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Alghamdi M, Chen JF, Jungbluth A, Koutzaki S, Palmer MB, Al-Ahmadie HA, Fine SW, Gopalan A, Sarungbam J, Sirintrapun SJ, Tickoo SK, Reuter VE, Chen YB. L1CAM Expression and Molecular Alterations Distinguish Low Grade Oncocytic Tumor (LOT) from Eosinophilic Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2024:100467. [PMID: 38460672 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Renal low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT) is a recently recognized renal cell neoplasm designated within the "other oncocytic tumors" category in the 2022 WHO Classification. While the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features reported for LOT have been largely consistent, the data is relatively limited. The morphologic overlap between LOT and other low grade oncocytic neoplasms, particularly eosinophilic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (E-chRCC), remains a controversial area in renal tumor classification. To address this uncertainty, we characterized and compared large cohorts of LOT (n=67) and E-chRCC (n=69) and revealed notable differences between the two entities. Clinically, LOT predominantly affected females whereas E-chRCC showed a male predilection. Histologically, while almost all LOT dominated by a small-nested pattern, E-chRCC mainly showed solid and tubular architectures. Molecular analysis revealed that 87% of LOT cases harbored mutations in the TSC-mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, most frequently in MTOR and RHEB genes; a subset of LOT cases had chromosomal 7 and 19q gains. In contrast, E-chRCC lacked mTORC1 mutations and 60% of cases displayed chromosomal losses characteristic of chRCC. We also explored the cell of origin for LOT and identified L1CAM, a collecting duct and connecting tubule principal cell marker, as a highly sensitive and specific ancillary test for differentiating LOT from E-chRCC. This distinctive L1CAM immunohistochemical labeling suggests the principal cells as the cell of origin for LOT, unlike the intercalated cell origin of E-chRCC and oncocytoma. The ultrastructural analysis of LOT showed normal-appearing mitochondria and intracytoplasmic lumina with microvilli, different from what has been described for chRCC. Our study further supports LOT as a unique entity with benign clinical course. Based on the likely cell of origin and its clinicopathologic characteristics, we propose that changing the nomenclature of LOT to "Oncocytic Principal Cell Adenoma of the Kidney" may be a better way to define and describe this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Achim Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sirma Koutzaki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew B Palmer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hikmat A Al-Ahmadie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samson W Fine
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Judy Sarungbam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S Joseph Sirintrapun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Satish K Tickoo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Victor E Reuter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Bazarbashi S, Alkhatib R, Aseafan M, Tuleimat Y, Abdel-Aziz N, Mahrous M, Elsamany S, Elhassan T, Alghamdi M. Efficacy of Chemotherapy Rechallenge Versus Regorafenib or Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Third-Line Setting of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Comparative Study. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300461. [PMID: 38484194 PMCID: PMC10954077 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a significant global health burden. This retrospective study compared the effectiveness of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI), regorafenib, and chemotherapy rechallenge for third-line mCRC treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 132 patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib, FTD/TPI, or a rechallenge with the initial chemotherapy regimen in a third-line setting from four different institutions. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end points were objective response rate and overall survival (OS) across the three treatment approaches. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients received chemotherapy rechallenge, and 103 received FTD/TPI or regorafenib. Patients' characteristics were comparable, except for a lower number of left-sided primaries and KRAS wild-type tumors in the FTD/TPI-regorafenib group. The median PFS for the entire group was 3.0 months, and the median OS was 13.7 months. Chemotherapy rechallenge has resulted in a median PFS of 3.1 months and a median OS of 21.2 months, compared with 2.9 months (PFS) and 12.6 months (OS) for the FTD/TPI-regorafenib group. Multivariate analyses identified male sex and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0-1 as independent prognostic factors for better PFS, whereas chemotherapy rechallenge, localized stage at diagnosis, and an ECOG PS of 0-1 were significant prognostic factors for better OS. CONCLUSION This study suggests that chemotherapy rechallenge may provide a survival benefit in the third-line treatment of mCRC. However, patient characteristics, such as sex and ECOG PS, should also be considered in treatment decisions. Further prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouki Bazarbashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radwan Alkhatib
- Faculty of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Aseafan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin Tuleimat
- Faculty of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, National Blood and Cancer Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat Mahrous
- Oncology Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sherif Elsamany
- Oncology Centre, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tusneem Elhassan
- Research Unit, Cancer Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, National Blood and Cancer Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Razavi-Shearer D, Child H, Razavi-Shearer K, Voeller A, Razavi H, Buti M, Tacke F, Terrault N, Zeuzem S, Abbas Z, Aghemo A, Akarca U, Al Masri N, Alalwan A, Blomé MA, Jerkeman A, Aleman S, Kamal H, Alghamdi A, Alghamdi M, Alghamdi S, Al-Hamoudi W, Ali E, Aljumah A, Altraif I, Amarsanaa J, Asselah T, Baatarkhuu O, Babameto A, Ben-Ari Z, Berg T, Biondi M, Braga W, Brandão-Mello C, Brown R, Brunetto M, Cabezas J, Cardoso M, Martins A, Chan H, Cheinquer H, Chen CJ, Yang HI, Chen PJ, Chien CH, Chuang WL, Garza LC, Coco B, Coffin C, Coppola N, Cornberg M, Craxi A, Crespo J, Cuko L, De Ledinghen V, Duberg AS, Etzion O, Ferraz M, Ferreira P, Forns X, Foster G, Fung J, Gaeta G, García-Samaniego J, Genov J, Gheorghe L, Gholam P, Gish R, Glenn J, Hamid S, Hercun J, Hsu YC, Hu CC, Huang JF, Idilman R, Jafri W, Janjua N, Jelev D, Jia J, Kåberg M, Kaita K, Kao JH, Khan A, Kim D, Kondili L, Lagging M, Lampertico P, Lázaro P, Lazarus J, Lee MH, Yang HI, Lim YS, Lobato C, Macedo G, Marinho R, Marotta P, Mendes-Correa M, Méndez-Sánchez N, Navas MC, Ning Q, Örmeci N, Orrego M, Osiowy C, Pan C, Pessoa M, Piracha Z, Pop C, Qureshi H, Raimondo G, Ramji A, Ribeiro S, Ríos-Hincapié C, Rodríguez M, Rosenberg W, Roulot D, Ryder S, Saeed U, Safadi R, Shouval D, Sanai F, Sanchez-Avila J, Santantonio T, Sarrazin C, Seto WK, Seto WK, Simonova M, Tanaka J, Tergast T, Tsendsuren O, Valente C, Villalobos-Salcedo J, Waheed Y, Wong G, Wong V, Yip T, Wong V, Wu JC, Yang HI, Yu ML, Yuen MF, Yurdaydin C, Zuckerman E. Adjusted estimate of the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in 25 countries and territories. J Hepatol 2024; 80:232-242. [PMID: 38030035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite RNA virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and propagation. Individuals infected with HDV progress to advanced liver disease faster than HBV-monoinfected individuals. Recent studies have estimated the global prevalence of anti-HDV antibodies among the HBV-infected population to be 5-15%. This study aimed to better understand HDV prevalence at the population level in 25 countries/territories. METHODS We conducted a literature review to determine the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals in 25 countries/territories. Virtual meetings were held with experts from each setting to discuss the findings and collect unpublished data. Data were weighted for patient segments and regional heterogeneity to estimate the prevalence in the HBV-infected population. The findings were then combined with The Polaris Observatory HBV data to estimate the anti-HDV and HDV RNA prevalence in each country/territory at the population level. RESULTS After adjusting for geographical distribution, disease stage and special populations, the anti-HDV prevalence among the HBsAg+ population changed from the literature estimate in 19 countries. The highest anti-HDV prevalence was 60.1% in Mongolia. Once adjusted for the size of the HBsAg+ population and HDV RNA positivity rate, China had the highest absolute number of HDV RNA+ cases. CONCLUSIONS We found substantially lower HDV prevalence than previously reported, as prior meta-analyses primarily focused on studies conducted in groups/regions that have a higher probability of HBV infection: tertiary care centers, specific risk groups or geographical regions. There is large uncertainty in HDV prevalence estimates. The implementation of reflex testing would improve estimates, while also allowing earlier linkage to care for HDV RNA+ individuals. The logistical and economic burden of reflex testing on the health system would be limited, as only HBsAg+ cases would be screened. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus among people living with hepatitis B virus at the population level. In this study, we aimed to better understand the burden in 25 countries and territories, to refine techniques that can be used in future analyses. We found a lower prevalence in the majority of places studied than had been previously reported. These data can help inform policy makers on the need to screen people living with hepatitis B virus to find those coinfected with hepatitis delta virus and at high risk of progression, while also highlighting the pitfalls that other researchers have often fallen into.
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Sanai FM, Aljawad M, Alghamdi AS, Yehoshua A, Khathlan A, Alghamdi M, Kozma S, Smith N, El-Moustaid F, Jeyakumar S, Kachru N. Long-term health and economic benefits of switching to tenofovir alafenamide versus continuing on entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:23-29. [PMID: 37417192 PMCID: PMC10852144 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_170_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the success of current treatments, many chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients still live with low-level viremia [LLV] resulting in liver disease progression. This study evaluated the long-term health and economic impact of switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) from entecavir (ETV) in Saudi Arabia (SA) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) LLV patients. METHODS A hybrid decision tree Markov state-transition model was developed to simulate a cohort of patients with CHB LLV treated with ETV and switched to TAF over a lifetime horizon in SA. While on treatment, patients either achieved complete virologic response (CVR) or maintained LLV. CVR patients experienced slower progression to advanced liver disease stages as compared to LLV patients. Demographic data, transition probabilities, treatment efficacy, health state costs, and utilities were sourced from published literature. Treatment costs were sourced from publicly available databases. RESULTS Base case analysis found that over a lifetime horizon, switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV increased the proportion of patients achieving CVR (76% versus 14%, respectively). Switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV resulted in a reduction in cases of compensated cirrhosis (-52%), decompensated cirrhosis (-5%), hepatocellular carcinoma (-22%), liver transplants (-12%), and a 37% reduction in liver-related deaths. Switching to TAF was cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $57,222, assuming a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times gross national income per capita [$65,790/QALY]. CONCLUSIONS This model found that switching to TAF versus remaining on ETV in SA CHB LLV patients substantially reduced long-term CHB-related morbidity and mortality and was a cost-effective treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal M. Sanai
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aljawad
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alon Yehoshua
- HEOR - Global Value and Access, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Khathlan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sam Kozma
- Formerly Gilead Sciences Inc., Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Nandita Kachru
- HEOR - Global Value and Access, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
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Alghamdi AS, Alghamdi H, Alserehi HA, Babatin MA, Alswat KA, Alghamdi M, AlQutub A, Abaalkhail F, Altraif I, Alfaleh FZ, Sanai FM. SASLT guidelines: Update in treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, 2024. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:S1-S42. [PMID: 38167232 PMCID: PMC10856511 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_333_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been a major global health concern, with a significant impact on public health. In recent years, there have been remarkable advancements in our understanding of HCV and the development of novel therapeutic agents. The Saudi Society for the Study of Liver Disease and Transplantation formed a working group to develop HCV practice guidelines in Saudi Arabia. The methodology used to create these guidelines involved a comprehensive review of available evidence, local data, and major international practice guidelines regarding HCV management. This updated guideline encompasses critical aspects of HCV care, including screening and diagnosis, assessing the severity of liver disease, and treatment strategies. The aim of this updated guideline is to assist healthcare providers in the management of HCV in Saudi Arabia. It summarizes the latest local studies on HCV epidemiology, significant changes in virus prevalence, and the importance of universal screening, particularly among high-risk populations. Moreover, it discusses the promising potential for HCV elimination as a public health threat by 2030, driven by effective treatment and comprehensive prevention strategies. This guideline also highlights evolving recommendations for advancing disease management, including the treatment of HCV patients with decompensated cirrhosis, treatment of those who have previously failed treatment with the newer medications, management in the context of liver transplantation and hepatocellular carcinoma, and treatment for special populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdan Alghamdi
- Hepatology Section, Hepatobiliary Sciences and Organs Transplant Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haleema A. Alserehi
- General Directorate of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Babatin
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Alswat
- Liver Disease Research Center, and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, King Fahd Military Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel AlQutub
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Abaalkhail
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Altraif
- Hepatology Section, Hepatobiliary Sciences and Organs Transplant Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal M. Sanai
- Liver Disease Research Center, and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alasker A, Alnafisah TR, Alghafees M, Shafqat A, Sabbah BN, Alhaider A, Alsayyari A, Althonayan N, AlOtaibi M, Ofisan SB, Alghamdi M, Albogami N, Al-Khayal A. Preserving Renal Function without Compromising Oncological Outcomes: A Comparative Study of Partial and Total Nephrectomies in T3 Stage Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2023; 10:28-32. [PMID: 38162464 PMCID: PMC10755761 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.v10i4.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The utility of partial nephrectomy (PN) in locally advanced, stage T3 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial. This retrospective study aimed to review the oncological and functional outcomes of patients with T3a RCC who underwent PN. We included all patients with pT3a stage RCC undergoing either open, laparoscopic, or robotic PN at our center between January 2015 and 2023. A Wilcoxon rank sum test was utilized to compare nephrectomy types (radical nephrectomy [RN] vs PN). Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier plots and a log-rank test. P-value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between the RN and PN groups, except age (53.0 vs 6.5, respectively; P = 0.012) and body mass index (28.7 vs 34.3, respectively; P = 0.020). Furthermore, there were also no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence (P = 0.597), metastatic progression (P = 0.129), and chemotherapy use (P = 0.367) between nephrectomy types. Patient survival did not differ significantly based on the type of nephrectomy (log-rank P-value = 0.852). Together, our findings indicated that PN and RN yield near-equivalent oncological outcomes in terms of local recurrence, metastasis, and overall survival rates among pT3a RCC patients during a nearly 3-year follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alasker
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Rashed Alnafisah
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alghafees
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abdullah Alhaider
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naif Althonayan
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed AlOtaibi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Bin Ofisan
- College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Albogami
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Khayal
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alanzi TM, Alzahrani W, Almoraikhi M, Algannas A, Alghamdi M, Alzahrani L, Abutaleb R, Ba Dughaish R, Alotibi N, Alkhalifah S, Alshehri M, Alzahrani H, Almahdi R, Alanzi N, Farhah N. Adoption of Wearable Insulin Biosensors for Diabetes Management: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e50782. [PMID: 38239544 PMCID: PMC10795719 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable insulin biosensors represent a novel approach that combines the benefits of real-time glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery, potentially revolutionizing how individuals with diabetes manage their condition. STUDY PURPOSE To analyze the behavioral intentions of wearable insulin biosensors among diabetes patients, the factors that drive or hinder their usage, and the implications for diabetes management and healthcare outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was adopted in this study. The validated questionnaire included 10 factors (Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention, trust, perceived privacy risk, and personal innovativeness) affecting the acceptance of wearable insulin sensors. A total of 248 diabetic patients who had used wearable sensors participated in the study. RESULTS Performance expectancy was rated the highest (Mean = 3.84 out of 5), followed by effort expectancy (Mean = 3.78 out of 5), and trust (Mean = 3.53 out of 5). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed with respect to socio-demographic variables including age and gender on various influencing factors and adoption intentions. PE, EE, and trust were positively associated with adoption intentions. CONCLUSION While wearable insulin sensors are positively perceived with respect to diabetes management, issues like privacy and security may affect their adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki M Alanzi
- Department of Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Wala Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | | | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Dhahran Long Term Care Hospital, Dhahran, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Nada Alotibi
- College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, SAU
| | - Shayma Alkhalifah
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Mona Alshehri
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Reham Almahdi
- College of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, SAU
| | - Nouf Alanzi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Jouf, SAU
| | - Nesren Farhah
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, SAU
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8
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Almalki F, El-Fiky A, Almalki M, Mahmoud H, Alayat M, Alghamdi M. Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Arabic version of Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Patients with Stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2023; 30:833-841. [PMID: 36448633 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2022.2152171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-efficacy has an important impact on rehabilitation outcomes in stroke. The Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire assesses performance in daily functional activities and self-management following a stroke. PURPOSE To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ) into the Arabic language and to assess its psychometric properties among patients with stroke. METHODS SSEQ was translated into Modern Arabic and then translated back into English. An expert review panel produced a pre-final version of SSEQ-AR, which was followed by a pilot test with a sample of 15 patients with stroke. The psychometric properties of the final version of the SSEQ-AR were evaluated in 135 patients with stroke. DATA ANALYSIS Cronbach's alpha and ICC were calculated to describe the internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Short-Form Survey (SF-12) physical and mental subscales and Fall Efficacy Scale International were used to determine the construct validity. RESULTS The total score of the SSEQ-AR and subscales showed a strong to very strong (ICC2,1 0.89-0.92), and acceptable internal consistency for two subscales (Cronbach's alpha = 0.81 to 0.94) and total (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93). The SSEQ-AR subscales showed a good correlation with physical component subscales of SF-12 (r = 0.64-0.72) and excellent correlation with FES-I in total (r = 0.82) and with subscales (r = 0.75-0.79). CONCLUSION This study shows that SSEQ-AR is a reliable and valid instrument that assesses the level of self-efficacy for patients with stroke in Arabic-speaking countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Almalki
- Medical Rehabilitation Department, Ranyah General Hospital, Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir El-Fiky
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Almalki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Meshari Bin Saud- General Hospital, Baljurashi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam Mahmoud
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Alayat
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi M, Alzahrani R, Alghamdi A, Ali M, Alghamdi AM, Alghamdi W, Alghamdi K, Alghamdi S. AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE AL-BAHA REGION OF SAUDI ARABIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Georgian Med News 2023:153-158. [PMID: 38096533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known sleep-disordered breathing, with known morbidity and mortality, that affects a lot of people worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of OSA is estimated to be around 8.8% among adult males and 5.1% among adult females. The research is a cross-sectional study design conducted in the Al-Baha region; Saudi Arabia in 385 participants. To evaluate the knowledge and awareness of OSA, the study utilized a validated and reliable adapted Arabic version of the OSA questionnaire. The degree of consciousness and understanding regarding OSA demonstrated a noteworthy connection with varying levels of education and a favorable family history of OSAS (p<0.05). The regression analyses unveiled that people with a familial OSA background had a 2.565-fold increased likelihood of identifying daytime fatigue as a symptom of OSA (p<0.05). The study reported an insufficient level of awareness and knowledge of OSA among the Saudi Arabian population. Various factors, including gender, education, and family history of OSA, may affect the awareness and knowledge of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alghamdi
- 1Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Alzahrani
- 1Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alghamdi
- 2Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ali
- 1Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Alghamdi
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - W Alghamdi
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kh Alghamdi
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sh Alghamdi
- 3Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Aldosari AN, Alghamdi A, Alharthi A, Albuhayri A, Ghurab S, Alghamdi M, Aldosari M. The Frequency and Precipitating Factors for Breakthrough Seizures in Children with Epilepsy. J Epilepsy Res 2023; 13:13-18. [PMID: 37720680 PMCID: PMC10501813 DOI: 10.14581/jer.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose To determine the common precipitating factors for breakthrough seizures in children with epilepsy. Methods This retrospective study reviewed the charts of children with epilepsy who were followed up in the pediatric neurology clinic of King Fahad Hospital in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia, between January 2015 and August 2022. Children between 1 to 14 years of age who had epilepsy, as per the International League Against Epilepsy definition and received anti-seizure medication with a seizure-free period of at least 2 months before breakthrough seizure episode, were included in the study. Results Of the 108 children included in the study, the mean age was 6.8±1.6 years, and among them (55.5%) were male. Most parents (69.5%) were unaware of the triggering factors of seizure. The majority of patients (88%) reported at least one precipitating factor for breakthrough seizures and the most common one was systemic infection associated with fever (52.8%), and then non-compliance to medications in (34.3%) of the patients. In terms of the electroencephalogram, around 84 patients (77.8%) had abnormal electroencephalogram. Finally, monotherapy was maintained in 63.9% of patients. Conclusions We conclude that the most common trigger for breakthrough seizure is a systemic infection associated with fever and non-compliance to anti-seizure medications. Increasing the level of awareness by different methods may help limit or even prevent seizures from occurring. Randomized controlled trials could shed light on the adjustment of anti-seizure medications temporarily by increasing the dosage or giving extra doses during the infection to avoid breakthrough seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Alghamdi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayidh Alharthi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Suhaib Ghurab
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mufleh Aldosari
- Department of Epidemiology, As Sulayyil General Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Chiu DT, Stenson BA, Alghamdi M, Antkowiak PS, Sanchez LD. The association between day of arrival, time of arrival, daily volume and the rate of patients that "left without being seen". Am J Emerg Med 2023; 67:24-28. [PMID: 36780737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients' left without being seen (LWBS) rate is used as an emergency department (ED) quality indicator. Prior research has investigated characteristics of these patients, but there are minimal studies assessing the impact of departmental variables. We evaluate the LWBS rate at a granular level, looking at its relationship to day of week, hour of arrival and total patient volume. METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis of 109,983 cases from a single academic center. We captured patient disposition, day of week and hour of day of arrival, and total daily volume. Chi-squared test was performed to determine the difference in LWBS rates based on arrival variables. We ran a polynomial regression for LWBS rates by decile of daily patient volume. RESULTS The overall LWBS rate was 1.82% over 2 years. This varied significantly by day of week and hour of day (p < 0.001). Day of week rates ranged from 0.73% on Sunday to 2.45% on Wednesday. Hour of day rates ranged from 0.26% between 8 AM-9 AM, to 3.71% between 10 PM-11 PM. As total daily patient volume increased, LWBS rates gradually increased until the 70th percentile, followed by significant exponential growth afterwards. DISCUSSION LWBS rates are not static measurements, and vary greatly depending on ED circumstances. Weekdays and evenings have significantly higher rates. Additionally, LWBS rates climb above 2% as daily registrations reach the 70th percentile, increasing exponentially at each subsequent decile. Understanding these effects will allow for more effective, targeted interventions to minimize this rate and improve throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Chiu
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, One Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bryan A Stenson
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, One Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, One Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter S Antkowiak
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, One Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Leon D Sanchez
- Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1153 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02130, USA
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12
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Altukhaim F, Mutlaq M, Alghamdi M, Hakami S. Reactivation of Herpes Zoster After Recombinant Vaccine (Shingrix): A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e34431. [PMID: 36874700 PMCID: PMC9979095 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) is a common contagious dermatological condition that results from reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which currently could be prevented by vaccination. We describe a rare case of varicella infection reactivation after routine zoster vaccination in an immunocompetent female in her 60s who developed dermatomal pruritic and vesicular rash one week after receiving Shingrix vaccine, along with fever, sweating, headache, and fatigue. The patient was treated as a case of herpes zoster reactivation with a seven days course of acyclovir. She continued to do well on follow-up with no significant complications. Though uncommon, it is important for healthcare providers to recognize this adverse reaction to expedite testing and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - May Mutlaq
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi University, Qassim, SAU
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13
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Elsayed W, Albagmi F, Hussain M, Alghamdi M, Farrag A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical therapy practice in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278785. [PMID: 36490281 PMCID: PMC9733862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The new Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant impact on the medical sector worldwide, including physical therapy (PT). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the PT services, and the associated psychological distress endured by PT practitioners in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to survey on-duty PT practitioners using a web-based questionnaire. Licensed PT practitioners working in Saudi Arabia (n = 265) participated and completed all the survey questions. The questionnaire comprised 30 questions covering the sociodemographic data and the outcome measures, which included the impact of the pandemic on the PT practice, use of telerehabilitation, administrative response during the pandemic, and PT practitioners' anxiety measured by the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale. RESULTS During the lockdown, disruptive impact on the PT practice was reported by most of the participants (80%). The majority of PT clinics/departments were either partially (43.8%) or completely (31.3%) shutdown, and therapists treated patients less than usual. Around 30% of participants reported using a telerehabilitation approach during the pandemic to communicate with patients, and about 33% received online courses and webinars to adapt the PT practice in response to the pandemic. About 21% of participants endured moderate to severe levels of anxiety, which was more pronounced among females. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the PT services in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, the number of patients treated was reduced, and therapists suffered notable psychological stress. Furthermore, although implemented, adaptive administrative measures were inadequate. Physical therapy practitioners and administrative authorities are encouraged to prioritize training and implementation of telerehabilitation as a likely prospective approach of PT practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Elsayed
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Faisal Albagmi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehwish Hussain
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Farrag
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Xu B, Saliba M, Alzumaili B, Alghamdi M, Lee N, Riaz N, Patel SG, Ganly I, Dogan S, Ghossein RA, Katabi N. Prognostic impact of extranodal extension (ENE) in surgically managed treatment-naive HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with nodal metastasis. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1578-1586. [PMID: 35690646 PMCID: PMC10368196 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extranodal extension (ENE) is a significant prognostic factor for human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and is incorporated into AJCC 8th edition pN stage. It remains controversial whether ENE or the degree of ENE is prognostically relevant in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). A detailed clinicopathologic review was conducted in a large retrospective cohort of 232 surgically treated patients with HPV-positive OPSCC and nodal metastasis. Fifty-six patients (24%) had nodal metastasis with ENE. The median vertical extent of ENE was 2.9 mm (range 0.2-20.3 mm), and the median horizontal span of ENE was 2.5 mm (range: 0.3-14.0 mm). Comparing with patients without ENE, those with ENE were associated with a higher number of positive lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, adjuvant chemotherapy, larger primary tumor size, and shorter follow up period. Patients with ENE had shortened overall survival (OS), disease specific survival (DSS), disease free survival (DFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), and regional recurrence free survival (RRFS) on univariate survival analysis. The 5-year OS, DSS, and DFS were 95%, 97%, and 90% respectively for the group without ENE, and 64%, 71%, and 65% respectively for the group with ENE. On Multivariate survival analysis, the presence of ENE was an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS, DSS, and DFS. Additionally, major ENE defined as a vertical extent of ≥4 mm or irregular soft tissue deposit independently predicted shortened OS, DSS, and RFS. In conclusion, the presence of ENE, in particular major ENE, is an independent prognostic factor in HPV-positive OPSCC. Therefore, we propose to document the presence and extent of ENE for these tumors. Consideration may be given for AJCC 9th edition to include ENE into pN stage of HPV-positive OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maelle Saliba
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bayan Alzumaili
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Snehal G Patel
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian Ganly
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Snjezana Dogan
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald A Ghossein
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nora Katabi
- Departmental of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Aljaziri N, Alkhaleel MS, Alrajhi N, Alghamdi M, Aljizeeri A. Successful Long-term Anticoagulation with Low Molecular Weight Heparin in a Patient with Mechanical Mitral Valve and Atrial Flutter. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2022; 34:163-165. [DOI: 10.37616/2212-5043.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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16
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Alhamoud AH, Bajahzer M, Alshahrani M, Alghamdi M, Alaklabi S, Aldhibi H. Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Diabetic Patients in King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e30458. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Alghamdi M, Maray M, Alazzam MB. Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using Computational Intelligence Models and IoT Applications. Comput Intell Neurosci 2022; 2022:2143510. [PMID: 36275956 PMCID: PMC9586749 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2143510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) models has been proposed to aid in the detection and classification of breast cancer. In this work, we evaluated the performance of multilayer perceptron neural network and nonlinear support vector machine models to classify breast cancer nodules. From the contour of 569 samples, ten morphological features were used as input to the classifiers. The average results obtained in the set of 50 simulations performed show that the proposed models showed good performance (all exceeded 90.0%) in terms of accuracy in the test set. The nonlinear support vector machine algorithm stands out when compared to the proposed multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm, with 99% accuracy and a 2% false-negative rate. The neural network model presented lower performance than the nonlinear support vector machine classifier. With the application of the proposed models, the average results obtained are promising in the classification of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Maray
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Bader Alazzam
- Information Technology College, Ajloun National University, Ajloun, Jordan
- The University of Mashreq, Research Center, Baghdad, Iraq
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18
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AlGhobaishi A, Alzabin H, Alhazmi A, Mousa AH, AlThagafi H, Alghamdi M, Khawaji A, Albenayan E, Zailaie R, Almaghrabi RH, Garout MA. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hand hygiene adherence among pediatric physicians, in Saudi Arabia. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 82:104518. [PMID: 36092858 PMCID: PMC9444314 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The hand hygiene practice (HHP) is the most effective and simplest preventive measure to reduce the risk of infection. HHP is more relevant among pediatric physicians in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic since, children are more vulnerable to infection. Therefore, assessment of the COVID-19 impact on HHP could be useful in minimizing lethal virus transmission from pediatric physicians to patients and vice versa. Method The present cross-sectional, electronically self-administered supplement based survey study was conducted among different professional levels of pediatric physicians involving consultants, specialists, and residents. The supplement includes information related to demography, knowledge, awareness, preventive measures, demonstration and practice of HHP. The information was collected and summarized on a Microsoft excel sheet before being imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. Results Of the total (N = 404) pediatric physicians, 56.68% male, 43.06% belongs to 25–35 years, 42.32% were consultants, 98.01% respondents were familiar with five moments of HHP. Further, HHP immediately before touching patients (99.26%), clean/aseptic procedure (95.04%), after body fluid exposure (72.28%), after touching patients (98.01%), after touching surrounding of patients (74.75%) may prevent germ transmission to patients whereas HHP after touching patients (98.27%), before clean/aseptic procedure (67.57%), after exposure to immediate surroundings of patients (97.02%) may prevent germ transmission to pediatric physicians. Rubbing hands is preferred before palpation of abdomen (74.25%), before giving injection (56.68%), after removing gloves (61.88%), after making a patient's bed (47.80%), while washing of hands preferred after emptying bedpan (67.82%) and after visible exposure to blood (84.40%), 92.57% believed gloves can't replace HHP, posters display at point of care as reminders (95.30%), received frequent HHP education (82.92%), 50.49% do not need HHP reminder, 51.73% preferred alcohol based sanitizer, 53.46% facilitate daily morning huddle, HHP >10 times per day before COVID-19 (24.62%) while in COIVID-19 (56.44%). HPP is the most effective way to prevent the spread (98.01%) of microbes because it kills germs (90.35%), health care associated infections is the major (38.06%) cause of germ transmission, 86.88% will be remains committed to HHP even after pandemic. In comparison to residents and specialists, consultants gave more importance (p = 0.02) to HHP and were more adherent during (p = 0.007) and even after (p = 0.001) COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion Assessing knowledge of pediatric physician, awareness, and adherence to hand hygiene measures could be helpful to reduce the contact transmission of lethal viruses to patients and vice versa. Further increase in the awareness, knowledge and education of HHP are required in order to maximize its utilization. The hand hygiene practice (HHP) is the most effective and simplest preventive measure to reduce the risk of infection. Of the total (N = 404) pediatric physicians, 56.68% male, 43.06% belongs to 25–35 years, 42.32% were consultants, 98.01% respondents were familiar with five moments of HHP. Assessing knowledge of pediatric physician, awareness, and adherence to hand hygiene measures could be helpful to reduce the contact transmission of lethal viruses to patients and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah AlGhobaishi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author. Pediatric intensivist Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haifa Alzabin
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Alhazmi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hafez Mousa
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine and Surgery, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Children's Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem AlThagafi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Emergency Department, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeb Khawaji
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyad Albenayan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roaa Zailaie
- Department of Pediatrics Infectious Disease, King Fahad Armed Forces, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed A. Garout
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI) Control Leader, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Aldosari MA, Matyuri AS, Alghamdi M, Alkhaibari A, Hajeer AH. Identification of the novel
HLA‐A*74:03:03
allele by sequencing‐based typing. HLA 2022; 100:361-362. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar A. Aldosari
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KSAU‐HS, MNGHA Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Matyuri
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KSAU‐HS, MNGHA Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KSAU‐HS, MNGHA Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Alkhaibari
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KSAU‐HS, MNGHA Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Hajeer
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KSAU‐HS, MNGHA Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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20
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Hong AN, Luong D, Alghamdi M, Liao W, Zhang W, Kusumoputro E, Chen Y, Greaney PA, Cui Y, Shi J, Bu X, Fokwa BPT, Feng P. Metal‐Mediated Directional Capping of Rod‐Packing Metal–Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201576. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anh N. Hong
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Diana Luong
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Wei‐Cheng Liao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Emily Kusumoputro
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Yichong Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - P. Alex Greaney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Yongtao Cui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Xianhui Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Long Beach 1250 Bellflower Boulevard Long Beach CA 90840 USA
| | - Boniface P. T. Fokwa
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Pingyun Feng
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
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21
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Huang M, Zhou J, Chen D, Lu H, McLaughlin NJ, Li S, Alghamdi M, Djugba D, Shi J, Wang H, Du CR. Wide field imaging of van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 by spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5369. [PMID: 36100604 PMCID: PMC9470674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergent color centers with accessible spins hosted by van der Waals materials have attracted substantial interest in recent years due to their significant potential for implementing transformative quantum sensing technologies. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is naturally relevant in this context due to its remarkable ease of integration into devices consisting of low-dimensional materials. Taking advantage of boron vacancy spin defects in hBN, we report nanoscale quantum imaging of low-dimensional ferromagnetism sustained in Fe3GeTe2/hBN van der Waals heterostructures. Exploiting spin relaxometry methods, we have further observed spatially varying magnetic fluctuations in the exfoliated Fe3GeTe2 flake, whose magnitude reaches a peak value around the Curie temperature. Our results demonstrate the capability of spin defects in hBN of investigating local magnetic properties of layered materials in an accessible and precise way, which can be extended readily to a broad range of miniaturized van der Waals heterostructure systems. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has been used extensively to encapsulate other van der Waals materials, protecting them from environmental degradation, and allowing integration into more complex heterostructures. Here, the authors make use of boron vacancy spin defects in h-BN using them to image the magnetic properties of a Fe3GeTe2 flake.
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22
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AlBahrani S, Alghamdi M, Zakary N, Jebakumar AZ, AlZahrani SJ, ElGezery MH, Abdallah KO, Al-Tawfiq JA. Initial viral cycle threshold values in patients with COVID-19 and their clinical significance. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:101. [PMID: 35765070 PMCID: PMC9237989 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The connection between initial viral cycle threshold (Ct) values of the SARS-CoV-2 with symptoms and hospital course is not clearly studied.
Methods
This is a retrospective study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from Jun 1st 2020 to March 30th, 2021 examining the relationship between initial viral cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 as obtained from nasopharyngeal samples. The clinical presentations and outcomes were analyzed in relation to the initial Ct values.
Results
The study included 202 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with a mean age (± SD) of 54.75 (± 15.93) and 123 (60.9%) males and 79 (39.1%) females. Of all the patients, the most frequent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (95; 47%) and the most frequent symptoms were fever (148; 73.3%) and cough (141; 69.8%). There was no significant difference in relation to underlying conditions, clinical presentation, radiographic and laboratory data among those with low, medium and high Ct values. The mean Ct values showed no statistical change over the 10-month study period.
Conclusions
Initial SARS-CoV-2 Ct values did not show any association with clinical symptoms and did not predict the need for mechanical intubation or death.
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Boehm KM, Aherne EA, Ellenson L, Nikolovski I, Alghamdi M, Vázquez-García I, Zamarin D, Long Roche K, Liu Y, Patel D, Aukerman A, Pasha A, Rose D, Selenica P, Causa Andrieu PI, Fong C, Capanu M, Reis-Filho JS, Vanguri R, Veeraraghavan H, Gangai N, Sosa R, Leung S, McPherson A, Gao J, Lakhman Y, Shah SP. Multimodal data integration using machine learning improves risk stratification of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Cancer 2022; 3:723-733. [PMID: 35764743 PMCID: PMC9239907 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer suffer poor prognosis and variable response to treatment. Known prognostic factors for this disease include homologous recombination deficiency status, age, pathological stage and residual disease status after debulking surgery. Recent work has highlighted important prognostic information captured in computed tomography and histopathological specimens, which can be exploited through machine learning. However, little is known about the capacity of combining features from these disparate sources to improve prediction of treatment response. Here, we assembled a multimodal dataset of 444 patients with primarily late-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer and discovered quantitative features, such as tumor nuclear size on staining with hematoxylin and eosin and omental texture on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, associated with prognosis. We found that these features contributed complementary prognostic information relative to one another and clinicogenomic features. By fusing histopathological, radiologic and clinicogenomic machine-learning models, we demonstrate a promising path toward improved risk stratification of patients with cancer through multimodal data integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Boehm
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily A Aherne
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lora Ellenson
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ines Nikolovski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ignacio Vázquez-García
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zamarin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara Long Roche
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Druv Patel
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Aukerman
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arfath Pasha
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doori Rose
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pier Selenica
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Chris Fong
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rami Vanguri
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harini Veeraraghavan
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Gangai
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramon Sosa
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samantha Leung
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew McPherson
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - JianJiong Gao
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yulia Lakhman
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sohrab P Shah
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Al-Saleh KA, El Zawahry HM, Bounedjar A, Oukkal M, Saadeddin A, Mahfouf H, Kamel B, Bensalem A, Abdel-Razeq H, Kandil A, Abulkhair OAM, Al-Foheidi MO, Ghosn M, Boussen H, Haddaoui A, Ayari JB, Alghamdi M, Abdulaziz NA, Kullab SA, Nabholtz JMA. Final result for SAFIA trial for neoadjuvant palbociclib in patients with operable luminal breast cancer responding to fulvestrant. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
596 Background: Luminal, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (BC) encompasses the most common subtype of breast malignancies. Neoadjuvant strategies of operable BC are primarily based upon chemotherapy (CT), while neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NAHT) has not been well studied in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. However, these tumors might respond poorly to neoadjuvant CT with significant side effects, emphasizing the need to identify patients who could be candidates for NAHT. Methods: The SAFIA trial is a prospective multicentre, international, double-blind, neoadjuvant phase-III trial using upfront 21-gene Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score assay (RS) <31) to select operable Luminal HER2-negative patients for induction hormonal therapy with Fulvestrant 500 mg +/– Goserelin (F/G) before randomizing responding patients to F/G + Palbociclib (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitor / CDK 4/6) versus F/G + Placebo. The primary endpoint of this study was the complete pathologic response (pCR) rate. Results: A total of 354 patients were enrolled, leading to 277 patients treated with induction F/G. Of these, 253 responding patients were randomized to F/G fulvestrant with palbociclib or Placebo. Two hundred and thirty patients were evaluable for pathologic response. No statistically significant differences were identified in terms of pCR rates between F/G with palbociclib or placebo: 2% versus 7%, respectively. According to the radiologic responses post- induction F/G, the hormone sensitivity rate was 89.8%, while the clinical benefit of 8–9 months of neoadjuvant F/G was 96%. Safety in the MENA population was acceptable with a grade 3-4 neutropenia rate of 25% in the F/G plus palbociclib arm. The feasibility of performing the 21-gene breast recurrence score assay on core biopsy specimens was optimal in 96.4% of cases. Conclusions: The addition of palbociclib to neoadjuvant F/G did not show any additional benefit in terms of pathologic response, including pCR in neoadjuvant therapy of Luminal HER2-negative BC responding to induction F/G. The use of an upfront 21-gene assay appeared feasible on biopsy specimens, and the identification of tumors with RS<31 allowed to select endocrine sensitive patients, leading ultimately to a 96% clinical benefit with 8–9 months of F/G neoadjuvant therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT03447132. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adda Bounedjar
- Université Blida 1Laboratoire de cancérologie, Faculté de Médecine, Blida, Algeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alaa Kandil
- Alexandria University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Meteb Owaish Al-Foheidi
- Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University (Jeddah), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abderrazak Haddaoui
- Université De Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie the Military Hospital of Tunis, Department of Medical Oncology, Mont Fleury, Tunisia
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Maray M, Alghamdi M, Alazzam MB. Diagnosing Cancer Using IOT and Machine Learning Methods. Comput Intell Neurosci 2022; 2022:9896490. [PMID: 35669670 PMCID: PMC9167066 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9896490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer affects one in every eight women and is the most common cancer. Aim. To diagnose breast cancer, a potentially fatal condition, using microarray technology, large datasets can now be used. Methods. This study used machine learning algorithms and IOT to classify microarray data. They were created from two sets of data: one with 1919 protein types and one with 24481 protein types for 97 people, 46 of whom had a recurring disease and 51 of whom did not. The apps were written in Python. Each classification algorithm was applied to the data separately, without any feature elimination or size reduction. Second, two alternative feature reduction approaches were compared to the first case. In this case, machine learning techniques like Adaboost and Gradient Boosting Machine are used. Results. Before applying any feature reduction techniques, the logistic regression method produced the best results (90.23%), while the Random Forest method produced good results (67.22%). In the first data, SVM had the highest accuracy rate of 99.23% in both approaches, while in the second data, SVM had the highest rate of 87.87% in RLR and 88.82% in LTE. Deep learning was also done with MLP. The relationship between depth and classification accuracy was studied using it at various depths. After a while, the accuracy rate declined as the number of layers increased. The maximum accuracy rate in the first data was 97.69%, while it was 68.72% in the second. As a result, adding layers to deep learning does not improve classification accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Maray
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Jeddah University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi M, Alabdullatif N, Al-Rashoud A, Alotaibi J, Alhussaini N, Elsirawani S, Somily H, Alkhudair N, AlOtaiby M, Ahamed SS, Abd El-Aziz N. KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer: Relationship With Clinicopathological Characteristics and Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e23656. [PMID: 35505757 PMCID: PMC9053648 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have addressed the prevalence and prognostic impacts of KRAS mutations in Saudi patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to address the prevalence of KRAS mutations and evaluate their impact on clinical outcomes (if any) among Saudi patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Saud University Medical Centre (KSUMC), Saudi Arabia. All medical records of biopsy-proven CRC patients between 2015 and 2021 were reviewed. Statistical analysis was carried out to address the associations between KRAS mutations and the clinicopathological patients’ variables and survival. Results KRAS mutations were found in 97/194 (50%) CRC patients. In comparison to wild type KRAS tumors, KRAS- mutated ones had shown a trend toward right-sided tumors (30% and 4.3% vs 16% and 1.1%, p-value = 0.032, respectively) and peritoneal metastases (34% vs 19%, p-value = 0.014). Older age at diagnosis, gender, tumor grade, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor stage (T), and the presence of distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival (OS). There was no significant association between KRAS mutations and the hazard of mortality (HR: 0.653, 95% CI 0.873-1.134, p = 0.131). For progression-free survival (PFS), older age at presentation, MSI, tumor nodal stage (N), the presence of liver and lung metastasis, and recurrence were poor prognostic factors for PFS. There was no significant relation between KRAS mutations and PFS (HR ratio: 0.756, 95% CI 0.229-2.497, p = 0.646). Conclusions The prevalence of KRAS mutations in CRC patients was similar to that observed in previous studies of Saudi patients. KRAS mutations showed a trend toward right-sided tumors and peritoneal metastases. Survival was significantly related to different clinicopathologic variables of the study cohort but was not affected by the KRAS mutational status.
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Al‑Saleh K, Abdel‑Warith A, Alghamdi M, Aldiab A, Ali A, Alsaeed E, Abozeed W, Abdel‑aziz N. Incidence of trastuzumab‑induced cardiotoxicity and impact of body mass index in patients with breast cancer: Results from a Saudi tertiary cancer center. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:78. [DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al‑Saleh
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdel‑Warith
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurrahman Aldiab
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Ali
- Department of Medical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Eyad Alsaeed
- Department of Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abozeed
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Abdel‑aziz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
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Alqahtani S, Abusaq A, Alghamdi M, Shokair N, Albounni R. Colour stability of resin infiltrated white spot lesion after exposure to stain-causing drinks. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1079-1084. [PMID: 35197776 PMCID: PMC8847945 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The resin-based materials are used extensively in esthetic restorations but are. prone to color changes over time. Aims To assess the discoloration effect of red tea, Arabic coffee, and black coffee on the resin infiltrated white spot lesions (WSL). Moreover, to investigate the impact of time (1d, 3d, and 7d) on the discoloration of the resin infiltrated WSLs. Materials and methods Thirty-three extracted human premolar teeth were used to create WSLs, and ICON resin infiltration treatment was performed to obliterate the enamel pores. Teeth with resin infiltrated WSLs were sectioned into two halves by cutting mesio-distally and cross-sectionally at 1 mm below the CEJ. The resin infiltrated specimens was exposed to control (artificial saliva) and staining subgroups. Colour stability was assessed using the CIE L*a*b* system. Results Analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests revealed an insignificant color change in the control group. The immersion of resin infiltrated specimens at time intervals of 1 d (p < 0.001), 3 d (p < 0.001), and 7 d (p < 0.001) showed significant differences in color change. Conclusion Resin infiltrated WSLs showed marked color changes after exposure to red tea, black coffee, and Arabic coffee over time. Severe discoloration of the infiltrant was evident with the use of red tea compared to black coffee and Arabic coffee. This suggests that ICON resin-based composite material might not be a suitable material for WSL infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Roula Albounni
- Department of Operative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Rzan B, Ibtisam A, Abdel-Alim HM, Al-Sebaei MO, Bassyoni L, Alghamdi M. Tooth Loss Among Adults at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital “Factors, Causes, And Clinical Characteristics”. Ann Dent Spec 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/ds10ogkkor] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Xu B, Fuchs TL, Ahmadi S, Alghamdi M, Alzumaili B, Bani MA, Baudin E, Chou A, De Leo A, Fagin JA, Ganly I, Glover A, Hartl D, Kanaan C, Khneisser P, Najdawi F, Nigam A, Papachristos A, Repaci A, Spanheimer PM, Solaroli E, Untch BR, Barletta JA, Tallini G, Al Ghuzlan A, Gill AJ, Ghossein RA. International Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Grading System: A Validated Grading System for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:96-104. [PMID: 34731032 PMCID: PMC8683221 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor (NET) arising from the calcitonin-producing C cells. Unlike other NETs, there is no widely accepted pathologic grading scheme. In 2020, two groups separately developed slightly different schemes (the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Sydney grade) on the basis of proliferative activity (mitotic index and/or Ki67 proliferative index) and tumor necrosis. Building on this work, we sought to unify and validate an internationally accepted grading scheme for MTC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Tumor tissue from 327 patients with MTC from five centers across the United States, Europe, and Australia were reviewed for mitotic activity, Ki67 proliferative index, and necrosis using uniform criteria and blinded to other clinicopathologic features. After reviewing different cutoffs, a two-tiered consensus grading system was developed. High-grade MTCs were defined as tumors with at least one of the following features: mitotic index ≥ 5 per 2 mm2, Ki67 proliferative index ≥ 5%, or tumor necrosis. RESULTS Eighty-one (24.8%) MTCs were high-grade using this scheme. In multivariate analysis, these patients demonstrated decreased overall (hazard ratio [HR] = 11.490; 95% CI, 3.118 to 32.333; P < .001), disease-specific (HR = 8.491; 95% CI, 1.461 to 49.327; P = .017), distant metastasis-free (HR = 2.489; 95% CI, 1.178 to 5.261; P = .017), and locoregional recurrence-free (HR = 2.114; 95% CI, 1.065 to 4.193; P = .032) survivals. This prognostic power was maintained in subgroup analyses of cohorts from each of the five centers. CONCLUSION This simple two-tiered international grading system is a powerful predictor of adverse outcomes in MTC. As it is based solely on morphologic assessment in conjunction with Ki67 immunohistochemistry, it brings the grading of MTCs in line with other NETs and can be readily applied in routine practice. We therefore recommend grading of MTCs on the basis of mitotic count, Ki67 proliferative index, and tumor necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Talia L. Fuchs
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Ahmadi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, MA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Bayan Alzumaili
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mohamed-Amine Bani
- Medical Pathology and Biology Department, Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Baudin
- Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Angela Chou
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Pathology Unit-Azienda USL di Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - James A. Fagin
- Division of Subspecialty Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ian Ganly
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Anthony Glover
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Endocrine Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Dana Hartl
- Department of Surgery, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Grand Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Christina Kanaan
- Medical Pathology and Biology Department, Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Medical Pathology and Biology Department, Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Fedaa Najdawi
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Aradhya Nigam
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Alex Papachristos
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Endocrine Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Erica Solaroli
- Endocrinology Unit-Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Brian R. Untch
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Giovanni Tallini
- Pathology Unit-Azienda USL di Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Abir Al Ghuzlan
- Medical Pathology and Biology Department, Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Anthony J. Gill
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronald A. Ghossein
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,Ronald A. Ghossein, MD, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065; e-mail:
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Alghamdi M, Alshehri M, Sindi M. Quality of Life Assessment and Co-Morbidities of Maxillofacial Surgery Department Patients Undergoing Iliac Crest Harvesting Procedures. Ann Dent Spec 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/9rqm6kkwpj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Alghamdi M, Alamry SA, Bahlas SM, Uversky VN, Redwan EM. Circulating extracellular vesicles and rheumatoid arthritis: a proteomic analysis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:25. [PMID: 34971426 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles secreted by most cells for intracellular communication and transportation of biomolecules. EVs carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and receptors that are involved in human physiology and pathology. EV cargo is variable and highly related to the type and state of the cellular origin. Three subtypes of EVs have been identified: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes are the smallest and the most well-studied class of EVs that regulate different biological processes and participate in several diseases, such as cancers and autoimmune diseases. Proteomic analysis of exosomes succeeded in profiling numerous types of proteins involved in disease development and prognosis. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), exosomes revealed a potential function in joint inflammation. These EVs possess a unique function, as they can transfer specific autoantigens and mediators between distant cells. Current proteomic data demonstrated that exosomes could provide beneficial effects against autoimmunity and exert an immunosuppressive action, particularly in RA. Based on these observations, effective therapeutic strategies have been developed for arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory Department, University Medical Services Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Abdulmughni Alamry
- Immunology Diagnostic Laboratory Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami M Bahlas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. .,Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Qadi M, Hasosah M, Alamoudi A, AlMansour A, Alghamdi M, Alzahrani F, Alzahrani S, Khawaji B. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated With Celiac Disease: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X211052924. [PMID: 34841009 PMCID: PMC8613891 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x211052924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic relapsing disease indicated by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the small bowel. The prevalence of CeD in IBD patients is unknown. Some studies have described the coexistence of the 2 diseases in the same patient. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CeD in Saudi Arabian children with IBD. Methods. We used a retrospective study design because data can be collected immediately and is easier to analyze afterward. The study was conducted on IBD patients in the Pediatric Gastroenterology Department at National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We enrolled Saudi patients aged between 1 and 18 years who had been diagnosed with IBD and CeD based on positive biochemical serology and histology from January 2011 to January 2020. We excluded patients with immunodeficiency disorders. Results. Among the 46 enrolled patients with IBD, CeD was identified in 4, and they did not develop any relapses. We discovered that the weight at IBD diagnosis improved significantly compared to current weight (P-value < .0001). We also discovered that the height at diagnosis of IBD improved significantly compared to the current height (P-value < .0001). Additionally, we found no significant associations between UC and CeD (P-value = 1), or CD and CeD (P-value = .625). Conclusion. No significant associations were evident between the prevalence of CeD and IBD. More prospective multicenter studies are needed to clarify the prevalence of CeD in children with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh Qadi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Hasosah
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alamoudi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah AlMansour
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alzahrani
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alzahrani
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Khawaji
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Owolabi LF, Reda AA, Raafat A, M Fares DM, Enwere OO, Mba UA, Adamu B, Alghamdi M. Nerve conduction study findings and their predictors in clinically diagnosed patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in a Saudi population. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1423-1429. [PMID: 34657005 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_459_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite the reports of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) being commonplace in Saudi Arabia, there is scarcity of cross-sectional or prospective studies detailing the profile of nerve conduction study (NCS) findings in patients with CTS. Objective The study aimed to evaluate the neurophysiologic profile of CTS with the view to finding the determinant of abnormal findings in clinically diagnosed cases of CTS in a population of Saudis. Methods Nerve conduction study was performed on consecutive patients with clinically diagnosed CTS. Median sensory, ulnar sensory, radial sensory median motor and ulnar motor nerves were assessed. The nerve conduction parameters measured were median and ulnar sensory peak latency, amplitude and velocity. Median conduction velocity, distal latency, and amplitude were also measured. Comparative median-ulnar and median-ulnar-digit 4 studies were done and the severity of CTS was determined. Data was analyzed using STATA software version 12. Results A total of 152 patients, comprising 59 males and 93 females (mean age of 42.7 years) with clinically diagnosed CTS were seen during the study period. About 72.4% patients had numbness and paresthesia in the affected fingers, 66.5% had pain in the hands, and 10.5% had weakness in the affected hands. Majority of the patients (62%) had bilateral clinical features. Carpal tunnel syndrome was confirmed with NCS in 84 (55.26%) patients. Presence of weakness in the affected hand, positive Phalen' sign, and positive Tinel's sign in patients appear to predict [6.1 (1.2-30.7), 3.9 (1.2-30.2), and 4.9 (1.4-17.0) respectively] abnormal NCS findings after adjustment for age, gender and the presence of DM. Conclusion The study revealed that over half of the patients with CTS had NCS/ Electromyography (EMG) abnormalities. Presence of hand muscles weakness, positive Phalen and Tinel's signs predict abnormal findings on NCS/EMG in patients with CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Reda
- Department of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Raafat
- King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - O O Enwere
- King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - U A Mba
- King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - B Adamu
- Department of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi M, Aldosari MA, Alkhaibari A, Matyuri AS, Hajeer AH. Characterization of the novel HLA-B*57:02:01:03 allele by sequencing-based typing. HLA 2021; 98:555-556. [PMID: 34418323 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two-nucleotide changes in the 3' UTR of HLA-B*57:02:01:01 result in the novel HLA-B*57:02:01:03 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar A Aldosari
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman Alkhaibari
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Matyuri
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Hajeer
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Salem AM, Al Khathlan N, Alharbi AF, Alghamdi T, AlDuilej S, Alghamdi M, Alfudhaili M, Alsunni A, Yar T, Latif R, Rafique N, Al Asoom L, Sabit H. The Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Pneumonia on the Pulmonary Function of Survivors. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:3271-3280. [PMID: 34267545 PMCID: PMC8276825 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s319436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sequelae of COVID-19 pneumonia on pulmonary function and airways inflammation are still an area of active research. OBJECTIVE This research aimed to explore the long-term impact of COVID-19 pneumonia on the lung function after three months from recovery. METHODS Fifty subjects (age 18-60 years) were recruited and classified into two groups: the control group (30 subjects) and the post-COVID-19 pneumonia group (20 patients). Pulmonary function tests, spirometry, body plethysmography [lung volumes and airway resistance (Raw)], diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), were measured after at least 3 months post-recovery. RESULTS Significant reduction in total lung capacity (TLC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1/FEV, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was observed in post-COVID-19 subjects compared to controls. Restrictive lung impairment was observed in 50% of post-COVID-19 cases (n = 10) compared to 20% in the control group (n = 6, P = 0.026). In addition, mild diffusion defect was detected in 35% (n = 7) of the post-COVID-19 group compared to 23.3% (n = 7) in the controls (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION COVID-19 pneumonia has an impact on the lung functions in terms of restrictive lung impairment and mild diffusion defect after three months from recovery. Therefore, a long-term follow-up of the lung function in post-COVID-19 survivors is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayad Mohammed Salem
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Al Khathlan
- Department of respiratory care, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Turki Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh AlDuilej
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alfudhaili
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsunni
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talay Yar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Latif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Rafique
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubna Al Asoom
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Copeland M, Alqahtani RT, Moody J, Curdy B, Alghamdi M, Alqurashi F. When Friends Bring You Down: Peer Stress Proliferation and Suicidality. Arch Suicide Res 2021; 25:672-689. [PMID: 32264764 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1746939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Peers play a significant role in adolescent mental well-being and suicidality. While social integration among peers is often assumed to benefit mental health, a growing literature recognizes that peer relationships can increase suicidality. Conceptualizing friends' disclosure of mental distress as a stressor on teens' own mental health clarifies how distressed peers relate to suicidal ideation given integration in key social contexts, such as school. This study applies the stress process to examine peer depression and self-harm disclosure as stressors predicting teens' suicidal ideation. Using cross-sectional data from an understudied context, youth in Saudi Arabia (n = 545, 50% female, mean age = 16.8), models find friends' disclosure of depression and self-harm are associated with adolescents' higher suicidal ideation net of their own depression. Teens who are more attached to school see higher risk of suicidality from friends' depression, while friends' self-harm predicts higher suicidality overall. Results challenge assumptions of uniformly beneficial social integration by indicating that friends' mental distress, particularly self-harm, can act as a stressor increasing youth suicidality.
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AlBahrani S, Al-Tawfiq JA, Jebakumar AZ, Alghamdi M, Zakary N, Seria M, Alrowis A. Clinical Features and Outcome of Low and High Corticosteroids in Admitted COVID-19 Patients. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2021; 11:316-319. [PMID: 34270179 PMCID: PMC8435878 DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.210521.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There is no specific anti-viral therapies for 2019 Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) infection. Here, we compared patients receiving steroids at different dosages versus no steroids in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Methods: We retrospectively studied COVID-19 patients who received low-dose or high-dose corticosteroid therapy compared to no steroid. Results: The study period, June–August 2020, included 169 patients with COVID-19 were included and there were 39.1% female and 60.9% male with an average age of 53.1 years. The distribution of cases was as follows: high-dose 39 (23.1%), low-dose 54 (32.0%), and no steroid 76 (45.5%). Of all the patients, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission was for 31 (18.3%), nine (5.3%) required intubation, and 52 (30.8%) had no comorbidities. There is no difference in the mean age between the different groups. However, those being treated with steroid were more likely to have a high sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (0.37 ± 0.68, 0.36 ± 0.67 and 0.04 ± 0.34, for low-dose, high-dose steroid and no steroid groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Cox regression was not possible as the mortality rate was very low (3/169; 1.78%) and none of the multivariate methods would be possible. However, there was a significant difference in the hospital Length of stay (LOS) and the ICU LOS. Conclusion: Cox regression was not possible as the mortality rate was very low (1.78%) and none of the multivariate methods would be possible as the model will not converge. However, in t-test only, intubation was associated risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma AlBahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Infectious Disease Unit, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia.,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Zakary
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam Seria
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alrowis
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Alrayes H, Alazmi M, Alderaan K, Alghamdi M, Alghanim N, Alhazmi A, Alkhadhrawi N, Almohideb M, Attar S, Alzahrani ZA, Bedaiwi M, Zakaria N, Halabi H. AB0566 CONSENSUS-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with psoriasis. The common clinical features of PsA include peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis, spondylitis, skin and nail disease1. Considering the heterogeneous course of disease and the different patient characteristics, there is a need to standardize management of PsA patients. At present, no established guidelines are available on PsA care pathway in Saudi Arabia.Objectives:To provide consensus-based guidance to all Saudi health care providers (HCPs) on the management of PsA patients including referral pathway, definition of remission and treat-to-target approach.Methods:A Delphi technique was used to understand PsA patient care pathway. In first step, a targeted literature review was conducted and a survey questionnaire including 16 questions was developed to explore PsA patient journey. In second step, this questionnaire was submitted to 127 HCPs and 33 of them provided their response. In third step, a panel of 12 experts including 10 rheumatologists, 1 dermatologist and 1 general physician reviewed the available evidence along with survey results to align on final recommendations.Results:The most common management guidelines recommended for PsA were European League against Rheumatism (EULAR, 100% agreed) and American College of Rheumatology (ACR, 100% agreed). Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST) was recommended by 67% of experts as validated screening tool for PsA in dermatology clinic. The laboratory investigations included were C-reactive protein (CRP, 100%), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, 100%), complete blood count (92%), urea and creatinine (92%), liver function (92%), rheumatoid factor (56%) and X-ray of affected joints (75%). For patients with additional symptoms of back pain, X-ray of sacroiliac joints and human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) test to be included. Only rheumatologists should recommend a magnetic resonance imaging based on the individual clinical picture. The agreement criteria for HCPs for referring patient to a rheumatologist were presence of psoriasis (100%) and one of the following features: dactylitis [100%], joint pain [100%], arthritis [100%], nail dystrophy [91%]. Patient with active arthritis should be referred to rheumatologist within 4 weeks. The referral pathway agreed by the experts for PsA patients is presented in Figure 1. Majority of experts (57%) defined clinical remission as absence of disease activity in all facets of disease assessed using the disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA) or minimal disease activity (MDA) index. For treat-to-target, 71% of experts agreed on EULAR recommendations2. For remission and treat-to-target, experts identified a need for more clear definition.Conclusion:This expert consensus aimed to provide guidance to Saudi HCPs on standardizing diagnosis and care of PsA patients. Most experts recommended PEST as validated screening tool for PsA along with laboratory investigations such as CRP, ESR, X-ray, etc. Referral to a rheumatologist should be considered for patient with presence of psoriasis and one of the other defining features for PsA. There is a need for more clear definition of remission and treat-to-target.References:[1]Ogdie A, et al. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2015;41(4):545–568.[2]Gossec L, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79:700–712.Figure 1.Referral pathway for psoriatic arthritis patients CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CBC: Complete blood count; HLA-B27: Human leukocyte antigen B27; PEST: Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening ToolAcknowledgements:This project was supported by Novartis Saudi Ltd., Saudi Arabia and the Saudi Society for Rheumatology. We would also like to thank Dr. Xenofon Baraliakos for his support.Disclosure of Interests:Hanan Alrayes: None declared., Mansour Alazmi Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Abbvie, Khaled Alderaan: None declared., Mushabab Alghamdi: None declared., Nayef Alghanim: None declared., Ahmed Alhazmi: None declared., Nadeer Alkhadhrawi: None declared., Mohammad Almohideb Speakers bureau: Novartis, Abbvie, Celgene, Lilly, Jansen and Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Sanofi and Abbvie, Suzan Attar Speakers bureau: Lectures in symposium about different diseases in rheumatology and management, Grant/research support from: Research in recruiting patient, Zyad ahmed Alzahrani Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Novartis, MSD, Janssen, Abbvie, Lilly, Consultant of: Pfizer, Novartis, MSD, Janssen, Abbvie, Lilly, Mohamed Bedaiwi: None declared., Nancy Zakaria Employee of: Novartis, Hussein Halabi: None declared.
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Alghamdi M, Alghamdi AS, Aljedai A, Khathlan AA, Masri NA, Qutub A, Quaiz MA, Sanai F, Subahi G, Sulimani S. Revealing Hepatitis B Virus as a Silent Killer: A Call-to-Action for Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2021; 13:e14811. [PMID: 34094765 PMCID: PMC8170052 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was the first country in the Middle East to adopt the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine. Despite an expanded HBV immunization program and significant progress in HBV prevention in the country, HBV infection is a significant public health burden. This review lists coordinated solutions for healthcare stakeholders, patients, and health authorities to curb HBV and its impact in KSA. It further aims to draw policymakers' attention to key priorities to bridge HBV care gaps in the country. METHODS As part of the pre-engagement activity, medical experts across KSA were interviewed to gain a preliminary understanding of the current unmet needs in HBV management in the country. Top-recommended action points derived from the pre-engagement activity were discussed. Key priority action points to curb the impact of HBV in KSA were identified. RESULTS The priority action points together with the challenges and unmet needs in the management and care of HBV in KSA were: (a) establish a national-level registry, (b) implement screening campaigns, (c) improve linkage of care between primary care physicians (PCPs) and specialists, and (d) increase PCP education and awareness. CONCLUSION This work is an endeavor to set the stage for a strategic policy framework aimed at eliminating HBV in KSA. The action points/steps for the identified priorities must run parallelly across various regions in KSA, to successfully manage and further eliminate the threat of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dahran, SAU
| | - Abdullah S Alghamdi
- Medical Department/Gastroenterology Unit, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ahmed Aljedai
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah A Khathlan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nasser A Masri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Adel Qutub
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mohammed A Quaiz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal Sanai
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ghadi Subahi
- Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAU
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Abaalkhail FA, Al-Hamoudi WK, Khathlan A, Alghamdi S, Alghamdi M, Alqahtani SA, Sanai FM. SASLT practice guidelines for the management of Hepatitis B virus - An update. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:115-126. [PMID: 33976009 PMCID: PMC8265399 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_539_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains an important public health problem with a high burden worldwide. The Saudi Association for the Study of Liver diseases and Transplantation formed a working group to develop HBV practice guidelines in Saudi Arabia. The methodology used to develop these guidelines was based on reviewing the available evidence, local data, and major international practice guidelines on the management of HBV. The aim of these guidelines is to assist healthcare providers in the management of HBV in Saudi Arabia. These updated guidelines summarize the latest local studies performed on HBV epidemiology, major changes in the prevalence of this virus, and advances in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A. Abaalkhail
- Gastroenterology Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed K. Al-Hamoudi
- Liver Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Khathlan
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Department of Medicine, Liver Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Faisal M. Sanai
- Liver Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Tashkandi E, Al-Abdulwahab A, Basulaiman B, Alsharm A, Al-Hajeili M, Alshadadi F, Halawani L, Al-Mansour M, Alquzi B, Barnawi S, Alghamdi M, Abdelaziz N, Azher R. Mortality and morbidity of curative and palliative anticancer treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicenter population-based retrospective study. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:82. [PMID: 33758663 PMCID: PMC7947946 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of effective anticancer treatments should continue during pandemics. However, the outcomes of curative and palliative anticancer treatments during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic remain unclear. The present retrospective observational study aimed to determine the 30-day mortality and morbidity of curative and palliative anticancer treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Between March 1 and June 30, 2020, all adults (n=2,504) with solid and hematological malignancies irrespective of cancer stage and type of anticancer treatments at five large comprehensive cancer centers in Saudi Arabia were included. The 30-day mortality was 5.1% (n=127) for all patients receiving anticancer treatment, 1.8% (n=24) for curative intent, 8.6% (n=103) for palliative intent and 13.4% (n=12) for COVID-19 cases. The 30-day morbidity was 28.2% (n=705) for all patients, 17.9% (n=234) for curative intent, 39.3% (n=470) for palliative intent and 75% (n=77) for COVID-19 cases. The 30-day mortality was significantly increased with male sex [odds ratio (OR), 2.011; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.141-3.546; P=0.016], body mass index (BMI) <25 (OR, 1.997; 95% CI, 1.292-3.087; P=0.002), hormone therapy (OR, 6.315; 95% CI, 0.074-2.068; P=0.001) and number of cycles (OR, 2.110; 95% CI, 0.830-0.948; P=0.001), but decreased with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) of 0-1 (OR, 0.157; 95% CI, 0.098-0.256; P=0.001), stage I-II cancer (OR, 0.254; 95% CI, 0.069-0.934; P=0.039) and curative intent (OR, 0.217; 95% CI, 0.106-0.443; P=0.001). Furthermore, the 30-day morbidity significantly increased with age >65 years (OR, 1.420; 95% CI, 1.075-1.877; P=0.014), BMI <25 (OR, 1.484; 95% CI, 1.194-1.845; P=0.001), chemotherapy (OR, 1.397; 95% CI, 1.089-5.438; P=0.032), hormone therapy (OR, 1.527; 95% CI, 0.211-1.322; P=0.038) and immunotherapy (OR, 1.859; 95% CI, 0.648-4.287; P=0.038), but decreased with ECOG-PS of 0-1 (OR, 0.502; 95% CI, 0.399-0.632; P=0.001), breast cancer (OR, 0.569; 95% CI, 0.387-0.836; P=0.004) and curative intent (OR, 0.410; 95% CI, 0.296-0.586; P=0.001). The mortality risk was lowest with curative treatments. Therefore, such treatments should not be delayed. The morbidity risk doubled with palliative treatments and was highest among COVID-19 cases. Mortality appeared to be driven by male sex, BMI <25, hormonal therapy and number of cycles, while morbidity increased with age >65 years, BMI <25, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, oncologists should select the most effective anticancer treatments based on the aforementioned factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Tashkandi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Al-Abdulwahab
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Basulaiman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsharm
- Department of Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Al-Hajeili
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alshadadi
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Halawani
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Al-Mansour
- Department of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Western Region, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Alquzi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Western Region, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Barnawi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Western Region, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa Abdelaziz
- Department of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqayya Azher
- Community Medicine Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Sanai FM, Alghamdi M, Dugan E, Alalwan A, Al-Hamoudi W, Abaalkhail F, AlMasri N, Razavi-Shearer D, Razavi H, Schmelzer J, Alfaleh FZ. A tool to measure the economic impact of Hepatitis B elimination: A case study in Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13:1715-1723. [PMID: 32988769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No virologic cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and existing therapies are designed to control viral replication. We aimed to estimate the national prevalence of HBsAg in 2017 and study the impact of an enhanced diagnosis rate and universal treatment administration on HBV-related outcomes in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A dynamic transmission and disease burden model was developed to estimate the future economic burden of HBV infection. The infected population was tracked by age and gender-defined cohorts; direct costs (healthcare, screening, diagnostics and treatment) and indirect costs (disability-adjusted life years and the value of a statistical life year) were calculated. The impact of two intervention scenarios (Achieve WHO Targets: diagnose 90% of infections and treat 80% of high viral load patients by 2030; and Diagnose and Treat All: diagnose and treat all infected patients by 2022) were compared against the Base Case scenario (no policy action), with near-universal vaccination coverage rates held constant. A sensitivity analysis of future treatment cost was also conducted. RESULTS In 2017, HBsAg prevalence was estimated at 1.7%, corresponding to 574,000 infections. The same year, there was an estimated incidence of 490 cases of decompensated cirrhosis, 1500 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 1740 liver-related deaths (LRD). HBsAg prevalence was 0.1% among 5-year-olds and <0.1% among infants. Disease burden outcomes by 2030, as compared with 2015, were as follows - Base Case: LRDs and HCC incidence were projected to increase by 70%. WHO Targets: A 30-35% decline in both HCC incidence and LRDs. Diagnose and Treat All: A 50-55% decline in HCC incidence and LRDs. In all scenarios, HBsAg prevalence among infants and 5-year-olds declined to <0.1% with the Diagnose and Treat all scenario resulting in a prevalence approaching zero in this age group. Annual direct costs are projected to increase and peak by 2022 in both intervention scenarios due to expansion of treatment and diagnostics. However, these are offset by the reduction of indirect economic costs, starting immediately in the WHO Targets scenario and by 2023 in the strategy to diagnose and treat all. Achieving WHO Targets is estimated to achieve a positive return on investment (ROI) by 2021 when examining direct costs and indirect economic losses at a treatment price of $2700 USD per patient yearly. Diagnosing and treating all patients, however, would require at least a 50% reduction in the unit cost of treatment to achieve a positive ROI by 2029. CONCLUSIONS Increased diagnosis and treatment rates of HBV would lead to substantial declines in HCC and LRD. This effect would be dramatically enhanced by administering treatment to all HBV cases regardless of viral load and estimated to be highly cost-effective if treatment prices can be substantially reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal M Sanai
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ellen Dugan
- Center for Disease Analysis Foundation, Lafayette, CO, USA
| | - Abduljaleel Alalwan
- Department of Organ Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al-Hamoudi
- Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Division of Organ Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Liver Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Abaalkhail
- Department of Liver Transplantation, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser AlMasri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Homie Razavi
- Center for Disease Analysis Foundation, Lafayette, CO, USA
| | | | - Faleh Z Alfaleh
- Liver Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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44
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Alburaq M, AlSebaiheen F, Alshubaili A, Alghamdi M, Hajeer AH. Novel HLA-B*81:02:02 allele identified in a Saudi individual. HLA 2020; 96:644-645. [PMID: 32882097 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HLA-B*81:02:02 differs from HLA-B*81:02 by a synonymous substitution in exon 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alburaq
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrah AlSebaiheen
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshubaili
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Hajeer
- HLA Typing Lab, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KSAU-HS, MNGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alghamdi M. Cross-cultural validation and psychometric properties of the Arabic Brief COPE in Saudi population. Med J Malaysia 2020; 75:502-509. [PMID: 32918417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coping strategies for stress tend to vary in different cultural. The Brief COPE (BC) is the most commonly used self-report instrument to identify the types of coping strategies used which has a total of 14 strategies with 28 items. The aim of this study was to translate into Arabic and validate the Brief COPE scale in the Saudi Arabian population. METHODS A cross-sectional method was used to assess the reliability, validity, and cultural appropriateness of the Arabic version of the Brief COPE (A-BC) among 302 males and females (33.8% females). RESULTS The test-retest reliability was strong at 0.8, and the principal component factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure, namely 'active coping', 'passive coping', and 'support-seeking', with Composite Reliability scores of 0.84, 0.75, and 0.81 respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable factors structure. CONCLUSION The 3-factor structure of the A-BC was found to be a valid and reliable instrument among the Saudi population. This makes the scale useful in both clinical practice and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alghamdi
- Taif University, University College-Tarabah, Division of Education Sciences, P.O. Box 888, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia.
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Abstract
Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) are a group of serious conditions that are characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and are often associated with acute kidney injury as well as neurologic abnormalities. There are multiple causes of TMA. TMA in a transplant patient is often attributed to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) use and is usually treated with discontinuation of the drug. We report a case of TMA in a liver transplant patient who did not respond to CNI discontinuation or plasmapheresis but had great response to shorter than usual course of eculizumab. Eculizumab is a monoclonal antibody that prevents c5 cleavage and indirectly inhibits the formation of the membrane attack complex. Clinical response was sustained for nine months after discontinuation of eculizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Bhatti
- Internal Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
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47
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Alghamdi M, Mathew T, Breaux A, Chopra H. Goblet Cell Adenocarcinoma With Heterotopic Ossification: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature. Cureus 2020; 12:e8312. [PMID: 32607295 PMCID: PMC7320657 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic bone formation is a rare phenomenon when associated with gastrointestinal neoplasms. Here we present a rare case of heterotopic ossification associated with goblet cell adenocarcinoma of the appendix, and a literature review of such cases associated with neoplasms within and out of the gastrointestinal tracts. We reviewed the clinical data and when available, immunohistochemical markers of osteoblastic differentiation. Our review shows similar findings to prior reports of apparent high association of heterotopic bone formation with neoplasms with mucinous features. Two, previously proposed main hypotheses of the mechanisms are reviewed. The unique feature about this case is that goblet cell adenocarcinoma was not reported previously in the setting of bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
| | - Tiffani Mathew
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Andrea Breaux
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Harpreet Chopra
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
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48
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Al-Judaibi B, Almaghrabi R, Alghamdi M, Al-Hamoudi WK, AlQahtani M, Abaalkhail F, Shagrani M, Sanai FM. Saudi association for the study of liver diseases and transplantation position statement on liver transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:233-239. [PMID: 32341229 PMCID: PMC7739988 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_131_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO), on March 11th 2020, upgraded the status of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from epidemic to pandemic. Over two million individuals have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, and as of April, 14th 2020, there were over 5000 confirmed cases in Saudi Arabia (SA). Many countries, including SA, have imposed major restrictions on travel, and everyday life, and the implications of these necessary changes are being felt in liver transplant (LT) centers in SA. Concerns remain that there is an increased risk for individuals over 65 years of age, with underlying medical conditions, or for those who are immunocompromised. Therefore, the Saudi Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and Transplantation (SASLT) established an urgent task force to launch a statement that can be utilized by LT centers as a guidance in the management of patients with advanced liver disease from the time of LT listing to the post-operative care of transplanted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Al-Judaibi
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United Sates of America,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United Sates of America,Address for correspondence: Dr. Bandar Al-Judaibi, University of Rochester, 500 Joseph C. Wilson Blvd., Rochester, NY - 14627, United Sates of America. E-mail:
| | - Reem Almaghrabi
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed AlQahtani
- Multiorgan Transplant Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Abaalkhail
- Multiorgan Transplant Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Shagrani
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Liver Transplantation and Organ Transplant Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M. Sanai
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
A 57-year-old male with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophageal strictures presented with melena and abdominal pain. He underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which revealed a 5-cm duodenal bulb mass causing partial obstruction of the gastric outlet. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a 5-cm, hypoechoic lesion, arising from the mucosal layer, with a large blood vessel feeding the lesion. Biopsy revealed benign Brunner's gland hyperplasia. The large mass was causing symptomatic obstruction of the pylorus and iron deficiency anemia, and had risk for malignant transformation. Due to its size it was not amenable to endoscopic removal. Subsequently, he underwent exploratory laparotomy with pyloroplasty, duodenotomy and partial duodenal resection. Surgical pathology showed Brunner's gland hyperplasia and was negative for malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Bhatti
- Internal Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
| | - Mohammed Alghamdi
- Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
| | - Endashaw Omer
- Gastroenterology, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
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Alghamdi M, Al Ghamdi KA, Khan RH, Uversky VN, Redwan EM. An interplay of structure and intrinsic disorder in the functionality of peptidylarginine deiminases, a family of key autoimmunity-related enzymes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4635-4662. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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