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Grzeszczak K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Malinowski W, Ziętek P, Kosik-Bogacka D. Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1768. [PMID: 38136639 PMCID: PMC10741771 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increased interest in the role of oxidative stress (OS) in pregnancy. Pregnancy inherently heightens susceptibility to OS, a condition fueled by a systemic inflammatory response that culminates in an elevated presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the circulatory system. The amplified OS in pregnancy can trigger a series of detrimental outcomes such as underdevelopment, abnormal placental function, and a host of pregnancy complications, including pre-eclampsia, embryonic resorption, recurrent pregnancy loss, fetal developmental anomalies, intrauterine growth restriction, and, in extreme instances, fetal death. The body's response to mitigate the uncontrolled increase in RNS/ROS levels requires trace elements that take part in non-enzymatic and enzymatic defense processes, namely, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se). Determination of ROS concentrations poses a challenge due to their short half-lives, prompting the use of marker proteins, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). These markers, indicative of oxidative stress intensity, can offer indirect assessments of pregnancy complications. Given the limitations of conducting experimental studies on pregnant women, animal models serve as valuable substitutes for in-depth research. This review of such models delves into the mechanism of OS in pregnancy and underscores the pivotal role of OS markers in their evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Grzeszczak
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (N.Ł.-A.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Witold Malinowski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Masovian. Public University in Płock, Plac Dąbrowskiego 2, 09-402 Płock, Poland;
| | - Paweł Ziętek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Orthopaedic Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Kot K, Kupnicka P, Tarnowski M, Tomasiak P, Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. The role of apoptosis and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of Acanthamoeba spp. infection in the kidneys of hosts with different immunological status. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:445. [PMID: 38041167 PMCID: PMC10693070 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthamoeba spp. are opportunistic pathogens that cause inflammation, mostly in the brain, lungs and cornea. Recent reports indicate kidney dysfunction in hosts with systemic acanthamoebiasis. The aim of the study was to analyze the gene expression and protein concentration of NADPH oxidase 2 and 4 (NOX2 and NOX4, respectively) and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in the kidneys of hosts with systemic acanthamoebiasis. We also aimed to determine the protein and gene expressions of Bcl2, Bax, caspases 3 and 9. METHODS Mice were divided into four groups based on their immunological status and Acanthamoeba sp. infection: A, immunocompetent Acanthamoeba sp.-infected mice; AS, immunosuppressed Acanthamoeba sp.- infected mice; C, immunocompetent uninfected mice; CS, immunosuppressed uninfected mice. NOX2, NOX4 and Nrf2 were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA methods, while pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bcl-2, respectively), Cas9, Cas3 were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot methods. RESULTS: Increased gene expression and/or protein concentration of NOX2 and NOX4 were found in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice infected with Acanthamoeba sp. (groups A and AS, respectively). Gene expression and/or protein concentration of Nrf2 were higher in group A than in control animals. Compared to control mice, in the AS group the expression of the Nrf2 gene was upregulated while the concentration of Nrf2 protein was decreased. Additionally in A group, higher gene and protein expression of Bcl-2, and lower gene as well as protein expression of Bax, caspases 3 and 9 were noted. In contrast, the AS group showed lower gene and protein expression of Bcl-2, and higher gene as well as protein expression of Bax, caspases 3 and 9. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to address the mechanisms occurring in the kidneys of hosts infected with Acanthamoeba sp. The contact of Acanthamoeba sp. with the host cell surface and/or the oxidative burst caused by elevated levels of NOXs lead to an antioxidant response enhanced by the Nrf2 pathway. Acanthamoeba sp. have various strategies concerning apoptosis. In immunocompetent hosts, amoebae inhibit the apoptosis of kidney cells, and in immunosuppressed hosts, they lead to increased apoptosis by the intrinsic pathway and thus to a more severe course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Tomasiak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Pyzia J, Mańkowska K, Czepita M, Kot K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Czepita D, Kosik-Bogacka DI. Demodex Species and Culturable Microorganism Co-Infestations in Patients with Blepharitis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1827. [PMID: 37763231 PMCID: PMC10533081 DOI: 10.3390/life13091827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the prevalence of Demodex spp. and bacterial infection in patients with blepharitis and also to investigate the relationship between culturable microorganisms and Demodex spp. in this study. The study included patients diagnosed with blepharitis (n = 128) and volunteers without ocular problems (n = 113). Eyelash sampling was performed by epilating eight lashes, which were then tested for Demodex spp. using a light microscope. The examination consisted of assessing the patient's vision with and without ocular correction and tonus in both eyes and a careful examination of the anterior segment of both eyes. Bacterial identification was performed based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical methods. The prevalence of Demodex spp. was 8.0% in patients from the control group and all patients with blepharitis. Isolated forms of Demodex spp. were detected in all infested patients in the control group and in 58% of patients with blepharitis. A total of 35% of patients with blepharitis had from three to nine forms of Demodex spp., and 7% of patients with blepharitis had more than 10 mites in every field of vision. We found a statistically significant relationship between Demodex spp. infestation and the occurrence of eye dryness and sensations of burning and tearing, redness of the conjunctiva, feeling of a foreign body, loss of eyelashes, Meibomian gland dysfunction, and cylindrical dandruff. There were statistically significant relationships between Demodex sp. infestation and the presence of hyperopia, Meibomian cysts, chronic eyelid inflammation, and the use of eyeglasses. There was also a statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of Demodex spp. and seborrheic dermatitis and diabetes mellitus. Culturable microorganisms of the ocular surface were found in 8.7% of participants who were uninfested and in all patients infested with D. folliculorum. We isolated Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Bacillus spp. from the conjunctival sac only in patients infested with D. folliculorum. This indicates an increased probability of colonization by pathogenic bacteria in patients with demodicosis. Therefore, patients infested with D. folliculorum should undergo a microbiological examination of conjunctival swabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pyzia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Independent Provincial Public Integrated Hospital “Arkońska”, Arkońska 4, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Mańkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Maciej Czepita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Damian Czepita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta I. Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkpolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kot K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Kupnicka P, Przydalska D, Łanocha A, Chlubek D, Wojciechowska-Koszko I, Kosik-Bogacka DI. Macroelement and Microelement Levels in the Urine in Experimental Acanthamoebiasis. Pathogens 2023; 12:1039. [PMID: 37623999 PMCID: PMC10458488 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12081039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Free-living amoebas can impact the excretion of macroelements and microelements in urine. The aim of the present study was to examine the concentrations of macroelements, including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), as well as microelements such as manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and chromium (Cr), in the urine during acanthamoebiasis while considering the host's immunological status. This is the first study to show an increase in urinary excretion of Ca, Mn, Cu, Fe, Na, and Cr, along with a decreased excretion of K, in immunocompetent mice 16 days post Acanthamoeba sp. infection. In the final phase of infection (24 dpi), there was a further decrease in urinary K excretion and a lower level of P in Acanthamoeba sp. infected immunocompetent hosts. During acanthamoebiasis in immunosuppressed hosts, increased excretion of Zn, Fe, and Cr was observed at the beginning of the infection, and increased Na excretion only at 16 days post Acanthamoeba sp. infection. Additionally, host immunosuppression affected the concentration of Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ca in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (N.Ł.-A.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (N.Ł.-A.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (I.B.-B.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (I.B.-B.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Dagmara Przydalska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (N.Ł.-A.); (K.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Łanocha
- Department of Haematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (I.B.-B.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Izabela Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
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Grzeszczak K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Simińska DK, Lebdowicz-Knul J, Kwiatkowski SK, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Chlubek D, Kosik-Bogacka DI. The Trace Element Concentrations and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Afterbirths from Women with Multiple Pregnancies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050797. [PMID: 37238667 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the intensity of oxidative stress by measuring the concentrations of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) in fetal membrane, umbilical cord, and placenta samples obtained from women with multiple pregnancies. Additionally, the effectiveness of protection against oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR). Due to the role of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) as cofactors for antioxidant enzymes, the concentrations of these elements were also analyzed in the studied afterbirths. The obtained data were compared with newborn parameters, selected environmental factors, and the health status of women during pregnancy to determine the relationship between oxidative stress and the health of women and their offspring during pregnancy. The study involved women (n = 22) with multiple pregnancies and their newborns (n = 45). The Fe, Zn, and Cu levels in the placenta, umbilical cord, and fetal membrane were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) using an ICAP 7400 Duo system. Commercial assays were used to determine SOD, GPx, GR, CAT, and LPO activity levels. The determinations were made spectrophotometrically. The present study also investigated the relationships between trace element concentrations in fetal membrane, placenta, and umbilical cord samples and various maternal and infant parameters in women. Notably, a strong positive correlation was observed between Cu and Zn concentrations in the fetal membrane (p = 0.66) and between Zn and Fe concentrations in the placenta (p = 0.61). The fetal membrane Zn concentration exhibited a negative correlation with shoulder width (p = -0.35), while the placenta Cu concentration was positively correlated with placenta weight (p = 0.46) and shoulder width (p = 0.36). The umbilical cord Cu level was positively correlated with head circumference (p = 0.36) and birth weight (p = 0.35), while the placenta Fe concentration was positively correlated with placenta weight (p = 0.33). Furthermore, correlations were determined between the parameters of antioxidative stress (GPx, GR, CAT, SOD) and oxidative stress (LPO) and the parameters of infants and maternal characteristics. A negative correlation was observed between Fe and LPO product concentrations in the fetal membrane (p = -0.50) and placenta (p = -0.58), while the Cu concentration positively correlated with SOD activity in the umbilical cord (p = 0.55). Given that multiple pregnancies are associated with various complications, such as preterm birth, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and placental and umbilical cord abnormalities, research in this area is crucial for preventing obstetric failures. Our results could serve as comparative data for future studies. However, we advise caution when interpreting our results, despite achieving statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Grzeszczak
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Donata Kinga Simińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Lebdowicz-Knul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Karol Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Izabela Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Wojtkowiak-Giera A, Derda M, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kolasa A, Kot K, Walczykiewicz J, Solarczyk P, Kosik-Bogacka D. The Immunological Changes in the Skin of BALC/c Mice with Disseminated Acanthamoebiasis. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050631. [PMID: 37242301 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are involved in the recognition of numerous pathogens, including Acanthamoeba spp. Thanks to this, it is possible for immune cells to recognize microorganisms and trigger the body's innate immune response. The stimulation of TLRs also leads to the activation of specific immunity. The aim of the study was to determine the TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression in the skin of BALC/c mice infected with Acanthamoeba with AM22 strain isolated from a patient. Receptor expression was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in the amoeba-infected host with normal (A) and reduced immunity (AS) as well as in the control host with normal immunity (C) and reduced immunity (CS). Statistical analysis of TLR2 gene expression in A and AS groups compared to C and CS groups, respectively, were statistically insignificant. In the A group, we found statistical upregulation of TLR4 gene expression at 8 dpi compared to the C group. While in AS group, TLR4 gene expression was at a similar level, such as in the CS group. Taking into account the host's immune status, the TLR4 gene expression was statistically higher in the skin of host from A group than in host from AS group at the beginning of the infection. Increased TLR4 gene expression in hosts with normal immunity infected with Acanthamoeba suggests the involvement of the studied receptor in the course of acanthamoebiasis. The above research results provide new data on the involvement of the studied receptor in the skin in the host's immune defense triggered during the Acanthamoeba infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Derda
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Walczykiewicz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Solarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Kalisińska E, Kot K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. Red fox as a potential bioindicator of metal contamination in a European environment. Chemosphere 2023; 319:138037. [PMID: 36736471 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In times of widespread environmental pollution with heavy metals of anthropogenic origin and the increasing dynamics of this process, it is justified to collect as much data as possible on the concentration of metals in terrestial mammals from unpolluted areas. The purpose of this research was to present the concentration of essential (chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc), probably essential (nickel, vanadium) and non-esential element (cadmium, lead, silver, strontium, and tin) in the liver, kidneys, muscles and brain of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) inhabiting north-western Poland. We revealed that the concentration of all metals, apart from Ni, was different between studied tissues. Sn and Mo have the highest affinity to the liver, whereas Ag, Sr, Cr had higher concentrations in the brain than in other organs. Various positive relationship between the concentrations of metals were observed in the tissues. Moreover, we noted negative correlations between Ag and Sn in the kidneys and brain, and between Cu and Ag in the liver. In our study the red fox was used as biomonitor for the assessment of exposure of carnivores to metals, in the generally unpolluted areas of Central Europe. Data presented in the report may be used as comparative values in similar ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Kalisińska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
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Łanocha A, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Wilczyńska D, Zdziarska B, Kosik-Bogacka D. Protozoan Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102847. [PMID: 35628973 PMCID: PMC9146298 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of gastrointestinal protozoan infection in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) undergoing intensive hemato-oncological treatment and to determine the influence of certain biological factors on the incidence of intestinal parasite infection. Stool samples were collected from hematological malignancy patients (n = 50) hospitalized at the Department of Hematology and Transplantology of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin. The control group consisted of 50 healthy participants. We used a direct smear examination and a commercial immunoenzymatic test. Intestinal protozoans were detected in 16% of patients with hematological malignancies and in 6% of individuals in the control group. In stool samples from patients with HM, cysts of Giardia intestinalis (2%), oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. (10%), vacuolar forms of potentially pathogenic Blastocystis spp. (2%), and cysts of nonpathogenic Entamoeba coli (2%) were found. Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia intestinalis coproantigens were detected in 5 (10%) and 1 (2%) patients with HM, respectively. In three participants from the control group, vacuolar forms of Blastocystis spp. were found. In the patients with HM, a significantly higher prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was found in individuals working in the garden without protective gloves and those in contact with animals. In patients with hematological malignancies, intestinal parasites should be excluded, even during intensive chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Łanocha
- Department of Hematology with Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-242 Szczecin, Poland; (A.Ł.); (B.Z.)
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dominika Wilczyńska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Zdziarska
- Department of Hematology with Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-242 Szczecin, Poland; (A.Ł.); (B.Z.)
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
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Kosik-Bogacka D, Lepczyńska M, Kot K, Szkup M, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Dzika E, Grochans E. Prevalence, subtypes and risk factors of Blastocystis spp. infection among pre- and perimenopausal women. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1125. [PMID: 34724915 PMCID: PMC8559403 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blastocystis spp. are considered pathogenic or commensal organisms, although the majority of researchers suggest that these are neglected pathogens. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis spp. in pre- and perimenopausal women, with respect to socio-demographic (age and place of residence), and epidemiological factors, as well as drinking tap water, contact with domestic animals, traveling abroad, health status, and presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, the objective was to compare hematological and biochemical parameters of Blastocystis spp. infected and uninfected women. Methods The study included 425 women aged 45–60. Their stool samples were examined microscopically and analyzed by a conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR). Results Blastocystis spp. were detected in 6.1% of pre- and perimenopausal women. Molecular analysis of the stool samples identified seven Blastocystis subtypes (ST1–ST4, ST6, ST7, and ST9). Blastocystis subtypes 2 and 3 were the most prevalent. The presence of Blastocystis spp. was not significantly related to socio-demographic and epidemiological factors. There were also no significant associations between Blastocystis spp. and blood parameters, or gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion This study complements the limited available data on the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in pre- and perimenopausal women. It is also the first report showing the presence of Blastocystis subtype 9 in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lepczyńska
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, University of Warmia and Mazury, Żołnierska 14 C, 10-561, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Dzika
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, University of Warmia and Mazury, Żołnierska 14 C, 10-561, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
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10
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Tomska N, Kosik-Bogacka DI, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Szylińska A, Kotfis K, Sipak-Szmigiel O, Rotter I. Relationship between concentrations of elements and geographic location in Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med 2021; 28:283-290. [PMID: 34184512 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/120629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interactions occur between concentrations of metals in the human body and the environment in various geographic locations, which can be of importance for both the proper development and the course of pregnancy. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the concentrations of Zn, Cu and Cd and Zn:Cu and Zn:Cd molar ratios in the placenta, umbilical cord and in the foetal membrane, and to examine the relationship between concentrations of these elements and the place of residence. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research material was obtained from 99 healthy women from north-western and central Poland. Data for the study were collected from the medical history and documents of admission to the ward and documents confirming the birth of the newborn. Concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) were determined using the ICP-AES method (spectrophotometry of atomic absorption) in inductively coupled argon plasma. RESULTS The average concentration of Zn, Cu and Cd in afterbirths was ~ 0.01 mg/kg of dry weight (dw). In central Poland, the results revealed a significant increase in zinc in the membrane (OR=1.098, p=0.002), cadmium in the placenta (OR=1.324, p=0.006), Zn:Cu in the membrane (OR=1.012, p<0.001). In north-western Poland, an increase in copper in the membrane (OR=1.239, p=0.025) was revealed. CONCLUSIONS The use biological materials, such as the placenta, foetal membrane and umbilical cord to assess exposure to heavy metals and necessary elements is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tomska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Izabela Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Szylińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotfis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Acute Intoxications, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Olimpia Sipak-Szmigiel
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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11
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Kot K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Ptak M, Łanocha A, Kalisińska E, Kosik-Bogacka D. Pathomechanisms in the Kidneys in Selected Protozoan Parasitic Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4209. [PMID: 33921746 PMCID: PMC8073708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, malaria, toxoplasmosis, and acanthamoebiasis are protozoan parasitic infections. They remain important contributors to the development of kidney disease, which is associated with increased patients' morbidity and mortality. Kidney injury mechanisms are not fully understood in protozoan parasitic diseases, bringing major difficulties to specific therapeutic interventions. The aim of this review is to present the biochemical and molecular mechanisms in kidneys infected with Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Acanthamoeba spp. We present available mechanisms of an immune response, oxidative stress, apoptosis process, hypoxia, biomarkers of renal injury in the serum or urine, and the histopathological changes of kidneys infected with the selected parasites. Pathomechanisms of Leishmania spp. and Plasmodium spp. infections have been deeply investigated, while Toxoplasma gondii and Acanthamoeba spp. infections in the kidneys are not well known yet. Deeper knowledge of kidney involvement in leishmaniasis and malaria by presenting their mechanisms provides insight into how to create novel and effective treatments. Additionally, the presented work shows gaps in the pathophysiology of renal toxoplasmosis and acanthamoebiasis, which need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.); (E.K.)
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.); (E.K.)
| | - Michał Ptak
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Łanocha
- Department of Haematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Kalisińska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.); (E.K.)
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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12
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Ciosek Ż, Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Rotter I. The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue. Biomolecules 2021; 11:506. [PMID: 33800689 PMCID: PMC8066206 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bones are metabolically active organs. Their reconstruction is crucial for the proper functioning of the skeletal system during bone growth and remodeling, fracture healing, and maintaining calcium-phosphorus homeostasis. The bone metabolism and tissue properties are influenced by trace elements that may act either indirectly through the regulation of macromineral metabolism, or directly by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation or activity, or through becoming part of the bone mineral matrix. This study analyzes the skeletal impact of macroelements (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus), microelements (fluorine), and heavy metals (lead), and discusses the concentration of each of these elements in the various bone tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Ciosek
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (Ż.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (Ż.C.); (I.R.)
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Kot K, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kosik-Bogacka D. Immunopathogenicity of Acanthamoeba spp. in the Brain and Lungs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1261. [PMID: 33514026 PMCID: PMC7865479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-living amoebas, including Acanthamoeba spp., are widely distributed in soil, water, and air. They are capable of causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis, Acanthamoeba pneumonia, Acanthamoeba keratitis, and disseminated acanthamoebiasis. Despite low occurrence worldwide, the mortality rate of Acanthamoeba spp. infections is very high, especially in immunosuppressed hosts. Acanthamoeba infections are a medical problem, owing to limited improvement in diagnostics and treatment, which is associated with incomplete knowledge of pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and the host immune response against Acanthamoeba spp. infection. The aim of this review is to present the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of Acanthamoeba spp.-host interactions, including the expression of Toll-like receptors, mechanisms of an immune response, the activity of metalloproteinases, the secretion of antioxidant enzymes, and the expression and activity of cyclooxygenases. We show the relationship between Acanthamoeba spp. and the host at the cellular level and host defense reactions that lead to changes in the selected host's organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Wojtkowiak-Giera A, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:480. [PMID: 32958053 PMCID: PMC7507663 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoeba spp. are cosmopolitan protozoans that cause infections in the brain, as well as extracerebral infections in the cornea, lungs and skin. Little is known about the mechanisms of the immunological response to these parasites in organs which are not their main biotope. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the kidneys and heart of Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice, with respect to the host’s immunological status. Methods The mice were grouped into four groups: immunocompetent control mice; immunosuppressed control mice; immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice; and immunosuppressed Acanthamoeba spp. infected mice. In the study, we used the amoebae T16 genotype which was isolated from a patient. The TLRs expressions in the kidneys and heart of mice were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, we visualized TLR2 and TLR4 proteins in the organs by immunohistochemical staining. Results In the kidneys, we observed a higher TLR2 expression in immunosuppressed mice at 24 days post-Acanthamoeba spp. infection (dpi) compared to the uninfected mice. There were no statistically significant differences in TLR4 expression in the kidneys between the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice, both of infected and uninfected mice. In the heart, we observed a difference in TLR2 expression in immunocompetent mice at 24 dpi compared to immunocompetent mice at 8 dpi. The immunocompetent Acanthamoeba spp.-infected mice had higher TLR4 expression at 8 dpi compared to the immunocompetent uninfected mice. Conclusions Our results indicate that TLR2 is involved in response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection in the kidneys, whereas in the heart, both studied TLRs are involved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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15
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Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Kupnicka P, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. Antioxidant defense in the eyes of immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:123. [PMID: 32143731 PMCID: PMC7060556 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-3979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoeba spp. are ubiquitous pathogens which cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and disseminated infection. Moreover, Acanthamoeba spp. infection of the cornea leads to Acanthamoeba keratitis. Our previous study showed that the infection of an eyeball may also take place via the migration of trophozoites through the optic nerve from the brain to the eyes. The aim of the study was to analyze the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and the concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidant in the eyes of immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice with disseminated acanthamoebiasis. Results In the immunocompetent mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp. we noted a significant decrease in catalase activity at 8 and 16 days post-infection (dpi). Glutathione reductase activity was significantly lower at 16 dpi compared to the control group and glutathione concentration was statistically higher at 24 dpi than in the control group. In the immunosuppressed mice, a statistically significant increase in glutathione concentration in the eye samples was found at 16 dpi compared to those not infected with Acanthamoeba spp. In the immunosuppressed mice infected with Acanthamoeba spp., glutathione peroxidase activity was statistically lower at 8 dpi, and glutathione concentration was statistically significantly higher at 16 dpi compared to the control group. Conclusions The inflammatory response in the eyes of hosts with experimental acanthamoebiasis led to changes in the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and the content of non-enzymatic antioxidant. Therefore, the dysregulation of antioxidants may play a role in the pathomechanism of Acanthamoeba eye infection.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Kosik-Bogacka D, Osten-Sacken N, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kot K, Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Podlasińska J, Chmielarz M, Heddergott M, Frantz AC, Steinbach P. Selenium and mercury in the hair of raccoons (Procyon lotor) and European wildcats (Felis s. silvestris) from Germany and Luxembourg. Ecotoxicology 2020; 29:1-12. [PMID: 31734834 PMCID: PMC6987061 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the concentration of total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se), as well as the molar ratio of Se:THg in hair samples of terrestrial animals. THg and Se concentrations were measured from the hair of raccoons (Procyon lotor) and European wildcats (Felis s. silvestris) from Germany and Luxembourg. Median THg concentrations in hair from raccoons and wildcats were 0.369 and 0.273 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw), respectively. Se concentrations were higher in the hair of raccoons than of wildcats (0.851 and 0.641 mg kg-1 dw, respectively). Total mercury concentration in hair of raccoons from Luxembourg was almost 5× higher that found in hair of raccoons from Germany; however, Se concentration was similar. Thus, molar ratio of Se:THg was ~4× higher in the hair of raccoons from Germany than those from Luxembourg. Significant negative correlation was found between THg concentration and Se:THg molar ratio in both wildcats and raccoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Osten-Sacken
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
- Fondation faune-flore, 25 rue Muenster, L-2160, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Podlasińska
- Department of Ecology, Environmental Management and Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Chmielarz
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mike Heddergott
- National Museum of Natural History, 25 Rue Münster, 2160, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Alain C Frantz
- National Museum of Natural History, 25 Rue Münster, 2160, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Peter Steinbach
- University of Göttingen, Faculty of Chemistry, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Malinowski W, Szymański S, Mularczyk M, Tomska N, Rotter I. Interactions between 14 Elements in the Human Placenta, Fetal Membrane and Umbilical Cord. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16091615. [PMID: 31071998 PMCID: PMC6540151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate relationships between the concentrations of macroelements (Ca), microelements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sn, Sr, V, Zn) and heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Pb) in the placenta, fetal membrane and umbilical cord. Furthermore, we examined relationships between the concentrations of these metals in the studied afterbirths and maternal age, gestational age, placenta parameters (breadth, length, weight) and newborn parameters (length, weight and Apgar score). This study confirms previously reported Zn-Cd, Pb-Cd and Ni-Pb interactions in the placenta. New types of interactions in the placenta, fetal membrane and umbilical cord were also noted. Analysis of the correlations between metal elements in the afterbirths (placenta, fetal membrane and umbilical cord) and biological parameters showed the following relationships: maternal age and Mn (in the fetal membrane); gestational age and Cr, Fe, Zn (in the fetal membrane), Ag and Cu (in the umbilical cord); newborn’s length and Sr (in the placenta), Ag (in the umbilical cord); newborn’s weight and Sr (in the placenta), Cu (in the fetal membrane), Ag (in the umbilical cord); Apgar score and Ca, Cr and Ni (in the umbilical cord); placenta’s length and Cr and Sn (in the fetal membrane), Cu (in the umbilical cord); placenta’s width and Mo, Pb (in the placenta) and placenta weight and Sr (in the placenta), Ag, Fe, Mn (in the fetal membrane). The results show the influence of metals on the placenta, mother and newborn parameters, and the same point indicates the essential trace elements during the course of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Witold Malinowski
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Szymański
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Maciej Mularczyk
- Chair and Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Tomska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Wojciechowska-Koszko I, Kot K, Roszkowska P, Krasnodębska-Szponder B, Paczkowska E, Machaliński B, Łuczkowska K, Wiszniewska B, Kosik-Bogacka D. Changes in the immune system in experimental acanthamoebiasis in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:517. [PMID: 30236160 PMCID: PMC6149055 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acanthamoebiasis is most often found in patients with immune deficiency, with infections facilitated by the intake of immunosuppressive drugs. The host immune response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection is poorly understood. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the course of Acanthamoeba spp. infection taking into account the host’s immunological status, including assessment of the hematological parameters, cytokine analysis, immunophenotypic changes in spleen populations, and histological spleen changes, which could help clarify some aspects of the immune response to acanthamoebiasis. In our experimental study, we used Acanthamoeba strain AM 22 isolated from the bronchoaspirate of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and atypical pneumonia symptoms. Results Acanthamoeba spp. affected the hematological parameters in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice and induced a change in spleen weight during infection. Moreover, analysis of anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) and pro-inflammatory (IL-17A and IFN-γ) cytokines produced by splenocytes stimulated with concanavalin A demonstrated that Acanthamoeba spp. induced a selective Th1, Th2 and Th17 response at later stages of the infection in immunocompetent hosts. In the case of hosts with low immunity, Acanthamoeba elicited robust Th1 cell-mediated immunity without the participation of Th17. We observed suppression of CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD3+CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) T lymphocyte populations in the beginning, and in the case of CD3+/CD4+/CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells in the final phase of Acanthamoeba spp. infection in hosts with low immunity. Also, CD4+T lymphocytes and CD3+/CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ lymphocyte counts during each stage of acanthamoebiasis were shown to be upregulated. Conclusions We demonstrated that analysis of the immune response and pathogenesis mechanisms of clinical isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. in an animal model not only has purely cognitive significance but above all, may help in the development of effective methods of pharmacological therapy especially in patients with low immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paulina Roszkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Krasnodębska-Szponder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Edyta Paczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Wiszniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland.
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Gutowska I, Kot K, Metryka E, Kosik-Bogacka DI. Relationship between antioxidant defense in Acanthamoeba spp. infected lungs and host immunological status. Exp Parasitol 2018; 193:58-65. [PMID: 30201450 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenicity of acanthamoebiasis is an important aspect of the intricate and complex host-parasite relationship. The aim of this experimental study was to determine oxidative stress through the assessment of lipid peroxidation product (LPO) levels and antioxidant defense mechanism in Acanthamoeba spp. lung infections in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. In Acanthamoeba spp. infected immunocompetent mice we noted a significant increase in lung lipid peroxidation products (LPO) at 8 days and 16 days post infection (dpi). There was a significant upregulation in lung LPO in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice infected by Acanthamoeba spp. at 16 dpi. The superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly in lungs in immunosuppressed mice at 8 dpi. The catalase activity was significantly upregulated in lungs in immunocompetent vs. immunosuppressed group and in immunocompetent vs. control mice at 16 dpi. The glutathione reductase activity was significantly lower in immunosuppressed group vs. immunosuppressed control at 24 dpi. We found significant glutathione peroxidase downregulation in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed groups vs. controls at 8 dpi, and in immunosuppressed vs. immunosuppressed control at 16 dpi. The consequence of the inflammatory response in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts in the course of experimental Acanthamoeba spp. infection was the reduction of the antioxidant capacity of the lungs resulting from changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant processes may play a major role in pathology associated with Acanthamoeba pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - I Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - I Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - E Metryka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - D I Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland.
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20
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Kapczuk P, Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Gutowska I, Kupnicka P, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Selected Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Parasite⁻Host System Hymenolepis diminuta⁻Rattus norvegicus. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082435. [PMID: 30126154 PMCID: PMC6121280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta is a parasite of the small intestine of rodents (mainly mice and rats), and accidentally humans. It is classified as a non-invasive tapeworm due to the lack of hooks on the tapeworm’s scolex, which could cause mechanical damage to host tissues. However, many studies have shown that metabolites secreted by H. diminuta interfere with the functioning of the host’s gastrointestinal tract, causing an increase in salivary secretion, suppression of gastric acid secretion, and an increase in the trypsin activity in the duodenum chyme. Our work presents the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of a parasite-host interaction, including the influence on ion transport and host intestinal microflora, morphology and biochemical parameters of blood, secretion of antioxidant enzymes, expression of Toll-like receptors, mechanisms of immune response, as well as the expression and activity of cyclooxygenases. We emphasize the interrelations between the parasite and the host at the cellular level resulting from the direct impact of the parasite as well as host defense reactions that lead to changes in the host’s tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
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21
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Kosik-Bogacka D, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kot K, Malinowski W, Szymański S, Sipak-Szmigiel O, Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Podlasińska J, Tomska N, Ciosek Ż. Concentrations of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) in afterbirth and their relations with various factors. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:1683-1695. [PMID: 29492803 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate Hg and Se concentrations and Se:Hg molar ratios in the placenta, umbilical cord and fetal membranes, and to examine the relationship between the concentrations of the elements and selected factors. The study material consisted of the placenta, umbilical cord and fetal membranes obtained from 91 healthy women from northwestern and central Poland. In our study mean Hg and Se concentrations in afterbirth were ~ 0.01 mg/kg dry weight (dw) and ≤ 0.5 mg/kg dw, respectively. Correlation analysis showed negative relationships between placenta weight and Se concentration in the placenta and umbilical cord, as well as between placenta length and Se levels in the umbilical cord. We found negative correlations between THg concentration in the placenta and birth weight and between Se concentration in the placenta and umbilical cord and the morphological parameters of the placenta. Furthermore, we noted new types of interactions in specific parts of the afterbirth. In our study, Se:THg molar ratios ranged from 5 to 626; these values indicate protection against Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Witold Malinowski
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Szymański
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Olimpia Sipak-Szmigiel
- Department of Obstetrical and Gynecological Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Prophylaxis, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Judyma 6, 71-466, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Podlasińska
- Department of Ecology, Environmental Management and Protection, Słowackiego 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Tomska
- Laboratory of Medical Rehabilitation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Żaneta Ciosek
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstanców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
- Laboratory of Medical Rehabilitation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210, Szczecin, Poland
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Kot K, Pilarczyk B, Tomza-Marciniak A, Kabat-Koperska J, Kosik-Bogacka D. Biochemical Profile, Liver and Kidney Selenium (Se) Status during Acanthamoebiasis in a Mouse Model. Folia Biol (Praha) 2018. [DOI: 10.3409/fb_66-1.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Kot K, Gutowska I, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Chlubek D, Kosik-Bogacka D. Expression and Activity of COX-1 and COX-2 in Acanthamoeba sp.-Infected Lungs According to the Host Immunological Status. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010121. [PMID: 29301283 PMCID: PMC5796070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the pathomechanism of pulmonary infections caused by Acanthamoeba sp. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether Acanthamoeba sp. may affect the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in the altered levels of their main products, prostaglandins (PGE₂) and thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂), in lungs of immunocompetent or immunosuppressed hosts. Acanthamoeba sp. induced a strong expression of COX-1 and COX-2 proteins in the lungs of immunocompetent mice, which, however, did not result in significant differences in the expression of PGE₂ and TXB₂. Our immunohistochemical analysis showed that immunosuppression induced by glucocorticoids in Acanthamoeba sp.-infected mice caused a decrease in COX-1 and COX-2 (not at the beginning of infection) in lung tissue. These results suggest that similar to COX-2, COX-1 is an important mediator of the pathophysiology in experimental pulmonary acanthamoebiasis. We suggest that the signaling pathways important for Acanthamoeba sp. induction of lung infection might interact with each other and depend on the host immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kolasa-Wołosiuk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
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Wilk A, Kalisińska E, Kosik-Bogacka DI, Romanowski M, Różański J, Ciechanowski K, Słojewski M, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. Cadmium, lead and mercury concentrations in pathologically altered human kidneys. Environ Geochem Health 2017; 39:889-899. [PMID: 27485407 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) act as nephrotoxic agents, particularly in the renal cortex. The aim of the study was to determine the concentrations of Cd, Pb and Hg in kidneys removed from patients due to lesions of various etiologies and from patients after the rejection of transplanted kidneys. Additionally, we determined the influence of selected biological and environmental factors on the concentrations of toxic metals. The study material consisted of kidneys with tumor lesions (n = 27), without tumors (n = 7) and its extracted grafts (n = 10) obtained from patients belongs to the north-western areas of Poland. The determined metal concentrations in the renal cortex and medulla may be arranged in the following descending order: Cd > Pb > Hg. The highest concentrations of Cd and Hg were found in the cortex, while the maximum content Pb was observed in the medulla. Significant correlations were found in the concentrations of the same metals between cortex and medulla and between Pb and Hg in the renal medulla. Pb content was higher in the renal medulla of men than in the cortex of the elderly (above 60 years of age). The highest concentrations of Pb and Hg were found in the cortex and medulla, of the kidneys had not neoplastic changes, and lower content of these metals were found in the extracted kidney grafts. In summary, renal grafts accumulate less heavy metals than cancerous kidneys, what could have been caused by immunosuppressors taken by the graft recipients. Moreover, sex, age and smoking are key factors responsible for xenobiotics concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wilk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kalisińska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta I Kosik-Bogacka
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Maciej Romanowski
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Różański
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Ciechanowski
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Słojewski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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Cybulska A, Kornacka A, Bień J, Goździk K, Kalisińska E, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Budis H, Pilarczyk B, Cabaj W, Moskwa B. The Occurrence of Trichinella spp. in Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Different Regions of Poland: Current Data. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:717-721. [DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Cybulska
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kornacka
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Bień
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Goździk
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kalisińska
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Halina Budis
- Department of Health Education, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Władysław Cabaj
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Moskwa
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Łanocha-Arendarczyk N, Kalisińska E, Kosik-Bogacka D, Budis H, Lewicka K, Sokołowski S, Dobiecki K, Kołodziej Ł. Effect of environmental parameters on the concentration of nickel (Ni) in bones of the hip joint from patients with osteoarthritis. J Pre Clin Clin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.5604/18982395.1208182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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