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Khalil MKN, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Sahril N, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Adnan MAA, Liew SH, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Kassim MSA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia among Orang Asli Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061493. [PMID: 36986223 PMCID: PMC10053598 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia continues to be a global public health burden affecting all age groups, particularly children. Indigenous people, including the Orang Asli (OA) population in Malaysia, are at risk of anaemia due to the vast disparities in social determinants of health in their population compared to the non-indigenous population. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among OA children in Malaysia and analyse the knowledge gaps. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS This review identified six studies involving the participation of OA children from eight subtribes residing in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall prevalence of anaemia among OA children ranged from 21.6 to 80.0%, with iron deficiency anaemia prevalence at 34.0%. The risk factors of anaemia among OA children reported from one study in this review were being younger than ten years old children (AOR 2.11 (95% CI 1.23, 3.63)) and moderate to heavy Ascaris infections (AOR 2.05 (95% CI 1.12, 3.76)). There was no data from OA children from certain age groups and subtribes. Additionally, there is a paucity of data on risk factors for anaemia among OA children from the currently available evidence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anaemia among OA children poses a moderate to severe public health concern. Therefore, more comprehensive studies in the future are needed to address the gaps identified in this review, primarily regarding anaemia risk factors. This data would encourage policymakers in devising effective national prevention strategies to improve morbidity and mortality among OA children in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Athirah Tahir
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Solihin Rezali
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Siaw Hun Liew
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Ab Wahab
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Shamsuddin
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
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Sahril N, Chan YM, Chan YY, Ahmad NA, Kassim MSA, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Adnan MAA, Khalil MKN, Liew SH. Poor Self-Rated Health and Associated Factors among Older Persons in Malaysia: A Population-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20054342. [PMID: 36901351 PMCID: PMC10002035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the prevalence of poor self-rated health (SRH) in Malaysia and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, chronic diseases, depression, and functional limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older persons. DESIGN Cross-sectional. Setting, participants, and outcome measures: We used data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018, a nationwide community-based study. This study was conducted using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Older persons were defined as persons aged 60 years and above. SRH was assessed using the question "How do you rate your general health?" and the answers were "very good", "good", "moderate", "not good", and "very bad". SRH was then grouped into two categories; "Good" (very good and good) and "Poor" (moderate, not good, and very bad). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS The prevalence of poor SRH among older persons was 32.6%. Poor SRH was significantly related to physical inactivity, depression, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs). Multiple logistic regression revealed that poor SRH was positively associated with those who had depression (aOR 2.92, 95% CI:2.01,4.24), limitations in ADLs (aOR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.54), low individual income (aOR 1.66, 95% CI:1.22, 2.26), physical inactivity (aOR 1.40, 95% CI:1.08, 1.82), and hypertension (aOR 1.23, 95% CI:1.02, 1.49). CONCLUSIONS Older persons with depression, limitations in ADLs, low income, physical inactivity, and hypertension were significantly associated with poor SRH. These findings provide information to aid health personnel and policymakers in the development and implementation of health promotion and disease prevention programs, as well as adequate evidence in planning different levels of care for the older population.
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Awaluddin SM, Shahein NA, Che Abdul Rahim N, Mohd Zaki NA, Nasaruddin NH, Saminathan TA, Alias N, Ganapathy SS, Ahmad NA. Anemia among Men in Malaysia: A Population-Based Survey in 2019. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10922. [PMID: 34682667 PMCID: PMC8535807 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors associated with anemia among men in Malaysia. The researchers used data from the 2019 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). The hemoglobin levels of men aged 15 years and above who gave their consent was measured using the HemoCue® Hb 201+ System©. The majority of them (87.2%) were men aged 15-59 years, referred to as the younger age group in this study. The prevalence of anemia among men was 12.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.9, 14.5). The prevalence was higher among older men (30.7%; 95% CI: 26.6, 35.1) than younger men (10.0%; 95% CI: 8.2, 12.2). Anemia among men was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 3.1; 95% CI: 2.1, 4.4) and those with diabetes (aOR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.1) via a logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, older men were more affected by anemia than younger men in this study. Anemia among older men in Malaysia is at the level of moderate to severe public health significance. The likelihood of developing anemia is increased among older men with diabetes compared to older men without diabetes. These often-overlooked issues among men need to be detected and treated early in order to prevent complications and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maria Awaluddin
- Centre for Occupational Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Azian Mohd Zaki
- Department of Dietetic & Food Service, Hospital Umum Sarawak, Kuching 93586, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Hamizah Nasaruddin
- Centre for Burden of Disease Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.H.N.); (N.A.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Thamil Arasu Saminathan
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Nazirah Alias
- Centre for Burden of Disease Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.H.N.); (N.A.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Shubash Shander Ganapathy
- Centre for Burden of Disease Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia; (N.H.N.); (N.A.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Director Office, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia;
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Sahril N, Shahein NA, Yoep N, Mahmud NA, Sooryanarayana R, Maw Pin T, Muhamad NA, Ismail H. Prevalence and factors associated with falls among older persons in Malaysia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20 Suppl 2:33-37. [PMID: 33370863 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Falls are a common problem among older people, leading to major morbidity and increased mortality. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of falls among older persons in Malaysia and its associated factors. METHODS Data were obtained from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 (NHMS 2018), a cross-sectional study using stratified cluster sampling design. Older persons were defined as aged ≥60 years in this study. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS Overall, 14.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.46, 15.84) of older persons reported having experienced at least one fall during the past 12 months. Univariate analyses revealed an association between the history of falls with not being employed (odds ratio [OR]: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.03, 1.77]), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.65 [95% CI: 1.33, 2.04]), limitation in activities of daily living (ADL) (OR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.43, 2.54]) or instrumental ADL (OR: 1.47 [95% CI: 1.16, 1.84]). Multiple logistic regression revealed that falls were positively associated with those who had diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.55 [95% CI: 1.23, 1.94]) and limitation in ADL (OR: 1.56 [95% CI: 1.14, 2.15]); 43.9% of falls occurred outdoors. CONCLUSION One in six older Malaysian people experience at least one fall over a 12-month period. Diabetes mellitus and limitation in ADL were the factors associated with falls among older persons. A comprehensive and targeted program designed to reduce risk of falls is urgently needed. Future research should identify suitable programs for our setting to reduce the potential society burden of falls in older Malaysians. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 33-37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhafizah Sahril
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norzawati Yoep
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azna Mahmud
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Tan Maw Pin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asiah Muhamad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasimah Ismail
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abdul Aziz FA, Abd Razak MA, Ahmad NA, Awaluddin SM, Lodz NA, Sooryanarayana R, Shahein NA, Mohamad Kasim N, Abd Wahab N, Jamaluddin R. Factors Associated With Suicidal Attempt Among School-Going Adolescents in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 2019; 31:73S-79S. [PMID: 31353928 DOI: 10.1177/1010539519862161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Various factors contribute to suicidal attempt. This study aims to determine the relationship between suicidal attempt and its associated factors among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. Data from the National Health and Morbidity 2017 survey were analyzed. This survey was implemented as a nationwide school-based survey targeting adolescents 13 to 17 years old. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analysis was done using SPSS version 20. A total of 27 399 adolescents participated in this survey. The prevalence of suicidal attempt was 6.9% (95% confidence interval = 6.2-7.7). Multivariate analysis found that the odds of suicidal attempt among adolescent with depression is 4.3 (adjusted odds ratio = 4.3; 95% confidence interval = 3.9-4.8). Other significant factors are young adolescent, non-Malay ethnicities especially Indian, adolescent with parents living apart, and those without peer support and parental connectedness. A holistic approach for the planning of preventative strategies and public health policies should be made according to these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazly Azry Abdul Aziz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Maria Awaluddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Aliza Lodz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraida Mohamad Kasim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Abd Wahab
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rasidah Jamaluddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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