Estimated prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of mental disorders in medical students of Hebei Province, China: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

In China, the identification rate and treatment rate of mental disorders are low, and there are few surveys on the prevalence of mental disorders among college students using diagnostic tools such as Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), so the prevalence and treatment of mental disorders among college students are unclear.

AIM

To estimate prevalence of mental disorders among medical students in Hebei Province, and provide guidance for improving their mental health.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study based on an Internet-based survey. Three levels of medical students in Hebei Province were randomly selected (by cluster sampling) for screening. Using the information network assessment system, the subjects scanned the 2D code with their mobile phones, clicked to sign the informed consent, and answered a scale. A self-designed general status questionnaire was used to collect information about age, gender, ethnicity, grade, and origin of students. The MINI 5.0. was used to investigate mental disorders. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Statistically significant findings were determined using a two-tailed P value of 0.05.

RESULTS

A total of 7117 subjects completed the survey between October 11 and November 7, 2021. The estimated prevalence of any mental disorders within 12 mo was 7.4%. Mood disorders were the most common category (4.3%), followed by anxiety disorders (3.9%); 15.0% had been to psychological counseling, while only 5.7% had been to a psychiatric consultation, and only 10% had received drug therapy in the past 12 mo.

CONCLUSION

Although the estimated prevalence of mental disorders in medical students is lower than in the general population, the rate of adequate treatment is low. We determined that improving the mental health of medical students is an urgent matter.

Patterns of recurrence and outcomes in patients with luminal breast cancer: a retrospective study

BACKGROUND

Patients with luminal breast cancer have better prognosis and survival rates compared to patients with non-luminal breast cancers, such as basal-like and HER-2 subtypes, owing to the added benefits of adjuvant endocrine therapy. However, local relapses and distant metastasis still frequently occur. In recent years, more studies on breast cancer relapse and metastasis have focused on non-luminal breast cancers despite there being more number of cases of luminal breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study, the authors included 387 breast cancer patients with recurrence and metastasis who were treated in their hospital between January 2001 and June 2011, and divided them into luminal and non-luminal groups. The differences in clinical and pathological characteristics, survival rates, and prognostic features after follow-up treatment were retrospectively analyzed in the two groups.

RESULTS

The authors found there was a higher proportion of local recurrence and single bone metastasis in luminal group than in the non-luminal group. The risk of recurrence and metastasis in the luminal group two to five years and after five years post-operation continued to be stable, but the risk in the non-luminal group significantly decreased after two years.

CONCLUSIONS

Luminal breast cancer patients with recurrence or/and metastasis had better prognosis after reasonable treatment. These results are of potential clinical relevance, especially for clinical prognosis monitoring and targeted therapy interventions in patients with luminal breast cancer.

Chronic lung disease in extremely low birth weight infants: a two-year retrospective analysis

To determine the incidence and classification of chronic lung disease (CLD) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, a 2-year retrospective analysis was performed. From January 1997 to December 1998, 117 infants weighing less than 1000 g were enrolled. The survival rate beyond 28 days was 60.7% (71/117). CLD was defined as a supplemental oxygen requirement at 28 days of age, with symptoms of persistent respiratory distress and chest radiograph showing characteristic appearance. In addition to the common finding of CLD, infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) had history of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), infants with Wilson-Mikity syndrome (WMS) had no RDS but had early appearance of bubbly lung on chest x-ray, and infants with chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (CPIP) had only hazy appearance on chest x-ray. The incidence of CLD in infants who survived beyond 28 days was 50.7% (36/71). Among the 36 infants with CLD, 17 (47%) had BPD, 4 (11%) had WMS and 15 (42%) had CPIP. The median (min, max) days of mechanical ventilation were 45 (9, 112), 45.5 (45, 50) and 7.5 (0, 40) days in BPD, WMS and CPIP groups, respectively. The median (min, max) days of oxygen requirement were 73 (28, 120), 149 (70, 211) and 52.5 (38, 90) days, respectively. The infants still requiring oxygen at post-conceptional age of 36 weeks are significantly more in BPD (14 (82.4%)) and in WMS (4 (100%)) than in CPIP (3 (20%)). Two (1 BPD, 1 WMS) were discharged and received oxygen therapy at home. Four infants with BPD died of respiratory failure. CLD includes a wide range of conditions, from BPD or WMS with severe respiratory morbidity and mortality to no residual problems. Such information is important for design of appropriate strategies to prevent CLD.