1
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Gayle J, Roy S, Gupta S, Hassan S, Rao A, Demingos PG, Miller K, Guo G, Wang X, Garg A, Singh CV, Vajtai R, Robinson JT, Ajayan PM. Imine-Linked 2D Conjugated Porous Organic Polymer Films for Tunable Acid Vapor Sensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:2726-2739. [PMID: 38170672 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) films of conjugated porous organic polymers (C-POPs) can translate the rich in-plane functionalities of conjugated frameworks into diverse optical and electronic applications while addressing the processability issues of their crystalline analogs for adaptable device architectures. However, the lack of facile single-step synthetic routes to obtain large-area high-quality films of 2D-C-POPs has limited their application possibilities so far. Here, we report the synthesis of four mechanically robust imine-linked 2D-C-POP free-standing films using a single-step fast condensation route that is scalable and tunable. The rigid covalently bonded 2D structures of the C-POP films offer high stability for volatile gas sensing in harsh environments while simultaneously enhancing site accessibility for gas molecules due to mesoporosity by structural design. Structurally, all films were composed of exfoliable layers of 2D polymeric nanosheets (NSs) that displayed anisotropy from disordered stacking, evinced by out-of-plane birefringent properties. The tunable in-plane conjugation, different nitrogen centers, and porous structures allow the films to act as ultraresponsive colorimetric sensors for acid sensing via reversible imine bond protonation. All the films could detect hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas down to 0.05 ppm, far exceeding the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's permissible exposure limit of 5 ppm with fast response time and good recyclability. Computational insights elucidated the effect of conjugation and tertiary nitrogen in the structures on the sensitivity and response time of the films. Furthermore, we exploited the exfoliated large 2D NSs and anisotropic optoelectronic properties of the films to adapt them into micro-optical and triboelectric devices to demonstrate their real-time sensing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gayle
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shashikant Gupta
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sakib Hassan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Adwitiya Rao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Pedro Guerra Demingos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Kristen Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Galio Guo
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ashish Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
- Department of Sustainable Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Chandra Veer Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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2
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Pramanik A, Mahapatra PL, Tromer R, Xu J, Costin G, Li C, Saju S, Alhashim S, Pandey K, Srivastava A, Vajtai R, Galvao DS, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Biotene: Earth-Abundant 2D Material as Sustainable Anode for Li/Na-Ion Battery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:2417-2427. [PMID: 38171351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Natural ores are abundant, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. Ultrathin (2D) layers of a naturally abundant van der Waals mineral, Biotite, have been prepared in bulk via exfoliation. We report here that this 2D Biotene material has shown extraordinary Li-Na-ion battery anode properties with ultralong cycling stability. Biotene shows 302 and 141 mAh g-1 first cycle-specific charge capacity for Li- and Na-ion battery applications with ∼90% initial Coulombic efficiency. The electrode exhibits significantly extended cycling stability with ∼75% capacity retention after 4000 cycles even at higher current densities (500-2000 mA g-1). Further, density functional theory studies show the possible Li intercalation mechanism between the 2D Biotene layers. Our work brings new directions toward designing the next generation of metal-ion battery anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atin Pramanik
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Preeti Lata Mahapatra
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Raphael Tromer
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jianan Xu
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sreehari Saju
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Salma Alhashim
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kavita Pandey
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Shivanapura, Bengaluru 562162, India
| | - Anchal Srivastava
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas S Galvao
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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3
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Biswas A, Xu R, Alvarez GA, Zhang J, Christiansen-Salameh J, Puthirath AB, Burns K, Hachtel JA, Li T, Iyengar SA, Gray T, Li C, Zhang X, Kannan H, Elkins J, Pieshkov TS, Vajtai R, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Garratt EJ, Ivanov TG, Pate BB, Zhao Y, Zhu H, Tian Z, Rubio A, Ajayan PM. Non-Linear Optics at Twist Interfaces in h-BN/SiC Heterostructures. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2304624. [PMID: 37707242 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the emergent electronic structure in twisted atomically thin layers has led to the exciting field of twistronics. However, practical applications of such systems are challenging since the specific angular correlations between the layers must be precisely controlled and the layers have to be single crystalline with uniform atomic ordering. Here, an alternative, simple, and scalable approach is suggested, where nanocrystallinetwo-dimensional (2D) film on 3D substrates yields twisted-interface-dependent properties. Ultrawide-bandgap hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin films are directly grown on high in-plane lattice mismatched wide-bandgap silicon carbide (4H-SiC) substrates to explore the twist-dependent structure-property correlations. Concurrently, nanocrystalline h-BN thin film shows strong non-linear second-harmonic generation and ultra-low cross-plane thermal conductivity at room temperature, which are attributed to the twisted domain edges between van der Waals stacked nanocrystals with random in-plane orientations. First-principles calculations based on time-dependent density functional theory manifest strong even-order optical nonlinearity in twisted h-BN layers. This work unveils that directly deposited 2D nanocrystalline thin film on 3D substrates could provide easily accessible twist-interfaces, therefore enabling a simple and scalable approach to utilize the 2D-twistronics integrated in 3D material devices for next-generation nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
| | | | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kory Burns
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tymofii S Pieshkov
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Tony G Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Yuji Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Chaussee 149, 22761, Luruper, Germany
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ), Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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4
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Li C, Oliveira EF, Biswas A, Puthirath AB, Zhang X, Pramanik A, Garratt EJ, Neupane MR, Pate BB, Birdwell AG, Ivanov TG, Terlier T, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM. Heteroatom Functionalization of H-Terminated Diamond Surfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:39980-39988. [PMID: 37555428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Diamond surface functionalization has received significant research interest recently. Specifically, H-termination has been widely adopted because it endows the diamond surface with negative electron affinity and the hole carrier is injected in the presence of surface transfer dopants. Exploring different functional groups' attachment on diamond surfaces and their impact on the electronic structure, using wet and dry chemical approaches, would hence be of interest in engineering diamond as a semiconductor. Here, we report the functionalization of the H-terminated diamond surface with nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms. Surface characterization of functionalized diamond surfaces shows that these groups are well-distributed and covalently bonded to diamonds. Four chemical functional groups (-SH, -S-S-, -S-O, and -S=O) were found on the sulfurized diamond surface, and two groups (-NH2 and =NH) upon amination. We also report co-functionalization of surface with N and S (N-S), where sulfurization promotes sequential amination efficiency with reduced exposure time. Electrical measurement shows that heteroatom-modified diamond surfaces possess higher conductivity than H-terminated diamonds. Density functional theory (DFT) shows that upon functionalization with various N/S ratios, the conduction band minimum and valence band maximum downshift, which lowers the bandgap in comparison to an H-terminated diamond. These observations suggest the possibility of heteroatom functionalizations with enhanced surface electrical conductivity on the diamond that are useful for various electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Eliezer F Oliveira
- School of Sciences, Department of Physics and Meteorology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Atin Pramanik
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | | | - Tony G Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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5
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Biswas A, Xu R, Christiansen-Salameh J, Jeong E, Alvarez GA, Li C, Puthirath AB, Gao B, Garg A, Gray T, Kannan H, Zhang X, Elkins J, Pieshkov TS, Vajtai R, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Pate BB, Ivanov T, Garratt EJ, Dai P, Zhu H, Tian Z, Ajayan PM. Phase Stability of Hexagonal/Cubic Boron Nitride Nanocomposites. Nano Lett 2023; 23:6927-6936. [PMID: 37489836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride (BN) is an exceptional material, and among its polymorphs, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal and three-dimensional (3D) cubic BN (h-BN and c-BN) phases are most common. The phase stability regimes of these BN phases are still under debate, and phase transformations of h-BN/c-BN remain a topic of interest. Here, we investigate the phase stability of 2D/3D h-BN/c-BN nanocomposites and show that the coexistence of two phases can lead to strong nonlinear optical properties and low thermal conductivity at room temperature. Furthermore, spark-plasma sintering of the nanocomposite shows complete phase transformation to 2D h-BN with improved crystalline quality, where 3D c-BN possibly governs the nucleation and growth kinetics. Our demonstration might be insightful in phase engineering of BN polymorph-based nanocomposites with desirable properties for optoelectronics and thermal energy management applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Joyce Christiansen-Salameh
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Eugene Jeong
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gustavo A Alvarez
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Arushi Garg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tymofii S Pieshkov
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Bradford B Pate
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Tony Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Elias J Garratt
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Pengcheng Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Zhiting Tian
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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6
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Biswas A, Maiti R, Lee F, Chen CY, Li T, Puthirath AB, Iyengar SA, Li C, Zhang X, Kannan H, Gray T, Saadi MASR, Elkins J, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Shah PB, Ruzmetov DA, Ivanov TG, Vajtai R, Zhao Y, Gaeta AL, Tripathi M, Dalton A, Ajayan PM. Unravelling the room temperature growth of two-dimensional h-BN nanosheets for multifunctional applications. Nanoscale Horiz 2023; 8:641-651. [PMID: 36880586 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00557c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The room temperature growth of two-dimensional van der Waals (2D-vdW) materials is indispensable for state-of-the-art nanotechnology. Low temperature growth supersedes the requirement of elevated growth temperatures accompanied with high thermal budgets. Moreover, for electronic applications, low or room temperature growth reduces the possibility of intrinsic film-substrate interfacial thermal diffusion related deterioration of the functional properties and the consequent deterioration of the device performance. Here, we demonstrated the growth of ultrawide-bandgap boron nitride (BN) at room temperature by using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process, which exhibited various functional properties for potential applications. Comprehensive chemical, spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations confirmed the growth of ordered nanosheet-like hexagonal BN (h-BN). Functionally, the nanosheets show hydrophobicity, high lubricity (low coefficient of friction), and a low refractive index within the visible to near-infrared wavelength range, and room temperature single-photon quantum emission. Our work unveils an important step that brings a plethora of potential applications for these room temperature grown h-BN nanosheets as the synthesis can be feasible on any given substrate, thus creating a scenario for "h-BN on demand" under a frugal thermal budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Rishi Maiti
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
| | - Frank Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.
| | - Cecilia Y Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Tia Gray
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | | | - Jacob Elkins
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Pankaj B Shah
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Dmitry A Ruzmetov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Tony G Ivanov
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, RF Devices and Circuits, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
| | - Yuji Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alexander L Gaeta
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Manoj Tripathi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.
| | - Alan Dalton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
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7
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Salpekar D, Dong C, Oliveira EF, Khabashesku VN, Gao G, Ojha V, Vajtai R, Galvao DS, Babu G, Ajayan PM. Fluorinated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Coated Separator Mitigates Polysulfide Shuttle in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1804. [PMID: 36902922 PMCID: PMC10004040 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Li-S batteries still suffer from two of the major challenges: polysulfide shuttle and low inherent conductivity of sulfur. Here, we report a facile way to develop a bifunctional separator coated with fluorinated multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mild fluorination does not affect the inherent graphitic structure of carbon nanotubes as shown by transmission electron microscopy. Fluorinated carbon nanotubes show an improved capacity retention by trapping/repelling lithium polysulfides at the cathode, while simultaneously acting as the "second current collector". Moreover, reduced charge-transfer resistance and enhanced electrochemical performance at the cathode-separator interface result in a high gravimetric capacity of around 670 mAh g-1 at 4C. Unique chemical interactions between fluorine and carbon at the separator and the polysulfides, studied using DFT calculations, establish a new direction of utilizing highly electronegative fluorine moieties and absorption-based porous carbons for mitigation of polysulfide shuttle in Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Salpekar
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Changxin Dong
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Eliezer F. Oliveira
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Group of Organic Solids and New Materials, Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
- Center for Computational Engineering & Sciences (CCES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Valery N. Khabashesku
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Ved Ojha
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Douglas S. Galvao
- Group of Organic Solids and New Materials, Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
- Center for Computational Engineering & Sciences (CCES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ganguli Babu
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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8
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Puthirath AB, Zhang X, Krishnamoorthy A, Xu R, Samghabadi FS, Moore DC, Lai J, Zhang T, Sanchez DE, Zhang F, Glavin NR, Litvinov D, Vajtai R, Swaminathan V, Terrones M, Zhu H, Vashishta P, Ajayan PM. Piezoelectricity across 2D Phase Boundaries. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2206425. [PMID: 35929436 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectricity in low-dimensional materials and metal-semiconductor junctions has attracted recent attention. Herein, a 2D in-plane metal-semiconductor junction made of multilayer 2H and 1T' phases of molybdenum(IV) telluride (MoTe2 ) is investigated. Strong piezoelectric response is observed using piezoresponse force microscopy at the 2H-1T' junction, despite that the multilayers of each individual phase are weakly piezoelectric. The experimental results and density functional theory calculations suggest that the amplified piezoelectric response observed at the junction is due to the charge transfer across the semiconducting and metallic junctions resulting in the formation of dipoles and excess charge density, allowing the engineering of piezoelectric response in atomically thin materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Farnaz Safi Samghabadi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - David C Moore
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Jiawei Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Materials Science & Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David E Sanchez
- Materials Science & Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Fu Zhang
- Materials Science & Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Dmitri Litvinov
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | | | - Mauricio Terrones
- Materials Science & Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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9
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Bae S, Matsumoto K, Raebiger H, Shudo KI, Kim YH, Handegård ØS, Nagao T, Kitajima M, Sakai Y, Zhang X, Vajtai R, Ajayan P, Kono J, Takeda J, Katayama I. K-point longitudinal acoustic phonons are responsible for ultrafast intervalley scattering in monolayer MoSe 2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4279. [PMID: 35879336 PMCID: PMC9314385 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In transition metal dichalcogenides, valley depolarization through intervalley carrier scattering by zone-edge phonons is often unavoidable. Although valley depolarization processes related to various acoustic phonons have been suggested, their optical verification is still vague due to nearly degenerate phonon frequencies on acoustic phonon branches at zone-edge momentums. Here we report an unambiguous phonon momentum determination of the longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonons at the K point, which are responsible for the ultrafast valley depolarization in monolayer MoSe2. Using sub-10-fs-resolution pump-probe spectroscopy, we observed coherent phonons signals at both even and odd-orders of zone-edge LA mode involved in intervalley carrier scattering process. Our phonon-symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations reveal that only the LA phonon at the K point, as opposed to the M point, can produce experimental odd-order LA phonon signals from its nonlinear optical modulation. This work will provide momentum-resolved descriptions of phonon-carrier intervalley scattering processes in valleytronic materials. Valley depolarization processes in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides have been linked to acoustic phonons, but optical verification is ambiguous, due to the nearly degenerate acoustic phonon frequencies at the zone-edge. Here, the authors determine the phonon momentum of the longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonons at the K point as responsible for the ultrafast valley depolarization in monolayer MoSe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soungmin Bae
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan. .,Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Kana Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hannes Raebiger
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Shudo
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ørjan Sele Handegård
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nagao
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitajima
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan.,International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Ikufumi Katayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan.
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10
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Yadav RM, Li Z, Zhang T, Sahin O, Roy S, Gao G, Guo H, Vajtai R, Wang L, Ajayan PM, Wu J. Amine-Functionalized Carbon Nanodot Electrocatalysts Converting Carbon Dioxide to Methane. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2105690. [PMID: 34632637 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to methane (CH4 ), which can be used not only as fuel but also as a hydrogen carrier, has drawn great attention for use in supporting carbon capture and utilization. The design of active and selective electrocatalysts with exceptional CO2 -to-CH4 conversion efficiency is highly desirable; however, it remains a challenge. Here a molecular tuning strategy-in situ amine functionalization of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) for highly efficient CO2 -to-CH4 conversion is presented. Amine functionalized nitrogen-doped GQDs achieve a CH4 Faradic efficiency (FE) of 63% and 46%, respectively, at CH4 partial current densities of 170 and 258 mA cm-2 , approximating to or even outperforming state-of-the-art Cu-based electrocatalysts. These GQDs also convert CO2 to C2 products mainly including C2 H4 and C2 H5 OH with a maximum FE of ≈10%. A systematic analysis reveals that the CH4 yield varies linearly with amine group content, whereas the C2 production rate is positively dependent on pyridinic N dopant content. This work provides insight into the rational design of carbon catalysts with CO2 -to-CH4 conversion efficiency at the industrially relevant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Manohar Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics, VSSD College, CSJM University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Zhengyuan Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Huazhang Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
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11
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Meiyazhagan A, Serles P, Salpekar D, Oliveira EF, Alemany LB, Fu R, Gao G, Arif T, Vajtai R, Swaminathan V, Galvao DS, Khabashesku VN, Filleter T, Ajayan PM. Gas-Phase Fluorination of Hexagonal Boron Nitride. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2106084. [PMID: 34617333 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has received much attention in recent years as a 2D dielectric material with potential applications ranging from catalysts to electronics. hBN is a stable covalent compound with a planar hexagonal lattice and is relatively unreactive to most chemical environments, making the chemical functionalization of hBN challenging. Here, a simple, scalable strategy to fluorinate hBN using a direct gas-phase fluorination technique is reported. The nature of fluorine bonding to the hBN lattice and their chemical coordination are described based on various characterization studies and theoretical models. The fluorine functionalized hBN shows a bandgap reduction and displays a semiconducting behavior due to the fluorination process. Additionally, the fluorinated hBN shows significant improvement in its thermal and friction properties, which could be substantial in applications such as lubricants and thermal fluids. Theory and simulations reveal that the enhanced friction properties of fluorinated hBN result from reduced inter-planar interaction energy by electrostatic repulsion of intercalated fluorine atoms between hBN layers without significant disruption of the in-plane lattice. This technique paves the way for the fluorination of several other 2D structures for various applications such as magnetism and functional nanoscale electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- AshokKumar Meiyazhagan
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, The University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Devashish Salpekar
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Eliezer Fernando Oliveira
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Group of Organic Solids and New Materials, Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13.083-861, Brazil
- Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences (CCES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13.083-861, Brazil
| | - Lawrence B Alemany
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Taib Arif
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, The University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | | | - Douglas S Galvao
- Group of Organic Solids and New Materials, Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13.083-861, Brazil
- Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences (CCES), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13.083-861, Brazil
| | - Valery N Khabashesku
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, The University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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12
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Roy S, Zhang X, Puthirath AB, Meiyazhagan A, Bhattacharyya S, Rahman MM, Babu G, Susarla S, Saju SK, Tran MK, Sassi LM, Saadi MASR, Lai J, Sahin O, Sajadi SM, Dharmarajan B, Salpekar D, Chakingal N, Baburaj A, Shuai X, Adumbumkulath A, Miller KA, Gayle JM, Ajnsztajn A, Prasankumar T, Harikrishnan VVJ, Ojha V, Kannan H, Khater AZ, Zhu Z, Iyengar SA, Autreto PADS, Oliveira EF, Gao G, Birdwell AG, Neupane MR, Ivanov TG, Taha-Tijerina J, Yadav RM, Arepalli S, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM. Structure, Properties and Applications of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2101589. [PMID: 34561916 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has emerged as a strong candidate for two-dimensional (2D) material owing to its exciting optoelectrical properties combined with mechanical robustness, thermal stability, and chemical inertness. Super-thin h-BN layers have gained significant attention from the scientific community for many applications, including nanoelectronics, photonics, biomedical, anti-corrosion, and catalysis, among others. This review provides a systematic elaboration of the structural, electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of h-BN followed by a comprehensive account of state-of-the-art synthesis strategies for 2D h-BN, including chemical exfoliation, chemical, and physical vapor deposition, and other methods that have been successfully developed in recent years. It further elaborates a wide variety of processing routes developed for doping, substitution, functionalization, and combination with other materials to form heterostructures. Based on the extraordinary properties and thermal-mechanical-chemical stability of 2D h-BN, various potential applications of these structures are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ashokkumar Meiyazhagan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sohini Bhattacharyya
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Muhammad M Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ganguli Babu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sreehari K Saju
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Mai Kim Tran
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - M A S R Saadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jiawei Lai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Bhuvaneswari Dharmarajan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Devashish Salpekar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Nithya Chakingal
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Abhijit Baburaj
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xinting Shuai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aparna Adumbumkulath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kristen A Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jessica M Gayle
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alec Ajnsztajn
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Thibeorchews Prasankumar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | | | - Ved Ojha
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ali Zein Khater
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pedro Alves da Silva Autreto
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001-Bangú, Santo André - SP, Santo André, 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Eliezer Fernando Oliveira
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil
- Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences (CCES), State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - A Glen Birdwell
- Combat Capabilities Development Command, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Mahesh R Neupane
- Combat Capabilities Development Command, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Tony G Ivanov
- Combat Capabilities Development Command, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
| | - Jaime Taha-Tijerina
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Engineering Department, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., San Pedro Garza Garcí, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 66238, Mexico
- Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, 78520, USA
| | - Ram Manohar Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics, VSSD College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Sivaram Arepalli
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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13
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Sajadi SM, Vásárhelyi L, Mousavi R, Rahmati AH, Kónya Z, Kukovecz Á, Arif T, Filleter T, Vajtai R, Boul P, Pang Z, Li T, Tiwary CS, Rahman MM, Ajayan PM. Damage-tolerant 3D-printed ceramics via conformal coating. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/28/eabc5028. [PMID: 34233870 PMCID: PMC8262818 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Ceramic materials, despite their high strength and modulus, are limited in many structural applications due to inherent brittleness and low toughness. Nevertheless, ceramic-based structures, in nature, overcome this limitation using bottom-up complex hierarchical assembly of hard ceramic and soft polymer, where ceramics are packaged with tiny fraction of polymers in an internalized fashion. Here, we propose a far simpler approach of entirely externalizing the soft phase via conformal polymer coating over architected ceramic structures, leading to damage tolerance. Architected structures are printed using silica-filled preceramic polymer, pyrolyzed to stabilize the ceramic scaffolds, and then dip-coated conformally with a thin, flexible epoxy polymer. The polymer-coated architected structures show multifold improvement in compressive strength and toughness while resisting catastrophic failure through a considerable delay of the damage propagation. This surface modification approach allows a simple strategy to build complex ceramic parts that are far more damage-tolerant than their traditional counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lívia Vásárhelyi
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Amir Hossein Rahmati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,MTA-SZTE Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Kukovecz
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Taib Arif
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.,Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zhenqian Pang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
| | - Muhammad M Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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14
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Wang Z, Kannan H, Su T, Swaminathan J, Shirodkar SN, Robles Hernandez FC, Benavides HC, Vajtai R, Yakobson BI, Meiyazhagan A, Ajayan PM. Substitution of copper atoms into defect-rich molybdenum sulfides and their electrocatalytic activity. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:1747-1757. [PMID: 36132560 PMCID: PMC9419841 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01064b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies on intercalation or substitution of atoms into layered two-dimensional (2D) materials are rapidly expanding and gaining significant consideration due to their importance in electronics, catalysts, batteries, sensors, etc. In this manuscript, we report a straightforward method to create sulphur (S) deficient molybdenum (Mo) sulfide (MoS2-x ) structures and substitute them with zerovalent copper (Cu) atoms using a colloidal synthesis method. The synthesized materials were studied using several techniques to understand the proportion and position of copper atoms and the effect of copper functionalization. Specifically, the impact of change in the ratio of Cu : S and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of the derived materials were evaluated. This technique paves the way for the synthesis of various functionalized 2D materials with a significant impact on their physical and chemical behavior making them potential candidates for catalysis and several other applications such as energy storage and the development of numerous functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Harikishan Kannan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Tonghui Su
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University Beijing 100091 P.R. China
| | - Jayashree Swaminathan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Sharmila N Shirodkar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Francisco C Robles Hernandez
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston Houston Texas 77204-4020 USA
| | - Hector Calderon Benavides
- Departamento de Física, ESFM-IPN, Ed. 9, Instituto Politécnico Nacional UPALM Mexico D.F. 07738 Mexico
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged Rerrich Béla Tér 1 Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Ashokkumar Meiyazhagan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA
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15
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Pitkänen O, Eraslan T, Sebők D, Szenti I, Kukovecz Á, Vajtai R, Kordas K. Flexible planar supercapacitors by straightforward filtration and laser processing steps. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:495403. [PMID: 32975222 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is ever increasing demand for flexible energy storage devices due to the development of wearable electronics and other small electronic devices. The electrode flexibility is best provided by a special set of nanomaterials, but the required methodology typically consists of multiple steps and are designed just for the specific materials. Here, a facile and scalable method of making flexible and mechanically robust planar supercapacitors with interdigital electrode structure made of commercial carbon nanomaterials and silver nanowires is presented. The capacitor structure is achieved with vacuum filtration through a micropatterned contact mask and finished with simple laser processing steps. A maximum specific capacitance of 4 F cm-3 was measured with cyclic voltammetry at scan rate of 5 mV s-1. The reliability and charge transfer properties of devices were further investigated with galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, mechanical bending tests confirmed the devices have excellent mechanical integrity, and the deformations have no adverse effects on the electrochemical charge-discharge behavior and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Pitkänen
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Toprak Eraslan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States of America
| | - Dániel Sebők
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Imre Szenti
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ákos Kukovecz
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States of America
| | - Krisztian Kordas
- Microelectronics Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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16
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Vásárhelyi L, Kónya Z, Kukovecz Á, Vajtai R. Microcomputed tomography–based characterization of advanced materials: a review. Materials Today Advances 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2020.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Puthirath AB, Shirodkar SN, Gao G, Hernandez FCR, Deng L, Dahal R, Apte A, Costin G, Chakingal N, Balan AP, Sassi LM, Tiwary CS, Vajtai R, Chu CW, Yakobson BI, Ajayan PM. Scale-Enhanced Magnetism in Exfoliated Atomically Thin Magnetite Sheets. Small 2020; 16:e2004208. [PMID: 33078566 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of ferromagnetism in atomically thin layers at room temperature widens the prospects of 2D materials for device applications. Recently, two independent experiments demonstrated magnetic ordering in two dissimilar 2D systems, CrI3 and Cr2 Ge2 Te6 , at low temperatures and in VSe2 at room temperature, but observation of intrinsic room-temperature magnetism in 2D materials is still a challenge. Here a transition at room temperature that increases the magnetization in magnetite while thinning down the bulk material to a few atom-thick sheets is reported. DC magnetization measurements prove ferrimagnetic ordering with increased magnetization and density functional theory calculations ascribe their origin to the low dimensionality of the magnetite layers. In addition, surface energy calculations for different cleavage planes in passivated magnetite crystal agree with the experimental observations of obtaining 2D sheets from non-van der Waals crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sharmila N Shirodkar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Francisco C Robles Hernandez
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Rabin Dahal
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Nithya Chakingal
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aravind Puthirath Balan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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18
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Wang L, Li W, Yin L, Liu Y, Guo H, Lai J, Han Y, Li G, Li M, Zhang J, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Wu M. Full-color fluorescent carbon quantum dots. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/40/eabb6772. [PMID: 33008913 PMCID: PMC7852397 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb6772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots have innate advantages as the key component of optoelectronic devices. For white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), the modulation of the spectrum and color of the device often involves various quantum dots of different emission wavelengths. Here, we fabricate a series of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) through a scalable acid reagent engineering strategy. The growing electron-withdrawing groups on the surface of CQDs that originated from acid reagents boost their photoluminescence wavelength red shift and raise their particle sizes, elucidating the quantum size effect. These CQDs emit bright and remarkably stable full-color fluorescence ranging from blue to red light and even white light. Full-color emissive polymer films and all types of high-color rendering index WLEDs are synthesized by mixing multiple kinds of CQDs in appropriate ratios. The universal electron-donating/withdrawing group engineering approach for synthesizing tunable emissive CQDs will facilitate the progress of carbon-based luminescent materials for manufacturing forward-looking films and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Weitao Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Luqiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yijian Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Huazhang Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Lai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Minghong Wu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
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19
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Chipara AC, Brunetto G, Ozden S, Haspel H, Kumbhakar P, Kukovecz Á, Kónya Z, Vajtai R, Chipara M, Galvao DS, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Nature inspired solid-liquid phase amphibious adhesive. Soft Matter 2020; 16:5854-5860. [PMID: 32296796 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a new class of bio-inspired solid-liquid adhesive, obtained by simple mechanical dispersion of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) (solid spheres) into PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) (liquid). The adhesive behavior arises from strong solid-liquid interactions. This is a chemical reaction free adhesive (no curing time) that can be repeatedly used and is capable of instantaneously joining a large number of diverse materials (metals, ceramic, and polymer) in air and underwater. The current work is a significant advance in the development of amphibious multifunctional adhesives and presents potential applications in a range of sealing applications, including medical ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Cristian Chipara
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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20
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Jung S, Cui Y, Barnes M, Satam C, Zhang S, Chowdhury RA, Adumbumkulath A, Sahin O, Miller C, Sajadi SM, Sassi LM, Ji Y, Bennett MR, Yu M, Friguglietti J, Merchant FA, Verduzco R, Roy S, Vajtai R, Meredith JC, Youngblood JP, Koratkar N, Rahman MM, Ajayan PM. Multifunctional Bio-Nanocomposite Coatings for Perishable Fruits. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1908291. [PMID: 32363647 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hunger and chronic undernourishment impact over 800 million people, which translates to ≈10.7% of the world's population. While countries are increasingly making efforts to reduce poverty and hunger by pursuing sustainable energy and agricultural practices, a third of the food produced around the globe still is wasted and never consumed. Reducing food shortages is vital in this effort and is often addressed by the development of genetically modified produce or chemical additives and inedible coatings, which create additional health and environmental concerns. Herein, a multifunctional bio-nanocomposite comprised largely of egg-derived polymers and cellulose nanomaterials as a conformal coating onto fresh produce that slows down food decay by retarding ripening, dehydration, and microbial invasion is reported. The coating is edible, washable, and made from readily available inexpensive or waste materials, which makes it a promising economic alternative to commercially available fruit coatings and a solution to combat food wastage that is rampant in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohui Jung
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yufei Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Morgan Barnes
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chinmay Satam
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shenxiang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Reaz A Chowdhury
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Aparna Adumbumkulath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Corwin Miller
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Seyed M Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yue Ji
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | | | - Miao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | | | - Fatima A Merchant
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - J Carson Meredith
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Youngblood
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nikhil Koratkar
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Muhammad M Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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21
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Yadav TP, Woellner CF, Sharifi T, Sinha SK, Qu LL, Apte A, Mukhopadhyay NK, Srivastava ON, Vajtai R, Galvão DS, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Extraction of Two-Dimensional Aluminum Alloys from Decagonal Quasicrystals. ACS Nano 2020; 14:7435-7443. [PMID: 32469491 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin metallic alloys are receiving increased attention due to their prospective applications as interconnects/contacts in two-dimensional (2D) circuits, sensors, and catalysts, among others. In this work, we demonstrate an easily scalable technique for the synthesis of 2D metallic alloys from their 3D quasicrystalline precursors. We have used aluminum (Al)-based single-phase decagonal quasicrystal Al66Co17Cu17 alloy to extract the corresponding 2D alloy structure. The 2D layered Al alloy possesses 2-fold decagonal quasicrystalline symmetry and consists of two- or three-layer-thick sheets with a lateral dimension of microns. These 2D metallic layers were combined with the atomic layers of tungsten disulfide to form the stacked heterostructures, which is demonstrated to be a stable and efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thakur Prasad Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - Tiva Sharifi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shyam Kanta Sinha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Lu-Lu Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - N K Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - O N Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Soares Galvão
- Applied Physics Department and Center of Computational Engineering and Science, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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22
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Li W, Guo H, Li G, Chi Z, Chen H, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen K, Le M, Han Y, Yin L, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Weng Y, Wu M. White luminescent single-crystalline chlorinated graphene quantum dots. Nanoscale Horiz 2020; 5:928-933. [PMID: 32202272 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A new class of white luminescent materials, white-light-emitting graphene quantum dots (WGQDs), have attracted increasing attention because of their unique features and potential applications. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel WGQDs via a solvothermal molecular fusion strategy. The modulation of chlorine doping amount and reaction temperature gives the WGQDs a single-crystalline structure and bright white fluorescence properties. In particular, the WGQDs also exhibit novel and robust white phosphorescence performance for the first time. An optimum fluorescence quantum yield of WGQDs is 34%, which exceeds the majority of reported WGQDs and other white luminescent materials. The WGQDs display broad-spectrum absorption within almost the entire visible light region, broad full width at half maximum and extend their phosphorescence emission to the entire white long-wavelength region. This unique dual-mode optical characteristic of the WGQDs originates from the synergistic effect of low-defect and high chlorine-doping in WGQDs and enlarges their applications in white light emission devices, cell nuclei imaging, and information encryption. Our finding provides us an opportunity to design and construct more advanced multifunctional white luminescent materials based on metal-free carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
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23
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Fan M, Cui J, Wu J, Vajtai R, Sun D, Ajayan PM. Improving the Catalytic Activity of Carbon-Supported Single Atom Catalysts by Polynary Metal or Heteroatom Doping. Small 2020; 16:e1906782. [PMID: 32363806 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs) are widely researched in various chemical transformations due to the high atomic utilization and catalytic activity. Carbon-supported SACs are the largest class because of the many excellent properties of carbon derivatives. The single metal atoms are usually immobilized by doped N atoms and in some cases by C geometrical defects on carbon materials. To explore the catalytic mechanisms and improve the catalytic performance, many efforts have been devoted to modulating the electronic structure of metal single atomic sites. Doping with polynary metals and heteroatoms has been recently proposed to be a simple and effective strategy, derived from the modulating mechanisms of metal alloy structure for metal catalysts and from the donating/withdrawing heteroatom doping for carbon supports, respectively. Polynary metals SACs involve two types of metal with atomical dispersion. The bimetal atom pairs act as dual catalytic sites leading to higher catalytic activity and selectivity. Polynary heteroatoms generally have two types of heteroatoms in which N always couples with another heteroatom, including B, S, P, etc. In this Review, the recent progress of polynary metals and heteroatoms SACs is summarized. Finally, the barriers to tune the activity/selectivity of SACs are discussed and further perspectives presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jiewu Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Dongping Sun
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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24
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Yu D, Shao Q, Song Q, Cui J, Zhang Y, Wu B, Ge L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Qin Y, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Wang H, Xu T, Wu Y. A solvent-assisted ligand exchange approach enables metal-organic frameworks with diverse and complex architectures. Nat Commun 2020; 11:927. [PMID: 32066754 PMCID: PMC7026438 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike inorganic crystals, metal-organic frameworks do not have a well-developed nanostructure library, and establishing their appropriately diverse and complex architectures remains a major challenge. Here, we demonstrate a general route to control metal-organic framework structure by a solvent-assisted ligand exchange approach. Thirteen different types of metal-organic framework structures have been prepared successfully. To demonstrate a proof of concept application, we used the obtained metal-organic framework materials as precursors for synthesizing nanoporous carbons and investigated their electrochemical Na+ storage properties. Due to the unique architecture, the one-dimensional nanoporous carbon derived from double-shelled ZnCo bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework nanotubes exhibits high specific capacity as well as superior rate capability and cycling stability. Our study offers an avenue for the controllable preparation of well-designed meta-organic framework structures and their derivatives, which would further broaden the application opportunities of metal-organic framework materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qi Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Qingjing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Jiewu Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China.
| | - Yongli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Liang Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| | - Huanting Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Yucheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China.
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25
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Puthirath AB, Shirodkar S, Fei M, Baburaj A, Kato K, Saju SK, Prasannachandran R, Chakingal N, Vajtai R, Yakobson BI, Ajayan PM. Complementary behaviour of EDL and HER activity in functionalized graphene nanoplatelets. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1790-1800. [PMID: 31895391 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08102j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Green hydrogen production is a vital requirement of the upcoming hydrogen fuel-based locomotion and economy. Water electrolysis facilitated by electricity derived from renewable sources and direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion centred on photochemical and photoelectrochemical water splitting is a promising pathway for sustainable hydrogen production. All these methods require a highly active noble metal catalyst to make the water-splitting process more energy-efficient and in order to make it economical, metal-free hydrogen evolution catalysts such as graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are essential. Herein, we report the effect of a range of functionalizations on the catalytic properties of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We also account for the effect of functionalization on the strength of the electrical double layer formation on the surface of functionalized GNPs. It is observed that the catalytic activity and the electrical double layer strength are inversely related to each other. Our first-principles-based density functional theoretical (DFT) modelling unravels the origin of the observed electrocatalytic activity and its trend and the strength of the electrical double layers in terms of free energy changes during the ion absorption/desorption events on the electrode surface. Based on our observations, minimizing the electrical double layer strength is identified as an approach to improve the catalytic performance of the catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
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26
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Yadav RM, Kumar R, Aliyan A, Dobal PS, Biradar S, Vajtai R, Singh DP, Martí AA, Ajayan PM. Facile synthesis of highly fluorescent free-standing films comprising graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanolayers. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The free-standing g-C3N4 films were fabricated by thermal condensation of C2H4N4 at 600 °C in a low pressure of Ar atmosphere. The as-synthesized g-C3N4 films exhibited stable and strong photoluminescence emission centered around 455–460 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Manohar Yadav
- Department of Physics
- VSSD College Kanpur
- India
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Amir Aliyan
- Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS)
- 1991633361
- Iran
| | | | | | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
- Houston
- USA
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre
| | | | - Angel A. Martí
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
- Houston
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering
- Rice University
- Houston
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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27
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Patil PD, Ghosh S, Wasala M, Lei S, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Ghosh A, Talapatra S. Gate-Induced Metal-Insulator Transition in 2D van der Waals Layers of Copper Indium Selenide Based Field-Effect Transistors. ACS Nano 2019; 13:13413-13420. [PMID: 31661261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The existence of an exquisite phenomenon such as a metal-insulator transition (MIT) in two-dimensional (2D) systems, where completely different electronic functionalities in the same system can emerge simply by regulating parameters such as charge carrier density in them, is noteworthy. Such tunability in material properties can lead to several applications where precise tuning of function specific properties are desirable. Here, we report on our observation on the occurrence of MIT in the 2D material system of copper indium selenide (CuIn7Se11). Clear evidence of the metallic nature of conductivity (σ) under the influence of electrostatic doping via the gate, which crosses over to an insulating phase upon lowering the temperature, was observed by investigating the temperature and gate dependence of σ in CuIn7Se11 field-effect transistor devices. At higher charge carrier densities (n > 1012 cm-1), we found that σ ∼ (n)α with α ∼ 2, which suggests the presence of bare Coulomb impurity scattering within the studied range of temperature (280 K > T > 20 K). Our analysis of the conductivity data following the principles of percolation theory of transition where σ ∼ (n - nC)δ show that the critical percolation exponent δ(T) has average values ∼1.57 ± 0.27 and 1.02 ± 0.35 within the measured temperature range for the two devices and it is close to the 2D percolation exponent value of 1.33. We believe that the 2D MIT seen in our system is due to the charge density inhomogeneity caused by electrostatic doping and unscreened charge impurity scattering that leads to a percolation driven transition. The findings reported here for CuIn7Se11 system provide a different material platform to investigate MIT in 2D and are crucial in order to understand the fundamental basis of electronic interactions and charge-transport phenomenon in other unexplored 2D electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna D Patil
- Department of Physics , Southern Illinois University Carbondale , Carbondale , Illinois 62901 , United States
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Physics , Southern Illinois University Carbondale , Carbondale , Illinois 62901 , United States
| | - Milinda Wasala
- Department of Physics , Southern Illinois University Carbondale , Carbondale , Illinois 62901 , United States
| | - Sidong Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Georgia State University , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Arindam Ghosh
- Department of Physics , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Saikat Talapatra
- Department of Physics , Southern Illinois University Carbondale , Carbondale , Illinois 62901 , United States
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28
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Qu LL, Geng ZQ, Wang W, Yang KC, Wang WP, Han CQ, Yang GH, Vajtai R, Li DW, Ajayan PM. Recyclable three-dimensional Ag nanorod arrays decorated with O-g-C 3N 4 for highly sensitive SERS sensing of organic pollutants. J Hazard Mater 2019; 379:120823. [PMID: 31276918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) substrate was developed by assembling a monolayer of graphitic carbon nitride (O-g-C3N4) on Ag nanorod arrays (Ag NRs) for sensitive and recyclable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The prepared Ag NRs/O-g-C3N4 substrate not only generated a significant Raman enhancement effect as a result of the strong π-π stacking interaction between O-g-C3N4 and the analytes but also possessed excellent self-cleaning property via visible-light irradiation that was attributed to its outstanding catalytic performance. Highly sensitive SERS detection could be achieved with a LOD of 8.2 × 10-10 M for R6 G, and the substrate could be used repeatedly for at least four cycles with tolerable intensity attenuation. In addition, the 3D substrate exhibited long-term stability originating from the electron-donor effect of O-g-C3N4 and high reproducibility due to the uniform decoration of O-g-C3N4 on the Ag NRs through the strong interaction. Furthermore, using Ag NRs/O-g-C3N4, the recyclable detection of antibiotics in a water sample was demonstrated with high sensitivity, which indicates that the 3D Ag NRs/O-g-C3N4 substrate is a promising candidate for eliminating the challenges of single-use SERS substrates and building a portable SERS platform to sense organic molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Qu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Zhi-Qin Geng
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Kai-Chun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Wei-Peng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Cai-Qin Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Guo-Hai Yang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, TX, 77005, USA
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29
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Swaminathan J, Puthirath AB, Sahoo MR, Nayak SK, Costin G, Vajtai R, Sharifi T, Ajayan PM. Tuning the Electrocatalytic Activity of Co 3O 4 through Discrete Elemental Doping. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:39706-39714. [PMID: 31595745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To gain constructive insight into the possible effect of doping on the electrocatalytic activity of materials, a catalytic framework with a discrete distribution of dopants is an appropriate model system. Such a system assures well-defined active centers, maximum atom utilization efficiency, and hence enhanced selectivity, catalytic activity, and stability. Herein, a comprehensive investigation of the electrocatalytic activity of iron-doped cobalt oxide (Fe-Co3O4) nanosheets is presented. In order to understand the contribution of dopants, a series of materials with controlled doping levels are investigated. By controlled iron inclusion into the structure of Co3O4, an apparent improvement in the oxygen evolution reaction activity which is reflected in the decrease of 160 mV in the overpotential to reach the current density of 10 mA/cm2 is manifested. Additionally, it is shown that there exists an optimum doping content above which the catalytic activity fades. Further investigation of the system with density functional calculations reveals that, along with the optimization of adsorption energy toward the reaction intermediates, substantial downshift of the Fermi level and delocalization of electron density occurs on introducing iron ions into the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Swaminathan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute , Karaikudi , Tamilnadu 630003 , India
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Mihir Ranjan Sahoo
- School of Basic Sciences , Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar , Bhubaneswar 752050 , India
| | - Saroj Kumar Nayak
- School of Basic Sciences , Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar , Bhubaneswar 752050 , India
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Tiva Sharifi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Physics , Umeå University , Umeå 90187 , Sweden
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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30
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Fan M, Jimenez JD, Shirodkar SN, Wu J, Chen S, Song L, Royko MM, Zhang J, Guo H, Cui J, Zuo K, Wang W, Zhang C, Yuan F, Vajtai R, Qian J, Yang J, Yakobson BI, Tour JM, Lauterbach J, Sun D, Ajayan PM. Atomic Ru Immobilized on Porous h-BN through Simple Vacuum Filtration for Highly Active and Selective CO2 Methanation. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Fan
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Nanjing Forestry University, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Juan D. Jimenez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | | | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Shuangming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Li Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Michael M. Royko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanshu Yuan
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jieshu Qian
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiazhi Yang
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | | | | | - Jochen Lauterbach
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Dongping Sun
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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31
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Tsai SH, Lei S, Zhu X, Tsai SP, Yin G, Che X, Deng P, Ng J, Zhang X, Lin WH, Jin Z, Qasem H, Zhou Z, Vajtai R, Yeh NC, Ajayan P, Xie YH, Wang KL. Interfacial States and Fano-Feshbach Resonance in Graphene-Silicon Vertical Junction. Nano Lett 2019; 19:6765-6771. [PMID: 31545901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial quantum states are drawing tremendous attention recently because of their importance in design of low-dimensional quantum heterostructures with desired charge, spin, or topological properties. Although most studies of the interfacial exchange interactions were mainly performed across the interface vertically, the lateral transport nowadays is still a major experimental method to probe these interactions indirectly. In this Letter, we fabricated a graphene and hydrogen passivated silicon interface to study the interfacial exchange processes. For the first time we found and confirmed a novel interfacial quantum state, which is specific to the 2D-3D interface. The vertically propagating electrons from silicon to graphene result in electron oscillation states at the 2D-3D interface. A harmonic oscillator model is used to explain this interfacial state. In addition, the interaction between this interfacial state (discrete energy spectrum) and the lateral band structure of graphene (continuous energy spectrum) results in Fano-Feshbach resonance. Our results show that the conventional description of the interfacial interaction in low-dimensional systems is valid only in considering the lateral band structure and its density-of-states and is incomplete for the ease of vertical transport. Our experimental observation and theoretical explanation provide more insightful understanding of various interfacial effects in low-dimensional materials, such as proximity effect, quantum tunneling, etc. More important, the Fano-Feshbach resonance may be used to realize all solid-state and scalable quantum interferometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hung Tsai
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Sidong Lei
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Georgia State University , 25 Park PI NE , Atlanta , Gerogia 30303 , United States
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Shiao-Po Tsai
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Gen Yin
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Peng Deng
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Jimmy Ng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Wei-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Zehua Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Hussam Qasem
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- National Center for Solar Energy Technology , Energy and Water Research Institute , King City for Science and Technology , Riyadh 114442 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongpo Zhou
- College of Physics and Material Science , Henan Normal University , Xinxiang 453007 , China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Nai-Chang Yeh
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Ya-Hong Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Kang L Wang
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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32
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Zhang B, Liu Y, Ren M, Li W, Zhang X, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Tour JM, Wang L. Sustainable Synthesis of Bright Green Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Alkali Lignin. ChemSusChem 2019; 12:4202-4210. [PMID: 31328347 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly biomass waste can be exploited for large-scale production of carbon nanomaterials. Here, alkali lignin was employed as a precursor to synthesize carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with bright green fluorescence through a simple one-pot route. The prepared CQDs had a size of 1.5-3.5 nm, were water-dispersible, and showed wonderful biocompatibility, in addition to their excellent photoluminescence and electrocatalysis properties. These high-quality CQDs could be used in a wide range of applications such as metal-ion detection, cell imaging, and electrocatalysis. The wide range of biomass lignin feedstocks provide a green, low-cost, and viable strategy for producing high-quality fluorescent CQDs and enable the conversion of biomass waste into high-value products that promote sustainable development of the economy and human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China
| | - Yijian Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China
| | - Muqing Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Weitao Li
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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33
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Swaminathan J, Enayat S, Meiyazhagan A, Robles Hernandez FC, Zhang X, Vajtai R, Vargas FM, Ajayan PM. Asphaltene-Derived Metal-Free Carbons for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:27697-27705. [PMID: 31291081 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The design of new and improved catalysts is an exciting field and is being constantly improved for the development of economically, highly efficient material and for the possible replacement of platinum (Pt)-based catalysts. In this, carbon-based materials play a pivotal role due to their easy availability and environment friendliness. Herein, we report a simple technique to synthesize layered, nitrogen-doped, porous carbon and activated carbons from an abundant petroleum asphaltene. The derived nitrogen-doped carbons were found to possess a graphene-like nanosheet (N-GNS) texture with a significant percentage of nitrogen embedded into the porous carbon skeleton. On the other hand, the activated porous carbon displayed a surface area (SA) of 2824 m2/g, which is significantly higher when compared to the nitrogen-doped carbons (SA of ∼243 m2/g). However, the nonactivated N-GNS were considered as an attractive candidate due to their high electrochemical active surface area, the presence of a mixture of porous structures, uniform layers, and effective doping of nitrogen atoms within the carbon matrix. Importantly, the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of the derived N-GNS sample illustrates a significant catalytic performance when compared to that of other nonfunctionalized carbons. Our current finding demonstrates the possibility of converting the asphaltene wastes into a high-value-functionalized porous carbon for catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco C Robles Hernandez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4020 , United States
| | | | - Robert Vajtai
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry , University of Szeged , Rerrich Béla tér 1 , Szeged H-6720 , Hungary
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34
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Chen X, Li Y, Wang L, Xu Y, Nie A, Li Q, Wu F, Sun W, Zhang X, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Chen L, Wang Y. High-Lithium-Affinity Chemically Exfoliated 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1901640. [PMID: 31155765 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with reversible redox behaviors are potential electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the sluggish lithium diffusion kinetics, poor electronic conductivity, low reversible capacities, and poor rate performance for most reported COF materials limit their further application. Herein, a new 2D COF (TFPB-COF) with six unsaturated benzene rings per repeating unit and ordered mesoporous pores (≈2.1 nm) is designed. A chemical stripping strategy is developed to obtain exfoliated few-layered COF nanosheets (E-TFPB-COF), whose restacking is prevented by the in situ formed MnO2 nanoparticles. Compared with the bulk TFPB-COF, the exfoliated TFPB-COF exhibits new active Li-storage sites associated with conjugated aromatic π electrons by facilitating faster ion/electron kinetics. The E-TFPB-COF/MnO2 and E-TFPB-COF electrodes exhibit large reversible capacities of 1359 and 968 mAh g-1 after 300 cycles with good high-rate capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yusen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science and Department of Chemistry Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Anmin Nie
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science and Department of Chemistry Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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35
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Zhang X, Jin Z, Wang L, Hachtel JA, Villarreal E, Wang Z, Ha T, Nakanishi Y, Tiwary CS, Lai J, Dong L, Yang J, Vajtai R, Ringe E, Idrobo JC, Yakobson BI, Lou J, Gambin V, Koltun R, Ajayan PM. Low Contact Barrier in 2H/1T' MoTe 2 In-Plane Heterostructure Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:12777-12785. [PMID: 30854848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-semiconductor contact has been a critical topic in the semiconductor industry because it influences device performance remarkably. Conventional metals have served as the major contact material in electronic and optoelectronic devices, but such a selection becomes increasingly inadequate for emerging novel materials such as two-dimensional (2D) materials. Deposited metals on semiconducting 2D channels usually form large resistance contacts due to the high Schottky barrier. A few approaches have been reported to reduce the contact resistance but they are not suitable for large-scale application or they cannot create a clean and sharp interface. In this study, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique is introduced to produce large-area semiconducting 2D material (2H MoTe2) planarly contacted by its metallic phase (1T' MoTe2). We demonstrate the phase-controllable synthesis and systematic characterization of large-area MoTe2 films, including pure 2H phase or 1T' phase, and 2H/1T' in-plane heterostructure. Theoretical simulation shows a lower Schottky barrier in 2H/1T' junction than in Ti/2H contact, which is confirmed by electrical measurement. This one-step CVD method to synthesize large-area, seamless-bonding 2D lateral metal-semiconductor junction can improve the performance of 2D electronic and optoelectronic devices, paving the way for large-scale 2D integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | | | | | - Teresa Ha
- NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation , Redondo Beach , California 90278 , United States
| | | | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , West Bengal 721301 , India
| | | | | | | | - Robert Vajtai
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér1. , Szeged , Hungary
| | | | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | | | | | - Vincent Gambin
- NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation , Redondo Beach , California 90278 , United States
| | - Rachel Koltun
- NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation , Redondo Beach , California 90278 , United States
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36
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Fan M, Wu J, Yuan J, Deng L, Zhong N, He L, Cui J, Wang Z, Behera SK, Zhang C, Lai J, Jawdat BI, Vajtai R, Deb P, Huang Y, Qian J, Yang J, Tour JM, Lou J, Chu CW, Sun D, Ajayan PM. Doping Nanoscale Graphene Domains Improves Magnetism in Hexagonal Boron Nitride. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1805778. [PMID: 30687974 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon doping can induce unique and interesting physical properties in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). Typically, isolated carbon atoms are doped into h-BN. Herein, however, the insertion of nanometer-scale graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is demonstrated as whole units into h-BN sheets to form h-CBN. The h-CBN is prepared by using GQDs as seed nucleations for the epitaxial growth of h-BN along the edges of GQDs without the assistance of metal catalysts. The resulting h-CBN sheets possess a uniform distrubution of GQDs in plane and a high porosity macroscopically. The h-CBN tends to form in small triangular sheets which suggests an enhanced crystallinity compared to the h-BN synthesized under the same conditions without GQDs. An enhanced ferromagnetism in the h-CBN emerges due to the spin polarization and charge asymmetry resulting from the high density of CN and CB bonds at the boundary between the GQDs and the h-BN domains. The saturation magnetic moment of h-CBN reaches 0.033 emu g-1 at 300 K, which is three times that of as-prepared single carbon-doped h-BN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Fan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Jiangtan Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Liang He
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiewu Cui
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zixing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sushant Kumar Behera
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University (Central University), Tezpur, 784028, India
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jiawei Lai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - BenMaan I Jawdat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pritam Deb
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Advanced Functional Material Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University (Central University), Tezpur, 784028, India
| | - Yang Huang
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jieshu Qian
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jiazhi Yang
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Dongping Sun
- Chemicobiology and Functional Materials Institute, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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37
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Jin Z, Ye F, Zhang X, Jia S, Dong L, Lei S, Vajtai R, Robinson JT, Lou J, Ajayan PM. Near-Field Coupled Integrable Two-Dimensional InSe Photosensor on Optical Fiber. ACS Nano 2018; 12:12571-12577. [PMID: 30481003 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals layered materials possess innate advantages as integrable sensors, due to their thinness, flexibility, and sensitivity. They can be seamlessly integrated onto surfaces with different geometries where detection for near-field signal is desired. In this study, we develop a device transfer technique to integrate device assemblies based on 2D materials onto an arbitrary smooth surface. Such technique utilizes a sacrificial polymer underlayer and achieves clean and nondestructive full device transfer. For demonstration, we transferred a complete 2D multilayer InSe photodetector device onto a stripped optical fiber. Due to the extreme vicinity of the 2D photodetector with the fiber core, the device can effectively couple with the evanescent field and accurately detect information transmitted inside the optical fiber. In addition, these super thin flexible device assemblies can be integrated onto the fibers themselves to non-invasively monitor the optical fiber performance. The demonstration of optically coupled, conformal 2D devices on substrates of different form factors can enable a variety of near-field optical and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Jin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Shuai Jia
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Liangliang Dong
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Sidong Lei
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Physics , Georgia State University , Atlanta , Georgia 30302 , United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jacob T Robinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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38
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Owuor PS, Tsafack T, Hwang HY, Sajadi M, Jung S, Li T, Susarla S, Wei B, Vajtai R, Lou J, Bhowmick S, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Interconnecting Bone Nanoparticles by Ovalbumin Molecules to Build a Three-Dimensional Low-Density and Tough Material. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:41757-41762. [PMID: 30379531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural building blocks like proteins and hydroxyapatite (HA) are found in abundance. However, their effective utilization to fabricate environment-friendly, strong, stiff, and tough materials remains a challenge. This work reports on the synthesis of a layered material from entirely natural building blocks. A simple process to extract HA from bones, while keeping collagen intact, is presented. These HA nanocrystals have a high aspect ratio as a result of the extraction method that largely retains the pristine nature of the HA. To fabricate the materials, polymerized egg white is used to induce toughness to the crystals where it acts like a load transfer entity between the crystals. As shown by atomic force microscope modulus mapping, the result is a layered material with a modulus that ranges from 3 to 180 GPa. Furthermore, the material exhibits self-stiffening behavior. Hydrogen and ionic bonds are likely to regulate the chemical interactions at the egg white/HA interface and are likely to be responsible for the observed high toughness and stiffness, respectively. The use of the HA/egg white composite as printed scaffolds is also demonstrated together with their biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Samora Owuor
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Thierry Tsafack
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Hye Yoon Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Mohamed Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Seohui Jung
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Tong Li
- University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Bingqing Wei
- University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Sanjit Bhowmick
- Bruker Nano Surfaces , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55344 , United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , West-Bengal 721302 , India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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39
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Susarla S, Hachtel JA, Yang X, Kutana A, Apte A, Jin Z, Vajtai R, Idrobo JC, Lou J, Yakobson BI, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Thermally Induced 2D Alloy-Heterostructure Transformation in Quaternary Alloys. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1804218. [PMID: 30198162 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Composition and phase specific 2D transition metal dichalogenides (2D TMDs) with a controlled electronic and chemical structure are essential for future electronics. While alloying allows bandgap tunability, heterostructure formation creates atomically sharp electronic junctions. Herein, the formation of lateral heterostructures from quaternary 2D TMD alloys, by thermal annealing, is demonstrated. Phase separation is observed through photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy, and the sharp interface of the lateral heterostructure is examined via scanning transmission electron microscopy. The composition-dependent transformation is caused by existence of miscibility gap in the quaternary alloys. The phase diagram displaying the miscibility gap is obtained from the reciprocal solution model based on density functional theory and verified experimentally. The experiments show direct evidence of composition-driven heterostructure formation in 2D atomic layer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Susarla
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Xiting Yang
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alex Kutana
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zehua Jin
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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40
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Meiyazhagan A, Aliyan A, Ayyappan A, Moreno-Gonzalez I, Susarla S, Yazdi S, Cuanalo-Contreras K, Khabashesku VN, Vajtai R, Martí AA, Ajayan PM. Soft-Lithographic Patterning of Luminescent Carbon Nanodots Derived from Collagen Waste. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:36275-36283. [PMID: 30270613 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent carbon dots (Cdots) synthesized using inexpensive precursors have inspired tremendous research interest because of their superior properties and applicability in various fields. In this work, we report a simple, economical, green route for the synthesis of multifunctional fluorescent Cdots prepared from a natural, low-cost source: collagen extracted from animal skin wastes. The as-synthesized metal-free Cdots were found to be in the size range of ∼1.2-9 nm, emitting bright blue photoluminescence with a calculated Cdot yield of ∼63%. Importantly, the soft-lithographic method used was inexpensive and yielded a variety of Cdot patterns with different geometrical structures and significant cellular biocompatibility. This novel approach to Cdot production highlights innovative ways of transforming industrial biowastes into advanced multifunctional materials which offer exciting potential for applications in nanophotonics and nanobiotechnology using a simple and scalable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ines Moreno-Gonzalez
- Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School , University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | | | | | - Karina Cuanalo-Contreras
- Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School , University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Valery N Khabashesku
- Center for Technology Innovation , Baker Hughes Inc. , Houston , Texas 77040 , United States
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41
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Lee C, Ozden S, Tewari CS, Park OK, Vajtai R, Chatterjee K, Ajayan PM. MoS 2 -Carbon Nanotube Porous 3 D Network for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemSusChem 2018; 11:2960-2966. [PMID: 29858561 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201800982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Future generation power requirement triggers the increasing search for electrocatalysts towards oxygen reduction, which is the pivotal part to enhance the activity of metal-air batteries and fuel cells. The present article reports a novel 3 D composite structure weaving 1 D carbon nanotubes (CNT) and 2 D MoS2 nanosheets. The MoS2 -CNT composite exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline environment. Measurements show better methanol immunity and higher durability than Pt/C, which is considered the state-of-the-art catalyst for ORR. Experimental results suggest that the hybridization of 1 D functionalized multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) and exfoliated 2 D MoS2 nanosheet results significant synergistic effect, which greatly promotes the ORR activity. This work presents a new avenue to rationally design a 3 D porous composite out of 1 D and 2 D interlaced components and demonstrate appreciable electrochemical performance of the materials towards ORR activity for fuel cells as well as metal-air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheesung Lee
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Sehmus Ozden
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Chandra S Tewari
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ok-Kyung Park
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Kuntal Chatterjee
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Technophysics, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
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42
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Puthirath Balan A, Radhakrishnan S, Woellner CF, Sinha SK, Deng L, Reyes CDL, Rao BM, Paulose M, Neupane R, Apte A, Kochat V, Vajtai R, Harutyunyan AR, Chu CW, Costin G, Galvao DS, Martí AA, van Aken PA, Varghese OK, Tiwary CS, Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer A, Ajayan PM. Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:602-609. [PMID: 29736036 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Puthirath Balan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sruthi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristiano F Woellner
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Shyam K Sinha
- Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Maggie Paulose
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ram Neupane
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Douglas S Galvao
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Angel A Martí
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Anantharaman Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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43
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Gautam C, Chakravarty D, Gautam A, Tiwary CS, Woellner CF, Mishra VK, Ahmad N, Ozden S, Jose S, Biradar S, Vajtai R, Trivedi R, Galvao DS, Ajayan PM. Synthesis and 3D Interconnected Nanostructured h-BN-Based Biocomposites by Low-Temperature Plasma Sintering: Bone Regeneration Applications. ACS Omega 2018; 3:6013-6021. [PMID: 30023937 PMCID: PMC6045471 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances and demands in biomedical applications drive a large amount of research to synthesize easily scalable low-density, high-strength, and wear-resistant biomaterials. The chemical inertness with low density combined with high strength makes h-BN one of the promising materials for such application. In this work, three-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) interconnected with boron trioxide (B2O3) was prepared by easily scalable and energy efficient spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. The composite structure shows significant densification (1.6-1.9 g/cm3) and high surface area (0.97-14.5 m2/g) at an extremely low SPS temperature of 250 °C. A high compressive strength of 291 MPa with a reasonably good wear resistance was obtained for the composite structure. The formation of strong covalent bonds between h-BN and B2O3 was formulated and established by molecular dynamics simulation. The composite showed significant effect on cell viability/proliferation. It shows a high mineralized nodule formation over the control, which suggests its use as a possible osteogenic agent in bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandkiram Gautam
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India
- E-mail: . Tel: +91-8840389015
| | - Dibyendu Chakravarty
- International
Advanced Research Center for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur, P. O., Hyderabad, Telangana 500005, India
| | - Amarendra Gautam
- Department
of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Cristiano Francisco Woellner
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied
Physics Department, State University of
Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas, São
Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Vijay Kumar Mishra
- Endocrinology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- Endocrinology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Sehmus Ozden
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sujin Jose
- School
of
Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625021, India
| | - Santoshkumar Biradar
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Douglas S. Galvao
- Applied
Physics Department, State University of
Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas, São
Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department
of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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44
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Bai M, Xie K, Yuan K, Zhang K, Li N, Shen C, Lai Y, Vajtai R, Ajayan P, Wei B. A Scalable Approach to Dendrite-Free Lithium Anodes via Spontaneous Reduction of Spray-Coated Graphene Oxide Layers. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1801213. [PMID: 29806166 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Li-metal batteries (LiMBs) are experiencing a renaissance; however, achieving scalable production of dendrite-free Li anodes for practical application is still a formidable challenge. Herein, a facile and universal method is developed to directly reduce graphene oxide (GO) using alkali metals (e.g., Li, Na, and K) in moderate conditions. Based on this innovation, a spontaneously reduced graphene coating can be designed and modulated on a Li surface (SR-G-Li). The symmetrical SR-G-Li|SR-G-Li cell can run up to 1000 cycles at a high practical current density of 5 mA cm-2 without a short circuit, demonstrating one of the longest lifespans reported with LiPF6 -based carbonate electrolytes. More significantly, a practically scalable paradigm is established to fabricate dendrite-free Li anodes by spraying a GO layer on the Li anode surface for large-scale production of LiFePO4 /Li pouch cells, reflected by the continuous manufacturing of the SR-G-Li anodes based on the roll-to-roll technology. The strategy provides new commercial opportunities to both LiMBs and graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Lai
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Bingqing Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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45
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Kochat V, Samanta A, Zhang Y, Bhowmick S, Manimunda P, Asif SAS, Stender AS, Vajtai R, Singh AK, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Atomically thin gallium layers from solid-melt exfoliation. Sci Adv 2018; 4:e1701373. [PMID: 29536039 PMCID: PMC5844710 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Among the large number of promising two-dimensional (2D) atomic layer crystals, true metallic layers are rare. Using combined theoretical and experimental approaches, we report on the stability and successful exfoliation of atomically thin "gallenene" sheets on a silicon substrate, which has two distinct atomic arrangements along crystallographic twin directions of the parent α-gallium. With a weak interface between solid and molten phases of gallium, a solid-melt interface exfoliation technique is developed to extract these layers. Phonon dispersion calculations show that gallenene can be stabilized with bulk gallium lattice parameters. The electronic band structure of gallenene shows a combination of partially filled Dirac cone and the nonlinear dispersive band near the Fermi level, suggesting that gallenene should behave as a metallic layer. Furthermore, it is observed that the strong interaction of gallenene with other 2D semiconductors induces semiconducting to metallic phase transitions in the latter, paving the way for using gallenene as promising metallic contacts in 2D devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Kochat
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Atanu Samanta
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anthony S. Stender
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Abhishek K. Singh
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Chandra S. Tiwary
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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46
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Zhu X, Lei S, Tsai SH, Zhang X, Liu J, Yin G, Tang M, Torres CM, Navabi A, Jin Z, Tsai SP, Qasem H, Wang Y, Vajtai R, Lake RK, Ajayan PM, Wang KL. A Study of Vertical Transport through Graphene toward Control of Quantum Tunneling. Nano Lett 2018; 18:682-688. [PMID: 29300487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Vertical integration of van der Waals (vdW) materials with atomic precision is an intriguing possibility brought forward by these two-dimensional (2D) materials. Essential to the design and analysis of these structures is a fundamental understanding of the vertical transport of charge carriers into and across vdW materials, yet little has been done in this area. In this report, we explore the important roles of single layer graphene in the vertical tunneling process as a tunneling barrier. Although a semimetal in the lateral lattice plane, graphene together with the vdW gap act as a tunneling barrier that is nearly transparent to the vertically tunneling electrons due to its atomic thickness and the transverse momenta mismatch between the injected electrons and the graphene band structure. This is accentuated using electron tunneling spectroscopy (ETS) showing a lack of features corresponding to the Dirac cone band structure. Meanwhile, the graphene acts as a lateral conductor through which the potential and charge distribution across the tunneling barrier can be tuned. These unique properties make graphene an excellent 2D atomic grid, transparent to charge carriers, and yet can control the carrier flux via the electrical potential. A new model on the quantum capacitance's effect on vertical tunneling is developed to further elucidate the role of graphene in modulating the tunneling process. This work may serve as a general guideline for the design and analysis of vdW vertical tunneling devices and heterostructures, as well as the study of electron/spin injection through and into vdW materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhu
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sidong Lei
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shin-Hung Tsai
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- Center of Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Gen Yin
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Min Tang
- Center of Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Carlos M Torres
- Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152, United States
| | - Aryan Navabi
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zehua Jin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shiao-Po Tsai
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hussam Qasem
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Center of Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zhe Da Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Roger K Lake
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside , 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kang L Wang
- Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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47
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Soto M, Vajtai R, Ajayan PM, Barrera EV. Carbon nanotube conditioning part 1-effect of interwall interaction on the electronic band gap of double-walled carbon nanotubes. Nanotechnology 2018; 29:045701. [PMID: 29199975 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9f05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio density functional theory simulations were used to calculate the electronic structure and the total energy of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). The relaxed configurations studied were uncapped, infinitely-long zigzag@zigzag double-walled carbon nanotubes. The lowest energy configuration was found to correspond to an interwall distance of 0.35 nm, except for the configurations with inner tube chiral indices (5,0), (6,0) and (7,0). The largest binding energies were found to correspond to a 0.35 nm interwall distance for all the DWCNT configurations studied, and increasing with DWCNT average diameter. In terms of the effect of the interwall interaction on the electronic band gap of DWCNTs, four regions of band gap were obtained which were termed: zero band gap, narrow band gap, small band gap, and medium band gap regions. These regions offer the possibility to first tune the electronic band gap to a region with a desired range, and further tune that choice within the region itself by varying the interwall distance. It was also found that zigzag@zigzag DWCNTs with outer tube leading chiral index n = 3k + 1 or n = 3k + 2 (k being an integer) follow, as a general trend, an inversely proportional relation of the electronic band gap with respect to the average diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soto
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
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48
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Sajadi SM, Owuor PS, Schara S, Woellner CF, Rodrigues V, Vajtai R, Lou J, Galvão DS, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Multiscale Geometric Design Principles Applied to 3D Printed Schwarzites. Adv Mater 2018; 30:1704820. [PMID: 29141112 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Schwartzites are 3D porous solids with periodic minimal surfaces having negative Gaussian curvatures and can possess unusual mechanical and electronic properties. The mechanical behavior of primitive and gyroid schwartzite structures across different length scales is investigated after these geometries are 3D printed at centimeter length scales based on molecular models. Molecular dynamics and finite elements simulations are used to gain further understanding on responses of these complex solids under compressive loads and kinetic impact experiments. The results show that these structures hold great promise as high load bearing and impact-resistant materials due to a unique layered deformation mechanism that emerges in these architectures during loading. Easily scalable techniques such as 3D printing can be used for exploring mechanical behavior of various predicted complex geometrical shapes to build innovative engineered materials with tunable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Peter Samora Owuor
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Steven Schara
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Cristiano F Woellner
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Varlei Rodrigues
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Douglas S Galvão
- Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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49
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wu J, Xu H, Wen X, Zhang X, Tiwary CS, Yang W, Vajtai R, Zhang Y, Chopra N, Odeh IN, Wu Y, Ajayan PM. Cryo-mediated exfoliation and fracturing of layered materials into 2D quantum dots. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1701500. [PMID: 29250597 PMCID: PMC5731999 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin quantum dots from layered materials promise new science and applications, but their scalable synthesis and separation have been challenging. We demonstrate a universal approach for the preparation of quantum dots from a series of materials, such as graphite, MoS2, WS2, h-BN, TiS2, NbS2, Bi2Se3, MoTe2, Sb2Te3, etc., using a cryo-mediated liquid-phase exfoliation and fracturing process. The method relies on liquid nitrogen pretreatment of bulk layered materials before exfoliation and breakdown into atomically thin two-dimensional quantum dots of few-nanometer lateral dimensions, exhibiting size-confined optical properties. This process is efficient for a variety of common solvents with a wide range of surface tension parameters and eliminates the use of surfactants, resulting in pristine quantum dots without surfactant covering or chemical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Xiewen Wen
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Nitin Chopra
- Saudi Basic Industries Corporation, Sugar Land, TX 77478, USA
| | - Ihab Nizar Odeh
- Saudi Basic Industries Corporation, Sugar Land, TX 77478, USA
| | - Yucheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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50
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Xie K, Yuan K, Li X, Lu W, Shen C, Liang C, Vajtai R, Ajayan P, Wei B. Superior Potassium Ion Storage via Vertical MoS 2 "Nano-Rose" with Expanded Interlayers on Graphene. Small 2017; 13:1701471. [PMID: 28941005 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Potassium has its unique advantages over lithium or sodium as a charge carrier in rechargeable batteries. However, progresses in K-ion battery (KIB) chemistry have so far been hindered by lacking suitable electrode materials to host the relatively large K+ ions compared to its Li+ and Na+ counterparts. Herein, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) "roses" grown on reduced graphene oxide sheets (MoS2 @rGO) are synthesized via a two-step solvothermal route. The as-synthesized MoS2 @rGO composite, with expanded interlayer spacing of MoS2 , chemically bonded between MoS2 and rGO, and a unique nano-architecture, displays the one of the best electrochemical performances to date as an anode material for nonaqueous KIBs. More importantly, a combined K+ storage mechanism of intercalation and conversion reaction is also revealed. The findings presented indicate the enormous potential of layered metal dichalcogenides as advanced electrode materials for high-performance KIBs and also provide new insights and understanding of K+ storage mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77050, USA
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Lu
- University Research Facility in Materials Characterization and Device Fabrication, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Chenglu Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77050, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77050, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77050, USA
| | - Bingqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, NJ, DE, 19716, USA
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