1
|
Srisawat K, Stead CA, Hesketh K, Pogson M, Strauss JA, Cocks M, Siekmann I, Phillips SM, Lisboa PJ, Shepherd S, Burniston JG. People with obesity exhibit losses in muscle proteostasis that are partly improved by exercise training. Proteomics 2023:e2300395. [PMID: 37963832 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
This pilot experiment examines if a loss in muscle proteostasis occurs in people with obesity and whether endurance exercise positively influences either the abundance profile or turnover rate of proteins in this population. Men with (n = 3) or without (n = 4) obesity were recruited and underwent a 14-d measurement protocol of daily deuterium oxide (D2 O) consumption and serial biopsies of vastus lateralis muscle. Men with obesity then completed 10-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), encompassing 3 sessions per week of cycle ergometer exercise with 1 min intervals at 100% maximum aerobic power interspersed by 1 min recovery periods. The number of intervals per session progressed from 4 to 8, and during weeks 8-10 the 14-d measurement protocol was repeated. Proteomic analysis detected 352 differences (p < 0.05, false discovery rate < 5%) in protein abundance and 19 (p < 0.05) differences in protein turnover, including components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. HIIT altered the abundance of 53 proteins and increased the turnover rate of 22 proteins (p < 0.05) and tended to benefit proteostasis by increasing muscle protein turnover rates. Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with compromised muscle proteostasis, which may be partially restored by endurance exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor A Stead
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katie Hesketh
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Pogson
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Matt Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ivo Siekmann
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paulo J Lisboa
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin V, Devine PWA, Saunders JC, Barendregt A, Cusdin F, Ristani A, Hines A, Shepherd S, Dembek M, Dobson CL, Snijder J, Bond NJ, Heck AJR. Stochastic assembly of biomacromolecular complexes: impact and implications on charge interpretation in native mass spectrometry. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9316-9327. [PMID: 37712025 PMCID: PMC10498669 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03228k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Native mass spectrometry is a potent method for characterizing biomacromolecular assemblies. A critical aspect to extracting accurate mass information is the correct inference of the ion ensemble charge states. While a variety of experimental strategies and algorithms have been developed to facilitate this, virtually all approaches rely on the implicit assumption that any peaks in a native mass spectrum can be directly attributed to an underlying charge state distribution. Here, we demonstrate that this paradigm breaks down for several types of macromolecular protein complexes due to the intrinsic heterogeneity induced by the stochastic nature of their assembly. Utilizing several protein assemblies of adeno-associated virus capsids and ferritin, we demonstrate that these particles can produce a variety of unexpected spectral appearances, some of which appear superficially similar to a resolved charge state distribution. When interpreted using conventional charge inference strategies, these distorted spectra can lead to substantial errors in the calculated mass (up to ∼5%). We provide a novel analytical framework to interpret and extract mass information from these spectra by combining high-resolution native mass spectrometry, single particle Orbitrap-based charge detection mass spectrometry, and sophisticated spectral simulations based on a stochastic assembly model. We uncover that these mass spectra are extremely sensitive to not only mass heterogeneity within the subunits, but also to the magnitude and width of their charge state distributions. As we postulate that many protein complexes assemble stochastically, this framework provides a generalizable solution, further extending the usability of native mass spectrometry in the characterization of biomacromolecular assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Yin
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Paul W A Devine
- Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Janet C Saunders
- In Vivo Expressed Biologics, Discovery Sciences, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Arjan Barendregt
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Fiona Cusdin
- In Vivo Expressed Biologics, Discovery Sciences, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Alexandra Ristani
- In Vivo Expressed Biologics, Discovery Sciences, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Alistair Hines
- Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Marcin Dembek
- Purification Process Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Claire L Dobson
- In Vivo Expressed Biologics, Discovery Sciences, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Joost Snijder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Bond
- Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Development, R & D, AstraZeneca Granta Park Cambridge UK
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rose AM, Goncalves T, Cunniffe S, Geiller HEB, Kent T, Shepherd S, Ratnaweera M, O’Sullivan R, Gibbons R, Clynes D. Induction of the alternative lengthening of telomeres pathway by trapping of proteins on DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:6509-6527. [PMID: 36940725 PMCID: PMC10359465 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere maintenance is a hallmark of malignant cells and allows cancers to divide indefinitely. In some cancers, this is achieved through the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway. Whilst loss of ATRX is a near universal feature of ALT-cancers, it is insufficient in isolation. As such, other cellular events must be necessary - but the exact nature of the secondary events has remained elusive. Here, we report that trapping of proteins (such as TOP1, TOP2A and PARP1) on DNA leads to ALT induction in cells lacking ATRX. We demonstrate that protein-trapping chemotherapeutic agents, such as etoposide, camptothecin and talazoparib, induce ALT markers specifically in ATRX-null cells. Further, we show that treatment with G4-stabilising drugs cause an increase in trapped TOP2A levels which leads to ALT induction in ATRX-null cells. This process is MUS81-endonuclease and break-induced replication dependent, suggesting that protein trapping leads to replication fork stalling, with these forks being aberrantly processed in the absence of ATRX. Finally, we show ALT-positive cells harbour a higher load of genome-wide trapped proteins, such as TOP1, and knockdown of TOP1 reduced ALT activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that protein trapping is a fundamental driving force behind ALT-biology in ATRX-deficient malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Rose
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tomas Goncalves
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Siobhan Cunniffe
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Thomas Kent
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Roderick J O’Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richard J Gibbons
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - David Clynes
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shepherd S, Tribello GA, Wilkins DM. A fully quantum-mechanical treatment for kaolinite. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2892274. [PMID: 37220200 DOI: 10.1063/5.0152361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural network potentials for kaolinite minerals have been fitted to data extracted from density functional theory calculations that were performed using the revPBE + D3 and revPBE + vdW functionals. These potentials have then been used to calculate the static and dynamic properties of the mineral. We show that revPBE + vdW is better at reproducing the static properties. However, revPBE + D3 does a better job of reproducing the experimental IR spectrum. We also consider what happens to these properties when a fully quantum treatment of the nuclei is employed. We find that nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) do not make a substantial difference to the static properties. However, when NQEs are included, the dynamic properties of the material change substantially.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Shepherd
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth A Tribello
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - David M Wilkins
- Centre for Quantum Materials and Technologies, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kurapothula PJ, Shepherd S, Wilkins DM. Competing Nuclear Quantum Effects and Hydrogen-Bond Jumps in Hydrated Kaolinite. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1542-1547. [PMID: 36745462 PMCID: PMC9940297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent work has shown that the dynamics of hydrogen bonds in pure clays are affected by nuclear quantum fluctuations, with different effects for the hydrogen bonds holding different layers of the clay together and for those within the same layer. At the clay-water interface there is an even wider range of types of hydrogen bond, suggesting that the quantum effects may be yet more varied. We apply classical and thermostated ring polymer molecular dynamics simulations to show that nuclear quantum effects accelerate hydrogen-bond dynamics to varying degrees. By interpreting the results in terms of the extended jump model of hydrogen-bond switching, we can understand the origins of these effects in terms of changes in the quantum kinetic energy of hydrogen atoms during an exchange. We also show that the extended jump mechanism is applicable not only to the hydrogen bonds involving water, but also those internal to the clay.
Collapse
|
6
|
Grauslyte L, Gaffey D, Shepherd S. HYBRID MODEL FOR TRAINING HYBRID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION SPECIALISTS. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
|
7
|
Sherman E, Tsai F, Janku F, Allen C, Yaeger R, Ammakkanavar N, Butowski N, Michelson G, Paz M, Tussay-Lindenberg A, Wang K, Shepherd S, Dehan E, de la Fuente M, Rodon J. 466P Efficacy of BRAF inhibitor FORE8394 in BRAF V600+ patients. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
8
|
Robbins N, Shepherd S, Graham P. Cholesterol measurement – unexpected results in a commutable EQA program. Pathology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.12.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Kurapothula PKJ, Shepherd S, Wilkins DM. Hydrogen-bonding and nuclear quantum effects in clays. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084702. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0083075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds are of paramount importance in the chemistry of clays, mediating the interaction between the clay surface and water, and for some materials between separate layers. It is well-established that the accuracy of a computational model for clays depends on the level of theory at which the electronic structure is treated. However, for hydrogen-bonded systems, the motion of light H nuclei on the electronic potential energy surface is often affected by quantum delocalization. Using path integral molecular dynamics, we show that nuclear quantum effects lead to a relatively small change in the structure of clays, but one that is comparable to the variation incurred by treating the clay at different levels of electronic structure theory. Accounting for quantum effects weakens the hydrogen bonds in clays, with H-bonds between different layers of the clay affected more than those within the same layer; this is ascribed to the fact that the confinement of an H atom inside a layer is independent of its participation in hydrogen-bonding. More importantly, the weakening of hydrogen bonds by nuclear quantum effects causes changes in the vibrational spectra of these systems, significantly shifting the O–H stretching peaks and meaning that in order to fully understand these spectra by computational modeling, both electronic and nuclear quantum effects must be included. We show that after reparameterization of the popular clay forcefield CLAYFF, the O–H stretching region of their vibrational spectra better matches the experimental one, with no detriment to the model’s agreement with other experimental properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K. J. Kurapothula
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Wilkins
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martin H, Joseph S, Shepherd S, Di Marco M, Dunne J, Horrocks I, Ahmed SF, Wong SC. Observer Agreement of Vertebral Fracture Grading Using Dual Energy Absorptiometry Vertebral Fracture Assessment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Clin Densitom 2021; 24:622-629. [PMID: 33583717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Routine screening of the spine for vertebral fracture is recommended in the recent international standards of care for boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Recent international consensus endorses the use of dual energy absorptiometry vertebral fracture assessment for identification of vertebral fractures in children, which could be used instead of spine radiographs. This study aims to evaluate the inter-observer agreement for vertebral fracture classification in boys with DMD, and the impact on clinical management. Dual energy absorptiometry vertebral fracture assessment and morphometric analysis in 39 boys was performed by a reader with no prior experience (R1) and 2 readers with experience (R2 and R3). Inter-observer concordance of vertebral fracture grading comparing R1 with R2 and R3 was substantial (Kappa 0.66, 95% CI 0.56, 0.76). Concordance between R2 and R3 was almost perfect (Kappa 0.93, 95% CI 0.89, 0.97) which did not lead to differences in clinical management. Grading by R1 in comparison to R2 and R3 would have led to change in management of 5/39 boys (13%), according to recent standards of care guidance. Structured education programme on identification of vertebral fractures should be explored to ensure consistency of reporting of this important health outcome measure in DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Martin
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Shuko Joseph
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - S Shepherd
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Marina Di Marco
- Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow; Scottish Muscle Network, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Dunne
- Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - Iain Horrocks
- Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - S Faisal Ahmed
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
| | - Sze Choong Wong
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, University of Glasgow, Glasgow.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shepherd S, Lan J, Wilkins DM, Kapil V. Efficient Quantum Vibrational Spectroscopy of Water with High-Order Path Integrals: From Bulk to Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9108-9114. [PMID: 34523941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy is key in probing the interplay between the structure and dynamics of aqueous systems. To map different regions of experimental spectra to the microscopic structure of a system, it is important to combine them with first-principles atomistic simulations that incorporate the quantum nature of nuclei. Here we show that the large cost of calculating the quantum vibrational spectra of aqueous systems can be dramatically reduced compared with standard path integral methods by using approximate quantum dynamics based on high-order path integrals. Together with state-of-the-art machine-learned electronic properties, our approach gives an excellent description not only of the infrared and Raman spectra of bulk water but also of the 2D correlation and the more challenging sum-frequency generation spectra of the water-air interface. This paves the way for understanding complex interfaces such as water encapsulated between or in contact with hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials through robust and inexpensive surface-sensitive and multidimensional spectra with first-principles accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Shepherd
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - David M Wilkins
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Venkat Kapil
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW,United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tey A, Shaw B, Cardamone L, Shepherd S, Paul E, Rogers B, Shortt J. Risk factors for invasive fungal infection in 5-azacytidine treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Eur J Haematol 2021; 107:181-189. [PMID: 33829584 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The rate of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving 5-azacytidine is incompletely defined and published recommendations for mold-active fungal prophylaxis in such patients vary according to source. We performed a retrospective cohort study in order to identify contemporary IFI rates and infection-related mortality in relation to known risk factors and the use of antifungal prophylaxis. One hundred and seventeen patients receiving 5-azacytidine for MDS and low blast count AML were identified, of whom 71 (61%) received antifungal prophylaxis. The IFI rate was 7.7% across the entire cohort: 5.6% in those receiving prophylaxis vs 10.9% in the subgroup who did not (P = .30). The presence of neutropenia at three months of treatment was associated with increased IFI risk (hazard ratio [HR] 8.29; (95% confidence interval [CI)] 1.61-42.6; P = .01), and on multivariate analysis, IFI was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality risk (HR 8.37; 95% CI 3.67 - 19.11; P < .0001). These data further highlight the risk of IFI in this population and support the use of mold-active prophylaxis in neutropenic patients receiving 5-azacytidine for MDS and AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Tey
- Pharmacy Department, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Briony Shaw
- Monash Haematology, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Luke Cardamone
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Pharmacy Department, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Eldho Paul
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Ben Rogers
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Jake Shortt
- Monash Haematology, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Capaldi N, Kao KT, MacDonald R, Grainger KC, Joseph S, Shepherd S, Mason A, Wong SC. Feasibility of Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Based Images for Measurement of Height, Sitting Height, and Leg Length in Children. J Clin Densitom 2020; 23:472-481. [PMID: 30098887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interpretation of pediatric bone mineral density by dual energy absorptiometry (DXA) requires adjustment for height (Ht). This is often not easily obtainable in nonambulant subjects. AIMS To investigate the feasibility of using DXA images to evaluate measurements of Ht, sitting height (SH), and leg length (LL). METHODOLOGY A total of 2 observers performed measurements of Ht, SH, and LL on 3 separate occasion using DXA digital images in 125 children. Intraclass correlation and relative technical error of measurement (rTEM) were performed to assess reliability of repeated measurements. In 25 children, Ht and SH were measured in clinic on the same day and Bland-Altman analysis was performed to compare DXA measured Ht, SH, LL with clinic measurements for these 25 children. RESULTS Intraclass correlation for DXA based Ht, SH, and LL measurements ranged from 0.996 to 0.998 (p < 0.0001). rTEM of Ht, SH, and LL for observer 1 was 0.0016%, 0.002%, and 0.0034%, respectively. rTEM of Ht, SH, and LL between observer 1 and 2 was 0.0047%, 0.0049%, and 0.0087%, respectively. Mean difference between clinic and DXA measurements from Bland-Altman plots were +0.57 cm (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.54 to +1.68) for Ht, +1.33cm (-1.60 to +4.24) for SH, and -0.76cm (-3.88 to +2.37) for LL. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated for the first time that Ht, SH, and LL in children can be measured very precisely using DXA images. Ht can be measured accurately. We believe this may be a convenient method to obtain Ht measurements to allow size adjustment of DXA bone mineral density in immobile children with chronic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Capaldi
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - K T Kao
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - R MacDonald
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - K C Grainger
- Department of Sports Science, London Metropolitan University, London
| | - S Joseph
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow; Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Shepherd
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - A Mason
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow
| | - S C Wong
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alowaish OR, Langan-Evans C, Shepherd S, Morton J. BOX-HIT IS PERCEIVED MORE ENJOYABLE AND AS PHYSIOLOGICALLY DEMANDING AS RUN-CONT AND HIT-RUN. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000676664.46710.f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Srisawat K, Hesketh K, Cocks M, Strauss J, Edwards BJ, Lisboa PJ, Shepherd S, Burniston JG. Reliability of Protein Abundance and Synthesis Measurements in Human Skeletal Muscle. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1900194. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchana Srisawat
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Katie Hesketh
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Matt Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Juliette Strauss
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Ben J. Edwards
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Paulo J. Lisboa
- Department of Applied MathematicsLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| | - Jatin G. Burniston
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wood FL, Shepherd S, Hayes A, Liu M, Grira K, Mok Y, Atrash B, Faisal A, Bavetsias V, Linardopoulos S, Blagg J, Raynaud FI. Metabolism of the dual FLT-3/Aurora kinase inhibitor CCT241736 in preclinical and human in vitro models: Implication for the choice of toxicology species. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 139:104899. [PMID: 30953752 PMCID: PMC6892276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
CCT241736 is a dual fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)/Aurora kinase inhibitor in development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. The successful development of any new drug relies on adequate safety testing including preclinical toxicology studies. Selection of an appropriate preclinical species requires a thorough understanding of the compound's metabolic clearance and pathways, as well as other pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. In addition, elucidation of the metabolising enzymes in human facilitates improved clinical prediction based on population pharmacokinetics and can inform drug-drug interaction studies. Intrinsic clearance (CLint) determination and metabolite profiling of CCT241736 in human and four preclinical species (dog, minipig, rat and mouse) was undertaken in cryopreserved hepatocytes and liver microsomes. Recombinant human cytochrome P450 bactosomes (rCYP) were utilised to provide reaction phenotyping data and support prediction of metabolic pathways. CCT241736 exhibited low CLint in both hepatocytes and liver microsomes of human, dog, minipig and rat, but considerably higher CLint in mouse. CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 were identified as the major enzymes responsible for biotransformation of CCT241736 in human, exclusively forming five out of seven metabolites. Minipig showed greatest similarity to human with regard to both overall metabolic profile and abundance of specific metabolites relative to parent compound, and is therefore proposed as the most appropriate toxicological species. The greatest disparity was observed between human and dog. Based on metabolic profile, either mouse or rat is a suitable rodent species for toxicology studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca L Wood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manjuan Liu
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katia Grira
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Mok
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Butrus Atrash
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Faisal
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vassilios Bavetsias
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Battisti N, Lee K, Shepherd S, Rogerson F, Mohammed K, Allen M, Ring A. Safety and efficacy of T-DM1 in 128 patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer: The Royal Marsden experience. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz242.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
18
|
Devan H, Perry MA, van Hattem A, Thurlow G, Shepherd S, Muchemwa C, Grainger R. Do pain management websites foster self-management support for people with persistent pain? A scoping review. Patient Educ Couns 2019; 102:1590-1601. [PMID: 30981410 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if the contents of pain management websites include the current best practice self-management support strategies for people with persistent pain, are cultural tailored and to determine the website quality. METHODS Websites were searched from three major search engines (Google, Bing, and Yahoo). Websites providing information on self-management strategies and websites that were freely available to the public were included. The website contents were evaluated using a 14-item self-management support (SMS-14) checklist. Website quality was assessed using the Health On the Net code (HONcode) certification. RESULTS Of the twenty-seven websites evaluated, the websites scored a median of nine items (range 1-13) from the SMS-14 checklist. The websites LivePlanBe, ACI Pain Management Network and MyJointPain top-scored (13/14) from the SMS-14 checklist. One website (ACI Pain Management Network) provided culturally tailored information and HONcode certification was present in six websites. CONCLUSIONS The review identified 27 contemporary pain management websites that could be used for self-management skills training. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Clinicians could refer people with persistent pain to top ranked websites - LivePlanBe, ACI Pain Management Network, and MyJointPain for enabling self-management skills, with the caveats that most websites lacked cultural tailoring, and have limited or no evidence of clinical efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemakumar Devan
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research (CHARR), School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Meredith A Perry
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research (CHARR), School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Greg Thurlow
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Sam Shepherd
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Carol Muchemwa
- School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Grainger
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shepherd S, Jevons EFP, Strauss JA, Gejl KD, Jensen K, Hvid LG, Frandsen U, Sahlin K, Ørtenblad N. Acute Carbohydrate Restriction During Recovery From Prolonged Exercise Enhances Intramuscular Triglyceride Resynthesis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000561645.01152.ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Scott S, Shepherd S, Hopkins N, Dawson E, Wright D, Cooper B, Wagenmakers A, Cocks M. Home‐Based High‐Intensity Interval Training Improves Muscle Capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase Protein Ratio in Obese Individuals with Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.834.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Scott
- Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Ellen Dawson
- Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - David Wright
- Liverpool Heart and Chest HospitalLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Bob Cooper
- University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Matt Cocks
- Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Williams S, Fang H, Shepherd S, Alty J, Graham CD. FM2-1 A smartphone camera can detect functional tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesFunctional neurological disorders are common, but there is a lack of objective tests for these conditions. Although accelerometry can distinguish functional from other tremor types, it is not routinely used at the bedside. Computer vision describes the processing of camera images by computer. It requires only ubiquitous hardware (e.g. smartphone, laptop) and standard clinical assessment, i.e. simple observation. We investigated computer vision to detect tremor distraction/entrainment in functional tremor.DesignEarly results comparing computer analysis of video from a functional tremor and an essential tremor.Methods30 s (60 fps) video of extended forearm was recorded using a smartphone, for a functional tremor and an essential tremor patient. From 15 s, each participant tapped in time with a 3 Hz metronome using the contralateral hand (outside the video frame). Computing algorithms amplified the magnitude of video pixel movement and then measured the direction and size of pixel movement over time.ResultsAfter the metronome onset, there was a marked change in video pixel movement for the functional tremor patient, with the frequency concentrating at 3 Hz, and this was statistically significant by linear discriminant analysis. There was no significant change in pixel movement after the metronome for the essential tremor patient (frequency remained 8–12 Hz).ConclusionsSmartphone video pixel movement can detect functional tremor entrainment, suggesting a possible new objective, bedside test.
Collapse
|
22
|
Battisti NML, True V, Chaabouni N, Chopra N, Lee K, Shepherd S, Shapira-Rotenberg T, Joshi R, Mohammed K, Allen M, Ring A. Abstract P1-15-08: Pathologic complete response rates following neoadjuvant systemic therapy in 794 patients with early breast cancer: The Royal Marsden experience. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-15-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The presence and extent of residual invasive cancer after neoadjuvant treatment (NACT) is a strong prognostic factor for risk of recurrence, especially in triple-negative (TN) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC). Recent advances in the standard-of-care NACT improved pathological complete response (pCR) rates in published clinical trials.
We evaluated the pCR rates, defined as ypT0-is ypN0, in our real-world BC population and in estrogen receptor-positive [ER+] HER2-, HER2+ and TN subgroups and their association with tumour, patients' characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS).
Methods
We retrospectively identified early BC patients receiving NACT between January 2013 and December 2017. Demographics, patient and disease characteristics, pathological responses, toxicities, dose delays and reductions were recorded. Simple statistics, Fisher's exact test, chi-squared method and Cox regression were used as appropriate.
Results
794 patients identified had median age of 50 years (range 24-87) and 93.9% (745 patients) ECOG performance status (PS) 0. 3.0% (24) had clinical stage I disease, 68.0% (540) stage II and 29.0% (230) stage III. 71.0% (564) had grade 3 disease and 91.8% (729) ductal histology. 33.7% (257) had ER+/HER2-, 25.8% (205) had TN and 38.0% (301) HER2+ disease. Overall, 6.8% (54) patients received platinum. 36.6% (291) patients had dose reductions and 24.3% (193) dose delays. Along with NACT, 51.6% (147) of the HER2+ patients received Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab and 48.4% (138) Trastuzumab alone.
pCR rate was 33.1% in the overall population and significantly different in ER+/HER2-, HER2+ and TN subgroups (12.84% versus 52.0% versus 28.43% respectively, p<0.001). pCR was influenced by grade (1: 0%; 2: 24.3%; 3: 36.1%, p 0.005) and histology (ductal: 34.2%; lobular: 10.0%; mixed 25.0%; p 0.01). In the HER2+ subgroup, there was a trend for improved pCR rates for patients receiving Pertuzumab and Trastuzumab (57.0%) versus Trastuzumab alone (51.0%). No statistically significant differences were seen based on patients' characteristics including age and PS or in case of treatment dose reductions and delays. Early discontinuation of NACT was associated with lower pCR rates (20.5% vs 36.29%, p <0.001).
Of interest, pCR rates remained consistent across the period 2013-2017 in the overall population. We observed a trend for improved pCR in the HER2+ (2013: 47.5%; 2014: 44.4%; 2015: 66.7%; 2016: 51.0%; 2017: 51.4%) and TN cohorts (2013: 23.5%; 2014: 25.0%; 2015: 25.0%; 2016: 33.3%; 2017: 34.1%) but not in the ER+/HER2- group.
Median DFS was 83.8 months (95% CI 62.0-NR) in the overall population. Although not reached in the TN cohort, median DFS was different according to disease subgroups (HER2+: 83.78 months; TN: NR; ER+/HER2-: 62.0 months, p <0.0001).
Conclusions
In our analysis pCR rates are consistent with data published in literature and higher in HER2+ and TN disease. The impact of new agents had a relatively low impact on pCR rates in our overall population over the last 5 years, although they produced gradual improvements in the HER2+ and TN subgroups.
Citation Format: Battisti NML, True V, Chaabouni N, Chopra N, Lee K, Shepherd S, Shapira-Rotenberg T, Joshi R, Mohammed K, Allen M, Ring A. Pathologic complete response rates following neoadjuvant systemic therapy in 794 patients with early breast cancer: The Royal Marsden experience [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-08.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- NML Battisti
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - V True
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - N Chaabouni
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - N Chopra
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - K Lee
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - S Shepherd
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - R Joshi
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - K Mohammed
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - M Allen
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - A Ring
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shepherd S, Schwalm J, Ivers N. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IMMIGRATION AND ETHNICITY ON ADHERENCE TO STATINS AND CARDIAC REHABILITATION POST-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Can J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.07.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
24
|
Morris A, Murphy R, Shepherd S, Graves L. Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives of Factors That Influence Contact Centre Call Agents' Workplace Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1484. [PMID: 30011821 PMCID: PMC6069165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Contact centre call agents are highly sedentary at work, which can negatively affect cardio-metabolic health. This qualitative cross-sectional study explored factors influencing call agents' workplace physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), and perspectives on strategies to help agents move more and sit less at work. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with call agents (n = 20), team leaders (n = 11) and senior staff (n = 12) across four contact centres were guided by the socio-ecological model and analysed thematically. Agents offered insights into the impact of high occupational sitting and low PA on their physical and mental health, and factors influencing their motivation to move more and sit less at work. Team leaders, although pivotal in influencing behaviours, identified their own workload, and agents' requirement to meet targets, as factors influencing their ability to promote agents to move more and sit less at work. Further, senior team leaders offered a broad organisational perspective on influential factors, including business needs and the importance of return on investment from PA and SB interventions. Unique factors, including continuous monitoring of productivity metrics and personal time, a physical connection to their workstation, and low autonomy over their working practices, seemed to limit call agents' opportunity to move more and sit less at work. Proposed strategies included acknowledgement of PA and SB within policy and job roles, height-adjustable workstations, education and training sessions and greater interpersonal support. Additionally, measuring the impact of interventions was perceived to be key for developing a business case and enhancing organisational buy-in. Multi-level interventions embedded into current working practices appear important for the multiple stakeholders, while addressing concerns regarding productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Morris
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Rebecca Murphy
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Lee Graves
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Seaborne RA, Strauss J, Cocks M, Shepherd S, O'Brien TD, van Someren KA, Bell PG, Murgatroyd C, Morton JP, Stewart CE, Sharples AP. Human Skeletal Muscle Possesses an Epigenetic Memory of Hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1898. [PMID: 29382913 PMCID: PMC5789890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unknown if adult human skeletal muscle has an epigenetic memory of earlier encounters with growth. We report, for the first time in humans, genome-wide DNA methylation (850,000 CpGs) and gene expression analysis after muscle hypertrophy (loading), return of muscle mass to baseline (unloading), followed by later hypertrophy (reloading). We discovered increased frequency of hypomethylation across the genome after reloading (18,816 CpGs) versus earlier loading (9,153 CpG sites). We also identified AXIN1, GRIK2, CAMK4, TRAF1 as hypomethylated genes with enhanced expression after loading that maintained their hypomethylated status even during unloading where muscle mass returned to control levels, indicating a memory of these genes methylation signatures following earlier hypertrophy. Further, UBR5, RPL35a, HEG1, PLA2G16, SETD3 displayed hypomethylation and enhanced gene expression following loading, and demonstrated the largest increases in hypomethylation, gene expression and muscle mass after later reloading, indicating an epigenetic memory in these genes. Finally, genes; GRIK2, TRAF1, BICC1, STAG1 were epigenetically sensitive to acute exercise demonstrating hypomethylation after a single bout of resistance exercise that was maintained 22 weeks later with the largest increase in gene expression and muscle mass after reloading. Overall, we identify an important epigenetic role for a number of largely unstudied genes in muscle hypertrophy/memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Seaborne
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Juliette Strauss
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D O'Brien
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ken A van Someren
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip G Bell
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Murgatroyd
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E Stewart
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Sharples
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom. .,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mohamed HA, Khuphe M, Boardman SJ, Shepherd S, Phillips RM, Thornton PD, Willans CE. Polymer encapsulation of anticancer silver–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:10474-10477. [PMID: 35540495 PMCID: PMC9078921 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers have been developed for the encapsulation of organometallic drugs. silver–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes have shown significant promise as anticancer and antibacterial compounds, and have been studied as the payload in these carriers. Simple modification of the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand structure enables solubility properties and interaction with the polymer to be tuned. Amphiphilic block copolymers have been developed for the encapsulation of silver anticancer drugs.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Khuphe
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | | | - S. Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Huddersfield
- Huddersfield
- UK
| | - R. M. Phillips
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Huddersfield
- Huddersfield
- UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khakoo S, Georgiou A, Hughes D, Lanese A, Baratelli C, Coakley M, Shepherd S, Calamai V, Kouvelakis K, Kalaitzaki R, Ring A, Chau I, Watkins D, Rao S, Cunningham D, Starling N. Real world use of palliative systemic therapy (tx) in elderly patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) within a UK specialist cancer centre. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx659.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
28
|
Bradley WJ, Hannon MP, Benford V, Morehen JC, Twist C, Shepherd S, Cocks M, Impey SG, Cooper RG, Morton JP, Close GL. Metabolic demands and replenishment of muscle glycogen after a rugby league match simulation protocol. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 20:878-883. [PMID: 28238618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The metabolic requirements of a rugby league match simulation protocol and the timing of carbohydrate provision on glycogen re-synthesis in damaged muscle were examined. DESIGN Fifteen (mean±SD: age 20.9±2.9 year, body-mass 87.3±14.1kg, height 177.4±6.0cm) rugby league (RL) players consumed a 6gkgday-1 CHO diet for 7-days, completed a time to exhaustion test (TTE) and a glycogen depletion protocol on day-3, a RL simulated-match protocol (RLMSP) on day-5 and a TTE on day-7. Players were prescribed an immediate or delayed (2-h-post) re-feed post-simulation. METHODS Muscle biopsies and blood samples were obtained post-depletion, before and after simulated match-play, and 48-h after match-play with PlayerLoad and heart-rate collected throughout the simulation. Data were analysed using effects sizes±90% CI and magnitude-based inferences. RESULTS PlayerLoad (8.0±0.7 AUmin-1) and %HRpeak (83±4.9%) during the simulation were similar to values reported for RL match-play. Muscle glycogen very likely increased from immediately after to 48-h post-simulation (272±97 cf. 416±162mmolkg-1d.w.; ES±90%CI) after immediate re-feed, but changes were unclear (283±68 cf. 361±144mmolkg-1d.w.; ES±90%CI) after delayed re-feed. CK almost certainly increased by 77.9±25.4% (0.75±0.19) post-simulation for all players. CONCLUSIONS The RLMSP presents a replication of the internal loads associated with professional RL match-play, although difficulties in replicating the collision reduced the metabolic demands and glycogen utilisation. Further, it is possible to replete muscle glycogen in damaged muscle employing an immediate re-feed strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren J Bradley
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Marcus P Hannon
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Victoria Benford
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Craig Twist
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Samuel G Impey
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Robert G Cooper
- MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Matsumoto K, Tamura K, Yoshida H, Nishikawa T, Imai Y, Miyasaka A, Onoe T, Yamaguchi S, Shimizu C, Yonemori K, Shimoi T, Yunokawa M, Xiong H, Hashiba H, Kiriyama T, Leahy T, Shepherd S, Fujiwara K. A phase 1 study of single agent veliparib in Japanese subjects with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw374.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
30
|
Cichon B, Fabiansen C, Yaméogo CW, Rytter MJH, Ritz C, Briend A, Christensen VB, Michaelsen KF, Oummani R, Filteau S, Ashorn P, Shepherd S, Friis H. Children with moderate acute malnutrition have inflammation not explained by maternal reports of illness and clinical symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso. BMC Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40795-016-0096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
31
|
Macluskey M, Shepherd S, Carter E, Bulsara Y, Durham JA, Bell A, Dargue A, Emanuel C, Freeman C, Jones J, Khawaja N, Leeson R, Marley J, Andiappan M, Millsopp L, Nayyer N, Renton T, Taylor K, Thomson P, Toedtling V. A national follow-up survey of UK graduates opinion of undergraduate oral surgery teaching. Eur J Dent Educ 2016; 20:174-179. [PMID: 26121937 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A national follow-up survey was undertaken to determine whether dental graduates from 2009 perceived that their undergraduate oral surgery education had equipped them for general dental practice 4 years after graduating. MATERIALS AND METHODS Graduates from the same 13 United Kingdom dental schools who had taken part in the original survey were invited to take part in this follow-up online survey. Their contact details were identified via the general dental council register, social media and alumni groups. RESULTS In total, 161 responded (2009b) which represents 16% of the graduates of the original survey in 2009a. A similar percentage of these respondents perceived that the teaching in oral surgery had given them sufficient knowledge to undertake independent practice (83% and 79% in 2009a and 2009b, respectively). Most respondents (99% in both years) reported confidence in undertaking simple forceps exodontia. Confidence in surgical exodontia was poor in both surveys, but one area that appeared improved in the follow-up related to the sectioning of teeth (84% in 2009b compared with 49% in 2009a). Areas of weakness identified in 2009 were reported to be improved in the follow-up. CONCLUSION This follow-up survey supports the findings of the original survey. Future longitudinal studies would allow institutions to identify possible weaknesses in their curriculum and to track the career development of their graduates and facilitate robust data collection.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Clinical Competence
- Competency-Based Education
- Curriculum
- Education, Dental/organization & administration
- Education, Dental/statistics & numerical data
- Education, Dental, Graduate/standards
- Education, Medical, Undergraduate/standards
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- General Practice, Dental
- Humans
- Male
- Schools, Dental
- Students, Dental/psychology
- Students, Dental/statistics & numerical data
- Surgery, Oral/education
- Teaching
- United Kingdom
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Macluskey
- Unit of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Univeristy of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - S Shepherd
- Unit of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Univeristy of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - E Carter
- Oral Surgery, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Y Bulsara
- Oral Surgery, The School of Dentistry, Birmingham, UK
| | - J A Durham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Bell
- Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Dargue
- Oral Surgery, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - C Emanuel
- Oral Surgery, Cardiff University School of Dentistry, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Freeman
- Oral Surgery, University of Sheffield School of Dentistry, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Jones
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - N Khawaja
- Oral Surgery, Guys Kings and St Thomas' Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - R Leeson
- Oral Surgery, Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - J Marley
- Oral Surgery, Queens University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - M Andiappan
- Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Millsopp
- Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Nayyer
- Unit of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Univeristy of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - T Renton
- Oral surgery, Kings College London Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - K Taylor
- Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Thomson
- Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - V Toedtling
- Oral surgery, The School of Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Smith K, Sheaff M, Elia G, Clear A, Trevisan G, Foxler D, Bridge K, Shepherd S, Powles T, Sharp T. Loss of LIM-domain proteins LIMD1, Ajuba and WTIP as a novel molecular mechanism for disease aetiology in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- S. Shepherd
- Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee UK
| | - M. Macluskey
- Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences; University of Dundee; Dundee UK
| | - A. Napier
- DJCAD Make; Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design; University of Dundee; Dundee UK
| | - R. Jackson
- DJCAD Make; Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design; University of Dundee; Dundee UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bradley WJ, Morehen JC, Haigh J, Clarke J, Donovan TF, Twist C, Cotton C, Shepherd S, Cocks M, Sharma A, Impey SG, Cooper RG, Maclaren DPM, Morton JP, Close GL. Muscle glycogen utilisation during Rugby match play: Effects of pre-game carbohydrate. J Sci Med Sport 2016; 19:1033-1038. [PMID: 27134132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the physical demands of Rugby League (RL) match-play are well-known, the fuel sources supporting energy-production are poorly understood. We therefore assessed muscle glycogen utilisation and plasma metabolite responses to RL match-play after a relatively high (HCHO) or relatively low CHO (LCHO) diet. DESIGN Sixteen (mean±SD age; 18±1 years, body-mass; 88±12kg, height 180±8cm) professional players completed a RL match after 36-h consuming a non-isocaloric high carbohydrate (n=8; 6gkgday-1) or low carbohydrate (n=8; 3gkgday-1) diet. METHODS Muscle biopsies and blood samples were obtained pre- and post-match, alongside external and internal loads quantified using Global Positioning System technology and heart rate, respectively. Data were analysed using effects sizes ±90% CI and magnitude-based inferences. RESULTS Differences in pre-match muscle glycogen between high and low carbohydrate conditions (449±51 and 444±81mmolkg-1d.w.) were unclear. High (243±43mmolkg-1d.w.) and low carbohydrate groups (298±130mmolkg-1d.w.) were most and very likely reduced post-match, respectively. For both groups, differences in pre-match NEFA and glycerol were unclear, with a most likely increase in NEFA and glycerol post-match. NEFA was likely lower in the high compared with low carbohydrate group post-match (0.95±0.39mmoll-1 and 1.45±0.51mmoll-1, respectively), whereas differences between the 2 groups for glycerol were unclear (98.1±33.6mmoll-1 and 123.1±39.6mmoll-1) in the high and low carbohydrate groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Professional RL players can utilise ∼40% of their muscle glycogen during a competitive match regardless of their carbohydrate consumption in the preceding 36-h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren J Bradley
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - James C Morehen
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Julian Haigh
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | | | | | - Craig Twist
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chester, UK
| | | | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Matthew Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Asheesh Sharma
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Liverpool Hospital, UK
| | - Samuel G Impey
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Robert G Cooper
- MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Don P M Maclaren
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
| | - Graeme L Close
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jackson C, Bradley-Stewart A, Gunson R, Shepherd S, Aitken C, Ragonnet-Cronin M, Leigh-Brown A, Milosevic C, Goldberg D. Re-emergence of HIV in the PWID population of Glasgow. J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
36
|
de Jonge M, van Herpen C, Gietema J, Timms K, Dunbar M, Hetman R, Serpenti C, Xiong H, Zhu M, Mittapalli R, Ansell P, Shepherd S. Analysis of Biomarkers and PK Modeling of ABT-767 in Patients With BRCA1/BRCA2-Mutated Tumors or High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv090.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
37
|
Peters S, Yao C, Shepherd S, Philpott H, Yelland G, Muir J, Gibson P. The low fodmap diet and gut-directed hypnotherapy are equally efficacious in patients with irritable bowel sydnrome. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2014.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
38
|
Ferris M, Nichols A, Stevenson F, Newman M, Shepherd S, Hobbs L, Browne J, Khadjeesari Z. PR51 ‘Befriend Your Boobs’ (BYB): an educational intervention in breast cancer risk modification and cancer prevention in Barnet's Schools, North-West London. Breast 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(14)70061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
39
|
de Jonge M, van Herpen C, Gietema J, Shepherd S, Koornstra R, Jager A, De Hollander MN, Dunbar M, Hetman R, Serpenti C, Xiong H, Zhu M, Giranda V. A Study of Abt-767 in Advanced Solid Tumors with Brca 1 and Brca 2 Mutations and High Grade Serous Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu331.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
40
|
Mizugaki H, Nokihara H, Yamamoto N, Fujiwara Y, Horinouchi H, Kanda S, Kitazono S, Yagishita S, Xiong H, Qian J, Shepherd S, Giranda V, Tamura T. A Phase 1 Study of Veliparib (Abt-888) in Combination with Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in Japanese Subjects with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc). Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu348.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
41
|
McComb C, Harpur A, Yacoubian C, Leddy C, Anderson G, Shepherd S, Perry C, Shaikh MG, Foster J, Ahmed SF. MRI-based abnormalities in young adults at risk of adverse bone health due to childhood-onset metabolic & endocrine conditions. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:811-7. [PMID: 24245820 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditional methods of bone densitometry may not provide a comprehensive assessment of bone health. We aimed to assess bone micro-architecture and bone marrow adiposity (BMA) by MRI in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and endocrinopathy including GH deficiency and/or hypogonadism. MEASUREMENTS High-resolution micro-MRI images were acquired at the tibia using 3T MRI to calculate parameters of bone micro-architecture in seven adults with OI and 10 adults with endocrinopathies. MR Spectroscopy was performed in participants to calculate vertebral BMA, which was expressed as percentage fat fraction (%FF). Lumbar spine DXA was performed to assess bone mineral density. The MRI data were compared with a group of 22 healthy adults who were divided into two age-matched control groups. RESULTS Intra-operator repeatability was high, with an average CoV of 1% for micro-MRI and 2·5% for MRS. The ratio of apparent bone volume to total volume (appBV/TV) in the endocrinopathy and OI groups was lower than in age-matched control groups (P = 0·003 and P = 0·008 respectively). A weak association between DXA BMD and appBV/TV was also observed (r = 0·5, P = 0·045). %FF was higher in the endocrinopathy group than in the age-matched control group (P = 0·005), but no difference in %FF was observed between the OI group and their age-matched control group (P = 0·26). CONCLUSIONS MRI provides valuable detailed information on the micro-architecture and adiposity of bones and is capable of showing clear differences in bone parameters in a range of clinical conditions associated with abnormal bone health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C McComb
- Department of Clinical Physics, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Guillemin F, Martinez L, Calvert M, Cooper C, Ganiats T, Gitlin M, Horne R, Marciniak A, Pfeilschifter J, Shepherd S, Tosteson A, Wade S, Macarios D, Freemantle N. Fear of falling, fracture history, and comorbidities are associated with health-related quality of life among European and US women with osteoporosis in a large international study. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:3001-10. [PMID: 23754200 PMCID: PMC3818139 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We studied 7,897 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis to assess factors that influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL). An increased number of comorbidities, fear of falling, and previous vertebral fracture were associated with significant reductions in HRQoL. Understanding the factors that affect HRQoL may improve management of these patients. INTRODUCTION HRQoL is impaired in women treated for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between clinical characteristics, comorbidities, medical history, patient demographics, and HRQoL in women with PMO. METHODS Baseline data were obtained and combined from two large and similar multinational observational studies: Prospective Observational Scientific Study Investigating Bone Loss Experience in Europe (POSSIBLE EU®) and in the US (POSSIBLE US™) including postmenopausal women in primary care settings initiating or switching bone loss treatment, or who had been on bone loss treatment for some time. HRQoL measured by health utility scores (EQ-5D™) were available for 7,897 women (94 % of study participants). The relationship between HRQoL and baseline clinical characteristics, medical history and patient demographics was assessed using parsimonious, multivariable, mixed-model analyses. RESULTS Median health utility score was 0.80 (interquartile range 0.69-1.00). In multivariable analyses, young age, low body mass index, previous vertebral fracture, increased number of comorbidities, high fear of falling, and depression were associated with reduced HRQoL. Regression-based model estimates showed that previous vertebral fracture was associated with lower health utility scores by 0.08 (10.3 %) and demonstrated the impact of multiple comorbidities and of fear of falling on HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS In this large observational study of women with PMO, there was substantial interindividual variability in HRQoL. An increased number of comorbidities, fear of falling, and previous vertebral fracture were associated with significant reductions in HRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Guillemin
- Université de Lorraine, Université Paris Descartes, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Freemantle N, Cooper C, Diez-Perez A, Gitlin M, Radcliffe H, Shepherd S, Roux C. Response to comments on: Results of indirect and mixed treatment comparison of fracture efficacy for osteoporosis treatments: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:1931-2. [PMID: 23408019 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
44
|
Beggs C, Shepherd S, Zamboni P. Cerebral venous outflow resistance and interpretation of cervical plethysmography data with respect to the diagnosis of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. Phlebology 2013; 29:191-99. [PMID: 23060482 DOI: 10.1258/phleb.2012.012039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) can be characterized using cervical plethysmography, much remains unknown about the haemodynamics associated with this procedure. The aim of the study was therefore to gain a deeper understanding of the observed haemodynamics. METHOD Forty healthy controls and 44 CCSVI patients underwent cervical plethysmography, which involved placing a strain-gauge collar around their necks and tipping them from the upright (90(o)) to supine position (0(o)) in a chair. Once stabilized, they were returned to the upright position, allowing blood to drain from the neck. A mathematical model was used to calculate the hydraulic resistance of the extracranial venous system for each subject in the study. RESULTS The mean hydraulic resistance of the extracranial venous system was 10.28 (standard deviation [SD] 5.14) mmHg.s/mL in the healthy controls and 16.81 (SD 9.22) in the CCSVI patients (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The haemodynamics of the extracranial venous system are greatly altered in CCSVI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Beggs
- Medical Biophysics Laboratory, University of Bradford, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Adeka M, Shepherd S, Abd-Alhameed R. Resolving the password security purgatory in the contexts of technology, security and human factors. 2013 International Conference on Computer Applications Technology (ICCAT) 2013. [DOI: 10.1109/iccat.2013.6522044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
|
46
|
Freemantle N, Cooper C, Diez-Perez A, Gitlin M, Radcliffe H, Shepherd S, Roux C. Results of indirect and mixed treatment comparison of fracture efficacy for osteoporosis treatments: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:209-17. [PMID: 22832638 PMCID: PMC3662000 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Network meta-analysis techniques (meta-analysis, adjusted indirect comparison, and mixed treatment comparison [MTC]) allow for treatment comparisons in the absence of head-to-head trials. In this study, conditional estimates of relative treatment efficacy derived through these techniques show important differences in the fracture risk reduction profiles of marketed pharmacologic therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION This study illustrates how network meta-analysis techniques (meta-analysis, adjusted indirect comparison, and MTC) can provide comparisons of the relative efficacy of postmenopausal osteoporosis therapies in the absence of comprehensive head-to-head trials. METHODS Source articles were identified in MEDLINE; EMBASE; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via Wiley Interscience; and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) between April 28, 2009 and November 4, 2009. Two reviewers identified English-language articles reporting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with on-label dosing of marketed osteoporosis agents and fracture endpoints. Trial design, population characteristics, intervention and comparator, fracture outcomes, and adverse events were abstracted for analysis. Primary analyses included data from RCTs with fracture endpoints. Sensitivity analyses also included studies with fractures reported through adverse event reports. Meta-analysis compared fracture outcomes for pharmacological therapies vs. placebo (fixed and random effects models); adjusted indirect comparisons and MTC assessed fracture risk in postmenopausal women treated with denosumab vs. other agents. RESULTS Using data from 34 studies, random effects meta-analysis showed that all agents except etidronate significantly reduced the risk of new vertebral fractures compared with placebo; denosumab, risedronate, and zoledronic acid significantly reduced the risk for nonvertebral and hip fracture, while alendronate, strontium ranelate, and teriparatide significantly reduced the risk for nonvertebral fractures. MTC showed denosumab to be more effective than strontium ranelate, raloxifene, alendronate, and risedronate in preventing new vertebral fractures. CONCLUSIONS The conditional estimates of relative treatment efficacy indicate that there are important differences in fracture risk reduction profiles for marketed pharmacological therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Freemantle
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Birks S, Altinkaya M, Altinkaya A, Pilkington G, Kurian KM, Crosby C, Hopkins K, Williams M, Donovan L, Birks S, Eason A, Bosak V, Pilkington G, Birks S, Holliday J, Corbett I, Pilkington G, Keeling M, Bambrough J, Simpson J, Higgins S, Dogra H, Pilkington G, Kurian KM, Zhang Y, Bradley M, Schmidberger C, Hafizi S, Noorani I, Price S, Dubocq A, Jaunky T, Chatelain C, Evans L, Gaissmaier T, Pilkington GJ, An Q, Hurwitz V, Logan J, Bhangoo R, Ashkan K, Gullan A, Beaney R, Brazil L, Kokkinos S, Blake R, Singleton A, Shaw A, Iyer V, Kurian KM, Jeyapalan JN, Morley IC, Hill AA, Mumin MA, Tatevossian RG, Qaddoumi I, Ellison DW, Sheer D, Frary A, Price S, Jefferies S, Harris F, Burnet N, Jena R, Watts C, Haylock B, Leow-Dyke S, Rathi N, Wong H, Dunn J, Baborie A, Crooks D, Husband D, Shenoy A, Brodbelt A, Walker C, Bahl A, Larsen J, Craven I, Metherall P, McKevitt F, Romanowski C, Hoggard N, Jellinek DA, Bell S, Murray E, Muirhead R, James A, Hanzely Z, Jackson R, Stewart W, O'Brien A, Young A, Bell S, Hanzely Z, Stewart W, Shepherd S, Cavers D, Wallace L, Hacking B, Scott S, Bowyer D, Elmahdi A, Frary AJ, O'Donovan DG, Price SJ, Kia A, Przystal JM, Nianiaris N, Mazarakis ND, Mintz PJ, Hajitou A, Karakoula K, Phipps K, Harkness W, Hayward R, Thompson D, Jacques T, Harding B, Darling J, Warr T, Leow-Dyke S, Rathi N, Haylock B, Crooks D, Jenkinson M, Walker C, Brodbelt A, Zhou L, Ercolano E, Ammoun S, Schmid MC, Barczyk M, Hanemann CO, Rowther F, Dawson T, Ashton K, Darling J, Warr T, Maherally Z, Hatherell KE, Kroese K, Hafizi S, Pilkington GJ, Singh P, McQuaid S, Al-Rashid S, Prise K, Herron B, Healy E, Shoakazemi A, Donnelly M, McConnell R, Harney J, Conkey D, McGrath E, Lunsford L, Kondziolka D, Niranjan A, Kano H, Hamilton R, Flannery T, Majani Y, Smith S, Grundy R, Rahman R, Saini S, Hall G, Davis C, Rowther F, Lawson T, Ashton K, Potter N, Goessl E, Darling J, Warr T, Brodbelt A, Jenkinson M, Walker C, Leow-Dyke S, Haylock B, Dunn J, Wilkins S, Smith T, Petinou V, Nicholl I, Singh J, Lea R, Welsby P, Spiteri I, Sottoriva A, Marko N, Tavare S, Collins P, Price SJ, Watts C, Su Z, Gerhard A, Hinz R, Roncaroli F, Coope D, Thompson G, Karabatsou K, Sofat A, Leggate J, du Plessis D, Turkheimer F, Jackson A, Brodbelt A, Jenkinson M, Das K, Crooks D, Herholz K, Price SJ, Whittle IR, Ashkan K, Grundy P, Cruickshank G, Berry V, Elder D, Iyer V, Hopkins K, Cohen N, Tavare J, Zilidis G, Tibarewal P, Spinelli L, Leslie NR, Coope DJ, Karabatsou K, Green S, Wall G, Bambrough J, Brennan P, Baily J, Diaz M, Ironside J, Sansom O, Brunton V, Frame M, Young A, Thomas O, Mohsen L, Frary A, Lupson V, McLean M, Price S, Arora M, Shaw L, Lawrence C, Alder J, Dawson T, Hall G, Rada L, Chen K, Shivane A, Ammoun S, Parkinson D, Hanemann C, Pangeni RP, Warr TJ, Morris MR, Mackinnon M, Williamson A, James A, Chalmers A, Beckett V, Joannides A, Brock R, McCarthy K, Price S, Singh A, Karakoula K, Dawson T, Ashton K, Darling J, Warr T, Kardooni H, Morris M, Rowther F, Darling J, Warr T, Watts C, Syed N, Roncaroli F, Janczar K, Singh P, O'Neil K, Nigro CL, Lattanzio L, Coley H, Hatzimichael E, Bomalaski J, Szlosarek P, Crook T, Pullen NA, Anand M, Birks S, Van Meter T, Pullen NA, Anand M, Williams S, Boissinot M, Steele L, Williams S, Chiocca EA, Lawler S, Al Rashid ST, Mashal S, Taggart L, Clarke E, Flannery T, Prise KM. Abstracts from the 2012 BNOS Conference. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
48
|
Shaw A, Ellery N, Shepherd S, Knox C, Nelstrop A. OP deference--Libyan crisis 2011. Non combatant evacuation operations (NEO) --role one medical experience. J R Nav Med Serv 2012; 98:22-26. [PMID: 22558738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is the author's belief that Role 1 GDMO led medical care continues to be a potent and adaptable force, capable of operating efficiently and with a high degree of autonomy in potentially high threat environments. The medical team was able to adapt to the operational demand and retained the full confidence of the command chain, however the MO felt acutely aware of gaps in his New Entry Medical Officer clinical training. Short duration courses such as Advanced Paediatric Life Support, Basic Surgical Skills and MIMMS provide excellent added value for medical officers and increase self confidence. NEMO training in the future may benefit from the inclusion of these. Despite the challenges faced during the NEOs the Role 1 medical team in CUMBERLAND found the experience very rewarding and an example of what they joined the Royal Navy to do.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ammoun S, Zhou L, Barczyk M, Hilton D, Hafizi S, Hanemann C, Lehnus KS, Donovan LK, Pilkington GJ, An Q, Anderson IA, Thomson S, Bailey M, Lekka E, Law J, Davis C, Banfill K, Loughrey C, Hatfield P, Bax D, Elliott R, Bishop R, Taylor K, Marshall L, Gaspar N, Viana-Pereira M, Reis R, Renshaw J, Ashworth A, Lord C, Jones C, Bellamy C, Shaw L, Alder J, Shorrocks A, Lea R, Birks S, Burnet M, Pilkington G, Bruch JD, Ho J, Watts C, Price SJ, Camp S, Apostolopoulos V, Mehta A, Roncaroli F, Nandi D, Clark B, Mackinnon M, MacLeod N, Stewart W, Chalmers A, Cole A, Hanna G, Bailie K, Conkey D, Harney J, Darlow C, Chapman S, Mohsen L, Price S, Donovan L, Birks S, Pilkington G, Dyer H, Lord H, Fletcher K, das Nair R, MacNiven J, Basu S, Byrne P, Glancz L, Critchley G, Grech-Sollars M, Saunders D, Phipps K, Clayden J, Clark C, Greco A, Acquati S, Marino S, Hammouche S, Wilkins SP, Smith T, Brodbelt A, Hammouche S, Clark S, Wong AHL, Eldridge P, Farah JO, Ho J, Bruch J, Watts C, Price S, Lamb G, Smith S, James A, Glegg M, Jeffcote T, Boulos S, Robbins P, Knuckey N, Banigo A, Brodbelt AR, Jenkinson MD, Jeyapalan JN, Mumin MA, Forshew T, Lawson AR, Tatevossian RG, Jacques TS, Sheer D, Kilday J, Wright K, Leavy S, Lowe J, Schwalbe E, Clifford S, Gilbertson R, Coyle B, Grundy R, Kinsella P, Clynes M, Amberger-Murphy V, Barron N, Lambert SR, Jones D, Pearson D, Ichimura I, Collins V, Steele L, Sinha P, Chumas P, Tyler J, Ogawa D, Chiocca E, DeLay M, Bronisz A, Nowicki M, Godlewski J, Lawler S, Lee MK, Javadpour M, Jenkinson MD, Lekka E, Abel P, Dawson T, Lea B, Davis C, Lim CSK, Grundy PL, Pendleton M, Lord H, Mackinnon M, Williamson A, James A, Stewart W, Clark B, Chalmers A, Merve A, Zhang X, Marino S, Miller S, Rogers HA, Lyon P, Rand V, Adamowicz-Brice M, Clifford SC, Hayden JT, Dyer S, Pfister S, Korshunov A, Brundler MA, Lowe J, Coyle B, Grundy RG, Nankivell M, Mulvenna P, Barton R, Wilson P, Faivre-Finn C, Pugh C, Langley R, Ngoga D, Tennant D, Williams A, Moss P, Cruickshank G, Owusu-Agyemang K, Bell S, Stewart W, St.George J, Piccirillo SG, Watts C, Qadri S, Pirola E, Jenkinson M, Brodbelt A, Rahman R, Rahman C, Smith S, MacArthur D, Rose F, Shakesheff K, Grundy R, Carroll C, Watson P, Hawkins M, Spoudeas H, Walker D, Holland T, Ring H, Rooney A, McNamara S, Mackinnon M, Fraser M, Rampling R, Carson A, Grant R, Royds J, Al Nadaf S, Ahn A, Chen YJ, Wiles A, Jellinek D, Braithwaite A, Baguley B, MacFarlane M, Hung N, Slatter T, Rusbridge S, Walmsley N, Griffiths S, Wilford P, Rees J, Ryan D, Watts C, Liu P, Galavotti S, Shaked-Rabi M, Tulchinsky E, Brandner S, Jones C, Salomoni P, Schulte A, Gunther HS, Zapf S, Riethdorf S, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Selvanathan SK, Hammouche S, Salminen HJ, Jenkinson MD, Setua S, Watts C, Welland ME, Shevtsov M, Khachatryan W, Kim A, Samochernych K, Pozdnyakov A, Guzhova IV, Romanova IV, Margulis B, Smith S, Rahman R, Rahman C, Barrow J, Macarthur D, Rose F, Grundy R, Smith S, Long A, Barrow J, Macarthur D, Coyle B, Grundy R, Maherally Z, Smith JR, Dickson L, Pilkington GJ, Prabhu S, Harris F, Lea R, Snape TJ, Sussman M, Wilne S, Whitehouse W, Chow G, Liu JF, Walker D, Snape T, Karakoula A, Rowther F, Warr T, Williamson A, Mackinnon M, Zisakis A, Varsos V, Panteli A, Karypidou O, Zampethanis A, Fotovati A, Abu-Ali S, Wang PS, Deleyrolle L, Lee C, Triscott J, Chen JY, Franciosi S, Nakamura Y, Sugita Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Leavitt BR, Singh SK, Jury A, Jones C, Wakimoto H, Reynolds BA, Pallen CJ, Dunn SE, Shepherd S, Scott S, Bowyer D, Wallace L, Hacking B, Mohsen L, Jena R, Gillard J, Price S, Lee C, Fotovati A, Verraeult M, Wakimoto H, Reynolds B, Dunham C, Bally M, Hukin J, Singhal S, Singh S, Dunn S. Abstracts from the 2011 BNOS Conference, June 29 - July 1, 2011, Homerton College, Cambridge. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
50
|
Roux C, Cooper C, Díez-Pérez A, Martinez L, Ortolani S, Gitlin M, Möller G, Shepherd S, Freemantle N. Prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures among women prescribed osteoporosis medication in five European countries: the POSSIBLE EU study. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:1227-36. [PMID: 20628731 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED European observational 1-year study assessed osteoporosis and fracture patterns in 3,402 postmenopausal women prescribed osteoporosis medication. Almost 40% of patients had a previous fracture, while 25% had neither fracture nor dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) diagnosis and were prescribed medication, probably due to other risk factors. INTRODUCTION This analysis assessed osteoporosis and fracture prevalence in postmenopausal women prescribed osteoporosis treatment in the Prospective Observational Study Investigating Bone Loss Experience in Europe(POSSIBLE EU). METHODS Women in this observational, multicenter 1-year study were categorized by fracture history and location at baseline. Baseline characteristics were analyzed according to no DXA and DXA diagnosis (osteoporosis or osteopenia). Fractures occurring during the 1-year follow-up period were recorded. RESULTS Of the 3,402 women enrolled, 39% had a previous fracture, of whom 30% had ≥ 2 fractures. One thousand seven hundred and eighty-four (52%) patients had a DXA diagnosis (osteoporosis 68%, osteopenia 31%, and unknown 1%). Among the osteoporosis patients, 37% had a previous fracture (hip 2.9%, vertebral 8.8%, and non-hip, non-vertebral 25%) and 35% had fractures associated with major trauma. Of the 3,402 women, 1,476 (43%) had no DXA diagnosis; of these, 57% had no fracture (25% of all women). Risk factors varied across patients with and without DXA diagnosis. During the 1-year follow-up period, the fracture incidence in patients with or without a previous fracture at baseline was 4.7% and 1.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Almost 40% of patients prescribed osteoporosis medication had a previous fracture, highlighting a population with advanced disease. In contrast, 25% of patients had neither a previous fracture nor DXA diagnosis and were prescribed treatment, probably due to other risk factors. There is a need for continued improvement of disease management in European women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Roux
- Department of Rheumatology, Paris Descartes University, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|