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Balderramo D, Quaresma AB, Olivera PA, Savio MC, Villamil MPG, Panaccione R, Ng SC, Kaplan GG, Kotze PG. Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in Latin America. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:263-272. [PMID: 38340754 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, have increased in Latin America over the past few decades. Although incidence is accelerating in some countries in the region, other areas in Latin America are already transitioning into the next epidemiological stage-ie, compounding prevalence-with a similar epidemiological profile to the western world. Consequently, more attention must be given to the diagnosis and management of IBD in Latin America. In this Review, we provide an overview of epidemiology, potential local environmental risk factors, challenges in the management of IBD, and limitations due to the heterogenity of health-care systems, both public and private, in Latin America. Unresolved issues in the region include inadequate access to diagnostic resources, biological therapies, tight disease monitoring (including treat to target therapy, surveillance and prevention of complications, drug monitoring), and specialised IBD surgery. Local guidelines are an important effort to overcome barriers in IBD management. Advancements in long-term health-care policies will be important to promote early diagnosis, access to new treatments, and improvements in research in Latin America. These improvements will not only affect overall health care but will also lead to optimal prioritisation of IBD-related costs and resources and enhance the quality of life of people with IBD in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingo Balderramo
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Abel Botelho Quaresma
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; IBD Outpatient Clinic, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Brazil.
| | - Pablo A Olivera
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Gastroenterology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariane Christina Savio
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Remo Panaccione
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, LKS institute of Health Science, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paulo Gustavo Kotze
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Lau RI, Su Q, Lau ISF, Ching JYL, Wong MCS, Lau LHS, Tun HM, Mok CKP, Chau SWH, Tse YK, Cheung CP, Li MKT, Yeung GTY, Cheong PK, Chan FKL, Ng SC. A synbiotic preparation (SIM01) for post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in Hong Kong (RECOVERY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24:256-265. [PMID: 38071990 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) affects over 65 million individuals worldwide but treatment options are scarce. We aimed to assess a synbiotic preparation (SIM01) for the alleviation of PACS symptoms. METHODS In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at a tertiary referral centre in Hong Kong, patients with PACS according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria were randomly assigned (1:1) by random permuted blocks to receive SIM01 (10 billion colony-forming units in sachets twice daily) or placebo orally for 6 months. Inclusion criterion was the presence of at least one of 14 PACS symptoms for 4 weeks or more after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including fatigue, memory loss, difficulty in concentration, insomnia, mood disturbance, hair loss, shortness of breath, coughing, inability to exercise, chest pain, muscle pain, joint pain, gastrointestinal upset, or general unwellness. Individuals were excluded if they were immunocompromised, were pregnant or breastfeeding, were unable to receive oral fluids, or if they had received gastrointestinal surgery in the 30 days before randomisation. Participants, care providers, and investigators were masked to group assignment. The primary outcome was alleviation of PACS symptoms by 6 months, assessed by an interviewer-administered 14-item questionnaire in the intention-to-treat population. Forward stepwise multivariable logistical regression was performed to identify predictors of symptom alleviation. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04950803. FINDINGS Between June 25, 2021, and Aug 12, 2022, 463 patients were randomly assigned to receive SIM01 (n=232) or placebo (n=231). At 6 months, significantly higher proportions of the SIM01 group had alleviation of fatigue (OR 2·273, 95% CI 1·520-3·397, p=0·0001), memory loss (1·967, 1·271-3·044, p=0·0024), difficulty in concentration (2·644, 1·687-4·143, p<0·0001), gastrointestinal upset (1·995, 1·304-3·051, p=0·0014), and general unwellness (2·360, 1·428-3·900, p=0·0008) compared with the placebo group. Adverse event rates were similar between groups during treatment (SIM01 22 [10%] of 232 vs placebo 25 [11%] of 231; p=0·63). Treatment with SIM01, infection with omicron variants, vaccination before COVID-19, and mild acute COVID-19, were predictors of symptom alleviation (p<0·0036). INTERPRETATION Treatment with SIM01 alleviates multiple symptoms of PACS. Our findings have implications on the management of PACS through gut microbiome modulation. Further studies are warranted to explore the beneficial effects of SIM01 in other chronic or post-infection conditions. FUNDING Health and Medical Research Fund of Hong Kong, Hui Hoy and Chow Sin Lan Charity Fund, and InnoHK of the HKSAR Government. TRANSLATION For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela I Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Qi Su
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ivan S F Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jessica Y L Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Martin C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Louis H S Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chris K P Mok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Steven W H Chau
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yee Kit Tse
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Medical Data Analytics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chun Pan Cheung
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Moses K T Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Giann T Y Yeung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Pui Kuan Cheong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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Zhang L, Agrawal M, Ng SC, Jess T. Early-life exposures and the microbiome: implications for IBD prevention. Gut 2024; 73:541-549. [PMID: 38123972 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The early-life period is one of microbiome establishment and immune maturation. Early-life exposures are increasingly being recognised to play an important role in IBD risk. The composition of functions of the gut microbiome in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal period may be crucial towards development of health or disease, including IBD, later in life. We herein present a comprehensive summary of the interplay between early-life factors and microbiome perturbations, and their association with risk of IBD. In addition, we provide an overview of host and external factors in early life that are known to impact gut microbiome maturation and exposures implicated in IBD risk. Considering the emerging concept of IBD prevention, we propose strategies to minimise maternal and offspring exposure to potentially harmful variables and recommend protective measures during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This holistic view of early-life factors and microbiome signatures among mothers and their offspring will help frame our current understanding of their importance towards IBD pathogenesis and frame the roadmap for preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Manasi Agrawal
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PREDICT), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, New York, USA
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tine Jess
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PREDICT), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Wan Y, Zhang L, Xu Z, Su Q, Leung TF, Chan D, Wong OWH, Chan S, Chan FKL, Tun HM, Ng SC. Alterations in fecal virome and bacteriome virome interplay in children with autism spectrum disorder. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101409. [PMID: 38307030 PMCID: PMC10897546 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut bacteria. However, less is known about the gut viral community and its role in shaping microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders. Herein, we perform a metagenomic analysis of gut-DNA viruses in 60 children with ASD and 64 age- and gender-matched typically developing children to investigate the effect of the gut virome on host bacteria in children with ASD. ASD is associated with altered gut virome composition accompanied by the enrichment of Clostridium phage, Bacillus phage, and Enterobacteria phage. These ASD-enriched phages are largely associated with disrupted viral ecology in ASD. Importantly, changes in the interplay between the gut bacteriome and virome seen in ASD may influence the encoding capacity of microbial pathways for neuroactive metabolite biosynthesis. These findings suggest an impaired bacteriome-virome ecology in ASD, which sheds light on the importance of bacteriophages in pathogenesis and the development of microbial therapeutics in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting-Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dorothy Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Oscar W H Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandra Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yau YK, Su Q, Xu Z, Tang W, Ching JYL, Cheung CP, Fung M, Ip M, Chan PKS, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Faecal microbiota transplantation for patients with irritable bowel syndrome: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30 Suppl 1:34-38. [PMID: 38413211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Yau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Q Su
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Tang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y L Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C P Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Fung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Ip
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - F K L Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lin WYY, Wong MCS, Huang J, Bai Y, Ng SC, Chan FKL. Dietary habits and physical activity during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: associated factors, composite outcomes in a cross-sectional telephone survey of a Chinese population, and trend analysis. Hong Kong Med J 2024; 30:33-43. [PMID: 38369958 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created many challenges for Hong Kong residents attempting to maintain healthy lifestyle habits. This study aimed to measure the prevalences of unhealthy dietary habits and physical inactivity levels in Hong Kong Chinese, identify associated factors, and conduct a time trend analysis during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in Hong Kong by simple random sampling. The survey comprised socio-demographic characteristics, clinical information, the Hong Kong Diet Score (HKDS), smoking and alcohol consumption, and a Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. The composite outcome was low HKDS, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. We used 14 Health Behaviour Survey reports from 2003 to 2019 to establish a trend analysis regarding fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity level, smoking, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS We performed 1500 complete telephone surveys with a response rate of 58.8%. Most participants were older adults (≥65 years, 66.7%), women (65.6%), and married (77.9%). The HKDS was significantly lower in men, single individuals, low-income participants, alcohol drinkers, and patients with diabetes mellitus or renal disease. Participants who were single, undergoing long-term management of medical diseases, or had diabetes or renal diseases exhibited greater likelihood of physical inactivity. CONCLUSION Prevalences of unhealthy lifestyle habits were high among men, single individuals, and chronic disease patients during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. The adoption of physical activity habits tended to decrease in the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Y Lin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota Innovation Center, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y Bai
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota Innovation Center, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease and Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - F K L Chan
- Microbiota Innovation Center, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zhao S, Liang S, Tao J, Peng Y, Chen S, Wai HKF, Chung FY, Sin ZY, Wong MKL, Haqq AM, Chang WC, Ni MY, Chan FKL, Ng SC, Tun HM. Probiotics for adults with major depressive disorder compared with antidepressants: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024:nuad171. [PMID: 38219239 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite recent advances in antidepressants in treating major depression (MDD), their usage is marred by adverse effects and social stigmas. Probiotics may be an efficacious adjunct or standalone treatment, potentially circumventing the aforementioned issues with antidepressants. However, there is a lack of head-to-head clinical trials between these 2 interventions. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and acceptability of these 2 interventions in treating MDD. DATA SOURCES Six databases and registry platforms for the clinical trial were systematically searched to identify the eligible double-blinded, randomized controlled trials published between 2015 and 2022. DATA EXACTION Two authors selected independently the placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants and microbiota-targeted interventions (prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics) used for the treatment of MDD in adults (≥18 years old). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of depressive symptom scores from individual trials were pooled for network meta-analysis (PROSPERO no. CRD42020222305). RESULTS Forty-two eligible trials covering 22 interventions were identified, of which 16 were found to be effective in MDD treatment and the certainty of evidence was moderate to very low. When all trials were considered, compared with placebo, SMDs of interventions ranged from -0.16 (95% credible interval: -0.30, -0.04) for venlafaxine to -0.81 (-1.06, -0.52) for escitalopram. Probiotics were superior to brexpiprazole (SMD [95% credible interval]: -0.42 [-0.68, -0.17]), cariprazine (-0.44 [-0.69, -0.24]), citalopram (-0.37 [-0.66, -0.07]), duloxetine (-0.26, [-0.51, -0.04]), desvenlafaxine (-0.38 [-0.63, -0.14]), ketamine (-0.32 [-0.66, -0.01]), venlafaxine (-0.47 [-0.73, -0.23]), vilazodone (-0.37 [-0.61, -0.12]), vortioxetine (-0.39 [-0.63, -0.15]), and placebo (-0.62 [-0.86, -0.42]), and were noninferior to other antidepressants. In addition, probiotics ranked the second highest in the treatment hierarchy after escitalopram. Long-term treatment (≥8 weeks) using probiotics showed the same tolerability as antidepressants. CONCLUSION Probiotics, compared with antidepressants and placebo, may be efficacious as an adjunct or standalone therapy for treating MDD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020222305.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Zhao
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suisha Liang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Tao
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Maternal and Child Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hogan K F Wai
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feng-Ying Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhen Y Sin
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew K L Wong
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Wing C Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Y Ni
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China
- System Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance (SMART) Lab, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Peng Y, Tun HM, Ng SC, Wai HKF, Zhang X, Parks J, Field CJ, Mandhane P, Moraes TJ, Simons E, Turvey SE, Subbarao P, Brook JR, Takaro TK, Scott JA, Chan FKL, Kozyrskyj AL. Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of gut microbiome-associated childhood overweight and obesity. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2323234. [PMID: 38436093 PMCID: PMC10913716 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Gut microbiota may partially mediate this association and could be potential targets for intervention; however, its role is understudied. We included 1,592 infants from the Canadian Healthy Infants Longitudinal Development Cohort. Data on environmental exposure and lifestyle factors were collected prenatally and throughout the first three years. Weight outcomes were measured at one and three years of age. Stool samples collected at 3 and 12 months were analyzed by sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA to profile microbial compositions and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify the metabolites. We showed that quitting smoking during pregnancy did not lower the risk of offspring being overweight. However, exclusive breastfeeding until the third month of age may alleviate these risks. We also reported that maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly increased Firmicutes abundance and diversity. We further revealed that Firmicutes diversity mediates the elevated risk of childhood overweight and obesity linked to maternal prenatal smoking. This effect possibly occurs through excessive microbial butyrate production. These findings add to the evidence that women should quit smoking before their pregnancies to prevent microbiome-mediated childhood overweight and obesity risk, and indicate the potential obesogenic role of excessive butyrate production in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hogan Kok-Fung Wai
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jaclyn Parks
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Piush Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elinor Simons
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tim K Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - James A Scott
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Francis KL Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Anita L Kozyrskyj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Rubin DT, Torres J, Regueiro M, Reinisch W, Prideaux L, Kotze PG, Tan FH, Gardiner S, Mundayat R, Cadatal MJ, Ng SC. Association Between Smoking Status and the Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. Crohns Colitis 360 2024; 6:otae004. [PMID: 38425446 PMCID: PMC10904100 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). This analysis assessed the impact of cigarette smoking on tofacitinib efficacy and safety in the UC clinical program. Methods Efficacy endpoints and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated by smoking status (ever smokers [current and ex-smokers] and never smokers) in the phase (P)2 induction study (baseline demographics and safety only), P3 studies (OCTAVE Induction 1&2, OCTAVE Sustain, OCTAVE Open), and P3/4b RIVETING study. Results This post hoc analysis included 1156 patients (ever smokers, n = 416 [36.0%; current smokers, n = 59 (5.1%); ex-smokers, n = 357 (30.9%)]; never smokers, n = 740 [64.0%]; median [range] treatment duration 654 [1-2712] and 615.5 [1-2850] days, respectively). Similar proportions of ever smokers and never smokers achieved efficacy endpoints. AEs were reported in 88.7% of ever smokers and 83.8% of never smokers. Overall, 60.6% of ever smokers had an infection (serious infections, 5.5%; herpes zoster [nonserious and serious], 10.8%; Clostridioides difficile infection, 12.0%; lower respiratory tract infection, 19.5%: corresponding values among never smokers were 53.1%, 3.9%, 6.8%, 8.5%, and 11.4%). Major adverse cardiovascular events were reported in 1.0% of ever smokers and 0.7% of never smokers and thromboembolism events (venous and arterial) in 1.0% of ever smokers and 0.9% never smokers. Deaths, malignancies (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer [NMSC]), and NMSC occurred infrequently in ever smokers (0.5%, 2.5%, and 3.7%, respectively) and never smokers (0.1%, 1.5%, and 1.0%, respectively). Colorectal cancer was reported in 0.6% of never smokers; no cases occurred in ever smokers. Conclusions Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib were generally similar in ever smokers and never smokers. Overall, serious AEs and, as expected, infections were more frequent in ever smokers versus never smokers. This may inform treatment selection and monitoring strategies. ClinicalTrialsgov NCT00787202;NCT01465763;NCT01458951;NCT01458574;NCT01470612;NCT03281304.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joana Torres
- Gastroenterology Division, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Regueiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lani Prideaux
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paulo G Kotze
- IBD Outpatient Clinics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fiona H Tan
- Pfizer Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China
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Cooper J, Markovinovic A, Coward S, Herauf M, Shaheen AA, Swain M, Panaccione R, Ma C, Lu C, Novak K, Kroeker KI, Ng SC, Kaplan GG. Incidence and Prevalence of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Meta-analysis of Population-based Studies. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023:izad276. [PMID: 38052097 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic liver disease associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies of the incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis. METHODS Medline and Embase were systematically searched to identify population-based studies of a defined geographic area and reported the incidence or prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in the general population. Meta-analyses, using random-effects, were performed to calculate overall and country-specific incidence (per 100 000 persons/year) and prevalence rates (per 100 000 persons) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The 14 studies on incidence and the 12 for prevalence originated from North America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Incidence and prevalence rates of primary sclerosing cholangitis were 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.29) and 13.53 (95% confidence interval, 10.20-17.94) per 100 000 persons, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both the prevalence and incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis is low in the general population. Future studies on the incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in the general population should be directed at Asia, Africa, and Latin America to allow for a more robust assessment of the global epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Cooper
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ante Markovinovic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Coward
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michelle Herauf
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdel-Aziz Shaheen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Swain
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Remo Panaccione
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cathy Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerri Novak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen I Kroeker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, LKS Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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11
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Nor Hashimah AMN, Lim AL, Mohd Zain M, Gun SC, Mohd Isa L, Chong HC, Mohamed Ismail A, Wan Mohamad Akbar SA, Ling GR, Ariff HH, Ng CR, Ng SC, Mohd A, Mageswaren E. A retrospective record review of tuberculous infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients on biologics in Malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2023; 78:870-875. [PMID: 38159920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving biologics therapy and investigate the association between types of biologics and tuberculosis (TB) infections in 13 tertiary hospitals in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study that included all RA patients receiving biologics therapy in 13 tertiary hospitals in Malaysia from January 2008 to December 2018. RESULTS We had 735 RA patients who received biologics therapy. Twenty-one of the 735 patients were diagnosed with TB infection after treatment with biologics. The calculated prevalence of TB infection in RA patients treated with biologics was 2.9% (29 per 1000 patients). Four groups of biologics were used in our patient cohort: monoclonal TNF inhibitors, etanercept, tocilizumab, and rituximab, with monoclonal TNF inhibitors being the most commonly used biologic. The median duration of biologics therapy before the diagnosis of TB was 8 months. 75% of patients had at least one co-morbidity and all patients had at least one ongoing cDMARD therapy at the time of TB diagnosis. More than half of the patients were on steroid therapy with an average prednisolone dose of 5 mg daily. CONCLUSION Although the study population and data were limited, this study illustrates the spectrum of TB infections in RA patients receiving biologics and potential risk factors associated with biologics therapy in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M N Nor Hashimah
- Hospital Pulau Pinang, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - A L Lim
- Hospital Pulau Pinang, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - M Mohd Zain
- Hospital Selayang, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S C Gun
- Hospital Seremban, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - L Mohd Isa
- Hospital Putrajaya, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - H C Chong
- Hospital Melaka, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - A Mohamed Ismail
- Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - G R Ling
- Hospital Sibu, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - H H Ariff
- Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - C R Ng
- Hospital Sultan Ismail, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Johor, Malaysia
| | - S C Ng
- Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - A Mohd
- Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Johor, Malaysia
| | - E Mageswaren
- Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Klang, Malaysia
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12
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Schreiber S, Rubin DT, Ng SC, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Danese S, Modesto I, Guo X, Su C, Kwok KK, Jo H, Chen Y, Yndestad A, Reinisch W, Dubinsky MC. Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events by Baseline Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Tofacitinib: Data from the OCTAVE Clinical Programme. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1761-1770. [PMID: 37402275 PMCID: PMC10673809 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular [CV] disease [ASCVD]. Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis [UC]. We report major adverse CV events [MACE] in the UC OCTAVE programme, stratified by baseline CV risk. METHODS Rates of MACE were analysed by baseline [first tofacitinib exposure] CV risk profile: prior ASCVD, or 10-year ASCVD risk categories [low, borderline, intermediate, high]. RESULTS Of 1157 patients [2814.4 patient-years of exposure; ≤7.8 years' tofacitinib treatment], 4% had prior ASCVD and 83% had no prior ASCVD and low-borderline baseline 10-year ASCVD risk. Eight [0.7%] patients developed MACE; one had prior ASCVD. Incidence rates [unique patients with events/100 patient-years of exposure; 95% confidence intervals] for MACE were: 0.95 [0.02-5.27] in patients with prior ASCVD; and 1.81 [0.05-10.07], 1.54 [0.42-3.95], 0.00 [0.00-2.85], and 0.09 [0.01-0.32] in patients without prior ASCVD and with high, intermediate, -borderline, and low baseline 10-year ASCVD risk, respectively. For the 5/7 patients with MACE and without prior ASCVD, 10-year ASCVD risk scores were numerically higher [>1%] prior to MACE versus at baseline, primarily due to increasing age. CONCLUSIONS Most patients receiving tofacitinib in the UC OCTAVE programme had low baseline 10-year ASCVD risk. MACE were more frequent in patients with prior ASCVD and higher baseline CV risk. This analysis demonstrates potential associations between baseline CV risk and MACE in patients with UC, suggesting CV risk should be assessed individually in clinical practice. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV NCT00787202; NCT01465763; NCT01458951; NCT01458574; NCT01470612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Siew C Ng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHRU-Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Inserm, NGERE, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Silvio Danese
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Chen
- Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | | | - Walter Reinisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marla C Dubinsky
- Susan and Leonard Feinstein Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Ng SC. Exploring the Early-Life Microbiome and Future Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2023; 19:693-696. [PMID: 38405228 PMCID: PMC10882862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Siew C Ng
- Director, Microbiota I-Center (MagIC) Associate Director, Centre for Gut Microbiota Research Professor, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, Hong Kong
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14
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Su Q, Yau YK, Ng SC. Editorial: Faecal microbiota transplantation in IBS-Moving closer or away from success? Authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 58:952-953. [PMID: 37831526 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Yau et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17703 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17724
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yuk K Yau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
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15
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Zhao S, Lok KYW, Sin ZY, Peng Y, Fan HSL, Nagesh N, Choi MSL, Kwok JYY, Choi EPH, Zhang X, Wai HKF, Tsang LCH, Cheng SSM, Wong MKL, Zhu J, Mok CKP, Ng SC, Chan FKL, Peiris M, Poon LLM, Tun HM. COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-mediated antibodies in human breast milk and their association with breast milk microbiota composition. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:151. [PMID: 37798293 PMCID: PMC10556030 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborns can acquire immunological protection to SARS-CoV-2 through vaccine-conferred antibodies in human breast milk. However, there are some concerns around lactating mothers with regards to potential short- and long-term adverse events and vaccine-induced changes to their breast milk microbiome composition, which helps shape the early-life microbiome. Thus, we sought to explore if SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine could change breast milk microbiota and how the changes impact the levels of antibodies in breast milk. We recruited 49 lactating mothers from Hong Kong who received two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine between June 2021 and August 2021. Breast milk samples were self-collected by participants pre-vaccination, one week post-first dose, one week post-second dose, and one month post-second dose. The levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgA and IgG in breast milk peaked at one week post-second dose. Subsequently, the levels of both antibodies rapidly waned in breast milk, with IgA levels returning to baseline levels one month post-second dose. The richness and composition of human breast milk microbiota changed dynamically throughout the vaccination regimen, but the abundances of beneficial microbes such as Bifidobacterium species did not significantly change after vaccination. Additionally, we found that baseline breast milk bacterial composition can predict spike-specific IgA levels at one week post-second dose (Area Under Curve: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.58-0.85). Taken together, our results identified specific breast milk microbiota markers associated with high levels of IgA in the breast milk following BNT162b2 vaccine. Furthermore, in lactating mothers, BNT162b2 vaccines did not significantly reduce probiotic species in breast milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Zhao
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kris Y W Lok
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhen Y Sin
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heidi S L Fan
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nitya Nagesh
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martha S L Choi
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jojo Y Y Kwok
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edmond P H Choi
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hogan Kok-Fung Wai
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leo C H Tsang
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Samuel S M Cheng
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Jie Zhu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris K P Mok
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Malik Peiris
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Leo L M Poon
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China.
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yau YK, Su Q, Xu Z, Tang W, Ching JYL, Mak JWY, Cheung CP, Fung M, Ip M, Chan PKS, Wu JCY, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Randomised clinical trial: Faecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 58:795-804. [PMID: 37667968 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to improve symptoms in a proportion of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIM We performed a randomised trial to assess the efficacy of FMT in patients with IBS. METHODS We randomised 56 patients with diarrhoea-predominant IBS 1:1 to FMT or placebo via the duodenal route at baseline and week 4. The primary outcome was > 50 points decrease in IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) score at week 12. Secondary outcomes were improvement in bloating and change in gut microbiota at week 12. After 12-week follow-up, those in the placebo group were assigned to receive open-label FMT. RESULTS At week 12, 57.1% in the FMT group and 46.4% in the placebo group achieved the primary endpoint (p = 0.42). More patients receiving FMT than placebo had improvement in bloating (72% vs 30%; p = 0.005). In an open-label extension, 65.2% and 82.4% of patients achieved, respectively, the primary endpoint and improvement in bloating. Faecal microbiome of patients in the FMT group showed a reduction in bacteria like Ruminococcus gnavus and enrichment of bacteria such as Lawsonibacter at week 12, while no change in the placebo group. Functional analyses showed that the hydrogen sulphide-producing pathway decreased in patients who had FMT (p < 0.05) accompanied by a reduction in contributing bacteria. There were no serious adverse events related to FMT. CONCLUSION FMT performed twice at an interval of four weeks did not significantly reduce IBS-SSS score. However, more patients had improvement in abdominal bloating, which was associated with a reduction in hydrogen sulphide-producing bacteria. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03125564).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Kam Yau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Su
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica Y L Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Wing Yan Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Pan Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew Fung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul Kay Sheung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Justin Che Yuen Wu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis Ka Leung Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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17
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Peng Y, Zhang L, Mok CKP, Ching JYL, Zhao S, Wong MKL, Zhu J, Chen C, Wang S, Yan S, Qin B, Liu Y, Zhang X, Cheung CP, Cheong PK, Ip KL, Fung ACH, Wong KKY, Hui DSC, Chan FKL, Ng SC, Tun HM. Baseline gut microbiota and metabolome predict durable immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:373. [PMID: 37743379 PMCID: PMC10518331 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiota in modulating the durability of COVID-19 vaccine immunity is yet to be characterised. In this cohort study, we collected blood and stool samples of 121 BNT162b2 and 40 CoronaVac vaccinees at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months post vaccination (p.v.). Neutralisation antibody, plasma cytokine and chemokines were measured and associated with the gut microbiota and metabolome composition. A significantly higher level of neutralising antibody (at 6 months p.v.) was found in BNT162b2 vaccinees who had higher relative abundances of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Roseburia faecis as well as higher concentrations of nicotinic acid (Vitamin B) and γ-Aminobutyric acid (P < 0.05) at baseline. CoronaVac vaccinees with high neutralising antibodies at 6 months p.v. had an increased relative abundance of Phocaeicola dorei, a lower relative abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and a higher concentration of L-tryptophan (P < 0.05) at baseline. A higher antibody level at 6 months p.v. was also associated with a higher relative abundance of Dorea formicigenerans at 1 month p.v. among CoronaVac vaccinees (Rho = 0.62, p = 0.001, FDR = 0.123). Of the species altered following vaccination, 79.4% and 42.0% in the CoronaVac and BNT162b2 groups, respectively, recovered at 6 months. Specific to CoronaVac vaccinees, both bacteriome and virome diversity depleted following vaccination and did not recover to baseline at 6 months p.v. (FDR < 0.1). In conclusion, this study identified potential microbiota-based adjuvants that may extend the durability of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chris K P Mok
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessica Y L Ching
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew K L Wong
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunke Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shilan Wang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
| | - Biyan Qin
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingzhi Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Pun Cheung
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Kuan Cheong
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Long Ip
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Adrian C H Fung
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth K Y Wong
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David S C Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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18
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Liu Y, Chan MTV, Chan FKL, Wu WKK, Ng SC, Zhang L. Lower gut abundance of Eubacterium rectale is linked to COVID-19 mortality. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1249069. [PMID: 37743871 PMCID: PMC10512258 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1249069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Emerging preclinical and clinical studies suggest that altered gut microbiome composition and functions are associated with coronavirus 2019 (COVID- 19) severity and its long-term complications. We hypothesize that COVID-19 outcome is associated with gut microbiome status in population-based settings. Methods Gut metagenomic data of the adult population consisting of 2871 subjects from 16 countries were obtained from ExperimentHub through R, while the dynamic death data of COVID-19 patients between January 22, 2020 and December 8, 2020 in each country was acquired from Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. An adjusted stable mortality rate (SMR) was used to represent these countries' mortality and correlated with the mean relative abundance (mRA) of healthy adult gut microbiome species. Results After excluding bacterial species with low prevalence (prevalence <0.2 in the included countries), the β-diversity was significantly higher in the countries with high SMR when compared with those with median or low SMR (p <0.001). We then identified the mRA of two butyrate producers, Eubacterium rectale and Roseburia intestinalis, that were negatively correlated with SMR during the study period. And the reduction of these species was associated with severer COVID-19 manifestation. Conclusion Population-based microbiome signatures with the stable mortality rate of COVID-19 in different countries suggest that altered gut microbiome composition and functions are associated with mortality of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew T. V. Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K. L. Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William K. K. Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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19
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Ng SC, Chu AWH, Chan WM, Yip CCY, Leung KH, So CK, Leung JNS, To KKW, Lee CK. Re-examine the transfusion transmitted risk of SARS-CoV-2 virus during a major COVID-19 outbreak in 2022. Transfus Med 2023. [PMID: 37286528 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although no case of COVID-19 transmission through transfusion has been reported, blood transfusion service (BTS) continues to implement pre-donation and post-donation measures to minimise the risk. In year 2022, when local healthcare system was badly impacted by a major outbreak, it opened an opportunity to re-examine the viraemia risk in these asymptomatic donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records were retrieved from blood donors who reported COVID-19 after donation and follow-up was also made for recipients who received their blood. Blood samples at donation were tested for SARS-CoV-2 viraemia by single-tube nested real-time RT-PCR assay designed to detect most SARS-CoV-2 variants including the prevailing delta and omicron variants. RESULTS From 1 January to 15 August 2022, the city with 7.4 M inhabitants recorded 1 187 844 COVID-19 positive cases and 125 936 successful blood donations were received. 781 donors reported to the BTS after donation with 701 being COVID-19 related (including close contact and symptoms respiratory tract infection). 525 COVID-19 were positive at the time of call back or follow-up. Of the 701 donations, they were processed into 1480 components with 1073 discarded upon donors' call back. For remaining 407 components, no recipient was found to have adverse event or COVID-19 positive. 510 samples from the above 525 COVID-19 positive donors were available and all tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. DISCUSSION With the negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA in blood donation samples and follow up data in transfusion recipients, the risk of transfusion transmitted COVID-19 appears negligible. However, current measures remains important in securing blood safety with ongoing surveillance of their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Ng
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - A W H Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W M Chan
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C C Y Yip
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - K H Leung
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K So
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - J N S Leung
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - K K W To
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K Lee
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Mak JWY, Sun Y, Limsrivilai J, Abdullah M, Kaibullayeva J, Balderramo D, Vergara BI, Paudel MS, Banerjee R, Hilmi I, Ali RAR, Wei SC, Ng KK, Altuwaijri M, Kelly P, Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Kotze PG, Ahuja V, Chong VH, Dao HV, Abbey Y, Ching JYL, Ho A, Chan AKW, Bernstein CN, Gearry RB, Abreu M, Rubin DT, Dotan I, Hracs L, Kaplan GG, Ng SC. Development of the global inflammatory bowel disease visualization of epidemiology studies in the 21 st century (GIVES-21). BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:129. [PMID: 37231405 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a rapid increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in newly industrialized countries, yet epidemiological data is incomplete. We herein report the methodology adopted to study the incidence of IBD in newly industrialized countries and to evaluate the effect of environmental factors including diet on IBD development. METHODS Global IBD Visualization of Epidemiology Studies in the 21st Century (GIVES-21) is a population-based cohort of newly diagnosed persons with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to be followed prospectively for 12 months. New cases were ascertained from multiple sources and were entered into a secured online system. Cases were confirmed using standard diagnostic criteria. In addition, endoscopy, pathology and pharmacy records from each local site were searched to ensure completeness of case capture. Validated environmental and dietary questionnaires were used to determine exposure in incident cases prior to diagnosis. RESULTS Through November 2022, 106 hospitals from 24 regions (16 Asia; 6 Latin America; 2 Africa) have joined the GIVES-21 Consortium. To date, over 290 incident cases have been reported. All patients have demographic data, clinical disease characteristics, and disease course data including healthcare utilization, medication history and environmental and dietary exposures data collected. We have established a comprehensive platform and infrastructure required to examine disease incidence, risk factors and disease course of IBD in the real-world setting. CONCLUSIONS The GIVES-21 consortium offers a unique opportunity to investigate the epidemiology of IBD and explores new clinical research questions on the association between environmental and dietary factors and IBD development in newly industrialized countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce W Y Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Jamilya Kaibullayeva
- Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Rupa Banerjee
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ida Hilmi
- University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Shu Chen Wei
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ka Kei Ng
- Conde S. Januário Hospital, Macao SAR, China
| | - Mansour Altuwaijri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Kelly
- Tropical Gastroenterology & Nutrition Group, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | | | - Vineet Ahuja
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | | | - Jessica Y L Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Agnes Ho
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alicia K W Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Maria Abreu
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Iris Dotan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lindsay Hracs
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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21
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is involved in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The gut microbiota has important roles in viral entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression, immune homeostasis, and crosstalk between the gut and lungs, the 'gut-lung axis'. Emerging preclinical and clinical studies indicate that the gut microbiota might contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis and disease outcomes; SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with altered intestinal microbiota and correlated with inflammatory and immune responses. Here, we discuss the cutting-edge evidence on the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the gut microbiota, key microbial changes in relation to COVID-19 severity and host immune dysregulations with the possible underlying mechanisms, and the conceivable consequences of the pandemic on the human microbiome and post-pandemic health. Finally, potential modulatory strategies of the gut microbiota are discussed. These insights could shed light on the development of microbiota-based interventions for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Raphaela I Lau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
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22
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Wu CY, Liang LL, Ho HJ, Hsu CT, Hsu HT, Ao CK, Wu CY, Lin YH, Chuang YF, Hsu YC, Chen YJ, Ng SC. Physical Fitness and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan. JAMA Pediatr 2023:2804407. [PMID: 37126317 PMCID: PMC10152374 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Importance The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in newly industrialized countries but disease etiologies remain unclear. Objective To investigate the association between physical fitness and subsequent IBD risk among children and adolescents in Taiwan. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. Data sources included the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, the National Student Fitness Tests Database, and the Air Quality Monitoring System Database. This study included students who were aged 10 years, completed physical fitness tests between grades 4 and 13, and had at least 1 year of follow-up. Data analysis was last performed on January 15, 2023. Exposures Physical fitness tests included cardiorespiratory endurance (CE; number of minutes to complete an 800-m run), musculoskeletal endurance (ME; number of bent-leg curl-ups in 1 minute), musculoskeletal power (MP; standing broad jump distance), and flexibility fitness (FF; 2-leg sit-and-reach distance). Main Outcomes and Measures Subsequent risk of IBD was compared among students based on physical fitness test results. Six-year cumulative incidences and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated after adjusting for competing mortality. Performance was reported in quantiles, ranging from 1 (best) to 4 (poorest). Results There were 4 552 866 students who completed physical fitness tests between grades 4 and 13; among these students, 1 393 641 were aged 10 years and were included in the analysis. Six-year cumulative incidence of IBD risk was lowest among students in the best-performing quantile of CE (quantile 1, 0.74% [95% CI, 0.63%-0.86%]; P < .001), ME (0.77% [0.65%-0.90%]; P < .001), and MP (0.81% [0.68%-0.93%]; P = .005) compared with students in quantiles 2 through 4, respectively; however, no association was observed for quantiles of FF. After adjusting for competing HRs for mortality and other confounders, better CE was inversely associated with IBD risk (adjusted HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.17-0.75]; P = .007). Other measures of physical fitness were not independently associated with IBD risk. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this study suggest that CE was inversely associated with IBD risk among children and adolescents, but ME, MP, and FF were not independently associated with IBD risk. Future studies that explore the mechanisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Translational Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lin Liang
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu J Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Te Hsu
- Department of Recreation and Sport Management, Shu-Te University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Tao Hsu
- Center for Physical and Health Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Kit Ao
- Department of Economics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Wu
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsian Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chuang
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Wong MCS, Zhang L, Ching JYL, Mak JWY, Huang J, Wang S, Mok CKP, Wong A, Chiu OL, Fung YT, Cheong PK, Tun HM, Ng SC, Chan FKL. Effects of Gut Microbiome Modulation on Reducing Adverse Health Outcomes among Elderly and Diabetes Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (IMPACT Study). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081982. [PMID: 37111201 PMCID: PMC10143994 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is believed to be a major determinant of health outcomes. We hypothesised that a novel oral microbiome formula (SIM01) can reduce the risk of adverse health outcomes in at-risk subjects during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this single-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited subjects aged ≥65 years or with type two diabetes mellitus. Eligible subjects were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive three months of SIM01 or placebo (vitamin C) within one week of the first COVID-19 vaccine dose. Both the researchers and participants were blinded to the groups allocated. The rate of adverse health outcomes was significantly lower in the SIM01 group than the placebo at one month (6 [2.9%] vs. 25 [12.6], p < 0.001) and three months (0 vs. 5 [3.1%], p = 0.025). At three months, more subjects who received SIM01 than the placebo reported better sleep quality (53 [41.4%] vs. 22 [19.3%], p < 0.001), improved skin condition (18 [14.1%] vs. 8 [7.0%], p = 0.043), and better mood (27 [21.2%] vs. 13 [11.4%], p = 0.043). Subjects who received SIM01 showed a significant increase in beneficial Bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing bacteria in faecal samples and strengthened the microbial ecology network. SIM01 reduced adverse health outcomes and restored gut dysbiosis in elderly and diabetes patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica Y L Ching
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce W Y Mak
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shilan Wang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris K P Mok
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Angie Wong
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Oi-Lee Chiu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yee-Ting Fung
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pui-Kuan Cheong
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein-Min Tun
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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24
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Chan FKL, Wong MCS, Chan AT, East JE, Chiu HM, Makharia GK, Weller D, Ooi CJ, Limsrivilai J, Saito Y, Hang DV, Emery JD, Makmun D, Wu K, Ali RAR, Ng SC. Joint Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE)-Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE) clinical practice guidelines on the use of non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia. Gut 2023:gutjnl-2023-329429. [PMID: 37019620 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is effective in reducing CRC related mortality. Current screening methods include endoscopy based and biomarker based approaches. This guideline is a joint official statement of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) and the Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE), developed in response to the increasing use of, and accumulating supportive evidence for the role of, non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC and its precursor lesions. A systematic review of 678 publications and a two stage Delphi consensus process involving 16 clinicians in various disciplines was undertaken to develop 32 evidence based and expert opinion based recommendations for the use of faecal immunochemical tests, faecal based tumour biomarkers or microbial biomarkers, and blood based tumour biomarkers for the detection of CRC and adenoma. Comprehensive up-to-date guidance is provided on indications, patient selection and strengths and limitations of each screening tool. Future research to inform clinical applications are discussed alongside objective measurement of research priorities. This joint APAGE-APSDE practice guideline is intended to provide an up-to-date guide to assist clinicians worldwide in utilising non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening; it has particular salience for clinicians in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis K L Chan
- Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin C S Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James E East
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London, UK
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Julajak Limsrivilai
- Internal Medicine, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dao V Hang
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jon D Emery
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kaichun Wu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Xian, China
| | | | - Siew C Ng
- Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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25
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Xu Z, Mak JWY, Lin Y, Yang K, Liu Q, Zhang F, Lau L, Tang W, Ching JY, Tun HM, Chan P, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Mixed-donor faecal microbiota transplantation was associated with increased butyrate-producing bacteria for obesity. Gut 2023:gutjnl-2022-328993. [PMID: 37001978 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Wing Yan Mak
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keli Yang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Louis Lau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica Yl Ching
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul Chan
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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26
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Burisch J, Zhao M, Odes S, De Cruz P, Vermeire S, Bernstein CN, Kaplan GG, Duricova D, Greenberg D, Melberg HO, Watanabe M, Ahn HS, Targownik L, Pittet VEH, Annese V, Park KT, Katsanos KH, Høivik ML, Krznaric Z, Chaparro M, Loftus EV, Lakatos PL, Gisbert JP, Bemelman W, Moum B, Gearry RB, Kappelman MD, Hart A, Pierik MJ, Andrews JM, Ng SC, D'Inca R, Munkholm P. The cost of inflammatory bowel disease in high-income settings: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8:458-492. [PMID: 36871566 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The cost of caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase worldwide. The cause is not only a steady increase in the prevalence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in both developed and newly industrialised countries, but also the chronic nature of the diseases, the need for long-term, often expensive treatments, the use of more intensive disease monitoring strategies, and the effect of the diseases on economic productivity. This Commission draws together a wide range of expertise to discuss the current costs of IBD care, the drivers of increasing costs, and how to deliver affordable care for IBD in the future. The key conclusions are that (1) increases in health-care costs must be evaluated against improved disease management and reductions in indirect costs, and (2) that overarching systems for data interoperability, registries, and big data approaches must be established for continuous assessment of effectiveness, costs, and the cost-effectiveness of care. International collaborations should be sought out to evaluate novel models of care (eg, value-based health care, including integrated health care, and participatory health-care models), as well as to improve the education and training of clinicians, patients, and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Burisch
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescents and Adults, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Mirabella Zhao
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescents and Adults, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Selwyn Odes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Peter De Cruz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Austin Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Severine Vermeire
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dana Duricova
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre for IBD, ISCARE, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hans O Melberg
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mamoru Watanabe
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyeong Sik Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Laura Targownik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Valérie E H Pittet
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vito Annese
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fakeeh University Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - K T Park
- Stanford Health Care, Packard Health Alliance, Alameda, CA, USA; Genentech (Roche Group), South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Konstantinos H Katsanos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina School of Health Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marte L Høivik
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zeljko Krznaric
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - María Chaparro
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Edward V Loftus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter L Lakatos
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Willem Bemelman
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bjorn Moum
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michael D Kappelman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ailsa Hart
- IBD Unit, St Mark's Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Marieke J Pierik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jane M Andrews
- IBD Service, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Renata D'Inca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Pia Munkholm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital-North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
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27
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Ho JCL, Mak JWY, Yip TCF, Lam HM, Cheng TY, Lam TO, Tam LS, Law MF, Cheung CKM, Ng SC, Wong VWS, Wong GLH. Risk of alanine aminotransferase flare in patients with previous hepatitis B virus exposure on biological modifier therapies-A population-based study. Liver Int 2023; 43:588-598. [PMID: 36516362 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is uncertain whether biological therapies would increase the risk of hepatitis among patients with past hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare in patients with past HBV infection while using biological therapies. METHODOLOGY Patients who received biological therapies for ≥3 months from 2000 to 2019 were identified from a population-based database in Hong Kong. Patients with past HBV infection were compared with a control group without prior HBV exposure. The primary endpoint was development of ALT flare within 5 years of starting biological therapies, defined as ALT >80 IU/L. RESULTS There were 2471 and 2394 patients with and without past HBV infection respectively. There was a non-significant increase in risk of ALT flare among the HBV-exposed group (27.6% vs. 23.7%, p = .055). In multivariable analysis, using prednisolone-equivalent dose of >20 mg daily, male sex and concomitant immunosuppressants were risk factors for ALT flare. The risk of ALT flare was significantly higher with anti-CD20 when compared to other biological agents (36.1% vs. 14.5%, p < .01), but was not significantly different among anti-tumour necrosis factor, anti-cytokine, Janus kinase inhibitors and T cell/B cell inhibitors or anti-integrin (15.2% vs. 14.6% vs. 11.7% vs. 11.1%, p = .82). Among patients with documented hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion, 96% were on anti-CD20. CONCLUSIONS Our study further supports the current suggestion of prophylactic anti-viral before starting anti-CD20 in HBV-exposed patients. While other biological therapies appear to have a lower risk for ALT flare, this result needs further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C L Ho
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce W Y Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Medical Data Analytics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Terry C F Yip
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Medical Data Analytics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Man Lam
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz Yan Cheng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz On Lam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lai Shan Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Man Fai Law
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen K M Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vincent W S Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Medical Data Analytics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Grace L H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Medical Data Analytics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Nagata N, Takeuchi T, Masuoka H, Aoki R, Ishikane M, Iwamoto N, Sugiyama M, Suda W, Nakanishi Y, Terada-Hirashima J, Kimura M, Nishijima T, Inooka H, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Kojima Y, Shimokawa C, Hisaeda H, Zhang F, Yeoh YK, Ng SC, Uemura N, Itoi T, Mizokami M, Kawai T, Sugiyama H, Ohmagari N, Ohno H. Human Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites Impact Immune Responses in COVID-19 and Its Complications. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:272-288. [PMID: 36155191 PMCID: PMC9499989 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We investigate interrelationships between gut microbes, metabolites, and cytokines that characterize COVID-19 and its complications, and we validate the results with follow-up, the Japanese 4D (Disease, Drug, Diet, Daily Life) microbiome cohort, and non-Japanese data sets. METHODS We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing and metabolomics on stools and cytokine measurements on plasma from 112 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 112 non-COVID-19 control individuals matched by important confounders. RESULTS Multiple correlations were found between COVID-19-related microbes (eg, oral microbes and short-chain fatty acid producers) and gut metabolites (eg, branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, carbohydrates, neurotransmitters, and vitamin B6). Both were also linked to inflammatory cytokine dynamics (eg, interferon γ, interferon λ3, interleukin 6, CXCL-9, and CXCL-10). Such interrelationships were detected highly in severe disease and pneumonia; moderately in the high D-dimer level, kidney dysfunction, and liver dysfunction groups; but rarely in the diarrhea group. We confirmed concordances of altered metabolites (eg, branched-chain amino acids, spermidine, putrescine, and vitamin B6) in COVID-19 with their corresponding microbial functional genes. Results in microbial and metabolomic alterations with severe disease from the cross-sectional data set were partly concordant with those from the follow-up data set. Microbial signatures for COVID-19 were distinct from diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and proton-pump inhibitors but overlapping for rheumatoid arthritis. Random forest classifier models using microbiomes can highly predict COVID-19 and severe disease. The microbial signatures for COVID-19 showed moderate concordance between Hong Kong and Japan. CONCLUSIONS Multiomics analysis revealed multiple gut microbe-metabolite-cytokine interrelationships in COVID-19 and COVID-19related complications but few in gastrointestinal complications, suggesting microbiota-mediated immune responses distinct between the organ sites. Our results underscore the existence of a gut-lung axis in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyoshi Nagata
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuoka
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishikane
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Sugiyama
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan,Department of Viral Pathogenesis and Controls, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Junko Terada-Hirashima
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moto Kimura
- Department of Clinical Research Strategic Planning Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Inooka
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama
- Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Shimokawa
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Hisaeda
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Naomi Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Mizokami
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhito Sugiyama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
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Wong MCS, Huang J, Wong YY, Ko S, Chan VCW, Ng SC, Chan FKL. The Use of a Non-Invasive Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Comparative Cost-Effectiveness Modeling Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030633. [PMID: 36765591 PMCID: PMC9913459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of fecal biomarker M3 panel compared to fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and colonoscopy in an Asian population. In a hypothetical population of 100,000 persons aged 50 years who received FIT yearly, M3 biomarker yearly, or colonoscopy every 10 years until the age of 75 years. Participants with positive FOBT or a result of "high risk" identified using the M3 biomarker are offered colonoscopy. We assumed surveillance colonoscopy is repeated every 3 years, and examined the treatment cost. A comparison of various outcome measures was conducted using Markov modelling. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of FIT, M3 biomarker, and colonoscopy was USD108,176, USD133,485 and USD159,596, respectively. Comparing with FIT, the use of M3 biomarker could lead to significantly smaller total loss of cancer-related life-years (2783 vs. 5279); a higher number of CRC cases prevented (1622 vs. 146), a higher proportion of CRC cases prevented (50.2% vs. 4.5%), more life-years saved (2852 vs. 339), and cheaper total costs per life-year saved (USD212,553 vs. 773,894). The total costs per life-year saved is more affordable than that achieved by colonoscopy as a primary screening tool (USD212,553 vs. USD236,909). The findings show that M3 biomarkers may be more cost-effective than colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C. S. Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuet-Yan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samantha Ko
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Victor C. W. Chan
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.N.); (F.K.L.C.); Tel.: +852-3505-1339 (F.K.L.C.); Fax: +852-2647-1557 (F.K.L.C.)
| | - Francis K. L. Chan
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.N.); (F.K.L.C.); Tel.: +852-3505-1339 (F.K.L.C.); Fax: +852-2647-1557 (F.K.L.C.)
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Huang J, Lucero-Prisno DE, Zhang L, Xu W, Wong SH, Ng SC, Wong MCS. Updated epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:271-287. [PMID: 36631716 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, gastrointestinal cancers represent more than one-fourth of all cancer incidence and one-third of cancer-related mortality. Although there has been much progress in screening colorectal cancer, the prognosis of other gastrointestinal cancers tends to be poor. The highest burden of gastrointestinal cancers, including stomach, liver, oesophageal and gallbladder cancers, was observed in regions in East Asia. The increasing burden of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asian regions is related to population growth, ageing and the westernization of lifestyle habits in this region. Furthermore, the rising incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer is an emerging trend in East Asia. This Review provides a comprehensive and updated summary of the epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia, with emphasis on comparing their epidemiology in East Asia with that in Western regions, and highlights the major risk factors and implications for prevention. Overall, to optimally reduce the disease burden incurred by gastrointestinal cancers in East Asian regions, a concerted effort will be needed to modify unhealthy lifestyles, promote vaccination against the hepatitis virus, control Helicobacter pylori, liver fluke and hepatitis virus infections, increase the uptake rate of colorectal cancer screening, enhance detection of early cancers and their precursors, and improve cancer survivorship through an organized rehabilitation programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lin Zhang
- Centre of Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanghong Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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31
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Yao J, Fekadu G, Ng SC, You JHS. Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with active ulcerative colitis: A cost-effectiveness analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:70-78. [PMID: 36181412 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Growing studies have demonstrated clinical benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy (administered by colonoscopy, enema, or both) for active ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of standard treatment with and without FMT therapy for mild-to-moderate active UC from the perspective of US healthcare provider. METHODS A 10-year Markov model was developed to evaluate the costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of standard treatment plus FMT therapy versus standard treatment alone. Model inputs were retrieved from publish data in literature. Base-case and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS In the base-case analysis, standard treatment plus FMT therapy was more effective than standard treatment alone (by 0.068 QALYs). Comparing to standard treatment alone, standard treatment plus FMT therapy varied from cost-saving to incremental cost, subject to the number of FMT administrations. One-way sensitivity analysis identified the relative risk of achieving remission with FMT therapy to be the most influential factor on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of standard treatment plus FMT therapy. Monte-Carlo simulations showed that standard treatment plus FMT therapy with 3 and 6 administrations per FMT course was cost-effective (at willingness-to-pay threshold = 50 000 USD/QALY) in 90.77% and 67.03% of time, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Standard treatment plus FMT therapy appears to be more effective in gaining higher QALYs than standard therapy alone for patients with mild-to-moderate active UC. Cost-effectiveness of standard treatment plus FMT therapy is highly subject to the relative improvement in achieving remission with standard therapy plus FMT therapy and number of FMT administrations per FMT course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ginenus Fekadu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, LKS Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce H S You
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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32
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Su Q, Tun HM, Liu Q, Yeoh YK, Mak JWY, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Gut microbiome signatures reflect different subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2157697. [PMID: 36573834 PMCID: PMC9809927 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2157697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogeneous condition with multifactorial pathogenesis. We studied deeply phenotyped individuals with microbiota sequencing enrolled in the American Gut Project. The IBS subjects were matched by age, gender, body mass index, geography, and dietary patterns with non-IBS controls. A total of 942 subjects with IBS-Diarrhea (IBS-D), IBS-Constipation (IBS-C), unclassified IBS (IBS-U), and 942 non-IBS controls were included. We compared taxonomic and functional composition of gut microbiota based on 16S sequencing data and linked them with clinical characteristics and dietary factors. Subjects with IBS-D or IBS-U but not IBS-C showed significantly reduced bacterial diversity (Shannon; p < .01). Distinct bacterial signatures were associated with different IBS subtypes, and the related functional changes were related to IBS pathogenesis, such as the increased hydrogen sulfide production pathway in IBS-D and the increased palmitoleate biosynthesis pathway in IBS-C. IBS subjects with depression showed lower abundance of Bifidobacterium, Sutterella, Butyricimonas and higher abundance of Proteus than those without depression. The relative abundance of microbial short-chain fatty acid production pathways was significantly lower in IBS patients with depression than those without depression in all three subtypes. Female, younger age in IBS-D, and older age in IBS-C were associated with more severe microbiota dysbiosis, and distinct dietary factors had significant effects on the gut microbiota in different IBS subtypes. Our analysis identified the compositional uniqueness of gut microbiota in different IBS subtypes. Distinct associations of the gut microbiota with depression in IBS provide insights into shared pathways in disease pathogenesis. These findings highlight the importance of personalized gut microbiome modulation approaches in different subtypes for optimal therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Wing Yan Mak
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis KL Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,CONTACT Siew C Ng Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Zheng J, Sun Q, Zhang J, Ng SC. The role of gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and prognosis. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 10:1091-1102. [PMID: 36461896 PMCID: PMC9752296 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated intestinal disease consisting of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Inflammatory bowel disease is believed to be developed as a result of interactions between environmental, immune-mediated and microbial factors in a genetically susceptible host. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have aided the identification of consistent alterations of the gut microbiome in patients with IBD. Preclinical and murine models have also shed light on the role of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in IBD. These findings have stimulated interest in development of non-invasive microbial and metabolite biomarkers for predicting disease risk, disease progression, recurrence after surgery and responses to therapeutics. This review briefly summarizes the current evidence on the role of gut microbiome in IBD pathogenesis and mainly discusses the latest literature on the utilization of potential microbial biomarkers in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zheng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qianru Sun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingwan Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Liu Q, Xu Z, Dai M, Su Q, Leung Chan FK, Ng SC. Faecal microbiota transplantations and the role of bacteriophages. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022:S1198-743X(22)00579-1. [PMID: 36414201 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteriophages are a major component of the human gut microbiota. Emerging evidence suggests that gut bacteriophages play an important role in the intricate dynamics with bacteria, and their transfer may be associated with the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). OBJECTIVES To summarize our current knowledge of the changes in gut bacteriophage communities during FMT and their association with FMT outcome. SOURCES PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for articles on FMT and bacteriophages published between May 2013 and January 2022. CONTENT Preclinical and clinical studies have reported associations between gut bacteriophage profiles and FMT. FMT was associated with donor-specific engraftment of bacteriophages, characterized by increased viral diversity and richness, and the bacteriophage composition resembled the donor's profile after FMT. Limited studies showed that cure after FMT was more likely when an increased fraction of the recipient enteric virome was occupied by donor-derived taxa, including Caudovirales in Clostridioides difficile infection. Faecal virome transplant involving the transfer of the gut virome communities alone may also induce phenotypical and microbiome improvement in various diseases. IMPLICATIONS The accumulating evidence that bacteriophages play roles in FMT efficacy has attracted considerable interest. Better characterization of bacteriophages and an understanding of their underlying mechanisms in FMT are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Dai
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis Ka Leung Chan
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Su Q, Liu Q, Lau RI, Zhang J, Xu Z, Yeoh YK, Leung TWH, Tang W, Zhang L, Liang JQY, Yau YK, Zheng J, Liu C, Zhang M, Cheung CP, Ching JYL, Tun HM, Yu J, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Faecal microbiome-based machine learning for multi-class disease diagnosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6818. [PMID: 36357393 PMCID: PMC9649010 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic characterisation of the human faecal microbiome provides the opportunity to develop non-invasive approaches in the diagnosis of a major human disease. However, shared microbial signatures across different diseases make accurate diagnosis challenging in single-disease models. Herein, we present a machine-learning multi-class model using faecal metagenomic dataset of 2,320 individuals with nine well-characterised phenotypes, including colorectal cancer, colorectal adenomas, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disease, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome and healthy individuals. Our processed data covers 325 microbial species derived from 14.3 terabytes of sequence. The trained model achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.90 to 0.99 (Interquartile range, IQR, 0.91-0.94) in predicting different diseases in the independent test set, with a sensitivity of 0.81 to 0.95 (IQR, 0.87-0.93) at a specificity of 0.76 to 0.98 (IQR 0.83-0.95). Metagenomic analysis from public datasets of 1,597 samples across different populations observes comparable predictions with AUROC of 0.69 to 0.91 (IQR 0.79-0.87). Correlation of the top 50 microbial species with disease phenotypes identifies 363 significant associations (FDR < 0.05). This microbiome-based multi-disease model has potential clinical application in disease diagnostics and treatment response monitoring and warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raphaela Iris Lau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingwan Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thomas W. H. Leung
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessie Q. Y. Liang
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuk Kam Yau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mengjing Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Pan Cheung
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica Y. L. Ching
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M. Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K. L. Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kaplan GG, Underwood FE, Coward S, Agrawal M, Ungaro RC, Brenner EJ, Gearry RB, Kissous-Hunt M, Lewis JD, Ng SC, Rahier JF, Reinisch W, Steinwurz F, Zhang X, Kappelman MD, Colombel JF. The Multiple Waves of COVID-19 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Temporal Trend Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1687-1695. [PMID: 35032167 PMCID: PMC8807298 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have emerged in discrete waves. We explored temporal trends in the reporting of COVID-19 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. METHODS The Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) is an international registry of IBD patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The average percent changes (APCs) were calculated in weekly reported cases of COVID-19 during the periods of March 22 to September 12, September 13 to December 12, 2020, and December 13 to July 31, 2021. RESULTS Across 73 countries, 6404 cases of COVID-19 were reported in IBD patients. COVID-19 reporting decreased globally by 4.2% per week (95% CI, -5.3% to -3.0%) from March 22 to September 12, 2020, then climbed by 10.2% per week (95% CI, 8.1%-12.3%) from September 13 to December 12, 2020, and then declined by 6.3% per week (95% CI, -7.8% to -4.7%). In the fall of 2020, weekly reporting climbed in North America (APC, 11.3%; 95% CI, 8.8-13.8) and Europe (APC, 17.7%; 95% CI, 12.1%-23.5%), whereas reporting was stable in Asia (APC, -8.1%; 95% CI, -15.6-0.1). From December 13, 2020, to July 31, 2021, reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD declined in North America (APC, -8.5%; 95% CI, -10.2 to -6.7) and Europe (APC, -5.4%; 95% CI, -7.2 to -3.6) and was stable in Latin America (APC, -1.5%; 95% CI, -3.5% to 0.6%). CONCLUSIONS Temporal trends in reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD are consistent with the epidemiological patterns COVID-19 globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilaad G Kaplan
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fox E Underwood
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Coward
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manasi Agrawal
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ryan C Ungaro
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erica J Brenner
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard B, Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michele Kissous-Hunt
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- New York Gastroenterology Associates, New York, New York, USA
| | - James D Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jean-Francois Rahier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Department Internal Medicine III, Division Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Flavio Steinwurz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael D Kappelman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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37
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Lam S, Zhang J, Yang K, Chu LC, Zhu W, Tang W, Chan FKL, Chan PKS, Wu WKK, Ng SC. Modulation of gut microbiota impacts diet-induced and drug-induced alopecia in mice. Gut 2022; 71:2366-2369. [PMID: 34987064 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siu Lam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingwan Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Keli Yang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lok Cheung Chu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wenyi Zhu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Whitney Tang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Center for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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38
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Su Q, Liu Q, Zhang L, Xu Z, Liu C, Lu W, Ching JYL, Li A, Mak JWY, Lui GCY, Ng SSS, Chow KM, Hui DSC, Chan PKS, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Antibiotics and probiotics impact gut antimicrobial resistance gene reservoir in COVID-19 patients. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2128603. [PMID: 36201636 PMCID: PMC9543044 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2128603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is well-described in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), but the dynamics of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) reservoir, known as resistome, is less known. Here, we performed longitudinal fecal metagenomic profiling of 142 patients with COVID-19, characterized the dynamics of resistome from diagnosis to 6 months after viral clearance, and reported the impact of antibiotics or probiotics on the ARGs reservoir. Antibiotic-naive patients with COVID-19 showed increased abundance and types, and higher prevalence of ARGs compared with non-COVID-19 controls at baseline. Expansion in resistome was mainly driven by tetracycline, vancomycin, and multidrug-resistant genes and persisted for at least 6 months after clearance of SARS-CoV-2. Patients with expanded resistome exhibited increased prevalence of Klebsiella sp. and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Antibiotic treatment resulted in further increased abundance of ARGs whilst oral probiotics (synbiotic formula, SIM01) significantly reduced the ARGs reservoir in the gut microbiota of COVID-19 patients during the acute infection and recovery phase. Collectively, these findings shed new insights on the dynamic of ARGs reservoir in COVID-19 patients and the potential role of microbiota-directed therapies in reducing the burden of accumulated ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenqi Lu
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica YL Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amy Li
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Wing Yan Mak
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Grace Chung Yan Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Microbiology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susanna So Shan Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Ming Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David SC Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul KS Chan
- Department of Microbiology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis Ka Leung Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (Magic), Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,CONTACT Siew C Ng Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Sandborn WJ, D'Haens GR, Sands BE, Panaccione R, Ng SC, Lawendy N, Kulisek N, Modesto I, Guo X, Mundayat R, Su C, Vranic I, Panés J. Tofacitinib for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: an integrated summary of up to 7.8 years of safety data from the global clinical program. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 17:338-351. [PMID: 36124702 PMCID: PMC10069618 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Tofacitinib is an oral small molecule JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. We report an integrated summary of tofacitinib safety [exposure:≤7.8 years] from the global clinical program. METHODS Patients receiving tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (BID) from completed phase [P]2/3 placebo-controlled studies, open-label, long-term extension study [final data cut-off: August 24, 2020], and interim analysis of a P3b/4 study [interim data cut-off: February 20, 2020; Overall plus P3b/4 (2020) Cohort], were included. Proportions with adverse events [AEs] and serious AEs, and incidence rates [IRs; unique patients with events/100 patient-years] for deaths and AEs of special interest [AESI] were evaluated. Opportunistic infections, malignancies, major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE], and gastrointestinal perforations were adjudicated. RESULTS In total, 1157 patients received ≥1 dose of tofacitinib (mean duration: 946.9 days); 955/1157 [83%] received a predominant dose of 10 mg BID; 412/1157 [35.6%] received tofacitinib for >4 years; 992/1157 [85.7%] had AEs, 244/1157 [21.1%] had serious AEs, and 134/1157 (11.6%) discontinued due to AEs. IRs [95% CIs] for all tofacitinib doses: deaths, 0.23 [0.09-0.46]; serious infections, 1.69 [1.26-2.21]; herpes zoster [non-serious and serious], 3.30 [2.67-4.04]; opportunistic infections, 1.03 [0.70-1.46]; malignancies [excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)], 0.84 [0.55-1.24]; NMSC, 0.73 [0.45-1.10]; MACE, 0.29 [0.13-0.55]; deep vein thrombosis, 0.03 [0.00-0.18]; pulmonary embolism, 0.19 [0.07-0.42]; gastrointestinal perforations, 0.10 [0.02-0.28]. CONCLUSIONS AESI IRs were stable to 7.8 years and generally <2.0 in the Overall plus P3b/4 (2020) Cohort, with the exception of herpes zoster [a known risk of tofacitinib treatment].
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Sandborn
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geert R D'Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce E Sands
- Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Remo Panaccione
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Siew C Ng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, LKS Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julian Panés
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Zhang F, Zuo T, Wan Y, Xu Z, Cheung C, Li AY, Zhu W, Tang W, Chan PK, Chan FK, Ng SC. Multi-omic analyses identify mucosa bacteria and fecal metabolites associated with weight loss after fecal microbiota transplantation. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100304. [PMID: 36091491 PMCID: PMC9460156 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promising results in animal models of obesity, while results in human studies are inconsistent. We aimed to determine factors associated with weight loss after FMT in nine obese subjects using serial multi-omics analysis of the fecal and mucosal microbiome. The mucosal microbiome, fecal microbiome, and fecal metabolome showed individual clustering in each subject after FMT. The colonic microbiome in patients showed more marked variance after FMT compared with the duodenal microbiome, characterized by an increased relative abundance of Bacteroides. Subjects who lost weight after FMT sustained enrichment of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Alistipes onderdonkii in the duodenal, colonic mucosal, and fecal microbiome and increased levels of phosphopantothenate biosynthesis and fecal metabolite eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), compared with those without weight loss. Fecal levels of amino acid metabolism-associated were positively correlated with the fecal abundance of B. bifidum, and fatty acid metabolism-associated metabolites showed positive correlations with A. onderdonkii. We report for the first time the individualized response of fecal and mucosa microbiome to FMT in obese subjects and highlight that FMT is less capable of shaping the small intestine microbiota. These findings contribute to personalized microbe-based therapies for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Zuo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yating Wan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chunpan Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Amy Y. Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wenyi Zhu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Paul K.S. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis K.L. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong 999077, China
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Corresponding author
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Trakman GL, Lin WYY, Hamilton AL, Wilson-O’Brien AL, Stanley A, Ching JY, Yu J, Mak JWY, Sun Y, Niu J, Miao Y, Lin X, Feng R, Chen M, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Morrison M, Ng SC, Kamm MA. Processed Food as a Risk Factor for the Development and Perpetuation of Crohn's Disease-The ENIGMA Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173627. [PMID: 36079885 PMCID: PMC9460819 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Developing countries have experienced a rapid recent rise in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) incidence and emerging evidence suggests processed foods and food additives may predispose one to the development and perpetuation of Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study was to evaluate processed food and food additive intake in CD patients and controls, in Australia (high CD incidence), Hong Kong (intermediate incidence) and mainland China (emerging incidence). (2) Methods: In 274 CD patients (CD), 82 first-degree relatives (FDR), 83 household members (HM) and 92 healthy unrelated controls (HC) from Australia (n = 180), Hong Kong (HK) (n = 160) and mainland China (n = 191) we estimated early life (0–18 years), recent (12 months), and current processed and food additive intake, using validated questionnaires and a 3-day-food diary. (3) Results: Early life processed food intake: Combining all regions, CD were more likely to have consumed soft drinks and fast foods than HM, more likely to have consumed processed fruit and snacks than their FDR, and more likely to have consumed a range of processed foods than HC. HK and China CD patients were more likely to have consumed a range of processed foods than HC. Recent food-additive intake (12-months): Combining all regions, CD patients had significantly higher intakes of aspartame and sucralose, and polysorbate-80, than HC, and more total emulsifiers, artificial sweeteners, and titanium dioxide than FDR and HC. HK and China CD patients had a higher intake of almost all food additives than all controls. Current additive intake (3-days): Australian and HK CD patients had higher total food-additive intake than FDR, and HK CD patients had a higher intake of total food-additives and emulsifiers than HM. (4) Conclusions: CD patients have been exposed to more processed food and food additives than control groups, which may predispose them to CD development and ongoing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina L. Trakman
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Winnie Y. Y. Lin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy L. Hamilton
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Amy L. Wilson-O’Brien
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Annalise Stanley
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
| | - Jessica Y. Ching
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joyce W. Y. Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Junkun Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norman J Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R. Hebert
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Norman J Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Mark Morrison
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael A Kamm
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3065, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3 9417-5064
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Iwatate M, Hirata D, Francisco CPD, Co JT, Byeon J, Joshi N, Banerjee R, Quach DT, Aye TT, Chiu H, Lau LHS, Ng SC, Ang TL, Khomvilai S, Li X, Ho S, Sano W, Hattori S, Fujita M, Murakami Y, Shimatani M, Kodama Y, Sano Y. Efficacy of international web-based educational intervention in the detection of high-risk flat and depressed colorectal lesions higher (CATCH project) with a video: Randomized trial. Dig Endosc 2022; 34:1166-1175. [PMID: 35122323 PMCID: PMC9540870 DOI: 10.1111/den.14244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Three subcategories of high-risk flat and depressed lesions (FDLs), laterally spreading tumors non-granular type (LST-NG), depressed lesions, and large sessile serrated lesions (SSLs), are highly attributable to post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (CRC). Efficient and organized educational programs on detecting high-risk FDLs are lacking. We aimed to explore whether a web-based educational intervention with training on FIND clues (fold deformation, intensive stool/mucus attachment, no vessel visibility, and demarcated reddish area) may improve the ability to detect high-risk FDLs. METHODS This was an international web-based randomized control trial that enrolled non-expert endoscopists in 13 Asian countries. The participants were randomized into either education or non-education group. All participants took the pre-test and post-test to read 60 endoscopic images (40 high-risk FDLs, five polypoid, 15 no lesions) and answered whether there was a lesion. Only the education group received a self-education program (video and training questions and answers) between the tests. The primary outcome was a detection rate of high-risk FDLs. RESULTS In total, 284 participants were randomized. After excluding non-responders, the final data analyses were based on 139 participants in the education group and 130 in the non-education group. The detection rate of high-risk FDLs in the education group significantly improved by 14.7% (66.6-81.3%) compared with -0.8% (70.8-70.0%) in the non-education group. Similarly, the detection rate of LST-NG, depressed lesions, and large SSLs significantly increased only in the education group by 12.7%, 12.0%, and 21.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Short self-education focusing on detecting high-risk FDLs was effective for Asian non-expert endoscopists. (UMIN000042348).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineo Iwatate
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
| | - Daizen Hirata
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKindai UniversityOsakaJapan
| | | | - Jonard Tan Co
- Institute of Digestive and Liver DiseasesSt. Luke’s Medical CenterTaguig CityPhilippines
| | - Jeong‐Sik Byeon
- Department of GastroenterologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Neeraj Joshi
- Gastro Enterology UnitNepal Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLalitpurNepal
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Medical GastroenterologyAsian Institute of GastroenterologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Duc Trong Quach
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi MinhVietnam
| | | | - Han‐Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Louis H. S. Lau
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineInstitute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineInstitute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Tiing Leong Ang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyChangi General HospitalSingHealthSingapore
| | - Supakij Khomvilai
- Surgical EndoscopyColorectal DivisionDepartment of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Xiao‐Bo Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKey Laboratory of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMinistry of Health, Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shiaw‐Hooi Ho
- Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Wataru Sano
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
| | - Santa Hattori
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
| | - Mikio Fujita
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
| | | | - Masaaki Shimatani
- The Third Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKansai Medical University Medical CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineHyogoJapan
| | - Yasushi Sano
- Gastrointestinal Center and Institute of Minimally‐invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC)Sano HospitalHyogoJapan
- Kansai Medical UniversityOsakaJapan
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Azhari H, King JA, Coward S, Windsor JW, Ma C, Shah SC, Ng SC, Mak JWY, Kotze PG, Ben-Horin S, Loftus EV, Lees CW, Gearry R, Burisch J, Lakatos PL, Calvet X, Bosques Padilla FJ, Underwood FE, Kaplan GG. The Global Incidence of Peptic Ulcer Disease Is Decreasing Since the Turn of the 21st Century: A Study of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:1419-1427. [PMID: 35973143 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common cause of hospitalization worldwide. We assessed temporal trends in hospitalization for PUD in 36 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries since the turn of the 21st century. METHODS The OECD database contains data on PUD-related hospital discharges and mortality for 36 countries between 2000 and 2019. Hospitalization rates for PUD were expressed as annual rates per 100,000 persons. Joinpoint regression models were used to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each country, which were pooled using meta-analyses. The incidence of PUD was forecasted to 2021 using autoregressive integrated moving average and Poisson regression models. RESULTS The overall median hospitalization rate was 42.4 with an interquartile range of 29.7-60.6 per 100,000 person-years. On average, hospitalization rates (AAPC = -3.9%; 95% CI: -4.4, -3.3) and morality rates (AAPC = -4.7%; 95% CI: -5.6, -3.8) for PUD have decreased from 2000 to 2019 globally. The forecasted incidence of PUD hospitalizations in 2021 ranged from 3.5 per 100,000 in Mexico to 92.1 per 100,000 in Lithuania. Across 36 countries in the OECD, 329,000 people are estimated to be hospitalized for PUD in 2021. DISCUSSION PUD remains an important cause of hospitalization worldwide. Reassuringly, hospitalizations and mortality for PUD have consistently been falling in OECD countries in North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. Identifying underlying factors driving these trends is essential to sustaining this downward momentum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Azhari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - James A King
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta SPOR Support Unit Data Platform, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Coward
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph W Windsor
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shailja C Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- GI Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joyce W Y Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paulo G Kotze
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Shomron Ben-Horin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Edward V Loftus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Charlie W Lees
- The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Richard Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Johan Burisch
- Gastrounit, medical division, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Peter L Lakatos
- Division of Gastroenteorlogy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí. Sabadell, Catalonia
- Centro de investigación e red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas (CiberEHD)
| | - Francisco Javier Bosques Padilla
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Hospital San José Tecnológico de Monterrey
| | - Fox E Underwood
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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44
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Buie MJ, Quan J, Windsor JW, Coward S, Hansen TM, King JA, Kotze PG, Gearry RB, Ng SC, Mak JWY, Abreu MT, Rubin DT, Bernstein CN, Banerjee R, Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Panaccione R, Seow CH, Ma C, Underwood FE, Ahuja V, Panaccione N, Shaheen AA, Holroyd-Leduc J, Kaplan GG, Balderramo D, Chong VH, Juliao-Baños F, Dutta U, Simadibrata M, Kaibullayeva J, Sun Y, Hilmi I, Raja Ali RA, Paudel MS, Altuwaijri M, Hartono JL, Wei SC, Limsrivilai J, El Ouali S, Vergara BI, Dao VH, Kelly P, Hodges P, Miao Y, Li M. Global Hospitalization Trends for Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review With Temporal Analyses. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022:S1542-3565(22)00670-X. [PMID: 35863682 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The evolving epidemiologic patterns of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) throughout the world, in conjunction with advances in therapeutic treatments, may influence hospitalization rates of IBD. We performed a systematic review with temporal analysis of hospitalization rates for IBD across the world in the 21st century. METHODS We systematically reviewed Medline and Embase for population-based studies reporting hospitalization rates for IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), or ulcerative colitis (UC) in the 21st century. Log-linear models were used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) with associated 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Random-effects meta-analysis pooled country-level AAPCs. Data were stratified by the epidemiologic stage of a region: compounding prevalence (stage 3) in North America, Western Europe, and Oceania vs acceleration of incidence (stage 2) in Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America vs emergence (stage 1) in developing countries. RESULTS Hospitalization rates for a primary diagnosis of IBD were stable in countries in stage 3 (AAPC, -0.13%; 95% CI, -0.72 to 0.97), CD (AAPC, 0.20%; 95% CI, -1.78 to 2.17), and UC (AAPC, 0.02%; 95% CI, -0.91 to 0.94). In contrast, hospitalization rates for a primary diagnosis were increasing in countries in stage 2 for IBD (AAPC, 4.44%; 95% CI, 2.75 to 6.14), CD (AAPC, 8.34%; 95% CI, 4.38 to 12.29), and UC (AAPC, 3.90; 95% CI, 1.29 to 6.52). No population-based studies were available for developing regions in stage 1 (emergence). CONCLUSIONS Hospitalization rates for IBD are stabilizing in countries in stage 3, whereas newly industrialized countries in stage 2 have rapidly increasing hospitalization rates, contributing to an increasing burden on global health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Buie
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joshua Quan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph W Windsor
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Coward
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tawnya M Hansen
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James A King
- Centre for Health Informatics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Support Unit, Data Platform and Provincial Research Data Services, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paulo G Kotze
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient Clinics, Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joyce W Y Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jesus K Yamamoto-Furusho
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Remo Panaccione
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cynthia H Seow
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fox E Underwood
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nicola Panaccione
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdel-Aziz Shaheen
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jayna Holroyd-Leduc
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | | | - Domingo Balderramo
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vui Heng Chong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Fabián Juliao-Baños
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pablo Tobon Uribe Hospital, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Usha Dutta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Marcellus Simadibrata
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department Internal Medicine, Faculty Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Indonesia, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jamilya Kaibullayeva
- Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan, China; Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ida Hilmi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Gastroenterology Unit, Gut Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mukesh Sharma Paudel
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mansour Altuwaijri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juanda Leo Hartono
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Shu Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Julajak Limsrivilai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sara El Ouali
- Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Beatriz Iade Vergara
- Centro de Asistencia del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay Cooperativa de Servicios Médicos, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Viet Hang Dao
- Internal Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Paul Kelly
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom; Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Phoebe Hodges
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom; Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan, China; Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Maojuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan, China; Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Zhang F, Ng SC. Reply. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:337-338. [PMID: 35367195 PMCID: PMC8968176 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Lin S, Lau LH, Chanchlani N, Kennedy NA, Ng SC. Recent advances in clinical practice: management of inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gut 2022; 71:1426-1439. [PMID: 35477864 PMCID: PMC9185820 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised considerable concerns that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly those treated with immunosuppressive therapies, may have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition, develop worse outcomes following COVID-19, and have suboptimal vaccine response compared with the general population. In this review, we summarise data on the risk of COVID-19 and associated outcomes, and latest guidance on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with IBD. Emerging evidence suggests that commonly used medications for IBD, such as corticosteroids but not biologicals, were associated with adverse outcomes to COVID-19. There has been no increased risk of de novo, or delayed, IBD diagnoses, however, an overall decrease in endoscopy procedures has led to a rise in the number of missed endoscopic-detected cancers during the pandemic. The impact of IBD medication on vaccine response has been a research priority recently. Data suggest that patients with IBD treated with antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) medications had attenuated humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and more rapid antibody decay, compared with non-anti-TNF-treated patients. Reassuringly, rates of breakthrough infections and hospitalisations in all patients who received vaccines, irrespective of IBD treatment, remained low. International guidelines recommend that all patients with IBD treated with immunosuppressive therapies should receive, at any point during their treatment cycle, three primary doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with a further booster dose as soon as possible. Future research should focus on our understanding of the rate of antibody decay in biological-treated patients, which patients require additional doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, the long-term risks of COVID-19 on IBD disease course and activity, and the potential risk of long COVID-19 in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Louis Hs Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Neil Chanchlani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicholas A Kennedy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Exeter Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Mak JWY, Yuen NTK, Yip TCF, Lam RHM, Lam BKH, Cheng CTY, Wong GLH, Chan FKL, Ng SC. No increased risk of flare in ulcerative colitis patients in corticosteroid-free remission after stopping 5-aminosalicylic acid: A territory-wide population-based study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1284-1289. [PMID: 35338526 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Whether 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA) can be stopped in patients with stable ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. We aimed to examine whether 5-ASA can be safely withdrawn in UC patients who have been in corticosteroid-free clinical remission for ≥ 1 year. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study using territory-wide healthcare database in Hong Kong. Primary outcome was development of UC flare, defined as new corticosteroid use or UC-related hospitalizations within 5 years. UC patients on oral 5-ASA ≥ 2 g daily for ≥ 1 year with C-reactive protein (CRP) < 10 mg/dL and no 5-ASA dosage escalation, UC-related hospitalization or corticosteroid use in the past year were included. Patients on biological agents were excluded. Patients were classified as "stopping" if 5-ASA was withdrawn for ≥ 90 days within follow-up period. We performed multivariable Cox regression models adjusting for demographics, blood parameters and immunosuppressants used. Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported comparing stopping and continuous-use groups. RESULTS A total of 1408 patients were included with a median follow-up duration of 41.8 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 17.2-60.0 months). Stopping 5-ASA was not associated with an increased risk of UC flare (aHR 0.91; 95% CI 0.64-1.31; P = 0.620). A higher CRP levels at the time of stopping 5-ASA (aHR 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.30; P = 0.037) were associated with increased risk of flare. CONCLUSION Stopping 5-ASA in UC patients in corticosteroid-free remission for ≥ 1 year was not associated with increased risk of flare. Future prospective trials should evaluate the role of stopping 5-ASA in stable UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce W Y Mak
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Medical Data Analytics Centre (MDAC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nobel T K Yuen
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Terry C F Yip
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Medical Data Analytics Centre (MDAC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ray H M Lam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brian K H Lam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cherry T Y Cheng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Grace L H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Medical Data Analytics Centre (MDAC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Science, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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48
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Ananthakrishnan AN, Kaplan GG, Bernstein CN, Burke KE, Lochhead PJ, Sasson AN, Agrawal M, Tiong JHT, Steinberg J, Kruis W, Steinwurz F, Ahuja V, Ng SC, Rubin DT, Colombel JF, Gearry R. Lifestyle, behaviour, and environmental modification for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: an International Organization for Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases consensus. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:666-678. [PMID: 35487235 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and lifestyle factors play an important role in the natural history of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A group of international experts from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases voted on a series of consensus statements to inform the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The recommendations include avoiding traditional cigarette smoking in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, screening for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychosocial stressors at diagnosis and during flares (with referral to mental health professionals when appropriate), and encouraging regular physical activity as tolerated. Patients using dietary approaches for treatment of their IBD should be encouraged to adopt diets that are best supported by evidence and involve monitoring for the objective resolution of inflammation. We recommend formal assessment for obesity and nutritional deficiencies, and patients should be encouraged to maintain a normal body-mass index. A shared decision-making approach to contraception should include the consideration of IBD-related factors, and risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Long-term or frequent use of high-dose non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. For primary prevention of disease in the offspring of patients with IBD, we recommend avoiding passive exposure to tobacco, using antibiotics judiciously, and considering breastfeeding when able.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kristin E Burke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul J Lochhead
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexa N Sasson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manasi Agrawal
- Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (PREDICT), Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jimmy Ho Tuan Tiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Joshua Steinberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wolfgang Kruis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Flavio Steinwurz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, LKS Institute of Health Science and Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David T Rubin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Gearry
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Fehily SR, Al-Ani AH, Abdelmalak J, Rentch C, Zhang E, Denholm JT, Johnson D, Ng SC, Sharma V, Rubin DT, Gibson PR, Christensen B. Review article: latent tuberculosis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases receiving immunosuppression-risks, screening, diagnosis and management. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:6-27. [PMID: 35596242 PMCID: PMC9325436 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One quarter of the world's population has latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Systemic immunosuppression is a risk factor for LTBI reactivation and the development of active tuberculosis. Such reactivation carries a risk of significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the increasing global incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the use of immune-based therapies, current guidelines on the testing and treatment of LTBI in patients with IBD are haphazard with a paucity of evidence. AIM To review the screening, diagnostic practices and medical management of LTBI in patients with IBD. METHODS Published literature was reviewed, and recommendations for testing and treatment were synthesised by experts in both infectious diseases and IBD. RESULTS Screening for LTBI should be performed proactively and includes assessment of risk factors, an interferon-gamma releasing assay or tuberculin skin test and chest X-ray. LTBI treatment in patients with IBD is scenario-dependent, related to geographical endemicity, travel and other factors. Ideally, LTBI therapy should be used prior to immune suppression but can be applied concurrently where urgent IBD medical treatment is required. Management is best directed by a multidisciplinary team involving gastroenterologists, infectious diseases specialists and pharmacists. Ongoing surveillance is recommended during therapy. Newer LTBI therapies show promise, but medication interactions need to be considered. There are major gaps in evidence, particularly with specific newer therapeutic approaches to IBD. CONCLUSIONS Proactive screening for LTBI is essential in patients with IBD undergoing immune-suppressing therapy and several therapeutic strategies are available. Reporting of real-world experience is essential to refining current management recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha R Fehily
- Gastroenterology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aysha H Al-Ani
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Gastroenterology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan Abdelmalak
- Gastroenterology Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clarissa Rentch
- Gastroenterology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eva Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justin T Denholm
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Tuberculosis Program, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Doherty Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Douglas Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - David T Rubin
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter R Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University and Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Britt Christensen
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Gastroenterology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Quaresma AB, Damiao AO, Coy CS, Magro DO, Hino AA, Valverde DA, Panaccione R, Coward SB, Ng SC, Kaplan GG, Kotze PG. Temporal trends in the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the public healthcare system in Brazil: A large population-based study. Lancet Reg Health Am 2022; 13:100298. [PMID: 36777324 PMCID: PMC9903988 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Population-based data on epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) in Brazil are scarce. This study aims to define temporal trends of incidence and prevalence rates of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in Brazil. Methods All IBD patients from the public healthcare national system were included from January 2012 to December 2020. Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using log-linear regression for incidence and binomial regression for prevalence. Moran's I autocorrelation index was used to analyse clustering of cities by level of prevalence. Findings A total of 212,026 IBD patients were included. Incidence of IBD rose from 9.4 in 2012 to 9.6 per 100,000 in 2020 (AAPC=0.8%; 95% CI -0.37, 1.99); for UC, incidence increased from 5.7 to 6.9 per 100,000 (AAPC=3.0%; 95% CI 1.51, 4.58) and for CD incidence decreased from 3.7 to 2.7 per 100,000 (AAPC=-3.2%; 95% CI -4.45, -2.02). Prevalence of IBD increased from 30.0 in 2012 to 100.1 per 100,000 in 2020 (AAPC=14.8%; CI 14.78-14.95); for UC, from 15.7 to 56.5 per 100,000 (AAPC=16.0%; CI 15.94, 16.17); for CD from 12.6 to 33.7 per 100,000 (AAPC=12.1% CI 11.95, 12.02). A south-north gradient was observed in 2020 prevalence rates of IBD [I=0.40 (p<0.0001)], CD [I=0.22 (p<0.0001)] and UC [I=0.42 (p<0.0001)]. Interpretation Incidence of CD is decreasing whereas of UC is increasing, leading to stabilization in the incidence of IBD from 2012 to 2020 in Brazil. Prevalence of IBD has been climbing with 0.1% of Brazilians living with IBD in 2020. Funding None.
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Key Words
- AAPC, Average Annual Percent Change
- AC, Acre
- AL, Alagoas
- AM, Amazonas
- AP, Amapá
- BA, Bahia
- Brazil
- CAAE, Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation
- CD, Crohn's disease
- CE, Ceará
- CI, confidence intervals
- Crohn's disease
- DATASUS, Department of Health Informatics/Ministry of Health
- DF, Distrito federal
- ES, Espírito Santo
- Epidemiology
- GO, Goiás
- IBD, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
- IBDU, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases undetermined
- IBGE, National Institute of Geographics and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística)
- ICD-10, Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision
- Incidence
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- MA, Maranhão
- MG, Minas Gerais
- MS, Mato Grosso do Sul
- MT, Mato Grosso
- PA, Pará
- PB, Paraíba
- PE, Pernambuco
- PI, Piauí
- PR, Paraná
- Prevalence
- RN, Rio Grande do Norte
- RO, Rondônia
- RR, Roraima
- RS, Rio Grande do Sul
- SC, Santa Catarina
- SE, Sergipe
- SP, São Paulo
- SUS, national public health system (Sistema Único de Saúde)
- TO, Tocantins
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- UNOESC, University of the West of Santa Catarina
- Ulcerative colitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel B. Quaresma
- Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, UNOESC, Colorectal Surgery, Joaçaba, Brazil,Corresponding author.
| | | | - Claudio S.R. Coy
- University of Campinas UNICAMP, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniela O. Magro
- University of Campinas UNICAMP, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriano A.F. Hino
- Catholic University of Paraná, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Remo Panaccione
- University of Calgary, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Calgary, Canada
| | - Stephanie B. Coward
- University of Calgary, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Calgary, Canada
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gilaad G. Kaplan
- University of Calgary, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Calgary, Canada
| | - Paulo G. Kotze
- Catholic University of Paraná, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Curitiba, Brazil,Catholic University of Paraná, IBD outpatient Clinics, Colorectal Surgery Unit, Curitiba, Brazil
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