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Ong KH, Lai HY, Sun DP, Chen TJ, Huang SKH, Tian YF, Chou CL, Shiue YL, Chan TC, Li CF, Kuo YH. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) is a prognostic indicator for cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:593. [PMID: 38102624 PMCID: PMC10724938 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common malignant bile duct tumor in Southeast Asia. The special location of cholangiocarcinoma leads to it being difficult to diagnose. Currently, the progress in clinical prognosis outcomes remains abysmal owing to the lack of definitive diagnostic criteria. Therefore, uncovering the potential markers for cholangiocarcinoma is a pressing issue. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) is a critical ubiquitination enzyme; it is involved in the tumorigenesis of various malignancies and affects the patient's prognosis. However, there is currently no relevant literature to indicate whether UBE2C is related to the clinical survival outcome of cholangiocarcinoma patients. In this report, we mined the published cholangiocarcinoma transcriptome data set (GSE26566), compared it with the ubiquitination-associated gene (GO:0016567), and identified that UBE2C was highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma tumor tissue. Moreover, high expression of UBE2C was markedly correlated with surgical margin, primary tumor, histological variants, and histological grade. More specifically, high expression of UBE2C was negatively associated with overall survival, disease-specific survival, local recurrence-free survival, and metastasis-free survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Our findings demonstrate that UBE2C may provide a potential therapeutic marker and prognostic factor for cholangiocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaa Hoo Ong
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan.
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Ong KH, Hsieh YY, Lai HY, Sun DP, Chen TJ, Huang SKH, Tian YF, Chou CL, Shiue YL, Wu HC, Chan TC, Tsai HH, Li CF, Kuo YH. LAMC2 is a potential prognostic biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:533. [PMID: 38020294 PMCID: PMC10655064 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a common malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed at the advanced stage with poor survival rate. Laminin subunit γ2 (LAMC2) is a heparin binding-associated gene involved in tumorigenesis and has been implicated in the prognosis of various types of cancers. However, it is unclear whether expression of LAMC2 is associated with the clinical outcome of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. In the present study, the role and prognostic value of LAMC2 expression in patients with cholangiocarcinoma was investigated. Clinical information and pathological characteristics were analyzed and the association between LAMC2 expression and clinical characteristics, pathological findings and patient outcomes, including metastasis-free and disease-specific survival, were investigated. Data from 182 patients with cholangiocarcinoma were evaluated. High LAMC2 expression was associated with higher tumor stage (P<0.001), large duct type (P=0.024) and poor histological grade (P=0.002). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed high LAMC2 expression was associated with lower overall (P=0.003), disease-specific (P=0.0025), local recurrence-free (P<0.0001) and metastasis-free survival (P<0.0001). Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that increased LAMC2 expression was a significant predictive risk factor for overall [hazard ratio (HR) 1.713; P=0.034], disease-specific (HR 2.011; P=0.039), local recurrence-free (HR 2.721; P<0.001) and metastasis-free survival (HR 3.117; P<0.001). Gene enrichment analysis using Gene Ontology showed that terms associated with LAMC2 upregulation were 'regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-βsignaling pathway' and 'platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β signaling pathway'. The present study indicated that LAMC2 was upregulated in cholangiocarcinoma tumor tissue and had an inverse association with overall, disease-specific, local recurrence-free and metastasis-free survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. These results suggested that LAMC2 may serve as a potential biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaa Hoo Ong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yao-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 23561, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Division of Urology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Chang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Ong KH, Hsieh YY, Lai HY, Sun DP, Chen TJ, Huang SKH, Tian YF, Chou CL, Shiue YL, Wu HC, Chan TC, Tsai HH, Li CF, Su PA, Kuo YH. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein overexpression is an independent poor prognostic indicator in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17444. [PMID: 37838792 PMCID: PMC10576746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) interacts with various extracellular matrix proteins in tissues. Elevated COMP levels recently linked to worse overall survival in multiple cancer types. COMP's significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) remains uncertain. Here we report a retrospective study to explore COMP's impact on iCCA outcomes. We collected 182 patients' iCCA tumor tissues. COMP overexpression was associated with adverse factors like R1 resection (p = 0.008), advanced T stage (p < 0.001), large duct type (p = 0.004), and poorly differentiated histology (p = 0.002). COMP overexpression correlates with poorer DFS (HR, 3.651; p = 0.001), OS (HR, 1.827; p = 0.023), LRFS (HR, 4.077; p < 0.001), and MFS (HR, 3.718; p < 0.001). High COMP expression ties to worse overall survival (p = 0.0001), DSS (p < 0.0001), LRFS (p < 0.0001), and MFS (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, COMP overexpression links to poor prognosis and pathological features in iCCA, indicating its potential as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaa Hoo Ong
- Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yao-Yu Hsieh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Ling Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 717, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Chang Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan, ROC
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-An Su
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chi Mei Medical Center, No.901, Zhonghua Rd. Yongkang Dist, Tainan City, 71004, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, ROC.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan, ROC.
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan, ROC.
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Li WM, Chan TC, Wei YC, Li CF, Ke HL, Wu WJ, Hsu CC, Wang SC, Yeh CF. Downregulation of CRTAC1 in Urothelial Carcinoma Promotes Tumor Aggressiveness and Confers Poor Prognosis. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:217. [PMID: 37796703 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) is a glycosylated calcium-binding extracellular matrix protein. The oncological functions of CRTAC1 in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder (UB) and upper urinary tract (UT) have not yet been elucidated. Based on the published UBUC transcriptome data, we re-evaluated the differential expression profile of calcium ion binding-related genes (GO:0005509), and we found that CRTAC1 was the most significantly downregulated gene in UBUC progression. Therefore, we analyzed the prognostic value and biological significance of CRTAC1 expression in UC. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry to determine the CRTAC1 expression levels in 340 patients with UTUC and 295 patients with UBUC. The CRTAC1 expression was compared with the clinicopathological characteristics, and the prognostic impact of CRTAC1 on metastasis-free survival (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) was evaluated. To study the biological functions of CRTAC1, the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation abilities of UC-derived cells were evaluated. RESULTS A low CRTAC1 expression significantly correlated with high tumor stage, high histological grade, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, nodal metastasis, and high mitotic rate (all p < 0.01). Moreover, the CRTAC1 immunoexpression status was an independent prognostic factor for MFS and DSS in UBUC and UTUC patients (all p < 0.001) in the multivariate analysis. The exogenous expression of CRTAC1 suppressed the cell proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis, and downregulated the matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) level in BFTC909 and T24 cells. CONCLUSIONS CRTAC1 may participate in progression of UC and serve as a prognostic marker for metastasis. Low CRTAC1 expression was significantly associated with aggressive UC characteristics and worse clinical outcomes. The inclusion of CRTAC1 immunoexpression in the standard pathological variables may optimize the risk stratification of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Gang-Shan Hospital, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, 900 Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 350 Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, 801 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 350 Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, 801 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chia Hsu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, 402 Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, 402 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Environment Engineering and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 717 Tainan, Taiwan
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Li CF, Chan TC, Fang FM, Yu SC, Huang HY. PAK1 overexpression promotes myxofibrosarcoma angiogenesis through STAT5B-mediated CSF2 transactivation: clinical and therapeutic relevance of amplification and nuclear entry. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3920-3936. [PMID: 37564209 PMCID: PMC10411477 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma is genetically complex without established nonsurgical therapies. In public datasets, PAK1 was recurrently gained with mRNA upregulation. Using myxofibrosarcoma cells, we explored the oncogenic underpinning of PAK1 with genetic manipulation and a pan-PAK inhibitor (PF3758309). Myxofibrosarcoma specimens were analyzed for the levels of PAK1, phospho-PAKT423, CSF2 and microvascular density (MVD) and those of PAK1 gene and mRNA. PAK1-expressing xenografts were assessed for the effects of PF3758309 and CSF2 silencing. Besides pro-proliferative and pro-migrator/pro-invasive attributes, PAK1 strongly enhanced angiogenesis in vitro, which, not phenocopied by PAK2-4, was identified as CSF2-mediated using antibody arrays. PAK1 underwent phosphorylation at tyrosines153,201,285 and threonine423 to facilitate nuclear entry, whereby nuclear PAK1 bound STAT5B to co-transactivate the CSF2 promoter, increasing CSF2 secretion needed for angiogenesis. Angiogenesis driven by PAK1-upregulated CSF2 was negated by CSF2 silencing, anti-CSF2, and PF3758309. Clinically, overexpressed whole-cell phospho-PAKT423, related to PAK1 amplification, was associated with increased grades, stages, and PAK1 mRNA, higher MVD, and CSF2 overexpression. Overexpressed whole-cell phospho-PAKT423 and CSF2 independently portended shorter metastasis-free survival and disease-specific survival, respectively. In vivo, both CSF2 silencing and PF3758309 suppressed PAK1-driven tumor proliferation and angiogenesis. Conclusively, the nuclear entry of overexpressed/activated PAK1 endows myxofibrosarcomas with pro-angiogenic function, highlighting the vulnerable PAK1/STAT5B/CSF2 regulatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Yu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liang PI, Lai HY, Chan TC, Li WM, Hsing CH, Huang SK, Hsieh KL, Tseng WH, Chen TJ, Li WS, Chen HD, Kuo YH, Li CF. Upregulation of dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3) protein predicts poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:599. [PMID: 37380971 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 (DPYSL3) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein expressed in the nervous system and is crucial for neurogenesis. A previous study showed that increased DPYSL3 expression promotes tumour aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, and colon cancer. However, the role of DPYSL3 in affecting the biological behaviour of urothelial carcinoma (UC) is not yet understood. METHODS A UC transcriptomic dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus and the Urothelial Bladder Cancer (BLCA) dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used for the in silico study. We collected 340 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and 295 urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) samples for the immunohistochemical study. Fresh tumour tissue from 50 patients was used to examine the DPYSL3 mRNA level. In addition, urothelial cell lines with and without DPYSL3 knockdown were used for the functional study. RESULTS The in silico study revealed that DPYSL3 correlated with advanced tumour stage and metastasis development while functioning primarily in the nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process (GO:0006139). DPYSL3 mRNA expression is significantly upregulated in advanced UC. Furthermore, overexpression of the DPYSL3 protein is significantly associated with the aggressive behaviour of UTUC and UBUC. DPYSL3 expression independently predicts disease-specific survival (DSS) and metastatic-free survival (MFS) in patients with UC. In non-muscle-invasive UBUC, DPYSL3 expression predicts local recurrence-free survival. UC cell lines with DPYSL3 knockdown exhibited decreased proliferation, migration, invasion, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube formation but increased apoptosis and G1 arrest. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the enriched processes related to DPYSL3 overexpression in UC were tissue morphogenesis, cell mesenchyme migration, smooth muscle regulation, metabolic processes, and RNA processing. In vivo study revealed DPYSL3 knockdown in UC tumours significantly suppressed the growth of tumours and decreased MYC and GLUT1 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS DPYSL3 promotes the aggressiveness of UC cells by changing their biological behaviours and is likely associated with cytoskeletal and metabolic process modifications. Furthermore, DPYSL3 protein overexpression in UC was associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and independently predicted poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, DPYSL3 can be used as a novel therapeutic target for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704016, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, 90054, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
| | - Steven K Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711301, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 71703, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 71703, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Da Chen
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan.
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710402, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704016, Taiwan.
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Ong KH, Lai HY, Sun DP, Chen TJ, Huang SKH, Tian YF, Chou CL, Shiue YL, Chan TC, Li CF, Kuo YH. Prognostic Significance of DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha (TOP2A) in Cholangiocarcinoma. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:75. [PMID: 37114547 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2804075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor with an increasing incidence worldwide. Although radiation therapy has improved the therapeutic efficiency of CCA treatment, differential expression of genes among cholangiocarcinoma subtypes has been revealed through precise sequencing. However, no specific molecular therapeutic targets or biomarkers have been figured out for use in precision medicine, and the exact mechanism by which antitumorigenic effects occur is still unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further studies on the development and mechanisms associated with CCA. METHODS We examined the clinical data and pathological features of patients with cholangiocarcinomas. We investigated the associations between DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha (TOP2A) expression and patient outcomes, such as metastasis-free survival (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), as well as clinical characteristics and pathological results. RESULTS TOP2A expression was shown to be upregulated in CCA tissue sections by immunohistochemistry staining and data mining. Moreover, we observed that the TOP2A expression correlated with clinical features, such as the primary tumor stage, histological variants, and patients with hepatitis. Furthermore, high expression of TOP2A was associated with worse survival outcomes in terms of the overall survival (p < 0.0001), disease-specific survival (p < 0.0001), and metastasis-free survival (p < 0.0001) compared with patients in the low TOP2A expression group. This indicates that a high level of TOP2A expression is related to an unfavorable prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that TOP2A is highly expressed in CCA tissues, and its upregulation is correlated with the primary disease stage and poor prognosis significantly. Consequently, TOP2A is a prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaa Hoo Ong
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 717 Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, 404333 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology & General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 717 Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, 711 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 717 Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 704 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 704 Tainan, Taiwan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, 710 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 71004 Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, 71710 Tainan, Taiwan
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8
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Chan TC, Pan CT, Hsieh HY, Vejvisithsakul PP, Wei RJ, Yeh BW, Wu WJ, Chen LR, Shiao MS, Li CF, Shiue YL. The autocrine glycosylated-GREM1 interacts with TGFB1 to suppress TGFβ/BMP/SMAD-mediated EMT partially by inhibiting MYL9 transactivation in urinary carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023:10.1007/s13402-023-00788-8. [PMID: 36920729 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00788-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common disease in developed counties. This study aimed to identify autocrine roles and signaling pathways of gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist (GREM1), which inhibits tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in UC. METHODS Systematic in vitro and in vivo studies using genetic engineering, different urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC)-derived cell lines, and mouse models were performed, respectively. Further, primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and UBUC specimens were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS GREM1 protein levels conferred better disease-specific and metastasis-free survival rates and played an independent prognostic factor in UTUC and UBUC. Hypermethylation is the primary cause of low GREM1 levels. In different UBUC-derived cell lines, the autocrine/secreted and glycosylated GREM1 interacted with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and inhibited TGFβ/BMP/SMAD signaling and myosin light chain 9 (MYL9) transactivation, subsequently cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Secreted and glycosylated GREM1 also suppressed tumor growth, metastasis, and MYL9 levels in the mouse model. Instead, cytosolic GREM1 promoted cell proliferation and EMT by activating the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/AKT/nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) axis. CONCLUSIONS Clinical associations, animal models, and in vitro indications provided solid evidence to show that the epithelial autocrine GREM1 is a novel tumor suppressor in UCs. The glycosylated-GREM1 hampered cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vitro angiogenesis through interaction with TGFB1 to inactivate TGFβ/BMP/SMAD-mediated EMT in an autocrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Hsieh
- Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ren-Jie Wei
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ren Chen
- Division of Physiology, Livestock Research Institute, Tainan, 71246, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shin Shiao
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
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He HL, Lai HY, Chan TC, Hsing CH, Huang SK, Hsieh KL, Chen TJ, Li WS, Kuo YH, Shiue YL, Li CF. Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicts unfavorable outcome in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tract and urinary bladder. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:62. [PMID: 36841776 PMCID: PMC9960215 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advance in genome-wide analyses, genetic alternations have been found to play an important role in carcinogenesis and aggressiveness of UC. Through bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiles of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) from publicly available GEO dataset (GSE31684), Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 4 (ZSCAN4) was identified as a significant downregulated gene in muscle-invasive bladder cancer when compared with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. METHODS The expression of ZSCAN4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 340 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) and 295 UBUCs. The expression profiles of ZSCAN4 and potential signaling pathways were analyzed bioinformatically. RESULTS In UTUC, low expression of ZSCAN4 was significantly associated with advanced primary pT stage (P = 0.011), increased nodal metastasis (P = 0.002) and increased vascular invasion (P = 0.019). In UBUC, low expression of ZSCAN4 was significantly correlated with advanced primary pT stage (P < 0.001), increased nodal metastasis (P = 0.001), high histological grade (P = 0.003) and increased vascular invasion (P = 0.003). In survival analysis, low expression of ZSCAN4 acted as an independent negative prognostic factor for disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival both in UTUC and UBUC. Gene ontology analysis showed that ZSCAN4 mRNA and its co-downregulated genes are associated with the mitotic cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS Low expression of ZSCAN4 predicted worse outcome in urothelial carcinoma and might have potential regulatory role in cell mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lin He
- grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806Department of Pathology, E-DA Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Steven K. Huang
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.411315.30000 0004 0634 2255Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Hsieh
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.411636.70000 0004 0634 2167Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- grid.411636.70000 0004 0634 2167Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- grid.413876.f0000 0004 0572 9255Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ,College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chan TC, Shiue YL, Li CF. The biological impacts of CEBPD on urothelial carcinoma development and progression. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1123776. [PMID: 36776299 PMCID: PMC9914172 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1123776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), which includes urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Accordingly, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism governing UC development is compulsory. Aberrant CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD), a transcription factor, displays an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on tumor type and microenvironments. However, CEBPD has been reported to possess a clear oncogenic function in UC through multiple regulation pathways. Genomic amplification of CEBPD triggered by MYC-driven genome instability is frequently examined in UC that drives CEBPD overexpression. Upregulated CEBPD transcriptionally suppresses FBXW7 to stabilize MYC protein and further induces hexokinase II (HK2)-related aerobic glycolysis that fuels cell growth. Apart from the MYC-dependent pathway, CEBPD also downregulates the level of hsa-miR-429 to enhance HK2-associated glycolysis and induce angiogenesis driven by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Additionally, aggressive UC is attributed to the tumor metastasis regulated by CEBPD-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) overexpression. Furthermore, elevated CEBPD induced by cisplatin (CDDP) is identified to have dual functions, namely, CDDP-induced chemotherapy resistance or drive CDDP-induced antitumorigenesis. Given that the role of CEBPD in UC is getting clear but pending a more systemic reappraisal, this review aimed to comprehensively discuss the underlying mechanism of CEBPD in UC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,National Health Research Institutes, National Institute of Cancer Research, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Yow-Ling Shiue, ; Chien-Feng Li,
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,National Health Research Institutes, National Institute of Cancer Research, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Clinical Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Yow-Ling Shiue, ; Chien-Feng Li,
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Li WM, Ke HL, Kuo YH, Lai HY, Chan TC, Hsing CH, Hsieh KL, Li WS, Chen TJ, Wei YC, Wu WJ, Huang SK, Li CF. High MT2A Expression Predicts Worse Prognosis in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma. Oncology 2022; 100:485-497. [PMID: 35817020 DOI: 10.1159/000525743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of metal ion homeostasis is associated with urothelial carcinogenesis. From a published urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) transcriptome, we identified metallothionein 2A (MT2A) as the most significantly upregulated gene implicated in cancer progression among metal ion binding-related genes. Therefore, we analyzed the association between MT2A expression and clinical significance in our well-characterized cohort of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and UBUC. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics of 295 and 340 patients with UBUC and UTUC, respectively. MT2A expression was assessed using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. We further correlated MT2A expression with clinicopathological factors, disease specific survival (DSS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) using the Pearson's chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS High MT2A expression was significantly associated with aggressive pathological features including high tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, high tumor grade, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, high MT2A expression was significantly correlated with poor DSS (P < 0.0001) and MFS (P < 0.0001); in the multivariate analysis, it was an independent predictor of CSS (P < 0.001) and MFS (P = 0.001). Gene co-expression analysis demonstrated that MT2A overexpression promotes UC progression through complement activation. CONCLUSION High MT2A expression correlated with aggressive UC features and was an independent predictor of cancer metastasis and patient survival, suggesting its role in risk stratification and decision-making in patients with UTUC and UBUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan,
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Hsieh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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12
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Kuo YH, Lai HY, Chan TC, Hsing CH, Huang SK, Hsieh KL, Chen TJ, Li WS, Lu JC, Li CF. Upregulation of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Predicts Poor Prognosis in Urothelial Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:727-740. [PMID: 35795328 PMCID: PMC9252317 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s370028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is known as a large pentameric glycoprotein, which interacts with various extracellular matrix proteins in tissues. COMP has been reported to play a role in multiple connective tissue disorders. Recently, elevated COMP levels have been found to be associated with increased tumor size, metastases, faster recurrence of cancer, and overall poorer survival in several cancers. However, the clinical importance of COMP in urothelial carcinoma remains unclear. We investigated the association between COMP expression and clinical outcomes in urothelial carcinoma. Patients and Methods In this retrospective study, we collected urothelial carcinoma (UC) tissue from 340 upper urinary tract UC (UTUC) patients and 295 urinary bladder UC (UBUC) patients. Pearson’s chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the relationship between COMP expression and patient characteristics, pathological findings, and patient survival, such as metastasis-free survival (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results A total of 295 UBUC patients and 340 UTUC patients were recruited. The COMP mRNA level was significantly higher among invasive tumors (pT2–pT4) than in noninvasive tumors (pTa-T1) in UBUC groups (P < 0.01). COMP overexpression was associated with advanced T stage, nodal metastases, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, high histological grade, and high mitotic rate in both UBUC and UTUC cohorts. COMP overexpression was predictive of shorter DSS (hazard ratio [HR] in UBUC, 3.986, P < 0.001; in UTUC, 2.283, P = 0.027] and MFS (HR in UBUC, 6.813, P < 0.001; in UTUC, 4.070, P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated high COMP expression associated with poor DSS and MFS in UTUC and UBUC groups (all P < 0.0001). Conclusion COMP overexpression was linked to poor clinical prognosis and poor pathological features in UC. These results suggest COMP as a biomarker for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.,College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Hsieh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Cheng Lu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, 736, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
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13
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Chan TC, Yu VMW, Luk JKH, Chu LW, Yuen JKY, Chan FHW. Effectiveness of Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum in Reducing Constipation in Long Term Care Facility Residents: A Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:247-251. [PMID: 35297467 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) in improving constipation and reducing the use of laxatives among long term care facility (LTCF) residents. DESIGN A single-center, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded parallel-group trial from September 2021 to November 2021. SETTING Four LTCF in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-two LTCF residents with chronic constipation (mean age: 83.9±7.6 years, male 38%). INTERVENTION 5g PHGG mixed with 200ml water per day for 4 weeks was given to intervention group participants. Control group received 200ml water for 4 weeks. Participants continued their usual as-needed laxative (lactulose, senna or dulcolax) on their own initiative. MEASUREMENTS Baseline measurements included age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index, Roackwood's Clinical Frailty Scale, body mass index and daily dietary fiber intake. Outcome measures were fecal characteristics assessed by Bristol Stool Form Scale, bowel opening frequency and laxative use frequency at baseline, first, second, third and fourth week of trial. Adverse events were measured. The study was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov; identifier: NCT05037565. RESULTS There was no significant difference in bowel frequency and stool characteristics between the treatment group and control group. However, there was a significantly lower frequency of lactulose, senna, and total laxative use in the treatment group compared with controls in the third and fourth week. There was no significant difference in adverse effects between the two groups. CONCLUSION This study showed that daily dietary fibre supplementation by using PHGG for 4 weeks in LTCF residents results in significantly less laxative use than placebo. It may be an effective way to reduce laxative dependence among older people living in LTCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Chan
- Tuen-Ching Chan, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, , Tel: 28556133, Fax: 28196182
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Chan TC, Chen YT, Tan KT, Wu CL, Wu WJ, Li WM, Wang JM, Shiue YL, Li CF. Biological significance of MYC and CEBPD coamplification in urothelial carcinoma: Multilayered genomic, transcriptional and posttranscriptional positive feedback loops enhance oncogenic glycolysis. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e674. [PMID: 34954904 PMCID: PMC8710299 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose The aim of this study is to decipher the underlying mechanisms of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein delta (CEBPD)‐enhanced glycolysis as well as the biological significance of CEBPD and MYC coamplification in urothelial carcinoma (UC). Methods In vitro analyses were conducted to examine the effects of altered CEBPD or MYC expression on UC cells. The in vivo effects of CEBPD overexpression in a high‐glucose environment on tumour growth were investigated in xenografted induced diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency/beige mice. Data mining was used to cross‐validate the associations between CEBPD and MYC copy number and transcriptional expression, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, chromogenic in situ hybridization, and in situ hybridization targeting microRNA were performed on 635 UC patient samples and xenograft samples. UC patient survival in relation to diabetes was validated by using the National Health Insurance Research Database. Results CEBPD and MYC coamplification (29.6%) occurred at a high frequency, MYC expression promoted chromosomal instability, facilitating CEBPD copy number gain and expression. CEBPD promoted glucose uptake and lactate production by upregulating SLC2A1 and HK2, leading to mitochondrial fission, increased extracellular acidification rate and decreased oxygen consumption rate to fuel cell growth. CEBPD upregulated HK2 expression through multiple regulation pathways including MYC stabilization, suppression of FBXW7 transactivation and MYC‐independent transcriptional suppression of hsa‐miR‐429. Clinical and xenografted experiments confirmed the growth advantage of CEBPD in relation to glucose metabolic dysregulation and the significant correlations between the expression of these genes. Conclusions We confirmed that CEBPD has an oncogenic role in UC by activating AKT signalling and initiating metabolic reprogramming from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis to satisfy glucose addiction. These novel CEBPD‐ and MYC‐centric multilayered positive feedback loops enhance cancer growth that could complement theranostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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15
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Li CF, Chan TC, Pan CT, Vejvisithsakul PP, Lai JC, Chen SY, Hsu YW, Shiao MS, Shiue YL. EMP2 induces cytostasis and apoptosis via the TGFβ/SMAD/SP1 axis and recruitment of P2RX7 in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1133-1150. [PMID: 34339014 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) is a common malignant disease, and its high recurrence rates impose a heavy clinical burden. The objective of this study was to identify signaling pathways downstream of epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2), which induces cytostasis and apoptosis in UBUC. METHODS A series of in vitro and in vivo assays using different UBUC-derived cell lines and mouse xenograft models were performed, respectively. In addition, primary UBUC specimens were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Exogenous expression of EMP2 in J82 UBUC cells significantly decreased DNA replication and altered the expression levels of several TGFβ signaling-related proteins. EMP2 knockdown in BFTC905 UBUC cells resulted in opposite effects. EMP2-dysregulated cell cycle progression was found to be mediated by the TGFβ/TGFBR1/SP1 family member SMAD. EMP2 or purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2RX7) gene expression upregulation induced apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. In 242 UBUC patient samples, P2RX7 protein levels were found to be significantly and positively correlated with EMP2 protein levels. Low P2RX7 levels conferred poor disease-specific and metastasis-free survival rates, and significantly decreased apoptotic cell rates. EMP2 was found to physically interact with P2RX7. In the presence of a P2RX7 agonist, BzATP, overexpression of both EMP2 and P2RX7 significantly increased apoptotic cell rates compared to overexpression of EMP2 or P2RX7 alone. CONCLUSIONS EMP2 induces cytostasis via the TGFβ/SMAD/SP1 axis and recruits P2RX7 to enhance apoptosis in UBUC. Our data provide new insights that may be employed for the design of UBUC targeting therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Smad Proteins/genetics
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Cancer Research Institute, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Cancer Research Institute, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd, 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Section for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jia-Chen Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd, 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd, 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd, 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shin Shiao
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd, 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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16
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Kuo YH, Chan TC, Lai HY, Chen TJ, Wu LC, Hsing CH, Li CF. Overexpression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase-3 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Urothelial Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:749142. [PMID: 34589439 PMCID: PMC8473833 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.749142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) link glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid cycle by decarboxylating pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A irreversibly. Cancer cells are characterized by a shift in cellular metabolism from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis. PDC activity inhibition mediated by phosphorylation via pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) has been linked to cancer. However, the clinical significance of PDKs in urothelial cancer prognosis is not clear. We investigated the role and prognostic value of PDK3 expression in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC). Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data and pathological features. Formalin-fixed urothelial carcinoma (UC) tissues were collected and embedded in paraffin. The correlation of PDK3 expression with clinical characteristics, pathological findings and patient outcomes, including metastasis-free survival (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analyzed by Pearson’s chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Results Data from 295 patients with UBUC and 340 patients with UTUC were evaluated. High PDK3 expression significantly correlated with several pathologic variables such as high T stage, lymph node metastases, high tumor grade, vascular invasion, and high mitotic rate (all P < 0.001). High PDK3 expression was associated with poor disease-specific survival (DSS) (P < 0.0001) and metastatic free survival (MFS) (P < 0.0001) in a Kaplan–Meier analysis. Additionally, multivariate analysis demonstrated increased PDK3 expression is a significant predictive risk factor for DSS [hazard ratio (HR) in UBUC, 2.79, P = 0.009; in UTUC, 2.561, P = 0.03] and MFS (HR in UBUC, 1.907, P = 0.024; in UTUC, 1.793, P = 0.044). The gene co-expression analysis showed abundant PDK3 co-upregulated genes were involved in the processes of DNA replication and repair through the Gene Ontology classification system. Conclusion High PDK3 expression has been linked to negative pathologic characteristics and poor oncological outcomes, suggesting that it could be used as a predictive biomarker for UC. PDK3 mRNA levels and its co-upregulated genes were strongly associated with DNA replication and repair. These results suggest that PDK3 may play a key role in tumor proliferation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Wu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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17
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Lai CC, Chen TJ, Chan TC, Li WS, He HL. Prognostic significance of OXR1 in urothelial carcinoma: low OXR1 expression is associated with worse survival. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4145-4156. [PMID: 34467778 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bioinformatic analysis has revealed that OXR1 is significantly downregulated in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients & methods: The expression of OXR1 in patients with urothelial carcinoma was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, including 340 cases with urothelial carcinoma in the upper urinary tract and 295 in the urinary bladder. Results: Low expression of OXR1 was significantly correlated with adverse pathological parameters including high primary tumor (pT) stage, high node stage, high histological grade, high mitotic activity and increased vascular or perineural invasion (all p < 0.05). Low expression of OXR1 independently predicted worse metastasis-free survival (p = 0.033) in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.022) and metastasis-free survival (p < 0.001) in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Conclusion: Low expression of OXR1 is an adverse prognostic factor in urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704016, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital & E-DA Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
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18
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Chang SL, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Yang CC, Tsai HH, Yeh CF, Lee SW, Lai HY. High SPIN4 Expression Is Linked to Advanced Nodal Status and Inferior Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090912. [PMID: 34575061 PMCID: PMC8470428 DOI: 10.3390/life11090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes, is a malignancy derived from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Despite its sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy, NPC has a high propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Although lymph node levels have been indicated as an independent prognostic factor for NPC, there has been no precise prognostic biomarker to predict clinical outcomes for NPC before advanced disease. In the present study, we surveyed differentially expressed genes in NPC via the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based Oncomine database and identified the spindlin family member 4 (SPIN4) gene as the most relevant to advanced nodal status. We collected 124 tumor samples from NPC patients receiving biopsy, and the expression level of SPIN4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that tumors with high SPIN4 expression were significantly correlated with advanced nodal status (p < 0.001) and advanced AJCC stages (p < 0.001). High SPIN4 expression in tumor samples was an unfavorable prognostic factor for all three endpoints at the univariate level: disease-specific survival (DSS), distal metastasis-free survival (DMeFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (all p < 0.05). High SPIN4 expression remained independently prognostic of worse DMeFS (p = 0.049) at the multivariate level. Using bioinformatics analysis, we further found that high SPIN4 level may link tight junctions to cancer cell survival. Collectively, these results imply that high SPIN4 expression is linked to an aggressive clinical course, including advanced nodal status and poor survival in NPC patients, emphasizing the promising prognostic utility of SPIN4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying 736, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
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19
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Chen TJ, Dehghanian SZ, Chan TC, He HL, Li WS, Abdollahi S, Chen NY, Li CF, Shiue YL. High G protein subunit beta 4 protein level is correlated to poor prognosis of urothelial carcinoma. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 54:356-367. [PMID: 34398348 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Data mining on a public domain detected eight potential transcripts which were upregulated in advanced UBUCs, suggesting that they may take part in UC development or/and progression. Retrospectively, immunohistochemistry along with H-score recording was carried out to evaluate the GNB4 protein levels on tissues from UC patients. Correlations between GNB4 H-score and imperative clinicopathological factors, as well as the implication of GNB4 protein level on disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals were assessed. In UTUCs (n = 340) and UBUCs (n = 295), 170 (50.0%) and 148 (50.0%) cases, respectively, were identified to be of high GNB4 expression. The GNB4 protein levels were correlated to numerous clinicopathological features and patients' survivals. Upregulation of the GNB4 protein was significantly associated with primary tumor, nodal metastasis, histological grade, vascular invasion and mitotic rate. High GNB4 protein levels independently and significantly predicted poor disease-specific and metastasis-free in UTUC and UBUC, respectively. Ingenuity pathway analysis furthermore showed that multiple signaling pathways were enriched including 'Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells' and 'NFκB Signaling'. Our findings demonstrated that the upregulation of the GNB4 protein is an independent unfavorable prognosticator in UC. High GNB4 gene expression plays an important role in UC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Dehghanian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhanghua Rd, 71004, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sina Abdollahi
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yu Chen
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Zhanghua Rd, 71004, Tainan, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lienhai Rd., 80424, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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20
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Chen TJ, Chan TC, Li CF, Dilshan Sampath Dissanayaka D, Kianpour M, He HL, Huang SK, Li WS, Chen NY, Shiue YL. High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing two protein levels contribute to poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma. Int J Urol 2021; 28:1178-1187. [PMID: 34374132 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the expression levels of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 and its clinical implications in urothelial carcinoma patients. METHODS Data mining, immunohistochemistry together with H-score calculation was carried out to evaluate the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels on tissue specimens from urothelial carcinoma patients, retrospectively. Correlations between glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 H-score and imperative clinicopathological factors were measured. The indication of glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 level on disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals were next analyzed. RESULTS In upper tract urothelial carcinomas (n = 340) and bladder urothelial carcinomas (n = 295), 170 (50%) and 148 (50%) patients, respectively, were identified to have high glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 expression. The glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels were correlated to several clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival. Upregulation of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 was correlated to primary tumor (P < 0.001), nodal metastasis (P < 0.001), histological grade (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P < 0.05) and mitotic rate (P < 0.001). High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels independently predicted poor disease-specific survival (P = 0.049) and metastasis-free survival (P = 0.008) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis additionally showed that multiple biological processes were enriched including "ECM organization" (Gene Ontology:0030198), "extracellular structure organization" (Gene Ontology:0043062), "biological adhesion" (Gene Ontology:0022610), "cell adhesion" (Gene Ontology:0007155), "collagen fibril organization" (Gene Ontology:0030199) and "vasculature development" (Gene Ontology:0001944). CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that upregulation of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 is an independent and disadvantageous prognosticator in urothelial carcinoma. High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 level might play a crucial role in progression of urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Maryam Kianpour
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yu Chen
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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21
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Chou CL, Chen TJ, Tian YF, Chan TC, Yeh CF, Li WS, Tsai HH, Li CF, Lai HY. Upregulated MUC2 Is an Unfavorable Prognostic Indicator for Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Preoperative CCRT. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143030. [PMID: 34300195 PMCID: PMC8304358 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For locally advanced rectal cancer patients, introducing neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) before radical resection allows tumor downstaging and increases the rate of anus retention. Since accurate staging before surgery and sensitivity prediction to CCRT remain challenging, a more precise genetic biomarker is urgently needed to enhance the management of such situations. The epithelial mucous barrier can protect the gut lumen, but aberrant mucin synthesis may defend against drug penetration. In this study, we focused on genes related to maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium (GO: 0030277) and identified mucin 2 (MUC2) as the most significantly upregulated gene correlated with CCRT resistance through a public rectal cancer transcriptome dataset (GSE35452). We retrieved 172 records of rectal cancer patients undergoing CCRT accompanied by radical resection from our biobank. We also assessed the expression level of MUC2 using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that upregulated MUC2 immunoexpression was considerably correlated with the pre-CCRT and post-CCRT positive nodal status (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001), advanced pre-CCRT and post-CCRT tumor status (p = 0.022 and p < 0.001), vascular invasion (p = 0.015), and no or little response to CCRT (p = 0.006). Upregulated MUC2 immunoexpression was adversely prognostic for all three endpoints, disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) (all p < 0.0001), at the univariate level. Moreover, upregulated MUC2 immunoexpression was an independent prognostic factor for worse DSS (p < 0.001), LRFS (p = 0.008), and MeFS (p = 0.003) at the multivariate level. Collectively, these results imply that upregulated MUC2 expression is characterized by a more advanced clinical course and treatment resistance in rectal cancer patients undergoing CCRT, revealing the potential prognostic utility of MUC2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lin Chou
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (Y.-F.T.)
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (C.-L.C.); (Y.-F.T.)
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan;
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-F.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-F.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
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Chen TJ, Tian YF, Chou CL, Chan TC, He HL, Li WS, Tsai HH, Li CF, Lai HY. High SPINK4 Expression Predicts Poor Outcomes among Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving CCRT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:2373-2384. [PMID: 34202399 PMCID: PMC8293060 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Patients with rectal cancer can prospectively be favored for neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to downstage before a radical proctectomy, but the risk stratification and clinical outcomes remain disappointing. Methods: From a published rectal cancer transcriptome dataset (GSE35452), we highlighted extracellular matrix (ECM)-linked genes and identified the serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 4 (SPINK4) gene as the most relevant among the top 10 differentially expressed genes associated with CCRT resistance. We accumulated the cases of 172 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant CCRT followed by surgery and collected tumor specimens for the evaluation of the expression of SPINK4 using immunohistochemistry. Results: The results revealed that high SPINK4 immunoexpression was significantly related to advanced pre-CCRT and post-CCRT tumor status (both p < 0.001), post-CCRT lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001), more vascular and perineurial invasion (p = 0.015 and p = 0.023), and a lower degree of tumor regression (p = 0.001). In univariate analyses, high SPINK4 immunoexpression was remarkably correlated with worse disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.0001), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (p = 0.0017), and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, in multivariate analyses, high SPINK4 immunoexpression remained independently prognostic of inferior DSS and MeFS (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002). Conclusion: These results imply that high SPINK4 expression is associated with advanced clinicopathological features and a poor therapeutic response among rectal cancer patients undergoing CCRT, thus validating the prospective prognostic value of SPINK4 for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (Y.-F.T.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (Y.-F.T.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-F.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (H.-L.H.); (W.-S.L.); (H.-H.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-F.L.); (H.-Y.L.)
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Luk JKH, Chan TC, Chan FHW. Letter to the Editor: Careful hand feeding program in a geriatric step-down hospital in Hong Kong - is this feasible? J Frailty Aging 2021; 10:303-304. [PMID: 34105718 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2020.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J K H Luk
- T.C. Chan, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, , Tel: 28556133, Fax: 28196182
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Chen TJ, Chou CL, Tian YF, Yeh CF, Chan TC, He HL, Li WS, Tsai HH, Li CF, Lai HY. High FRMD3 expression is prognostic for worse survival in rectal cancer patients treated with CCRT. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 26:1689-1697. [PMID: 34043102 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-01944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer patients can conceivably obtain relief from neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for downstaging before resection, but the stratification of risk and clinical outcomes remains challenging. Therefore, identifying effective predictive biomarkers offers clinicians the opportunity to individually tailor early interventions, which would help optimize therapy. METHODS Using a public rectal cancer transcriptome dataset (GSE35452), we focused on cytoskeletal protein binding (GO: 0008092)-related genes and identified FERM domain containing 3 (FRMD3) as the most significant differentially expressed gene associated with CCRT resistance. We gathered 172 tumor samples from rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant CCRT accompanied by curative resection and estimated the expression level of FRMD3 using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results revealed that high FRMD3 immunoexpression was remarkably associated with advanced pre-CCRT and post-CCRT tumor status (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001), pre-CCRT and post-CCRT lymph node metastasis (both p < 0.001), more perineurial invasion (p = 0.023), and a smaller extent of tumor regression (p = 0.018). High FRMD3 immunoexpression was remarkably correlated with inferior disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = 0.0001), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (p = 0.0003), and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) (p = 0.0023) at the univariate level. Furthermore, in multivariate analysis, high FRMD3 immunoexpression remained independently predictive of inferior DSS (p = 0.002), LRFS (p = 0.005), and MeFS (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION These results suggest that high FRMD3 expression is related to advanced clinicopathological features and inferior therapeutic responses in rectal cancer patients treated with CCRT, validating the promising prognostic value of FRMD3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, 901 Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City, 710, Taiwan.
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25
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Li CF, Liang PI, Chan TC, Shiue YL. Molecular biology of urothelial carcinoma. J Cancer Res Pract 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrp.jcrp_1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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26
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Li WM, Chan TC, Huang SKH, Wu WJ, Ke HL, Liang PI, Wei YC, Shiue YL, Li CF. Prognostic Utility of FBLN2 Expression in Patients With Urothelial Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:570340. [PMID: 33194662 PMCID: PMC7659889 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Abnormal extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling plays an essential role in urothelial carcinoma (UC) invasiveness and metastasis. Focusing on the ECM structural constituent (GO: 0005201), we recognized a significant upregulation of the fibulin 2 gene (FBLN2) during UC progression in a published UC transcriptome (GSE31684). Thus, we aimed to investigate the roles of FBLN2 expression and its prognostic value in upper urinary tract UC (UTUC) and urinary bladder UC (UBUC) in our large, well-characterized cohort. Patients and Methods: Clinicopathological data and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded UC tissues were analyzed retrospectively. We determined FBLN2 expression using immunohistochemical staining assessed by H-scores. FBLN2 expression correlated with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes, including metastasis-free survival (MFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier estimates of DSS and MFS, and the Cox proportional hazards model. We used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to clarify the functional significance of dysregulated FBLN2 in UC. Results: Data from 295 UBUC and 340 UTUC patients were available for the final evaluation. Pearson's chi-square test showed that high FBLN2 immunoexpression significantly correlated with adverse pathologic variables, such as advanced pathologic tumor stage, high histological grade, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and increased mitotic rate (all p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated associations of high FBLN2 expression with worse DSS (p < 0.001) and MFS (p < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified high FBLN2 expression as an independent predictive risk factor for DSS [hazard ratio (HR) in UBUC, 2.306, p = 0.014; in UTUC, 2.561, p = 0.012] and MFS (HR in UBUC, 2.493, p = 0.001; in UTUC, 2.837, p = 0.001). IPA demonstrated that multiple signaling pathways were enriched, including the oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. Conclusion: High FBLN2 expression was associated with adverse pathologic features and worse oncological outcomes and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Cancer Research Institute, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chan TC, Wu WJ, Li WM, Shiao MS, Shiue YL, Li CF. SLC14A1 prevents oncometabolite accumulation and recruits HDAC1 to transrepress oncometabolite genes in urothelial carcinoma. Theranostics 2020; 10:11775-11793. [PMID: 33052246 PMCID: PMC7546005 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), including upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC), is a common malignant disease in developed countries. Oncogenic metabolic lesions have been associated with UC development. Methods: Using data mining, a series of studies were performed to study the involvement of SLC14A1 in UC specimens, animal models and UC-derived cell lines. Results: In two cohorts of UTUC (n = 340) and UBUC (n = 295), the SLC14A1 protein level was an independent prognostic factor. Epigenetic silencing contributed to SLC14A1 downregulation in UCs. Total and membranous SLC14A1 played tumor suppressive roles through the inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis in distinct UC-derived cells and animal models. Functional SLC14A1 prevented the accumulation of arginine and urea, enhanced mitochondrial fusion and aerobic respiration, inhibited glycolysis by altering the expression levels of several related proteins and sensitized arginine-deprivation treatment in ASS1-deficient UC-derived cells. In vitro and in vivo, SLC14A1 inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway and subsequently tumorigenesis, supported by reduced arginine concentrations in vitro. Nuclear SLC14A1 transrepressed HK2 and DEGS1 genes via recruitment of HDAC1 and/or SIN3A to maintain metabolic homeostasis and thereafter impeded tumorigenesis. Conclusion: Clinical associations, animal models and in vitro indications provide solid evidence that the SLC14A1 gene is a novel tumor suppressor in UCs. Total and membranous SLC14A1 prevents urea and arginine accumulation via the mTOR signaling pathway. Nuclear SLC14A1 recruits HDAC1 to transrepress oncometabolite genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shin Shiao
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang SL, Lee SW, Yang SF, Chien CC, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Yang CC, Li CF, Wei YC. Expression and prognostic utility of SSX2IP in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. APMIS 2020; 128:287-297. [PMID: 31837171 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion affects carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. We datamined a published transcriptome (GSE12452) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and identified SSX2IP as a significantly upregulated gene in NPC carcinogenesis among genes associated with cell adhesion (GO:0007155). Consequently, we assessed SSX2IP protein expression and its prognostic significance in 124 patients with NPC using immunohistochemistry and the H-score method. The status of SSX2IP immunoexpression correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics, as well as oncological outcomes. High levels of SSX2IP expression were significantly associated with more advanced primary tumor and TNM stages. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses revealed that high levels of SSX2IP expression, and advanced tumor stage and lymph node metastasis were significantly associated with lower rates of local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMeFS), and disease-specific (DSS) survival. Multivariate analysis showed that high levels of SSX2IP expression significantly predicted DSS (hazard ratio [HR], 4.290; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.271-8.102; p < 0.001), DMeFS (HR, 4.159' 95% CI, 2.072-8.345; p < 0.001), and LRFS (HR, 3.007' 95% CI,: 1.418-6.378; p = 0.004). We associated high levels of SSX2IP immunoexpression with aggressive pathological features and worse oncological outcomes, suggesting its potential therapeutic value for patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Chien
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wu WR, Lin JT, Pan CT, Chan TC, Liu CL, Wu WJ, Sheu JJC, Yeh BW, Huang SK, Jhung JY, Hsiao MS, Li CF, Shiue YL. Amplification-driven BCL6-suppressed cytostasis is mediated by transrepression of FOXO3 and post-translational modifications of FOXO3 in urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:707-724. [PMID: 31903146 PMCID: PMC6929993 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) is a lethal disease for which effective prognostic markers and potential therapy targets are still lacking. Previous array comparative genomic hybridization identified that 3q27 is frequently amplified in muscle-invasive UBUCs, one candidate proto-oncogene, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (BCL6), mapped to this region. We therefore aimed to explore its downstream targets and physiological roles in UBUC progression. Methods: Specimens from UBUC patients, NOD/SCID mice and several UBUC-derived cell lines were used to perform quantitative RT-PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization immunohistochemistry, xenograft, gene stable overexpression/knockdown and a series of in vitro experiments. Results: Amplification of the BCL6 gene lead to upregulation of BCL6 mRNA and protein levels in a substantial set of advanced UBUCs. High BCL6 protein level significantly predicted poor disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals. Knockdown of the BCL6 gene in J82 cells inhibited tumor growth and enhanced apoptosis in the NOD/SCID xenograft model. In vitro experiments demonstrated that BCL6 inhibited cytostasis, induced cell migration, invasion along with alteration of the expression levels of several related regulators. At molecular level, BCL6 inhibited forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) transcription, subsequent translation and upregulation of phosphorylated/inactive FOXO3 through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and/or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MAP2K1/2) signaling pathway(s). Two BCL6 binding sites on the proximal promoter region of the FOXO3 gene were confirmed. Conclusion: Overexpression of BCL6 served a poor prognostic factor in UBUC patients. In vivo and in vitro studies suggested that BCL6 functions as an oncogene through direct transrepression of the FOXO3 gene, downregulation and phosphorylation of the FOXO3 protein.
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Lin JT, Chan TC, Li CF, Huan SKH, Tian YF, Liang PI, Pan CT, Shiue YL. Downregulation of the cytochrome P450 4B1 protein confers a poor prognostic factor in patients with urothelial carcinomas of upper urinary tracts and urinary bladder. APMIS 2019; 127:170-180. [PMID: 30803053 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the expression level of cytochrome P450 4B1 (CYP4B1) protein and its clinical significance in specimens from patients with urothelial carcinomas (UC) including upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC, n = 340) and urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC, n = 295). Data mining on public domains identified five potential candidate transcripts which were downregulated in advanced UBUCs, indicating that it might implicate in UC progression. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the CYP4B1 protein levels on 635 tissues from UC patients retrospectively. Immunoexpression of CYP4B1 was further estimated using the H-score method. Correlations between CYP4B1 H-score and important clinicopathological factors, as well as the significance of CYP4B1 expression level for disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals were evaluated. In UTUCs and UBUCs, 118 (34.7%) and 92 (31.2%) patients, respectively, were identified to be of CYP4B1 downregulation. The CYP4B1 expression level was found to be associated with several clinicopathological factors and patient survivals. Downregulation of CYP4B1 protein was correlated to advanced primary tumor (p < 0.001), nodal metastasis (p < 0.001), high histological grade (p = 0.001), vascular invasion (p < 0.001), perineural invasion (p = 0.017) and mitotic rate (p = 0.036) in UTUCs and/or UBUCs. Low CYP4B1 protein level independently predicted inferior disease-specific (p = 0.009; p < 0.001) and metastasis-free (p = 0.035; p < 0.001) survivals in UTUC and UBUC patients. Our findings showed that downregulation of CYP4B1 protein level is an independent unfavorable prognosticator. Loss of the CYP4B1 gene expression may play an important role in UC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Tai Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steven K H Huan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lee HY, Yeh BW, Chan TC, Yang KF, Li WM, Huang CN, Ke HL, Li CC, Yeh HC, Liang PI, Shiue YL, Wu WJ, Li CF. Sulfatase-1 overexpression indicates poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder and upper tract. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47216-47229. [PMID: 28525382 PMCID: PMC5564558 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), arising from the urothelium of the urinary tract, can occur in the upper (UTUC) and the urinary bladder (UBUC). A representative molecular aberration for UC characteristics and prognosis remains unclear. Data mining of Gene Expression Omnibus focusing on UBUC, we identified sulfatase-1 (SULF1) upregulation is associated with UC progression. SULF1 controls the sulfation status of heparan sulfate proteoglycans and plays a role in tumor growth and metastasis, while its role is unexplored in UC. To first elucidate the clinical significance of SULF1 transcript expression, real-time quantitative RT-PCR was performed in a pilot study of 24 UTUC and 24 UBUC fresh samples. We identified that increased SULF1 transcript abundance was associated with higher primary tumor (pT) status. By testing SULF1 immunoexpression in independent UTUC and UBUC cohorts consisted of 340 and 295 cases, respectively, high SULF1 expression was significantly associated with advanced pT and nodal status, higher histological grade and presence of vascular invasion in both UTUC and UBUC. In multivariate survival analyses, high SULF1 expression was independently associated with worse DSS (UTUC hazard ratio [HR] = 3.574, P < 0.001; UBUC HR = 2.523, P = 0.011) and MeFS (UTUC HR = 3.233, P < 0.001; UBUC HR = 1.851, P = 0.021). Furthermore, depletion of SULF1 expression by using RNA interference leaded to impaired cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities in vitro. In addition, we further confirmed oncogenic role of SULF1 with gain-of function experiments. In conclusion, our findings implicate the oncogenic role of SULF1 expression in UC, suggesting SULF1 as a prognostic and therapeutic target of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kei-Fu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Cancer Research Institute, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tsai MC, Li WM, Huang CN, Ke HL, Li CC, Yeh HC, Chan TC, Liang PI, Yeh BW, Wu WJ, Lim SW, Li CF. DDR2 overexpression in urothelial carcinoma indicates an unfavorable prognosis: a large cohort study. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78918-78931. [PMID: 27793038 PMCID: PMC5346687 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration ability of urothelial carcinoma corresponding to dismal prognosis had not been fully investigated. The interaction of extracellular collagen with a unique transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), was selected by data mining. We arranged real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays to evaluate the transcript levels in 26 urinary tract urothelial carcinoma and 26 urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma specimens, showing significantly increase corresponding to advanced primary stage (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). An immunohistochemistry analysis and H-score calculation were performed to determine DDR2 expression in 340 urinary tract urothelial carcinoma and 295 urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma. Assessments of the correlation to clinicopathologic features, disease-specific survival, and metastasis-free survival were conducted. The transcript levels in advanced stage were higher than those in early stage and were correlated with poor prognosis. The higher expression was positively correlated to higher pT status (p < 0.001), higher histological grade (urinary tract, p = 0.041; urinary bladder, p < 0.001), greater vascular invasion (p < 0.001), and higher mitotic rate (urinary tract, p = 0.039; urinary bladder, p < 0.001). Higher expression also indicates significantly worse disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival. In vitro study revealed knockdown of DDR2 resulted in a depletion of cellular viability, migratory, and invasive ability, supporting the oncogenic function of DDR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sher-Wei Lim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Cancer Research Institute, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Li CF, Liu TT, Chuang IC, Chen YY, Fang FM, Chan TC, Li WS, Huang HY. PLCB4 copy gain and PLCß4 overexpression in primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Integrative characterization of a lipid-catabolizing enzyme associated with worse disease-free survival. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19997-20010. [PMID: 28212550 PMCID: PMC5386739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the implications of lipid catabolism-associated genes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, we reappraised transcriptomic and genomic datasets and identified copy-gained and differentially upregulated PLCB4 gene associated with tumor progression. On full sections, PLCB4 mRNA abundance and PLCß4 immunoexpression were validated in 70 cases. On tissue microarrays, PLCB4 gene copies and PLCß4 immunoexpression were both informative in 350 cases with KIT/PDGFRA/BRAF genotypes noted in 213. In GIST48 cell line, we stably silenced PLCB4 and YAP1 to characterize their functional effects and regulatory link. Compared with normal tissue, PLCB4 mRNA abundance significantly increased across tumors of various risk levels (p<0.001), and was strongly correlated with immunoexpression level (p<0.001, r=0.468). Including polysomy (12.6%) and amplification (17.4%), PLCB4 copy gain was detected in 105 (30%) cases and significantly more frequent (p<0.001) in cases exhibiting higher PLCß4 immunoexpression (82/175). Copy gain and protein overexpression were modestly associated with unfavorable genotypes (both p<0.05), strongly associated with increased size, mitosis, and risk levels defined by both the NIH and NCCN schemes (all p<0.001), and univariately predictive of shorter disease-free survival (both p<0.0001). In PLCß4-overexpressing cases, PLCB4 copy gain still predicted worse prognosis (p<0.0001). In a multivariate comparison, both overexpression (p=0.007, hazard ratio: 2.454) and copy gain (p=0.031, hazard ratio: 1.892) exhibited independent impact. In vitro, YAP1 increased PLCB4 mRNA and protein expression, and both molecules significantly promoted cell proliferation. Being driven by copy gain or YAP1, PLCß4 is a novel overexpressed enzyme regulating lipid catabolism that promotes cell proliferation and independently confers a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Bone and Soft Tissue Study Group, Taiwan Society of Pathology, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Bone and Soft Tissue Study Group, Taiwan Society of Pathology, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yang Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Bone and Soft Tissue Study Group, Taiwan Society of Pathology, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Bone and Soft Tissue Study Group, Taiwan Society of Pathology, Taiwan
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Li CF, Wu WR, Chan TC, Wang YH, Chen LR, Wu WJ, Yeh BW, Liang SS, Shiue YL. Transmembrane and Coiled-Coil Domain 1 Impairs the AKT Signaling Pathway in Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma: A Characterization of a Tumor Suppressor. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7650-7663. [PMID: 28972042 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) is a common malignant disease in developed countries. Cell-cycle dysregulation resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation has been associated with UBUC development. This study aimed to explore the roles of TMCO1 in UBUCs.Experimental Design: Data mining, branched DNA assay, immunohistochemistry, xenograft, cell culture, quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting, stable and transient transfection, lentivirus production and stable knockdown, cell-cycle, cell viability and proliferation, soft-agar, wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion, coimmunoprecipitation, immunocytochemistry, and AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) activity assays and site-directed mutagenesis were used to study TMCO1 involvement in vivo and in vitroResults: Data mining identified that the TMCO1 transcript was downregulated during the progression of UBUCs. In distinct UBUC-derived cell lines, changes in TMCO1 levels altered the cell-cycle distribution, cell viability, cell proliferation, and colony formation and modulated the AKT pathway. TMCO1 recruited the PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2) to dephosphorylate pAKT1(serine 473) (S473). Mutagenesis at S60 of the TMCO1 protein released TMCO1-induced cell-cycle arrest and restored the AKT pathway in BFTC905 cells. Stable TMCO1 (wild-type) overexpression suppressed, whereas T33A and S60A mutants recovered, tumor size in xenograft mice.Conclusions: Clinical associations, xenograft mice, and in vitro indications provide solid evidence that the TMCO1 gene is a novel tumor suppressor in UBUCs. TMCO1 dysregulates cell-cycle progression via suppression of the AKT pathway, and S60 of the TMCO1 protein is crucial for its tumor-suppressor roles. Clin Cancer Res; 23(24); 7650-63. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ren Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ren Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Physiology, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Doctoral degree program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang SL, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Lee SW, Lin LC, Win KT. HOXC6 Overexpression Is Associated With Ki-67 Expression and Poor Survival in NPC Patients. J Cancer 2017; 8:1647-1654. [PMID: 28775784 PMCID: PMC5535720 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Homeobox (HOX) genes are expressed in adult cells and regulate expression of genes involved in cell proliferation as well as cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Dysregulation of HOX gene expression plays important roles in carcinogenesis in a variety of organs. Through data mining on a published transcriptome dataset, this study first identified Homeobox protein Hox-C6 (HOXC6) gene as one of the differentially upregulated genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We aimed to evaluate HOXC6 expression and its prognostic effect in a large cohort of NPC patients. METHODS: We retrospectively examined the HOXC6 expression and Ki-67 index by immunohistochemistry in biopsy specimens from 124 patients with non-metastasized NPC. The results were correlated with the clinicopathological variables including disease-specific survival (DSS), metastasis-free survival (MeFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). RESULTS: HOXC6 high expression was positively correlated with increased Ki-67 labeling index, and significantly associated with increment of tumor stage (p=0.024), advanced nodal status (p<0.001) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p=0.002). Its expression also correlated with worse prognosis in terms of DSS (p=0.008), MeFS (p=0.0047) univariately. In multivariate analyses, HOXC6 expression still remained prognostically independent to portend worse DSS (p=0.015, hazard ratio=1.988) and MeFS (p=0.036, hazard ratio=1.899), together with stage III-IV (p=0.024, DSS; p=0.043, MeFS). CONCLUSION: In summary, our results suggest HOXC6 may play a critical role in NPC progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lun Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yongkang District, Tainan City, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Khin Than Win
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Li CF, Fang FM, Chen YY, Liu TT, Chan TC, Yu SC, Chen LT, Huang HY. Overexpressed Fatty Acid Synthase in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Targeting a Progression-Associated Metabolic Driver Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Imatinib. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4908-4918. [PMID: 28442505 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: In gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), lipid-metabolizing enzymes remain underexplored, including fatty acid synthase (FASN).Experimental Design: Forty GISTs were quantitated for FASN mRNA abundance. FASN immunoexpression was informative in 350 GISTs, including 213 with known KIT/PDGFRA/BRAF genotypes. In imatinib-resistant FASN-overexpressing GIST cells, the roles of overexpressed FASN and FASN-targeting C75 in tumor phenotypes, apoptosis and autophagy, KIT transcription, PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation, and imatinib resistance were analyzed by RNAi or myristoylated-AKT transfection. The therapeutic relevance of dual blockade of FASN and KIT was evaluated in vivoResults:FASN mRNA abundance significantly increased from very low/low-risk to high-risk levels of NCCN guidelines (P < 0.0001). FASN overexpression was associated with a nongastric location (P = 0.05), unfavorable genotype (P = 0.005), and increased risk level (P < 0.001) and independently predicted shorter disease-free survival (P < 0.001). In vitro, FASN knockdown inhibited cell growth and migration, inactivated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and resensitized resistant GIST cells to imatinib. C75 transcriptionally repressed the KIT promoter, downregulated KIT expression and phosphorylation, induced LC3-II and myristoylated AKT-suppressible activity of caspases 3 and 7, attenuated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/RPS6/4E-BP1 pathway activation, and exhibited dose-dependent therapeutic additivism with imatinib. Compared with both monotherapies, the C75/imatinib combination more effectively suppressed the growth of xenografts, exhibiting decreased KIT phosphorylation, Ki-67, and phosphorylated PI3K/AKT/mTOR levels and increased TUNEL labeling.Conclusions: We have characterized the prognostic, biological, and therapeutic implications of overexpressed FASN in GISTs. C75 represses KIT transactivation, abrogates PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation, and provides a rationale for dual blockade of KIT and FASN in treating imatinib-resistant GISTs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4908-18. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yang Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Yu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Wang CT, Li CF, Wu WJ, Huang CN, Li CC, Li WM, Chan TC, Liang PI, Hsing CH, Liao KM. High Expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 is Associated with a Better Prognosis in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Tract. J Cancer 2016; 7:2221-2230. [PMID: 27994658 PMCID: PMC5166531 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Object: To identify associations between 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD17B2) expression and clinicopathological variables and prognoses in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract. Materials and Methods: We analyzed one public transcriptome dataset (GSE31684) from the Gene Expression Omnibus. HSD17B2 showed the highest log2-transformed fold-change in expression, and it was therefore further analyzed. We enrolled 340 upper urinary tract and 295 urinary bladder tissue samples that were obtained from patients with urothelial carcinoma between 1996 and 2004 to evaluate the expression of HSD17B2 using immunohistochemistry. The endpoints were disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the relationships between HSD17B2, survival and clinicopathological parameters. Results: High expression of HSD17B2 was significantly associated with better clinicopathological parameters, including the following parameters in urothelial carcinoma of upper urinary tracts: Ta (non-invasive papillary carcinoma) and T1 (invaded subepithelial connective tissue) disease, without nodal metastasis, without vascular invasion, without perineal invasion and with a low histological grade, and the following parameters specifically in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder: Ta (noninvasive papillary carcinoma) and T1 (invaded into the lamina propria but not into the muscularis propria) disease, without nodal metastasis (all P<0.05). Additionally, HSD17B2 high expression predicted a better prognosis, including improved disease-specific survival and metastasis-free survival in urothelial carcinomas of the urinary tract system. Conclusions: High expression of HSD17B2 is associated with a better prognosis and is therefore a prognostic biomarker that can be used to predict favorable survival in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the urinary tract system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Tien Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan;; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan;; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan;; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ming Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Taiwan
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Lee YY, Wang CT, Huang SKH, Wu WJ, Huang CN, Li CC, Chan TC, Liang PI, Hsing CH, Li CF. Downregulation of RNF128 Predicts Progression and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Tract and Urinary Bladder. J Cancer 2016; 7:2187-2196. [PMID: 27994654 PMCID: PMC5166527 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The TP53 tumor suppressor gene plays a crucial role in the carcinogenesis of many malignancies, including urothelial carcinoma (UC). Overexpression of p53 is associated with poor prognosis in UC. Recently, RING finger protein 128 (RNF128) was shown to be involved in p53-induced apoptosis, forming a negative feedback loop. However, the significance of RNF128 in patients with UC remains unknown. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the expression of RNF128 in UC and to assess its predictive and prognostic value in a well-established cohort. Methods: Through data mining from a published transcriptome (GSE31684), RNF128 was identified as the most differentially expressed gene in UC among those associated with negative regulation of the cytokine biosynthetic process (GO:0042036). Its immunoexpression was further evaluated using the H-scores of 340 patients with upper urinary tract UC (UTUC) and 295 with urinary bladder UC (UBUC). The scores were correlated with clinicopathological features, disease-specific survival (DSS) and metastasis-free survival (MeFS). We also used Western blot analysis to evaluate RNF128 protein expression in human urothelial cell (HUC) lines. Results: Downregulation of RNF128 expression was significantly associated with advanced pT stage (p<0.001), high histological grade (UTUC, p<0.001; UBUC, p=0.035), nodal metastasis (UTUC, p<0.001; UBUC, p=0.001), vascular invasion (UTUC, p<0.001; UBUC, p=0.008) and high mitotic rate (UTUC, p=0.003; UBUC, p=0.023). Low expression of RNF128 was an adverse prognosticator for DSS (UTUC, p<0.0001; UBUC, p<0.0001) and MeFS (UTUC, p<0.0001; UBUC, p=0.0002). Moreover, low expression was predictive of poor DSS (UTUC, p=0.006; UBUC, p=0.003) and MeFS (UTUC, p=0.009; UBUC, p=0.036) in multivariate comparisons. Western blot analysis showed that the RNF128 protein was downregulated in invasive urothelial cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Our findings showed that downregulation of RNF128 was correlated with cancer invasiveness and metastasis as well as reduced survival in patients with UTUC and UBUC, identifying RNF128 as a prognostic factor in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ying Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan;; Institute of Biomedical Science National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Tien Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan;; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology
| | | | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
| | - Chun-Nung Huang
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Science National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan;; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan;; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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He HL, Lee YE, Liang PI, Lee SW, Chen TJ, Chan TC, Hsing CH, Chang IW, Shiue YL, Li CF. Overexpression of JAK2: a predictor of unfavorable prognosis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1887-96. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Analysis of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma public transcriptome revealed JAK2 was significantly upregulated in tumors, which encouraged us to investigate its prognostic significance and mutational status. Materials & methods: We assessed the immune-expression of JAK2 and its relationships with various clinicopathological parameters. JAK2 mutation was detected by PCR followed by sequencing. Results: High expression of JAK2 was significantly associated with advanced tumor staging (p = 0.019). JAK2 overexpression acted as an independent predictor for worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.005), distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.036), local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.012) and overall survival (p = 0.007). JAK2 mutation was not detected in selected cases with JAK2 protein overexpression. Conclusion: JAK2 can serve as a valuable negative prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-En Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital & Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, & Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Wei Chang
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang IW, Lin VCH, Wu WJ, Liang PI, Li WM, Yeh BW, He HL, Liao ACH, Chan TC, Li CF. Complement Component 1, s Subcomponent Overexpression is an Independent Poor Prognostic Indicator in Patients with Urothelial Carcinomas of the Upper Urinary Tract and Urinary Bladder. J Cancer 2016; 7:1396-405. [PMID: 27471555 PMCID: PMC4964123 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder and upper tract is prevalent. By subjecting a documented transcriptome data set of urothelial carcinoma of bladder (GSE31684) to data mining and focusing on genes linked to peptidase activity (GO:0008233), we recognized C1S as the most significantly upregulated gene related to an advanced tumor status and metastasis. We subsequently analyzed the association of both C1S mRNA and its encoded protein expression with the clinical and pathological significance. Materials and Methods: We used real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect C1S transcription levels in 20 cases each of urothelial carcinoma of bladder and upper tract. An immunohistochemical stain was conducted to determine C1s protein expression levels in patients with urothelial carcinoma of upper tract (n = 340) and urinary bladder (n = 295). Furthermore, we examined the correlation of C1s expression with clinicopathological characteristics, disease-specific survival, and metastasis-free survival. Results: C1S transcription levels were significantly high in patients with advanced-stage tumors of both groups (all P < .05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that C1s expression levels were significantly associated with adverse clinicopathological parameters in both groups of urothelial carcinoma (all P < .05). C1s overexpression predicted poor disease-specific and metastasis-free survival rates for both urothelial carcinoma groups in the univariate analysis, and it was also an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis (all P < .05). Conclusions: C1s may play a pivotal role in urothelial carcinoma progress and can represent a vital prognostic marker and a promising new therapeutic target in urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Wei Chang
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Victor Chia-Hsiang Lin
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu YT, Yen SL, Li CF, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Lee SW, He HL, Chang IW, Hsing CH, Shiue YL. Overexpression of Transient Receptor Protein Cation Channel Subfamily A Member 1, Confers an Independent Prognostic Indicator in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Cancer 2016; 7:1181-8. [PMID: 27390592 PMCID: PMC4934025 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Detection of oncogenes provides chances to understand tumor development and progression. Transient receptor protein cation channel subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) transcript was significantly upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with a stepwise upregulation from low- to high-stage NPCs from a preliminary data analysis in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The TRPA1 gene is a member of the TRP channel family, encoding integral membrane proteins that functions as cation channels. Loss of calcium homeostasis takes place in cancer cells. Methods: Immunostaining of TRPA1 was analyzed on 124 biopsies from NPC patients retrospectively. The H-score method was used to evaluate the immunoexpression of TRPA1. The correlations between H-score of TRPA1 protein level and clinicopathological factors, as well as the significances of TRPA1 protein level for disease-specific, distal-metastasis-free and local recurrence-free survivals were assessed. Results: These patients were characterized to be no initial metastasis and medicated with the traditional procedure. The TRPA1 score was found to be associated with clinicopathological parameters and patient survivals. Along with the guideline of 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer, we found that TRPA1 upregulation (50%) was associated with advanced primary tumor (P = 0.009) and overall clinical stage (P = 0.019). In univariate log-rank testing, primary tumor, nodal status, stage and TRPA1 protein level significantly contributed to worse disease-specific survival, distal metastasis-free survival and local recurrence-free survival. In multivariate analysis, high TRPA1 protein level and tumor stage emerged as independent prognostic indicators for inferior disease-specific survival (P = 0.014; P = 0.003), distal metastasis-free survival (P = 0.004; P = 0.034) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.017; P = 0.015). Conclusions: The upregulation of TRPA1 protein level is frequently correlated to unfavorable prognosticators and gives rise to cancer progression in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ting Wu
- 1. Departments of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 2. Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Lun Yen
- 1. Departments of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;; 4. National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan;; 5. Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan;; 6. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- 8. Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 9. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Wei Chang
- 8. Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- 10. Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- 9. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 11. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 12. Doctoral degree program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liao KM, Chao TB, Tian YF, Lin CY, Lee SW, Chuang HY, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Hsing CH, Sheu MJ, Li CF. Overexpression of the PSAT1 Gene in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Is an Indicator of Poor Prognosis. J Cancer 2016; 7:1088-94. [PMID: 27326252 PMCID: PMC4911876 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common cancer in southern China and Southeast Asia, but risk stratification and treatment outcome in NPC patients remain suboptimal. Our study identified and validated metabolic drivers that are relevant to the pathogenesis of NPC using a published transcriptome. Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) is an enzyme that is involved in serine biosynthesis, and its overexpression is associated with colon cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and breast cancer. However, its expression has not been systemically evaluated in patients with NPC. Materials and Methods: We evaluated two public transcriptomes of NPC tissues and benign nasopharyngeal mucosal epithelial tissues that deposited in the NIH Gene Expression Omnibus database under accession number GSE34574 and GSE12452. We also performed immunohistochemical staining and assessment of PSAT1 in a total of 124 NPC patients received radiotherapy and were regularly followed-up until death or loss. The endpoints analyzed were local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS). Results: We retrospectively evaluated 124 patients with NPC and found that high PSAT1 expression was associated with poor prognosis of NPC and indicator of advanced tumor stage. High PSAT1 expression also correlated with an aggressive clinical course, with significantly shorter DSS (HR= 2.856, 95% CI 1.599 to 5.101), DMFS (HR= 3.305, 95% CI 1.720 to 6.347), LRFS (HR= 2.834, 95% CI 1.376 to 5.835), and OS HR= 2.935, 95% CI 1.646-5.234) in multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Our study showed that PSAT1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and higher expression of PSAT1 is associated with a poor prognosis in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Ming Liao
- 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Bo Chao
- 2. Departments of Colorectal Surgery, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; 3. Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- 4. Division of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 5. Department of Health and NutritionChia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yih Lin
- 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 7. Department of Leisure, Recreation, and Tourism Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- 8. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ying Chuang
- 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- 9. Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- 9. Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- 10. Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Sheu
- 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- 9. Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; 11. National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; 12. Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; 13. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chao TB, Li CF, Lin CY, Tian YF, Chang IW, Sheu MJ, Lee YE, Chan TC, He HL. Prognostic significance of DSG3 in rectal adenocarcinoma treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1457-67. [PMID: 27040321 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of DSG3 and its association with response to neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in rectal cancer. MATERIALS & METHODS Data mining of a publicly available dataset was performed to find genes associated with CCRT response. Immunohistochemistry was applied to evaluate DSG3 expression. The relationships between DSG3 expression and various clinicopathological parameters and survival were analyzed. RESULTS The DSG3 gene was significantly associated with CCRT response. The expression of DSG3 negatively correlated with poorer tumor regression (p < 0.001) and had an independent negative impact on disease-specific survival (p = 0.011), local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.031) and metastasis-free survival (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION DSG3 was a key prognostic factor and predictor for CCRT response in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Bo Chao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yih Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Leisure, Recreation, & Tourism Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health & Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Wei Chang
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Sheu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-En Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital & Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lin FOY, Luk JKH, Chan TC, Mok WWY, Chan FHW. Effectiveness of a discharge planning and community support programme in preventing readmission of high-risk older patients. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:208-16. [PMID: 25904292 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of Integrated Care and Discharge Support for elderly patients in reducing accident and emergency department attendance, acute hospital admissions, and hospital bed days after discharge. Factors that compromise its effectiveness were investigated and cost analysis was performed. DESIGN Cohort prospective study. SETTING Integrated Care and Discharge Support for elderly patients in Hong Kong West Cluster. PARTICIPANTS Home-dwelling patients recruited between April 2012 and March 2013 into Integrated Care and Discharge Support for elderly patients in Hong Kong West Cluster. RESULTS A total of 1090 older patients were studied. The Integrated Care and Discharge Support for elderly patients programme reduced accident and emergency department attendance by 40% (P<0.001), acute hospital admissions by 47% (P<0.001), and hospital bed days by 31% (P<0.001) at 6 months after implementation. Improvements in Barthel Index 20 (P<0.001) and Modified Functional Ambulation Category scale (P<0.001) were observed. Of the patients, 85 (7.8%) died within 6 months of initiation of the programme. Only 26 (2.4%) older patients required institutionalisation in residential care homes within 6 months after the programme. Increasing age (P=0.025) and high Charlson Comorbidity Index score (P=0.001) were positive predictors for accident and emergency department attendance. A high albumin level (P=0.001) and living alone (P=0.033) were negative predictors for accident and emergency department attendance. Of the patients, 310 (28.4%) had no reduction in bed days after the programme. Increasing age (P=0.025) and number of medications (P=0.003) were positive predictors for no reduction in bed days; while higher haemoglobin level (P=0.034) was a negative predictor. There was a potential annual cost-saving of HK$22.5 million (approximately US$2.9 million). CONCLUSION The Integrated Care and Discharge Support for elderly patients programme reduced accident and emergency department attendance, acute hospital admissions and hospital bed days, and was potentially cost-saving. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, albumin level, and living alone were factors associated with accident and emergency department attendance. Age, number of medications, and haemoglobin level were associated with no reduction in bed days. Further study of the cost-effectiveness of such programme is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O Y Lin
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, TWGHs Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - James K H Luk
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, TWGHs Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - T C Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, TWGHs Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie W Y Mok
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, TWGHs Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Felix H W Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, TWGHs Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma development is a multistep process associated with progressive genetic alterations but also regulated by cellular and noncellular components in a tumor-associated niche. METHODS Using 2 rat C6 glioma cell clones with different tumorigenesis, named C6-1 and C6-2, this study characterized genes associated with enhanced tumorigenic features of glioma cells by comparative cDNA microarray analysis combined with Q-PCR. Neurospehere formation and clonogenicity were examined to determine the growth of tumorigenic C6 glioma cells. The lentivirus-mediated gene knockdown approach was conducted to determine the role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in glioma cell proliferation and migration. Transwell cell invasion assay was used to examine microglia migration induced by tumorigenic C6 cells. RESULTS The functional analysis of gene ontology (GO) biological processes shows that the upregulated genes found in tumorigenic C6 (C6-1) cells are closely related to cell proliferation. Tumorigenic C6 cells expressed cytokines and chemokines abundantly. Among these genes, IL-33 was profoundly induced in tumorigenic C6 cells with the expression of IL-33 receptor ST2. Furthermore, the growth rate and colony formation of tumorigenic C6 cells were attenuated by the inhibition of IL-33 and ST2 gene expression. Moreover, IL-33 was involved in tumorigenic glioma cell migration and regulation of the expression of several glioma-associated growth factors and chemokines in tumorigenic C6 cells. CONCLUSION Accordingly, we concluded that glioma cells with abundant production of IL-33 grow rapidly; moreover, the interactions of multiple cytokines/chemokines induced by glioma cells may develop a microenvironment that facilitates microglia/macrophage infiltration and fosters glioma growth in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Min Fang
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan (K.M.F., T.C.L., T.C.C., S.F.T.); Center for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (C.S.Y.)
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Luk JKH, Chan WK, Ng WC, Chiu PKC, Ho C, Chan TC, Chan FHW. Mortality and health services utilisation among older people with advanced cognitive impairment living in residential care homes. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19:518-24. [PMID: 24096360 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj133951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the demography, clinical characteristics, service utilisation, mortality, and predictors of mortality in older residential care home residents with advanced cognitive impairment. DESIGN Cohort longitudinal study. SETTING Residential care homes for the elderly in Hong Kong West. PARTICIPANTS Residents of such homes aged 65 years or more with advanced cognitive impairment. RESULTS In all, 312 such residential care home residents (71 men and 241 women) were studied. Their mean age was 88 (standard deviation, 8) years and their mean Barthel Index 20 score was 1.5 (standard deviation, 2.0). In all, 164 (53%) were receiving enteral feeding. Nearly all of them had urinary and bowel incontinence. Apart from Community Geriatric Assessment Team clinics, 119 (38%) of the residents attended other clinics outside their residential care homes. In all, 107 (34%) died within 1 year; those who died within 1 year used significantly more emergency and hospital services (P<0.001), and utilised more services from community care nurses for wound care (P=0.001), enteral feeding tube care (P=0.018), and urinary catheter care (P<0.001). Independent risk factors for 1-year mortality were active pressure sores (P=0.0037), enteral feeding (P=0.008), having a urinary catheter (P=0.0036), and suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P=0.011). A history of pneumococcal vaccination was protective with respect to 1-year mortality (P=0.004). CONCLUSION Residents of residential care homes for the elderly with advanced cognitive impairment were frail, exhibited multiple co-morbidities and high mortality. They were frequent users of out-patient, emergency, and in-patient services. The development of end-of-life care services in residential care homes for the elderly is an important need for this group of elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K H Luk
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Fung Yiu King Hospital, 9 Sandy Bay Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Loh KW, Rani F, Chan TC, Loh HY, Ng CW, Moy FM. The association between risk factors and hypertension in perak, malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2013; 68:291-296. [PMID: 24145254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is a major public health problem in Malaysia. A survey was initiated to examine the association of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension in Perak, Malaysia. METHODS A total of 2025 respondents aged 30 years and above were recruited using a multi-stage sampling method. Hypertension was defined as self-reported hypertension and/or average of two blood pressure readings at single occasion with SBP ≥ 140mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg. Body mass index (BMI) was defined using the Asian criteria and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate physical activity. Body weight, height and blood pressure were obtained using standard procedures. Univariate analyses were conducted to examine the associations between risk factors and hypertension. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine each significant risk factor on hypertension after adjusted for confounders. RESULTS In total, 1076 (54.9%) respondents were found to be hypertensive. Significant associations (p <0.001) with hypertension were noted for increasing age, low physical activity, obese BMI, no education background and positive family history of hypertension. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, education background, family history, BMI, physical activity, smoking and diet, respondents who were obese and had positive family history had higher odds for hypertension (OR:2.34; 95% CI:1.84-3.17 and 1.96 (1.59-2.42) respectively. A significant increase (p <0.001) in risk for hypertension was noted for age. Those with moderate physical activities were 1.40 (1.04-1.78) times more of having hypertension than those active. Poor diet score and smoking were not significantly associated with increased risk for hypertension. CONCLUSION In conclusion, modifiable risk factors such as BMI and physical activity are important risk factors to target in reducing the risk for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Loh
- Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Fang KM, Lin TC, Chan TC, Ma SZ, Tzou BC, Chang WR, Liu JJ, Chiou SH, Yang CS, Tzeng SF. Enhanced cell growth and tumorigenicity of rat glioma cells by stable expression of human CD133 through multiple molecular actions. Glia 2013; 61:1402-17. [PMID: 23832679 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
CD133 (Prominin-1/AC133) is generally treated as a cell surface marker found on multipotent stem cells and tumor stem-like cells, and its biological function remains debated. Genetically modified rat glioma cell lines were generated by lentiviral gene delivery of human CD133 into rat C6 glioma cells (hCD133(+) -C6) or by infection of C6 cells with control lentivirus (mock-C6). Stable hCD133 expression promoted the self-renewal ability of C6-formed spheres with an increase in the expression of the stemness markers, Bmi-1 and SOX2. Akt phosphorylation, Notch-1 activation, and Notch-1 target gene expression (Hes-1, Hey1 and Hey2) were increased in hCD133(+) -C6 when compared to mock-C6. The inhibition of Akt phosphorylation, Notch-1 activation, and Hes-1 in hCD133(+) -C6 cells effectively suppressed their clonogenic ability, indicating that these factors are involved in expanding the growth of hCD133(+) -C6. An elevated expression of GTPase-activating protein 27 (Arhgap27) was detected in hCD133(+) -C6. A decline in the invasion of hCD133(+) -C6 by knockdown of Arhgap27 expression indicated the critical role of Arhgap27 in promoting cell migration of hCD133(+) -C6. In vivo study further showed that hCD133(+) -C6 formed aggressive tumors in vivo compared to mock-C6. Exposure of hCD133(+) -C6 to arsenic trioxide not only reduced Akt phosphorylation, Notch-1 activation and Hes-1 expression in vitro, but also inhibited their tumorigenicity in vivo. The results show that C6 glioma cells with stable hCD133 expression enhanced their stemness properties with increased Notch-1/Hes-1 signaling, Akt activation, and Arhgap27 action, which contribute to increased cell proliferation and migration of hCD133(+) -C6 in vitro, as well as progressive tumor formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Min Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Shea YF, Chan JFW, Kwok WC, Hwang YY, Chan TC, Ni MYX, Li IWS, Chiu PKC, Luk JKH, Chu LW. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: an uncommon clinical presentation of tuberculosis. Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18:517-525. [PMID: 23223654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare but fatal complication of tuberculosis. We describe two cases, and review the local and international experience on the management of this clinical entity. Prompt treatment with anti-tuberculous drugs forms the cornerstone of therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Shea
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Lenert LA, Kirsh D, Griswold WG, Buono C, Lyon J, Rao R, Chan TC. Design and evaluation of a wireless electronic health records system for field care in mass casualty settings. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2011; 18:842-52. [PMID: 21709162 DOI: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in the use of technology to enhance the tracking and quality of clinical information available for patients in disaster settings. This paper describes the design and evaluation of the Wireless Internet Information System for Medical Response in Disasters (WIISARD). MATERIALS AND METHODS WIISARD combined advanced networking technology with electronic triage tags that reported victims' position and recorded medical information, with wireless pulse-oximeters that monitored patient vital signs, and a wireless electronic medical record (EMR) for disaster care. The EMR system included WiFi handheld devices with barcode scanners (used by front-line responders) and computer tablets with role-tailored software (used by managers of the triage, treatment, transport and medical communications teams). An additional software system provided situational awareness for the incident commander. The WIISARD system was evaluated in a large-scale simulation exercise designed for training first responders. A randomized trial was overlaid on this exercise with 100 simulated victims, 50 in a control pathway (paper-based), and 50 in completely electronic WIISARD pathway. All patients in the electronic pathway were cared for within the WIISARD system without paper-based workarounds. RESULTS WIISARD reduced the rate of the missing and/or duplicated patient identifiers (0% vs 47%, p<0.001). The total time of the field was nearly identical (38:20 vs 38:23, IQR 26:53-1:05:32 vs 18:55-57:22). CONCLUSION Overall, the results of WIISARD show that wireless EMR systems for care of the victims of disasters would be complex to develop but potentially feasible to build and deploy, and likely to improve the quality of information available for the delivery of care during disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Lenert
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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