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Fang JY, Huang KY, Wang TH, Lin ZC, Chen CC, Chang SY, Chen EL, Chao TL, Yang SC, Yang PC, Chen CY. Development of nanoparticles incorporated with quercetin and ACE2-membrane as a novel therapy for COVID-19. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:169. [PMID: 38609998 PMCID: PMC11015574 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and AXL tyrosine kinase receptor are known to be involved in the SARS-CoV-2 entry of the host cell. Therefore, targeting ACE2 and AXL should be an effective strategy to inhibit virus entry into cells. However, developing agents that can simultaneously target ACE2 and AXL remains a formidable task. The natural compound quercetin has been shown to inhibit AXL expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we employed PLGA nanoparticles to prepare nanoparticles encapsulated with quercetin, coated with ACE2-containing cell membranes, or encapsulated with quercetin and then coated with ACE-2-containing cell membranes. These nanoparticles were tested for their abilities to neutralize or inhibit viral infection. RESULTS Our data showed that nanoparticles encapsulated with quercetin and then coated with ACE2-containing cell membrane inhibited the expression of AXL without causing cytotoxic activity. Nanoparticles incorporated with both quercetin and ACE2-containing cell membrane were found to be able to neutralize pseudo virus infection and were more effective than free quercetin and nanoparticles encapsulated with quercetin at inhibition of pseudo virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that the biomimetic nanoparticles incorporated with both ACE-2 membrane and quercetin showed the most antiviral activity and may be further explored for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University YongLin Institute of Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology (Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Yuan Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- , No.1, Sec 1, Jen-Ai Rd, R.O.C, 100225, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- , No.261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist, 33303, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Li HX, Xu X, Tan PX, Wang TH, Li BL, Zheng H, Yan T. [The effect of deep neuromuscular block combined with low pneumoperitoneum pressure on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colorectal surgery]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:1057-1063. [PMID: 38561301 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231011-00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of deep neuromuscular blockade (DNMB) combined with low pneumoperitoneum pressure anesthesia strategy on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. One hundred and twenty patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery at Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from December 1, 2022 to May 31, 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups by random number table method. Moderate neuromuscular blockade [train of four stimulations count (TOFC)=1-2] was maintained in patients of the control group (group C, n=60) and pneumoperitoneum pressure level was set at 15 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). DNMB [post-tonic stimulation count (PTC)=1-2] was maintained in patients of the DNMB combined with low pneumoperitoneum pressuregroup (group D, n=60) and pneumoperitoneum pressure level was set at 10 mmHg. The primary measurement was incidence of moderate to severe pain at 1 h after surgery. The secondary measurements the included incidence of moderate to severe pain at 1, 2, 3, 5 d and 3 months after surgery, the incidence of rescue analgesic drug use, the doses of sufentanil in analgesic pumps, surgical rating scale (SRS) score, the incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular block, postoperative recovery [evaluated with length of post anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, time of first exhaust and defecation after surgery and length of hospital stay] and postoperative inflammation conditions [evaluated with serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 at 1 d and 3 d after surgery]. Results: The incidence of moderate to severe pain in group D 1 h after surgery was 13.3% (8/60), lower than 30.0% (18/60) of group C (P<0.05). The incidence of rescue analgesia in group D at 1 h and 1 d after surgery were 13.3% (8/60) and 4.2% (5/120), respectively, lower than 30.0% (18/60) and 12.5% (15/120) of group C (both P<0.05). The IL-1β level in group D was (4.1±1.8)ng/L at 1 d after surgery, which was lower than (4.9±2.6) ng/L of group C (P=0.048). The IL-6 level in group D was (2.0±0.7)ng/L at 3 d after surgery, which was lower than (2.4±1.1) ng/L of group C (P=0.018). There was no significant difference in the doses of sufentanil in analgesic pumps, intraoperative SRS score, incidence of neuromuscular block residue, time spent in PACU, time of first exhaust and defecation after surgery, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and length of hospitalization between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: DNMB combined with low pneumoperitoneum pressure anesthesia strategy alleviates the early-stage pain in patients after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - P X Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T H Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - B L Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Wang TH, Shen YW, Chen HY, Chen CC, Lin NC, Shih YH, Hsia SM, Chiu KC, Shieh TM. Arecoline Induces ROS Accumulation, Transcription of Proinflammatory Factors, and Expression of KRT6 in Oral Epithelial Cells. Biomedicines 2024; 12:412. [PMID: 38398015 PMCID: PMC10887121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Areca nut is a major contributor to the high prevalence of oral cancer in Asia. The precise mechanisms by which areca nut stimulates mucosal cells and contributes to the progression of oral cancer urgently require clarification. The current study aimed to assess the effects of arecoline on the normal human gingival epithelium cell line S-G. Cell viability, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein expression, cellular morphology, and gene expression were evaluated using the MTT test, flow cytometry, Western blot analysis, optical or confocal microscopy, and RT-qPCR. Keratin (KRT6) analysis involved matched normal and cancer tissues from clinical head and neck specimens. The results demonstrated that 12.5 µg/mL of arecoline induced ROS production, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression in S-G cells. This activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway increased KRT6 expression while limiting cell migration. In head and neck cancer tissues, KRT6B gene expression exceeded that of normal tissues. This study confirms that arecoline induces ROS accumulation in normal cells, leading to the secretion of proinflammatory factors and KRT6 expression. This impedes oral mucosal healing, thereby promoting the progression of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Shen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Chen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Chin Lin
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505029, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500011, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of General Dentistry, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411228, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
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Chen CC, Chen CY, Yeh CT, Liu YT, Leu YL, Chuang WY, Shih YH, Chou LF, Shieh TM, Wang TH. Corylin Attenuates CCl 4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice by Regulating the GAS6/AXL Signaling Pathway in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16936. [PMID: 38069259 PMCID: PMC10707553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is reversible when treated in its early stages and when liver inflammatory factors are inhibited. Limited studies have investigated the therapeutic effects of corylin, a flavonoid extracted from Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae), on liver fibrosis. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of corylin and investigated its efficacy and mechanism of action in ameliorating liver fibrosis. Corylin significantly inhibited inflammatory responses by inhibiting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human THP-1 and mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, corylin inhibited the expression of growth arrest-specific gene 6 in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the activation of the downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway. This inhibited the activation of HSCs and the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, including α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen. Additionally, corylin induced caspase 9 and caspase 3 activation, which promoted apoptosis in HSCs. Moreover, in vivo experiments confirmed the regulatory effects of corylin on these proteins, and corylin alleviated the symptoms of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice. These findings revealed that corylin has anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits HSC activation; thus, it presents as a potential adjuvant in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Chen
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry and Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Tsen Liu
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Biobank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-T.L.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry and Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
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Wang YJ, Gu ZH, Wu XP, Fang ZY, Wang TH, Gao S, Yang X, Shen XY, Zhou TY, Zhang Q, Li JX, Cao F. [Clinical value of arterial stiffness assessment on risk prediction of vascular stiffness in the octogenarian elderly]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:1069-1074. [PMID: 37859359 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20230530-00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze clinical factors related to arterial stiffening and establish a risk prediction nomogram of arterial stiffening in the octogenarian(≥80 years). Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, which enrolled the octogenarian elderly who underwent physical examination and secondary prevention intervention in the outpatient department of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from April 2022 to August 2022. Clinical data including demographics, biochemical indicators and medical history were collected. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was detected during the clinical visit. Participants were divided into the control group (baPWV≤1 800 cm/s) and vascular sclerosis group (baPWV>1 800 cm/s). The risk factors of arterial stiffness were analyzed by univariate and logistic regression analysis, and the nomogram model was constructed by R programming language. The predictive effect of the nomogram model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The median age of the 525 participants was 87.0 (82.0, 92.0) years, 504 (96.0%) were male, 82 in the control group, 443 in the vascular sclerosis group. The baPWV, age, systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the control group than those in the vascular sclerosis group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase and amylase were protective factors, and alkaline phosphatase and creatinine were risk factors of arterial stiffening (all P<0.05). The combined nomogram model scores including age, mean arterial pressure and the above five laboratory indicators indicated that mean arterial pressure and serum creatinine levels were strongly correlated with vascular sclerosis. The ROC curve suggested that the nomogram model had good prediction ability. Conclusions: Age, mean arterial pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, amylase and creatinine are independently determinants for increased vascular stiffness. The combined prediction model in this study can provide reference for individualized clinical risk prediction of vascular sclerosis in the octogenarian elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z H Gu
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X P Wu
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z Y Fang
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - T H Wang
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - S Gao
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Yang
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Y Shen
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - T Y Zhou
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J X Li
- Department of Cardiology, Seventh Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - F Cao
- Second Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
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Wang TH, Hao R, Xu BN, Chang L, Liu ZB, Yao JL, Wang W, Xie WJ, Yan WW, Xiao ZJ, Qiu LG, An G. [Safety and feasibility of 120 min rapid infusion regimen of daratumumab in patients with multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:696-699. [PMID: 37803849 PMCID: PMC10520231 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - R Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - B N Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - L Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Z B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - J L Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - W Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - W J Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - W W Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Z J Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - L G Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - G An
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
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Shih YH, Chen CC, Kuo YH, Fuh LJ, Lan WC, Wang TH, Chiu KC, Nguyen THV, Hsia SM, Shieh TM. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Caffeamide Derivatives Suppress Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9819. [PMID: 37372967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) contains antibiotic and anticancer activities. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anticancer properties and mechanisms of CAPE and caffeamide derivatives in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell (OSCC) lines SAS and OECM-1. The anti-OSCC effects of CAPE and the caffeamide derivatives (26G, 36C, 36H, 36K, and 36M) were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test. Cell cycle and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed using flow cytometry. The relative protein expression of malignant phenotypes was determined via Western blot analysis. The results showed that 26G and 36M were more cytotoxic than the other compounds in SAS cells. After 26G or 36M treatment for 48 h, cell cycle S phase or G2/M phase arrest was induced, and cellular ROS increased at 24 h, and then decreased at 48 h in both cell lines. The expression levels of cell cycle regulatory and anti-ROS proteins were downregulated. In addition, 26G or 36M treatment inhibited malignant phenotypes through mTOR-ULK1-P62-LC3 autophagic signaling activated by ROS generation. These results showed that 26G and 36M induce cancer cell death by activating autophagy signaling, which is correlated with altered cellular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chieh Chen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Jyh Fuh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | | | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Wang TH, Huang KY, Chen CC, Chang YH, Chen HY, Hsueh C, Liu YT, Yang SC, Yang PC, Chen CY. PM2.5 promotes lung cancer progression through activation of the AhR-TMPRSS2-IL18 pathway. EMBO Mol Med 2023:e17014. [PMID: 36975376 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a risk factor for lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on lung cancer progression. We found that short-term exposure to PM2.5 for 24 h activated the EGFR pathway in lung cancer cells (EGFR wild-type and mutant), while long-term exposure of lung cancer cells to PM2.5 for 90 days persistently promoted EGFR activation, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in EGFR-driven H1975 cancer cells. We showed that PM2.5 activated AhR to translocate into the nucleus and promoted EGFR activation. AhR further interacted with the promoter of TMPRSS2, thereby upregulating TMPRSS2 and IL18 expression to promote cancer progression. Depletion of TMPRSS2 in lung cancer cells suppressed anchorage-independent growth and xenograft tumor growth in mice. The expression levels of TMPRSS2 were found to correlate with nuclear AhR expression and with cancer stage in lung cancer patient tissue. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 could promote tumor progression in lung cancer through activation of EGFR and AhR to enhance the TMPRSS2-IL18 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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9
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Chuang WY, Yu WH, Lee YC, Zhang QY, Chang H, Shih LY, Yeh CJ, Lin SMT, Chang SH, Ueng SH, Wang TH, Hsueh C, Kuo CF, Chuang SS, Yeh CY. Deep Learning-Based Nuclear Morphometry Reveals an Independent Prognostic Factor in Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Am J Pathol 2022; 192:1763-1778. [PMID: 36150505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Blastoid/pleomorphic morphology is associated with short survival in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but its prognostic value is overridden by Ki-67 in multivariate analysis. Herein, a nuclear segmentation model was developed using deep learning, and nuclei of tumor cells in 103 MCL cases were automatically delineated. Eight nuclear morphometric attributes were extracted from each nucleus. The mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis of each attribute were calculated for each case, resulting in 32 morphometric parameters. Compared with those in classic MCL, 17 morphometric parameters were significantly different in blastoid/pleomorphic MCL. Using univariate analysis, 16 morphometric parameters (including 14 significantly different between classic and blastoid/pleomorphic MCL) emerged as significant prognostic factors. Using multivariate analysis, Biologic MCL International Prognostic Index (bMIPI) risk group (P = 0.025), low skewness of nuclear irregularity (P = 0.020), and high mean of nuclear irregularity (P = 0.047) emerged as independent adverse prognostic factors. Additionally, a morphometric score calculated from the skewness and mean of nuclear irregularity (P = 0.0038) was an independent prognostic factor in addition to bMIPI risk group (P = 0.025), and a summed morphometric bMIPI score was useful for risk stratification of patients with MCL (P = 0.000001). These results demonstrate, for the first time, that a nuclear morphometric score is an independent prognostic factor in MCL. It is more robust than blastoid/pleomorphic morphology and can be objectively measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yen-Chen Lee
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung Chang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Samuel Mu-Tse Lin
- aetherAI, Co, Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei American School, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sung Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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10
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Wang L, Zhao YB, Ding JG, Han JJ, Ma YY, Wu X, Wang TH, Ma J, Zhang ZY, Li ZD, Bu XQ, Su AW, Wu A. [Enterostomy based on abdominal wall tension and fascial locking: a theory of preventing stoma complications and parahernia]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:1025-1028. [PMID: 36396379 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220307-00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
No consensus on standardized technique of enterostomy creation has been made meanwhile high heterogeneity of surgical procedure exists in 'stoma creation' chapters of textbooks or atlases of colorectal surgery. The present article reviews the anatomy of tendinous aponeurotic fibers which is crucial for abdominal wall tension and integrity. Through empirical practice we hypothesize a procedure of enterostomy creation basied on abdominal wall tension plus anchor suture for fascia fixation which could theoretically decrease short-term stoma complication rates and long-term parastomal hernia rates. Surgical techniques are as followed: (1) preoperative stoma site mark for de-functioning ileostomy should be positioned at the lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) to decrease the difficulty of stoma reversal and for permanent colostomy should be placed overlying the RAM to promote adhesion; (2)Optimal circular removal or lineal opening of skin, and avoid dissection of subcutaneous tissue; (3) Lineal dissection of natural strong fascia (rectus sheath) at stoma site and blunt separation of muscular fibers. The tunnel of the fascia should be made with appropriate size without undue tension. To prevent the formation of dead space, additional suturing at fascia layer is unnecessary. (4) Anchor suture for fascia fixation at two ends of fascia opening could be considered to avoid delayed fascia disruption and parastomal hernia. (5) After pull-through of ileum or colon loop, 4-8 interrupted seromuscular sutures could be placed to attach loop to skin. For ileostomy, self-eversion of mucosa can be successful in vast majority of cases and a Brooke ileostomy is not necessary. The efficacy and safety of this procedure should be tested in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
| | - Y B Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - J G Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J J Han
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hosptial, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y Y Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Shanghai Clinical Medical Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - T H Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Division of Radiation Enterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
| | - Z D Li
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
| | - X Q Bu
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
| | - A W Su
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
| | - Aiwen Wu
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100142, China
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11
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Li HX, Li BL, Wang TH, Zheng H, Yan T. [Double-edged sword of opioids in the treatment of cancer pain: hyperalgesia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3073-3079. [PMID: 36274592 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220321-00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyperalgesia is an occult complication during the treatment of cancer pain, not only related to opioids, but also pertaining to the tumor itself and cancer therapeutic drugs. Yet it is often ignored by clinicians. Patients with cancer pain who were treated with opioids often have sensory abnormalities presented with reduced pain threshold and increased sensitivity to nociceptive stimuli. This phenomenon is clinically called opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). However, due to the complexity of pathogenesis and the lack of clinical diagnostic criteria, the pain management of cancer patients is still facing great challenges. Therefore, this article focuses on the clinical diagnosis, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of hyperalgesia related to cancer pain treatment, in order to provide a basis for optimal use of opioids in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - B L Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T H Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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12
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Lin NC, Shih YH, Chiu KC, Li PJ, Yang HW, Lan WC, Hsia SM, Wang TH, Shieh TM. Association of rs9679162 Genetic Polymorphism and Aberrant Expression of Polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14 (GALNT14) in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174217. [PMID: 36077753 PMCID: PMC9454803 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed before surgery. Because the tumor itself and the surrounding vascular bed were not damaged, the chemotherapy we performed could have good drug delivery. After the operation, the volume of the tumor can be reduced to facilitate surgery or radiotherapy. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy also delays the patient’s time to receive main therapy. The physician must make sure that it has a good response and does not allow disease progression in the patient during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, predicting the treatment response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy can shorten the treatment time, reduce the harm of chemotherapy side effects, and avoid the occurrence of drug resistance. The results of this study showed that GALNT14-rs9679162 and mRNA expression were associated with post-treatment survival in head and neck cancer. It can be used as an indicator to predict the treatment response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Abstract The polypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14 (GALNT14) rs9679162 and mRNA expression were associated with treatment outcome in various cancers. However, the relation of GALNT14 and head and neck cancer were nuclear. A total of 199 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were collected in this study, including oral SCC (OSCC), oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC), laryngeal SCC (LSCC), and others. The DNA and RNA of cancer tissues were extracted using the TRI Reagent method. The rs9679162 was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods in 199 DNA specimens, and the mRNA expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) methods in 68 paired RNA specimens of non-cancerous matched tissues (NCMT) and tumor tissues. The results showed that the genotype of TT, TG, and GG appeared at 30%, 44%, and 26%, respectively. Non-TT genotype or G alleotype were associated with alcohol, betel nut, and cigarette using among patients with OSCC, and it also affected the treatment and survival of patients with OSCC and LSCC. High GALNT14 mRNA expression levels increased lymphatic metastasis of patients with HNSCC, and treatment and survival in patients with OPSCC. Overall, the GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype and mRNA expression level can be used as indicators of HNSCC treatment prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Chin Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500009, Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wu Yang
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-M.H.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316) (T.-M.S.)
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-M.H.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316) (T.-M.S.)
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13
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Wang TH, Tseng WC, Leu YL, Chen CY, Lee WC, Chi YC, Cheng SF, Lai CY, Kuo CH, Yang SL, Yang SH, Shen JJ, Feng CH, Wu CC, Hwang TL, Wang CJ, Wang SH, Chen CC. The flavonoid corylin exhibits lifespan extension properties in mouse. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1238. [PMID: 35264584 PMCID: PMC8907184 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the long history of traditional Chinese medicine, single herbs and complex formulas have been suggested to increase lifespan. However, the identification of single molecules responsible for lifespan extension has been challenging. Here, we collected a list of traditional Chinese medicines with potential longevity properties from pharmacopeias. By utilizing the mother enrichment program, we systematically screened these traditional Chinese medicines and identified a single herb, Psoralea corylifolia, that increases lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Next, twenty-two pure compounds were isolated from Psoralea corylifolia. One of the compounds, corylin, was found to extend the replicative lifespan in yeast by targeting the Gtr1 protein. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, RNA sequencing data showed that corylin ameliorates cellular senescence. We also examined an in vivo mammalian model, and found that corylin extends lifespan in mice fed a high-fat diet. Taken together, these findings suggest that corylin may promote longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Lee
- Office of Research and Development, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chi
- Cryo-EM Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sien-Hung Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Feng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jen Wang
- Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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14
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Lin NC, Hsia SM, Wang TH, Li PJ, Tseng YH, Chiu KC, Tu HF, Shih YH, Shieh TM. The relation between NEAT1 expression level and survival rate in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:361-367. [PMID: 35028059 PMCID: PMC8739734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Numerous studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance. Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) is an lncRNA. It affects tumor cell progression and drug resistance in various tumors. However, the relation of NEAT1 and survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) requires further study. Materials and methods One normal gingival epithelium cell line, SG, three oral cancer cell lines (HSC3, OEC-M1, and SAS), 34 paired non-cancerous matched tissues (NCMT), and OSCC tissues were used in this study. Tri-reagent was used for total RNA extraction. NEAT1 expression was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results NEAT1 expression in oral cancer cell lines was lower than that in normal cells and was significantly downregulated in OSCC. NEAT1 upregulation reduced the survival rate of patients with OSCC. NEAT1 upregulation also reduced the survival rate of OSCC patients treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion These results indicate that NEAT1 expression is a valuable biomarker for the prediction and prognosis of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Chin Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Feng Tu
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Yan T, Zhu QM, Li HX, Wang TH, Zhang GH, Sun L. [Effects of myocardial fibrosis on ischemic preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetic rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:3857-3863. [PMID: 34839593 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211025-02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess whether myocardial fibrosis affects the protective efficiency of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods: Type 2 diabetic rat model was established. Fifty-four normal and 54 diabetic spragus-dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into 6 groups (n=18) using the random number table method: (1) Control group (C group); (2) Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) control group (IRI group); (3) IPC group; (4) Diabetic control group (DC group); (5) Diabetic IRI group (DIRI group); (6) Diabetic IPC group (DIPC group). After the reperfusion, blood samples were obtained for measuring serum concentrations of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The myocardial infarction size (IS) was assessed by double staining method with Evan's blue and Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), and the myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) and perivascular collagen area (PVCA) were assessed by Masson staining. Results: A stable and effective rat model with long-term diabetes was established in the current study. Compared with the normal rat groups, the CVF and PVCA significantly increased (all P<0.05) in the diabetic rat groups. The levels of CK-MB, cTnI and IS in the IPC group were (6.6±0.8) ng/ml, (0.5±0.1) ng/ml and (25.1±4.7) %, which showed significant decrease compared with (12.3±1.1) ng/ml, (1.2±0.3) ng/ml and (52.3±8.1) % in IRI group (all P<0.05). Among the diabetic rat groups, the CK-MB and cTnI levels in DIPC group were (11.5±0.9) and (1.1±0.1) ng/ml, apparently lower than the levels of (16.6±2.2) and (1.4±0.3) ng/ml in the DIRI group (both P<0.05). Compared with the IPC group, the IS, CK-MB and cTnI levels significantly increased in the DIPC group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Myocardial fibrosis exists in rats with long-term type 2 diabetes, which weakens the protective effect of IPC on diabetes MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q M Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H X Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T H Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - G H Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518100, China
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16
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Chuang WY, Chen CC, Yu WH, Yeh CJ, Chang SH, Ueng SH, Wang TH, Hsueh C, Kuo CF, Yeh CY. Identification of nodal micrometastasis in colorectal cancer using deep learning on annotation-free whole-slide images. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:1901-1911. [PMID: 34103664 PMCID: PMC8443445 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Detection of nodal micrometastasis (tumor size: 0.2-2.0 mm) is challenging for pathologists due to the small size of metastatic foci. Since lymph nodes with micrometastasis are counted as positive nodes, detecting micrometastasis is crucial for accurate pathologic staging of colorectal cancer. Previously, deep learning algorithms developed with manually annotated images performed well in identifying micrometastasis of breast cancer in sentinel lymph nodes. However, the process of manual annotation is labor intensive and time consuming. Multiple instance learning was later used to identify metastatic breast cancer without manual annotation, but its performance appears worse in detecting micrometastasis. Here, we developed a deep learning model using whole-slide images of regional lymph nodes of colorectal cancer with only a slide-level label (either a positive or negative slide). The training, validation, and testing sets included 1963, 219, and 1000 slides, respectively. A supercomputer TAIWANIA 2 was used to train a deep learning model to identify metastasis. At slide level, our algorithm performed well in identifying both macrometastasis (tumor size > 2.0 mm) and micrometastasis with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.9993 and 0.9956, respectively. Since most of our slides had more than one lymph node, we then tested the performance of our algorithm on 538 single-lymph node images randomly cropped from the testing set. At single-lymph node level, our algorithm maintained good performance in identifying macrometastasis and micrometastasis with an AUC of 0.9944 and 0.9476, respectively. Visualization using class activation mapping confirmed that our model identified nodal metastasis based on areas of tumor cells. Our results demonstrate for the first time that micrometastasis could be detected by deep learning on whole-slide images without manual annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lu CS, Lin CW, Chang YH, Chen HY, Chung WC, Lai WY, Ho CC, Wang TH, Chen CY, Yeh CL, Wu S, Wang SP, Yang PC. Antimetabolite pemetrexed primes a favorable tumor microenvironment for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001392. [PMID: 33243934 PMCID: PMC7692992 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has been proved beneficial for numerous types of cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, a significant number of patients with NSCLC still fail to respond to ICB due to unfavorable tumor microenvironment. To improve the efficacy, the immune-chemotherapy combination with pemetrexed, cis/carboplatin and pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) has been recently approved as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLCs. While chemotherapeutic agents exert beneficial effects, the underlying antitumor mechanism(s) remains unclear. Methods Pemetrexed, cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents were tested for the potential to induce PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells by immunoblotting and flow cytometry. The ability to prime the tumor immune microenvironment was then determined by NSCLC/T cell coculture systems and syngeneic mouse models. Subpopulations of NSCLC cells responding differently to pemetrexed were selected and subjected to RNA-sequencing analysis. The key signaling pathways were identified and validated in vitro and in vivo. Results Pemetrexed induced the transcriptional activation of PD-L1 (encoded by CD274) by inactivating thymidylate synthase (TS) in NSCLC cells and, in turn, activating T-lymphocytes when combined with the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling was activated by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROSs) that were elevated by pemetrexed-mediated TS inactivation. The TS−ROS−NF-κB regulatory axis actively involves in pemetrexed-induced PD-L1 upregulation, whereas when pemetrexed fails to induce PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells, NF-κB signaling is unregulated. In syngeneic mouse models, the combinatory treatment of pemetrexed with anti-PD-L1 antibody created a more favorable tumor microenvironment for the inhibition of tumor growth. Conclusions Our findings reveal novel mechanisms showing that pemetrexed upregulates PD-L1 expression and primes a favorable microenvironment for ICB, which provides a mechanistic basis for the combinatory chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Sing Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Chung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lin Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sean Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen CC, Chen CY, Cheng SF, Shieh TM, Leu YL, Chuang WY, Liu KT, Ueng SH, Shih YH, Chou LF, Wang TH. Hydroxygenkwanin Increases the Sensitivity of Liver Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Inhibiting DNA Damage Response in Mouse Xenograft Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189766. [PMID: 34575923 PMCID: PMC8471855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecules involved in DNA damage response (DDR) are often overexpressed in cancer cells, resulting in poor responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although treatment efficacy can be improved with the concomitant use of DNA repair inhibitors, the accompanying side effects can compromise the quality of life of patients. Therefore, in this study, we identified a natural compound that could inhibit DDR, using the single-strand annealing yeast-cell analysis system, and explored its mechanisms of action and potential as a chemotherapy adjuvant in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines using comet assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and functional analyses. We developed a mouse model to verify the in vitro findings. We found that hydroxygenkwanin (HGK) inhibited the expression of RAD51 and progression of homologous recombination, thereby suppressing the ability of the HCC cell lines to repair DNA damage and enhancing their sensitivity to doxorubicin. HGK inhibited the phosphorylation of DNA damage checkpoint proteins, leading to apoptosis in the HCC cell lines. In the mouse xenograft model, HGK enhanced the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to doxorubicin without any physiological toxicity. Thus, HGK can inhibit DDR in liver cancer cells and mouse models, making it suitable for use as a chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (S.-H.U.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Ting Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32551, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (S.-H.U.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-F.C.); (T.-H.W.)
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-F.C.); (T.-H.W.)
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19
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Peng TY, Shih YH, Hsia SM, Wang TH, Li PJ, Lin DJ, Sun KT, Chiu KC, Shieh TM. In Vitro Assessment of the Cell Metabolic Activity, Cytotoxicity, Cell Attachment, and Inflammatory Reaction of Human Oral Fibroblasts on Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Implant-Abutment. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172995. [PMID: 34503035 PMCID: PMC8433877 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to compare the cytotoxicity of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) with conventional dental implant–abutment materials, namely titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), to evaluate the cell metabolic activity, cytotoxicity, and inflammation potential of human oral fibroblasts (HOF) on these materials. Disk-shaped specimens were designed and prepared via a dental computer-aided manufacturing technology system. Surface topography, roughness, and free energy were investigated by atomic force microscope and contact angle analyzer; cell metabolic activity and cytotoxicity by MTT assay; and morphological changes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of pro-inflammatory gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The obtained data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey’s honest significant difference tests. PEEK and PEKK exhibited higher submicron surface roughness (0.04 μm) and hydrophobicity (>80°) than the control. Although the cell activity of PEEK was lower than that of Ti-6Al-4V and Y-TZP for the first 24 h (p < 0.05), after 48 h there was no difference (p > 0.05). According to the cell cytotoxicity and the pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression assays, there was no difference between the materials (p > 0.05). SEM observations indicated that HOF adhered poorly to PEKK but properly to Ti-6Al-4V, Y-TZP, and PEEK. PEEK and PEKK show comparable epithelial biological responses to Ti-6Al-4V and Y-TZP as implant–abutment materials. Between the two polymeric materials, the PEEK surface, where the HOF showed better cell metabolic activity and cytotoxicity, was a more promising implant–abutment material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Kuo-Ting Sun
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; or
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316)
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20
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Huang KY, Wang TH, Chen CC, Leu YL, Li HJ, Jhong CL, Chen CY. Growth Suppression in Lung Cancer Cells Harboring EGFR-C797S Mutation by Quercetin. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1271. [PMID: 34572484 PMCID: PMC8470952 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are approved treatments for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. The EGFR C797S mutation is one of the known acquired-resistance mutations to the latest third-generation TKIs. At present, there are no clear options for treating patients who acquire resistance to third-generation TKIs. The acquisition of the EGFR C797S mutation was shown to upregulate the expression of AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the TAM (TYRO3-AXL-MER) family, and the suppression of AXL is effective in reducing the growth of NSCLC cells harboring EGFR C797S. As quercetin was recently shown to inhibit AXL, quercetin may be effective in treating NSCLC cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation. In this work, the cytotoxic effects of quercetin and its ability to inhibit tumor growth were examined in TKI-resistant NSCLC cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation. We demonstrated that quercetin exhibited potent cytotoxic effects on NSCLC cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation by inhibiting AXL and inducing apoptosis. Quercetin inhibited the tumor growth of xenografted NSCLC cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation and appeared to act synergistically with brigatinib to inhibit of tumor growth in vivo. In summary, herein, we revealed that quercetin is an effective inhibitor for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer harboring the EGFR C797S mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Yen Huang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (C.-L.J.)
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jung Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Cai-Ling Jhong
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (C.-L.J.)
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (C.-L.J.)
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Y.-L.L.)
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21
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You J, Wang TH, Chen DH, Yu HD, Hong QQ. [Perirectal fascial anatomy and pelvic autonomic nerve preservation during the transanal total mesorectal excision]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 24:593-598. [PMID: 34289543 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20210509-00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The difficulty of transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) is to find the correct dissection plane of perirectal space. As a complex new surgical procedure, the fascial anatomic landmarks of transanal approach operation are more likely to be ignored. It is often found that dissection plane is false after the secondary injury occurs during the operation, which results in the damage of pelvic autonomic nerves. Meanwhile, the mesorectum is easily damaged if the dissection plane is too close to the rectum. Thus, the safety of oncologic outcomes could be limited by difficulty achieving adequate TME quality. The promotion and development of the theory of perirectal fascial anatomy provides a new thought for researchers to design a precise approach for transanal endoscopic surgery. Transanal total mesorectal excision based on fascial anatomy offers a solution to identify the transanal anatomic landmarks precisely and achieves pelvic autonomic nerve preservation. In this paper, the authors focus on the surgical experience of transanal total mesorectal excision based on the theory of perirectal fascial anatomy, and discuss the feature of perirectal fascial anatomy dissection and technique of pelvic autonomic nerve preservation during transanal approach operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J You
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - T H Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - D H Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - H D Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Q Q Hong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
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22
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Peng TY, Lin DJ, Mine Y, Tasi CY, Li PJ, Shih YH, Chiu KC, Wang TH, Hsia SM, Shieh TM. Biofilm Formation on the Surface of (Poly)Ether-Ether-Ketone and In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy on Peri-Implant Mucositis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060940. [PMID: 33803736 PMCID: PMC8003156 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is an aesthetically pleasing natural material with good biocompatibility and shock absorption characteristics. The application of PEEK as a dental implant or abutment is expected to reduce the risk of failure and enhance aesthetics. Given that approximately one in 15 patients have allergic reactions to antibiotics, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been gaining attention as an alternative treatment. Herein, the applicability of PEEK dental implants or abutments was investigated using material analyses, biofilm formation assay, and cell viability tests. The possible use of PDT for peri-implant mucositis was evaluated with the biofilm removal assay. The obtained data were analyzed based on the multivariate analysis of variance, paired t-tests, and the Pearson correlation coefficient (α = 0.05). The results revealed that PEEK was significantly less conducive to the formation of biofilms with S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitan (p < 0.001) but exhibited comparable MG-63 (human osteoblast-like) osteoblast cell viability (p > 0.05) to the other materials. PDT had similar antimicrobial efficacy and yielded similar biofilm removal effects to antibiotics. Altogether, these findings suggest that PEEK has attractive features and can serve as an alternative material for dental implants or abutments. In cases where peri-implant mucositis occurs, PDT can be used as an accessible therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (D.-J.L.); (P.-J.L.)
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (D.-J.L.); (P.-J.L.)
| | - Yuichi Mine
- Department of Medical System Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Chi-Yang Tasi
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (D.-J.L.); (P.-J.L.)
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316) (T.-M.S.)
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (D.-J.L.); (P.-J.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.-C.C.); (T.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316) (T.-M.S.)
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Wang TH, Wu CC, Huang KY, Leu YL, Yang SC, Chen CL, Chen CY. Integrated Omics Analysis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Harboring the EGFR C797S Mutation Reveals the Potential of AXL as a Novel Therapeutic Target in TKI-Resistant Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010111. [PMID: 33396393 PMCID: PMC7795510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology to introduce the EGFR C797S mutation into an NSCLC cell line harboring EGFR L858R/T790M to establish a cellular model for the investigation of the resistance mechanism associated with the acquired C797S mutation and to explore strategies to battle this type of TKI resistance. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes/proteins in the cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation are associated with elevated expression of AXL. Furthermore, we presented evidence that inhibition of AXL is effective in slowing the growth of NSCLC cells harboring EGFR C797S. Our findings suggest that AXL inhibition could be a second-line or a potential adjuvant treatment for NSCLC harboring the EGFR C797S mutation. Abstract Oncogenic mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are responsive to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, NSCLC patients harboring activating EGFR mutations inevitably develop resistance to TKIs. The acquired EGFR C797S mutation is a known mechanism that confers resistance to third-generation EGFR TKIs such as AZD9291. In this work, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology to knock-in the EGFR C797S mutation into an NSCLC cell line harboring EGFR L858R/T790M. The established cell model was used to investigate the biology and treatment strategy of acquired EGFR C797S mutations. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes/proteins in the cells harboring the EGFR C797S mutation are associated with a mesenchymal-like cell state with elevated expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase. Furthermore, we presented evidence that inhibition of AXL is effective in slowing the growth of NSCLC cells harboring EGFR C797S. Our findings suggest that AXL inhibition could be a second-line or a potential adjuvant treatment for NSCLC harboring the EGFR C797S mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (S.-C.Y.); (C.-L.C.)
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (S.-C.Y.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Ci-Ling Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (S.-C.Y.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-2118999; Fax: +886-3-2118866
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Wang TH, Chen CC, Leu YL, Lee YS, Lian JH, Hsieh HL, Chen CY. Palbociclib induces DNA damage and inhibits DNA repair to induce cellular senescence and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 120:1695-1705. [PMID: 33342707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Palbociclib is an FDA-approved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor that has been clinically proven to be effective in breast cancer. However, its use in oral cancer is not well researched. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of palbociclib against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and explored the mechanism of inhibition. METHODS The effects of palbociclib on the cytotoxicity of OSCC cells were determined by MTT and colony formation assays. β-Galactosidase staining and cell-cycle analysis were used to determine palbociclib-induced cellular senescence and apoptosis of OSCC cells. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to assess the effects of palbociclib treatment on migration and invasion ability of OSCC cells. Whole transcriptome sequencing was conducted to show the relationship between DNA damage repair of OSCC cells and palbociclib treatment. Palbociclib-induced DNA damage and repair capacity of OSCC cells were confirmed by comet assay and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Western blotting was used to verify the palbociclib-mediated changes in the CDK/pRB/c-Myc/CDC25A pathway. Finally, in vitro findings were tested in a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS Our results showed that palbociclib can significantly inhibit the growth, migration, and invasive ability of OSCC cells and can accelerate cellular senescence and apoptosis. We found that palbociclib induced DNA damage and p21 expression through the p53-independent pathway, thereby downregulating c-Myc and CDC25A expression to inhibit cell cycle progression. In addition, palbociclib downregulated RAD51 expression to inhibit DNA damage repair ability of OSCC cell. CONCLUSION Palbociclib was found to have anti-oral squamous cell carcinoma activity and to simultaneously induce DNA damage and inhibit its repair, and to accelerated cellular senescence and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, 5 De Ming Rd., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Hau Lian
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan.
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25
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Chiu KC, Shih YH, Wang TH, Lan WC, Li PJ, Jhuang HS, Hsia SM, Shen YW, Yuan-Chien Chen M, Shieh TM. In vitro antimicrobial and antipro-inflammation potential of honokiol and magnolol against oral pathogens and macrophages. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 120:827-837. [PMID: 32978046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Honokiol and magnolol are natural components isolated from Magnolia bark that is used in traditional Chinese and Japanese herbal medicine. These two isomers are used as a component of dietary supplements and cosmetic products. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of honokiol and magnolol on pathogens causing oral diseases, their mechanism of action in biofilm formation and drug resistance of oral pathogens, and inflammatory regulation in mammalian cells. METHODS We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of honokiol and magnolol, and their stability at different temperatures and pH. We also evaluated their effect on biofilm formation, antibiotic-resistance gene expression in MRSA, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in mammalian cells. RESULTS Honokiol showed better antimicrobial activity than magnolol. Both honokiol and magnolol showed stable bacterial inhibitory activity over a wide range of temperature and pH, reduced biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance in oral pathogens. The biofilm formation- and antibiotic resistance-related gene expression was consistent with the respective phenotypes. Furthermore, these two isomers repressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence of the potential application of honokiol and magnolol in dental medicine to cure or prevent oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Syu Jhuang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Shen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yuan-Chien Chen
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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26
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Shih YH, Chiu KC, Wang TH, Lan WC, Tsai BH, Wu LJ, Hsia SM, Shieh TM. Effects of melatonin to arecoline-induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 120:668-678. [PMID: 32800657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Arecoline, the major alkaloid of areca nut, is known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage during oral cancer progression. This study aim to evaluate whether melatonin, an antioxidant, supported or repressed the arecoline-induced carcinogenesis phenotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The cytotoxicity of arecoline or melatonin treatment alone and their co-treatment in the OSCC cell line OEC-M1 were analyzed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cell cycle, cell death, and total ROS production were analyzed using flow cytometer. The protein expression was determined using western blot analysis. The genotoxicity and mutation rate were determined using micronucleus assay and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) forward mutation assay, respectively, in CHO-K1 cells. The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) promoter activity and DNA repair ability were determined through reporter assay. RESULTS The result showed that both the arecoline and melatonin induced ROS production and antioxidant enzymes expression. Melatonin treatment enhanced arecoline-induced ROS production, cytotoxicity, G2/M phase arrest, and cell apoptosis in OSCC cells. On the other hand, melatonin treatment activated DNA repair activity to reverse arecoline-induced DNA damage and mutation. CONCLUSION These results indicated that melatonin is a potential chemopreventive agent for betel quid chewers to prevent OSCC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bi-He Tsai
- Department of Oral Hygiene, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jia Wu
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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27
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Chen CY, Fang JY, Chen CC, Chuang WY, Leu YL, Ueng SH, Wei LS, Cheng SF, Hsueh C, Wang TH. 2-O-Methylmagnolol, a Magnolol Derivative, Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Inhibiting Class I Histone Deacetylase Expression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1319. [PMID: 32850418 PMCID: PMC7431949 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolia officinalis is widely used in Southeast Asian countries for the treatment of fever, headache, diarrhea, and stroke. Magnolol is a phenolic compound extracted from M. officinalis, with proven antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, we modified magnolol to synthesize a methoxylated derivative, 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1), and investigated the use of MM1, and magnolol in the treatment of liver cancer. We found that both magnolol and MM1 exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and halted the cell cycle at the G1 phase. MM1 also demonstrated a substantially better tumor-suppressive effect than magnolol. Further analysis suggested that by inhibiting class I histone deacetylase expression in HCC cell lines, magnolol and MM1 induced p21 expression and p53 activation, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inhibiting HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Subsequently, we verified the significant tumor-suppressive effects of magnolol and MM1 in an animal model. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the anti-HCC activities of magnolol and MM1 and their potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Shan Wei
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Cheng
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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28
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Chen CY, Lin YH, Wang TH, Wu CC. Abstract B50: HnRNP A3 regulates the nuclear EGFR localization and cancer progression. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.camodels2020-b50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aberrant subcellular translocation and distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents a major yet underappreciated cancer development mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the subcellular interactome of EGFR by free labeling approaches combined with LC-MS/MS, aiming to understand the associated protein networks involved in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC. A total of 54, 77, and 63 EGFR-interacting proteins were identified specifically in the cytosol, mitochondria, and nucleus fractions, respectively. Pathway-wise analyses of these proteins using the KEGG database revealed that the proteins interacting with cytosolic and nuclear EGFR proteins are involved in pathways of ribosome and spliceosome, respectively. The EGFR-interacting proteins in mitochondria are involved in the metabolism of propanoate, fatty acid, valine, leucine, and isoleucine. One of the nuclear EGFR-interacting proteins, hnRNP A3, was shown in this work to modulate the accumulation of nuclear EGFR. Downregulation of hnRNP A3 reduced the nuclear EGFR accumulation and was accompanied with reduced tumor growth ability both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that variations in the subcellular translocation and distribution of EGFR within NSCLC cells could affect tumor progression.
Citation Format: Chi-Yuan Chen, Yu-Han Lin, Tong-Hong Wang, Chih-Ching Wu. HnRNP A3 regulates the nuclear EGFR localization and cancer progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolving Landscape of Cancer Modeling; 2020 Mar 2-5; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- 1Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan,
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- 1Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan,
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29
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Wu T, Kang SC, Feng W, Fu H, Zhu XH, Wang XJ, Dai PJ, Wang TH, Bai H, Xi R, Zhang Q, Xue X, Xiang DW. [A case report of aplastic anemia accompanied with COVID-19]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:340. [PMID: 32145715 PMCID: PMC7364915 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Wu
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - S C Kang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - W Feng
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - H Fu
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - X H Zhu
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - X J Wang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - P J Dai
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - T H Wang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - H Bai
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - R Xi
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - Q Zhang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - X Xue
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - D W Xiang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430050, China
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30
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Chi CP, Hou CW, Wu YY, Wang TH, Yu SH. Night time resistance exercise alters muscular IL-6-related protein signaling, but not muscle growth after 10 weeks of resistance training in male rats. Gen Physiol Biophys 2020; 39:89-98. [PMID: 32039828 DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2019047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the time-of-day effects on acute response and chronic adaptations to resistance exercise (RE) in rat skeletal muscle. Male rats were divided into Early and Late training groups and performed climbing RE during the first or last hour of the active (dark) period, respectively. The first experiment measured muscle mass and strength after a 10-week climbing training program. The second experiment examined inflammatory signaling response and satellite cell (SC) numbers following an acute bout of RE. The results showed no significant differences between rats training at early and late active periods in relative muscle weight (muscle-to-weight ratio), cross sectional area (CSA) and strength. The acute study observed increased STAT1 phosphorylation, oxidative stress (2-thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, TBARS), SCs (Pax7+), neutrophils (His48+) and macrophages (CD68+), and decreased interleukin 6 (IL-6) protein expression of skeletal muscle relative to non-exercise control after an acute bout of RE. Interestingly, higher plasma IL-6 and STAT3 phosphorylation response was observed in the late training group when compared to the early training group after an acute bout of RE. The results of this study suggest that animals can adapt to resistance training at different time-of-day, by modulating inflammatory signaling of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Chi
- Center of General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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31
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Lin PH, Chiang YF, Shieh TM, Chen HY, Shih CK, Wang TH, Wang KL, Huang TC, Hong YH, Li SC, Hsia SM. Dietary Compound Isoliquiritigenin, an Antioxidant from Licorice, Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Growth via Apoptotic Death Program Activation in Cell and Xenograft Animal Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030228. [PMID: 32164337 PMCID: PMC7139602 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer have few therapeutic strategy options. In this study, we investigated the effect of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) on the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells. We found that treatment with ISL inhibited triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) cell growth and increased cytotoxicity. ISL reduced cell cycle progression through the reduction of cyclin D1 protein expression and increased the sub-G1 phase population. The ISL-induced apoptotic cell population was observed by flow cytometry analysis. The expression of Bcl-2 protein was reduced by ISL treatment, whereas the Bax protein level increased; subsequently, the downstream signaling molecules caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) were activated. Moreover, ISL reduced the expression of total and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), ULK1, and cathepsin B, whereas the expression of autophagic-associated proteins p62, Beclin1, and LC3 was increased. The decreased cathepsin B cause the p62 accumulation to induce caspase-8 mediated apoptosis. In vivo studies further showed that preventive treatment with ISL could inhibit breast cancer growth and induce apoptotic and autophagic-mediated apoptosis cell death. Taken together, ISL exerts an effect on the inhibition of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell growth through autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Therefore, future studies of ISL as a supplement or alternative therapeutic agent for clinical trials against breast cancer are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Chun-Kuang Shih
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung City 20301, Taiwan;
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Sing-Chung Li
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-K.S.); (S.-C.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6558)
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Wang TH, Chen J, Wang GX, Lin X, Bao LJ, Zhao YM, Gu YQ, Liu N. [Prognosis analysis of 112 cases with Japanese encephalitis in adults]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:541-545. [PMID: 32164108 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the improvement of clinical symptoms and recovery of neurological function in adult Japanese encephalitis, and study the prognostic factors. Methods: Follow-up was conducted for 112 hospitalized patients with Japanese encephalitis (JE) in adults at the Department of Neurology of three hospitals in Gansu province from July to October 2016, from July to October 2017, 6 months and 1 year after onset, respectively. The neurological functional recovery was evaluated by modified Ranking Scale (mRS).The influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results: Among the 112 adult patients with JE after 1year follow-up, 57% (64/112) were completely recovered (mRS score=0), and 14%(16/112) had mild neurological dysfunction (mRS score=1 or 2 points), 20% (22/112) had moderate to severe neurological dysfunction (mRS score 3 to 5), and 9% (10/112) died. In 102 survivors, decreased consciousness were fully recovered (100%), 75% of the mental and behavior disorders, 64% of cognitive/memory impairment, 71% of language function disorder, 61% of paralysis, 73% of extrapyramidal symptoms were fully recovered, and 92% of the seizures were controlled. Comparison of clinical data of initial on-set between good prognosis group (mRS score≤2, 80 cases) and poor prognosis group (mRS score>2, 32 cases) showed that initial clinical manifestation with seizures, consciousness (GCS score), cerebrospinal fluid pressure, and lesion of MRI involved in midbrain had statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) . Multivariate analysis demonstrated that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure>250 mmH(2)O and lesion of midbrain in MRI were independent risk factors of poor prognosis in adult patients with JE. Conclusion: JE is an acute and infectious viral encephalitis of the central nervous system with high disability and mortality. Most patients were completely recovered, and some had neurological sequelae. CSF pressure>250 mmH(2)O and lesion of midbrain in MRI are independent risk factors for poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - G X Wang
- The First Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui 741000, China
| | - X Lin
- The First Department of Neurology, the First People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Tianshui 741000, China
| | - L J Bao
- Department of Cadre Ward Neurology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y M Zhao
- Department of Cadre Ward Neurology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Q Gu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Chen CY, Chen CC, Chuang WY, Leu YL, Ueng SH, Hsueh C, Yeh CT, Wang TH. Hydroxygenkwanin Inhibits Class I HDAC Expression and Synergistically Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Sorafenib in Liver Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:216. [PMID: 32158695 PMCID: PMC7052045 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression is closely related to cancer development and progression. Many HDAC inhibitors have been widely used in cancer treatment; however, severe side effects often limit their clinical application. In this study, we attempted to identify natural compounds with HDAC inhibitory activity and low physiological toxicity and explored their feasibility and mechanisms of action in liver cancer treatment. A yeast screening system was used to identify natural compounds with HDAC inhibitory activity. Further, western blotting was used to verify inhibitory effects on HDAC in human liver cancer cell lines. Cell functional analysis was used to explore the effects and mechanisms and the in vitro results were verified in BALB/c nude mice. We found that hydroxygenkwanin (HGK), an extract from Daphne genkwa, inhibited class I HDAC expression, and thereby induced expression of tumor suppressor p21 and promoted acetylation and activation of p53 and p65. This resulted in the inhibition of growth, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Animal models revealed that HGK inhibited tumor growth in a synergistic manner with sorafenib. HGK inhibited class I HDAC expression and had low physiological toxicity. It has great potential as an adjuvant for liver cancer treatment and may be used in combination with anticancer drugs like sorafenib to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chuang WY, Chang SH, Yu WH, Yang CK, Yeh CJ, Ueng SH, Liu YJ, Chen TD, Chen KH, Hsieh YY, Hsia Y, Wang TH, Hsueh C, Kuo CF, Yeh CY. Successful Identification of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Nasopharyngeal Biopsies Using Deep Learning. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020507. [PMID: 32098314 PMCID: PMC7072217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) can be challenging since most cases are nonkeratinizing carcinoma with little differentiation and many admixed lymphocytes. Our aim was to evaluate the possibility to identify NPC in nasopharyngeal biopsies using deep learning. A total of 726 nasopharyngeal biopsies were included. Among them, 100 cases were randomly selected as the testing set, 20 cases as the validation set, and all other 606 cases as the training set. All three datasets had equal numbers of NPC cases and benign cases. Manual annotation was performed. Cropped square image patches of 256 × 256 pixels were used for patch-level training, validation, and testing. The final patch-level algorithm effectively identified NPC patches, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.9900. Using gradient-weighted class activation mapping, we demonstrated that the identification of NPC patches was based on morphologic features of tumor cells. At the second stage, whole-slide images were sequentially cropped into patches, inferred with the patch-level algorithm, and reconstructed into images with a smaller size for training, validation, and testing. Finally, the AUC was 0.9848 for slide-level identification of NPC. Our result shows for the first time that deep learning algorithms can identify NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Hsiang Yu
- aetherAI, Co., Ltd., No. 3-2, Yuan-Qu Street, Nangang District, Taipei City 115, Taiwan; (W.-H.Y.); (C.-K.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Kun Yang
- aetherAI, Co., Ltd., No. 3-2, Yuan-Qu Street, Nangang District, Taipei City 115, Taiwan; (W.-H.Y.); (C.-K.Y.)
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua First Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Tai-Di Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Kuang-Hua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Yi-Yin Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Yi Hsia
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
- Department of Pathology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Zhongshan North Road, Zhongshan District, Taipei City 104, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; (W.-Y.C.); (C.-J.Y.); (S.-H.U.); (Y.-J.L.); (T.-D.C.); (K.-H.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.H.); (C.H.)
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua First Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Yuan Yeh
- aetherAI, Co., Ltd., No. 3-2, Yuan-Qu Street, Nangang District, Taipei City 115, Taiwan; (W.-H.Y.); (C.-K.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27856892
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Leu YL, Wang TH, Wu CC, Huang KY, Jiang YW, Hsu YC, Chen CY. Hydroxygenkwanin Suppresses Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Enhancing EGFR Degradation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040941. [PMID: 32093124 PMCID: PMC7070862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed and mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the major type of lung cancer. The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the approved treatment for patients harboring activating mutations in the EGFR kinase. However, most of the patients treated with EGFR-TKIs developed resistance. Therefore, the development of compounds exhibiting unique antitumor activities might help to improve the management of NSCLC patients. The total flavonoids from Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc. have been shown to contain antitumor activity. Here, we have isolated a novel flavonoid hydroxygenkwanin (HGK) that displays selective cytotoxic effects on all of the NSCLC cells tested. In this study, we employed NSCLC cells harboring EGFR mutations and xenograft mouse model to examine the antitumor activity of HGK on TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. The results showed that HGK suppressed cancer cell viability both in vitro and in vivo. Whole-transcriptome analysis suggests that EGFR is a potential upstream regulator that is involved in the gene expression changes affected by HGK. In support of this analysis, we presented evidence that HGK reduced the level of EGFR and inhibited several EGFR-downstream signalings. These results suggest that the antitumor activity of HGK against TKI-resistant NSCLC cells acts by enhancing the degradation of EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-W.J.)
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wen Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-W.J.)
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-3-4227151 (Y.-C.H.); +886-3-2118999 (C.-Y.C.); Fax: +886-3-4226062 (Y.-C.H.); +886-3-2118866 (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (T.-H.W.); (Y.-W.J.)
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.H.); (C.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-3-4227151 (Y.-C.H.); +886-3-2118999 (C.-Y.C.); Fax: +886-3-4226062 (Y.-C.H.); +886-3-2118866 (C.-Y.C.)
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Chou LF, Chen CY, Yang WH, Chen CC, Chang JL, Leu YL, Liou MJ, Wang TH. Suppression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression through FOXM1 and EMT Inhibition via Hydroxygenkwanin-Induced miR-320a Expression. Biomolecules 2019; 10:biom10010020. [PMID: 31877715 PMCID: PMC7022487 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Daphne genkwa, a Chinese medicinal herb, is used frequently in Southeast Asian countries to treat diseases; the flavonoid hydroxygenkwanin (HGK) is extracted from its flower buds. The bioactivity of HGK, particularly as an anti-liver cancer agent, has not been explored. In this study, human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and an animal xenograft model were employed to investigate both the activity of HGK against liver cancer and its cellular signaling mechanisms. HCC cells treated with HGK were subjected to cell function assays. Whole transcriptome sequencing was used to identify genes whose expression was influenced by HGK, and the flavonoid’s cancer suppression mechanisms were further investigated through gain- and loss-of-function assays. Finally, in vitro findings were tested in a mouse xenograft model. The data showed that HGK induced the expression of the microRNA miR-320a, which in turn inhibited the expression of the transcription factor ‘forkhead box protein M1’ (FOXM1) and downstream FOXM1-regulated proteins related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition, thereby leading to the suppression of liver cancer cell growth and invasion. Significant inhibition of tumor growth was also observed in HGK-treated mice. Hence, the present study demonstrated the activity of HGK against liver cancer and validated its potential use as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsin-chu 31064, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin-chu 30015, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Junn-Liang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Tao-Yuan 32551, Taiwan;
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Ming Chuan University, Tao-Yuan 33348, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan;
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Miaw-Jene Liou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 33303, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 5412)
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Wang TH, Leu YL, Chen CC, Shieh TM, Lian JH, Chen CY. Psorachromene Suppresses Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Inhibiting Long Non-coding RNA GAS5 Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1168. [PMID: 31750253 PMCID: PMC6848597 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (P. corylifolia) have been shown to display anti-tumor activity. However, the prospects of the active compounds from this plant in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. In the present study, the antitumor effects of psorachromene, a flavonoid extracted from the seeds of P. corylifolia, were investigated using cells and animal models of OSCC; the downstream regulatory mechanisms were also elucidated. The results showed that psorachromene significantly repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness and increased the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents against OSCC cells. The repressive effects of psorachromene were attributable to the inhibition of EGFR-Slug signaling, and the induction of G2/M arrest and apoptosis in the OSCC cells. Additionally, we found that psorachromene induced the expression of tumor suppressor long non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) and the activation of its downstream anticancer mechanisms. Animal experiments also showed noticeable inhibition of tumor growth, without significant physiological toxicity. The findings indicate that psorachromene displays anti-tumor activity in OSCC, and warrants further investigation as a potential agent for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Hau Lian
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Wang TH, Chen CC, Huang KY, Shih YM, Chen CY. High levels of EGFR prevent sulforaphane-induced reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Phytomedicine 2019; 64:152926. [PMID: 31454652 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC cells harboring constitutively active EGFR mutations are more sensitive to SFN treatment than cells with wild-type EGFR, but whether NSCLC cells with high levels of EGFR expression are more resistant or sensitive to SFN treatment is not known. STUDY DESIGN We employed a pair of cell lines, CL1-0 and CL1-5, which have the same genetic background but different levels of EGFR expression, to examine the effects of high EGFR level in the sensitivity to SFN. METHODS The effect of SFN on cell viability and tumorigenicity was examined by trypan blue dye-exclusion assay, clonogenic assays, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting in vitro as well as tumorigenicity study in vivo. ROS levels in cells were assessed by flow cytometry using the ROS-reactive fluorescent indicator CM-H2DCFDA. Knockdown of EGFR in CL1-5 cells was infected with an EGFR-targeting small hairpin (interfering) RNA (shRNA)-containing lentivirus. RESULTS We present evidence that cells with high-level EGFR expression (CL1-5) are more resistant to SFN treatment than those with low-level expression (CL1-0). SFN treatment produced a similar increase in ROS and caused arrest of a cell population at S-phase accompanied by the induction of γH2AX, a DNA damage-response marker, in both cell sublines. However, SFN induced apoptosis only in the high-EGFR-expressing CL1-0 subline. Pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented SFN-induced apoptosis in CL1-0 cells and production of γH2AX in both CL1-0 and CL1-5 cells. shRNA-mediated knockdown of EGFR in CL1-5 cells rendered the cells susceptible to SFN-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION The cellular effects produced by SFN in NSCLC cells are largely mediated by SFN-induced production of ROS. Cells with higher levels of EGFR were more resistant to SFN treatment and showed resistance to SFN-induced apoptosis, suggesting that high EGFR levels protect cells from SFN-induced apoptosis. Despite this, we found that SFN retained the ability to inhibit the growth of NSCLC tumors with high-level EGFR expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Min Shih
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
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Kuo CH, Leu YL, Wang TH, Tseng WC, Feng CH, Wang SH, Chen CC. A novel DNA repair inhibitor, diallyl disulfide (DADS), impairs DNA resection during DNA double-strand break repair by reducing Sae2 and Exo1 levels. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102690. [PMID: 31479843 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Combining natural products with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy may increase the efficacy of cancer treatment. It has been hypothesized that natural products may inhibit DNA repair and sensitize cancer cells to DNA damage-based cancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities remain unclear. In this study, we found that diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organosulfur compound, increased the sensitivity of yeast cells to DNA damage and has potential for development as an adjuvant drug for DNA damage-based cancer therapy. We induced HO endonuclease to generate a specific DNA double-strand break (DSB) by adding galactose to yeast and used this system to study how DADS affects DNA repair. In this study, we found that DADS inhibited DNA repair in single-strand annealing (SSA) system and sensitized SSA cells to a single DSB. DADS impaired DNA repair by inhibiting the protein levels of the DNA resection-related proteins Sae2 and Exo1. We also found that the recruitment of MRX and the Mec1-Ddc2 complex to a DSB was prevented by DADS. This result suggests that DADS counteracts G2/M DNA damage checkpoint activation in a Mec1 (ATR)- and Tel1 (ATM)-dependent manner. Only by elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which DADS influences DNA repair will we be able to discover new adjuvant drugs to improve chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hsin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Feng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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40
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Tu MG, Sun KT, Wang TH, He YZ, Hsia SM, Tsai BH, Shih YH, Shieh TM. Effects of mineral trioxide aggregate and bioceramics on macrophage differentiation and polarization in vitro. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 118:1458-1465. [PMID: 31358435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Mineral trioxide aggregate (Pro-Root MTA, PR-MTA) and bioceramics (iRoot® SP Injectable Root Canal Sealer, iR-BC) are used for making apical plugs used in apexification, repairing root perforations during root canal therapy, and treating internal root resorption. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare the biological effects of PR-MTA- and iR-BC-based dental sealers in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. METHODS Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell hemocytometer, respectively. Protein expression of biomarkers of cell proliferation, autophagy, and osteoclast differentiation was determined by western blotting. Pro-inflammatory gene expression was examined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS PR-MTA induced cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and iR-BC was more cytotoxic than PR-MTA. Low-dose and short-term treatments of both PR-MTA and iR-BC induced RAW 264.7 cell proliferation. PR-MTA induced autophagy, whereas iR-BC did not. Neither PR-MTA nor iR-BC induced osteoclastogenesis. Pro-inflammatory genes were activated by both materials. However, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was upregulated by iR-BC treatment, but not by PR-MTA treatment. CONCLUSION Overall, dental PR-MTA and iR-BC induced pro-inflammatory genes but did not induce osteoclastogenesis in macrophages. PR-MTA and iR-BC induced M2 and M1 polarization, respectively, of RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gene Tu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ting Sun
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Zhen He
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-He Tsai
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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41
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Surrette C, Scherer B, Corwin A, Grossmann G, Kaushik AM, Hsieh K, Zhang P, Liao JC, Wong PK, Wang TH, Puleo CM. Rapid Microbiology Screening in Pharmaceutical Workflows. SLAS Technol 2019; 23:387-394. [PMID: 30027813 DOI: 10.1177/2472630318779758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently advances in miniaturization and automation have been utilized to rapidly decrease the time to result for microbiology testing in the clinic. These advances have been made due to the limitations of conventional culture-based microbiology methods, including agar plate and microbroth dilution, which have long turnaround times and require physicians to treat patients empirically with antibiotics before test results are available. Currently, there exist similar limitations in pharmaceutical sterility and bioburden testing, where the long turnaround times associated with standard microbiology testing drive costly inefficiencies in workflows. These include the time lag associated with sterility screening within drug production lines and the warehousing cost and time delays within supply chains during product testing. Herein, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept combination of a rapid microfluidic assay and an efficient cell filtration process that enables a path toward integrating rapid tests directly into pharmaceutical microbiological screening workflows. We demonstrate separation and detection of Escherichia coli directly captured and analyzed from a mammalian (i.e., CHO) cell culture with a 3.0 h incubation. The demonstration is performed using a membrane filtration module that is compatible with sampling from bioreactors, enabling in-line sampling and process monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Surrette
- 1 Electronics Organization, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - B Scherer
- 1 Electronics Organization, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - A Corwin
- 1 Electronics Organization, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - G Grossmann
- 2 Biology and Physics, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - A M Kaushik
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K Hsieh
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Zhang
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J C Liao
- 4 Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - P K Wong
- 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - T H Wang
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C M Puleo
- 1 Electronics Organization, GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
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42
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Wang TH, Fang JY, Wu SJ, Liu YW, Chan CW, Chuang SY, Chen CY. 2-O-Methylmagnolol Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits IL-6/STAT3 Signaling in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:883-892. [DOI: 10.1159/000494474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: 2-O-methylmagnolol (MM1), a derivative of magnolol bearing one methoxy moiety, has been shown to display improved anti-tumor activity against skin cancers. In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of magnolol and MM1 on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: Trypane blue staining and clonogenic assays were performed to determine the cytotoxic effects of magnolol and MM1 in OSCC cells. Migration and matrigel invasion assays were carried out to examine the metastasis effects of magnolol and MM1 in OSCC cells. IL6-stimulation, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the IL-6/STAT3 signaling and apoptosis. A bioluminescent mouse model of orthotopically implanted SAS cells was used to determine the anti-tumor activity of MM1 in vivo. Results: MM1 displays greater activity than magnolol on affecting the cytotoxicity, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells cultured in vitro. The improved anti-tumor activity of MM1 was shown to associate with its greater activity to inhibit STAT3 signaling and to induce apoptosis in the OSCC. In addition, we presented evidence that MM1 is effective in inhibiting the growth of orthotopic implanted OSCC cells in vivo. Conclusion: Our data indicate that MM1 displays greater anti-tumor activity than magnolol in OSCC and is an attractive agent to be further explored for its potential clinical application.
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Wang TH, Wang SY, Wang XD, Jiang HQ, Yang YQ, Wang Y, Cheng JL, Zhang CT, Liang WW, Feng HL. Fisetin Exerts Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects in Multiple Mutant hSOD1 Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Activating ERK. Neuroscience 2018; 379:152-166. [PMID: 29559385 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress exhibits a central role in the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease commonly found to include a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutation. Fisetin, a natural antioxidant, has shown benefits in varied neurodegenerative diseases. The possible effect of fisetin in ALS has not been clarified as of yet. We investigated whether fisetin affected mutant hSOD1 ALS models. Three different hSOD1-related mutant models were used: Drosophila expressing mutant hSOD1G85R, hSOD1G93A NSC34 cells, and transgenic mice. Fisetin treatment provided neuroprotection as demonstrated by an improved survival rate, attenuated motor impairment, reduced ROS damage and regulated redox homeostasis compared with those in controls. Furthermore, fisetin increased the expression of phosphorylated ERK and upregulated antioxidant factors, which were reversed by MEK/ERK inhibition. Finally, fisetin reduced the levels of both mutant and wild-type hSOD1 in vivo and in vitro, as well as the levels of detergent-insoluble hSOD1 proteins. The results indicate that fisetin protects cells from ROS damage and improves the pathological behaviors caused by oxidative stress in disease models related to SOD1 gene mutations probably by activating ERK, thereby providing a potential treatment for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - X D Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - H Q Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Y Q Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - J L Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - C T Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - W W Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - H L Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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44
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Ho JY, Hsu RJ, Wu CH, Liao GS, Gao HW, Wang TH, Yu CP. Reduced miR-550a-3p leads to breast cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis by increasing levels of ERK1 and 2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53853-53868. [PMID: 27462780 PMCID: PMC5288226 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the Ras/ERK pathway contributes to breast cancer initiation and progression, and recent evidence suggests aberrant signaling of miRNAs that regulate the Ras/ERK pathway play important roles during carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In this study, we demonstrate that miR-550a-3p expression is negatively correlated with levels of ERK1 and ERK2, two pivotal effectors in the Ras/ERK pathway. MiR-550a-3p gradually decreased during breast cancer initiation and progression and this reduction was a prognostic indicator of poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among breast cancer patients. Our mechanistic studies demonstrated that miR-550a-3p exerts its tumor-suppressor role by directly repressing ERK1 and ERK2 protein expression, thereby suppressing the oncogenic ERK/RSK cascades, which reduced breast cancer cell viability, survival, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The inhibitory effects of miR-550a-3p were rescued by ectopic expression of ERK1 and/or ERK2. The novel connection between miR-550a-3p and ERK defines a new diagnostic and prognostic role for miR-550a-3p and highlights ERK inhibition as a candidate therapeutic target for breast cancers exhibiting hyperactivated Ras/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jar-Yi Ho
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biobank Management Center of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsi Wu
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shiou Liao
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Gao
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Yu
- Department of Pathology, and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biobank Management Center of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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45
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Wang TH, Yu CC, Lin YS, Chen TC, Yeh CT, Liang KH, Shieh TM, Chen CY, Hsueh C. Long noncoding RNA CPS1-IT1 suppresses the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating HIF-1α activity and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43588-43603. [PMID: 27248828 PMCID: PMC5190046 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, increasing numbers of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), with both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive potential, have been found to be aberrantly expressed in various human cancers. However, the function of lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed a comprehensive microarray analysis of lncRNA expression using human HCC specimens. After validation in 119 human HCC tissues, we identified a novel tumor suppressor lncRNA, CPS1 intronic transcript 1 (CPS1-IT1). To elucidate the clinical significance of CPS1-IT1 in HCC, correlations between CPS1-IT1 levels, clinical parameters, and survival outcomes were analyzed. In vitro and in vivo functional assays were also performed to dissect the potential underlying mechanisms. Expression of CPS1-IT1 was significantly decreased in 73% of HCC tissues, and patients with low CPS1-IT1 expression had poor survival outcomes. Furthermore, in vitro functional assays indicated that CPS1-IT1 significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion capacities through reduced Hsp90 binding to and activation of HIF-1α, thereby suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). An in vivo animal model also demonstrated the tumor suppressor role of CPS1- IT1 via decreased tumor growth and metastasis. In conclusion, lncRNA CPS1-IT1 acts as a tumor suppressor in HCC by reducing HIF-1α activation and suppressing EMT. The findings of this study establish a function for CPS1-IT1 in HCC progression and suggest its potential as a new prognostic biomarker and target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Shiang Lin
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ching Chen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hao Liang
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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46
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Chen CY, Jan CI, Pi WC, Wang WL, Yang PC, Wang TH, Karni R, Wang TCV. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A1 and A2 modulate expression of Tid1 isoforms and EGFR signaling in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16760-72. [PMID: 26919236 PMCID: PMC4941349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tid1 protein is a DnaJ co-chaperone that has two alternative splicing isoforms: Tid1 long form (Tid1-L) and Tid1 short form (Tid1-S). Recent studies have shown that Tid1-L functions as a tumor suppressor by decreasing EGFR signaling in various cancers, including head and neck cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the molecular mechanism responsible for regulating the alternative splicing of Tid1 is not yet known. Two splicing factors, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP) A1 and A2, participate in alternative splicing and are known to be overexpressed in lung cancers. In this work, we examined if hnRNP A1 and A2 could regulate the alternative splicing of Tid1 to modulate tumorigenesis in NSCLC. We report that RNAi-mediated depletion of both hnRNP A1/A2 (but not single depletion of either) increased Tid1-L expression, inhibited cell proliferation and attenuated EGFR signaling. Analyses of the expression levels of hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2, EGFR and Tid1-L in NSCLC tissues revealed that hnRNP A1 and A2 are positively correlated with EGFR, but negatively correlated with Tid1-L. NSCLC patients with high-level expression of hnRNP A1, hnRNP A2 and EGFR combined with low-level expression of Tid1-L were associated with poor overall survival. Taken together, our results suggest that hnRNP A1 or A2 are both capable of facilitating the alternative splicing of exon 11 in the Tid1 pre-mRNA, thereby suppressing the expression of Tid1-L and allowing EGFR-related signaling to facilitate NSCLC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ing Jan
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, China Medical University and Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan 651, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chieh Pi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lung Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.,Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Rotem Karni
- The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tzu-Chien V Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
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47
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Chen CY, Chang PC, Wang TH, Wang TCV. The in vivo anti-leukemia activity of N-(1-Pyrenlyl) maleimide in a bioluminescent mouse model. Leuk Res 2017; 62:64-69. [PMID: 28987819 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In a search for anticancer drugs by screening for inhibitors of telomerase, we have identified several small-molecule inhibitors that selectively inhibit telomerase in a cell-free system. Among these inhibitors, N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide (NPM) induced apoptosis and displayed the greatest differential cytotoxicity against acute T cell leukemia-derived Jurkat cells cultured in vitro. In this work, the in vivo anti-leukemia activity of NPM was investigated using a bioluminescent mouse model. The luciferase-expressing Jurkat cells (Jurkat-Luc) were mixed with matrigel and injected subcutaneously into the nude mice. Drug treatment was commenced on day 7 after tumor implantation. The growth of xenografted tumors was significantly inhibited in the mice treated with NPM, which is comparable to the inhibitory effect of a classical anti-leukemia drug, cyclophosphamide. Combined treatment with NPM and cyclophosphamide further enhanced the growth inhibition of xenografted Jurkat-Luc cells. Immunohistochemistry staining with cleaved caspase 3 (cl-caspase 3) indicated a very heavy staining of cl-caspase 3 only in the tumor implants excised from the NPM-treated mice. We conclude that NPM induced apoptosis and inhibited the growth of xenografted Jurkat-Luc cells in nude mice, demonstrating that NPM displays anti-leukemia activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien V Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan.
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48
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Wang TH, Chen CC, Liang KH, Chen CY, Chuang WY, Ueng SH, Chu PH, Huang CG, Chen TC, Hsueh C. A Multivariate Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Quality of Freshly Frozen Tissue Specimens. Biopreserv Biobank 2017; 15:344-349. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2016.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hao Liang
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Healthcare Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ching Chen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taiwan
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Wang TH, Wu CH, Yeh CT, Su SC, Hsia SM, Liang KH, Chen CC, Hsueh C, Chen CY. Melatonin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression via lncRNA-CPS1-IT-mediated HIF-1α inactivation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82280-82293. [PMID: 29137263 PMCID: PMC5669889 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is the primary pineal hormone that relays light/dark cycle information to the circadian system. It was recently reported to exert intrinsic antitumor activity in various cancers. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of melatonin are poorly understood. Moreover, a limited number of studies have addressed the role of melatonin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major life-threatening malignancy in both sexes in Taiwan. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of melatonin in HCC and explored the regulatory mechanisms underlying these effects. We observed that melatonin significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells and significantly induced the expression of the transcription factor FOXA2 in HCC cells. This increase in FOXA2 expression resulted in upregulation of lncRNA-CPS1 intronic transcript 1 (CPS1-IT1), which reduced HIF-1α activity and consequently resulted in the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression and HCC metastasis. Furthermore, the results of the in vivo experiments confirmed that melatonin exerts tumor suppressive effects by reducing tumor growth. In conclusion, our findings suggested that melatonin inhibited HCC progression by reducing lncRNA-CPS1-IT1-mediated EMT suppression and indicated that melatonin could be a promising treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Wu
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hao Liang
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chen
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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50
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Shin DJ, Athamanolap P, Chen L, Hardick J, Lewis M, Hsieh YH, Rothman RE, Gaydos CA, Wang TH. Mobile nucleic acid amplification testing (mobiNAAT) for Chlamydia trachomatis screening in hospital emergency department settings. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4495. [PMID: 28674410 PMCID: PMC5495747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04781-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of curable sexually-transmitted infections (STI) such as Chlamydia can be revolutionized by highly sensitive nucleic acid testing that is deployable at the point-of-care (POC). Here we report the development of a mobile nucleic acid amplification testing (mobiNAAT) platform utilizing a mobile phone and droplet magnetofluidics to deliver NAAT in a portable and accessible format. By using magnetic particles as a mobile substrate for nucleic acid capture and transport, fluid handling is reduced to particle translocation on a simple magnetofluidic cartridge assembled with reagents for nucleic acid purification and amplification. A mobile phone user interface operating in tandem with a portable Bluetooth-enabled cartridge-processing unit facilitates process integration. We tested 30 potentially Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)-infected patients in a hospital emergency department and confirmed that mobiNAAT showed 100% concordance with laboratory-based NAAT. Concurrent evaluation by a nontechnical study coordinator who received brief training via an embedded mobile app module demonstrated ease of use and reproducibility of the platform. This work demonstrates the potential of mobile nucleic acid testing in bridging the diagnostic gap between centralized laboratories and hospital emergency departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - P Athamanolap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - L Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - J Hardick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - M Lewis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Y H Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - R E Rothman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - C A Gaydos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - T H Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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