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Graham TR, Wei Y, Walter ED, Nienhuis ET, Chun J, Schenter GK, Rosso KM, Pearce CI, Clark AE. Tracking nitrite's deviation from Stokes-Einstein predictions with pulsed field gradient 15N NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14407-14410. [PMID: 37975198 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04168a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the behavior of oxyanions in radioactive waste stored at the Department of Energy legacy nuclear sites requires the development of novel analytical methods. This work demonstrates 15N pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify the diffusivity of nitrite. Experimental results, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, indicate that the diffusivity of free hydrated nitrite exceeds that of free hydrated sodium despite the greater hydrodynamic radius of nitrite. Investigations are underway to understand how the compositional and dynamical heterogeneities of the ion networks at high concentrations affect rheological and transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
| | - Yihui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | - Eric D Walter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
| | - Emily T Nienhuis
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
| | | | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA.
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
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2
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Wei Y, Nienhuis ET, Mergelsberg ST, Graham TR, Guo Q, Schenter GK, Pearce CI, Clark AE. Cation coordination polyhedra lead to multiple lengthscale organization in aqueous electrolytes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10400-10403. [PMID: 37551780 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02416d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding multiple lengthscale correlations in the pair distribution functions (PDFs) of aq. electrolytes is a persistent challenge. Here, the coordination chemistry of polyoxoanions supports an ion-network of cation-coordination polyhedra in NaNO3(aq) and NaNO2(aq) that induce long-range solution structure. Oxygen correlations associated with Na+-coordination polyhedra have two characteristics lengthscales; 3.5-5.5 Å and 5.5-7.5 Å, the latter solely associated oligomers. The PDF contraction between 5.5-7.5 Å observed in many electrolytes is attributed to the distinct O⋯O correlation found in dimers and dimer subunits within oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | | | | | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | | | | | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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3
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Nienhuis ET, Graham TR, D'Annunzio NL, Kowalska MI, LaVerne JA, Orlando TM, Reynolds JG, Camaioni DM, Rosso KM, Pearce CI, Walter ED. Cations impact radical reaction dynamics in concentrated multicomponent aqueous solutions. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2895603. [PMID: 37306956 DOI: 10.1063/5.0153132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrite ions (NO2-) in aqueous solutions produces a suite of radicals, viz., NO·, O-, ·OH, and ·NO2. The O- and NO· radicals are initially formed from the dissociation of photoexcited NO2-. The O- radical undergoes reversible proton transfer with water to generate ·OH. Both ·OH and O- oxidize the NO2- to ·NO2 radicals. The reactions of ·OH occur at solution diffusion limits, which are influenced by the nature of the dissolved cations and anions. Here, we systematically varied the alkali metal cation, spanning the range from strongly to weakly hydrating ions, and measured the production of NO·, ·OH, and ·NO2 radicals during UV photolysis of alkaline nitrite solutions using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with nitromethane spin trapping. Comparing the data for the different alkali cations revealed that the nature of the cation had a significant effect on production of all three radical species. Radical production was inhibited in solutions with high charge density cations, e.g., lithium, and promoted in solutions containing low charge density cations, e.g., cesium. Through complementary investigations with multinuclear single pulse direct excitation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and pulsed field gradient NMR diffusometry, cation-controlled solution structures and extent of NO2- solvation were determined to alter the initial yields of ·NO and ·OH radicals as well as alter the reactivity of NO2- toward ·OH, impacting the production of ·NO2. The implications of these results for the retrieval and processing of low-water, highly alkaline solutions that comprise legacy radioactive waste are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily T Nienhuis
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, 2435 Stevens Center Pl., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Nicolas L D'Annunzio
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Malgorzata I Kowalska
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Jay A LaVerne
- Radiation Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, 102 Radiation Research Building, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Thomas M Orlando
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jacob G Reynolds
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, 2435 Stevens Center Pl., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Donald M Camaioni
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646420, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Eric D Walter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, Washington 99354, USA
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4
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Graham TR, Pouvreau M, Gorniak R, Wang HW, Nienhuis ET, Miller QRS, Liu J, Prange MP, Schenter GK, Pearce CI, Rosso KM, Clark AE. Disordered interfaces of alkaline aluminate salt hydrates provide glimpses of Al 3+ coordination changes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:326-339. [PMID: 36706728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The precipitation and dissolution of aluminum-bearing mineral phases in aqueous systems often proceed via changes in both aluminum coordination number and connectivity, complicating molecular-scale interpretation of the transformation mechanism. Here, the thermally induced transformation of crystalline sodium aluminum salt hydrate, a phase comprised of monomeric octahedrally coordinated aluminate which is of relevance to industrial aluminum processing, has been studied. Because intermediate aluminum coordination states during melting have not previously been detected, it is hypothesized that the transition to lower coordinated aluminum ions occurs within ahighly disordered quasi-two-dimensional phase at the solid-solution interface. EXPERIMENTS AND SIMULATIONS In situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to monitor the melting transition of nonasodium aluminate hydrate (NSA, Na9[Al(OH)6]2·3(OH)·6H2O). A mechanistic interpretation was developed based on complementary classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations including enhanced sampling. A reactive forcefield was developed to bridge speciation in the solution and in the solid phase. FINDINGS In contrast to classical dissolution, aluminum coordination change proceeds through a dynamically stabilized ensemble of intermediate states in a disordered layer at the solid-solution interface. In both melting and dissolution of NSA, octahedral, monomeric aluminum transition through an intermediate of pentahedral coordination. The intermediate dehydroxylates to form tetrahedral aluminate (Al(OH)4-) in the liquid phase. This coordination change is concomitant with a breaking of the ionic aluminate-sodium ionlinkages. The solution phase Al(OH)4- ions subsequently polymerize into polynuclear aluminate ions. However, there are some differences between bulk melting and interfacial dissolution, with the onset of the surface-controlled process occurring at a lower temperature (∼30 °C) and the coordination change taking place more gradually as a function of temperature. This work to determine the local structure and dynamics of aluminum in the disordered layer provides a new basis to understand mechanisms controlling aluminum phase transformations in highly alkaline solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Maxime Pouvreau
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Rafal Gorniak
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA; Department of Physical Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Hsiu-Wen Wang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Quin R S Miller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Micah P Prange
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | | | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA; Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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5
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Hall GB, Campbell EL, Bessen NP, Graham TR, Cho H, RisenHuber M, Heller FD, Lumetta GJ. Extraction of Nitric Acid and Uranium with DEHiBA under High Loading Conditions. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6711-6721. [PMID: 37058585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism by which high concentrations (1.5 M in n-dodecane) of N,N-di-2-ethylhexyl-isobutyramide (DEHiBA) extracts HNO3 and UO2(NO3)2 is under examination. Most prior studies have examined the extractant and the mechanism at a concentration of 1.0 M in n-dodecane; however, under the higher loading conditions that can be achieved by a higher concentration of extractant, this mechanism could change. Increased extraction of both nitric acid and uranium is observed with an increased concentration of DEHiBA. The mechanisms are examined by thermodynamic modeling of distribution ratios, 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis (PCA). Speciation diagrams produced through thermodynamic modeling have been qualitatively reproduced through PCA of the FTIR spectra. The predominant extracted species of HNO3(DEHiBA), HNO3(DEHiBA)2, and UO2(NO3)2(DEHiBA)2 are in good agreement with prior literature reports for 1.0 M DEHiBA systems. Evidence for an additional species of either UO2(NO3)2(DEHiBA) or UO2(NO3)2(DEHiBA)2(HNO3) also contributing to the extraction of uranium species is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel B Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Emily L Campbell
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Nathan P Bessen
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Herman Cho
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Matthew RisenHuber
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Forrest D Heller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Gregg J Lumetta
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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6
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McCullough K, King DS, Chheda SP, Ferrandon MS, Goetjen TA, Syed ZH, Graham TR, Washton NM, Farha OK, Gagliardi L, Delferro M. High-Throughput Experimentation, Theoretical Modeling, and Human Intuition: Lessons Learned in Metal-Organic-Framework-Supported Catalyst Design. ACS Cent Sci 2023; 9:266-276. [PMID: 36844483 PMCID: PMC9951283 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We have screened an array of 23 metals deposited onto the metal-organic framework (MOF) NU-1000 for propyne dimerization to hexadienes. By a first-of-its-kind study utilizing data-driven algorithms and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) in MOF catalysis, yields on Cu-deposited NU-1000 were improved from 0.4 to 24.4%. Characterization of the best-performing catalysts reveal conversion to hexadiene to be due to the formation of large Cu nanoparticles, which is further supported by reaction mechanisms calculated with density functional theory (DFT). Our results demonstrate both the strengths and weaknesses of the HTE approach. As a strength, HTE excels at being able to find interesting and novel catalytic activity; any a priori theoretical approach would be hard-pressed to find success, as high-performing catalysts required highly specific operating conditions difficult to model theoretically, and initial simple single-atom models of the active site did not prove representative of the nanoparticle catalysts responsible for conversion to hexadiene. As a weakness, our results show how the HTE approach must be designed and monitored carefully to find success; in our initial campaign, only minor catalytic performances (up to 4.2% yield) were achieved, which were only improved following a complete overhaul of our HTE approach and questioning our initial assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine
E. McCullough
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Daniel S. King
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Saumil P. Chheda
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Magali S. Ferrandon
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Timothy A. Goetjen
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Zoha H. Syed
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Trent R. Graham
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99354, United States
| | - Nancy M. Washton
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99354, United States
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United
States
- James
Franck Institute, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United
States
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7
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Graham TR, Castillo J, Sinkov S, Gelis AV, Lumetta GJ, Cho H. Multiplicity of Th(IV) and U(VI) HEH[EHP] Chelates at Low Temperatures from Concentrated Nitric Acid Extractions. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:792-801. [PMID: 36584069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus extractants have been widely investigated for lanthanide recovery from ore and for application in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, such as in Advanced TALSPEAK schemes. Determining the speciation of the extracted metal complex in the organic phase remains a significant challenge. A better understanding of the variability of HEH[EHP]-actinide complexes and the speciation of chelates for tetra- and hexavalent actinides can improve the predictability of actinide phase transfer in such biphasic systems. In this study, the extraction of Th(IV) and U(VI) from nitric acid media using HEH[EHP] in heptane is examined. The distribution ratio as a function of nitric acid concentration was quantified using UV-vis spectroscopy, and then the speciation of HEH[EHP]-metal complexes in the organic phase was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and low-temperature 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition to perturbation of the vibrational modes proximal to the phosphonic moiety in HEH[EHP] in the FTIR spectra, the appearance of a nitrate signal was found in the organic phase following extraction from the highest acidity conditions for U(VI). The 31P NMR spectra of the organic phase at a low temperature (-70 °C) exhibited a surprising number (n) of resonances (n ≥ 7 for Th(IV) and n ≥ 11 for U(VI)), with the distribution between these resonances changing with the initial concentration of nitric acid in the aqueous phase. These results indicate that the compositions of the inner and outer spheres of the extracted actinides in the organic phase are more diverse than initially thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWashington99354, United States
| | - Joel Castillo
- Radiochemistry Program University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las VegasNevada89154, United States
| | - Sergey Sinkov
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWashington99354, United States
| | - Artem V Gelis
- Radiochemistry Program University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las VegasNevada89154, United States
| | - Gregg J Lumetta
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWashington99354, United States
| | - Herman Cho
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWashington99354, United States
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8
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Nienhuis ET, Pouvreau M, Graham TR, Prange MP, Page K, Loring JS, Stack AG, Clark AE, Schenter GK, Rosso KM, Pearce CI, Wang HW. Structure and reactivity of sodium aluminate complexes in alkaline solutions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Reynolds JG, Graham TR, Pearce CI. Ion hydration controls self-diffusion in multicomponent aqueous electrolyte solutions of NaNO2-NaOH-H2O. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Graham TR, Chun J, Schenter GK, Zhang X, Clark SB, Pearce CI, Rosso KM. 27 Al NMR diffusometry of Al 13 Keggin nanoclusters. Magn Reson Chem 2022; 60:226-238. [PMID: 34536037 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although nanometer-sized aluminum hydroxide clusters (i.e., ϵ-Al13 , [Al13 O4 (OH)24 (H2 O)12 ]7+ ) command a central role in aluminum ion speciation and transformations between minerals, measurement of their translational diffusion is often limited to indirect methods. Here, 27 Al pulsed field gradient stimulated echo nuclear magnetic resonance (PFGSTE NMR) spectroscopy has been applied to the AlO4 core of the ϵ-Al13 cluster with complementary theoretical simulations of the diffusion coefficient and corresponding hydrodynamic radii from a boundary element-based calculation. The tetrahedral AlO4 center of the ϵ-Al13 cluster is symmetric and exhibits only weak quadrupolar coupling, which results in favorable T1 and T2 27 Al NMR relaxation coefficients for 27 Al PFGSTE NMR studies. Stokes-Einstein relationship was used to relate the 27 Al diffusion coefficient of the ϵ-Al13 cluster to the hydrodynamic radius for comparison with theoretical simulations, dynamic light scattering from literature, and previously published 1 H PFGSTE NMR studies of chelated Keggin clusters. This first-of-its-kind observation proves that 27 Al PFGSTE NMR diffusometry can probe symmetric Al environments in polynuclear clusters of greater molecular weight than previously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Gregory K Schenter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Sue B Clark
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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11
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12
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Graham TR, Hu JZ, Jaegers NR, Zhang X, Pearce CI, Rosso KM. An amorphous sodium aluminate hydrate phase mediates aluminum coordination changes in highly alkaline sodium hydroxide solutions. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01642g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A newly identified intermediate phase containing tetrahedral Al is formed incipient to the crystallization of sodium aluminate hydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jian Zhi Hu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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13
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Graham TR, Nienhuis ET, Reynolds JG, Marcial J, Loring JS, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Sodium site occupancy and phosphate speciation in natrophosphate are invariant to changes in NaF and Na 3PO 4 concentration. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of multimodal characterization of Natrophosphate suggests that the crystalline structure is preserved across a range of synthesis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Emily T. Nienhuis
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Jacob G. Reynolds
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Jose Marcial
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - John S. Loring
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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14
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Prange MP, Graham TR, Gorniak R, Pouvreau M, Dembowski M, Wang HW, Daemen LL, Schenter GK, Bowden ME, Nienhuis ET, Rosso KM, Clark AE, Pearce CI. Theory-Guided Inelastic Neutron Scattering of Crystalline Alkaline Aluminate Salts Bearing Principal Motifs of Solution-State Species. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16223-16232. [PMID: 34644061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aluminate salts precipitated from caustic alkaline solutions exhibit a correlation between the anionic speciation and the identity of the alkali cation in the precipitate, with the aluminate ions occurring either in monomeric (Al(OH)4-) or dimeric (Al2O(OH)62-) forms. The origin of this correlation is poorly understood as are the roles that oligomeric aluminate species play in determining the solution structure, prenucleation clusters, and precipitation pathways. Characterization of aluminate solution speciation with vibrational spectroscopy results in spectra that are difficult to interpret because the ions access a diverse and dynamic configurational space. To investigate the Al(OH)4- and Al2O(OH)62- anions within a well-defined crystal lattice, inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and Raman spectroscopic data were collected and simulated by density functional theory for K2[Al2O(OH)6], Rb2[Al2O(OH)6], and Cs[Al(OH) 4]·2H2O. These structures capture archetypal solution aluminate species: the first two salts contain dimeric Al2O(OH)62- anions, while the third contains the monomeric Al(OH)4- anion. Comparisons were made to the INS and Raman spectra of sodium aluminate solutions frozen in a glassy state. In contrast to solution systems, the crystal lattice of the salts results in well-defined vibrations and associated resolved bands in the INS spectra. The use of a theory-guided analysis of the INS of this solid alkaline aluminate series revealed that differences were related to the nature of the hydrogen-bonding network and showed that INS is a sensitive probe of the degree of completeness and strength of the bond network in hydrogen-bonded materials. Results suggest that the ionic size may explain cation-specific differences in crystallization pathways in alkaline aluminate salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah P Prange
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Rafal Gorniak
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Maxime Pouvreau
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Hsiu-Wen Wang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Luke L Daemen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gregory K Schenter
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Emily T Nienhuis
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Environmental Subsystem Science Division, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States.,Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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15
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Mergelsberg ST, Dembowski M, Bowden ME, Graham TR, Prange M, Wang HW, Zhang X, Qafoku O, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Cluster defects in gibbsite nanoplates grown at acidic to neutral pH. Nanoscale 2021; 13:17373-17385. [PMID: 34713874 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01615f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gibbsite [α-Al(OH)3] is the solubility limiting phase for aluminum across a wide pH range, and it is a common mineral phase with many industrial applications. The growth mechanism of this layered-structure material, however, remains incompletely understood. Synthesis of gibbsite at low to circumneutral pH yields nanoplates with substantial interlayer disorder. Here we examine defects in this material in detail, and the effects of recrystallization in highly alkaline sodium hydroxide solution at 80 °C. We employed a multimodal approach, including scanning electron microscopy, magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR), Raman and infrared spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray total scattering pair distribution function (XPDF) analysis to characterize the ageing of the nanoplates over several days. XRD and XPDF indicate that gibbsite nanoplates precipitated at circumneutral pH contain dense, truncated sheets imparting a local difference in interlayer distance. These interlayer defects appear well described by flat Al13 aluminum hydroxide nanoclusters nearly isostructural with gibbsite sheets present under synthesis conditions and trapped as interlayer inclusions during growth. Ageing at elevated temperature in alkaline solutions gradually improves crystallinity, showing a gradual increase in H-bonding between interlayer OH groups. Between 7 to 8 vol% of the initial gibbsite nanoparticles exhibit this defect, with the majority of differences disappearing after 2-4 hours of recrystallization in alkaline solution. The results not only identify the source of disorder in gibbsite formed under acidic/neutral conditions but also point to a possible cluster-mediated growth mechanism evident through inclusion of relict oligomers with gibbsite-like topology trapped in the interlayer spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Micah Prange
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Hsiu-Wen Wang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Odeta Qafoku
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest national Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
- Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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16
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Dembowski M, Loring JS, Bowden ME, Reynolds JG, Graham TR, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. The controlling role of atmosphere in dawsonite versus gibbsite precipitation from tetrahedral aluminate species. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13438-13446. [PMID: 34477710 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02081a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In highly alkaline solution, aluminum speciates as the tetrahedrally coordinated aluminate monomer, Al(OH)4- and/or dimer Al2O(OH)62-, yet precipitates as octahedrally coordinated gibbsite (Al(OH)3). This tetrahedral to octahedral transformation governs Al precipitation, which is crucial to worldwide aluminum (Al) production, and to the retrieval and processing of Al-containing caustic high-level radioactive wastes. Despite its significance, the transformation pathway remains unknown. Here we explore the roles of atmospheric water and carbon dioxide in mediating the transformation of the tetrahedrally coordinated potassium aluminate dimer salt (K2Al2O(OH)6) to gibbsite versus potassium dawsonite (KAl(CO3)(OH)2). A combination of in situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, ex situ micro X-ray diffraction, and multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares chemometrics analysis reveals that humidity plays a key role in the transformation by limiting the amount of alkalinity neutralization by dissolved CO2. Lower humidity favors higher alkalinity and incorporation of carbonate species in the final Al product to form KAl(CO3)(OH)2. Higher humidity enables more acid generation that destabilizes dawsonite and favors gibbsite as the solubility limiting phase. This indicates that the transition from tetra- to octahedrally coordinated Al does not have to occur in bulk solution, as has often been hypothesized, but may instead occur in thin water films present on mineral surfaces in humid environments. Our findings suggest that phase selection can be controlled by humidity, which could enable new pathways to Al transformations useful to the Al processing industry, as well as improved understanding of phases that appear in caustic Al-bearing solutions exposed to atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - John S Loring
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Jacob G Reynolds
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, Richland, Washington 93352, USA
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. .,Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Graham TR, Pearce CI, Hlushko H, LaVerne JA, Liu L, Wang S, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Clark SB, Li P, Wang Z, Rosso KM. Crystallization and Phase Transformations of Aluminum (Oxy)hydroxide Polymorphs in Caustic Aqueous Solution. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9820-9832. [PMID: 34152139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gibbsite, bayerite, and boehmite are important aluminum (oxy)hydroxide minerals in nature and have been widely deployed in various industrial applications. They are also major components in caustic nuclear wastes stored at various U.S. locations. Knowledge of their crystallization and phase transformation processes contributes to understanding their occurrence and could help optimize waste treatment processes. While it has been reported that partial conversion of bayerite and gibbsite to boehmite occurs in basic solutions at elevated temperatures, systematic studies of factors affecting the phase transformation as well as the underlying reaction mechanisms are nonexistent, particularly in highly alkaline solutions. We explored the effects of sodium hydroxide concentrations (0.1-3 M), reaction temperatures (60-100 °C), and aluminum concentrations (0.1-1 M) on the crystallization and transformation of these aluminum (oxy)hydroxides. Detailed structural and morphological characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry revealed that these processes depend largely on the reaction temperature and the Al/OH- ratio. When 1 ≤ Al/OH- ≤ 2.5, the reactions favor formation of high-crystallinity precipitates, whereas at an Al/OH- ratio of ≥2.5 precipitation ceases unless the Al concentration is higher than 1 M. We identified pseudoboehmite, bayerite, and gibbsite as intermediate phases to bayerite, gibbsite and boehmite, respectively, all of which transform via dissolution-reprecipitation. Gibbsite transforms to boehmite in both acidic and weak caustic environments at temperatures above 80 °C. However, a "bar-shaped" gibbsite morphology dominates in highly caustic environments (3 M NaOH). The findings enable a robust basis for the selection of various solid phases by tuning the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Hanna Hlushko
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jay A LaVerne
- Radiation Laboratory and Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Lili Liu
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Suyun Wang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Shili Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Sue B Clark
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Ping Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheming Wang
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical & Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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18
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Livo K, Prasad M, Graham TR. Quantification of dissolved O 2 in bulk aqueous solutions and porous media using NMR relaxometry. Sci Rep 2021; 11:290. [PMID: 33431955 PMCID: PMC7801431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of dissolved paramagnetic oxygen (O2) in water on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) experiments is evaluated at a 1H Larmor frequency of 2 MHz. Dissolution of O2 into water significantly reduces the 1H transverse relaxation coefficient (T2). For deoxygenated water, T2 is 3388 ms, water at ambient atmospheric conditions (7.4 mg/L O2) exhibits a T2 of 2465 ms, and dissolution of 2710 mg/L O2 further reduces T2 to 36 ms. The results were fit with an empirical model to facilitate prediction of T2 times for bulk water as a function of paramagnetic oxygen concentrations in solution. Dissolved O2 also greatly influences 1H NMR CPMG experiments of confined water in a model system composed of Berea sandstone. For this system, 90 mg/L O2 in H2O enhances T2 relaxation of bulk water such that the relaxation time is comparable to physically confined water in the sandstone pores. Given the sensitivity of NMR T2 coefficients to paramagnetic oxygen, low-field NMR-based characterization of fluid and porous media structure requires control of dissolved oxygen, as geospatial variation in the partial pressure of O2 alone is expected to perturb fluid and pore relaxation times by up to 60 and 36%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Livo
- Center for Rock & Fluid Multiphysics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Manika Prasad
- Center for Rock & Fluid Multiphysics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
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19
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Graham TR, Dembowski M, Wang HW, Mergelsberg ST, Nienhuis ET, Reynolds JG, Delegard CH, Wei Y, Snyder M, Leavy II, Baum SR, Fountain MS, Clark SB, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Hydroxide promotes ion pairing in the NaNO 2-NaOH-H 2O system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:112-122. [PMID: 33305779 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04799f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO2-) is a prevalent nitrogen oxyanion in environmental and industrial processes, but its behavior in solution, including ion pair formation, is complex. This solution phase complexity impacts industries such as nuclear waste treatment, where NO2- significantly affects the solubility of other constituents present in sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-rich nuclear waste. This work provides molecular scale information into sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and NaOH ion-pairing processes to provide a physical basis for later development of thermodynamic models. Solubility isotherms of NaNO2 in aqueous mixtures with NaOH and total alkalinity were also measured. Spectroscopic characterization of these solutions utilized high-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Raman spectroscopy, with additional solution structure detailed by X-ray total scattering pairwise distribution function analysis (X-ray PDF). Despite the NO2- deformation Raman band's insensitivity to added NaOH in saturated NaNO2 solutions, 23Na and 15N NMR studies indicated the Na+ and NO2- chemical environments change likely due to ion pairing. The ion pairing correlates with a decrease in diffusion coefficient of solution species as measured by pulsed field gradient 23Na and 1H NMR. Two-dimensional correlation analyses of the 2800-4000 cm-1 Raman region and X-ray PDF indicated that saturated NaNO2 and NaOH mixtures disrupt the hydrogen network of water into a new structure where the length of the OO correlations is contracted relative to the typical H2O structure. Beyond describing the solubility of NaNO2 in a multicomponent electrolyte mixture, these results also indicate that nitrite exhibits greater ion pairing in mixtures of concentrated NaNO2 and NaOH than in comparable solutions with only NaNO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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20
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Dembowski M, Graham TR, Reynolds JG, Clark SB, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Influence of soluble oligomeric aluminum on precipitation in the Al-KOH-H 2O system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24677-24685. [PMID: 33103701 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04820h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of oligomeric aluminate species in the precipitation of aluminum (Al) phases such as gibbsite (α-Al(OH)3) from aqueous hydroxide solutions remains unclear and difficult to probe directly, despite its importance for developing accurate predictions of Al solubility in highly alkaline systems. Precipitation in this system entails a transition from predominantly tetrahedrally coordinated aluminate (Al(OH)4-) species in solution to octahedrally coordinated Al in gibbsite. Here we report a quantitative study of dissolved Al in the Al-KOH-H2O system using a combination of molecular spectroscopies. We establish a relationship between changes in 27Al NMR chemical shifts and the relative intensity of Raman vibrational bands, indicative of variations in the ensemble speciation of Al in solution, and the formation of unique contact ion pair interactions with the aluminate dimer, Al2O(OH)62-. A strong correlation between the extent of Al oligomerization and the amount of solvated Al was demonstrated by systematically varying the KOH : Al molar ratio. The concentration of dissolved oligomeric Al in solution also directly impacted the particle size and morphology of the precipitated gibbsite. High concentrations of dimeric Al2O(OH)62- yielded smaller and more numerous anhedral to subhedral gibbsite particles, while low concentrations yielded fewer and larger euhedral gibbsite platelets. The collective observations suggest a key role for the Al2O(OH)62- dimer in promoting gibbsite precipitation from solution, with the potassium ion-paired dimer catalyzing a more rapid transformation of Al from tetrahedral coordination in solution to octahedral coordination in gibbsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352, USA.
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21
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Bañuelos JL, Lee MS, Ngyuen MT, Zhang D, Malhotra D, Cantu DC, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R, Headen TF, Dalgliesh RM, Heldebrant DJ, Graham TR, Han KS, Saunders SR. Subtle changes in hydrogen bond orientation result in glassification of carbon capture solvents. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19009-19021. [PMID: 32808606 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-lean CO2 capture solvents show promise for more efficient and cost-effective CO2 capture, although their long-term behavior in operation has yet to be well studied. New observations of extended structure solvent behavior show that some solvent formulations transform into a glass-like phase upon aging at operating temperatures after contact with CO2. The glassification of a solvent would be detrimental to a carbon-capture process due to plugging of infrastructure, introducing a critical need to decipher the underlying principles of this phenomenon to prevent it from happening. We present the first integrated theoretical and experimental study to characterize the nano-structure of metastable and glassy states of an archetypal single-component alkanolguanidine carbon-capture solvent and assess how minute changes in atomic-level interactions convert the solvent between metastable and glass-like states. Small-angle neutron scattering and neutron diffraction coupled with small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis demonstrate that minute structural changes in solution precipitae reversible aggregation of zwitterionic alkylcarbonate clusters in solution. Our findings indicate that our test system, an alkanolguanidine, exhibits a first-order phase transition, similar to a glass transition, at approximately 40 °C-close to the operating absorption temperature for post-combustion CO2 capture processes. We anticipate that these phenomena are not specific to this system, but are present in other classes of colvents as well. We discuss how molecular-level interactions can have vast implications for solvent-based carbon-capture technologies, concluding that fortunately in this case, glassification of water-lean solvents can be avoided as long as the solvent is run above its glass transition temperature.
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22
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Krzysko AJ, Nakouzi E, Zhang X, Graham TR, Rosso KM, Schenter GK, Ilavsky J, Kuzmenko I, Frith MG, Ivory CF, Clark SB, Weston JS, Weigandt KM, De Yoreo JJ, Chun J, Anovitz LM. Correlating inter-particle forces and particle shape to shear-induced aggregation/fragmentation and rheology for dilute anisotropic particle suspensions: A complementary study via capillary rheometry and in-situ small and ultra-small angle X-ray scattering. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 576:47-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Placencia-Gómez E, Kerisit SN, Mehta HS, Qafoku O, Thompson CJ, Graham TR, Ilton ES, Loring JS. Critical Water Coverage during Forsterite Carbonation in Thin Water Films: Activating Dissolution and Mass Transport. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:6888-6899. [PMID: 32383859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In geologic carbon sequestration, CO2 is injected into geologic reservoirs as a supercritical fluid (scCO2). The carbonation of divalent silicates exposed to humidified scCO2 occurs in angstroms to nanometers thick adsorbed H2O films. A threshold H2O film thickness is required for carbonate precipitation, but a mechanistic understanding is lacking. In this study, we investigated carbonation of forsterite (Mg2SiO4) in humidified scCO2 (50 °C and 90 bar), which serves as a model system for understanding subsurface divalent silicate carbonation reactivity. Attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy pinpointed that magnesium carbonate precipitation begins at 1.5 monolayers of adsorbed H2O. At about this same H2O coverage, transmission infrared spectroscopy showed that forsterite dissolution begins and electrical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that diffusive transport accelerates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the onset of diffusion is due to an abrupt decrease in the free-energy barriers for lateral mobility of outer-spherically adsorbed Mg2+. The dissolution and mass transport controls on divalent silicate reactivity in wet scCO2 could be advantageous for maximizing permeability near the wellbore and minimize leakage through the caprock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo Placencia-Gómez
- Département ArGEnCo/Géophysique appliquée, Urban and Environmental Engineering, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Sebastien N Kerisit
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Hardeep S Mehta
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Odeta Qafoku
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Christopher J Thompson
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Eugene S Ilton
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - John S Loring
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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24
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Graham TR, Gorniak R, Dembowski M, Zhang X, Clark SB, Pearce CI, Clark AE, Rosso KM. Solid-State Recrystallization Pathways of Sodium Aluminate Hydroxy Hydrates. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6857-6865. [PMID: 32253907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization of Al3+-bearing solid phases from highly alkaline Na2O:Al2O3:H2O solutions commonly necessitates an Al3+ coordination change from tetrahedral to octahedral, but intermediate coordination states are often difficult to isolate. Here, a similar Al3+ coordination change process is examined during the solid-state recrystallization of monosodium aluminate hydrate (MSA) to nonasodium bis(hexahydroxyaluminate) trihydroxide hexahydrate (NSA) at ambient temperature. While the MSA structure contains solely oxolated tetrahedral Al3+, the NSA structure is a molecular aluminate salt solely based upon monomeric octahedral Al3+. Spontaneous recrystallization of MSA and excess sodium hydroxide hydrate into NSA over 3 days of reaction time was clearly evident in X-ray diffractograms and in Raman spectra. In situ single-pulse 27Al magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and 27Al multiple quantum (MQ) MAS NMR spectroscopy showed no evidence of intermediate aluminates, suggesting that transitional states, such as pentacoordinate Al3+, are short-lived and require spectroscopy with greater time resolution to detect. Such research is advancing upon a detailed mechanistic understanding of Al3+ coordination change mechanisms in these highly alkaline systems, with relevance to aluminum refining, corrosion sciences, and nuclear waste processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R Graham
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Rafal Gorniak
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Sue B Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States.,Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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25
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Dembowski M, Prange MP, Pouvreau M, Graham TR, Bowden ME, N'Diaye A, Schenter GK, Clark SB, Clark AE, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Inference of principal species in caustic aluminate solutions through solid-state spectroscopic characterization. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5869-5880. [PMID: 32307503 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahedrally coordinated aluminate Al(OH)4- and dialuminate Al2O(OH)62- anions are considered to be major species in aluminum-rich alkaline solutions. However, their relative abundance remains difficult to spectroscopically quantify due to local structure similarities and poorly understood effects arising from extent of polymerization and counter-cations. To help unravel these relationships here we report detailed characterization of three solid-phase analogues as structurally and compositionally well-defined reference materials. We successfully synthesized a cesium salt of the aluminate monomer, CsAl(OH)4·2H2O, for comparison to potassium and rubidium salts of the aluminate dimer, K2Al2O(OH)6, and Rb2Al2O(OH)6, respectively. Single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction methods clearly reveal the structure and purity of these materials for which a combination of 27Al MAS-NMR, Al K-edge X-ray absorption and Raman/IR spectroscopies was then used to fingerprint the two major tetrahedrally coordinated Al species. The resulting insights into the effect of Al-O-Al bridge formation between aluminate tetrahedra on spectroscopic features may also be generalized to the many materials that are based on this motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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26
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Dembowski M, Snyder MM, Delegard CH, Reynolds JG, Graham TR, Wang HW, Leavy II, Baum SR, Qafoku O, Fountain MS, Rosso KM, Clark SB, Pearce CI. Ion-ion interactions enhance aluminum solubility in alkaline suspensions of nano-gibbsite (α-Al(OH) 3) with sodium nitrite/nitrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:4368-4378. [PMID: 31850442 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05856g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite widespread industrial importance, predicting metal solubilities in highly concentrated, multicomponent aqueous solutions is difficult due to poorly understood ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions. Aluminum hydroxide solid phase solubility in concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions is one such case, with major implications for ore refining, as well as processing of radioactive waste stored at U.S. Department of Energy legacy sites, such as the Hanford Site, Washington State. The solubility of gibbsite (α-Al(OH)3) is often not well predicted because other ions affect the activity of hydroxide (OH-) and aluminate (Al(OH)4-) anions. In the present study, we systematically examined the influence of key anions, nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), as sodium salts on the solubility of α-Al(OH)3 in NaOH solutions taking care to establish equilibrium from both under- and oversaturation. Rapid equilibration was enabled by use of a highly pure and crystalline synthetic nano-gibbsite of well-defined particle size and shape. Measured dissolved aluminum concentrations were compared with those predicted by an α-Al(OH)3 solubility model derived for simple Al(OH)4-/OH- systems. Specific anion effects were expressed as an enhancement factor (Alenhc) conveying the excess of dissolved aluminum. At 45 °C, NaNO2 and NaNO3-containing systems exhibited Alenhc values of 2.70 and 1.88, respectively, indicating significant enhancement. The solutions were examined by Raman and high-field 27Al NMR spectroscopy, indicating specific interactions including Al(OH)4--Na+ contact ion pairing and Al(OH)4--NO2-/NO3- ion-ion interactions. Dynamic evolution of the α-Al(OH)3 particles including growth and agglomeration was observed revealing the importance of dissolution/reprecipitation in establishing equilibrium. These studies indicate that incomplete ion hydration, as a result of the low water activity in these concentrated electrolytes, results in: (i) enhanced reactivity of the hydroxide ion with respect to α-Al(OH)3; (ii) increased concentrations of Al(OH)4- in solution; and (iii) stronger ion-ion interactions that act to stabilize the supersaturated solutions. This information on the mechanisms by which α-Al(OH)3 becomes supersaturated is essential for more energy-efficient aluminum processing technologies, including the treatment of millions of gallons of Al(OH)4--rich high-level radioactive waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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Hammond-Pereira E, Bryant K, Graham TR, Yang C, Mergelsberg S, Wu D, Saunders SR. Mesoporous silica-encapsulated gold core–shell nanoparticles for active solvent-free benzyl alcohol oxidation. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silica-encapsulated gold core@shell nanoparticles (Au@SiO2 CSNPs) were synthesized via a tunable bottom-up procedure to catalyze the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Hammond-Pereira
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
| | - Kristin Bryant
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
| | - Trent R. Graham
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
| | - Chen Yang
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
- Alexandra Navrotsky Institute for Experimental Thermodynamics
| | | | - Di Wu
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
- Alexandra Navrotsky Institute for Experimental Thermodynamics
| | - Steven R. Saunders
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
- Washington State University
- Pullman
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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28
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Wang S, Zhang X, Graham TR, Zhang H, Pearce CI, Wang Z, Clark SB, Jiang W, Rosso KM. Two-step route to size and shape controlled gibbsite nanoplates and the crystal growth mechanism. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00114g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Size and shape-controlled synthesis of gibbsite nanoplates via an additive-free two-step route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Wang
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
| | - Trent R. Graham
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Energy & Environment Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
| | - Zheming Wang
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
| | - Sue B. Clark
- Energy & Environment Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Washington 99354
- USA
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29
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Graham TR, Hu JZ, Zhang X, Dembowski M, Jaegers NR, Wan C, Bowden M, Lipton AS, Felmy AR, Clark SB, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Unraveling Gibbsite Transformation Pathways into LiAl-LDH in Concentrated Lithium Hydroxide. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12385-12394. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Jian Zhi Hu
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Biological Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Jaegers
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Biological Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Chuan Wan
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mark Bowden
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrew S. Lipton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrew R. Felmy
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Sue B. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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30
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Wang HW, Graham TR, Mamontov E, Page K, Stack AG, Pearce CI. Countercations Control Local Specific Bonding Interactions and Nucleation Mechanisms in Concentrated Water-in-Salt Solutions. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3318-3325. [PMID: 31145618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the continuing challenges presented in salt solutions is understanding ion association reactions driving dynamic demixing from solvation, complexation, and solute clustering. The problems understanding this phenomenon are exacerbated in the highly concentrated water-in-salt solutions, where the deficiency of water leads to a dramatic retardation of water solvent and formation of extended solvent-solute clustering networks. By probing microscopic dynamics of water and prenucleation clusters using quasi-elastic neutron scattering and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we observed contrasting mechanistic specifics of ion-water mobilities in highly concentrated Na+- versus K+-based aluminate solutions (diffusion coefficients of 0.2 vs 2.6 × 10-10 m2 s-1 at 293 K, respectively). The magnitude of the differences is far beyond countercations acting as simple innocent charge-balancing species or water solvents functioning as a simple medium for ion diffusion. The distinct crystallization mechanisms observed further imply that different prenucleation cluster dynamics can either frustrate or promote crystallization, as described by nonclassical nucleation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trent R Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | | | | | | | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
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31
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Graham TR, Pope DJ, Ghadar Y, Clark S, Clark A, Saunders SR. Alcohol Clustering Mechanisms in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Pulsed-Field Gradient, Diffusion NMR and Network Analysis: Feedback on Stepwise Self-Association Models. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5316-5323. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Graham TR, Semrouni D, Mamontov E, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Page K, Clark A, Schenter GK, Pearce CI, Stack AG, Wang HW. Coupled Multimodal Dynamics of Hydrogen-Containing Ion Networks in Water-Deficient, Sodium Hydroxide-Aluminate Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:12097-12106. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - David Semrouni
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | | | | | | | - Aurora Clark
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Science and Engineering Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Gregory K. Schenter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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33
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Graham TR, Han KS, Dembowski M, Krzysko AJ, Zhang X, Hu J, Clark SB, Clark AE, Schenter GK, Pearce CI, Rosso KM. 27Al Pulsed Field Gradient, Diffusion–NMR Spectroscopy of Solvation Dynamics and Ion Pairing in Alkaline Aluminate Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10907-10912. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kee Sung Han
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Anthony J. Krzysko
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jianzhi Hu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Sue B. Clark
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Aurora E. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Gregory K. Schenter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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34
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Nakouzi E, Soltis JA, Legg BA, Schenter GK, Zhang X, Graham TR, Rosso KM, Anovitz LM, De Yoreo JJ, Chun J. Impact of Solution Chemistry and Particle Anisotropy on the Collective Dynamics of Oriented Aggregation. ACS Nano 2018; 12:10114-10122. [PMID: 30180540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although oriented aggregation of particles is a widely recognized mechanism of crystal growth, the impact of many fundamental parameters, such as crystallographically distinct interfacial structures, solution composition, and nanoparticle morphology, on the governing mechanisms and assembly kinetics are largely unexplored. Thus, the collective dynamics of systems exhibiting OA has not been predicted. In this context, we investigated the structure and dynamics of boehmite aggregation as a function of solution pH and ionic strength. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy shows that boehmite nanoplatelets assemble by oriented attachment on (010) planes. The coagulation rate constants obtained from dynamic light scattering during the early stages of aggregation span 7 orders of magnitude and cross both the reaction-limited and diffusion-limited regimes. Combining a simple scaling analysis with calculations for stability ratios and rotational/translational diffusivities of irregular particle shapes, the effects of orientation for irregular-shaped particles on the early stages of aggregation are understood via angular dependencies of van der Waals, electrostatic, and hydrodynamic interactions. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that a simple geometric parameter, namely, the contact area between two attaching nanoplatelets, presents a useful tool for correlating nanoparticle morphologies to the emerging larger-scale aggregates, hence explaining the unusually high fractal dimensions measured for boehmite aggregates. Our findings on nanocrystal transport and interactions provide insights toward the predictive understanding of nanoparticle growth, assembly, and aggregation, which will address critical challenges in developing synthesis strategies for nanostructured materials, understanding the evolution of geochemical reservoirs, and addressing many environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Nakouzi
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Jennifer A Soltis
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Benjamin A Legg
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gregory K Schenter
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Trent R Graham
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Chemistry , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164 , United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Lawrence M Anovitz
- Chemical Sciences Division, MS 6110 , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Physical Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
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35
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Graham TR, Dembowski M, Martinez-Baez E, Zhang X, Jaegers NR, Hu J, Gruszkiewicz MS, Wang HW, Stack AG, Bowden ME, Delegard CH, Schenter GK, Clark AE, Clark SB, Felmy AR, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. In Situ 27Al NMR Spectroscopy of Aluminate in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions above and below Saturation with Respect to Gibbsite. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11864-11873. [PMID: 30036042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Mateusz Dembowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Ernesto Martinez-Baez
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Nicholas R. Jaegers
- The Voiland School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jianzhi Hu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Hsiu-Wen Wang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andrew G. Stack
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Mark E. Bowden
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Gregory K. Schenter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Aurora E. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Sue B. Clark
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Andrew R. Felmy
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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36
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Senanayake EL, Smith GD, Rooney SJ, Graham TR, Greaves I. Chest drains – An overview. Trauma 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408616676505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chest drains are used in a number of circumstances for the treatment of specific conditions and also for symptomatic relief, and hence insertion of a chest drain can be a life-saving intervention. Therefore, it is imperative that every hospital doctor is familiar with the indications and the principles of safe chest drain insertion. The knowledge of chest drain management following insertion is equally essential. Appropriate chest drain insertion and management underpins the management of chest trauma. Appropriate chest drain management will allow for resolution and management of the underlying clinical condition. This review article outlines the indications, contraindications, and principles of chest drain insertion. Furthermore, it provides an overview of chest drain management and associated complications. Although this review refers to a surgically placed chest drain, the same principles can be applied to a chest drain that is inserted percutaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- EL Senanayake
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - GD Smith
- Department of Academic Emergency Medicine, James Cook University Hospital Middlesbrough, UK
| | - SJ Rooney
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - TR Graham
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - I Greaves
- Department of Academic Emergency Medicine, James Cook University Hospital Middlesbrough, UK
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Abstract
Myocardial contusion can be a difficult diagnosis to make. There is currently no gold standard of investigation that allows its accurate diagnosis in the clinical setting. Trauma surgeons need to have a high degree of clinical suspicion when dealing with patients who have received blunt thoracic injuries in order that the diagnosis of myocardial contusion may be made. In this article we discuss the diagnosis, potential complications and investigation of patients with suspected myocardial contusion and also present a fl ow diagram for the possible management of patients with trauma who may have suspected myocardial contusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- AM Ranasinghe
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - ME Lewis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - TR Graham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK,
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Abstract
The majority of thoracic injuries encountered in the UK are secondary to blunt trauma following motor vehicle accidents. Rib fractures account for more than half of these injuries. Sternal fractures, although less common, have an increased incidence following the implementation of seat belt legislation. Both rib and sternal fractures may compromise ventilation by a variety of mechanisms. Pain leads to a reduction in lung expansion and sputum retention. Fractured ribs may cause penetrating injury resulting in a haemopneumothorax. There may also be asso ciated pulmonary contusion and flail chest, which further compromises ventilation. Sternal and rib fractures are managed by a number of specialties including accident and emergency staff, cardiothoracic and trauma surgeons, as well as anaesthetists and intensivists. The management of rib and sternal fractures principally consists of the identification and treatment of associated injuries, appropriate respiratory care and symptomatic relief. This article reviews the literature on the investigations and management of the patient with rib and sternal fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- NJ Howell
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - AM Ranasinghe
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - TR Graham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Abstract
The postperfusion syndrome, haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenic purpura following open heart surgery have all been attributed to acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection,'-3 usually acquired from perioperative transfusions of whole blood. Increased susceptibility of bacterial infections has been described,4 but only in patients who have undergone cardiac transplantation and consequently received immunosuppressive therapy. Studies have shown that CMV can suppress cell-mediated immunity in vivo and in vitro5 and impairment of neutrophil migration has been demonstrated in CMV infected mice.6 We describe a patient with impaired polymorph function associated with an acute CMV infection following aortic valve replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- FK Gould
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne
| | - TR Graham
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne
| | | | - MP Holden
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne
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40
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Abstract
'For many reasons clinicians hesitate to employ mechanical devices of unproved efficacy except in the most critically ill patients and then only as a desperate measure. These approaches accounted for a substantial lag time between intra-aortic balloon pump availability and widespread utilization. Ventricular assist devices, recently approved for initial clinical trials, face the same dilemmas'. Norman, 1977.1
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Affiliation(s)
- Jac Chalmers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The London Hospital
| | - TR Graham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The London Hospital
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41
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Khan JN, Tapp LD, Glancy JM, Prasad N, Bailey MS, Graham TR. Successful surgical treatment of Q fever endocarditis with mitral valve repair. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2012; 158:132-4. [PMID: 22860505 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-158-02-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of successful surgical treatment of Q fever endocarditis with mitral valve repair in a 66-year old retired British soldier. Valve replacement is invariably undertaken in Q fever endocarditis due to the degree of valvular damage and concerns about eradicating the organism, Coxiella burnetii. Our unique case allowed valve repair since pre-existing myxomatous degeneration and subsequent posterior mitral valve leaflet prolapse resulted in significant excess valve tissue, allowing quadrangular resection of the damaged and perforated P2 portion of this leaflet. Follow-up at four years (including three years of antibiotic treatment) has confirmed excellent valve repair, with no echocardiographic, clinical or microbiological evidence of recurrence. We are only the second group to describe valve repair in a patient with chronic Q fever endocarditis. Valve repair is preferable to valve replacement for Q fever endocarditis, if technically possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Khan
- Hereford County Hospital, Wye Valley NHS Trust, Hereford, England, UK
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42
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Owens CM, Hamon MD, Graham TR, Wood AJ, Newland AC. Bronchopericardial fistula and pneumopericardium complicating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Clin Lab Haematol 2008; 12:351-4. [PMID: 2272163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.1990.tb00045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C M Owens
- Department of Haematology, London Hospital, Whitechapel, UK
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43
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Abstract
The proteins of Saccharomyces cervsiae can be metabolically labeled, as described here, with (35)methionine and (35)cysteine or a hydrolysate of E. coli labeled with (35)O4(2-). After the labeling, protocols are provided for the mechanical disruption of the yeast cells or conversion to spheroplasts, with subsequent lysis before immunoprecipitation of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Graham
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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44
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Beck MH, Collin J, Castleden WM, Cotton LT, Singer A, Baird RN, Browse NL, Efem SEE, Hadley GP, Keenan JP, Steele RJC, Lee D, McMahon MJ, Butler CM, Cotton LT, Roberts VC, Bergqvist D, Irvin TT, Foster ME, Corbett WA, Taylor MJ, Stock S, Young M, Petty AH, Prout WG, Graham TR, Locke TJ. Correspondence. Br J Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800720633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Beck
- The Skin Hospital, Quay Street, Manchester M3 3HL, UK
| | - J Collin
- John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington Oxford OX 3 9DU, UK
| | - W M Castleden
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - L T Cotton
- King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8RX, UK
| | - A Singer
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Elmhurst, New York 11373 USA
| | - R N Baird
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 XHW, UK
| | | | - S E E Efem
- University Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - G P Hadley
- University of Natal Medical School, 4013 Congella, Durbun, South Africa
| | - J P Keenan
- University of Natal Medical School, 4013 Congella, Durbun, South Africa
| | | | - D Lee
- The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - D Bergqvist
- Malmö General Hospital, S-214 01 Mulmo, Sweden
| | - T T Irvin
- Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital (Wonford), Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5D W, UK
| | - M E Foster
- Southmead General Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BSlO SNB, UK
| | - W A Corbett
- University of Liverpool, Lioerpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - M J Taylor
- University of Liverpool, Lioerpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - S Stock
- Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
| | - M Young
- Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
| | - A H Petty
- Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
| | - W G Prout
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, UK
| | - T R Graham
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - T J Locke
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
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Hyde JA, Jones TJ, Graham TR. Traumatic avulsion of the suprascapular artery. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2001; 42:805-7. [PMID: 11698951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Trauma to the subclavian artery and its branches is rare, and usually the result of penetrating injuries. Blunt trauma presents its own peculiar management difficulties, particularly when causing haemorrhage into the thoracic cavity. Cardiothoracic surgeons may be asked to deal with such cases, so an understanding of the anatomy and options for surgical access are essential. We present a case of blunt avulsion of the suprascapular artery resulting in massive haemothorax, a previously unreported injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Hyde
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, UK.
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Mukadam ME, Pritchard P, Riddington D, Wilkes M, Graham TR, Horrow JC, Spiess BD. Case 7--2001. Management during cardiopulmonary bypass of patients with presumed fish allergy. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2001; 15:512-9. [PMID: 11505358 DOI: 10.1053/jcan.2001.25006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Mukadam
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Hopkins BD, Sato K, Nakano A, Graham TR. Introduction of Kex2 cleavage sites in fusion proteins for monitoring localization and transport in yeast secretory pathway. Methods Enzymol 2001; 327:107-18. [PMID: 11044978 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)27271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B D Hopkins
- Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In eukaryotic cells, clathrin-coated vesicles transport specific cargo from the plasma membrane and trans-Golgi network to the endosomal system. Removal of the clathrin coat in vitro requires the uncoating ATPase Hsc70 and its DnaJ cofactor auxilin. To date, a requirement for auxilin and Hsc70 in clathrin function in vivo has not been demonstrated. RESULTS The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SWA2 gene, previously identified in a synthetic lethal screen with arf1, was cloned and found to encode a protein with a carboxy-terminal DnaJ domain which is homologous to that of auxilin. Like auxilin, Swa2p has a clathrin-binding domain and is able to stimulate the ATPase activity of Hsc70. The swa2-1 allele recovered from the original screen carries a point mutation in its tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, a motif not found in auxilin but known in other proteins to mediate interaction with heat-shock proteins. Swa2p fractionates in the cytosol and appears to be heavily phosphorylated. Disruption of SWA2 causes slow growth and several phenotypes that are very similar to those exhibited by clathrin mutants. Furthermore, the swa2Delta mutant exhibits a significant increase in membrane- associated or -assembled clathrin relative to a wild-type strain. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that Swa2p is a clathrin-binding protein required for normal clathrin function in vivo. They suggest that Swa2p is the yeast ortholog of auxilin and has a role in disassembling clathrin, not only in uncoating clathrin-coated vesicles but perhaps in preventing unproductive clathrin assembly in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Gall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1634, USA
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49
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Jones TJJ, Hyde JAJ, Wilson IC, Graham TR. Physiological response in the injured transplant patient. Trauma 2000. [DOI: 10.1177/146040860000200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Solid organ transplantation as a treatment for end organ failure is increasing in success. Consequently there are more transplant recipients leading more active lifestyles, resulting in an increasing number presenting as an emergency to hospitals remote from their transplant centre as victims of trauma. A basic knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology specific to this group of patients is prerequisite to their successful management. Following a brief history, the incidence and indication for each type of solid organ transplant is detailed, followed by relevant anatomy and physiology. An overview of current immunosuppression and its related side-effects is followed by a discussion concerning vascular access and invasive monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- TJJ Jones
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK,
| | - JAJ Hyde
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - IC Wilson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - TR Graham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
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50
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Abstract
Pro-alpha-factor (pro-alphaf) is posttranslationally modified in the yeast Golgi complex by the addition of alpha1,6-, alpha1,2-, and alpha1,3-linked mannose to N-linked oligosaccharides and by a Kex2p-initiated proteolytic processing event. Previous work has indicated that the alpha1,6- and alpha1,3-mannosylation and Kex2p-dependent processing of pro-alphaf are initiated in three distinct compartments of the Golgi complex. Here, we present evidence that alpha1,2-mannosylation of pro-alphaf is also initiated in a distinct Golgi compartment. Linkage-specific antisera and an endo-alpha1,6-D-mannanase (endoM) were used to quantitate the amount of each pro-alphaf intermediate during transport through the Golgi complex. We found that alpha1,6-, alpha1,2-, and alpha1,3-mannose were sequentially added to pro-alphaf in a temporally ordered manner, and that the intercompartmental transport factor Sec18p/N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor was required for each step. The Sec18p dependence implies that a transport event was required between each modification event. In addition, most of the Golgi-modified pro-alphaf that accumulated in brefeldin A-treated cells received only alpha1,6-mannosylation as did approximately 50% of pro-alphaf transported to the Golgi in vitro. This further supports the presence of an early Golgi compartment that houses an alpha1,6-mannosyltransferase but lacks alpha1,2-mannosyltransferase activity in vivo. We propose that the alpha1,6-, alpha1,2-, and alpha1,3-mannosylation and Kex2p-dependent processing events mark the cis, medial, trans, and trans-Golgi network of the yeast Golgi complex, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Brigance
- Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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