1
|
Phan TKP, Wang SL, Nguyen QV, Phan TQ, Nguyen TT, Tran TTT, Nguyen AD, Nguyen VB, Doan MD. Assessment of the Chemical Profile and Potential Medical Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Eclipta prostrata L. Collected in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1476. [PMID: 37895947 PMCID: PMC10609904 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eclipta prostrata L. (EPL), a medicinal plant, is widely utilized in the central highlands of Vietnam. This study aims to assess the chemical profile and potential medical effects of an EPL extract rich in flavonoids. A total of 36 secondary metabolites were identified from the EPL extract through GC-MS and UHPLC-UV analysis. Among them, 15 volatile compounds and several phenolic and flavonoid chemicals, including salicylic acid, epicatechin gallate, isovitexin, and apigetrin, were reported in EPL extract for the first time. This herbal extract demonstrated moderate inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and high anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities (IC50 = 76.8 ± 0.8 μg/mL). These promising attributes can be likely attributed to the high levels of major compounds, including wedelolactone (1), chlorogenic acid (3), epicatechin gallate (6), salicylic acid (8), isovitexin (9), apigetrin (11), and myricetin (12). These findings align with the traditional use of EPL for enhancing memory and cognitive function, as well as its potential benefits in diabetes management. The results of the molecular docking study reveal that the major identified compounds (1, 6, 9, and 11) showed a more effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect than berberine chloride, with good binding energy (DS values, -12.3 to -14.3 kcal/mol) and acceptable values of RMSD (1.02-1.67 Å). Additionally, almost all the identified major compounds exhibited good ADMET properties within the required limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Phung Phan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Quang Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Tu Quy Phan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Tan Thanh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City 43100, Vietnam;
| | | | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Manh Dung Doan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Phan TQ, Doan MD, Phan TKP, Phan TKT, Pham THT, Nguyen AD. Novel Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Effect of Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. Extracts via Experimental and In Silico Studies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1281. [PMID: 37374064 DOI: 10.3390/life13061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, which is recorded as a global health issue. Natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are considered a helpful therapy for the management of symptoms of patients with mild-to-moderate AD. This work aimed to investigate and characterize Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. (ELC) as a natural source of AChEIs compounds via in vitro and virtual studies. The screening parts used, including the leaves, heartwood, and trunk bark of ELC, revealed that the trunk bark extract possessed the highest activity, phenolics and flavonoid content. The in vitro anti-Alzheimer activity of ELC trunk bark was notably reclaimed for the first time with comparable effect (IC50 = 0.332 mg/mL) as that of a commercial AChEI, berberine chloride (IC50 = 0.314 mg/mL). Among various solvents, methanol was the most suitable to extract ELC trunk bark with the highest activity. Twenty-one secondary metabolites (1-21) were identified from ELC trunk bark extract, based on GCMS and UHPLC analyses. Of these, 10 volatile compounds were identified from this herbal extract for the first time. One phenolic (11) and seven flavonoid compounds (15-21) were also newly found in this herbal extract. Of the identified compounds, chlorogenic acid (11), epigallocatechin gallate (12), epicatechin (13), apigetrin (18), and quercetin (20) were major compounds with a significant content of 395.8-2481.5 μg/g of dried extract. According to docking-based simulation, compounds (11-19, and 21) demonstrated more effective inhibitory activity than berberine chloride, with good binding energy (DS values: -12.3 to -14.4 kcal/mol) and acceptable RMSD values (0.77-1.75 Å). In general, these identified compounds processed drug properties and were non-toxic for human use, based on Lipinski's rule of five and ADMET analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Tu Quy Phan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Manh Dung Doan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Phung Phan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Thu Phan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen Thoa Pham
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Phan TQ, Pham THT, Huang HT, Liaw CC, Nguyen AD. Screening and Elucidation of Chemical Structures of Novel Mammalian α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Targeting Anti-Diabetes Drug from Herbals Used by E De Ethnic Tribe in Vietnam. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050756. [PMID: 37242539 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among ten extracts of indigenous medicinal plants, the MeOH extract of Terminalia triptera Stapf. (TTS) showed the most efficient mammalian α-glucosidase inhibition for the first time. The data of screening bioactive parts used indicated that the TTS trunk bark and leaves extracts demonstrated comparable and higher effects compared to acarbose, a commercial anti-diabetic drug, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 181, 331, and 309 µg/mL, respectively. Further bioassay-guided purification led to the isolation of three active compounds from the TTS trunk bark extract and identified as (-)-epicatechin (1), eschweilenol C (2), and gallic acid (3). Of these, compounds 1 and 2 were determined as novel and potent mammalian α-glucosidase inhibitors. The virtual study indicated that these compounds bind to α-glucosidase (Q6P7A9) with acceptable RMSD values (1.16-1.56 Å) and good binding energy (DS values in the range of -11.4 to -12.8 kcal/mol) by interacting with various prominent amino acids to generate five and six linkages, respectively. The data of Lipinski's rule of five and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)-based pharmacokinetics and pharmacology revealed that these purified compounds possess anti-diabetic drug properties, and the compounds are almost not toxic for human use. Thus, the findings of this work suggested that (-)-epicatechin and eschweilenol C are novel potential mammalian α-glucosidase inhibitor candidates for type 2 diabetes treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Tu Quy Phan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen Thoa Pham
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Hung-Tse Huang
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nguyen TH, Wang SL, Nguyen VB. Microorganism-Derived Molecules as Enzyme Inhibitors to Target Alzheimer's Diseases Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040580. [PMID: 37111337 PMCID: PMC10146315 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It increases the risk of other serious diseases and causes a huge impact on individuals, families, and socioeconomics. AD is a complex multifactorial disease, and current pharmacological therapies are largely based on the inhibition of enzymes involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Natural enzyme inhibitors are the potential sources for targeting AD treatment and are mainly collected from plants, marine organisms, or microorganisms. In particular, microbial sources have many advantages compared to other sources. While several reviews on AD have been reported, most of these previous reviews focused on presenting and discussing the general theory of AD or overviewing enzyme inhibitors from various sources, such as chemical synthesis, plants, and marine organisms, while only a few reviews regarding microbial sources of enzyme inhibitors against AD are available. Currently, multi-targeted drug investigation is a new trend for the potential treatment of AD. However, there is no review that has comprehensively discussed the various kinds of enzyme inhibitors from the microbial source. This review extensively addresses the above-mentioned aspect and simultaneously updates and provides a more comprehensive view of the enzyme targets involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The emerging trend of using in silico studies to discover drugs concerning AD inhibitors from microorganisms and perspectives for further experimental studies are also covered here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hanh Nguyen
- Doctoral Program in Applied Sciences, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee DH, Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang CL, Wang SL. Proteases Production and Chitin Preparation from the Liquid Fermentation of Chitinous Fishery By-Products by Paenibacillus elgii. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090477. [PMID: 34564139 PMCID: PMC8467606 DOI: 10.3390/md19090477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinous fishery by-products have great application in the production of various bioactive compounds. In this study, Paenibacillus elgii TKU051, a protease-producing bacterial strain, was isolated using a medium containing 1% squid pens powder (SPP) as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. P. elgii TKU051 was found to produce at least four proteases with molecular weights of 100 kDa, 57 kDa, 43 kDa, and 34 kDa (determined by the gelatin zymography method). A P. elgii TkU051 crude enzyme cocktail was optimally active at pH 6–7 and 60 °C. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the hydrolysates obtained from the hydrolysis of shrimp shell powder, shrimp head powder, shrimp meat powder, fish head powder and soya bean powder catalyzed by the P. elgii TkU051 crude enzyme cocktail were also evaluated. P. elgii TKU051 exhibited a high deproteinization capacity (over 94%) on different kinds of shrimp waste (shrimp heads and shells; fresh and cooked shrimp waste; shrimp waste dried by oven and lyophilizer), and the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy profile of the chitin obtained from the deproteinization process displayed the characteristic of chitin. Finally, the obtained chitin exhibited an effect comparable to commercial chitin in terms of adsorption against Congo Red (90.48% and 90.91%, respectively). Thus, P. elgii TKU051 showed potential in the reclamation of chitinous fishery by-products for proteases production and chitin extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hsin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (D.-H.L.); (C.T.D.)
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (D.-H.L.); (C.T.D.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
- Doctoral Program in Applied Sciences, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Chuan-Lu Wang
- Department of Fashion Beauty Design, Lan Yang Institute of Technology, Yilan County 26141, Taiwan;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (D.-H.L.); (C.T.D.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen TT, Tran TPH, Nguyen VB, Tran TD, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Production of Sucrolytic Enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis by the Bioconversion of Pomelo Albedo as a Carbon Source. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121959. [PMID: 34199171 PMCID: PMC8231626 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing use of agro-byproducts in microbial fermentation to produce a variety of value-added products. In this study, among various kinds of agro-byproducts, pomelo albedo powder (PAP) was found to be the most effective carbon source for the production of sucrose hydrolyzing enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis TKU004. The optimal medium for sucrolytic enzyme production contained 2% PAP, 0.75% NH4NO3, 0.05% MgSO4, and 0.05% NaH2PO4 and the optimal culture conditions were pH 6.7, 35 °C, 150 rpm, and 24 h. Accordingly, the highest sucrolytic activity was 1.87 U/mL, 4.79-fold higher than that from standard conditions using sucrose as the carbon source. The purified sucrolytic enzyme (sleTKU004) is a 53 kDa monomeric protein and belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 68. The optimum temperature and pH of sleTKU004 were 50 °C, and pH = 6, respectively. SleTKU004 could hydrolyze sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose by attacking the glycoside linkage between glucose and fructose molecules of the sucrose unit. The Km and Vmax of sleTKU004 were 1.16 M and 5.99 µmol/min, respectively. Finally, sleTKU004 showed strong sucrose tolerance and presented the highest hydrolytic activity at the sucrose concentration of 1.2 M–1.5 M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Phuong Hanh Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Trung Dung Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Doan CT, Chen CL, Nguyen VB, Tran TN, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Conversion of Pectin-Containing By-Products to Pectinases by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Applications on Hydrolyzing Banana Peels for Prebiotics Production. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091483. [PMID: 34064519 PMCID: PMC8124133 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of pectin-containing by-products may be useful in a variety of fields. This study aims to establish the processing of pectin-containing by-products to produce pectinases using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TKU050 strain. In this study, several kinds of agricultural pectin-containing by-products from banana (banana peel), rice (rice bran), orange (orange peel), coffee (spent coffee grounds), and wheat (wheat bran) were utilized to provide carbon sources for the production of a pectinase by B. amyloliquefaciens TKU050. B. amyloliquefaciens TKU050 expressed the highest pectinase productivity (0.76 U/mL) on 0.5% wheat bran-containing medium at 37°C for four days. A 58 kDa pectinase was purified from the four-day cultured medium fermented under optimized culture conditions with 7.24% of a recovery ratio and 0.51 U/mg of specific activity, respectively. The optimum temperature, optimum pH, thermal stability, and pH stability of the TKU050 pectinase were 50 °C, pH 6, <50 °C, and pH 6–9, respectively. The TKU050 pectinase was inhibited by sodium dodecyl sulfate and Cu2+. The reducing sugar obtained by hydrolyzing banana peel with TKU050 pectinase showed the growth-enhancing effect on the growth of four tested lactic acid bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (C.-L.C.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Chien-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (C.-L.C.); (T.N.T.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (C.-L.C.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (C.-L.C.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Utilization of Seafood Processing By-Products for Production of Proteases by Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 and Their Application in Biopeptides' Preparation. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110574. [PMID: 33233577 PMCID: PMC7699763 DOI: 10.3390/md18110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of by-products is a renewable and efficient technique in the development of a range of useful products. In this study, protease synthesis by Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 was carried out on culture media containing some common seafood processing by-products (SPBPs) as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen (C/N). The most suitable C/N nutrition source for the production of proteases was found to be 3.0% (w/v) demineralized crab shells powder (deCSP) and maximal enzyme activity of 4.41 ± 0.16 U/mL was detected on the third day of the culture. Two proteases (P1 and P2) with a similar molecular weight of 31 kDa were successfully isolated and purified from the 3-day deCSP-containing medium. Both P1 and P2 exhibited the highest activity of gelatin hydrolysis at pH 6 and 60 °C. The gelatin hydrolysates catalyzed by Paenibacillus TKU052 proteases were evaluated for biological activities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, and prebiotic activities. The gelatin hydrolysates expressed 31.76–43.95% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 31.58–36.84% ACE inhibitory activity, which was higher than those from gelatin. Gelatin hydrolysates also showed the growth-enhancing effect on Bifidobacterium bifidum BCRC 14615 with an increase to 135.70–147.81%. In short, Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 could be a potential strain to utilize crab shell wastes to produce proteases for bio-active peptides’ preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nguyen VB, Ton TQ, Nguyen DN, Nguyen TT, Ngu TN, Nguyen TH, Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen MT, Ho ND, Nguyen AD, Kuo YH, Wang SL. Reclamation of beneficial bioactivities of herbal antioxidant condensed tannin extracted from Euonymus laxiflorus. Res Chem Intermed 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Wang SL, Nguyen VB, Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen MT, Nguyen AD. Production and Potential Applications of Bioconversion of Chitin and Protein-Containing Fishery Byproducts into Prodigiosin: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122744. [PMID: 32545769 PMCID: PMC7356639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The technology of microbial conversion provides a potential way to exploit compounds of biotechnological potential. The red pigment prodigiosin (PG) and other PG-like pigments from bacteria, majorly from Serratia marcescens, have been reported as bioactive secondary metabolites that can be used in the broad fields of agriculture, fine chemicals, and pharmacy. Increasing PG productivity by investigating the culture conditions especially the inexpensive carbon and nitrogen (C/N) sources has become an important factor for large-scale production. Investigations into the bioactivities and applications of PG and its related compounds have also been given increased attention. To save production cost, chitin and protein-containing fishery byproducts have recently been investigated as the sole C/N source for the production of PG and chitinolytic/proteolytic enzymes. This strategy provides an environmentally-friendly selection using inexpensive C/N sources to produce a high yield of PG together with chitinolytic and proteolytic enzymes by S. marcescens. The review article will provide effective references for production, bioactivity, and application of S. marcescens PG in various fields such as biocontrol agents and potential pharmaceutical drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-L.W.); (V.B.N.); Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656 (S.-L.W.); Fax: +886-2-2620-9924 (S.-L.W.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (S.-L.W.); (V.B.N.); Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656 (S.-L.W.); Fax: +886-2-2620-9924 (S.-L.W.)
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Minh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Tran TD, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Bioprocessing of Squid Pens Waste into Chitosanase by Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 and Its Application in Low-Molecular Weight Chitosan Oligosaccharides Production. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051163. [PMID: 32438616 PMCID: PMC7284385 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) has become of great interest in recent years because of its worthy biological activities. This study aims to produce COS using the enzymatic method, and investigates Paenibacillus sp. TKU047, a chitinolytic-producing strain, in terms of its chitosanase productivity on several chitinous material-containing mediums from fishery process wastes. The highest amount of chitosanase was produced on the medium using 2% (w/v) squid pens powder (0.60 U/mL) as the single carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source. The molecular mass of TKU047 chitosanase, which could be the smallest one among chitinases/chitosanases from the Paenibacillus genus, was approximately 23 kDa according to the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. TKU047 chitosanase possessed the highest activity at 60 °C, pH 7, and toward chitosan solution with a higher degree of deacetylation (DDA) value. Additionally, the hydrolysis products of 98% DDA chitosan catalyzed by TKU047 chitosanase showed the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from 2 to 9, suggesting that it was an endo-type activity chitosanase. The free radical scavenging activity of the obtained chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was determined. The result showed that COS produced with Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 chitosanase expressed a higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than that from the commercial COSs with maximum activity and IC50 values of 81.20% and 1.02 mg/mL; 18.63% and 15.37 mg/mL; and 15.96% and 15.16 mg/mL, respectively. As such, Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 may have potential use in converting squid pens waste to produce chitosanase as an enzyme for bio-activity COS preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Trung Dung Tran
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang CH, Doan CT, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Reclamation of Fishery Processing Waste: A Mini-Review. Molecules 2019; 24:E2234. [PMID: 31207992 PMCID: PMC6630555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Seafood such as fish, shellfish, and squid are a unique source of nutrients. However, many marine processing byproducts, such as viscera, shells, heads, and bones, are discarded, even though they are rich sources of structurally diverse bioactive nitrogenous components. Based on emerging evidence of their potential health benefits, these components show significant promise as functional food ingredients. Fish waste components contain significant levels of high-quality protein, which represents a source for biofunctional peptide mining. The chitin contained in shrimp shells, crab shells, and squid pens may also be of value. The components produced by bioconversion are reported to have antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anticoagulant activities. This review provides an overview of the extraordinary potential of processing fish and chitin-containing seafood byproducts via chemical procedures, enzymatic and fermentation technologies, and chemical modifications, as well as their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Production of a Thermostable Chitosanase from Shrimp Heads via Paenibacillus mucilaginosus TKU032 Conversion and its Application in the Preparation of Bioactive Chitosan Oligosaccharides. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040217. [PMID: 30974812 PMCID: PMC6520834 DOI: 10.3390/md17040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosanase has attracted great attention due to its potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and nutraceuticals. In this study, P. mucilaginosus TKU032, a bacterial strain isolated from Taiwanese soil, exhibited the highest chitosanase activity (0.53 U/mL) on medium containing shrimp heads as the sole carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, a chitosanase isolated from P. mucilaginosus TKU032 cultured on shrimp head medium was determined at approximately 59 kDa. The characterized chitosanase showed interesting properties with optimal temperature and thermal stability up to 70 °C. Three chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) fractions were isolated from hydrolyzed colloidal chitosan that was catalyzed by TKU032 chitosanase. Of these, fraction I showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitor (aGI) activity (65.86% at 20 mg/mL); its inhibitory mechanism followed the mixed noncompetitive inhibition model. Fractions II and III exhibited strong 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (79.00% at 12 mg/mL and 73.29% at 16 mg/mL, respectively). In summary, the COS fractions obtained by hydrolyzing colloidal chitosan with TKU032 chitosanase may have potential use in medical or nutraceutical fields due to their aGI and antioxidant activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Vo TPK, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Chitin extraction from shrimp waste by liquid fermentation using an alkaline protease-producing strain, Brevibacillus parabrevis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:706-715. [PMID: 30904526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an extracellular protease, but no chitinolytic enzyme-producing strain, Brevibacillus parabrevis TKU046, has been isolated and analyzed for the deproteinization testing of shrimp waste by liquid fermentation. Deproteinization assays of shrimp waste with this microbe showed 95% protein removal after 4 days fermentation. The efficiency of chitin extraction by B. parabrevis TKU046 on wastes of three shrimp species were also investigated in which the highest deproteinization was found on cooked tiger shrimp shell. Infrared spectra (IR) of the obtained chitin displayed characteristic profiles for chitin. The culture supernatant released after fermentation greatly exhibited growth enhancing effect on Lactobacillus rhamnosus. In addition, B. parabrevis TKU046 protease was isolated and determined the characteristics. The molecular mass of B. parabrevis TKU046 protease was determined as 32 kDa and 34 kDa, respectively, by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. Overall, the findings provide strong support for the potential candidacy of this enzyme as an effective and eco-friendly alternative to the conventional chemicals used for the deproteinization of shrimp heads in the chitin processing industry, as well as the production of prebiotics to be used in the nutraceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Phuong Khanh Vo
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Viet Nam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen MT, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Anti-α-Glucosidase Activity by a Protease from Bacillus licheniformis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040691. [PMID: 30769933 PMCID: PMC6412742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-α-glucosidase (AAG) compounds have received great attention due to their potential use in treating diabetes. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis TKU004, an isolated bacterial strain from Taiwanese soil, produced AAG activity in the culture supernatant when squid pens were used as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. The protein TKU004P, which was isolated from B. licheniformis TKU004, showed stronger AAG activity than acarbose, a commercial anti-diabetic drug (IC50 = 0.1 mg/mL and 2.02 mg/mL, respectively). The molecular weight of TKU004P, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), was 29 kDa. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that TKU004P may be a protease that demonstrates AAG activity by degrading yeast α-glucosidase. Among the four chitinous sources of C/N, TKU004P produced the highest AAG activity in the culture supernatant when shrimp head powder was used as the sole source (470.66 U/mL). For comparison, 16 proteases, were investigated for AAG activity but TKU004P produced the highest levels. Overall, the findings suggest that TKU004P could have applications in the biochemical and medicinal fields thanks to its ability to control the activity of α-glucosidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Minh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang HT, Wang SL, Nguyen VB, Kuo YH. Isolation and Identification of Potent Antidiabetic Compounds from Antrodia cinnamomea-An Edible Taiwanese Mushroom. Molecules 2018; 23:E2864. [PMID: 30400247 PMCID: PMC6278467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea (AC), an edible Taiwanese mushroom, has been recognized as a valuable natural resource with vast biological and medicinal benefits. Recently, the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic effects of AC were mentioned in several studies. However, no studies have investigated α-glucosidase inhibitors from AC fruiting bodies (ACFB) as they relate to type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment. The purpose of this study was to gain evidence of potent α-glucosidase inhibitory effects, as well as isolate, identify and characterize the active compounds of ACFB. The MeOH extract of ACFB demonstrated potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and possessed high pH stability (pH 2⁻11) and thermostable properties at 40⁻50 °C. Further purification led to the isolation of eight constituents from ACFB, identified as: 25S-antcin K (1), 25R-antcin K (2), dehydrosulphurenic acid (3), 25S-antcin I (4), 25S-antcin B (5), 25R-antcin B (6), dehydroeburicoic acid (7) and eburicoic acid (8). Notably, the ACFB extract and its identified compounds, except 1, 4, and 6 demonstrated a greater effect (EC50 = 0.025⁻0.21 mg/mL) than acarbose (EC50 = 0.278 mg/mL). As such, these active compounds were determined to be new potent mushroom α-glucosidase inhibitors. These active compounds were also identified on the HPLC fingerprints of ACFB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tse Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Reclamation of Marine Chitinous Materials for Chitosanase Production via Microbial Conversion by Paenibacillus macerans. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E429. [PMID: 30400216 PMCID: PMC6265764 DOI: 10.3390/md16110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinous materials from marine byproducts elicit great interest among biotechnologists for their potential biomedical or agricultural applications. In this study, four kinds of marine chitinous materials (squid pens, shrimp heads, demineralized shrimp shells, and demineralized crab shells) were used to screen the best source for producing chitosanase by Paenibacillus macerans TKU029. Among them, the chitosanase activity was found to be highest in the culture using the medium containing squid pens as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. A chitosanase which showed molecular weights at 63 kDa was isolated from P. macerans cultured on a squid pens medium. The purified TKU029 chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at 60 °C and pH 7, and was stable at temperatures under 50 °C and pH 3-8. An analysis by MALDI-TOF MS revealed that the chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) obtained from the hydrolysis of water-soluble chitosan by TKU029 crude enzyme showed various degrees of polymerization (DP), varying from 3⁻6. The obtained COS enhanced the growth of four lactic acid bacteria strains but exhibited no effect on the growth of E. coli. By specialized growth enhancing effects, the COS produced from hydrolyzing water soluble chitosan with TKU029 chitinolytic enzymes could have potential for use in medicine or nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tran TN, Doan CT, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. The isolation of chitinase from Streptomyces thermocarboxydus and its application in the preparation of chitin oligomers. Res Chem Intermed 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
19
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Nguyen TH, Nguyen MT, Doan CT, Tran TN, Lin ZH, Nguyen QV, Kuo YH, Nguyen AD. Novel Potent Hypoglycemic Compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. and Their Effect on Reducing Plasma Glucose in an ICR Mouse Model. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081928. [PMID: 30072618 PMCID: PMC6222451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors (aGIs) have been used as an effective therapy for type-2 diabetes, which remains a global health issue. The aim of this study was to achieve bioactivity-guided isolation, identification and evaluation of hypoglycemic compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. trunk bark (ELCTB). Eleven active compounds were isolated and identified as walterolactone A/B β-d-pyranoglucoside (1), 1-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene (9), (−)-gallocatechin (10), schweinfurthinol 9-O-β-d-pyranoglucoside (11), 1-O-(3-methyl)-butenoyl-myo-inositol (12), leonuriside (14), (+)-catechin (19), methyl galloate (20), (−)-catechin (23), and condensed tannins (5 and 18). Of these 11, novel 4 compounds (1, 11, 12, and 14) were found as new α-glucosidase inhibitors. Notably, in vitro results indicated that compounds 1, 5, 10–12, 18, and 19 showed potent activity (IC50 = 0.076−31 µg/mL), and their activities were at a higher level than that of acarbose, a commercial inhibitor (IC50 = 1345 µg/mL). In animal tests, the major inhibitor, condensed tannin (18), demonstrated significant reduction of plasma glucose in mice with no symptoms of diarrhea at the dose of 100 mg/kg bw. The results suggest that Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. is a rich source of bioactive compounds for development as health food or drugs with potent hypoglycemic effect. The results of this study also enriched the current novel biological activities of constituents from Euonymus laxiflorus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Thi Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Minh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Quang Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Nhan NT, Nguyen TH, Nguyen NPD, Nghi DH, Cuong NM. New Records of Potent In-Vitro Antidiabetic Properties of Dalbergia tonkinensis Heartwood and the Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Active Compounds. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071589. [PMID: 29966279 PMCID: PMC6099635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity has been commonly used for the evaluation of antidiabetic property in vitro. The aim of this study is to investigate and characterize Dalbergia tonkinensis as a potential source of antidiabetic compounds. The screening of the active parts used, such as trunk bark, heartwood, and the leaves of Dalbergia tonkinensis indicated that all these extracted parts used with methanol demonstrated potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The in vitro antidiabetic property of Dalbergia tonkinensis was notably recorded for the first time and showed activity (EC50 = 0.17–0.78 mg/mL) comparable to those of reported potent herbal extracts (EC50 = 0.25–4.0 mg/mL) and higher activity than that of acarbose, a commercial antidiabetic drug (EC50 = 1.21 mg/mL). The stability tests revealed that the heartwood of Dalbergia tonkinensis extract (HDT) possesses high pH stability with relative activity in the range of 80–98%. Further bioassay-guided purification led to the isolation of 2 active compounds identified as sativanone and formononetin from the ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction of HDT, respectively. These α-glucosidase inhibitors (aGIs) show promising inhibition against various types of α-glucosidases. Remarkably, these inhibitors were determined as new mammalian aGIs, showing good effect on rat α-glucosidase. The results suggest that Dalbergia tonkinensis is a potent source of aGIs and suggest promise in being developed as functional food with antidiabetic efficacy. The results of this study also enrich our knowledge concerning current biological activity and constituents of Dalbergia tonkinensis species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Ngu Truong Nhan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 122100, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Phuong Dai Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Do Huu Nghi
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 122100, Vietnam.
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 122100, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Manh Cuong
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 122100, Vietnam.
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 122100, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Conversion of Squid Pens to Chitosanases and Proteases via Paenibacillus sp. TKU042. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E83. [PMID: 29517987 PMCID: PMC5867627 DOI: 10.3390/md16030083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosanases and proteases have received much attention due to their wide range of applications. Four kinds of chitinous materials, squid pens, shrimp heads, demineralized shrimp shells and demineralized crab shells, were used as the sole carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source to produce chitosanases, proteases and α-glucosidase inhibitors (αGI) by four different strains of Paenibacillus. Chitosanase productivity was highest in the culture supernatants using squid pens as the sole C/N source. The maximum chitosanase activity of fermented squid pens (0.759 U/mL) was compared to that of fermented shrimp heads (0.397 U/mL), demineralized shrimp shells (0.201 U/mL) and demineralized crab shells (0.216 U/mL). A squid pen concentration of 0.5% was suitable for chitosanase, protease and αGI production via Paenibacillus sp. TKU042. Multi-purification, including ethanol precipitation and column chromatography of Macro-Prep High S as well as Macro-Prep DEAE (diethylaminoethyl), led to the isolation of Paenibacillus sp. TKU042 chitosanase and protease with molecular weights of 70 and 35 kDa, respectively. For comparison, 16 chitinolytic bacteria, including strains of Paenibacillus, were investigated for the production of chitinase, exochitinase, chitosanase, protease and αGI using two kinds of chitinous sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang SL, Su YC, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD. Reclamation of shrimp heads for the production of α-glucosidase inhibitors by Staphylococcus sp. TKU043. Res Chem Intermed 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
23
|
Wang SL, Yu HT, Tsai MH, Doan CT, Nguyen VB, Do VC, Nguyen AD. Conversion of squid pens to chitosanases and dye adsorbents via Bacillus cereus. Res Chem Intermed 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Hsu CH, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Conversion of shrimp heads to α-glucosidase inhibitors via co-culture of Bacillus mycoides TKU040 and Rhizobium sp. TKU041. Res Chem Intermed 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL. Reclamation of Marine Chitinous Materials for the Production of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors via Microbial Conversion. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110350. [PMID: 29112160 PMCID: PMC5706040 DOI: 10.3390/md15110350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Six kinds of chitinous materials have been used as sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) sources for producing α-glucosidase inhibitors (aGI) by Paenibacillus sp. TKU042. The aGI productivity was found to be highest in the culture supernatants using demineralized crab shell powder (deCSP) and demineralized shrimp shell powder (deSSP) as the C/N source. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and maximum aGI activity of fermented deCSP (38 µg/mL, 98%), deSSP (108 µg/mL, 89%), squid pen powder (SPP) (422 µg/mL, 98%), and shrimp head powder (SHP) (455 µg/mL, 92%) were compared with those of fermented nutrient broth (FNB) (81 µg/mL, 93%) and acarbose (1095 µg/mL, 74%), a commercial antidiabetic drug. The result of the protein/chitin ratio on aGI production showed that the optimal ratio was 0.2/1. Fermented deCSP showed lower IC50 and higher maximum inhibitory activity than those of acarbose against rat intestinal α-glucosidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Nguyen AD, Vo TPK, Zhang LJ, Nguyen QV, Kuo YH. Isolation and identification of novel α-amylase inhibitors from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. Res Chem Intermed 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
28
|
Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Utilization of Fishery Processing By-Product Squid Pens for α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Production by Paenibacillus sp. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090274. [PMID: 28867763 PMCID: PMC5618413 DOI: 10.3390/md15090274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The supernatants (the solution part received after centrifugation) of squid pens fermented by four species of Paenibacillus showed potent inhibitory activity against α-glucosidases derived from yeast (79–98%) and rats (76–83%). The inhibition of acarbose—a commercial antidiabetic drug, used against yeast and rat α-glucosidases—was tested for comparison; it showed inhibitory activity of 64% and 88%, respectively. Other chitinolytic or proteolytic enzyme-producing bacterial strains were also used to ferment squid pens, but no inhibition activity was detected from the supernatants. Paenibacillus sp. TKU042, the most active α-glucosidase inhibitor (aGI)-producing strain, was selected to determine the optimal cultivation parameters. This bacterium achieved the highest aGI productivity (527 µg/mL) when 1% squid pens were used as the sole carbon/nitrogen source with a medium volume of 130 mL (initial pH 6.85) in a 250 mL flask (48% of air head space), at 30 °C for 3–4 d. The aGI productivity increased 3.1-fold after optimization of the culture conditions. Some valuable characteristics of Paenibacillus aGIs were also studied, including pH and thermal stability and specific inhibitory activity. These microbial aGIs showed efficient inhibition against α-glucosidases from rat, yeast, and bacteria, but weak inhibition against rice α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 362, 252, 189, and 773 µg/mL, respectively. In particular, these aGIs showed highly stable activity over a large pH (2–13) and temperature range (40–100 °C). Various techniques, including: Diaoin, Octadecylsilane opened columns, and preparative HPLC coupled with testing bioactivity resulted in isolating a main active compound; this major inhibitor was identified as homogentisic acid (HGA). Notably, HGA was confirmed as a new inhibitor, a non-sugar-based aGI, and as possessing stronger activity than acarbose with IC50, and maximum inhibition values of 220 μg/mL, 95%, and 1510 μg/mL, 65%, respectively. These results suggest that squid pens, an abundant and low-cost fishery processing by-product, constitute a viable source for the production of antidiabetic materials via fermentation by strains of Paenibacillus. This fermented product shows promising applications in diabetes or diabetes related to obesity treatment due to their stability, potent bioactivity, and efficient inhibition against mammalian enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Kuo YH, Wang SL. Biosynthesis of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors by a Newly Isolated Bacterium, Paenibacillus sp. TKU042 and Its Effect on Reducing Plasma Glucose in a Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040700. [PMID: 28346347 PMCID: PMC5412286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Paenibacillus sp. TKU042, a bacterium isolated from Taiwanese soil, produced α-glucosidase inhibitors (aGIs) in the culture supernatant when commercial nutrient broth (NB) was used as the medium for fermentation. The supernatant of fermented NB (FNB) showed stronger inhibitory activities than acarbose, a commercial anti-diabetic drug. The IC50 and maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (aGIA) of FNB and acarbose against α-glucosidase were 81 μg/mL, 92% and 1395 μg/mL, 63%, respectively. FNB was found to be strongly thermostable, retaining 95% of its relative activity, even after heating at 100 °C for 30 min. FNB was also stable at various pH values. Furthermore, FNB demonstrated antioxidant activity (IC50 = 2.23 mg/mL). In animal tests, FNB showed remarkable reductions in the plasma glucose of ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice at a concentration of 200 mg/kg. Combining FNB and acarbose enhanced the effect even more, with an added advantage of eliminating diarrhea. According to HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography) fingerprinting, the Paenibacillus sp. TKU042 aGIs were not acarbose. All of the results suggest that Paenibacillus sp. TKU042 FNB could have potential use as a health food or to treat type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nguyen VB, Nguyen QV, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Screening and evaluation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from indigenous medicinal plants in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. Res Chem Intermed 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Raymond J, Nguyen VB, Vidal-Trecan G, Kalach N. [Helicobacter pylori infection in children of developing countries]. Med Trop (Mars) 2005; 65:383-8. [PMID: 16548496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of Helicobacterpylori infection in developing countries is early acquisition of the bacteria during childhood. Recent study has documented the frequency of transient infection in young children in particular during the first year following eradication therapy. Children living in developing countries present several risk factors for acquisition including crowding, young age, and recurrent gastroenteritis. The risk of infection increases significantly in function of the number of infected persons in a child's family. Using molecular biology techniques based on gene sequencing, we have shown that strains in different members of the same family were identical not only between parents and children but also between siblings. The relationship between chronic diarrhoea, retarded growth, iron-deficient anaemia, and Helicobacter pylori infection in children especially from developing countries remains controversial. Gram staining of biopsy smears to detect Helicobacter pylori is an efficient diagnostic method and can be a good alternative when culture is unfeasible. Respiratory testing and detection of antigens in stools are effective and appear to be well suited to diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. In developing countries Helicobacter pylori is a common infectious agent warranting further study to gain insight into clinical presentation, epidemiological features, and treatment requirements including sensitivity to antibiotics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Raymond
- Service de Bactériologie, l'Hôpital Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ghisolfi J, Berrebi A, Nguyen VB, Thouvenot JP, Rolland M, Putet G, Dabadie A, Pontonnier G. Placental taurine and low birth weight infants. Biol Neonate 1989; 56:181-5. [PMID: 2804182 DOI: 10.1159/000243120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine whether the decrease in taurine concentration in the placenta during pregnancy could affect fetal development, as has been observed in animals, we measured the concentration of taurine in placentas obtained after vaginal expulsion. 31 placentas from women with normal pregnancies of over 37 weeks who have given birth to infants of normal weight (3,200 +/- 310 g) were included in the study. In addition, 26 placentas of infants considered to be hypotrophic were also included (gestation over 37 weeks, birth weight: 2,260 +/- 230 g). The taurine was assayed using gaz-liquid chromatography. The concentration of taurine in the placenta was 2.80 +/- 0.56 mumol/g for the placentas of normal birth weight infants and 2.40 +/- 0.64 mumol/g for the placentas of hypotrophic infants (p less than 0.02). There is no significant correlation in normal and hypotrophic newborns between the gestation period, the weight and height at birth, the weight of the placenta, and the taurine concentration in the placenta. The taurine concentration in placentas of hypotrophic born infants is significantly reduced compared to the placentas from normal infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ghisolfi
- Groupe d'Etudes en Nutrition Infantile, CHR Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ghisolfi J, Nguyen VB, Thouvenot JP, Rolland M, Putet G, Lapalu-Traon C. Taurine in developing brain, liver and muscle in infants. Biol Neonate 1989; 56:186-91. [PMID: 2804183 DOI: 10.1159/000243121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate tissue taurine storage during pregnancy, we determined the taurine concentration of a skeletal muscle (abdominal wall), the brain (left parietal lobe), and the liver (right lobe) in 41 children aged 1-10 days, born after 24-41 weeks gestation. Samples were obtained during autopsy. Taurine dosage was carried out by gas chromatography. Muscle and liver taurine concentrations decreased with the duration of gestation. For a given duration of pregnancy, there was no correlation between birth weight and these three tissue concentrations. From these results, we estimate that the fetus accumulates 35-40 mumol/24 h of taurine during the last 3 months of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ghisolfi
- Groupe d'Etudes en Nutrition Infantile, CHR Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ghisolfi J, Landetcheverry O, Olives JP, Thouvenot JP, Nguyen VB, Vaux J. [Evaluation of the lean body and/or muscle mass in children receiving artificial nutrition. Comparative value of anthropometric data and the urinary excretion of creatinine and 3-methylhistidine]. Arch Fr Pediatr 1984; 41:385-9. [PMID: 6435589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lean body mass was estimated in 15 adequately nourished and afebrile children, aged 1 to 24 months, receiving parenteral and/or enteral nutrition with anthropometric measurements (30 analyses). At the same time, muscle mass was evaluated from the 24 hour-urinary excretion of creatinine and 3-methylhistidine. Statistical computations showed and excellent correlation between the results obtained by both methods. The stable conditions for these children receiving artificial nutrition (normal nitrogen, carbohydrate and fat intakes, excluding exogenous creatinine and 3-methylhistidine) allow the use of these two biological measurements as markers of muscle mass and provide a control for the validity of the results of anthropometric measurements. Urinary excretion of 3-methyl-histidine not correlated with that of creatinine or with anthropometric data should suggest an increase in myofibrillary catabolism. These 3 simple, non invasive tests may be particularly useful in patients receiving artificial nutrition, to study the short- and long-term efficacy of the methods of artificial feeding used and to modulate the intake of nitrogen, carbohydrates and fat.
Collapse
|