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Mugoša S, Vračar V, Tešin N, Mitrović J, Tomanić D, Kovačević Z. Antimicrobial veterinary drug sale pattern in correlation with critically important antimicrobials for human use: A five-year study in Montenegro. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2023; 70:340-347. [PMID: 37902860 DOI: 10.1556/030.2023.02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat in veterinary medicine due to the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents, compromising the effectiveness of these drugs. To combat AMR, the collection of data on the consumption of antibiotics is paramount, as there is a well-established connection between antibiotic use and AMR in both humans and food-producing animals. Hence, the current study aimed to generate measurable data concerning the sales patterns of antimicrobial drugs used in animal treatment in Montenegro over a five-year period (from 2017 to 2021). Furthermore, the study aimed to compare these sales figures with the overall sales of antimicrobial veterinary medicine products (AMVMPs) during the same period, with particular emphasis on the utilization of critically important antimicrobials (CIAs) for human use. Data on AMVMPs consumption from 2017 to 2021 were expressed in euros and were sourced from the Institute for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro (CInMED) annual reports, complying with the regulatory framework of the Law on Medicines in this country. Research results indicate that the sales of AMVMPs increased from 2017 to peak in 2019, followed by a stable decline of 21.79% in 2021. However, the portion of selected CIAs AMVMPs in total sales experienced a minor decline from 2017 to 2019, followed by a noticeable 6.11% increase from 2019 to 2021. In order to address AMR challenges, these findings emphasize the importance of enhancing surveillance and monitoring of veterinary antimicrobial use, as well as CIAs for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Mugoša
- 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
- 2Institute for Medicine and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Vuk Vračar
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Nadežda Tešin
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jana Mitrović
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Dragana Tomanić
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - Zorana Kovačević
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
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Simin S, Vračar V, Kozoderović G, Stevanov S, Alić A, Lalošević D, Lalošević V. Subcutaneous Taenia crassiceps Cysticercosis in a Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) in a Serbian Zoo. Acta Parasitol 2023:10.1007/s11686-023-00679-w. [PMID: 37099074 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different rodent species serve as natural intermediate hosts for carnivore tapeworm Taenia crassiceps. However, this cestode occasionally infects various dead-end hosts including humans and other primates and may cause serious pathological implications with potentially fatal outcome. In this paper, we present subcutaneous cysticercosis caused by T. crassiceps, found in a previously healthy 17-years-old male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) in a Serbian Zoo. CASE PRESENTATION The animal was presented to a veterinarian with a history of periarticular subcutaneous swelling in medial right knee region. After fine needle aspiration revealed cycticerci-like structures, a surgery was performed for complete extraction of the incapsulated multicystic mass containing numerous cysticerci. Collected material was sent for parasitological, histological and molecular analysis. One month after surgery, the lemur died due to respiratory failure unrelated to cysticercosis. Based on morphological features of large and small hooks and characteristic proliferation of cysticerci, a metacestode of T. crassiceps was identified, which was confirmed after sequencing of obtained amplicons and comparing them to the GenBank database. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the few reported cases of T. crassiceps cysticercosis in a ring-tailed lemur, and the first one in Serbia. This endangered species seem to be more sensitive for T. crassiceps than other non-human primates, which represents serious conservation challenge for captive animals. Due to zoonotic nature of the parasite, challenging diagnosis, severity of the disease, difficult treatment and possible fatalities, high biosecurity measures are of particular importance, especially in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Simin
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Vuk Vračar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Amer Alić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dušan Lalošević
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna Lalošević
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Kozoderović G, Lalošević V, Süli T, Vračar V. The first record of mcr-1 gene for colistin resistance in pigs from Serbia: should we be worried? Pol J Vet Sci 2022; 25:463-467. [PMID: 36155557 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.142031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colistin is being used as a last-resort drug to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in humans. In veterinary medicine, colistin has been used for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. In the first study of mcr genes by multiplex PCR in healthy pigs from Serbia, we discovered mcr-1 in 4.85% out of 350 fecal samples. The presence of mcr-1 gene was detected on three farms located less than 100 km apart from each other, predominantly in piglet samples. The results point to the necessity of monitoring of colistin resistance and the mcr genes in food producing animals as well as restricting colistin usage on farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kozoderović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education in Sombor, Podgorička 4, 25000 Sombor, Republic of Serbia
| | - V Lalošević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
| | - T Süli
- Veterinarski zavod Subotica, Beogradski put 123, 24000 Subotica, Serbia
| | - V Vračar
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia
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Süli T, Kozoderović G, Potkonjak A, Vidanović D, Tešović B, Vračar V, Miladinović Tasić N, Stensvold CR, Lalošević V. Subtyping Blastocystis in pigs and humans revealed unusual avian-specific subtype ST6 in humans in Serbia. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 68:544-548. [PMID: 33822468 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Blastocystis is a common protist colonizing the gastrointestinal tract of humans and various animals. The first subtyping of Blastocystis isolates in pigs and humans in Serbia revealed unusual avian-specific subtype ST6 in humans. In total, 48 pig faecal specimens collected on seven pig farms and 50 human faecal specimens positive to Blastocystis by microscopic examination were selected for the study. Eleven randomly selected PCR-positive pig samples and 10 samples from human patients (with gastrointestinal complaints) were subjected to SSU rDNA sequencing. Three subtypes were identified (ST3, ST5 and ST6) by phylogenetic analysis. ST5 was found in all pig samples; while in human samples, we detected ST3 and ST6. The latter subtype is relatively uncommon in Europe and highly adapted to avian hosts; therefore, the possibility of sporadic zoonotic transmission to human patients should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Süli
- Prophyl Animal Health Ltd., Mohács, Hungary
| | | | - Aleksandar Potkonjak
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dejan Vidanović
- Veterinary Specialist Institute "Kraljevo", Kraljevo, Serbia
| | - Bojana Tešović
- Veterinary Specialist Institute "Kraljevo", Kraljevo, Serbia
| | - Vuk Vračar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Vesna Lalošević
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Potkonjak A, Kleinerman G, Gutiérrez R, Savić S, Vračar V, Nachum-Biala Y, Jurišić A, Rojas A, Petrović A, Ivanović I, Harrus S, Baneth G. Occurrence of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Ixodes ricinus Ticks with First Identification of Borrelia miyamotoi in Vojvodina, Serbia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:631-5. [PMID: 27574731 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in Eurasia. Borrelia miyamotoi is the only known relapsing fever Borrelia group spirochete transmitted by Ixodes species. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Lyme Borrelia spp. and relapsing fever Borrelia spp. in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from dogs and the vegetation from different parts of Vojvodina, Serbia. A total of 71 Ixodes ricinus ticks were collected and screened for the presence of Lyme Borrelia spp. group and relapsing fever Borrelia spp. by real-time PCR for the Borrelia flagellin B (flaB) gene followed by DNA sequencing of PCR products. Species identification was verified by PCR of the outer surface protein A (ospA) gene for Lyme Disease Borrelia spp. and by PCR of the glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (glpQ) gene for relapsing fever Borrelia spp. Lyme Borrelia spp. were found in 15/71 (21.13%) of the ticks evaluated and included B. luisitaniae (11.3%), B. afzelii (7%), B. valaisiana (1.4%), and B. garinii (1.4%). Borrelia miyamotoi, from the relapsing fever Borrelia complex, was found, for the first time in Serbia, in one (1.4%) nymph collected from the environment. Co-infections between Borrelia species in ticks were not detected. These results suggest that the dominance of species within B. burgdorferi s.l. complex in I. ricinus ticks may vary over time and in different geographic regions. Further systematic studies of Borrelia species in vectors and reservoir hosts are needed to understand eco-epidemiology of these zoonotic infections and how to prevent human infection in the best way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Potkonjak
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gabriela Kleinerman
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sara Savić
- 3 Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad ," Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vuk Vračar
- 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Yaarit Nachum-Biala
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aleksandar Jurišić
- 4 Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Alicia Rojas
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aleksandra Petrović
- 4 Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Ivanović
- 4 Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Shimon Harrus
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gad Baneth
- 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot, Israel
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Stojanac N, Stevančević O, Prodanov Radulović J, Došen R, Cincović MR, Potkonjak A, Vračar V. FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF A BOAR DIED DURING TRANSPORT AIMED AT REIMBURSEMENT OF INSURED ANIMAL. AVM 2016. [DOI: 10.46784/e-avm.v8i1.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The long lasting transport of high-value animals during the import represents the signifi cant stress factor for animals, which can lead to severehealth problems and even animal death. Thus, insurance of animals against the event of death is highly recommended. In case of the damage ofthe insured animal (death) it is necessary to implement all statutory and contractual measures for determining the reasons of the damage in orderto eff ectively compensate the loss in the country, in which the animal is insured. In this article, we described the case control study, a death of breeding animal (boar) during the transport (import) from Denmark to Serbia. The animal was insured in exporting country and the forensic expertise was necessary to the purpose of adequate insurance compensation. On the basis of applied methods, which included medical history, records of clinical fi ndings, gross pathological fi ndings and laboratory examination, the cause of death of imported boar was identifi ed (heart failure and suff ocation). The Danish insurance company accepted the results of the examination and compensation has been successfully implemented on behalf of the dead boar.
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Potkonjak A, Savić S, Spasojević Kosić L, Vračar V, Kudus R, Suvajdžić L, Radišić N. SEROPREVALENCE OF CANINE MONOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS IN HUNTING DOGS IN THE AUTONOMOUS PROVINCE OF VOJVODINA, SERBIA. AVM 2015. [DOI: 10.46784/e-avm.v7i1.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is a bacterial, vector-transmitted infection caused by Ehrlichia canis. Th e pathogen is mainly transmitted by ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The disease highest distributionis most widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries but it is also reported in Mediterranean countries of Europe (Spain, France, Italy, Turkey). Temperate continental climate and presence of these tick species are responsible for the maintenance and spreading of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis within the dog population in our region as well. Since hunting dogs are more exposed to tick bites then pet dogs, ed thisour study was conducted with the aims of determining the seroprevalence and basic epidemiological characteristics of monocytic ehrlichiosis infection in the population of hunting dogs, and comparing the obtained results with the results of other authors. This research involved 58 hunting dogs from the region of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. All dogs were clinically examined and their basic epidemiological characteristics were recorded. Then, blood samples were collected in order to determine the presence of specifi c G class antibodies against Ehrlichia canis antigens. An indirect immunofl uorescence test manufactured by VMRD, U.S.A., was used. In this study, the seroprevalence of monocytic ehrlichiosis in a population of examined hunting dogs from the region of Vojvodina was 13.79%. Th is rate is similar to the seroprevalence of monocytic ehrlichiosis in the general population of dogs in Vojvodina.
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Savić S, Vidić B, Ćirković M, Petrović T, Bošković T, Bugarski D, Trajković Pavlović L, Potkonjak A, Vračar V, Uhlenhopp E. ONE HEALTH – CONCEPT FOR TODAY AND TOMORROW. AVM 2015. [DOI: 10.46784/e-avm.v7i2.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
“One Health” has been defi ned as “the collaborative eff ort of multiple disciplines — working locally, nationally, and globally — to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment”. One Health is a new initiative, but with the concept that extends back to ancient times. One Health is an interdisciplinary concept for complex health challenges from a holistic integrated perspective, more then a divided perspective based on different disciplines. Th ere is no isolation, wild animals, domestic animals, pathogens and diseases do not know of the political borders. The aim of the One Health initiative is to form unifi ed solutions applicable for the improvement of health of humans, animals and the environment. A workshop was organized for the representatives of all structures and levels of medical and veterinary services of Serbia. During four tasks, among joint working groups, the most important structure of One Health was proposed, introducing possible concept in Serbia.
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Stojanac N, Stevančević O, Cincović MR, Stančić I, Potkonjak A, Toholj B, Vračar V. FORENSIC INVESTIGATION OF SOW DEATHS IN THE INTENSIVE BREEDING SYSTEM. AVM 2015. [DOI: 10.46784/e-avm.v7i1.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sow mortality is a great challenge in intensive pig production worldwide. The aim of this study was to forensically examine the reason of sow death for a two-year period on two farms with intensive pig keeping, based on available data. In sows with a greater number of farrowings (over VII) greater number of deaths was found. Seasonality has an impact on sow mortality, in the summer period a larger number of sow death was found. Poor sow condition that usually occurs in the second half of lactation and after weaning, are the predisposition to the factors that lead to the sow death. On both examined farms in more than 60% of dead sows Clostridium spp. and Escherichia coli were isolated. In order to reduce the mortality of sows more attention should be paid to the older sows with a larger number of farrowings, provide better conditions in summer, cooling, and pay more attention to sows during the period from farrowing to the next insemination, respectively.
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Doder R, Čanak G, Stefan Mikić S, Sević S, Potkonjak A, Doder D, Vračar V. Clinical case series of nine patients with tuberculousmeningitis in the Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, AP Vojvodina, Serbia 2001-2010. Med Glas (Zenica) 2014; 11:283-288. [PMID: 25082241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine immediate risk factors of developing tuberculous meningitis, to assess the practical importance of clinical signs and findings in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when opting for the specific therapy, and to predict the outcome of disease in relation to the beginning of treatment. METHODS A retrospective clinical case series of nine patients with tuberculous meningitis who were treated from April 2001 until November 2010 at the Department of Infectious Diseases in Novi Sad, Serbia was presented. Data of patients' medical records and presentation of clinical and laboratory features, neuroradiologicalfindings and outcome were used. RESULTS The factors of immediate risk/predisposition for the development of tuberculous meningitis were found in two (22.2%) patients. The duration of symptoms prior to admission was 9 days on average (from 3 to 20 days). The most frequent symptoms on admission were headache and fever in eight (88.9%) patients, whereas two patients (22.2%) were presented with stiff neck and photophobia. Consciousness was preserved in six patients (66.7%), two patients were somnolent and one was in coma. Two(22.2%) patients had concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. Neuroradiological signs of the disease were present in two patients. CONCLUSION The duration of symptoms before admission, clinical examination and CSF analysis can be helpful in identifying patients who are at high risk of developing tuberculous meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Doder
- 1School of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina,3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, 4Provincial Institute of Sports Medicine and Sports; Novi Sad, Serbia
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Stojanac N, Stevančević O, Potkonjak A, Savić B, Stančić I, Vračar V. The impact of space allowance on productivity performance and Salmonella spp. shedding in nursery pigs. Livest Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Potkonjak A, Savić S, Ruzić-Sabljić E, Vračar V, Lako B, Jurišić A, Petrović A, Rajković D. Molecular characterization of Borrelia strains isolated from ticks in Vojvodina. Parasit Vectors 2014. [PMCID: PMC4092287 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-s1-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Potkonjak A, Savić S, Grgić Ž, Lako B, Vračar V, Rajković D, Jurišić A, Petrović A. FINDINGS OF THE ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPILUM GENOME IN TICKS FROM VOJVODINA AREA, SERBIA. AVM 2013. [DOI: 10.46784/e-avm.v6i1.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks are vectors for many infectious diseases and represent a constant threat to human population and other animals, especially with respect to zoonoses. Th e cause of granulocyte anaplasmosis Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium that infects people as well as various domestic and wild animals. Th e agent is spread worldwide, persisting in the natural environment through an enzootic circle between ticks and their hosting vertebrae. Th e aim of this paper is to demonstrate the distribution of ticks’ infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the territory of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Ticks were collected at ten locations in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, which are a rural habitat for ticks. By applying the nested PCR method, the ticks were examined for the presence of specifi c DNA p44/msp2 Anaplasma phagocytphilum. Of the ten examined pools of ticks collected in the area of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, the presence of genome of the agent Anaplasma phagocytophilum was confi rmed in six pools applying the PCR method. In five pools of ticks of the species Ixodes ricinus, presence of agent Anaplasma phagocytophilum was confi rmed. Th ese ticks were found at the following locations: Poplar Research Institute (2 locations), Fruška gora (2 locations) Poloj-forest Bačka Palanka (1 location). In one pool of ticks of the species Dermacentor reticulatus from the location Poloj-forest Bačka Palanka, we confi rmed the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum genome. This infection can be a problem for public health, so further and more comprehensive acharological and epidemiological research is necessary in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina.
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