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Kong F, Wang X, Xiang J, Yang S, Wang X, Yue M, Zhang J, Zhao J, Han X, Dong Y, Zhu B, Wang F, Liu Y. Federated attention consistent learning models for prostate cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1439-1449. [PMID: 38623561 PMCID: PMC11016961 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant promise in transforming medical imaging, enhancing diagnostics, and refining treatment strategies. However, the reliance on extensive multicenter datasets for training AI models poses challenges due to privacy concerns. Federated learning provides a solution by facilitating collaborative model training across multiple centers without sharing raw data. This study introduces a federated attention-consistent learning (FACL) framework to address challenges associated with large-scale pathological images and data heterogeneity. FACL enhances model generalization by maximizing attention consistency between local clients and the server model. To ensure privacy and validate robustness, we incorporated differential privacy by introducing noise during parameter transfer. We assessed the effectiveness of FACL in cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading tasks using 19,461 whole-slide images of prostate cancer from multiple centers. In the diagnosis task, FACL achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9718, outperforming seven centers with an average AUC of 0.9499 when categories are relatively balanced. For the Gleason grading task, FACL attained a Kappa score of 0.8463, surpassing the average Kappa score of 0.7379 from six centers. In conclusion, FACL offers a robust, accurate, and cost-effective AI training model for prostate cancer pathology while maintaining effective data safeguards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kong
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | | | - Sen Yang
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Meng Yue
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Junhan Zhao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Xiao Han
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yuhan Dong
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Biyue Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
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Han X, Wang W, Wang R, Zhang W, Zhu L, Xu Q, Guo W, Gu Y. Allosteric SHP2 inhibition enhances regorafenib's effectiveness in colorectal cancer treatment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149812. [PMID: 38564942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. Regorafenib, a multi-target kinase inhibitor, has been approved for treating metastatic colorectal cancer patients who have undergone at least two prior standard anti-cancer therapies. However, regorafenib efficacy as a single agent remains suboptimal. A promising target at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathways is the Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2). However, a combination approach using SHP2 inhibitors (SHP099) and anti-angiogenic drugs (Regorafenib) has not been reported in current research. In this study, we conducted in vitro experiments combining SHP099 and regorafenib and established an MC-38 colon cancer allograft mouse model. Our results revealed that co-treatment with SHP099 and regorafenib significantly inhibited cell viability and altered the biological characteristics of tumor cells compared with treatment alone in vitro. Furthermore, the combination strategy demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to monotherapy with either drug. This was evidenced by reduced tumor size, decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, normalized tumor microvasculature, and improved antitumor immune response in vivo. These findings suggest that the combination of an SHP2 inhibitor and regorafenib is a promising therapeutic approach for patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weicheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Han X, Bao J, Ni J, Li B, Song P, Wan R, Wang X, Hu G, Chen C. Qing Xia Jie Yi Formula granules alleviated acute pancreatitis through inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization by suppressing glycolysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 325:117750. [PMID: 38216100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbal formulas from Traditional Chinese Medicine are common and well-established practice for treating acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. However, little is known about their bioactive ingredients and mechanisms, such as their targets and pathways to inhibit inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qing Xia Jie Yi Formula (QXJYF) granules on AP and discuss the molecular mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Major compounds in QXJYF granules were identified using UPLC-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS). The effect of QXJYF granules on experimental AP models both in vitro and in vivo, and detailed mechanisms were clarified. Two AP models were induced in mice by intraperitoneally injections of caerulein or L-arginine, and QXJYF granules were used to treat AP mice in vivo. Histological evaluation of pancreas and lung, serum amylase and lipase levels, serum inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell infiltration and macrophage phenotype were assessed. Bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were cultured and treated with QXJYF granules in vitro. BMDM phenotype and glycolysis levels were measured. Lastly, clinical effect of QXJYF granules on AP patients was verified. Predicted severe AP (pSAP) patients eligible for inclusion were assessed for enrollment. RESULTS Nine major compounds were identified in QXJYF granules. Data showed that QXJYF granules significantly alleviated AP severity both in caerulein and L-arginine-induced AP models in vivo, pancreatic injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, systematic inflammation, lung injury and inflammatory cell infiltration were all improved after QXJYF treatment. QXJYF granules significantly reduced M1 macrophages during AP both in vivo and in vitro; besides, the mRNA expression levels of M1 genes such as inos, Tnfα, Il1β and Il6 were significantly lower after QXJYF treatment in M1 macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that HK2, PFKFB3, PKM, LDHα levels were increased in M1 macrophages, but significantly decreased after QXJYF treatment. Clinical data indicated that QXJYF granules could significantly reduce CRP levels and shorten the duration of organ failure, thereby reducing the incidence of SAP and preventing pSAP patients from progressing to SAP. CONCLUSION QXJYF granules alleviated AP through the inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization by suppressing glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingpiao Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengli Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Liu Q, Fu Y, Guo J, Fu C, Tang N, Zhang C, Han X, Wang Z. Efficacy and survival outcomes of alectinib vs. crizotinib in ALK‑positive NSCLC patients with CNS metastases: A retrospective study. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:224. [PMID: 38586212 PMCID: PMC10996030 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have transformed the treatment paradigm for patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Yet the differential efficacy between alectinib and crizotinib in treating patients with NSCLC and central nervous system (CNS) metastases has been insufficiently studied. A retrospective analysis was conducted of clinical outcomes of patients with ALK-positive NSCLC and CNS metastases treated at the Shandong Cancer Centre. Based on their initial ALK-TKI treatment, patients were categorised into either the crizotinib group or the alectinib group. Efficacy, progression-free survival (PFS), intracranial PFS and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. A total of 46 eligible patients were enrolled in the present study: 33 patients received crizotinib and 13 patients received alectinib. The median OS of the entire group was 66.8 months (95% CI: 48.5-85.1). Compared with the patients in the crizotinib group, the patients in the alectinib group showed a significant improvement in both median (m)PFS (27.5 vs. 9.5 months; P=0.003) and intracranial mPFS (36.0 vs. 10.8 months; P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the alectinib and crizotinib groups (not reached vs. 58.7 months; P=0.149). Furthermore, there were no significant differences between patients receiving TKI combined with radiotherapy (RT) vs. TKI alone with respect to mPFS (11.0 vs. 11.7 months, P=0.863) as well as intracranial mPFS (12.5 vs. 16.9 months, P=0.721). In the present study, alectinib exhibited superior efficacy to crizotinib for treating patients with ALK-positive NSCLC and CNS metastases, especially in terms of delaying disease progression and preventing CNS recurrence. Moreover, the results demonstrated that it might be beneficial to delay local RT for patients with ALK-positive NSCL and CNS metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chunqiu Fu
- Department of Oncology, Changqing People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250300, P.R. China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chufeng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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Liang R, Xu H, Yao R, Pei W, Wang Z, Liang R, Han X, Zhou Y, An Y, Su Y. A predictive model for premature atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus based on clinical characteristics. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1541-1550. [PMID: 38565803 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with a significant risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, especially in the development of premature atherosclerosis. Specific prediction models for premature atherosclerosis in SLE patients are still limited. The objective of this study was to establish a predictive model for premature atherosclerosis in SLE. METHOD The study collected clinical and laboratory data from 148 SLE patients under the age of 55, between January 2021 and June 2023. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model was utilized to identify potentially relevant features. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed using multivariable logistic analysis. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated through a receiver-operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS A total of 148 SLE patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study, of whom 53 patients (35.81%) met the definition of premature atherosclerosis. Hypertension, antiphospholipid syndrome, azathioprine use, duration of glucocorticoid, and age of patients were included in the multivariable regression. The nomogram, based on the non-overfitting multivariable model, was internally validated and demonstrated sufficient clinical utility for assessing the risk of premature atherosclerosis (area under curve: 0.867). CONCLUSIONS The comprehensive nomogram constructed in this study serves as a useful and convenient tool for evaluating the risk of premature atherosclerosis in SLE patients. It is helpful for clinicians to early identify SLE patients with premature atherosclerosis and facilitates the implementation of more effective preventive measures. Key Points • SLE patients are at a significantly higher risk of developing premature atherosclerosis compared to the general population, and this risk persists even in cases with low disease activity. Traditional models used to evaluate and predict premature atherosclerosis in SLE patients often underestimate the risk. • This study establishes a comprehensive and visually orientated predictive model of premature atherosclerosis in SLE patients, based on clinical characteristics. • The scoring system allows for convenient and effective prediction of individual incidence of premature atherosclerosis, and could provide valuable information for identification and making further intervention decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haojie Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ranran Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wenwen Pei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ziye Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Renge Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yunshan Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yuan An
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Yin Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Peking University People's Hospital, Qingdao, China.
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Zhang Y, Lyu Q, Han X, Wang X, Liu R, Hao J, Zhang L, Chen XM. Proteomic analysis of multiple organ dysfunction induced by rhabdomyolysis. J Proteomics 2024; 298:105138. [PMID: 38403185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis (RM) leads to dysfunction in the core organs of kidney, lung and heart, which is an important reason for the high mortality and disability rate of this disease. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the characteristics of rhabdomyolysis-induced injury in various organs and the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms, and especially the interaction between organs. We established a rhabdomyolysis model, observed the structural and functional changes in kidney, heart, and lung. It is observed that rhabdomyolysis results in significant damage in kidney, lung and heart of rats, among which the pathological damage of kidney and lung was significant, and of heart was relatively light. Meanwhile, we analyzed the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the kidney, heart and lung between the RM group and the sham group based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In our study, Serpina3n was significantly up-regulated in the kidney, heart and lung. Serpina3n is a secreted protein and specifically inhibits a variety of proteases and participates in multiple physiological processes such as complement activation, inflammatory responses, apoptosis pathways, and extracellular matrix metabolism. It is inferred that Serpina3n may play an important role in multiple organ damage caused by rhabdomyolysis and could be used as a potential biomarker. This study comprehensively describes the functional and structural changes of kidney, heart and lung in rats after rhabdomyolysis, analyzes the DEPs of kidney, heart and lung, and determines the key role of Serpina3n in multiple organ injury caused by rhabdomyolysis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study comprehensively describes the functional and structural changes of kidney, heart and lung in rats after rhabdomyolysis, analyzes the DEPs of kidney, heart and lung, and determines the key role of Serpina3n in multiple organ injury caused by rhabdomyolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China; Graduate School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China; Graduate School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Xiang-Mei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China.
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Zhang Y, Cong R, Lv T, Liu K, Chang X, Li Y, Han X, Zhu Y. Islet-resident macrophage-derived miR-155 promotes β cell decompensation via targeting PDX1. iScience 2024; 27:109540. [PMID: 38577099 PMCID: PMC10993184 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical for the initiation and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus via causing both insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction. miR-155, highly expressed in macrophages, is a master regulator of chronic inflammation. Here we show that blocking a macrophage-derived exosomal miR-155 (MDE-miR-155) mitigates the insulin resistances and glucose intolerances in high-fat-diet (HFD) feeding and type-2 diabetic db/db mice. Lentivirus-based miR-155 sponge decreases the level of miR-155 in the pancreas and improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) ability of β cells, thus leading to improvements of insulin sensitivities in the liver and adipose tissues. Mechanistically, miR-155 increases its expression in HFD and db/db islets and is released as exosomes by islet-resident macrophages under metabolic stressed conditions. MDE-miR-155 enters β cells and causes defects in GSIS function and insulin biosynthesis via the miR-155-PDX1 axis. Our findings offer a treatment strategy for inflammation-associated diabetes via targeting miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Rong Cong
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Kerong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaoai Chang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yating Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Hu Y, Han X, Hu S, Yu G, Chao T, Wu G, Qu Y, Chen C, Liu P, Zheng X, Yang Q, Hong X. Surface-Diffusion-Induced Amorphization of Pt Nanoparticles over Ru Oxide Boost Acidic Oxygen Evolution. Nano Lett 2024. [PMID: 38624236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Phase transformation offers an alternative strategy for the synthesis of nanomaterials with unconventional phases, allowing us to further explore their unique properties and promising applications. Herein, we first observed the amorphization of Pt nanoparticles on the RuO2 surface by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate the low energy barrier and thermodynamic driving force for Pt atoms transferring from the Pt cluster to the RuO2 surface to form amorphous Pt. Remarkably, the as-synthesized amorphous Pt/RuO2 exhibits 14.2 times enhanced mass activity compared to commercial RuO2 catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Water electrolyzer with amorphous Pt/RuO2 achieves 1.0 A cm-2 at 1.70 V and remains stable at 200 mA cm-2 for over 80 h. The amorphous Pt layer not only optimized the *O binding but also enhanced the antioxidation ability of amorphous Pt/RuO2, thereby boosting the activity and stability for the OER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Hu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shaojin Hu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Ge Yu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Chao
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Geng Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yunteng Qu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Cai Chen
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Peigen Liu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion (LNEC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P.R. China
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9
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Xiao S, Han X, Bai S, Chen R. Analysis of immune cell infiltration characteristics in severe acute pancreatitis through integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8711. [PMID: 38622245 PMCID: PMC11018854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains poorly understood. We aim to investigate the role of immune cells Infiltration Characteristics during SAP progression. Gene expression profiles of the GSE194331 dataset were retrieved from the GEO. Lasso regression and random forest algorithms were employed to select feature genes from genes related to SAP progression and immune responses. CIBERSORT was utilized to estimate differences in immune cell types and proportions and the relationship between immune cells and gene expression. We performed pathway enrichment analysis using GSEA to examine disparities in KEGG signaling pathways when comparing the two groups. Additionally, CMap analysis was executed to identify prospective small molecular compounds. The three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were identified that can predict SAP progression. Analysis of CIBERSORT and TISIDB databases has shown that there are significant differences in immune cell expression levels between the normal and SAP groups, and three hub genes (CBLB, JADE2, RNF144A) were highly correlated with multiple immune cells, regulating the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in the microenvironment. Finally, drug prediction through the Connectivity Map database suggested that compounds such as Entecavir, KU-0063794, Y-27632, and Antipyrine have certain effects as potential targeted drugs for the treatment of SAP. CBLB, JADE2, and RNF144A are hub genes in SAP, potentially playing important roles in SAP progression. This finding further broadens the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of SAP and provides a feasible basis for future research on diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets for SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Nutriology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Bai
- Department of General Practice, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Tian MB, Wang Y, Gao XT, Lu HC, Zhang Q, Han X, Li HQ, Shi N, Duan CQ, Wang J. Vineyard microclimate alterations induced by black inter-row mulch through transcriptome reshaped the flavoromics of cabernet sauvignon grapes. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:258. [PMID: 38594637 PMCID: PMC11003005 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weed control is essential for agricultural floor management in vineyards and the inter-row mulching is an eco-friendly practice to inhibit weed growth via filtering out photosynthetically active radiation. Besides weed suppression, inter-row mulching can influence grapevine growth and the accumulation of metabolites in grape berries. However, the complex interaction of multiple factors in the field challenges the understanding of molecular mechanisms on the regulated metabolites. In the current study, black geotextile inter-row mulch (M) was applied for two vintages (2016-2017) from anthesis to harvest. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis were conducted in two vintages, aiming to provide insights into metabolic and molecular responses of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to M in a semi-arid climate. RESULTS Upregulation of genes related to photosynthesis and heat shock proteins confirmed that M weakened the total light exposure and grapes suffered heat stress, resulting in lower sugar-acid ratio at harvest. Key genes responsible for enhancements in phenylalanine, glutamine, ornithine, arginine, and C6 alcohol concentrations, and the downward trend in ε-viniferin, anthocyanins, flavonols, terpenes, and norisoprenoids in M grapes were identified. In addition, several modules significantly correlated with the metabolic biomarkers through weighted correlation network analysis, and the potential key transcription factors regulating the above metabolites including VviGATA11, VviHSFA6B, and VviWRKY03 were also identified. CONCLUSION This study provides a valuable overview of metabolic and transcriptomic responses of M grapes in semi-arid climates, which could facilitate understanding the complex regulatory network of metabolites in response to microclimate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Bo Tian
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Value Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Products, College of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Gao
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Lu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Value Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Products, College of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hui-Qing Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China.
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11
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Han X, Tan S, Wang Q, Zuo X, Heng L, Jiang L. Noncontact Microfluidics of Highly Viscous Liquids for Accurate Self-Splitting and Pipetting. Adv Mater 2024:e2402779. [PMID: 38594015 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Accurate dosing for various liquids, especially for highly viscous liquids, is fundamental in wide ranging from molecular crosslinking to material processing. Despite droppers or pipettes being widely used as pipetting devices, they are powerless for quantificationally splitting and dosing highly viscous liquids (> 100 mPa⋅s) like polymer liquids due to the intertwined macromolecular chains and strong cohesion energy. Here, we provide a highly transparent photopyroelectric slippery (PS) platform to achieve noncontact self-splitting for liquids with viscosity as high as 15000 mPa⋅s, just with the assistance of sunlight and a cooling source to provide a local temperature difference (ΔT). Moreover, to guarantee the accuracy for pipetting liquids (> 80%), the ultrathin MXene film (within a thickness of 20 nm) was self-assembled as the photo-thermal layers, overcoming the trade-off between transparency and photothermal property. Compared with traditional pipetting strategies (∼ 1.3% accuracy for pipetting polymer liquids), this accurate microfluidic chip shows a great potential in adhesive system (bonding strength, twice than using the droppers or pipettes). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengda Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobiao Zuo
- National Engineering Research Center of Functional Carbon Composite, Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Heng
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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12
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Gu WQ, Wang L, Xu JC, Ping GQ, Han X, Wang C. [Non-primary solid malignancies of breast in needle core biopsy: a clinicopathological analysis of 23 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:331-336. [PMID: 38556815 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231013-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of non-primary solid malignant tumors in breast needle core biopsy. Methods: Twenty-three cases of breast, axilla or neck lymph nodes pathologically diagnosed as non-primary solid malignant tumors were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China from January 2013 to March 2023. The differential diagnoses and diagnostic features were analyzed, based on combining clinical data, histology, and expression characteristics of biomarkers. Results: All patients were female, with age ranging from 29 to 75 years (average 56 years). The average time from the diagnosis of primary tumor to the current diagnosis was 21 months (0 to 204 months).The primary sites included the ovary (9 cases), the lung (5 cases), the gastrointestinal tract (4 cases), the pancreas, intrahepatic bile duct, thyroid gland, nasal cavity and forearm skin (1 case each). No carcinoma in situ was found in any of the cases. The morphological differences were significant among the tumors, but similar to the primary tumors. The tumors of neuroendocrine and female reproductive tract had great morphological and immunophenotypic overlaps with breast cancer. Metastatic lung cancer cells showed obvious atypia and tumor giant cells. The morphology and immunophenotype of metastatic serous carcinoma of female reproductive system might resemble invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast. Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract often had features of mucous secretion. Metastatic neuroendocrine tumors were bland in appearance and morphologically similar to solid papillary carcinoma of breast, but negative for ER. TRPS1 was mostly negative (18/23) and variably positive in ovarian (4/9) and intrahepatic bile duct (1/1) tumors. Conclusions: The diagnosis of breast needle core biopsy specimen should be combined with clinical history, imaging study, and careful examination of histological features, such as presence of in situ component, morphological similarity between the primary and metastatic tumors, and using appropriate markers to differentiate the primary from metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Q Gu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J C Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - G Q Ping
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Han
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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13
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Gong YX, Chen CN, Yang YF, Sun SN, Shao Y, Zhu LQ, Shi YQ, Li X, Han X, Zhang ZH. [Clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of Crohn's disease]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:351-357. [PMID: 38556818 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231010-00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of Crohn's disease (CD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 52 CD patients who underwent surgical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2014 and June 2023. Clinical presentations and histopathological features were assessed. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 17 of the samples, followed by sequencing and pathway enrichment analyses. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of frequently mutated genes. Results: Among the 52 patients, 34 were males and 18 were females, male-to-female ratio was 1.9∶1.0, with a median age of 45 years at surgery and 35 years at diagnosis. According to the Montreal classification, A3 (51.9%,27/52), B2 (61.5%, 32/52), and L3 (50.0%,26/52) subtypes were the most predominant. Abdominal pain and diarrhea were the common symptoms. Histopathological features seen in all 52 patients included transmural inflammation, disruption of cryptal architecture, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, varying degrees of submucosal fibrosis and thickening, increased enteric nerve fibers and neuronal proliferation. Mucosal defects, fissure ulcers, abscesses, pseudopolyps, and adenomatous proliferation were also observed in 51 (98.1%), 38 (73.1%), 28 (53.8%), 45 (86.5%), and 28 (53.8%) cases, respectively. Thirty-one (59.6%) cases had non-caseating granulomas, and 3 (5.8%) cases had intestinal mucosal glandular epithelial dysplasia. Molecular analysis showed that 12/17 CD patients exhibited mutations in at least one mucin family gene (MUC2, MUC3A, MUC4, MUC6, MUC12, MUC17), and MUC4 was the most frequently mutated in 7/17 of cases. Immunohistochemical stains showed reduced MUC4 expression in epithelial cells, with increased MUC4 expression in the epithelial surface, particularly around areas of inflammatory cell aggregation; and minimal expression in the lower half of the epithelium. Conclusions: CD exhibits diverse clinical and pathological features, necessitating a comprehensive multidimensional analysis for diagnosis. Mutations and expression alterations in mucin family genes, particularly MUC4, may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Gong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - C N Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Y F Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - S N Sun
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Shao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Company Limited, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - L Q Zhu
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Company Limited, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Y Q Shi
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Company Limited, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Han
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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14
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Chen W, Ma J, Yang Z, Han X, Hu C, Wang H, Peng Y, Zhang L, Jiang B. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic versus abdominal and laparoscopic myomectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38588036 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myomectomy is the preferred treatment for women with uterine fibroids and fertility requirements. There are three modalities are used in clinical practice for myomectomy: abdominal myomectomy (AM), laparoscopic myomectomy (LM), and robot-assisted laparoscopic myomectomy (RLM). OBJECTIVES To compare the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of RLM, AM, and LM. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Clinical Trials for relevant literature published between January 2000 and January 2023. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all studies reporting peri- and postoperative outcomes of myomectomy in patients with uterine myomas. Surgical treatments were classified as RLM, LM, or AM. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two or more authors selected studies independently, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data. We derived mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each outcome, subgrouping trials by the patient characteristics and myoma characteristics. We used the I2 statistic to quantify heterogeneity and the random-effects model for meta-analysis when appropriate. We used the funnel plot to assess the publication bias. MAIN RESULTS A total of 32 studies with 6357 patients were included, of which 1982 women had undergone RLM. The operating time was significantly longer (MD = 43.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.22-61.93, P < 0.001), and the incidence of cesarean section after myomectomy was significantly lower (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.78, P = 0.02) in RLM than in LM. Compared with AM, the operation time, blood loss, blood transfusion rate, complication rate, total cost, length of hospital stay, and pregnancy rate of patients with RLM were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The safety and effectiveness of RLM are superior to those of AM but inferior to those of LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Public Policy Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Public Policy Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Public Policy Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
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15
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Ling Z, Wang Z, Chen L, Mao J, Ma D, Han X, Tian L, Zhu Q, Lu G, Yan X, Ding Y, Xiao W, Chen Y, Peng A, Yin X. Naringenin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting TRPV6 in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2300745. [PMID: 38581304 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Naringenin (NAR) possesses unique anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis effects and various bioactivities; however, its role against radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether NAR has protective effects against radiation-induced intestinal injury and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are exposed to a single dose of 13 Gy X-ray total abdominal irradiation (TAI), then gavaged with NAR for 7 days. NAR treatment prolongs the survival rate, protects crypts and villi from damage, alleviates the level of radiation-induced inflammation, and mitigates intestinal barrier damage in the irradiated mice. Additionally, NAR reduces immune cell infiltration and intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. NAR also shows radioprotective effects in human colon cancer cells (HCT116) and human intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460). It reduces cell damage by reducing intracellular calcium ion levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. NAR-mediated radioprotection is associated with the downregulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6), and inhibition of apoptosis pathway. Notably, treatment with NAR fails to further increase the protective effects of the TRPV6 inhibitor 2-APB, indicating that TRPV6 inhibition is essential for NAR activity. CONCLUSION NAR inhibits the apoptosis pathway by downregulating TRPV6 and reducing calcium ion level, thereby alleviating RIII. Therefore, NAR is a promising therapeutic drug for RIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ling
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Treatment of Refractory Bowel Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Jingxian Mao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Dongmei Ma
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Linlin Tian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Qingtian Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Treatment of Refractory Bowel Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Guotao Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Treatment of Refractory Bowel Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xuebing Yan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Treatment of Refractory Bowel Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Weiming Xiao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Treatment of Refractory Bowel Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Aijun Peng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xudong Yin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
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16
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Liu Z, Han X, You Y, Xin G, Li L, Gao J, Meng H, Cao C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li L, Fu J. Shuangshen ningxin formula attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion injury through improving mitochondrial function. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 323:117690. [PMID: 38195019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shuangshen Ningxin Formula (SSNX) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). A randomized controlled trial previously showed that SSNX reduced cardiovascular events, and experiments have also verified that SSNX attenuated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the mechanism of SSNX in the treatment of microvascular I/R injury is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine whether SSNX protects the microvasculature by regulating I/R induction in rats and whether this effect depends on the regulation of NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 pathway. METHODS The anterior descending coronary artery was ligated to establish a rat MIRI model with 45 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. The rats were subjected to a 7-day pretreatment with SSNX and nicorandil, after which their cardiac function and microvascular functional morphology were evaluated through diverse methods, including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Cell apoptosis was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Additionally, serum levels of ET-1 and eNOS were determined through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of NR4A1, Mff, and proteins related to mitochondrial fission were examined by Western blot (WB). Cardiac microcirculation endothelial cells (CMECs) were cultured and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was duplicated. Following treatment with SSNX and DIM-C-pPhOH, an NR4A1 inhibitor, cell viability was assessed. Fluorescence was used to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening. Moreover, vascular endothelial function was evaluated through transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), Transwell assays and tube formation assays. RESULTS The results showed that SSNX reduced the infarction area and no-flow area, improved cardiac function, mitigated pathological alterations, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, protected endothelial function, and attenuated microvascular damage after I/R injury. I/R triggered mitochondrial fission and apoptotic signaling in CMECs, while SSNX restored mitochondrial fission to normal levels and inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis. A study using CMECs revealed that SSNX protected endothelial function after OGD/R, attenuating the increase in NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 protein and inactivating VDAC1, HK2, cytochrome c (cyt-c) and caspase-9. Research also shows that SSNX can affect CMEC cell migration and angiogenesis, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential damage, and inhibit membrane opening. Moreover, DIM-C-pPhOH, an NR4A1 inhibitor, partially imitated the effect of SSNX. CONCLUSION SSNX has a protective effect on the cardiac microvasculature by inhibiting the NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 pathway both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZiXin Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Yue You
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - GaoJie Xin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - LingMei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JiaMing Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - HongXu Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Ce Cao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JianXun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - YeHao Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JianHua Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
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Wang W, Wang R, Han X, Zhang W, Zhu L, Gu Y. Epidemiological and clinicopathological features of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF mutations and MSI in Chinese patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37693. [PMID: 38579072 PMCID: PMC10994587 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The selection of appropriate treatment modalities based on the presence or absence of mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and the microsatellite instability (MSI) status has become a crucial consensus in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. However, the distribution pattern of these genetic mutations and the prevalence of MSI status in Chinese stage I-III CRCs remain unclear. We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological features, mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes, as well as MSI status of 411 patients with stage I-III CRC who underwent surgery from June 2020 to December 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF were 48.9%, 2.2%, and 3.2%, respectively, and the microsatellite instability-high rate was 9.5%. KRAS mutation was independently associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis suggested that tumor location and mucinous adenocarcinoma were independently associated with BRAF mutation. Only T stage was associated with NRAS mutations in the univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors such as larger tumor size, tumor location, younger age, and poor differentiation were independently associated with microsatellite instability-high status. The results illustrate the mutation frequencies of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF genes and MSI status in stage I-III CRC from the eastern region of China. These findings further validate the associations between these genes status and various clinicopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Han X, Gao W, Zhou Z, Li Y, Sun D, Gong H, Jiang M, Gan Y, Fang X, Qi Y, Jiao J, Zhao J. Curcumin-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles modified by quaternized chitosan against bacterial infection through synergistic effect. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131372. [PMID: 38580024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Clinically, open wounds caused by accidental trauma and surgical lesion resection are easily infected by external bacteria, hindering wound healing. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy has become a promising treatment strategy for wound infection. In this study, a novel antibacterial nanocomposite material (QMC NPs) was synthesized by curcumin, quaternized chitosan and mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles. The results showed that 150 μg/mL QMC NPs had good biocompatibility and exerted excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after blue laser irradiation (450 nm, 1 W/cm2). In vivo, QMC NPs effectively treated bacterial infection and accelerated the healing of infected wounds in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Weijia Gao
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
| | - Duo Sun
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Heyi Gong
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
| | - Mengyuan Jiang
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Yulu Gan
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qi
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
| | - Junjie Jiao
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Dental Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China.
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Han X, Lu M, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang Q, Bai X, Man S, Zhao L, Ma L. A Thermostable Cas12b-Powered Bioassay Coupled with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification in a Customized "One-Pot" Vessel for Visual, Rapid, Sensitive, and On-Site Detection of Genetically Modified Crops. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38564697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Genetically modified crops (GMCs) have been discussed due to unknown safety, and thus, it is imperative to develop an effective detection technology. CRISPR/Cas is deemed a burgeoning technology for nucleic acid detection. Herein, we developed a novel detection method for the first time, which combined thermostable Cas12b with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to detect genetically modified (GM) soybeans in a customized one-pot vessel. In our method, LAMP-specific primers were used to amplify the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV35S) of the GM soybean samples. The corresponding amplicons activated the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12b, which resulted in the change of fluorescence intensity. The proposed bioassay was capable of detecting synthetic plasmid DNA samples down to 10 copies/μL, and as few as 0.05% transgenic contents could be detected in less than 40 min. This work presented an original detection method for GMCs, which performed rapid, on-site, and deployable detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Minghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Branch of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Liangjuan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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20
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Han X, Zhang Y, Shi G, Liu G, Ai S, Wang Y, Zhang Q, He X. Quantitative assessment of corneal elasticity distribution after FS-LASIK using optical coherence elastography. J Biophotonics 2024; 17:e202300441. [PMID: 38221644 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Quantifying corneal elasticity after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) procedure plays an important role in improving surgical safety and quality, since some latent complications may occur ascribing to changes in postoperative corneal biomechanics. Nevertheless, it is suggested that current research has been severely constrained due to the lack of an accurate quantification method to obtain postoperative corneal elasticity distribution. In this paper, an acoustic radiation force optical coherence elastography system combined with the improved phase velocity algorithm was utilized to realize elasticity distribution images of the in vivo rabbit cornea after FS-LASIK under various intraocular pressure levels. As a result, elasticity variations within and between the regions of interest could be identified precisely. This is the first time that elasticity imaging of in vivo cornea after FS-LASIK surgery was demonstrated, and the results suggested that this technology may hold promise in further exploring corneal biomechanical properties after refractive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yubao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Gang Shi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Sizhu Ai
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yidi Wang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Xingdao He
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province and Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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21
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Lai R, Wang X, Yu Y, Li M, Zhao H, Ma Z, Li M, Guo T, Han X, Meng Y, Zhang M, Su Y, Hao K, Deng Y, Kong Y, Li Z, Xie Q, Xie W, Chen C, Jia J. Validation of the revised electronic version of RUCAM for diagnosis of DILI in Chinese patients. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0235. [PMID: 38466883 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The Revised Electronic Causality Assessment Method (RECAM), a computerized update of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Methodology (RUCAM), was recently proposed. In this study, we validated and compared the utility of the RECAM and RUCAM in Chinese patients with a single conventional or herbal agent-induced liver injury. METHODS In this retrospective multicenter cohort of well-established DILI and non-DILI patients from 5 centers in China, the diagnostic performance of the RUCAM and RECAM was compared by AUC analysis. The consistency was evaluated by weighted kappa. The major causes of discrepancy were explored. RESULTS A total of 481 DILI and 100 non-DILI patients were included. In total, 62.6% of the DILI cases were induced by conventional agents, and 37.4% were induced by herbs. The RECAM had relatively higher AUC than RUCAM for overall [0.947 (0.926-0.964) vs. 0.867 (0.836-0.893), p=0.0016], conventional agents [0.923 (0.890-0.949) vs. 0.819 (0.775-0.858), p=0.0185], and herbs [0.972 (0.941-0.989) vs.0.911 (0.866-0.944), p=0.0199]. Latency, scores associated with hepatitis B, and hepatotoxicity information of the insulting drugs were the 3 main causes for the inconsistency between RECAM and RUCAM scores. CONCLUSIONS The RECAM had relatively better diagnostic performance than RUCAM, with a higher AUC for Chinese DILI patients. Timely updates of the LiverTox category and refinement of serum markers to exclude hepatitis B activity would further improve the applicability of RECAM in areas where the use of herbs and resolution of past HBV infections are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rongtao Lai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijing Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Wang
- Liver Disease Research Center, 905th Hospital of PLA Navy, China
| | - Yuecheng Yu
- Liver Disease Center of PLA and Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, and Bayi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and EBM, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Liver Diseases Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 East Jingshun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Zikun Ma
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Liver Diseases Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 East Jingshun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Su
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Kunyan Hao
- Liver Disease Center of PLA and Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, and Bayi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - You Deng
- Liver Diseases Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 East Jingshun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and EBM, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Liver Disease Research Center, 905th Hospital of PLA Navy, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijing Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Liver Diseases Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 East Jingshun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei Chen
- Liver Disease Research Center, 905th Hospital of PLA Navy, China
| | - Jidong Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Key Laboratory on Translational Medicine on Cirrhosis; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
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22
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Chen C, Han X, Xiao W, Xu G, Cai X, Hu G, Wan R. A safe and effective endoscopic treatment method for simple hepatic cysts (with video). Endosc Int Open 2024; 12:E513-E519. [PMID: 38628387 PMCID: PMC11018391 DOI: 10.1055/a-2239-9493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Symptomatic simple hepatic cysts require treatment, with several guidelines recommending laparoscopic deroofing. However, cysts located in the posterosuperior segments are considered poor candidates for this procedure. Gastrointestinal endoscopes are more flexible and able to reach less accessible areas than laparoscopes. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of endoscopic transgastric hepatic cyst deroofing (ETGHCD) for treatment of simple hepatic cysts. Patients and methods Seven patients with simple hepatic cysts were evaluated between June 2021 and October 2023. The success rate, procedure time, post-procedure length of hospital stays, complications, pathologic diagnosis, and efficacy were recorded. Results Eleven cysts in seven patients (5 men; mean age 65.5 (standard deviation [SD] 8.5) years) were successfully treated without any complications. The mean procedure time was 65.6 minutes (SD 17.2). Mean post-procedure hospitalization was 4.4 days (SD 1.0). The pathologic diagnosis of 11 cysts showed simple hepatic cysts. The size of the cysts was significantly decreased from 337.0 cm 3 (SD 528.8) to 5.2 cm 3 (SD 6.3) 1 month after ETGHCD. During the median 12.7-month follow-up in seven patients, the cysts showed a 99.6% reduction with no recurrence. Conclusions ETGHCD provided a feasible, safe, effective, and minimal invasive alternative approach for the treatment of simple hepatic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqin Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Ma Y, Shi K, Chen H, Han X, Wei C, Lyu Y, Huang Y, Yu R, Song Y, Song Q, Jiang J, Feng J, Lin Y, Chen J, Chen H, Zheng G, Gao X, Jiang G. Self-Disassembling and Oxygen-Generating Porphyrin-Lipoprotein Nanoparticle for Targeted Glioblastoma Resection and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2307454. [PMID: 38299428 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The dismal prognosis for glioblastoma multiform (GBM) patients is primarily attributed to the highly invasive tumor residual that remained after surgical intervention. The development of precise intraoperative imaging and postoperative residual removal techniques will facilitate the gross total elimination of GBM. Here, a self-disassembling porphyrin lipoprotein-coated calcium peroxide nanoparticles (PLCNP) is developed to target GBM via macropinocytosis, allowing for fluorescence-guided surgery of GBM and improving photodynamic treatment (PDT) of GBM residual by alleviating hypoxia. By reducing self-quenching and enhancing lysosome escape efficiency, the incorporation of calcium peroxide (CaO2) cores in PLCNP amplifies the fluorescence intensity of porphyrin-lipid. Furthermore, the CaO2 core has diminished tumor hypoxia and improves the PDT efficacy of PLCNP, enabling low-dose PDT and reversing tumor progression induced by hypoxia aggravation following PDT. Taken together, this self-disassembling and oxygen-generating porphyrin-lipoprotein nanoparticle may serve as a promising all-in-one nanotheranostic platform for guiding precise GBM excision and empowering post-operative PDT, providing a clinically applicable strategy to combat GBM in a safe and effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuxiao Ma
- Brain Injury Centre, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Kexin Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chenxuan Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yingqi Lyu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yukun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Renhe Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yun Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiyao Jiang
- Brain Injury Centre, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Junfeng Feng
- Brain Injury Centre, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yingying Lin
- Brain Injury Centre, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Chen C, Han X, Chen J, Yin Z, Wan R. A novel "NOTES" technique for treating incarcerated stones in the gallbladder neck. Endosc Int Open 2024; 12:E568-E569. [PMID: 38628388 PMCID: PMC11018395 DOI: 10.1055/a-2285-2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenni Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Aaij R, Abdelmotteleb ASW, Abellan Beteta C, Abudinén F, Ackernley T, Adeva B, Adinolfi M, Adlarson P, Agapopoulou C, Aidala CA, Ajaltouni Z, Akar S, Akiba K, Albicocco P, Albrecht J, Alessio F, Alexander M, Alfonso Albero A, Aliouche Z, Alvarez Cartelle P, Amalric R, Amato S, Amey JL, Amhis Y, An L, Anderlini L, Andersson M, Andreianov A, Andreola P, Andreotti M, Andreou D, Anelli A, Ao D, Archilli F, Argenton M, Arguedas Cuendis S, Artamonov A, Artuso M, Aslanides E, Atzeni M, Audurier B, Bacher D, Bachiller Perea I, Bachmann S, Bachmayer M, Back JJ, Bailly-Reyre A, Baladron Rodriguez P, Balagura V, Baldini W, Baptista de Souza Leite J, Barbetti M, Barbosa IR, Barlow RJ, Barsuk S, Barter W, Bartolini M, Baryshnikov F, Basels JM, Bassi G, Batsukh B, Battig A, Bay A, Beck A, Becker M, Bedeschi F, Bediaga IB, Beiter A, Belin S, Bellee V, Belous K, Belov I, Belyaev I, Benane G, Bencivenni G, Ben-Haim E, Berezhnoy A, Bernet R, Bernet Andres S, Bernstein HC, Bertella C, Bertolin A, Betancourt C, Betti F, Bex J, Bezshyiko I, Bhom J, Bieker MS, Biesuz NV, Billoir P, Biolchini A, Birch M, Bishop FCR, Bitadze A, Bizzeti A, Blago MP, Blake T, Blanc F, Blank JE, Blusk S, Bobulska D, Bocharnikov V, Boelhauve JA, Boente Garcia O, Boettcher T, Bohare A, Boldyrev A, Bolognani CS, Bolzonella R, Bondar N, Borgato F, Borghi S, Borsato M, Borsuk JT, Bouchiba SA, Bowcock TJV, Boyer A, Bozzi C, Bradley MJ, Braun S, Brea Rodriguez A, Breer N, Brodzicka J, Brossa Gonzalo A, Brown J, Brundu D, Buonaura A, Buonincontri L, Burke AT, Burr C, Bursche A, Butkevich A, Butter JS, Buytaert J, Byczynski W, Cadeddu S, Cai H, Calabrese R, Calefice L, Cali S, Calvi M, Calvo Gomez M, Cambon Bouzas J, Campana P, Campora Perez DH, Campoverde Quezada AF, Capelli S, Capriotti L, Caravaca-Mora R, Carbone A, Carcedo Salgado L, Cardinale R, Cardini A, Carniti P, Carus L, Casais Vidal A, Caspary R, Casse G, Castro Godinez J, Cattaneo M, Cavallero G, Cavallini V, Celani S, Cerasoli J, Cervenkov D, Cesare S, Chadwick AJ, Chahrour I, Charles M, Charpentier P, Chavez Barajas CA, Chefdeville M, Chen C, Chen S, Chernov A, Chernyshenko S, Chobanova V, Cholak S, Chrzaszcz M, Chubykin A, Chulikov V, Ciambrone P, Cicala MF, Cid Vidal X, Ciezarek G, Cifra P, Clarke PEL, Clemencic M, Cliff HV, Closier J, Cobbledick JL, Cocha Toapaxi C, Coco V, Cogan J, Cogneras E, Cojocariu L, Collins P, Colombo T, Comerma-Montells A, Congedo L, Contu A, Cooke N, Corredoira I, Correia A, Corti G, Cottee Meldrum JJ, Couturier B, Craik DC, Cruz Torres M, Currie R, Da Silva CL, Dadabaev S, Dai L, Dai X, Dall'Occo E, Dalseno J, D'Ambrosio C, Daniel J, Danilina A, d'Argent P, Davidson A, Davies JE, Davis A, De Aguiar Francisco O, De Angelis C, de Boer J, De Bruyn K, De Capua S, De Cian M, De Freitas Carneiro Da Graca U, De Lucia E, De Miranda JM, De Paula L, De Serio M, De Simone D, De Simone P, De Vellis F, de Vries JA, Debernardis F, Decamp D, Dedu V, Del Buono L, Delaney B, Dembinski HP, Deng J, Denysenko V, Deschamps O, Dettori F, Dey B, Di Nezza P, Diachkov I, Didenko S, Ding S, Dobishuk V, Docheva AD, Dolmatov A, Dong C, Donohoe AM, Dordei F, Dos Reis AC, Douglas L, Downes AG, Duan W, Duda P, Dudek MW, Dufour L, Duk V, Durante P, Duras MM, Durham JM, Dziurda A, Dzyuba A, Easo S, Eckstein E, Egede U, Egorychev A, Egorychev V, Eirea Orro C, Eisenhardt S, Ejopu E, Ek-In S, Eklund L, Elashri M, Ellbracht J, Ely S, Ene A, Epple E, Escher S, Eschle J, Esen S, Evans T, Fabiano F, Falcao LN, Fan Y, Fang B, Fantini L, Faria M, Farmer K, Fazzini D, Felkowski L, Feng M, Feo M, Fernandez Gomez M, Fernez AD, Ferrari F, Ferreira Rodrigues F, Ferreres Sole S, Ferrillo M, Ferro-Luzzi M, Filippov S, Fini RA, Fiorini M, Firlej M, Fischer KM, Fitzgerald DS, Fitzpatrick C, Fiutowski T, Fleuret F, Fontana M, Fontanelli F, Foreman LF, Forty R, Foulds-Holt D, Franco Sevilla M, Frank M, Franzoso E, Frau G, Frei C, Friday DA, Frontini L, Fu J, Fuehring Q, Fujii Y, Fulghesu T, Gabriel E, Galati G, Galati MD, Gallas Torreira A, Galli D, Gambetta S, Gandelman M, Gandini P, Gao H, Gao R, Gao Y, Gao Y, Gao Y, Garau M, Garcia Martin LM, Garcia Moreno P, García Pardiñas J, Garcia Plana B, Garg KG, Garrido L, Gaspar C, Geertsema RE, Gerken LL, Gersabeck E, Gersabeck M, Gershon T, Ghorbanimoghaddam Z, Giambastiani L, Giasemis FI, Gibson V, Giemza HK, Gilman AL, Giovannetti M, Gioventù A, Gironella Gironell P, Giugliano C, Giza MA, Gkougkousis EL, Glaser FC, Gligorov VV, Göbel C, Golobardes E, Golubkov D, Golutvin A, Gomes A, Gomez Fernandez S, Goncalves Abrantes F, Goncerz M, Gong G, Gooding JA, Gorelov IV, Gotti C, Grabowski JP, Granado Cardoso LA, Graugés E, Graverini E, Grazette L, Graziani G, Grecu AT, Greeven LM, Grieser NA, Grillo L, Gromov S, Gu C, Guarise M, Guittiere M, Guliaeva V, Günther PA, Guseinov AK, Gushchin E, Guz Y, Gys T, Hadavizadeh T, Hadjivasiliou C, Haefeli G, Haen C, Haimberger J, Hajheidari M, Halewood-Leagas T, Halvorsen MM, Hamilton PM, Hammerich J, Han Q, Han X, Hansmann-Menzemer S, Hao L, Harnew N, Harrison T, Hartmann M, Hasse C, He J, Heijhoff K, Hemmer F, Henderson C, Henderson RDL, Hennequin AM, Hennessy K, Henry L, Herd J, Herrero Gascon P, Heuel J, Hicheur A, Hill D, Hollitt SE, Horswill J, Hou R, Hou Y, Howarth N, Hu J, Hu J, Hu W, Hu X, Huang W, Hulsbergen W, Hunter RJ, Hushchyn M, Hutchcroft D, Idzik M, Ilin D, Ilten P, Inglessi A, Iniukhin A, Ishteev A, Ivshin K, Jacobsson R, Jage H, Jaimes Elles SJ, Jakobsen S, Jans E, Jashal BK, Jawahery A, Jevtic V, Jiang E, Jiang X, Jiang Y, Jiang YJ, John M, Johnson D, Jones CR, Jones TP, Joshi S, Jost B, Jurik N, Juszczak I, Kaminaris D, Kandybei S, Kang Y, Karacson M, Karpenkov D, Karpov M, Kauniskangas AM, Kautz JW, Keizer F, Keller DM, Kenzie M, Ketel T, Khanji B, Kharisova A, Kholodenko S, Khreich G, Kirn T, Kirsebom VS, Kitouni O, Klaver S, Kleijne N, Klimaszewski K, Kmiec MR, Koliiev S, Kolk L, Konoplyannikov A, Kopciewicz P, Koppenburg P, Korolev M, Kostiuk I, Kot O, Kotriakhova S, Kozachuk A, Kravchenko P, Kravchuk L, Kreps M, Kretzschmar S, Krokovny P, Krupa W, Krzemien W, Kubat J, Kubis S, Kucewicz W, Kucharczyk M, Kudryavtsev V, Kulikova E, Kupsc A, Kutsenko BK, Lacarrere D, Lai A, Lampis A, Lancierini D, Landesa Gomez C, Lane JJ, Lane R, Langenbruch C, Langer J, Lantwin O, Latham T, Lazzari F, Lazzeroni C, Le Gac R, Lee SH, Lefèvre R, Leflat A, Legotin S, Lehuraux M, Leroy O, Lesiak T, Leverington B, Li A, Li H, Li K, Li L, Li P, Li PR, Li S, Li T, Li T, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Lian Z, Liang X, Lin C, Lin T, Lindner R, Lisovskyi V, Litvinov R, Liu G, Liu H, Liu K, Liu Q, Liu S, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu YL, Lobo Salvia A, Loi A, Lomba Castro J, Long T, Lopes JH, Lopez Huertas A, López Soliño S, Lovell GH, Lucarelli C, Lucchesi D, Luchuk S, Lucio Martinez M, Lukashenko V, Luo Y, Lupato A, Luppi E, Lynch K, Lyu XR, Ma GM, Ma R, Maccolini S, Machefert F, Maciuc F, Mackay I, Madhan Mohan LR, Madurai MM, Maevskiy A, Magdalinski D, Maisuzenko D, Majewski MW, Malczewski JJ, Malde S, Malecki B, Malentacca L, Malinin A, Maltsev T, Manca G, Mancinelli G, Mancuso C, Manera Escalero R, Manuzzi D, Marangotto D, Marchand JF, Marchevski R, Marconi U, Mariani S, Marin Benito C, Marks J, Marshall AM, Marshall PJ, Martelli G, Martellotti G, Martinazzoli L, Martinelli M, Martinez Santos D, Martinez Vidal F, Massafferri A, Materok M, Matev R, Mathad A, Matiunin V, Matteuzzi C, Mattioli KR, Mauri A, Maurice E, Mauricio J, Mayencourt P, Mazurek M, McCann M, Mcconnell L, McGrath TH, McHugh NT, McNab A, McNulty R, Meadows B, Meier G, Melnychuk D, Merk M, Merli A, Meyer Garcia L, Miao D, Miao H, Mikhasenko M, Milanes DA, Minotti A, Minucci E, Miralles T, Mitchell SE, Mitreska B, Mitzel DS, Modak A, Mödden A, Mohammed RA, Moise RD, Mokhnenko S, Mombächer T, Monk M, Monroy IA, Monteil S, Morcillo Gomez A, Morello G, Morello MJ, Morgenthaler MP, Moron J, Morris AB, Morris AG, Mountain R, Mu H, Mu ZM, Muhammad E, Muheim F, Mulder M, Müller K, Muñoz-Rojas F, Murta R, Naik P, Nakada T, Nandakumar R, Nanut T, Nasteva I, Needham M, Neri N, Neubert S, Neufeld N, Neustroev P, Newcombe R, Nicolini J, Nicotra D, Niel EM, Nikitin N, Nogga P, Nolte NS, Normand C, Novoa Fernandez J, Nowak G, Nunez C, Nur HN, Oblakowska-Mucha A, Obraztsov V, Oeser T, Okamura S, Oldeman R, Oliva F, Olocco M, Onderwater CJG, O'Neil RH, Otalora Goicochea JM, Ovsiannikova T, Owen P, Oyanguren A, Ozcelik O, Padeken KO, Pagare B, Pais PR, Pajero T, Palano A, Palutan M, Panshin G, Paolucci L, Papanestis A, Pappagallo M, Pappalardo LL, Pappenheimer C, Parkes C, Passalacqua B, Passaleva G, Passaro D, Pastore A, Patel M, Patoc J, Patrignani C, Pawley CJ, Pellegrino A, Pepe Altarelli M, Perazzini S, Pereima D, Pereiro Castro A, Perret P, Perro A, Petridis K, Petrolini A, Petrucci S, Pham H, Pica L, Piccini M, Pietrzyk B, Pietrzyk G, Pinci D, Pisani F, Pizzichemi M, Placinta V, Plo Casasus M, Polci F, Poli Lener M, Poluektov A, Polukhina N, Polyakov I, Polycarpo E, Ponce S, Popov D, Poslavskii S, Prasanth K, Prouve C, Pugatch V, Puill V, Punzi G, Qi HR, Qian W, Qin N, Qu S, Quagliani R, Rabadan Trejo RI, Rachwal B, Rademacker JH, Rama M, Ramírez García M, Ramos Pernas M, Rangel MS, Ratnikov F, Raven G, Rebollo De Miguel M, Redi F, Reich J, Reiss F, Ren Z, Resmi PK, Ribatti R, Ricart GR, Riccardi D, Ricciardi S, Richardson K, Richardson-Slipper M, Rinnert K, Robbe P, Robertson G, Rodrigues E, Rodriguez Fernandez E, Rodriguez Lopez JA, Rodriguez Rodriguez E, Rogovskiy A, Rolf DL, Rollings A, Roloff P, Romanovskiy V, Romero Lamas M, Romero Vidal A, Romolini G, Ronchetti F, Rotondo M, Roy SR, Rudolph MS, Ruf T, Ruiz Diaz M, Ruiz Fernandez RA, Ruiz Vidal J, Ryzhikov A, Ryzka J, Saborido Silva JJ, Sadek R, Sagidova N, Sahoo N, Saitta B, Salomoni M, Sanchez Gras C, Sanderswood I, Santacesaria R, Santamarina Rios C, Santimaria M, Santoro L, Santovetti E, Saputi A, Saranin D, Sarpis G, Sarpis M, Sarti A, Satriano C, Satta A, Saur M, Savrina D, Sazak H, Scantlebury Smead LG, Scarabotto A, Schael S, Scherl S, Schertz AM, Schiller M, Schindler H, Schmelling M, Schmidt B, Schmitt S, Schmitz H, Schneider O, Schopper A, Schulte N, Schulte S, Schune MH, Schwemmer R, Schwering G, Sciascia B, Sciuccati A, Sellam S, Semennikov A, Senghi Soares M, Sergi A, Serra N, Sestini L, Seuthe A, Shang Y, Shangase DM, Shapkin M, Shchemerov I, Shchutska L, Shears T, Shekhtman L, Shen Z, Sheng S, Shevchenko V, Shi B, Shields EB, Shimizu Y, Shmanin E, Shorkin R, Shupperd JD, Silva Coutinho R, Simi G, Simone S, Skidmore N, Skuza R, Skwarnicki T, Slater MW, Smallwood JC, Smith E, Smith K, Smith M, Snoch A, Soares Lavra L, Sokoloff MD, Soler FJP, Solomin A, Solovev A, Solovyev I, Song R, Song Y, Song Y, Song YS, Souza De Almeida FL, Souza De Paula B, Spadaro Norella E, Spedicato E, Speer JG, Spiridenkov E, Spradlin P, Sriskaran V, Stagni F, Stahl M, Stahl S, Stanislaus S, Stein EN, Steinkamp O, Stenyakin O, Stevens H, Strekalina D, Su Y, Suljik F, Sun J, Sun L, Sun Y, Swallow PN, Swientek K, Swystun F, Szabelski A, Szumlak T, Szymanski M, Tan Y, Taneja S, Tat MD, Terentev A, Terzuoli F, Teubert F, Thomas E, Thompson DJD, Tilquin H, Tisserand V, T'Jampens S, Tobin M, Tomassetti L, Tonani G, Tong X, Torres Machado D, Toscano L, Tou DY, Trippl C, Tuci G, Tuning N, Uecker LH, Ukleja A, Unverzagt DJ, Ursov E, Usachov A, Ustyuzhanin A, Uwer U, Vagnoni V, Valassi A, Valenti G, Valls Canudas N, Van Hecke H, van Herwijnen E, Van Hulse CB, Van Laak R, van Veghel M, Vazquez Gomez R, Vazquez Regueiro P, Vázquez Sierra C, Vecchi S, Velthuis JJ, Veltri M, Venkateswaran A, Vesterinen M, Vieira D, Vieites Diaz M, Vilasis-Cardona X, Vilella Figueras E, Villa A, Vincent P, Volle FC, Vom Bruch D, Vorobyev V, Voropaev N, Vos K, Vouters G, Vrahas C, Walsh J, Walton EJ, Wan G, Wang C, Wang G, Wang J, Wang J, Wang J, Wang J, Wang M, Wang NW, Wang R, Wang X, Wang XW, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Ward JA, Watson NK, Websdale D, Wei Y, Westhenry BDC, White DJ, Whitehead M, Wiederhold AR, Wiedner D, Wilkinson G, Wilkinson MK, Williams M, Williams MRJ, Williams R, Wilson FF, Wislicki W, Witek M, Witola L, Wong CP, Wormser G, Wotton SA, Wu H, Wu J, Wu Y, Wyllie K, Xian S, Xiang Z, Xie Y, Xu A, Xu J, Xu L, Xu L, Xu M, Xu Z, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang D, Yang S, Yang X, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yang Z, Yeroshenko V, Yeung H, Yin H, Yu CY, Yu J, Yuan X, Zaffaroni E, Zavertyaev M, Zdybal M, Zeng M, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang YZ, Zhao Y, Zharkova A, Zhelezov A, Zheng XZ, Zheng Y, Zhou T, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Zhovkovska V, Zhu LZ, Zhu X, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zhukov V, Zhuo J, Zou Q, Zuliani D, Zunica G. Amplitude Analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} Decay. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:131801. [PMID: 38613276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
An amplitude analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} decay is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb^{-1} of pp collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. For the first time, the coefficients associated to short-distance physics effects, sensitive to processes beyond the standard model, are extracted directly from the data through a q^{2}-unbinned amplitude analysis, where q^{2} is the μ^{+}μ^{-} invariant mass squared. Long-distance contributions, which originate from nonfactorizable QCD processes, are systematically investigated, and the most accurate assessment to date of their impact on the physical observables is obtained. The pattern of measured corrections to the short-distance couplings is found to be consistent with previous analyses of b- to s-quark transitions, with the largest discrepancy from the standard model predictions found to be at the level of 1.8 standard deviations. The global significance of the observed differences in the decay is 1.4 standard deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aaij
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - F Abudinén
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - T Ackernley
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Adeva
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Adinolfi
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - P Adlarson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - C Agapopoulou
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C A Aidala
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - Z Ajaltouni
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Akar
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - K Akiba
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - P Albicocco
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - J Albrecht
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Alessio
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Alexander
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Aliouche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P Alvarez Cartelle
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - R Amalric
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S Amato
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J L Amey
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Y Amhis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L An
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - M Andersson
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Andreianov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Andreola
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - D Andreou
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - A Anelli
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - D Ao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Archilli
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - A Artamonov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Artuso
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - E Aslanides
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - M Atzeni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B Audurier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bacher
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Bachmann
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Bachmayer
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J J Back
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Bailly-Reyre
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P Baladron Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Balagura
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - W Baldini
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - I R Barbosa
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
| | - R J Barlow
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Barsuk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - W Barter
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Bartolini
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - F Baryshnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J M Basels
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - G Bassi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - B Batsukh
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - A Battig
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Bay
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Beck
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Becker
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - I B Bediaga
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Beiter
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - S Belin
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Bellee
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Belous
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Belov
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - I Belyaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Benane
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - G Bencivenni
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - E Ben-Haim
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Berezhnoy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Bernet
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - C Bertella
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bertolin
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C Betancourt
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Betti
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Bex
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ia Bezshyiko
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J Bhom
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M S Bieker
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - P Billoir
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Biolchini
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Birch
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F C R Bishop
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - A Bitadze
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bizzeti
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - M P Blago
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T Blake
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Blanc
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J E Blank
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Blusk
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - D Bobulska
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - V Bocharnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J A Boelhauve
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Boente Garcia
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Boettcher
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - A Bohare
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Boldyrev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C S Bolognani
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - N Bondar
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - F Borgato
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Borghi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Borsato
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - J T Borsuk
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S A Bouchiba
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T J V Bowcock
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Boyer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M J Bradley
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Braun
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - A Brea Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - N Breer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Brodzicka
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Brossa Gonzalo
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Brown
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D Brundu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A Buonaura
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Buonincontri
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A T Burke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C Burr
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Bursche
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - A Butkevich
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J S Butter
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Buytaert
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - W Byczynski
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Cadeddu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Cai
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | | | - L Calefice
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Cali
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - M Calvi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - M Calvo Gomez
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Cambon Bouzas
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Campana
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - D H Campora Perez
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - S Capelli
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - A Carbone
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Carcedo Salgado
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - A Cardini
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - P Carniti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - L Carus
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Casais Vidal
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Caspary
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Casse
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Cattaneo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - S Celani
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Cerasoli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - D Cervenkov
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Cesare
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - A J Chadwick
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - I Chahrour
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Charles
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - Ph Charpentier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C A Chavez Barajas
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Chefdeville
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - C Chen
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - S Chen
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - A Chernov
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S Chernyshenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V Chobanova
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Cholak
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Chrzaszcz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Chubykin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - V Chulikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Ciambrone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - M F Cicala
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - X Cid Vidal
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Ciezarek
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Cifra
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P E L Clarke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Clemencic
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H V Cliff
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Closier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J L Cobbledick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C Cocha Toapaxi
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Coco
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Cogan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - E Cogneras
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L Cojocariu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - P Collins
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Colombo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - A Contu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - N Cooke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - I Corredoira
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Correia
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - G Corti
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J J Cottee Meldrum
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - B Couturier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D C Craik
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Cruz Torres
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Currie
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C L Da Silva
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - S Dadabaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Dai
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - X Dai
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - E Dall'Occo
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Dalseno
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C D'Ambrosio
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Daniel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Danilina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | - A Davidson
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J E Davies
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Davis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - O De Aguiar Francisco
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - J de Boer
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K De Bruyn
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - S De Capua
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M De Cian
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - E De Lucia
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - J M De Miranda
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L De Paula
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - D De Simone
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P De Simone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - F De Vellis
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J A de Vries
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - D Decamp
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - V Dedu
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - L Del Buono
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - B Delaney
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H-P Dembinski
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Deng
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - V Denysenko
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Dettori
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B Dey
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
| | - P Di Nezza
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - I Diachkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Didenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Ding
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - V Dobishuk
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A D Docheva
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Dolmatov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Dong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - A M Donohoe
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Dordei
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A C Dos Reis
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Douglas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A G Downes
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - W Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - P Duda
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - M W Dudek
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - L Dufour
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Duk
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Durante
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M M Duras
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - A Dziurda
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Dzyuba
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Easo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - E Eckstein
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - U Egede
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Egorychev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - V Egorychev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Eirea Orro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Eisenhardt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - E Ejopu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Ek-In
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Eklund
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - M Elashri
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - J Ellbracht
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Ely
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Ene
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - E Epple
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - S Escher
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Eschle
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Esen
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - F Fabiano
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L N Falcao
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Y Fan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Fang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - L Fantini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Faria
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Farmer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Fazzini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - L Felkowski
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - M Feng
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Feo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fernandez Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A D Fernez
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - F Ferrari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - S Ferreres Sole
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Ferrillo
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Ferro-Luzzi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Filippov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R A Fini
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Fiorini
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Firlej
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - K M Fischer
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D S Fitzgerald
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - C Fitzpatrick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Fiutowski
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - M Fontana
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L F Foreman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Forty
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Foulds-Holt
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Frank
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - G Frau
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Frei
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D A Friday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Fu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q Fuehring
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Y Fujii
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Fulghesu
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - E Gabriel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G Galati
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M D Galati
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Gallas Torreira
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Galli
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Gambetta
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Gandelman
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Gandini
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - H Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Gao
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Y Gao
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Gao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Gao
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - M Garau
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - L M Garcia Martin
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - J García Pardiñas
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Garcia Plana
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - K G Garg
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Garrido
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Gaspar
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R E Geertsema
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L L Gerken
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Gersabeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Gersabeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ghorbanimoghaddam
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - L Giambastiani
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - F I Giasemis
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - V Gibson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - H K Giemza
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - A L Gilman
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Giovannetti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Gioventù
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - M A Giza
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - F C Glaser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V V Gligorov
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - C Göbel
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
| | - E Golobardes
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Golubkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Golutvin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Gomes
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - M Goncerz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - G Gong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J A Gooding
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - I V Gorelov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Gotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - J P Grabowski
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | | | - E Graugés
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Graverini
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Grazette
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Graziani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - A T Grecu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - L M Greeven
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - N A Grieser
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - L Grillo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Gromov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Gu
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - M Guarise
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Guittiere
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - V Guliaeva
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P A Günther
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A-K Guseinov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - E Gushchin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Y Guz
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Gys
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Hadavizadeh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - G Haefeli
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Haen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Haimberger
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Hajheidari
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Halewood-Leagas
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M M Halvorsen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P M Hamilton
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - J Hammerich
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Q Han
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Han
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hansmann-Menzemer
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Hao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - N Harnew
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Harrison
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Hartmann
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - C Hasse
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - K Heijhoff
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - F Hemmer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Henderson
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - R D L Henderson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A M Hennequin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Hennessy
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Henry
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Herd
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Herrero Gascon
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Heuel
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hicheur
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Hill
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S E Hollitt
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Horswill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Hou
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Hou
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - N Howarth
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Hu
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - W Hu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Hu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - W Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W Hulsbergen
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R J Hunter
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Hushchyn
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - D Hutchcroft
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Idzik
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Ilin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Ilten
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - A Inglessi
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Iniukhin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Ishteev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Ivshin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Jacobsson
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H Jage
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S J Jaimes Elles
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - S Jakobsen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Jans
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B K Jashal
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - V Jevtic
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Jiang
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Jiang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y J Jiang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - M John
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Johnson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C R Jones
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S Joshi
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Jost
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N Jurik
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Juszczak
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Kaminaris
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Kandybei
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Y Kang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M Karacson
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Karpenkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Karpov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A M Kauniskangas
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J W Kautz
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - F Keizer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D M Keller
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - M Kenzie
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T Ketel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B Khanji
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - A Kharisova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | - G Khreich
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - T Kirn
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - V S Kirsebom
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Kitouni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Klaver
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - K Klimaszewski
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M R Kmiec
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Koliiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - L Kolk
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Konoplyannikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Kopciewicz
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Koppenburg
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Korolev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Kostiuk
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - O Kot
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S Kotriakhova
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Kozachuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Kravchenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Kravchuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Kreps
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S Kretzschmar
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Krokovny
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - W Krupa
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - W Krzemien
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kubat
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kubis
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - W Kucewicz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Kucharczyk
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - V Kudryavtsev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - E Kulikova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Kupsc
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - B K Kutsenko
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - D Lacarrere
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Lai
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A Lampis
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - D Lancierini
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C Landesa Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J J Lane
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Lane
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - C Langenbruch
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Langer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Lantwin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - C Lazzeroni
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Le Gac
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - S H Lee
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - R Lefèvre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Leflat
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Legotin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Lehuraux
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - O Leroy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - T Lesiak
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - B Leverington
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Li
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - H Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - K Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P Li
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P-R Li
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - S Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - T Li
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - T Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Li
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - Z Li
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Z Lian
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - X Liang
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - C Lin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - T Lin
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - R Lindner
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Lisovskyi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Litvinov
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - H Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - K Liu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - Q Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Liu
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Y Liu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - Y L Liu
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Loi
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - J Lomba Castro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Long
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J H Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - S López Soliño
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G H Lovell
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Lucchesi
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - S Luchuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Lucio Martinez
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - V Lukashenko
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Y Luo
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - A Lupato
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Lynch
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - X-R Lyu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - G M Ma
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - R Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Maccolini
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Machefert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - F Maciuc
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - I Mackay
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L R Madhan Mohan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M M Madurai
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Maevskiy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - D Magdalinski
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Maisuzenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M W Majewski
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J J Malczewski
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S Malde
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Malecki
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L Malentacca
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Malinin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Maltsev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Manca
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - C Mancuso
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - D Manuzzi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - J F Marchand
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - R Marchevski
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - U Marconi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Mariani
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Marin Benito
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Marks
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A M Marshall
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - P J Marshall
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - L Martinazzoli
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - D Martinez Santos
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Martinez Vidal
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Massafferri
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Materok
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Matev
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Mathad
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V Matiunin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Matteuzzi
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - K R Mattioli
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Mauri
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Maurice
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Mauricio
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Mayencourt
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Mazurek
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M McCann
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Mcconnell
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T H McGrath
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N T McHugh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A McNab
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R McNulty
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - G Meier
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Melnychuk
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Merk
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - A Merli
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - L Meyer Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Miao
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H Miao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Mikhasenko
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - D A Milanes
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - A Minotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - E Minucci
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - T Miralles
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S E Mitchell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - B Mitreska
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D S Mitzel
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Modak
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - A Mödden
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - R A Mohammed
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R D Moise
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Mokhnenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Mombächer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Monk
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - I A Monroy
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - S Monteil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Morcillo Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Morello
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | | | - M P Morgenthaler
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Moron
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - A B Morris
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A G Morris
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - R Mountain
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - H Mu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Z M Mu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - E Muhammad
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Muheim
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Mulder
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - K Müller
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Muñoz-Rojas
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - R Murta
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Naik
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Nakada
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Nandakumar
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - T Nanut
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Nasteva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Needham
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - S Neubert
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - N Neufeld
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Neustroev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Newcombe
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Nicolini
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Nicotra
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - E M Niel
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Nikitin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Nogga
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - N S Nolte
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Normand
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - J Novoa Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Nowak
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - C Nunez
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - H N Nur
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Oblakowska-Mucha
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - V Obraztsov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Oeser
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Okamura
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Oldeman
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - F Oliva
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Olocco
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - C J G Onderwater
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - R H O'Neil
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - T Ovsiannikova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Owen
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Oyanguren
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - O Ozcelik
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K O Padeken
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - B Pagare
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P R Pais
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Pajero
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Palutan
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - G Panshin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Paolucci
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Papanestis
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - C Parkes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - M Patel
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Patoc
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - C J Pawley
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - A Pellegrino
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - D Pereima
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Pereiro Castro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Perret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Perro
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Petridis
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Petrucci
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - H Pham
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - L Pica
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Piccini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - B Pietrzyk
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - G Pietrzyk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - D Pinci
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - F Pisani
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - V Placinta
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - M Plo Casasus
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Polci
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Poli Lener
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Poluektov
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - N Polukhina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Polyakov
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Polycarpo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Ponce
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Popov
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Poslavskii
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Prasanth
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - C Prouve
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Pugatch
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V Puill
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - G Punzi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - H R Qi
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - W Qian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - N Qin
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Qu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - R Quagliani
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R I Rabadan Trejo
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - B Rachwal
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J H Rademacker
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Ramírez García
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Ramos Pernas
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M S Rangel
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Ratnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Raven
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Rebollo De Miguel
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Redi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Reich
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - F Reiss
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ren
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - P K Resmi
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - G R Ricart
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - S Ricciardi
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - K Richardson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Richardson-Slipper
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K Rinnert
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Robbe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - G Robertson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - E Rodrigues
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E Rodriguez Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J A Rodriguez Lopez
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - E Rodriguez Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Rogovskiy
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - D L Rolf
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Rollings
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Roloff
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Romanovskiy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Romero Lamas
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Romero Vidal
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - F Ronchetti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - S R Roy
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M S Rudolph
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - T Ruf
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Ruiz Diaz
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R A Ruiz Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Ruiz Vidal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - A Ryzhikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J Ryzka
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J J Saborido Silva
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Sadek
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Sagidova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - N Sahoo
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - B Saitta
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - M Salomoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - C Sanchez Gras
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - I Sanderswood
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - C Santamarina Rios
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Santimaria
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - L Santoro
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - A Saputi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Saranin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Sarpis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Sarpis
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - A Sarti
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - C Satriano
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - A Satta
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - M Saur
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Savrina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - H Sazak
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - A Scarabotto
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S Schael
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Scherl
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A M Schertz
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
| | - M Schiller
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H Schindler
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Schmelling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Schmidt
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Schmitt
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - H Schmitz
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - O Schneider
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Schopper
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N Schulte
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Schulte
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M H Schune
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - R Schwemmer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Sciascia
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Sciuccati
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Sellam
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Semennikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Senghi Soares
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Sergi
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - N Serra
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Sestini
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Seuthe
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Y Shang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D M Shangase
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Shapkin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Shchemerov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Shchutska
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Shears
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Shekhtman
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Z Shen
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - S Sheng
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Shevchenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - B Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - E B Shields
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Y Shimizu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - E Shmanin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Shorkin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | | | - G Simi
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - S Simone
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - N Skidmore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Skuza
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - M W Slater
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J C Smallwood
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - E Smith
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Smith
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - M Smith
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Snoch
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Soares Lavra
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - F J P Soler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Solomin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - A Solovev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Solovyev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Song
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Song
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Y Song
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y S Song
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - B Souza De Paula
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - J G Speer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Spiridenkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Spradlin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - V Sriskaran
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Stagni
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Stahl
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Stahl
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Stanislaus
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - E N Stein
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O Steinkamp
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Stenyakin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - H Stevens
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Strekalina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Y Su
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Suljik
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Sun
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - L Sun
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Y Sun
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - P N Swallow
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Swientek
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - F Swystun
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Szabelski
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Szumlak
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Szymanski
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Tan
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M D Tat
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Terentev
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - F Teubert
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Thomas
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - H Tilquin
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - V Tisserand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S T'Jampens
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - M Tobin
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | | | - G Tonani
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - X Tong
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Torres Machado
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Toscano
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Y Tou
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - C Trippl
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Tuci
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N Tuning
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L H Uecker
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Ukleja
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - D J Unverzagt
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Ursov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Usachov
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Ustyuzhanin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - U Uwer
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Vagnoni
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Valassi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Valenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - H Van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - C B Van Hulse
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Van Laak
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M van Veghel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - P Vazquez Regueiro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Vázquez Sierra
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Vecchi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - J J Velthuis
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Veltri
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - A Venkateswaran
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Vesterinen
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Vieira
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - M Vieites Diaz
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - E Vilella Figueras
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Villa
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Vincent
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - F C Volle
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - D Vom Bruch
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - V Vorobyev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - N Voropaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Vos
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - G Vouters
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - C Vrahas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E J Walton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Wan
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - C Wang
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Wang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Wang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - M Wang
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - N W Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Wang
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - X Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - X W Wang
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z Wang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - Z Wang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J A Ward
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - N K Watson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Websdale
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wei
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - B D C Westhenry
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - D J White
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Whitehead
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A R Wiederhold
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Wiedner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Wilkinson
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Williams
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M R J Williams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R Williams
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - W Wislicki
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Witek
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - L Witola
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C P Wong
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - S A Wotton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - H Wu
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Wu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - K Wyllie
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Xian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Z Xiang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - Y Xie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - A Xu
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - J Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Xu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - L Xu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Xu
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Z Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Z Xu
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - D Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Yang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Yang
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Z Yang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Yang
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - V Yeroshenko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - H Yeung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - H Yin
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - C Y Yu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Yu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - X Yuan
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - E Zaffaroni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Zavertyaev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Zdybal
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Zeng
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - C Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Zhang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - S Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Y Z Zhang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Zharkova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Zhelezov
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Z Zheng
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - T Zhou
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhou
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Zhovkovska
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Z Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhu
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J Zhuo
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Q Zou
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - D Zuliani
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - G Zunica
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Zhao H, Zhang S, Qin H, Liu X, Ma D, Han X, Mao J, Liu S. DSNetax: a deep learning species annotation method based on a deep-shallow parallel framework. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae157. [PMID: 38600668 PMCID: PMC11007113 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial community analysis is an important field to study the composition and function of microbial communities. Microbial species annotation is crucial to revealing microorganisms' complex ecological functions in environmental, ecological and host interactions. Currently, widely used methods can suffer from issues such as inaccurate species-level annotations and time and memory constraints, and as sequencing technology advances and sequencing costs decline, microbial species annotation methods with higher quality classification effectiveness become critical. Therefore, we processed 16S rRNA gene sequences into k-mers sets and then used a trained DNABERT model to generate word vectors. We also design a parallel network structure consisting of deep and shallow modules to extract the semantic and detailed features of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Our method can accurately and rapidly classify bacterial sequences at the SILVA database's genus and species level. The database is characterized by long sequence length (1500 base pairs), multiple sequences (428,748 reads) and high similarity. The results show that our method has better performance. The technique is nearly 20% more accurate at the species level than the currently popular naive Bayes-dominated QIIME 2 annotation method, and the top-5 results at the species level differ from BLAST methods by <2%. In summary, our approach combines a multi-module deep learning approach that overcomes the limitations of existing methods, providing an efficient and accurate solution for microbial species labeling and more reliable data support for microbiology research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhao
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan university, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Suyi Zhang
- Luzhou Laojiao Group Co. Ltd, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Luzhou Laojiao Group Co. Ltd, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Luzhou Laojiao Group Co. Ltd, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dongna Ma
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiao Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Jian Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan university, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health, Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
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Zhang Y, Li J, Han X, Jiang H, Wang J, Wang M, Zhang X, Zhang L, Hu J, Fu Z, Shi L. Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction ameliorates intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction in ulcerative colitis via the GC-C signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 322:117503. [PMID: 38043755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disorder of the colonic mucosa, accompanied with abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea. Currently, clinical treatment options for UC are limited. Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction (QCWZD) is an effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of UC. However, the mechanism of QCWZD in alleviating intestinal barrier dysfunction in UC has not been clearly explained. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the mechanism whereby QCWZD promotes the recovery of intestinal barrier dysfunction in UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A secondary analysis of colonic mucosa from UC patients acquired from a prior RCT clinical trial was performed. The effects of QCWZD on intestinal mucus and mechanical barriers in UC patients were evaluated using colon tissue paraffin-embedded sections from UC patients. The mechanism was further investigated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. UC mice were established in sterile water with 3.0% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Meanwhile, mice in the treatment group were dosed with QCWZD or mesalazine. In vitro, an intestinal barrier model was constructed using Caco-2 and HT29 cells in co-culture. GC-C plasmid was used to overexpress/knock down GC-C to clarify the target of QCWZD. HE, AB-PAS, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays were used to assess the level of colonic inflammation and intestinal barrier integrity. Rt-qPCR, Western Blot were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins related to GC-C signaling pathway. Molecular docking was used to simulate the binding sites of major components of QCWZD to GC-C. RESULTS In UC patients, QCWZD increased mucus secretion, goblet cell number, and promoted MUC2 and ZO-1 expression. QCWZD accelerated the recovery of UC mice from DSS-induced inflammation, including weight gain, reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length recovery, and histological healing. QCWZD promoted mucus secretion and increased ZO-1 expression in in vivo and in vitro experiments, thereby repairing mucus mechanical barrier damage. The effects of QCWZD are mediated through regulation of the GC-C signaling pathway, which in turn affects CFTR phosphorylation and MUC2 expression to promote mucus secretion, while inhibiting the over-activation of MLCK and repairing tight junctions to maintain the integrity of the mechanical barrier. Molecular docking results demonstrate the binding of the main components of QCWZD to GC-C. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that QCWZD modulates the GC-C signaling pathway to promote remission of mucus-mechanical barrier damage in the UC. The clarification of the mechanism of QCWZD holds promise for the development of new therapies for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - MuYuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juncong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - ZhiHao Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dong Fang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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28
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Li J, Wu G, Huang Z, Han X, Wu B, Liu P, Hu H, Yu G, Hong X. Vertically Stacked Amorphous Ir/Ru/Ir Oxide Nanosheets for Boosted Acidic Water Splitting. JACS Au 2024; 4:1243-1249. [PMID: 38559737 PMCID: PMC10976594 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Integrating multiple functional components into vertically stacked heterostructures offers a prospective approach to manipulating the physicochemical properties of materials. The synthesis of vertically stacked heterogeneous noble metal oxides remains a challenge. Herein, we report a surface segregation approach to create vertically stacked amorphous Ir/Ru/Ir oxide nanosheets (NSs). Cross-sectional high-angle annular darkfield scanning transmission electron microscopy images demonstrate a three-layer heterostructure in the amorphous Ir/Ru/Ir oxide NSs, with IrOx layers located on the upper and lower surfaces, and a layer of RuOx sandwiched between the two IrOx layers. The vertically stacked heterostructure is a result of the diffusion of Ir atoms from the amorphous IrRuOx solid solution to the surface. The obtained A-Ir/Ru/Ir oxide NSs display an ultralow overpotential of 191 mV at 10 mA cm-2 toward acid oxygen evolution reaction and demonstrate excellent performance in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer, which requires only 1.63 V to achieve 1 A cm-2 at 60 °C, with virtually no activity decay observed after a 1300 h test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Li
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Geng Wu
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zixiang Huang
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bei Wu
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Peigen Liu
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Haohui Hu
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ge Yu
- Center
of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry,
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xun Hong
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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29
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Wang KY, Wu SM, Yao ZJ, Zhu YX, Han X. Insufficient TRPM5 Mediates Lipotoxicity-induced Pancreatic β-cell Dysfunction. Curr Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11596-023-2795-5. [PMID: 38517672 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the reduction of transient receptor potential channel subfamily M member 5 (TRPM5) has been reported in islet cells from type 2 diabetic (T2D) mouse models, its role in lipotoxicity-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction remains unclear. This study aims to study its role. METHODS Pancreas slices were prepared from mice subjected to a high-fat-diet (HFD) at different time points, and TRPM5 expression in the pancreatic β cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) defects caused by lipotoxicity were mimicked by saturated fatty acid palmitate (Palm). Primary mouse islets and mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells were treated with Palm, and the TRPM5 expression was detected using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Palm-induced GSIS defects were measured following siRNA-based Trpm5 knockdown. The detrimental effects of Palm on primary mouse islets were also assessed after overexpressing Trpm5 via an adenovirus-derived Trpm5 (Ad-Trpm5). RESULTS HFD feeding decreased the mRNA levels and protein expression of TRPM5 in mouse pancreatic islets. Palm reduced TRPM5 protein expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner in MIN6 cells. Palm also inhibited TRPM5 expression in primary mouse islets. Knockdown of Trpm5 inhibited insulin secretion upon high glucose stimulation but had little effect on insulin biosynthesis. Overexpression of Trpm5 reversed Palm-induced GSIS defects and the production of functional maturation molecules unique to β cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lipotoxicity inhibits TRPM5 expression in pancreatic β cells both in vivo and in vitro and, in turn, drives β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shi-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zheng-Jian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun-Xia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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30
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Li Y, Yu G, Li J, Bian Z, Han X, Wu B, Wu G, Yang Q, Hong X. Universal Synthesis of Amorphous Metal Oxide Nanomeshes. Small 2024:e2401162. [PMID: 38511537 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Constructing the pore structures in amorphous metal oxide nanosheets can enhance their electrocatalytic performance by efficiently increasing specific surface areas and facilitating mass transport in electrocatalysis. However, the accurate synthesis for porous amorphous metal oxide nanosheets remains a challenge. Herein, a facile nitrate-assisted oxidation strategy is reported for synthesizing amorphous mesoporous iridium oxide nanomeshes (a-m IrOx NMs) with a pore size of ∼4 nm. X-ray absorption characterizations indicate that a-m IrOx NMs possess stretched Ir─O bonds and weaker Ir-O interaction compared with commercial IrO2. Combining thermogravimetric-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with differential scanning calorimetry measurements, it is demonstrated that sodium nitrate, acting as an oxidizing agent, is conducive to the formation of amorphous nanosheets, while the NO2 produced by the in situ decomposition of nitrates facilitates the generation of pores within the nanomeshes. As an anode electrocatalyst in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer, a-m IrOx NMs exhibit superior performance, maintaining a cell voltage of 1.67 V at 1 A cm-2 for 120 h without obvious decay with a low loading (0.4 mgcatalyst cm-2). Furthermore, the nitrate-assisted method is demonstrated to be a general approach to prepare various amorphous metal oxide nanomeshes, including amorphous RhOx, TiOx, ZrOx, AlOx, and HfOx nanomeshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youle Li
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion (LNEC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ge Yu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Li
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zenan Bian
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bei Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Geng Wu
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion (LNEC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hong
- Center of Advanced Nanocatalysis (CAN), Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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Han X, Chang L, Chen H, Zhao J, Tian F, Ross RP, Stanton C, van Sinderen D, Chen W, Yang B. Harnessing the endogenous Type I-C CRISPR-Cas system for genome editing in Bifidobacterium breve. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0207423. [PMID: 38319094 PMCID: PMC10952402 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02074-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium breve, one of the main bifidobacterial species colonizing the human gastrointestinal tract in early life, has received extensive attention for its purported beneficial effects on human health. However, exploration of the mode of action of such beneficial effects exerted by B. breve is cumbersome due to the lack of effective genetic tools, which limits its synthetic biology application. The widespread presence of CRISPR-Cas systems in the B. breve genome makes endogenous CRISPR-based gene editing toolkits a promising tool. This study revealed that Type I-C CRISPR-Cas systems in B. breve can be divided into two groups based on the amino acid sequences encoded by cas gene clusters. Deletion of the gene coding uracil phosphoribosyl-transferase (upp) was achieved in five B. breve strains from both groups using this system. In addition, translational termination of uracil phosphoribosyl-transferase was successfully achieved in B. breve FJSWX38M7 by single-base substitution of the upp gene and insertion of three stop codons. The gene encoding linoleic acid isomerase (bbi) in B. breve, being a characteristic trait, was deleted after plasmid curing, which rendered it unable to convert linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid, demonstrating the feasibility of successive editing. This study expands the toolkit for gene manipulation in B. breve and provides a new approach toward functional genome editing and analysis of B. breve strains.IMPORTANCEThe lack of effective genetic tools for Bifidobacterium breve is an obstacle to studying the molecular mechanisms of its health-promoting effects, hindering the development of next-generation probiotics. Here, we introduce a gene editing method based on the endogenous CRISPR-Cas system, which can achieve gene deletion, single-base substitution, gene insertion, and successive gene editing in B. breve. This study will facilitate discovery of functional genes and elucidation of molecular mechanisms of B. breve pertaining to health-associated benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - R. Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Kou J, Li Y, Zhao Z, Qiao J, Zhang Q, Han X, Cheng X, Man S, Ma L. Simultaneous Dual-Gene Test of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus using an Argonaute-Centered Portable and Visual Biosensor. Small 2024:e2311764. [PMID: 38506607 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel method for drug-resistant bacteria detection is imperative. A simultaneous dual-gene Test of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is developed using an Argonaute-centered portable biosensor (STAR). This is the first report concerning Argonaute-based pathogenic bacteria detection. Simply, the species-specific mecA and nuc gene are isothermally amplified using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique, followed by Argonaute-based detection enabled by its programmable, guided, sequence-specific recognition and cleavage. With the strategy, the targeted nucleic acid signals gene are dexterously converted into fluorescent signals. STAR is capable of detecting the nuc gene and mecA gene simultaneously in a single reaction. The limit of detection is 10 CFU/mL with a dynamic range from 10 to 107 CFU/mL. The sample-to-result time is <65 min. This method is successfully adapted to detect clinical samples, contaminated foods, and MRSA-infected animals. This work broadens the reach of Argonaute-based biosensing and presents a novel bacterial point-of-need (PON) detection platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jiali Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Branch of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300250, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xinkuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
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Shi J, Ding F, Dai D, Song X, Wu X, Yan D, Han X, Tao G, Dai W. Noxa inhibits oncogenesis through ZNF519 in gastric cancer and is suppressed by hsa-miR-200b-3p. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6568. [PMID: 38503887 PMCID: PMC10951337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
While Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (Noxa/PMAIP1) assumes a pivotal role in numerous tumors, its clinical implications and underlying mechanisms of gastric cancer (GC) are yet enigmatic. In this investigation, our primary objective was to scrutinize the clinical relevance and potential mechanisms of Noxa in gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on tissue microarrays comprising samples from a meticulously characterized cohort of 84 gastric cancer patients, accompanied by follow-up data, to assess the expression of Noxa. Additionally, Noxa expression levels in gastric cancer clinical samples and cell lines were measured through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The effect of Noxa expression on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival. Further insight into the role of Noxa in driving gastric cancer progression was gained through an array of experimental techniques, including cell viability assays (CCK8), plate cloning assays, transwell assays, scratch assays, and real-time cell analysis (RTCA). Potential upstream microRNAs (miRNAs) that might modulate Noxa were identified through rigorous bioinformatics analysis, substantiated by luciferase reporter assays and Western blot experiments. Additionally, we utilized RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, and Western blot to identify proteins binding to Noxa and potential downstream target. Finally, we utilized BALB/c nude mice to explore the role of Noxa in vivo. Our investigation unveiled a marked downregulation of Noxa expression in gastric cancer and underscored its significance as a pivotal prognostic factor influencing overall survival (OS). Noxa overexpression exerted a substantial inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays unveiled the capacity of hsa-miR-200b-3p to interact with the 3'-UTR of Noxa mRNA, thereby orchestrating a downregulation of Noxa expression in vitro, consequently promoting tumor progression in GC. Our transcriptome analysis, coupled with mechanistic validation, elucidated a role for Noxa in modulating the expression of ZNF519 in the Mitophagy-animal pathway. The depletion of ZNF519 effectively reversed the oncogenic attributes induced by Noxa. Upregulation of Noxa expression suppressed the tumorigenesis of GC in vivo. The current investigation sheds light on the pivotal role of the hsa-miR-200b-3p/Noxa/ZNF519 axis in elucidating the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, offering a promising avenue for targeted therapeutic interventions in the management of this challenging malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezhu Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Vascular, Huaian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weijie Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223300, People's Republic of China.
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Tan S, Han X, Sun Y, Guo P, Sun X, Chai Z, Jiang L, Heng L. Light-Induced Dynamic Manipulation of Liquid Metal Droplets in the Ambient Atmosphere. ACS Nano 2024; 18:8484-8495. [PMID: 38445597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic manipulation of liquid metal (LM) droplets, a material combining metallicity and fluidity, has recently revealed tremendous potential in developing unconstrained microrobots. LM manipulating techniques based on magnetic fields, electric fields, chemical reactions, and ion concentration gradients in liquid environments have advanced considerably, but dynamic manipulation in air remains a challenge. Herein, a photoresponsive pyroelectric superhydrophobic (PPS) platform is proposed for noncontact, flexible, and controllable manipulation in the ambient atmosphere. The PPS can generate additional free charges when illuminated by light, thus generating the driving force to manipulate liquid metal droplets. By using the synergistic effect of dielectrophoretic and electrostatic forces generated under light navigation, liquid metal droplets can achieve a series of complex motion behaviors, such as climbing slopes, going over steps, avoiding obstacles, crossing mazes, etc. We further extend the light control of liquid metal droplets to robots applied in electronic circuits, including circuit switching robots and circuit welding robots. This light strategy for manipulating liquid metal droplets provides insights into the development of intelligent, responsive interfaces and simultaneously provides possibilities for the application of liquid metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengda Tan
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pu Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Chai
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liping Heng
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Yan L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Zhang L, Han X, Yang Y, Zhang C, Liu Y, Yu R. Preparation and characterization of a novel humanized collagen III with repeated fragments of Gly300-Asp329. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 219:106473. [PMID: 38508543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant human collagens have attracted intensive interest in the past two decades, demonstrating considerable potential in medicine, tissue engineering, and cosmetics. Several humanized recombinant collagens have been produced, exhibiting similar characteristics as the native species. To get insight into the structural and bioactive properties of different parts of collagen, in this study, the segment of Gly300-Asp329 of type III collagen was first adopted and repeated 18 times to prepare a novel recombinant collagen (named rhCLA). RhCLA was successfully expressed in E. coli, and a convenient separation procedure was established through reasonably combining alkaline precipitation and acid precipitation, yielding crude rhCLA with a purity exceeding 90%. Additionally, a polishing purification step utilizing cation exchange chromatography was developed, achieving rhCLA purity surpassing 98% and an overall recovery of approximately 120 mg/L culture. Simultaneously, the contents of endotoxin, nucleic acids, and host proteins were reduced to extremely low levels. This fragmented type III collagen displayed a triple-helical structure and gel-forming capability at low temperatures. Distinct fibrous morphology was also observed through TEM analysis. In cell experiments, rhCLA exhibited excellent biocompatibility and cell adhesion properties. These results provide valuable insights for functional studies of type III collagen and a reference approach for the large-scale production of recombinant collagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiexin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yumo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Rong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Lin S, Feng D, Han X, Li L, Lin Y, Gao H. Microfluidic platform for omics analysis on single cells with diverse morphology and size: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1294:342217. [PMID: 38336406 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microfluidic techniques have emerged as powerful tools in single-cell research, facilitating the exploration of omics information from individual cells. Cell morphology is crucial for gene expression and physiological processes. However, there is currently a lack of integrated analysis of morphology and single-cell omics information. A critical challenge remains: what platform technologies are the best option to decode omics data of cells that are complex in morphology and size? RESULTS This review highlights achievements in microfluidic-based single-cell omics and isolation of cells based on morphology, along with other cell sorting methods based on physical characteristics. Various microfluidic platforms for single-cell isolation are systematically presented, showcasing their diversity and adaptability. The discussion focuses on microfluidic devices tailored to the distinct single-cell isolation requirements in plants and animals, emphasizing the significance of considering cell morphology and cell size in optimizing single-cell omics strategies. Simultaneously, it explores the application of microfluidic single-cell sorting technologies to single-cell sequencing, aiming to effectively integrate information about cell shape and size. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY The novelty lies in presenting a comprehensive overview of recent accomplishments in microfluidic-based single-cell omics, emphasizing the integration of different microfluidic platforms and their implications for cell morphology-based isolation. By underscoring the pivotal role of the specialized morphology of different cells in single-cell research, this review provides robust support for delving deeper into the exploration of single-cell omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Lin
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China; Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Ling Li
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China; The First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China; Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Haibing Gao
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
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Guo X, Qiu W, Li B, Qi Y, Wang S, Zhao R, Cheng B, Han X, Du H, Pan Z, Zhao S, Qiu J, Li G, Xue H. Hypoxia-Induced Neuronal Activity in Glioma Patients Polarizes Microglia by Potentiating RNA m6A Demethylation. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1160-1174. [PMID: 37855702 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuronal activity in the brain has been reported to promote the malignant progression of glioma cells via nonsynaptic paracrine and electrical synaptic integration mechanisms. However, the interaction between neuronal activity and the immune microenvironment in glioblastoma (GBM) remains largely unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN By applying chemogenetic techniques, we enhanced and inhibited neuronal activity in vitro and in a mouse model to study how neuronal activity regulates microglial polarization and affects GBM progression. RESULTS We demonstrate that hypoxia drove glioma stem cells (GSC) to produce higher levels of glutamate, which activated local neurons. Neuronal activity promoted GBM progression by facilitating microglial M2 polarization through enriching miR-200c-3p in neuron-derived exosomes, which decreased the expression of the m6A writer zinc finger CCCH-type containing 13 (ZC3H13) in microglia, impairing methylation of dual specificity phosphatase 9 (DUSP9) mRNA. Downregulation of DUSP9 promoted ERK pathway activation, which subsequently induced microglial M2 polarization. In the mouse model, cortical neuronal activation promoted microglial M2 polarization whereas cortical neuronal inhibition decreased microglial M2 polarization in GBM xenografts. miR-200c-3p knockdown in cortical neurons impaired microglial M2 polarization and GBM xenograft growth, even when cortical neurons were activated. Treatment with the anti-seizure medication levetiracetam impaired neuronal activation and subsequently reduced neuron-mediated microglial M2 polarization. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that hypoxic GSC-induced neuron activation promotes GBM progression by polarizing microglia via the exosomal miR-200c-3p/ZC3H13/DUSP9/p-ERK pathway. Levetiracetam, an antiepileptic drug, blocks the abnormal activation of neurons in GBM and impairs activity-dependent GBM progression. See related commentary by Cui et al., p. 1073.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Boyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Du
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Ziwen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawei Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Chen HP, Han X, Sun HP, Xie T, Fan XL. Genomic nursing science revealed the prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 2 as a significant biomarker involved in osteosarcoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27191. [PMID: 38468936 PMCID: PMC10926143 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds This study aims to explore the clinical value of P4HA2 (prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 2) in Osteosarcoma (OSC), and assess its potential to provide directions and clues for the practice of precision nursing. Methods The GSE73166 and GSE16088 datasets were used to explore the P4HA2 expression in OSC. We then used the clinical data of patients obtaining from TARGET database to assess the prognostic value of P4HA2 in OSC. We also evaluated the predictive value of prognostic model based on P4HA2-related genes. Further, GSEA analysis was performed to explore related pathways. Results The P4HA2 mRNA expression was higher in OSC than that in normal tissues and other bone cancer samples. Survival analysis found that P4HA2 high expression caused poor overall survival (OS) of patients with OSC and P4HA2 presented a favorable performance for predicting OS. Specifically, P4HA2 high expression statistically influenced the OS of patients with age≥15 years old and those with or without metastasis. Cox regression analysis indicated the independent prognostic value of P4HA2 in OSC, and nomogram analysis revealed its significant contribution to the survival probability of patients. We further established a prognostic model based on P4HA2-related genes, finding that prognostic model had a good prediction ability on OS. These results supported the clinical significance of P4HA2 in OSC. GSEA analysis suggested that P4HA2 was significantly related to the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, P4HA2-associated natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity and T cell receptor signaling pathway were also predicted. Conclusions This study revealed that P4HA2 can serve as an important prognostic biomarker for OSC patients, and it may become a promising therapeutic target in OSC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ping Chen
- Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Ping Sun
- Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Liang Fan
- Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital , School Of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
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Pham C, Guo S, Han X, Coleman L, Sze CW, Wang H, Liu J, Li C. A pleiotropic role of sialidase in the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0034423. [PMID: 38376159 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00344-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the keystone pathogens of periodontitis, the oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis produces an array of virulence factors, including a recently identified sialidase (PG0352). Our previous report involving loss-of-function studies indicated that PG0352 plays an important role in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis. However, this report had not been corroborated by gain-of-function studies or substantiated in different P. gingivalis strains. To fill these gaps, herein we first confirm the role of PG0352 in cell surface structures (e.g., capsule) and serum resistance using P. gingivalis W83 strain through genetic complementation and then recapitulate these studies using P. gingivalis ATCC33277 strain. We further investigate the role of PG0352 and its counterpart (PGN1608) in ATCC33277 in cell growth, biofilm formation, neutrophil killing, cell invasion, and P. gingivalis-induced inflammation. Our results indicate that PG0352 and PGN1608 are implicated in P. gingivalis cell surface structures, hydrophobicity, biofilm formation, resistance to complement and neutrophil killing, and host immune responses. Possible molecular mechanisms involved are also discussed. In summary, this report underscores the importance of sialidases in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis and opens an avenue to elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Pham
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Laurynn Coleman
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ching Wooen Sze
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chunhao Li
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Cheng P, Jia X, Chai S, Li G, Xin M, Guan J, Han X, Han W, Zeng S, Zheng Y, Xu J, Bu XH. Boosted Second Harmonic Generation of a Chiral Hybrid Lead Halide Resonant to Charge Transfer Exciton from Metal Halide Octahedra to Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202400644. [PMID: 38470139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Chiral hybrid organic-inorganic metal halides (HOMHs) offer an ideal platform for the advancement of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials owing to their inherent noncentrosymmetric structures. The enhancement of optical nonlinearity of chiral HOMHs could be achieved by matching the free exciton and/or self-trapped exciton energy levels with desired NLO frequencies. However, the current scarcity of resonance modes and low resonance ratio hamper the further improvements of NLO performance. Herein, we propose a new resonant channel of charge transfer (CT) excited states from metal halide polyhedra to organic ligand to boost the second-order optical nonlinearity of chiral HOMHs. The model lead halide (C7H10N)PbBr3 (C7H10N=1-ethylpyridinium) exhibits a drastically enhanced second harmonic generation in resonance to the deep CT exciton energy, with intensity of up to 111.0 times that of KDP and 10.9 times that of urea. The effective NLO coefficient has been determined to be as high as ~40.2 pm V-1, balanced with a large polarization ratio and high laser damage threshold. This work highlights the contribution of organic ligands in the construction of a resonant channel for enhancing second-order NLO coefficients of metal halides, and thus provides guidelines for designing new chiral HOMHs materials for advanced nonlinear photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puxin Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Siqian Chai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Geng Li
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Rare Earth Group Research Institute, Huangjin Avenue 36, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Zeng
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Siwangting Road 180, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yongshen Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Zhang Z, Kong Y, Gao J, Han X, Lian Z, Liu J, Wang WJ, Yang X. Engineering strong man-made cellulosic fibers: a review of the wet spinning process based on cellulose nanofibrils. Nanoscale 2024. [PMID: 38465763 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
With the goal of sustainable development, manufacturing continuous high-performance fibers based on sustainable resources is an emerging research direction. However, compared to traditional synthetic fibers, plant fibers have limited length/diameter and uncontrollable natural defects, while regenerated cellulose fibers such as viscose and Lyocell suffer from inferior mechanical properties. Wet-spun fibers based on nanocelluloses especially cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) offer superior mechanical performance since CNFs are the fundamental high-performance building blocks of plant cell walls. This review aims to summarize the progress of making CNF wet-spun fibers, emphasizing on the whole wet spinning process including spinning suspension preparation, spinning, coagulation, washing, drying and post-stretching steps. By establishing the relationships between the nano-scale assembling structure and the macroscopic changes in the CNF dope from gels to dried fibers, effective methods and strategies to improve the mechanical properties of the final fibers are analyzed and proposed. Based on this, the opportunities and challenges for potential industrial-scale production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Kong
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
| | - Zechun Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, 324000, P.R. China
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He XY, Gao Y, Ng D, Michalopoulou E, George S, Adrover JM, Sun L, Albrengues J, Daßler-Plenker J, Han X, Wan L, Wu XS, Shui LS, Huang YH, Liu B, Su C, Spector DL, Vakoc CR, Van Aelst L, Egeblad M. Chronic stress increases metastasis via neutrophil-mediated changes to the microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:474-486.e12. [PMID: 38402610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with increased risk of metastasis and poor survival in cancer patients, yet the reasons are unclear. We show that chronic stress increases lung metastasis from disseminated cancer cells 2- to 4-fold in mice. Chronic stress significantly alters the lung microenvironment, with fibronectin accumulation, reduced T cell infiltration, and increased neutrophil infiltration. Depleting neutrophils abolishes stress-induced metastasis. Chronic stress shifts normal circadian rhythm of neutrophils and causes increased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation via glucocorticoid release. In mice with neutrophil-specific glucocorticoid receptor deletion, chronic stress fails to increase NETs and metastasis. Furthermore, digesting NETs with DNase I prevents chronic stress-induced metastasis. Together, our data show that glucocorticoids released during chronic stress cause NET formation and establish a metastasis-promoting microenvironment. Therefore, NETs could be targets for preventing metastatic recurrence in cancer patients, many of whom will experience chronic stress due to their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan He
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - David Ng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | | | - Shanu George
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Jose M Adrover
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Jean Albrengues
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7284, INSERM U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | | | - Xiao Han
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ledong Wan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Xiaoli Sky Wu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Longling S Shui
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Yu-Han Huang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Bodu Liu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Digital Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David L Spector
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Christopher R Vakoc
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Linda Van Aelst
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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Wang X, Meng X, Cai G, Jin P, Bai M, Fu Y, Wang Z, Guo J, Han X. Survival outcomes of targeted and immune consolidation therapies in locally advanced unresectable lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111684. [PMID: 38364745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) presents unique challenges due to its progression and tumor heterogeneity. The effectiveness of consolidation therapies, particularly in patients with gene mutations, remains an area of active investigation. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we examined data from 3,454 patients with unresectable lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), narrowing our focus to 242 individuals with stage II/III. We gathered patient data, such as demographics, ECOG status, histology, treatment specifics, and gene expression, from patients in China. The study's primary outcome was overall survival (OS), while progression-free survival (PFS) served as the secondary outcome. RESULTS In this study, 50 % of the 242 patients underwent only radical chemoradiotherapy, with 45.87 % (111/242) exhibiting driver gene mutations, predominantly EGFR (58.57 %), followed by KRAS and ALK. Patients with mutations who received either targeted or immune consolidation therapy demonstrated a significantly longer median PFS (42.97 months vs. 24.87 months, p = 0.014) and improved OS (not reached vs. 24.37 months, p = 0.006), compared to those without consolidation therapy. Targeted therapy in mutant patients resulted in an extended median PFS (42.87 months) compared to immune therapy (27.03 months, p = 0.029), with no significant difference in OS. Median PFS and OS were similar between mutant and wild-type patients receiving immune therapy (p = 0.380 and p = 0.928, respectively). CONCLUSION This study underscores the efficacy of targeted consolidation therapy in enhancing PFS in LUAD patients with genetic mutations. It also shows that immune consolidation therapy provides similar survival benefits to mutant and wild-type patients. Future research should focus on optimizing these therapies for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoxin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menglin Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Aaij R, Abdelmotteleb ASW, Abellan Beteta C, Abudinén F, Ackernley T, Adeva B, Adinolfi M, Adlarson P, Agapopoulou C, Aidala CA, Ajaltouni Z, Akar S, Akiba K, Albicocco P, Albrecht J, Alessio F, Alexander M, Alfonso Albero A, Aliouche Z, Alvarez Cartelle P, Amalric R, Amato S, Amey JL, Amhis Y, An L, Anderlini L, Andersson M, Andreianov A, Andreola P, Andreotti M, Andreou D, Anelli AA, Ao D, Archilli F, Argenton M, Arguedas Cuendis S, Artamonov A, Artuso M, Aslanides E, Atzeni M, Audurier B, Bacher D, Bachiller Perea I, Bachmann S, Bachmayer M, Back JJ, Bailly-Reyre A, Baladron Rodriguez P, Balagura V, Baldini W, Baptista de Souza Leite J, Barbetti M, Barbosa IR, Barlow RJ, Barsuk S, Barter W, Bartolini M, Baryshnikov F, Basels JM, Bassi G, Batsukh B, Battig A, Bay A, Beck A, Becker M, Bedeschi F, Bediaga IB, Beiter A, Belin S, Bellee V, Belous K, Belov I, Belyaev I, Benane G, Bencivenni G, Ben-Haim E, Berezhnoy A, Bernet R, Bernet Andres S, Bernstein HC, Bertella C, Bertolin A, Betancourt C, Betti F, Bex J, Bezshyiko I, Bhom J, Bieker MS, Biesuz NV, Billoir P, Biolchini A, Birch M, Bishop FCR, Bitadze A, Bizzeti A, Blago MP, Blake T, Blanc F, Blank JE, Blusk S, Bobulska D, Bocharnikov V, Boelhauve JA, Boente Garcia O, Boettcher T, Bohare A, Boldyrev A, Bolognani CS, Bolzonella R, Bondar N, Borgato F, Borghi S, Borsato M, Borsuk JT, Bouchiba SA, Bowcock TJV, Boyer A, Bozzi C, Bradley MJ, Braun S, Brea Rodriguez A, Breer N, Brodzicka J, Brossa Gonzalo A, Brown J, Brundu D, Buonaura A, Buonincontri L, Burke AT, Burr C, Bursche A, Butkevich A, Butter JS, Buytaert J, Byczynski W, Cadeddu S, Cai H, Calabrese R, Calefice L, Cali S, Calvi M, Calvo Gomez M, Cambon Bouzas J, Campana P, Campora Perez DH, Campoverde Quezada AF, Capelli S, Capriotti L, Caravaca-Mora R, Carbone A, Carcedo Salgado L, Cardinale R, Cardini A, Carniti P, Carus L, Casais Vidal A, Caspary R, Casse G, Castro Godinez J, Cattaneo M, Cavallero G, Cavallini V, Celani S, Cerasoli J, Cervenkov D, Cesare S, Chadwick AJ, Chahrour I, Charles M, Charpentier P, Chavez Barajas CA, Chefdeville M, Chen C, Chen S, Chernov A, Chernyshenko S, Chobanova V, Cholak S, Chrzaszcz M, Chubykin A, Chulikov V, Ciambrone P, Cicala MF, Cid Vidal X, Ciezarek G, Cifra P, Clarke PEL, Clemencic M, Cliff HV, Closier J, Cobbledick JL, Cocha Toapaxi C, Coco V, Cogan J, Cogneras E, Cojocariu L, Collins P, Colombo T, Comerma-Montells A, Congedo L, Contu A, Cooke N, Corredoira I, Correia A, Corti G, Cottee Meldrum JJ, Couturier B, Craik DC, Cruz Torres M, Currie R, Da Silva CL, Dadabaev S, Dai L, Dai X, Dall'Occo E, Dalseno J, D'Ambrosio C, Daniel J, Danilina A, d'Argent P, Davidson A, Davies JE, Davis A, De Aguiar Francisco O, De Angelis C, de Boer J, De Bruyn K, De Capua S, De Cian M, De Freitas Carneiro Da Graca U, De Lucia E, De Miranda JM, De Paula L, De Serio M, De Simone D, De Simone P, De Vellis F, de Vries JA, Debernardis F, Decamp D, Dedu V, Del Buono L, Delaney B, Dembinski HP, Deng J, Denysenko V, Deschamps O, Dettori F, Dey B, Di Nezza P, Diachkov I, Didenko S, Ding S, Dobishuk V, Docheva AD, Dolmatov A, Dong C, Donohoe AM, Dordei F, Dos Reis AC, Douglas L, Downes AG, Duan W, Duda P, Dudek MW, Dufour L, Duk V, Durante P, Duras MM, Durham JM, Dziurda A, Dzyuba A, Easo S, Eckstein E, Egede U, Egorychev A, Egorychev V, Eirea Orro C, Eisenhardt S, Ejopu E, Ek-In S, Eklund L, Elashri M, Ellbracht J, Ely S, Ene A, Epple E, Escher S, Eschle J, Esen S, Evans T, Fabiano F, Falcao LN, Fan Y, Fang B, Fantini L, Faria M, Farmer K, Fazzini D, Felkowski L, Feng M, Feo M, Fernandez Gomez M, Fernez AD, Ferrari F, Ferreira Rodrigues F, Ferreres Sole S, Ferrillo M, Ferro-Luzzi M, Filippov S, Fini RA, Fiorini M, Firlej M, Fischer KM, Fitzgerald DS, Fitzpatrick C, Fiutowski T, Fleuret F, Fontana M, Fontanelli F, Foreman LF, Forty R, Foulds-Holt D, Franco Sevilla M, Frank M, Franzoso E, Frau G, Frei C, Friday DA, Frontini L, Fu J, Fuehring Q, Fujii Y, Fulghesu T, Gabriel E, Galati G, Galati MD, Gallas Torreira A, Galli D, Gambetta S, Gandelman M, Gandini P, Gao H, Gao R, Gao Y, Gao Y, Gao Y, Garau M, Garcia Martin LM, Garcia Moreno P, García Pardiñas J, Garcia Plana B, Garg KG, Garrido L, Gaspar C, Geertsema RE, Gerken LL, Gersabeck E, Gersabeck M, Gershon T, Ghorbanimoghaddam Z, Giambastiani L, Giasemis FI, Gibson V, Giemza HK, Gilman AL, Giovannetti M, Gioventù A, Gironella Gironell P, Giugliano C, Giza MA, Gkougkousis EL, Glaser FC, Gligorov VV, Göbel C, Golobardes E, Golubkov D, Golutvin A, Gomes A, Gomez Fernandez S, Goncalves Abrantes F, Goncerz M, Gong G, Gooding JA, Gorelov IV, Gotti C, Grabowski JP, Granado Cardoso LA, Graugés E, Graverini E, Grazette L, Graziani G, Grecu AT, Greeven LM, Grieser NA, Grillo L, Gromov S, Gu C, Guarise M, Guittiere M, Guliaeva V, Günther PA, Guseinov AK, Gushchin E, Guz Y, Gys T, Hadavizadeh T, Hadjivasiliou C, Haefeli G, Haen C, Haimberger J, Hajheidari M, Halewood-Leagas T, Halvorsen MM, Hamilton PM, Hammerich J, Han Q, Han X, Hansmann-Menzemer S, Hao L, Harnew N, Harrison T, Hartmann M, Hasse C, He J, Heijhoff K, Hemmer F, Henderson C, Henderson RDL, Hennequin AM, Hennessy K, Henry L, Herd J, Heuel J, Hicheur A, Hill D, Hollitt SE, Horswill J, Hou R, Hou Y, Howarth N, Hu J, Hu J, Hu W, Hu X, Huang W, Hulsbergen W, Hunter RJ, Hushchyn M, Hutchcroft D, Idzik M, Ilin D, Ilten P, Inglessi A, Iniukhin A, Ishteev A, Ivshin K, Jacobsson R, Jage H, Jaimes Elles SJ, Jakobsen S, Jans E, Jashal BK, Jawahery A, Jevtic V, Jiang E, Jiang X, Jiang Y, Jiang YJ, John M, Johnson D, Jones CR, Jones TP, Joshi S, Jost B, Jurik N, Juszczak I, Kaminaris D, Kandybei S, Kang Y, Karacson M, Karpenkov D, Karpov M, Kauniskangas AM, Kautz JW, Keizer F, Keller DM, Kenzie M, Ketel T, Khanji B, Kharisova A, Kholodenko S, Khreich G, Kirn T, Kirsebom VS, Kitouni O, Klaver S, Kleijne N, Klimaszewski K, Kmiec MR, Koliiev S, Kolk L, Konoplyannikov A, Kopciewicz P, Koppenburg P, Korolev M, Kostiuk I, Kot O, Kotriakhova S, Kozachuk A, Kravchenko P, Kravchuk L, Kreps M, Kretzschmar S, Krokovny P, Krupa W, Krzemien W, Kubat J, Kubis S, Kucewicz W, Kucharczyk M, Kudryavtsev V, Kulikova E, Kupsc A, Kutsenko BK, Lacarrere D, Lai A, Lampis A, Lancierini D, Landesa Gomez C, Lane JJ, Lane R, Langenbruch C, Langer J, Lantwin O, Latham T, Lazzari F, Lazzeroni C, Le Gac R, Lee SH, Lefèvre R, Leflat A, Legotin S, Lehuraux M, Leroy O, Lesiak T, Leverington B, Li A, Li H, Li K, Li L, Li P, Li PR, Li S, Li T, Li T, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Lian Z, Liang X, Lin C, Lin T, Lindner R, Lisovskyi V, Litvinov R, Liu G, Liu H, Liu K, Liu Q, Liu S, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu YL, Lobo Salvia A, Loi A, Lomba Castro J, Long T, Lopes JH, Lopez Huertas A, López Soliño S, Lovell GH, Lucarelli C, Lucchesi D, Luchuk S, Lucio Martinez M, Lukashenko V, Luo Y, Lupato A, Luppi E, Lynch K, Lyu XR, Ma GM, Ma R, Maccolini S, Machefert F, Maciuc F, Mackay I, Madhan Mohan LR, Madurai MM, Maevskiy A, Magdalinski D, Maisuzenko D, Majewski MW, Malczewski JJ, Malde S, Malecki B, Malentacca L, Malinin A, Maltsev T, Manca G, Mancinelli G, Mancuso C, Manera Escalero R, Manuzzi D, Marangotto D, Marchand JF, Marchevski R, Marconi U, Mariani S, Marin Benito C, Marks J, Marshall AM, Marshall PJ, Martelli G, Martellotti G, Martinazzoli L, Martinelli M, Martinez Santos D, Martinez Vidal F, Massafferri A, Materok M, Matev R, Mathad A, Matiunin V, Matteuzzi C, Mattioli KR, Mauri A, Maurice E, Mauricio J, Mayencourt P, Mazurek M, McCann M, Mcconnell L, McGrath TH, McHugh NT, McNab A, McNulty R, Meadows B, Meier G, Melnychuk D, Merk M, Merli A, Meyer Garcia L, Miao D, Miao H, Mikhasenko M, Milanes DA, Minotti A, Minucci E, Miralles T, Mitchell SE, Mitreska B, Mitzel DS, Modak A, Mödden A, Mohammed RA, Moise RD, Mokhnenko S, Mombächer T, Monk M, Monroy IA, Monteil S, Morcillo Gomez A, Morello G, Morello MJ, Morgenthaler MP, Moron J, Morris AB, Morris AG, Mountain R, Mu H, Mu ZM, Muhammad E, Muheim F, Mulder M, Müller K, Mũnoz-Rojas F, Murta R, Naik P, Nakada T, Nandakumar R, Nanut T, Nasteva I, Needham M, Neri N, Neubert S, Neufeld N, Neustroev P, Newcombe R, Nicolini J, Nicotra D, Niel EM, Nikitin N, Nogga P, Nolte NS, Normand C, Novoa Fernandez J, Nowak G, Nunez C, Nur HN, Oblakowska-Mucha A, Obraztsov V, Oeser T, Okamura S, Oldeman R, Oliva F, Olocco M, Onderwater CJG, O'Neil RH, Otalora Goicochea JM, Ovsiannikova T, Owen P, Oyanguren A, Ozcelik O, Padeken KO, Pagare B, Pais PR, Pajero T, Palano A, Palutan M, Panshin G, Paolucci L, Papanestis A, Pappagallo M, Pappalardo LL, Pappenheimer C, Parkes C, Passalacqua B, Passaleva G, Passaro D, Pastore A, Patel M, Patoc J, Patrignani C, Pawley CJ, Pellegrino A, Pepe Altarelli M, Perazzini S, Pereima D, Pereiro Castro A, Perret P, Perro A, Petridis K, Petrolini A, Petrucci S, Pham H, Pica L, Piccini M, Pietrzyk B, Pietrzyk G, Pinci D, Pisani F, Pizzichemi M, Placinta V, Plo Casasus M, Polci F, Poli Lener M, Poluektov A, Polukhina N, Polyakov I, Polycarpo E, Ponce S, Popov D, Poslavskii S, Prasanth K, Prouve C, Pugatch V, Puill V, Punzi G, Qi HR, Qian W, Qin N, Qu S, Quagliani R, Rabadan Trejo RI, Rachwal B, Rademacker JH, Rama M, Ramírez García M, Ramos Pernas M, Rangel MS, Ratnikov F, Raven G, Rebollo De Miguel M, Redi F, Reich J, Reiss F, Ren Z, Resmi PK, Ribatti R, Ricart GR, Riccardi D, Ricciardi S, Richardson K, Richardson-Slipper M, Rinnert K, Robbe P, Robertson G, Rodrigues E, Rodriguez Fernandez E, Rodriguez Lopez JA, Rodriguez Rodriguez E, Rogovskiy A, Rolf DL, Rollings A, Roloff P, Romanovskiy V, Romero Lamas M, Romero Vidal A, Romolini G, Ronchetti F, Rotondo M, Roy SR, Rudolph MS, Ruf T, Ruiz Diaz M, Ruiz Fernandez RA, Ruiz Vidal J, Ryzhikov A, Ryzka J, Saborido Silva JJ, Sadek R, Sagidova N, Sahoo N, Saitta B, Salomoni M, Sanchez Gras C, Sanderswood I, Santacesaria R, Santamarina Rios C, Santimaria M, Santoro L, Santovetti E, Saputi A, Saranin D, Sarpis G, Sarpis M, Sarti A, Satriano C, Satta A, Saur M, Savrina D, Sazak H, Scantlebury Smead LG, Scarabotto A, Schael S, Scherl S, Schertz AM, Schiller M, Schindler H, Schmelling M, Schmidt B, Schmitt S, Schmitz H, Schneider O, Schopper A, Schulte N, Schulte S, Schune MH, Schwemmer R, Schwering G, Sciascia B, Sciuccati A, Sellam S, Semennikov A, Senghi Soares M, Sergi A, Serra N, Sestini L, Seuthe A, Shang Y, Shangase DM, Shapkin M, Shchemerov I, Shchutska L, Shears T, Shekhtman L, Shen Z, Sheng S, Shevchenko V, Shi B, Shields EB, Shimizu Y, Shmanin E, Shorkin R, Shupperd JD, Silva Coutinho R, Simi G, Simone S, Skidmore N, Skuza R, Skwarnicki T, Slater MW, Smallwood JC, Smith E, Smith K, Smith M, Snoch A, Soares Lavra L, Sokoloff MD, Soler FJP, Solomin A, Solovev A, Solovyev I, Song R, Song Y, Song Y, Song YS, Souza De Almeida FL, Souza De Paula B, Spadaro Norella E, Spedicato E, Speer JG, Spiridenkov E, Spradlin P, Sriskaran V, Stagni F, Stahl M, Stahl S, Stanislaus S, Stein EN, Steinkamp O, Stenyakin O, Stevens H, Strekalina D, Su Y, Suljik F, Sun J, Sun L, Sun Y, Swallow PN, Swientek K, Swystun F, Szabelski A, Szumlak T, Szymanski M, Tan Y, Taneja S, Tat MD, Terentev A, Terzuoli F, Teubert F, Thomas E, Thompson DJD, Tilquin H, Tisserand V, T'Jampens S, Tobin M, Tomassetti L, Tonani G, Tong X, Torres Machado D, Toscano L, Tou DY, Trippl C, Tuci G, Tuning N, Uecker LH, Ukleja A, Unverzagt DJ, Ursov E, Usachov A, Ustyuzhanin A, Uwer U, Vagnoni V, Valassi A, Valenti G, Valls Canudas N, Van Hecke H, van Herwijnen E, Van Hulse CB, Van Laak R, van Veghel M, Vazquez Gomez R, Vazquez Regueiro P, Vázquez Sierra C, Vecchi S, Velthuis JJ, Veltri M, Venkateswaran A, Vesterinen M, Vieira D, Vieites Diaz M, Vilasis-Cardona X, Vilella Figueras E, Villa A, Vincent P, Volle FC, Vom Bruch D, Vorobyev V, Voropaev N, Vos K, Vouters G, Vrahas C, Walsh J, Walton EJ, Wan G, Wang C, Wang G, Wang J, Wang J, Wang J, Wang J, Wang M, Wang NW, Wang R, Wang X, Wang XW, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Ward JA, Watson NK, Websdale D, Wei Y, Westhenry BDC, White DJ, Whitehead M, Wiederhold AR, Wiedner D, Wilkinson G, Wilkinson MK, Williams M, Williams MRJ, Williams R, Wilson FF, Wislicki W, Witek M, Witola L, Wong CP, Wormser G, Wotton SA, Wu H, Wu J, Wu Y, Wyllie K, Xian S, Xiang Z, Xie Y, Xu A, Xu J, Xu L, Xu L, Xu M, Xu Z, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang D, Yang S, Yang X, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yang Z, Yeroshenko V, Yeung H, Yin H, Yu CY, Yu J, Yuan X, Zaffaroni E, Zavertyaev M, Zdybal M, Zeng M, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang YZ, Zhao Y, Zharkova A, Zhelezov A, Zheng XZ, Zheng Y, Zhou T, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Zhovkovska V, Zhu LZ, Zhu X, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zhukov V, Zhuo J, Zou Q, Zuliani D, Zunica G. Fraction of χ_{c} Decays in Prompt J/ψ Production Measured in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:102302. [PMID: 38518337 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The fraction of χ_{c1} and χ_{c2} decays in the prompt J/ψ yield, F_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}=σ_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}/σ_{J/ψ}, is measured by the LHCb detector in pPb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV. The study covers the forward (1.5
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aaij
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - F Abudinén
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - T Ackernley
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Adeva
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Adinolfi
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - P Adlarson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - C Agapopoulou
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C A Aidala
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - Z Ajaltouni
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Akar
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - K Akiba
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - P Albicocco
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - J Albrecht
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Alessio
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Alexander
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Z Aliouche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P Alvarez Cartelle
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - R Amalric
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S Amato
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J L Amey
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Y Amhis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L An
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - M Andersson
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Andreianov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Andreola
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - D Andreou
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - A A Anelli
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - D Ao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Archilli
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - A Artamonov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Artuso
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - E Aslanides
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - M Atzeni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - B Audurier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - D Bacher
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Bachmann
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Bachmayer
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J J Back
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Bailly-Reyre
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P Baladron Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Balagura
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - W Baldini
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - I R Barbosa
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
| | - R J Barlow
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Barsuk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - W Barter
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Bartolini
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - F Baryshnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J M Basels
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - G Bassi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - B Batsukh
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - A Battig
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Bay
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Beck
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Becker
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - I B Bediaga
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Beiter
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - S Belin
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Bellee
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Belous
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Belov
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - I Belyaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Benane
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - G Bencivenni
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - E Ben-Haim
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Berezhnoy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Bernet
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - C Bertella
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bertolin
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C Betancourt
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Betti
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Bex
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ia Bezshyiko
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J Bhom
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M S Bieker
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - P Billoir
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Biolchini
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Birch
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F C R Bishop
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - A Bitadze
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bizzeti
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - M P Blago
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T Blake
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Blanc
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J E Blank
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Blusk
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - D Bobulska
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - V Bocharnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J A Boelhauve
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Boente Garcia
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Boettcher
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - A Bohare
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Boldyrev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C S Bolognani
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - N Bondar
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - F Borgato
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Borghi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Borsato
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - J T Borsuk
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S A Bouchiba
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T J V Bowcock
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Boyer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bozzi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M J Bradley
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Braun
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - A Brea Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - N Breer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Brodzicka
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Brossa Gonzalo
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Brown
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D Brundu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A Buonaura
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Buonincontri
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A T Burke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C Burr
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Bursche
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - A Butkevich
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J S Butter
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Buytaert
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - W Byczynski
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Cadeddu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Cai
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | | | - L Calefice
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Cali
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - M Calvi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - M Calvo Gomez
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Cambon Bouzas
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Campana
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - D H Campora Perez
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - S Capelli
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - A Carbone
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Carcedo Salgado
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - A Cardini
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - P Carniti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - L Carus
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Casais Vidal
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Caspary
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Casse
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Cattaneo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - S Celani
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Cerasoli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - D Cervenkov
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Cesare
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - A J Chadwick
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - I Chahrour
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Charles
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - Ph Charpentier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C A Chavez Barajas
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Chefdeville
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - C Chen
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - S Chen
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - A Chernov
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S Chernyshenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V Chobanova
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Cholak
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Chrzaszcz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Chubykin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - V Chulikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Ciambrone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - M F Cicala
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - X Cid Vidal
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Ciezarek
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Cifra
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P E L Clarke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Clemencic
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H V Cliff
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Closier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J L Cobbledick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C Cocha Toapaxi
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Coco
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Cogan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - E Cogneras
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L Cojocariu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - P Collins
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Colombo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - A Contu
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - N Cooke
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - I Corredoira
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Correia
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - G Corti
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J J Cottee Meldrum
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - B Couturier
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D C Craik
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Cruz Torres
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Currie
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C L Da Silva
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - S Dadabaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Dai
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - X Dai
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - E Dall'Occo
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Dalseno
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C D'Ambrosio
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Daniel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Danilina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | - A Davidson
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J E Davies
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Davis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - O De Aguiar Francisco
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - J de Boer
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K De Bruyn
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - S De Capua
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M De Cian
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - E De Lucia
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - J M De Miranda
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L De Paula
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - D De Simone
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P De Simone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - F De Vellis
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J A de Vries
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | | | - D Decamp
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - V Dedu
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - L Del Buono
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - B Delaney
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H-P Dembinski
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Deng
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - V Denysenko
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Dettori
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B Dey
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
| | - P Di Nezza
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - I Diachkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Didenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Ding
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - V Dobishuk
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A D Docheva
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Dolmatov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Dong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - A M Donohoe
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Dordei
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A C Dos Reis
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Douglas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A G Downes
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - W Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - P Duda
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - M W Dudek
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - L Dufour
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Duk
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Durante
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M M Duras
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - A Dziurda
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Dzyuba
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Easo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - E Eckstein
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - U Egede
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Egorychev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - V Egorychev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Eirea Orro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Eisenhardt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - E Ejopu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Ek-In
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Eklund
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - M Elashri
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - J Ellbracht
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Ely
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Ene
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - E Epple
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - S Escher
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Eschle
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Esen
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - F Fabiano
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L N Falcao
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Y Fan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Fang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - L Fantini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Faria
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Farmer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - D Fazzini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - L Felkowski
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - M Feng
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Feo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fernandez Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A D Fernez
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - F Ferrari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - S Ferreres Sole
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Ferrillo
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Ferro-Luzzi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Filippov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R A Fini
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Fiorini
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Firlej
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - K M Fischer
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D S Fitzgerald
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - C Fitzpatrick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Fiutowski
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - M Fontana
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L F Foreman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Forty
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Foulds-Holt
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Frank
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - G Frau
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Frei
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D A Friday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Fu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q Fuehring
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Y Fujii
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T Fulghesu
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - E Gabriel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - G Galati
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M D Galati
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Gallas Torreira
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Galli
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Gambetta
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Gandelman
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P Gandini
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - H Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Gao
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Y Gao
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Gao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Gao
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - M Garau
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - L M Garcia Martin
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - J García Pardiñas
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Garcia Plana
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - K G Garg
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Garrido
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Gaspar
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R E Geertsema
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L L Gerken
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Gersabeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Gersabeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Gershon
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ghorbanimoghaddam
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - L Giambastiani
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - F I Giasemis
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - V Gibson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - H K Giemza
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - A L Gilman
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Giovannetti
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Gioventù
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - M A Giza
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - F C Glaser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V V Gligorov
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - C Göbel
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
| | - E Golobardes
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Golubkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Golutvin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Gomes
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - M Goncerz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - G Gong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J A Gooding
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - I V Gorelov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Gotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - J P Grabowski
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | | | - E Graugés
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Graverini
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Grazette
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Graziani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - A T Grecu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - L M Greeven
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - N A Grieser
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - L Grillo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Gromov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Gu
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - M Guarise
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Guittiere
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - V Guliaeva
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P A Günther
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A-K Guseinov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - E Gushchin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Y Guz
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Gys
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Hadavizadeh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - G Haefeli
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Haen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Haimberger
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Hajheidari
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Halewood-Leagas
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M M Halvorsen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P M Hamilton
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - J Hammerich
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Q Han
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Han
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hansmann-Menzemer
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Hao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - N Harnew
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Harrison
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Hartmann
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - C Hasse
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - K Heijhoff
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - F Hemmer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Henderson
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - R D L Henderson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A M Hennequin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Hennessy
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Henry
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Herd
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Heuel
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hicheur
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Hill
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S E Hollitt
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Horswill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Hou
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Hou
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - N Howarth
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Hu
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - W Hu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Hu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - W Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W Hulsbergen
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R J Hunter
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Hushchyn
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - D Hutchcroft
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Idzik
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Ilin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Ilten
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - A Inglessi
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Iniukhin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Ishteev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Ivshin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Jacobsson
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H Jage
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S J Jaimes Elles
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - S Jakobsen
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Jans
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B K Jashal
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Jawahery
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - V Jevtic
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Jiang
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Jiang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y J Jiang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - M John
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Johnson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C R Jones
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S Joshi
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Jost
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N Jurik
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Juszczak
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Kaminaris
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Kandybei
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Y Kang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M Karacson
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Karpenkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Karpov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A M Kauniskangas
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J W Kautz
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - F Keizer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D M Keller
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - M Kenzie
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - T Ketel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B Khanji
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - A Kharisova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | - G Khreich
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - T Kirn
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - V S Kirsebom
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Kitouni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Klaver
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - K Klimaszewski
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M R Kmiec
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Koliiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - L Kolk
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Konoplyannikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Kopciewicz
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Koppenburg
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Korolev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Kostiuk
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - O Kot
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S Kotriakhova
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Kozachuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Kravchenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Kravchuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Kreps
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S Kretzschmar
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Krokovny
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - W Krupa
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - W Krzemien
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kubat
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kubis
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
| | - W Kucewicz
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Kucharczyk
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - V Kudryavtsev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - E Kulikova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Kupsc
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - B K Kutsenko
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - D Lacarrere
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Lai
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - A Lampis
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - D Lancierini
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C Landesa Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J J Lane
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Lane
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - C Langenbruch
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Langer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - O Lantwin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - C Lazzeroni
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Le Gac
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - S H Lee
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - R Lefèvre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Leflat
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - S Legotin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Lehuraux
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - O Leroy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - T Lesiak
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - B Leverington
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Li
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - H Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - K Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P Li
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P-R Li
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - S Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - T Li
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - T Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Y Li
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Li
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - Z Li
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Z Lian
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - X Liang
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - C Lin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - T Lin
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - R Lindner
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Lisovskyi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Litvinov
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - H Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - K Liu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - Q Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Liu
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Y Liu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
| | - Y L Liu
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Loi
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - J Lomba Castro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Long
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J H Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - S López Soliño
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G H Lovell
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Lucchesi
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - S Luchuk
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Lucio Martinez
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - V Lukashenko
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Y Luo
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - A Lupato
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E Luppi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Lynch
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - X-R Lyu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - G M Ma
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - R Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Maccolini
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Machefert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - F Maciuc
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - I Mackay
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L R Madhan Mohan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - M M Madurai
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Maevskiy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - D Magdalinski
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - D Maisuzenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M W Majewski
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J J Malczewski
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - S Malde
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Malecki
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L Malentacca
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Malinin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Maltsev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Manca
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G Mancinelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - C Mancuso
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - D Manuzzi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - J F Marchand
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - R Marchevski
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - U Marconi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Mariani
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Marin Benito
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Marks
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A M Marshall
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - P J Marshall
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - L Martinazzoli
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - D Martinez Santos
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Martinez Vidal
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Massafferri
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Materok
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Matev
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Mathad
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V Matiunin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - C Matteuzzi
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - K R Mattioli
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Mauri
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Maurice
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Mauricio
- ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Mayencourt
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Mazurek
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M McCann
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Mcconnell
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T H McGrath
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N T McHugh
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A McNab
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R McNulty
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Meadows
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - G Meier
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Melnychuk
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Merk
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - A Merli
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - L Meyer Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Miao
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H Miao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Mikhasenko
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - D A Milanes
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - A Minotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - E Minucci
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - T Miralles
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S E Mitchell
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - B Mitreska
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D S Mitzel
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Modak
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - A Mödden
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - R A Mohammed
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R D Moise
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Mokhnenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Mombächer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Monk
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - I A Monroy
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - S Monteil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Morcillo Gomez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Morello
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | | | - M P Morgenthaler
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Moron
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - A B Morris
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A G Morris
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - R Mountain
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - H Mu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Z M Mu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - E Muhammad
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Muheim
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Mulder
- Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - K Müller
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Mũnoz-Rojas
- Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - R Murta
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Naik
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Nakada
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Nandakumar
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - T Nanut
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - I Nasteva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Needham
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - N Neri
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - S Neubert
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - N Neufeld
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Neustroev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Newcombe
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Nicolini
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Nicotra
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - E M Niel
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Nikitin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Nogga
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - N S Nolte
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Normand
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - J Novoa Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - G Nowak
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - C Nunez
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - H N Nur
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Oblakowska-Mucha
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - V Obraztsov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - T Oeser
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Okamura
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Oldeman
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - F Oliva
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Olocco
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - C J G Onderwater
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - R H O'Neil
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - T Ovsiannikova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Owen
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Oyanguren
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - O Ozcelik
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K O Padeken
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - B Pagare
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P R Pais
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Pajero
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Palano
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Palutan
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - G Panshin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Paolucci
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Papanestis
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - C Parkes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - M Patel
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Patoc
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - C J Pawley
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - A Pellegrino
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - D Pereima
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Pereiro Castro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Perret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Perro
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Petridis
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - S Petrucci
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - H Pham
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - L Pica
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Piccini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - B Pietrzyk
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - G Pietrzyk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - D Pinci
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - F Pisani
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - V Placinta
- Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - M Plo Casasus
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Polci
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Poli Lener
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Poluektov
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - N Polukhina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Polyakov
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Polycarpo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - S Ponce
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Popov
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Poslavskii
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Prasanth
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - C Prouve
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V Pugatch
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V Puill
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - G Punzi
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - H R Qi
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - W Qian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - N Qin
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Qu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - R Quagliani
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R I Rabadan Trejo
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - B Rachwal
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J H Rademacker
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Rama
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Ramírez García
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Ramos Pernas
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M S Rangel
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Ratnikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Raven
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Rebollo De Miguel
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Redi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Reich
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - F Reiss
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ren
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - P K Resmi
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - G R Ricart
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - S Ricciardi
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - K Richardson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Richardson-Slipper
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - K Rinnert
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Robbe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - G Robertson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - E Rodrigues
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E Rodriguez Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J A Rodriguez Lopez
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
| | - E Rodriguez Rodriguez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Rogovskiy
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - D L Rolf
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Rollings
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Roloff
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Romanovskiy
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Romero Lamas
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Romero Vidal
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - F Ronchetti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Rotondo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - S R Roy
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M S Rudolph
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - T Ruf
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Ruiz Diaz
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R A Ruiz Fernandez
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Ruiz Vidal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
| | - A Ryzhikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J Ryzka
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - J J Saborido Silva
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Sadek
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Sagidova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - N Sahoo
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - B Saitta
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - M Salomoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - C Sanchez Gras
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - I Sanderswood
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - C Santamarina Rios
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Santimaria
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - L Santoro
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - A Saputi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Saranin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - G Sarpis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Sarpis
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - A Sarti
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - C Satriano
- INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - A Satta
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - M Saur
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Savrina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - H Sazak
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - A Scarabotto
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S Schael
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Scherl
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A M Schertz
- Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
| | - M Schiller
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H Schindler
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Schmelling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Schmidt
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Schmitt
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - H Schmitz
- Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
| | - O Schneider
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Schopper
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N Schulte
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Schulte
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M H Schune
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - R Schwemmer
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Schwering
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Sciascia
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Sciuccati
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Sellam
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Semennikov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - M Senghi Soares
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Sergi
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - N Serra
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Sestini
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Seuthe
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Y Shang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D M Shangase
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
| | - M Shapkin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Shchemerov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - L Shchutska
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Shears
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Shekhtman
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Z Shen
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - S Sheng
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Shevchenko
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - B Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - E B Shields
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Y Shimizu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - E Shmanin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Shorkin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | | | | | - G Simi
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - S Simone
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - N Skidmore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Skuza
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - M W Slater
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J C Smallwood
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - E Smith
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Smith
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - M Smith
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Snoch
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Soares Lavra
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - F J P Soler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Solomin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - A Solovev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - I Solovyev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - R Song
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Song
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Y Song
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y S Song
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - B Souza De Paula
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - J G Speer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Spiridenkov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - P Spradlin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - V Sriskaran
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Stagni
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Stahl
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Stahl
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Stanislaus
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - E N Stein
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O Steinkamp
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Stenyakin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - H Stevens
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Strekalina
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - Y Su
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Suljik
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Sun
- INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - L Sun
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Y Sun
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - P N Swallow
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Swientek
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - F Swystun
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Szabelski
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Szumlak
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Szymanski
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Tan
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M D Tat
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Terentev
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - F Teubert
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Thomas
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - H Tilquin
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - V Tisserand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S T'Jampens
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - M Tobin
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | | | - G Tonani
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - X Tong
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Torres Machado
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Toscano
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Y Tou
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - C Trippl
- DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Tuci
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N Tuning
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L H Uecker
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Ukleja
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
| | - D J Unverzagt
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Ursov
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Usachov
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Ustyuzhanin
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - U Uwer
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Vagnoni
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Valassi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Valenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - H Van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - C B Van Hulse
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Van Laak
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M van Veghel
- Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - P Vazquez Regueiro
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Vázquez Sierra
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Vecchi
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - J J Velthuis
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Veltri
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - A Venkateswaran
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Vesterinen
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Vieira
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - M Vieites Diaz
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - E Vilella Figueras
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Villa
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Vincent
- LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - F C Volle
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - D Vom Bruch
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
| | - V Vorobyev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - N Voropaev
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - K Vos
- Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
| | - G Vouters
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
| | - C Vrahas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Walsh
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E J Walton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Wan
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - C Wang
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Wang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Wang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - M Wang
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - N W Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Wang
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - X Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - X W Wang
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z Wang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - Z Wang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J A Ward
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - N K Watson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Websdale
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wei
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - B D C Westhenry
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - D J White
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Whitehead
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A R Wiederhold
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Wiedner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Wilkinson
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Williams
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M R J Williams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R Williams
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - F F Wilson
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - W Wislicki
- National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Witek
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - L Witola
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C P Wong
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - G Wormser
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - S A Wotton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - H Wu
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Wu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - K Wyllie
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Xian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
| | - Z Xiang
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - Y Xie
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - A Xu
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - J Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Xu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - L Xu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Xu
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Z Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Z Xu
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - D Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Yang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Yang
- INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Z Yang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Yang
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - V Yeroshenko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
| | - H Yeung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - H Yin
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - C Y Yu
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Yu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - X Yuan
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
| | - E Zaffaroni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Zavertyaev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Zdybal
- Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Zeng
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - C Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - D Zhang
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
| | - S Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Y Z Zhang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Zharkova
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - A Zhelezov
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Z Zheng
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - T Zhou
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhou
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Zhovkovska
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Z Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhu
- Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z Zhu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
| | - J Zhuo
- Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Q Zou
- Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - D Zuliani
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - G Zunica
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Zhu L, Han X, Xu L, Guan X, Gong A, Liu H, Zhang M. Nocturnal ozone enhancement in Shandong Province, China, in 2020-2022: Spatiotemporal distribution and formation mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 2024; 925:171542. [PMID: 38453067 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Nighttime ozone enhancement (NOE) can increase the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere by stimulating nitrate radical formation and subsequently facilitating the formation of secondary pollutants, thereby affecting air quality in the following days. Previous studies have demonstrated that when nocturnal ozone (O3) concentrations exceed 80 μg/m3, it leads to water loss and reduction of plant yields. In this study, the characteristics and mechanisms of NOE over Shandong Province as well as its 16 cities were analyzed based on observed hourly O3 concentrations from 2020 to 2022. The analysis results show that NOE predominantly occurred in the periods of 0:00-3:00 (41 %). The annual mean frequency of NOE events was ~64 days/year, approximately 4-7 days per month. The average concentration of nocturnal O3 peak (NOP) was ~72.6 μg/m3. Notably, high NOP was observed in the period from April to September with the maximum in June. Coastal cities experienced more NOE events. Typical NOE events characterized by high NOP concentrations in the coastal cities of QingDao, WeiHai and YanTai in June 2021 were selected for detailed analysis with a regional chemical transport model. The results showed that high levels of O3 in eastern coastal cities during NOE events primarily originate from horizontal transport over the sea, followed by vertical transport. During the daytime, O3 and its precursors are transported to the Yellow Sea by westerly winds, leading to the accumulation of O3 near the sea and coastline. Consequently, under the influence of prevailing winds, the movement of O3 pollution belts from the sea to land causes rapid increases in near-surface O3 levels. Meanwhile, vertical transport can also contribute to NOE in coastal areas. The high-level O3 in the upper atmosphere generally originates from long-distance transport and turbulent transport of O3 produced near the ground during the daytime. At night, the absence of chemicals that consume O3 in the upper air and descending air flow carries O3 to the near-surface. The impacts of other O3-depletion processes (such as dry deposition) on NOE are less pronounced than those of transport processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xian 710054, China
| | - Xu Guan
- Shandong Academy for Environmental Planning, Jinan 250101, China.
| | - Anbao Gong
- Shandong Academy for Environmental Planning, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology, Tianjin 300074, China; Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science, Tianjin 300074, China
| | - Meigen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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46
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Han X, Cheng P, Han S, Wang Z, Guan J, Han W, Shi R, Chen S, Zheng Y, Xu J, Bu XH. Multi-stimuli-responsive luminescence enabled by crown ether anchored chiral antimony halide phosphors. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3530-3538. [PMID: 38455020 PMCID: PMC10915841 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06362c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive optical materials have provided a powerful impetus for the development of intelligent optoelectronic devices. The family of organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides, distinguished by their structural diversity, presents a prospective platform for the advancement of stimuli-responsive optical materials. Here, we have employed a crown ether to anchor the A-site cation of a chiral antimony halide, enabling convenient control and modulation of its photophysical properties. The chirality-dependent asymmetric lattice distortion of inorganic skeletons assisted by a crown ether promotes the formation of self-trapped excitons (STEs), leading to a high photoluminescence quantum yield of over 85%, concomitant with the effective circularly polarized luminescence. The antimony halide enantiomers showcase highly sensitive stimuli-responsive luminescent behaviours towards excitation wavelength and temperature simultaneously, exhibiting a versatile reversible colour switching capability from blue to white and further to orange. In situ temperature-dependent luminescence spectra, time-resolved luminescence spectra and theoretical calculations reveal that the multi-stimuli-responsive luminescent behaviours stem from distinct STEs within zero-dimensional lattices. By virtue of the inherent flexibility and adaptability, these chiral antimony chlorides have promising prospects for future applications in cutting-edge fields such as multifunctional illumination technologies and intelligent sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Puxin Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Junjie Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Rongchao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Songhua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Longyan University Longyan 364012 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Yongshen Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University Tongyan Road 38 Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
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Juan CX, Mao Y, Han X, Qian HY, Chu KK. EGR1 Regulates SHANK3 Transcription at Different Stages of Brain Development. Neuroscience 2024; 540:27-37. [PMID: 38218401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The expression levels of SHANK3 are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The dynamic changes in SHANK3 expression during different stages of brain development may impact the progression of ASD. However, no studies or detailed analyses exploring the upstream mechanisms that regulate SHANK3 expression have been reported. In this study, we employed immunofluorescence to examine the expression of SHANK3 in brain organoids at various stages. Our results revealed elevated levels of SHANK3 expression in brain-like organoids at Day 60. Additionally, we utilized bioinformatics software to predict and analyze the SHANK3 gene's transcription start site. Through the dual luciferase reporter gene technique, we identified core transcription elements within the SHANK3 promoter. Site-directed mutations were used to identify specific transcription sites of SHANK3. To determine the physical binding of potential transcription factors to the SHANK3 promoter, we employed electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Our findings demonstrated that the transcription factor EGR1 regulates SHANK3 expression by binding to the transcription site of the SHANK3 promoter. Although this study did not investigate the pathological phenotypes of human brain organoids or animal model brains with EGR1 deficiency, which could potentially substantiate the findings observed for SHANK3 mutants, our findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between the transcription factor, EGR1, and SHANK3. This study contributes to the molecular understanding of ASD and offers potential foundations for precise targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xia Juan
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210004, China; Child Mental Health Research Center, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hua-Ying Qian
- Child Mental Health Research Center, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Kang-Kang Chu
- Child Mental Health Research Center, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Zuo X, Wang X, Ma T, Chen S, Cao P, Cheng H, Yang N, Han X, Gao W, Liu X, Sun Y. TNFRSF19 within the 13q12.12 Risk Locus Functions as a Lung Cancer Suppressor by Binding Wnt3a to Inhibit Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:227-239. [PMID: 38047807 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer risk loci provide special clues for uncovering pathogenesis of cancers. The TNFRSF19 gene located within the 13q12.12 lung cancer risk locus encodes TNF receptor superfamily member 19 (TNFRSF19) protein and has been proved to be a key target gene of a lung tissue-specific tumor suppressive enhancer, but its functional role in lung cancer pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here we showed that the TNFRSF19 gene could protect human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells from pulmonary carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)-induced malignant transformation. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 significantly increased NNK-induced colony formation rate on soft agar. Moreover, TNFRSF19 expression was significantly reduced in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Restoration of TNFRSF19 expression in A549 lung cancer cell line dramatically suppressed the tumor formation in xenograft mouse model. Interestingly, the TNFRSF19 protein that is an orphan membrane receptor could compete with LRP6 to bind Wnt3a, thereby inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that is required for NNK-induced malignant transformation as indicated by protein pulldown, site mutation, and fluorescence energy resonance transfer experiments. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 enhanced LRP6-Wnt3a interaction, promoting β-catenin nucleus translocation and the downstream target gene expression, and thus sensitized the cells to NNK carcinogen. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the TNFRSF19 inhibited lung cancer carcinogenesis by competing with LRP6 to combine with Wnt3a to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. IMPLICATIONS These findings revealed a novel anti-lung cancer mechanism, highlighting the special significance of TNFRSF19 gene within the 13q12.12 risk locus in lung cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Tingzheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - He Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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49
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Fang Y, Li S, Wang J, Zhang Z, Jiang W, Wang C, Jiang Y, Guo H, Han X, Tian W. Diagnostic efficacy of tract-specific diffusion tensor imaging in cervical spondylotic myelopathy with electrophysiological examination validation. Eur Spine J 2024; 33:1230-1244. [PMID: 38286908 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-08111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of tract-specific diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics in identifying the responsible segments for neurological dysfunction in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). METHODS The study encompassed nineteen participants diagnosed with CSM, including 10 males and 9 females. Additionally, a control group consisting of ten healthy caregivers (5 males and 5 females) were recruited with no symptoms and no compressions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All participants underwent a comprehensive physical examination, MRI assessment, and DTI examination conducted by a senior chief physician. Several parameters were collected from the MR images, including the aspect ratio (defined as the anteroposterior diameter / the transverse diameter of the corresponding segment's spinal cord), transverse ratio (defined as the transverse diameter of the corresponding segment's spinal cord / the transverse diameter of the spinal cord at C2/3), and T2 high signal of the spinal cord. Furthermore, quantitative DTI metrics, such as axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and fractional anisotropy (FA), were calculated using automatic region-of-interest (ROI) analysis for both whole spinal cord column and dorsal column. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the aspect ratio, transverse ratio, and DTI parameters. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. Intraoperative spinal cord electrophysiological examination was performed as the objective measure of spinal cord function during surgery. RESULTS As determined by electrophysiological examination, neurological dysfunction was found in 2 patients due to C3/4 compression, in 10 patients due to C4/5 compression, in 6 patients due to C5/6 compression, and in 1 patient due to C6/7 compression. The modified Japanese Orthopedic Association scale (mJOA) was 12.71 ± 1.55 in the CSM group, with 4.87 ± 0.72 for sensory nerve function and 5.05 ± 1.35 for motor nerve function. For the control group, none of the volunteers had neurological dysfunction. T2 high signal was found at the most stenotic segment in 13 patients of the CSM group. Considering all the cervical segments, the aspect ratio (AUC = 0.823, P = 0.001, Sensitivity = 68.42%, Specificity = 82.47%) was more capable of determining the responsible segment than transverse ratio (AUC = 0.661, P = 0.027, Sensitivity = 68.42%, Specificity = 67.01%). AD, MD, and RD were significantly higher while FA was significantly lower in the responsible segment than in the irresponsible segment (P < 0.05). The AUC of DTI-Dorsal column parameters (AD, MD, RD, FA) was larger than the corresponding parameters of the DTI (Whole spinal cord). AD of DTI-Dorsal Column possessed the greatest efficacy (AUC = 0.823, sensitivity = 84.21%, specificity = 77.32%) to determine the responsible segment, larger than AD of DTI-Whole spinal cord (AUC = 0.822, P = 0.001, Sensitivity = 89.47%, Specificity = 77.32%), aspect ratio (AUC = 0.823, P = 0.001, Sensitivity = 68.42%, Specificity = 82.47%) and transverse ratio (AUC = 0.661, P = 0.027, Sensitivity = 68.42%, Specificity = 67.01%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the diagnostic efficacy of DTI and MRI parameters was influenced by cervical spine segment. CONCLUSIONS When considering all cervical segments, AD from the DTI-Dorsal Column exhibited the most significant potential in identifying responsible segments. This potential was found to be superior to that of DTI-Whole spinal cord, aspect ratio, the most stenotic segment, T2 high signals, transverse ratio, motor nerve dysfunction, and sensory nerve dysfunction. The diagnostic effectiveness of both DTI and MRI parameters was notably influenced by the specific cervical spine segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Fang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Spine Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinchao Wang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Spine Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurological Electrophysiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Radiology Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuancheng Jiang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Spine Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Tian
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Spine Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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50
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Xin GJ, Liu ZX, Chen YY, Zhang HY, Guo F, Peng H, Li L, Han X, Liu JX, Fu JH. [Tetrahydropalmatine inhibiting mitophagy through ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway to alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cells]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1286-1294. [PMID: 38621976 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231114.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the specific mechanism by which tetrahydropalmatine(THP) inhibited mitophagy through the UNC-51-like kinase 1(ULK1)/FUN14 domain containing 1(FUNDC1) pathway to reduce hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R) injury in H9c2 cells. This study used H9c2 cells as the research object to construct a cardiomyocyte H/R injury model. First, a cell viability detection kit was used to detect cell viability, and a micro-method was used to detect lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) leakage to evaluate the protective effect of THP on H/R injury of H9c2 cells. In order to evaluate the protective effect of THP on mitochondria, the chemical fluorescence method was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species, intramitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and autophagosomes, and the luciferin method was used to detect intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate(ATP) content. Western blot was further used to detect the ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) membrane type(LC3-Ⅱ) and slurry type(LC3-Ⅰ) and activated cleaved caspase-3 expression level. In addition, ULK1 expression level and its phosphorylation degree at Ser555 site, as well as the FUNDC1 expression level and its phosphorylation degree of Ser17 site were detected to explore its specific mechanism. The results showed that THP effectively reduced mitochondrial damage in H9c2 cells after H/R. THP protected mitochondria by reducing the level of reactive oxygen species in cells and mitochondria, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby increasing cellular ATP production, enhancing cellular activity, reducing cellular LDH leakage, and finally alleviating H/R damage in H9c2 cells. Further studies have found that THP could reduce the production of autophagosomes, reduce the LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio, and lower the expression of the apoptosis-related protein, namely cleaved caspase-3, indicating that THP could reduce apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy. In-depth studies have found that THP could inhibit the activation of the ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway of mitophagy and the occurrence of mitophagy by reducing the phosphorylation degree of ULK1 at Ser555 and FUNDC1 at Ser17. The application of ULK1 agonist BL-918 reversely verified the effect of THP on reducing the phosphorylation of ULK1 and FUNDC1. In summary, THP inhibited mitophagy through the ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway to reduce H/R injury in H9c2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jie Xin
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China
| | - Zi-Xin Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hui-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Han Peng
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jian-Xun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jian-Hua Fu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100091, China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology Beijing 100091, China
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