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Xia W, Wang Y, Yue J, Fu X. Insights into Q-markers of honey-fried licorice in treating spleen deficiency based on substance and energy metabolism regulation. Phytomedicine 2024; 127:155498. [PMID: 38460491 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey-fried Licorice (HFL) is a dosage form of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome processed with honey, which has been recorded to exhibit better efficacy in tonifying the spleen compared to the raw product. In contrast, different processing methods of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome exhibit different efficacies and applications, but their current quality control index components remain consistent. PURPOSE Based on the discovery and research strategy of traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece quality marker (Q-marker), this study aimed to conduct a multidimensional integration of constituents absorbed into the body and metabolomics based on the tonifying spleen and stomach effects of HFL to effectively identify the Q-marker of HFL. METHODS In this study, a spleen deficiency rat model was established using the "exhausted swimming + poor diet" method to investigate the pharmacodynamics of tonifying the spleen and stomach by HFL. The constituents absorbed into blood was conducted using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, correlation analysis between metabolomics and constituents absorbed into blood recognized the Q-Marker of HFL. RESULTS The pharmacodynamic data demonstrated that HFL exhibited a significant regulatory effect on the disordered levels of PP, trypsin, chymase, PL, α-Glu, MTL, GAS, VIP, IL-2, IFN-γ, and IgA in the spleen deficiency model. Furthermore, HFL was found to improve the pathological changes in the spleen and intestine in the spleen deficiency model, highlighting its significant "tonifying spleen and stomach" effect. In the serum containing HFL, a total of 17 constituents were identified as being absorbed into the blood. Among these, 11 were prototypical components, while 6 were metabolites. Metabolomics data revealed that 9 differentially expressed metabolic markers were observed. Furthermore, the analysis of endogenous metabolic markers indicated that 10 components exhibited significant correlations with these biomarkers. CONCLUSION The effect of "tonifying spleen and stomach" of HFL is closely related to the regulation of the material and energy metabolism pathway. The Q-Marker of HFL is glycyrrhizic acid and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid as the main control standards and liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, isolicorice flavonol, licorice chalcone C and Formononetin were used as auxiliary standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiahui Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Li Y, Xia W, Li T, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Yue J, Wang L, Zhu X, Fu X. Research progress on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacological action, and applications of Engelhardia roxburghiana Wall: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae021. [PMID: 38507774 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Engelhardia roxburghiana Wall is a plant of the Juglandaceae family, and its leaves is the main part used as a medicine. It is used to relieve heat and pain, gasification, and dampness. The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic review about the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of this plant. KEY FINDINGS Many compounds have been isolated and identified from the plant, including flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, quinones, essential oils, and other types of chemical constituents. Extensive pharmacological activities of the extracts or compounds of E. roxburghiana Wall in vivo and in vitro were mainly confirmed, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects. SUMMARY In this paper, the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of E. roxburghiana Wall were reviewed. In the future, E. roxburghiana Wall needs further study, such as paying more attention to quality control and the utilization on agriculture. In addition, discussing the medicinal components of decoction as well as the toxicity will also contribute to the progress of clinical trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of TCM prevention and treatment of high-incidence diseases in NingXia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine with high incidence diseases in Ningxia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated to Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Jiahui Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of TCM prevention and treatment of high-incidence diseases in NingXia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine with high incidence diseases in Ningxia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of TCM prevention and treatment of high-incidence diseases in NingXia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine with high incidence diseases in Ningxia, Yinchuan 75004, China
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Berlot AA, Fu X, Shea MK, Tracy R, Budoff M, Kim RS, Naveed M, Booth SL, Kizer JR, Bortnick AE. Matrix Gla protein and the long-term incidence and progression of coronary artery and aortic calcification in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2024; 392:117505. [PMID: 38527383 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an inhibitor of calcification that requires carboxylation by vitamin K for activity. The inactive form of MGP, dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein (dp-ucMGP), has been associated with increased calcification. However, it is not known whether there is a longitudinal relationship between dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein levels and coronary and aortic calcification in large population cohorts. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) followed participants with serial cardiac computed tomography (CT) measures of vascular calcification. Dp-ucMGP was measured at baseline in a subset of participants who completed baseline and follow-up CTs approximately 10 years later and had available plasma specimens (n = 2663). Linear mixed effects models (LMMs) were used to determine the association of dp-ucMGP with the simultaneous incidence and progression of coronary artery, ascending thoracic aortic, or descending thoracic aortic calcification (CAC, ATAC, DTAC)]. RESULTS For every one standard deviation (SD, 178 pmol/L) increment in dp-ucMGP, CAC increased by 3.44 ([95% CI = 1.68, 5.21], p < 0.001) Agatston units/year (AU/year), ATAC increased by 0.63 ([95% CI = 0.27, 0.98], p = 0.001) AU/year, and DTAC increased by 8.61 ([95% CI = 4.55, 12.67], p < 0.001) AU/year. The association was stronger for DTAC in those ≥65 years and with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS We found a positive association of the inactive form of matrix Gla protein, dp-ucMGP, and long-term incidence/progression of CAC, ATAC, and DTAC. Future studies should investigate dp-ucMGP as a calcification regulator and MGP as a possible therapeutic target to slow progression of calcification in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Berlot
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - M Kyla Shea
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Russell Tracy
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Given Medical Bldg, E-126 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Division of Cardiology, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W Carson St, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Ryung S Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, Belfer Building - Room 1302, 1300 Morris Park Ave, USA
| | - Mahim Naveed
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA, 94121, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th St 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Anna E Bortnick
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatrics Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine Jack D. Weiler Hospital, 1825 Eastchester Road, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine Jack D. Weiler Hospital, 1825 Eastchester Road, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Ren H, Yuan Q, Lu J, Xi S, Liu Y, Yang G, Xie Z, Wang B, Ma L, Fu X, Liu J, Zhang Y. Tetrahydropiperine, a natural alkaloid with neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 136:102397. [PMID: 38331229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a life-threatening neurological disease with various pathological mechanisms. Tetrahydropiperine (THP) is a natural alkaloid with protective effects against multiple diseases, such as seizure, and pain. This study was to examine the impact of THP on IS and investigate its potential mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS We employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to identify the target proteins of THP for intervention in IS. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to create a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. PC-12 cells were chosen to establish an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model. Disease modeling followed by nimodipine (NIMO); 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and rapamycin (RAP) interventions. Open field test, Longa score, balance beam test, and forelimb grip test were used to measure motor and neurological functions. The degree of neurological damage recovery was assessed through behavioral analysis, and cerebral infarction volume was determined using TTC staining. Morphological changes were examined through HE and Nissl staining, and ultrastructural changes in neurons were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The protein expression of autophagy and related pathways was analyzed through Western blot (WB). The appropriate hypoxia time and drug concentration were determined using CCK-8 assay, which also measured cell survival rate. RESULTS The network pharmacology findings indicated that the impact of THP on IS was enhanced in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. THP demonstrated robust docking capability with proteins associated with the autophagy and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, as indicated by the molecular docking outcomes. THP significantly improved behavioral damage, reduced the area of cerebral infarction, ameliorated histopathological damage from ischemia, increase neuronal survival, and alleviated ultrastructural damage in neurons (P < 0.05). THP enhanced the survival of PC-12 cells induced by OGD and ameliorated the morphological harm to the cells (P < 0.05). THP was found to elevate the quantities of P62, LC3-Ⅰ, PI3K, P-AKt/Akt, and P-mTOR/mTOR proteins while reducing the levels of Atg7 and Beclin1 proteins. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed no autophagosomes in the THP, 3-MA, and 3-MA + THP groups. CONCLUSION The activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by THP inhibits autophagy and provides relief from neurological damage in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Minority of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiayuan Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Siyu Xi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Guangyu Yang
- Wuhan Railway Vocational College Of Technology, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Zhixi Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Minority of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Minority of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Wang Y, Wang S, Mabrouk I, Zhou Y, Fu X, Song Y, Ma J, Hu X, Yang Z, Liu F, Hou J, Yu J, Sun Y. In ovo injection of AZD6244 suppresses feather follicle development by the inhibition of ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in goose embryos ( Anser cygnoides). Br Poult Sci 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38393940 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2309550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
1. Feathers are an important product from poultry, and the state of feather growth and development plays an important role in their economic value.2. In total, 120 eggs were selected for immunoblotting and immunolocalisation experiments of ERK and β-catenin proteins in different developmental stages of goose embryos. The ERK protein was highly expressed in the early stage of goose embryo development, while β-catenin protein was highly expressed in the middle stage of embryo development.3. The 120 eggs were divided into four treatment groups, including an uninjected group (BLANK), a group injected with 100 µl of cosolvent (CK), a group injected with 100 µl of AZD6244 containing cosolvent in a dose of 5 mg/kg AZD6244 containing cosolvent (AZD5) and a group injected with 100 µl of AZD6244 containing cosolvent in a dose of 15 mg/kg AZD6244 containing cosolvent (AZD15). The eggs were injected on the ninth day of embryonic development (E9). Samples were collected at E21.5 to observe feather width, feather follicle diameter, ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathway protein expression.4. The AZD5 and AZD15 doses were within the embryonic safety range compared to the BLANK and CK groups and had no significant effect on the survival rate and weight at the inflection point, but significantly reduced the feather width and feather follicle diameter (p < 0.05). The AZD6244 treatment inhibited ERK protein phosphorylation levels and blocked the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which in turn significantly down-regulated the expression levels of FZD4, β-catenin, TCF4 and LEF1 (p < 0.05), with an inhibitory effect in the AZD15 group being more significant. The immunohistochemical results of β-catenin and p-ERK were consistent with Western blot results.5. The small molecule inhibitor AZD6244 regulated the growth and development of feather follicles in goose embryos by the ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - S Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - I Mabrouk
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - X Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - X Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Z Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - F Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Fu X, Tamozhnikov SS, Saprygin AE, Istomina NA, Klemeshova DI, Savostyanov AN. Convolutional neural networks for classifying healthy individuals practicing or not practicing meditation according to the EEG data. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:851-858. [PMID: 38213699 PMCID: PMC10777293 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of objective methods for assessing stress levels is an important task of applied neuroscience. Analysis of EEG recorded as part of a behavioral self-control program can serve as the basis for the development of test methods that allow classifying people by stress level. It is well known that participation in meditation practices leads to the development of skills of voluntary self-control over the individual's mental state due to an increased concentration of attention to themselves. As a consequence of meditation practices, participants can reduce overall anxiety and stress levels. The aim of our study was to develop, train and test a convolutional neural network capable of classifying individuals into groups of practitioners and non-practitioners of meditation by analysis of eventrelated brain potentials recorded during stop-signal paradigm. Four non-deep convolutional network architectures were developed, trained and tested on samples of 100 people (51 meditators and 49 non-meditators). Subsequently, all structures were additionally tested on an independent sample of 25 people. It was found that a structure using a one-dimensional convolutional layer combining the layer and a two-layer fully connected network showed the best performance in simulation tests. However, this model was often subject to overfitting due to the limitation of the display size of the data set. The phenomenon of overfitting was mitigated by changing the structure and scale of the model, initialization network parameters, regularization, random deactivation (dropout) and hyperparameters of cross-validation screening. The resulting model showed 82 % accuracy in classifying people into subgroups. The use of such models can be expected to be effective in assessing stress levels and inclination to anxiety and depression disorders in other groups of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fu
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - S S Tamozhnikov
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A E Saprygin
- Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N A Istomina
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D I Klemeshova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A N Savostyanov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Yue J, Xia W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang L, Li C, Li T, Fu X. Isolation, phytochemistry, characterization, biological activity, and application of Morinda officinalis How oligosaccharide: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:rgad096. [PMID: 37991722 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Morinda officinalis How oligosaccharide (MOO) stands as one of the principal active constituents of M. officinalis How, widely employed in traditional Chinese medicine. The methods for MOO extraction predominantly encompass hot water extraction, ethanol extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction. Distinct extraction techniques yield varying MOO quantities. MOO encompasses a diversity of oligosaccharides, including bajijiasu, sucrose, 1-kestose, nystose, mannose, 1F-fructofuranosylnystose, 1,1,1,1-kestohexose, fructoheptasaccharide, inulin-type hexasaccharide, inulin-type heptasaccharide, inulotriose, inulotetraose, inulopentaose, and mannose. MOO exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, exerting specific effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular system, motor system, reproductive system, and immune system. It demonstrates antidepressant properties, offers potential in mitigating Alzheimer's disease, stimulates angiogenesis, and possesses anti-osteoporotic and other pharmacological effects. Clinically, when combined with various antidepressants, MOO exhibits specific therapeutic efficacy across multiple forms of depression. As a naturally occurring plant oligosaccharide, MOO holds diverse pharmaceutical applications. This article conducts a review of the latest extraction and purification methodologies, structural characterization analysis, biological activity assessment, and clinical applications of MOO. Such a comprehensive analysis yields innovative insights for advancing the research and application of MOO in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Cunbing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of TCM prevention and treatment of high-incidence diseases in NingXia, Yinchuan 75004, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine with high incidence diseases in Ningxia, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Zeng Z, Fu X, Hu Q, Liu G, Li J, Huang X. The influence of residual plural scattering after deconvolution in electron magnetic chiral dichroism. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 253:113806. [PMID: 37413857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the existence and influence of residual plural scattering in electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) spectra. A series of low-loss, conventional core-loss, and q-resolved core-loss spectra at Fe-L2,3 edges were detected from areas of different thicknesses in a plane-view sample of Fe/MgO (001) thin film. It reveals by comparison that there remains noticeable plural scattering in q-resolved spectra acquired at two particular chiral positions after deconvolution, and the residual scattering is more significant in thicker areas than thinner ones. Accordingly, the orbital-to-spin moment ratio extracted from EMCD spectra, which is the difference between the two q-resolved spectra after deconvolution, would be in principle increased with increasing sample thickness. The randomly fluctuated moment ratios displayed in our experiments are greatly attributed to a slight and irregular variation of local diffraction conditions due to the bending effect and imperfect epitaxy in detected areas. We suggest EMCD spectra should be acquired from sufficiently thin samples to minimize the plural scattering effect in originally detected spectra before any deconvolution. In addition, great care should be taken for slight misorientation and imperfect epitaxy when performing EMCD investigation on epitaxial thin films using a nano beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zeng
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - X Fu
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Q Hu
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - G Liu
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - J Li
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - X Huang
- International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys (MOE), College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Raman B, McCracken C, Cassar MP, Moss AJ, Finnigan L, Samat AHA, Ogbole G, Tunnicliffe EM, Alfaro-Almagro F, Menke R, Xie C, Gleeson F, Lukaschuk E, Lamlum H, McGlynn K, Popescu IA, Sanders ZB, Saunders LC, Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, Nikolaidou C, Rahman NM, Ho LP, Harris VC, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Pfeffer P, Manisty C, Kon OM, Beggs M, O'Regan DP, Fuld J, Weir-McCall JR, Parekh D, Steeds R, Poinasamy K, Cuthbertson DJ, Kemp GJ, Semple MG, Horsley A, Miller CA, O'Brien C, Shah AM, Chiribiri A, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJC, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Houchen-Wolloff L, Greening NJ, Bolton CE, Brown JS, Choudhury G, Diar Bakerly N, Easom N, Echevarria C, Marks M, Hurst JR, Jones MG, Wootton DG, Chalder T, Davies MJ, De Soyza A, Geddes JR, Greenhalf W, Howard LS, Jacob J, Man WDC, Openshaw PJM, Porter JC, Rowland MJ, Scott JT, Singh SJ, Thomas DC, Toshner M, Lewis KE, Heaney LG, Harrison EM, Kerr S, Docherty AB, Lone NI, Quint J, Sheikh A, Zheng B, Jenkins RG, Cox E, Francis S, Halling-Brown M, Chalmers JD, Greenwood JP, Plein S, Hughes PJC, Thompson AAR, Rowland-Jones SL, Wild JM, Kelly M, Treibel TA, Bandula S, Aul R, Miller K, Jezzard P, Smith S, Nichols TE, McCann GP, Evans RA, Wain LV, Brightling CE, Neubauer S, Baillie JK, Shaw A, Hairsine B, Kurasz C, Henson H, Armstrong L, Shenton L, Dobson H, Dell A, Lucey A, Price A, Storrie A, Pennington C, Price C, Mallison G, Willis G, Nassa H, Haworth J, Hoare M, Hawkings N, Fairbairn S, Young S, Walker S, Jarrold I, Sanderson A, David C, Chong-James K, Zongo O, James WY, Martineau A, King B, Armour C, McAulay D, Major E, McGinness J, McGarvey L, Magee N, Stone R, Drain S, Craig T, Bolger A, Haggar A, Lloyd A, Subbe C, Menzies D, Southern D, McIvor E, Roberts K, Manley R, Whitehead V, Saxon W, Bularga A, Mills NL, El-Taweel H, Dawson J, Robinson L, Saralaya D, Regan K, Storton K, Brear L, Amoils S, Bermperi A, Elmer A, Ribeiro C, Cruz I, Taylor J, Worsley J, Dempsey K, Watson L, Jose S, Marciniak S, Parkes M, McQueen A, Oliver C, Williams J, Paradowski K, Broad L, Knibbs L, Haynes M, Sabit R, Milligan L, Sampson C, Hancock A, Evenden C, Lynch C, Hancock K, Roche L, Rees M, Stroud N, Thomas-Woods T, Heller S, Robertson E, Young B, Wassall H, Babores M, Holland M, Keenan N, Shashaa S, Price C, Beranova E, Ramos H, Weston H, Deery J, Austin L, Solly R, Turney S, Cosier T, Hazelton T, Ralser M, Wilson A, Pearce L, Pugmire S, Stoker W, McCormick W, Dewar A, Arbane G, Kaltsakas G, Kerslake H, Rossdale J, Bisnauthsing K, Aguilar Jimenez LA, Martinez LM, Ostermann M, Magtoto MM, Hart N, Marino P, Betts S, Solano TS, Arias AM, Prabhu A, Reed A, Wrey Brown C, Griffin D, Bevan E, Martin J, Owen J, Alvarez Corral M, Williams N, Payne S, Storrar W, Layton A, Lawson C, Mills C, Featherstone J, Stephenson L, Burdett T, Ellis Y, Richards A, Wright C, Sykes DL, Brindle K, Drury K, Holdsworth L, Crooks MG, Atkin P, Flockton R, Thackray-Nocera S, Mohamed A, Taylor A, Perkins E, Ross G, McGuinness H, Tench H, Phipps J, Loosley R, Wolf-Roberts R, Coetzee S, Omar Z, Ross A, Card B, Carr C, King C, Wood C, Copeland D, Calvelo E, Chilvers ER, Russell E, Gordon H, Nunag JL, Schronce J, March K, Samuel K, Burden L, Evison L, McLeavey L, Orriss-Dib L, Tarusan L, Mariveles M, Roy M, Mohamed N, Simpson N, Yasmin N, Cullinan P, Daly P, Haq S, Moriera S, Fayzan T, Munawar U, Nwanguma U, Lingford-Hughes A, Altmann D, Johnston D, Mitchell J, Valabhji J, Price L, Molyneaux PL, Thwaites RS, Walsh S, Frankel A, Lightstone L, Wilkins M, Willicombe M, McAdoo S, Touyz R, Guerdette AM, Warwick K, Hewitt M, Reddy R, White S, McMahon A, Hoare A, Knighton A, Ramos A, Te A, Jolley CJ, Speranza F, Assefa-Kebede H, Peralta I, Breeze J, Shevket K, Powell N, Adeyemi O, Dulawan P, Adrego R, Byrne S, Patale S, Hayday A, Malim M, Pariante C, Sharpe C, Whitney J, Bramham K, Ismail K, Wessely S, Nicholson T, Ashworth A, Humphries A, Tan AL, Whittam B, Coupland C, Favager C, Peckham D, Wade E, Saalmink G, Clarke J, Glossop J, Murira J, Rangeley J, Woods J, Hall L, Dalton M, Window N, Beirne P, Hardy T, Coakley G, Turtle L, Berridge A, Cross A, Key AL, Rowe A, Allt AM, Mears C, Malein F, Madzamba G, Hardwick HE, Earley J, Hawkes J, Pratt J, Wyles J, Tripp KA, Hainey K, Allerton L, Lavelle-Langham L, Melling L, Wajero LO, Poll L, Noonan MJ, French N, Lewis-Burke N, Williams-Howard SA, Cooper S, Kaprowska S, Dobson SL, Marsh S, Highett V, Shaw V, Beadsworth M, Defres S, Watson E, Tiongson GF, Papineni P, Gurram S, Diwanji SN, Quaid S, Briggs A, Hastie C, Rogers N, Stensel D, Bishop L, McIvor K, Rivera-Ortega P, Al-Sheklly B, Avram C, Faluyi D, Blaikely J, Piper Hanley K, Radhakrishnan K, Buch M, Hanley NA, Odell N, Osbourne R, Stockdale S, Felton T, Gorsuch T, Hussell T, Kausar Z, Kabir T, McAllister-Williams H, Paddick S, Burn D, Ayoub A, Greenhalgh A, Sayer A, Young A, Price D, Burns G, MacGowan G, Fisher H, Tedd H, Simpson J, Jiwa K, Witham M, Hogarth P, West S, Wright S, McMahon MJ, Neill P, Dougherty A, Morrow A, Anderson D, Grieve D, Bayes H, Fallon K, Mangion K, Gilmour L, Basu N, Sykes R, Berry C, McInnes IB, Donaldson A, Sage EK, Barrett F, Welsh B, Bell M, Quigley J, Leitch K, Macliver L, Patel M, Hamil R, Deans A, Furniss J, Clohisey S, Elliott A, Solstice AR, Deas C, Tee C, Connell D, Sutherland D, George J, Mohammed S, Bunker J, Holmes K, Dipper A, Morley A, Arnold D, Adamali H, Welch H, Morrison L, Stadon L, Maskell N, Barratt S, Dunn S, Waterson S, Jayaraman B, Light T, Selby N, Hosseini A, Shaw K, Almeida P, Needham R, Thomas AK, Matthews L, Gupta A, Nikolaidis A, Dupont C, Bonnington J, Chrystal M, Greenhaff PL, Linford S, Prosper S, Jang W, Alamoudi A, Bloss A, Megson C, Nicoll D, Fraser E, Pacpaco E, Conneh F, Ogg G, McShane H, Koychev I, Chen J, Pimm J, Ainsworth M, Pavlides M, Sharpe M, Havinden-Williams M, Petousi N, Talbot N, Carter P, Kurupati P, Dong T, Peng Y, Burns A, Kanellakis N, Korszun A, Connolly B, Busby J, Peto T, Patel B, Nolan CM, Cristiano D, Walsh JA, Liyanage K, Gummadi M, Dormand N, Polgar O, George P, Barker RE, Patel S, Price L, Gibbons M, Matila D, Jarvis H, Lim L, Olaosebikan O, Ahmad S, Brill S, Mandal S, Laing C, Michael A, Reddy A, Johnson C, Baxendale H, Parfrey H, Mackie J, Newman J, Pack J, Parmar J, Paques K, Garner L, Harvey A, Summersgill C, Holgate D, Hardy E, Oxton J, Pendlebury J, McMorrow L, Mairs N, Majeed N, Dark P, Ugwuoke R, Knight S, Whittaker S, Strong-Sheldrake S, Matimba-Mupaya W, Chowienczyk P, Pattenadk D, Hurditch E, Chan F, Carborn H, Foot H, Bagshaw J, Hockridge J, Sidebottom J, Lee JH, Birchall K, Turner K, Haslam L, Holt L, Milner L, Begum M, Marshall M, Steele N, Tinker N, Ravencroft P, Butcher R, Misra S, Walker S, Coburn Z, Fairman A, Ford A, Holbourn A, Howell A, Lawrie A, Lye A, Mbuyisa A, Zawia A, Holroyd-Hind B, Thamu B, Clark C, Jarman C, Norman C, Roddis C, Foote D, Lee E, Ilyas F, Stephens G, Newell H, Turton H, Macharia I, Wilson I, Cole J, McNeill J, Meiring J, Rodger J, Watson J, Chapman K, Harrington K, Chetham L, Hesselden L, Nwafor L, Dixon M, Plowright M, Wade P, Gregory R, Lenagh R, Stimpson R, Megson S, Newman T, Cheng Y, Goodwin C, Heeley C, Sissons D, Sowter D, Gregory H, Wynter I, Hutchinson J, Kirk J, Bennett K, Slack K, Allsop L, Holloway L, Flynn M, Gill M, Greatorex M, Holmes M, Buckley P, Shelton S, Turner S, Sewell TA, Whitworth V, Lovegrove W, Tomlinson J, Warburton L, Painter S, Vickers C, Redwood D, Tilley J, Palmer S, Wainwright T, Breen G, Hotopf M, Dunleavy A, Teixeira J, Ali M, Mencias M, Msimanga N, Siddique S, Samakomva T, Tavoukjian V, Forton D, Ahmed R, Cook A, Thaivalappil F, Connor L, Rees T, McNarry M, Williams N, McCormick J, McIntosh J, Vere J, Coulding M, Kilroy S, Turner V, Butt AT, Savill H, Fraile E, Ugoji J, Landers G, Lota H, Portukhay S, Nasseri M, Daniels A, Hormis A, Ingham J, Zeidan L, Osborne L, Chablani M, Banerjee A, David A, Pakzad A, Rangelov B, Williams B, Denneny E, Willoughby J, Xu M, Mehta P, Batterham R, Bell R, Aslani S, Lilaonitkul W, Checkley A, Bang D, Basire D, Lomas D, Wall E, Plant H, Roy K, Heightman M, Lipman M, Merida Morillas M, Ahwireng N, Chambers RC, Jastrub R, Logan S, Hillman T, Botkai A, Casey A, Neal A, Newton-Cox A, Cooper B, Atkin C, McGee C, Welch C, Wilson D, Sapey E, Qureshi H, Hazeldine J, Lord JM, Nyaboko J, Short J, Stockley J, Dasgin J, Draxlbauer K, Isaacs K, Mcgee K, Yip KP, Ratcliffe L, Bates M, Ventura M, Ahmad Haider N, Gautam N, Baggott R, Holden S, Madathil S, Walder S, Yasmin S, Hiwot T, Jackson T, Soulsby T, Kamwa V, Peterkin Z, Suleiman Z, Chaudhuri N, Wheeler H, Djukanovic R, Samuel R, Sass T, Wallis T, Marshall B, Childs C, Marouzet E, Harvey M, Fletcher S, Dickens C, Beckett P, Nanda U, Daynes E, Charalambou A, Yousuf AJ, Lea A, Prickett A, Gooptu B, Hargadon B, Bourne C, Christie C, Edwardson C, Lee D, Baldry E, Stringer E, Woodhead F, Mills G, Arnold H, Aung H, Qureshi IN, Finch J, Skeemer J, Hadley K, Khunti K, Carr L, Ingram L, Aljaroof M, Bakali M, Bakau M, Baldwin M, Bourne M, Pareek M, Soares M, Tobin M, Armstrong N, Brunskill N, Goodman N, Cairns P, Haldar P, McCourt P, Dowling R, Russell R, Diver S, Edwards S, Glover S, Parker S, Siddiqui S, Ward TJC, Mcnally T, Thornton T, Yates T, Ibrahim W, Monteiro W, Thickett D, Wilkinson D, Broome M, McArdle P, Upthegrove R, Wraith D, Langenberg C, Summers C, Bullmore E, Heeney JL, Schwaeble W, Sudlow CL, Adeloye D, Newby DE, Rudan I, Shankar-Hari M, Thorpe M, Pius R, Walmsley S, McGovern A, Ballard C, Allan L, Dennis J, Cavanagh J, Petrie J, O'Donnell K, Spears M, Sattar N, MacDonald S, Guthrie E, Henderson M, Guillen Guio B, Zhao B, Lawson C, Overton C, Taylor C, Tong C, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Turner E, Pearl JE, Sargant J, Wormleighton J, Bingham M, Sharma M, Steiner M, Samani N, Novotny P, Free R, Allen RJ, Finney S, Terry S, Brugha T, Plekhanova T, McArdle A, Vinson B, Spencer LG, Reynolds W, Ashworth M, Deakin B, Chinoy H, Abel K, Harvie M, Stanel S, Rostron A, Coleman C, Baguley D, Hufton E, Khan F, Hall I, Stewart I, Fabbri L, Wright L, Kitterick P, Morriss R, Johnson S, Bates A, Antoniades C, Clark D, Bhui K, Channon KM, Motohashi K, Sigfrid L, Husain M, Webster M, Fu X, Li X, Kingham L, Klenerman P, Miiler K, Carson G, Simons G, Huneke N, Calder PC, Baldwin D, Bain S, Lasserson D, Daines L, Bright E, Stern M, Crisp P, Dharmagunawardena R, Reddington A, Wight A, Bailey L, Ashish A, Robinson E, Cooper J, Broadley A, Turnbull A, Brookes C, Sarginson C, Ionita D, Redfearn H, Elliott K, Barman L, Griffiths L, Guy Z, Gill R, Nathu R, Harris E, Moss P, Finnigan J, Saunders K, Saunders P, Kon S, Kon SS, O'Brien L, Shah K, Shah P, Richardson E, Brown V, Brown M, Brown J, Brown J, Brown A, Brown A, Brown M, Choudhury N, Jones S, Jones H, Jones L, Jones I, Jones G, Jones H, Jones D, Davies F, Davies E, Davies K, Davies G, Davies GA, Howard K, Porter J, Rowland J, Rowland A, Scott K, Singh S, Singh C, Thomas S, Thomas C, Lewis V, Lewis J, Lewis D, Harrison P, Francis C, Francis R, Hughes RA, Hughes J, Hughes AD, Thompson T, Kelly S, Smith D, Smith N, Smith A, Smith J, Smith L, Smith S, Evans T, Evans RI, Evans D, Evans R, Evans H, Evans J. Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study. Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11:1003-1019. [PMID: 37748493 PMCID: PMC7615263 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. METHODS In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025. FINDINGS Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2-6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p<0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5-5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p<0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4-10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p<0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32-4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP >5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23-11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation. INTERPRETATION After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification. FUNDING UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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Ma M, Quan H, Chen S, Fu X, Zang L, Dong L. The Anxiolytic Effect of Polysaccharides from Stellariae Radix through Monoamine Neurotransmitters, HPA Axis, and ECS/ERK/CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathway in Stress-induced Male Rats. Brain Res Bull 2023; 203:110768. [PMID: 37739234 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. is renowned for its efficacy in "clearing deficiency heat" and represents a significant traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resource. Modern pharmacology has demonstrated the anti-anxiety effects of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. polysaccharides (SDPs). SDPs are one of the active constituents of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. This study presents the first extraction of SDPs and investigates their potential molecular mechanisms and anxiolytic effects that are not previously reported. METHODS First, SDPs were obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation and analyzed for their monosaccharide composition by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Male SD rats were subjected to a two-week indeterminate empty bottle stress procedure and a three-day acute restraint stress procedure, during which diazepam (DZP) (1 mg/kg) and SDPs (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, intragastrically) were administered. A number of behavioral tests, including the elevated plus maze test (EPM), the open field test (OFT) and the light/dark box test (LDB), were used to assess the anti-anxiety potential of SDPs. Serum levels of Corticosterone (CORT) and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), as well as the levels of Dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) found in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, were quantified using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In addition, protein levels of key proteins cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), phospho-CREB (p-CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ERK½, p-ERK½, and GAPDH expression in rat hippocampus were measured by Western blot analysis, and modulation of the endocannabinoid system was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Following administration of SDPs (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) and diazepam 1 mg/kg, anxiolytic activity was exhibited through an increase in the percentage of arm opening times and arm opening time of rats in the elevated plus maze. Additionally, there was an increase in the number of times and time spent in the open field center, percentage of time spent in the open box, and shuttle times in the LDB. Furthermore, tissue levels of DA and 5-HT were increased in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of rats after treatment with SDPs. In addition, SDPs significantly decreased serum levels of CORT and ACTH in rats. SDPs also effectively regulated the phosphorylation of the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and CREB-BDNF pathway in the hippocampus. Moreover, the expression levels of CB1 and CB2 proteins were heightened due to SDPs treatment in rats. CONCLUSIONS The study verified that SDPs alleviate anxiety in the EBS and ARS. The neuroregulatory behavior is accomplished by regulating the Monoamine neurotransmitter, HPA axis, and ECB-ERK-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hongfeng Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Shujuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lingling Zang
- Hainan Health Vocational College, Haikou 813099, China
| | - Lin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Gao Y, Fu X, Hu H, Li T, Yuan L, Zhang J, Wu Y, Wang M, Ke Y, Li X, Hu F, Zhang M, Sun L, Wen H, Guan R, Gao P, Chai W, Zhao Y, Hu D. Impact of shift work on dementia: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Public Health 2023; 223:80-86. [PMID: 37625271 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although shift work has been reported as having a link to dementia, evidence remains inconsistent, and a comprehensive dose-response meta-analysis of the association is still lacking. We therefore conducted this meta-analysis to explore the association between shift work and the risk of dementia. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Fixed or random-effects models were used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Generalized least squares regression was used to estimate dose-response associations, and restricted cubic splines were used to examine possible linear or non-linear associations. RESULTS Five articles (10 studies) with 72,999 participants and 23,067 cases were eventually included in the meta-analysis. The summary RRs and 95% CIs of dementia risk with shift work and night shift work versus daytime work were 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05-1.21, I2 = 46.70%) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.03-1.24, I2 = 9.20%), respectively. The risk of dementia increased by 1% (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02, I2 = 41.3%) with each 1-year increase in the duration of shift work. We found a non-linear dose-response association between the duration of shift work and the risk of dementia (Pnon-linearity = 0.006). Though the shape of the curve was steeper with the duration of shift work <7 years, the increase was more gradual after 7 years. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that shift work may be a risk factor for future dementia and that controlling the length of shift work is a feasible measure that may contribute to prevent dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - X Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - H Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - T Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - L Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - X Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - F Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - M Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - H Wen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, 6 Gongming Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450064, People's Republic of China
| | - R Guan
- Department of Famarcy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - P Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - W Chai
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - D Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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Wang S, Wang Y, Ichraf M, Zhou Y, Song Y, Fu X, Liu T, Ma J, Zhuang F, Hu X, Hou J, Yu J, Yang Z, Liu F, Sun Y. Expression of FOXO3 in the skin follicles of goose embryos during embryonic development. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:586-593. [PMID: 37334805 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2226078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
1. The Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) transcription factor is a crucial regulator in controlling cell metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and response to oxidative stress. However, FOXO3 has not previously been studied much in the embryonic skin follicles of geese.2. This study used Zhedong white geese (Anser cygnoides), Jilin white geese (Anser cygnoides) and Hungarian white geese (Anser anser). The feather follicle structure in the dorsal skin during embryonic stages was examined with haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Pollak staining. The FOXO3 protein content in the embryonic dorsal skin from feather follicles was detected using western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR.3. The mRNA expression level of FOXO3 in the dorsal skin of Jilin white geese was highly expressed on embryonic day 23 (E23; P < 0.01), while mRNA expression of FOXO3 was highly expressed in the feather follicle of Hungarian white geese at E28 (P < 0.01). The expression of FOXO3 protein mainly concentrated in the early embryonic phase among these goose breeds (P < 0.05). This suggested that FOXO3 plays a crucial role in the development and growth of embryonic dorsal skin of feather follicles. The location of the FOXO3 protein was determined using the IHC technique, which further verified the effect of FOXO3 in the dorsal skin for feather follicles during embryogenesis.4. The study demonstrated the differential expression and localisation of the FOXO3 gene among different goose species. It was speculated that the gene could potentially improve goose feather follicle development and feather-related traits and provide a basis for further understanding of FOXO3 function in the dorsal tissue of goose embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - M Ichraf
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - X Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - T Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - F Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - X Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Z Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - F Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun, China
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Li C, Tao M, Li T, Huang X, Sui H, Fu X. Research Progress of Tamarixetin and its glycosides. Mini Rev Med Chem 2023; 23:MRMC-EPUB-134101. [PMID: 37642001 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230828123425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Tamarixetin and its glycosides are widely distributed in natural plants, and they are also natural flavonoid derivatives of quercetin. Its main pharmacological effects include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, cardiovascular effects, etc. The pharmacokinetics showed that the distribution of direct absorption differed from that of biosynthesis. At the same time, research shows that tamarixetin is safe to use because it has little self-toxicity. In this paper, 181 articles on tamarixetin published from 1976 to 2023 are obtained from PubMed, China Knowledge Base Database, Wanfang Data, and other electronic databases. Tamarixetin is searched based on keywords, and 121 articles remain. Transformation synthesis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological action, and structure-activity relationship of tamarixetin were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunbing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mengxin Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 75004, China
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Xing M, Fu QY, Lin SS, Fu X, Wang XX, Wang LC, Zhu X, Ouyang TL. [Analysis of fast-growing culturable bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in the surface water of the northeast coast of Hainan Island in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1206-1216. [PMID: 37574314 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230221-00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To obtain the diversity and abundance of fast-growing bacteria in the surface water of the northeast coast of Hainan Island in China, different cultivation methods were employed. This study also aims to provide a reference for isolating bacterial samples from seawater sources and preventing marine-derived pathogens. Methods: Based on the principles of taxonomic design, surface seawater samples were collected from six locations along the northeast coast of Hainan Island in China in March, June, October, and December 2021. Then, bacterial enrichment was performed based on traditional cultivation methods for Salmonella, Vibrio, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Actinomycetes, and general marine bacteria. After that, bacterial species identification was conducted by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. Results: A total of 1 151 fast-growing cultivable bacteria belonging to 66 genera and 213 species were identified using five different culture protocols. In different cultivation protocols, Bacillus and Klebsiella demonstrated extensive discriminatory advantages and ranked among the top genera in terms of abundance. Protocol 1 had Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Citrobacter as dominant genera. Pathogenic bacteria detected by protocol 1 included Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, with 37 and 29 strains respectively, while Salmonella enterica was uniquely detected with seven isolates. Proteus, Enterococcus, and Providencia were the dominant genera in protocol 2, and Proteus mirabilis was the most abundant pathogenic bacteria detected with 66 isolates. Vibrio cholerae was uniquely detected with six isolates at a higher abundance. Klebsiella, Escherichia, and Acinetobacter were the dominant genera in protocol 3, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most abundant pathogenic bacteria detected with 53 isolates, while Acinetobacter nosocomialis was uniquely detected with seven isolates. Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas were the dominant genera in protocol 4, and they showed advantages in isolating and cultivating Marine-derived Vibrio. Exiguobacterium, Staphylococcus, and Bacillus were the dominant genera in protocol 5. Bacillus cereus and Lactococcus lactis were the most abundant pathogenic bacteria detected with 20 and 15 isolates, respectively, while Lactococcus lactis was uniquely detected at higher abundance. Metagenomic sequencing showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae was significantly dominant with a gene abundance of 51.11%, followed by Alcanivorax sp. at 12.57%. Conclusion: The surface water of the northeast coast of Hainan Island in China exhibits a rich diversity of bacteria, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being highly abundant in the studied area. Different cultivation methods demonstrate distinct selective advantages in culturing bacterial genera and pathogens. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize cultivation conditions for specific marine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, China
| | - Q Y Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, China
| | - S S Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, China
| | - X Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wenchang People's Hospital, Wenchang 571300, China
| | - X X Wang
- Department of Clinical & Central Laboratory,Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - L C Wang
- Department of Clinical & Central Laboratory,Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - X Zhu
- Department of Clinical & Central Laboratory,Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - T L Ouyang
- Department of Clinical & Central Laboratory,Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
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Ruditser R, Fu X, Booth SL, Liu M, Shen X, Shea MK. Lack of Consensus Between Measurements of Plasma Phylloquinone by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assays and a Well-Validated High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:101959. [PMID: 37408980 PMCID: PMC10319223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.101959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-linked i2mmunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that measure circulating phylloquinone have become commercially available, but their validity is uncertain. The objective of this study was to compare plasma phylloquinone concentrations measured using two commercially available ELISAs with concentrations measured using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay in 108 samples obtained from participants in a depletion (∼10 mcg phylloquinone/d)-supplementation (∼500 mcg phylloquinone/d) study. The geometric mean of plasma phylloquinone measured with ELISA A was 0.70 nmol/L, 37% lower than that measured with HPLC. The mean of the ELISA B measures was 12.4 nmol/L, >700% higher than the HPLC measures. Plasma phylloquinone measured using HPLC was significantly lower during phylloquinone depletion than supplementation (0.4 ± 0.1 compared with 1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/L; P < 0.001). Neither of the two ELISAs detected any significant difference in plasma phylloquinone concentrations between depletion and supplementation (ELISA A, P = 0.76; ELISA B, P = 0.29). These findings reinforce the need to validate plasma phylloquinone assays as they become available. Curr Dev Nutr 2023;x:xx.
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Han X, Bi X, Zhao H, Shi Y, Wen Q, Lü J, Sun J, Fu X, Liu D. [Bioinformatics analysis and prokaryotic expression of Strongyloides stercoralis serine protease inhibitor 1]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 35:244-250. [PMID: 37455094 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the structure and antigenic epitope of the Strongyloides stercoralis serine protease inhibitor 1 (Ss-SRPN-1) protein using bioinformatics tools, and to construct prokaryotic expression plasmids for expression of recombinant Ss-SRPN-1 protein, so as to provide the basis for unraveling the function of the Ss-SRPN-1 protein. METHODS The amino acid sequence of the Ss-SRPN-1 protein was downloaded from the NCBI database, and the physicochemical properties, structure and antigenic epitopes of the Ss-SRPN-1 protein were predicted using bioinformatics tools, including ExPASy, SWISS-MODEL and Protean. Primers were designed according to the nucleotide sequences of Ss-SRPN-1, and the Ss-SRPN-1 gene was amplified, cloned and sequenced with genomic DNA extracted from the infective third-stage larvae of S. stercoralis as a template. The Ss-SRPN-1 protein sequence was cloned into the pET28a (+) expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE) cells for induction of the recombinant Ss-SRPN-1 protein expression. The recombinant Ss-SRPN-1 protein was then purified and identified using Western blotting and mass spectrometry. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis showed that the Ss-SRPN-1 protein, which was composed of 372 amino acids and had a molecular formula of C1948H3046N488O575S16, was a stable hydrophilic protein, and the subcellular localization of the protein was predicted to be extracellular. The Ss-SRPN-1 protein was predicted to contain 11 dominant B-cell antigenic epitopes and 20 T-cell antigenic epitopes. The Ss-SRPN-1 gene with a length of 1 119 bp was successfully amplified, and the recombinant plasmid pET28a (+)/Ss-SRPN-1 was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE) cells. The expressed recombinant Ss-SRPN-1 protein had a molecular weight of approximately 43 kDa, and was characterized as a Ss-SRPN-1 protein. CONCLUSIONS The recombinant Ss-SRPN-1 protein has been expressed successfully, and this recombinant protein may be a potential vaccine candidate against strongyloidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Han
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - X Bi
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Y Shi
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Q Wen
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - J Lü
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - X Fu
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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17
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Wen Q, Fu X, Liu D. [Progress of researches on Strongyloides stercoralis co-infection with other pathogens]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 35:206-212. [PMID: 37253572 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Strongyloides stercoralis is an opportunistic pathogenic parasite that can cause severe strongyloidiasis and even death among immunocompromised individuals. Previous clinical studies have reported cases co-infected with S. stercoralis and other pathogens, such as parasites, viruses, bacteria and fungi. This review summarizes strongyloidiasis patients co-infected with pathogens, and analyzes the impact of co-infection on strongyloidiasis, so as to provide insights into the reduction of the morbidity and mortality of disorders associated with S. stercoralis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wen
- School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - X Fu
- School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - D Liu
- School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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18
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Bi X, Fu X, Xue S, Han X, Zeng Y, Sun J, Liu D. [Expression of CD47 and its ligands in pregnant mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 35:51-62. [PMID: 36974015 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the dynamic expression of cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) and its ligands signaling regulatory protein α (SIRPα) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii in the second and third trimesters. METHODS C57BL/6J mice (6 to 8 weeks old) were used for modeling T. gondii infection in the first trimester, and the pregnant mice were randomly divided into the normal control and infection groups, of 10 mice in each group. Pregnant mice in the infection group were intraperitoneally injected with 150 T. gondii tachyzoites on gestational day (Gd) 6.5, while pregnant mice in the normal control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of physiological saline at the same time. The uterine and placental specimens were collected from all pregnant mice on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5, and the pregnant outcomes were recorded. The pathological damages of mouse uterine and placental specimens were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5. The relative expression of CD47, SIRPα, TSP-1, surface antigen 1 (SAG1), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA was quantified in mouse uterine and placental specimens using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, and the CD47, SIRPα, TSP-1 expression was determined in mouse uterine and placental specimens using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS As compared with those in the normal control group, the pregnant mice in the infection group showed back arching, bristling, trembling and listlessness during pregnancy, and several mice presented virginal bleeding and abortion. Pathological examinations showed inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion and necrosis in uterine and placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group, a higher abortion rate of pregnant mice was seen in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 (χ2 = 20.405, P < 0.001) and Gd18.5 (χ2 = 28.644, P < 0.001). qPCR assay showed significant differences in the expression of CD47, SIRPα, TSP-1, SAG1, INF-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-13 genes in mouse placental specimens between the normal control and infection groups on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 [F' (F) = 37.511, 29.337, 97.343, 53.755, 67.188, 21.145, 8.658 and 13.930, all P values < 0.001]. Higher CD47, SIRPα and TSP-1 gene expression was quantified in mouse placental specimens in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 (all P values < 0.01), and lower CD47, SIRPα and TSP-1 gene expression was quantified in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd18.5 (all P values < 0.001), while higher SAG1 gene expression was detected in placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 (both P values < 0.01). In addition, higher INF-γ and IL-2 expression and lower IL-4 and IL-13 expression was detected in mouse placental specimens in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 (all P values < 0.001), and there were significant differences in the CD47, SIRPα, TSP-1, SAG1, INF-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-13 gene expression in uterine specimens of pregnant mice between the normal control and infection groups on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 [H(F' and F) = 14.951, 25.977, 18.711, 48.595, 39.318, 14.248 and 15.468, all P values < 0.01], and higher CD47 and TSP-1 expression was detected in mouse uterine specimens in the infection group than in the control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 (all P values < 0.01); however, no significant difference was found in the SIRPα expression (P > 0.05). Higher SAG1 expression was detected in uterine specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 (both P values < 0.01), and higher INF-γ and IL-2 gene expression and lower IL-4 and IL-13 gene expression was found in the placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group than in the normal control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5 (all P values < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the CD47 gene expression correlated positively with IFN-γ (rs = 0.735, P < 0.05) and IL-2 (rs = 0.655, P < 0.05) and negatively with IL-4 (rs = -0.689, P < 0.05) and IL-13 expression (rs = -0.795, P < 0.05) in the placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group on Gd12.5, and the CD47 gene expression correlated negatively with IFN-γ (rs = -0.745, P < 0.05) and IL-2 expression (rs = -0.816, P < 0.05) and positively with IL-4 (rs = 0.704, P < 0.05) and IL-13 (rs = 0.802, P < 0.05) in the placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group on Gd18.5. Immunohistochemical staining showed mild CD47, SIRPα and TSP-1 expression in uterine and placental specimens of pregnant mice in the normal control group on Gd12.5 and Gd18.5, strong CD47, SIRPα and TSP-1 expression in the placental specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group on Gd12.5 and strong CD47 and TSP-1 expression in the uterine specimens of pregnant mice in the infection group on Gd12.5. CONCLUSIONS T. gondii infection in the first trimester may cause abnormal expression of CD47 and its ligands SIRPα and TSP-1 in the maternal-fetal interface of pregnant mice in the second and third trimesters, which may be associated with the immune escape of T. gondii at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Bi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Co-first authors
| | - X Fu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Co-first authors
| | - S Xue
- Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China
| | - X Han
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Y Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Bai J, Li J, Wang L, Hao S, Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Li H, Sun WQ, Shi G, Wan P, Fu X. Effect of antioxidant procyanidin b2 (pcb2) on ovine oocyte developmental potential in response to in vitro maturation (ivm) and vitrification stress. Cryo Letters 2023; 44:109-117. [PMID: 37883161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was demonstrated that external stress, such as in vitro maturation (IVM) and vitrification process can induce significantly reduced development capacity in oocytes. Previous studies indicated that antioxidants play a pivotal part in the acquisition of adaptation in changed conditions. At present, the role of the natural potent antioxidant PCB2 in response to IVM and vitrification during ovine oocyte manipulation has not been explored. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether PCB2 treatment could improve the developmental potential of ovine oocytes under IVM and vitrification stimuli. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment was divided into two parts. Firstly, the effect of PCB2 on the development of oocytes during IVM was evaluated. Un-supplemented and 5 ug per mL PCB2-supplemented in the IVM solution were considered as control and experimental groups (C + 5 ug per mL PCB2). The polar body extrusion (PBE) rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and early apoptosis of oocytes were measured after IVM. Secondly, we further determine whether PCB2 could improve oocyte quality under vitrification stress. The survival rate, PBE rate and early apoptosis of oocytes were compared between fresh group, vitrified group and 5 ug per mL PCB2-supplemented in the IVM solution after vitrification (V + 5 ug per mL PCB2). RESULTS Compared to the control group, adding PCB2 significantly increased PBE rate (79.4% vs. 62.8%, P < 0.01) and MMP level (1.9 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.04, P < 0.01), and decreased ROS level (47.1 +/- 6.3 vs. 145.3 +/- 8.9, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in ATP content and early apoptosis. Compared to the fresh group, vitrification significantly reduced oocytes viability (43.0% vs. 90.8%, P < 0.01) as well as PBE rate (24.2% vs. 60.6%, P < 0.05). However, 5 ug per mL PCB2-supplemention during maturation had no effect on survival, PBE or early apoptosis in vitrified oocytes. CONCLUSION PCB2 could effectively antagonise the oxidative stress during IVM and promote oocyte development. DOI: 10.54680/fr23210110412.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bai
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive Medical Center, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - L Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - S Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Y Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - H Li
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - W Q Sun
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - G Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - P Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China.
| | - X Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China.
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Yuan Q, Ren H, Lu J, Yang M, Xie Z, Ma B, Ma L, Fu X, Liu J, Zhang Y. Effects of dichloromethane extraction from Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L. on the expression of autophagy-related proteins in ischemic stroke. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 127:102201. [PMID: 36435434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L. are widely used in various medicinal formulations. The dichloromethane fraction of Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L. (DF) can prevent cerebral ischemic injury although the underlying mechanisms are obscure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of DF on a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and assess the molecular mechanisms. Animals were administered with DF (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) or nimodipine (12 mg/kg) 6 h after pMCAO for 14 consecutive days via intragastric gavage. In the vitro this study identified that DF reduced neurological severity scores and improved survival rate. Results showed that DF markedly inhibited the percentage of apoptotic cells as well as neuronal autophagy and mitigated the overall neuronal and vascular damage in the ischemic region. Western blot testing showed that at the molecular level, DF significantly suppressed ischemia-induced activated expression of LC3, Beclin1, Atg12, and Atg5. Overall, our study indicated that DF attenuated neuronal autophagy by suppressing the expression of autophagy-related proteins to generate neuroprotection effect for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiayuan Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mingzong Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zhixi Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Shea MK, Barger K, Dawson‐Hughes B, Leurgans SE, Fu X, James BD, Holland TM, Agarwal P, Wang J, Matuszek G, Heger NE, Schneider JA, Booth SL. Brain vitamin D forms, cognitive decline, and neuropathology in community‐dwelling older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 36479814 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D purportedly protects against cognitive decline and dementia based on observational data using circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Little is known about vitamin D in the human brain and the association with dementia or neuropathology. METHODS Decedents of the Rush Memory and Aging Project (n = 290) had vitamin D concentrations measured in four brain regions. Associations with cognitive and neuropathological outcomes were estimated using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS The main form of vitamin D in all brain regions measured was 25(OH)D3 . Higher brain 25(OH)D3 concentrations were associated with a 25% to 33% lower odds of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at the last visit before death (all P ≤ .031). However, brain 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with any post-mortem neuropathology outcome studied. DISCUSSION Higher brain 25(OH)D3 concentrations were associated with better cognitive function prior to death. Additional research is needed to clarify the specific mechanisms underlying this potentially protective relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kyla Shea
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Bess Dawson‐Hughes
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Sue E. Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Bryan D. James
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Thomas M. Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Jifan Wang
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Gregory Matuszek
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Nicholas E. Heger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Tufts Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Julie A. Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Sarah L. Booth
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
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Lin L, Chen S, Xia W, Li T, Dong L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhao Y, Fu X. A new strategy: Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Cymbopogon martinii essential oil on Aspergillus flavus. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Guo Q, Lan T, Lu Y, Hu Z, Xu H, Wang X, Shao X, Fu X. Effectiveness of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for elderly Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2022; 23:502-509. [PMID: 36408954 PMCID: PMC10171436 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.8163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is little evidence determining whether elderly patients (from 70 to 90 years old) with triple-negative breast cancer could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (AC). This study explores the effect of AC in these population following surgery. A total of 4610 patients were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010-2018). Multiple imputation by chained equations was performed to impute missing data. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to reduce the selection bias. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meiers survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were performed to compare breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) in the two treatment groups. The patients were classified into the chemotherapy (n=1989) and the observation (n=2621) groups. The percentage of patients receiving AC versus observation increased significantly from 2010 to 2018 (estimated annual percentage change, 1.49%; 95%CI, 0.75-2.16%, p=0.002). The 5-year IPTW-adjusted rates of BCSS and OS in AC group were better than that in observation group (BCSS: 82.32% vs. 78.42%, p=0.010; OS: 75.54% vs. 64.65%, p<0.001). The patients could benefit from AC based on the results of IPTW-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (BCSS: HR, 0.77, 95%CI, 0.62-0.94, p=0.012; OS: HR, 0.66, 95%CI, 0.57-0.78, p<0.001). AC was associated with a significant outcome benefit across the year at diagnosis, marital status, stage, lymph node, surgery, and radiation subgroups (all p<0.050). Patients with T1ab could not benefit from AC (p>0.050). In conclusion, we presented a BCSS and OS benefit from AC in elderly patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). AC remained a reasonable treatment approach in these specific patients. For the patients with T1ab, de-escalated treatment would be administrated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zujian Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology (Breast Cancer), Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiying Shao
- Department of Medical Oncology (Breast Cancer), Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Yang W, Shao F, Wang J, Shen T, Zhao Y, Fu X, Zhang L, Li H. Ethyl Acetate Extract from Artemisia argyi Prevents Liver Damage in ConA-Induced Immunological Liver Injury Mice via Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF- κB Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227883. [PMID: 36431983 PMCID: PMC9693258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunological liver injury (ILI) is a common liver disease and lacks potent drugs for treatment. Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant. (A. argyi), a medicinal and edible homologous plant usually used in diet therapy to cure various liver diseases, provides a great option for the prevention of ILI. PURPOSE To investigate the effect that ethyl acetate extract of A. argyi (AaEA) on Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced ILI and the mechanism of regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. METHODS The chemical components of AaEA were studied by LC-MS. In animal experiments, the positive control group was administrated diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DIG, 100 mg/kg), while different doses of AaEA groups (AaEA-H, AaEA-M, AaEA-L) were pretreated with AaEA 2.00, 1.00, and 0.50 g/kg, respectively, by intragastric for seven days, once every day. Then, ConA (12.00 mg/kg) was used through tail intravenous injection to establish the ILI model. The blood samples and livers were collected to test the degree of liver dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, histopathological changes, and cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to explain the mechanism of regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. RESULTS The way in which AaEA prevents liver damage in immunological liver injury (ILI) mice caused by ConA was investigated for the first time. Pretreatment with AaEA reduced the expression of ALT, AST, and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IFN-γ). Meanwhile, AaEA also reduced MDA levels but upregulated the contents of IL-4, SOD, and GSH-px, alleviating oxidative stress induced by ILI. Western blotting and real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that AaEA could regulate the expression level and relative mRNA expression of key proteins on Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. Finally, 504 components from AaEA were identified by LC-MS analysis, mainly including flavones, phenolic acids, and terpenoids with anti-inflammatory and liver protective activities, which highlights the potential of AaEA for diet treatment of ILI. CONCLUSION AaEA can work against ConA-induced ILI in mice by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways, which has the potential to be a great strategy for the prevention of ILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Fei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tong Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Hangying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (H.L.)
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Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhang YG, Yin YL, Yan SC, Zhao YZ, Shen WZ. Research and application of a new multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for cold stress in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9137-9161. [PMID: 36153158 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effective and comprehensive evaluation of cold stress is critical for healthy dairy cow breeding in the winter. Previous studies on dairy cow cold stress have considered thermal environmental factors but not physiological factors or air quality. Therefore, this study aimed to propose a multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method for cold stress in dairy cows based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and a genetic algorithm (GA). First, the AHP was used to construct an evaluation index system for cold stress in dairy cows from 3 dimensions: thermal environment (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and illumination), physiological factors (respiratory rate, body surface temperature), and air quality [NH3, CO2, inhalable particulate matter (PM10)]. Second, the consistency test of the judgment matrix was transformed into a nonlinear constrained optimization problem and solved using the GA. Next, based on fuzzy set theory, the comment set and membership function were established to classify the degree of cold stress into 5 levels: none, mild, moderate, high, and extreme. Then, the degree of cold stress in cows was obtained using multilevel fuzzy comprehensive judgment. To investigate the effect of illumination indicators on cold stress in dairy cows, 24 prelactation cows from the south and north sides were selected for a 117-d comprehensive cold stress evaluation. The results showed that the mean mild cold stress durations were 605.3 h (25.22 d) and 725.5 h (30.23 d) and the moderate cold stress durations were 67.2 h (2.8 d) and 96 h (4.0 d) on the south and north sides, respectively. Simultaneously, generalized linear mixed model showed that there were significant correlations between the daily cold stress duration and milk yield, feeding time, lying time, and active steps in the cows on both sides. This method can reasonably indicate cow cold stress conditions and better guide cold protection practices in actual production.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fu
- College of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y G Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y L Yin
- College of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - S C Yan
- College of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y Z Zhao
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine 92612
| | - W Z Shen
- College of Electrical and Information, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Yuan Q, He Q, Ping H, Yang J, Zhang Y, Fu X, Liu J. Piperine ameliorates ischemic stroke-induced brain injury in rats by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 295:115309. [PMID: 35597410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piperine (PIP), a main active component isolated from Piper nigrum L., exerts neuroprotective effects in a rat model of ischemic stroke (IS). However, studies on the effects of PIP on neuroprotection and autophagy after IS are limited. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to prove the protective effects of PIP against brain IS and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specific pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to establish a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. The experiment was randomly divided into six groups: sham group, model group, PIP intervention group (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg group), and nimodipine group (Nimo group, 12 mg/kg). Neurological function score, postural reflex score, body swing score, balance beam test, and grip strength test were used to detect behavioral changes of rats. The area of cerebral infarction was detected by TTC staining, and the number and morphological changes of neurons were observed by Nissl and HE staining. In addition, the ultrastructure of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons was observed using a transmission electron microscope. Western blot was used to detect the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway proteins and autophagy-related proteins, namely, Beclin1 and LC3, in the hippocampus and cortex. Cell experiments established an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) with the HT22 cell line to verify the mechanism. The experiment was divided into five groups: control group, OGD group, OGD + PIP 20 μg/mL group, OGD + PIP 30 μg/mL group, and OGD + PIP 40 μg/mL group. CCK-8 was used to measure cell activity, and Western blot was used to measure the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway proteins and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1 and LC3). RESULTS Compared with the model group, the neurological function scores, body swing scores, and postural reflex scores of rats in the 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg PIP intervention groups and Nimo groups decreased, whereas the balance beam score and grip test scores increased (all p < 0.05). After 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg PIP and Nimo intervention, the cerebral infarction area of pMCAO rats was reduced (p < 0.01), and Nissl and HE staining results showed that the number of neurons survived in the 30 mg/kg PIP and Nimo intervention groups increased. Cell morphology and structure were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Most of the hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons and their organelles gradually returned to normal in the 30 mg/kg PIP and Nimo intervention groups, with less neuronal damage. The expression levels of p-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-PI3K in the hippocampus and cortex of the 30 mg/kg PIP and Nimo intervention groups decreased, whereas the expression level of PI3K increased (all p < 0.05). In addition, the expression level of autophagy-related proteins, namely, Beclin1 and LC3-II, in the 30 mg/kg PIP and Nimo intervention groups decreased (all p < 0.05). Results of CCK-8 showed that after 1 h of OGD, the 30 and 40 μg/mL PIP intervention groups had higher cell viability than the OGD group (p < 0.01). Western blot results showed that compared with the OGD group, the expression level of p-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-PI3K in the 30 and 40 μg/mL PIP intervention groups decreased, and the expression level of PI3K increased (all p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression level of autophagy-related proteins, namely, Beclin1 and LC3-II, in the 30 and 40 μg/mL PIP intervention groups decreased (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that PIP is a potential compound with neuroprotective effects. PIP can inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy. Its inhibition of autophagy is possibly related to modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. These findings provide new insights into the use of PIP for the treatment of IS and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Miao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Qianxiong He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Honglu Ping
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Dai L, Chen KN, Y. Wu, Ma J, Guo S, Tian H, Xiao G, Liu W, He M, Chen C, Shi X, Wang Z, Liu J, Guo W, Cui Y, Dai T, Fu X, Jiao W. 1243P Influence of home nutritional therapy on body weight in patients with esophageal cancer after surgery: A prospective observational study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Guo Y, Bai J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Lu S, Liu C, Ni J, Zhou P, Fu X, Sun WQ, Wan P, Shi G. Pregnancy of cryopreserved ovine embryos at different developmental stages. Cryo Letters 2022; 43:269-275. [PMID: 36626131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental stage and cryopreservation method have significant impact on the pregnancy rate after transfer of embryos produced in vivo. OBJECTIVE To determine the pregnancy outcomes from ovine embryos cryopreserved at different developmental stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Embryos at different developmental stages were obtained from donor ewes through simultaneous estrus treatment and laparoscopic artificial insemination. Embryos, either cryopreserved via vitrification or slow freezing method, were implanted into recipient ewes. The pregnancy rate was determined 35 days after transfer. RESULTS The pregnancy rate of developing embryos increases after transfer from the morula stage, early blastocyst to expanded blastocyst stages (64.9%, 73.9% and 81.3%, respectively). However, cryopreservation significantly decreases the pregnancy rate of embryos at all three developmental stages, and there is no significant difference among developmental stages (43.9%, 43.7%, 52.9%, respectively). There is also no significant difference in the pregnancy rate between slowly-frozen embryos and vitrified embryos. CONCLUSION The pregnancy outcomes of embryo transfer is better at the expanded blastocyst stage than at earlier stages. However, no difference is observed in the pregnancy rate of embryos at different developmental stage after cryopreservation, either by slow freezing and vitrification. Cryopreservation methods for ovine embryos, both slow freezing and vitrification, need further improvement. doi.org/10.54680/fr22510110512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - J Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang; Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - S Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - C Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | | | - P Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - X Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - W Q Sun
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - P Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - G Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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Zhang C, Hou R, Fu X. EP05.03-012 Deep Learning-based Classifier to Predict Intensified Locoregional Approach Need in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Wang Y, Xia W, Tao M, Fu X. Oncopreventive and Oncotherapeutic Potential of Licorice Chalcone Compounds: Molecular Insights. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 23:662-699. [PMID: 36043713 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220827161943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Licorice is an important traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical practice and contains more than 300 flavonoids. Chalcone is one of the main types of flavonoids with a wide range of biological functions and pharmacological activities. In the anticancer research, chalcone compounds have excellent performance. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the biosynthetic pathway and pharmacokinetics of chalcone from licorice and provide evidence for the anticancer effects of chalcone and the underlying mechanisms involved. METHOD For this review, the following databases were consulted: the PubMed Database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (http://www.cnki.net), National Science and Technology Library (http://www.nstl.gov.cn/), Wanfang Data (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/), and the Web of Science Database (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/). RESULTS To date, about 56 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice, 14 of which have antitumor effects. These chalcones have a wide range of biological activities and can inhibit the viability, proliferation, and migration of cancer cells by blocking the cancer cell cycle, thus inducing apoptosis and autophagy. However, the molecular mechanism of the anticancer effects of chalcone is not fully understood. CONCLUSION In this paper, the molecular mechanism of chalcone regulating different types of cancer is reviewed in detail from the biosynthetic pathway. This comprehensive review article summarizes the biosynthetic pathway and pharmacokinetics of chalcone from the traditional Chinese medicine licorice and provides evidence for the potential anticancer effects of chalcone and the respective mechanisms of action. This paper also provides a basis for structural modification, biosynthesis, and new drug development of chalcone compounds in Glycyrrhiza uralensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mengxin Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan, 750004, China
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Evans RA, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJC, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Harris VC, Houchen-Wolloff L, Aul R, Beirne P, Bolton CE, Brown JS, Choudhury G, Diar-Bakerly N, Easom N, Echevarria C, Fuld J, Hart N, Hurst J, Jones MG, Parekh D, Pfeffer P, Rahman NM, Rowland-Jones SL, Shah AM, Wootton DG, Chalder T, Davies MJ, De Soyza A, Geddes JR, Greenhalf W, Greening NJ, Heaney LG, Heller S, Howard LS, Jacob J, Jenkins RG, Lord JM, Man WDC, McCann GP, Neubauer S, Openshaw PJM, Porter JC, Rowland MJ, Scott JT, Semple MG, Singh SJ, Thomas DC, Toshner M, Lewis KE, Thwaites RS, Briggs A, Docherty AB, Kerr S, Lone NI, Quint J, Sheikh A, Thorpe M, Zheng B, Chalmers JD, Ho LP, Horsley A, Marks M, Poinasamy K, Raman B, Harrison EM, Wain LV, Brightling CE, Abel K, Adamali H, Adeloye D, Adeyemi O, Adrego R, Aguilar Jimenez LA, Ahmad S, Ahmad Haider N, Ahmed R, Ahwireng N, Ainsworth M, Al-Sheklly B, Alamoudi A, Ali M, Aljaroof M, All AM, Allan L, Allen RJ, Allerton L, Allsop L, Almeida P, Altmann D, Alvarez Corral M, Amoils S, Anderson D, Antoniades C, Arbane G, Arias A, Armour C, Armstrong L, Armstrong N, Arnold D, Arnold H, Ashish A, Ashworth A, Ashworth M, Aslani S, Assefa-Kebede H, Atkin C, Atkin P, Aung H, Austin L, Avram C, Ayoub A, Babores M, Baggott R, Bagshaw J, Baguley D, Bailey L, Baillie JK, Bain S, Bakali M, Bakau M, Baldry E, Baldwin D, Ballard C, Banerjee A, Bang B, Barker RE, Barman L, Barratt S, Barrett F, Basire D, Basu N, Bates M, Bates A, Batterham R, Baxendale H, Bayes H, Beadsworth M, Beckett P, Beggs M, Begum M, Bell D, Bell R, Bennett K, Beranova E, Bermperi A, Berridge A, Berry C, Betts S, Bevan E, Bhui K, Bingham M, Birchall K, Bishop L, Bisnauthsing K, Blaikely J, Bloss A, Bolger A, Bonnington J, Botkai A, Bourne C, Bourne M, Bramham K, Brear L, Breen G, Breeze J, Bright E, Brill S, Brindle K, Broad L, Broadley A, Brookes C, Broome M, Brown A, Brown A, Brown J, Brown J, Brown M, Brown M, Brown V, Brugha T, Brunskill N, Buch M, Buckley P, Bularga A, Bullmore E, Burden L, Burdett T, Burn D, Burns G, Burns A, Busby J, Butcher R, Butt A, Byrne S, Cairns P, Calder PC, Calvelo E, Carborn H, Card B, Carr C, Carr L, Carson G, Carter P, Casey A, Cassar M, Cavanagh J, Chablani M, Chambers RC, Chan F, Channon KM, Chapman K, Charalambou A, Chaudhuri N, Checkley A, Chen J, Cheng Y, Chetham L, Childs C, Chilvers ER, Chinoy H, Chiribiri A, Chong-James K, Choudhury N, Chowienczyk P, Christie C, Chrystal M, Clark D, Clark C, Clarke J, Clohisey S, Coakley G, Coburn Z, Coetzee S, Cole J, Coleman C, Conneh F, Connell D, Connolly B, Connor L, Cook A, Cooper B, Cooper J, Cooper S, Copeland D, Cosier T, Coulding M, Coupland C, Cox E, Craig T, Crisp P, Cristiano D, Crooks MG, Cross A, Cruz I, Cullinan P, Cuthbertson D, Daines L, Dalton M, Daly P, Daniels A, Dark P, Dasgin J, David A, David C, Davies E, Davies F, Davies G, Davies GA, Davies K, Dawson J, Daynes E, Deakin B, Deans A, Deas C, Deery J, Defres S, Dell A, Dempsey K, Denneny E, Dennis J, Dewar A, Dharmagunawardena R, Dickens C, Dipper A, Diver S, Diwanji SN, Dixon M, Djukanovic R, Dobson H, Dobson SL, Donaldson A, Dong T, Dormand N, Dougherty A, Dowling R, Drain S, Draxlbauer K, Drury K, Dulawan P, Dunleavy A, Dunn S, Earley J, Edwards S, Edwardson C, El-Taweel H, Elliott A, Elliott K, Ellis Y, Elmer A, Evans D, Evans H, Evans J, Evans R, Evans RI, Evans T, Evenden C, Evison L, Fabbri L, Fairbairn S, Fairman A, Fallon K, Faluyi D, Favager C, Fayzan T, Featherstone J, Felton T, Finch J, Finney S, Finnigan J, Finnigan L, Fisher H, Fletcher S, Flockton R, Flynn M, Foot H, Foote D, Ford A, Forton D, Fraile E, Francis C, Francis R, Francis S, Frankel A, Fraser E, Free R, French N, Fu X, Furniss J, Garner L, Gautam N, George J, George P, Gibbons M, Gill M, Gilmour L, Gleeson F, Glossop J, Glover S, Goodman N, Goodwin C, Gooptu B, Gordon H, Gorsuch T, Greatorex M, Greenhaff PL, Greenhalgh A, Greenwood J, Gregory H, Gregory R, Grieve D, Griffin D, Griffiths L, Guerdette AM, Guillen Guio B, Gummadi M, Gupta A, Gurram S, Guthrie E, Guy Z, H Henson H, Hadley K, Haggar A, Hainey K, Hairsine B, Haldar P, Hall I, Hall L, Halling-Brown M, Hamil R, Hancock A, Hancock K, Hanley NA, Haq S, Hardwick HE, Hardy E, Hardy T, Hargadon B, Harrington K, Harris E, Harrison P, Harvey A, Harvey M, Harvie M, Haslam L, Havinden-Williams M, Hawkes J, Hawkings N, Haworth J, Hayday A, Haynes M, Hazeldine J, Hazelton T, Heeley C, Heeney JL, Heightman M, Henderson M, Hesselden L, Hewitt M, Highett V, Hillman T, Hiwot T, Hoare A, Hoare M, Hockridge J, Hogarth P, Holbourn A, Holden S, Holdsworth L, Holgate D, Holland M, Holloway L, Holmes K, Holmes M, Holroyd-Hind B, Holt L, Hormis A, Hosseini A, Hotopf M, Howard K, Howell A, Hufton E, Hughes AD, Hughes J, Hughes R, Humphries A, Huneke N, Hurditch E, Husain M, Hussell T, Hutchinson J, Ibrahim W, Ilyas F, Ingham J, Ingram L, Ionita D, Isaacs K, Ismail K, Jackson T, James WY, Jarman C, Jarrold I, Jarvis H, Jastrub R, Jayaraman B, Jezzard P, Jiwa K, Johnson C, Johnson S, Johnston D, Jolley CJ, Jones D, Jones G, Jones H, Jones H, Jones I, Jones L, Jones S, Jose S, Kabir T, Kaltsakas G, Kamwa V, Kanellakis N, Kaprowska S, Kausar Z, Keenan N, Kelly S, Kemp G, Kerslake H, Key AL, Khan F, Khunti K, Kilroy S, King B, King C, Kingham L, Kirk J, Kitterick P, Klenerman P, Knibbs L, Knight S, Knighton A, Kon O, Kon S, Kon SS, Koprowska S, Korszun A, Koychev I, Kurasz C, Kurupati P, Laing C, Lamlum H, Landers G, Langenberg C, Lasserson D, Lavelle-Langham L, Lawrie A, Lawson C, Lawson C, Layton A, Lea A, Lee D, Lee JH, Lee E, Leitch K, Lenagh R, Lewis D, Lewis J, Lewis V, Lewis-Burke N, Li X, Light T, Lightstone L, Lilaonitkul W, Lim L, Linford S, Lingford-Hughes A, Lipman M, Liyanage K, Lloyd A, Logan S, Lomas D, Loosley R, Lota H, Lovegrove W, Lucey A, Lukaschuk E, Lye A, Lynch C, MacDonald S, MacGowan G, Macharia I, Mackie J, Macliver L, Madathil S, Madzamba G, Magee N, Magtoto MM, Mairs N, Majeed N, Major E, Malein F, Malim M, Mallison G, Mandal S, Mangion K, Manisty C, Manley R, March K, Marciniak S, Marino P, Mariveles M, Marouzet E, Marsh S, Marshall B, Marshall M, Martin J, Martineau A, Martinez LM, Maskell N, Matila D, Matimba-Mupaya W, Matthews L, Mbuyisa A, McAdoo S, Weir McCall J, McAllister-Williams H, McArdle A, McArdle P, McAulay D, McCormick J, McCormick W, McCourt P, McGarvey L, McGee C, Mcgee K, McGinness J, McGlynn K, McGovern A, McGuinness H, McInnes IB, McIntosh J, McIvor E, McIvor K, McLeavey L, McMahon A, McMahon MJ, McMorrow L, Mcnally T, McNarry M, McNeill J, McQueen A, McShane H, Mears C, Megson C, Megson S, Mehta P, Meiring J, Melling L, Mencias M, Menzies D, Merida Morillas M, Michael A, Milligan L, Miller C, Mills C, Mills NL, Milner L, Misra S, Mitchell J, Mohamed A, Mohamed N, Mohammed S, Molyneaux PL, Monteiro W, Moriera S, Morley A, Morrison L, Morriss R, Morrow A, Moss AJ, Moss P, Motohashi K, Msimanga N, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Munawar U, Murira J, Nanda U, Nassa H, Nasseri M, Neal A, Needham R, Neill P, Newell H, Newman T, Newton-Cox A, Nicholson T, Nicoll D, Nolan CM, Noonan MJ, Norman C, Novotny P, Nunag J, Nwafor L, Nwanguma U, Nyaboko J, O'Donnell K, O'Brien C, O'Brien L, O'Regan D, Odell N, Ogg G, Olaosebikan O, Oliver C, Omar Z, Orriss-Dib L, Osborne L, Osbourne R, Ostermann M, Overton C, Owen J, Oxton J, Pack J, Pacpaco E, Paddick S, Painter S, Pakzad A, Palmer S, Papineni P, Paques K, Paradowski K, Pareek M, Parfrey H, Pariante C, Parker S, Parkes M, Parmar J, Patale S, Patel B, Patel M, Patel S, Pattenadk D, Pavlides M, Payne S, Pearce L, Pearl JE, Peckham D, Pendlebury J, Peng Y, Pennington C, Peralta I, Perkins E, Peterkin Z, Peto T, Petousi N, Petrie J, Phipps J, Pimm J, Piper Hanley K, Pius R, Plant H, Plein S, Plekhanova T, Plowright M, Polgar O, Poll L, Porter J, Portukhay S, Powell N, Prabhu A, Pratt J, Price A, Price C, Price C, Price D, Price L, Price L, Prickett A, Propescu J, Pugmire S, Quaid S, Quigley J, Qureshi H, Qureshi IN, Radhakrishnan K, Ralser M, Ramos A, Ramos H, Rangeley J, Rangelov B, Ratcliffe L, Ravencroft P, Reddington A, Reddy R, Redfearn H, Redwood D, Reed A, Rees M, Rees T, Regan K, Reynolds W, Ribeiro C, Richards A, Richardson E, Rivera-Ortega P, Roberts K, Robertson E, Robinson E, Robinson L, Roche L, Roddis C, Rodger J, Ross A, Ross G, Rossdale J, Rostron A, Rowe A, Rowland A, Rowland J, Roy K, Roy M, Rudan I, Russell R, Russell E, Saalmink G, Sabit R, Sage EK, Samakomva T, Samani N, Sampson C, Samuel K, Samuel R, Sanderson A, Sapey E, Saralaya D, Sargant J, Sarginson C, Sass T, Sattar N, Saunders K, Saunders P, Saunders LC, Savill H, Saxon W, Sayer A, Schronce J, Schwaeble W, Scott K, Selby N, Sewell TA, Shah K, Shah P, Shankar-Hari M, Sharma M, Sharpe C, Sharpe M, Shashaa S, Shaw A, Shaw K, Shaw V, Shelton S, Shenton L, Shevket K, Short J, Siddique S, Siddiqui S, Sidebottom J, Sigfrid L, Simons G, Simpson J, Simpson N, Singh C, Singh S, Sissons D, Skeemer J, Slack K, Smith A, Smith D, Smith S, Smith J, Smith L, Soares M, Solano TS, Solly R, Solstice AR, Soulsby T, Southern D, Sowter D, Spears M, Spencer LG, Speranza F, Stadon L, Stanel S, Steele N, Steiner M, Stensel D, Stephens G, Stephenson L, Stern M, Stewart I, Stimpson R, Stockdale S, Stockley J, Stoker W, Stone R, Storrar W, Storrie A, Storton K, Stringer E, Strong-Sheldrake S, Stroud N, Subbe C, Sudlow CL, Suleiman Z, Summers C, Summersgill C, Sutherland D, Sykes DL, Sykes R, Talbot N, Tan AL, Tarusan L, Tavoukjian V, Taylor A, Taylor C, Taylor J, Te A, Tedd H, Tee CJ, Teixeira J, Tench H, Terry S, Thackray-Nocera S, Thaivalappil F, Thamu B, Thickett D, Thomas C, Thomas S, Thomas AK, Thomas-Woods T, Thompson T, Thompson AAR, Thornton T, Tilley J, Tinker N, Tiongson GF, Tobin M, Tomlinson J, Tong C, Touyz R, Tripp KA, Tunnicliffe E, Turnbull A, Turner E, Turner S, Turner V, Turner K, Turney S, Turtle L, Turton H, Ugoji J, Ugwuoke R, Upthegrove R, Valabhji J, Ventura M, Vere J, Vickers C, Vinson B, Wade E, Wade P, Wainwright T, Wajero LO, Walder S, Walker S, Walker S, Wall E, Wallis T, Walmsley S, Walsh JA, Walsh S, Warburton L, Ward TJC, Warwick K, Wassall H, Waterson S, Watson E, Watson L, Watson J, Welch C, Welch H, Welsh B, Wessely S, West S, Weston H, Wheeler H, White S, Whitehead V, Whitney J, Whittaker S, Whittam B, Whitworth V, Wight A, Wild J, Wilkins M, Wilkinson D, Williams N, Williams N, Williams J, Williams-Howard SA, Willicombe M, Willis G, Willoughby J, Wilson A, Wilson D, Wilson I, Window N, Witham M, Wolf-Roberts R, Wood C, Woodhead F, Woods J, Wormleighton J, Worsley J, Wraith D, Wrey Brown C, Wright C, Wright L, Wright S, Wyles J, Wynter I, Xu M, Yasmin N, Yasmin S, Yates T, Yip KP, Young B, Young S, Young A, Yousuf AJ, Zawia A, Zeidan L, Zhao B, Zongo O. Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2022; 10:761-775. [PMID: 35472304 PMCID: PMC9034855 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(22)00127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed to describe recovery 1 year after hospital discharge for COVID-19, identify factors associated with patient-perceived recovery, and identify potential therapeutic targets by describing the underlying inflammatory profiles of the previously described recovery clusters at 5 months after hospital discharge. METHODS The Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruiting adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital with COVID-19 across the UK. Recovery was assessed using patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance, and organ function at 5 months and 1 year after hospital discharge, and stratified by both patient-perceived recovery and recovery cluster. Hierarchical logistic regression modelling was performed for patient-perceived recovery at 1 year. Cluster analysis was done using the clustering large applications k-medoids approach using clinical outcomes at 5 months. Inflammatory protein profiling was analysed from plasma at the 5-month visit. This study is registered on the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10980107, and recruitment is ongoing. FINDINGS 2320 participants discharged from hospital between March 7, 2020, and April 18, 2021, were assessed at 5 months after discharge and 807 (32·7%) participants completed both the 5-month and 1-year visits. 279 (35·6%) of these 807 patients were women and 505 (64·4%) were men, with a mean age of 58·7 (SD 12·5) years, and 224 (27·8%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation (WHO class 7-9). The proportion of patients reporting full recovery was unchanged between 5 months (501 [25·5%] of 1965) and 1 year (232 [28·9%] of 804). Factors associated with being less likely to report full recovery at 1 year were female sex (odds ratio 0·68 [95% CI 0·46-0·99]), obesity (0·50 [0·34-0·74]) and invasive mechanical ventilation (0·42 [0·23-0·76]). Cluster analysis (n=1636) corroborated the previously reported four clusters: very severe, severe, moderate with cognitive impairment, and mild, relating to the severity of physical health, mental health, and cognitive impairment at 5 months. We found increased inflammatory mediators of tissue damage and repair in both the very severe and the moderate with cognitive impairment clusters compared with the mild cluster, including IL-6 concentration, which was increased in both comparisons (n=626 participants). We found a substantial deficit in median EQ-5D-5L utility index from before COVID-19 (retrospective assessment; 0·88 [IQR 0·74-1·00]), at 5 months (0·74 [0·64-0·88]) to 1 year (0·75 [0·62-0·88]), with minimal improvements across all outcome measures at 1 year after discharge in the whole cohort and within each of the four clusters. INTERPRETATION The sequelae of a hospital admission with COVID-19 were substantial 1 year after discharge across a range of health domains, with the minority in our cohort feeling fully recovered. Patient-perceived health-related quality of life was reduced at 1 year compared with before hospital admission. Systematic inflammation and obesity are potential treatable traits that warrant further investigation in clinical trials. FUNDING UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research.
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Shah P, Romar G, Manukyan A, Ko W, Hsieh P, Schunkert E, Fu X, Bronson R, Waldman A, Mostaghimi A, Schmidt B, Barrera V, Foreman R, Garber M, Divito S. 818 Translational analysis reveals complex interplay of T cell subsets in drug hypersensitivity reactions. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang X, Lin L, Li H, Xia W, Liu Q, Zhou X, Dong L, Fu X. Update on new trend and progress of the mechanism of polysaccharides in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease, based on the new understanding of relevant theories: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:720-738. [PMID: 35902016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset and progressive progression, is the main type of dementia. Currently, there is no specific cure for the disease. At the same time, a series of drug developments based on the classic theory, the Aβ cascade hypothesis, have not completed phase III clinical trials, challenging the hypothesis. Polysaccharides obtained from natural products can be used in the treatment of AD, which has attracted academic attention due to its advantages of multi-target, multi-channel, no or modest side effects. The TCM syndrome type of AD is mainly "qi and blood deficiency, kidney essence deficiency", and the medicine is mainly used to replenish qi and blood, kidney and bone marrow. Thus, there has been extensive and in-depth research on polysaccharides obtained from tonic Chinese herbal medicine in China. Based on this background, this paper evaluated the effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides on AD by combing and screening English and related literature in recent 5 years and summarized the extraction process and structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lizhen Lin
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hang Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Qiansong Liu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xirong Zhou
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Zhang Y, Lin L, Wang Y, Liu Z, Xia W, Sui H, Fu X. Saikosaponin B4 suppression cancer progression by inhibiting SW480 and SW620 cells proliferation via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in colon cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:889-903. [PMID: 35762543 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220627160834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with high incidence and poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE Saikosaponin B4 (SSB4) is a monomeric component of the Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Bupleurum. The current study investigates the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of SSB4 in colon cancer. METHODS The proliferation of two colon cancer cell lines, SW480 and SW620, were assessed using CCK8 and expression of regulatory molecules, including Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3, Cleaved Caspase9 and Bcl2 by flow cytometry and Western blotting. RESULTS Survival rates, assessed by CCK8, of SW480 and SW620 cells decreased significantly when the SSB4 concentration was in the range 12.5-50 μg/ml. Flow cytometry measurements indicated apoptosis rates of 55.07% ± 1.63% for SW480 cells and 33.07% ± 1.28% for SW620 cells treated with 25 μg/ml SSB4. Western blotting revealed upregulation of the proapoptotic proteins, Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3 and Cleaved Caspase9, and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl2, in the presence of SSB4. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may be the main regulatory target for the antitumor effect of SSB4. Further Western blotting experiments showed that SSB4 downregulated (p < 0.01) expression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR and the phosphorylated proteins, P-PI3K, P-Akt and P-MTOR. Expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR mRNA was found to be downregulated by SSB4 (P < 0.01) as the result of RT-PCR measurements. CONCLUSION SSB4 is a potent anti-colon cancer agent. Its effects are likely to be mediated by suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lizhen Lin
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hong Sui
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Li H, Wang L, Zhang X, Xia W, Zhou X, Sui H, Fu X. Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel: A Systematic Review on Anticancer of Its Pharmacological Properties, Clinical Researches and Pharmacokinetic Studies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:888075. [PMID: 35814470 PMCID: PMC9259996 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.888075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel (PC) is one of the most commonly used Chinese medicines and has a history of thousands of years. This article reviews the research results of anti-cancer activity and its mechanism of action obtained from experimental, clinical, pharmacokinetic and bioinformatic studies in recent years. A large number of studies have shown that PC exerts had anti-cancer effects on different types of tumor cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell cycle and energy metabolism, inducing autophagy, and inhibiting angiogenesis. The literature has shown that PC can trigger the expression of autophagy-related molecules, activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, inhibit the phosphorylation of PI3K downstream factors, down-regulate the expression of glycolysis-related proteins, and regulate a series of cancer-related signal pathways and proteins. The molecular mechanisms involved in PC include signal pathways such as Notch, PI3K/AKT/m TOR, AKT/mTOR, and MEK/ERK. The article also discusses the derivatives of the active ingredients in PC, which greatly improved the anti-cancer effect. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological effects and mechanisms of PC against cancer. The analysis of the literature shows that PC can be used as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lilan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xirong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
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Zheng T, Fu X, Shen X, Marschall S, Smith D, Tarr A, Biederer T, Shukitt-Hale B, Booth S. Low Vitamin K Intake Negatively Affects C57BL6 Mouse Survival and Cognition. Curr Dev Nutr 2022. [PMCID: PMC9193438 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac064.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Low dietary intake of vitamin K (VK), which is common among older adults, has been associated with age-related dementia and cognitive impairment. Aging and neurodegenerative diseases negatively affect hippocampal neurogenesis, and result in cognitive deficits, such as in learning and memory. The current study investigated the effects of low vitamin K intake on the potential factors affecting the cognitive functions in a C57BL6 mouse model.
Methods
Middle-aged (7–9 mo) C57BL6 mice (Charles River, n = 60) were randomly assigned by sex and diet (n = 15/group): low vitamin K males (LVKM, 80 μg phylloquinone (PK)/kg diet), control diet males (CM, 1 mg PK/kg diet), low vitamin K females (LVKF), and control diet females (CFM) for 6 months. All animals were fed ad lib, and their body weight were recorded 1–2 times/week. At the completion of the 6-mo feeding period, behavioral tests, including the rotarod, novel object task, and Morris water maze, were performed. Tissue samples were collected at the time of sacrifice (3 weeks after the behavioral tests) and PK content in liver samples were measured by HPLC.
Results
LVKM had significantly lower survival rate compared to CM (53.3% vs. 93.3% in control, P < 0.05). LVKM/F also had reduced body weight increases compared to the CM/F over the 6 mo feeding period (P < 0.05). The liver PK content in LVKM/F animals was significantly lower than that of CM/F (male:6.2 ± 1.1 vs 30.2 ± 7.0 pmol/g, P < 0.001; female: 10.9 ± 2.4 vs 47.3 ± 10.3 pmol/g, P < 0.001). On the novel object task, LVKM/F showed reduced recognition memory compared to CM/F, while no significant differences were seen between LVKM/F and CM/F on the rotarod test. Additionally, LVKM had a non-statistical trend for a greater time to locate the platform in the Morris water maze, suggesting impaired spatial memory.
Conclusions
Low vitamin K intake significantly impaired survival and weight gain of C57BL6 mice, especially among males. Additionally, low vitamin K negatively impacted the learning- and memory-related cognitive functions. Future studies are required to establish the mechanisms, underlying these observations.
Funding Sources
Supported by USDA/ARS intramural grant, and the Robert and Margaret Patricelli Family Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Tarr
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts University
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DI Iorio M, Cook C, Vanni K, Patel N, D’silva K, Fu X, Wang J, Prisco L, Kowalski E, Zaccardelli A, Martin L, Qian G, Hsu T, Wallace Z, Sparks J. POS1234 DMARD DISRUPTION, INCREASED DISEASE ACTIVITY, AND PROLONGED SYMPTOM DURATION AFTER ACUTE COVID-19 AMONG PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASE: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSystemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD) patients may be at risk for disease flare and prolonged symptom duration after COVID-19, perhaps related to DMARD disruption and immune activation.ObjectivesTo describe DMARD disruption and identify differences in SARD activity among patients with and without prolonged COVID-19 symptom duration.MethodsWe identified all SARD patients with confirmed COVID-19 at the Mass General Brigham healthcare system in Boston, USA; prospective recruitment is ongoing. Surveys were used to collect demographics, clinical characteristics, DMARD disruption, COVID-19 course, and SARD disease activity before and after COVID-19. The survey included validated instruments measuring disease activity, pain, fatigue, functional status, and respiratory quality of life. Prolonged symptom duration was defined as COVID-19 symptoms lasting ≥28 days. We compared differences in patient-reported measures between those with and without prolonged symptoms.ResultsWe analyzed survey responses from 174 COVID-19 survivors with SARDs (mean age 52±16 years, 81% female, 80% White). The most common SARDs were RA (40%) and SLE (14%). Fifty-one percent of the 127 respondents on any DMARD reported a disruption to their regimen at COVID-19 onset (Figure 1). Among individual DMARDs, 56-77% were reported to have any change, except for hydroxychloroquine (23%) and rituximab (46%). SARD flare after COVID-19 was reported by 41% of respondents (Table 1). Patient global assessment of SARD activity was worse after COVID-19 (mean 7.6±2.3 before vs. 6.6±2.9 after COVID-19, p<0.001). Prolonged symptom duration was reported by 45% of participants. Those with prolonged symptoms had a higher initial COVID-19 symptom count (median 7 vs. 4, p<0.001) and were more likely to be hospitalized for COVID-19 (28% vs. 17%, p=0.001). Respondents experiencing prolonged symptom duration had higher disease activity on RAPID3 (p=0.007) as well as more pain (p<0.001) and fatigue (p=0.03) compared to those without prolonged symptoms.Table 1.Acute COVID-19 course, SARD flare/activity, and patient-reported outcomes among COVID-19 survivors with SARDs.All COVID-19 survivors with SARDs (n=174)Prolonged symptom duration ≥28 days (n=78)No prolonged symptom duration/(n=96)p-value (prolonged vs. not)Acute COVID-19 courseCOVID-19 symptom duration, days, median [IQR]14 [9, 29]46 [30, 65]11 [7, 14]<0.0001Initial symptom count, median [IQR]6 [3, 8]7 [6, 9]4 [2, 7]<0.001Hospitalized, n (%)38 (22)22 (28)16 (17)0.001SARD flare/activitySelf-reported SARD flare after COVID-19, n (%)71 (41)38 (49)33 (34)0.15Disease activity by RAPID3, median [IQR]9 [4, 14]11.2 [6, 16]7 [3, 13]0.0067RAPID3 categorical score, n (%)0.13Remission (0)11 (7)4 (5)7 (7)Near remission (0.3-1.0)23 (14)5 (7)18 (19)Low severity (1.3-2.0)26 (15)10 (14)16 (17)Moderate severity (2.3-4.0)55 (33)27 (36)28 (29)High severity (4.3-10.0)54 (32)28 (38)26 (27)Patient-reported outcomesPain by SF-MPQ, median [IQR]2 [1, 2]2 [1, 2]1 [0, 2]0.0008Fatigue by FSI, median [IQR]53 [27, 84]66 [31, 91.5]43 [26, 76]0.031mHAQ, median [IQR]0.125 [0, 0.38]0.25 [0, 0.75]0.125 [0, 0.38]0.11Respiratory quality of life by SGRQ, global [IQR]15 [4, 29]16 [4, 36]10 [4, 26]0.49RAPID3, Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3; SF-MPQ, Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire; FSI, Fatigue Symptom Inventory; mHAQ, modified Health Assessment Questionnaire; SGRQ, Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.Figure 1.Frequency of baseline DMARD use and proportion with any disruption at COVID-19 onset.ConclusionDMARD disruption, SARD flare, and prolonged symptoms were common in this prospective study of COVID-19 survivors with SARDs. Those with prolonged COVID-19 symptom duration, defined as ≥28 days, had higher SARD activity, more pain, and more fatigue compared to those without prolonged symptoms. These findings suggest that post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 may have a large impact on underlying SARD activity and quality of life.Disclosure of InterestsMichael Di Iorio: None declared, Claire Cook: None declared, Kathleen Vanni: None declared, Naomi Patel Consultant of: Receives consulting fees from FVC Health unrelated to this work., Kristin D’Silva: None declared, Xiaoqing Fu: None declared, Jiaqi Wang: None declared, Lauren Prisco: None declared, Emily Kowalski: None declared, Alessandra Zaccardelli: None declared, Lily Martin: None declared, Grace Qian: None declared, Tiffany Hsu: None declared, Zachary Wallace Consultant of: Receives consulting fees from Viela Bio, Zenas BioPharma, and MedPace unrelated to this work., Grant/research support from: Receives research support from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Principia/Sanofi., Jeffrey Sparks Consultant of: Receives consultant fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead, Inova Diagnostics, Janssen, Optum, and Pfizer unrelated to this work., Grant/research support from: Receives research support from Bristol Myers Squibb.
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Gilbert E, Figueroa-Parra G, Valenzuela-Almada M, Vallejo S, Neville MR, Patel N, Cook C, Fu X, Hagi R, McDermott G, Di Iorio M, Masto L, Vanni K, Kowalski E, Qian G, Wallace Z, Duarte-Garcia A, Sparks J. OP0251 IMPACT OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE ON SEVERE COVID-19 OUTCOMES FOR PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A MULTICENTER STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundRA has been associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes, but few studies have investigated outcomes in RA features such as interstitial lung disease.ObjectivesTo assess COVID-19 outcomes in patients with RA overall, and those with and without ILD, compared to general population comparators.MethodsA multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted at Mayo Clinic (19 hospitals and affiliated outpatient centers in 4 states) and Mass General Brigham (14 hospitals and affiliated outpatient centers in New England). Consecutive patients with RA meeting ACR/EULAR criteria and a positive COVID-19 test from March 1, 2020 through June 6, 2021 were matched 1:5 on age, sex, race, and COVID-19 test date with general population comparators without RA. RA features assessed included: RA-ILD per Bongartz criteria [1], duration, rheumatoid factor (RF), cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP), bone erosions, and treatments. The primary outcome was a composite of hospitalization or death following COVID-19 diagnosis. We used multivariable Cox regression to investigate the association of RA, and features such as ILD, with COVID-19 outcomes compared to matched comparators.ResultsWe analyzed 582 patients with RA and 2892 comparators without RA, all with COVID-19. Mean age was 62 years, 51% were female, and 79% were White. Mean RA duration was 11 years, 67% were seropositive (52% RF+ and 54% CCP+), 27% had bone erosions, 28% were on steroids, and 79% were on DMARDs. 50/582 (9%) patients with RA had ILD.The COVID-19 hospitalization or death rate for RA patients was higher than comparators (3.0 per 1,000 days [95% CI 2.5-3.6] vs. 1.9 per 1,000 days [95% CI 1.7-2.1], respectively). Overall, RA patients had a 53% higher risk of hospitalization or death than comparators after adjustment (95% CI 1.20-1.94).Among those with RA-ILD, the hospitalization or death rate was significantly higher than comparators (10.9 [95% CI 6.7-15.2] vs. 2.5 per 1,000 days [1.8-3.2], respectively). RA-ILD was associated with nearly 3-fold higher risk for hospitalization or death than comparators (multivariable HR 2.84 [95% CI 1.64-4.91], Table 1). There was a significant interaction between RA/comparator status and presence/absence of ILD for risk of severe COVID-19 (p<0.001, Figure 1). The elevated risk for severe COVID-19 was similar for RA subgroups defined by serostatus or bone erosions.Table 1.Frequencies, proportions, and hazard ratios for COVID-19 outcomes, comparing all RA patients, and subgroups with or without RA-ILD, to matched comparators.COVID-19 OutcomesAll RA Patients (n=582)RA-ILD (n=50)RA Patients without ILD (n=532)Comparators (n=2,892)Hospitalization, n (%)121 (21)24 (48)97 (18)402 (14)Unadjusted HR (95% CI)1.58 (1.27, 1.96)2.65 (1.71, 4.09)1.43 (1.12, 1.82)Ref.Adjusted* HR (95% CI)1.45 (1.14, 1.83)2.35 (1.38, 4.00)1.31 (1.00, 1.70)Ref.Death, n (%)26 (4)9 (18)17 (3)63 (2)Unadjusted HR (95% CI)1.72 (0.98, 3.01)5.88 (2.07, 16.71)1.13 (0.56, 2.29)Ref.Adjusted* HR (95% CI)1.24 (0.66, 2.32)13.94 (4.30, 45.18)0.75 (0.35, 1.63)Ref.Hospitalization or death, n (%)126 (22)25 (50)101 (19)419 (14)Unadjusted HR (95% CI)1.66 (1.33, 2.07)3.01 (1.93, 4.70)1.47 (1.14, 1.89)Ref.Adjusted* HR (95% CI)1.53 (1.20, 1.94)2.84 (1.64, 4.91)1.34 (1.02, 1.77)Ref.*Adjusted for age, sex, race, and smokingFigure 1.Multivariable hazard ratios for the composite outcome of hospitalization or death from COVID-19, comparing all RA and subgroups by serostatus, bone erosions, and ILD to matched comparators without RA.ConclusionWe confirmed that RA was associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes compared to the general population. We found evidence that ILD may be an effect modifier for the relationship between RA and severe COVID-19 outcomes, but RA subgroups defined by serostatus and bone erosions had similarly elevated risk. These findings suggest that ILD or its treatment may be a major contributor to severe COVID-19 outcomes in RA.References[1]Bongartz, T, et al, Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Jun;62(6):1583-91.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Holden RM, Booth SL, Zimmerman D, Moist L, Norman PA, Day AG, Menard A, Fu X, Shea MK, Babiolakis CS, Nolan R, Turner ME, Ward E, Kaufmann M, Adams MA, Heyland DK. Inhibit progression of coronary artery calcification with vitamin K in hemodialysis patients (the iPACK-HD study): a randomized, placebo-controlled multi-center, pilot trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:746-756. [PMID: 35641194 PMCID: PMC9976736 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K activates matrix Gla protein (MGP), a key inhibitor of vascular calcification. There is a high prevalence of sub-clinical vitamin K deficiency in patients with end-stage kidney disease. METHODS A parallel randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial was designed to determine whether 10 mg of phylloquinone thrice weekly versus placebo modifies coronary artery calcification progression over 12 months in patients requiring hemodialysis with a coronary artery calcium score (CAC) ≥30 Agatston Units (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01528800). The primary outcome was feasibility (recruitment rate, compliance with study medication, study completion and adherence overall to study protocol). CAC score was used to assess calcification at baseline and 12 months. Secondary objectives were to explore the impact of phylloquinone on vitamin K-related biomarkers (phylloquinone, dephospho-uncarboxylated MGP and the Gla-osteocalcin to Glu-osteocalcin ratio) and events of clinical interest. RESULTS A total of 86 patients with a CAC score ≥30 Agatston Units were randomized to either 10 mg of phylloquinone or a matching placebo three times per week. In all, 69 participants (80%) completed the trial. Recruitment rate (4.4 participants/month) and medication compliance (96%) met pre-defined feasibility criteria of ≥4.17 and ≥90%, respectively. Patients randomized to phylloquinone for 12 months had significantly reduced levels of dephospho-uncarboxylated MGP (86% reduction) and increased levels of phylloquinone and Gla-osteocalcin to Glu-osteocalcin ratio compared with placebo. There was no difference in the absolute or relative progression of coronary artery calcification between groups. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that phylloquinone treatment improves vitamin K status and that a fully powered randomized trial may be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Zimmerman
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louise Moist
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick A Norman
- Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston Health Sciences Center, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew G Day
- Kingston General Health Research Institute, Kingston Health Sciences Center, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Menard
- Department of Radiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Kyla Shea
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Robert Nolan
- Department of Radiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mandy E Turner
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emilie Ward
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Kaufmann
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A Adams
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daren K Heyland
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Xu S, Chen S, Xia W, Sui H, Fu X. Hyperoside: A Review of Its Structure, Synthesis, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093009. [PMID: 35566359 PMCID: PMC9101560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside is an active ingredient in plants, such as Hypericum monogynum in Hypericaceae, Crataegus pinnatifida in Rosaceae and Polygonum aviculare in Polygonaceae. Its pharmacologic effects include preventing cancer and protecting the brain, neurons, heart, kidneys, lung, blood vessels, bones, joints and liver, among others. Pharmacokinetic analysis of hyperoside has revealed that it mainly accumulates in the kidney. However, long-term application of high-dose hyperoside should be avoided in clinical practice because of its renal toxicity. This review summarises the structure, synthesis, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of hyperoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.X.); (S.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Shuaipeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.X.); (S.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.X.); (S.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.X.); (S.C.); (W.X.)
- Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Incidence Disease, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (X.F.)
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.X.); (S.C.); (W.X.)
- Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Incidence Disease, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (X.F.)
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Ellis JL, Fu X, Karl JP, Hernandez CJ, Mason JB, DeBose-Boyd RA, Booth SL. Multiple Dietary Vitamin K Forms Are Converted to Tissue Menaquinone-4 in Mice. J Nutr 2022; 152:981-993. [PMID: 34550377 PMCID: PMC8971004 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin K is a term that comprises a family of structurally related quinones, phylloquinone (PK) and the menaquinones (MKn), that share a common naphthoquinone ring but vary in sidechain length (n) and saturation. Dietary PK is a biosynthetic precursor to tissue menaquinone-4 (MK4), but little is known about the absorption and metabolism of dietary MKn. OBJECTIVE To characterize the absorption and metabolism of dietary MKn relative to PK. METHODS In the 4-week diet study, 10-week-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were pair-fed a vitamin K deficient diet (control) or a diet supplemented with 5.0 μmol/kg total PK, MK4, and/or MK9 (separately and in combination). In the 1-week stable isotope study, 12-week-old mice were pair-fed diets containing 2.2 μmol/kg PK (unlabeled control), 2H7PK, 13C11MK4, 2H7MK7, or 2H7MK9. Vitamin K tissue content was quantified by HPLC and/or LC-MS, and concentrations were compared by sex and diet group using 2-factor ANOVA. RESULTS Regardless of the form(s) of vitamin K provided in the diet, tissue MK4 concentrations did not differ across equimolar supplemented groups in the kidney, adipose, reproductive organ, bone, or pancreas in either males or females in the diet study (all P values > 0.05). Isotopic labeling confirmed the naphthoquinone ring of MK4 in tissues originated from the administered dietary PK or MKn. Despite equimolar supplementation, accumulation of the administered dietary form differed across diet groups in small intestinal segments (all P values < 0.002) and the liver (P < 0.001). Female mice had greater total vitamin K than males in every tissue examined (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dietary PK, MK4, MK7, and MK9 all served as precursors to tissue MK4 in mice. This study expands our understanding of vitamin K metabolism and supports a common conversion mechanism of all dietary vitamin K forms to MK4. Further investigation of the metabolism and physiological roles of MK4 that may be independent of classical vitamin K function is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Ellis
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Philip Karl
- US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J Hernandez
- Schools of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Joel B Mason
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell A DeBose-Boyd
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Ellis JL, Wang M, Fu X, Fields CJ, Donovan SM, Booth SL. Feeding Practice and Delivery Mode Are Determinants of Vitamin K in the Infant Gut: An Exploratory Analysis. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac019. [PMID: 35295713 PMCID: PMC8921654 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infants have low stores of vitamin K at birth. Dietary intake of phylloquinone (PK) differs dramatically by infant feeding practice, but the contribution of microbially produced vitamin K (menaquinones) to infant vitamin K status is not well understood. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate determinants of infant fecal vitamin K profiles in mother-infant dyads at 6 wk postpartum. Methods Fecal and breast milk samples were collected from a subsample of breastfeeding (n = 23) or formula-feeding (n = 23) mother and infant dyads, delivered vaginally (n = 26) or by cesarean section (CS) (n = 20) in the Synergistic Theory and Research on Nutrition and Growth (STRONG) Kids 2 cohort. Vitamin K concentrations in breast milk and feces were analyzed by LC/MS and/or HPLC. Fecal bacterial metagenomes were analyzed to derive taxonomy and vitamin K biosynthetic genes. Multivariate linear modeling was used to assess effects of delivery and feeding modes on infant fecal vitamin K. Results Breast milk contained 1.3 ± 0.2 ng/mL PK, and formula was reported to contain 52 ng/mL PK. Fecal PK was 38-times higher (P < 0.001) in formula-fed than breastfed infants. Infant fecal menaquinones (MKn) MK6, MK7, MK12, and MK13 were higher (P < 0.001) in formula-fed than breastfed infants, whereas MK8 predominated in breastfed and was 5-times higher than formula-fed infants. Total MKn were greater (P < 0.001) in vaginally delivered than CS infants. Relative abundances of 33 bacterial species were affected by feeding mode, 2 by delivery mode, and 4 by both (P < 0.05). Bacterial gene content of 5/12 vitamin K biosynthetic genes were greater (P < 0.05) in breastfed compared with formula-fed infants, and 1 differed by delivery mode. Conclusions Feeding practice and delivery mode influence bacterial vitamin K production in the infant gut. High concentrations of unmetabolized PK in feces of formula-fed infants suggests formula PK content exceeds the absorptive capacity of the infant gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Ellis
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J Fields
- High Performance Biological Computing Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang X, Liu Z, Chen S, Li H, Dong L, Fu X. A new discovery: Total Bupleurum saponin extracts can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114742. [PMID: 34655668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bupleurum chinense DC has a history of using herb in China for more than 2000 years, which can be traced back to the Classic of Shennong Materia Medica in the Han Dynasty. Although Saikosaponin, the main active ingredient of Bupleurum, has the effects of anti-tumor, yet we still do not know the mechanism by total Bupleurum saponin extracts (TBSE) produces this effect on colon cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY It is predicted by network pharmacology that TBSE may play an anti-colon cancer role by regulating the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether TBSE inhibits proliferation and promote apoptosis of colon cancer cells by regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of saikosaponins on the proliferation of SW480 and SW620 cells was detected by CCK-8, apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, morphological changes of cells were observed by microscope, nuclear morphological changes were observed after immunofluorescence staining, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl2, Caspase3, Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3 and Cleaved Caspase9 were detected by Western Blot, and the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bax, Bcl2, Caspase3 and Caspase9 were detected by RT-PCR. According to the theory of network pharmacology, the potential targets of saikosaponins and colon cancer were predicted by database Pharmmapper and Genecards database respectively. The intersection of saikosaponins and colon cancer was enriched and analyzed on the Metascape platform. Then, the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway related protein PI3K, Akt, Mtor, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR were detected by Western Blot, and the corresponding amount of RNA expressions in the pathway was confirmed by RT-PCR. RESULTS The results of CCK-8 demonstrated that the survival rate of SW480 and SW620 cells decreased significantly when the concentration of TBSE was in the range of 25-200 μg/ml. The morphological observation showed that the cells lost normal cell morphology, cytoplasmic condensation, and partial loss of adhesion after treatment with TBSE. Flow cytometry indicated that the apoptosis rates of SW480 cells and SW620 cells treated with TBSE (50 μg/ml) were 48.47% ± 1.20% and 36.13% ± 1.76%, respectively. Western Blot firstly confirmed that TBSE significantly up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3 and Cleaved Caspase9, and down-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. And RT-PCR results implied that TBSE significantly up-regulated the gene expression of apoptotic factors Bax, Caspase3 and Caspase9, and significantly decreased the gene expression of Bcl2. It was predicted that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway may be the main regulatory object of the antitumor effect of TBSE by network pharmacology. Subsequent WB experiment also revealed that TBSE could significantly down-regulate (P < 0.01) the expressions of PI3K, Akt, mTOR and phosphorylated proteins P-PI3K, P-Akt, P-MTOR. Meanwhile, RT-PCR results also indicated that TBSE could significantly down-regulate (P < 0.01) the gene expression levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR. CONCLUSIONS TBSE activated Bax/Bcl2 and caspase-9/caspase-3 cascade to induced apoptosis of human colon cancer SW480 and SW60 cells in a dose-dependent manner, which was obviously related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | | | - Hang Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Ellis JL, Karl JP, Oliverio AM, Fu X, Soares JW, Wolfe BE, Hernandez CJ, Mason JB, Booth SL. Dietary vitamin K is remodeled by gut microbiota and influences community composition. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-16. [PMID: 33651646 PMCID: PMC7928036 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1887721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamins have well-established roles in bacterial metabolism. Menaquinones (MKn, n = prenyl units in sidechain) are bacterially produced forms of vitamin K produced by the gut microbiota and consumed in the diet. Little is known about the influence of dietary vitamin K quinones on gut microbial composition and MKn production. Here, male and female C57BL6 mice were fed a vitamin K deficient diet or vitamin K sufficient diets containing phylloquinone (PK, plant-based vitamin K form), MK4, and/or MK9. DNA was extracted from cecal contents and 16S sequencing conducted to assess microbial composition. Cecal microbial community composition was significantly different in vitamin K deficient female mice compared to females on vitamin K sufficient diets (all p < .007). Parallel trends were seen in male mice, but were not statistically significant (all p > .05 but <0.1). Next, stable isotope-labeled vitamin K quinones were supplemented to male and female C57BL6 mice (2H7PK, 13C11MK4, 2H7MK7, 2H7MK9) and to an in vitro fermentation model inoculated with human stool (2H7PK, 2H7MK4, 2H7MK9, or vitamin K precursor 2H8-menadione). Vitamin K quinones in feces and culture aliquots were measured using LC-MS. In vivo, supplemented vitamin K quinones were remodeled to other MKn (2H7- or 13C6-labeled MK4, MK10, MK11, and MK12), but in vitro only the precursor 2H8-menadione was remodeled to 2H7MK4, 2H7MK9, 2H7MK10, and 2H7MK11. These results suggest that dietary vitamin K deficiency alters the gut microbial community composition. Further studies are needed to determine if menadione generated by host metabolism may serve as an intermediate in dietary vitamin K remodeling in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L. Ellis
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA,The Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J. Philip Karl
- Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Angela M. Oliverio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason W. Soares
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, US Army Combat Capabilities Developmental Command Soldier Center, Natick, MA, USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Hernandez
- Schools of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Joel B. Mason
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA,The Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L. Booth
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA,CONTACT Sarah L. Booth 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Booth SL, Shea MK, Barger K, Leurgans SE, James BD, Holland TM, Agarwal P, Fu X, Wang J, Matuszek G, Schneider JA. Association of vitamin K with cognitive decline and neuropathology in community‐dwelling older persons. A&D Transl Res & Clin Interv 2022; 8:e12255. [PMID: 35475263 PMCID: PMC9019903 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Higher vitamin K intakes have been associated with better cognitive function, suggestive of a vitamin K mechanistic effect or simply reflective of a healthy diet. To test the hypothesis that brain vitamin K is linked to cognitive decline and dementia, vitamin K concentrations were measured in four brain regions, and their associations with cognitive and neuropathological outcomes were estimated in 325 decedents of the Rush Memory and Aging Project. Menaquinone‐4 (MK4) was the main vitamin K form in the brain regions evaluated. Higher brain MK4 concentrations were associated with a 17% to 20% lower odds of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (P‐value < .014), with a 14% to 16% lower odds of Braak stage ≥IV (P‐value < 0.045), with lower Alzheimer's disease global pathology scores and fewer neuronal neurofibrillary tangles (P‐value < 0.012). These findings provide new and compelling evidence implicating vitamin K in neuropathology underlying cognitive decline and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Booth
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - M. Kyla Shea
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Sue E. Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Bryan D. James
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Thomas M. Holland
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jifan Wang
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Gregory Matuszek
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Julie A. Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Chicago Illinois USA
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Yang YF, Cai ZH, Fu X, Zhang J, Qiu YD, Mao L. [Risk factors of newly developed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after pancreaticoduodenectomy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:46-51. [PMID: 34954946 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20210803-00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the risk factors of newly developed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD). Methods: The clinical data of 130 patients who had undergone PD at Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University from June 2018 to December 2020 were collected retrospectively. There were 74 males and 56 females, with age(M(IQR)) of 62(16) years (range: 22 to 84 years). Twenty-nine patients who developed NAFLD were divided into NAFLD group and 101 patients who did not suffer NAFLD were divided into no NAFLD group. Observation indications included:(1)preoperative demographics,intraoperative and postoperative characteristics; (2)the risk factors of newly developed NAFLD after PD. Count data were analyzed using χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Measurement data were analyzed by student t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariate analysis was performed using Logistic regression model with a stepwise forward approach. Results: All 130 patients successfully underwent PD and 29 cases(22.3%) developed NAFLD in 6 months after PD. The results of univariate analysis showed that gender,diabetic mellitus,the level of triglyceride preoperatively,and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were the related factors of the development of NAFLD after PD(t=-2.655, χ²=4.563,U=-2.192,χ²=7.044;all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that gender,body mass index,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were independent risk factors for the development of NAFLD after PD(OR=2.849,1.214,4.165,all P<0.05). Conclusion: Gender, body mass index,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were independent risk factors for the development of NAFLD after PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
| | - Z H Cai
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
| | - X Fu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
| | - Y D Qiu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
| | - L Mao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008,China
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Fu X, Almenglo C, Couselo-Seijas M, Fernandez AL, Martinez-Cereijo JM, Duran D, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR, Rodriguez-Manero M, Eiras S. Genesis of epicardial adipocytes and its association with progenitor markers, muscarinic receptor type 3 and b-blockers intake in patients with cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Epicardial fat thickness or volume was found to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our aim was to study the epicardial adipocyte-progenitors' markers and its association with cholinergic or adrenergic activity in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Materials and methods
We have included epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) biopsies from 29 patients underwent open-heart surgery. From 10 patients (69±5 years old, 31±8 kg/ m2, 40% CAD, 40% HF, 60% AF, 0% T2DM) stromal cells from epicardial and subcutaneous fat were isolated after collagenase activity and cultured for 14 days and then submitted to adipogenesis for next 14 days. Samples from 19 patients (60±9 years old, 29±4 kg/m2, 42% CAD, 37% HF, 32% AF, 32% T2DM, 53% β-blockers) were used for “ex vivo assays”. Explants were split into equal pieces (100 mg), treated with or without acetylcholine (ACh) for 30 min. Afterwards RNA was isolated and cDNA was amplified by real time PCR. We selected adipocytes progenitors (CD36, PREF1, COL1A1), adipocytes markers (ADIPO, FABP4), muscarinic (muscarinic receptor type 2 (CHRM2) and 3 (CHRM2)) and β-adrenergic receptors (ABRD1, ABRD2 and ABRD3). Gene expression was represented regarding ACTB as 2HK/GEN.
Results
The stromal vascular cells (SVC) from subcutaneous fat (SAT) had higher expression levels of CD36, PREF1 and COL1A1 than SVC from epicardial fat (EAT). It explains the higher adipocytes markers after adipogenesis induction in SAT than EAT cells. However, an upregulation of fibroblasts markers was detected on EAT. The levels of CD36 and PREF1 in SVC were associated with higher adipogenesis. Although CHRM2 was higher in EAT than SAT SVC, the adipogenesis induction upregulated only CHRM3 (1.48±0.065 vs 1.42±0.036 a.u.) in EAT cells. Thus, this receptor was associated with adipocytes markers in epicardial fat (r=0.777 for CD36 and r=0.746 for FABP4) and incremented in epicardial fat biopsies from patients who were taken β-blockers (1.61±0.011 n=10 vs 1.54±0.097 a.u. n=9; p=0.05) and modulated by ACh treatment (p=0.05).
Conclusions
Our results showed that CD36 and PREF1 in epicardial SVC are adipocytes progenitors. The higher presence of adipocytes markers is associated with higher levels of muscarinic receptor (CHRM3), which are upregulated in epicardial fat from patients who were taken β-blockers and modulated by cholinergic activity. Because a metabolic and lipolytic dysfunction was associated with CHRM3, the sympathetic modulation might play a role in the epicardial adipocytes genesis. Further studies are needed to understand if this mechanism might improve or not future cardiovascular events.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): ISCIII (PFIS2020)
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fu
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Almenglo
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Couselo-Seijas
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A L Fernandez
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Heart Surgery Department, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J M Martinez-Cereijo
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Heart Surgery Department, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D Duran
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Heart Surgery Department, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J R Gonzalez-Juanatey
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Cardiovascular Area, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Rodriguez-Manero
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Eiras
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Couselo Seijas M, Molares Vila A, Bravo Lopez SB, Fernandez AL, Almenglo Buzon C, Fu X, Rodriguez Manero M, Eiras Penas S. Qualitative and quantitative proteomic approach of epicardial cell secretome from atrial fibrillation patients after cholinergic stimulation. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The association between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) was already described by several authors. In fact, botulinum toxin injection in this tissue reduces new-onset AF after open-heart surgery. Our previous results showed an elevation of adiposity in epicardial stromal vascular cells (SVC), assessed by the higher levels of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) in AF patients; and a higher lipid accumulation in these cells after chronic acetylcholine treatment. We wanted to identify the proteins released from EAT SVC in presence/absence of mature adipocytes, that could be exerting a paracrine effect over the myocardium. The identification of these proteins might shed light on possible triggers in epicardial SVC and the mechanisms underlying botulinum toxin benefits on AF.
Material and methods
Proteomic studies were performed in 32 samples from 8 patients undergoing open-heart surgery (4 with and 4 without AF). Epicardial SVC were isolated by collagenase digestion and cultured in M199 medium. Then, cells were induced or not to adipocyte differentiation. After this intervention, cells were treated or not with acetylcholine (10uM) for 30 min. Conditioned medium was stored until be used. Differential released proteins were identified by nano-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Triple-Time of flying (TOF) analysis, and quantified by SWATH-Ms proteomics anaylisis.
Results
The quantitative proteomic approach has identified 111 common proteins in EAT SVC from patients with and without AF. A 79,3% of the genes which encoded the proteins identified were citoplasmic. A 78,4% were classified as components of the cellular exosomes, followed by genes related with centrosome (37,1%), nucleosome (15,5%), lysosomes (40,5%) and nucleolus (37,1%). Acute cholinergic treatment with ACh at 10 uM decreased α-defensin 3 (DEFA3, ID: 59666; p-value = 0,0297) secretion from EAT SVC of AF patients in comparison with EAT SVC from non-AF patients. In the same line, Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA, ID: P62937) showed a lower secretion from SVC of AF patients (p=0,0326). After adipogenesis-induction, adipocyte presence modified the protein secretion under ACh treatment: Differences between AF and non-AF patients lied on 2 different proteins: profilin 1 (PFN1, ID: P07737, p-value = 0,0286) and β-enolase (ENO3, ID: P13929, p-value = 0,0414), showing a higher and lower secretion in AF patients regarding non-AF patients, respectively.
Conclusions
EAT SVC showed a differential protein secretion according adipocyte and AF presence. Although further studies are needed, the proteins differentially secreted in EAT SVC are related to inflammation (DEFA3), structure (PFN1) and glucose metabolism (ENO3), pointing the pathways that could be modified in AF patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2016-2020 and ISCIII-Subdirecciόn General de Evaluaciόn y Fomento de la Investigaciόn el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) Figure 1. Common proteins secreted from EAT SVCFigure 2. Differentially secreted proteins in AF
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Affiliation(s)
- M Couselo Seijas
- Health Research Institute, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Molares Vila
- Health Research Institute, Bioinformatics Unit, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S B Bravo Lopez
- Health Research Institute, Proteomics Unit, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A L Fernandez
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, CIBERCV, Madrid. Heart Surgery Department, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Almenglo Buzon
- Health Research Institute, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - X Fu
- Health Research Institute, Translational Cardiology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Rodriguez Manero
- University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Cardiovascular Area. CIBERCV, Madrid. Cardiology Group, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Eiras Penas
- Health Research Institute, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain. Translational Cardiology Group, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Li H, Liu Q, Zhou X, Sui H, Fu X. Phlomoides umbrosa (Turcz.) Kamelin & Makhm: A review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical research. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114252. [PMID: 34082016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phlomoides umbrosa (Turcz.) Kamelin & Makhm (P. umbrosa, Lamiaceae) is also known as "Caosu" in China and "Han Sok-Dan" in Korea. It has been used as a traditional medicine for hundreds of years. This plant is not only as a traditional medicine to alleviate diseases such as colds, arthritis, osteoporosis, but also as a food additive. AIM OF THE STUDY This review provides up-to-date investigations of this plant, including its botany, traditional uses, pharmacology, phytochemistry, clinical research, cytotoxicity, and safety evaluation. The possible purposes and perspectives for future research of P. umbrosa are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on the studies of P. umbrosa is collected from scientific journals and reports via library and electronic data search (PubMed, Baidu Academic, Google Scholar, Science Direct, ACS, Web of Science, and CNKI). Meanwhile, it is also obtained from published works of folk records, ethnopharmacological literature, Ph.D. and Masters Dissertation. RESULTS Phytochemical research reveals that this plant contains triterpenoids, iridoids, phenylethanoids, flavonoids, essential oil, microelement, etc. The extract of P. umbrosa exhibits extensive pharmacological activities including anti-osteoporosis, anti-allergic, anti-bacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer. Almost no obvious toxicity or side effects is observed and recorded for P. umbrosa. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes traditional uses, botany, pharmacology, phytochemistry, clinical research, cytotoxicity, and safety evaluation of P. umbrosa, and presents the constituents and their corresponding chemical structures found in P. umbrosa comprehensively for the first time. Meanwhile, modern pharmacological studies also are extensively investigated at present. It is worth mentioning that P. umbrosa promotes children's growth as well as the application of clinical research. Although there are clinical studies on P. umbrosa, its pharmacokinetics needs to be further elucidated. Besides, P. umbrosa is also limited in identifying active compounds and clarifying pharmacological mechanisms. Similarly, modern researches on the traditional application of P. umbrosa should also be urgently confirmed, such as treatment of fractures and hemostasis. It is believed that this review will provide a theoretical basis and valuable data for future in-depth research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Qiansong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Xirong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Hui Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Hui Medicine, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Sun D, Chen P, Li X, Hu J, Xu L, Fu X, Liu Y, Liu D, Liu L, Zhang X, He J. OA08.03 The 5-year Survival Rate of Postoperative Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Two Different Follow-up Patterns. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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