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Jiang DL, Pan JQ, Li JQ, Zhou XL, Shen X, Xu DN, Tian YB, Huang YM. Effects of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on testicular development and reproduction-related gene expression in roosters. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4105-4115. [PMID: 37842944 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2266645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) plays a crucial role in regulating reproduction in the hypothalamus of poultry and has been intensely investigated since its discovery. This study aimed to assess the effects of GnIH on testicular development, as well as on reproduction-related hormone release and gene expression levels in roosters. The administration of exogenous GnIH resulted in a significant reduction in testis weight, testis volume and semen quality (p < 0.05). Additionally, exogenous GnIH significantly up-regulates the expression of GnIH, and down-regulates the expression of PRL (p < 0.05). GnIH application also decreased the GnRH, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and luteinizing hormone β subunit(LHβ)gene expression levels. Meanwhile, by neutralizing the effects of endogenous GnIH through immunization, testicular development on day 150 in roosters was significantly promoted. Compared to the control condition, GnIH immunization significantly down-regulated the expression of the VIP and PRL genes (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we found that exogenous GnIH treatment inhibited testicular development, reduces PRL gene expression, and suppressed reproductive performance in roosters. Conversely, GnIH immunization down-regulated VIP and PRL genes, activates the reproductive system, and promotes the reproductive activity and testicular development of roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Jiang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - J Q Pan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - J Q Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
- Technology Center of Zhanjiang Customs District, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - X L Zhou
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - X Shen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - D N Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Y B Tian
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Y M Huang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, PR China
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He F, Li T, Li YF, Tang P, Sang LN, Huang YM, Sun L, Liu L. [Clinical features of SF3B1 mutation in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:681-687. [PMID: 37263951 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220902-00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To exploring the clinical features of SF3B1-mutated myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB) and analyzing the association between SF3B1 mutation, and efficacy and prognostic significance for patients with MDS-EB. Methods: This was a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 266 patients with MDS-EB diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between April 2016 and November 2021 were analyzed. The observed indicators included blood routine counts, mutated genes, overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and leukemia-free survival (LFS). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to depict the survival curves. The Log-rank test method was equally used to compare survival across groups and performed the Cox proportional hazard regression model for prognostic analysis. Results: In 266 patients with MDS-EB, 166 (62.4%) were men, and the median age was 57 (17-81) years. Moreover, there were included 26 and 240 patients in the SF3B1-mutated and SF3B1 wild-type groups. Patients in the SF3B1-mutated group were older [median age 65 (51, 69) years vs. 56 (46, 66) years, P=0.033], had higher white blood cell (WBC) counts [3.08 (2.35, 4.78) × 109/L vs. 2.13 (1.40, 3.77) × 109/L], platelet (PLT) counts [122.5 (50.5, 215.0) ×109/L vs. 49.0 (24.3, 100.8) × 109/L], absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) [1.83 (1.01, 2.88) × 109/L vs. 0.80 (0.41, 1.99) × 109/L]and occurrence of DNMT3A mutation [23.1% (6/26) vs. 6.7% (16/240)] (all P<0.05). The ORR were similar in both groups after 2 and 4 cycles of therapy (P=0.348, P=1.000). Moreover, the LFS (P=0.218), PFS (P=0.179) and OS (P=0.188) were similar across the groups. Univariate Cox analysis revealed that SF3B1 mutation did not affect the prognosis of patients with MDS-EB (OS: P=0.193; PFS: P=0.184). Conclusions: Patients with SF3B1 mutation were older, with greater WBC, PLT, and ANC, and SF3B1 mutation easily co-occurred with DNMT3A mutation. From this model, there were no significant differences in efficacy and survival of MDS-EB with or without SF3B1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F He
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Y F Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - P Tang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L N Sang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Y M Huang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Li WD, Wang HT, Huang YM, Cheng BH, Xiang LJ, Zhou XH, Deng QY, Guo ZG, Yang ZF, Guan ZF, Wang Y. Circ_0003356 suppresses gastric cancer growth through targeting the miR-668-3p/SOCS3 axis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:787-809. [PMID: 37275445 PMCID: PMC10237019 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i5.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted extensive attention as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer (GC). Circ_0003356 is known to be downregulated in GC tissues, but its cellular function and mechanisms remain undefined.
AIM To investigate the role of circ_0003356 in GC at the molecular and cellular level.
METHODS Circ_0003356, miR-668-3p, and SOCS3 expression were assessed via quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Wound healing, EdU, CCK-8, flow cytometry and transwell assays were used to analyze the migration, proliferation, viability, apoptosis and invasion of GC cells. The subcellular localization of circ_0003356 was monitored using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The interaction of circ_0003356 with miR-668-3p was confirmed using RIP-qRT-PCR, RNA pull-down, and dual luciferase reporter assays. We observed protein levels of genes via western blot. We injected AGS cells into the upper back of mice and performed immunohistochemistry staining for examining E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Ki67, and SOCS3 expressions. TUNEL staining was performed for the assessment of apoptosis in mouse tumor tissues.
RESULTS Circ_0003356 and SOCS3 expression was downregulated in GC cells, whilst miR-668-3p was upregulated. Exogenous circ_0003356 expression and miR-668-3p silencing suppressed the migration, viability, proliferation, epithelial to mesenchy-mal transition (EMT) and invasion of GC cells and enhanced apoptosis. Circ_0003356 overexpression impaired tumor growth in xenograft mice. Targeting of miR-668-3p by circ_0003356 was confirmed through binding assays and SOCS3 was identified as a downstream target of miR-668-3p. The impacts of circ_0003356 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and EMT were reversed by miR-668-3p up-regulation or SOCS3 down-regulation in GC cells.
CONCLUSION Circ_0003356 impaired GC development through its interaction with the miR-668-3p/SOCS3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bo-Hao Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Hao Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Yan Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Fen Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China
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Dai ZW, Yu F, Si MY, Wu YJ, Chen X, Fu JQ, Huang YM, Wang H, Xiao WJ, Mi GD, Su XY. [Influencing factors of suicidal ideation among men who have sex with men]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:1296-1300. [PMID: 35981993 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220311-00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation among MSM, and to explore the influence of perceived social support and depression on suicidal ideation and the possible pathway. Methods: MSM who are ≥18 years, HIV-negative, and ever had sex with men (oral sex/anal sex) in the last year participated in is study. Cross-sectional survey and convenient sampling method were used to recruit MSM through a male social interaction platform Blued 7.5 software from December 2020 to March 2021, with a questionnaire survey. Demographic questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Questionnaire and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were employed to collect data. Mplus 8.3 was used for data analysis. Results: Among 1 394 eligible MSM participants, 25.7% (358/1 394) had suicidal ideation. Perceived social support could have a direct effect on suicidal ideation (β=-0.11, P=0.009), and an indirect effect on suicidal ideation through depression (β=-0.18, P<0.001). Conclusions: Suicidal ideation was found to be lower in MSM with a higher level of perceived social support and a lower level of depression. Using social media to improve MSM's perceived social support and reduce depressive symptoms might be an effective means to prevent suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z W Dai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - F Yu
- Danlan Goodness, Beijing 100020, China
| | - M Y Si
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Y J Wu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - X Chen
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - J Q Fu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Y M Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - H Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - W J Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - G D Mi
- Danlan Goodness, Beijing 100020, China
| | - X Y Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Huang YM, Xu M. [Sustainable development roadmap of Chinese antimalarial products]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2022; 34:120-121. [PMID: 35537832 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the first country that has been certified malaria-free in the WHO Western Pacific Region for more than 3 decades, China should share its successful experiences of malaria control and provide globally recognized anti-malaria products by making full uses of its advantages in provision and production capacity of artemisinin raw materials, to fill the gaps of international demands for mosquito nets, rapid diagnostic reagents and antimalarial compounds. Increasing the investment of research and development of antimalarial products, building overseas bases for artemisinin raw material production, establishing international regulatory authority and promoting the local production of antimalarial products are needed to further promote the internationalization of Chinese antimalarial products, so as to achieve the equity and accessibility of Chinese antimalarial products in highburden regions for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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6
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Cleary DFR, Polónia ARM, Huang YM, Putchakarn S, Gomes NCM, de Voogd NJ. A comparison of prokaryote communities inhabiting sponges, bacterial mats, sediment and seawater in Southeast Asian coral reefs. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 95:5601701. [PMID: 31633774 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we used Illumina sequencing to explore the prokaryote communities of 17 demosponge species and how they compare with bacterial mat, sediment and seawater samples (all sampled from coral reef habitat in Taiwan and Thailand). The studied sponge species formed three clusters. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness and evenness were by far highest in the sediment and bacterial mat biotopes. There were pronounced differences in OTU richness and evenness among clusters and also considerable variation among certain host species within clusters. Additionally, the relative abundance of some prokaryotic taxa also differed among clusters with Poribacteria, e.g., being recorded in all sponge species, but with very low relative abundances in species of two of the three clusters. This sponge-associated phylum was, however, recorded at relatively high mean abundance in bacterial mat samples, which also housed relatively high abundances of actinobacterial and Chloroflexi members. Our results support high microbial abundance (HMA) status of the species Aaptos lobata, Hyrtios erectus, Pseudoceratina purpurea and Xestospongia testudinaria and low microbial abundance (LMA) status of the species Acanthella cavernosa, Echinodictyum asperum, Jaspis splendens, Ptilocaulis spiculifer, Stylissa carteri and Suberites diversicolor. Other species (Agelas cavernosa, Agelas nemoechinata, Acanthostylotella cornuta, Paratetilla sp., Hymeniacidon sp. and Haliclona cymaeformis) deviated somewhat from the typical HMA/LMA dichotomy and formed a strongly supported cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F R Cleary
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A R M Polónia
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Y M Huang
- Tropical Island Sustainable Development Research Center, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, 300 Liu-Ho Road, Magong City, Penghu 880, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Recreation, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, 300 Liu-Ho Road, Magong City, Penghu 880, Taiwan
| | - S Putchakarn
- Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| | - N C M Gomes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N J de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine Biodiversity, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Environmental Biology Department, Leiden University, 2333 CC, The Netherlands
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7
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Guo Y, Huang YM, Huang J, Jin YZ, Jiang W, Liu PL, Liu FJ, Ma JX, Ma JY, Wang Y, Xie Z, Yin H, Zhao CS, Zhou SD, Zhang J, Zheng ZJ. [COVID-19 pandemic: global epidemiological trends and China's subsequent preparedness and responses]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:642-647. [PMID: 32164401 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200301-00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread quickly across 114 countries/territories/areas in six continents worldwide and has been announced as a pandemic by WHO. This study analyzed global COVID-19 epidemiological trends, examined impact of the pandemic on global health security, diplomacy, and social environment in China, and provided short- and long-term strategic policy recommendations for China's subsequent preparedness and responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guo
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y M Huang
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Huang
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Z Jin
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - W Jiang
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - P L Liu
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - F J Liu
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J X Ma
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Y Ma
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Wang
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z Xie
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - H Yin
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - C S Zhao
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S D Zhou
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z J Zheng
- Institute for Global Health and School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Cheng CF, Huang YM, Lu CH, Hsieh SC, Li KJ. Prednisolone dose during treatment of tuberculosis might be a risk factor for mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a hospital-based cohort study. Lupus 2019; 28:1699-1704. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203319882759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at high risk of tuberculosis (TB) because of their immunocompromised status and the use of immunosuppressive drugs. In endemic regions, TB complicates the diagnosis and treatment of SLE, but the risk factors of mortality in these patients have not been investigated. In this study, we reviewed medical records during 2006–2016. Patients who fulfilled the 1997 American College of Rheumatology SLE criteria and presented with definite TB were enrolled. The primary outcome was mortality during TB treatment. There were 5388 SLE patients screened, and 30 patients were enrolled. Seven patients died during follow-up. Compared with the survival group, patients in the mortality group had significantly more central nervous system involvement of TB, higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000 scores and more cyclophosphamide use before TB, and higher prednisolone dose before and during TB treatment. Cox regression showed that prednisolone dose during TB treatment was an independent risk factor for mortality (per 10 mg/day increase, hazard ratio (HR) 1.61, p = .019). For SLE patients, prednisolone dose during TB treatment is an independent risk factor for mortality. Keeping prednisolone dose at less than 25 mg per day during TB treatment might be a reasonable strategy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Y M Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - C H Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S C Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K J Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Jiang MJ, Zhang HJ, Li WR, Wu WQ, Huang YM, Xu DM, Qi YY, Qin KY, Zhang L, Zhang JL. Analysis of EEG Lemple-Ziv complexity and correlative aspects before and after treatment of anti-syphilis therapy for neurosyphilis. Neurol Res 2019; 41:199-203. [PMID: 30912484 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1520438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity in patients with neurosyphilis by comparing the changes of electroencephalogram Lempel-Ziv complexity (EEG-LZC) before and after anti-syphilis treatment. Methods The EEG complexity of neurosyphilis patients diagnosed in our hospital from July in 2015 to June in 2017 was analyzed and compared with other diagnostic results such as serology examination and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Results A total of 27 patients were diagnosed, including 19 males and 8 females, of which 6 were mesenchymal(cerebrospinal membrane and meningeal vascular), 16 were parenchymal(paralytic dementia, spinal cord tuberculosis and optic neuropathy), and 5 were asymptomatic. After intensive anti-syphilis therapy, the LZC increased significantly in all patients while the trend and degree of change were consistent with other diagnostic results. Conclusion The LZC can be used as one of the diagnostic indexes meanwhile the trend and degree of its change can be used as the reference index of curative effect to neurosyphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Jiang
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - H J Zhang
- b Department of Urology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - W R Li
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - W Q Wu
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Y M Huang
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - D M Xu
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Y Y Qi
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - K Y Qin
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - L Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - J L Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
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Chen H, Song LM, Liu TR, Zhong JQ, Zhu LF, Yao L, Zhu XX, Zeng M, Liu SF, Huang YM. [Clinical applications of intelligent pressure control flexible ureteroscope for the treatment of renal calculi ≤2 cm]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 56:772-775. [PMID: 30369160 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intelligent pressure control flexible ureteroscope for management of renal stones ≤2 cm. Methods: The clinical data of 267 cases of renal calculi treated with flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy at Department of Urology, Ganzhou People's Hospital from June 2015 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 129 male and 138 female patients, with a mean age of 51.2 years (ranging from 19 to 76 years). Among them, 145 patients underwent intelligent pressure control flexible ureteroscope (intelligent control group) and 122 patients underwent flexible ureteroscope ordinary (ordinary group). The t test, χ2 test or Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. The success rate of stone seeking, the stone free rates, the incidence of complications, the average operation time, the average hospital stay after operation were compared between the two groups. Results: The average mean operative time of the patients with intelligent control group was (26.17 ± 8.64) minutes, significantly shorter than (47.23±18.35) minutes of the ordinary group (t=1.968, P=0.000). The stone free rate of the patients with intelligent control group was 97.2%, it was higher than 86.0% of ordinary group (χ2=0.069, P=0.004). The complication rate of the patients with intelligent control group was 2.7%, which was significantly shorter than 18.0% of the ordinary group (χ2=17.586, P=0.000). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the success rate of stone seeking and postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05). Conclusion: Intelligent controlled pressure ureteral flexible ureteroscope has the advantages of short operation time, high stone free rate and less complications in the treatment of renal calculi ≤2 cm compared with flexible ureteroscope ordinary.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Department of Urology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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11
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Chen L, Wan BL, Zang YZ, Li J, Huang YM. [Clinical analysis of nasal granulomatous capillary hemangioma]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:875-877. [PMID: 29921063 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Jiao HY, Sun YN, Jing XX, Liu J, Jiang L, Li CX, Ye J, Liu F, Huang YM, Zhao WT. [Assessment of Height Prediction Model Based on SNPs Loci]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 34:132-137. [PMID: 29923376 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish a height prediction model of Chinese Han male based on the reported 547 height-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci in Europeans, and assess its accuracy for height estimation. METHODS The DNA typing was analyzed in 59 Han male samples of Shandong province by Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0 chip and HiSeq 4000 sequencing platform. Prediction model was established using 547 height-associated SNPs loci as predictors and weight allele sums (WAS) as computing method. The accuracy of height prediction model was analysed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC). RESULTS There was no height-associated SNPs locus was found by genome-wide association studies. In present study, height prediction model was established by WAS and obtained an AUC of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.53-0.90). CONCLUSIONS It has reference value for predicting the height of Han male in Shandong province by WAS model based on 547 SNPs loci, while it is still necessary to further promote the accuracy of the prediction model by screening more height-associated SNPs loci with population heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Jiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.,Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Y N Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China.,Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - X X Jing
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
| | - L Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
| | - C X Li
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
| | - J Ye
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
| | - F Liu
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y M Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - W T Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, National Engineering Laboratory for Forensic Science, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Crime Scene Evidence Examination, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, PRC, Beijing 100038, China
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Coelho FJRC, Cleary DFR, Gomes NCM, Pólonia ARM, Huang YM, Liu LL, de Voogd NJ. Sponge Prokaryote Communities in Taiwanese Coral Reef and Shallow Hydrothermal Vent Ecosystems. Microb Ecol 2018; 75:239-254. [PMID: 28699015 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, it was believed that the prokaryote communities of typical 'low-microbial abundance' (LMA) or 'non-symbiont harboring' sponges were merely subsets of the prokaryote plankton community. Recent research has, however, shown that these sponges are dominated by particular clades of Proteobacteria or Cyanobacteria. Here, we expand on this research and assess the composition and putative functional profiles of prokaryotic communities from LMA sponges collected in two ecosystems (coral reef and hydrothermal vent) from vicinal islands of Taiwan with distinct physicochemical conditions. Six sponge species identified as Acanthella cavernosa (Bubarida), Echinodictyum asperum, Ptilocaulis spiculifer (Axinellida), Jaspis splendens (Tetractinellida), Stylissa carteri (Scopalinida) and Suberites sp. (Suberitida) were sampled in coral reefs in the Penghu archipelago. One sponge species provisionally identified as Hymeniacidon novo spec. (Suberitida) was sampled in hydrothermal vent habitat. Each sponge was dominated by a limited set of operational taxonomic units which were similar to sequences from organisms previously obtained from other LMA sponges. There was a distinct bacterial community between sponges collected in coral reef and in hydrothermal vents. The putative functional profile revealed that the prokaryote community from sponges collected in hydrothermal vents was significantly enriched for pathways related to DNA replication and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J R C Coelho
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D F R Cleary
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N C M Gomes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A R M Pólonia
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Y M Huang
- Department of Marine Recreation, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Penghu, Taiwan
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - L-L Liu
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - N J de Voogd
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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14
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Huang YM, Wan BL, Zang YZ, Li J. [3 case of pharyngeal cold abscess and literature review]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:1606-1607. [PMID: 29797960 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.20.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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15
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Li JG, Ding Y, Huang YM, Chen WL, Pan LL, Li Y, Chen XL, Chen Y, Wang SY, Wu XN. FAMLF is a target of miR-181b in Burkitt lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5661. [PMID: 28492808 PMCID: PMC5441277 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20175661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is closely
related to the abnormal expression of genes. Familial acute myelogenous leukemia
related factor (FAMLF; GenBank accession No. EF413001.1) is a novel
gene that was cloned by our research group, and miR-181b is located in the intron of
the FAMLF gene. To verify the role of miR-181b and
FAMLF in BL, RNAhybrid software was used to predict target site
of miR-181b on FAMLF and real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) was
used to detect expression of miR-181b and FAMLF in BL patients, Raji
cells and unaffected individuals. miR-181b was then transfected into Raji and CA46
cell lines and FAMLF expression was examined by RQ-PCR and western
blotting. Further, Raji cells viability and proliferation were detected by MTT and
clone formation, and Raji cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.
The results showed that miR-181b can bind to bases 21–42 of the
FAMLF 5′ untranslated region (UTR), FAMLF was
highly expressed and miR-181b was lowly expressed in BL patients compared with
unaffected individuals. FAMLF expression was significantly and
inversely correlated to miR-181b expression, and miR-181b negatively regulated
FAMLF at posttranscriptional and translational levels. A
dual-luciferase reporter gene assay identified that the 5′ UTR of
FAMLF mRNA contained putative binding sites for miR-181b.
Down-regulation of FAMLF by miR-181b arrested cell cycle, inhibited
cell viability and proliferation in a BL cell line model. Our findings explain a new
mechanism of BL pathogenesis and may also have implications in the therapy of
FAMLF-overexpressing BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Li
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Ding
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y M Huang
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - W L Chen
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - L L Pan
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - X L Chen
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Y Chen
- Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - S Y Wang
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - X N Wu
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Song B, Wang LF, Fan XH, Zuo JH, Huang YM. Expression of T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis factor on the occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:289-295. [PMID: 28685528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many studies have found that tumor metastasis-related gene T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-inducing factor 1 (TIAM1) had abnormal high expression in a variety of tumor cells; however, there are few studies regarding its expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to observe the expression of TIAM1 in OSCC and investigated its clinical significance. The expression of TIAM1 in tissues from 120 cases of OSCC and oral mucosa from 40 normal cases was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between the expression of TIAM1 and the clinicopathological parameters of OSCC was analyzed. The positive expression rate of TIAM1 in the OSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal oral mucosa (92.5% vs 0%). With the decrease of histological differentiation of OSCC, the increase of tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and the occurrence of lymph node metastasis, the TIAM1 staining positive rate was gradually increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). However, the expression of TIAM1 in the OSCC tissues was in no correlation with the gender and age of the patients. The expression of TIAM1 is closely related to the occurrence, development and metastasis of OSCC, and it can be used as a new marker for reflecting its biological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - L F Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - X H Fan
- Ophthalmology Dept., Binzhou Peoples Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - J H Zuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Y M Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Zhu WH, Lu CZ, Huang YM, Link H, Xiao BG. A putative mechanism on remission of multiple sclerosis during pregnancy: estrogen-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by dendritic cells. Mult Scler 2016; 13:33-40. [PMID: 17294609 DOI: 10.1177/1352458506071171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The basis for the reduced relapse rate of multiple sclerosis (MS) during pregnancy remains unexplained but, if defined, could create novel treatment options. Estrogen constitutes one candidate molecule, but the mechanism by which estrogen may affect MS during pregnancy is unclear. In this study, we used monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) from MS patients to explore the estrogen (17-b-estradiol)-related pathway of immune modulation. Estrogen induced the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) on DCs, limiting T-cell proliferation and both Th1 and Th2 cytokine production. The suppression of T-cell proliferation mediated by estrogenexposed DCs was partly abolished by the IDO-inhibitor, 1-methyl-dl-tryptophan, indicating that estrogen-exposed DCs induced IDO-dependent T-cell suppression. Our data support the hypothesis that the change in the clinical course of MS observed in pregnancy may be related to the estrogen DC-IDO axis, which could represent a novel target for MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Zhu
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lai CH, Huang YM, Wang CH, Huang JS, Tsai CS, Yeh KY, Lan YJ, Wu TH, Chang PH, Chang YS. Treatment-associated severe thrombocytopenia affects survival rate in esophageal cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Indian J Cancer 2015; 52:454-60. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.176708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li WL, Liu Y, Yu YC, Huang YM, Liang SD, Shi ZD. Prolactin plays a stimulatory role in ovarian follicular development and egg laying in chicken hens. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2011; 41:57-66. [PMID: 21600726 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to show a stimulatory role in ovarian follicle development by prolactin (PRL) in chicken hens. In experiment 1, anti-PRL antibodies were generated in hen plasma by intramuscular administrations of recombinant PRL antigen. Egg laying remained at levels lower (P < 0.05) in the PRL-immunized group than in the BSA-immunized group of hens, whereas development of incubation was depressed in the former but not the latter group. Throughout the experiment, plasma PRL concentrations were lower in the PRL-immunized hens than in non-incubating control hens; LH concentrations were similar between the PRL- and BSA-immunized hens until the end of the experiment when LH was lower in the BSA-immunized hens (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, anti-PRL receptor (PRLR) antibodies were raised in hens with the use of immunizations against recombinant PRLR extracellular domain. Immunization against PRLR initially increased the egg-laying rate when measured under the short photoperiod (12 h) but blocked the laying rate increase that occurred in the BSA-immunized control hens when the photoperiod was extended from 12 to 16 h. The development of incubation behavior was not affected by immunization against PRLR nor was plasma PRL or LH concentration. In experiment 3, when the egg-laying rate was depressed in PRL immunization hens, developmental speed of large white follicles was found to be slower than in the BSA-immunized control hens (P < 0.05). These results indicate that immunization against PRL slows down ovarian follicular development and reduces hen egg-laying performance, suggesting that PRL plays a stimulatory role in ovarian follicular development in chicken hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Li
- Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant changes in autonomic activity occur at sleep-wake transitions and constitute an ideal setting for investigating the modulatory role of the autonomic nervous system on gastric myoelectrical activity (GMA). METHODS Using continuous power spectral analysis of electroencephalogram, electromyogram, and electrogastromyogram (EGMG) data from freely moving rats that had undergone chemical sympathetomy and/or truncal vagotomy, sleep-wake-related fluctuations in GMA were compared among the intervention groups. KEY RESULTS The pattern and extent of fluctuations in EGMG power across the sleep-wake states was blunted most significantly in rats undergoing both chemical sympathectomy and truncal vagotomy. The effect of these interventions also varied with respect to the transition between different sleep-wake states. The most prominent influences were observed between active waking and quiet sleep and between paradoxical sleep and quiet sleep. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The sleep-wake-related fluctuations in EGMG power are a result of joint contributions from both sympathetic and vagal innervation. Vagotomy mainly resulted in a reduction in EGMG power, while the role of sympathetic innervation was unveiled by vagotomy and this was reflected most obviously in the extent of the fluctuations in EGMG power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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Sanna A, Huang YM, Arru G, Fois ML, Link H, Rosati G, Sotgiu S. Multiple sclerosis: reduced proportion of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells expressing BDCA-2 and BDCA-4 and reduced production of IL-6 and IL-10 in response to herpes simplex virus type 1. Mult Scler 2008; 14:1199-207. [PMID: 18653740 DOI: 10.1177/1352458508094401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that autoaggressive immune responses observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) could be associated with an imbalance in proportion of immune cell subsets and in cytokine production in response to infection, including viruses. METHODS We collected blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from 23 patients with MS and 23 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) from the island of Sardinia, Italy, where the prevalence of MS is extraordinarily high. Using flow cytometry, we studied MNC for expression of blood dendritic cell antigens (BDCA)-2 and BDCA-4 surface markers reflecting the proportion of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) that produce type I interferons (IFNs) after virus challenge and promote Th2/anti-inflammtory cytokine production. In parallel, pro-inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-12, IFN-gamma), anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10), and immuno-regulatory/pleiotropic cytokines (type I IFNs including IFN-alpha and beta, IL-6) were measured before and after an in vitro exposure to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). RESULTS The subset of lineage negative (lin(-)), BDCA-2(+) cells was lower in patients with MS compared with HC (0.08 + or - 0.02% vs 0.24 + or - 0.02%; P < 0.001). A similar pattern was observed for lin(-)BDCA-4(+) cells (0.08 + or - 0.02% vs 0.17% + or - 0.03; P < 0.01). Spontaneous productions of IL-6 (45 + or - 10 pg/mL vs 140 + or - 26 pg/mL; P < 0.01) and IL-10 (17 + or - 0.4 pg/mL vs 21 + or - 1 pg/mL; P < 0.05) by MNC were lower in patients with MS compared with HC. Spontaneous production of IL-6 (6.5 + or - 0.15 pg/mL vs 21 + or - 5 pg/mL; P < 0.01 and IL-10 (11 + or - 1 pg/mL vs 14 + or - 3 pg/mL; P < 0.05) by pDC was also lower in patients with MS compared with HC. Exposure of MNC to HSV-1 showed, in both patients with MS and HC, increased production of IFN-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 but decreased production of IL-4. In response to HSV-1 exposure, productions of IL-6 (165 +or - 28 pg/mL vs 325 + or - 35 pg/mL; P < 0.01) and IL-10 (27 +or - 3 vs 33 + or - 3 P < 0.05) by MNC as well as by pDC (IL-6: 28 + or - 7 vs 39 + or - 12 P < 0.05; IL-10: 14 + or - 1 vs 16 + or - 3 P < 0.05) were lower in patients with MS compared with HC. CONCLUSION The results implicate a new evidence for altered immune cells and reduced immune responses in response to viral challenge in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanna
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Huang YM, Shi ZD, Liu Z, Liu Y, Li XW. Endocrine regulations of reproductive seasonality, follicular development and incubation in Magang geese. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 104:344-58. [PMID: 17368765 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the regulatory mechanisms of seasonal breeding, developments of ovarian follicles and incubation in Magang geese, a short day breeding bird. Throughout the year, plasma PRL concentrations increased in non-breeding season in spring and summer (from April to early August), and remained low in the rest of the year, while LH concentrations peaked in August and September and remained low in non-breeding season (March to June). Lengthening photoperiod increased PRL and decreased LH secretions, which inhibited follicular development, terminated lay and induced moulting, while shortening photoperiod decreased PRL and increased LH secretion and reinitiated lay. Long photoperiod stimulated PRL secretion occurred with increased gene expressions of PRL in the pituitary gland and VIP in the hypothalamus, but inhibition of LH secretion was without decreases in gene expressions of LH beta subunit and GnRH. Under breeding conditions, terminating incubation decreased PRL but increased LH concentrations and resumed lay in 24 days following recruitment of about 10 large white follicles into hierarchical development. Plasma concentrations of progesterone and inhibin peaked at peak lay, whereas LH concentrations exhibited a bi-phasic pattern with troughs at peak lay and incubation when PRL concentrations were high. Ninety percent geese exhibited incubation behaviour after laying one clutch of approximately eight eggs in approximately 30 days. In conclusion the seasonal reproductive activities in Magang geese is directly inhibited by long photoperiod and directly stimulated by short photoperiod via PRL and LH secretions, whose interplays also cause occurrences of four to five lay and incubation cycles in the breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Huang YM, Chen RM. Scheduling multiprocessor job with resource and timing constraints using neural networks. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 2008; 29:490-502. [PMID: 18252324 DOI: 10.1109/3477.775265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Hopfield neural network is extensively applied to obtaining an optimal/feasible solution in many different applications such as the traveling salesman problem (TSP), a typical discrete combinatorial problem. Although providing rapid convergence to the solution, TSP frequently converges to a local minimum. Stochastic simulated annealing is a highly effective means of obtaining an optimal solution capable of preventing the local minimum. This important feature is embedded into a Hopfield neural network to derive a new technique, i.e., mean field annealing. This work applies the Hopfield neural network and the normalized mean field annealing technique, respectively, to resolve a multiprocessor problem (known to be a NP-hard problem) with no process migration, constrained times (execution time and deadline) and limited resources. Simulation results demonstrate that the derived energy function works effectively for this class of problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Dept. of Eng. Sci., Nat. Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan
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Liu Z, Shi ZD, Liu Y, Li MY, Huang YM, Yao BH. Molecular cloning and characterisation of the Magang goose prolactin gene. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 155:208-16. [PMID: 17570367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In studying the roles of prolactin in regulation of seasonal reproduction, incubation, broodiness and laying performance in goose, the goose PRL gene was cloned in Magang goose. The goose PRL cDNA shared 98.4%, 92.2%, 92%, and 91.9% sequence homology to duck, turkey, chicken and quail PRLs, respectively. The goose PRL gene consisted of 5 exons and 4 introns, just as in other species. The 5' proximal regulatory region shared high homology with those in other avian species as well, and, apart from other non-specific transcription factor binding sites, contained 2 regulatory element binding sites, a Pit-1 (-130/-122) and a VIP response element (-64/-53). The deduced 199-residue mature goose PRL shared 98.5%, 94%, 93%, and 92% homology to duck, quail, chicken, and turkey PRLs, respectively. When compared with other vertebrates, all residues were found to be highly conserved at the key positions in the 4 conserved domains (PD1-PD4), including the 6 cysteine residues at positions 4, 11, 58, 175, 191, and 199. The only exception was a substitution of Arginine by Histidine at position 176 in the mature PRL peptide. These findings render goose PRL as having a similar hydropathy profile and similar secondary and tertiary structures with other PRLs. Goose PRL also possesses an N-linked glycosylation site (Asn-X-Ser), at position 6, and an alternative glycosylation site (Asn-Gly-Cys), at position 56. Five PRL isoforms were detected in goose, as well as in chicken pituitary glands, by immunoblotting analysis. Results of this study not only provided a starting point for further study of PRL function, synthesis, and secretion in goose species, but also for breeding new goose lines efficiently using the genomic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Liu
- Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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25
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Shi ZD, Huang YM, Liu Z, Liu Y, Li XW, Proudman JA, Yu RC. Seasonal and photoperiodic regulation of secretion of hormones associated with reproduction in Magang goose ganders. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2007; 32:190-200. [PMID: 16626919 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2006] [Revised: 03/05/2006] [Accepted: 03/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the reproductive endocrine profile under natural and artificial photoperiods in Magang goose ganders. Group 1 ganders (n=8) served as non-treated controls and were exposed to natural photoperiod throughout the experiment from 13th January to 17th December 2004. Group 2 ganders (n=8) were exposed to 18 h long daily photoperiod for 60 days from 13 January till 15 March 2004 and again to 16 h photoperiod for 75 days till 10th October 2004, and the 11h short photoperiod in the remainder periods of the experiment. In control ganders, plasma LH concentrations were high in normal breeding seasons (August-March) and decreased to low levels in non-breeding season from April to July. Testosterone concentrations changed similarly to that of LH throughout the seasons. Seasonal pattern of PRL concentrations was opposite to those of LH and testosterone, with low values in breeding season and high values in non-breeding season. In artificial photoperiod treated ganders, increasing photoperiod increased PRL and decreased LH and testosterone concentrations, while decreasing photoperiod reversed these changes. There were no seasonal or photoperiod caused changes in plasma T3 concentrations in both control ganders and artificial photoperiod treated ganders. These results demonstrated that in Magang goose ganders that long photoperiod stimulates PRL secretion and decreases LH secretion, which terminates reproductive season in spring and early summer, and short photoperiod stimulates LH secretion and inhibits PRL secretion rendering ganders enter into reproductive season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z D Shi
- Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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Huang YM, Adikari S, Båve U, Sanna A, Alm G. Multiple sclerosis: interferon-beta induces CD123(+)BDCA2- dendritic cells that produce IL-6 and IL-10 and have no enhanced type I interferon production. J Neuroimmunol 2005; 158:204-12. [PMID: 15589055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2004] [Revised: 08/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-beta (IFN-beta), an approved drug for multiple sclerosis (MS), acts on dendritic cells (DC) by suppressing IL-12p40 and increasing IL-10. This results in Th2-biased immune responses. The nature of IFN-beta-modulated DC remains elusive. Previously, we observed that IFN-beta dose dependently induces expression of CD123, i.e., a classical marker for plasmacytoid DC, on human blood monocyte-derived myeloid DC. Such IFN-beta-modulated DCs produce predominantly IL-10 but are IL-12 deficient, with potent Th2 promotion. In the present study, we further characterize IFN-beta-modulated DC by using recently identified blood DC antigens (BDCA), and investigate their ability to produce type I IFN in response to virus stimulation. We show that IFN-beta induces development of CD123+ DC from human blood monocytes, which coexpress BDCA4+ but are negative for BDCA2-, a specific marker for plasmacytoid DC. Such IFN-beta-modulated DC can produce IL-6 and IL-10 but not IL-12p40, and have no enhanced IFN-alpha and IFN-beta production. The findings indicate that IFN-beta-modulated DCs represent a myeloid DC subset with diminished CD11c, BDCA-1 and CD1a expression. They may promote Th2 and B cell differentiation through IL-6 and IL-10 production, and suppression of IL-12p40, but they have no enhanced antiviral capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Karolinska Institute, Alfred Nobels allé 10, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Link
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Huang TY, Huang YM, Wang XL, Li XM, Zhang ZX, Wang SQ, Wang GZ, Pan B, Huang Z, Fu WZ, Liu H, Gao Q, Zhang S, Shang L, Xu G, Sheng Y, Liu T, Li P, Zeng F, Che Y. [Investigation on genotype constitution of different Plasmodium vivax isolates and its geographical distribution in China]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 19:260-4. [PMID: 12572034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the population constitution and geographical distribution of Plasmodium vivax in China using molecular technique. METHODS Blood-spot filter paper samples with related epidemiological data were collected from vivax malaria patients living in malarious area of 10 provinces (autonomous region) in China. Semi-nested- or nested-allelic-specific PCR genotyping method was used to identify CSP genotypes, families and types of Plasmodium vivax of each isolate from these patients. RESULTS Of 384 field isolates of Plasmodium vivax, 258 temperate zone family strains were identified, including 14 allelic variant genotypes spreading among 10 sampling provinces; allelic variants sized less than 731 bp were only seen in 5 provinces in southern China; 79 tropical zone family strains including 5 genotypes were also distributed in 5 provinces of southern China south to 25 degrees N. lat; and 14 PV Type-2 strains including 2 genotypes were found in some areas of Hainan and Yunnan Provinces. In addition, 33 isolates from genotype-mixed infections were revealed. CONCLUSION At present, area north to 25 degrees N. lat. of the country is the sole area prevalent for Plasmodium vivax family strains of temperate zone; there is overlapping distribution of P. v. of temperate zone family and tropical zone family of this parasite in the southern China south to 25 degrees N. lat; where the most complex isolate constitution is in Yunnan and Hainan Provinces, and PV Type-2 strains have been found in some areas of the two provinces. Besides, there were 2 groups of genotype with distinct geographic distribution feature within the temperate zone family.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Guiyang 550001
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Huang TY, Wang XL, Li XM, Huang YM, Zeng FX, Che Y, Zhang SM, Fu WZ, Zhang ZX, Zhang GS, Cai XZ, Wang SQ, Wang GZ. [Studies on identification of circumsporozoite protein genotyping of Plasmodium vivax]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 18:272-6. [PMID: 12567633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a new method of genotyping circumsporozoite protein (CSP) gene for identification of field isolates of Plasmodium vivax. METHODS Improved Chelex-100 ion-exchange method was used to extract DNA from blood filter paper samples, nested PCR and allele-specific PCR techniques, agarose gel electrophoresis analysis and dot/southern blotting-probe hybridization were employed for amplification, resolution and identification of the diagnostic fragments. RESULTS Using the nest-allele-specific PCR assay reported here, small amounts of DNA extracted from a piece of blood filter paper sample were amplified which produced three different size ranges of diagnostic bands: 650-770 bp PV-species-specific band, 170-230 bp diagnostic band for temperate zone family and 588 bp band for PV type-2. The sizes and patterns of the bands produced by the reference strains were consistent with those of designed target sequences. Of 59 examined isolates from 6 provinces of China, 42 temperate zone family strains, 15 tropical zone family strains and two PV type-2 strains were identified. CONCLUSION 1, Three genotype strains of P. vivax mentioned above could be identified by this method with only two rounds of PCR and without probe hybridization. 2, The preliminary results showed that PV type-1 including temperate zone family strains and tropical zone family strains as well as PV type-2 strains are present in China. In addition, another CSP genotype with both sequence characteristics of temperate zone and tropical zone family might also be present in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Huang
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Guiyang 550001
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Dymarkowski S, Szilard M, Maes A, Liu XS, Huang YM, Verbeken E, Mortelmans L, Bogaert J, De Scheerder I. Assessment of myocardial viability in a porcine model of chronic coronary artery stenosis with dual dose dobutamine magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2003; 19:63-72. [PMID: 12602484 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021781205016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In a non-surgical porcine coronary stenosis model resulting in chronic left ventricle dysfunction, we aimed in this study to evaluate the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to distinguish dysfunctional but viable from necrotic myocardium by using multiple levels of dobutamine inotropic stimulation during a cine MRI protocol (F.P. van Rugge et al. Circulation 1994; 90: 127-138). We compared our results with histopathology. We were able to demonstrate a biphasic effect at increasing doses of dobutamine in a subgroup of animals with a high-grade coronary stenosis, while in another subgroup the coronary stenosis produced a chronic myocardial infarction, in which no functional recovery could be obtained. In this experimental protocol, dual dose dobutamine MRI proved to be an accurate and reproducible technique to perform viability studies in chronic obstructive coronary artery disease. It permits distinguishing chronic ischemic, but viable myocardium from infarcted tissue. The detection of chronically underperfused but potentially salvageable myocardium is of significant clinical importance since it may aid in determining which patients are eligible for revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dymarkowski
- Department of Radiology, MR Research Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Belgium.
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31
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Sylvain I, Zerrouki R, Granet R, Huang YM, Lagorce JF, Guilloton M, Blais JC, Krausz P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thioglycosylated porphyrins for an application in photodynamic therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:57-69. [PMID: 11738607 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is the synthesis of a new family of glycosylated porphyrins in which the sugar moieties are linked to the tetrapyrrole ring by a thioglycosidic bond. Two series have been designed. The first one corresponds to meso-aryl porphyrin derivatives. The second one has been obtained from protoporphyrin IX derivatization. Aryl-porphyrins were prepared from tristolyl o- and p-hydroxyporphyrins followed by bromoallylation and thioglycosylation with peracetylated S-glucose, mannose and galactose and deprotection. The other series has been synthesized from protoporphyrin IX dimethylester with a regioselective glycosylation of terminal alkenyl carbon. The UV-visible, NMR and MALDI mass spectra are presented. Photocytotoxicities of the synthesized compounds against K562 chronic leukaemia cell line has been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sylvain
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, F-87060, Limoges, France
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Abstract
Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copolymer 1; Copaxone) and interferon-beta (IFN-beta) modulate the course of multiple sclerosis (MS), but probably by different mechanisms. GA, a mixture of synthetic peptides, is believed to act as an altered peptide ligand with inhibitory effects on autoreactive T cells and promoting Th2 cells. It is unknown whether GA affects dendritic cells (DCs), which, besides strong antigen presenting capacity, orchestrate Th1 and Th2 responses. IFN-beta inhibits IL-12 production by DCs over unknown mechanisms. This study was designed to investigate in vitro effects of GA and IFN-beta on the development and function of DCs from MS patients and healthy controls, and to explore their possible synergistic effects on DCs. DCs were generated from adherent blood mononuclear cells (MNCs). GA or IFN-beta or both, when added at initiation of DC cultures, rapidly promoted the development of adherent MNCs into floating, activated DCs as reflected by up-regulation of HLA-DR and CD86 expression. IFN-beta, but not GA, induced IL-3R expression on DCs. Compared to DCs from healthy controls, MS patients' DCs expressed higher levels of the myeloid DC marker CD1a and produced lower amounts of IL-10. GA reduced IL-12 production by DCs. IFN-beta also reduced IL-12, but increased IL-10 production by DCs from both MS patients and healthy controls. GA and IFN-beta synergistically suppressed CD1a and enhanced CD86 expression on MS DCs. These findings document novel mechanisms of action of GA and IFN-beta at the DC level in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hussien
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
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Huang YM, Hassam AB. Velocity shear stabilization of centrifugally confined plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:235002. [PMID: 11736455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.235002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A magnetized, centrifugally confined plasma is subjected to a 3D MHD stability test. Ordinarily, the system is expected to be grossly unstable to "flute" interchanges of field lines. Numerical simulation shows though that the system is stable on account of velocity shear. This allows consideration of a magnetically confined plasma for thermonuclear fusion that has a particularly simple coil configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Institute for Plasma Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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34
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Abstract
IFN-beta may modify the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) but is not curative, and there are also patients whose disease does not respond to IFN-beta as currently administered. Tests are warranted with a capacity to early discriminate responders from non-responders, thereby altering treatment option for the individual patient. In vitro effects of IFN-beta on expression of activation-associated cell surface markers and cytokine production need to be explored in this context. Here we report on the influence in vitro of IFN-beta on blood mononuclear cells (MNC) prepared from MS patients and healthy controls. MNC were subjected to short-term culture in the presence of IFN-beta at concentrations of 100 U/ml and 1000 U/ml. Expression of cell surface molecules CD40, CD69, CD80, CD86, CD95 and HLA-DR was measured by flow cytometry. IL-10 and IL-12 p40 production in culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. MNC exposed to IFN-beta in vitro enhanced expression of the co-stimulatory CD80, CD86, the early activation antigen CD69 and the cell death receptor CD95. Expression of CD40 and HLA-DR was not influenced. IFN-beta increased IL-10 but suppressed IL-12 p40 production. In vitro effects of IFN-beta on MNC were similar in MS patients and in healthy subjects, except that IFN-beta-induced augmentation of CD86 and CD69 expression was less pronounced in MS, in particular in untreated MS patients. Individual MS patients clearly responded differently to IFN-beta in vitro in comparison with the majority of patients in this cross-sectional study. In conclusion, anti-inflammatory effects of IFN-beta on blood MNC include augmentation of IL-10 production and suppression of IL-12 p40 production, which are accompanied by enhancement of CD69, CD80, CD86 and CD95 expression. The less pronounced IFN-beta-induced effects on CD86 and CD69 expression in MS vs controls might reflect a defect in immunoregulation in MS. Larger groups should be evaluated, and follow-up studies performed in MS patients before/during IFN-beta treatment in relation to clinical outcome measures to evaluate the usefulness of these markers for possible differentiation between responders and non-responders to IFN-beta treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Kouwenhoven M, Ozenci V, Teleshova N, Hussein Y, Huang YM, Eusebio A, Link H. Enzyme-linked immunospot assays provide a sensitive tool for detection of cytokine secretion by monocytes. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8:1248-57. [PMID: 11687471 PMCID: PMC96257 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.8.6.1248-1257.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Blood monocytes as well as tissue-differentiated macrophages play a pivotal role in controlling immune reactions. Monocytes regulate the extent, nature, and duration of immune responses by secretion of cytokines. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-10, and IL-12 are of particular interest, since IL-12 shifts the immune response towards a Th1 type, facilitating the production of, e.g., TNF-alpha and IL-6, while IL-10 counteracts Th1 responses and promotes the production of Th2-related cytokines such as IL-4. A tight regulation of these four cytokines keeps the balance and decides whether Th1 or Th2 will predominate in immune reactions. Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays are among the most-sensitive and -specific methods available for cytokine research. They permit ex vivo identification of individual cells actively secreting cytokines. In the present study we prepared monocytes from healthy subjects' blood and adapted ELISPOT assays to define optimal conditions to detect and enumerate monocytes secreting IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-12. The optimal time for monocyte incubation was 24 h, and optimal monocyte numbers (in cells per well) were 2,000 for IL-6, 1,000 for TNF-alpha, 50,000 for IL-10, and 100,000 for enumeration of IL-12 secreting monocytes. Among healthy subjects, 10% +/- 5% of the monocytes secreted IL-6, 12% +/- 12% secreted TNF-alpha, 0.1% +/- 0.1% secreted IL-10, and 0.2% +/- 0.3% secreted IL-12 (values are means +/- standard deviations). In conclusion, ELISPOT assays constitute a valuable tool to enumerate monocytes secreting IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-12 and probably to enumerate monocytes secreting other cytokines and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kouwenhoven
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Xiao BG, Huang YM, Yang JS, Xu LY, Link H. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induce immune tolerance to EAE in Lewis rats. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 125:300-9. [PMID: 11529923 PMCID: PMC1906114 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that dendritic cells (DC), upon being pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86) and injected subcutaneously (s.c.) back to healthy Lewis rats, transfer immune tolerance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with MBP 68-86 and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). We here assumed that DC become pulsed in EAE rats, and that expansion in vitro of such 'in vivo pulsed EAE-DC' might also have the capacity to induce immune tolerance to EAE, thereby eliminating the need for in vitro pulsing of DC with autoantigens which are still unknown in many autoimmune diseases in the human. In the present study, EAE-DC were generated from bone marrow of Lewis rats, with EAE induced with MBP 68-86 + FCA, and expanded in vitro by culture with GM-CSF and IL-4. In comparison with DC from normal rats, EAE-DC exhibited higher viability in the absence of growth factors, and presented specific antigen to naïve T cells in vitro. The DC derived from both EAE and healthy rats stimulated strong proliferation in an antigen-independent manner, lasting for 4 weeks after DC were s.c. injected into healthy rats. During this time, injection of EAE-DC did not induce clinical EAE. However, when these rats were immunized with MBP 68-86 + FCA, subsequent EAE was dramatically suppressed, and was associated with increased IFN-gamma expression, nitric oxide production, gradually reduced proliferation and cell apoptosis, compared with PBS-injected control EAE rats. LPS-treated DC did not induce tolerance, suggesting that the tolerance is mediated by an immature stage of DC. These observations support the hypothesis that EAE-DC can transfer immune tolerance to EAE, thereby omitting the step of characterizing specific autoantigen. Omitting the step of loading DC with antigen not only eliminates the extremely complex procedure of defining pathogenically-relevant autoantigens, but also avoids the risk of inducing immunogenicity of DC in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Xiao
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Huang YM, Stoyanova N, Jin YP, Teleshova N, Hussien Y, Xiao BG, Fredrikson S, Link H. Altered phenotype and function of blood dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis are modulated by IFN-beta and IL-10. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 124:306-14. [PMID: 11422209 PMCID: PMC1906056 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is assumed to result from autoaggressive T cell-mediated immune responses, in which T helper type 1 (Th1) cells producing cytokines, e.g. IFN-gamma and lymphotoxin promote damage of oligodendrocyte-myelin units. Dendritic cells (DCs) as potent antigen presenting cells initiate and orchestrate immune responses. Whether phenotype and function of DCs with respect to Th1 cell promotion are altered in MS, are not known. This study revealed that blood-derived DCs from MS patients expressed low levels of the costimulatory molecule CD86. In addition, production of IFN-gamma by blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) was strongly enhanced by DCs derived from MS patients. IFN-beta and IL-10 inhibited the costimulatory capacity of DCs in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and showed additive effects on suppression of IL-12 production by DCs. Correspondingly, DCs pretreated with IFN-beta and IL-10 significantly suppressed IFN-gamma production by MNCs. IFN-beta in vitro also upregulated CD80 and, in particular, CD86 expression on DCs. In vitro, anti-CD80 antibody remarkably increased, while anti-CD86 antibody inhibited DC-induced IL-4 production in MLR. We conclude that DC phenotype and function are altered in MS, implying Th1-biased responses with enhanced capacity to induce Th1 cytokine production. In vitro modification of MS patients' DCs by IFN-beta and IL-10 could represent a novel way of immunomodulation and of possible usefulness for future immunotherapy of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Li HL, Kostulas N, Huang YM, Xiao BG, van der Meide P, Kostulas V, Giedraitas V, Link H. IL-17 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression is increased in the brain and systemically after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. J Neuroimmunol 2001; 116:5-14. [PMID: 11311324 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Brain ischemia is characterized by local inflammation reflected by accumulation of inflammatory cells and a multitude of mediators. Among them, cytokines and chemokines may influence the inflammatory cascade that follows cerebral ischemia. Here we report on brain hemispheric and systemic increase of pro-inflammatory IL-17 and IFN-gamma, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, and the chemokines IP-10, IL-8 and MIP-2, 1 h to 6 days after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). IL-17 and IFN-gamma mRNA levels were elevated in the ischemic hemispheres of pMCAO-operated rats compared with corresponding hemispheres of sham-operated rats. Levels were slightly elevated at 1 h, and peaked at 6 days after pMCAO. IL-8 and MIP-2 levels in the ischemic hemispheres peaked at 24 h, whereas IP-10 showed a biphasic profile with two peaks at 6 h and 6 days after pMCAO. IL-4 peaked in the ischemic hemispheres at 6 h, when IL-10 levels were lower than in sham-operated rats, and IL-10 levels peaked at 2 days after pMCAO. Systemically, the numbers of IL-17 and IFN-gamma mRNA expressing blood mononuclear cells were elevated already at 1 h after pMCAO, preceding the changes in the ischemic hemispheres. Altered levels of IL-17 and IFN-gamma after pMCAO may affect outcome of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Li
- Neuro-Angiological Research Center, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Huang YM, Kouwenhoven M, Jin YP, Press R, Huang WX, Link H. Dendritic cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis show high CD1a and low CD86 expression. Mult Scler 2001; 7:95-9. [PMID: 11424638 DOI: 10.1177/135245850100700204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are important antigen presenting cells (APC) and play a major role in initiating and orchestrating immune responses by priming T cells. Little is known about involvement of DC in multiple sclerosis (MS), where auto-aggressive T cells against myelin autoantigens are considered to contribute to inflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system. In this study, we compared phenotype and cytokine secretion of DC from patients with MS, other neurological diseases (OND) and healthy subjects. DC were generated from blood adherent mononuclear cells (MNC) by culture for 7 days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). The yield and morphology of DC were similar in MS patients and controls. In both, the DC phenotype was that of immature myeloid lineage, comprising CD1a+ and CD11c+. The proportion of CD1a+ DC, being important for presentation of lipid antigens to T cells, was higher in MS patients compared to controls. The proportion of CD86+ DC, a co-stimulatory molecule that is assumed to promote Th2 differentiation, was low in MS. Low proportions of CD86+ DC were only observed in untreated MS patients but not in patients treated with IFN-beta. Production of IL-10 and IL-12 p40 by DC did not differ in MS patients and controls. These findings indicate that alterations of functionally important surface molecules on DC are associated with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Abstract
Suppression of interleukin 12 (IL-12) production by dendritic cells (DCs) has been hypothesized to be a principal mechanism underlying the biological action of interferon (IFN)-beta used for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with possible autoimmune origin. How IFN-beta interacts with DCs to inhibit IL-12 production remains unclear. In this study, we found that DCs derived from human blood monocytes, upon culture in the presence of IFN-beta with granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4, differentiated into a population expressing CD14- CD1a- HLA-DR+. This population expressed CD123 (IL-3Ralpha). IFN-beta dose-dependently increased IL-3Ralpha+ DCs and decreased CD1a+ DCs. After 7 days' culture with IFN-beta at a concentration of 10 000 U/ml, more than 40% of DCs expressed IL-3Ralpha. IFN-beta, together with GM-CSF and IL-4, also induced maturation of IL-3Ralpha-expressing cells, as reflected by upregulation of HLA-DR and of the costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86. In contrast to control DCs, IFN-beta-treated DCs produced predominantly IL-10 but only low levels of IL-12p40. Correspondingly, IFN-beta-treated DCs strongly suppressed IFN-gamma production but enhanced IL-10 production by allogeneic blood mononuclear cells. Our data suggest that IFN-beta in vitro can induce the development of DC2, which provide a permissive environment for Th2 differentiation. This finding represents a novel mechanism for action of IFN-beta in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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41
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Abstract
Little is known about the presence of dendritic cells in the human CNS. To investigate the occurrence of dendritic cells in the CSF, paired blood/CSF samples from patients with multiple sclerosis, acute optic neuritis, Lyme neuroborreliosis, other inflammatory neurological diseases and non-inflammatory neurological diseases were examined using flow cytometry. Almost all CSF samples contained myeloid (lin-CD11c+HLA-DR++CD123(dim)) and plasmacytoid (lin-CD11c-HLA-DR+CD123(high)) dendritic cells. In non-inflammatory neurological diseases, dendritic cells of either subset only constituted up to 1% of CSF mononuclear cells. Myeloid CSF dendritic cells were elevated in optic neuritis, neuroborreliosis and other inflammatory neurological disorders, while plasmacytoid dendritic cells were elevated in all neuroinflammatory conditions studied, with especially high numbers in neuroborreliosis. Numbers of CSF dendritic cells correlated with the common parameters of CNS inflammation. The myeloid dendritic cells in CSF expressed higher levels of HLA-DR, CD86, CD80 and CD40 than those in blood, whereas expression of these molecules by plasmacytoid dendritic cells was equal in blood and CSF. Both CSF and blood dendritic cells expressed the chemokine receptor CCR5. This is the first demonstration that dendritic cells are present in human CSF and that plasmacytoid dendritic cells are present in a non-lymphoid compartment. Myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in CSF may contribute to orchestration of the local immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pashenkov
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, R54, SE-14186 Huddinge, Sweden.
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42
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Link H, Huang YM, Masterman T, Xiao BG. Vaccination with autologous dendritic cells: from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis to multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2001; 114:1-7. [PMID: 11240009 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are characterized by the loss of tolerance to self-determinants, activation of autoreactive lymphocytes and subsequent damage to single or multiple organs. The mechanisms by which autoimmune responses are triggered, and how activation of autoreactive lymphocytes is initiated and maintained, are not fully understood. Therapeutic approaches in autoimmune diseases have so far concentrated on antigens and T cells. Given the exceptional capacity of dendritic cells (DCs) to induce immunity in vivo, recent reports of the first successful clinical trials based on vaccination of tumor patients with autologous blood DCs pulsed in vitro with tumor antigen come as no surprise. The recent identification of tolerogenic subsets of DCs and their generation in culture may allow a novel approach to induce tolerance in autoimmune diseases. By selective in vitro manipulation of DCs and their subsequent reinfusion, DC-mediated tolerance has been achieved in animal models of human autoimmune diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats and SJL/J mice and spontaneous diabetes in NOD mice. In vitro observations of human blood DCs are promising for DC-based treatment of MS and other diseases with an autoimmune component. Data from animal models and human materials suggest that DC-based immunotherapy could be beneficial at least as a complement to conventional therapy. Molecular-biological approaches to tolerogenic DCs could provide a rationale for designing immunotherapeutic strategies in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Link
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, S-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Russo-Neustadt AA, Beard RC, Huang YM, Cotman CW. Physical activity and antidepressant treatment potentiate the expression of specific brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 2001; 101:305-12. [PMID: 11074154 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the most abundant of the neurotrophins in the brain, enhances the growth and maintenance of several neuronal systems, serves as a neurotransmitter modulator, and participates in use-dependent plasticity mechanisms such as long-term potentiation and learning. In recent years, evidence has been gathering that brain-derived neurotrophic factor may have an important role in the neuropathology and treatment of depression. It has recently been reported that chronic (at least two weeks) antidepressant treatment leads to an up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA levels in the hippocampus, an important brain area for behavioral regulation, as well as learning and memory. Our laboratory has previously shown that general physical exercise very rapidly increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA in this brain area. In this report, we have tested the hypothesis that the combination of these two interventions, general physical activity and antidepressant treatment, leads to increased levels of specific promoter-derived transcripts of brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger RNA in a manner that appears to be both additive and accelerated. Our results suggest that these two very different interventions may possibly converge at the cellular level. The induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression by activity/pharmacological treatment combinations could represent an important intervention for further study, to potentially improve depression treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Russo-Neustadt
- Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
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44
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Huang YM, Yang JS, Xu LY, Link H, Xiao BG. Autoantigen-pulsed dendritic cells induce tolerance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 122:437-44. [PMID: 11122252 PMCID: PMC1905816 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) can modulate the nature of immune responses in a stimulatory or tolerogenic fashion. Great attention has been given to the induction of immunity to tumour and infection. In this study, bone marrow-derived DC from healthy Lewis rats were pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86), and injected subcutaneously (1 x 106/rat) into normal Lewis rats. Upon observation of the rats pretreated in this way for 4 weeks, when no clinical signs of EAE occurred, these rats were immunized with MBP 68-86 and Freund's complete adjuvant. The pretreated rats failed to develop clinical EAE. This tolerance was associated with augmented proliferative responses, interferon-gamma secretion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production. The frequency of apoptotic cells was increased in the rats receiving MBP 68-86-pulsed DC compared with unpulsed control DC. Few infiltrating inflammatory cells were observed in spinal cord sections from rats that had received MBP 68-86-pulsed DC. The data are compatible with the interpretation that MBP 68-86-pulsed DC induce tolerance to EAE possibly through up-regulation of iNOS expression and NO production, which mediate cell apoptosis, thereby reducing infiltration of inflammatory cells within the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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45
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Yang JS, Xu LY, Huang YM, Van Der Meide PH, Link H, Xiao BG. Adherent dendritic cells expressing high levels of interleukin-10 and low levels of interleukin-12 induce antigen-specific tolerance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunology 2000; 101:397-403. [PMID: 11106944 PMCID: PMC2327087 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that tolerance can be induced against acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) that have been pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86), and injected subcutaneously into healthy rats prior to immunization with MBP 68-86 plus complete Freund's adjuvant. To elucidate better the properties of tolerogenic DC, we here compared plastic-adherent DC with floating, non-adherent DC, which were cultured for 7 days in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin-4 (IL-4). Adherent DC expressed high levels of IL-10 mRNA and protein, and low levels of IL-12 mRNA and showed high expression of CD54 compared with floating DC. Proliferation, nitrite concentration and capacity for antigen presentation were lower in adherent DC than in floating DC. There were no differences between adherent and floating DC regarding expression of CD11c, OX62, major histocompatibility complex class II, CD80, or CD86. Most importantly, we observed that adherent DC induced tolerance to EAE in vivo when injected subcutaneously into Lewis rats prior to immunization, while floating DC did not. Adherent DC-mediated tolerance to EAE was associated with augmented proliferation, nitric oxide production and frequency of apoptotic cells as well as with up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) -expressing cells in T-cell areas of lymph nodes. Tolerance induction by adherent DC seems to be related to a nitric oxide-apoptosis pathway and to up-regulation of TGF-beta-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Pashenkov M, Kouwenhoven MC, Ozenci V, Huang YM. Phenotypes and cytokine profiles of enriched blood dendritic cells in healthy individuals. Eur Cytokine Netw 2000; 11:456-63. [PMID: 11022132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are highly specialized for initiating adaptive immune responses and are capable of producing a wide variety of cytokines. However, cytokine profiles of the DC naturally present in human blood have received relatively little attention. The objective of this study was to investigate expression of surface markers and cytokines by blood DC not subjected to prolonged culture and/or polyclonal activation, to identify surface phenotypes of cytokine-expressing DC and to evaluate sex and age differences in cytokine profiles of DC. For this purpose, DC were enriched from blood of healthy donors by the use of the adherence method, and expression of surface molecules and intracellular IFN-g, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-15 was studied by flow cytometry. Enriched blood DC expressed higher levels of IFN-g, IL-12 and IL-15, compared to whole mononuclear cells (MNC) incubated for the same time. Expression of IFN-g and IL-12 was confined to the mature CD83+CD11c+ DC subset. Enriched DC from females' blood displayed higher levels of CD80, IL-10 and IL-15. Taken together, enriched blood DC spontaneously express larger amounts of IFN-g, IL-12 and IL-15 than MNC. Sex differences in expression of CD80, IL-10 and IL-15 may have a modulatory influence on immune responses in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pashenkov
- Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital R54, SE-14186 Huddinge, Sweden.
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47
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Xu LY, Yang JS, Huang YM, Levi M, Link H, Xiao BG. Combined nasal administration of encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 and IL-10 suppressed incipient experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. Clin Immunol 2000; 96:205-11. [PMID: 10964538 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2000.4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal administration of low doses of myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86) or anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 effectively prevented experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), but failed to suppress the disease if given after 7 days postimmunization (p.i.), i.e., after T cell priming had occurred. We anticipated that combined administration of autoantigen and IL-10 can treat incipient EAE. Lewis rats with EAE actively induced with MBP 68-86 and complete Freund's adjuvant received 120 microg MBP 68-86 + 200 ng IL-10 per rat per day from day 7 p.i. and for 5 consecutive days. These rats showed later onset, lower clinical scores, less body weight loss, and shorter duration of EAE than rats receiving MBP 68-86 or IL-10 only or PBS. EAE amelioration was associated with decreased infiltration of ED1(+) macrophages and CD4(+) T cells within the central nervous system and with decreased proliferative responses of lymph node cells, indicating that combined administration of MBP 68-86 and IL-10 induced immune hyporesponsiveness. IFN-gamma secretion as well as IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10 mRNA expression by lymph node MNC was down-regulated in the treated rats. Immune hyporesponsiveness, rather than immune deviation or regulatory mechanisms, seems to be responsible for the protection of EAE after autoantigen + IL-10 administration by the nasal route.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antigens/pharmacology
- Cytokines/genetics
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-10/administration & dosage
- Interleukin-10/therapeutic use
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Monocytes/chemistry
- Myelin Basic Protein/administration & dosage
- Myelin Basic Protein/therapeutic use
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Experimental Neurobiology Unit and Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Abstract
The cytokine IL-12 promotes Th(1)type immune responses and plays a key role in immune regulation. The complex nature of IL-12 hampered its detection without use of stimulants that might give less relevant information. To detect circulating IL-12 p40, we developed enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays that allow enumeration of IL-12 p40 secreting cells without prior in vitro stimulation of the cells. In parallel, intracellular staining of IL-12 p40 by flow cytometry was performed to compare the two methods. IL-12 p40 secreting cells were detected in healthy subjects at a mean number of 103+/-155 per 10(5)blood mononuclear cells (MNC). Numbers of IL-12 p40 secreting blood MNC correlated with IL-12 p40 positive blood MNC detected by flow cytometry. Bacterial endotoxins and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma control IL-12 production by antigen presenting cells. Utilizing IL-12 p40 ELISPOT assays, we could confirm occurrence of elevated numbers of IL-12 p40 secreting blood MNC after stimulation with TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, LPS, LPS+TNF-alpha or LPS+IFN-gamma, compared to cultures without stimulant. Due to its central role in inflammation and autoimmunity, IL-12 is an attractive target for immunotherapy. IL-12 p40 ELISPOT assays represent a sensitive, specific and reliable tool for investigating the role of IL-12 in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ozenci
- Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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49
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Xu LY, Huang YM, Yang JS, Van Der Meide PH, Link H, Xiao BG. Suppression of ongoing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats: synergistic effects of myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide 68-86 and IL-4. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 120:526-31. [PMID: 10844533 PMCID: PMC1905554 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01233.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal myelin autoantigen administration effectively prevented EAE, but mostly failed to treat ongoing EAE. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), for which EAE is considered an animal model, did not benefit from oral treatment with bovine myelin. We anticipated that autoantigen, administered together with a cytokine that counteracts Th1 cell responses, might ameliorate Th1-driven autoimmune disease, and that nasal administration might considerably reduce the amounts of antigen + cytokine needed for treatment purposes. Lewis rats with EAE actively induced with myelin basic protein peptide (MBP 68-86) and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), received from day 7 post-immunization, i.e. after T cell priming had occurred, 120 microg MBP 68-86 + 100 ng IL-4 per rat per day for 5 consecutive days. These rats showed later onset, lower clinical scores, less body weight loss and shorter EAE duration compared with rats receiving MBP 68-86 or IL-4 only, or PBS. EAE amelioration was associated with decreased infiltration of ED1+ macrophages and CD4+ T cells within the central nervous system, and with decreased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and enhanced IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) responses by lymph node cells. Simultaneous administration of encephalitogenic peptide + IL-4 by the nasal route thus suppressed ongoing EAE and induced IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-beta-related regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Units of Experimental Neurobiology and Neuroimmunology, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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50
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Ozenci V, Kouwenhoven M, Huang YM, Kivisäkk P, Link H. Multiple sclerosis is associated with an imbalance between tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)- and IL-10-secreting blood cells that is corrected by interferon-beta (IFN-beta) treatment. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 120:147-53. [PMID: 10759776 PMCID: PMC1905623 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The up-regulated B cell responses detectable in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the augmented myelin antigen-specific T cell responses observed in the CSF as well as systematically in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suggest the involvement of cytokines in disease development and perpetuation. Here we report on the parallel involvement of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma and IL-10 in MS and controls, using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays to detect and enumerate cytokine-secreting mononuclear cells (MNC) prepared from blood and, for IL-6 and IL-10, from CSF without in vitro stimulation. MS is associated with elevated levels of TNF-alpha-secreting blood MNC when compared with levels in groups of control patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and other neurological diseases (OND) or healthy subjects. This elevation was confined to patients with untreated MS and not present in those examined during ongoing treatment with IFN-beta. Untreated patients with MS had lower numbers of IL-10-secreting blood MNC compared with the three control groups. In patients undergoing treatment with IFN-beta, numbers of IL-10-secreting cells were in the same range as in controls. Normalization of TNF-alpha from elevated, and of IL-10 from decreased levels could be one reason for the beneficial effects of IFN-beta in MS, although it remains to be shown whether these changes reflect phenomena primarily involved in MS pathogenesis or secondary changes. In CSF, levels of IL-10-secreting cells were higher than in blood in both MS and OND, with no difference between these groups. Systemic aberrations of IL-6 and IFN-gamma and of IL-6 in CSF in MS versus controls were only minor, irrespective of treatment with IFN-beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ozenci
- Karolinska Institutet, Division of Neurology, Unit of Neuroimmunology, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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