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JEONG S, MIN YK, LEE S. Medical Support Provided by the UN's Scandinavian Allies during the Korean War. Uisahak 2024; 32:829-864. [PMID: 38273722 PMCID: PMC10822700 DOI: 10.13081/kjmh.2023.32.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The humanitarian motivation of medical support from the three Scandinavian countries during the Korean War cannot be doubted, but the countries also had to be politically sensitive during this period. The fact that these countries only dispatched medical support, and that the team was not only for military purpose but also intended to help the civilians is a different point from the U.S. military medical support, which distinguished military medical support that is the U.S. Eighth Army, from the civilian treatment and relief, which is the UNCACK. In addition, medical support activities from the Scandinavian countries were bound to be flexible depending on the rapidly changing trend of war, active regions, and their support methods. At a time when the battle was fierce and the number of wounded soldiers increased, they had no choice but to concentrate on treating wounded soldiers, whether in Busan or Incheon. However, even while treating these wounded soldiers, they tried to treat and rescue civilians around the base area whenever they had chance. It is easily imaginable that in the urgent situation of war, the nature of medical support cannot be clearly divided into military or civilian if there is only one team that is operating. It is clear, however, that the common humanitarian purpose of rescuing and treating civilians affected the establishment of the National Medical Center in Seoul after the war. The Scandinavians had indeed remained even after the end of the war in to provide full support of establishing modern medical system in Korea. This suggests that modern Korean medical or public health system did not start to be developed in the 1960s like some researchers argue, but started a few years earlier during the time of the war with the support from the countries world-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - You-ki MIN
- Corresponding author, Professor, Department of History, Kyung Hee University
| | - Sangduk LEE
- Corresponding author, HK Professor, Kyung Hee University
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Park SY, Song J, Choi DH, Park U, Cho H, Hong BH, Silberberg YR, Lee DY. Exploring metabolic effects of dipeptide feed media on CHO cell cultures by in silico model-guided flux analysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:123. [PMID: 38229404 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in perfusion or continuous processes to achieve higher productivity of biopharmaceuticals in mammalian cell culture, specifically Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, towards advanced biomanufacturing. These intensified bioprocesses highly require concentrated feed media in order to counteract their dilution effects. However, designing such condensed media formulation poses several challenges, particularly regarding the stability and solubility of specific amino acids. To address the difficulty and complexity in relevant media development, the biopharmaceutical industry has recently suggested forming dipeptides by combining one from problematic amino acids with selected pairs to compensate for limitations. In this study, we combined one of the lead amino acids, L-tyrosine, which is known for its poor solubility in water due to its aromatic ring and hydroxyl group, with glycine as the partner, thus forming glycyl-L-tyrosine (GY) dipeptide. Subsequently, we investigated the utilization of GY dipeptide during fed-batch cultures of IgG-producing CHO cells, by changing its concentrations (0.125 × , 0.25 × , 0.5 × , 1.0 × , and 2.0 ×). Multivariate statistical analysis of culture profiles was then conducted to identify and correlate the most significant nutrients with the production, followed by in silico model-guided analysis to systematically evaluate their effects on the culture performance, and elucidate metabolic states and cellular behaviors. As such, it allowed us to explain how the cells can more efficiently utilize GY dipeptide with respect to the balance of cofactor regeneration and energy distribution for the required biomass and protein synthesis. For example, our analysis results uncovered specific amino acids (Asn and Gln) and the 0.5 × GY dipeptide in the feed medium synergistically alleviated the metabolic bottleneck, resulting in enhanced IgG titer and productivity. In the validation experiments, we tested and observed that lower levels of Asn and Gln led to decreased secretion of toxic metabolites, enhanced longevity, and elevated specific cell growth and titer. KEY POINTS: • Explored the optimal Tyr dipeptide for the enhanced CHO cell culture performance • Systematically analyzed effects of dipeptide media by model-guided approach • Uncovered synergistic metabolic utilization of amino acids with dipeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Jinsung Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Uiseon Park
- Ajinomoto CELLiST Korea Co., Inc., 70 Songdogwahak-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyeran Cho
- Ajinomoto CELLiST Korea Co., Inc., 70 Songdogwahak-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bee Hak Hong
- Ajinomoto CELLiST Korea Co., Inc., 70 Songdogwahak-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yaron R Silberberg
- Ajinomoto CELLiST Korea Co., Inc., 70 Songdogwahak-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16419, South Korea.
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Le NMT, So KK, Chun J, Kim DH. Expression of virus-like particles (VLPs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:81. [PMID: 38194136 PMCID: PMC10776484 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
We engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae to express structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and produce virus-like particles (VLPs). The gene, which encodes four structural capsid proteins (VP0 (VP4 and VP2), VP3, and VP1), followed by a translational "ribosomal skipping" sequence consisting of 2A and protease 3C, was codon-optimized and chemically synthesized. The cloned gene was used to transform S. cerevisiae 2805 strain. Western blot analysis revealed that the polyprotein consisting of VP0, VP3, and VP1 was processed into the discrete capsid proteins. Western blot analysis of 3C confirmed the presence of discrete 3C protein, suggesting that the 2A sequence functioned as a "ribosomal skipping" signal in the yeast for an internal re-initiation of 3C translation from a monocistronic transcript, thereby indicating polyprotein processing by the discrete 3C protease. Moreover, a band corresponding to only VP2, which was known to be non-enzymatically processed from VP0 to both VP4 and VP2 during viral assembly, further validated the assembly of processed capsid proteins into VLPs. Electron microscopy showed the presence of the characteristic icosahedral VLPs. Our results clearly demonstrate that S. cerevisiae processes the viral structural polyprotein using a viral 3C protease and the resulting viral capsid subunits are assembled into virion particles. KEY POINTS: • Ribosomal skipping by self-cleaving FMDV peptide in S. cerevisiae. • Proteolytic processing of a structural polyprotein from a monocistronic transcript. • Assembly of the processed viral capsid proteins into a virus-like particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc My Tieu Le
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kum-Kang So
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeesun Chun
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Magar RT, Pham VTT, Poudel PB, Bridget AF, Sohng JK. A new peucemycin derivative and impacts of peuR and bldA on peucemycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces peucetius. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:107. [PMID: 38217253 PMCID: PMC10786969 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952 is known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, including two important antitumor anthracyclines: daunorubicin and doxorubicin. Identification of peucemycin and 25-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin A), as well as their biosynthetic pathway, has expanded its biosynthetic potential. In this study, we isolated a new peucemycin derivative and identified it as 19-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin B). Its antibacterial activity was lower than those of peucemycin and peucemycin A. On the other hand, this newly identified peucemycin derivative had higher anticancer activity than the other two compounds for MKN45, NCI-H1650, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 76.97 µM, 99.68 µM, and 135.2 µM, respectively. Peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster revealed the presence of a SARP regulator named PeuR whose role was unknown. The presence of the TTA codon in the peuR and the absence of global regulator BldA in S. peucetius reduced its ability to regulate the peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster. Hence, different mutants harboring these genes were prepared. S. peucetius bldA25 harboring bldA produced 1.75 times and 1.77 times more peucemycin A (11.8 mg/L) and peucemycin B (21.2 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. On the other hand, S. peucetius R25 harboring peuR produced 1.86 and 1.79 times more peucemycin A (12.5 mg/L) and peucemycin B (21.5 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. Finally, strain S. peucetius bldAR25 carrying bldA and peuR produced roughly 3.52 and 2.63 times more peucemycin A (23.8 mg/L) and peucemycin B (31.5 mg/L), respectively, than the wild type. KEY POINTS: • This study identifies a new peucemycin derivative, 19-hydroxy peucemycin (peucemycin B). • The SARP regulator (PeuR) acts as a positive regulator of the peucemycin biosynthetic gene cluster. • The overexpression of peuR and heterologous expression of bldA increase the production of peucemycin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Thapa Magar
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Van Thuy Thi Pham
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Purna Bahadur Poudel
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Adzemye Fovennso Bridget
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, Sun Moon University, 70 Sun Moon-Ro 221, Tangjeong-Myeon, Asan-Si, 31460, Chungnam, Korea.
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Yoon Y, Aziz AA, Chang IS, Kim B. Prevalence of Escherichia coli in electrogenic biofilm on activated carbon in microbial fuel cell. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:52. [PMID: 38183478 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
For a better understanding of the distribution of depth-dependent electrochemically active bacteria at in the anode zone, a customized system in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) packed with granular activated carbon (GAC) was developed and subsequently optimized via electrochemical tests. The constructed MFC system was sequentially operated using two types of matrice solutions: artificially controlled compositions (i.e., artificial wastewater, AW) and solutions obtained directly from actual sewage-treating municipal plants (i.e., municipal wastewater, MW). Notably, significant difference(s) of system efficiencies between AW or MW matrices were observed via performance tests, in that the electricity production capacity under MW matrices is < 25% that of the AW matrices. Interestingly, species of Escherichia coli (E. coli) sampled from the GAC bed (P1: deeper region in GAC bed, P2: shallow region of GAC near electrolytes) exhibited an average relative abundance of 75 to 90% in AW and a relative abundance of approximately 10% in MW, while a lower relative abundance of E. coli was found in both the AW and MW anolyte samples (L). Moreover, similar bacterial communities were identified in samples P1 and P2 for both the AW and MW solutions, indicating a comparable distribution of bacterial communities over the anode area. These results provide new insights into E. coli contribution in power production for the GAC-packed MFC systems (i.e., despite the low contents of Geobacter (> 8%) and Shewanella (> 1%)) for future applications in sustainable energy research. KEY POINTS: • A microbial community analysis for depth-dependence in biofilm was developed. • The system was operated with two matrices; electrochemical performance was assessed. • E. coli spp. was distinctly found in anode zone layers composed of activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younggun Yoon
- SELS Center, Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea
| | - Azilah Abd Aziz
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - In Seop Chang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - Bongkyu Kim
- SELS Center, Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
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Kook E, Lee J, Kim DH. YES1 as a potential target to overcome drug resistance in EGFR-deregulated non-small cell lung cancer. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1437-1455. [PMID: 38443724 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as gefitinib and osimertinib have primarily been used as first-line treatments for patients with EGFR-activating mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Novel biomarkers are required to distinguish patients with lung cancer who are resistant to EGFR-TKIs. The aim of the study is to investigate the expression and functional role of YES1, one of the Src-family kinases, in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC. YES1 expression was elevated in gefitinib-resistant HCC827 (HCC827/GR) cells, harboring EGFR mutations. Moreover, HCC827/GR cells exhibited increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels compared to those of the parent cells, resulting in the phosphorylation/activation of YES1 due to oxidation of the cysteine residue. HCC827/GR cells showed elevated expression levels of YES1-associated protein 1 (YAP1), NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cancer stemness-related markers, and antioxidant proteins compared to those of the parent cells. Knockdown of YES1 in HCC827/GR cells suppressed YAP1 phosphorylation, leading to the inhibition of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Cyclin D1 expression. Silencing YES1 markedly attenuated the proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity of HCC827/GR cells. Dasatinib inhibited the proliferation of HCC827/GR cells by targeting YES1-mediated signaling pathways. Furthermore, the combination of gefitinib and dasatinib demonstrated a synergistic effect in suppressing the proliferation of HCC827/GR cells. Notably, YES1- and Nrf2-regulated genes showed a positive regulatory relationship in patients with lung cancer and in TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines. Taken together, these findings suggest that modulation of YES1 expression and activity may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Kook
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - JungYeol Lee
- New Drug Discovery Center, DGMIF, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227, Republic of Korea.
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Priyadarshi R, Choi H, Kim H, Han S, Riahi Z, Tammina SK, Rhim JW, Lee SG. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of elemental sulfur-derived sustainable sulfur quantum dots. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:743-753. [PMID: 38071731 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) are attracting increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their unique properties, such as antibacterial activity, free radical scavenging potential, optical properties, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Ethylenediamine passivated SQDs (ED-SQDs) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Cytotoxicity evaluation of ED-SQDs on RAW264.7 cells showed more than 90% cell viability even at 500 μg/mL of ED-SQDs, with an established IC50 value of 880.9 μg/mL. In addition, ED-SQDs showed potent antioxidant activity in vitro, effectively scavenging ABTS and DPPH free radicals at concentrations below 100 μg/mL, comparable to ascorbic acid. ED-SQD reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages, lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inactivated LPS-activated STAT3. In addition, ED-SQD increased nuclear NRF2 and the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes in LPS-stimulated cells. These results reveal the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ED-SQDs at non-toxic concentrations, providing evidence for their potential anti-inflammatory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchir Priyadarshi
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Choi
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Han
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zohreh Riahi
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sai Kumar Tammina
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Whan Rhim
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Aung T, Kim BR, Kim MJ. Check-all-that-apply (CATA)- and rate-all-that-apply (RATA)-based sensometric assessment of germinated-wheat beverages. J Food Sci Technol 2024; 61:897-906. [PMID: 38487284 PMCID: PMC10933222 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Sensometrics assesses sensory perspectives in consumer research using statistics and various methodologies. This study evaluated consumer responses to hot and cold germinated-wheat beverages in check-all-that-apply (CATA) and rate-all-that-apply (RATA) assessments using sensometric statistical approaches, including Cochran's Q test, penalty-lift analysis, and multiple factor analysis. Hot beverages (HB) were prepared by infusion using different amounts of germinated wheat (HB_1: 0.8 g/100 mL, HB_2: 2 g/100 mL, and HB_3: 4 g/100 mL), while cold beverages (CB) were made using cooled boiled germinated wheat with varying concentrations (CB_1: 25 g/L, CB_2: 50 g/L, and CB_3: 75 g/L). Results of the CATA study suggested that consumers preferred HB_1 and CB_1 because they expressed the sensory characteristics associated with liking, including "barley tea flavor", "neat taste", and "nutty taste", while "bitterish taste", "stuffy taste", and "astringent taste" were undesirable attributes. "Browning index", "barley tea odor", and "nutty taste" showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in both favorable and unfavorable rating scores. Overall, CB_1 elicited a clear taste and odor with fewer negative emotions. These findings demonstrate the usefulness of the sensometric approach combined with CATA and RATA analyses to obtain more easily interpretable results on the sensory perception of consumers to new food products. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05884-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinzar Aung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
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Lee KJ, Kim C, Yoo JK, Lee K. Multivariate probit linear mixed models for multivariate longitudinal binary data. Stat Med 2024; 43:1527-1548. [PMID: 38488782 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
When analyzing multivariate longitudinal binary data, we estimate the effects on the responses of the covariates while accounting for three types of complex correlations present in the data. These include the correlations within separate responses over time, cross-correlations between different responses at different times, and correlations between different responses at each time point. The number of parameters thus increases quadratically with the dimension of the correlation matrix, making parameter estimation difficult; the estimated correlation matrix must also meet the positive definiteness constraint. The correlation matrix may additionally be heteroscedastic; however, the matrix structure is commonly considered to be homoscedastic and constrained, such as exchangeable or autoregressive with order one. These assumptions are overly strong, resulting in skewed estimates of the covariate effects on the responses. Hence, we propose probit linear mixed models for multivariate longitudinal binary data, where the correlation matrix is estimated using hypersphere decomposition instead of the strong assumptions noted above. Simulations and real examples are used to demonstrate the proposed methods. An open source R package, BayesMGLM, is made available on GitHub at https://github.com/kuojunglee/BayesMGLM/ with full documentation to produce the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Jung Lee
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Data Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chanmin Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Keun Yoo
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keunbaik Lee
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Seo J, Kim C. Utilizing local likelihood in regression discontinuity design: Investigating the impact of antiretroviral therapy eligibility on retention in clinical HIV care in South Africa. Stat Med 2024; 43:1640-1659. [PMID: 38351516 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The regression discontinuity (RD) design is a widely utilized approach for assessing treatment effects. It involves assigning treatment based on the value of an observed covariate in relation to a fixed threshold. Although the RD design has been widely employed across various problems, its application to specific data types has received limited attention. For instance, there has been little research on utilizing the RD design when the outcome variable exhibits zero-inflation. This study introduces a novel RD estimator using local likelihood, which overcomes the limitations of the local linear regression model, a popular approach for estimating treatment effects in RD design, by considering the data type of the outcome variable. To determine the optimal bandwidth, we propose a modified Ludwig-Miller cross validation method. A set of simulations is carried out, involving binary, count, and zero-inflated outcome variables, to showcase the superior performance of the suggested method over local linear regression models. Subsequently, the proposed local likelihood model is employed on HIV care data, where antiretroviral therapy eligibility is determined by a CD4 count threshold. A comparison is made between the results obtained using the local likelihood model and those obtained using local linear regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Seo
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanmin Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Jeon JP, Kim YH, Anh NTD, Chung K, Seo JM, Baek JB. Simple Functionalization of a Donor Monomer to Enhance Charge Transfer in Porous Polymer Networks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319395. [PMID: 38353410 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Porous polymer networks (PPNs) are promising candidates as photocatalysts for hydrogen production. Constructing a donor-acceptor structure is known to be an effective approach for improving photocatalytic activity. However, the process of how a functional group of a monomer can ensure photoexcited charges transfer and improve the hydrogen evolution rate (HER) has not yet been studied on the molecular level. Herein, we design and synthesize two kinds of triazatruxene (TAT)-based PPNs: TATR-PPN with a hexyl (R) group and TAT-PPN without the hexyl group, to understand the relationship between the presence of the functional group and charge transfer. The hexyl group on the TAT unit was found to ensure the transfer of photoexcited electrons from a donor unit to an acceptor unit and endowed the TATR-PPN with stable hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/ Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jeon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/ Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/ Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Dieu Anh
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunook Chung
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Seo
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/ Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering/ Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kang JH, Baek JH, Lee JK, Hong SW. Transcriptional Profiling of Muscle in Females With Distal Radius Fracture and Functional Sarcopenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae002. [PMID: 38190405 PMCID: PMC10919888 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and bone interact with each other in mechanical and biochemical ways. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of interaction between muscle and bone by analyzing the transcriptional profiles of total RNA from the muscle tissue of females with distal radius fractures. A total of 30 female participants (mean age 71.1 ± 8.9 years) with distal radius fractures were recruited. Participants were categorized into 2 groups: the NORM group consisted of participants with T score of the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of the femoral neck higher than -1.0, handgrip strength greater than 18 kg, and gait speed faster than 1.0 m/s (n = 10). Otherwise, participants with T score of the aBMD of the femoral neck equal to or less than -1.0, handgrip strength lower than 18 kg, and gait speed slower than 1.0 m/s (n = 20) were categorized into EXP group. Pronator quadratus muscle samples were obtained from all participants. Total RNA was extracted from frozen muscle samples and sequenced. The gene ontology analysis demonstrated that the potential interactions between attached muscle function and the density of the associated bone would be linked with collagen biosynthetic activity and maintenance of extracellular matrix structures. The analysis of the pathway, network, and protein class exhibited that integrin signaling, inflammatory reactions, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and extracellular matrix protein structure had possible associations with the molecular background of muscle-bone interaction. Through integrin signaling, MMP activity, inflammatory reactions, and collagen biosynthesis, muscle and bone may mutually interact with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kang
- Clinic of Oral Medicine and Orofacial Pain, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Baek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kwang Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Woo Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Bae Y, Baek W, Lim CW, Lee SC. A pepper RING-finger E3 ligase, CaFIRF1, negatively regulates the high-salt stress response by modulating the stability of CaFAF1. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1319-1333. [PMID: 38221841 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Controlling protein stability or degradation via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system is a crucial mechanism in plant cellular responses to stress conditions. Previous studies have revealed that the pepper FANTASTIC FOUR-like gene, CaFAF1, plays a positive role in salt tolerance and that, in this process, CaFAF1 protein degradation is delayed. Here, we sought to isolate the E3 ligases potentially responsible for modulating CaFAF1 protein stability in response to salt stress. The pepper RING-type E3 ligase CaFIRF1 (Capsicum annuum FAF1 Interacting RING Finger protein 1) was found to interact with and ubiquitinate CaFAF1, leading to the degradation of CaFAF1 proteins. In response to high-salt treatments, CaFIRF1-silenced pepper plants exhibited tolerant phenotypes. In contrast, co-silencing of CaFAF1 and CaFIRF1 led to increased sensitivity to high-salt treatments, revealing that CaFIRF1 functions upstream of CaFAF1. A cell-free degradation analysis showed that high-salt treatment suppressed CaFAF1 protein degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway, in which CaFIRF1 is functionally involved. In addition, an in vivo ubiquitination assay revealed that CaFIRF1-mediated ubiquitination of CaFAF1 proteins was reduced by high-salt treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that the degradation of CaFAF1 mediated by CaFIRF1 has a critical role in pepper plant responses to high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongil Bae
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Lee JS, Lee JY, Park SH, Wang KC, Kim KH. Intramedullary spinal capillary hemangioma with secondary neurulation defect in children. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:1287-1294. [PMID: 38240785 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Intramedullary spinal capillary hemangioma is a rare occurrence in pediatric patients, and only limited cases have been reported. This study presents the first two cases of spinal capillary hemangioma co-present with retained medullary cord and one case of spinal capillary hemangioma with lumbosacral lipomatous malformation. Previous literature on ten patients with this pathology was reviewed. We speculated pathogenesis, imaging features, and histopathologic findings of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seok Lee
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Chang Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Clinic, Center for Rare Cancers, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Yoo SW, Ryu DW, Oh YS, Ha S, Lyoo CH, Kim Y, Yoo JY, Kim JS. Estimating motor progression trajectory pursuant to temporal dynamic status of cardiac denervation in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2024; 271:2019-2030. [PMID: 38183421 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted disease that encompasses diverse clinical phenotypes. The diversity of PD could be subtyped based on the temporal dynamic status of cardiac sympathetic innervation; (1) initially, denervated myocardium (peripheral nervous system-predominant; PNS-predominant), (2) preserved myocardium (central nervous system-predominant; CNS-predominant), and (3) preserved myocardium who developed cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) on the subsequent imaging (Converter; delayed cardiac denervation). This study assessed how the cardiac denervation could reflect the pathobiology. We investigated whether this phenotyping could help predict the motor progression trajectory of PD. METHODS Cardiac sympathetic innervation was evaluated using initial and sequential 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy and patients were stratified into three groups as above. Motor severity and progression were evaluated in each patient. The association between subtypes and dopaminergic nigrostriatal degeneration was analyzed. The influence of cardiac denervation on motor progression was also investigated. RESULTS Among the enrolled 195 patients, 144 PD subjects were defined as PNS-predominant, 16 as Converter, and 35 as CNS-predominant. The most severe nigrostriatal degeneration was observed in the PNS-predominant group and the dopaminergic degeneration was the most asymmetric in the CNS-predominant group. Positive linear trends of nigrostriatal degeneration and its asymmetric degeneration of striatum and globus pallidus were found across the patterns of cardiac sympathetic innervation (PNS-predominant vs. Converter vs. CNS-predominant). It indicated an increasing degree of asymmetric degeneration among the groups. A longitudinal estimation of motor progression revealed distinct cardiac denervation trajectories for each subtype. CONCLUSIONS These results implicated that the subtypes of CSD might indicate a predominant origin and spreading pattern of pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Won Yoo
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Ryu
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sang Oh
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggyun Ha
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Seok Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, 222 Banpo-Daero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Park HJ, Kim M, Lee D, Kim HJ, Jung HW. CRISPR-Cas9 and beyond: identifying target genes for developing disease-resistant plants. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024; 26:369-377. [PMID: 38363032 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Throughout the history of crop domestication, desirable traits have been selected in agricultural products. However, such selection often leads to crops and vegetables with weaker vitality and viability than their wild ancestors when exposed to adverse environmental conditions. Considering the increasing human population and climate change challenges, it is crucial to enhance crop quality and quantity. Accordingly, the identification and utilization of diverse genetic resources are imperative for developing disease-resistant plants that can withstand unexpected epidemics of plant diseases. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent progress in genome-editing technologies, including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technologies. In particular, we classify disease-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and several crop plants based on the roles or functions of the mutated genes in plant immunity and suggest potential target genes for molecular breeding of genome-edited disease-resistant plants. Genome-editing technologies are resilient tools for sustainable development and promising solutions for coping with climate change and population increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Institute of Agricultural Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - D Lee
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - H W Jung
- Institute of Agricultural Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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17
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Mao J, Eom GD, Yoon KW, Kim MJ, Chu KB, Kang HJ, Quan FS. Crossprotection induced by virus-like particles containing influenza dual-hemagglutinin and M2 ectodomain. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:741-754. [PMID: 38390688 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: To develop an effective universal vaccine against antigenically different influenza viruses. Materials & methods: We generated influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing the H1 and H3 antigens with or without M2e5x. VLP-induced immune responses and crossprotection against H1N1, H3N2 or H5N1 viruses were assessed to evaluate their protective efficacy. Results: H1H3M2e5x immunization elicited higher crossreactive IgG antibodies than H1H3 VLPs. Upon challenge, both VLPs enhanced lung IgG, IgA and germinal center B-cell responses compared with control. While these VLPs conferred protection, H1H3M2e5x showed greater lung viral load reduction than H1H3 VLPs with minimal body weight loss. Conclusion: Utilizing VLPs containing dual-hemagglutinin, along with M2e5x, can be a vaccination strategy for inducing crossprotection against influenza A viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Deok Eom
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Woong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Back Chu
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ji Kang
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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18
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Ryu S, Ko D, Shin B, Rhee K. The intercentriolar fibers function as docking sites of centriolar satellites for cilia assembly. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202105065. [PMID: 38416111 PMCID: PMC10901237 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Two mother centrioles in an animal cell are linked by intercentriolar fibers that have CROCC/rootletin as their main building block. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of intercentriolar/rootlet fibers in cilia assembly. The cilia formation rates were significantly reduced in the CEP250/C-NAP1 and CROCC/rootletin knockout (KO) cells, irrespective of the departure of the young mother centrioles from the basal bodies. In addition, centriolar satellites were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm in the CEP250 and CROCC KO cells. We observed that PCM1 directly binds to CROCC. Their interaction is critical not only for the accumulation of centriolar satellites near the centrosomes/basal bodies but also for cilia formation. Finally, we observed that the centriolar satellite proteins are localized at the intercentriolar/rootlet fibers in the kidney epithelial cells. Based on these findings, we propose that the intercentriolar/rootlet fibers function as docking sites for centriolar satellites near the centrosomes/basal bodies and facilitate the cilia assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghee Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byungho Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kunsoo Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Cho J, Shin H, Choi A. Calibration-free blood pressure estimation based on a convolutional neural network. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14480. [PMID: 37971153 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted research on a deep learning-based blood pressure (BP) estimation model suitable for wearable environments. To measure BP while wearing a wearable watch, it needs to be considered that computing power for signal processing is limited and the input signals are subject to noise interference. Therefore, we employed a convolutional neural network (CNN) as the BP estimation model and utilized time-series electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals, which are quantifiable in a wearable context. We generated periodic input signals and used differential and thresholding methods to decrease noise in the preprocessing step. We then applied a max-pooling technique with filter sizes of 2 × 1 and 5 × 1 within a 3-layer convolutional neural network to estimate BP. Our method was trained, validated, and tested using 2.4 million data samples from 49 patients in the intensive care unit. These samples, totaling 3.1 GB were obtained from the publicly accessible MIMIC database. As a result of a test with 480,000 data samples, the average root mean square error in BP estimation was 3.41, 5.80, and 2.78 mm Hg in the prediction of pulse pressure, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP), respectively. The cumulative error percentage less than 5 mm Hg was 68% and 93% for SBP and DBP, respectively. In addition, the cumulative error percentage less than 15 mm Hg was 98% and 99% for SBP and DBP. Subsequently, we evaluated the impact of changes in input signal length (1 cycle vs. 30 s) and the introduction of noise on BP estimation results. The experimental results revealed that the length of the input signal did not significantly affect the performance of CNN-based analysis. When estimating BP using noise-added ECG signals, the mean absolute error (MAE) for SBP and DBP was 9.72 and 6.67 mm Hg, respectively. Meanwhile, when using noise-added PPG signals, the MAE for SBP and DBP was 26.85 and 14.00 mm Hg, respectively. Therefore, this study confirmed that using ECG signals rather than PPG signals is advantageous for noise reduction in a wearable environment. Besides, short sampling frames without calibration can be effective as input signals. Furthermore, it demonstrated that using a model suitable for information extraction rather than a specialized deep learning model for sequential data can yield satisfactory results in BP estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Cho
- Bud-on Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangsik Shin
- Department of Digital Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyoung Choi
- Department of AI. Software, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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20
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Park J, Ryu GW, Lee H, Choi YD, Kim Y. Frailty of Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Scoping Review. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:347-362. [PMID: 38449449 PMCID: PMC10949022 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the existing literature on frailty experienced by patients with prostate cancer (PC) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Database and manual searches were conducted to identify relevant studies published in English, with no limitation on the year of publication, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Four databases-PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL-were used for database searches and reference lists, related journals, and Google Scholar were used for manual searches. RESULTS A total of 12 studies were analyzed for this scoping review. Of these, only 2 were intervention studies, and 1 was a randomized controlled trial. Among the two intervention studies, the multidisciplinary intervention program, including psychological counseling, nutritional coaching, and supervised group physical exercise did not show significant improvement in frailty. In contrast, high-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased frailty. The conceptual and operational definitions of frailty used in each study varied, and the most used one was mainly focused on physical functions. As a result of analyzing the other health-related variables associated with frailty in patients with PC receiving ADT, age, metastases, comorbidities, and incident falls were related to a high frailty level. As for the physiological index, high levels of C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, and fibrinogen, low levels of total testosterone, lymphocyte count, and creatinine were associated with a high level of frailty. A few studies explored the relationship between psychological and cognitive variables and frailty. CONCLUSIONS Further research related to frailty in patients with PC receiving ADT should be conducted, and effective interventions to manage frailty should be developed. Additionally, research that considers not only the physical domain of frailty but also the psychological, cognitive, and social domains needs to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Wook Ryu
- Department of Nursing, Hansei University, Gunpo, Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngkyung Kim
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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21
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Seo YS, Park KH, Park JM, Jeong H, Kim B, Jeon JS, Yu J, Kim SK, Lee K, Lee MY. Short-term inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress and inflammation in lungs without systemic oxidative stress in mice. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:273-283. [PMID: 38525133 PMCID: PMC10959912 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for various pathologies, including pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancers. The toxic effects of cigarette smoke (CS) are mediated through multiple pathways and diverse mechanisms. A key pathogenic factor is oxidative stress, primarily induced by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species. However, it remains unclear whether smoking directly induces systemic oxidative stress or if such stress is a secondary consequence. This study aimed to determine whether short-term inhalation exposure to CS induces oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs in addition to the lung in a murine model. In the experiment, 3R4F reference cigarettes were used to generate CS, and 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were exposed to CS at a total particulate matter concentration of either 0 or 800 µg/L for four consecutive days. CS exposure led to an increase in neutrophils, eosinophils, and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It also elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde (MDA), markers indicative of tissue damage and oxidative stress, respectively. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in systemic oxidative stress markers such as total oxidant scavenging capacity, MDA, glutathione (GSH), and the GSH/GSSG ratio in blood samples. In line with these findings, CS exposure elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent superoxide generation in the lung but not in other organs like the liver, kidney, heart, aorta, and brain. Collectively, our results indicate that short-term exposure to CS induces inflammation and oxidative stress in the lung without significantly affecting oxidative stress in extrapulmonary organs under the current experimental conditions. NOX may play a role in these pulmonary-specific events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seok Seo
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Park
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuneui Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Su Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326 Republic of Korea
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Hong JK, Kim YM, Cho ES, Lee JB, Kim YS, Park HB. Application of deep learning with bivariate models for genomic prediction of sow lifetime productivity-related traits. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:622-630. [PMID: 38228129 PMCID: PMC10915216 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pig breeders cannot obtain phenotypic information at the time of selection for sow lifetime productivity (SLP). They would benefit from obtaining genetic information of candidate sows. Genomic data interpreted using deep learning (DL) techniques could contribute to the genetic improvement of SLP to maximize farm profitability because DL models capture nonlinear genetic effects such as dominance and epistasis more efficiently than conventional genomic prediction methods based on linear models. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of DL for the genomic prediction of two SLP-related traits; lifetime number of litters (LNL) and lifetime pig production (LPP). METHODS Two bivariate DL models, convolutional neural network (CNN) and local convolutional neural network (LCNN), were compared with conventional bivariate linear models (i.e., genomic best linear unbiased prediction, Bayesian ridge regression, Bayes A, and Bayes B). Phenotype and pedigree data were collected from 40,011 sows that had husbandry records. Among these, 3,652 pigs were genotyped using the PorcineSNP60K BeadChip. RESULTS The best predictive correlation for LNL was obtained with CNN (0.28), followed by LCNN (0.26) and conventional linear models (approximately 0.21). For LPP, the best predictive correlation was also obtained with CNN (0.29), followed by LCNN (0.27) and conventional linear models (approximately 0.25). A similar trend was observed with the mean squared error of prediction for the SLP traits. CONCLUSION This study provides an example of a CNN that can outperform against the linear model-based genomic prediction approaches when the nonlinear interaction components are important because LNL and LPP exhibited strong epistatic interaction components. Additionally, our results suggest that applying bivariate DL models could also contribute to the prediction accuracy by utilizing the genetic correlation between LNL and LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Ki Hong
- Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000,
Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000,
Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Cho
- Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000,
Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Lee
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531,
Korea
| | - Young-Sin Kim
- Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000,
Korea
| | - Hee-Bok Park
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439,
Korea
- Resource Science Research Institute, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439,
Korea
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23
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Lee JH, Lee SH, Jeon C, Han J, Kim SH, Youn J, Park YS, Kim TJ, Kim JS, Jo S, Kim TH, Son CN. The complement factor H-related protein-5 (CFHR5) exacerbates pathological bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:571-583. [PMID: 38418621 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by excessive new bone formation. We previously reported that the complement factor H-related protein-5 (CFHR5), a member of the human factor H protein family, is significantly elevated in patients with AS compared to other rheumatic diseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying new bone formation by CFHR5 is not fully understood. In this study, we revealed that CFHR5 and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23) were elevated in the AS group compared to the HC group. Correlation analysis revealed that CFHR5 levels were not significantly associated with proinflammatory cytokines, while CFHR5 levels in AS were only positively correlated with the high CRP group. Notably, treatment with soluble CFHR5 has no effect on clinical arthritis scores and thickness at hind paw in curdlan-injected SKG, but significantly increased the ectopic bone formation at the calcaneus and tibia bones of the ankle as revealed by micro-CT image and quantification. Basal CFHR5 expression was upregulated in AS-osteoprogenitors compared to control cells. Also, treatment with CFHR5 remarkedly induced bone mineralization status of AS-osteoprogenitors during osteogenic differentiation accompanied by MMP13 expression. We provide the first evidence demonstrating that CFHR5 can exacerbate the pathological bone formation of AS. Therapeutic modulation of CFHR5 could be promising for future treatment of AS. KEY MESSAGES: Serum level of CFHR5 is elevated and positively correlated with high CRP group of AS patients. Recombinant CFHR5 protein contributes to pathological bone formation in in vivo model of AS. CFHR5 is highly expressed in AS-osteoprogenitors compared to disease control. Recombinant CFHR5 protein increased bone mineralization accompanied by MMP13 in vitro model of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Eulji Rheumatology Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, 712 Dongil-Ro, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi-Do, 11759, Republic of Korea
- Rheumarker Bio Inc, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), 222-1 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhyeok Jeon
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), 222-1 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinil Han
- Gencurix Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyon Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Youn
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Soo Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seo Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsin Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), 222-1 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31358, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research (HYIRR), 222-1 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Nam Son
- Department of Rheumatology, Eulji Rheumatology Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, 712 Dongil-Ro, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi-Do, 11759, Republic of Korea.
- Rheumarker Bio Inc, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Hsiao PYA, Kim MJ, Chou FCB, Chen PHA. Intersubject representational similarity analysis uncovers the impact of state anxiety on brain activation patterns in the human extrastriate cortex. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:1-9. [PMID: 38324234 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and showed that state anxiety modulated extrastriate cortex activity in response to emotionally-charged visual images. State anxiety and neuroimaging data from 53 individuals were subjected to an intersubject representational similarity analysis (ISRSA), wherein the geometries between neural and behavioral data were compared. This analysis identified the extrastriate cortex (fusiform gyrus and area MT) to be the sole regions whose activity patterns covaried with state anxiety. Importantly, we show that this brain-behavior association is revealed when treating state anxiety data as a multidimensional response pattern, rather than a single composite score. This suggests that ISRSA using multivariate distances may be more sensitive in identifying the shared geometries between self-report questionnaires and brain imaging data. Overall, our findings demonstrate that a transient state of anxiety may influence how visual information - especially those relevant to the valence dimension - is processed in the extrastriate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yuan A Hsiao
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Justin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Feng-Chun B Chou
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hao A Chen
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Kim JH, Kim SY, Cui C, Ji H, Yoen H, Cho N, Kim DH. Problem Solving MRI to Reduce False-Positive Biopsy Related to Breast US: Conductivity vs. DWI vs. Abbreviated Contrast-Enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:1218-1228. [PMID: 37477575 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While breast ultrasound (US) is a useful tool for diagnosing breast masses, it can entail false-positive biopsy results because of some overlapping features between benign and malignant breast masses and subjective interpretation. PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of conductivity imaging for reducing false-positive biopsy results related to breast US, as compared to diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and abbreviated MRI consisting of one pre- and one post-contrast T1-weighted imaging. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Seventy-nine women (median age, 44 years) with 86 Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 masses as detected by breast US. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3-T, T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequence, DWI, and abbreviated contrast-enhanced MRI (T1-weighted gradient echo sequence). ASSESSMENT US-guided biopsy (reference standard) was obtained on the same day as MRI. The maximum and mean conductivity parameters from whole and single regions of interest (ROIs) were measured. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained from an area with the lowest signal within a lesion on the ADC map. The performance of conductivity, ADC, and abbreviated MRI for reducing false-positive biopsies was evaluated using the following criteria: lowest conductivity and highest ADC values among malignant breast lesions and BI-RADS categories 2 or 3 on abbreviated MRI. STATISTICAL TESTS One conductivity parameter with the maximum area under the curve (AUC) from receiver operating characteristics was selected. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS US-guided biopsy revealed 65 benign lesions and 21 malignant lesions. The mean conductivity parameter of the single ROI method was selected (AUC = 0.74). Considering conductivity (≤0.10 S/m), ADC (≥1.60 × 10-3 mm2 /sec), and BI-RADS categories 2 or 3 reduced false-positive biopsies by 23% (15 of 65), 38% (25 of 65), and 43% (28 of 65), respectively, without missing malignant lesions. DATA CONCLUSION Conductivity imaging may show lower performance than DWI and abbreviated MRI in reducing unnecessary biopsies. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuanjiang Cui
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heera Yoen
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nariya Cho
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Huh S, Park K, Kang N, Yu HS, Park HG, Kim YS, Kang UG, Won S, Kim SH. Behavioral and transcriptional effects of repeated electroconvulsive seizures in the neonatal MK-801-treated rat model of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:817-832. [PMID: 38081977 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment modality for schizophrenia. However, its antipsychotic-like mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the antipsychotic-like actions of ECT, this study investigated how repeated treatments of electroconvulsive seizure (ECS), an animal model for ECT, affect the behavioral and transcriptomic profile of a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia. METHODS Two injections of MK-801 or saline were administered to rats on postnatal day 7 (PN7), and either repeated ECS treatments (E10X) or sham shock was conducted daily from PN50 to PN59. Ultimately, the rats were divided into vehicle/sham (V/S), MK-801/sham (M/S), vehicle/ECS (V/E), and MK-801/ECS (M/E) groups. On PN59, prepulse inhibition and locomotor activity were tested. Prefrontal cortex transcriptomes were analyzed with mRNA sequencing and network and pathway analyses, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were subsequently conducted. RESULTS Prepulse inhibition deficit was induced by MK-801 and normalized by E10X. In M/S vs. M/E model, Egr1, Mmp9, and S100a6 were identified as center genes, and interleukin-17 (IL-17), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways were identified as the three most relevant pathways. In the V/E vs. V/S model, mitophagy, NF-κB, and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) pathways were identified. qPCR analyses demonstrated that Igfbp6, Btf3, Cox6a2, and H2az1 were downregulated in M/S and upregulated in M/E. CONCLUSIONS E10X reverses the behavioral changes induced by MK-801 and produces transcriptional changes in inflammatory, insulin, and mitophagy pathways, which provide mechanistic insight into the antipsychotic-like mechanism of ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghoo Huh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuree Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Geun Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ung Gu Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Won
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- RexSoft Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Hwang SH, Rhee H. Pushing the limit of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis: diagnosis of subcentimetre HCC using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and alpha-fetoprotein. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2269-2270. [PMID: 37870626 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hye Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Youngin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyungjin Rhee
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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Tian Y, Wang S, Li T, Lv J, Zhang X, Oh DH, Fu X. Effect of transglutaminase on ovalbumin emulsion gels as carriers of encapsulated probiotic bacteria. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3468-3476. [PMID: 38133640 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of emulsion gels to protect and deliver probiotics has become an important topic in the food industry. This study used transglutaminase (TGase) to regulate ovalbumin (OVA) to prepare a novel emulsion gel. The effects of OVA concentration and the addition of TGase on the microstructure, rheological properties, water-holding capacity, and stability of the emulsion gels were investigated. RESULTS With the addition of TGase and the increasing OVA, the particle size of the emulsion gels decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The gels with TGase exhibited greater water holding, hardness, and chewiness to some extent by forming a more uniform and stable system. After simulated digestion, the survival rate of Bifidobacterium lactis embedded in OVA emulsion gels improved significantly in comparison with the oil-water mixture as a result of the protective effect of the emulsion gel encapsulation. CONCLUSION By increasing the OVA content and adding TGase, the rheological characteristics, stability, and encapsulation capability of the OVA emulsion gel could be enhanced, providing a theoretical basis for the use of emulsion gels to construct probiotic delivery systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Tian
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shurui Wang
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianyun Li
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiran Lv
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianli Zhang
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Xing Fu
- National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Kim DH, Seo J, Lee JH, Jeon ET, Jeong D, Chae HD, Lee E, Kang JH, Choi YH, Kim HJ, Chai JW. Automated Detection and Segmentation of Bone Metastases on Spine MRI Using U-Net: A Multicenter Study. Korean J Radiol 2024; 25:363-373. [PMID: 38528694 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate a deep learning model for automated segmentation and detection of bone metastasis on spinal MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included whole spine MRI scans of adult patients with bone metastasis: 662 MRI series from 302 patients (63.5 ± 11.5 years; male:female, 151:151) from three study centers obtained between January 2015 and August 2021 for training and internal testing (random split into 536 and 126 series, respectively) and 49 MRI series from 20 patients (65.9 ± 11.5 years; male:female, 11:9) from another center obtained between January 2018 and August 2020 for external testing. Three sagittal MRI sequences, including non-contrast T1-weighted image (T1), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted Dixon fat-only image (FO), and contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted image (CE), were used. Seven models trained using the 2D and 3D U-Nets were developed with different combinations (T1, FO, CE, T1 + FO, T1 + CE, FO + CE, and T1 + FO + CE). The segmentation performance was evaluated using Dice coefficient, pixel-wise recall, and pixel-wise precision. The detection performance was analyzed using per-lesion sensitivity and a free-response receiver operating characteristic curve. The performance of the model was compared with that of five radiologists using the external test set. RESULTS The 2D U-Net T1 + CE model exhibited superior segmentation performance in the external test compared to the other models, with a Dice coefficient of 0.699 and pixel-wise recall of 0.653. The T1 + CE model achieved per-lesion sensitivities of 0.828 (497/600) and 0.857 (150/175) for metastases in the internal and external tests, respectively. The radiologists demonstrated a mean per-lesion sensitivity of 0.746 and a mean per-lesion positive predictive value of 0.701 in the external test. CONCLUSION The deep learning models proposed for automated segmentation and detection of bone metastases on spinal MRI demonstrated high diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoon Seo
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Tae Jeon
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hee Dong Chae
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Lee
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Kang
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Won Chai
- Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Herr L, Ye JR, Kang SW, Ro ST, Chae YK, Lee KE, Kim MS, Jih MK, Lee C, Choi SC, Nam OH. Effect of intra-alveolar delivery of Frondoside A on inflammatory response of delayed tooth replantation. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:178-186. [PMID: 37731288 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Frondoside A is a sea cucumber extract which is well known for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Frondoside A application in the alveolar socket on inflammatory responses after delayed replantation in rat teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and exposed to Frondoside A. Cell-counting kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate the cell viability and nitric oxide assay was performed to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of Frondoside A. Molars were extracted from 32 Sprague-Dawley rats and randomly divided into control and Frondoside A groups. After 30 min of extra-oral dry time, molars were replanted. In the Frondoside A group, Frondoside A solution was applied in the alveolar socket before replantation. The animals were sacrificed after 28 days and histologically and immunohistochemically evaluated. RESULTS 0.5 μM Frondoside A showed higher cellular viability at 6 h and lower production of nitric oxide compared with other Frondoside A solutions (p < .05). The Frondoside A group demonstrated lower inflammatory resorption scores in both middle 1/3 and apical 1/3 of root compared to the control group (p < .05). The Frondoside A group showed lower levels of expression in both cathepsin K and CD45 compared with the control group (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, intra-alveolar delivery of Frondoside A alleviates inflammatory root resorption in delayed replantation of rat teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lar Herr
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Ri Ye
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Tae Ro
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ko Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeong Kwan Jih
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chunui Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee H, Lee DG, Jo H, Heo YM, Baek C, Kim HB, Park G, Kang S, Lee W, Mun S, Han K. Comparative whole genome analysis of face-derived Streptococcus infantis CX-4 unravels the functions related to skin barrier. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:499-510. [PMID: 38453815 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin microbiome is essential in guarding against harmful pathogens and responding to environmental changes by generating substances useful in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Among these microorganisms, Streptococcus is a bacterial species identified in various isolation sources. In 2021, a strain of Streptococcus infantis, CX-4, was identified from facial skin and found to be linked to skin structure and elasticity. As the skin-derived strain differs from other S. infantis strains, which are usually of oral origin, it emphasizes the significance of bacterial variation by the environment. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the unique characteristics of the CX-4 compared to seven oral-derived Streptococcus strains based on the Whole-Genome Sequencing data, focusing on its potential role in skin health and its possible application in cosmetic strategies. METHODS The genome of the CX-4 strain was constructed using PacBio Sequencing, with the assembly performed using the SMRT protocol. Comparative whole-genome analysis was then performed with seven closely related strains, utilizing web-based tools like PATRIC, OrthoVenn3, and EggNOG-mapper, for various analyses, including protein association analysis using STRING. RESULTS Our analysis unveiled a substantial number of Clusters of Orthologous Groups in diverse functional categories in CX-4, among which sphingosine kinase (SphK) emerged as a unique product, exclusively present in the CX-4 strain. SphK is a critical enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, generating sphingosine-1-phosphate. The study also brought potential associations with isoprene formation and retinoic acid synthesis, the latter being a metabolite of vitamin A, renowned for its crucial function in promoting skin cell growth, differentiation, and maintaining of skin barrier integrity. These findings collectively suggest the potential of the CX-4 strain in enhancing of skin barrier functionality. CONCLUSION Our research underscores the potential of the skin-derived S. infantis CX-4 strain by revealing unique bacterial compounds and their potential roles on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeun Lee
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geol Lee
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - HyungWoo Jo
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Heo
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeyun Baek
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Been Kim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunhwa Park
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kang
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseok Lee
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Mun
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cosmedical and Materials, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Yoo JE, Huh Y, Kim E, Park SH, Han K, Kim HS, Ahn JS, Park HS, Cho KH, Jun SH, Nam GE. Association between dental diseases and oral hygiene care and the risk of vertebral fracture: a nationwide cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:635-644. [PMID: 38095696 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Periodontal disease and increased missing teeth were associated with incident vertebral fractures. In contrast, professional dental cleaning and frequent tooth brushing, was associated with a lower risk of vertebral fracture. Better oral hygiene care attenuated the risk associated with dental diseases. PURPOSE To investigate the association between oral health and the risk of vertebral fractures. METHODS We included 2,532,253 individuals aged ≥40 years who underwent the Korean National Health Insurance Service health examinations in 2008 and followed up until December 31, 2017. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to evaluate the association between dental diseases and oral hygiene care and the risk of vertebral fractures. RESULTS Over the 9.3-year median follow-up, 1.46% (n = 36,857) experienced vertebral fractures. Individuals with dental diseases had a higher risk of vertebral fracture than those without (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.07 for periodontal diseases; 1.02, 1.00-1.05 for dental caries; 1.12, 1.05-1.20 for ≥15 missing teeth). Good oral hygiene care was associated with a lower vertebral fracture risk (HR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.86-0.91 for ≥1 time/year [vs. <1 time/year] of professional dental cleaning; 0.90, 0.87-0.93 for ≥2 times/day [vs. 0-1 time/day] of toothbrushing). The combined dental diseases was significantly associated with an increased vertebral fracture risk, whereas combined oral hygiene care was associated with further risk reduction. Better oral hygiene care reduced vertebral fracture risk associated with dental diseases (all P <0.001). CONCLUSION Periodontal disease, dental caries, and an increased number of missing teeth were independently associated with higher risks for vertebral fractures. Conversely, improved oral hygiene care, such as personal dental cleaning and frequent tooth brushing, may modify vertebral fracture risks associated with dental disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Huh
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Euyhyun Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Kim Hyun Seok Plastic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Ahn
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Jun
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, 08308, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jung YH, Lee HY, Lee BK, Choi BK, Kim TH, Kim JW, Kim HC, Kim HJ, Jeung KW. Feasibility of Magnetic Resonance-Based Conductivity Imaging as a Tool to Estimate the Severity of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in the First Hours After Cardiac Arrest. Neurocrit Care 2024; 40:538-550. [PMID: 37353670 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early identification of the severity of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) after cardiac arrest can be used to help plan appropriate subsequent therapy. We evaluated whether conductivity of cerebral tissue measured using magnetic resonance-based conductivity imaging (MRCI), which provides contrast derived from the concentration and mobility of ions within the imaged tissue, can reflect the severity of HIBI in the early hours after cardiac arrest. METHODS Fourteen minipigs were resuscitated after 5 min or 12 min of untreated cardiac arrest. MRCI was performed at baseline and at 1 h and 3.5 h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). RESULTS In both groups, the conductivity of cerebral tissue significantly increased at 1 h after ROSC compared with that at baseline (P = 0.031 and 0.016 in the 5-min and 12-min groups, respectively). The increase was greater in the 12-min group, resulting in significantly higher conductivity values in the 12-min group (P = 0.030). At 3.5 h after ROSC, the conductivity of cerebral tissue in the 12-min group remained increased (P = 0.022), whereas that in the 5-min group returned to its baseline level. CONCLUSIONS The conductivity of cerebral tissue was increased in the first hours after ROSC, and the increase was more prominent and lasted longer in the 12-min group than in the 5-min group. Our findings suggest the promising potential of MRCI as a tool to estimate the severity of HIBI in the early hours after cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hun Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Donggu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Youn Lee
- Trauma Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kook Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Donggu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bup Kyung Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joong Kim
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Woon Jeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Donggu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Chae U, Chun H, Lim J, Shin H, Smith WC, Choi JW, Park KD, Lee CJ, Cho IJ. KDS2010, a reversible MAO-B inhibitor, extends the lifetime of neural probes by preventing glial scar formation. Glia 2024; 72:748-758. [PMID: 38200694 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Implantable neural probes have been extensively utilized in the fields of neurocircuitry, systems neuroscience, and brain-computer interface. However, the long-term functionality of these devices is hampered by the formation of glial scar and astrogliosis at the surface of electrodes. In this study, we administered KDS2010, a recently developed reversible MAO-B inhibitor, to mice through ad libitum drinking in order to prevent glial scar formation and astrogliosis. The administration of KDS2010 allowed long-term recordings of neural signals with implantable devices, which remained stable over a period of 6 months and even restored diminished neural signals after probe implantation. KDS2010 effectively prevented the formation of glial scar, which consists of reactive astrocytes and activated microglia around the implant. Furthermore, it restored neural activity by disinhibiting astrocytic MAO-B dependent tonic GABA inhibition induced by astrogliosis. We suggest that the use of KDS2010 is a promising approach to prevent glial scar formation around the implant, thereby enabling long-term functionality of neural devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uikyu Chae
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Chun
- Yonsei-SLBigen Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoon Lim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyogeun Shin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wesley Charles Smith
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Joo Cho
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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An J, Lee J. Comparison of check-all-that-apply and intensity rating in orange juice and yogurt studies. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1177-1187. [PMID: 38440678 PMCID: PMC10908659 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compared check-all-that-apply (CATA) and rating methods using simple flavor foods and determined the discrimination ability of two consumer-based methods. Orange juice (simple flavor and liquid) and yogurt (simple flavor and semi-solid) samples were used. Six samples with different flavors and textures were evaluated for each food group. One hundred twenty consumers participated in each food session. CATA and rating were performed in two visits at weekly intervals. Consumers in each session distinguished the sample characteristics, and similar results were obtained using the CATA and rating methods. Although the number of characteristics with a significant difference in the rating method was relatively higher than that of CATA, some attributes with low frequency and intensity values may not have a significant effect on sample discrimination. Therefore, the types of questionnaire should be selected considering the test objectives and how similar the samples were. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01413-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye An
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 South Korea
| | - Jeehyun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 South Korea
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Lee JH, Lee JH, Chang MC. Association of Range of Motion Deficit and Recurrence of Pain After Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis. Pain Ther 2024; 13:241-249. [PMID: 38315379 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-024-00578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the factors influencing the duration of significant pain reduction after conservative management for adhesive capsulitis (AC). METHODS Follow-up for 6-8 months was performed with 141 patients with AC who experienced significant pain reduction after treatment. Clinical and demographic factors, numeric rating scale (NRS) scores, and shoulder range of motion (ROM) were collected and assessed pretreatment (T0), at 5 weeks post-treatment (T1), and at 6-8 months post-treatment (T2). Patients were divided into successful (n = 96) and unsuccessful (n = 45) NRS groups according to the degree of pain reduction at T2. We assessed post-treatment NRS and ROM improvement scores within each group and compared these parameters between the two groups. RESULTS Significant NRS and ROM improvements were achieved in all patients who participated in our study. The unsuccessful NRS group demonstrated a lack of significant improvement in abduction at T1 and T2. All T1 and shoulder ROM measurements among the unsuccessful NRS group were significantly smaller than those among the successful NRS group. CONCLUSIONS Failure to achieve a significant improvement in abduction angle after conservative management of AC was significantly associated with pain recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Lee
- Namdarun Rehabilitation Clinic, 112-11, Seongbok 1-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyung Hee Daero, Dongdaemun Gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 317-1, Daemyungdong, Namku, Daegu, 705-717, Republic of Korea.
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Kang YH, Kim MS, Kang SY, Hyun JE, Hwang CY. Optimal microneedle length for hair regrowth in hair cycle arrest (alopecia X) in six dogs. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:184-193. [PMID: 38057943 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair cycle arrest (HCA) is a chronic alopecic disorder in dogs. Clinical responses vary and are often insufficient. Microneedling (MN) has been used as a successful treatment for HCA in dogs; ideal protocols have not yet been established. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of three needle lengths for MN in dogs with HCA. ANIMALS Six unrelated client-owned dogs, including five Pomeranians and one mixed-breed dog, diagnosed with HCA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individual alopecic sites were divided into three sections. For each section, different lengths of needles (1, 2 and 3 mm) were used. Efficacy and safety were evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 months. Treated sections were monitored for 20 months. RESULTS Three months after treatment with 3 mm needles, all sections showed hair regrowth. There was no hair regrowth in two of six sections treated with 2 mm needles, and four of six sections did not show a response to treatment with 1 mm needles. Two dogs developed transient pruritus. Five of six dogs had recurrent hair loss between 5 and 16 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Microneedling using longer needles stimulated better hair regrowth in dogs with HCA. Alopecia relapsed in most dogs and minor pruritus occurred in some dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Hun Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Dermatology and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Dermatology and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soh-Yoon Kang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Dermatology and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Hyun
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Yong Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Dermatology and the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yang J, Choi J, Choi WM, Kim KM, Lee HC, Shim JH. Response to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab specific for lung and lymph node metastases affects survival of patients with HCC. Liver Int 2024; 44:907-919. [PMID: 38291863 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tumour microenvironment heterogeneity among different organs can influence immunotherapy responses. Here, we evaluated the impact of differential organ-specific responses on survival in patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev). METHODS We retrospectively analysed 366 consecutive patients with advanced-stage HCC treated with Atezo/Bev as first-line systemic treatment. Therapeutic response was assessed using RECIST v1.1. Patients were divided into an intention-to-treat (ITT) group (patients treated with ≥1 dose of Atezo/Bev) and a per-protocol (PP) analysis group (patients with at least one measurable lesion irrespective of location treated with ≥3 doses of Atezo/Bev). Overall response and organ-specific response at initial and best response were evaluated in the PP group. Responders were defined as patients achieving complete remission or partial response. Initial progressors were defined as patients with progressive disease after three doses of Atezo/Bev. RESULTS The ITT and PP groups comprised 324 and 236 patients, respectively. In the PP group, the organ-specific response rate of lung and lymph node (LN) metastases at both initial and best responses were higher than those of intrahepatic lesions and macrovascular tumour thrombosis. Lung and LN-specific response rates were 21.1% and 23.5%, respectively, at initial response, and 24.7% and 31.4%, respectively, at best response. Both initial pulmonary and lymphatic progressors (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals], 6.37 [2.10-19.3], and 8.36 [2.16-32.4], respectively) were independently associated with survival regardless of intrahepatic response. CONCLUSIONS The response of metastatic HCC to the Atezo/Bev regimen may be used to determine whether to continue treatment or switch to second-line treatment at an early phase of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggi Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Mook Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Mo Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Chu Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Shim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi Y, Kim N. Sex Difference of Colon Adenoma Pathway and Colorectal Carcinogenesis. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:256-282. [PMID: 37652658 PMCID: PMC10949019 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity in both sexes but shows sex differences. First, sex-specific differences in tumor recurrence and survival rates have been reported. For example, the development of CRC is found about 1.5 times higher and 4-8 years earlier in males compared to females, suggesting the protective role of estrogen in the disease. Furthermore, female patients have a higher risk of developing right-sided (proximal) colon cancer than male patients, which is known to have more aggressive clinical character compared to left-sided (distal) colon cancer. That is, left and right CRCs show differences in carcinogenic mechanism, that the chromosomal instability pathway is more common in left colon cancer while the microsatellite instability and serrated pathways are more common in right colon cancer. It is thought that there are sex-based differences on the background of carcinogenesis of CRC. Sex differences of CRC have two aspects, sexual dimorphism (biological differences in hormones and genes) and gender differences (non-biological differences in societal attitudes and behavior). Recently, sex difference of colon adenoma pathway and sexual dimorphism in the biology of gene and protein expression, and in endocrine cellular signaling in the CRC carcinogenesis have been accumulated. In addition, behavioral patterns can lead to differences in exposure to risk factors such as drinking or smoking, diet and physical activity. Therefore, understanding sex/gender-related biological and sociocultural differences in CRC risk will help in providing strategies for screening, treatment and prevention protocols to reduce the mortality and improve the quality of life. In this review, sex/gender differences in colon adenoma pathway and various aspects such as clinicopathological, biological, molecular, and socio-cultural aspects of CRC were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghoon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Han K, Ryu L. Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Inter-Reader Agreement Among Three or More Readers. Korean J Radiol 2024; 25:325-327. [PMID: 38528689 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwa Han
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Leeha Ryu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SY, Kim SM, Oyungerel B, Cho GJ. Single nucleotide polymorphisms for parentage testing of horse breeds in Korea. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:600-608. [PMID: 37905321 PMCID: PMC10915227 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the usability single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for parentage testing of horse breeds in Korea. METHODS The genotypes of 93 horse samples (38 Thoroughbred horses, 17 Jeju horses, 20 Quarter horses, and 18 American miniature horses) were determined using 15 microsatellite (Ms) markers (AHT4, AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS1, HMS2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HTG4, HTG10, LEX3, and VHL20) and 101 SNP markers. RESULTS Paternity tests were performed using 15 Ms markers and 101 SNP markers in Thoroughbred horses and Quarter horses. AHT5, ASB2, ASB17, ASB23, CA425, HMS7, HTG10, and LEX3 did not follow Mendelian inheritance in Thoroughbred horses, whereas in Quarter horses, only AHT4, ASB2, and HMS2 showed Mendelian inheritance, consequently, paternity was not established. Meanwhile, 31 markers, including MNEc_2_2_ 2_98568918_BIEC2_502451, in Thoroughbred horses, and 30 markers, including MNEc_ 2_30_7430735_BIEC2_816793, in Quarter horses did not conform with Mendelian inheritance and therefore, could not be used for establishing parentage. CONCLUSION The possibility of replacing Ms markers with SNP markers for paternity testing in horses was confirmed. However, further research using more samples is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Lee
- Racing Laboratory, Korea Racing Authority, Gwacheon 13822,
Korea
| | - Su-Min Kim
- Department of Horse Industry, Sung Woon University, Yeongcheon 38801,
Korea
| | - Baatartsogt Oyungerel
- School of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar17024,
Mongolia
| | - Gil-Jae Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
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Cha DH, Kim GH, Nepal RU, Nepal MR, Jeong TC. A convenient spectrophotometric test for screening skin-sensitizing chemicals using reactivity with glutathione in chemico. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:203-213. [PMID: 38525138 PMCID: PMC10959841 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
To initiate skin sensitization, haptens react with endogenous proteins. During this process, skin sensitizers react with small endogenous molecules containing thiol or amino groups. In this study, a simple spectrophotometric method to identify skin sensitizers in chemico was developed using the reactivity of glutathione (GSH) with test chemicals in a 96-well plate. To quantitate the remaining GSH following the reaction with a skin sensitizer, 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) was employed. The optimized experimental conditions included the pH- and time-dependent stability of GSH, stability of derivatized products of GSH with optimal concentration and incubation time of DTNB, incubation time of GSH with the test chemicals, and molar ratios of GSH to the test chemicals. With the optimized conditions with both acetonitrile and DMSO as vehicles and incubation of GSH with test chemicals in 1:10 and 1:15 ratios for 24 h at 4 °C, 23 skin sensitizers and 23 non-sensitizers, based on the local lymph node assay, were tested to determine the predictive capacity of individual conditions. The best result showed a predictive capacity of 95.2% sensitivity, 91.3% specificity, and 93.2% accuracy, with 93.2% consistency in three trials, when 5.8% depletion was used as a cut-off value in 1:10 of GSH:test chemicals in DMSO. It would be an economic and useful screening tool for determining the skin sensitization potential of small molecules, because the present method employs simple endogenous GSH as an electron donor for sensitizers with a spectrophotometric detection system in 96-well plates, and because the method requires neither experimental animals nor cell cultures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-023-00218-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ho Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul U. Nepal
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh R. Nepal
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Cheon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541 Republic of Korea
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Suh PS, Park JE, Roh YH, Kim S, Jung M, Koo YS, Lee SA, Choi Y, Kim HS. Improving Diagnostic Performance of MRI for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Deep Learning-Based Image Reconstruction in Patients With Suspected Focal Epilepsy. Korean J Radiol 2024; 25:374-383. [PMID: 38528695 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic performance and image quality of 1.5-mm slice thickness MRI with deep learning-based image reconstruction (1.5-mm MRI + DLR) compared to routine 3-mm slice thickness MRI (routine MRI) and 1.5-mm slice thickness MRI without DLR (1.5-mm MRI without DLR) for evaluating temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 117 MR image sets comprising 1.5-mm MRI + DLR, 1.5-mm MRI without DLR, and routine MRI from 117 consecutive patients (mean age, 41 years; 61 female; 34 patients with TLE and 83 without TLE). Two neuroradiologists evaluated the presence of hippocampal or temporal lobe lesions, volume loss, signal abnormalities, loss of internal structure of the hippocampus, and lesion conspicuity in the temporal lobe. Reference standards for TLE were independently constructed by neurologists using clinical and radiological findings. Subjective image quality, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were analyzed. Performance in diagnosing TLE, lesion findings, and image quality were compared among the three protocols. RESULTS The pooled sensitivity of 1.5-mm MRI + DLR (91.2%) for diagnosing TLE was higher than that of routine MRI (72.1%, P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, 1.5-mm MRI + DLR showed higher sensitivity for hippocampal lesions than routine MRI (92.7% vs. 75.0%, P = 0.001), with improved depiction of hippocampal T2 high signal intensity change (P = 0.016) and loss of internal structure (P < 0.001). However, the pooled specificity of 1.5-mm MRI + DLR (76.5%) was lower than that of routine MRI (89.2%, P = 0.004). Compared with 1.5-mm MRI without DLR, 1.5-mm MRI + DLR resulted in significantly improved pooled accuracy (91.2% vs. 73.1%, P = 0.010), image quality, SNR, and CNR (all, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The use of 1.5-mm MRI + DLR enhanced the performance of MRI in diagnosing TLE, particularly in hippocampal evaluation, because of improved depiction of hippocampal abnormalities and enhanced image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pae Sun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Hwa Roh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatics, University of Ulsan college of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Jung
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seo Koo
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangsean Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Go H, Jung HI, Ahn SV, Ahn J, Shin H, Amano A, Choi YH. Trend in the Incidence of Severe Partial Edentulism among Adults Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Claim Data, 2014-2018. Yonsei Med J 2024; 65:234-240. [PMID: 38515361 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Missing teeth is one of the most important indicators of oral health behavior and the result of dental caries, periodontal disease, and injuries. This study examined a trend in the incidence of severe partial edentulism (SPE) using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS) data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of adults aged ≥20 years were obtained from the KNHIS for the 2014-2018 period. SPE was defined in dental information within a population with a treatment history of dental scaling as having 1 to 8 natural teeth. Crude incidence rates (CIRs) and age-standardized incidence rates (AIRs) with 95% confidence interval were calculated per 100000 persons. The Cochran Armitage trend (CAT) test and average annual percentage change were used to analyze SPE trends. RESULTS The CIRs among Korean adults were from 346.29 to 391.11 in 2014-2016 and from 391.11 to 354.09 in 2016-2018. The AIRs trend statistically increased by 4.31% from 346.29 to 376.80 and decreased by 4.72% from 376.80 to 342.10. The AIRs in men increased by 4.00% and decreased by 3.01%. The AIRs in women decreased by 2.18% and increased by 2.11% (CAT; p<0.01). The AIRs by region and income also showed trends of increase and decrease. CONCLUSION The study showed that the incidence trend of SPE increased and decreased from 2014 to 2018. This result would be able to aid in the planning of public oral health, and may also serve as fundamental data for verifying the impact of the public oral health policies implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjeong Go
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hoi-In Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song Vogue Ahn
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Ahn
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hosung Shin
- Department of Social and Humanity in Dentistry, Wonkwang University School of Dentistry, Iksan, Korea
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Institute for Translational Research in Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Ahn S, Chang Y, Kwon R, Kang J, Choi J, Lim GY, Kwon MR, Ryu S, Shin J. Mammography-based deep learning model for coronary artery calcification. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 25:456-466. [PMID: 37988168 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jead307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mammography, commonly used for breast cancer screening in women, can also predict cardiovascular disease. We developed mammography-based deep learning models for predicting coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, an established predictor of coronary events. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated a subset of Korean adults who underwent image mammography and CAC computed tomography and randomly selected approximately 80% of the participants as the training dataset, used to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict detectable CAC. The sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), and overall accuracy of the model's performance were evaluated. The training and validation datasets included 5235 and 1208 women, respectively [mean age, 52.6 (±10.2) years], including non-zero cases (46.8%). The CNN-based deep learning prediction model based on the Resnet18 model showed the best performance. The model was further improved using contrastive learning strategies based on positive and negative samples: sensitivity, 0.764 (95% CI, 0.667-0.830); specificity, 0.652 (95% CI, 0.614-0.710); AUROC, 0.761 (95% CI, 0.742-0.780); and accuracy, 70.8% (95% CI, 68.8-72.4). Moreover, including age and menopausal status in the model further improved its performance (AUROC, 0.776; 95% CI, 0.762-0.790). The Framingham risk score yielded an AUROC of 0.736 (95% CI, 0.712-0.761). CONCLUSION Mammography-based deep learning models showed promising results for predicting CAC, performing comparably to conventional risk models. This indicates mammography's potential for dual-risk assessment in breast cancer and cardiovascular disease. Further research is necessary to validate these findings in diverse populations, with a particular focus on representation from national breast screening programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangil Ahn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16149, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Main Building B2, 250, Taepyung-ro 2ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ria Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - JunHyeok Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ri Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Main Building B2, 250, Taepyung-ro 2ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jitae Shin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16149, Republic of Korea
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Son B, Lee J, Ryu S, Park Y, Kim SH. Timing and impact of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy insertion in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a comprehensive analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7103. [PMID: 38531942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysphagia is common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, often requiring percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for enteral nutrition. We retrospectively analyzed data from 188 Korean patients with ALS who underwent PEG tube insertion at five-time points: symptom onset (t1), diagnosis (t2), recommended time for gastrostomy (t3), PEG insertion (t4), and one-year post-insertion (t5). The recommended time point for gastrostomy (T-rec for gastrostomy) was defined as the earlier time point between a weight loss of more than 10% and advanced dysphagia indicated by the ALSFRS-R swallowing subscore of 2 or less. The T-rec for gastrostomy was reached at 22 months after symptom onset, followed by PEG insertion at 30 months, resulting in an 8-month delay. During the delay, the ALSFRS-R declined most rapidly at 1.7 points/month, compared to 0.8 points/month from symptom onset to diagnosis, 0.7 points/month from diagnosis to T-rec for gastrostomy, and 0.6 points/month after the PEG insertion. It is crucial to discuss PEG insertion before significant weight loss or severe dysphagia occurs and minimize the delay between the recommended time for gastrostomy and the actual PEG insertion. A stratified and individualized multidisciplinary team approach with careful symptom monitoring and proactive management plans, including early PEG insertion, should be prioritized to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugyeong Son
- Cell Therapy Center, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Jisu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Soorack Ryu
- Biostatistical Consulting and Research Lab, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Cell Therapy Center, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, 222-1 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
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Park M, Shin SY, Moon H, Choi W, Shin C. Analysis of the global transcriptome and miRNAome associated with seed dormancy during seed maturation in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare). BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:215. [PMID: 38532331 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed dormancy is a biological mechanism that prevents germination until favorable conditions for the subsequent generation of plants are encountered. Therefore, this mechanism must be effectively established during seed maturation. Studies investigating the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice embryos and endosperms at various maturation stages to evaluate seed dormancy are limited. This study aimed to compare the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice seeds during seed maturation. RESULTS Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare seeds were sampled for embryos and endosperms at three maturation stages: 30, 45, and 60 days after heading (DAH). The pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) assay was conducted to assess the level of dormancy in the seeds at each maturation stage. At 60 DAH, the PHS rate was significantly increased compared to those at 30 and 45 DAH, indicating that the dormancy is broken during the later maturation stage (45 DAH to 60 DAH). However, the largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were identified between 30 and 60 DAH in the embryo and endosperm, implying that the gradual changes in genes and miRNAs from 30 to 60 DAH may play a significant role in breaking seed dormancy. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses confirmed that DEGs related to plant hormones were most abundant in the embryo during 45 DAH to 60 DAH and 30 DAH to 60 DAH transitions. Alternatively, most of the DEGs in the endosperm were related to energy and abiotic stress. MapMan analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction identified four newly profiled auxin-related genes (OsSAUR6/12/23/25) and one ethylene-related gene (OsERF087), which may be involved in seed dormancy during maturation. Additionally, miRNA target prediction (psRNATarget) and degradome dataset (TarDB) indicated a potential association between osa-miR531b and ethylene biosynthesis gene (OsACO4), along with osa-miR390-5p and the abscisic acid (ABA) exporter-related gene (OsMATE19) as factors involved in seed dormancy. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the transcriptome and miRNAome of rice embryos and endosperms during seed maturation provided new insights into seed dormancy, particularly its relationship with plant hormones such as ABA, auxin, and ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Shin
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongman Moon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochang Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for Plant Plasticity, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Kim C, Kim H, Jung D, Kim H, Park Y, Han MC, Hong CS, Kim H, Lee H, Sung J, Kim DW, Kim JS. Evaluation of the deliverability of dynamic conformal arc therapy (DCAT) by gantry wobble and its influence on dose. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7134. [PMID: 38532018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the deliverability of dynamic conformal arc therapy (DCAT) by gantry wobble owing to the intrinsic inter-segment break of the Elekta linear accelerator (LINAC) and its adverse influence on the dose to the patient. The deliverability of DCAT was evaluated according to the plan parameters, which affect the gantry rotation speed and resultant positional inaccuracies; the deliverability according to the number of control points and dose rates was investigated by using treatment machine log files and dosimetry devices, respectively. A non-negligible degradation in DCAT deliverability due to gantry wobble was observed in both the treatment machine log files and dosimetry devices. The resulting dose-delivery error occurred below a certain number of control points or above a certain dose rate. Dose simulations in the patient domain showed a similar impact on deteriorated deliverability. For targets located primarily in the isocenter, the dose differences were negligible, whereas for organs at risk located mainly off-isocenter, the dose differences were significant up to - 8.77%. To ensure safe and accurate radiotherapy, optimal plan parameters should be selected, and gantry angle-specific validations should be conducted before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongmin Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heesoo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeonok Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center, Proton Therapy Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae-Seon Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojin Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinsil Sung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin Sung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Li Y, Ren J, Liu S, Zhao B, Liang Z, Jee MH, Qin H, Su W, Woo HY, Gao C. Tailoring the Molecular Planarity of Perylene Diimide-Based Third Component toward Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells. Small 2024:e2401176. [PMID: 38529741 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating a third component into binary organic solar cells (b-OSCs) has provided a potential platform to boost power conversion efficiency (PCEs). However, gaining control over the non-equilibrium blend morphology via the molecular design of the perylene diimide (PDI)-based third component toward efficient ternary organic solar cells (t-OSCs) still remains challenging. Herein, two novel PDI derivatives are developed with tailored molecular planarity, namely ufBTz-2PDI and fBTz-2PDI, as the third component for t-OSCs. Notably, after performing a cyclization reaction, the twisted ufBTz-2PDI with an amorphous character transferred to the highly planar fBTz-2PDI followed by a semi-crystalline character. When incorporating the semi-crystalline fBTz-2PDI into the D18:L8-BO system, the resultant t-OSC achieved an impressive PCE of 18.56%, surpassing the 17.88% attained in b-OSCs. In comparison, the addition of amorphous ufBTz-2PDI into the binary system facilitates additional charge trap sites and results in a deteriorative PCE of 14.37%. Additionally, The third component fBTz-2PDI possesses a good generality in optimizing the PCEs of several b-OSCs systems are demonstrated. The results not only provided a novel A-DA'D-A motif for further designing efficient third component but also demonstrated the crucial role of modulated crystallinity of the PDI-based third component in optimizing PCEs of t-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, P. R. China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, P. R. China
| | - Zezhou Liang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi, Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information School of Electronics Science & Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Min Hun Jee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongmei Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, P. R. China
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Ham S, Kim SS, Park S, Kwon HC, Ha SG, Bae Y, Lee GY, Lee SJV. Combinatorial transcriptomic and genetic dissection of insulin/IGF-1 signaling-regulated longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2024:e14151. [PMID: 38529797 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Classical genetic analysis is invaluable for understanding the genetic interactions underlying specific phenotypes, but requires laborious and subjective experiments to characterize polygenic and quantitative traits. Contrarily, transcriptomic analysis enables the simultaneous and objective identification of multiple genes whose expression changes are associated with specific phenotypes. Here, we conducted transcriptomic analysis of genes crucial for longevity using datasets with daf-2/insulin/IGF-1 receptor mutant Caenorhabditis elegans. Our analysis unraveled multiple epistatic relationships at the transcriptomic level, in addition to verifying genetically established interactions. Our combinatorial analysis also revealed transcriptomic changes associated with longevity conferred by daf-2 mutations. In particular, we demonstrated that the extent of lifespan changes caused by various mutant alleles of the longevity transcription factor daf-16/FOXO matched their effects on transcriptomic changes in daf-2 mutants. We identified specific aging-regulating signaling pathways and subsets of structural and functional RNA elements altered by different genes in daf-2 mutants. Lastly, we elucidated the functional cooperation between several longevity regulators, based on the combination of transcriptomic and molecular genetic analysis. These data suggest that different biological processes coordinately exert their effects on longevity in biological networks. Together our work demonstrates the utility of transcriptomic dissection analysis for identifying important genetic interactions for physiological processes, including aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokjin Ham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sieun S Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sangsoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo C Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seokjun G Ha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yunkyu Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Gee-Yoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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