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Rashid A, Roatta S. Hemodynamic changes in the temporalis and masseter muscles during acute stress in healthy humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1217-1226. [PMID: 37973651 PMCID: PMC10954966 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autonomic control of orofacial areas is an integral part of the stress response, controlling functions such as pupil dilatation, salivation, and skin blood flow. However, the specific control of blood flow in head muscles during stress is unknown. This study aims to investigate the hemodynamic response of temporalis and masseter muscles in response to five different stressors. METHODS Sixteen healthy individuals were subjected to a randomized series of stressors, including cold pressor test, mental arithmetic test, apnea, isometric handgrip, and post-handgrip muscle ischemia, while in the sitting posture. Finger-pulse photoplethysmography was used to measure arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure changes in tissue oxygenation and hemoglobin indices from the temporalis and masseter muscles. RESULTS All stressors effectively and significantly increased arterial blood pressure. Tissue oxygenation index significantly increased in both investigated head muscles during mental arithmetic test (temporalis: 4.22 ± 3.52%; masseter: 3.43 ± 3.63%) and isometric handgrip (temporalis: 3.45 ± 3.09%; masseter: 3.26 ± 3.07%), suggesting increased muscle blood flow. Neither the masseter nor the temporalis muscles evidenced a vasoconstrictive response to any of the stressors tested. CONCLUSION In the different conditions, temporalis and masseter muscles exhibited similar hemodynamic patterns of response, which do not include the marked vasoconstriction generally observed in limb muscles. The peculiar sympathetic control of head muscles is possibly related to the involvement of these muscles in aggressive/defensive reactions and/or to their unfavorable position with regard to hydrostatic blood levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Rashid
- Lab of Integrative Physiology, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvestro Roatta
- Lab of Integrative Physiology, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
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Martinelli S, Rolfo A, Pace C, Canu L, Nuzzo AM, Giuffrida D, Gaglioti P, Todros T. Anatomical and functional changes of the fetal adrenal gland in intrauterine growth restriction. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38532440 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to demonstrate the establishment of adrenal sparing in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) human fetuses. IUGR fetuses are a subgroup of small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses that are unable to reach their own growth potential because of chronic hypoxia and undernutrition. We hypothesized that in IUGR fetuses the adrenal gland is relatively larger and secretion of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), and cortisol is increased. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective observational study including 65 singleton pregnancies (42 IUGR and 23 controls). Using two-dimensional ultrasound, we measured fetal adrenal diameters and adrenal/abdominal circumference (AD/AC) ratio between 25 and 37 weeks. We considered only one measurement per fetus. In 21 pregnancies we also measured NA, A, and cortisol levels in arterial and venous fetal cord blood collected at the time of delivery. RESULTS The AD/AC ratio was significantly higher in IUGR fetuses than in controls. Cord NA and A levels were significantly higher in IUGR fetuses than in controls. An increase in cortisol secretion in IUGR fetuses was observed but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Adrenal sparing correlates with a relative increase in adrenal measurements and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Martinelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
- European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors, (ENS@T) Center of Excellence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rolfo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pace
- AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Sant' Anna Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Letizia Canu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
- European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors, (ENS@T) Center of Excellence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nuzzo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Gaglioti
- AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Sant' Anna Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Tullia Todros
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Sant' Anna Hospital, Turin, Italy
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Crisci I, Bonzano S, Nicolas Z, Dallorto E, Peretto P, Krezel W, De Marchis S. Tamoxifen exerts direct and microglia-mediated effects preventing neuroinflammatory changes in the adult mouse hippocampal neurogenic niche. Glia 2024. [PMID: 38515286 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Tamoxifen-inducible systems are widely used in research to control Cre-mediated gene deletion in genetically modified animals. Beyond Cre activation, tamoxifen also exerts off-target effects, whose consequences are still poorly addressed. Here, we investigated the impact of tamoxifen on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory responses, focusing on the neurogenic activity in the adult mouse dentate gyrus. We demonstrated that a four-day LPS treatment led to an increase in microglia, astrocytes and radial glial cells with concomitant reduction of newborn neurons. These effects were counteracted by a two-day tamoxifen pre-treatment. Through selective microglia depletion, we elucidated that both LPS and tamoxifen influenced astrogliogenesis via microglia mediated mechanisms, while the effects on neurogenesis persisted even in a microglia-depleted environment. Notably, changes in radial glial cells resulted from a combination of microglia-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Overall, our data reveal that tamoxifen treatment per se does not alter the balance between adult neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis but does modulate cellular responses to inflammatory stimuli exerting a protective role within the adult hippocampal neurogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Crisci
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Sara Bonzano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Zinter Nicolas
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eleonora Dallorto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Paolo Peretto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Wojciech Krezel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Silvia De Marchis
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- NICO-Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
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Degiuli M, Aguilar AHR, Solej M, Azzolina D, Marchiori G, Corcione F, Bracale U, Peltrini R, Di Nuzzo MM, Baldazzi G, Cassini D, Sica GS, Pirozzi B, Muratore A, Calabrò M, Jovine E, Lombardi R, Anania G, Chiozza M, Petz W, Pizzini P, Persiani R, Biondi A, Reddavid R. A Randomized Phase III Trial of Complete Mesocolic Excision Compared with Conventional Surgery for Right Colon Cancer: Interim Analysis of a Nationwide Multicenter Study of the Italian Society of Surgical Oncology Colorectal Cancer Network (CoME-in trial). Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1671-1680. [PMID: 38087139 PMCID: PMC10838239 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although complete mesocolic excision (CME) is supposed to be associated with a higher lymph node (LN) yield, decreased local recurrence, and survival improvement, its implementation currently is debated because the evidence level of these data is rather low and still not supported by randomized controlled trials. METHOD This is a multicenter, randomized, superiority trial (NCT04871399). The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) was the primary end point of the study. The secondary end points were safety (duration of operation, perioperative complications, hospital length of stay), oncologic outcomes (number of LNs retrieved, 3- and 5-year overall survival, 5-year DFS), and surgery quality (specimen length, area and integrity rate of mesentery, length of ileocolic and middle-colic vessels). The trial design required the LN yield to be higher in the CME group at interim analysis. RESULTS Interim data analysis is presented in this report. The study enrolled 258 patients in nine referral centers. The number of LNs retrieved was significantly higher after CME (25 vs. 20; p = 0.012). No differences were observed with respect to intra- or post-operative complications, postoperative mortality, or duration of surgery. The hospital stay was even shorter after CME (p = 0.039). Quality of surgery indicators were higher in the CME arm of the study. Survival data still were not available. CONCLUSIONS Interim data show that CME for right colon cancer in referral centers is safe and feasible and does not increase perioperative complications. The study documented with evidence that quality of surgery and LN yield are higher after CME, and this is essential for continuation of patient recruitment and implementation of an optimal comparison. Trial registration The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the code NCT04871399 and with the acronym CoME-In trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Degiuli
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Department of Oncology, San Luigi University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Aridai H Resendiz Aguilar
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Department of Oncology, San Luigi University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Mario Solej
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Department of Oncology, San Luigi University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Danila Azzolina
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Marchiori
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Corcione
- Chirurgia Oncologica e Miniinvasiva Clinica Mediterranea Napoli, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Bracale
- Minimally Invasive, General and Oncologic Surgery Unit, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Peltrini
- Minimally Invasive, General and Oncologic Surgery Unit, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria M Di Nuzzo
- Minimally Invasive, General and Oncologic Surgery Unit, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Diletta Cassini
- ASST Ovest Milanese, P.O. Nuovo Ospedale di Legnano, Legnano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe S Sica
- Minimally Invasive and Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Università e Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Pirozzi
- Minimally Invasive and Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Università e Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Muratore
- Surgical Department, Edoardo Agnelli Hospital, Pinerolo, Italy
| | | | - Elio Jovine
- IRCCS AOU of Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Anania
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiozza
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Wanda Petz
- Digestive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Pizzini
- Digestive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Persiani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Biondi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Reddavid
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Digestive Surgery, Department of Oncology, San Luigi University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano (Turin), Italy.
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Penna F, Garcia-Castillo L, Costelli P. Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes in the Control of the Musculoskeletal Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024:10.1007/s11914-024-00866-2. [PMID: 38424339 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review will highlight recent reports supporting the relevance of extracellular vesicles to the musculoskeletal system in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS Preserving the health of the musculoskeletal system is important to maintain a good quality of life, and the bone-muscle crosstalk is crucial in this regard. This latter is largely mediated by extracellular vesicles released by the different cell populations residing in muscle and bone, which deliver cargoes, microRNAs, and proteins being the most relevant ones, to target cells. Extracellular vesicles could be exploited as therapeutic tools, in view of their resistance to destruction in the biological fluid and of the possibility to be functionalized according to the need. Extracellular vesicles are recognized as crucial players in the bone-muscle cross-talk. Additional studies however are required to refine their use as biomarkers of early alterations of the musculoskeletal system, and as potential therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorena Garcia-Castillo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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Degiuli M, Azzolina D, Corcione F, Bracale U, Peltrini R, Baldazzi G, Sica GS, Muratore A, Jovine E, Anania G, Borin S, Persiani R, Reddavid R. ASO Author Reflections: Complete Mesocolic Excision Versus Conventional Surgery for Right Colon Cancer (CoME-in trial): An Interim Analysis of a Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1694-1695. [PMID: 38087137 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Degiuli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - D Azzolina
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Corcione
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - U Bracale
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Peltrini
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Baldazzi
- ASST OVEST MILANESE, P.O. Nuovo Ospedale di Legnano, Legnano, Italy
| | - G S Sica
- Minimally Invasive and Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit, Università e Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - A Muratore
- Edoardo Agnelli Hospital of Pinerolo, Pinerolo, Italy
| | - E Jovine
- University of Bologna, IRCCS AOU of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Anania
- Departement of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Borin
- Digestive Surgery European Institute of Oncology - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Persiani
- General Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Reddavid
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Italy.
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Cermelli A, Roveta F, Giorgis L, Boschi S, Grassini A, Ferrandes F, Lombardo C, Marcinnò A, Rubino E, Rainero I. Is headache a risk factor for dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:1017-1030. [PMID: 37721571 PMCID: PMC10858119 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we critically evaluate available evidence regarding the association between primary headaches and subsequent decline of cognitive function and dementia. BACKGROUND Recent studies suggested that headache disorders may increase the risk for dementia. However, available studies are conflicting. METHODS To identify qualifying studies, we searched scientific databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and BMC, screening for relevant papers. In order to reduce the heterogeneity between different studies, the analyses were further subdivided according to the clinical diagnoses and the study methodologies. RESULTS We identified 23 studies investigating the association between primary headaches and the risk of dementia. Of these, 18 met our inclusion criteria for meta-analysis (covering 924.140 individuals). Overall effect-size shows that primary headaches were associated with a small increase in dementia risk (OR = 1,15; CI 95%: 1,03-1,28; p = 0,02). Analyzing subgroups, we found that migraine was associated with both a moderate increased risk of all-cause dementia (OR = 1,26; p = 0,00; 95% CI: 1,13-1,40) as well as a moderate increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (OR = 2,00; p = 0,00; 95% CI: 1,46-2,75). This association was significant in both case-control and retrospective cohort studies but not in prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the presence of a link between primary headaches and dementia. However, in the subgroup analysis, only patients with migraine showed a moderate increase risk for all-cause dementia and for Alzheimer's disease. Additional rigorous studies are needed to elucidate the possible role of primary headaches on the risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Cermelli
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fausto Roveta
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Lia Giorgis
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Boschi
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Grassini
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferrandes
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Lombardo
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcinnò
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Rubino
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Corso Bramante 88, Turin, Italy
| | - Innocenzo Rainero
- Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience, ''Rita Levi Montalcini'', University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Corso Bramante 88, Turin, Italy.
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Giai Via R, Migliorini F, Bosco F, Onorato F, Secco DC, Giustra F, Lavia AD, Giachino M, Massè A. Superior outcomes of total hip arthroplasty without prior lumbar arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:699-711. [PMID: 37847406 PMCID: PMC10857961 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The number of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery after previous lumbar arthrodesis (LA) is rising. Literature suggests that LA may significantly impact pelvic biomechanics and potentially compromise the success of prosthetic hip replacement. This study aims to evaluate complication rates, dislocation rates, and revision rates in patients with prior LA undergoing THA surgery compared to those undergoing THA surgery without prior LA. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A PICOS template was developed to ensure a structured approach. The search for relevant studies was performed across five databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane. The selected articles were evaluated based on the Levels of Evidence (LoE) criteria. The Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS) was employed to analyze the retrospective studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). For the outcomes that allowed for a meta-analysis performed using R software, a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The final analysis included seventeen studies comprising a total of 3,139,164 cases of THA. Among these cases, 3,081,137 underwent THA surgery alone, while 58,027 patients underwent THA with a previous LA. The study investigated various factors, including dislocation rates, revision rates, and complication, as well as the surgical approach and type of implant used, for both the THA-only group and the group of patients who underwent THA with prior LA. The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) for all variables studied, favoring the group of patients who underwent THA alone without prior LA. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated a statistically significant superiority in all analyzed outcomes for patients who underwent THA-only without prior LA. Specifically, patients with isolated THA implants experienced significantly lower incidences of THA dislocation, wound complications, periprosthetic joint infection, revision, and mechanical complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Giai Via
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Medical Centre, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Onorato
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Carlo Secco
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Giachino
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Gatti M, Palmisano A, Gerboni M, Cau R, Pintus A, Porcu M, Tore D, Vignale D, Andreis A, Bergamasco L, De Ferrari GM, Esposito A, Saba L, Fonio P, Faletti R. Value of a short non-contrast CMR protocol in MINOCA. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:994-1002. [PMID: 37581660 PMCID: PMC10853081 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a short non-contrast CMR (ShtCMR) protocol relative to a matched standard comprehensive CMR (StdCMR) protocol in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included patients with a working diagnosis of MINOCA who underwent a StdCMR between January 2019 and December 2020. An expert and a non-expert reader performed a blinded reading with the ShtCMR (long-axis cine images, T2w-STIR, T1- and T2-mapping). A consensus reading of the StdCMR (reference standard) was performed at least 3 months after the ShtCMR reading session. Readers were asked to report the following: (1) diagnosis; (2) level of confidence in their diagnosis with the ShtCMR; (3) number of myocardial segments involved, and (4) functional parameters. RESULTS A total of 179 patients were enrolled. The ShtCMR lasted 21 ± 9 min and the StdCMR 45 ± 11 min (p < 0.0001). ShtCMR allowed reaching the same diagnosis as StdCMR in 85% of patients when interpreted by expert readers (rising from 66% for poor confidence to 99% for good, p = 0.0001) and in 73% (p = 0.01) by non-expert ones (60% for poor vs 89% for good confidence, p = 0.0001). Overall, the ShtCMR overestimated the ejection fraction, underestimated cardiac volumes (p < 0.01), and underestimated the number of segments involved by pathology (p = 0.0008) when compared with the StdCMR. CONCLUSION The ShtCMR was found to be a debatable alternative to the StdCMR in patients with MINOCA. Nevertheless, when an experienced reader reaches a good or very good diagnostic confidence using the ShtCMR, the reader may choose to stop the examination, reducing the length of the CMR without affecting the patient's diagnosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT A short non-contrast CMR protocol may be a viable alternative to standard protocols in selected CMR studies of patients with MINOCA, allowing for faster diagnosis while reducing time and resources and increasing the number of patients who can be scanned. KEY POINTS • The ShtCMR lasted 21 ± 9 min and the StdCMR 45 ± 11 min (p < 0.0001). • In 57% of patients with MINOCA, the experienced reader considers that contrast medium is probably not necessary for diagnosis without affecting the patient's diagnosis (99% of agreement rate between ShtCMR and StdCMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gatti
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Anna Palmisano
- Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Gerboni
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pintus
- Department of Radiology, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Porcu
- Department of Radiology, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Davide Tore
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Vignale
- Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Andreis
- Division of Cardiology, Department Cardiovascular and Thoracic, Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Bergamasco
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Gaetano Maria De Ferrari
- Division of Cardiology, Department Cardiovascular and Thoracic, Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Fonio
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Faletti
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy
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10
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Grossert JS, Boschi D, Lolli ML, White RL. Intramolecular interactions and the neutral loss of ammonia from collisionally activated, protonated ω-aminoalkyl-3-hydroxyfurazans. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2024; 30:38-46. [PMID: 37974410 PMCID: PMC10809737 DOI: 10.1177/14690667231214672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Gas phase fragmentation reactions of monoprotonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)- and 4-(4-aminobutyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan were investigated to examine potential interactions between functional groups. The two heterocyclic alkyl amines were ionized by electrospray ionization (ESI, positive mode) and fragmented using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The fragmentation pathways were characterized using pseudo MS3 experiments, precursor-ion scans, and density functional computations. For both heterocyclic ions, loss of ammonia was the only fragmentation process observed at low collision energies. Computational analysis indicated that the most feasible mechanism was intramolecular nucleophilic displacement of ammonia from the protonated ω-aminoalkyl side chain by N5 of the furazan ring. The alkylated nitrogen in the resulting bicyclic product ion facilitated N-O bond cleavage; subsequent neutral losses of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) occurred by homolytic bond cleavages. Next in the multistep sequence, neutral loss of ethylene from a radical cation was observed. A less favorable, competing fragmentation pathway of protonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan was consistent with cleavage of the 3-hydroxyfurazan ring and losses of NO and CO. Overall, the similar fragmentation behavior found for protonated 4-(3-aminopropyl)- and 4-(4-aminobutyl)-3-hydroxyfurazan differed from that previously characterized for furazan analogs with shorter alkyl chains. These observations demonstrate that a small change in the structure of multifunctional, heterocyclic alkyl amines may significantly influence interactions between distinct functional groups and the nature of the fragmentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Stuart Grossert
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF), Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco L. Lolli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (DSTF), Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Robert L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Di Gregorio E, Scarciglia A, Amaolo A, Ferrauto G. Mn(iii), Fe(iii) and Zn(ii)-serum albumin as innovative multicolour contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:777-781. [PMID: 38298593 PMCID: PMC10825928 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00843f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Here we propose innovative photoacoustic imaging (PAI) contrast agents, based on the loading of Mn(iii)-, Fe(iii)- or Zn(ii)-protoporphyrin IX in serum albumin. These systems show different absorption wavelengths, opening the way to multicolor PA imaging. They were characterized in vitro for assessing stability, biocompatibility, and their optical and contrastographic properties. Finally, a proof of concept in vivo study was carried out in breast cancer bearing mice, to evaluate its effectiveness for cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Di Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Angelo Scarciglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Alessandro Amaolo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
| | - Giuseppe Ferrauto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino Via Nizza 42 10126 Torino Italy +39 0116708459
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12
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Scavarda A. The shame-blame complex of parents with cognitively disabled children in Italy. Sociol Health Illn 2024. [PMID: 38165697 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
This article aims to advance knowledge related to the concept of the 'shame-blame complex' by analysing the accounts and experiences of parents with cognitively disabled children. It draws on 29 interviews with parents of children with Down syndrome and shadowing sessions with one family, carried out in Italy. Results show how the feeling of shame as a consequence of being associated with a disabled child is turned into blame for bad parenting. The sources of this blaming process are twofold: firstly, neoliberalism has disseminated an intensive parenting model based on the imperative of individual responsibility and risk avoidance. Secondly, ableism acts as a network of processes and beliefs that produce a particular kind of self and body as the perfect and complete human being. Participants have been held responsible for their children's condition because they avoided prenatal screening or continued a pregnancy after receiving a positive result. Consequently, parents' moral culpability for their children's diversity and their social marginalisation were enhanced. Although the interviewees resist the shame of being associated with a cognitively disabled child and the blame for bad parenting, they seem unable to escape from the grips of the shame-blame complex. The latter has structural and cultural underpinnings. In an age of 'neoliberal-ableism', this complex is indeed a powerful weapon to erode the rights of families with cognitively disabled members.
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Boattini M, Bianco G, Bastos P, Comini S, Corcione S, Almeida A, Costa C, De Rosa FG, Cavallo R. Prevalence and mortality of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (2018-2022). Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:155-166. [PMID: 37985552 PMCID: PMC10774640 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ceftazidime/avibactam-resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) is a topic of great interest for epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutical reasons. However, data on its prevalence and burden on mortality in patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) are lacking. This study was aimed at identifying risk factors for mortality in patients suffering from ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI. METHODS An observational retrospective study (January 2018-December 2022) was conducted at a tertiary hospital including all consecutive hospitalized adult patients with a ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI. Data on baseline clinical features, management, and admission outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Over the study period, among all the KPC-Kp BSI events recorded, 38 (10.5%) were caused by ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp strains, 37 events being finally included. The ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp strains revealed susceptibility restoration to at least one carbapenem in more than 60% of cases. In-hospital and 30-day all-cause mortality rates were 22% and 16.2%, respectively. Non-survivors suffered from more baseline comorbidities and experienced a more severe ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI presentation (i.e., both the Pitt Bacteremia and INCREMENT-CPE scores were significantly higher). Presenting with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, chronic kidney disease-KDIGO stage 3A or worse-having recently gone through renal replacement therapy, having suffered from an acute kidney injury following the ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI, and being admitted for cardiac surgery were the strongest predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION Ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in KPC-Kp BSI easily emerged in our highly KPC-Kp endemic area with remarkable mortality rates. Our findings might provide physicians possibly actionable information when managing patients with a ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp BSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Boattini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Gabriele Bianco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Paulo Bastos
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Comini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Corcione
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - André Almeida
- Department of Internal Medicine 4, Hospital de Santa Marta, Central Lisbon Hospital Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Dos Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Costa
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Cardinal Massaia, 14100, Asti, Italy
| | - Rossana Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Vannucci M, Niyishaka P, Collins T, Rodríguez-Luna MR, Mascagni P, Hostettler A, Marescaux J, Perretta S. Machine learning models to predict success of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using total and excess weight loss percent achievement: a multicentre study. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:229-239. [PMID: 37973639 PMCID: PMC10776503 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large amount of heterogeneous data collected in surgical/endoscopic practice calls for data-driven approaches as machine learning (ML) models. The aim of this study was to develop ML models to predict endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) efficacy at 12 months defined by total weight loss (TWL) % and excess weight loss (EWL) % achievement. Multicentre data were used to enhance generalizability: evaluate consistency among different center of ESG practice and assess reproducibility of the models and possible clinical application. Models were designed to be dynamic and integrate follow-up clinical data into more accurate predictions, possibly assisting management and decision-making. METHODS ML models were developed using data of 404 ESG procedures performed at 12 centers across Europe. Collected data included clinical and demographic variables at the time of ESG and at follow-up. Multicentre/external and single center/internal and temporal validation were performed. Training and evaluation of the models were performed on Python's scikit-learn library. Performance of models was quantified as receiver operator curve (ROC-AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and calibration plots. RESULTS Multicenter external validation: ML models using preoperative data show poor performance. Best performances were reached by linear regression (LR) and support vector machine models for TWL% and EWL%, respectively, (ROC-AUC: TWL% 0.87, EWL% 0.86) with the addition of 6-month follow-up data. Single-center internal validation: Preoperative data only ML models show suboptimal performance. Early, i.e., 3-month follow-up data addition lead to ROC-AUC of 0.79 (random forest classifiers model) and 0.81 (LR models) for TWL% and EWL% achievement prediction, respectively. Single-center temporal validation shows similar results. CONCLUSIONS Although preoperative data only may not be sufficient for accurate postoperative predictions, the ability of ML models to adapt and evolve with the patients changes could assist in providing an effective and personalized postoperative care. ML models predictive capacity improvement with follow-up data is encouraging and may become a valuable support in patient management and decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vannucci
- General Surgery Department, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France.
- , Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Toby Collins
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - María Rita Rodríguez-Luna
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France
- ICube Laboratory, Photonics Instrumentation for Health, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pietro Mascagni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Research Group CAMMA, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Hostettler
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jacques Marescaux
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Silvana Perretta
- Research Institute Against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD), Strasbourg, France
- Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France
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Masoni V, Giustra F, Bosco F, Camarda L, Rovere G, Sciannameo V, Berchialla P, Massè A. Surgical treatment of popliteomeniscal fascicles tears is associated with better patient-reported outcome measures. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:9-20. [PMID: 37481735 PMCID: PMC10771597 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Popliteomeniscal fascicles (PMFs) are a component of the popliteal hiatus complex in the knee, and their injury primarily affects young athletes participating in sports activities involving twisting movements. The identification of PMFs tears presents a challenge, often accompanied by lateral pain and a locking sensation. The objective of this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis is to enhance the suspicion and recognition of PMFs tears, aiming to facilitate the treatment of this condition, particularly in symptomatic young patients. METHODS A comprehensive search, focused on studies examining PMFs injuries and their treatment, was conducted in four databases, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. The ROBINS-I tool was used to evaluate the risks of bias. The PRISMA flow diagram was used to conduct the research and select the included studies. A meta-analysis was conducted for the Lysholm score, the Tegner Activity Scale, and the subjective IKDC score. The present SR and meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO. RESULTS Five clinical studies were included in the final analysis, comprising 96 patients. All the patients underwent a preoperative MRI assessment and a diagnostic arthroscopy to detect the PMFs tears, with a subsequent surgical procedure either open or arthroscopically performed. Surgery was associated with the resolution of symptoms. A statistically significant improvement in the Lysholm score (p: 0.0005) and the subjective IKDC score (p: 0.003) after the surgical procedure with respect to the preoperative evaluation was found. CONCLUSION This SR and meta-analysis showed a significant improvement in the Lysholm score and subjective IKDC score following surgery for PMFs tears. However, controversy persists regarding the optimal surgical approach, with current literature favoring arthroscopic procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Masoni
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Lawrence Camarda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rovere
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Sciannameo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Bosco F, Giai Via R, Giustra F, Ghirri A, Cacciola G, Massè A. Platelet-rich plasma for jumper's knee: a comprehensive review of efficacy, protocols, and future directions. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:91-96. [PMID: 37668753 PMCID: PMC10771364 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This comprehensive review evaluates the current state of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment for jumper's knee, also known as patellar tendinopathy. The aim is to assess the efficacy of PRP as a therapeutic option compared to other available procedures, investigate the benefits and potential drawbacks of PRP infiltration, and provide insights into the optimal protocols for PRP preparation and administration. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of English articles published up to June 2023 was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies evaluating PRP for treating jumper's knee or patellar tendinopathy were analyzed to assess the current state of research in this field. RESULTS PRP has demonstrated promising results in promoting cellular remodeling and accelerating the healing process in the jumper's knee. It shows potential benefits in pain reduction, improved function, and accelerated recovery. However, the efficacy of PRP varies depending on patient characteristics, disease severity, and the specific administration methodology. Establishing standardized PRP preparation and administration protocols are necessary to optimize its effectiveness. Further research is needed to define appropriate patient selection criteria and refine the application of PRP therapy in patellar tendinopathy management. CONCLUSION Jumper's knee is commonly managed conservatively, but there is a lack of consensus on further treatment options. PRP treatment holds promise in promoting tissue healing and repair. However, standardized protocols for PRP preparation and administration, as well as optimal dosage and number of injections, require further investigation to enhance its efficacy. Continued research efforts are necessary to ascertain the precise role of PRP and its refinement in the management of patellar tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Giai Via
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ghirri
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cacciola
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Giustra F, Cacciola G, Pirato F, Bosco F, De Martino I, Sabatini L, Rovere G, Camarda L, Massè A. Indications, complications, and clinical outcomes of fixation and acute total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of acetabular fractures: A systematic review. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2024; 34:47-57. [PMID: 37640795 PMCID: PMC10771595 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acetabular fracture fixation can be challenging, especially in the elderly. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) alone may not allow for early weight bearing and is associated with a high rate of secondary osteoarthritis; therefore, a combined hip procedure (CHP) or ORIF with acute total hip arthroplasty, may be beneficial in this population. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of all reported cases of CHP. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies analyzing acetabular fractures in the elderly managed with a combined hip procedure (CHP). The research was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. The included studies' methodological quality was evaluated using the MINORS score. The present study was registered on PROSPERO. RESULTS Eleven clinical studies were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 74.4 (63.2-78) years. Low-energy trauma was the most common mechanism of injury (64%). The most prevalent fracture pattern was the anterior column and posterior hemitransverse (ACPHT) (30.6%). The Kocher-Langenbeck approach was preferred for ORIF of posterior fractures and hip arthroplasty. The ilioinguinal approach and modified Stoppa were generally used for anterior fractures. The overall complication rate was 12.2%, and hip dislocation was the most frequent cause of reoperation (4.4%). The average Harris Hip Score reported postoperatively was 81.6 points, which was considered "good." CONCLUSIONS CHP is a safe treatment for elderly acetabular fractures with an acceptable complication and reoperation rate that results in good clinical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level of evidence IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Via Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cacciola
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Via Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirato
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Via Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Via Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Ivan De Martino
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Sabatini
- Ortopedia Protesica e Robotica - Humanitas Gradenigo, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rovere
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lawrence Camarda
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (DiChirOnS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO Torino, Via Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Nota G, Svensk M, Barberis D, Frund D, Pagani R, Pittarello M, Probo M, Ravetto Enri S, Lonati M, Lombardi G. Foraging behavior of Highland cattle in silvopastoral systems in the Alps. Agrofor Syst 2023; 98:491-505. [PMID: 38314106 PMCID: PMC10830757 DOI: 10.1007/s10457-023-00926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Trees and shrubs expanded in the last decades in European mountains due to land abandonment and the decrease in grazing pressure, and are expected to further spread also due to climate change. As a consequence of low forage quality and topographic constraints, the management of mountain environments dominated by woody vegetation with livestock is often challenging. Silvopastoral systems based on cattle hardy breeds able to forage on woody plants, such as Highland cattle, could be a suitable option for the management and restoration of such environments. In this study, we used direct observations to explore the foraging behavior of Highland cattle in four study areas across the western Alps. In particular, we assessed: (1) cattle diet composition, (2) the selection for more than 30 tree and shrub species, and (3) the relationships between species consumption and their abundance in the environment. Highland cattle fed on a mixture of both woody and herbaceous species, including between 15 and 46% of woody plants in the diet. Some trees (e.g., Celtis australis, Fraxinus spp., and Populus tremula) and shrubs (e.g., Frangula alnus, Rhamnus spp., and Rubus idaeus) were positively selected by cattle, thus they could be an important forage supplement to their diet. Moreover, the results highlighted that relative species consumption generally increased with increasing species abundance in the environment, suggesting that this cattle breed could be suitable to control shrub expansion in highly encroached areas. The outcomes of this study can support the development of targeted silvopastoral systems in the Alps. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10457-023-00926-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginevra Nota
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Mia Svensk
- Agroscope, Grazing Systems, Route de la Tioleyre 4, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - Davide Barberis
- Ente di Gestione delle Aree Protette delle Alpi Marittime, Piazza Regina Elena 30, 12010 Valdieri, CN Italy
| | - David Frund
- Agroscope, Grazing Systems, Route de la Tioleyre 4, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Pagani
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Marco Pittarello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Massimiliano Probo
- Agroscope, Grazing Systems, Route de la Tioleyre 4, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland
| | - Simone Ravetto Enri
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Michele Lonati
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
| | - Giampiero Lombardi
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
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19
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Gugliotta Y, Roccia F, Demo PG, Rossi MB. Characteristics and surgical management of pure trapdoor fracture of the orbital floor in adults: a 15-year review. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 27:625-630. [PMID: 35841436 PMCID: PMC10684415 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This retrospective study aims to define the optimal timing of the surgical treatment of orbital floor trapdoor fractures (OFTFs) in adults according to clinical and radiological findings. METHODS From January 2006 to December 2020, 382 patients with isolated orbital floor fracture were admitted to the Division of Maxillofacial Surgery of Turin, Italy. The criteria for inclusion were age ≥ 16 years, preoperative computed tomography showing a linear (1a) or medial hinge fracture (1b), diplopia, and 6 months of follow-up data. Aetiology and mechanism of injury, presence of post-traumatic enophthalmos and oculocardiac reflex, time between trauma occurrence and surgery [stratified as < 24 h (urgent treatment), 24-96 h (early treatment), and > 96 h (late treatment)], days of hospitalisation, and clinical outcomes were examinated. RESULTS Twenty-four patients (18 males; mean age, 23.2 years) presented with OFTFs. The most common cause was sport injury (50%). Type 1a fracture was observed in eight patients (mean age, 19.5 years), type 1b fracture in 16 patients (mean age, 23.6 years). Urgent, early, and late treatments were performed in eight patients each. The mean time between trauma occurrence and surgery was 3,8 days (range: 0-17 days). Resolution of diplopia was observed 1 week after surgery in 10 patients, 1 month in 12. Diplopia persisted in 2 patient, both treated > 96 h after trauma. CONCLUSION Although the number of patients was too small to define a standard protocol, the authors recommend early treatment of adult OFTFs to promote complete resolution of diplopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Gugliotta
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città Della Salute E Delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città Della Salute E Delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Garzino Demo
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città Della Salute E Delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Rossi
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Surgical Science Department, Città Della Salute E Delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Corso A.M. Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
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20
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Pasquero S, Gugliesi F, Biolatti M, Dell’Oste V, Albano C, Bajetto G, Griffante G, Trifirò L, Brugo B, Raviola S, Lacarbonara D, Yang Q, Sudeshna S, Barasa L, Haniff H, Thompson PR, Landolfo S, De Andrea M. Citrullination profile analysis reveals peptidylarginine deaminase 3 as an HSV-1 target to dampen the activity of candidate antiviral restriction factors. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011849. [PMID: 38055760 PMCID: PMC10727434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus that remains latent in neuronal cell bodies but reactivates throughout an individual's life, causing severe adverse reactions, such as herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Recently, it has also been implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The absence of an effective vaccine and the emergence of numerous drug-resistant variants have called for the development of new antiviral agents that can tackle HSV-1 infection. Host-targeting antivirals (HTAs) have recently emerged as promising antiviral compounds that act on host-cell factors essential for viral replication. Here we show that a new class of HTAs targeting peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), a family of calcium-dependent enzymes catalyzing protein citrullination, exhibits a marked inhibitory activity against HSV-1. Furthermore, we show that HSV-1 infection leads to enhanced protein citrullination through transcriptional activation of three PAD isoforms: PAD2, PAD3, and PAD4. Interestingly, PAD3-depletion by specific drugs or siRNAs dramatically inhibits HSV-1 replication. Finally, an analysis of the citrullinome reveals significant changes in the deimination levels of both cellular and viral proteins, with the interferon (IFN)-inducible proteins IFIT1 and IFIT2 being among the most heavily deiminated ones. As genetic depletion of IFIT1 and IFIT2 strongly enhances HSV-1 growth, we propose that viral-induced citrullination of IFIT1 and 2 is a highly efficient HSV-1 evasion mechanism from host antiviral resistance. Overall, our findings point to a crucial role of citrullination in subverting cellular responses to viral infection and demonstrate that PAD inhibitors efficiently suppress HSV-1 infection in vitro, which may provide the rationale for their repurposing as HSV-1 antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Pasquero
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Gugliesi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Biolatti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell’Oste
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Camilla Albano
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Greta Bajetto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
- CAAD Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Gloria Griffante
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Linda Trifirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Bianca Brugo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Raviola
- CAAD Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Lacarbonara
- CAAD Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Qiao Yang
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, P.R. China
| | - Sen Sudeshna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leonard Barasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hafeez Haniff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin – Medical School, Turin, Italy
- CAAD Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
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21
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Curcio C, Rosso T, Brugiapaglia S, Guadagnin G, Giordano D, Castellino B, Satolli MA, Spadi R, Campra D, Moro F, Papotti MG, Bertero L, Cassoni P, De Angelis C, Langella S, Ferrero A, Armentano S, Bellotti G, Fenocchio E, Nuzzo A, Ciccone G, Novelli F. Circulating autoantibodies to alpha-enolase (ENO1) and far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) are negative prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer patient survival. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:5089-5100. [PMID: 37910256 PMCID: PMC10725354 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has a dismal prognosis due to a lack of early diagnostic markers and effective therapy. In PDA patients, the glycolytic enzyme and plasminogen receptor alpha-enolase (ENO1) and the transcription factor far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) are upregulated and elicit the production of autoantibodies (aAb) that discriminate healthy subjects from PDA patients, with the latter mostly directed to post-translational phosphorylated isoforms. Here, the correlation of prognosis with circulating ENO1 and FUBP1aAb, and their protein tissue expression was analyzed in PDA patients. Circulating ENO1 and FUBP1 aAb was analyzed in two cohorts of PDA patients by ELISA (n = 470), while tissues expression was observed by immunohistochemistry (n = 45). Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, while the Cox model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for the main prognostic factors. Logistic models were applied to assess associations between death and its risk indicators. All statistical analyses were performed with Stata version 15. Unlike ENO1 aAb, there was a significant correlation between FUBP1 aAb and FUBP1 expression in tumors (p = 0.0268). In addition, we found that high ENO1 (p = 0.016) and intermediate FUBP1 aAb levels (p = 0.013) were unfavorable prognostic factors. Notably, it was found that high anti-FUBP1 aAb level is a good prognostic marker for tail-body PDA (p = 0.016). Our results suggest that different levels of circulating aAb to ENO1 and FUBP1 predict a poor outcome in PDA patients and can be used to improve therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curcio
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- ENOAPA Biobank, SSD Banche Tessuti E Bioconservatorio, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Rosso
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugiapaglia
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- ENOAPA Biobank, SSD Banche Tessuti E Bioconservatorio, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Guadagnin
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- ENOAPA Biobank, SSD Banche Tessuti E Bioconservatorio, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Giordano
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- ENOAPA Biobank, SSD Banche Tessuti E Bioconservatorio, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Bruno Castellino
- Centro Oncologico Ematologico Subalpino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Satolli
- Centro Oncologico Ematologico Subalpino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosella Spadi
- Centro Oncologico Ematologico Subalpino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Donata Campra
- SC Chirurgia Generale d'urgenza E Pronto Soccorso, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Moro
- SC Chirurgia Generale U2, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Giulio Papotti
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Bertero
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio De Angelis
- SCDU Gastroenterology U, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Langella
- General Surgery and Oncology, Ordine Mauriziano Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Serena Armentano
- General Surgery and Oncology, Ordine Mauriziano Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bellotti
- Oncology Department, SS. Antonio E Biagio C. Arrigo Di Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Nuzzo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovannino Ciccone
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino and CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
- ENOAPA Biobank, SSD Banche Tessuti E Bioconservatorio, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, Piazza Nizza 44B, Turin, Italy.
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22
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Varaldo E, Sibilla M, Bioletto F, Cuboni D, Prencipe N, Bona C, Ferrari M, Viglino F, Aversa LS, Grottoli S, Ghigo E, Gasco V, Berton AM. Neuroendocrine response to diclofenac in healthy subjects: a pilot study. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2617-2627. [PMID: 37243865 PMCID: PMC10632215 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The precise effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the neuroendocrine hydro-electrolytic regulation are not precisely understood. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate, in healthy subjects, the neuroendocrine response of the antidiuretic system to intravenous diclofenac infusion. METHODS For this single-blinded, cross-over study, we recruited 12 healthy subjects (50% women). Test sessions were divided into three observation times (pre-test; test; 48 h post-test), which were repeated equally on two different occasions, with the administration of diclofenac (75 mg in saline solution 0.9% 100 cc) on 1 day, or placebo (saline solution 0.9% 100 cc) on another day. The night before the test the subjects were asked to collect a salivary cortisol and cortisone sample, which was repeated on the night of the procedure session. Serial urine and blood samples were collected on the test day (for osmolality, electrolytes, ACTH, cortisol, copeptin, MR-proADM, MR-proANP; the last three represent more stable and analytically reliable molecules than their respective active peptides). Moreover, the subjects were evaluated with the bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) before and after the test. Forty-eight hours after the end of the procedure urine sodium, urine potassium, urine osmolality, serum sodium and copeptin were revaluated together with BIVA. RESULTS No significant changes in circulating hormone levels were observed; anyway, 48 h after diclofenac, BIVA showed a significant water retention (p < 0.00001), especially in extracellular fluid (ECF) (16.47 ± 1.65 vs 15.67 ± 1.84, p < 0.001). Salivary cortisol and cortisone tended to increase only the night after placebo administration (p = 0.054 cortisol; p = 0.021 cortisone). CONCLUSION Diclofenac resulted in an increased ECF at 48 h, but this phenomenon seems to be associated with a greater renal sensibility to the action of vasopressin rather than with an increase in its secretion. Moreover, a partial inhibitory effect on cortisol secretion can be hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Varaldo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M Sibilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - F Bioletto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - D Cuboni
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - N Prencipe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - C Bona
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M Ferrari
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F Viglino
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - L S Aversa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - S Grottoli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - V Gasco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - A M Berton
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, C.So Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
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23
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Abstract
Endocrine neoplasia represents an increasingly broad spectrum of disorders. Endocrine neoplasms range from incidental findings to potentially lethal malignancies. In this paper, we cover the impact of pathology in the interpretation of the clinic-pathological, genetic, and radiographic features underpinning these neoplasms. We highlight the critical role of multidisciplinary interactions in structuring a rational diagnostic and efficient therapeutic plan and emphasize the role of histopathological input in decision-making. In this context, standardized pathology reporting and second opinion endocrine pathology review represent relevant tools to improve the overall diagnostic workup of patients affected by endocrine tumors in every specific scenario. In fact, although a relevant proportion of cases may be correctly identified based on clinical presentation and biochemical/imaging investigations, a subset of cases presents with atypical findings that may lead to an inappropriate diagnosis and treatment plan based on a wrong pathological diagnosis if all pieces of the puzzle are not correctly considered. Pathologists have a responsibility to actively guide clinicians before and during surgical procedures to prevent unnecessary interventions. In all areas of endocrine pathology, pathologists must understand the complexity of tissue preservation and assay sensitivities and specificities to ensure the optimal quality and interpretation of diagnostic material. Finally, pathologists are central actors in tumor tissue biobanking, which is an expanding field in oncology that should be promoted while adhering to strict ethical and methodological standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Ezzat
- Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wouter W de Herder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sector of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Ashley Grossman
- Barts and the London School of Medicine, University of London, London, UK
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Moglia C, Palumbo F, Veronese S, Calvo A. Withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a multicenter Italian survey. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:4349-4357. [PMID: 37418099 PMCID: PMC10641048 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Law 219/2017 was approved in Italy in December 2017, after a years-long debate on the autonomy of healthcare choices. This Law, for the first time in Italian legislation, guarantees the patient's right to request for withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments, including mechanical ventilation (MV). OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of MV withdrawal in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients in Italy and to assess the impact of Law 219/2017 on this practice. METHODS We conducted a Web-based survey, addressed to Italian neurologists with expertise in ALS care, and members of the Motor Neuron Disease Study Group of the Italian Society of Neurology. RESULTS Out of 40 ALS Italian centers, 34 (85.0%) responded to the survey. Law 219/2017 was followed by an increasing trend in MV withdrawals, and a significant increase of neurologists involved in this procedure (p 0.004). However, variations across Italian ALS centers were observed, regarding the inconsistent involvement of community health services and palliative care (PC) services, and the intervention and composition of the multidisciplinary team. CONCLUSIONS Law 219/2017 has had a positive impact on the practice of MV withdrawal in ALS patients in Italy. The recent growing public attention on end-of-life care choices, along with the cultural and social changes in Italy, requires further regulatory frameworks that strengthen tools for self-determination, increased investment of resources in community and PC health services, and practical recommendations and guidelines for health workers involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moglia
- "Rita Levi Montalcini", Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città Della Salute e Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Palumbo
- "Rita Levi Montalcini", Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Calvo
- "Rita Levi Montalcini", Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città Della Salute e Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Actis S, D'Alonzo M, Pace L, Mucciacito S, Bounous VE, Sgrò LG, Mancarella M, Ferrero A, Biglia N. Factors associated with adherence to BRCA1/2 mutation testing after oncogenetic counseling in long-surviving patients with a previous diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer. J Community Genet 2023; 14:649-656. [PMID: 37723374 PMCID: PMC10725406 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-023-00671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/2 mutations account for 5 to 10% of breast and 15% of ovarian cancers. Various guidelines on BRCA1/2 genetic counseling and testing have been issued, and the criteria have evolved over the years. Oncogenetic counseling aims to inform patients about the possibility and implications of undergoing predictive testing and risk management programs. We analyzed a cohort of 50 subjects with a previous personal history of breast or ovarian cancer who had not been tested for BRCA1/2 mutations at the time of diagnosis but were found eligible according to the most recent guidelines. All patients were offered pre-test oncogenetic counseling and BRCA1/2 genetic testing. The mean time from cancer diagnosis to genetic counseling was over 10 years. We analyzed socio-demographic and psychological parameters associated with the decision to undergo BRCA1/2 genetic testing or the reasons behind the withdrawal. Thirty-nine patients underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing. Patients who accept the genetic test communicate more easily with family members than those who refuse. Factors associated with test refusal are having a long-term partner and having a negative perception of life. There is a trend, although not statistically significant, toward younger age at cancer diagnosis, more likely to participate in cancer screening programs (71.8% vs. 45.5%), and more likely to have daughters (63.3% vs. 37.5%) in the group that accepted the test. The offer of BRCA testing was well accepted by our study population, despite the many years since the cancer diagnosis. With the perspective of further broadening the access criteria to genetic testing, it is important to understand how to best approach pre-test counseling in long-surviving patients with a previous diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Actis
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy.
| | - Marta D'Alonzo
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Pace
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Mucciacito
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Elisabetta Bounous
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Giuseppe Sgrò
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Mancarella
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ferrero
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Biglia
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Mauriziano Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Filippo Turati, 62, 10128, Turin, Italy
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Giraudo L, Cattaneo G, Gammaitoni L, Iaia I, Donini C, Massa A, Centomo ML, Basiricò M, Vigna E, Pisacane A, Picciotto F, Berrino E, Marchiò C, Merlini A, Paruzzo L, Poletto S, Caravelli D, Biolato AM, Bortolot V, Landoni E, Ventin M, Ferrone CR, Aglietta M, Dotti G, Leuci V, Carnevale-Schianca F, Sangiolo D. CSPG4 CAR-redirected Cytokine Induced Killer lymphocytes (CIK) as effective cellular immunotherapy for HLA class I defective melanoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:310. [PMID: 37993874 PMCID: PMC10664597 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even acknowledging the game-changing results achieved in the treatment of metastatic melanoma with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), a large proportion of patients (40-60%) still fail to respond or relapse due to the development of resistance. Alterations in the expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules are considered to play a major role in clinical resistance to ICI. Cellular immunotherapy with HLA-independent CAR-redirected lymphocytes is a promising alternative in this challenging setting and dedicated translational models are needed. METHODS In this study, we propose an HLA-independent therapeutic strategy with Cytokine Induced Killer lymphocytes (CIK) genetically engineered with a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor antigen CSPG4 as effector mechanism. We investigated the preclinical antitumor activity of CSPG4-CAR.CIK in vitro and in a xenograft murine model focusing on patient-derived melanoma cell lines (Mel) with defective expression of HLA-I molecules. RESULTS We successfully generated CSPG4-CAR.CIK from patients with metastatic melanoma and reported their intense activity in vitro against a panel of CSPG4-expressing patient-derived Mel. The melanoma killing activity was intense, even at very low effector to target ratios, and not influenced by the expression level (high, low, defective) of HLA-I molecules on target cells. Furthermore, CAR.CIK conditioned medium was capable of upregulating the expression of HLA-I molecules on melanoma cells. A comparable immunomodulatory effect was replicated by treatment of Mel cells with exogenous IFN-γ and IFN-α. The antimelanoma activity of CSPG4-CAR.CIK was successfully confirmed in vivo, obtaining a significant tumor growth inhibition of an HLA-defective Mel xenograft in immunodeficient mice. CONCLUSIONS In this study we reported the intense preclinical activity of CSPG4-CAR.CIK against melanoma, including those with low or defective HLA-I expression. Our findings support CSPG4 as a valuable CAR target in melanoma and provide translational rationale for clinical studies exploring CAR-CIK cellular immunotherapies within the challenging setting of patients not responsive or relapsing to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Giraudo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Giulia Cattaneo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy.
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Loretta Gammaitoni
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Ilenia Iaia
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Chiara Donini
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Annamaria Massa
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Centomo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Marco Basiricò
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Elisa Vigna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Alberto Pisacane
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Franco Picciotto
- Dermatologic Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Città Della Salute E Della Scienza, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Enrico Berrino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Alessandra Merlini
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Luca Paruzzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Stefano Poletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Daniela Caravelli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | - Andrea Michela Biolato
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Valentina Bortolot
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Elisa Landoni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marco Ventin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Valeria Leuci
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy
| | | | - Dario Sangiolo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142 Km 3.95, 10060, Candiolo, TO, Italy.
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, TO, Italy.
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Brighenti S, Mustacchia L, Cicinelli G, Chieregato S, Comella C, Torrero L, Granata F, Keller R. Social Skills and Cognitive Training to Support Work-Related Skills and Job Placement in a Group of Autistic Adults : Effectiveness of a Neuropsychological and Social Skills Intervention: A Case Series Study on a Pilot Program. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:1610-1618. [PMID: 37318671 PMCID: PMC10598175 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Autistic people may have difficulties in finding and keeping a job. Studies highlight that only 34% of autistic people are employed compared to 54% of people with disability. 58% of people with ASD have never had a job. Social cognition and cognitive strains may also have a significant impact on working life. The primary goal of our project is supporting autistic people through a training program focused on neuropsychological and social skills training to improve participant' job skills. Through an Individual Placement and Support model the project involved various Partners to guide, identify skills and interests, provide cognitive and psychological support for autistic people. Results highlighted neuropsychological training efficacy, especially in inhibitory control and good rate of employment status at the end of the project. Findings are encouraging and underline the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to support autistic people in their work life considering their expectations, needs and inclinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brighenti
- Adult Autism Center, Mental Health Department ROT NO, Local Health Unit ASL Città di Torino, Turin, 10138, Italy
| | - L Mustacchia
- Adult Autism Center, Mental Health Department ROT NO, Local Health Unit ASL Città di Torino, Turin, 10138, Italy
| | - G Cicinelli
- Adult Autism Center, Mental Health Department ROT NO, Local Health Unit ASL Città di Torino, Turin, 10138, Italy
| | - S Chieregato
- Emilio ETS, Via Vittorio Amedeo II, 17, Turin, 10121, Italy
| | - C Comella
- Consorzio Abele Lavoro, Via Paolo Veronese, 202, Turin, 10148, Italy
| | - L Torrero
- Consorzio Abele Lavoro, Via Paolo Veronese, 202, Turin, 10148, Italy
| | - F Granata
- Consorzio Abele Lavoro, Via Paolo Veronese, 202, Turin, 10148, Italy
| | - R Keller
- Adult Autism Center, Mental Health Department ROT NO, Local Health Unit ASL Città di Torino, Turin, 10138, Italy.
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Giuseppe Verdi, 8, Torino, TO, 10124, Italy.
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Roccatello D, Careddu A, Ferro M, Naretto C, Quattrocchio G, Fenoglio R, Sciascia S. The steroid-sparing effects of a mycophenolate mofetil-based regimen in the management of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in patients with histologically active lesions: A comparison with a control cohort receiving conventional therapy. J Nephrol 2023; 36:2223-2231. [PMID: 37306917 PMCID: PMC10638182 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the use of different immunosuppressants has been investigated in immunoglobulin A nephropathy, further investigation is needed to assess the effect of a regimen of mycophenolate mofetil combined with a short course of glucocorticosteroids in the subset of patients with histologically active features. We compared the efficacy and safety of a combined regimen of mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticosteroids to a conventional regimen of glucocorticosteroids alone in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy who have active lesions and major urinary abnormalities. METHODS This retrospective study involved 30 immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients with active histological lesions, 15 of whom were treated with both mycophenolate mofetil 2 g/day for 6 months and 3 pulses of 15 mg/kg methylprednisolone, followed by a short tapering schedule of oral prednisone. The control group was made up of the remaining 15 clinically- and histologically-matched patients treated with glucocorticosteroids alone according to a validated schedule, i.e., 1 g of methylprednisolone given intravenously for 3 consecutive days, followed by oral prednisone 0.5 mg/kg every other day for 6 months. At diagnosis, all patients had urinary protein excretion > 1 g/24 h and microscopic hematuria. RESULTS At the end of the first year of follow-up (30 patients) and after 5 years (17 patients), there were no differences between the two groups in terms of urinary abnormalities and functional parameters. Both regimens achieved a statistically significant decrease in 24-h urinary protein excretion (p < 0.001) and a reduction of microscopic hematuria. However, the mycophenolate mofetil-based regimen allowed a cumulative sparing dose of 6 g of glucocorticosteroids. CONCLUSION In this single center study on immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients with active lesions and major urinary abnormalities and at increased risk of glucocorticosteroid-related complications, a mycophenolate mofetil-based regimen demonstrated similar outcomes in terms of complete response and relapse (at 1 and 5 years) compared to a conventional glucocorticosteroid-based protocol, while achieving a consistent reduction of glucocorticosteroid cumulative dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Roccatello
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Careddu
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Michela Ferro
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Carla Naretto
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Quattrocchio
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Fenoglio
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Savino Sciascia
- University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK-Net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Pentenero M, Sutera S, Lodi G, Bagan JV, Farah CS. Oral leukoplakia diagnosis and treatment in Europe and Australia: Oral Medicine Practitioners' attitudes and practice. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3214-3222. [PMID: 35792047 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The management of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) including oral leukoplakia (OL) is not currently structured according to agreed guidelines. The current report presents survey data gathered from Oral Medicine Practitioners (OMPs) in Europe and Australia and is aimed to investigate attitudes and practice in the diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment of OL. In the presence of a clinical provisional diagnosis of OL, respondents reported always undertaking biopsy in 83% of cases, with most OMPs also relying on diagnostic adjuncts. The potential for malignant transformation is almost invariably assessed through epithelial dysplasia status, with other biomarkers described in the literature used less often. Active treatment of OL was considered mandatory by 20% of OMPs, while others reserve treatment for selected cases only. OMPs are mostly driven to active treatment by lesion-related features which are frequently jointly considered including lesion site, clinical appearance and dysplasia status. Inconsistent assessment was observed regarding mild dysplasia, lesion size, presence of unavoidable trauma, exposure to tobacco and patient age. Frequently observed geographical variations were seldom statistically significant. In agreement with previous surveys, a lack of consensus around the management of OL was observed, supporting claims from learned academies and societies for treatment guidelines aiming to reduce inter-practitioner variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pentenero
- Department of Oncology, Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Samuele Sutera
- Department of Oncology, Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lodi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jose V Bagan
- Department of Stomatology University of Valencia, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Clinical Labs, Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, Hollywood Private Hospital, Fiona Stanley Hospital, CQ University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Juárez EH, Wood CR, Davies R, Kehoe O, Johnson WEB, Merighi A, Ferrini F. ST2-Conditioned Medium Fosters Dorsal Horn Cell Excitability and Synaptic Transmission in Cultured Mouse Spinal Cord. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2918-2928. [PMID: 37674016 PMCID: PMC10661801 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Conditioned medium obtained from bone marrow-derived stem cells has been proposed as a novel cell-free therapy in spinal cord injury and neuropathic pain, yet the direct effect on spinal neuron function has never been investigated. Here, we adopted spinal cord organotypic cultures (SCOCs) as an experimental model to probe the effect of ST2 murine mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (ST2-CM) on dorsal horn (DH) neuron functional properties. Three days of SCOC exposure to ST2-CM increased neuronal activity measured by Fos expression, as well as spontaneous or induced firing. We showed that the increase in neuronal excitability was associated with changes in both intrinsic membrane properties and an enhanced excitatory drive. The increased excitability at the single-cell level was substantiated at the network level by detecting synchronous bursts of calcium waves across DH neurons. Altogether, SCOCs represent a viable tool to probe mesenchymal cells' effect on intact neuronal networks. Our findings indicate that ST2-CM enhances neuronal activity and synaptic wiring in the spinal dorsal horn. Our data also support the trophic role of mesenchymal cells CM in maintaining network activity in spinal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esri H Juárez
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Chelsea R Wood
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
| | - Rebecca Davies
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Oksana Kehoe
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, UK
| | - William E B Johnson
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - Adalberto Merighi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, G1K 7P4, Canada.
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Capella M, Sabatini L, Bosco F, Barberis L, Giustra F, Risitano S, Camazzola D, Massè A. A novel geometrical planning method to restore knee joint obliquity in double-level osteotomies. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:6685-6693. [PMID: 37505270 PMCID: PMC10541832 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-04997-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Precise preoperative planning is mandatory when a double-level osteotomy (DLO) is required to correct a severe knee deformity. Literature does not report a validated planning method regarding DLO that could be performed directly on digital radiographs using simple measurement tools. This study aims to validate a novel DLO planning method called New Mikulicz-Joint Line (NM-JL) based on essential measurement tools, in which the correction angles are induced by the predicted post-operative joint line obliquity (JLO). METHODS Twenty-three patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were enrolled. NM-JL planning method was performed using basic measurement tools to detect corrective angles and gaps. The correction was then simulated using a Virtual Segmentation Software method to obtain the osteotomy fragments. Both planning procedures were performed independently and later repeated by two orthopaedic surgeons to assess the inter and intra-observer reliability. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) regarding corrective angles and gaps showed a significant positive correlation between the values determined using the two procedures by both raters (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between the measured results of the two planning methods. (p < 0.05). Finally, the Bland-Altman analysis showed an excellent agreement (p < 0.05) for all measurements performed. CONCLUSIONS The NM-JL method showed high values of intra and inter-rater reliability. The procedure is built up starting from the predicted value of post-operative joint line obliquity, allowing to maintain this parameter fixed. Other advantages include the quickness, adaptability, and possibility to be performed on any Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) viewer. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Capella
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Sabatini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Luca Barberis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Risitano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Camazzola
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Vasta R, Callegaro S, Sgambetterra S, Cabras S, Di Pede F, De Mattei F, Matteoni E, Grassano M, Bombaci A, De Marco G, Fuda G, Marchese G, Palumbo F, Canosa A, Mazzini L, De Marchi F, Moglia C, Manera U, Chiò A, Calvo A. Presymptomatic geographical distribution of ALS patients suggests the involvement of environmental factors in the disease pathogenesis. J Neurol 2023; 270:5475-5482. [PMID: 37491680 PMCID: PMC10576667 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that the pathogenetic process of ALS begins many years prior to its clinical onset, examining patients' residential histories may offer insights on the disease risk factors. Here, we analyzed the spatial distribution of a large ALS cohort in the 50 years preceding the disease onset. METHODS Data from the PARALS register were used. A spatial cluster analysis was performed at the time of disease onset and at 1-year intervals up to 50 years prior to that. RESULTS A total of 1124 patients were included. The analysis revealed a higher-incidence cluster in a large area (435,000 inhabitants) west of Turin. From 9 to 2 years before their onset, 105 cases were expected and 150 were observed, resulting in a relative risk of 1.49 (P = 0.04). We also found a surprising high number of patients pairs (51) and trios (3) who lived in the same dwelling while not being related. Noticeably, these occurrences were not observed in large dwellings as we would have expected. The probability of this occurring in smaller buildings only by chance was very low (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04 for pairs and trios, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We identified a higher-incidence ALS cluster in the years preceding the disease onset. The cluster area being densely populated, many exposures could have contributed to the high incidence ALS cluster, while we could not find a shared exposure among the dwellings where multiple patients had lived. However, these findings support that exogenous factors are likely involved in the ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Vasta
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - S Callegaro
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - S Sgambetterra
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S Cabras
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- International School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - F Di Pede
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F De Mattei
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Matteoni
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M Grassano
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - A Bombaci
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - G De Marco
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Fuda
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Marchese
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F Palumbo
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - A Canosa
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - L Mazzini
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - F De Marchi
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - C Moglia
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - U Manera
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - A Chiò
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - A Calvo
- ALS Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Sciarrillo A, Bevione F, Lepora M, Toppino F, Lacidogna MC, Delsedime N, Panero M, Martini M, Abbate Daga G, Preti A. The Nepean Belief Scale (NBS) as a tool to investigate the intensity of beliefs in anorexia nervosa: psychometric properties of the Italian version. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:92. [PMID: 37906328 PMCID: PMC10618389 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01620-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with anorexia nervosa (AN) show a peculiar impairment of insight regarding their condition, often manifesting a denial of extreme emaciation and sometimes hiding or underreporting socially undesirable abnormal eating patterns. Sometimes the intensity of the beliefs held by patients with AN reach a delusional intensity. OBJECTIVES In this study, the Italian version of the Nepean Belief Scale was applied to a sample of patients diagnosed with AN to investigate the intensity of their beliefs and convictions and its clinical correlates. METHODS The Nepean Belief Scale (NBS) was translated and adapted to Italian and applied to a sample of patients diagnosed with AN based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). RESULTS The Italian version of the 5-item NBS showed excellent reliability. Convergent validity was proved by negative association with levels of insight measured with the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight in Eating Disorders. Beliefs of delusional intensity were reported by 10% of participants. Those with a greater intensity of beliefs, either overvalued or delusional ideas, were more likely to report poorer general cognitive performances on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. No association was observed between NBS score and age, body mass index, symptoms of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, or levels of depression. Fear of weight gain and control seeking were the most often reported themes at the NBS. CONCLUSIONS The Italian version of the NBS is a reasonably reliable, valid, and usable tool for the multidimensional assessment of insight in AN. Level of evidence Level III, Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sciarrillo
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bevione
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Lepora
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Toppino
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Lacidogna
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Delsedime
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Panero
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Martini
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate Daga
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Kļaviņa D, Lione G, Kenigsvalde K, Pellicciaro M, Muižnieks I, Silbauma L, Jansons J, Gaitnieks T, Gonthier P. Host-associated Intraspecific Phenotypic Variation in the Saprobic Fungus Phlebiopsis gigantea. Microb Ecol 2023; 86:1847-1855. [PMID: 36708393 PMCID: PMC10497652 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Whether intraspecific phenotypic variation in saprobic fungi may be driven by the host of origin has received little attention. We addressed this issue by testing hypotheses using the model system Phlebiopsis gigantea, a wood destroying fungus associated with Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, among others, and widely employed in practical forestry as a biological control agent. By examining approximately 60 sympatric P. gigantea isolates from both P. abies and P. sylvestris, we showed that the former grew in vitro significantly (P < 0.05) slower than the latter (average 5.56 mm/day vs. 6.84) while producing 1.8-fold significantly higher number of mitospores. An overall significant trade-off between these two phenotypic traits was detected, in particular for isolates originating from P. abies. Comparative inoculation experiments of a subsample of isolates and the assessment of mycelial growth in logs of both hosts allowed to reject the hypothesis that isolates are equally fit in terms of growth rate in wood of both hosts regardless of the host of origin. Tree models revealed that the growth rate of isolates was associated not only with the wood species in which the isolates were inoculated (P < 0.001), P. sylvestris being more rapidly colonized than P. abies, but also with the host of origin of isolates (P < 0.001). Results showed that P. gigantea isolates originating from different hosts differ phenotypically in terms of some key phenotypic traits demonstrating that a host-driven intraspecific phenotypic variation may occur in saprobic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dārta Kļaviņa
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas Street 111, Salaspils, 2169, Latvia
| | - Guglielmo Lione
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Kristīne Kenigsvalde
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas Street 111, Salaspils, 2169, Latvia
| | - Martina Pellicciaro
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Indriķis Muižnieks
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, 1586, Latvia
| | - Lauma Silbauma
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas Street 111, Salaspils, 2169, Latvia
| | - Jurģis Jansons
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas Street 111, Salaspils, 2169, Latvia
| | - Tālis Gaitnieks
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas Street 111, Salaspils, 2169, Latvia
| | - Paolo Gonthier
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
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Cacciola G, Giustra F, Bosco F, Aprato A, De Meo F, Cavaliere P, Vezza D, Giachino M, Sabatini L, Massè A. Extended trochanteric osteotomy is a safe procedure in two-stage hip revision: a systematic review of the literature. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2023; 33:2695-2702. [PMID: 36849679 PMCID: PMC10504093 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) has proved to be an effective technique in complicated stem removal in femoral aseptic loosening or periprosthetic fracture. Debate remains about its safety in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The primary aim of this study is to analyze the ETO reinfection and union rate in two-stage hip revision. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic literature review was performed regarding all studies reporting ETO outcomes in the two-stage revision for hip PJI up to October 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. A literature search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE/EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Quality assessment of the articles was performed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews. Patient demographic, clinical, and surgical data were collected. RESULTS This systematic review included and analyzed nine clinical studies with a total of 382 ETO PJI hips in two-stage revision. The overall ETO reinfection rate was 8.9% (34 hips), consistent with the reinfection rate after two-stage revision in patients without ETO. The overall ETO union rate was 94.8% (347 hips), comparable to the ETO union rate in non-septic patients. Compared between a group of patients with ETO PJI and a group of patients with non-PJI ETO, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications, both septic and aseptic, and for postoperative HHS. CONCLUSION ETO proved to be a safe and effective procedure in PJI revisions. It may be a viable option in challenging femoral stem removal during the two-stage hip revision in PJI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Cacciola
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Aprato
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico De Meo
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Cavaliere
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Vezza
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Giachino
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Sabatini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Hilviu D, Frau F, Bosco FM, Marini A, Gabbatore I. Can Narrative Skills Improve in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Preliminary Study with Verbally Fluent Adolescents Receiving the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment. J Psycholinguist Res 2023; 52:1605-1632. [PMID: 37155128 PMCID: PMC10520104 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-023-09945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting social and communicative skills, including narrative ability, namely the description of real-life or fictive accounts of temporally and causally related events. With this study, we aimed to determine whether a communicative-pragmatic training, i.e., the version for adolescents of the Cognitive-Pragmatic Treatment, is effective in improving the narrative skills of 16 verbally fluent adolescents with ASD. We used a multilevel approach to assess pre- and post-training narrative production skills. Discourse analysis focused on micro- (i.e., mean length of utterance, complete sentences, omissions of morphosyntactic information) and macrolinguistic measures (i.e., cohesion, coherence errors, lexical informativeness). Results revealed a significant improvement in mean length of utterance and complete sentences and a decrease in cohesion errors. No significant change was found in the other narrative measures investigated. Our findings suggest that a pragmatically oriented training may be useful in improving grammatical efficiency in narrative production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dize Hilviu
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Frau
- Laboratory of Neurolinguistics and Experimental Pragmatics (NEP), University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca M. Bosco
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Languages, Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, Cognitive neuroscience lab, University of Udine, Via Margreth, 3, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Claudiana-Landesfachhochschule Für Gesundheitsberufe, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gabbatore
- Department of Psychology, GIPSI Research Group, University of Turin, Via Verdi, 10, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Research Unit of Logopedics, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Gruppuso L, Receveur JP, Fenoglio S, Bona F, Benbow ME. Hidden Decomposers: the Role of Bacteria and Fungi in Recently Intermittent Alpine Streams Heterotrophic Pathways. Microb Ecol 2023; 86:1499-1512. [PMID: 36646914 PMCID: PMC10497695 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of flow intermittency and drying events in Alpine rivers is expected to increase due to climate change. These events can have significant consequences for stream ecological communities, though the effects of reduced flow conditions on microbial communities of decomposing allochthonous leaf material require additional research. In this study, we investigated the bacterial and fungal communities associated with the decomposition of two common species of leaf litter, chestnut (Castanea sativa), and oak (Quercus robur). A sampling of experimentally placed leaf bags occurred over six collection dates (up to 126 days after placement) at seven stream sites in the Western Italian Alps with historically different flow conditions. Leaf-associated bacterial and fungal communities were identified using amplicon-based, high-throughput sequencing. Chestnut and oak leaf material harbored distinct bacterial and fungal communities, with a number of taxonomic groups differing in abundance, though bacterial community structure converged later in decomposition. Historical flow conditions (intermittent vs perennial rivers) and observed conditions (normal flow, low flow, ongoing drying event) had weaker effects on bacterial and fungal communities compared to leaf type and collection date (i.e., length of decomposition). Our findings highlight the importance of leaf characteristics (e.g., C:N ratios, recalcitrance) to the in-stream conditioning of leaf litter and a need for additional investigations of drying events in Alpine streams. This study provides new information on the microbial role in leaf litter decomposition with expected flow changes associated with a global change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gruppuso
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy.
- Centro per lo Studio dei Fiumi Alpini (ALPSTREAM - Alpine Stream Research Center), Ostana, (CN), Italy.
| | - J P Receveur
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Fenoglio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy
- Centro per lo Studio dei Fiumi Alpini (ALPSTREAM - Alpine Stream Research Center), Ostana, (CN), Italy
| | - F Bona
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy
- Centro per lo Studio dei Fiumi Alpini (ALPSTREAM - Alpine Stream Research Center), Ostana, (CN), Italy
| | - M E Benbow
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Masoni V, Giustra F, Bosco F, Lo Carmine L, Capella M, Cacciola G, Risitano S, Sabatini L, Massè A. Periprosthetic patella fractures in total knee replacement and revision surgeries: how to diagnose and treat this rare but potentially devastating complication-a review of the current literature. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2023; 33:2765-2772. [PMID: 37000239 PMCID: PMC10504128 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Periprosthetic patella fractures (PPPFs) are infrequent but potentially devastating complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and revision TKA (rTKA). These fractures may occur both in resurfaced and un-resurfaced patella. This review summarizes the current literature on PPPFs to help orthopedic surgeons diagnose and treat this uncommon but extremely challenging TKA complication. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in three databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, and EMBASE. All relevant information was retrieved and summarized in this narrative review. RESULTS In the studies analyzed, there is a general trend in favor of nonsurgical treatment, except for implant loosening or extensor lag with extensor apparatus disruption, because surgery is often associated with poor clinical outcomes and high complication rates. CONCLUSION PPPF is a rare but catastrophic event in TKA and rTKA, occurring mainly in a reconstructed patella. Patient-, implant-, and surgical technique-related factors contribute to its multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Prevention plays a crucial role in reducing the PPPFs rate. Conservative management is the treatment of choice due to high surgery complication rates unless implant loosening, or extensor apparatus disruption occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Masoni
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco di Torino - ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Lo Carmine
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Capella
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cacciola
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", Via Consolare Pompea, 98100, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Risitano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Sabatini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Turin, CTO, Via Zuretti 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Rocca M, Sacheli LM, Romeo L, Cavallo A. Visuo-motor interference is modulated by task interactivity: A kinematic study. Psychon Bull Rev 2023; 30:1788-1801. [PMID: 37127813 PMCID: PMC10716078 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Extensive evidence shows that action observation can influence action execution, a phenomenon often referred to as visuo-motor interference. Little is known about whether this effect can be modulated by the type of interaction agents are involved in, as different studies show conflicting results. In the present study, we aimed at shedding light on this question by recording and analyzing the kinematic unfolding of reach-to-grasp movements performed in interactive and noninteractive settings. Using a machine learning approach, we investigated whether the extent of visuo-motor interference would be enhanced or reduced in two different joint action settings compared with a noninteractive one. Our results reveal that the detrimental effect of visuo-motor interference is reduced when the action performed by the partner is relevant to achieve a common goal, regardless of whether this goal requires to produce a concrete sensory outcome in the environment (joint outcome condition) or only a joint movement configuration (joint movement condition). These findings support the idea that during joint actions we form dyadic motor plans, in which both our own and our partner's actions are represented in predictive terms and in light of the common goal to be achieved. The formation of a dyadic motor plan might allow agents to shift from the automatic simulation of an observed action to the active prediction of the consequences of a partner's action. Overall, our results demonstrate the unavoidable impact of others' action on our motor behavior in social contexts, and how strongly this effect can be modulated by task interactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Rocca
- Department of Psychology and Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- C'MoN, Cognition, Motion and Neuroscience Unit, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia Maria Sacheli
- Department of Psychology and Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMi), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Romeo
- Department of Economics and Law, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
- Computational Statistics and Machine Learning Laboratory, Center for Human Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavallo
- C'MoN, Cognition, Motion and Neuroscience Unit, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
- Move'N'Brains Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Gasco V, Cuboni D, Varaldo E, Bioletto F, Berton AM, Bona C, Prencipe N, Ghigo E, Maccario M, Grottoli S. GHRH + arginine test and body mass index: do we need to review diagnostic criteria for GH deficiency? J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2175-2183. [PMID: 37062055 PMCID: PMC10514141 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proportion of patients with low GH response to provocative tests increases with the number of other pituitary hormone deficiencies, reason why in panhypopituitary patients GH stimulation tests may be unnecessary to diagnose GH deficiency (GHD) PURPOSE: To re-evaluate the diagnostic cut-offs of GH response to GHRH + arginine (ARG) test related to BMI, considering the patients' pituitary function as the gold standard for the diagnosis of GHD. METHODS The GH responses to GHRH + ARG were studied in 358 patients with history of hypothalamic-pituitary disease. GHD was defined by the presence of at least 3 other pituitary deficits (n = 223), while a preserved somatotropic function was defined by the lack of other pituitary deficits and an IGF-I SDS ≥ 0 (n = 135). The cut-off with the best sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP), was identified for each BMI category using the ROC curve analysis. To avoid over-diagnosis of GHD we subsequently searched for the cut-offs with a SP ≥ 95%. RESULTS The best GH cut-off was 8.0 μg/l (SE 95%, SP 100%) in lean, 7.0 μg/l (SE 97.3%, SP 82.8%) in overweight, and 2.8 μg/l (SE 84.3%, SP 91.7%) in obese subjects. The cut-off with a SP ≥ 95% was 2.6 μg/l (SE 68.5%, SP 96.6%) in overweight and 1.75 μg/l (SE 70.0%, SP 97.2%) in obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study that evaluates the diagnostic cut-offs of GH response to GHRH + ARG related to BMI using a clinical definition of GHD as gold standard. Our results suggest that with this new approach, the GHRH + ARG cut-offs should be revised to avoid GHD over-diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Gasco
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - D. Cuboni
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E. Varaldo
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F. Bioletto
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A. M. Berton
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C. Bona
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - N. Prencipe
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E. Ghigo
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M. Maccario
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S. Grottoli
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Bosco F, Cacciola G, Giustra F, Risitano S, Capella M, Vezza D, Barberis L, Cavaliere P, Massè A, Sabatini L. Characterizing recurrent infections after one-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection of the knee: a systematic review of the literature. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2023; 33:2703-2715. [PMID: 36867259 PMCID: PMC10504163 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the knee represents a severe complication after 1.5% to 2% of primary total knee replacement. Although two-stage revision was considered the gold-standard treatment for PJI of the knee, in the last decades, more studies reported the outcomes of one-stage revisions. This systematic review aims to assess reinfection rate, infection-free survival after reoperation for recurrent infection, and the microorganisms involved in both primary and recurrent infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review of all studies reporting the outcome of one-stage revision for PJI of the knee up to September 2022, according to PRISMA criteria and AMSTAR2 guidelines, was performed. Patient demographics, clinical, surgical, and postoperative data were recorded. PROSPERO ID CRD42022362767. RESULTS Eighteen studies with a total of 881 one-stage revisions for PJI of the knee were analyzed. A reinfection rate of 12.2% after an average follow-up of 57.6 months was reported. The most frequent causative microorganism were gram-positive bacteria (71.1%), gram-negative bacteria (7.1%), and polymicrobial infections (8%). The average postoperative knee society score was 81.5, and the average postoperative knee function score was 74.2. The infection-free survival after treatment for recurrent infection was 92.1%. The causative microorganisms at reinfections differed significantly from the primary infection (gram-positive 44.4%, gram-negative 11.1%). CONCLUSION Patients who underwent a one-stage revision for PJI of the knee showed a reinfection rate lower or comparable to other surgical treatments as two-stage or DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention). Reoperation for reinfection demonstrates a lower success compared to one-stage revision. Moreover, microbiology differs between primary infection and recurrent infection. Level of evidence Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bosco
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco - ASL Città di Torino, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue, 3, 10154, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cacciola
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fortunato Giustra
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale San Giovanni Bosco - ASL Città di Torino, Piazza del Donatore di Sangue, 3, 10154, Turin, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Risitano
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Capella
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Vezza
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Barberis
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Cavaliere
- Istituto Ortopedico del Mezzogiorno d'Italia "Franco Scalabrino", 98100, Messina, Via Consolare Pompea, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massè
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Sabatini
- Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico (CTO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Turin, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Lo Moro G, Scaioli G, Vola L, Guastavigna L, Frattin R, De Vito E, Bert F, Siliquini R. Exploring Knowledge and Awareness of HCV Infection and Screening Test: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among an Italian Sample. J Community Health 2023; 48:769-783. [PMID: 37115378 PMCID: PMC10144876 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Addressing HCV represents a public health priority, especially in Italy, which has the highest HCV prevalence in Europe. This study primarily aimed to explore knowledge about the HCV infection and awareness of the existence of the HCV screening test in Italy, before the implementation of awareness campaigns in 2022. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted (December 2021-January 2022). The primary outcomes were: Disease Knowledge Score (DKS), Prevention and Transmission Knowledge Score (PTKS) (for both: scoring from 0 to 100%, higher scores corresponded to higher knowledge), and being unaware of the existence of the HCV screening. The final sample consisted of 813 participants. The median DKS was 75% (IQR = 66.7-83.3), the median PTKS was 46.2% (IQR = 38.5-53.8), and 23.2% of participants were unaware of HCV screening. Higher education, health-related study or profession, history of accidental injuries, being affected by HCV and having actively searched for information on HCV had positive associations with DKS. LGBT males showed significantly lower DKS. Considering PTKS, participants affected by HCV the disease had a negative association with this score. Having a postgraduate education reduced the likelihood of not knowing about the HCV screening test, while having at least one family member affected by hepatitis C increased this probability. This study highlighted a concerning lack of knowledge about prevention and transmission, indicating a need for targeted education campaigns. The findings emphasized the importance of information and motivation and identified male LGBT + individuals as a vulnerable group with limited disease knowledge. Future research should concern the effectiveness of awareness campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Lo Moro
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Scaioli
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Health Local Unit "ASL TO3", Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vola
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Guastavigna
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Frattin
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Vito
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Health Local Unit "ASL TO3", Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Ruiu R, Cossu C, Iacoviello A, Conti L, Bolli E, Ponzone L, Magri J, Rumandla A, Calautti E, Cavallo F. Cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT deficiency reduces metastasis without impairing immune system function in breast cancer mouse models. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:254. [PMID: 37770957 PMCID: PMC10540318 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The upregulation of antioxidant mechanisms is a common occurrence in cancer cells, as they strive to maintain balanced redox state and prevent oxidative damage. This includes the upregulation of the cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT, which plays a crucial role in protecting cancer cells from oxidative stress. Consequently, targeting xCT has become an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. However, xCT is also expressed by several types of immune cells where it has a role in proliferation and effector functions. In light of these observations, a comprehensive understanding of the specific role of xCT in the initiation and progression of cancer, as well as its potential impact on the immune system within the tumor microenvironment and the anti-tumor response, require further investigation. METHODS We generated xCTnull BALB/c mice to investigate the role of xCT in the immune system and xCTnull/Erbb2-transgenic BALB-neuT mice to study the role of xCT in a mammary cancer-prone model. We also used mammary cancer cells derived from BALB-neuT/xCTnull mice and xCTKO 4T1 cells to test the contribution of xCT to malignant properties in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS xCT depletion in BALB-neuT/xCTnull mice does not alter autochthonous tumor initiation, but tumor cells isolated from these mice display proliferation and redox balance defects in vitro. Although xCT disruption sensitizes 4T1 cells to oxidative stress, it does not prevent transplantable tumor growth, but reduces cell migration in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. This is accompanied by an altered immune cell recruitment in the pre-metastatic niche. Finally, systemic depletion of xCT in host mice does not affect transplantable tumor growth and metastasis nor impair the proper mounting of both humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo. CONCLUSIONS xCT is dispensable for proper immune system function, thus supporting the safety of xCT targeting in oncology. Nevertheless, xCT is involved in several processes required for the metastatic seeding of mammary cancer cells, thus broadening the scope of xCT-targeting approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ruiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Chiara Cossu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Antonella Iacoviello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bolli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Luca Ponzone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Epithelial Stem Cell Biology and Signaling, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Jolanda Magri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alekya Rumandla
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
- Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Center, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560099, India
| | - Enzo Calautti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Epithelial Stem Cell Biology and Signaling, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oncoimmunology, Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy.
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Malik M, Senatore R, Langer T, Holzer W, Pace V. Base-mediated homologative rearrangement of nitrogen-oxygen bonds of N-methyl- N-oxyamides. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10140-10146. [PMID: 37772102 PMCID: PMC10530184 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the well known reactivity of C(O)-N functionalities towards canonical C1-homologating agents (e.g. carbenoids, diazomethane, ylides), resulting in the extrusion of the N-centered fragment en route to carbonyl compounds, formal C1-insertions within N-O bonds still remain obscure. Herein, we document the homologative transformation of N-methyl-N-oxyamides - with high tolerance for diverse O-substituents - into N-acyl-N,O-acetals. Under controlled basic conditions, the N-methyl group of the same starting materials acts as a competent precursor of the methylene synthon required for the homologation. The logic is levered on the formation of an electrophilic iminium ion (via N-O heterolysis) susceptible to nucleophilic attack by the alkoxide previously expulsed. The procedure documents genuine chemocontrol and flexibility, as judged by the diversity of substituents placed on both amide and nitrogen linchpins. The mechanistic rationale was validated through experiments conducted on D-labeled materials which unambiguously attributed the origin of the methylene fragment to the N-methyl group of the starting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Raffaele Senatore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Wolfgang Holzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Vittorio Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 1090 Vienna Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin Via Giuria 7 10125 Turin Italy
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Sciascia I, Crosino A, Genre A. Quantifying root colonization by a symbiotic fungus using automated image segmentation and machine learning approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14830. [PMID: 37684263 PMCID: PMC10491830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are one of the most widespread symbiosis on earth. This plant-fungus interaction involves around 72% of plant species, including most crops. AM symbiosis improves plant nutrition and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The fungus, in turn, receives carbon compounds derived from the plant photosynthetic process, such as sugars and lipids. Most studies investigating AM and their applications in agriculture requires a precise quantification of the intensity of plant colonization. At present, the majority of researchers in the field base AM quantification analyses on manual visual methods, prone to operator errors and limited reproducibility. Here we propose a novel semi-automated approach to quantify AM fungal root colonization based on digital image analysis comparing three methods: (i) manual quantification (ii) image thresholding, (iii) machine learning. We recognize machine learning as a very promising tool for accelerating, simplifying and standardizing critical steps in analysing AM quantification, answering to an urgent need by the scientific community studying this symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Sciascia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Crosino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Grange E, Solaro C, Di Giovanni R, Marengo D. The correlation between 9-HPT and patient-reported measures of upper limb function in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol 2023; 270:4179-4191. [PMID: 37294322 PMCID: PMC10421783 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Upper limb function is one of the most affected domains in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), as self-reported by 50% of patients. Heterogeneous results have been found about the correlation between objective and subjective upper limb function. The aim of the present study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies presenting data on the strength of association between the gold standard for 9-Hole Peg Test scores and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) of manual ability. Primary research studies including assessments of 9-Hole Peg Test scores and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures were searched in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Meta analytical calculations were performed using a random-effects model. We retrieved n = 27 studies including n = 75 distinct effect sizes (N of subjects = 3263). The central tendency analysis showed a strong correlation between 9-HPT scores and PROMs (r = 0.51, 95% CI [0.44, 0.58]). Moderator analysis showed the effect size to be significantly larger in studies with a mean or median EDSS level indicating severe disability. The publication bias hypothesis was not supported; instead, we noted that studies based on larger samples also tend to report stronger effect sizes. Results of the study indicate that the correlation between 9-HPT and PROMs is strong, although the constructs measured by these instrument does not fully overlap. The correlation between 9-HPT and PROMs was stronger in larger studies and when samples include a sizeable subgroup of PwMS with severe disability, pointing out the importance of sample diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Grange
- CRRF "Mons. Luigi Novarese", Moncrivello, VC, Italy
- Scientific Research Area, Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (FISM), Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudio Solaro
- CRRF "Mons. Luigi Novarese", Moncrivello, VC, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Davide Marengo
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Terranova F, Baciadonna L, Maccarone C, Isaja V, Gamba M, Favaro L. Penguins perceive variations of source- and filter-related vocal parameters of species-specific vocalisations. Anim Cogn 2023; 26:1613-1622. [PMID: 37401990 PMCID: PMC10442253 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-023-01806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Animal vocalisations encode a wide range of biological information about the age, sex, body size, and social status of the emitter. Moreover, vocalisations play a significant role in signalling the identity of the emitter to conspecifics. Recent studies have shown that, in the African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), acoustic cues to individual identity are encoded in the fundamental frequency (F0) and resonance frequencies (formants) of the vocal tract. However, although penguins are known to produce vocalisations where F0 and formants vary among individuals, it remains to be tested whether the receivers can perceive and use such information in the individual recognition process. In this study, using the Habituation-Dishabituation (HD) paradigm, we tested the hypothesis that penguins perceive and respond to a shift of ± 20% (corresponding to the natural inter-individual variation observed in ex-situ colonies) of F0 and formant dispersion (ΔF) of species-specific calls. We found that penguins were more likely to look rapidly and for longer at the source of the sound when F0 and formants of the calls were manipulated, indicating that they could perceive variations of these parameters in the vocal signals. Our findings provide the first experimental evidence that, in the African penguin, listeners can perceive changes in F0 and formants, which can be used by the receiver as potential cues for the individual discrimination of the emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Terranova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Baciadonna
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Chiara Maccarone
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Marco Gamba
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Livio Favaro
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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48
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Abstract
Recent insights in allorecognition and graft rejection mechanisms revealed a more complex picture than originally considered, involving multiple pathways of both adaptive and innate immune response, supplied by efficient inflammatory synergies. Current pillars of transplant monitoring are serum creatinine, proteinuria, and drug blood levels, which are considered as traditional markers, due to consolidated experience, low cost, and widespread availability. The most diffuse immunological biomarkers are donor-specific antibodies, which are included in routine post-transplant monitoring in many centers, although with some reproducibility issues and interpretation difficulties. Confirmed abnormalities in these traditional biomarkers raise the suspicion for rejection and guide the indication for graft biopsy, which is still considered the gold standard for rejection monitoring. Rapidly evolving new "omic" technologies have led to the identification of several novel biomarkers, which may change the landscape of transplant monitoring should their potential be confirmed. Among them, urinary chemokines and measurement of cell-free DNA of donor origin are perhaps the most promising. However, at the moment, these approaches remain highly expensive and cost-prohibitive in most settings, with limited clinical applicability; approachable costs upon technology investments would speed their integration. In addition, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and the study of blood and urinary extracellular vesicles have the potential for early identification of subclinical rejection with high sensitivity and specificity, good reproducibility, and for gaining predictive value in an affordable cost setting. In the near future, information derived from these new biomarkers is expected to integrate traditional tools in routine use, allowing identification of rejection prior to clinical manifestations and timely therapeutic intervention. This review will discuss traditional, novel, and invasive and non-invasive biomarkers, underlining their strengths, limitations, and present or future applications in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Peruzzi
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Regina Margherita Department, City of Health and Science University Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Immunogenetics and Transplant Biology Service, City of Health and Science University Hospital, Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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49
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Cristiano W, Raimondi T, Valente D, De Gregorio C, Torti V, Ferrario V, Carugati F, Miaretsoa L, Mancini L, Gamba M, Giacoma C. Singing more, singing harsher: occurrence of nonlinear phenomena in a primate' song. Anim Cogn 2023; 26:1661-1673. [PMID: 37458893 PMCID: PMC10442282 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-023-01809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear phenomena (NLP) in animal vocalizations arise from irregularities in the oscillation of the vocal folds. Various non-mutually exclusive hypotheses have been put forward to explain the occurrence of NLP, from adaptive to physiological ones. Non-human primates often display NLP in their vocalizations, yet the communicative role of these features, if any, is still unclear. We here investigate the occurrence of NLP in the song of a singing primate, the indri (Indri indri), testing for the effect of sex, age, season, and duration of the vocal display on their emission. Our results show that NLP occurrence in indri depends on phonation, i.e., the cumulative duration of all the units emitted by an individual, and that NLP have higher probability to be emitted in the later stages of the song, probably due to the fatigue indris may experience while singing. Furthermore, NLP happen earlier in the vocal display of adult females than in that of the adult males, and this is probably due to the fact that fatigue occurs earlier in the former because of a greater contribution within the song. Our findings suggest, therefore, that indris may be subjected to physiological constraints during the singing process which may impair the production of harmonic sounds. However, indris may still benefit from emitting NLP by strengthening the loudness of their signals for better advertising their presence to the neighboring conspecific groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Cristiano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy.
- Ecosystems and Health Unit, Environment and Health Department, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Teresa Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Daria Valente
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara De Gregorio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Torti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Ferrario
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Carugati
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Longondraza Miaretsoa
- Groupe d'Étude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar (GERP), II M 78 BIS Antsakaviro, B.P 779, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Laura Mancini
- Ecosystems and Health Unit, Environment and Health Department, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gamba
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Giacoma
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123, Turin, Italy
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50
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Iocca O, Copelli C, Garzino-Demo P, Ramieri G, Rubattino S, Sedran L, Volpe F, Manfuso A, Longo F, Sanchez-Aniceto G, Rivero-Calle Á, García-Sánchez A, Pellini R, Petruzzi G, Moretto S, Al-Qamachi L, Aga H, Ridley S, Di Maio P. Submandibular gland involvement in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:4205-4214. [PMID: 37280380 PMCID: PMC10382344 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The submandibular gland (SMG) is routinely excised during neck dissection. Given the importance of the SMG in saliva production, it is important to understand its involvement rate by cancer tissue and the feasibility of its preservation. METHODS Retrospective data were collected from five academic centers in Europe. The study involved adult patients affected by primary oral cavity carcinoma (OCC) undergoing tumor excision and neck dissection. The main outcome analyzed was the SMG involvement rate. A systematic review and a meta-analysis were also conducted to provide an updated synthesis of the topic. RESULTS A total of 642 patients were enrolled. The SMG involvement rate was 12/642 (1.9%; 95% CI 1.0-3.2) when considered per patient, and 12/852 (1.4%; 95% CI 0.6-2.1) when considered per gland. All the glands involved were ipsilateral to the tumor. Statistical analysis showed that predictive factors for gland invasion were: advanced pT status, advanced nodal involvement, presence of extracapsular spread and perivascular invasion. The involvement of level I lymph nodes was associated with gland invasion in 9 out of 12 cases. pN0 cases were correlated with a reduced risk of SMG involvement. The review of the literature and the meta-analysis confirmed the rare involvement of the SMG: on the 4458 patients and 5037 glands analyzed, the involvement rate was 1.8% (99% CI 1.1-2.7) and 1.6% (99% CI 1.0-2.4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of SMG involvement in primary OCC is rare. Therefore, exploring gland preservation as an option in selected cases would be reasonable. Future prospective studies are needed to investigate the oncological safety and the real impact on quality of life of SMG preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oreste Iocca
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Chiara Copelli
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Garzino-Demo
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Ramieri
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Rubattino
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Sedran
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Volpe
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alfonso Manfuso
- Operative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Otolaryngology and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Francesco Longo
- Operative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Otolaryngology and Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Raul Pellini
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Petruzzi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Moretto
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Hiba Aga
- Queen's Medical University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Pasquale Di Maio
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head Neck Surgery, Hospital of Magenta, Milan, Italy
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