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Cele N, Awolade P, Seboletswe P, Khubone L, Olofinsan K, Islam MS, Jordaan A, Warner DF, Singh P. Synthesis,Antidiabetic and Antitubercular Evaluation of Quinoline-pyrazolopyrimidine hybrids and Quinoline-4-Arylamines. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400014. [PMID: 38506589 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Two libraries of quinoline-based hybrids 1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine and 7-chloro-N-phenylquinolin-4-amine were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties. Compounds with 4-methylpiperidine and para-trifluoromethoxy groups, respectively, showed the most promising α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 =46.70 and 40.84 μM, compared to the reference inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 =51.73 μM). Structure-activity relationship analysis suggested that the cyclic secondary amine pendants and para-phenyl substituents account for the variable enzyme inhibition. Antioxidant profiling further revealed that compounds with an N-methylpiperazine and N-ethylpiperazine ring, respectively, have good DPPH scavenging abilities with IC50 =0.18, 0.58 and 0.93 mM, as compared to ascorbic acid (IC50 =0.05 mM), while the best DPPH scavenger is NO2 -substituted compound (IC50 =0.08 mM). Also, compound with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine moiety emerged as the best NO radical scavenger with IC50 =0.28 mM. Molecular docking studies showed that the present compounds are orthosteric inhibitors with their quinoline, pyrimidine, and 4-amino units as crucial pharmacophores furnishing α-glucosidase binding at the catalytic site. Taken together, these compounds exhibit dual potentials; i. e., potent α-glucosidase inhibitors and excellent free radical scavengers. Hence, they may serve as structural templates in the search for agents to manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Finally, in preliminary assays investigating the anti-tubercular potential of these compounds, two pyrazolopyrimidine series compounds and a 7-chloro-N-phenylquinolin-4-amine hybrid showed sub-10 μM whole-cell activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosipho Cele
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Paul Awolade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Pule Seboletswe
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lungisani Khubone
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kolawole Olofinsan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Audrey Jordaan
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Digby F Warner
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Parvesh Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban, South Africa
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Naseem S, Fatima S, Ullah S, Khan A, Mali SN, Jawarkar RD, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z. Carbonylbis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) derivatives as a new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors and their mechanistic insights via molecular docking and dynamic simulations. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300604. [PMID: 38148299 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
In the past, efforts have been made to find a cure for diabetes, mainly evaluating new classes of compounds to explore their potency. In this study, we present the synthesis and evaluation of carbonylbis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) derivatives as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors, employing both in vivo and in silico investigations. The in vitro experiments revealed that all tested compounds were significantly potent for α-glucosidase inhibition, with the lead compound 3a displaying approximately 80 times higher activity than acarbose. To delve deeper, in silico induced fit docking, pharmacokinetics, and molecular dynamics studies were conducted. Significantly, compound 3a exhibited a docking score of -7.87 kcal/mol, surpassing acarbose, which had a docking score of -6.59 kcal/mol. The in silico ADMET indicated that most of the synthesized compounds have properties conducive to drug development. Molecular dynamics analysis demonstrated that, when the ligand 3a was coupled with the target 3TOP, Cα-RMSD backbone RMSD values below 2.4 Å and "Lig_fit_Prot" values below 2.7 Å were observed. QSAR analysis demonstrates that the "fOC8A" descriptor positively correlates with α-glucosidase inhibition activity, while "lipoplus_AbSA" positively contributes and "notringC_notringO_8B" negatively contributes to this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Naseem
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shamool Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Suraj N Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, Amravati, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Bonn, Germany
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Okune S, Hayakawa M, Hino T, Hiramine T, Akimoto T, Sato M, Ito Y, Marushima A, Takada T, Ishikawa E, Tamaoka A, Matsumaru Y. Transient Hemichorea-hemiballism Induced by a Combination of Postprandial Hypotension and Severe Stenosis of the Innominate Artery Concomitant with Left Carotid Occlusion. Intern Med 2024; 63:577-582. [PMID: 37407451 PMCID: PMC10937142 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0633-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemichorea-hemiballism (HCHB) due to transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is rare. An 83-year-old woman had repeated episodes of right-sided HCHB for 3 months. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography demonstrated occlusion of the left carotid and middle cerebral arteries and severe stenosis of the innominate artery, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring showed a blood pressure decrease of >20 mmHg after each meal. We speculated that HCHB developed as TIAs due to hemodynamic failure in the left cerebral hemisphere, caused by a combination of severe stenosis of the innominate artery concomitant with occlusion of the left carotid and middle cerebral arteries as well as postprandial hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Okune
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mikito Hayakawa
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Division of Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tenyu Hino
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
| | - Takato Hiramine
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
| | - Taisuke Akimoto
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Ito
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Aiki Marushima
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumaru
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan
- Division of Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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Liu J, Li JH, Zhao SY, Chang YQ, Chen QX, Wu WF, Jiao SM, Xiao H, Zhang Q, Zhao JF, Xu J, Sun PH. Discovery of N-(phenylsulfonyl)thiazole-2-carboxamides as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22128. [PMID: 37984820 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In a search for novel nonsugar α-glucosidase inhibitors for diabetes treatment, a series of N-(phenylsulfonyl)thiazole-2-carboxamide derivatives were designed and synthesized, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were then evaluated. Several compounds with promising α-glucosidase inhibitory effects were identified. Among these, compound W24 which shows low cytotoxicity and good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 53.0 ± 7.7 μM, is more competitive compared with the commercially available drug acarbose (IC50 = 228.3 ± 9.2 μM). W24 was identified as a promising candidate in the development of α-glucosidase inhibitors. Molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulation were also performed to reveal the binding pattern of the active compound to α-glucosidase, and the binding free energy of the best compound W24 was 36.3403 ± 3.91 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Si-Yu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yi-Qun Chang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qiu-Xian Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wen-Fu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shu-Meng Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Haichuan Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian-Fu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ping-Hua Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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5
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Nguyen HT, Tuan AN, Thi TAD, Van KT, Le-Nhat-Thuy G, Thi PH, Thi QGN, Thi CB, Quang HT, Van Nguyen T. Synthesis, in vitro Α-Glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of novel Indol-Fused Pyrano[2,3-D]Pyrimidine compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 98:129566. [PMID: 38008338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new indol-fused pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines were designed and synthesized. These products were obtained in moderate to good yields and their structures were assigned by NMR, MS, and IR analysis. Afterwards, the biological important of the products was highlighted by evaluating in vitro for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. Eleven products revealed substantial inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme, among which, two most potent products 11d,e were approximately 93-fold more potent than acarbose as a standard antidiabetic drug. Besides that, product 11k exhibited good AChE inhibition. The substituents on the 5-phenyl ring, attached to the pyran ring, played a critical role in inhibitory activities. The biological potencies have provided an opportunity to further investigations of indol-fused pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potential anti-diabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thanh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Nguyen Tuan
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuyet Anh Dang Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ket Tran Van
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Military Technology Academy, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Le-Nhat-Thuy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Hoang Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Giang Nguyen Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cham Ba Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung Tran Quang
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Khan M, Ahad G, Alam A, Ullah S, Khan A, Kanwal, Salar U, Wadood A, Ajmal A, Khan KM, Perveen S, Uddin J, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of new bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone hydrazone for diabetic management: In-vitro and in-silico approach. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23323. [PMID: 38163112 PMCID: PMC10757017 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting α-glucosidase is a reliable method for reducing blood sugar levels in diabetic individuals. Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone derivatives 1-27 were synthesized from bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone via two-step reaction. Different spectroscopic techniques, including EI-MS and 1H NMR, were employed to characterize all synthetic derivatives. The elemental composition of synthetic compounds was confirmed by elemental analysis and results were found in agreement with the calculated values. The synthetic compounds 1-27 were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, except five compounds all derivatives showed good to moderate inhibitory potential in the range of IC50 = 0.28 ± 2.65 - 0.94 ± 2.20 μM. Among them, the most active compounds were 5, 8, 9, and 12 with IC50 values of 0.29 ± 4.63, 0.29 ± 0.93, 0.28 ± 3.65, and 0.28 ± 2.65, respectively. Furthermore, all these compounds were found to be non-toxic on human fibroblast cell lines (BJ cell lines). Kinetics study of compounds 8 and 9 revealed competitive type of inhibition with Ki values 2.79 ± 0.011 and 3.64 ± 0.012 μM, respectively. The binding interactions of synthetic compounds were also confirmed through molecular docking studies that indicated that compounds fit well in the active site of enzyme. Furthermore, a total of 30ns MD simulation was carried out for the most potent complexes of the series. The molecular dynamics study revealed that compound-8 and compound-12 were stable during the MD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Ahad
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Lower Dir, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Kanwal
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Salar
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Amar Ajmal
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi, 75280, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
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Kokila NR, Mahesh B, Ramu R, Mruthunjaya K, Bettadaiah BK, Madhyastha H. Inhibitory effect of gallic acid from Thunbergia mysorensis against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase and their interaction: Inhibition kinetics and molecular simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10642-10658. [PMID: 36533383 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2156923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this exploration, we assessed the antihyperglycaemic properties of methanol extract of flowers of Thunbergia mysorensis (MeT) against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and aldose reductase enzymes for the effective management of postprandial hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia occurs when the body lacks enough insulin or is unable to correctly utilize it. MeT inhibited both the carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) and aldose reductase, which are vital for the therapeutic control of postprandial hyperglycaemia. MeT was also found to have significant antioxidant activity. Using several spectroscopic approaches, the primary active component found in MeT was identified as gallic acid. With low Ki values, gallic acid significantly inhibited α-glucosidase (30.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (6.50 µg/mL). Also, MeT and gallic acid both inhibited aldose reductase effectively, corresponding to an IC50 value of 3.31 and 3.05 µg/mL. Our findings imply that the presence of polyphenol compounds (identified via HPLC analysis) is more likely to be responsible for the antihyperglycaemic role exhibited by MeT via the inhibition of α-glucosidase and the polyol pathway. Further, gallic acid interacted with the key residues of the active sites of α-glucosidase (-6.4 kcal/mol), α-amylase (-5.8 kcal/mol) and aldose reductase (-5.8 kcal/mol) as observed in the protein-ligand docking. It was also predicted that gallic acid was stable inside the binding pockets of the target enzymes during molecular dynamics simulation. Overall, gallic acid derived from MeT via bioassay-guided isolation emerges as a natural antidiabetic drug and can be taken into in vivo and clinical studies shortly.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Kokila
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - B Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry, JSS Academy of Technical Education,(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B K Bettadaiah
- Spices and Flavour Science Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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8
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Deng C, Zhang N, Lin H, Lu W, Ding F, Gao Y, Zhang Y. Recent Progress on Natural α-glucosidase Inhibitors Derived from the Plants and Microorganisms. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-136336. [PMID: 38013439 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673272908231115101520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) showcase versatile biochemical activities with respect to antidiabetic, anticancerous, antiobese and antiviral effects. They have drawn a great deal of attention from the scientific community. While α-glucosidase inhibitors are mostly discovered from plants and microorganisms, the recent advance in natural αglucosidase inhibitors over the past five years has been reviewed in this article, and 139 distinct α-glucosidase inhibitors from the plants and microorganisms were classified into ten groups based on their chemical structures, including flavonoids (34), xanthones (6), alkaloids (8), benzopyrones / benzofuranones (8), terpenes (23), saponins (8), phenols / alcohols (25), esters (18), chalcone (5) and other compounds (4). In this review, we mainly focused on the novel chemical structures and the various biological activities of theses natural AGIs. Some of the selected natural compounds exhibit powerful α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and anti-tumor activity, may hold promise to become the candidate drugs for treating type II diabetes and cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Hanlin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Wangting Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Yangguang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
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Chen Y, Xiao Y, Lian G, Yi J, Liu X. Pneumatosis intestinalis associated with α-glucosidase inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study of the FDA adverse event reporting system from 2004 to 2022. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37929311 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2278708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are suitable for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with carbohydrate-rich diets while were reported associated with the rare but potentially life-threatening pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) were examined for AGIs, acarbose, voglibose, miglitol, or other anti-hyperglycemic drug classes. The reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, gamma poisson shrinker, and bayesian confidence propagation neural network were applied to determine the safety signals, which were performed under two other models to control for bias from type 2 diabetes mellitus and other anti-hyperglycemic drugs. RESULTS We found a significantly higher reporting of PI in all AGIs group [ROR = 73.85 (61.56-88.58)]. When further subdivided, voglibose and miglitol had a larger ROR than acarbose whether models were adjusted or not. The safety signals of biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, and other drug classes were not detected in three models. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified the safety signals of the PI-AGIs pair, primarily based on disproportionality analysis while controlling for confounders such as the disease-associated risk of PI and concomitant drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanghui Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Shamim S, Khan KM, Ali M, Mahdavi M, Salar U, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Faramarzi MA, Ullah N, Taha M. Diphenyl-substituted triazine derivatives: synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, kinetics and in silico studies. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1651-1668. [PMID: 37727987 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder, considered to be a major global health challenge in the 21st century. α-Glucosidase enzyme is a well-known drug target to treat Type II DM. Methods: A new library of biphenyl-substituted triazines was synthesized and confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. Results: All compounds showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 35.35 ± 0.34 to 564.41 ± 0.91 μM, as the standard acarbose, IC50 value of 750.7 ± 0.13 μM. Our in silico study has predicted key interactions with the enzyme's active site. Drug-likeness and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity were also studied. Conclusion: This study has identified a range of potential hits against the α-glucosidase enzyme that may serve as antidiabetic agents after further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Shamim
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ali
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Uzma Salar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani
- Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO Box 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Aguila-Muñoz DG, Jiménez-Montejo FE, López-López VE, Mendieta-Moctezuma A, Rodríguez-Antolín J, Cornejo-Garrido J, Cruz-López MC. Evaluation of α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antihyperglycemic Activity of Extracts Obtained from Leaves and Flowers of Rumex crispus L. Molecules 2023; 28:5760. [PMID: 37570730 PMCID: PMC10420655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Among antihyperglycemic drugs used for treating diabetes, α-glucosidase inhibitors generate the least adverse effects. This contribution aimed to evaluate the potential antidiabetic activity of Rumex crispus L. by testing its in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition and in vivo antihyperglycemic effects on rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Better inhibition of α-glucosidase was found with the methanol extract versus the n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts. The methanol extract of the flowers (RCFM) was more effective than that of the leaves (RCHM), with an IC50 of 7.3 ± 0.17 μg/mL for RCFM and 112.0 ± 1.23 μg/mL for RCHM. A bioactive fraction (F89s) also showed good α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 3.8 ± 0.11 μg/mL). In a preliminary study, RCHM and RCFM at 150 mg/kg and F89s at 75 mg/kg after 30 days showed a significant effect on hyperglycemia, reducing glucose levels (82.2, 80.1, and 84.1%, respectively), and improved the lipid, renal, and hepatic profiles of the rats, comparable with the effects of metformin and acarbose. According to the results, the activity of R. crispus L. may be mediated by a diminished rate of disaccharide hydrolysis, associated with the inhibition of α-glucosidase. Thus, R. crispus L. holds promise for the development of auxiliary drugs to treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores G. Aguila-Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Tlaxcala 90700, Mexico; (F.E.J.-M.); (V.E.L.-L.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Fabiola E. Jiménez-Montejo
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Tlaxcala 90700, Mexico; (F.E.J.-M.); (V.E.L.-L.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Víctor E. López-López
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Tlaxcala 90700, Mexico; (F.E.J.-M.); (V.E.L.-L.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Aarón Mendieta-Moctezuma
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Tlaxcala 90700, Mexico; (F.E.J.-M.); (V.E.L.-L.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Antolín
- Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala 90070, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Cornejo-Garrido
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Productos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07320, Mexico;
| | - María C. Cruz-López
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Tlaxcala 90700, Mexico; (F.E.J.-M.); (V.E.L.-L.); (A.M.-M.)
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12
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Mu X, Wang R, Cheng C, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Lu W. Preparation, structural properties, and in vitro and in vivo activities of peptides against dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and α-glucosidase: a general review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37310013 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2217444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing and most widespread diseases worldwide. Approximately 90% of diabetic patients have type 2 diabetes. In 2019, there were about 463 million diabetic patients worldwide. Inhibiting the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and α-glucosidase activity is an effective strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Currently, various anti-diabetic bioactive peptides have been isolated and identified. This review summarizes the preparation methods, structure-effect relationships, molecular binding sites, and effectiveness validation of DPP-IV and α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides in cellular and animal models. The analysis of peptides shows that the DPP-IV inhibitory peptides, containing 2-8 amino acids and having proline, leucine, and valine at their N-terminal and C-terminal, are the highly active peptides. The more active α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides contain 2-9 amino acids and have valine, isoleucine, and proline at the N-terminal and proline, alanine, and serine at the C-terminal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Mu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Zhengzhou Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiongqing Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Qiongqing, China
| | - Cuilin Cheng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Qiongqing Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Qiongqing, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Zhengzhou Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiongqing Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Qiongqing, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Zhengzhou Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiongqing Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Qiongqing, China
| | - Weihong Lu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Zhengzhou Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Qiongqing Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Qiongqing, China
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13
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Nguyen VB, Wang SL, Phan TQ, Pham THT, Huang HT, Liaw CC, Nguyen AD. Screening and Elucidation of Chemical Structures of Novel Mammalian α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Targeting Anti-Diabetes Drug from Herbals Used by E De Ethnic Tribe in Vietnam. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050756. [PMID: 37242539 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among ten extracts of indigenous medicinal plants, the MeOH extract of Terminalia triptera Stapf. (TTS) showed the most efficient mammalian α-glucosidase inhibition for the first time. The data of screening bioactive parts used indicated that the TTS trunk bark and leaves extracts demonstrated comparable and higher effects compared to acarbose, a commercial anti-diabetic drug, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 181, 331, and 309 µg/mL, respectively. Further bioassay-guided purification led to the isolation of three active compounds from the TTS trunk bark extract and identified as (-)-epicatechin (1), eschweilenol C (2), and gallic acid (3). Of these, compounds 1 and 2 were determined as novel and potent mammalian α-glucosidase inhibitors. The virtual study indicated that these compounds bind to α-glucosidase (Q6P7A9) with acceptable RMSD values (1.16-1.56 Å) and good binding energy (DS values in the range of -11.4 to -12.8 kcal/mol) by interacting with various prominent amino acids to generate five and six linkages, respectively. The data of Lipinski's rule of five and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)-based pharmacokinetics and pharmacology revealed that these purified compounds possess anti-diabetic drug properties, and the compounds are almost not toxic for human use. Thus, the findings of this work suggested that (-)-epicatechin and eschweilenol C are novel potential mammalian α-glucosidase inhibitor candidates for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Tu Quy Phan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen Thoa Pham
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
| | - Hung-Tse Huang
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam
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14
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Hamedifar H, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Sherafati M, Noori M, Moazam A, Hosseini S, Larijani B, Hajimiri MH, Mahdavi M, Erdogan MK, Gundogdu R, Kirici M, Taslimi P, Gülçin İ. Design, synthesis, α-glucosidase inhibition, pharmacokinetic, and cytotoxic studies of new indole-carbohydrazide-phenoxy-N-phenylacetamide derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023:e2200571. [PMID: 37017555 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
A new series of indole-carbohydrazide-phenoxy-N-phenylacetamide derivatives 7a-l were designed, synthesized, and screened for their α-glucosidase inhibitory abilities and cytotoxic effects. The results obtained in the α-glucosidase inhibition assay indicated that most of the synthesized derivatives displayed good to moderate inhibitory abilities (Ki values ranging from 14.65 ± 2.54 to 37.466 ± 6.46 μM) when compared with the standard drug acarbose (Ki = 42.38 ± 5.73 μM). Among them, 2-mehoxy-phenoxy derivatives 7l and 7h with 4-nitro and 4-chloro substituents on the phenyl ring of the N-phenylacetamide moiety, respectively, displayed the most inhibition effects. The inhibitory mechanism of these compounds was investigated by molecular docking studies. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that only one compound, 2-methoxy-phenoxy derivative 7k with a 4-bromo substituent on the phenyl ring of the N-phenylacetamide moiety, exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against the human non-small-cell lung cancer cell line A549 and the rest of the compounds show almost no cytotoxicity. Further cytotoxic evaluations were also performed on compound 7k. The in silico pharmacokinetic study predicted that the selected compounds 7l and 7h are likely to be orally active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Hamedifar
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maedeh Sherafati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Noori
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moazam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir H Hajimiri
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehmet K Erdogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkiye
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkiye
| | - Mahinur Kirici
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkiye
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkiye
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye
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15
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Dhameja M, Kumar H, Kurella S, Singh R, Uma A, Gupta P. Inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme by 'click'-inspired pharmacophore framework 1,3,4-thiadiazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:345-363. [PMID: 36942781 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: α-Glucosidase inhibitors are important oral antidiabetic drugs that are used alone or in combination therapy. Materials & methods: In this regard, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles-1,2,3-triazoles were designed, synthesized and evaluated for α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. Results: The applied synthesis protocol involved a 'click' reaction between a novel alkyne derived from a 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative and phenylacetamide azides. The hybrid (9n) bearing 2-methyl and 4-nitro substituents was the best inhibitor with an IC50 value of 31.91 μM (acarbose IC50 = 844.81 μM). The blind molecular docking study of the best derivative (9n) showed that it interacted with the allosteric site's amino acid residues of α-glucosidase. Conclusion: 'Click'-inspired potential α-glucosidase inhibitors (1,3,4-thiadiazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids) were identified and structure-activity relationship and kinetic and molecular docking studies accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Dhameja
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Decision Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Hariom Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Decision Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Sirisha Kurella
- Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - Ravindra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharani Shri Jaya Government Post-Graduate College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 321001, India
| | - Adepally Uma
- Institute of Science & Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Decision Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
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16
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Zhu LP, Fang SY, Lu XC, Wang QQ, Wang J, Fang CQ, Zhang XG, Zhang J, Pan K, Yin ZQ. Structurally diverse glycosides with α-glucosidase inhibitory properties from water extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Fitoterapia 2023; 167:105473. [PMID: 36931529 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work we investigated the chemical constituents of water extract of the leaves of C. paliurus. Two new megastigmane glycosides (3 and 8), three aliphatic alcohol glycosides (9-11), and two aromatic glycosides (12 and 13), along with fourteen known compounds were isolated, and their in vitro inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was evaluated. Compounds 13 and 15-18 displayed inhibitory activity with IC50 values varying from 27.05 to 96.58 μM, and the structure-activity relationship among isolated compounds was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Zhu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211200, PR China
| | - Si-Yang Fang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Xing-Chen Lu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Qing-Qing Wang
- Wanbangde Pharmaceutical Group Hangzhou Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Center of CPU, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Chang-Qian Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211200, PR China
| | - Xiao-Gai Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211200, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211200, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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17
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Rehman NU, Ullah S, Alam T, Halim SA, Mohanta TK, Khan A, Anwar MU, Csuk R, Avula SK, Al-Harrasi A. Discovery of New Boswellic Acid Hybrid 1 H-1,2,3-Triazoles for Diabetic Management: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:229. [PMID: 37259377 PMCID: PMC9960759 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 24 new 1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-AKBA (1)) and 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-KBA (2)) was designed and synthesized by employing "click" chemistry in a highly efficient manner. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between β-AKBA-propargyl ester intermediate 3 or β-KBA-propargyl ester intermediate 4 with substituted aromatic azides 5a-5k in the presence of copper iodide (CuI) and Hünig's base furnished the desired products-1H-1,2,3-triazole hybrids of β-AKBA (6a-6k) and β-KBA (7a-7k)-in high yields. All new synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and HR-ESI-MS spectrometry. Furthermore, their α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity was evaluated in vitro. Interestingly, the results obtained from the α-glucosidase-inhibitory assay revealed that all the synthesized derivatives are highly potent inhibitors, with IC50 values ranging from 0.22 to 5.32 µM. Among all the compounds, 6f, 7h, 6j, 6h, 6g, 6c, 6k, 7g, and 7k exhibited exceptional inhibitory potency and were found to be several times more potent than the parent compounds 1 and 2, as well as standard acarbose. Kinetic studies of compounds 6g and 7h exhibited competitive and mixed types of inhibition, with ki values of 0.84 ± 0.007 and 1.18 ± 0.0012 µM, respectively. Molecular docking was carried out to investigate the binding modes of these compounds with α-glucosidase. The molecular docking interactions indicated that that all compounds are well fitted in the active site of α-glucosidase, where His280, Gln279, Asp215, His351, Arg442, and Arg315 mainly stabilize the binding of these compounds. The current study demonstrates the usefulness of incorporating a 1H-1,2,3-triazole moiety into the medicinally fascinating boswellic acids skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Tapan Kumar Mohanta
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Muhammad U. Anwar
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Satya Kumar Avula
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
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18
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Asmara AP, Prasansuklab A, Tencomnao T, Ung AT. Identification of Phytochemicals in Bioactive Extracts of Acacia saligna Growing in Australia. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36770694 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acacia saligna growing in Australia has not been fully investigated for its bioactive phytochemicals. Sequential polarity-based extraction was employed to provide four different extracts from individual parts of A. saligna. Bioactive extracts were determined using in vitro antioxidant and yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. Methanolic extracts from barks, leaves, and flowers are the most active and have no toxicity against 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Compound isolation of bioactive extracts provided us with ten compounds. Among them are two novel natural products; naringenin-7-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside 2 and (3S*,5S*)-3-hydroxy-5-(2-aminoethyl) dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one 9. D-(+)-pinitol 5a (from barks and flowers), (-)-pinitol 5b (exclusively from leaf), and 2,4-di-t-butylphenol 7 are known natural products and new to A. saligna. (-)-Epicatechin 6, quercitrin 4, and myricitrin 8 showed potent antioxidant activities consistently in DPPH and ABTS assays. (-)-Epicatechin 6 (IC50 = 63.58 μM),D-(+)-pinitol 5a (IC50 = 74.69 μM), and naringenin 1 (IC50 = 89.71 μM) are the strong inhibitors against the α-glucosidase enzyme. The presence of these compounds supports the activities exerted in our methanolic extracts. The presence of 2,4-di-t-butylphenol 7 may support the reported allelopathic and antifungal activities. The outcome of this study indicates the potential of Australian A. saligna as a rich source of bioactive compounds for drug discovery targeting type 2 diabetes.
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Firdaus JU, Siddiqui N, Alam O, Manaithiya A, Chandra K. Pyrazole scaffold-based derivatives: A glimpse of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, SAR, and route of synthesis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200421. [PMID: 36617511 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The α-glucosidase is a validated target to develop drugs for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. The existing α-glucosidase inhibitors have certain shortcomings related to side effects and route of synthesis. Accordingly, it is inevitable to develop new chemical templates as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Pyrazole derivatives have a special place in medicinal chemistry because of various biological activities. Recently, pyrazole-based heterocyclic compounds have emerged as a promising scaffold to develop α-glucosidase inhibitors. This study focuses on the recently reported pyrazole-based α-glucosidase inhibitors, including their biological activity (in vivo, in vitro, and in silico), structure-activity relationship, and ways of synthesis. The literature revealed the development of several promising pyrazole-based α-glucosidase inhibitors and new synthetic routes for their preparation. The encouraging α-glucosidase inhibitory results of the pyrazole-based heterocyclic compounds make them an attractive target for further research. The authors also foresee the arrival of the pyrazole-based α-glucosidase inhibitors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannat Ul Firdaus
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Manaithiya
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kailash Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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20
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Cai YS, Xie HX, Zhang JH, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang KM, Jiang CS. An Updated Overview of Synthetic α-glucosidase Inhibitors: Chemistry and Bioactivities. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:2488-2526. [PMID: 37818579 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266260682230921054652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical global health issue, affecting nearly half a billion people worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate and mortality. Type 2 diabetes is caused by the body's inability to effectively use insulin, and approximately 95% of patients have type 2 diabetes. α-glucosidase has emerged as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the past years, three α-glucosidase inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, namely acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol. However, the undesirable effects associated with these carbohydrate mimic-based α-glucosidase inhibitors have limited their clinical applications. Consequently, researchers have shifted their focus towards the development of non-carbohydrate mimic α-glucosidase inhibitors that can safely and effectively manage postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Herein, this article provides an overview of the synthetic α-glucosidase inhibitors, particularly those based on heterocycles, which have been reported from 2018 to 2022. This article aims to provide useful information for medicinal chemists in further developing clinically available anti-type 2 diabetes drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Si Cai
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hong-Xu Xie
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jin-He Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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21
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Gu S, Hu X, Shi L, Zhen X, Sun X, Huang M, Gu Y, Dong H. Choice of Glucose-Lowering Drugs as Initial Monotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Contraindications or Intolerance to Metformin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11. [PMID: 36498669 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are multiple glucose-lowering drugs available as alternative initial monotherapy for type 2 diabetes patients with contraindications or intolerance to metformin. However, little comparative and systematic data are available for them as initial monotherapy. This study estimated and compared the treatment effects of glucose-lowering drugs as initial monotherapy for type 2 diabetes. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Chongqing VIP, and WanFang Data from 1 January 1990 until 31 December 2020 were searched for randomized controlled trials which compared a glucose-lowering drug with placebo/lifestyle-intervention for type 2 diabetes. Drug classes included metformin, sulfonylureas (SUs), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), glinides (NIDEs), α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), insulins (INSs), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). RESULTS A total of 185 trials were included, identifying 38,376 patients from 56 countries across six continents. When choosing an initial drug monotherapy alternative to metformin, SUs were most efficacious in reducing HbA1c (-1.39%; 95% CI -1.63, -1.16) and FPG (-2.70 mmol/L; 95% CI -3.18, -2.23), but increased hypoglycemia risks (5.44; 95% CI 2.11, 14.02). GLP-1RAs were most efficacious in reducing BMI (-1.05 kg/m2; 95% CI -1.81, -0.29) and TC (-0.42 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.61, -0.22). TZDs were most efficacious in increasing HDL-C (0.12 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.07, 0.17). SGLT2is were most efficacious in lowering SBP (-4.18 mmHg; 95% CI -4.84, -3.53). While AGIs conferred higher risk of AE-induced discontinuations (2.57; 95% CI 1.64, 4.03). Overall, only GLP-1RAs showed an integrated beneficial effect on all outcomes. Our results also confirmed the intraclass differences in treatment effects across drugs. Most trials were short-term, and no significant differences in mortality, total vascular events, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or diabetic nephropathy were observed across drug classes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a potential treatment hierarchy for decision-makers, with GLP-1RAs being the preferred alternative therapy to metformin regarding their favorable efficacy and safety profiles.
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22
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Feng F, Xiang W, Gao H, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Zeng L, Chen J, Huang X, Xu L. Rapid Screening of Nonalkaloid α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from a Mulberry Twig Extract Using Enzyme-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:11958-11966. [PMID: 36107153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry twigs are an important source of α-glucosidase inhibitors. To date, research studies on α-glucosidase in mulberry twigs have mainly focused on alkaloids such as 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ). Preliminary studies have shown that there may be more active nonalkaloid α-glucosidase inhibitors in mulberry twigs. In this study, we immobilized α-glucosidase on Fe3O4@SiO2 for the first time and rapidly screened four nonalkaloid α-glucosidase inhibitors (kuwanon G, kuwanon C, kuwanon H, and morusin) using ligand fishing technology with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) from the mulberry twig extract of Jialing 20, the excellent artificial triploid variety of mulberry cultivated extensively in Southwest China. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of kuwanon H and kuwanon G were 2.82 ± 0.68 and 2.83 ± 0.31 μM, respectively, with better inhibition activity than that of DNJ (with an IC50 of 7.04 ± 0.82 μM). Meanwhile, the molecular docking results showed that the action sites of these two isopentenyl flavonoids on α-glucosidase were different from that of DNJ. In brief, this work is beneficial to discovering new α-glucosidase inhibitors from mulberry twigs quickly and accurately and provides a theoretical basis for the mulberry twig extract as a functional food or a natural hypoglycemic drug source, as well as a reference for directional breeding of mulberry, which greatly improves the exploitation and utilization value of mulberry twigs as an agricultural byproduct in the fields of agricultural production, functional food, and natural medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanshan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Han Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yanan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuansong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingshu Zeng
- Chongqing Sericulture Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400799, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Hainan Zhongsen Biological Technology Co., LTD, Haikou 570216, China
| | - Xianzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Fan J, Lv C, Li Z, Guo M, Yin Y, Wang H, Wang W, Sun S. α-Glucosidase inhibitory effect of an anthraquinonoid produced by Fusarium incarnatum GDZZ-G2. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1360-1370. [PMID: 35736630 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase is the key enzyme on carbohydrate metabolism, and its bioactive inhibitors are supposed to be an effective therapeutic for type 2 diabetes mellitus. During our continuing study for discovering α-glucosidase inhibitors, a fungus GDZZ-G2 which is derived from a medicinal plant Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun, exhibited significant inhibition on α-glucosidase. The strain was identified as Fusarium incarnatum by morphological and molecular methods. Further bioassay-guided fractionation result in six known secondary metabolites (1-6). All the compounds except 4 were isolated from F. incarnatum for the first time. Among them, an anthraquinonoid (S)-1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-(1-hydroxyethyl)anthracene-9,10-dione (compound 1) exhibited strong inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 77.67 ± 0.67 μΜ), compared with acarbose (IC50 = 711.8 ± 5 μΜ). An enzyme kinetics analysis revealed that compound 1 was an uncompetitive inhibitor. Besides, docking simulations predicted that compound 1 inhibited α-glucosidase substrate complex by binding Gln322, Gly306, Thr307, and Ser329 through hydrogen-bond interactions. Our findings suggested that compound 1 can be considered a lead compound for further modifications and the development of a new effective drug candidate in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Fan
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chaoyi Lv
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhizhou Li
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengru Guo
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yichen Yin
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Natural Medicine and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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24
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Li S, Wang R, Hu X, Li C, Wang L. Bio-affinity ultra-filtration combined with HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS for screening potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from Cerasus humilis (Bge.) Sok. leaf-tea and in silico analysis. Food Chem 2022; 373:131528. [PMID: 34774376 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerasus humilis(Bge.) Sok. leaf-tea (CLT) has a potential anti-α-glucosidase effect. However, its anti-α-glucosidase functional compositions remain unclear. Results showed that 70% methanol extract of CLT (IC50 = 36.57 μg/mL) with the highest total phenolic/flavonoid contents exhibited significantly higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (α-GIA) than acarbose (IC50 = 189.57 μg/mL). Additionally, phenolic constituents of the CLT extract were analyzed for the first time in this work. Ten major potential α-glucosidase inhibitors (α-GIs) with high bio-affinity degree in the CLT extract were recognized using a bio-affinity ultra-filtration and HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS method. In vitro α-GIA assay confirmed that myricetin (IC50 = 36.17 μg/mL), avicularin (IC50 = 69.84 μg/mL), quercitrin, isoquercitrin, prunin and guajavarin were responsible for the α-GIA of the CLT extract. More importantly, the interaction mechanism between α-GIs and α-glucosidase was investigated via in silico analysis. This study provides a high-throughput screening platform for identification of the potential α-GIs from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjie Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Congfa Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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25
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Djeujo FM, Francesconi V, Gonella M, Ragazzi E, Tonelli M, Froldi G. Anti-α-Glucosidase and Antiglycation Activities of α-Mangostin and New Xanthenone Derivatives: Enzymatic Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights through In Vitro Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:547. [PMID: 35056861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that promotes ROS formation, causing severe oxidative stress. Furthermore, prolonged hyperglycemia leads to glycation reactions with formation of AGEs that contribute to a chronic inflammatory state. This research aims to evaluate the inhibitory activity of α-mangostin and four synthetic xanthenone derivatives against glycation and oxidative processes and on α-glucosidase, an intestinal hydrolase that catalyzes the cleavage of oligosaccharides into glucose molecules, promoting the postprandial glycemic peak. Antiglycation activity was evaluated using the BSA assay, while antioxidant capacity was detected with the ORAC assay. The inhibition of α-glucosidase activity was studied with multispectroscopic methods along with inhibitory kinetic analysis. α-Mangostin and synthetic compounds at 25 µM reduced the production of AGEs, whereas the α-glucosidase activity was inhibited only by the natural compound. α-Mangostin decreased enzymatic activity in a concentration-dependent manner in the micromolar range by a reversible mixed-type antagonism. Circular dichroism revealed a rearrangement of the secondary structure of α-glucosidase with an increase in the contents of α-helix and random coils and a decrease in β-sheet and β-turn components. The data highlighted the anti-α-glucosidase activity of α-mangostin together with its protective effects on protein glycation and oxidation damage.
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26
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Yang XT, Li TZ, Geng CA, Liu P, Chen JJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of (20 S,24 R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol derivatives as α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2022; 31:350-367. [PMID: 35035203 PMCID: PMC8749348 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The dammarane triterpenoid (20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol obtained from Cyclocarya paliurus in our previous study showed inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase in vitro with an inhibitory ratio of 32.2% at the concentration of 200 μM. In order to reveal the structure-activity relationships (SARs) and get more active compounds, 42 derivatives of (20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol were synthesized by chemical modification on the hydroxyls (C-3 and C-12), rings A and E, and assayed for their α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activities. Two compounds (8, 26) increased activity against α-glucosidase, and four compounds (8, 15, 26, 42) significantly inhibited PTP1B. It was noted that compounds 8 and 26 could inhibit both α-glucosidase and PTP1B as dual-target inhibitors with IC50 values of 489.8, 467.7 μM (α-glucosidase) and 319.7, 269.1 μM (PTP1B). Compound 26 was revealed to be a mix-type inhibitor on α-glucosidase and a noncompetitive-type inhibitor on PTP1B based on enzyme kinetic study. Furthermore, compound 42 could selectively inhibited PTP1B as a mix-type inhibitor with IC50 value of 134.9 μM, which was 2.5-fold higher than the positive control, suramin sodium (IC50 339.0 μM), but not inhibit α-glucosidase. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
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27
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He FQ, Li YJ, Guo ZH, Chen J. -Glucosidase inhibitors screening from Cyclocarya paliurus based on spectrum-effect relationship and UPLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5313. [PMID: 34981537 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is an edible and medicinal plant exhibiting significant hypoglycemic effect. However, its active components are still unclear and need further elucidation. In this research, the active components of the leaves of C. paliurus responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were screened and identified based on spectrum-effect relationship study in combination with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The 70% ethanol eluate fraction of the leaves of C. paliurus with the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was obtained after extraction and purification with macroporous resin. Their chromatographic fingerprints (15 batches) were established by UPLC analysis and 32 common peaks were specified by similarity analysis. Their IC50 values for α-glucosidase inhibition were measured by an enzymatic reaction. Several multivariate statistical analysis methods including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, partial least square analysis and grey relational analysis were applied to explore the spectrum-effect relationship between common peaks and IC50 values, and the chromatographic peaks making great contribution to efficacy were screened out. To further elucidate the active components of leaves of C. paliurus, the 70% ethanol eluate fraction was characterized by UPLC-MS/MS analysis, and 10 compounds were identified. This study provided a valuable reference for further research and development of hypoglycemic active components of C. paliurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Qin He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Hui Guo
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, P. R. China.,State Drug Administration-Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Decoction Pieces, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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28
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de Armas-Ricard M, Quinán-Cárdenas F, Sanhueza H, Pérez-Vidal R, Mayorga-Lobos C, Ramírez-Rodríguez O. Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Seven Native Species Growing in the Forests of Southern Chilean Patagonia. Molecules 2021; 26:6722. [PMID: 34771130 PMCID: PMC8587661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Nothofagus is one of the most abundant in the subantarctic Patagonian forests. Five species inhabit these ecosystems, three evergreen (Nothofagus betuloides, Nothofagus dombeyi, and Nothofagus nitida) and two deciduous (Nothofagus pumilio and Nothofagus antarctica). This is the first report on the levels of secondary metabolites and the antioxidant capacity of Patagonian tree species growing in natural environments. The aim of this work was to carry out a phytochemical screening, to determine the antioxidant capacity, the sun protection factor, and the α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of foliar extracts of the five previous species. Besides, Aristotelia chilensis and Berberis microphylla, two species of Patagonian shrubs growing in the same forests, were used as reference. N. dombeyi was the Nothofagus with the best antioxidant capacity. B. microphylla differed from all studied species. Moreover, the Nothofagus was split into two groups. N. betuloides and N. dombeyi are the most similar species to A. chilensis. The α-glucosidase was completely inhibited by all studied extracts. Furthermore, N. antarctica, N.pumilio, and N. nitida inhibited about 70% of the tyrosinase activity. All the results found in this study for the species of the genus Nothofagus support further research on their potential beneficial properties for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merly de Armas-Ricard
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
- Campus Patagonia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Camino a Coyhaique Alto Km. 4, Coyhaique 5950000, Chile
| | - Francisco Quinán-Cárdenas
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Harold Sanhueza
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
| | - Rodrigo Pérez-Vidal
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
| | - Cristina Mayorga-Lobos
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Santiago 8380494, Chile
| | - Oney Ramírez-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Campus Lillo, University of Aysén. Eusebio Lillo 667, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile; (F.Q.-C.); (H.S.); (R.P.-V.); (C.M.-L.)
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Dong Q, Hu N, Yue H, Wang H, Ku J. Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from the bran of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. by surface plasmon resonance coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1181:122919. [PMID: 34500401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from the bran of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (QBE) were reported to be active in inhibiting α-glycosidase, a promising target for treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, the constituents responsible for the α-glucosidase-inhibiting activity of QBE have not been fully characterized. The present study aimed to set up a method for rapid identification of glycosidase inhibiting compounds from the quinoa bran. With surface plasmon resonance (SPR) coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we identified eight flavonoids and ten triterpenoid saponins that may bind to the α-glycosidase. Analysis of the interaction kinetics by molecular docking supported their α-glucosidase-inhibiting activity and revealed the potential mechanisms for the inhibitory effects. In summary, this study established a SPR and LC-MS-based method for rapid in vitro screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors and suggested the quinoa bran a potential natural source of α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Jinliang Ku
- Beijing Tongrentang Health Pharmaceutical (Qinghai) Co. Ltd, Qinghai 817000, China
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Nong NTP, Hsu JL. Characteristics of Food Protein-Derived Antidiabetic Bioactive Peptides: A Literature Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9508. [PMID: 34502417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a glucose metabolic disorder, is considered one of the biggest challenges associated with a complex complication of health crises in the modern lifestyle. Inhibition or reduction of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), alpha-glucosidase, and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) enzyme activities or expressions are notably considered as the promising therapeutic strategies for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Various food protein-derived antidiabetic bioactive peptides have been isolated and verified. This review provides an overview of the DPP-IV, PTP-1B, and α-glucosidase inhibitors, and updates on the methods for the discovery of DPP-IV inhibitory peptides released from food-protein hydrolysate. The finding of novel bioactive peptides involves studies about the strategy of separation fractionation, the identification of peptide sequences, and the evaluation of peptide characteristics in vitro, in silico, in situ, and in vivo. The potential of bioactive peptides suggests useful applications in the prevention and management of diabetes. Furthermore, evidence of clinical studies is necessary for the validation of these peptides’ efficiencies before commercial applications.
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Prasher P, Sharma M. Medicinal chemistry of anthranilic acid derivatives: A mini review. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:945-958. [PMID: 34117784 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anthranilic acid and its analogues present a privileged profile as pharmacophores for the rational development of pharmaceuticals deliberated for managing the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of various diseases. The substitution on anthranilic acid scaffold provides large compound libraries, which enable a comprehensive assessment of the structure activity relationship (SAR) analysis for the identification of hits and leads in a typical drug development paradigm. Besides, their widespread applications as anti-inflammatory fenamates, the amide and anilide derivatives of anthranilic acid analogues play a central role in the management of several metabolic disorders. In addition, these derivatives of anthranilic acid exhibit interesting antimicrobial, antiviral and insecticidal properties, whereas the derivatives based on anthranilic diamide scaffold present applications as P-glycoprotein inhibitors for managing the drug resistance in cancer cells. In addition, the anthranilic acid derivatives serve as the inducers of apoptosis, inhibitors of hedgehog signaling pathway, inhibitors of mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, and the inhibitors of aldo-keto reductase enzymes. The antiviral derivatives of anthranilic acid focus on the inhibition of hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase to manifest considerable antiviral properties. The anthranilic acid derivatives reportedly present neuroprotective applications by downregulating the key pathways responsible for the manifestation of neuropathological features and neurodegeneration. Nevertheless, the transition metal complexes of anthranilic acid derivatives offer therapeutic applications in diabetes mellitus, and obesity by regulating the activity of α-glucosidase. The present review demonstrates a critical analysis of the therapeutic profile of the key derivatives of anthranilic acid and its analogues for the rational development of pharmaceuticals and therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.,Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Alacid Y, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Mateo CR. Reusable Fluorescent Nanobiosensor Integrated in a Multiwell Plate for Screening and Quantification of Antidiabetic Drugs. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:25624-25634. [PMID: 34043318 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A highly stable and reusable fluorescent multisample nanobiosensor for the detection of α-glucosidase inhibitors has been developed by coupling fluorescent liposomal nanoparticles based on conjugated polymers (L-CPNs) to the enzyme α-glucosidase, one of the main target enzymes in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of sensing is based on the fluorescence "turn-on" of L-CPNs by p-nitrophenol (PNP), the end product of the enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside. L-CPNs, composed of lipid vesicles coated with a blue-emitting cationic polyfluorene, were designed and characterized to obtain a good response to PNP. Two nanobiosensor configurations were developed in this study. In the first step, a single-sample nanobiosensor composed of L-CPNs and α-glucosidase entrapped in a sol-gel glass was developed in order to characterize and optimize the device. In the second part, the nanobiosensor was integrated and adapted to a multiwell microplate and the possibility of reusing it and performing multiple measurements simultaneously with samples containing different α-glucosidase inhibitors was investigated. Using super-resolution confocal microscopy, L-CPNs could be visualized within the sol-gel matrix, and the quenching of their fluorescence, induced by the substrate, was directly observed in situ. The device was also shown to be useful not only as a platform for screening of antidiabetic drugs but also for quantifying their presence. The latter application was successfully tested with the currently available drug, acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Alacid
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - María José Martínez-Tomé
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
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He XF, Chen JJ, Li TZ, Hu J, Zhang XM, Geng CA. Diarylheptanoid-chalcone hybrids with PTP1B and α-glucosidase dual inhibition from Alpinia katsumadai. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104683. [PMID: 33545534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The EtOH extracts of the dried seeds of Alpinia katsumadai were revealed with hypoglycemic effects on db/db mice at the concentration of 200 mg/kg. In order to clarify the antidiabetic constituents, 16 new diarylheptanoid-chalcone hybrids, katsumadainols A1-A16 (1-16), together with 13 known analogues (17-29), were isolated from A. katsumadai under the guidance of bioassay. Most of the compounds showed α-glucosidase and PTP1B dual inhibition, among which compounds 1-3, 5-7, 11-14, 21-25, and 27 showed PTP1B/TCPTP selective inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 22.0 to 96.7 μM, which were 2-10 times more active than sodium orthovanadate (IC50, 215.7 μM). All compounds exhibited obvious inhibition against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 2.9-29.5 μM, indicating 6-59 times more active than acarbose (IC50, 170.9 μM). Study of enzyme kinetics indicated compounds 1, 3, and 12 were PTP1B and α-glucosidase mixed-type inhibitors with Ki values of 13.1, 12.9, 21.6 μM, and 4.9, 7.4, 3.4 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Nipun TS, Khatib A, Ibrahim Z, Ahmed QU, Redzwan IE, Saiman MZ, Supandi F, Primaharinastiti R, El-Seedi HR. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Psychotria malayana Jack Leaves Extract Using LC-MS-Based Multivariate Data Analysis and In-Silico Molecular Docking. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245885. [PMID: 33322801 PMCID: PMC7763559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotria malayana Jack has traditionally been used to treat diabetes. Despite its potential, the scientific proof in relation to this plant is still lacking. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitors in P.malayana leaf extracts using a metabolomics approach and to elucidate the ligand–protein interactions through in silico techniques. The plant leaves were extracted with methanol and water at five various ratios (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% v/v; water–methanol). Each extract was tested for α-glucosidase inhibition, followed by analysis using liquid chromatography tandem to mass spectrometry. The data were further subjected to multivariate data analysis by means of an orthogonal partial least square in order to correlate the chemical profile and the bioactivity. The loading plots revealed that the m/z signals correspond to the activity of α-glucosidase inhibitors, which led to the identification of three putative bioactive compounds, namely 5′-hydroxymethyl-1′-(1, 2, 3, 9-tetrahydro-pyrrolo (2, 1-b) quinazolin-1-yl)-heptan-1′-one (1), α-terpinyl-β-glucoside (2), and machaeridiol-A (3). Molecular docking of the identified inhibitors was performed using Auto Dock Vina software against the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase (Protein Data Bank code: 3A4A). Four hydrogen bonds were detected in the docked complex, involving several residues, namely ASP352, ARG213, ARG442, GLU277, GLN279, HIE280, and GLU411. Compound 1, 2, and 3 showed binding affinity values of −8.3, −7.6, and −10.0 kcal/mol, respectively, which indicate the good binding ability of the compounds towards the enzyme when compared to that of quercetin, a known α-glucosidase inhibitor. The three identified compounds that showed potential binding affinity towards the enzymatic protein in molecular docking interactions could be the bioactive compounds associated with the traditional use of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzina Sharmin Nipun
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia; (T.S.N.); (Z.I.); (Q.U.A.); (I.E.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia; (T.S.N.); (Z.I.); (Q.U.A.); (I.E.R.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60155, Indonesia;
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (M.Z.S.)
| | - Zalikha Ibrahim
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia; (T.S.N.); (Z.I.); (Q.U.A.); (I.E.R.)
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia; (T.S.N.); (Z.I.); (Q.U.A.); (I.E.R.)
| | - Irna Elina Redzwan
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia; (T.S.N.); (Z.I.); (Q.U.A.); (I.E.R.)
| | - Mohd Zuwairi Saiman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Center for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (M.Z.S.)
| | - Farahaniza Supandi
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | | | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Hossain U, Das AK, Ghosh S, Sil PC. An overview on the role of bioactive α-glucosidase inhibitors in ameliorating diabetic complications. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111738. [PMID: 32916220 PMCID: PMC7480666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently the use of bioactive α-glucosidase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes have been proven to be the most efficient remedy for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and its detrimental physiological complications, especially in type 2 diabetes. The carbohydrate hydrolysing enzyme, α-glucosidase, is generally competitively inhibited by the α-glucosidase inhibitors and results in the delayed glucose absorption in small intestine, ultimately controlling the postprandial hyperglycemia. Here we have reviewed the most recent updates in the bioactive α-glucosidase inhibitors category. This review provides an overview of the α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials and efficiency of controlling postprandial hyperglycemia of various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic compound, polysaccharide, betulinic acid, tannins, anthocyanins, steroids, polyol, polyphenols, galangin, procyanidins, hydroxyl-α-sanshool, hydroxyl-β-sanshool, erythritol, ganomycin, caffeoylquinic acid, resin glycosides, saponins, avicularin, oleanolic acids, urasolic acid, ethanolic extracts etc., from various dietary and non-dietary naturally occurring sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Parames C. Sil
- Corresponding author. Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Calcutta, 700054, West Bengal, India
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He XF, Chen JJ, Li TZ, Zhang XK, Guo YQ, Zhang XM, Hu J, Geng CA. Nineteen New Flavanol-Fatty Alcohol Hybrids with α-Glucosidase and PTP1B Dual Inhibition: One Unusual Type of Antidiabetic Constituent from Amomum tsao-ko. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:11434-11448. [PMID: 32965110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The dried fruits of Amomum tsao-ko were first revealed to have hypoglycemic effects on db/db mice at a concentration of 200 mg/kg. In order to clarify the antidiabetic constituents, 19 new flavanol-fatty alcohol hybrids, tsaokoflavanols A-S (1-19), were isolated and determined by extensive spectroscopic data and ECD calculations. Most of the compounds showed α-glucosidase and PTP1B dual inhibition, among which 1, 2, 6, 11, and 18 exhibited obvious activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 5.2-9.0 μM, 20-35 times stronger than that of acarbose (IC50, 180.0 μM); meanwhile, 6, 10-12, and 19 were PTP1B/TCPTP-selective inhibitors with IC50 values of 56.4-80.4 μM, 2-4 times stronger than that of suramin sodium (IC50, 200.5 μM). Enzyme kinetics study indicated that compounds 1, 2, 6, and 11 were α-glucosidase and PTP1B mixed-type inhibitors with Ki values of 13.0, 11.7, 2.9, and 5.3 μM and 142.3, 88.9, 39.2, and 40.8 μM, respectively. Docking simulations proved the importance of hemiacetal hydroxy, the orientation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl, and the length of alkyl in binding with α-glucosidase and PTP1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ke Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Guo
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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Li Z, Tu Z, Wang H, Zhang L. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Identification of Phytochemical Profiling by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2020; 25:E4507. [PMID: 33019644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceratophyllum demersum L. (CDL) is a traditional Chinese herb to treat many diseases, but research on its anti-diabetic activity is not available. In this research, the α-glucosidase inhibitory ability and phytochemical constituents of CDL extract were firstly studied. Optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology (RSM), which was confirmed as 70% methanol, liquid-to-solid ratio of 43 (mL/g), extraction time of 54 min, ultrasonic power of 350 W, and extraction temperature of 40 °C. The lowest IC50 value for α-glucosidase inhibition was 0.15 mg dried material/mL (mg DM/mL), which was much lower than that of acarbose (IC50 value of 0.64 mg DM/mL). In total, 80 compounds including 8 organic acids, 11 phenolic acids, 25 flavonoids, 21 fatty acids, and 15 others were identified or tentatively identified from CDL extract by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis. The results suggested that CDL could be a potential source of α-glucosidase inhibitors. It can also provide useful phytochemical information for research into other bioactivities.
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Ur Rehman N, Halim SA, Al-Azri M, Khan M, Khan A, Rafiq K, Al-Rawahi A, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A. Triterpenic Acids as Non-Competitive α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Boswellia elongata with Structure-Activity Relationship: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050751. [PMID: 32408614 PMCID: PMC7278020 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fourteen triterpene acids, viz., three tirucallane-type (1-3), eight ursane-type (4-11), two oleanane-type (12, 13) and one lupane type (21), along with boswellic aldehyde (14), α-amyrine (15), epi-amyrine (16), straight chain acid (17), sesquiterpene (19) and two cembrane-type diterpenes (18, 20) were isolated, first time, from the methanol extract of Boswellia elongata resin. Compound (1) was isolated for first time as a natural product, while the remaining compounds (2‒21) were reported for first time from B. elongata. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by advanced spectroscopic techniques including mass spectrometry and also by comparison with the reported literature. Eight compounds (1-5, 11, 19 and 20) were further screened for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Compounds 3-5 and 11 showed significant activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 9.9-56.8 μM. Compound 4 (IC50 = 9.9 ± 0.48 μM) demonstrated higher inhibition followed by 11 (IC50 = 14.9 ± 1.31 μM), 5 (IC50 = 20.9 ± 0.05 μM) and 3 (IC50 = 56.8 ± 1.30 μM), indicating that carboxylic acid play a key role in α-glucosidase inhibition. Kinetics studies on the active compounds 3-5 and 11 were carried out to investigate their mechanism (mode of inhibition and dissociation constants Ki). All compounds were found to be non-competitive inhibitors with Ki values in the range of 7.05 ± 0.17-51.15 ± 0.25 µM. Moreover, in silico docking was performed to search the allosteric hotspot for ligand binding which is targeted by our active compounds investigates the binding mode of active compounds and it was identified that compounds preferentially bind in the allosteric binding sites of α-glucosidase. The results obtained from docking study suggested that the carboxylic group is responsible for their biologic activities. Furthermore, the α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the active compounds is reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Mohammed Al-Azri
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Majid Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Kashif Rafiq
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; (N.U.R.); (S.A.H.); (M.A.-A.); (M.K.); (A.K.); (K.R.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +968-25446328
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Wongon M, Limpeanchob N. Inhibitory effect of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb and oxyresveratrol on α-glucosidase and sugar digestion in Caco-2 cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03458. [PMID: 32154416 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term diabetic complications are exacerbated by post-prandial hyperglycemia which could be ameliorated by α-glucosidase inhibitor including oxyresveratrol. Puag-Haad is an aqueous extract from Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. containing ~65% oxyresveratrol. Oxyresveratrol is an inhibitor of isolated yeast α-glucosidase enzyme but has not been tested on intact gut enterocytes where the enzyme is membrane-bound. Accordingly, differentiated Caco-2 cells that contain the native enzyme were used to test maltose hydrolysis in the present study. The results demonstrated that purified yeast α-glucosidase was non-competitively inhibited by oxyresveratrol (Ki 54.4 ± 0.7 μg/mL) and Puag-Haad (2.7 ± 0.1 μg/mL) compared to 153.8 ± 4.3 μg/mL acarbose, an anti-diabetic drug. In differentiated Caco-2 cells, both oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad inhibited maltose hydrolysis with lesser potency compared to acarbose. Thus, although weaker than acarbose, oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad do not inhibit pancreatic amylase which might be a therapeutic asset in preventing fermentation of unabsorbed carbohydrate causes abdominal bloating, flatulence, or diarrhea. Oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad may help control postprandial hyperglycemia with low risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
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Liu M, Huang X, Liu Q, Li X, Chen M, Zhu Y, Chen X. Separation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn using solvent and flow-rate gradient high-speed counter-current chromatography target-guided by ultrafiltration HPLC-MS screening. Phytochem Anal 2019; 30:661-668. [PMID: 31059189 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn is widely used as a herbal medicine to treat type 2 diabetes. However, detailed information about its active compounds is lacking. OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient method for the rapid screening and separation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn. METHODOLOGY Potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn were rapidly screened out through ultrafiltration high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and then followed by a target-guided high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) separation using two-phase solvent systems composed of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:10:1:10, v/v/v/v and 1:10:5:6, v/v/v/v), and adopting increasing flow-rate from 1.5 to 3.0 mL/min after 200 min. Their structures were identified by ultraviolet (UV), MS, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) and carbon-13 (13 C)-NMR, and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were assessed by in vitro assay. RESULTS Five α-glucosidase inhibitors including gallic acid (25.7 mg, 98.2%, 1), brevifolincarboxylic acid (9.86 mg, 95.3%, 2), ethyl evifolincarboxylate (13.26 mg, 97.6%, 3), 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (16.26 mg, 95.1%, 4), and 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (10.54 mg, 96.8%, 5) were successfully purified from 250 mg n-butanol extract in a single run. Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 5 exhibited stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activities[half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50 ) values at 173.41 ± 6.35, 323.46 ± 8.08, 44.63 ± 2.50, and 20.73 ± 2.56 μM, respectively] than acarbose (IC50 value at 332.12 ± 5.52 μM, reference compound). CONCLUSIONS Notably, compounds 2-5 were reported in the Potentilla kleiniana Wight et Arn for the first time. The results indicated that the proposed method could be applied for the rapid screening and preparative separation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from a complex matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhuo Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueqian Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xujie Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqiu Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang M, Wang H, Wang B, Ma Y, Huang H, Liu Y, Shao M, Yao B, Kang Z. Maltase Decorated by Chiral Carbon Dots with Inhibited Enzyme Activity for Glucose Level Control. Small 2019; 15:e1901512. [PMID: 31074585 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted increasing attention in disease therapy owing to their low toxicity and good biocompatibility. Their therapeutic effect strongly depends on the CDs structure (e.g., size or functional groups). However, the impact of CDs chirality on maltase and blood glucose level has not yet been fully emphasized and studied. Moreover, in previous reports, chiral CDs with targeted optical activity have to be synthesized from precursors of corresponding optical rotation, severely limiting chiral CDs design. Here, chiral CDs with optical rotation opposite to that of the precursor are facilely prepared through electrochemical polymerization. Interestingly, their chirality can be regulated by simply adjusting reaction time. At last, the resultant (+)-DCDs (700 µg mL-1 ) are employed to modify maltase in an effort to regulate the hydrolytic rate of maltose, showing an excellent inhibition ratio to maltase of 54.7%, significantly higher than that of (-)-LCDs (15.5%) in the same reaction conditions. The superior performance may be attributed to the preferable combination of DCDs with maltase. This study provides an electrochemical method to facilely regulate CDs chirality, and explore new applications of chiral CDs as antihyperglycemic therapy for controlling blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Huibo Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Mingwang Shao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Yao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Jurgoński A, Billing-Marczak K, Juśkiewicz J, Krotkiewski M. Formulation of a Mixture of Plant Extracts for Attenuating Postprandial Glycemia and Diet-Induced Disorders in Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203669. [PMID: 31614685 PMCID: PMC6832206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design a mixture consisting of plant-derived preparations containing inhibitors of carbohydrate digestion and/or glucose absorption that could lower postprandial glycemia and attenuate dietary-induced disorders. The following standardized preparations were tested: white mulberry leaf extract, green coffee bean extract, white kidney bean extract, pomelo fruit extract, bitter melon fruit extract, and purified l-arabinose. The study design was composed of oral sucrose and starch tolerance tests in Wistar rats preceded by a single ingestion of the preparations or their mixtures. Then, a 20 week-long experiment was conducted on rats that were fed a high-fat diet and supplemented with the most effective mixture. Based on the results of the oral sucrose and starch tolerance tests, the mulberry leaf extract, l-arabinose, kidney bean extract, and coffee bean extract were selected for composing three mixtures. The most effective inhibition of postprandial glycemia in the oral tolerance tests was observed after the ingestion of a mixture of mulberry leaf, kidney bean, and coffee bean extract. The glucose-lowering effect of the mixture and its effective dosage was confirmed in the feeding experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jurgoński
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | | | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Marcin Krotkiewski
- Department of Research and Development at MarMar Investment Company, 10-195 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Gothenburg University Hospital, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Li Z, Zhao L, Yu L, Yang J. Head-to-Head Comparison of the Hypoglycemic Efficacy and Safety Between Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:777. [PMID: 31354492 PMCID: PMC6635585 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are commonly prescribed in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but with a high incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. This study was aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and AGIs in T2DM patients in a meta-analysis. Methods: Randomized controlled trials were identified via systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library databases from inception to February, 2019. Meta-analyses were performed via a random or a fixed effect model according to the heterogeneity. Results: Eighteen studies with a total of 4,051 patients with T2DM were included. The DPP4 inhibitors were associated with lower reduction of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as compared with AGIs [weighed mean difference (WMD): −0.37%, p < 0.001]. Subgroup analyses indicated that the benefit of DPP4 inhibitors as compared with AGIs on HbA1c were independent of study design, scale, baseline HbA1c, with or without concurrent medications, or follow-up durations. Moreover, compared to AGIs, DPP4 inhibitors was associated with lower reductions of fasting blood glucose (WMD: −0.53 mmol/L, P < 0.001) and postprandial glucose at 2h (WMD: −0.60 mmol/L, P = 0.04), moderately increased body weight (WMD: 0.34 kg, P = 0.02), and decreased risk of gastrointestinal adverse events [risk ratio (RR): 0.48, P < 0.001], but unaffected risk of symptomatic hypoglycemia (RR: 0.96, P = 0.90). Conclusions: The DPP4 inhibitors are superior to AGIs in T2DM patients for better glycemic control and lower risks of gastrointestinal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Central Hospital of Tai'an City, Tai'an, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Central Hospital of Tai'an City, Tai'an, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Central Hospital of Tai'an City, Tai'an, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Central Hospital of Tai'an City, Tai'an, China
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Liu Z, Yang Y, Dong W, Liu Q, Wang R, Pang J, Xia X, Zhu X, Liu S, Shen Z, Xiao Z, Liu Y. Investigation on the Enzymatic Profile of Mulberry Alkaloids by Enzymatic Study and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2019; 24:E1776. [PMID: 31071910 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) have been an important category of oral antidiabetic drugs being widely exploited for the effective management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the marketed AGIs not only inhibited the disaccharidases, but also exhibited an excessive inhibitory effect on α-amylase, resulting in undesirable gastrointestinal side effects. Compared to these agents, Ramulus Mori alkaloids (SZ-A), was a group of effective alkaloids from natural Morus alba L., and showed excellent hypoglycemic effect and fewer side effects in the Phase II/III clinical trials. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the selective inhibitory effect and mechanism of SZ-A and its major active ingredients (1-DNJ, FA and DAB) on different α-glucosidases (α-amylase and disaccharidases) by using a combination of kinetic analysis and molecular docking approaches. From the results, SZ-A displayed a strong inhibitory effect on maltase and sucrase with an IC50 of 0.06 μg/mL and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively, which was similar to the positive control of acarbose with an IC50 of 0.07 μg/mL and 0.68 μg/mL. With regard to α-amylase, SZ-A exhibited no inhibitory activity at 100 μg/mL, while acarbose showed an obvious inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 1.74 μg/mL. The above analysis demonstrated that SZ-A could selectively inhibit disaccharidase to reduce hyperglycemia with a reversible competitive inhibition, which was primarily attributed to the three major active ingredients of SZ-A, especially 1-DNJ molecule. In the light of these findings, molecular docking study was utilized to analyze their inhibition mechanisms at molecular level. It pointed out that acarbose with a four-ring structure could perform desirable interactions with various α-glucosidases, while the three active ingredients of SZ-A, belonging to monocyclic compounds, had a high affinity to the active site of disaccharidases through forming a wide range of hydrogen bonds, whose affinity and consensus score with α-amylase was significantly lower than that of acarbose. Our study illustrates the selective inhibition mechanism of SZ-A on α-glucosidase for the first time, which is of great importance for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Ferhati X, Matassini C, Fabbrini MG, Goti A, Morrone A, Cardona F, Moreno-Vargas AJ, Paoli P. Dual targeting of PTP1B and glucosidases with new bifunctional iminosugar inhibitors to address type 2 diabetes. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:534-549. [PMID: 30928876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The diffusion of type 2 diabetes (T2D) throughout the world represents one of the most important health problems of this century. Patients suffering from this disease can currently be treated with numerous oral anti-hyperglycaemic drugs, but none is capable of reproducing the physiological action of insulin and, in several cases, they induce severe side effects. Developing new anti-diabetic drugs remains one of the most urgent challenges of the pharmaceutical industry. Multi-target drugs could offer new therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of T2D, and the reported data on type 2 diabetic mice models indicate that these drugs could be more effective and have fewer side effects than mono-target drugs. α-Glucosidases and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) are considered important targets for the treatment of T2D: the first digest oligo- and disaccharides in the gut, while the latter regulates the insulin-signaling pathway. With the aim of generating new drugs able to target both enzymes, we synthesized a series of bifunctional compounds bearing both a nitro aromatic group and an iminosugar moiety. The results of tests carried out both in vitro and in a cell-based model, show that these bifunctional compounds maintain activity on both target enzymes and, more importantly, show a good insulin-mimetic activity, increasing phosphorylation levels of Akt in the absence of insulin stimulation. These compounds could be used to develop a new generation of anti-hyperglycemic drugs useful for the treatment of patients affected by T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | - Camilla Matassini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Fabbrini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | - Andrea Goti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy; Associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Child Health. University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini n. 24, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardona
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy; Associated with Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale di ricerca in Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), Italy.
| | - Antonio J Moreno-Vargas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, n/Prof. García González 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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Kyriachenko Y, Falalyeyeva T, Korotkyi O, Molochek N, Kobyliak N. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and antidiabetic drug action. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:154-168. [PMID: 30891151 PMCID: PMC6422856 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i3.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disorder characterized by chronic inflated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), at first due to insulin resistance and unregulated insulin secretion but with tendency towards global spreading. The gut microbiota is recognized to have an influence on T2D, although surveys have not formed a clear overview to date. Because of the interactions between gut microbiota and host homeostasis, intestinal bacteria are believed to play a large role in various diseases, including metabolic syndrome, obesity and associated disease. In this review, we highlight the animal and human studies which have elucidated the roles of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ agonists, inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, sodium/glucose cotransporter inhibitors, and other less studied medications on gut microbiota. This review is dedicated to one of the most widespread diseases, T2D, and the currently used antidiabetic drugs and most promising new findings. In general, the gut microbiota has been shown to have an influence on host metabolism, food consumption, satiety, glucose homoeostasis, and weight gain. Altered intestinal microbiota composition has been noticed in cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, T2D, and obesity. Therefore, the main effect of antidiabetic drugs is on the microbiome composition, basically increasing the short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria, responsible for losing weight and suppressing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Kyriachenko
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Falalyeyeva
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Korotkyi
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Molochek
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
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Quan NV, Xuan TD, Tran HD, Thuy NTD, Trang LT, Huong CT, Andriana Y, Tuyen PT. Antioxidant, α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities and Potential Constituents of Canarium tramdenum Bark. Molecules 2019; 24:E605. [PMID: 30744084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruits of Canarium tramdenum are commonly used as foods and cooking ingredients in Vietnam, Laos, and the southeast region of China, whilst the leaves are traditionally used for treating diarrhea and rheumatism. This study was conducted to investigate the potential use of this plant bark as antioxidants, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. Five different extracts of C. tramdenum bark (TDB) consisting of the extract (TDBS) and factional extracts hexane (TDBH), ethyl acetate (TDBE), butanol (TDBB), and water (TDBW) were evaluated. The TDBS extract contained the highest amount of total phenolic (112.14 mg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight), while the TDBB extract had the most effective antioxidant capacity compared to other extracts. Its IC50 values were 12.33, 47.87, 33.25, and 103.74 µg/mL in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (ABTS), reducing power (RP), and nitric oxide (NO) assays, respectively. Meanwhile, the lipid peroxidation inhibition of the four above extracts was proximate to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a standard antioxidant. The result of porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibition showed that TDB extracts have promising effects which are in line with the commercial diabetic inhibitor acarbose. Interestingly, the inhibitory ability on α-glucosidase of all the extracts was higher than that of acarbose. Among the extracts, the TDBB extract expressed the strongest activity on the enzymatic reaction (IC50 = 18.93 µg/mL) followed by the TDBW extract (IC50 = 25.27 µg/mL), TDBS (IC50 = 28.17 µg/mL), and TDBE extract (IC50 = 141.37 µg/mL). The phytochemical constituents of the TDB extract were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The principal constituents included nine phenolics, eight terpenoids, two steroids, and five compounds belonging to other chemical classes, which were the first reported in this plant. Among them, the presence of α- and β-amyrins were identified by GC-MS and appeared as the most dominant constituents in TDB extracts (1.52 mg/g). The results of this study revealed that C. tramdenum bark possessed rich phenolics and terpenoids, which might confer on reducing risks from diabetes. A high quantity of α- and β-amyrins highlighted the potentials of anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-tumor, and hepatoprotective properties of C. tramdenum bark.
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Zhang S, Qiu B, Zhu J, Hu W, Ma F, Khan MZH, Liu X. Rapidly screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. peel based on rGO@Fe 3O 4 nanocomposites microreactor. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1335-1342. [PMID: 30231779 PMCID: PMC6147078 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1493472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study aimed to immobilise the α-glucosidase on suitable supports to construct enzymatic microreactors and their subsequent applicability in efficient inhibitor screening from the Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) peel. A type of lamellar and porous composites (rGO@Fe3O4) were synthesised with a facile one-step solvothermal method and employed as carriers to construct enzymatic microreactors for screening α-glucosidase ligand from the Chinese Yam peel in league with the high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The immobilisation amount of α-glucosidase on rGO@Fe3O4 under the optimised conditions was about 40 μg α-glucosidase/mg carriers. Furthermore, the binding capacities of screened inhibitors, 2,4-dimethoxy-6,7-dihydroxyphenanthrene and batatasin I, were 35.6 and 68.2%, respectively. Hence, considering their high screening efficiency and excellent magnetic separation ability, these as-prepared nanocomposite consisting of rGO and Fe3O4 may be potential supports for the enzyme (such as α-glucosidase) immobilisation for rapid α-glucosidase inhibitors screening from the diverse nature resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Beibei Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jinhua Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fanyi Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - M. Z. H. Khan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Xu Y, Wang C, Liu H, Zhu G, Fu P, Wang L, Zhu W. Meroterpenoids and Isocoumarinoids from a Myrothecium Fungus Associated with Apocynum Venetum. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16100363. [PMID: 30275406 PMCID: PMC6213923 DOI: 10.3390/md16100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new meroterpenoids 1⁻4 and four new isocoumarinoids 5⁻8, along with five known isocoumarinoids (9⁻13), were isolated from the fungus Myrothecium sp. OUCMDZ-2784 associated with the salt-resistant medicinal plant, Apocynum venetum (Apocynaceae). Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography, ECD spectra and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1⁻5, 7, 9 and 10 showed weak α-glucosidase inhibition with the IC50 values of 0.50, 0.66, 0.058, 0.20, 0.32, 0.036, 0.026 and 0.37 mM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China.
| | - Haishan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Guoliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Peng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Weiming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Murugesu S, Ibrahim Z, Ahmed QU, Nik Yusoff NI, Uzir BF, Perumal V, Abas F, Saari K, El-Seedi H, Khatib A. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Simulation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092402. [PMID: 30235889 PMCID: PMC6225325 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is an Acanthaceae herbal shrub traditionally consumed to treat various diseases including diabetes in Malaysia. This study was designed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of C. nutans leaves extracts, and to identify the metabolites responsible for the bioactivity. METHODS Crude extract obtained from the dried leaves using 80% methanolic solution was further partitioned using different polarity solvents. The resultant extracts were investigated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential followed by metabolites profiling using the gas chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Multivariate data analysis was developed by correlating the bioactivity, and GC-MS data generated a suitable partial least square (PLS) model resulting in 11 bioactive compounds, namely, palmitic acid, phytol, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), 1-monopalmitin, stigmast-5-ene, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, 1-linolenoylglycerol, glycerol monostearate, alpha-tocospiro B, and stigmasterol. In-silico study via molecular docking was carried out using the crystal structure Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase (PDB code: 3A4A). Interactions between the inhibitors and the protein were predicted involving residues, namely LYS156, THR310, PRO312, LEU313, GLU411, and ASN415 with hydrogen bond, while PHE314 and ARG315 with hydrophobic bonding. CONCLUSION The study provides informative data on the potential α-glucosidase inhibitors identified in C. nutans leaves, indicating the plant's therapeutic effect to manage hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganya Murugesu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
| | - Zalikha Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
| | - Qamar-Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
| | - Nik-Idris Nik Yusoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
| | - Bisha-Fathamah Uzir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
| | - Vikneswari Perumal
- Faculty Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Saari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Hesham El-Seedi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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