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Ding X, Ye J, Tang Y, Zhu F. Association between vaccination and days of hospitalization in adult patients with non-severe COVID-19. J Infect Dev Ctries 2024; 18:34-43. [PMID: 38377092 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.18255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To explore the association between vaccination status and the days of hospitalization in non-severe adult COVID-19 patients. METHODOLOGY We retrospectively analyzed the 368 non-severe adult COVID-19 patients which were divided into three groups according to their vaccination status. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to determine the correlation between vaccination and the days of hospitalization. A generalized additive model and hierarchical linear regression model were used for outcome analysis. RESULTS In the regression equation, the increase in the number of vaccine shots was significantly correlated with the decrease in the days of hospitalization (all p < 0.001). Particularly, the reduction of the days of hospitalization in patients with 3 injections of the vaccine was more significant than that of the 0-1 injection group (β: -2.810, -2.525, and -2.831; p < 0.001). Curve fitting showed that the relationship between the number of vaccination injections and the days of hospitalization was approximately linear, and the β value was -1.522 (95% CI: -2.091 - -0.954; p < 0.001). Among various laboratory indexes, only the monocyte ratio significantly affected the correlation between the number of vaccination injections and the days of hospitalization, indicating an interaction (p =0.027). The β values of the monocyte ratio in normal and elevated groups were -2.230 (95% CI: -3.048 - -1.412; p < 0.001) and -0.763 (95% CI: -1.520 - -0.005; p = 0.050), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In non-severe adult COVID-19 patients, there was a negative linear correlation between the vaccination status and the days of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Jiru Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Tuberculosis Department, Huai'an No. 4 People's Hospital, HuaiAn 223000, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital, Wuxi 214000, China
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Martínez-Borba V, Martínez-García L, Peris-Baquero Ó, Osma J, del Corral-Beamonte E. Guiding future research on psychological interventions in people with COVID-19 and post COVID syndrome and comorbid emotional disorders based on a systematic review. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1305463. [PMID: 38274511 PMCID: PMC10808326 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1305463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has been emotionally challenging for the entire population and especially for people who contracted the illness. This systematic review summarizes psychological interventions implemented in COVID-19 and long COVID-19 patients who presented comorbid emotional disorders. Methods and measures 3,839 articles were identified in 6 databases and 43 of them were included in this work. Two independent researchers selected the articles and assessed their quality. Results 2,359 adults were included in this review. Severity of COVID-19 symptoms ranged from asymptomatic to hospitalized patients; only 3 studies included long COVID-19 populations. Similar number of randomized controlled studies (n = 15) and case studies (n = 14) were found. Emotional disorders were anxiety and/or depressive symptoms (n = 39) and the psychological intervention most represented had a cognitive behavioral approach (n = 10). Length of psychological programs ranged from 1-5 sessions (n = 6) to 16 appointments (n = 2). Some programs were distributed on a daily (n = 4) or weekly basis (n = 2), but other proposed several sessions a week (n = 4). Short (5-10 min, n = 4) and long sessions (60-90 min, n = 3) are proposed. Most interventions were supported by the use of technologies (n = 18). Important risk of bias was present in several studies. Conclusion Promising results in the reduction of depressive, anxiety and related disorders have been found. However, important limitations in current psychological interventions were detected (i.e., duration, format, length, and efficacy of interventions were not consistently established across investigations). The results derived from our work may help to understand clinical practices in the context of pandemics and could guide future efforts to manage emotional suffering in COVID-19 patients. A stepped model of care could help to determine the dosage, length and format of delivery for each patient.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022367227. Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022367227.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Martínez-Borba
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-García
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Óscar Peris-Baquero
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Osma
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Sagherian K, Cho H, Steege LM. The insomnia, fatigue, and psychological well-being of hospital nurses 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic began: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:273-287. [PMID: 35869416 PMCID: PMC9349539 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown sleep problems, elevated fatigue, and high cases of burnout, as well as signs of post-traumatic stress and psychological distress among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many US hospitals attempted to minimise its impact on staff by providing basic resources, mental health services, and wellness programs. Therefore, it is critical to re-evaluate these well-being indices and guide future administrative efforts. PURPOSE To determine the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic after 18 months on hospital nurses' insomnia, fatigue, burnout, post-traumatic stress, and psychological distress. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Data were collected online mainly through state board and nursing association listservs between July-September 2021 (N = 2488). The survey had psychometrically tested instruments (Insomnia Severity Index, Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Patient Health Questionnaire-4) and sections on demographics, health, and work. The STrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist was followed for reporting. RESULTS Nurses had subthreshold insomnia, moderate-to-high chronic fatigue, high acute fatigue, and low-to-moderate intershift recovery. Regarding burnout, they experienced increased emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, and some depersonalisation. Nurses had mild psychological distress but scored high on post-traumatic stress. Nurses who frequently cared for patients with COVID-19 in the past months scored significantly worse in all measures than their co-workers. Factors such as nursing experience, shift length, and frequency of rest breaks were significantly related to all well-being indices. CONCLUSION Nurses' experiences were similar to findings from the early pandemic but with minor improvements in psychological distress. Nurses who frequently provided COVID-19 patient care, worked ≥12 h per shift, and skipped rest breaks scored worse on almost all well-being indices. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Administration can help nurses' recovery by providing psychological support, mental health services, and treatment options for insomnia, as well as re-structure current work schedules and ensure that rest breaks are taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knar Sagherian
- College of NursingThe University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Hyeonmi Cho
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Linsey M. Steege
- School of NursingUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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Ghaleh HEG, Izadi M, Javanbakht M, Ghanei M, Einollahi B, Jafari NJ, Alishiri G, Aslani J, Abolghasemi H, Simonetti V, Khafaei M, Zhao S, Saadat SH, Ahmadi M, Parvin S, Vazifedoust S, Alvanagh AG. Cytokine profile and antioxidants status in the moderate and severe COVID-19 patients: a trial of ozone therapy impact as a medicinal supplement. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3029-3036. [PMID: 37436523 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary ozone therapy has been identified as a revolutionary medical technique for a number of goals and ailments. At the present, it has been shown that ozone has medicinal qualities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is quickly spread over the globe. Cytokine storms and oxidative stress seem to play a substantial role in the most of acute attacks of the disease. The aim of this research was to assess the therapeutic advantages of complementary ozone therapy on the cytokine profile and antioxidant status in COVID-19 patients. METHODS The statistical sample of this study included two hundred patients with COVID-19. One hundred COVID-19 patients (treatment group) received 240 ml of the patient's blood and an equal volume of O2/O3 gas at a concentration of 35-50 μg/ml daily, which gradually increased in concentration, and were kept for 5-10 days and one hundred patients (control group) received standard treatment. The secretion levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 cytokines, SOD, CAT and GPx were compared between control patients (standard treatment) and standard treatment plus intervention (ozone) before and after treatment. RESULTS The findings indicated a significant decrease in the level of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β in group receiving complementary ozone therapy in compared with control group. Furthermore, a significant increase was found in the level of IL-10 cytokine. Moreover, SOD, CAT and GPx levels revealed a significant increase in complementary ozone therapy group compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that complementary ozone therapy can be used as a medicinal complementary therapy to reduce and control inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress status in patients with COVID-19 as revealed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Izadi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javanbakht
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Alishiri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Aslani
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolghasemi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vincenzo Simonetti
- Oxygen-Ozone Therapy Scientific Society, Gorle (BG), Italy
- Kaos Non-Profit Association, Caselle Torinese (TO), Italy
| | - Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shi Zhao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Parvin
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Vazifedoust
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lauri C, Campagna G, Glaudemans AWJM, Slart RHJA, van Leer B, Pillay J, Colandrea M, Grana CM, Stigliano A, Signore A. SARS-CoV-2 Affects Thyroid and Adrenal Glands: An 18F-FDG PET/CT Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2899. [PMID: 38001898 PMCID: PMC10669868 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since most endocrine glands express ACE-2 receptors and can be infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus, this retrospective multicentre observational study aims to assess the metabolic activity of thyroid and adrenal glands of COVID-19 patients by 18F-FDG PET/CT. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the 18F-FDG PET/CT scans of COVID-19 patients admitted by three different centres, either in a low-intensity department or in the intensive care unit (ICU). A visual assessment and a semi-quantitative evaluation of areas of interest in thyroid and adrenal glands were performed by recording SUVmax and SUVmean. The 18F-FDG PET/CT uptake in COVID-19 patients was compared with those observed in normal age-matched controls. RESULTS Between March 2020 and March 2022, 33 patients from three different centres (twenty-eight patients in a low-intensity department and five patients in ICU), were studied by 18F-FDG PET/CT during active illness. Seven of them were also studied after clinical remission (3-6 months after disease onset). Thirty-six normal subjects were used as age-matched controls. In the thyroid gland, no statistically significant differences were observed between control subjects and COVID-19 patients at diagnosis. However, at the follow-up PET/CT study, we found a statistically higher SUVmax and SUVmean (p = 0.009 and p = 0.004, respectively) in the thyroid of COVID-19 patients. In adrenal glands, we observed lower SUVmax and SUVmean in COVID-19 patients at baseline compared to control subjects (p < 0.0001) and this finding did not normalize after clinical recovery (p = 0.0018 for SUVmax and p = 0.002 for SUV mean). CONCLUSIONS In our series, we observed persistent low 18F-FDG uptake in adrenal glands of patients at diagnosis of COVID-19 and after recovery, suggesting a chronic hypofunction. By contrast, thyroid uptake was comparable to normal subjects at disease onset, but after recovery, a subgroup of patients showed an increased metabolism, thus possibly suggesting the onset of an inflammatory thyroiditis. Our results should alert clinicians to investigate the pituitary-adrenal axis and thyroid functionality at the time of infection and to monitor them after recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lauri
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Campagna
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.J.M.G.); (R.H.J.A.S.); (B.v.L.)
| | - Riemer H. J. A. Slart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.J.M.G.); (R.H.J.A.S.); (B.v.L.)
| | - Bram van Leer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.J.M.G.); (R.H.J.A.S.); (B.v.L.)
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Janesh Pillay
- Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Marzia Colandrea
- Nuclear Medicine Division, European Institute of Oncology—IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Chiara Maria Grana
- Nuclear Medicine Division, European Institute of Oncology—IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Antonio Stigliano
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Signore
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.S.)
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Birhanu MY, Jemberie SS. Mortality rate and predictors of COVID-19 inpatients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1213077. [PMID: 37928474 PMCID: PMC10624109 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1213077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an extremely rare virus that devastates the economy and claims human lives. Despite countries' urgent and tenacious public health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, the disease is killing a large number of people. The results of prior studies have not been used by policymakers and programmers due to the presence of conflicting results. As a result, this study was conducted to fill the knowledge gap and develop a research agenda. Objective This study aimed to assess the mortality rate and predictors of COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Ethiopia. Methods Electronic databases were searched to find articles that were conducted using a retrospective cohort study design and published in English up to 2022. The data were extracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and exported to StataTM version 17.0 for further analysis. The presence of heterogeneity was assessed and presented using a forest plot. The subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and publication bias were computed to identify the source of heterogeneity. The pool COVID-19 mortality rate and its predictors were calculated and identified using the random effects meta-analysis model, respectively. The significant predictors identified were reported using a relative risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Seven studies with 31,498 participants were included. The pooled mortality rate of COVID-19 was 9.13 (95% CI: 5.38, 12.88) per 1,000 person-days of mortality-free observation. Those study participants who had chronic kidney disease had 2.29 (95% CI: 1.14, 4.60) times higher chance of experiencing mortality than their corresponding counterparts, diabetics had 2.14 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.76), HIV patients had 2.98 (95% CI: 1.26, 7.03), hypertensive patients had 1.63 (95% CI: 1.43, 1.85), and smoker had 2.35 (95% CI: 1.48, 3.73). Conclusion COVID-19 mortality rate was high to tackle the epidemic of the disease in Ethiopia. COVID-19 patients with chronic renal disease, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and HIV were the significant predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia. COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases and comorbidities need special attention, close follow-up, and care from all stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molla Yigzaw Birhanu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Selamawit Shita Jemberie
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Elhag W, Elamin BK, Idris E, Elsheikh A, Ghaleb K, Fallatah I, Hassan D, Elkhalifa M, Moglad E, Eleragi A. Clinico-Epidemiological Laboratory Findings of COVID- 19 Positive Patients in a Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4845-4856. [PMID: 37520449 PMCID: PMC10386838 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s418629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding COVID-19's onset and clinical effects requires knowing host immune responses. Objective To investigate the presence of IgM, IgG, and cytokine levels (IL-2 and IL-6) in individuals with COVID-19 who have had their diagnosis confirmed by PCR. Methods This cross-sectional research included 70 adult ICU patients from King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Subjects gave two blood samples. After hospital release, only 21 patients provided the second sample. Each patient provided a sample upon admission. Quantitative ELISAs evaluated IL-2, IL-6, and SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Results All patients were critically ill and unvaccinated against COVID-19. 46 (65.7%) of the patients were male, and their age range was 33-98 years (with a mean age of 66.5); 24.3%) were 51-61 years old. IgG was positive in all patients, although IgM predominated in 57/70 (81.4%) (6-1200 IU/mL). Total data analysis yielded these results. IL-6 was calculated at 10-1900 ng/mL, whereas IL-2 was 4-280. Discharged hospital patients had a statistically significant increase in IgM and IgG (P = 0.01, 0.004) but a statistically insignificant decline in IL-6 and IL-2 (P = 0.761, 0.071). Low IgM levels increased hospital stays. The study found lengthier hospital stays with higher IgG levels. Conclusion The identification of IgM and IgG antibodies, greater IL-6 levels, and lower IL-2 levels can help diagnose and monitor COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Elhag
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Microbiology Unit), College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Bahaeldin K Elamin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Microbiology Unit), College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ebtehal Idris
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza Elsheikh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Microbiology Unit), College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Ghaleb
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal Fallatah
- Laboratory and ICU (Medical Department) King Abdullah Hospital-Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Hassan
- Laboratory and ICU (Medical Department) King Abdullah Hospital-Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Elkhalifa
- Laboratory and ICU (Medical Department) King Abdullah Hospital-Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Eleragi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Microbiology Unit), College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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Li H, Chen H, Ye Z, Li X, Yang L, Wang S, Yang S, Liu S, Chen S, Li R, Yang J, Li H, Bao Y, Shi Y, Wang J, He Y, Liu M. Effect of the Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Anxiety and Depression Status of COVID-19 Patients Treated in Fangcang Hospitals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2735-2745. [PMID: 37485280 PMCID: PMC10362863 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s414553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the focal point of epidemic prevention and control, the mental health of COVID-19 patients cannot be ignored. Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) allows for the provision of conveniently accessible, effective and low-cost interventions on a large scale. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of an online MBSR intervention in alleviating anxiety and depression among asymptomatic/mild patients limited by COVID-19-related restrictions. Methods Fifty-eight patients treated in Sanya Fangcang hospital were randomly allocated to either to the experimental group (n = 29) following daily, for 5 days, an online-based mindfulness intervention or to the control group (n = 29). Patients from both groups underwent online questionnaires including assessment of anxiety and depression status at pre- and post-tests using Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results After the online-based MBSR program, the anxiety and depression scores of the patients in the MBSR group decreased significantly in comparison to the scores of those in the control group (respectively η2 = 0.175, η2 = 0.215, p < 0.001). And the proportion of severe anxiety and depression patients in the MBSR group decreased to 0% which lower than the control group, and the proportion of light anxiety and depression patients was significantly more than that in the control group after the MBSR intervention. Conclusion The online-based MBSR intervention appears to be an effective way of alleviating anxiety and depression symptoms among COVID-19 patients with associated quarantine in Fangcang hospital. Given the seriousness of mental health threat that could be posed by this ongoing pandemic, our study provides a new idea and method for cost-effective and time-efficient interventions in the future of epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Healthcare Office of Medical Service Department, Hainan Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Ye
- Department of Medical Psychology of Hainan Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuehang Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Healthcare Office of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengshu Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shimin Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhan Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaihao Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Bao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueting Shi
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Shpakou A, Krajewska-Kułak E, Cybulski M, Sokołowska D, Andryszczyk M, Kleszczewska E, Loginovich Y, Owoc J, Tarasov A, Skoblina N, Kowalczuk K. Anxiety, Stress Perception, and Coping Strategies among Students with COVID-19 Exposure. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4404. [PMID: 37445438 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studying anxiety, stress, and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial to mitigate the negative effects associated with infection risk and disease consequences. Objective: This study aimed to investigate anxiety levels, stress perception, and coping strategies in relation to the presence of illness. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted anonymously among 3950 university students from Poland (1822), Lithuania (232), and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad (1896). Due to the nearly identical application of anti-epidemic measures, the respondents were treated as a unified group. The State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10), and mini-COPE scale questionnaires were used. Statistical analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test to check normality, the Mann-Whitney U test for comparative analysis between groups, the Pearson χ2 test for categorical data, and Spearman coefficients for correlations between variables. Results: A significant proportion of young adults in the community exhibited symptoms of anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the 1212 men and 2738 women surveyed, 348 (28.7%) and 1020 (37.3%) individuals, respectively, were diagnosed with COVID-19 according to clinical protocols. Prolonged disease duration and more severe residual symptoms correlated with higher self-reported anxiety levels. Conclusions: The level of anxiety and stress varied depending on the duration of the disease, significantly impacting the choice of coping strategies. Overall, students displayed a proactive approach to coping activities but tended to postpone important decisions. Seeking social support was a prevalent coping mechanism, although respondents who had COVID-19 showed higher levels of concern for their own emotions, a tendency to discharge emotions through alcohol or other substances (male), and a greater reliance on religion (female). The study provides data that may be useful in developing educational and health policies focused on the mental well-being of university students and potentially other social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Shpakou
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dorota Sokołowska
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Tourism, Eastern European University of Applied Sciences in Bialystok, 15-472 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Andryszczyk
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Ewa Kleszczewska
- Department of Health Care, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational College, 16-402 Suwałki, Poland
| | - Yelena Loginovich
- Department of Biology System and Genetic Research, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jakub Owoc
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrei Tarasov
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Natalia Skoblina
- Department of Hygiene, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Krystyna Kowalczuk
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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Sivapornnukul P, Chitcharoen S, Sawaswong V, Tachaboon S, Dinhuzen J, Srisawat N, Payungporn S. Comparison of circulating bacterial profiles between mild and severe COVID-19 patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:866-873. [PMID: 36946423 PMCID: PMC10034557 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231157931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports revealed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients can develop bacteremia; however, the circulating bacterial profile is not well studied. Therefore, this study has aimed to investigate circulating bacterial profile in mild (n = 15) and severe (n = 13) SARS-CoV-2-infected patients as well as healthy controls (n = 10), using 16S rDNA (V4) sequencing approach. The alpha diversity indexes and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix revealed that the bacterial profiles between the two conditions are significantly different. Correspondingly, the relative abundance indicates that the predominant bacterial phylum in both conditions was Proteobacteria. At genus level, the dominant bacterial genera in the mild patients belonged to Sphingomonas, Stenotrophomonas, and Achromobacter, while bacterial genera belonging to Enhydrobacter, Comamonas, and Acinetobacter were dominant in the severe patients. Furthermore, Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) Effect Size (LEfSe). revealed that Stenotrophomonas, Delftia, Achromobacter, and Neisseria were enriched in the mild condition, while Agrobacterium, Comamonas, Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Alkaliphilus, and Kocuria were enriched in the severe patients. These results revealed a distinct circulating bacterial profile in the mild and severe SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, which may provide an insight for further therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavaret Sivapornnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwalak Chitcharoen
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorthon Sawaswong
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sasipha Tachaboon
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Janejira Dinhuzen
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattachai Srisawat
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Critical Care Nephrology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Tropical Medicine Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, The CRISMA Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sunchai Payungporn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Beye SA, Diallo B, Keita M, Cissoko Y, Ouattara K, Dicko H, Shabani M, Sidibé A, Berthé M, Coulibaly YI, Diani N, Keita M, Toloba Y, Dao S, Suttels V, Coulibaly Y, Dessap AM. Assessment of lung injury severity using ultrasound in critically ill COVID-19 patients in resource limited settings. Ann Intensive Care 2023; 13:33. [PMID: 37103717 PMCID: PMC10134692 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-023-01133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ultrasound is a non-invasive tool available at the bedside for the assessment of critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of lung ultrasound in assessing the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in critically-ill patients in a low-income setting. METHODS We conducted a 12-month observational study in a university hospital intensive care unit (ICU) in Mali, on patients admitted for COVID-19 as diagnosed by a positive polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 and/or typical lung computed tomography scan findings. RESULTS The inclusion criteria was met by 156 patients with a median age of 59 years. Almost all patients (96%) had respiratory failure at admission and many needed respiratory support (121/156, 78%). The feasibility of lung ultrasound was very good, with 1802/1872 (96%) quadrants assessed. The reproducibility was good with an intra-class correlation coefficient of elementary patterns of 0.74 (95% CI 0.65, 0.82) and a coefficient of repeatability of lung ultrasound score < 3 for an overall score of 24. Confluent B lines were the most common lesions found in patients (155/156). The overall mean ultrasound score was 23 ± 5.4, and was significantly correlated with oxygen saturation (Pearson correlation coefficient of - 0.38, p < 0.001). More than half of the patients died (86/156, 55.1%). The factors associated with mortality, as shown by multivariable analysis, were: the patients' age; number of organ failures; therapeutic anticoagulation, and lung ultrasound score. CONCLUSION Lung ultrasound was feasible and contributed to characterize lung injury in critically-ill COVID-19 patients in a low income setting. Lung ultrasound score was associated with oxygenation impairment and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydina Alioune Beye
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali.
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
| | - Boubacar Diallo
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Modibo Keita
- Department of Public Health, Teaching Hospital (CHU) Dermatology, Bamako, Mali
| | - Yacouba Cissoko
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Diseases, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Khadidia Ouattara
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Pneumology, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hammadoun Dicko
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Majaliwa Shabani
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Amadou Sidibé
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Modibo Berthé
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Yaya Ibrahim Coulibaly
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Public Health, Teaching Hospital (CHU) Dermatology, Bamako, Mali
| | - Nouhoum Diani
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Mohamed Keita
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Yacouba Toloba
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Pneumology, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sounkalo Dao
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Diseases, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
| | - Veronique Suttels
- National Teaching Hospital for Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (CNHU-PPC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Youssouf Coulibaly
- Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Point G Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology (FMOS)/University of Sciences, Technics and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - Armand Mekontso Dessap
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, 94010, Créteil, France
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, CARMAS, 94010, Créteil, France
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010, Créteil, France
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12
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Şirin Gök M, Çiftçi B. Relationship between perceived social support and post-traumatic growth in coronavirus disease 2019 patients discharged from the hospital. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:171-181. [PMID: 37123100 PMCID: PMC10130958 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected mental health and physical health negatively in some individuals. Examining perceived social support and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in COVID-19 patients could facilitate our understanding of how patients maintain their mental health.
AIM To examine the relationship between the level of perceived social support and PTG in COVID-19 patients discharged from the hospital.
METHODS This descriptive study was carried out between August and September 2022 with patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 in a university hospital in Erzurum and who were discharged at least 3 mo prior to the beginning of the study. The study was completed by 196 patients. Study data were collected face-to-face using a personal information form, multidimensional scale of perceived social support and PTG inventory.
RESULTS The total mean score of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support was 63.82 ± 15.72. The PTG inventory total mean score was 47.77 ± 19.85. In addition, a direct significant correlation was found between perceived social support in COVID-19 patients and PTG.
CONCLUSION The study results showed that perceived social support variables affected PTG significantly. Therefore, it is recommended for healthcare professionals to implement interventions to promote social support from healthcare professionals and the patient’s family and friends. Considering the negative effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is very important and necessary to implement effective public health interventions to promote PTG to reduce mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Şirin Gök
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25000, Turkey
| | - Bahar Çiftçi
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25000, Turkey
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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13
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Deng Y, Xie L, Wang L, Chen Y. Psychoanalysis of COVID-19 Patient Narratives: A Descriptive Study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:medicina59040712. [PMID: 37109670 PMCID: PMC10145710 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: COVID-19 patients are a psychologically vulnerable patient group who suffer from both physical symptoms and psychological problems. The present study is a psychoanalytic investigation of COVID-19 patients utilizing Lacan's desire theory. We aimed to explore the manner in which patients' desire is presented in their lived experience narratives and sought to discover factors which directly impacted on this process. Materials and Methods: In-depth semi-structural interviews were conducted with 36 COVID-19 patients in China. During each interview, participants narrated their lived experiences of COVID-19 infection. Emotions, metaphors, and behaviors in patient narratives were collated as the main points for psychoanalysis. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the desire for being a healthy person made patients emotionally sensitive to the social environment. Anxiety and obsessive behaviors emerged in the process, which reveals their desire for that which they lack. Furthermore, public fear with respect to COVID-19 was somehow converted to psychological pressure on COVID-19 patients. Thus, these patients attempted to "de-identify" their identity as "patients". Positive responses of COVID-19 patients to the external world included admiring medical personnel, government, and country, while negative responses included interpersonal conflicts or complaints about discrimination. Following the rules of the Other, COVID-19 patients were influenced by the Other's desire in constructing their own image of a healthy person. Conclusions: This study revealed COVID-19 patients' psychological need to rid themselves of the identity of "patient" at the individual and social level. Our findings have clinical implications in helping COVID-19 patients to reshape their identity and to live a normal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Luxue Xie
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
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Marquès M, Iftimie S, Camps J, Joven J, Domingo JL. The concentrations of essential/toxic elements in serum of COVID-19 patients are not directly related to the severity of the disease. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127160. [PMID: 36996642 PMCID: PMC10044018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent months, the current COVID-19 pandemic has generated thousands of studies directly or indirectly related with this disease and/or the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing the infection. On August 22, 2022, the database PUBMED included 287,639 publications containing the term COVID-19. However, in spite of the importance of trace elements in human health, including the immune system, data on the levels of metals/metalloids in COVID-19 patients is very limited. METHODS The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb, Se, V and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 126 serum samples of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, as well as in 88 samples of non-infected individuals. Participants were divided into four groups: i) individuals COVID-19 positive (COVID-19 +) with an asymptomatic infection course; ii) individuals suffering mild COVID-19; iii) individuals suffering severe COVID-19, and iv) individuals COVID-19 negative (COVID-19-) (control group). The occurrence of the analyzed metals/metalloids was evaluated along with the biochemical profile, including blood cell counts, lipids, proteins and crucial enzymes. RESULTS Serum levels of Mg, V, Cr, Cu, Cd, and Pb were higher in COVID-19 positive patients than those in the control group. Although no significant differences were observed between the different groups of patients, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, V and Zn showed a tendency to be higher in individuals with severe COVID-19 than in those showing mild symptoms or being asymptomatic. Arsenic and Hg were rarely detected, regardless if the subjects were infected by SARS-CoV-2, or not. The current results did not show significant differences in the levels of the rest of analyzed elements according to the severity of the disease (asymptomatic, mild and severe). CONCLUSIONS In spite of the results here obtained, we highlight the need to reduce the exposure to Cd, Pb and V to minimize the potential adverse health outcomes after COVID-19 infection. On the other hand, although a protective role of essential elements was not found, Mg and Cu concentrations were higher in severe COVID-19 patients than in non-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montse Marquès
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain; Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology - TecnATox, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain
| | - Simona Iftimie
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain; Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology - TecnATox, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain.
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Goffe TK, Alemu ZA, Niguss Derese T, Bayou Tilahun Y, Bayou Tilahun R. Acute Kidney Injury Among Admitted COVID-19 Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2023; 16:83-92. [PMID: 36987532 PMCID: PMC10040157 DOI: 10.2147/ijnrd.s402946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although diffuse alveolar damage and respiratory failure are the most common symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019, other organ involvement, such as the kidney, has been reported. The incidence of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients has been reported to vary greatly. In this study, we look at the magnitude and risk factors for acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients in Ethiopia, a developing country. Methods A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted among admitted COVID-19 patients at Eka Kotebe general hospital and Saint Peter COVID-19 treatment center by reviewing data from September 2020 to September 2021. A random sampling technique with proportional size allocation was used to select a total sample of 402 patients (225 from Eka Kotebe and 177 from St. Peter). Secondary data was collected from patient medical records using a standard, pre-tested data collection checklist using the Kobo toolbox, which was then exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. The association between dependent and independent variables was analyzed using binary logistic regression. A statistical significance test was declared at a p value of <=0.05 with a 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 402 patient charts were reviewed, and the proportion of patients with acute kidney injury was found to be 18.9%. After adjusting for potential confounders, age<=35 years (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.07-0.72), female gender (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.28-0.94), and isolation type ICU (AOR = 5.11, 95% CI = 1.44-18.06) were significantly associated with acute kidney injury. Conclusion Acute kidney injury is a common complication in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of acute kidney injury in this study was 18.9%. Age, gender, and type of isolation were the factors that had a significant association with acute kidney injury. Clinicians and other concerned parties should provide more care to ICU patients and COVID-19 patients who are older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigist Kefyalew Goffe
- Department of Public Health, Gamby Medical and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Tigist Kefyalew Goffe, Tel +251960291564, Email
| | - Zewdie Aderaw Alemu
- Department of Public Health, Gamby Medical and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadios Niguss Derese
- Department of Research and Training, Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Bayou Tilahun
- General Practitioner at Health Hub Specialty Clinics by Al-Futtaim, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Robel Bayou Tilahun
- General Practitioner, Uniteam Medical Assistant, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Osei EA, Oti-Boadi E, Agyeman-Yeboah J, Hennor E, Ofosuwaa B, Agyeiwaa J, Elikplem R. Psychosocial experiences of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at a teaching hospital in Ghana. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221144859. [PMID: 36561148 PMCID: PMC9768531 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221144859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The number of people affected with COVID-19 keeps rising globally resulting in increasing fear and anxiety among patients and their families. However, literature on the psychosocial experiences of these patients with COVID-19 in Africa is limited. Hence, this research explored the psychosocial experiences of patients infected with COVID-19 and undergoing treatment. Methods The study employed a qualitative phenomenological approach. The sampling technique chosen for this study was purposive with a sample size of 34 determined by data saturation. Participants were selected from Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana, and were interviewed face-face using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Results Two main themes and seven sub-themes were generated from this study. The two themes included emotional burden of COVID-19 patients and effects of COVID-19 on patients and relatives. Sub-themes formulated under the emotional burden were reactions to COVID-19 diagnosis, suicidal thoughts, and sadness by fear of the unknown. Social restriction/isolation, stigmatization and disclosure, effect of COVID-19, and positive attitudes of staff emerged under the effect of COVID-19 on patients and relatives. Conclusion Even though the recovery rate of COVID-19 has improved since the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine, there is generally a global surge with respect to the incidence of the condition and an increasing number of patients on admission. Most interventions are targeted at the prevention of the disease than the effect of the psychosocial experience on the quality of life of the individuals affected which is equally essential. It is therefore recommended that current studies focus on improving the quality of life of those affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans Appiah Osei
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Valley View University, Oyibi, Ghana,Evans Appiah Osei, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Valley View University, Box DT 595, Oyibi 00233, Ghana.
| | - Ezekiel Oti-Boadi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Valley View University, Oyibi, Ghana
| | | | - Emilia Hennor
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Valley View University, Oyibi, Ghana
| | - Bertha Ofosuwaa
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Valley View University, Oyibi, Ghana
| | - Joyce Agyeiwaa
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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de Sousa GF, Nogueira TDS, de Sales LS, Ferreira Maissner F, Araújo de Oliveira O, Rangel HL, dos Santos DDG, Nunes-da-Fonseca R, de Souza-Menezes J, Nepomuceno-Silva JL, Mury FB, de Souza Gestinari R, Tanuri A, Ferreira Jr ODC, Monteiro-de-Barros C. The long-term dynamics of serum antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14547. [PMID: 36540807 PMCID: PMC9760025 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the long-term dynamics of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and understand the impact of age, gender, and viral load on patients' immunological response. Methods Serum samples were obtained from 231 COVID-19 positive patients from Macaé, in Rio de Janeiro state, in Brazil, from June 2020 until January 2021. The production of IgA, IgM, IgG, and IgE against S glycoprotein was analyzed using the S-UFRJ assay, taking into account the age, gender, and viral load. Results Analysis of antibody production over 7 months revealed that IgA positivity gradually decreased after the first month. Additionally, the highest percentage of IgM positivity occurred in the first month (97% of patients), and declined after this period, while IgG positivity remained homogeneous for all 7 months. The same analysis for IgE revealed that almost all samples were negative. The comparison of antibody production between genders showed no significant difference. Regarding the age factor and antibody production, patients aged ≥60 years produced almost twice more IgA than younger ones (17-39 years old). Finally, a relationship between viral load and antibody production was observed only for older patients. Conclusions Our work provides an overview of long-term production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, suggesting prolonged production of IgA and IgM antibodies for 3 months and continued IgG production for over 7 months. In addition, it identified a correlation between viral load and IgM titers in the older group and, finally, different IgA production between the age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Fonseca de Sousa
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thuany da Silva Nogueira
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lana Soares de Sales
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Maissner
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Odara Araújo de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hellade Lopes Rangel
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniele das Graças dos Santos
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nunes-da-Fonseca
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jackson de Souza-Menezes
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Luciano Nepomuceno-Silva
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia Borges Mury
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Souza Gestinari
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Orlando da Costa Ferreira Jr
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Monteiro-de-Barros
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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18
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Deng Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chen Y. The Road Less Traveled: How COVID-19 Patients Use Metaphors to Frame Their Lived Experiences. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192315979. [PMID: 36498049 PMCID: PMC9740225 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metaphor provides an important intellectual tool for communication about intense disease experiences. The present study aimed to investigate how COVID-19-infected persons metaphorically frame their lived experiences of COVID-19, and how the pandemic impacts on their mental health burden. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 patients afflicted with COVID-19. Metaphor analysis of patient narratives demonstrated that: (1) COVID-19 infection impacted patient conceptualization of themselves and the relationship between the "self" and the body, as well as social relationships. (2) Metaphors relating to physical experience, space and time, and integrative behaviors tended to be used by COVID-19 patients in a negative way, whereas war metaphors, family metaphors, temperature metaphors, and light metaphors were likely to express positive attitudes. (3) Patients preferred to employ conventional metaphors grounded on embodied sensorimotor experiences to conceptualize their extreme emotional experiences. This study has important implications with respect to the therapeutic function of metaphors in clinical communication between healthcare professionals and COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Jixue Yang
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
- Zengcheng Experimental School of Guangzhou Zhixin Middle School, Guangzhou 511300, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
- Correspondence:
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Essa S, Shamsah M, Alsarraf AH, Esmaeil A, Al-Shammasi A, Raghupathy R. Influence of SARS-COV-2 Infection on Cytokine Production by Mitogen-Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Neutrophils in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Patients. Microorganisms 2022; 10. [PMID: 36363785 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to investigate the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and neutrophils from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Neutrophils and PBMCs were separated and stimulated with the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. Culture supernatants of mitogen-stimulated PBMCs and neutrophils from 88 COVID-19 ICU patients and 88 healthy controls were evaluated for levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, -4, -5, -6, -9, -10, -12, -17A, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using anti-cytokine antibody MACSPlex capture beads. Cytokine profiles of PBMCs showed significantly lower levels of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α (p < 0.0001) in COVID-19 ICU patients. In contrast, COVID-19 ICU patients showed higher median levels of IL-2 (p < 0.001) and IL-5 (p < 0.01) by PBMCs. As for neutrophils, COVID-19 ICU patients showed significantly lower levels of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-12, TNF-α (p < 0.0001), and IFN-α (p < 0.01). T-helper (Th)1:Th2 cytokine ratios revealed lower inflammatory cytokine for PBMCs and neutrophils in COVID-19 ICU patients. Cytokine production profiles and Th1:Th2 cytokine ratios suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has an immunomodulatory effect on PBMCs and neutrophils. This study also suggests that the increased levels of several cytokines in the serum are not sourced from PBMCs and neutrophils.
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20
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Wang X, Fan Q, Li Y, Xiao J, Huang Y, Guo T, Chen H, Li M. The changes in psychological symptoms of COVID-19 patients after "re-positive". Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1010004. [PMID: 36299548 PMCID: PMC9589489 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have showed that individuals infected with COVID-19 were more likely to report psychological symptoms. However, little is known about the changes from testing positive to negative to positive again. Methods This survey was conducted through the questionnaires including the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), as well as the Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS) to explore the psychological status of COVID-19 and re-positive cases.″re-positive″ is defined as a positive RT-PCR test at any time during the recovery period after testing negative. Results A total of 94 COVID-19 patients presented the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and any of the three psychological symptoms being 26.6, 8.6, 12.8, and 31.9%, respectively. Among these, 32 cases were re-tested positive during the recovery period, with the prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and any of the three psychological symptoms being 21.9, 18.7, 31.2, and 37.5%, respectively. The psychological status after re-positive showed a significant decrease in anxiety (P = 0.023), an increase in depression, and a significant rise in insomnia (P = 0.035). For those with no psychological symptoms during initial-positive, after re-positive, 5.88% reported anxiety, 5.88% reported depression, and 11.76% reported insomnia. For those who experienced only anxiety symptoms during initial-positive, after re-positive, 33.3% reported depression, and 33.3% reported insomnia. Conclusions Our findings encompassed the urgent concern for anxiety in initial-positive COVID-19 patients, depression in re-positive COVID-19 patients, and insomnia in both initial and re-positive patients, hence enabling targeted interventions for appeasing the psychological burden of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Clinical Medical Experiment Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qinyi Fan
- The First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, China
| | - Yunyue Li
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junjian Xiao
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongguang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Peking University Sixth Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqian Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Gao Xin Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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21
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Chennapragada L, Sullivan SR, Hamerling-Potts KK, Tran H, Szeszko J, Wrobleski J, Mitchell EL, Walsh S, Goodman M. International PRISMA scoping review to understand mental health interventions for depression in COVID-19 patients. Psychiatry Res 2022; 316:114748. [PMID: 35944370 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary research indicates that the COVID-19 illness affects the mental well-being of patients. This scoping review, thus, aims to examine the current state of research into mental health treatments for depression symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Select databases were searched on 7/1/2021. Full-text articles involved (1) mental health treatment (2) suicide and/or depression outcomes, (3) a quasi-experimental research trial, and (4) a primary analysis. 11 articles were included in this review. The studies spanned 5 countries, and demonstrated immediate positive effects of mental health treatments and tele-health as a treatment modality for depression in COVID-19 patients. 6 studies were randomized controlled trials. Various treatments were administered, including cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness, and muscle relaxation. Most interventions were conducted in in-patient units and focused on acute symptoms. There were limitations in the design and description of methodology in many studies, which affects the generalizability and replicability of positive findings. Only two studies included a post-intervention follow-up and one study assessed suicide risk. Thus, this review found there is a pressing need for more research in the area, with greater rigor in study methodology, and for treatments targeting long-term symptoms and suicidality, and outpatient services.
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22
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Abdel-Qader DH, Al Meslamani AZ, Albassam A, Al Mazrouei N, El-Shara AA, El Sharu H, Ebaed SBM, Ibrahim OM. Assessment of A new Strategy to Prevent Prescribing Errors Involving COVID-19 Patients in Community Pharmacies. Hosp Pharm 2022; 57:654-665. [PMID: 36081535 PMCID: PMC9445540 DOI: 10.1177/00185787211073506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Because COVID-19 patients are vulnerable to prescribing errors (PEs) and adverse drug events, designing and implementing a new approach to prevent prescribing errors (PEs) involving COVID-19 patients has become a priority in pharmacotherapy research. Objectives: To investigate whether using WhatsApp to deliver prescribing error (PE)-related clinical scenarios to community pharmacists could enhance their ability to detect PEs and conduct successful pharmaceutical interventions (PIs). Methods: In this study, 110 community pharmacies were recruited from different regions across Jordan and equally allocated to 2 groups. Over the course of 4 weeks, WhatsApp was used to send PEs-related clinical case scenarios to the active group. The second group was controlled with no clinical scenarios. After completion of the 4-week phase, pharmacists from both groups were asked to document PEs in COVID-19 patients and their interventions using a data-collection form. Results: The incidence of PEs in COVID-19 patients documented in the active group (18.54%) was higher than that reported in the control group (3.09%) (P = .001). Of the 6598 and 968 PIs conducted by participants working in the active and control group pharmacies, 6013 (91.13%) and 651 (67.25%) were accepted, respectively. The proportions of wrong drug (contraindication), wrong drug (unnecessary drug prescribed/no proof of its benefits), and omission of a drug between the active and control groups were 15.30% versus 7.21% (P = .001), 11.85% versus 6.29% (P = .03), and 17.78% versus 10.50% (0.01), respectively. Additionally, the proportions of lethal, serious, and significant errors were 0.74% versus 0.35% (P = .04), 10.52% versus 2.57% (0.002), and 47.88% versus 9.57% (0.001), respectively. Addition of drug therapy interventions (AOR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.21-0.84) and errors with significant clinical seriousness (AOR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16-0.64). Conclusions PEs involving COVID-19 patients in community settings are common and clinically significant. The intervention assessed in this study could be promising for designing a feasible and time-efficient interventional tool to encourage pharmacists' involvement in identifying and correcting PEs in light of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Z. Al Meslamani
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Husam El Sharu
- Indiana University Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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23
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Zajenkowska A, Wiśniewska D, Leniarska M, Jasielska MD, Bodecka M, Zajenkowski MM, Kaźmierczak I, Klimiuk J, Niemczyk L, Niemczyk K, Pinkham AE. Predictors of depressive symptoms among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with respiratory problems. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 28:1288-1297. [PMID: 36082408 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2121970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 patients and survivors quite often experience depressive symptoms, which can increase risk for lower immune system response and poorer recovery. Vulnerability to depressive symptoms may be elevated in those patients who have the most severe COVID-19 course of illness, that is, patients who require supplementary oxygen therapy or even intubation. The current study involved a unique sample of patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 and who required respiratory support (N = 34, 10 women) in which we investigated depressive symptoms as well as psychopathological personality traits (PID5) as predictors. The majority of patients (76.5%) presented some degree of depressive symptoms. Although we expected severe levels of depressive symptoms to be most prevalent, more patients showed rather moderate levels. At the same time, Negative Affectivity was most predictive of depressive symptoms. We suggest that medical care for patients with greater emotional sensitivity and vulnerability to stress be supplemented with psychological support in order to address depressive symptoms and foster recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zajenkowska
- Maria Grzegorzewska University, Institute of Psychology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Marta Bodecka
- Maria Grzegorzewska University, Institute of Psychology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Joanna Klimiuk
- Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Longin Niemczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Niemczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amy E Pinkham
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, the University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Liu N, Shang Z, Pan X, Tao X, Xing C, Yan W, Bai Y, Yi B, Liu W. Delayed antiviral medical treatment increased PTSD development among COVID-19 hospitalized patients: Greater impact in males. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 75:103216. [PMID: 35870310 PMCID: PMC9287582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nianqi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiandong Tao
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; Department II of Infectious Disease, Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Chenqi Xing
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yonghai Bai
- Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; Department II of Infectious Disease, Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan 430100, China.
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Granell M, Sanchis N, Delgado C, Lozano M, Pinho M, Sandoval C, Romero CS, Aldecoa C, Cata JP, Neira J, De Andres J, Herreros-Pomares A, Navarro G, The Cov-Viaerea Network Study Group. Airway Management of Patients with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19: Survey Results from Physicians from 19 Countries in Latin America. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4731. [PMID: 36012970 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway management during the COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most challenging aspects of care that anesthesiologists and intensivists face. This study was conducted to evaluate the management of tracheal intubation in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. This is a cross-sectional and international multicenter study based on a 37-item questionnaire. The survey was available to physicians who had performed intubations and tracheostomies in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and had provided informed consent to participate. The primary outcome is the preference to use a specific device for tracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes are clinical practice variables, use of video laryngoscopes, difficult airway management, and safety features to prevent cross-infection. This study included 2411 physicians who performed an average of 11.90 and 20.67 tracheal intubations in patients diagnosed or suspected of having COVID-19 disease, respectively. Physicians were mainly from the specialties of Anesthesiology (61.2%) and Intensive Care (7.4%). COVID-19 infection diagnosed by positive PCR or serology in physicians participating in intubation in this study was 15.1%. Respondents considered preoxygenation for more than three minutes very useful (75.7%). The preferred device for tracheal intubation was the video laryngoscope (64.8%). However, the direct laryngoscope (57.9%) was the most commonly used, followed by the video laryngoscope (37.5%). The preferred device to facilitate intubation was the Eschmann guide (34.2%). Percutaneous tracheostomy was the preferred technique (39.5%) over the open tracheostomy (22%). The predicted or unpredicted difficult airway management in these patients was preferably performed with a video laryngoscope (61.7% or 63.7, respectively). Intubation was mostly performed by two or more expert airway physicians (61.6%). The use of personal protective equipment increased the practitioners’ discomfort during intubation maneuvers. The video laryngoscope is the preferred device for intubating patients with COVID-19, combined with the Eschmann guide, flexible stylet within the endotracheal tube, or Frova guide to facilitate intubation. The sub-analysis of the two groups of physicians by the level of intubation experience showed a higher use of the video laryngoscope (63.4%) in the experts group and no significant differences between the two groups in terms of cross-infection rates in physicians, in their preference for the use of the video laryngoscope or in the number of intubations performed in confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients.
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Cong W, Stuart B, AIhusein N, Liu B, Tang Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Manchundiya A, Lambert H. Antibiotic Use and Bacterial Infection in COVID-19 Patients in the Second Phase of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Scoping Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11080991. [PMID: 35892381 PMCID: PMC9331316 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11080991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to explore the prevalence and patterns of global antibiotic use and bacterial infection in COVID-19 patients from studies published between June 2020 and March 2021. This review was reported in line with the Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews, and the protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. Compared with our previously-published review of the period (December 2019-June 2020), the antibiotic prescribing rate for COVID-19 patients (June 2020-March 2021) was found to have declined overall (82.3% vs. 39.7%), for mild and moderate patients (75.1% vs. 15.5%), and for severe and critical patients (75.3% vs. 48.3%). The seven most frequently prescribed antibiotics in COVID-19 patients were all on the "Watch" list of the WHO AWaRe antibiotics classification. The overall reported bacterial infection rate in COVID-19 patients was 10.5%, and the most frequently reported resistant pathogen in COVID-19 patients was Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. There is an urgent need to establish comprehensive and consistent guidelines to assist clinicians in selecting appropriate antibiotics for COVID-19 patients when needed. The resistance data on the most frequently used antibiotics for COVID-19 patients for certain resistant pathogens should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Cong
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-117-455-6309
| | - Beth Stuart
- Centre for Evaluation and Methods, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, Yvonne Carter Building, 58 Turner Street, London E1 2AB, UK;
- Primary Care and Population Science, University of Southampton, Aldermoor Health Centre, Aldermoor Close, Southampton SO16 5ST, UK
| | - Nour AIhusein
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Binjuan Liu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Yunyi Tang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Hexing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200243, China; (H.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200243, China; (H.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Amit Manchundiya
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
| | - Helen Lambert
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (B.L.); (Y.T.); (A.M.); (H.L.)
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Savchenko AA, Tikhonova E, Kudryavtsev I, Kudlay D, Korsunsky I, Beleniuk V, Borisov A. TREC/KREC Levels and T and B Lymphocyte Subpopulations in COVID-19 Patients at Different Stages of the Disease. Viruses 2022; 14:646. [PMID: 35337053 DOI: 10.3390/v14030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: T and B cell-mediated immunity can be assessed using T cell receptor excision circle (TREC) and Kappa-deleting recombination excision circle (KREC) analysis, respectively, and successful implementation of this method requires evaluation of the correlation between the TREC frequencies and T cell subsets as well as KREC levels and B lymphocyte subsets. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the TREC/KREC concentrations and T/B lymphocyte subsets at different stages of COVID-19. Methods: We examined 33 patients in the acute stage of COVID-19 (including 8 patients with poor outcomes) and 33 COVID-19 survivors. TREC/KREC concentrations were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. T/B lymphocyte subsets were determined using flow cytometry. Results: Blood TREC and KREC levels were found to be significantly lower in the acute stage of COVID-19 compared to control values. Moreover, a zero blood TREC level was a predictor of a poor disease outcome. Reductions in CD3+CD4+CD45RO−CD62L− and CD3+CD8+CD45RO−CD62L− T cell counts (as well as in the main fractions of B1 and B2 B cells) indicated a favorable outcome in COVID-19 patients in the acute stage of the disease. Decreased CD3+CD4+CD45RO−CD62L+ and CD3+CD8+CD45RO−CD62L+ T cell frequencies and increased CD3+CD8+CD45RO−CD62L− cell counts were found to indicate a poor outcome in patients with acute COVID-19. These patients were also found to have increased B1 cell counts while demonstrating no changes in B2 cell counts. The levels of effector T cell subsets an naïve B cells were normal in COVID-19 survivors. The most pronounced correlations between TREC/KREC levels and T/B cell subsets counts were observed in COVID-19 survivors: there were positive correlations with naïve T and B lymphocytes and negative correlations with central and effector memory T cell subsets. Conclusions: The assessment of correlations between TREC and T cell subsets as well as KREC levels and B cell subset counts in patients with acute COVID-19 and COVID-19 survivors has shown that blood concentrations of TREC and KREC are sensitive indicators of the stage of antigen-independent differentiation of adaptive immunity cells. The results of the TREC and KREC analysis correlated with the stages of COVID-19 and differed depending on the outcome of COVID-19.
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Madueño JM, Sayer L. Facial ulcers in patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICU: review of the evidence. Br J Nurs 2022; 31:S22-S32. [PMID: 35220748 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2022.31.4.s22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care undergo prone positioning. These patients are at risk of developing facial pressure ulcers (PUs). This study aimed to identify evidence-based recommendations to prevent or reduce their incidence. METHOD A multi-case study was undertaken using secondary data published between November 2020 and April 2021 discussing facial PUs in patients with COVID-19. CINAHL and MEDLINE electronic databases were analysed. Sixteen publications met the inclusion criteria. The overall quality of evidence was low. RESULT Studies reported a high incidence of facial PUs. The evidence suggests key preventive areas are skin assessment, pressure-redistribution surfaces, eye coverings, education, medical devices and prophylactic dressings. Recommendations included skin cleaning and moisturising, eye coverings, replacing endotracheal tube holders and using hydrocolloid or film dressings. CONCLUSION Considering the severe implications for patients and healthcare systems caused by facial PUs, ICUs should develop strategies to prevent and minimise them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Moreno Madueño
- Registered Nurse, at time of writing studying MSc Nursing with Registration as an Adult Nurse, King's College London
| | - Lynn Sayer
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Adult Nursing, King's College London
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29
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Kwaghe VG, Habib ZG, Akor AA, Thairu Y, Bawa A, Adebayo FO, Kwaghe AV, Usman G, Idoko G, Oluseugun A, Ekele BA. Clinical characteristics and outcome of the first 200 patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease-2019 at a treatment center in Abuja, Nigeria: a retrospective study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 41:118. [PMID: 35465381 PMCID: PMC8994461 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.118.26594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION globally, the ravaging effect of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), pandemic is evident on public health and the global economy. We aimed at describing the clinical characteristic and management outcome of COVID-19 patients in Abuja, Nigeria. METHODS we conducted a retrospective study by reviewing the hospital charts of the first 200 COVID-19 patients admitted at the isolation center, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH), Gwagwalada. Extracted data includes; demographic data, clinical symptoms, underlying comorbidities, and clinical outcomes. The outcome of interest was either discharged or died. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. RESULTS the median age was 45 years (range 2-84 years). Majority of the patients were males (66.5%). The most affected age group was 50-59 years (21%). Children and adolescents were least affected; less than 10 years constituted 2.5% and 10-19 years constituted 4.5%. The commonest symptoms at presentation were fever (94%) and cough (92%). Ninety-four patients (47%) had underlying comorbidities; the commonest was hypertension (36%). Based on disease severity; 126 (63%) had mild disease, 22 (11%) had moderate disease and 52 (26%) had severe disease. The commonest complication was Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) seen in 29 (14.5%) patients. Out of the 200 cases managed, 189 (94.5%) were discharged in a stable condition while 11 (5.5%) died. Patients with under lying comorbidities had 9.6% death rate while those without comorbidities had 1.9% death rate. CONCLUSION among Nigerian patients', COVID-19 affects males more than females while children and adolescents were least affected. The study highlighted the clinical features of COVID-19 patients. The overall mortality rate is low among Nigerian patients compared to patients in the USA and Europe. This study shows that advanced age, presence of underlying comorbidities and disease severity is associated with the risk of dying from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Gga Kwaghe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria,,Corresponding author: Vivian Gga Kwaghe, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - Zaiyad Garba Habib
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Alexander Agada Akor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Yunusa Thairu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Bawa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Francis Olayemi Adebayo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ayi Vandi Kwaghe
- Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja,,Department of Veterinary and Pest Control Services, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Galadima Usman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Idoko
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Akintola Oluseugun
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Bissallah Ahmed Ekele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
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30
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Cengia MG, Di Falco A, Allegrini E, Ambrosi E, Brugnaro L, Zambon A, Saiani L, Grassetti L, Palese A. Occurrence and reasons for unfinished nursing care between COVID-19 and non- COVID-19 patients. Int Nurs Rev 2022; 69:420-431. [PMID: 35107837 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the occurrence and the reasons for unfinished care among coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and non-COVID-19 patients as perceived by nurses. BACKGROUND The recent pandemic has imposed tremendous changes in hospitals in all countries. INTRODUCTION Investigating the occurrence of and the reasons for unfinished care as perceived by nurses working in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units might help to gain insights and to address future pandemics. METHODS A comparative cross-sectional study based on the STROBE guideline has been conducted during November 2020-January 2021. The Unfinished Nursing Care Survey, comprising part A (elements) and part B (reasons), was administered online to all 479 nurses working in medical and surgical units converted progressively into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units. A total of 90 and 200 nurses participated, respectively. RESULTS No differences in the unfinished care occurrence have emerged at the overall level between nurses caring for COVID (2.10 out of 5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-2.27) and non-COVID-19 patients (2.16; 95% CI, 2.06-2.26). Reasons for unfinished care reported significant higher averages among nurses caring for COVID (2.21; 95% CI, 2.10-2.31) as compared with those caring for non-COVID-19 patients (2.07; 95% CI, 2.01-2.14; p = 0.030). DISCUSSION The overall occurrence of unfinished care was slightly higher compared with pre-pandemic data in all patients. CONCLUSIONS Reasons triggering unfinished care were slightly different and were due to priority setting and human resources issues, which were perceived at higher significance among nurses working in COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 units. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICIES A clear map of action has emerged that might be valid in the post-COVID-19 era as well as in the case of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Achille Di Falco
- AGENAS, Agenzia Nazionale per i Servizi Sanitari Regionali, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Ambrosi
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Verona University, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Luisa Saiani
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Verona University, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Grassetti
- Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alvisa Palese
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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31
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Qureshi SA, Rehman AU, Mir AA, Rafique M, Muhammad W. Simulated Annealing-Based Image Reconstruction for Patients With COVID-19 as a Model for Ultralow-Dose Computed Tomography. Front Physiol 2022; 12:737233. [PMID: 35095544 PMCID: PMC8795832 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.737233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The proposed algorithm of inverse problem of computed tomography (CT), using limited views, is based on stochastic techniques, namely simulated annealing (SA). The selection of an optimal cost function for SA-based image reconstruction is of prime importance. It can reduce annealing time, and also X-ray dose rate accompanying better image quality. In this paper, effectiveness of various cost functions, namely universal image quality index (UIQI), root-mean-squared error (RMSE), structural similarity index measure (SSIM), mean absolute error (MAE), relative squared error (RSE), relative absolute error (RAE), and root-mean-squared logarithmic error (RMSLE), has been critically analyzed and evaluated for ultralow-dose X-ray CT of patients with COVID-19. For sensitivity analysis of this ill-posed problem, the stochastically estimated images of lung phantom have been reconstructed. The cost function analysis in terms of computational and spatial complexity has been performed using image quality measures, namely peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), Euclidean error (EuE), and weighted peak signal-to-noise ratio (WPSNR). It has been generalized for cost functions that RMSLE exhibits WPSNR of 64.33 ± 3.98 dB and 63.41 ± 2.88 dB for 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 lung phantoms, respectively, and it has been applied for actual CT-based image reconstruction of patients with COVID-19. We successfully reconstructed chest CT images of patients with COVID-19 using RMSLE with eighteen projections, a 10-fold reduction in radiation dose exposure. This approach will be suitable for accurate diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 having less immunity and sensitive to radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Ul Rehman
- Agri & Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, PIEAS, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adil Aslam Mir
- Department of Computer Engineering, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, King Abdullah Campus Chatter Kalas, The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafique
- Department of Physics, King Abdullah Campus Chatter Kalas, The University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Wazir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
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Kang Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Tian L, Wu Q, Zheng M, Li Z. Alterations of fecal antibiotic resistome in COVID-19 patients after empirical antibiotic exposure. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 240:113882. [PMID: 34915282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic spread globally, the consumption of antibiotics increased. However, no studies exist evaluating the effect of antibiotics use on the antibiotic resistance of intestinal flora in COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. To explore this issue, we collected 15 metagenomic data of fecal samples from healthy controls (HCs) with no use history of antibiotics, 23 metagenomic data of fecal samples from COVID-19 patients who received empirical antibiotics [COVID-19 (abx+)], 18 metagenomic data of fecal samples from antibiotics-naïve COVID-19 patients [COVID-19 (abx-)], and six metagenomic data of fecal samples from patients with community-acquired pneumonia [PC (abx+)] from the Sequence Read Archive database. A total of 513 antibiotic-resistant gene (ARG) subtypes of 18 ARG types were found. Antibiotic treatment resulted in a significant increase in the abundance of ARGs in intestinal flora of COVID-19 patients and markedly altered the composition of ARG profiles. Grouped comparisons of pairs of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity values demonstrated that the dissimilarity of the HC versus the COVID-19 (abx+) group was significantly higher than the dissimilarity of the HC versus the COVID-19 (abx-) group. The mexF, mexD, OXA_209, major facilitator superfamily transporter, and EmrB_QacA family major facilitator transporter genes were the discriminative ARG subtypes for the COVID-19 (abx+) group. IS621, qacEdelta, transposase, and ISCR were significantly increased in COVID-19 (abx+) group; they greatly contributed toward explaining variation in the relative abundance of ARG types. Overall, our data provide important insights into the effect of antibiotics use on the antibiotic resistance of COVID-19 patients during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Halawi M, Al-Hazmi A, Aljuaid A, Allahyani M, Abdulaziz O, A Almalki A, Alqurni E, Althibity N, Kuriri H, Alosimi E, Alsiwiehri N, Almehmadi M. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Group A Streptococcus, CMV and HSV-1 in COVID-19 Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:1169-1174. [PMID: 34842389 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.1169.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> In recent years, respiratory tract viral infections have caused many pandemics that impact the whole world. To investigate the seropositivity of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, rubella, CMV, HSV-1 and group A <i>Streptococcus</i> in recovered COVID-19 patients and correlate these findings with vitamin D levels. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 417 COVID-19 patients with diarrhoea were enrolled in this study. Vitamin D and seroprevalence for <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, rubella, CMV, HSV-1 and group A <i>Streptococcus</i> were evaluated and correlated. <b>Results:</b> It was found that recent infection in COVID-19 patients with HSV-1, rubella, <i>Toxoplasma</i> and CMV, respectively. IgG was detected indicating the development of adaptive immunity with all microbes. <b>Conclusion:</b> Current study detected a correlation between vitamin D levels and HSV-1 and no correlation between this infection and vitamin D deficiency with the other microbes.
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Wang C, Wu Z, Liu B, Zhang P, Lu J, Li J, Zou P, Li T, Fu Y, Chen R, Zhang L, Fu Q, Li C. Track-etched membrane microplate and smartphone immunosensing for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113550. [PMID: 34391066 PMCID: PMC8349359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The level of neutralizing antibody (NAb) to SARS-CoV-2 could be used to evaluate the acquired protective immunity of COVID-19 patients or vaccinees. Here we develop a track-etched microporous membrane filtration microplate (TEM) and optical fibers transmitted immunosensing smartphone platform (TEMFIS) based surrogate virus neutralization test (TEMFIS-sVNT) for rapid one-step testing of NAb to SARS-CoV-2. Coefficient variation (CV) of intra-assay and inter-assay precisions of TEMFIS-sVNT varied below 9% or 14%, respectively. By agreement with pseudovirus neutralization test (pVNT) and ELISA-sVNT for testing of serum samples from 41 COVID-19 patients, 50 COVID-19 vaccinees and 320 healthy blood donors (P = 0.895), TEMFIS-sVNT detected the NAb positivity (sensitivity) in 92.68% COVID-19 patients and 76% vaccinees, but the NAb negativity (specificity) in 100% blood donors. In conclusion, TEMFIS-sVNT can be used for quantitatively point-of-care testing of neutralizing antibody to SARS-CoV-2 in blood samples from COVID-19 patients and vaccinees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bochao Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Bai Rui Kang (BRK) Biological Science and Technology Limited Company, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panli Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Lu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ruiai Chen
- Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chengyao Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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35
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Pataka A, Kotoulas S, Sakka E, Katsaounou P, Pappa S. Sleep Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Management. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1203. [PMID: 34834555 PMCID: PMC8618512 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to establish the prevalence of sleep dysfunction and psychological distress, identify predisposing and protective factors, and explore effective management strategies remains an important priority. Evidence to date suggests that a considerable proportion of COVID-19 patients experience significant sleep disturbances (estimated to afflict up to 50-75%) as well as psychological distress such as depression, anxiety, and traumatic stress. Duration of hospitalization, pre-existing mental health concerns, lower absolute lymphocyte count, and increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio have been all associated with a greater risk of sleep dysfunction in infected and hospitalized patients. Furthermore, in this review, we discuss the link between sleep deprivation, susceptibility to viral infections, and psychosocial wellbeing in relevance to COVID-19 and summarize the existing evidence regarding the presence and role of sleep apnea in infected individuals. Finally, we highlight the importance of suitable interventions in order to prevent and manage sleep dysfunction and avoid long-term physical and psychological implications. Future research should aim to provide high-quality information including in high risk, underserved, or difficult to reach populations and on the long-term consequences and effectiveness of applied interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Pataka
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Seraphim Kotoulas
- Respiratory Failure Unit, G Papanikolaou Hospital Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Elpitha Sakka
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4AT, UK;
| | - Paraskevi Katsaounou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First ICU, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofia Pappa
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; or
- West London NHS Trust, London UB2 4SD, UK
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Chu H, Peng L, Hu L, Zhu Y, Zhao J, Su H, Yao L, Zhu Q, Nie X, Yang L, Hou X. Liver Histopathological Analysis of 24 Postmortem Findings of Patients With COVID-19 in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:749318. [PMID: 34708059 PMCID: PMC8543004 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.749318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the pathologic investigation of liver injury was observed in a couple of cases in China, the detailed description of liver histopathologic and ultrastructural changes in a relatively larger series of liver tissues from COVID-19 patients is lacking. Samples from the liver were obtained from 24 COVID-19 cases from February 1 to April 1, 2020. Light microscopy showed that all liver sections had different degrees of liver injury manifested as swelling of the hepatocytes, hepatocellular necrosis, steatosis, lobular inflammation, portal inflammation, dilatation of sinusoids, and so on. SARS-CoV-2 induced liver injury might be independent of pre-existing Schistosoma infection or obstructive cholestasis. Patients combined with respiratory failure had more severe hepatocellular necrosis and male patients were more susceptible to liver injury. Although coronavirus particles or viral inclusions were not detected in the liver tissues for all cases, vacuolar degenerations in hepatocytes, edematous of mitochondria with the disruption of cristae, and expansions of the endoplasmic reticulum were observed. In conclusion, pathologic changes of liver tissues provide us a further understanding of liver injury in COVID-19 patients. Changes in the liver seem to be related to the underlying diseases/conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Peng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilin Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jinfang Zhao
- Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjing Zhu
- Liver and Infectious Diseases Department, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Pinto TG, Alpire MES, Ribeiro DA. Cytogenetic Biomonitoring in Buccal Mucosa Cells of COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Findings. In Vivo 2021; 35:3495-3499. [PMID: 34697187 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM COVID-19 may lead to progressive respiratory failure as a consequence of alveolar damage, resulting in death. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytogenetic damage in oral cells of COVID-19 patients by micronucleus assay. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 11 COVID-19 patients aged 40.7±9.3 years (5 men and 6 women) were included in this study. For the control group, a total of 15 participants not infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus were included. The mean age was 41.6±6.2 years (5 men and 10 women). RESULTS The results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in micronucleated buccal mucosa cells of COVID-19 patients. In addittion, a statistically significant increase in karyolysis and karrhyorexis (p<0.05) was observed in COVID-19 patients compared to control. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 virus can induce mutagenesis and cytotoxicity in oral cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Guedes Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Esther Suarez Alpire
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
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Siddiqui O, Ishaq H, Dincer I. Development and performance assessment of new solar and fuel cell-powered oxygen generators and ventilators for COVID-19 patients. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2021; 46:33053-33067. [PMID: 34518722 PMCID: PMC8426268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new solar-based fuel cell-powered oxygenation and ventilation system is presented for COVID-19 patients. Solar energy is utilized to operate the developed system through photovoltaic panels. The method of water splitting is utilized to generate the required oxygen through the operation of a proton exchange membrane water electrolyser. Moreover, the hydrogen produced during water splitting is utilized as fuel to operate the fuel cell system during low solar availability or the absence of solar irradiation. Transient simulations and thermodynamic analyses of the developed system are performed by accounting for the changes in solar radiation intensities during the year. The daily oxygen generation is found to vary between 170.4 kg/day and 614.2 kg/day during the year. Furthermore, the amount of daily hydrogen production varies between 21.3 kg/day and 76.8 kg/day. The peak oxygen generation rate attains a value of 18.6 g/s. Moreover, the water electrolysis subsystem entails daily exergy destruction in the range of 139.9-529.7 kWh. The maximum efficiencies of the developed system are found to be 14.3% energetically and 13.4% exergetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Siddiqui
- Clean Energy Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - H Ishaq
- Clean Energy Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - I Dincer
- Clean Energy Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
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Rosa L, Tripepi G, Naldi E, Aimati M, Santangeli S, Venditto F, Caldarelli M, Valenti P. Ambulatory COVID-19 Patients Treated with Lactoferrin as a Supplementary Antiviral Agent: A Preliminary Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4276. [PMID: 34575388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus causing COVID-19, exerts morbidity and mortality especially in elderly, obese individuals and those suffering from chronic conditions. In addition to the availability of vaccines and the limited efficacy of the first dose of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants, there is an urgent requirement for the discovery and development of supplementary antiviral agents. Lactoferrin (Lf), a pleiotropic cationic glycoprotein of innate immunity, has been proposed as a safe treatment combined with other therapies in COVID-19 patients. Here, we present a small retrospective study on asymptomatic, paucisymptomatic, and moderate symptomatic COVID-19 Lf-treated versus Lf-untreated patients. The time required to achieve SARS-CoV-2 RNA negativization in Lf-treated patients (n = 82) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared to that observed in Lf-untreated ones (n = 39) (15 versus 24 days). A link among reduction in symptoms, age, and Lf treatment was found. The Lf antiviral activity could be explained through the interaction with SARS-CoV-2 spike, the binding with heparan sulfate proteoglycans of cells, and the anti-inflammatory activity associated with the restoration of iron homeostasis disorders, which favor viral infection/replication. Lf could be an important supplementary treatment in counteracting SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it is also safe and well-tolerated by all treated patients.
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Hasan MZ, Islam S, Matsumoto K, Kawai T. Meta-analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data reveals phenotypic switching of immune cells in severe COVID-19 patients. Comput Biol Med 2021; 137:104792. [PMID: 34478921 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite several single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) studies, conclusions cannot be reached owing to the small number of available samples and the differences in technology and tissue types used in the studies. To better understand the cellular landscape and disease severity in COVID-19, we performed a meta-analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA-seq data from peripheral blood and lung samples of COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of severity. Patients with severe disease showed increased numbers of M1 macrophages in lung tissue, while the number of M2 macrophages was depleted. Cellular profiling of the peripheral blood showed a marked increase of CD14+, CD16+ monocytes and a concomitant depletion of overall B cells and CD4+, CD8+ T cells in severe patients when compared with moderate patients. Our analysis indicates the presence of faulty innate-to-adaptive switching, marked by a prolonged innate immune response and a dysregulated adaptive immune response in severe COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we identified cell types with a transcriptome signature that can be used as a prognostic biomarker for disease state prediction and the effective therapeutic management of COVID-19 patients.
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Hamama L, Levin-Dagan N. People who contracted COVID-19: the mediating role of shame and guilt in the link between threatening illness perception and mental health measures. Anxiety Stress Coping 2021; 35:72-85. [PMID: 34347556 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1964073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of a range of people, including healthcare workers, the general population, and COVID-19 patients. This study examined the psychological distress, negative affect, and positive affect of people who contracted COVID-19 in Israel, and their relation to threatening illness perception, guilt, and shame.Design: Cross-sectional design.Methods: Three hundred and fifty-one participants who had contracted COVID-19 completed self-report questionnaires assessing the study variables.Results: The results revealed a direct positive link between threatening COVID-19 illness perception and psychological distress and negative affect, and a negative link with positive affect. In addition, shame and guilt were significant mediators; namely, threatening COVID-19 illness perception was linked with negative affect via guilt, and with psychological distress, negative affect, and positive affect via shame.Conclusions: Illness perception, shame, and guilt may have a significant negative effect on the mental health of people who contracted COVID-19, and should be acknowledged and addressed by professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Hamama
- School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naama Levin-Dagan
- School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Israel.,Tel Aviv. Sourasky Medical Center, Israel
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Lauzi S, Stranieri A, Giordano A, Lelli D, Elia G, Desario C, Ratti G, Decaro N, Paltrinieri S. Do Dogs and Cats Passively Carry SARS-CoV-2 on Hair and Pads? Viruses 2021; 13:1357. [PMID: 34372563 PMCID: PMC8310179 DOI: 10.3390/v13071357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological role of domestic animals in the spread and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to humans has been investigated in recent reports, but some aspects need to be further clarified. To date, only in rare cases have dogs and cats living with COVID-19 patients been found to harbour SARS-CoV-2, with no evidence of pet-to-human transmission. The aim of the present study was to verify whether dogs and cats act as passive mechanical carriers of SARS-CoV-2 when they live in close contact with COVID-19 patients. Cutaneous and interdigital swabs collected from 48 dogs and 15 cats owned by COVID-19 patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by qRT-PCR. The time elapsed between owner swab positivity and sample collection from pets ranged from 1 to 72 days, with a median time of 23 days for dogs and 39 days for cats. All samples tested negative, suggesting that pets do not passively carry SARS-CoV-2 on their hair and pads, and thus they likely do not play an important role in the virus transmission to humans. This data may contribute to confirming that the direct contact with the hair and pads of pets does not represent a route for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lauzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.); (G.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Angelica Stranieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.); (G.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessia Giordano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.); (G.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Davide Lelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Elia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.E.); (C.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Costantina Desario
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.E.); (C.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Gabriele Ratti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.); (G.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.E.); (C.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Saverio Paltrinieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.); (G.R.); (S.P.)
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Mahmood M, Ilyas NUA, Khan MF, Hasrat MN, Richwagen N. Transmission frequency of COVID-19 through pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in AJK: a report of 201 cases. Virol J 2021; 18:138. [PMID: 34217301 PMCID: PMC8254450 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01609-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophic global phenomenon, affecting human life in a way unseen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Effective management of this threat requires halting transmission, a strategy requiring accurate knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns. METHODS This was a retrospective contact study aiming to estimate the transmission rate of COVID-19 by tracing contacts in symptomatic, pre-symptomatic, and asymptomatic patients. History of patients' contacts during 24 h before appearance of symptoms or infection confirmation was traced for disease transmission. RESULTS Overall, a total of 201 COVID-19 patients had contact with 7168 people in 24 h with an average of 35.66 contacts per patient, ranging from a minimum of 4 to maximum of 87 contacts (meetings). Out of 7168 persons met, infection was detected in 64 (0.89%). For the 155 symptomatic patients, a total of 5611 contacted persons were traced before appearance of symptoms (pre-symptomatic) in last 24 h with an average of 36.20 meetings per patient. The infection was transmitted in 63 (1.12%) people with 5548 (98.88%) remaining uninfected. Out of the 63 transmissions, 62 (98.4%) were traced within 6 h before symptom onset, while only 1 was identified in the 6-12 h timeframe before symptoms. A total of 1557 persons were traced having meeting/contacts with asymptomatic cases in last 24 h before infection confirmation. Out of these 1557 persons, only 1 was found to be infected and the infection rate was calculated to be 0.06%. Statistically, the transmission rate by pre-symptomatic patients was found to be significantly higher than the transmission rate by asymptomatic individuals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In the studied population, the risk of pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19 was low, with transmission risks of 1.12% and 0.06% respectively. Pre-symptomatic infection becomes very rare in contacts made longer than 6 h before onset of symptoms. The infection transmission is traced as long as about 9 h before the appearance of clear symptoms in the patients, but the incidence rate was as low as about 0.02% of the total contacts in that period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan.
| | - Noor-Ul-Ain Ilyas
- Department of Zoology, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
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Cong W, Poudel AN, Alhusein N, Wang H, Yao G, Lambert H. Antimicrobial Use in COVID-19 Patients in the First Phase of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Scoping Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10060745. [PMID: 34205440 PMCID: PMC8235357 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This scoping review provides new evidence on the prevalence and patterns of global antimicrobial use in the treatment of COVID-19 patients; identifies the most commonly used antibiotics and clinical scenarios associated with antibiotic prescribing in the first phase of the pandemic; and explores the impact of documented antibiotic prescribing on treatment outcomes in COVID-19 patients. The review complies with PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews and the protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. In the first six months of the pandemic, there was a similar mean antibiotic prescribing rate between patients with severe or critical illness (75.4%) and patients with mild or moderate illness (75.1%). The proportion of patients prescribed antibiotics without clinical justification was 51.5% vs. 41.9% for patients with mild or moderate illness and those with severe or critical illness. Comparison of patients who were provided antibiotics with a clinical justification with those who were given antibiotics without clinical justification showed lower mortality rates (9.5% vs. 13.1%), higher discharge rates (80.9% vs. 69.3%), and shorter length of hospital stay (9.3 days vs. 12.2 days). In the first 6 months of the pandemic, antibiotics were prescribed for COVID-19 patients regardless of severity of illness. A large proportion of antibiotic prescribing for mild and moderate COVID-19 patients did not have clinical evidence of a bacterial co-infection. Antibiotics may not be beneficial to COVID-19 patients without clinical evidence of a bacterial co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Cong
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0117-3314528
| | - Ak Narayan Poudel
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.N.P.); (G.Y.)
| | - Nour Alhusein
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (H.L.)
| | - Hexing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Guiqing Yao
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.N.P.); (G.Y.)
| | - Helen Lambert
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK; (N.A.); (H.L.)
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Liang Y, Kou S, Li X, Ke Z, Zou R, Pan Y, Yuan J. Geographic Differences on Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 Infection Between Overseas Chinese and Local Chinese Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2269-2277. [PMID: 34168467 PMCID: PMC8216746 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s307238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic with sharp rises in the number of confirmed cases and rapid spread across the world. Here, we looked at the effects of geographic differences on clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Methods A total of 114 confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in this study. The epidemiological, demographic, clinical, as well as laboratory findings were extracted from the electronic medical records of these patients. Results We report the observation that patients from overseas residents diagnosed with COVID-19 were mildly symptomatic with cough and presented with lower inflammatory response and attenuated virus clearance rate, as well as correspondingly prolonged days of hospital stay than local Chinese patients. Moreover, the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, performed to provide a measure of the difference between two groups, showed that serum albumin had the highest area under the curve value (0.81, p < 0.001). Discussion Our results suggested that blood albumin level acted as a predictive value in distinguishing clinical features between local and overseas Chinese. This work underscores the need to identify distinguishably prognostic factors of geographical dissimilarity in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liang
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanglong Kou
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Ke
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zou
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchao Pan
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Alimoradi Z, Broström A, Tsang HW, Griffiths MD, Haghayegh S, Ohayon MM, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its' association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 36:100916. [PMID: 34131640 PMCID: PMC8192091 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emerging novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the leading cause of deaths worldwide in 2020. The present systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological distress. METHODS Five academic databases (Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase) were searched. Observational studies including case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were included if relevant data relationships were reported (i.e., sleep assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or Insomnia Severity Index). All the studies were English, peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 and February 2021. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020181644. FINDINGS 168 cross-sectional, four case-control, and five longitudinal design papers comprising 345,270 participants from 39 countries were identified. The corrected pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems were 31% among healthcare professionals, 18% among the general population, and 57% among COVID-19 patients (all p-values < 0.05). Sleep problems were associated with depression among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's Z scores of -0.28, -0.30, and -0.36, respectively. Sleep problems were positively (and moderately) associated with anxiety among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's z scores of 0.55, 0.48, and 0.49, respectively. INTERPRETATION Sleep problems appear to have been common during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, sleep problems were found to be associated with higher levels of psychological distress. With the use of effective programs treating sleep problems, psychological distress may be reduced. Vice versa, the use of effective programs treating psychological distress, sleep problems may be reduced. FUNDING The present study received no funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hector W.H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shahab Haghayegh
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maurice M. Ohayon
- Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center (SSERC), School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Abstract
Thousands of studies have been conducted in order to understand in depth the characteristics of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, its infectivity and ways of transmission, and very especially everything related to the clinical and severity of the COVID-19, as well as the potential treatments. In this sense, the role that essential and toxic metals/metalloids have in the development and course of this disease is being studied. Metals/metalloids such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury or vanadium, are elements with known toxic effects in mammals, while trace elements such as cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc are considered essential. Given the importance of metals/metalloids in nutrition and human health, the present review was aimed at assessing the relationship between various essential and toxic metals/metalloids and the health outcomes related with the COVID-19. We are in the position to conclude that particular attention must be paid to the load/levels of essential trace elements in COVID-19 patients, mainly zinc and selenium. On the other hand, the exposure to air pollutants in general, and toxic metal/metalloids in particular, should be avoided as much as possible to reduce the possibilities of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorens 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Montse Marquès
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorens 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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Teresa Valenzuela M, Urquidi C, Rodriguez N, Castillo L, Fernández J, Ramírez E. Development of neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4334-4341. [PMID: 33713457 PMCID: PMC8250623 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are new global problems. The understanding of the host immune response in COVID‐19 and its implications in the development of therapeutic agents are new challenges. Here, we evaluated the development of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing (Nt) antibodies in symptomatic hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. We followed up 117 COVID‐19 confirmed patients from a reference health center for COVID‐19 during the epidemic in Santiago de Chile. One and two sequential blood samples from 117 to 68 cases were, respectively, obtained to evaluate the immune response. Immunofluorescence and neutralization assays in Vero E6 cells with a Chilean SARS‐CoV‐2 strain were performed. Out of the 68 patients, 44% were women and 56% men, and the most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (47.7%) and diabetes (27.4%). The most frequent symptoms or signs related to COVID‐19 were dyspnea, cough, fever, myalgia, and headache. In all the study population, 76.1% and 60.7% of patients were positive for IgG and Nt antibodies in the first blood sample. All patients except one were positive for IgG and Nt antibodies in the second sample. IgG and Nt antibodies positivity increased significantly according to the disease evolution periods. Higher Nt antibody titers were observed in the first sample in patients under 60 years of age. Obese and diabetic patients had no increase in Nt antibodies, unlike normal weight and diabetes‐free patients. Both hypertensive and normotensive patients showed a significant increase in Nt antibodies. These results show an early and robust immune response against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during severe COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Valenzuela
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cinthya Urquidi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Rodriguez
- Centro de Pacientes Críticos, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, San Miguel, Chile
| | - Luis Castillo
- Centro de Pacientes Críticos, Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, San Miguel, Chile
| | - Jorge Fernández
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos y SubDepto. Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Ñuñoa, Chile
| | - Eugenio Ramírez
- Sección Virus Oncogénicos y SubDepto. Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Ñuñoa, Chile
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Rossi Ferrario S, Panzeri A, Cerutti P, Sacco D. The Psychological Experience and Intervention in Post-Acute COVID-19 Inpatients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:413-422. [PMID: 33603379 PMCID: PMC7884934 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s283558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 patients faced first-hand the life-threatening consequences of the disease, oftentimes involving prolonged hospitalization in isolation from family and friends. This study aimed at describing the psychological intervention to address the psychological difficulties and issues encountered by the hospitalized post-acute COVID-19 patients in a rehabilitation setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients' demographics, medical diagnosis, and neuro-psychological information were collected from March 2nd to May 12th, 2020. The main psychological issues and intervention strategies were collected. RESULTS A total of 181 patients were hospitalized during this period. Among them, the 47.5% underwent psychological assessment (N=86; age: 74.58±13.39; 54.7% females). The most common psychological issues were acute stress disorders (18.6%), anxious and demoralization symptoms (26.7%), depression (10.5%%), and troublesome grief (8.1%). Once recovered from COVID-19, many patients were discharged home (38.4%), some received further rehabilitation in non-COVID-19 wards (41.9%), mostly due to pre-existent diseases (72.2%) rather than to COVID-19 complications (27.8%). CONCLUSION A great number of the hospitalized post-acute COVID-19 patients showed psychological issues requiring psychological intervention, the most common were anxiety, demoralization, acute stress, depression, and grief. The proposed psychological treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients was conducted in a Cognitive Behavioral framework. In particular, during the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological intervention is an important part of rehabilitation in the post-acute phase of the illness to reduce distress symptoms and improve psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rossi Ferrario
- Psychology and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Veruno, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Anna Panzeri
- Psychology and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Veruno, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Cerutti
- Psychology and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Veruno, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Daniela Sacco
- Psychology and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Veruno, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
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50
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Cheng MY, Hsih WH, Ho MW, Lai YC, Liao WC, Chen CY, Chen TC, Lee YL, Liu PY, Kao CC, Chou CH, Lin PC, Chi CY, Leong LY, Tai CJ, Lu MC. Younger adults with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 exhibited more prevalent olfactory dysfunction in Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2021; 54:794-800. [PMID: 33610511 PMCID: PMC7869675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly transmitted from person to person, causing global pandemic since December 2019. Instantly detecting COVID-19 is crucial for epidemic prevention. In this study, olfactory dysfunction is a significant symptom in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients but relatively rare in other respiratory viral infections. The Taiwan smell identification test (TWSIT) is a speedy and inexpensive option for accurately distinguishing anosmia that also quantifies the degree of anosmia. Using TWSIT in the outpatient clinic for early identifying the patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 can be promising. Methods Nineteen patients confirmed COVID-19 in central Taiwan were collected and divided into two groups: olfactory dysfunction and non-olfactory dysfunction. Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and the results of the olfactory test were compared between these two groups. Findings Thirteen (68.4%) of the 19 patients had olfactory dysfunction. The patients with olfactory dysfunction were younger than those without this symptom. The statistical difference in age distribution was significant between these two groups (IQR: 25.5–35.5 vs. IQR: 32.5–60.3; p-value: 0.012). There was no significant difference in gender, smoking history, comorbidities, travel history, respiratory tract infection symptoms, and laboratory findings between these two groups. Conclusion This study demonstrated that young adults were prone to develop olfactory dysfunctions. In the flu season, olfactory dysfunction is considered a specific screening criterion for early detecting COVID-19 in the community. TWSIT can serve as a decent test for quantifying and qualifying olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Hsin Hsih
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Mao-Wang Ho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chyi Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chia Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chuan Kao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Tungs' Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huei Chou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chang Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ying Leong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jaan Tai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Chi Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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