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Richardson SC, Gunn LH, Phipps M, Azasu E. Factors Associated with Suicide Risk Behavior Outcomes Among Black High School Adolescents. J Community Health 2024; 49:466-474. [PMID: 38095815 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for youth suicide research, particularly among Black adolescents, for whom there have been significant increases over time. This study examines associations between eight covariates and suicide ideation, planning, and attempts among a national sample of Black high school adolescents to inform prevention efforts. Utilizing the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey data, a sample of N = 6225 Black high school participants was analyzed. A weighted classification tree and network analysis were used to visualize data features, and weighted multinomial ordered logistic regression analyses with multiple imputation pooled using Rubin's rules were performed. Suicide ideation rates of 16% were found in the sample and a higher reported rate of suicide attempts (56%) for those who have reported both ideation and planning. Interpersonal and multilevel factors, including suffering from bullying/cyberbullying, carrying a weapon, or being a sexual minority, were significantly associated with all three suicide behaviors. Findings support an interrelated and multilevel nature of suicide risk factors. Prevention programs for Black adolescents should consider the intersectionality of identities and experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyia C Richardson
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Laura H Gunn
- Department of Public Health Sciences and School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Margaret Phipps
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Enoch Azasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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2
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Salazar-Méndez J, Cuyul-Vásquez I, Ponce-Fuentes F, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Núñez-Cortés R, Huysmans E, Lluch-Girbés E, Viscay-Sanhueza N, Fuentes J. Pain neuroscience education for patients with chronic pain: A scoping review from teaching-learning strategies, educational level, and cultural perspective. Patient Educ Couns 2024; 123:108201. [PMID: 38387389 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (1) To identify the characteristics of PNE programs in terms of teaching-learning strategies, session modality, content delivery format, number of sessions, total minutes and instructional support material used in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, (2) to describe PNE adaptations for patients with different educational levels or cultural backgrounds, and (3) to describe the influence of the patient's educational level or cultural background on the effects of PNE. METHODS The PRISMA guideline for scoping reviews was followed. Nine databases were systematically searched up to July 8, 2023. Articles that examined clinical or psychosocial variables in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain who received PNE were included. RESULTS Seventy-one articles were included. Studies found benefits of PNE through passive/active teaching-learning strategies with group/individual sessions. However, PNE programs presented great heterogeneity and adaptations to PNE were poorly reported. Most studies did not consider educational level and culture in the effects of PNE. CONCLUSIONS Despite the large number of studies on PNE and increased interest in this intervention, the educational level and culture are poorly reported in the studies. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS It is recommended to use passive and/or active teaching-learning strategies provided in individual and/or group formats considering the patient's educational level and culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Cuyul-Vásquez
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Chile; Facultad de las Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Felipe Ponce-Fuentes
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Mayor, Temuco, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Chile; Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Departament of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eva Huysmans
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy,Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1090, Belgium; Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels 1090, Belgium; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Enrique Lluch-Girbés
- Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy,Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1090, Belgium
| | | | - Jorge Fuentes
- Clinical Research Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, Catholic University of Maule, Chile; Faculty of Rehab Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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3
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Kleszynski K, Jervis L, TallBull G, Porter O, Bair BD, Shore JH, Manson SM, Kaufman CE. Tribal Perspectives on Patient Navigation for Rural Native Veterans Using Veteran Health Administration Services. J Community Health 2024; 49:475-484. [PMID: 38103115 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
American Indian and Alaska Native (Native) Veterans enrolled in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) benefits program are far less likely to access health care compared to other racial/ethnic groups, in part driven by challenges posed by often distant, complex, and culturally unresponsive health care that does not easily interface with the Indian Health Service (IHS) and local Tribal Health Care. To address this disparity, in 2020 the Veteran's Health Administration's (VHA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) initiated the development of a patient navigation program designed specifically for rural Native Veterans. There are no navigation programs for rural Native Veterans to guide development of such a program. Hence, the project team sought perspectives from rural Native Veterans, their families, and community advocates, (n = 34), via video and phone interviews about the role and functions of a Veteran patient navigator and personal characteristics best be suited for such a position. Participants believed a navigator program would be useful in assisting rural Native Veterans to access VHA care. They emphasized the importance of empathy, support, knowledge of local culture, and of Veteran experience within tribal communities, adeptness with VHA systems, and personnel consistency. These insights are critical to create a program capable of increasing rural Native Veteran access to VHA services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Kleszynski
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Byron D Bair
- Veterans Rural Health Resources Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jay H Shore
- Veterans Rural Health Resources Center, Salt Lake City, UT and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Spero M Manson
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carol E Kaufman
- Veterans Rural Health Resources Center, Salt Lake City, UT and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
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4
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Forstner P, Laireiter CM, Friedl S, Steinmetz I, Dichtl K. Bacitracin agar vs. oleandomycin disk supplemented chocolate agar for the recovery of Haemophilus influenzae in diagnostic samples: A prospective comparison. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116203. [PMID: 38422664 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae is an important pathogen able to cause various forms of respiratory and invasive disease. To provide high sensitivity for detection, culture media must inhibit growth of residential flora from the respiratory tract. This study aimed to identify and compare the diagnostic and economic advantages of using bacitracin containing selective agar (SEL) or oleandomycin disk supplemented chocolate agar (CHOC). Growth and semi-quantitative abundance of H. influenzae and growth suppression of residential flora was prospectively assessed in a 28-week period. H. influenzae was identified in 164 (5 %) of all included samples: CHOC and SEL, CHOC only, and SEL only were positive in 95, 24, and 45 cases. Diagnostic superiority of SEL was primarily attributable to the results of throat swabs. However, on average, € 200 had to be spent for the detection of each additional isolate that was recovered only because of additional incubation on SEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Forstner
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Maria Laireiter
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simone Friedl
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ivo Steinmetz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Dichtl
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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5
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Shi Z, Qu Y, Yan Y, Wang Q. Chinese Mothers' Reactions to Adolescents' Positive Emotions: Relations to Adolescents' Emotional Adjustment and Mothers' Socialization Goals. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1214-1231. [PMID: 38147188 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
When adolescents have positive emotions, parents' reactions that enhance or dampen the intensity or duration of adolescents' emotions have been documented to play a critical role in adolescents' emotional adjustment in Western societies. These parental reactions are theorized to be culturally embedded parenting practices in the emotion socialization process. However, research is limited in examining the implications of parents' enhancing and dampening reactions for adolescents' emotional adjustment in non-Western societies. Moreover, it remains to be explored how these parental reactions might be guided by parents' culturally shaped socialization goals for adolescents, and further influence adolescents' adjustment. To address these key issues, a two-wave longitudinal study spanning approximately 1.5 years was conducted among adolescents in China (N = 233; Mage = 12.19 years, SD = 0.60; 48% girls). Based on adolescents' reports, it was found that Chinese mothers' enhancing reactions to adolescents' positive emotions, which were related to their greater endorsement of self-development socialization goals (i.e., wanting adolescents to develop confidence, autonomy, and uniqueness), predicted adolescents' increased emotional well-being (i.e., self-esteem, vitality, and experience of positive emotions) and decreased emotional ill-being (i.e., depression, anxiety and experience of negative emotions) over time. Contrastingly, mothers' dampening reactions to adolescents' positive emotions, which were related to their less endorsement of self-development and greater endorsement of filial piety socialization goals (i.e., wanting adolescents to respect and obey parents), predicted adolescents' decreased emotional well-being over time. The findings broaden the cultural understanding of parents' emotion-related socialization practices, and provide insights into practical endeavors at optimizing parents' reactions to adolescents' positive emotions in culturally sensitive ways and ultimately promoting adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Shi
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.
| | - Yang Qu
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.
| | - Yiyun Yan
- No.1 High School Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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6
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Rajendran P, Jayabal L, Venkatesan M, Kumar MP, Ramalingam R, Sivaraman P, Fredrick A, Shanmugam S. Assessing the utility of Truenat in extrapulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis - A NRL's experience. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2024; 35:100420. [PMID: 38440213 PMCID: PMC10909875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnosis of extra pulmonary TB (EPTB) remains a big challenge. While data on utility of Xpert testing in EPTB diagnosis is enormous, there is limited data on Truenat MTB testing. Aim In this study we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of Truenat in EPTB diagnosis. Materials and methods The study included patients suspected and/or treated for EPTB located from Chennai district during the year 2021-2022. All processed EPTB samples were subjected to smear microscopy, culture and Truenat MTB testing. Results Of the 195 samples tested, 38 (19.4%) samples were positive for EPTB by any one of the diagnostic methods (smear, culture, microscopy). Out of these 38, 16 (42.1 %) were positive for MTB by Truenat and negative by Culture, 12 (31.5%) were positive by culture but negative by Truenat and 8 (21%) were positive by both Truenat and/or smear and culture. The sensitivity and specificity of the test was calculated with the composite reference standard (Culture (exclusion of colonies as positives), clinical conditions, and smear) and was found to be 60% and 100% respectively. Conclusion Truenat MTB test is a cost-effective rapid molecular test that can be used only for the diagnosis of presumptive EPTB and not on follow-up samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Rajendran
- ICMR -National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Lavanya Jayabal
- District Tuberculosis Office, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Chennai, India
| | | | - Michel Prem Kumar
- ICMR -National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | | | - P Sivaraman
- ICMR -National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Asha Fredrick
- State Tuberculosis Office, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Chennai, India
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7
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Huang KJ, Chen JH. Filial Piety and the Development of Independence and Interdependence During Emerging Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study of Taiwanese Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1232-1243. [PMID: 38157183 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
While filial piety has been widely studied in Confucian-influenced societies, little is known about how it may influence the development of emerging adults' independence and interdependence. Using a population-based longitudinal study in Taiwan (N = 3,149; 49.5% females), this study examined the association between filial piety in adolescence (aged 13-15) and independence and interdependence in emerging adulthood (aged 22). Results show that greater adherence to filial piety in adolescence predicts higher independence in emerging adulthood. Additionally, greater adherence to filial piety predicts higher interdependence for females, but not males, when parents hold traditional gender-role attitudes. This study underscores the significance of cultural norms and parental gender-role attitudes in shaping individuals' development during emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ju Huang
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jen-Hao Chen
- Department of Sociology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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8
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Buchanan CM, Glatz T, Selçuk Ş, Skinner AT, Lansford JE, Al-Hassan SM, Bacchini D, Bornstein MH, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Gurdal S, Liu Q, Long Q, Oburu P, Pastorelli C, Sorbring E, Tapanya S, Steinberg L, Tirado LMU, Yotanyamaneewong S, Alampay LP. Developmental Trajectories of Parental Self-Efficacy as Children Transition to Adolescence in Nine Countries: Latent Growth Curve Analyses. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1047-1065. [PMID: 37957457 PMCID: PMC10981562 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the developmental trajectories of parental self-efficacy as children transition into adolescence. This study examined parental self-efficacy among mothers and fathers over 3 1/2 years representing this transition, and whether the level and developmental trajectory of parental self-efficacy varied by cultural group. Data were drawn from three waves of the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project, a large-scale longitudinal, cross-cultural study, and included 1178 mothers and 1041 fathers of children who averaged 9.72 years of age at T1 (51.2% girls). Parents were from nine countries (12 ethnic/cultural groups), which were categorized into those with a predominant collectivistic (i.e., China, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, Colombia, and Jordan) or individualistic (i.e., Italy, Sweden, and USA) cultural orientation based on Hofstede's Individualism Index (Hofstede Insights, 2021). Latent growth curve analyses supported the hypothesis that parental self-efficacy would decline as children transition into adolescence only for parents from more individualistic countries; parental self-efficacy increased over the same years among parents from more collectivistic countries. Secondary exploratory analyses showed that some demographic characteristics predicted the level and trajectory of parental self-efficacy differently for parents in more individualistic and more collectivistic countries. Results suggest that declines in parental self-efficacy documented in previous research are culturally influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Suha M Al-Hassan
- Abu Dhabi Early Childhood Authority, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Marc H Bornstein
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
- UNICEF, New York City, NY, USA
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qin Liu
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Long
- Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Laurence Steinberg
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Robinson A. Dogwhistles, drilling and the roots of Western civilization: Books in brief. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01160-y. [PMID: 38641724 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
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10
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Chowdhury G, Ghosh D, Zhou Y, Deb AK, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Chakraborty S. Field evaluation of a simple and rapid diagnostic test, RLDT to detect Shigella and enterotoxigenic E. coli in Indian children. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8816. [PMID: 38627472 PMCID: PMC11021469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic assays currently used to detect Shigella spp. (Shigella) and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are complex or elaborate which make them difficult to apply in resource poor settings where these diseases are endemic. The simple and rapid nucleic acid amplification-based assay "Rapid LAMP-based Diagnostic Test (RLDT)" was evaluated to detect Shigella spp (Shigella) and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and determine the epidemiology of these pathogens in Kolkata, India. Stool samples (n = 405) from children under five years old with diarrhea seeking care at the hospitals were tested, and 85(21%) and 68(17%) by RLDT, 91(23%) and 58(14%) by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and 35(9%) and 15(4%) by culture, were positive for Shigella and ETEC, respectively. The RLDT showed almost perfect agreement with qPCR, Kappa 0.96 and 0.89; sensitivity 93% and 98%; specificity 100% and 97% for Shigella and ETEC, respectively. While RLDT detected additional 12% Shigella and 13% ETEC than culture, all culture positives for Shigella and ETEC except one each were also positive by the RLDT, sensitivity 97% and 93% respectively. RLDT is a simple, sensitive, and rapid assay that could be implemented with minimum training in the endemic regions to strengthen the disease surveillance system and rapid outbreak detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Chowdhury
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Debjani Ghosh
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Yiyi Zhou
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alok K Deb
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India.
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Nitrini R. Why did humans surpass all other primates? Are our brains so different? Part 2. Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e20240087P2. [PMID: 38628562 PMCID: PMC11019716 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2024-0087p2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The second part of this review is an attempt to explain why only Homo sapiens developed language. It should be remarked that this review is based on the opinion of a clinical neurologist and does not intend to go beyond an overview of this complex topic. The progressive development of language was probably due to the expansion of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its networks. PFC is the largest area of the human cerebral cortex and is much more expanded in humans than in other primates. To achieve language, several other functions should have been attained, including abstraction, reasoning, expanded working memory, and executive functions. All these functions are strongly related to PFC and language had a profound retroactive impact on them all. Language and culture produce anatomic and physiological modifications in the brain. Learning to read is presented as an example of how culture modifies the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nitrini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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12
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Krczal E, Behrens DA. Trust-building in temporary public health partnerships: a qualitative study of the partnership formation process of a Covid-19 test, trace and protect service. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:467. [PMID: 38614970 PMCID: PMC11015697 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health initiatives require coordinated efforts from healthcare, social services and other service providers. Organisational theory tells us that trust is essential for reaching collaborative effectiveness. This paper explores the drivers for initiating and sustaining trust in a temporary public health partnership, in response to a sudden health threat. METHODS This qualitative study analysed the formation process of a multisector partnership for a Covid-19 contact tracing service. Data was collected through 12 interviews, two focus groups, one feedback workshop, and an online survey with workforce members from all seven partner organisations. Purposive maximum variation sampling was used to capture the reflections and experiences of workforce members from all seven partner organisations. A deductive code scheme was used to identify drivers for building and sustaining trust in inter-organisational collaboration. RESULTS Relational mechanisms emanating from the commitment to the common aim, shared norms and values, and partnership structures affected trust-building. Shared values and the commitment to the common aim appeared to channel partners' behaviour when interacting, resulting in being perceived as a fair, reliable and supportive partner. Shared values were congruent with the design of the partnership in terms of governance structure and communication lines reflecting flat hierarchies and shared decision-making power. Tensions between partner organisations arose when shared values were infringed. CONCLUSIONS When managing trust in a collaboration, partners should consider structural components like governance structure, organisational hierarchy, and communication channels to ensure equal power distribution. Job rotation, recruitment of candidates with the desired personality traits and attitudes, as well as training and development, encourage inter-organisational networking among employees, which is essential for building and strengthening relationships with partner organisations. Partners should also be aware of managing relational dynamics, channelling behaviours through shared values, objectives and priorities and fostering mutual support and equality among partner organisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Krczal
- Department for Economy and Health, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria.
| | - Doris A Behrens
- Department for Economy and Health, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Employee Wellbeing Service, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Caerleon, UK
- School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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13
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Landolt A, Müller M, Ilg Y, Schulz PJ, Hoff P, Seifritz E, Maatz A. Linguistic and (micro)cultural differences in the global debate about re-naming 'schizophrenia': A mixed-methods survey from Switzerland. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:341-348. [PMID: 38615562 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS This survey explores Swiss mental health professionals', users', and relatives' opinions on re-naming schizophrenia exploiting Switzerland's specific multilingualism to examine possible effects of linguistic and microcultural differences on the issue. STUDY DESIGN Opinions on 'schizophrenia' were collected using a self-rated online questionnaire incl. Freetext answers available in the three main Swiss languages, German, French and Italian. It was distributed to the main professional and self-help organizations in Switzerland between June and October 2021. STUDY RESULTS Overall, 449 persons completed the questionnaire, 263 in German, 172 in French and 14 in Italian. Of the total sample, 339 identified as mental health professionals, 81 as relatives and 29 as users. Considering the whole sample, almost half favored a name-change with a significant difference between stakeholder- and between language groups. Also, the name 'schizophrenia' was evaluated more critically than the diagnostic concept. Qualitative analysis of freetext answers showed a highly heterogenous argumentation, but no difference between language groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the attitude towards re-naming might itself be subject to (micro)cultural difference, and they highlight the nature of 'schizophrenia' as not only a scientific, but also a linguistic and cultural object. Such local factors ought to be taken into consideration in the global debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Landolt
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Müller
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland; Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Centre for Social Psychiatry, Militärstrasse 8, 8021 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Ilg
- German Department, University of Zurich, Schönberggasse, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland; Competence Centre Language & Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Schulz
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Institute of Communication and Health, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Paul Hoff
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anke Maatz
- Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland; Competence Centre Language & Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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14
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Xie S, Low JZ. Dungeons and Dragons: Culture Differences in Attitudes Toward Exotic Animals. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2024:S1094-9194(24)00013-6. [PMID: 38614841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The way exotic animals are viewed around the world differ. These views and attitudes are constantly evolving and may eventually converge in the way that cats and dogs are now widely accepted as part of most societies around the world. The choice and popularity of exotic animal species as pets is a complex interaction of many different factors, including legislation and availability. Media representation may be a factor too, but there has been very little evidence to demonstrate this. Regardless of the region, exotic animal practice appears to be an area of veterinary practice that is on the rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhe Xie
- Veterinary Health, Mandai Wildlife Group, 80 Mandai Lake Road, Singapore.
| | - Ji Zhen Low
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Avenue 1, Singapore
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15
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Polo C, García-Seco T, García N, Fernández V, Briones V, Díez-Guerrier A, Álvarez J, Domínguez L, Pérez-Sancho M. Time, temperature and media: the three keys to improve the recovery of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis from preputial bull samples. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10362-8. [PMID: 38598116 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The isolation of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) from clinical samples is the gold standard for confirming cases of bovine genital campylobacteriosis, an important cause of infertility in cattle and a potential public health concern. Furthermore, isolation is also necessary for the development of autologous vaccines, characterization of strains for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, etc. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of culture methods is usually low, and there is no standardized protocol to maximize the recovery of Cfv from clinical samples. The aim of the current study is to design a protocol for the culture of Cfv from preputial samples by evaluating the combination of different transport, enrichment and culture media considering the impact of certain factors (time between collection and enrichment, temperature, and use of filters). The use of modified Lander's transport medium and storing the sample for 24 h at 21 ± 2 °C led to the highest recovery of Cfv CFUs. In contrast, the storage of the samples during 24-48 h in PBS and Thomann rarely allowed the recovery of Cfv regardless of the temperature. The enrichment medium yielding the best results was Preston (significantly higher recovery than Brucella medium), while Cfv could not be isolated with Bolton. Regarding our diagnostic assay (using Lander as transport medium and Preston as enrichment medium), the best protocol in terms of maximizing Cfv recovery as well as limiting contaminations is to culture the samples in i) solid media Preston or Skirrow, and ii) using 0.65 μm filters and incubating plates at 37 °C in microaerophilic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Polo
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- MAEVA SERVET S.L., C/ de la Fragua 3, 28749, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Seco
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea García
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Víctor Fernández
- Zootecnia Análisis Clínicos Veterinarios S.L.P., C/ Tierra de Campos 24-26, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Víctor Briones
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Díez-Guerrier
- MAEVA SERVET S.L., C/ de la Fragua 3, 28749, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Álvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-Sancho
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Tighe M. Three possible muses. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00921-z. [PMID: 38600192 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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17
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Nilsson A, Demetry Y, Shahnavaz S, Gripenberg J, Kvillemo P. Gambling and Migration - The Role of Culture and Family. J Gambl Stud 2024:10.1007/s10899-024-10292-9. [PMID: 38592615 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Problem gambling (PG) is a public health concern with severe repercussions for the individual, concerned significant others and the society. Foreign borns generally gamble less but are overrepresented among those with PG. Previous research has suggested that other factors, such as socio-economic status, might explain this, but also that cultural factors might play a role in the relationship to gambling and the development of PG. This qualitative study using content analysis investigates the experiences of and opinions about gambling and PG among 12 males living in Sweden with a migrant background in Afghanistan, the Middle East and North Africa. The results were show that the acculturation process could be a factor in developing PG, as well as a cultural values regarding money and wealth. PG was seen as more stigmatized in the origin country, and the family played a more important role in the rehabilitation of PG compared to the general population. The results of this study could be used to inform preventive and clinical programs to better reach people with a migrant background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Youstina Demetry
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shervin Shahnavaz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Gripenberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pia Kvillemo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Ortiz CE, Smeltzer SC. Utilization of traditional healing practices from Mexico by U. S. women of Mexican origin: A systematic review. Explore (NY) 2024:S1550-8307(24)00061-2. [PMID: 38582711 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Hispanics are 18.7 % of the U.S. population, and people of Mexican origin are 61.4 % of that Hispanic community. National health surveys indicate that utilization of traditional medicine among Hispanics is low compared to non-Hispanic Whites. However, many researchers have described their use in Hispanic populations as commonplace. OBJECTIVE This review analyzed studies about traditional healing practices from Mexico (THPM) used by women of Mexican origin in the U.S. for a greater understanding of traditional health practices within U.S. communities of Mexican origin. DATA SOURCES Journal databases were searched for studies between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2020. STUDY SELECTION The Whittemore and Knafl and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methods were used to analyze the studies. DATA EXTRACTION Seven themes emerged: A) foundations, B) medical pluralism, C) non-disclosure and patient satisfaction, D) remedies and rituals, E) healers, F) affinity, and G) what clinicians need to know. Four subthemes were identified: G1) cultural sensitivity, G2) communication skills, G3) leveraging the influence of THPM, and G4) scientific inquiry. DATA SYNTHESIS U.S. women of Mexican origin reported continued use of THPM for health promotion, influenced by their understanding of health and illness, community ties, and personal experiences. Study authors recommended strategies for improving patient-provider communication and understanding patients' use of traditional health and healing practices. CONCLUSION Further explorations of THPM are needed to build awareness of culturally-tied health beliefs and behaviors that improve medical care experiences and quality for Hispanics of Mexican origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Ortiz
- Villanova University (M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing), Villanova, PA, United States.
| | - Suzanne C Smeltzer
- Villanova University (M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing), Villanova, PA, United States
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19
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Dubiner S. These monkeys make no sense. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00898-9. [PMID: 38570650 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
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20
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Brinkmann S. What are Mental Disorders? Exploring the Role of Culture in the Harmful Dysfunction Approach. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2024:10.1007/s12124-024-09837-9. [PMID: 38565707 DOI: 10.1007/s12124-024-09837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A shared problem in psychology, psychiatry, and philosophy is how to define mental disorders. Various theories have been proposed, ranging from naturalism to social constructionism. In this article, I first briefly introduce the current landscape of such theories, before concentrating on one of the most influential approaches today: The harmful dysfunction theory developed by Jerome Wakefield. It claims that mental disorders are hybrid phenomena since they have a natural basis in dysfunctional mental mechanisms, but also a cultural component in the harm experienced by human beings. Although the theory is well thought through, I will raise a critical question: Is it possible to isolate mental mechanisms as naturally evolved from cultural factors? I will argue that it is not, but that the theory could still be helpful in an understanding of mental disorders, albeit on a new footing that does not operate with a natural and a cultural component as two separate factors. I argue that we need to develop a "naturecultural" approach to psychopathology that avoids mentalism, based on the fact that human beings are irreducibly persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svend Brinkmann
- Aalborg University, Teglgårds Plads 1, Aalborg, 9000, Denmark.
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21
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Sherriff S, Gwynn JD. Yarning together: toward targeted, co-designed parenting programs for Aboriginal Australians. Med J Aust 2024; 220:313-314. [PMID: 38379346 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Sherriff
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
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22
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Mekonnen AM, Visser L, Brandenburg J. Anxiety and coping strategies among dyslexics in Ethiopia. Ann Dyslexia 2024; 74:66-81. [PMID: 38010579 DOI: 10.1007/s11881-023-00293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with dyslexia have been shown to have an increased risk for developing internalizing problems. Various studies have revealed the powerful role that culture plays in determining the type of anxiety and coping strategies adopted by various groups of individuals. However, compared to the vast number of studies conducted in individualistic cultures, knowledge on collectivistic cultures with respect to this issue is still limited. This study examined anxiety and coping strategies of children with and without dyslexia in Ethiopia, where the majority of its cultural dimensions could be regarded as collectivistic. A total of 126 children with (n = 63) and without (n = 63) dyslexia, aged 8-11 (41 boys and 22 girls, in each group; and age: M = 9.43 years; SD = 1.14 and M = 9.46; SD =1.11), participated. Dyslexia was assessed using an Amharic dyslexia assessment battery, while anxiety level and coping strategy were respectively measured using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scales (SCAS) and the Children's Coping Questionnaire (CCQ), both translated into Amharic. Results indicated that dyslexia was associated with higher levels of anxiety (especially generalized anxiety) and lower levels of support-seeking coping strategies. We discuss these results in the light of the cultural and institutional context in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Visser
- Behavioral Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janin Brandenburg
- Department of Learning Impairments, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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23
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Robinson A. Wild women and restoring public trust: Books in brief. Nature 2024; 628:496. [PMID: 38580822 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
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24
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Pervez A, Hasan SU, Hamza M, Asghar S, Qaiser MH, Zaidi S, Mustansar I. Diagnostic accuracy of tests for tuberculous pericarditis: A network meta-analysis. Indian J Tuberc 2024; 71:185-194. [PMID: 38589123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is a relatively uncommon but potentially fatal extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. Despite its severity, there is no universally accepted gold standard diagnostic test for TBP currently. The objective of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the most commonly used tests in terms of specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV), and provide a summary of their diagnostic accuracies. A comprehensive literature review was performed using Scopus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane central register of controlled trials, encompassing studies published from start to April 2022. Studies that compared Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA), Xpert MTB/RIF, Adenosine Deaminase levels (ADA), and Smear Microscopy (SM) were included in the analysis. Bayesian random-effects model was used for statistical analysis and mean and standard deviation (SD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the absolute risk (AR) and odds ratio (OR). Rank probability and heterogeneity were determined using risk difference and Cochran Q test, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using true negative, true positive, false positive, and false negative rates. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was calculated for mean and standard error. A total of seven studies comprising 16 arms and 618 patients were included in the analysis. IGRA exhibited the highest mean (SD) sensitivity of 0.934 (0.049), with a high rank probability of 87.5% for being the best diagnostic test, and the AUROC was found to be 94.8 (0.36). On the other hand, SM demonstrated the highest mean (SD) specificity of 0.999 (0.011), with a rank probability of 99.5%, but a leave-one-out analysis excluding SM studies revealed that Xpert MTB/RIF ranked highest for specificity, with a mean (SD) of 0.962 (0.064). The diagnostic tests compared in our study exhibited similar high NPV, while ADA was found to have the lowest PPV among the evaluated methods. Further research, including comparative studies, should be conducted using a standardized cutoff value for both ADA levels and IGRA to mitigate the risk of threshold effect and minimize bias and heterogeneity in data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Hamza
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Sohaib Asghar
- Foundation University School of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Zaidi
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Isra Mustansar
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
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25
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Cook KV, Kurniati NMT, Suwartono C, Widyarini N, Griffin BJ, Cowden RG. Associations of self-forgiveness processes with distress and well-being outcomes: Evidence from a longitudinal study of Indonesian adults. Int J Psychol 2024; 59:303-311. [PMID: 38041244 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
To date, few empirical studies have examined the benefits of the processes involved in self-forgiveness-value reorientation and esteem restoration-for individual well-being using longitudinal data from non-Western samples. In this study, we take a step toward addressing this gap by analysing three waves of data collected among 595 Indonesians (Mage = 21.95, SD = 4.39). Applying the analytic templates for lagged exposure-wide and outcome-wide longitudinal designs, we performed a series of linear regressions to estimate associations of value reorientation and esteem restoration in Wave 2 with three indicators of distress and 10 indicators of well-being in Wave 3, adjusting for Wave 1 covariates. Value reorientation and esteem restoration were each associated with improvements in several well-being outcomes (six for value reorientation and three for esteem restoration), but both showed little evidence of associations with the distress outcomes. In a secondary analysis, those who scored higher on both value reorientation and esteem restoration (i.e., self-forgiveness group) in Wave 2 reported higher well-being on five outcomes in Wave 3 compared to those who scored lower on value reorientation, esteem restoration, or both (i.e., no or partial self-forgiveness group). We discuss some implications of the findings for conceptualising self-forgiveness and promoting well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaye V Cook
- Department of Psychology, Gordon College, Wenham, MA, USA
| | | | - Christiany Suwartono
- Faculty of Psychology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nilam Widyarini
- Department of Psychology, Gunadarma University, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Brandon J Griffin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Richard G Cowden
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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26
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Seo H, Kim S, Lee YW, Oh HS, Kim HS, Kim YK. Comparison of clinical outcomes of patients with serial negative surveillance cultures according to a subsequent polymerase chain reaction test for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales. J Hosp Infect 2024; 146:93-101. [PMID: 38369061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are of serious concern worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality. AIM To evaluate the impact of the result of a subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for carbapenemase after serial negative surveillance cultures on positive culture conversion in patients with three consecutive negative surveillance cultures for CPE, and to identify risk factors for conversion. METHODS A retrospective study of patients with positive CPE cultures on CHROMagar KPC medium was performed in a Korean tertiary hospital from October 2018 to December 2022. PCR for blaKPC, blaNDM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaGES, and blaOXA-48 was performed after three consecutive negative rectal swab cultures. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients were compared according to whether follow-up PCR was positive (CNPP) or negative (CNPN). FINDINGS Of 1075 patients with positive CPE cultures, 150 (14.0%) yielded three consecutive negative rectal swab cultures. Of these, 50 (33.3%) were CNPP, and 100 (66.7%) were CNPN. Risk factors associated with a positive PCR result on multivariate analysis were: age, central venous catheter, and Escherichia coli infection. CNPP patients were more likely to have positive culture conversion for CPE than CNPN patients (39/44 (88.6%) vs 21/50 (42.0%), P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for culture conversion were: a positive PCR result after surveillance cultures, diabetes mellitus, central venous catheter, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. CONCLUSION CNPP patients have higher rates of culture conversion than CNPN patients, and a follow-up PCR test after serial negative surveillance cultures is useful in deciding whether or not to discontinue contact precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Seo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Y W Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - H S Oh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - H-S Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
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27
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Chai L. Disability and Suicidal Ideation among Indigenous Adults in Canada: Cultural Resources as Contingencies. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:610-628. [PMID: 37052051 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2199803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study asks: Is disability associated with suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults in Canada? And if so, do cultural resources-as measured by cultural identity affect, cultural group belonging, cultural engagement, and cultural exploration-modify this association? METHODS Data were from a nationally representative sample of First Nations peoples living off-reserve, Métis, and Inuit across Canada-the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (N = 16,125). A series of weighted logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS Indigenous adults with disabilities were significantly more likely than those without disabilities to report suicidal ideation, even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and physical and mental health conditions. At the same time, people with multiple disabilities were at greater risk for suicidal ideation, with the largest association among those with five or more disabilities. Furthermore, the detrimental association between disability status and suicidal ideation attenuated among those who reported cultural group belonging. In a similar vein, the buffering role of cultural group belonging was also observed in the association between the number of disabilities and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling evidence that disability is a risk factor for suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults and that cultural group belonging plays a stress-buffering role in this relationship.
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Zupančič N, Palanović A, Ružojčić M, Boštjančič E, Popov B, Jelić D, Galić Z. Differential influence of basic psychological needs on burnout and academic achievement in three southeast European countries. Int J Psychol 2024; 59:288-302. [PMID: 37697182 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Several studies show the importance of basic psychological needs (BPN) for decreasing burnout and increasing grade point average (GPA), but, to our knowledge, no prior study has explored the potential contextual differences in Southeastern European countries. Moreover, even less is known about how this relationship may differ during stressful (exam) and less stressful (beginning of the semester) periods. Measures of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey and BPN Satisfaction and Frustration Scale were translated and adapted. The study included a cross-sectional sample of students from Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia during beginning of the semester and exam period. Across all countries and both contexts, students with high autonomy need satisfaction showed the strongest decrease in burnout, followed by those with high competence need satisfaction. Students with high academic achievement showed an increase due to competence need satisfaction. Competence and autonomy need satisfaction were higher beginning of a semester, while burnout was higher during the exam period. BPN play an important role in educational settings-satisfaction of the need for autonomy and competence protects students from burnout, and the need for competence predicts greater academic achievement regardless of culture or time of the semester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Zupančič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antun Palanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mitja Ružojčić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eva Boštjančič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Popov
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragana Jelić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zvonimir Galić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Roskam I, Aguiar J, Akgun E, Arena AF, Arikan G, Aunola K, Besson E, Beyers W, Boujut E, Brianda ME, Brytek-Matera A, Budak AM, Carbonneau N, César F, Chen BB, Dorard G, Dos Santos Elias LC, Dunsmuir S, Egorova N, Favez N, Fontaine AM, Foran H, Fricke J, Furutani K, Gannagé M, Gaspar M, Godbout L, Goldenberg A, Gross JJ, Gurza MA, Helmy M, Huynh MT, Kawamoto T, Lazarevic LB, Le Vigouroux S, Lebert-Charron A, Leme V, MacCann C, Manrique-Millones D, Matias M, Miranda-Orrego MI, Miscioscia M, Morgades-Bamba C, Mousavi SF, Muntean A, Olderbak S, Osman F, Oyarce-Cadiz D, Pérez-Díaz PA, Petrides KV, Pineda-Marin C, Prikhidko A, Ricci RT, Salinas-Quiroz F, Sarrionandia A, Scola C, Simonelli A, Cabrera PS, Soenens B, Sorbring E, Sorkkila M, Schrooyen C, Stănculescu E, Starchenkova E, Szczygiel D, Tapia J, Tri TMT, Tremblay M, van Bakel H, Verhofstadt L, Wendland J, Yotanyamaneewong S, Mikolajczak M. Three reasons why parental burnout is more prevalent in individualistic countries: a mediation study in 36 countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:681-694. [PMID: 37195293 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children, varies dramatically across countries and is highest in Western countries characterized by high individualism. METHOD In this study, we examined the mediators of the relationship between individualism measured at the country level and parental burnout measured at the individual level in 36 countries (16,059 parents). RESULTS The results revealed three mediating mechanisms, that is, self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, high agency and self-directed socialization goals, and low parental task sharing, by which individualism leads to an increased risk of burnout among parents. CONCLUSION The results confirm that the three mediators under consideration are all involved, and that mediation was higher for self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, then parental task sharing, and lastly self-directed socialization goals. The results provide some important indications of how to prevent parental burnout at the societal level in Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Roskam
- Department of Psychology, UCLouvain, Place Cardinal Mercier 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Joyce Aguiar
- University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, s/n, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ege Akgun
- Ankara University, Ankara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Okul Oncesi Egitimi AD Cebeci, 06590, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Andrew F Arena
- University of New South Wales, Hospital Road, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Gizem Arikan
- Ozyegin University, Nisantepe Mah., Orman Sok., 34794, Cekmekoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaisa Aunola
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. BoX 35, 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Eliane Besson
- Saint-Joseph University, Campus des Sciences Humaines, Rue de Damas, Mar Mikhael, B.P. 17-5208, Beyrouth, 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Wim Beyers
- Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emilie Boujut
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | | | - A Meltem Budak
- Bahcesehir University, Guney Yerleskesi, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Noémie Carbonneau
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Bd des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Filipa César
- University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, s/n, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bin-Bin Chen
- Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai, China
| | - Géraldine Dorard
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Sandra Dunsmuir
- University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AP, UK
| | - Natalia Egorova
- EPSM de l'agglomération lilloise, 1 rue de Lommelet, 59871, Saint-André-lez-Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Favez
- University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Heather Foran
- University of Klagenfurt, Universitaetsstr. 65-67, 9020, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Julia Fricke
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Luisenstr. 57, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Myrna Gannagé
- Saint-Joseph University, Campus des Sciences Humaines, Rue de Damas, Mar Mikhael, B.P. 17-5208, Beyrouth, 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Maria Gaspar
- University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, 3000-115, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lucie Godbout
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Bd des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Amit Goldenberg
- Harvard University, Soldiers Field, Boston, MA, 02163, USA
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-2130, USA
| | | | | | - Mai Helmy
- Sultan Qaboos university, Muscat, Oman, Egypt
- Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Mai Trang Huynh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 280 An Dương Vương, District 5, Hồ Chí Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Taishi Kawamoto
- Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | | | - Sarah Le Vigouroux
- Université de Nîmes, 5 Rue du Docteur Georges Salan CS 13019, 30021, Nîmes, France
| | - Astrid Lebert-Charron
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Vanessa Leme
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Place São Francisco Xavier, 524, B-10005c F, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolyn MacCann
- The University of Sydney, Brennan MacCallum 449, Manning Road, Camperdown, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | | | - Marisa Matias
- University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, s/n, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - María Isabel Miranda-Orrego
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Vicente Ramón Roca, 170525, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Clara Morgades-Bamba
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avda Valencia 13, 50005, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Ana Muntean
- West University in Timisoara, Oradea, str. Razboieni, nr.1, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Sally Olderbak
- Institut für Therapieforschung, Leopoldstraße 125, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Fatumo Osman
- Dalarna University, Sweden, Hogskolegatan 2, 791 88, Falun, Sweden
| | | | - Pablo A Pérez-Díaz
- Austral University of Chile, Institute of Psychology, Los Pinos Avenue, W/N, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | | | - Alena Prikhidko
- Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ricardo T Ricci
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Las Heras 429 7B (400), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Ainize Sarrionandia
- University of the Basque Country, Tolosa Hiribidea 70, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Céline Scola
- Aix Marseille Univ, 29 avenue Robert Schuman, 13621, Aix-en-Provence cedex 01, France
| | | | | | - Bart Soenens
- Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Starchenkova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Javier Tapia
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Sede Rodrigo Facio, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Thi Minh Thuy Tri
- Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Mélissa Tremblay
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Bd des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Hedwig van Bakel
- Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5000 LE, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaqueline Wendland
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Moïra Mikolajczak
- Department of Psychology, UCLouvain, Place Cardinal Mercier 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Kawabata Y. Forms of Peer Victimization and School Adjustment Among Japanese Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-01967-y. [PMID: 38555340 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The psychosocial correlates and consequences of peer victimization are well documented. However, there is limited knowledge about whether different forms of peer victimization (relational and physical) are predictive of school-based social and motivational factors among adolescents from non-Western cultures. The present study examined the relationship between individual and school-level forms of peer victimization and school adjustment among Japanese adolescents, and the mediating role that these factors may play. The Japanese sample (N = 6109 from 185 schools, Mage = 15.78, SD = 0.29, 51% girls and 49% boys) was drawn from a large international dataset, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018. Results showed that school-level relational victimization was associated with individual-level relational victimization, and school-level physical victimization was associated with individual-level physical victimization, after controlling for age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Individual-level relational victimization was also uniquely associated with indices of school adjustment (negative affect, positive affect, and fear of failure) over and above physical victimization. While controlling for relational victimization, individual-level physical victimization was associated with indices of school adjustment (positive affect and meaning in life). In further findings, school-level relational and physical victimization were indirectly, but not directly, related to some of students' school adjustment through individual-level relational and physical victimization. These parallel and differential associations suggest the importance of considering the role of relational and physical victimization in school adjustment among Japanese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Kawabata
- Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU, USA.
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Suhaimi H, Abdul Rahman MI, Ashaari A, Ikhwanuddin M, Wan Rasdi N. Adaptation and potential culture of wild Amphipods and Mysids as potential live feed in aquaculture: a review. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17092. [PMID: 38563012 PMCID: PMC10984187 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Live foods such as phytoplankton and zooplankton are essential food sources in aquaculture. Due to their small size, they are suitable for newly hatched larvae. Artemia and rotifer are commonly used live feeds in aquaculture; each feed has a limited dietary value, which is unsuitable for all cultured species. Whereas, copepod and cladocerans species exhibit favorable characteristics that make them viable candidates as sources of essential nutrients for hatchery operations. Due to their jerking movements, it stimulates the feeding response of fish larvae, and their various sizes make them suitable for any fish and crustacean. Even though Artemia is the best live feed due to its proficient nutritional quality, the cost is very expensive, which is about half of the production cost. A recent study suggests the use of amphipods and mysids as alternative live feeds in aquaculture. High nutritional value is present in amphipods and mysids, especially proteins, lipids, and essential fatty acids that are required by fish larvae during early development. Amphipods and mysids are considered abundant in the aquatic ecosystem and have been used by researchers in water toxicity studies. However, the culture of amphipods and mysids has been poorly studied. There is only a small-scale culture under laboratory conditions for scientific research that has been performed. Thus, further research is required to find a way to improve the mass culture of amphipods and mysids that can benefit the aquaculture industry. This review article is intended to provide the available information on amphipods and mysids, including reproductive biology, culture method, nutritional value, feed enhancement, and the importance of them as potential live feed in aquaculture. This article is useful as a guideline for researchers, hatchery operators, and farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayu Suhaimi
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | - Aisyah Ashaari
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mhd Ikhwanuddin
- Higher Institute Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Wan Rasdi
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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Brazeau GA, Robinson ET, Wolcott J, Jones CB. Ghosts and Ghosting in Digital Communications. Am J Pharm Educ 2024; 88:100692. [PMID: 38552716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Ghosting, professionally and personally, occurs when there is an abrupt end to communication between 2 individuals without any explanation or when an individual does not follow through on commitments to others associated with their communication. The increase in the available communication channels and speed at which messages can now be transmitted between individuals is resulting in a greater incidence of ghosting or perceived ghosting in our colleges/schools of pharmacy. The impact of ghosting is the disruption of effective communication and communication strategies that are essential to the development of positive and thriving cultures and subcultures in our institutions. The causes of ghosting (real or perceived) in our pharmacy academy could be attributed to increased workload and speed of communication, increased workload and productivity expectations, and increased workload and information volume. The consequences of ghosting in our colleges/schools can result in decreased psychological safety in our cultures, adversely impacting individual well-being, resiliency, grit, and satisfaction and adversely impacting student academic performance and success. There are simple steps that individuals and institutions can implement to minimize ghosting or the perception of ghosting that may occur with online communication channels used by our faculty, staff, students, and outside individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle A Brazeau
- Marshall University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huntington, WV, USA; Editor - American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, USA.
| | - Evan T Robinson
- Creighton University, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Janet Wolcott
- Cabell-Huntington Hospital Department of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Cynthia B Jones
- Marshall University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huntington, WV, USA
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Zarzycki M, Vilchinsky N, Bei E, Ferraris G, Seddon D, Morrison V. Cross-country variations in the caregiver role: evidence from the ENTWINE-iCohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:898. [PMID: 38532418 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, economically developed countries face similar ageing demographics and the challenge of a 'care gap', yet they vary due to different care and formal support systems, and different cultural and societal norms around illness and care. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine cross-country variations in caregiver motivations, willingness, values, meaning in life, illness beliefs, and experiences of wellbeing, gain, health-related quality of life, burden and depression, across 6 European countries and Israel. Cross-country differences in the above-mentioned informal caregiver experiences are rarely described. METHODS An online survey (ENTWINE-iCohort) was conducted using validated measures wherever possible. This paper utilises data from 879 caregivers and seven countries (Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, the UK, and Israel). RESULTS No consistent finding supporting the concurrent relationship between caregiver support policies/country culture and caregiver motivations/willingness was found. Caregivers in countries typically characterised by individualist cultures reported lower familism, higher self-enhancement values, and greater perceived illness threat compared to more collectivist countries. Search for meaning was higher in poorer countries than in wealthier countries. Higher negative caregiver experiences (e.g., burden) and lower positive experiences (e.g., wellbeing) were generally observed in countries with underdeveloped caregiver support as compared to countries with more developed formal support systems. CONCLUSIONS Cross-country variations can be explained to varying degrees by national policies around care (or their absence) and country cultural contexts. The results emphasise the importance of formal support services for achieving positive caregiver experiences, and help inform the development of policies and measures to support caregivers in Europe and Israel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Zarzycki
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
- School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom.
| | - Noa Vilchinsky
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Eva Bei
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ferraris
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diane Seddon
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Val Morrison
- School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom
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Bourke SL, McKenna L, Cooper S, Lam L. Contextual determinants impacting final year nursing students' emergency team communication during deteriorating patient simulations: A grounded theory study. Nurse Educ Today 2024; 138:106183. [PMID: 38554566 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ability to focus on development of students' team communication and non-technical skills may be reduced in content saturated nursing curricula. Even when communication and simulation-based education is provided, students' utilisation of non-technical skills remains challenging. Although simulation is a recognised means to learn communication skills, little is known about nursing students' team communication in simulated settings. OBJECTIVE To understand the process by which final year undergraduate nursing students communicate in simulated team emergencies. DESIGN Using constructivist grounded theory, data was collected using semi-structured interviews and student observations and analysed using constant comparative analysis. SETTING Simulation laboratories in one university nursing school in Australia. PARTICIPANTS 21 final year nursing students in seven teams. METHODS Data were gathered from interviews and video observations of final year nursing students during simulated team emergencies. RESULTS Interview data and observations of video-recordings revealed contextual determinants that influence communication within teams: the simulation context, the student context and the team context. Team member characteristics, such as cultural and linguistic background, life experiences, gender and age, the ability to shift from leadership to followership as well as environmental factors such as mask wearing and simulation fidelity, contributed to uncertainty in communicating that nursing team effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of contextual conditions necessitates implementation of supportive strategies. These include development of educational initiatives, and further research in experiential learning as a modality for learners to experience team communication. Further, simulation context, student context and team context are important considerations. Meeting clinical communication learning needs of students allows better preparation to care for deteriorating patients as graduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Bourke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Lisa McKenna
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Simon Cooper
- The Health Innovation and Transformation Centre (HITC), Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick Campus, Clyde Road, Berwick, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Louisa Lam
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine (VIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia.
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Rudenstrand H, Bäärnhielm S. A qualitative study about explanatory models of alcohol use disorder among patients and relatives in a Ugandan mental hospital. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:222. [PMID: 38515058 PMCID: PMC10958892 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major clinical problem in Uganda. Explanatory models (EMs) of illness are important as they have consequences for treatment. Clinicians´ knowledge about patients´ EMs can improve understanding of the latter´s perspectives and adapting treatments. There is a lack of African studies about EMs of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore EMs for AUD among hospitalized patients and their relatives at the alcohol and drug unit (ADU) at Butabika hospital in Uganda. METHODS An adapted version of the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) was used for interviews with ten patients and five relatives to investigate how both hospitalized patients with AUD and their relatives understand the disease. Data were analysed for themes with a qualitative content analysis and support of the software program, OpenCode 4.03. RESULTS Five major themes were identified from the patient interviews: "Context promotes AUD"; "Alcohol is part of culture"; "Spiritual causes of AUD in the community"; "Help through Western medicine and religious sources is preferred" and "Social problems and stigmatization". Six major themes identified from the interviews with relatives were: "Numerous causes of drinking alcohol"; "Devastating consequences of drinking alcohol"; "Exploiting persons with AUD"; "Others' suffering"; "Relatives struggling for help" and "Suggested solutions". CONCLUSIONS Patients' EMs of AUD included social and spiritual explanations. Alcohol is seen as an important part of the Ugandan culture among both patients and their relatives. The results indicate it is important in clinical contexts to investigate the EMs of the patients and relatives to individually tailor treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofie Bäärnhielm
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Transcultural Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Quinn T. The warfighter. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00821-2. [PMID: 38509291 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
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Wang Y, Orosz G, Chen X, Miao C, Li Y. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Competitive Orientation Inventory. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6591. [PMID: 38503908 PMCID: PMC10951327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Competitive Orientation Inventory (Ch-MCOI) in adults from Mainland China. A total of 1121 participants (50.6% male; M = 28.86, SD = 8.70) were recruited for this study. All participants completed the Chinese versions of the MCOI, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS-f), and the Competition Attitude Scale (Ch-CAS). A subsample of 239 participants (50.6% male; M = 32.04, SD = 8.13) completed the Ch-MCOI again after a two-week interval to assess test-retest reliability. Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) yielded a four-factor structure (hyper-competitive orientation, self-developmental competitive orientation, anxiety-driven competition avoidance, and lack of interest toward competition), which was further validated by confirmatory factor analyses with a satisfactory fit. Furthermore, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent and concurrent validity were also acceptable. Our findings suggest that the Ch-MCOI could be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the adaptive and maladaptive facets of competitive orientations in the Chinese-speaking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gabor Orosz
- Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Université d'Artois, Sherpas, Liévin, France
| | - Xi Chen
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chengguo Miao
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Reward, Competition, and Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Berhanu RD, Golja EA, Gudeta TA, Feyisa JW, Rikitu DH, Bayane YB. Cultural sensitivity and associated factors among nurses in southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:182. [PMID: 38486240 PMCID: PMC10941586 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the rapidly rising cultural diversity, the ability to recognize cultural diversity is extremely important to all healthcare professionals, especially to nurses. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the cultural sensitivity of nurses in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess cultural sensitivity and associated factors among nurses working at Jimma Medical Center, Oromia Regional State, Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS Health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 244 nurses selected by simple random sampling from May 20th to June 20th, 2020. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution Version 26.0. Bivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to select variables for the final model. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with cultural sensitivity. Statistical significance was declared at [Formula: see text]0.05, and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% CI was used to report significant covariates. RESULTS Out of the total sample, 236 nurses participated in this study, giving a response rate of 96.72%. Nurses who were culturally sensitive while delivering routine nursing services were found to be 40.3% (95% CI (34.3, 46.6)). Level of education ([AOR (95% CI)], [4.846 (1.188, 19.773)]), interpersonal communication ([AOR (95% CI)], [4.749 (1.334, 16.909)]), and intercultural communication ([AOR (95% CI)], [51.874 (13.768, 195.45)]) were positively and significantly associated with the cultural sensitivity of nurses. CONCLUSION Cultural sensitivity is found to be low in the study area. Increasing level of education, effective interpersonal communication abilities, and intercultural communication abilities positively predict cultural sensitivity of nurses. It is helpful for nurses to improve their knowledge of transcultural nursing theories and cultural understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robera Demissie Berhanu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, P. O. Box: 395, Ethiopia.
| | - Eba Abdisa Golja
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, P. O. Box: 395, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Abera Gudeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, P. O. Box: 395, Ethiopia
| | - Jira Wakoya Feyisa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Dame Habtamu Rikitu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yadeta Babu Bayane
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
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Athari SA, Cho Teneng R, Çetinkaya B, Bahreini M. Country risk, global uncertainty, and firms' cash holdings: Do the role of law, culture, and financial market development matter? Heliyon 2024; 10:e26266. [PMID: 38463892 PMCID: PMC10923658 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To the extent of our knowledge, there is a gap in scrutinizing the impacts of the country's risk and global uncertainty on Asian firms' cash holdings. Therefore, this work aims to shed light on this gap by choosing 989 listed non-financial Asian firms and performing both the static (fixed-effects) and dynamic (Difference-GMM and System-GMM) panel data methods between 2008 and 2020. The findings reveal that an increase in a country's risk and global uncertainty stimulates firms to stockpile more cash though the impact of country risk is more pronounced. Likewise, the results underscore that among the country risk factors, firms have more precautionary motives to stockpile more cash with increases in financial and political instability while they hold more cash with rises in economic stability. Remarkably, the results emphasize that the impacts of country risk and global uncertainty on cash holdings are more prominent in environments characterized by common-law legal origin, high uncertainty avoidance cultures, and less financial market development. Moreover, the results reveal that firm-specific factors including growth opportunity, leverage, profitability, dividend, and size have an important role in shaping Asian firms' cash holdings policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Alireza Athari
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Roland Cho Teneng
- Department of Business Administration, European Leadership University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Bülent Çetinkaya
- Department of Business Administration, European Leadership University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Mahboubeh Bahreini
- Department of Business Administration, European Leadership University, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
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Teke J, Bolarinwa OA, Nnyanzi LA, Giles EL, Ells L, Elliott S, Okeke SR, Okeke-Obayemi DO. "For me, it is for longevity and making sure I am fit and around for my children": exploring motivations and barriers for weight management among minoritised communities in Medway, England. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:796. [PMID: 38481164 PMCID: PMC10938650 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migration-related changes in dietary patterns and other structural and individual factors affect weight-related health practices of individuals migrating from low-and-middle-income to high-income countries. Thus, individuals of ethnically diverse backgrounds may be disproportionately affected by poorer health outcomes, including weight-related health issues. Understanding how this community could be supported to adopt weight-related healthy practices such as optimum dietary and exercise behaviour is an important issue for public health research. Against this backdrop, we explored structural and individual factors that facilitate and constrain the uptake of weight management services among members of minority ethnic communities in Medway, England. METHODS Data were collected from audio-recorded interviews with 12 adult community members from minoritised ethnic communities using a semi-structured interview guide. Participants were recruited through a purposive and convenient sampling technique. Generated data were transcribed, coded into NVivo and analysed using the reflexive thematic analytical technique. RESULTS Results showed that social support and health benefits of weight management were the main motivating factors for weight management among the study participants. Conversely, systemic barriers, family commitment and caring responsibilities, changes in dietary patterns post-migration and cultural norms were major factors constraining participants from adopting weight management behaviours. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that structural and person-level factors serve as both facilitators and barriers to weight management among ethnically diverse communities in Medway, England. While our study is exploratory and opens doors for more studies among the population, we conclude that these minoritised communities could benefit from more equitable, tailored weight management programmes to support them in adopting weight-related practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Teke
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Teesside, UK
| | - Obasanjo A Bolarinwa
- Department of Public Health, York St John University, London, UK.
- Department of Demography and Population Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Lawrence A Nnyanzi
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Teesside, UK
| | - Emma L Giles
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Teesside, UK
| | - Louisa Ells
- Obesity Institute, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sylvesters R Okeke
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- ECA College of Health Science, Sydney, Australia
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Llave K, Cheng KK, Ko A, Pham A, Ericson M, Campos B, Perez-Gilbe HR, Kim JHJ. Promising Directions: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial and Behavioral Interventions with Cultural Incorporation for Advanced and Metastatic Cancer. Int J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s12529-024-10264-8. [PMID: 38472713 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-024-10264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving quality of life (QOL) in advanced and metastatic cancer is a priority with increasing survivorship. This systematic review synthesizes psychosocial and behavioral interventions incorporating culture with the goal of examining their benefit for understudied and medically underserved populations with advanced and metastatic cancer. METHOD Reports were systematically screened for (1) a focus on advanced and metastatic cancer survivors, (2) psychosocial or behavioral intervention intended to improve QOL, (3) evidence of incorporating the culture(s) of understudied/underserved populations, and (4) availability in English. Bias was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist and the Methodological index for non-randomized studies. Qualitative synthesis and quantitative meta-analyses were completed. RESULTS Eighty-six reports containing 5981 participants' data were examined. Qualitative synthesis of 23 studies identified four overarching themes relevant for incorporating culture in interventions. Meta-analysis of 19 RCTs and 4 quasi-experimental studies containing considerable heterogeneity indicated greater improvements in QOL (g = 0.84), eudaimonic well-being (g = 0.53), distress (g = -0.49), and anxiety (g = -0.37) for main intervention conditions compared to controls. Meta-analysis of 10 single-arm trials containing minimal to moderate heterogeneity found benefit for anxiety (g = -0.54), physical symptoms (g = -0.39), and depression (g = -0.38). CONCLUSION Psychosocial and behavioral interventions with cultural incorporation appear beneficial for improving QOL-related outcomes in advanced and metastatic cancer. Studies incorporating culture in psychosocial or behavioral interventions offer noteworthy insight and suggestions for future efforts such as attending to deep cultural structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Llave
- Department of Population Health & Preventive Disease, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Karli K Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Amy Ko
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Annie Pham
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Marissa Ericson
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Belinda Campos
- Department of Chicano/Latino Studies, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline H J Kim
- Department of Population Health & Preventive Disease, University of California, Irvine, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, USA.
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Thornton E, Petersen K, Marquez J, Humphrey N. Do Patterns of Adolescent Participation in Arts, Culture and Entertainment Activities Predict Later Wellbeing? A Latent Class Analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-01950-7. [PMID: 38466529 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Participation in arts, culture, and entertainment (PACE) activities may promote adolescent wellbeing. However, little is known about how such activities cluster together, and previous research has used small samples, cross-sectional designs, focused on single activities, and/or has not considered the influence of socio-demographic factors on participation. Using latent class analysis, the aims of this study were to establish: (i) classes of adolescent PACE activities; (ii) associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification; and, (iii) whether PACE classification predicts later wellbeing. Longitudinal data from the #BeeWell study (N = 18,224 adolescents; mean age at T1 = 12 years 7 months (±3.56 months); 50.54% female) were analyzed. Four latent classes were established: the 'Dynamic Doers' (high, wide-ranging participation; 11.87%); the 'Mind and Body Crew' (reading, arts, videogames, sports/exercise; 39.81%); the 'Game and Gain Squad' (videogames and sports/exercise; 29.05%); and the 'Activity Free Adolescents' (uniformly low participation; 19.27%). Associations between socio-demographic characteristics and PACE classification were observed (e.g., socio-economic disadvantage increased the likelihood of Activity Free Adolescents classification, compared to Game and Gain Squad classification). Finally, PACE classification predicted later wellbeing (e.g., Dynamic Doers reported significantly higher wellbeing than Activity Free Adolescents). These findings are discussed in relation to the need to improve accessibility and appeal of arts, culture, and entertainment provision for adolescents as a means to optimize their wellbeing. PRE-REGISTRATION: The analysis plan for this study was pre-registered on the Open Science Framework and can be found here: https://osf.io/2jtpd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Thornton
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Jose Marquez
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Leeming J. Show off your science in Nature's photo competition. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00688-3. [PMID: 38459339 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
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Shali M, Bakhshi F, Hasanpour M. Culture of patient care among international nursing students: a focused ethnographic study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:163. [PMID: 38448913 PMCID: PMC10916181 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01807-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to describe and explain the culture of patient care in international nursing students. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted using focused ethnography. Participants (n = 21) were purposefully selected from non-Iranian international students and their nursing instructors. Data collection included semi-structured interviews, and field-note taking. Data were analyzed with the Roper and Shapira inductive approach of ethnographic content analysis. RESULTS The cultural model of the study included the acquisition of cultural competence through acceptance of differences and finding commonalities. Subcategories were: "avoiding cultural bias", "trying to be on the path of adaptation", "appealing to the support and companionship of colleagues", "coping with culture shock", "acculturation", "getting help from cultural intelligence", "cultural empathy", and "language and communication enhancement". CONCLUSION Cultural competence is teachable. The pattern of formation is through accepting differences and searching for commonalities. Suggestions for promoting the culture of care among international students include effective use of peer groups and teaching different national ethnicities and cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboube Shali
- Critical Care Nursing Education Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bakhshi
- Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marzieh Hasanpour
- Pediatric and Newborn Intensive Care Nursing Education Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tohid Squ., Dr. Mirkhani [East Nosrat] St., Tehran, 1419733171, Iran.
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Kolmes S, Ha C, Potter J. Responding to Cultural Limitations on Patient Autonomy: A Clinical Ethics Case Study. HEC Forum 2024; 36:99-109. [PMID: 35943673 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper is a clinical ethics case study which sheds light on several important dilemmas which arise in providing care to patients from cultures with non-individualistic conceptions of autonomy. Medical professionals face a difficult challenge in determining how to respond when families of patients ask that patients not be informed of bad medical news. These requests are often made for cultural reasons, by families seeking to protect patients. In these cases, the right that patients have to their own medical information in order to make autonomous decisions is in tension with the possibility that patients could hold values that require limiting their autonomy with regard to medical information disclosure, often based on the idea that family should take on difficult decision-making as an act of care. We describe one such case, of an 83-year old Russian woman whose husband requested she not be informed of a new cancer diagnosis. The appropriate response to this request was to ask the patient about her values separately, without disclosing any medical information until her values were clear. This patient indicated she wanted the care team to uphold her husband's request. This response makes the importance of determining a patient's values before moving forward with disclosure clear: she would not have wanted to be informed of her cancer. We describe our conversation strategy, which allowed value exploration without disclosure and highlighted that the obligation to respect a patient's autonomy sometimes includes an obligation to allow a patient to choose to limit their own autonomy. This case also highlights that this kind of conversation prioritizes the patient's values rather than the family's or care team's, centering patients in the way that is ethically appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kolmes
- Providence Center for Health Care Ethics, Portland, OR, USA.
| | | | - Jordan Potter
- Wellstar Health System (Clinical Ethics), Atlanta, GA, USA
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Balboni A, Franzo G, Bano L, Urbani L, Segatore S, Rizzardi A, Cordioli B, Cornaggia M, Terrusi A, Vasylyeva K, Dondi F, Battilani M. No viable bacterial communities reside in the urinary bladder of cats with feline idiopathic cystitis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 168:105137. [PMID: 38181480 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Urinary microbial diversities have been reported in humans according to sex, age and clinical status, including painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC). To date, the role of the urinary microbiome in the pathogenesis of PBS/IC is debated. Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a chronic lower urinary tract disorder affecting cats with similarities to PBS/IC in women and represents an important problem in veterinary medicine as its aetiology is currently unknown. In this study, the presence of a bacterial community residing in the urinary bladder of cats with a diagnosis of FIC was investigated. Nineteen cats with clinical signs and history of FIC and without growing bacteria in standard urine culture were included and urine collected with ultrasound-guided cystocentesis. Bacterial community was investigated using a culture-dependent approach consisted of expanded quantitative urine culture techniques and a culture-independent approach consisted of 16S rRNA NGS. Several methodological practices were adopted to both avoid and detect any contamination or bias introduced by means of urine collection and processing which could be relevant due to the low microbial biomass environment of the bladder and urinary tract, including negative controls analysis. All the cats included showed no growing bacteria in the urine analysed. Although few reads were originated using 16S rRNA NGS, a comparable pattern was observed between urine samples and negative controls, and no taxa were confidently classified as non-contaminant. The results obtained suggest the absence of viable bacteria and of bacterial DNA of urinary origin in the urinary bladder of cats with FIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Franzo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Bano
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Lorenza Urbani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Segatore
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Rizzardi
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cordioli
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Matteo Cornaggia
- Diagnostic and Microbiology Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Vicolo Mazzini 4, 31020, Villorba, Treviso, Italy
| | - Alessia Terrusi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kateryna Vasylyeva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mara Battilani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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Nowogrodzki J. Meet the real-life versions of Dune's epic sandworms. Nature 2024; 627:474-475. [PMID: 38454037 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
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Gaviola MA, Omura M, Inder KJ, Johnson A. Caring for people with dementia from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in nursing homes: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 151:104674. [PMID: 38215689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With continued increase in global migration, older people population in most countries is culturally diverse. Despite lesser preference for nursing home placement, people with dementia from culturally diverse backgrounds with higher needs and acuity do access nursing homes, however, little is known about care provision. OBJECTIVE The aims of this review were to map and synthesise available literature on care provision amongst people with dementia from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in nursing homes and identify literature gaps that could inform future research. DESIGN A scoping review was conducted guided by the six-step scoping review methodology of Levac and colleagues. METHODS A literature search was conducted from August to September 2022 and updated in June 2023 using six databases: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Screening of articles, data extraction, and quality appraisal was performed independently by two authors. Articles included were primary empirical studies that explored care provision to people with dementia from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds living in nursing homes. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results were presented in a table and narrative format. RESULTS Of the 1149 articles identified, 25 were included. A majority of the articles were qualitative (n = 17) and conducted in Western countries such as those in Europe (n = 11), as well as Australia (n = 5) and the United States (n = 4). Data analysis led to the development of three themes: (1) maintaining a sense of home; (2) fostering communication and interaction; (3) barriers and facilitators to providing care. Most articles did not specify the model underpinning the approaches to care provision. CONCLUSIONS Care provision for people with dementia from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds living in nursing homes entails an environment which enables them to live up to the standards of what "home" means to them, communicate their needs, and engage in meaningful interactions. Predominant barriers to care provision relate to language and the facility's resources and capacity to deliver culture-specific care. Methodological quality of the studies that explored care provision for people with dementia from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in the nursing home context is mostly limited. To strengthen the evidence base, there is a need for more rigorous research that informs care provision approaches and development of an inclusive model of culturally appropriate care to people with dementia from culturally diverse backgrounds in the nursing home context. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT A scoping review synthesised evidence on care provision amongst people with dementia from CALD backgrounds in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minah Amor Gaviola
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Mieko Omura
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kerry Jill Inder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Amanda Johnson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
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Ennis K, Brown-DeVeaux D. How Can Organizations Support a Culture of Care? Nurs Clin North Am 2024; 59:131-139. [PMID: 38272579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Providing care is central to the operations of health care organizations. This article discusses how organizations can create a culture of care. It also identifies key elements that health care organizations can implement to build a culture that nurtures both patients and employees. Additionally, the article examines the benefits of implementing practices that demonstrate compassion toward both employees and patients. This article explores the significance of creating and supporting a culture of care for both patients and employees in health care organizations. Finally, the article identifies prevalent practices that contribute to a culture of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Ennis
- Department of Nursing NYU Langone Health, Site Lead for Nursing and Patient Care Services, NYU Langone Othopedic Hospital, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA.
| | - Dewi Brown-DeVeaux
- Department of Nursing NYU Langone Health A, 10514 Flatlands 10th Street, Brooklyn NY 11236, USA
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Farjoud Kouhanjani M, Hosseini SA, Asadi-Pooya AA, Heydari M, Hosseini SMH, Farjoudi Kouhanjani HK. Historical roots of the stigma of epilepsy: A review of the classic Iranian literature. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 152:109644. [PMID: 38280255 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stigma toward epilepsy is a daily challenge for people with epilepsy (PWE) and can influence the well-being and prognosis of these individuals. However, the cultural origins of such stigma have sparsely been examined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the classic Persian literature to gain insight into the historical and cultural beliefs and opinions regarding epilepsy as a determinant in developing stigma towards PWE. METHODS In this narrative review of the classic Persian literature, we investigated the opinions and beliefs regarding epilepsy and PWE. In February 2023, we searched https://ganjoor.net (an open-access database of Iranian literature) for the relevant literary materials (poem and prose) using the Persian translation of the terms epilepsy (Sar'e) and epileptic (Masroo'e). Two clinical researchers went through the results and extracted the related materials under the supervision of two experts in Persian literature. A bilingual academic translated the included literary materials from Persian to English. RESULTS Our search yielded 57 literature materials by 31 poets and writers from the 4th to 14th Hijri centuries, roughly coinciding with the past Gregorian millennium (1000-2000 AC). We classified the literary concepts related to epilepsy stigma into five subgroups: (i) a simile for pain and suffering; (ii) an atonement for blasphemous beliefs or a disease caused by supernatural power; (iii) a sign of madness, insanity, and lack of wisdom; (iv) a celestial observation; and (v) a subject for jokes. CONCLUSIONS Classic Persian literature considered epilepsy as a simile for suffering and a sign of insanity that is caused by blasphemous beliefs or celestial objects, with PWE classified as insane and unwise. While such depictions became less prevalent after the 14th century CE, they can give rise to misconceptions and negative stigma toward PWE and should be addressed in modern culture. Each society should critically investigate its socio-cultural origins of stigma and rectify such misbeliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ali A Asadi-Pooya
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Jefferson Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Mojtaba Heydari
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Hadi Hosseini
- Department of Education of Fars, Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran; Farhangian University, Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran; Qatar University, Qatar.
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