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Aalders J, Léger L, Hassannia B, Goossens V, Vanden Berghe T, van Hengel J. Improving cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells by targeting ferroptosis. Regen Ther 2024; 27:21-31. [PMID: 38496011 PMCID: PMC10940893 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Generation of cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is of high interest for disease modelling and regenerative medicine. hPSCs can provide an unlimited source of patient-specific cardiomyocytes that are otherwise difficult to obtain from individuals. Moreover, the low proliferation rate of adult cardiomyocytes and low viability ex vivo limits the quantity of study material. Most protocols for the differentiation of cardiomyocytes from hPSCs are based on the temporal modulation of the Wnt pathway. However, during the initial stage of GSK-3 inhibition, a substantial number of cells are lost due to detachment. In this study, we aimed to increase the efficiency of generating cardiomyocytes from hPSCs. We identified cell death as a detrimental factor during this initial stage of in vitro cardiomyocyte differentiation. Through pharmacological targeting of different types of cell death, we discovered that ferroptosis was the main cell death type during the first 48 h of the in vitro differentiation procedure. Inhibiting ferroptosis using ferrostatin-1 during cardiomyocyte differentiation resulted in increased robustness and cell yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Aalders
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Entrance 37a, 2nd floor, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurens Léger
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Entrance 37a, 2nd floor, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Behrouz Hassannia
- Cell Death Signalling Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- Cell Death Signalling Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Medical Cell Biology Research Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Entrance 37a, 2nd floor, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Tsukamoto M, Kawasaki T, Vemuri MC, Umezawa A, Akutsu H. A passage-free, simplified, and scalable novel method for iPSC generation in three-dimensional culture. Regen Ther 2024; 27:39-47. [PMID: 38496009 PMCID: PMC10940796 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have immense potential for use in disease modeling, etiological studies, and drug discovery. However, the current workflow for iPSC generation and maintenance poses challenges particularly during the establishment phase when specialized skills are required. Although three-dimensional culture systems offer scalability for maintaining established iPSCs, the enzymatic dissociation step is complex and time-consuming. In this study, a novel approach was developed to address these challenges by enabling iPSC generation, maintenance, and differentiation without the need for two-dimensional culture or enzymatic dissociation. This streamlined method offers a more convenient workflow, reduces variability and labor for technicians, and opens up avenues for advancements in iPSC research and broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tsukamoto
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawasaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Mohan C. Vemuri
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akutsu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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van Rooyen D, Lerario AM, Little DW, Ullenbruch MR, Taylor MJ, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Hammer GD, Rainey WE. Chronic activation of adrenal Gq signaling induces Cyp11b2 expression in the zona fasciculata and hyperaldosteronism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 585:112176. [PMID: 38341019 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Hyperaldosteronism is often associated with inappropriate aldosterone production and aldosterone synthase (Cyp11b2) expression. Normally, Cyp11b2 expression is limited to the adrenal zona glomerulosa (ZG) and regulated by angiotensin II which signals through Gq protein-coupled receptors. As cells migrate inwards, they differentiate into 11β-hydroxylase-expressing zona fasciculata (ZF) cells lacking Cyp11b2. The mechanism causing ZG-specific aldosterone biosynthesis is still unclear. We investigated the effect of chronic Gq signaling using transgenic mice with a clozapine N-oxide (CNO)-activated human M3 muscarinic receptor (DREADD) coupled to Gq (hM3Dq) that was expressed throughout the adrenal cortex. CNO raised circulating aldosterone in the presence of a high sodium diet with greater response seen in females compared to males. Immunohistochemistry and transcriptomics indicated disrupted zonal Cyp11b2 expression while Wnt signaling remained unchanged. Chronic Gq-DREADD signaling also induced an intra-adrenal RAAS in CNO-treated mice. Chronic Gq signaling disrupted adrenal cortex zonal aldosterone production associated with ZF expression of Cyp11b2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmaré van Rooyen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Antonio M Lerario
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Little
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew R Ullenbruch
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew J Taylor
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Celso E Gomez-Sanchez
- Endocrine Section, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center and the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Gary D Hammer
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Development Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - William E Rainey
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Shi Y, Kang Q, Zhou H, Yue X, Bi Y, Luo Q. Aberrant LETM1 elevation dysregulates mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism and promotes lung metastasis in osteosarcoma. Genes Dis 2024; 11:100988. [PMID: 38292199 PMCID: PMC10825238 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a differentiation-deficient disease, and despite the unique advantages and great potential of differentiation therapy, there are only a few known differentiation inducers, and little research has been done on their targets. Cell differentiation is associated with an increase in mitochondrial content and activity. The metabolism of some tumor cells is characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation, as well as up-regulation of aerobic glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways. Leucine-containing zipper and EF-hand transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial morphology and is closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression, as well as cancer cell stemness. We found that MG63 and 143B osteosarcoma cells overexpress LETM1 and exhibit abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and function. Knockdown of LETM1 partially restored the mitochondrial structure and function, inhibited the pentose phosphate pathway, promoted oxidative phosphorylation, and led to osteogenic differentiation. It also inhibited spheroid cell formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion in an in vitro model. When LETM1 was knocked down in vivo, there was reduced tumor formation and lung metastasis. These data suggest that mitochondria are aberrant in LETM1-overexpressing osteosarcoma cells, and knockdown of LETM1 partially restores the mitochondrial structure and function, inhibits the pentose phosphate pathway, promotes oxidative phosphorylation, and increases osteogenic differentiation, thereby reducing malignant biological behavior of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Shi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Quan Kang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xiaohan Yue
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yang Bi
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
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Kanemaru K, Nagasawa K, Kunugi Y, Tanaka A, Ikeoku S, Tai Y, Harada Y, Nakamura Y. Epidermal loss of Bcl6 exacerbates MC903-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149745. [PMID: 38452514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease where Th2-type immune responses are dominant. In the lesional skin of AD, keratinocytes show differentiation defects and secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, amplifying Th2-type responses in AD. We previously reported that inducible loss of B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6), a transcription repressor and a master transcriptional regulator of follicular helper T cells and germinal center B cells, in the whole body results in upregulation of Th2-related cytokines in mouse skin. However, the role of Bcl6 in keratinocytes remains to be clarified. Here, we observed that BCL6 positively regulates the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers and plasma membrane localization of adherence junctional proteins in keratinocyte cell culture. Although keratinocyte-specific loss of Bcl6 alone did not induce AD-like skin inflammation, it aggravates MC903-induced AD-like skin inflammation in mice. In addition, Bcl6 expression is decreased in the epidermis of lesional skin from MC903-induced AD-like skin inflammation in mice. These results strongly suggest that Bcl6 downregulation in keratinocytes contributes to the development and aggravation of AD-like skin inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kanemaru
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kento Nagasawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Kunugi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Asahi Tanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ikeoku
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Tai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Immunology, Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Harada
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Immunology, Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Nakamura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Tremolanti C, Angeloni E, Da Pozzo E, Germelli L, Giacomelli C, Scalzi E, Taliani S, Da Settimo F, Mensah-Nyagan AG, Martini C, Costa B. Human oligodendrocyte-like cell differentiation is promoted by TSPO-mediated endogenous steroidogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167174. [PMID: 38631406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells that, in case of demyelination, are recruited at the lesion site to remyelinate the axons and therefore restore the transmission of nerve impulses. It has been widely documented that exogenously administered steroid molecules are potent inducers of myelination. However, little is known about how neurosteroids produced de novo by OLs can impact this process. Here, we employed a human OL precursor cell line to investigate the role of de novo neurosteroidogenesis in the regulation of OLs differentiation, paying particular attention to the 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) which controls the rate-limiting step of the neurosteroidogenic process. Our results showed that, over the time of OL maturation, the availability of cholesterol, which is the neurosteroidogenesis initial substrate, and key members of the neurosteroidogenic machinery, including TSPO, were upregulated. In addition, OLs differentiation was impaired following neurosteroidogenesis inhibition and TSPO silencing. On the contrary, TSPO pharmacological stimulation promoted neurosteroidogenic function and positively impacted differentiation. Collectively, our results suggest that de novo neurosteroidogenesis is actively involved in the autocrine and paracrine regulation of human OL differentiation. Moreover, since TSPO was able to promote OL differentiation through a positive modulation of the neurosteroid biosynthetic process, it could be exploited as a promising target to tackle demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tremolanti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elisa Angeloni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Da Pozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Germelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Eduardo Scalzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Ayikoé-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, INSERM U1119, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67 000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
| | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa. Italy.
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He L, Feng X, Hu C, Liu S, Sheng H, Cai B, Ma Y. HOXA9 gene inhibits proliferation and differentiation and promotes apoptosis of bovine preadipocytes. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:358. [PMID: 38605318 PMCID: PMC11007997 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hox gene family is an important transcription factor that regulates cell process, and plays a role in the process of adipocytes differentiation and fat deposition. Previous transcriptome sequencing studies have indicated that the Homeobox A9 gene (HOXA9) is a candidate gene for regulating the process of bovine lipid metabolism, but the function and specific mechanism of action remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of HOXA9 in the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of bovine preadipocytes through gain-of-function and lose-of-function. RESULT It found HOXA9 highly expressed in bovine adipose tissue, and its expression level changed significantly during adipocytes differentiation process. It gave a hint that HOXA9 may be involved in the process of bovine lipid metabolism. The results of HOXA9 gain-of-function experiments indicated that HOXA9 appeared to act as a negative regulator not only in the differentiation but also in the proliferation of bovine preadipocytes, which is mainly reflected that overexpression of HOXA9 down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression level of PPARγ, CEBPα and FABP4 (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression level of CDK1, CDK2, PCNA, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCND1 and CCNE2, as well as the protein expression of CDK2 also significantly decreased. The decrease of lipid droplets content was the main characteristic of the phenotype (P < 0.01), which further supported the evidence that HOXA9 was a negative regulator of preadipocytes differentiation. The decrease of cell proliferation rate and EdU positive rate, as well as the limitation of transition of preadipocytes from G0/G1 phase to S phase also provided evidence for the inhibition of proliferation. Apart from this above, we noted an interesting phenomenon that overexpression of HOXA9 showed in a significant upregulation of both mRNA and protein level of apoptosis markers, accompanied by a significant increase in cell apoptosis rate. These data led us not to refute the fact that HOXA9 played an active regulatory role in apoptosis. HOXA9 loss-of-function experiments, however, yielded the opposite results. Considering that HOXA9 acts as a transcription factor, we predicted its target genes. Dual luciferase reporter assay system indicated that overexpression of HOXA9 inhibits activity of PCNA promoter. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that HOXA9 played a role as a negative regulatory factor in the differentiation and proliferation of preadipocytes, but played a positive regulatory role in apoptosis, and it may play a regulatory role by targeting PCNA. This study provides basic data for further exploring the regulatory network of intramuscular fat deposition in bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xue Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chunli Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China.
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Tirunavalli SK, Andugulapati SB. Geneticin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the TGF-β/Smad via modulating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. Life Sci 2024:122626. [PMID: 38614295 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive condition with unknown aetiology that causes the lung parenchyma to scar incessantly, lowering the quality of life and hastening death. In this investigation, we studied the anti-fibrotic activity of Geneticin (a derivative of gentamycin) using in vitro and in vivo models. MAIN METHODS The TGF-β-mediated differentiation model was adopted to investigate (fibrotic marker's levels/expression) the anti-fibrotic activity of geneticin (GNC) in in-vitro scenarios (Ll29 and DHLF cells). In vivo, the bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model was employed by administering BLM intratracheally. Post 14 days of BLM administration, animals were treated with geneticin (6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg·kg-1) for another 14 days, and their therapeutic effect was investigated using a spectrum of techniques. KEY FINDINGS RTqPCR and western-blot results revealed that geneticin treatment significantly attenuated the TGF-β mediated fibrotic cascade of markers in both in-vitro and in-vivo models. Further, the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis model revealed, that geneticin dose-dependently reduced the BLM-induced inflammatory cell infiltrations, and thickness of the alveoli walls, improved the structural distortion of the lung, and aided in improving the survival rate of the rats. Picrosirus and Masson's trichrome staining indicated that geneticin therapy reduced collagen deposition and, as a result, lung functional characteristics were improved as assessed by flexivent. Mechanistic studies have shown that geneticin reduced fibrosis by attenuating the TGF-β/Smad through modulating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that geneticin may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Krishna Tirunavalli
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India.
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Rivera O, Sharma M, Dagar S, Shahani N, Ramĺrez-Jarquĺn UN, Crynen G, Karunadharma P, McManus F, Bonneil E, Pierre T, Subramaniam S. Rhes, a striatal enriched protein, regulates post-translational small-ubiquitin-like-modifier (SUMO) modification of nuclear proteins and alters gene expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:169. [PMID: 38589732 PMCID: PMC11001699 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Rhes (Ras homolog enriched in the striatum), a multifunctional protein that regulates striatal functions associated with motor behaviors and neurological diseases, can shuttle from cell to cell via the formation of tunneling-like nanotubes (TNTs). However, the mechanisms by which Rhes mediates diverse functions remain unclear. Rhes is a small GTPase family member which contains a unique C-terminal Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) E3-like domain that promotes SUMO post-translational modification of proteins (SUMOylation) by promoting "cross-SUMOylation" of the SUMO enzyme SUMO E1 (Aos1/Uba2) and SUMO E2 ligase (Ubc-9). Nevertheless, the identity of the SUMO substrates of Rhes remains largely unknown. Here, by combining high throughput interactome and SUMO proteomics, we report that Rhes regulates the SUMOylation of nuclear proteins that are involved in the regulation of gene expression. Rhes increased the SUMOylation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and histone 2B, while decreasing SUMOylation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (HNRNPM), protein polybromo-1 (PBRM1) and E3 SUMO-protein ligase (PIASy). We also found that Rhes itself is SUMOylated at 6 different lysine residues (K32, K110, K114, K120, K124, and K245). Furthermore, Rhes regulated the expression of genes involved in cellular morphogenesis and differentiation in the striatum, in a SUMO-dependent manner. Our findings thus provide evidence for a previously undescribed role for Rhes in regulating the SUMOylation of nuclear targets and in orchestrating striatal gene expression via SUMOylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Rivera
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Sunayana Dagar
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Neelam Shahani
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Uri Nimrod Ramĺrez-Jarquĺn
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
- National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Department of Pharmacology, Mexico, USA
| | - Gogce Crynen
- Bioinformatics and Statistics Core, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Pabalu Karunadharma
- Genomic Core, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Francis McManus
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Thibault Pierre
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Srinivasa Subramaniam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
- The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, 3009 SW Williston Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
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10
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Karkehabadi H, Rahmati A, Abbaspourrokni H, Farmany A, Najafi R, Behroozi R, Rezaei-Soufi L, Abbasi R. Effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation on the viability and differentiation of human stem cells of the apical papilla. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:263-278. [PMID: 38326543 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, regenerative endodontic treatments are gaining more and more attention, and stem cells play a significant role in these treatments. In order to enhance stem cell proliferation and differentiation, a variety of methods and materials have been used. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation on the survival and differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla. METHODS The MTT test was used to measure the cell survival of SCAPs that had been exposed to different concentrations of magnesium oxide nanoparticles after 24 and 48 h, and the concentration with the highest cell survival rate was picked for further studies. The cells were classified into four distinct groups based on their treatment: (1) control, which received no exposure, (2) exposure to magnesium oxide nanoparticles, (3) exposure to light emitting diode (LED) irradiation (635 nm, 200 mW/cm2) for 30 s, (4) exposure simultaneously with magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation. A green approach was employed to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Quantitative real time PCR was used to measure the gene expression of osteo/odontogenic markers such as BSP, DSPP, ALP and DMP1 in all four groups after treatment, and Alizarin red S staining (ARS) was used to determine the osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs by demonstrating the Matrix mineralization. RESULTS The highest viability of SCAPs was observed after 24 h in concentration 1 and 10 µg/mL and after 48 h in concentration 1 µg/mL, which were not significantly different from the control group. In both times, the survival of SCAPs decreased with increasing concentration of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs). According to the results of Real-time PCR, after 24 and 48 h, the highest differentiation of BSP, DMP1, ALP and DSPP genes was observed in the LED + MgONPs group, followed by MgONPs and then LED, and in all 3 experimental groups, it was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). Also, after 24 and 48 h, the density of ARS increased in all groups compared to the control group, and the highest density was observed in the MgONPs + LED and MgONPs groups. CONCLUSION This research concluded that exposure to SCAPs, MgONPs, and LED irradiation has a significant effect on enhancing gene expression of odontogenic/osteogenic markers and increasing matrix mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Rahmati
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Abbaspourrokni
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Medical Molecular and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Loghman Rezaei-Soufi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roshanak Abbasi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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11
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Pinto SC, Stojilković B, Zhang X, Sablowski R. Plant cell size: Links to cell cycle, differentiation and ploidy. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2024; 78:102527. [PMID: 38484440 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Cell size affects many processes, including exchange of nutrients and external signals, cell division and tissue mechanics. Across eukaryotes, cells have evolved mechanisms that assess their own size to inform processes such as cell cycle progression or gene expression. Here, we review recent progress in understanding plant cell size regulation and its implications, relating these findings to work in other eukaryotes. Highlights include use of DNA contents as reference point to control the cell cycle in shoot meristems, a size-dependent cell fate decision during stomatal development and insights into the interconnection between ploidy, cell size and cell wall mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Pinto
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Xinyu Zhang
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
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12
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Indu S, Devi AN, Sahadevan M, Sengottaiyan J, Basu A, K SR, Kumar PG. Expression profiling of stemness markers in testicular germline stem cells from neonatal and adult Swiss albino mice during their trans differentiation in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:93. [PMID: 38561834 PMCID: PMC10985951 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) were considered to be stem cells with limited potencies due to their existence in adult organisms. However, the production of spermatogonial stem cell colonies with broader differentiation capabilities in primary germ cell cultures from mice of select genetic backgrounds (C57BL6/Tg14, ddY, FVB and 129/Ola) indicated that SSCs from these strains were pluripotent. METHODS We established primary cultures of SSCs from neonatal and adult Swiss 3T3 Albino mice. Stemness of SSC colonies were evaluated by performing real-time PCR and immunofluorescence analysis for a panel of chosen stemness markers. Differentiation potentials of SSCs were examined by attempting the generation of embryoid bodies and evaluating the expression of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal markers using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Spermatogonial stem cells from neonatal and mature mice testes colonised in vitro and formed compact spermatogonial stem cell colonies in culture. The presence of stem cell markers ALPL, ITGA6 and CD9 indicated stemness in these colonies. The differentiation potential of these SSC colonies was demonstrated by their transformation into embryoid bodies upon withdrawal of growth factors from the culture medium. SSC colonies and embryoid bodies formed were evaluated using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR analysis. Embryoid body like structures derived from both neonatal and adult mouse testis were quite similar in terms of the expression of germ layer markers. CONCLUSION These results strongly suggest that SSC-derived EB-like structures could be used for further differentiation into cells of interest in cell-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivankutty Indu
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Anandavally N Devi
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Mahitha Sahadevan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Jeeva Sengottaiyan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Karyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Asmita Basu
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Karyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Shabith Raj K
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Karyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India
| | - Pradeep G Kumar
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Karyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, Kerala, India.
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13
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Samuels TJ, Gui J, Gebert D, Karam Teixeira F. Two distinct waves of transcriptome and translatome changes drive Drosophila germline stem cell differentiation. EMBO J 2024; 43:1591-1617. [PMID: 38480936 PMCID: PMC11021484 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The tight control of fate transitions during stem cell differentiation is essential for proper tissue development and maintenance. However, the challenges in studying sparsely distributed adult stem cells in a systematic manner have hindered efforts to identify how the multilayered regulation of gene expression programs orchestrates stem cell differentiation in vivo. Here, we synchronised Drosophila female germline stem cell (GSC) differentiation in vivo to perform in-depth transcriptome and translatome analyses at high temporal resolution. This characterisation revealed widespread and dynamic changes in mRNA level, promoter usage, exon inclusion, and translation efficiency. Transient expression of the master regulator, Bam, drives a first wave of expression changes, primarily modifying the cell cycle program. Surprisingly, as Bam levels recede, differentiating cells return to a remarkably stem cell-like transcription and translation program, with a few crucial changes feeding into a second phase driving terminal differentiation to form the oocyte. Altogether, these findings reveal that rather than a unidirectional accumulation of changes, the in vivo differentiation of stem cells relies on distinctly regulated and developmentally sequential waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin J Samuels
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EH, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3DY, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jinghua Gui
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EH, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Gebert
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EH, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3DY, Cambridge, UK
| | - Felipe Karam Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EH, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3DY, Cambridge, UK.
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14
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Yang DW, Kang JH, Kim MS, Kim SH. Regulatory role of N-myc downregulated genes in amelogenesis in rats. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:149-157. [PMID: 38407765 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytodifferentiation of odontogenic cells, a late stage event in odontogenesis is based on gene regulation. However, studies on the identification of the involved genes are scarce. The present study aimed to search for molecules for the cytodifferentiation of ameloblastic cells in rats. Differential display-PCR revealed a differentially expressed gene between cap/early bell stage and hard tissue formation stage in molars. This gene was identified as N-myc Downregulated Gene 1 (Ndrg1), which is the first report in tooth development. Real time PCR and western blotting confirmed that the mRNA level of Ndrg1 was higher during enamel formation than the cap stage. Ndrg1 expression was upregulated in the early bell, crown, and root stages in a time-dependent manner. These patterns of expression were similar in Ndrg2, but Ndrg3 and Ndrg4 levels did not change during the developmental stages. Immunofluorescence revealed that strong immunoreactivity against Ndrg1 were detected in differentiated ameloblasts only, not inner enamel epithelium, odontoblasts and ameloblastic cells in defected enamel regions. Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red s stains along with real time PCR, revealed that Ndrg1 and Ndrg2 were involved in cytodifferentiation and enamel matrix mineralization by selectively regulating amelogenin and ameloblastin genes in SF2 ameloblastic cells. These results suggest that Ndrg may play a crucial functional role in the cytodifferentiation of ameloblasts for amelogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Yang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hae Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kim SH, Choi HJ, Lee SM, Yoon DS, Son CN. Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteoprotegerin-Fc in MC3T3-E1 cells. J Rheum Dis 2024; 31:79-85. [PMID: 38559798 PMCID: PMC10973356 DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2023.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective We compared the osteoblastogenesis by serially administrating recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and osteoprotegerin-immunoglobulin Fc segment complex (OPG-Fc). Methods The MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cell line was differentiated for 1, 3, and 7 days with a treatment of OPG-Fc in 10~200 ng/mL concentration and the cell viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis. The level of differentiation from MC3T3-E1 cells to osteoblasts was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity. The level of runt domain-containing transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN) manifestation, involved in osteoblast differentiation, was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Results During MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, the differentiation level was high with 1-day treatment using 100 ng/mL OPG-Fc. The treatment with 50 ng/mL rhBMP-2 for 7 days, followed by 1-day treatment with 100 ng/mL OPG-Fc produced the highest differentiation level, which was approximately 5.3 times that of the control group (p<0.05). The expression of Runx2 mRNA significantly increased, reaching 2.5 times the level of the control group under the condition of 7-day treatment with rhBMP-2 and 1-day treatment with OPG-Fc (p<0.001). The expression of Runx2 protein significantly increased to approximately 5.7 times that of the control group under the condition of 7-day treatment with rhBMP-2, followed by 1-day treatment with OPG-Fc (p<0.01). The expression of OPN protein showed no change from that of the control group under various conditions of rhBMP-2 and OPG-Fc combinations. Conclusion These results imply that the treating preosteoblasts with rhBMP-2 first and then with OPG-Fc increased osteoblast differentiation efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyon Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Choi
- Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon, Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Nam Son
- Department of Rheumatology, Eulji Rheumatology Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
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16
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Tołpa B, Paja W, Trojnar E, Łach K, Gala-Błądzińska A, Kowal A, Gumbarewicz E, Frączek P, Cebulski J, Depciuch J. FT-Raman spectra in combination with machine learning and multivariate analyses as a diagnostic tool in brain tumors. Nanomedicine 2024; 57:102737. [PMID: 38341010 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2024.102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Brain tumors are one of the most dangerous, because the position of these are in the organ that governs all life processes. Moreover, a lot of brain tumor types were observed, but only one main diagnostic method was used - histopathology, for which preparation of sample was long. Consequently, a new, quicker diagnostic method is needed. In this paper, FT-Raman spectra of brain tissues were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), four different machine learning (ML) algorithms to show possibility of differentiating between glioblastoma G4 and meningiomas, as well as two different types of meningiomas (atypical and angiomatous). Obtained results showed that in meningiomas additional peak around 1503 cm-1 and higher level of amides was noticed in comparison with glioblastoma G4. In the case of meningiomas differentiation, in angiomatous meningiomas tissues lower level of lipids and polysaccharides were visible than in atypical meningiomas. Moreover, PCA analyses showed higher distinction between glioblastoma G4 and meningiomas in the FT-Raman range between 800 cm-1 and 1800 cm-1 and between two types of meningiomas in the range between 2700 cm-1 and 3000 cm-1. Decision trees showed, that the most important peaks to differentiate glioblastoma and meningiomas were at 1151 cm-1 and 2836 cm-1 while for angiomatous and atypical meningiomas - 1514 cm-1 and 2875 cm-1. Furthermore, the accuracy of obtained results for glioblastoma G4 and meningiomas was 88 %, while for meningiomas - 92 %. Consequently, obtained data showed possibility of using FT-Raman spectroscopy in diagnosis of different types of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Tołpa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Hospital No 2 in Rzeszów, Lwowska 60, 35-309 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wiesław Paja
- Institute of Computer Science, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Trojnar
- Clinical Department of Pathomorphology, Clinical Hospital No 2, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Kornelia Łach
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Kowal
- Doctoral School, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Ewelina Gumbarewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Frączek
- Department of Human Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Józef Cebulski
- Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, PL-35959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Joanna Depciuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland.
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17
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Li D, Yue Y, Feng X, Lv W, Fan Y, Sha P, Zhao T, Lin Y, Xiong X, Li J, Xiong Y. MicroRNA-542-3p targets Pten to inhibit the myoblasts proliferation but suppresses myogenic differentiation independent of targeted Pten. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:325. [PMID: 38561670 PMCID: PMC10983626 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-coding RNA is a key epigenetic regulation factor during skeletal muscle development and postnatal growth, and miR-542-3p was reported to be conserved and highly expressed in the skeletal muscle among different species. However, its exact functions in the proliferation of muscle stem cells and myogenesis remain to be determined. METHODS Transfection of proliferative and differentiated C2C12 cells used miR-542-3p mimic and inhibitor. RT-qPCR, EdU staining, immunofluorescence staining, cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), and Western blot were used to evaluate the proliferation and myogenic differentiation caused by miR-542-3p. The dual luciferase reporter analysis and rescued experiment of the target gene were used to reveal the molecular mechanism. RESULTS The data shows overexpression of miR-542-3p downregulation of mRNA and protein levels of proliferation marker genes, reduction of EdU+ cells, and cellular vitality. Additionally, knocking it down promoted the aforementioned phenotypes. For differentiation, the miR-542-3p gain-of-function reduced both mRNA and protein levels of myogenic genes, including MYOG, MYOD1, et al. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining immunized by MYHC antibody showed that the myotube number, fluorescence intensity, differentiation index, and myotube fusion index all decreased in the miR-542-3p mimic group, compared with the control group. Conversely, these phenotypes exhibited an increased trend in the miR-542-3p inhibitor group. Mechanistically, phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) was identified as the bona fide target gene of miR-542-3p by dual luciferase reporter gene assay, si-Pten combined with miR-542-3p inhibitor treatments totally rescued the promotion of proliferation by loss-function of miR-542-3p. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that miR-542-3p inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of myoblast and Pten is a dependent target gene of miR-542-3p in myoblast proliferation, but not in differentiation.
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Grants
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 31902154 the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23NSFSC1804 the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. 23ZDYF3118 the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. XM2023004 the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
- No. 2023NYXXS130 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest Minzu University
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongqi Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chongxin County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Center, Pingliang, 744200, China
| | - Weibing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yilin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peiran Sha
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Te Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianrong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Kim SH, Park KH, Lee J, Lee SH, Baek JH. The effect of Schizophyllan on the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149860. [PMID: 38604070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Schizophyllan (SPG), a β-glucan from Schizophyllum commune, is recognized for its antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, its effects on bone cells, particularly osteoclasts and osteoblasts, were examined. We demonstrated that SPG dose-dependently inhibited osteoclastogenesis and reduced gene expression associated with osteoclast differentiation. SPG also decreased bone resorption and F-actin ring formation. This inhibition could have been due to the downregulation of transcription factors c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) via the MAPKs (JNK and p38), IκBα, and PGC1β/PPARγ pathways. In coculture, SPG lowered osteoclastogenic activity in calvaria-derived osteoblasts by reducing macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression. In addition, SPG slightly enhanced osteoblast differentiation, as evidenced by increased differentiation marker gene expression and alizarin red staining. It also exhibited antiresorptive effects in a lipopolysaccharide-induced calvarial bone loss model. These results indicated a dual role of SPG in bone cell regulation by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteoblast differentiation. Thus, SPG could be a therapeutic agent for bone resorption-related diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Ho Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Ha Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, 35233, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hwa Baek
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Tian L, Wang W, Li X, Chen Y, Song Q, Yuan L, Hao T, Gu J, Dong J. Whole transcriptome scanning and validation of negatively related genes in UC-MSCs. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27996. [PMID: 38510024 PMCID: PMC10951646 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are one of the most extensively researched stem cell types due to their potential for multi-lineage differentiation, secretion of regenerative factors, modulations of immunological activities, and the release of regenerative substances and influence immunological processes. Since UC-MSCs must be cultivated on a large scale for clinical use, selecting the appropriate storing passage, such as the usage-based passage of UC-MSCs, is critical for long-term autologous or allogeneic usage. Long-term cultivation of stem cells, on the other hand, causes them to lose their pluripotent differentiation capacity. As a result, distinguishing between high and low passages of UC-MSCs and identifying the particular variations associated with stem cells and their modes of action is essential for regenerative medicine. Therefore, we investigated the biological features and transcriptional changes of UC-MSCs over passages. Methods UC-MSCs were isolated from the tissues of the human umbilical cord, and UC-MSCs from five passages (P1, P3, P5, P10 and P15) with three repetitions were compared and identified based on morphology, cell markers, differentiation capacity, and aging-related characteristics. It was previously assumed that the phenotype of cells before the P10 passage was stable, defined as early passage, and that culture could be continued until the 15th passage, defined as late passage. Next, the five passages of UC-MSCs were sequenced using high-throughput complete transcriptome sequencing. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering (FCM) and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were used to find hub genes, and gene silencing was performed to investigate the impact of missing genes on the stemness of UC-MSC cells. Results UC-MSCs of different passages displayed similar surface markers, including CD73, CD105, CD90, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. However, the proliferation time of late-phase UC-MSCs was longer than that of early-phase UC-MSCs, and the expression of the senescence-associated (SA)-β-gal staining marker was higher. At the same time, pluripotency markers (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2 and KIF4A) were down-regulated, and the multi-differentiation potential was reduced. Meanwhile, KIFC1 and UBE2C were down-regulated in late-phase UC-MSCs, which were involved in the maintenance of stemness. Conclusions KIFC1 and UBE2C were highly expressed in early-UC-MSCs and showed a downward gradient trend with cell expansion in vitro. They regulated UC-MSC proliferation, colony sphere formation, multiple differentiation, stemness maintenance, and other biological manifestations. Therefore, they are anticipated to be new biomarkers for UC-MSCs quality identification in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghan Tian
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Weibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Yunnan Research Institute for Local Plateau Agriculture and Industry, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Yunnan Research Institute for Local Plateau Agriculture and Industry, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Qian Song
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Tingting Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- Yunnan Research Institute for Local Plateau Agriculture and Industry, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiaming Gu
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, Kunming, 650118, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650118, China
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20
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Li Y, Wei L. Species and structural diversity of trees at the structural type level. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:40. [PMID: 38549102 PMCID: PMC10976781 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species and structural diversity are important for understanding the formation of forest communities, key ecological processes, and improving forest ecological functions and services, but their spatial characteristics have received little attention. Based on the spatial relationships among neighbouring trees, we proposed to divide trees within a structural unit into 15 structural types, and used the univariate distributions of the uniform angle index (W), mingling (M), and dominance (U), along with four common species diversity indices, to analyse the diversity of structural types in natural forests near the Tropic of Cancer. RESULTS Only a portion of clumped class maintained aggregation, most exhibited a random pattern. Species mixture increased exponentially across distribution classes, and abundance and richness exhibited an initial increase followed by a slight decrease. The distribution patterns of mixture classes varied from highly clustered to random, and M distributions gradually shifted from an inverted J-shaped curve to a J-shaped curve. Abundance and richness exhibited an exponential distribution, whereas the Shannon-Wiener index increased linearly. The W distribution of differentiation classes approximated a normal distribution, whereas M distributions exhibited a J shape. The U distribution of each structure type was approximately 0.2. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal the species and structural diversity characteristics of trees at the structural type level and expand our knowledge of forest biodiversity. The new method proposed here should significantly contribute to biodiversity monitoring efforts in terrestrial ecosystems, and suggests that higher standards for the simulation and reconstruction of stand structure, as well as thinning in near-natural forests, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfa Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Laibin Jinxiu Dayaoshan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi. No, Jinxiu County, 95 Gongde Road, Laibin, 545700, Guangxi, China.
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Daxue East Road 100, Xixiangtang DistrictGuangxi Province, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Liting Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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21
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Hang C, Moawad MS, Lin Z, Guo H, Xiong H, Zhang M, Lu R, Liu J, Shi D, Xie D, Liu Y, Liang D, Chen YH, Yang J. Biosafe cerium oxide nanozymes protect human pluripotent stem cells and cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:132. [PMID: 38532378 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have the highest mortality worldwide. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and their cardiomyocyte derivatives (hPSC-CMs) offer a valuable resource for disease modeling, pharmacological screening, and regenerative therapy. While most CVDs are linked to significant over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the effects of current antioxidants targeting excessive ROS are limited. Nanotechnology is a powerful tool to develop antioxidants with improved selectivity, solubility, and bioavailability to prevent or treat various diseases related to oxidative stress. Cerium oxide nanozymes (CeONZs) can effectively scavenge excessive ROS by mimicking the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. This study aimed to assess the nanotoxicity of CeONZs and their potential antioxidant benefits in stressed human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs). RESULTS CeONZs demonstrated reliable nanosafety and biocompatibility in hESCs and hESC-CMs within a broad range of concentrations. CeONZs exhibited protective effects on the cell viability of hESCs and hESC-CMs by alleviating excessive ROS-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, CeONZs protected hESC-CMs from doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity and partially ameliorated the insults from DOX in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Furthermore, during hESCs culture, CeONZs were found to reduce ROS, decrease apoptosis, and enhance cell survival without affecting their self-renewal and differentiation potential. CONCLUSIONS CeONZs displayed good safety and biocompatibility, as well as enhanced the cell viability of hESCs and hESC-CMs by shielding them from oxidative damage. These promising results suggest that CeONZs may be crucial, as a safe nanoantioxidant, to potentially improve the therapeutic efficacy of CVDs and be incorporated into regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mohamed S Moawad
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 3725005, Egypt.
| | - Zheyi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huixin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mingshuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Renhong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Duanyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Research Units of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Research Units of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Shanghai Arrhythmia Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Shanghai Frontiers Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Research Units of Origin and Regulation of Heart Rhythm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Kumar C, Roy JK. Decoding the epigenetic mechanism of mammalian sex determination: Updates, emerging hypothesis and unsolved questions. Exp Cell Res 2024:114011. [PMID: 38531506 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Sex determination embodies a dynamic and intricate developmental process wielding significant influence over the destiny of bipotential gonads, steering them towards male or female gonads. Gonadal differentiation and the postnatal manifestation of the gonadal phenotype involve a sophisticated interplay of transcription factors such as SOX9 and FOXL2. Central to this interplay are chromatin modifiers regulating the mutual antagonism during this interplay. In this review, the key findings and knowledge gaps in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA-mediated control throughout mammalian gonadal development are covered. Furthermore, it explores the role of the developing brain in playing a pivotal role in the initiation of gonadogenesis and the subsequent involvement of gonadal hormones in fine-tuning sexual differentiation. Based on promising facts, the role of the developing brain through the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis is explained and suggested as a novel hypothesis. The article also explains the potential impact of ecological factors on the human epigenome in relation to sex determination and trans-generational epigenetics in uncovering novel genes and mechanisms involved in sex determination and gonadal differentiation. We have subtly emphasized the disruptions in epigenetic regulations contributing to sexual disorders, which further allows us to raise certain questions and approaches for handling these questions, setting up the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cash Kumar
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Jagat Kumar Roy
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Tytti K, Sanna K, Carla G, Jonatan P, Kaisa R, Sari T. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel guides maturation and organization of the bilayered mammary epithelium. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6774. [PMID: 38514727 PMCID: PMC10957991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biophysical cues from the cell microenvironment are detected by mechanosensitive components at the cell surface. Such machineries convert physical information into biochemical signaling cascades within cells, subsequently leading to various cellular responses in a stimulus-dependent manner. At the surface of extracellular environment and cell cytoplasm exist several ion channel families that are activated by mechanical signals to direct intracellular events. One of such channel is formed by transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member, TRPV4 that is known to act as a mechanosensor in wide variaty of tissues and control ion-influx in a spatio-temporal way. Here we report that TRPV4 is prominently expressed in the stem/progenitor cell populations of the mammary epithelium and seems important for the lineage-specific differentiation, consequently affecting mechanical features of the mature mammary epithelium. This was evident by the lack of several markers for mature myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells in TRPV4-depleted cell lines. Interestingly, TRPV4 expression is controlled in a tension-dependent manner and it also impacts differentation process dependently on the stiffness of the microenvironment. Furthermore, such cells in a 3D compartment were disabled to maintain normal mammosphere structures and displayed abnormal lumen formation, size of the structures and disrupted cellular junctions. Mechanosensitive TRPV4 channel therefore act as critical player in the homeostasis of normal mammary epithelium through sensing the physical environment and guiding accordingly differentiation and structural organization of the bilayered mammary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kärki Tytti
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Koskimäki Sanna
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Guenther Carla
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pirhonen Jonatan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rajakylä Kaisa
- School of Social Services and Health Care, Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tojkander Sari
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Tampere Institute for Advanced Study, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Nosrati S, Gheisari M, Zare S, Dara M, Zolghadri S, Razeghian-Jahromi I. The impact of diabetic glucose concentration on viability and cardiac differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102361. [PMID: 38502970 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia may be a stumbling block for delivery of regenerative benefits of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to diabetic patients with cardiovascular diseases. Our study aims to assess the viability and cardiac differentiation potential of MSCs after being exposed to diabetic glucose concentration. METHODS MSCs were extracted from rat bone marrow. Cells were characterized based on morphology, differentiation potential, and expression of mesenchymal specific markers. MTT assay was done to evaluate the viability of MSCs after treatment with different glucose concentrations. Case group was MSCs treated with diabetic concentration of glucose versus cells treated with PBS as the control group. Growth curve and population doubling time were calculated in both groups. Expression of GATA4 and troponin, as the early and late markers during cardiac differentiation, were measured following 5-azacytidine exposure. RESULTS Proliferated cells at passage three had fibroblastic-shape, was able to differentiate into adipocytes or osteocytes, and expressed CD73 and CD90. MSCs viability was gradually decreased by increasing glucose concentration. Irrespective of nicotine concentration, three-day exposure imposed more severe detrimental effects on viability compared with one-day treatment. Proliferation rate of the MSCs was lower in the case group, and they need more time for population doubling. Expression of both cardiac markers were downregulated in the case group at day three. However, their expression became higher at day seven. CONCLUSION Diabetic glucose concentration inhibits normal proliferation and cardiac differentiation of MSCs. This effect should be considered in stem cell therapy of cardiovascular patients who are concurrently affected by hyperglycemia, a common comorbidity in such individuals. Why carry out this study? What was learned from the study? FINDINGS
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Nosrati
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Gheisari
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahintaj Dara
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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Yan D, Shi Y, Nan C, Jin Q, Zhuo Y, Huo H, Kong S, Zhao Z. Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells pretreated by monosialoteterahexosyl ganglioside alleviate intracerebral hemorrhage by down-regulating autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113960. [PMID: 38311048 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in substantial morbidity, mortality, and disability. Depleting neural cells in advanced stages of ICH poses a significant challenge to recovery. The objective of our research is to investigate the potential advantages and underlying mechanism of exosomes obtained from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) pretreated with monosialoteterahexosyl ganglioside (GM1) in the prevention of secondary brain injury (SBI) resulting from ICH. PATIENTS AND METHODS In vitro, hUMSCs were cultured and induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells after they were pretreated with 150 μg/mL GM1. The exosomes extracted from the culture medium following a 6-h pretreatment with 150 μg/mL GM1 were used as the treatment group. Striatal infusion of collagenase and hemoglobin (Hemin) was used to establish in vivo and in vitro models of ICH. RESULTS After being exposed to 150 μg/mL GM1 for 6 h, specific cells displayed typical neuron-like cell morphology and expressed neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The rate of differentiation into neuron-like cells was up to (15.9 ± 5.8) %, and the synthesis of N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAcT), which is upstream of GM1, was detected by Western blot. This study presented an increase in the synthesis of GalNAcT. Compared with the ICH group, apoptosis in the treatment group was remarkably reduced, as detected by TUNEL, and mitochondrial membrane potential was restored by JC-1. Additionally, Western blot revealed the restoration of up-regulated autophagy markers Beclin-1 and LC3 and the down-regulation of autophagy marker p62 after ICH. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that GM1 is an effective agent to induce the differentiation of hUMSCs into neuron-like cells. GM1 can potentially increase GalNAcT production through "positive feedback", which generates more GM1 and promotes the differentiation of hUMSCs. After pretreatment with GM1, exosomes derived from hUMSCs (hUMSCs-Exos) demonstrate a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting autophagy in the ICH model. This study reveals the potential mechanism by which GM1 induces differentiation of hUMSCs into neuron-like cells and confirms the therapeutic effect of hUMSCs-Exos pretreated by GM1 (GM1-Exos) on an ICH model, potentially offering a new direction for stem cell therapy in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chengrui Nan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qianxu Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yayu Zhuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haoran Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shiqi Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Zongmao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Kwak S, Song CL, Cho YS, Choi I, Byun JE, Jung H, Lee J. Txnip regulates the Oct4-mediated pluripotency circuitry via metabolic changes upon differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:142. [PMID: 38485770 PMCID: PMC10940461 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) is a stress-responsive factor regulating Trx1 for redox balance and involved in diverse cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolism. However, the biological role of Txnip function in stem cell pluripotency has yet to be investigated. Here, we reveal the novel functions of mouse Txnip in cellular reprogramming and differentiation onset by involving in glucose-mediated histone acetylation and the regulation of Oct4, which is a fundamental component of the molecular circuitry underlying pluripotency. During reprogramming or PSC differentiation process, cellular metabolic and chromatin remodeling occur in order to change its cellular fate. Txnip knockout promotes induced pluripotency but hinders initial differentiation by activating pluripotency factors and promoting glycolysis. This alteration affects the intracellular levels of acetyl-coA, a final product of enhanced glycolysis, resulting in sustained histone acetylation on active PSC gene regions. Moreover, Txnip directly interacts with Oct4, thereby repressing its activity and consequently deregulating Oct4 target gene transcriptions. Our work suggests that control of Txnip expression is crucial for cell fate transitions by modulating the entry and exit of pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojung Kwak
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Lok Song
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Sook Cho
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Byun
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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刘 娜, 张 俊, 张 樊, 吴 聪, 姜 玉. [Different concentrations of adapalene induce differentiation and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 26:282-288. [PMID: 38557381 PMCID: PMC10986378 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2310100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of different concentrations of adapalene on the morphology and functions of neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, as well as its role in inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were divided into control group, low concentration (0.1 μM and 1 μM) adapalene groups, and high concentration (10 μM) adapalene group. Time-lapse microscopy was used to observe the morphological changes of SH-SY5Y cells. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression of neuronal specific marker βIII-tubulin and mature neuronal marker neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NFH). Multi-electrode array was used to record the electrophysiological features of SH-SY5Y cells. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using a cell apoptosis detection kit. RESULTS Low concentrations of adapalene promoted the formation of neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells, with the neurites interconnected to form a network. Spontaneous discharge activity was observed in SH-SY5Y cells treated with low concentrations of adapalene. Compared to the control group, the expression of βIII-tubulin and NFH increased in the 1 μM adapalene group, while the level of cell apoptosis increased in the high concentration adapalene group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low concentrations of adapalene can induce differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells into mature functional neurons, while high concentrations of adapalene can induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- 娜娜 刘
- 儿科遗传性疾病分子诊断与研究北京市重点实验室北京100009
| | - 俊娇 张
- 儿科遗传性疾病分子诊断与研究北京市重点实验室北京100009
| | - 樊 张
- 儿科遗传性疾病分子诊断与研究北京市重点实验室北京100009
| | | | - 玉武 姜
- 儿科遗传性疾病分子诊断与研究北京市重点实验室北京100009
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Wang Z, Numada A, Wagai F, Oda Y, Ohgushi M, Maki K, Adachi T, Eiraku M. Spatial cell fate manipulation of human pluripotent stem cells by controlling the microenvironment using photocurable hydrogel. Development 2024; 151:dev201621. [PMID: 38512805 PMCID: PMC11006369 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) dynamically respond to their chemical and physical microenvironment, dictating their behavior. However, conventional in vitro studies predominantly employ plastic culture wares, which offer a simplified representation of the in vivo microenvironment. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of mechanical and topological cues in hPSC differentiation and maintenance. In this study, we cultured hPSCs on hydrogel substrates with spatially controlled stiffness. The use of culture substrates that enable precise manipulation of spatial mechanical properties holds promise for better mimicking in vivo conditions and advancing tissue engineering techniques. We designed a photocurable polyethylene glycol-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-PEG) hydrogel, allowing the spatial control of surface stiffness and geometry at a micrometer scale. This versatile hydrogel can be functionalized with various extracellular matrix proteins. Laminin 511-functionalized PVA-PEG gel effectively supports the growth and differentiation of hPSCs. Moreover, by spatially modulating the stiffness of the patterned gel, we achieved spatially selective cell differentiation, resulting in the generation of intricate patterned structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Numada
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumi Wagai
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oda
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ohgushi
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Taiji Adachi
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Eiraku
- Laboratory of Developmental Systems, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Xiao T, Eze UC, Charruyer-Reinwald A, Weisenberger T, Khalifa A, Abegaze B, Schwab GK, Elsabagh RH, Parenteau TR, Kochanowski K, Piper M, Xia Y, Cheng JB, Cho RJ, Ghadially R. Short cell cycle duration is a phenotype of human epidermal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:76. [PMID: 38475896 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03670-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A traditional view is that stem cells (SCs) divide slowly. Meanwhile, both embryonic and pluripotent SCs display a shorter cell cycle duration (CCD) in comparison to more committed progenitors (CPs). METHODS We examined the in vitro proliferation and cycling behavior of somatic adult human cells using live cell imaging of passage zero keratinocytes and single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS We found two populations of keratinocytes: those with short CCD and protracted near exponential growth, and those with long CCD and terminal differentiation. Applying the ergodic principle, the comparative numbers of cycling cells in S phase in an enriched population of SCs confirmed a shorter CCD than CPs. Further, analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing of cycling adult human keratinocyte SCs and CPs indicated a shortening of both G1 and G2M phases in the SC. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to the pervasive paradigm, SCs progress through cell cycle more quickly than more differentiated dividing CPs. Thus, somatic human adult keratinocyte SCs may divide infrequently, but divide rapidly when they divide. Additionally, it was found that SC-like proliferation persisted in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ugomma C Eze
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alex Charruyer-Reinwald
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tracy Weisenberger
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ayman Khalifa
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Brook Abegaze
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Gabrielle K Schwab
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rasha H Elsabagh
- Immunology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Karl Kochanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Merisa Piper
- Department of Plastic Surgery, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jeffrey B Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Raymond J Cho
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Ruby Ghadially
- Department of Dermatology, San Francisco Co-Director Epithelial Section Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, 1700 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Cheng M, Nie Y, Song M, Chen F, Yu Y. Forkhead box O proteins: steering the course of stem cell fate. Cell Regen 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38466341 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells are pivotal players in the intricate dance of embryonic development, tissue maintenance, and regeneration. Their behavior is delicately balanced between maintaining their pluripotency and differentiating as needed. Disruptions in this balance can lead to a spectrum of diseases, underscoring the importance of unraveling the complex molecular mechanisms that govern stem cell fate. Forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins, a family of transcription factors, are at the heart of this intricate regulation, influencing a myriad of cellular processes such as survival, metabolism, and DNA repair. Their multifaceted role in steering the destiny of stem cells is evident, as they wield influence over self-renewal, quiescence, and lineage-specific differentiation in both embryonic and adult stem cells. This review delves into the structural and regulatory intricacies of FOXO transcription factors, shedding light on their pivotal roles in shaping the fate of stem cells. By providing insights into the specific functions of FOXO in determining stem cell fate, this review aims to pave the way for targeted interventions that could modulate stem cell behavior and potentially revolutionize the treatment and prevention of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Cheng
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Nie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Song
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Liu J, Lu Y, Liu Y, Zhang W, Xian S, Wang S, Zheng Z, Lin R, Jin M, Zhang M, Qian W, Tang J, Lu B, Yang Y, Liu Z, Qu M, Ma H, Wu X, Chang Z, Zhang J, Zhang Y. A gene signature linked to fibroblast differentiation for prognostic prediction of mesothelioma. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:33. [PMID: 38462627 PMCID: PMC10926647 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant mesothelioma is a type of infrequent tumor that is substantially related to asbestos exposure and has a terrible prognosis. We tried to produce a fibroblast differentiation-related gene set for creating a novel classification and prognostic prediction model of MESO. METHOD Three databases, including NCBI-GEO, TCGA, and MET-500, separately provide single-cell RNA sequencing data, bulk RNA sequencing profiles of MESO, and RNA sequencing information on bone metastatic tumors. Dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis were leveraged to acquire fibroblast subtypes in the MESO microenvironment. The fibroblast differentiation-related genes (FDGs), which were associated with survival and subsequently utilized to generate the MESO categorization and prognostic prediction model, were selected in combination with pseudotime analysis and survival information from the TCGA database. Then, regulatory network was constructed for each MESO subtype, and candidate inhibitors were predicted. Clinical specimens were collected for further validation. RESULT A total of six fibroblast subtypes, three differentiation states, and 39 FDGs were identified. Based on the expression level of FDGs, three MESO subtypes were distinguished in the fibroblast differentiation-based classification (FDBC). In the multivariate prognostic prediction model, the risk score that was dependent on the expression level of several important FDGs, was verified to be an independently effective prognostic factor and worked well in internal cohorts. Finally, we predicted 24 potential drugs for the treatment of MESO. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining and statistical analysis provided further validation. CONCLUSION Fibroblast differentiation-related genes (FDGs), especially those in low-differentiation states, might participate in the proliferation and invasion of MESO. Hopefully, the raised clinical subtyping of MESO would provide references for clinical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, 507 Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuwei Lu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyuan Xian
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqiao Wang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zixuan Zheng
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ruoyi Lin
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Minghao Jin
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mengyi Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weijin Qian
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jieling Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bingnan Lu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zichang Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mingyu Qu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Haonan Ma
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinru Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhengyan Chang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 2699 Gaoke West Road, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Elitt CM, Ross MM, Wang J, Fahrni CJ, Rosenberg PA. Developmental regulation of zinc homeostasis in differentiating oligodendrocytes. Neurosci Lett 2024:137727. [PMID: 38467270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes develop through sequential stages and understanding pathways regulating their differentiation remains an important area of investigation. Zinc is required for the function of enzymes, proteins and transcription factors, including those important in myelination and mitosis. Our previous studies using the ratiometric zinc sensor chromis-1 demonstrated a reduction in intracellular free zinc concentrations in mature MBP + oligodendrocytes compared with earlier stages (Bourassa et al., 2018). We performed a more detailed developmental study to better understand the temporal course of zinc homeostasis across the oligodendrocyte lineage. Using chromis-1, we found a transient increase in free zinc after O4+,O1- pre-oligodendrocytes were switched from proliferation medium into terminal differentiation medium. To gather other evidence for dynamic regulation of free zinc during oligodendrocyte development, qPCR was used to evaluate mRNA expression of major zinc storage proteins metallothioneins (MTs), and metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) which controls expression of MTs. MT-1, MT-2 and MTF1 mRNAs were increased several fold in mature oligodendrocytes compared to oligodendrocytes in proliferation medium. To assess the depth of the zinc buffer, we assayed zinc release from intracellular stores using the oxidizing thiol reagent 2,2'-dithiodipyridine (DTDP). Exposure to DTDP resulted in ∼ 100 % increase in free zinc in pre-oligodendrocytes but, paradoxically more modest ∼ 60 % increase in mature oligodendrocytes despite increased expression of MTs. These results suggest that zinc homeostasis is regulated during oligodendrocyte development, that oligodendrocytes are a useful model for studying zinc homeostasis in the central nervous system, and that regulation of zinc homeostasis may be important in oligodendrocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Elitt
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Madeline M Ross
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Christoph J Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Paul A Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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Droll SH, Zhang BJ, Levine MC, Xue C, Ho PJ, Bao X. CASZ1 Is Essential for Skin Epidermal Terminal Differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00172-6. [PMID: 38458428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The barrier function of skin epidermis is crucial for our bodies to interface with the environment. Because epidermis continuously turns over throughout the lifetime, this barrier must be actively maintained by regeneration. Although several transcription factors have been established as essential activators in epidermal differentiation, it is unclear whether additional factors remain to be identified. In this study, we show that CASZ1, a multi zinc-finger transcription factor previously characterized in nonepithelial cell types, shows highest expression in skin epidermis. CASZ1 expression is upregulated during epidermal terminal differentiation. In addition, CASZ1 expression is impaired in several skin disorders with impaired barrier function, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and squamous cell carcinoma. Using transcriptome profiling coupled with RNA interference, we identified 674 differentially expressed genes with CASZ1 knockdown. Downregulated genes account for 91.2% of these differentially expressed genes and were enriched for barrier function. In organotypic epidermal regeneration, CASZ1 knockdown promoted proliferation and strongly impaired multiple terminal differentiation markers. Mechanistically, we found that CASZ1 upregulation in differentiation requires the action of both the master transcription factor, p63, and the histone acetyltransferase, p300. Taken together, our findings identify CASZ1 as an essential activator of epidermal differentiation, paving the way for future studies understanding of CASZ1 roles in skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephenie H Droll
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Benny J Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Maxwell C Levine
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Celia Xue
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Patric J Ho
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaomin Bao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA; Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Otahal A, Kramer K, Neubauer M, Gulová S, Lacza Z, Nehrer S, De Luna A. Culture of Hoffa fat pad mesenchymal stem/stromal cells on microcarrier suspension in vertical wheel bioreactor for extracellular vesicle production. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:61. [PMID: 38439108 PMCID: PMC10913578 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly employed in regenerative medicine approaches for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which are encoded in their secretome including extracellular vesicles (EVs). The Hoffa fat pad (HFP) located infrapatellarly harbours MSCs that could assist in tissue homeostasis in osteoarthritic joints. Intraarticular injection therapies based on blood products could modulate the populations of released HFP-MSC-EVs in a quantitative manner. METHODS To obtain amounts of HFP-MSC-derived EVs that allow pre-clinical evaluation, suitable EV production systems need to be developed. This work investigates the release of EVs from primary HFP-MSCs cultivated in a 3D environment using microcarrier suspension culture in a vertical wheel bioreactor in comparison to conventional 2D culture. To simulate an intraarticular blood product therapy, cultures were treated with citrate-anticoagulated platelet-rich plasma (CPRP) or hyperacute serum (hypACT) before EV collection. HFP-MSC-EVs are enriched via ultrafiltration and characterised via Western Blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis in scatter as well as fluorescence mode. EV potency was determined via RT-qPCR analysing the expression of type II and X collagen (COL2 and COL10), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in primary OA chondrocytes. RESULTS Blood product supplementation elevated HFP-MSC metabolic activity as determined via XTT assay over the course of 14 days. 3D culture resulted in a roughly 100-fold EV yield compared to 2D culture and elevated number of EVs released per cell. Total protein content correlated with the EV concentration. While typical EV marker proteins such as CD9, CD63 or Alix were detected in total protein extracts, CD9 and CD73 colocalised on individual EVs highlighting their cell origin. The type of blood product treatment did not affect the size or concentration of EVs obtained from HFP-MSCs. Assessing potency of 3D culture EVs in comparison to 2D EVs revealed superior biological activity with regard to inhibition of inflammation, inhibition of chondrocyte hypertrophy and induction of cartilage-specific ECM production. CONCLUSIONS HFP-MSCs proliferate in presence of human blood products indicating that animal serum in culture media can be avoided in the future. The culture of HFP-MSCs in the employed bioreactor was successfully used to generate quantities of EVs that could allow evaluation of HFP-MSC-EV-mediated effects in pre-clinical settings. In addition, EV potency of 3D EVs is superior to EVs obtained in conventional 2D culture flasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Otahal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria.
| | - Karina Kramer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Markus Neubauer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universitätsklinikum Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Slavomira Gulová
- Associated Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Pavel Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zsombor Lacza
- Department of Sport Physiology, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
- Inst. Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefan Nehrer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universitätsklinikum Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Andrea De Luna
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
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Polat S, Yazir Y, Duruksu G, Kiliç KC, Mert S, Gacar G, Öncel Duman B, Halbutoğullari ZS. Investigation of the differentiation potential of pericyte cells as an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152145. [PMID: 38432161 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2024.152145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with characterized by their multipotency and capacity to differentiate into various tissue cell types, have led to their incorporation in regenerative medicine research. However, the limited numbers of MSCs in the human body and their diverse differentiation capabilities in tissues highlight the need for exploring alternative regenerative cell sources. In this study, therefore, we conducted molecular level examinations to determine whether pericytes, specialized cell communities situated near blood vessels, could serve as a substitute for human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). In this context, the potential application of pericytes surrounds the vessels when MSCs are insufficient for functional purposes. METHODS The pericytes utilized in this investigation were derived from the placenta and characterized at the third passage. Similarly, the hBM-MSCs were also characterized at the third passage. The pluripotent properties of the two cell types were assessed at the gene expression level. Thereafter, both pericytes and hBM-MSCs were directed towards adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. The cells in both groups were examined on days 7, 14, and, 21 and their differentiation status was compared both immunohistochemically and through gene expression analysis. RESULTS Upon comparing the pluripotency characteristics of placental pericytes and hBM-MSCs, it was discovered that there was a substantial upregulation of the pluripotency genes FoxD3, Sox2, ZPF42, UTF1, and, Lin28 in both cell types. However, no significant expression of the genes Msx1, Nr6a1, Pdx1, and, GATA6 was observed in either cell type. It was also noted that pericytes differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic and, chondrogenic lineages similar to hBM-MSCs. DISCUSSION As a result, it has been determined that pericytes exhibit high differentiation and proliferation properties similar to those of MSCs, and therefore can be considered a suitable alternative cell source for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering research, in cases where MSCs are not available or insufficient. It is notable that pericytes have been suggested as a potential substitute in studies where MSCs are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Polat
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yusufhan Yazir
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kamil Can Kiliç
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Serap Mert
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Gacar
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Büşra Öncel Duman
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, European Vocational School, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zehra Seda Halbutoğullari
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Li X, Sun D, Wang Z, Zhao Q, Liu Y, Hou Z. Transcriptional regulatory mechanism of NR2F2 and ZNF423 in avian preadipocyte differentiation. Gene 2024; 897:148106. [PMID: 38128789 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In the poultry industry, excessive abdominal fat deposition is not conducive to meat quality. Therefore, selection for optimal fat content levels in poultry has become a major breeding goal. We previously constructed NR2F2 overexpression (NR2F2OE) and knockout (NR2F2Δ/Δ/83-125aa) cell lines using Piggybac and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, and confirmed that the transcription factor NR2F2 can significantly inhibit the differentiation of avian preadipocytes. In this study, we identified a downstream gene ZNF423 regulated by NR2F2, which is also involved in regulating avian fat deposition. First, we performed transcriptome analysis of the NR2F2-edited lines, which has been proven to be an inhibitor of avian fat deposition in our previous studies. Our findings revealed that NR2F2 affects a series of candidate regulators related to adipogenesis. Among these, we focused on ZNF423, which was significantly down-regulated in the NR2F2OE cell line and up-regulated in the NR2F2Δ/Δ/83-125aa cell line. Next, dual luciferase reporter assay results showed that the DNA-binding domain (DBDΔ72-143aa) of transcription factor NR2F2 may negatively affect the expression of downstream target gene ZNF423 by binding to its distal promoter region (-2356 to -2346). Moreover, we constructed a function analytical model and found that overexpression of ZNF423 significantly facilitated the differentiation of adipocytes in immortalized chicken preadipocytes (ICP1). Consistent with these findings, global transcriptome analysis of the ZNF423-overexpressed cell line (ZNF423OE) further demonstrated that the process of adipogenesis was significantly enriched. These results indicate that ZNF423 is a positive regulator of avian adipocyte differentiation. Overexpression of ZNF423 in the NR2F2OE cell line compensated for the inhibition of fat deposition phenotype, further suggesting that ZNF423 is a downstream target gene of NR2F2. These findings uncover a novel function of ZNF423 in avian adipocyte differentiation and analyzed the transcriptional regulation by its upstream transcription factor NR2F2. Additionally, we identified a list of functional candidate genes, providing important insights for further research on the mechanism of avian fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030801, China
| | - Qiangsen Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongtong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuocheng Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Aytaç S, Kılıç A, Criss AH, Kellen D. Retrieving effectively from source memory: Evidence for differentiation and local matching processes. Cogn Psychol 2024; 149:101617. [PMID: 38183756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2023.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The ability to distinguish between different explanations of human memory abilities continues to be the subject of many ongoing theoretical debates. These debates attempt to account for a growing corpus of empirical phenomena in item-memory judgments, which include the list strength effect, the strength-based mirror effect, and output interference. One of the main theoretical contenders is the Retrieving Effectively from Memory (REM) model. We show that REM, in its current form, has difficulties in accounting for source-memory judgments - a situation that calls for its revision. We propose an extended REM model that assumes a local-matching process for source judgments alongside source differentiation. We report a first evaluation of this model's predictions using three experiments in which we manipulated the relative source-memory strength of different lists of items. Analogous to item-memory judgments, we observed a null list strength effect and a strength-based mirror effect in the case of source memory. In a second evaluation, which relied on a novel experiment alongside two previously published datasets, we evaluated the model's predictions regarding the manifestation of output interference in item and lack of it in source memory judgments. Our results showed output interference severely affecting the accuracy of item-memory judgments but having a null or negligible impact when it comes to source-memory judgments. Altogether, these results support REM's core notion of differentiation (for both item and source information) as well as the concept of local matching proposed by the present extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Aytaç
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Aslı Kılıç
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Amy H Criss
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - David Kellen
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Wang X, Wu P, Fu Y, Yang R, Li C, Chen Y, He A, Chen X, Ma D, Ma J, Zhang T. The circular RNA expression profile of human auricle cartilage and the role of circCOL1A2 in isolated microtia. Cell Signal 2024; 115:111017. [PMID: 38123043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Microtia is one of the most common craniofacial birth defects worldwide, and its primary clinical manifestation is auricle deformity. Epigenetic factors are known to contribute to the etiology of microtia, yet the involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human auricle development and their association with microtia remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to analyze differentially expressed circRNAs and explore their functional implications in isolated microtia. By employing circRNA microarray analysis and bioinformatics approaches, we identified 340 differentially expressed circRNAs in auricle cartilage of patients with isolated microtia, comprising 152 upregulated and 188 downregulated circRNAs. A circRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed, followed by gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, we selected four significantly upregulated circRNAs from the co-expression network based on their association with cartilage development and validated their expressions in 30 isolated microtia and 30 control clinical auricle cartilage samples. Among these circRNAs, circCOL1A2, the most significantly upregulated circRNA, was selected as a representative circRNA for investigating its role in isolated microtia. Overexpression of circCOL1A2 significantly inhibited chondrocyte proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, circCOL1A2 upregulated Dermatan Sulfate Epimerase Like (DSEL) expression by sponging miR-637 through the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. Notably, the downregulation of DSEL attenuated the inhibitory effect of circCOL1A2 overexpression on cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. Collectively, these findings highlight the involvement of circCOL1A2 in the pathogenesis of isolated microtia and emphasize the potential significance of dysregulated circRNAs in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Peixuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yaoyao Fu
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Run Yang
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Chenlong Li
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Chen
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Aijuan He
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xin Chen
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China.
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Gao J, Yao M, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Liu J. Panax notoginseng saponins stimulates the differentiation and neurite development of C17.2 neural stem cells against OGD/R injuries via mTOR signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116260. [PMID: 38382327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains a major disease worldwide, and most stroke patients often suffer from serious sequelae. Endogenous neurogenesis matters in the repair and regeneration of impaired neural cells after stroke. We have previously reported in vivo that PNS could strengthen the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), modulate synaptic plasticity and protect against ischemic brain injuries in cerebral ischemia rats, which could be attributed to mTOR signaling activation. Next, to obtain further insights into the function mechanism of PNS, we evaluated the direct influence of PNS on the survival, differentiation and synaptic development of C17.2 NSCs in vitro. The oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model was established to mimic ischemic brain injuries. We found that after OGD/R injuries, PNS improved the survival of C17.2 cells. Moreover, PNS enhanced the differentiation of C17.2 cells into neurons and astrocytes, and further promoted synaptic plasticity by significantly increasing the expressions of synapse-related proteins BDNF, SYP and PSD95. Meanwhile, PNS markedly activated the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway. Notably, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin pretreatment could reverse these desirable results. In conclusion, PNS possessed neural differentiation-inducing properties in mouse C17.2 NSCs after OGD/R injuries, and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway was proved to be involved in the differentiation and synaptic development of C17.2 cells induced by PNS treatment under the in vitro ischemic condition. Our findings offer new insights into the mechanisms that PNS regulate neural plasticity and repair triggered by NSCs, and highlight the potential of mTOR signaling as a therapeutic target for neural restoration after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingjiang Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yunyao Jiang
- Institute for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
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Myburgh E, Geoghegan V, Alves-Ferreira EV, Nievas YR, Grewal JS, Brown E, McLuskey K, Mottram JC. TORC1 is an essential regulator of nutrient-controlled proliferation and differentiation in Leishmania. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1075-1105. [PMID: 38396206 PMCID: PMC10933368 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00084-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmania parasites undergo differentiation between various proliferating and non-dividing forms to adapt to changing host environments. The mechanisms that link environmental cues with the parasite's developmental changes remain elusive. Here, we report that Leishmania TORC1 is a key environmental sensor for parasite proliferation and differentiation in the sand fly-stage promastigotes and for replication of mammalian-stage amastigotes. We show that Leishmania RPTOR1, interacts with TOR1 and LST8, and identify new parasite-specific proteins that interact in this complex. We investigate TORC1 function by conditional deletion of RPTOR1, where under nutrient-rich conditions RPTOR1 depletion results in decreased protein synthesis and growth, G1 cell cycle arrest and premature differentiation from proliferative promastigotes to non-dividing mammalian-infective metacyclic forms. These parasites are unable to respond to nutrients to differentiate into proliferative retroleptomonads, which are required for their blood-meal induced amplification in sand flies and enhanced mammalian infectivity. We additionally show that RPTOR1-/- metacyclic promastigotes develop into amastigotes but do not proliferate in the mammalian host to cause pathology. RPTOR1-dependent TORC1 functionality represents a critical mechanism for driving parasite growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmarie Myburgh
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Vincent Geoghegan
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Eliza Vc Alves-Ferreira
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Y Romina Nievas
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jaspreet S Grewal
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Elaine Brown
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Karen McLuskey
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Jeremy C Mottram
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Shakarchy A, Zarfati G, Hazak A, Mealem R, Huk K, Ziv T, Avinoam O, Zaritsky A. Machine learning inference of continuous single-cell state transitions during myoblast differentiation and fusion. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:217-241. [PMID: 38238594 PMCID: PMC10912675 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells modify their internal organization during continuous state transitions, supporting functions from cell division to differentiation. However, tools to measure dynamic physiological states of individual transitioning cells are lacking. We combined live-cell imaging and machine learning to monitor ERK1/2-inhibited primary murine skeletal muscle precursor cells, that transition rapidly and robustly from proliferating myoblasts to post-mitotic myocytes and then fuse, forming multinucleated myotubes. Our models, trained using motility or actin intensity features from single-cell tracking data, effectively tracked real-time continuous differentiation, revealing that differentiation occurs 7.5-14.5 h post induction, followed by fusion ~3 h later. Co-inhibition of ERK1/2 and p38 led to differentiation without fusion. Our model inferred co-inhibition leads to terminal differentiation, indicating that p38 is specifically required for transitioning from terminal differentiation to fusion. Our model also predicted that co-inhibition leads to changes in actin dynamics. Mass spectrometry supported these in silico predictions and suggested novel fusion and maturation regulators downstream of differentiation. Collectively, this approach can be adapted to various biological processes to uncover novel links between dynamic single-cell states and their functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Shakarchy
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Giulia Zarfati
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - Adi Hazak
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - Reut Mealem
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Karina Huk
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- The Smoler Proteomics Center, Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Ori Avinoam
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 761001, Israel.
| | - Assaf Zaritsky
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
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Choudhary P, Gupta A, Gupta SK, Dwivedi S, Singh S. Comparative evaluation of divergent concoction of NGF, BDNF, EGF, and FGF growth factor's role in enhancing neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129561. [PMID: 38246449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
MSCs (Mesenchymal Stem Cells) can differentiate into various lineages, including neurons and glial cells. In the past few decades, MSCs have been well explored in the context of neuronal differentiation and have been reported to have the immense potential to form distinct kinds of neurons. The distinguishing features of MSCs make them among the most desired cell sources for stem cell therapy. This study involved the trans-differentiation of Adipose-derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs) into neurons. The protocol employs a cocktail of chemical inducers in different combinations, including Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and Nerve growth factor (NGF) Fibroblastic growth factor (FGF), in induction media. Both types have been successfully differentiated into neurons, confirmed by morphological aspects and the presence of neural-specific markers through RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) studies and immunocytochemistry assay. They have shown excellent morphology with long neurites, synaptic connections, and essential neural markers to validate their identity. The results may significantly contribute to cell replacement therapy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Princy Choudhary
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Ayushi Gupta
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Shrey Dwivedi
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India
| | - Sangeeta Singh
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj 211015, U.P., India.
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Liu W, Han J, Yang Q, Xia L, Chen C, Song J, Cai Y. Knockdown of ARHGAP24 reduces intimal hyperplasia through inhibiting the proliferation and phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells possibly by inactivating both AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101591. [PMID: 38074998 PMCID: PMC10698571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Intimal hyperplasia is one of the common pathophysiological foundations of vascular remodeling including restenosis and atherosclerosis. The Rho GTPase activating protein 24 (ARHGAP24) has been reported as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, the role of ARHGAP24 in intimal hyperplasia is unclear. Interestingly, our results showed that ARHGAP24 was significantly up-regulated in dedifferentiated VSMC in vitro and vivo, which suggested that ARHGAP24 could promote VSMC dedifferentiation and proliferation. Knockdown of ARHGAP24 effectively inhibited VSMC dedifferentiation and proliferation in the absence and present of PDGF-BB, which might inactivate both ATK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Moreover, AAV9-mediated silencing of Arhgap24 also alleviates VSMC dedifferentiation and proliferation in the wire-injured mouse femoral arteries, contributing to reducing neointima formation. AAV9-mediated overexpression of Arhgap24 exacerbates intimal hyperplasia. We demonstrate that decreased ARHGAP24 expression restrained VSMC proliferation and dedifferentiation possibly by inactivating both AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, which may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with intimal hyperplasia including restenosis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Han
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Luoxing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong Province, China
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Zhao J, Liang L, Zhang W, Liu X, Huo G, Liu X, Lv X, Zhao J. Sea buckthorn oil regulates primary myoblasts proliferation and differentiation in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:139-150. [PMID: 38153639 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the main edible part of meat products, and its development directly affects the yield and palatability of meat. Sea buckthorn oil (SBO) contains plenty of bioactive substances and has been recognized as a potential functional food product. The study aimed to explore the effects and possible mechanisms of SBO on sheep primary myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation. The results implied that SBO exhibited a pro-proliferative effect on primary myoblasts, along with up-regulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) abundances. And, SBO promoted myotube formation by increasing the expression of myogenin. Meanwhile, we found that SBO inhibited the expression of miRNA-292a. Moreover, the regulatory effect of SBO on myogenic differentiation of myoblasts was attenuated by miRNA-292a mimics. Of note, SBO activated protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and augmented glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) content, which might be attributed to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Additionally, the results were shown that SBO increased the abundance of antioxidative enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and catalase. In summary, these data suggested that SBO regulated the proliferation and myogenic differentiation of sheep primary myoblasts in vitro, which might potentiate the application of SBO in muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong, China
| | - Lin Liang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong, China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Huo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 22500, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxing Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding, Jinzhong, China.
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Perales S, Sigamani V, Rajasingh S, Gurusamy N, Bittel D, Czirok A, Radic M, Rajasingh J. scaRNA20 promotes pseudouridylatory modification of small nuclear snRNA U12 and improves cardiomyogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113961. [PMID: 38341080 PMCID: PMC10964393 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs, particularly small Cajal-body associated RNAs (scaRNAs), play a significant role in spliceosomal RNA modifications. While their involvement in ischemic myocardium regeneration is known, their role in cardiac development is unexplored. We investigated scaRNA20's role in iPSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes (iCMCs) via overexpression and knockdown assays. We measured scaRNA20-OE-iCMCs and scaRNA20-KD-iCMCs contractility using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), comparing them to control iCMCs. We explored scaRNA20's impact on alternative splicing via pseudouridylation (Ψ) of snRNA U12, analyzing its functional consequences in cardiac differentiation. scaRNA20-OE-iPSC differentiation increased beating colonies, upregulated cardiac-specific genes, activated TP53 and STAT3, and preserved contractility under hypoxia. Conversely, scaRNA20-KD-iCMCs exhibited poor differentiation and contractility. STAT3 inhibition in scaRNA20-OE-iPSCs hindered cardiac differentiation. RNA immunoprecipitation revealed increased Ψ at the 28th uridine of U12 RNA in scaRNA20-OE iCMCs. U12-KD iCMCs had reduced cardiac differentiation, which improved upon U12 RNA introduction. In summary, scaRNA20-OE in iPSCs enhances cardiomyogenesis, preserves iCMC function under hypoxia, and may have implications for ischemic myocardium regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Perales
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vinoth Sigamani
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sheeja Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Douglas Bittel
- Department of Biosciences, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Andras Czirok
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Marko Radic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Johnson Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Huang X, Ge X, Fu W, Zhang Z, Xiao K, Lv H. Effects of Novel Nanoparticulate Bioceramic Endodontic Material on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(23)00985-1. [PMID: 38431469 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of root canal filling and repair paste (nRoot BP) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). METHODS The effects of nRoot BP and iRoot BP Plus on the adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of hDPSCs were examined in vitro for 72 hours. The adhesion of cells was observed using immunofluorescence rhodamine ghost pen cyclic peptide staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell density and changes in migration area were measured under a fluorescence inverted microscope. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was performed to detect genes related to odontogenesis and osteogenesis. RESULTS Cells adhering to the surfaces of nRoot BP and iRoot BP Plus exhibited similar irregular polygonal morphologies, with cells extending irregular pseudopods to adhere to the materials. CCK-8 results indicated that the density of living cells for nRoot BP and iRoot BP Plus was lower than that of the blank control group at 3 and 5 days of culture. There was no significant difference in cell migration between the groups (P > .05). The migration ability of iRoot BP Plus and nRoot BP was similar to that of the control group. Both nRoot BP and iRoot BP Plus increased the expression of the RUNX2 gene, but there was no significant difference between the groups (P < .05). Furthermore, both nRoot BP and iRoot BP Plus downregulated the expression of the DSPP gene, with no significant difference between them (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS nRoot BP exhibited a slight inhibition of hDPSC proliferation but did not affect the adhesion and migration of hDPSCs. The impact of nRoot BP on the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs was similar to that of iRoot BP Plus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Xinting Ge
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Weihao Fu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Zonghao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Kuancheng Xiao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Hongbing Lv
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China.
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47
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Norozi S, Ghollasi M, Salimi A, Halabian R, Shahrousvad M. Mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation by ZnO nanoparticles and polyurethane bimodal foam nanocomposites. Cell Tissue Bank 2024; 25:167-185. [PMID: 37103688 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells with tissue repair capacity involve in regenerative medicine. MSCs can promote bone repair when employed with nano scaffolds/particles. Here, the MTT and Acridine Orange assay enabled the cytotoxic concentration of Zinc oxide nanoparticles and Polyurethane evaluation. Following culturing adipose tissue-derived MSCs, ADSCs' proliferation, growth, and osteogenic differentiation in the presence of PU with and without ZnO NPs is tracked by a series of biological assays, including Alkaline Phosphatase activity, Calcium deposition, alizarin red staining, RT-PCR, scanning electron microscope, and immunohistochemistry. The results showed boosted osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs in the presence of 1% PU scaffold and ZnO NPS and can thus apply as a new bone tissue engineering matrix. The expression level of Osteonectin, Osteocalcin, and Col1 increased in PU-ZnO 1% on the 7th and 14th days. There was an increase in the Runx2 gene expression on the 7th day of differentiation in PU-ZnO 1%, while it decreased on day 14th. In conclusion, Polyurethane nano scaffolds supported the MSCs' growth and rapid osteogenic differentiation. The PU-ZnO helps not only with cellular adhesion and proliferation but also with osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Norozi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mrazieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Shahrousvad
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Xu X, Song X, Chen F, Yan W, Meng Q, Liu J, Yao R, Liu Y, Dong F. Solifenacin promotes remyelination in cuprizone mouse model by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 136:102375. [PMID: 38123002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Demyelinating diseases are a type of neurological disorder characterized by the damage to the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. Promoting the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is crucial for treatment. Non-selective muscarinic receptor (MR) antagonists have been shown to improve remyelination in rodent models, although the mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we treated cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mouse model with different concentrations of Solifenacin (Sol), a selective M3 receptor antagonist, to determine the optimal concentration for promoting remyelination. Behavioral tests and Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining were used to observe the extent of remyelination, while immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression levels of myelin-related proteins, including myelin basic protein (MBP) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-α). Western blot analysis was employed to analyze the expression levels of molecules associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The results showed that Sol treatment significantly promoted myelin regeneration and OPCs differentiation in CPZ-induced demyelination mouse model. Additionally, Sol treatment inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and reversed the effects of CPZ on OPCs differentiation. In conclusion, Sol may promote the differentiation of OPCs by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, making it a potential therapeutic option for central nervous system demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Xu
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueli Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Chen
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weixing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiqi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education (Xuzhou Medical University), Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuxing Dong
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Ideno H, Nakashima K, Komatsu K, Kimura H, Shinkai Y, Tachibana M, Nifuji A. Epigenetic modifier G9a is involved in regulation of mouse tongue development. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:35-40. [PMID: 38142940 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The tongue comprises multiple tissues of different embryonic origins, including pharyngeal arch, somite, and cranial neural crest (CNC). However, its developmental regulatory mechanisms, especially those involving epigenetic modifiers, remain poorly understood. This study examined the roles of the epigenetic modifier G9a in murine tongue development. METHODS We deleted G9a using Sox 9 (SRY-related HMG-box gene 9)-Cre recombinase, which acts in tongue progenitor cells, including CNC-derived cells, to generate G9a conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted on sections prepared from tongue tissues of control and cKO mice. RESULTS Cre-dependent LacZ reporter mice, generated by crossing Rosa-LacZ mice with sox9-Cre mice, revealed Cre recombinase activity in the mucosal epithelium and tongue connective tissue of the embryonic tongue. Tongue volume was significantly reduced on embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) and postnatal day 0 (P0) in cKO mice. Histological sections showed that the lingual mucosal epithelium was thinner in cKO mice. Reduced G9a levels were accompanied by decreased levels of a G9a substrate, dimethylated lysine 9 in histone H3, in the embryonic tongue. BrdU injection at E16.5 revealed reduced numbers of BrdU-positive cells in the mucosal epithelium and underlying connective tissue at E17.5 in cKO mice, indicating suppression of cell proliferation in both tissues. Investigation of keratin 5 and 8 protein localization showed significantly suppressed expression in the lingual mucosal epithelium in cKO mice. CONCLUSIONS G9a is required for proper proliferation and differentiation of sox9-expressing tongue progenitor cells and is thereby involved in tongue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ideno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Koichiro Komatsu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shinkai
- Cellular Memory Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Tachibana
- Laboratory of Epigenome Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Nifuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan.
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50
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Voisin T, Joannes A, Morzadec C, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Naoures CL, De Latour BR, Rouze S, Jouneau S, Vernhet L. Antifibrotic effects of vitamin D3 on human lung fibroblasts derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109558. [PMID: 38185349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. Up to now, no treatment can stop the progression of IPF. Vitamin D3 (VD) reduces experimental lung fibrosis in murine models and depletion of vitamin D3 might be associated with the reduced survival of patients with IPF. In this context, we determined if VD can prevent the pro-fibrotic functions of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) isolated from patients with IPF. IPF and control HLFs were derived from surgical lung biopsies collected from patients with IPF or with primary lung cancer, respectively. VD (3-100 nM) markedly reduced the basal and PDGF-induced proliferation of HLFs. VD also altered cell cycle by increasing the percentage of IPF HLFs arrested in the G0/G1 phase, and by downregulating the expression of various cell cycle regulatory proteins. In addition, VD barely prevented the TGF-β1-induced differentiation in HLFs. At 100 nM, VD slightly reduced the expression of the pro-fibrotic marker α-smooth muscle actin, and had no effect on fibronectin and collagen-1 expression. In contrast, 100 nM VD strongly inhibited the aerobic glycolytic metabolism induced by TGF- β1. Finally, VD reduced both the secretion of lactate, the levels of lactate deshydrogenase mRNA and the activity of intracellular LDH in IPF HLFs. In conclusion, our study shows that VD reduced pro-fibrotic functions of HLFs. These findings suggest that it might be interesting to assess the potential clinical benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with IPF, especially on lung function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Voisin
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France
| | - Audrey Joannes
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France
| | - Claudie Morzadec
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France
| | - Cécile Le Naoures
- Department of pathology and cytology, Rennes University Hospital, France
| | | | - Simon Rouze
- Department of Thoracic, cardiac and vascular surgery, Rennes University Hospital, France
| | - Stéphane Jouneau
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France; Department of Respiratory Diseases, Competence Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Rennes University Hospital, France
| | - Laurent Vernhet
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, France.
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