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Kassaw A, Chekole B, Agimas MC, Azmeraw M, Beletew B, Zeleke S, Asferi WN, Demis S, Hailemeskel HS, Bayih WA, Chane ES, Kefale D, Aytenew TM. Effects of undernutrition on mortality of HIV-infected children after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29308. [PMID: 38601598 PMCID: PMC11004412 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Undernutrition is the leading cause of mortality among children infected with HIV particularly in resource-deprived settings. Despite several studies were disclosed the effect of undernutrition on mortality of children living with HIV in Ethiopia, the findings were fragmented and inconclusive. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the pooled effects of undernutrition on mortality of children infected with HIV in Ethiopia. Methods The search were performed using international online electronic data bases (MEDLINE/though PubMed, Google scholar, Hinari, Scopus and open Google). The review included only retrospective/prospective cohort studies reporting the effects of undernutrition on mortality of children infected with HIV. Heterogeneity between included studies was assessed using Cochrane Q-test and the I2 statistics. Sub-group analysis was done by study regions, sample size and publication year. Results A total of 1345 articles were identified from databases. Among these, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria and included in the study. Meta-analysis of 4 studies revealed that stunting has a significant effect on mortality of children infected with HIV (AHR: 3.36; 95 % CI: 2.95-3.77). Of 14 included studies, 6 articles indicated that wasting has a significant effect on mortality in children infected with HIV (AHR: 3.93; 95 % CI: 2.56-5.30) as compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, the pooled effect of 8 studies showed that underweight has 3.4 times hazard of death among children who lived with HIV as compared to well-nourished children. Conclusion This review revealed that undernutrition has deleterious effect on mortality of children infected with HIV/AIDS by disease progression and prone the children to serious opportunistic infections. From the study, the authors recommended that nutritional status of children on antiretroviral therapy need to be evaluated regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amare Kassaw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Chekole
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Chanie Agimas
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Molla Azmeraw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Beletew
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Shegaw Zeleke
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Worku Necho Asferi
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Demis
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Shimeles Hailemeskel
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Sisay Chane
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Demewoz Kefale
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Munye Aytenew
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Yoon D. Research review for effects of investment on polarization of wealth. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28575. [PMID: 38590859 PMCID: PMC10999931 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In South Korea, the polarization of wealth is very serious, and its pace is faster than in other countries. Recently, investments in instruments such as stocks, bitcoins and in real estate are seen as decisive factors that intensify the polarization of wealth in South Korea. The motivation for this study is to analyze effects of investment on polarization of wealth. We carried out a study focused on the impact of investments on the polarization of wealth. In this study, we analyzed the effect of investment on the polarization of wealth. We studied the effect of real estate, stocks, and bitcoin on the polarization of wealth. We conducted multiple regression analysis on the income quintile share ratio, real estate, stocks, and bitcoins and then carry out multiple regression analysis with interest rates, household debt, incomes, and price indices. In order to analyze the investment impact on the polarization of wealth, the public data (2015-2020) from the government and institutions were utilized. Results showed that real estate, stocks, and bitcoins set as investment instruments in this study did not have a significant impact on the polarization of wealth. It is because the popularity of investments in real estates, stocks, and bitcoins in South Korea began in earnest from 2020, and has actually accelerated the polarization of wealth. This study has the theoretical contribution because the impact of investments on the polarization of wealth is analyzed, and policies for economic stability are discussed and presented. In addition, a new academic contribution of this study is to analyze the investment and polarization of wealth at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghun Yoon
- Division of Economics, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 16227, South Korea
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Aslamzai M, Del D, Sajid SA. The Impact of Negative Moral Character on Health and the Role of Spirituality: A Narrative Literature Review. J Relig Health 2024; 63:1117-1153. [PMID: 38091205 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Although negative moral character is highly prevalent, it is not included in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Along with the modification of WHO ICD-11, spirituality should be acknowledged for its potetnial role in the prevention of negative moral traits. This study aimed to explore the effects of negative moral character on health and determine the role of spirituality in improving negative moral traits. This narrative literature review was conducted from 2020 to 2023 in Kabul, Afghanistan. The articles were obtained from the Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. As demonstrated in this narrative literature review, most of the relevant experimental and observational studies have found that negative moral character can have significant negative impact on overall health and well-being. Many studies have established the positive role of spirituality in improving negative moral character. These studies concluded that facilities must be available within schools, universities, and communities for everyone to gain knowledge of spirituality and improve their negative moral character. Considering the adverse impacts of negative moral character on health, the current study proposes the addition of moral disorder to the WHO International Classification of Diseases. According to this literature review, spirituality will improve negative moral character and strengthen excellent moral traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Aslamzai
- Department of Neonatology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kabul, Afghanistan.
| | - Delaqa Del
- Department of Medicine, Nangarhar Medical Faculty, Jalalabad, Afghanistan
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Harmantepe AT, Kocer B, Bayhan Z, Gonullu E, Dulger UC. The unexpected effect of parathyroid adenoma on inflammation. Updates Surg 2024; 76:589-593. [PMID: 38104303 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrinological disease that affects systemic inflammation. This study is aimed to investigate the preoperative and postoperative effect of PHPT on systemic inflammation. A total of 203 patients who were successfully operated for PHPT and 98 healthy controls were included in the study. The blood tests of the patients in the last month preoperatively and in the postoperative 6th month were compared. In addition, preoperative and postoperative tests were compared with the healthy control group. When the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and systemic inflammation index (SII) values of the patients who were operated for parathyroid adenoma were compared with the control group (p values were < 0.05, 0.01, 0.19, < 0.05), the NLR, PLR, and SII values were significantly lower in the patient group with parathyroid adenoma than in the control group. When the preoperative and postoperative 6th month NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII values of the patients were compared (p values: 0.026, 0.56, 0.023, 0.016, respectively), there was a significant increase in NLR and SII values after excision, while a significant decrease was observed in the LMR value. When the postoperative 6th month NLR, PLR, LMR, SII values were compared with the healthy control group (p values: 0.22, 0.29, 0.19, 0.29, respectively), no significant difference was observed between all values. We found that the immune system was suppressed in PHPT and this returned to normal levels after a successful surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belma Kocer
- Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Zulfu Bayhan
- Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Emre Gonullu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ugur Can Dulger
- Department of General Surgery, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
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Wang X, Zhou M, Wang X, Liu L, Zhang C. Effect of continuous renal replacement therapy on the clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in the treatment of severe pulmonary infection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27558. [PMID: 38509986 PMCID: PMC10951545 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria, and to analyze the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B. Methods Thirty-five patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the subjects. The patients were divided into the standard group (n = 20) and the non-standard group (n = 15) based on the factors affecting the compliance of polymyxin B plasma concentration. The patients received with polymyxin B and the plasma concentration was monitored. According to the monitoring results, they were divided into the standard group and the non-standard group, to analyze the influencing factors of polymyxin B on the blood concentration. Besides, the patients were then divided into the control group (n = 28) and the observation group (n = 7) according to whether the patients received CRRT treatment. Patients in the control group treated with polymyxin B alone, while patients in the observation group received with polymyxin B and CRRT. The general data of patients in the two groups were compared. The levels of plasma concentration of polymyxin B measured before the next administration (Cmin), peak plasma concentration of polymyxin B measured immediately after end of infusion (Cmax) and intermediate plasma concentration measured 6 h after administration (midpoint of the dosing interval) (C1/2t) were detected and compared between the two groups. Correlation between pharmacokinetics and efficacy was analyzed by Spearman correlation. The incidence of complications and the 28-day mortality rate of the two groups were recorded. Results The age, body mass index (BMI) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores in the non-standard group were higher than these in the standard group (p < 0.05). BMI and APACHE II scores were independent risk factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in patients with severe pulmonary infection (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in age, BMI, APACHEII score, alanine aminotransferase level, aspartate aminotransferase level, albumin level, gender and diabetes ratio between the control group and the observation group (p > 0.05). The levels of Cmin, Cmax, and C1/2t in the observation group were lower than these in the control group (p < 0.001). The response rate was 50.00% in the control group and 36.36% in the observation group (p > 0.05). The levels of Cmin, Cmax, and C1/2t in the observation group were no significant correlation with the clinical efficacy (p > 0.05), while these in the control group were positive correlation with the clinical efficacy (r = 0.485, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of skin pigmentation, nephrotoxicity and 28-day mortality between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion In patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia not receiving multidrug-resistant bacteria, the rate of achieving blood drug concentration with the usual recommended dose of polymyxin B was satisfactory. However, the proportion of patients with a 6-h plasma concentration exceeding the maximum plasma concentration was high. BMI and APACHE II scores were important factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B. In patients undergoing CRRT, the plasma concentration of polymyxin B was significantly reduced, suggesting that in patients with severe disease, plasma concentration monitoring played an important role in drug efficacy and patient safety. In patients treated with CRRT, the dose of polymyxin B may need to be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Tsega TD, Bayeh GM, Alemu KD, Asrade AA, Kebede AM, Alene T, Aynalem ZB, Adane B, Yalew M, Mehari MG, Yeshiwas AG, Dessie TM, Fenta ET, Haylu KM. The effect of parity on time to initiate complementary feeding among mother-infant pairs in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:49. [PMID: 38475809 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite strategies and recommendations for complementary feeding initiation were applied globally, mothers initiated complementary feeding to the infants on time was low. Previous works of literatures were not identified the effect of parity on time to initiate complementary feeding. Particularly, evidences regarding to this in Ethiopia is scanty. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effect of parity on time to initiate complementary feeding among mother-infants pairs in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based prospective cohort study was carried out among 732 primipara, and 1464 multipara mothers who had a live birth in Northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using Kobo collect software at the start of and on a monthly bases until the end of the follow up period. Parity as exposure variable and other confounders were analyzed using cox proportional hazard regression. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Schoenfeld residuals global test (P-value = 0.4861) was performed. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to declare statistical significance of predictors. RESULTS The overall incidence rate of initiation of complementary feeding among primipara and multipara mothers were 16.27 (95%CI: 15.04, 17.61) and 13.30 (95%CI: 12.53, 14.12) person months' observations respectively. The median time to initiate complementary feeding among primipara and multipara mothers for their infants was 5 and 6 months respectively. Primipara mothers had a 30% higher rate to initiate complementary feeding early (AHR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.17, 1.43). Age from 15 to 24 and 25-34 years (AHR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.36, 2.09; and AHR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.17, 1.81) and Birth type (twin) (AHR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.64) were statistically significant predictors for time to initiate complementary feeding. CONCLUSIONS Parity was identified as a statistically significant predictor for time to initiate complementary feeding. The incidence rate of early and late initiation of complementary feeding was higher among primipara than multipara mothers. Besides, the median time to initiate complementary feeding was earlier among primipara than multipara mothers. So, a parity based complementary feeding practice education should be advocated to tackle the gap and further reduce infants and children malnutrition. Relatively younger age and twin delivered mothers initiated complementary feeding against the recommendation. Therefore, intervention considering such statistically significant predictors could have a public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Degu Tsega
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
| | - Gashaw Melkie Bayeh
- Department of Environmental health, College of medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Kassaye Demeke Alemu
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and treatment, Amhara regional health bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abaynew Assemu Asrade
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and treatment, Amhara regional health bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Molla Kebede
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tamiru Alene
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Bezawit Adane
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Yalew
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Molla Getie Mehari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Almaw Genet Yeshiwas
- Department of Environmental health, College of medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Miretie Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Eniyew Talie Fenta
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Kefale Mitiku Haylu
- Deparment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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Lu ZJ, Shi WJ, Gao FZ, Ma DD, Zhang JG, Li SY, Long XB, Zhang QQ, Ying GG. An azole fungicide climbazole damages the gut-brain axis in the grass carp. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133463. [PMID: 38219582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Azole antifungal climbazole has frequently been detected in aquatic environments and shows various effects in fish. However, the underlying mechanism of toxicity through the gut-brain axis of climbazole is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of climbazole at environmental concentrations on the microbiota-intestine-brain axis in grass carp via histopathological observation, gene expression and biochemical analyses, and high-throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA. Results showed that exposure to 0.2 to 20 μg/L climbazole for 42 days significantly disrupted gut microbiota and caused brain neurotoxicity in grass carp. In this study, there was an alteration in the phylum and genus compositions in the gut microbiota following climbazole treatment, including reducing Fusobacteria (e.g., Cetobacterium) and increasing Actinobacteria (e.g., Nocardia). Climbazole disrupted intestinal microbial abundance, leading to increased levels of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the gut, serum, and brain. They passed through the impaired intestinal barrier into the circulation and caused the destruction of the blood-brain barrier through the gut-brain axis, allowing them into the brain. In the brain, climbazole activated the nuclear factor kappaB pathway to increase inflammation, and suppressed the E2-related factor 2 pathway to produce oxidative damage, resulting in apoptosis, which promoted neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Besides, our results suggested that this neurotoxicity was caused by the breakdown of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, mediated by reduced concentrations of dopamine, short chain fatty acids, and intestinal microbial activity induced by climbazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Lu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Jun Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang-Zhou Gao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong-Dong Ma
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Ge Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Si-Ying Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Long
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Guo F, Liu W, Yu X, Lin L, Jiang H. The Effects of Radial Cartilage Incision on the Growth of Rabbit Ear. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-023-03833-x. [PMID: 38379008 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, radial cartilage incision (first-stage) at an early age combined with free auricular composite tissue grafting (second-stage) can effectively correct the concha-type microtia with the moderate or severe folded cartilage in the middle and upper third auricle, but radial cartilage incision's effects on the growth of the ear remain to be determined. The authors aimed to evaluate the effects of radial cartilage incision in young rabbits model. METHODS Ten New Zealand white rabbits were included in our experiment. Two ears of each rabbit were divided randomly into two groups. The experimental group was operated with radial cartilage incision, and no intervention was given to the control group. The ear width, length, and perimeter were noted every two weeks. Auricular surface area was noted at 4 and 22 weeks old. The repeated measures ANOVA was used to describe ears' growth trend. A paired-sample's t test is conducted to test whether there are significant differences among the variables through the SPSS25.0 software. RESULTS The growth tendencies of the ear length, width, and perimeter were observed and analyzed. The growth curves of the experimental ears were similar to that of the control. There was no significant difference in the increased ratio of surface area among the two groups. The cartilage of the experimental ears showed no change in biomechanical properties compared to that of control group. CONCLUSION This study shows that radial cartilage incision at an early age does not influence the growth of rabbit ear length, width, perimeter, and surface area and also does not change the biomechanical properties of the cartilage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Guo
- Cosmetic injection center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100144, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuai Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100144, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100144, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100144, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyue Jiang
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100144, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Yan C, Xuan F. Paris saponin VII promotes ferroptosis to inhibit breast cancer via Nrf2/GPX4 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 697:149524. [PMID: 38252991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the malignancies threatening the woman's health. Our study aims to explore the underlying mechanism behind the anti-tumor function of Paris saponin VII (PS VII) in BC. Xenografting experiment was conducted to monitor the tumor growth. The Ki67 and 4-HNE expression were analyzed via immunohistochemical assay. After different treatments, the cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration capacity of BC cells were measured by the CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays, respectively. The ratio of GSH/GSSG was measured by the GSH/GSSG ratio detection assay kit. The lipid ROS and Fe2+ levels were quantified by flow cytometry analysis. The expressions of TFR1, ACSL4, Nrf2, and GPX4 were measured via western blotting. Compared with the Ctrl group, the tumor volumes, and Ki67 expression were markedly reduced in PS VII groups, and the BC cell viability was decreased by PS VII treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The colony numbers, invasive cells, and migration rates were also significantly decreased by PS VII treatment. Then, the Nrf2 as well as GPX4 expressions were decreased and TFR1 expression was increased by PS VII treatment in vitro and in vivo, while there was no difference in ACSL4 expression between Ctrl and PS VII groups. Moreover, the above effects of PS VII could not be observed in GPX4 knockdown cells. PS VII can promote ferroptosis to inhibit BC via the Nrf2/GPX4 axis, which innovatively suggests the pro-ferroptosis effect and therapeutic potential of PS VII in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medical Center, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, China.
| | - Fei Xuan
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medical Center, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, China.
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Chai XY, Bao XY, Dai Y, Dai XX, Zhang Y, Yang YL. Experience of humanistic nursing in hemodialysis nursing for patients with diabetic kidney disease. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:186-195. [PMID: 38464378 PMCID: PMC10921157 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent complication of diabetes that often requires hemodialysis for treatment. In the field of nursing, there is a growing recognition of the importance of humanistic care, which focuses on the holistic needs of patients, including their emotional, psychological, and social well-being. However, the application of humanistic nursing in the context of hemodialysis for DKD patients remains relatively unexplored. AIM To explore the experience of humanistic nursing in hemodialysis nursing for DKD patients. METHODS Ninety-six DKD patients treated with hemodialysis from March 2020 to June 2022 were included in the study and divided into the control cluster (48 cases) and the study cluster (48 cases) according to different nursing methods; the control cluster was given routine nursing and the study cluster was given humanized nursing. The variances of negative emotion mark, blood glucose, renal function, the incidence of complications, life mark and nursing satisfaction before and after nur-sing were contrasted between the two clusters. RESULTS No significant difference in negative emotion markers between the two clusters were observed before nursing (P > 0.05), and the negative emotion markers of the two clusters decreased after nursing. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale markers were lower in the study cluster than the control cluster. The healing rate of patients in the study cluster was significantly higher than the control cluster (97.92% vs 85.42%, P < 0.05). Blood glucose parameters were not significantly different between the groups prior to nursing (P > 0.05). However, after nursing, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (SCr) levels in the study cluster were lower than those in the control cluster (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of complications was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control cluster (6.25% vs 20.83%, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the life markers between the two clusters before nursing. While the life markers increased after nursing for both groups, the 36-item health scale markers in the study cluster were higher than those within the control cluster (P < 0.05). Finally, the nursing satisfaction rate was 93.75% in the study cluster, compared to 75% in the control cluster (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In hemodialysis for DKD patients, the implementation of humanistic nursing achieved ideal results, effectively reducing patients' psychological negative emotion markers so that they can actively cooperate with the diagnosis and nursing, facilitate the control of blood glucose and the maintenance of residual renal function, reduce the occurrence of complications, and finally enhance the life quality and nursing satisfaction of patients. It is worthy of being widely popularized and applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Chai
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Bao
- Department of Hemodialysis, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Ling Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Chen J, Tang Y, Lin Z, Tao Z, Deng H. Effect and safety posterior scleral reinforcement on controlling myopia in children: a meta-analysis. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:8. [PMID: 38319543 PMCID: PMC10847067 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-02929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) on the control of pediatric myopia. Electronic databases were systematically searched. METHODS Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of outcomes were calculated. Eight studies with 357 patients with pediatric myopia were included. The SMD for the increase in mean axial length (AL) in the PSR and control group was - 1.19 (95% CI - 1.71, - 0.68). RESULTS The SMD for decrease of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) LogMAR in the PSR and control group was 0.85 (95% CI 0.28, 1.43). The SMD for change in intraocular pressure (IOP) at the time of surgery and at the end of the follow-up period in the PSR group was - 0.01 (95% CI - 0.48, 0.47). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicates that PSR surgery may be an effective therapeutic strategy to control the progression of myopia in childhood with acceptable adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Jinan University, No. 18 Zetian Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihong Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhengyang Tao
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Jinan University, No. 18 Zetian Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwei Deng
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Jinan University, No. 18 Zetian Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China.
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Fu J, Li H, Pan Z, Wu C, Li Y, Wang G, Dai J, Zhao L. Surgical treatment of primary cardiac tumors in children. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 72:112-120. [PMID: 37515628 PMCID: PMC10805930 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-023-01958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Summarizing the treatment experience of primary cardiac tumors in children. METHODS The date of 24 children with primary cardiac tumors who underwent surgery in our department from July 2003 to September 2022 was collected and analyzed treatment efficacy. RESULTS All patients completed the surgery successfully, including 21 cases of complete tumor resection, 2 cases of partial tumor resection, and 1 case of tumor biopsy. The location: 5 cases in the right atrium, 5 cases in the right ventricle, 6 cases in the left atrium, 6 cases in the left ventricle, 1 case in the left, right ventricle and ventricular septum, and 1 case in the ventricular septum. 23 cases were benign: 11 cases of myxoma, 7 cases of fibroma, 3 cases of rhabdomyoma, 1 case of infantile capillary hemangioma, and 1 case of lipoma. There was 1 case of borderline or malignant tumor. 23 patients were discharged successfully, 1 patient died of cardiac failure on the first day after operation. Follow-up was done from 5 months to 19 years and 2 months, 2 cases were lost to follow-up, and 1 case died of cardiac failure in the second year after operation due to severe mitral regurgitation. There was 1 case of tumor biopsy with space-occupying lesion gradually shrinking during follow-up. The prognosis of another 19 children with complete or partial tumor resection was good. There was no recurrence, enlargement, or reoperation of the tumor during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Primary cardiac tumors in children are mostly benign. Surgery is effective, but the timing of surgery depends on the patient's condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - HongBo Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - ZhengXia Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - YongGang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - JiangTao Dai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China
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Carré J, Herzog B, Reil D, Schneider C, Pflüger M, Löbel M, Herzog M. [Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with head and neck cancer in Brandenburg and Berlin]. HNO 2024; 72:90-101. [PMID: 38117331 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on potential limitations to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with head and neck tumours has not yet been adequately investigated. There are contradictory data on this subject. Data from larger patient collectives do not exist for Germany so far. OBJECTIVE The aim of the survey was to clarify in a large cohort whether the COVID-19 pandemic had an influence on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with head and neck tumours. METHODS A retrospective data analysis of the reporting data of the Clinical and Epidemiological Cancer Registry of Brandenburg and Berlin (Klinisch-epidemiologischen Krebsregisters Brandenburg-Berlin, KKRBB) of 4831 cases with head and neck tumours from 2018 to 2020 was performed. The period before April 01, 2020, was evaluated as a prepandemic cohort and compared with the cases of the pandemic cohort from April 1, 2020, until December 31, 2020, in terms of patient-related baseline data, tumour location, tumour stage, tumour board and treatments administered. RESULTS No differences were observed between the prepandemic and pandemic cohorts with regard to patient-related baseline data, tumour localisation and tumour stage. Likewise, no temporal delay in diagnosis, tumour board and treatment was evident during the pandemic period. On the contrary, the time interval between diagnosis and start of therapy was shortened by an average of 2.7 days in the pandemic phase. Tumours with T4 stage were more frequently treated surgically during the pandemic compared to the period before (20.8% vs. 29.6%), whereas primary radio(chemo)therapy decreased during the pandemic (53.3% vs. 40.4%). For all other tumour stages and entities, there were no differences in treatment. CONCLUSION Contrary to initial speculation that the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to a decrease in tumour cases, larger tumour stages at initial presentation and a delay in diagnosis and treatment, the cohort studied for Brandenburg and Berlin showed neither a delay in tumour treatment nor an increase in tumour size and stage at initial presentation. The treatments performed, however, were subject to a change in favour of surgery and it remains to be seen whether this trend will be maintained in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Carré
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum, Thiemstr. 111, 03048, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Beatrice Herzog
- Klinisch-epidemiologisches Krebsregister Brandenburg-Berlin gGmbH, Dreifertstr. 12, 03044, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Daniela Reil
- Klinisch-epidemiologisches Krebsregister Brandenburg-Berlin gGmbH, Dreifertstr. 12, 03044, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Constanze Schneider
- Klinisch-epidemiologisches Krebsregister Brandenburg-Berlin gGmbH, Dreifertstr. 12, 03044, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Maren Pflüger
- Klinisch-epidemiologisches Krebsregister Brandenburg-Berlin gGmbH, Dreifertstr. 12, 03044, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Madlen Löbel
- Interdisziplinäre Studienzentrale des Carl-Thiem-Klinikums, Thiemstr. 111, 03048, Cottbus, Deutschland
| | - Michael Herzog
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum, Thiemstr. 111, 03048, Cottbus, Deutschland.
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 01620, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
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Xiang YC, Zhang XL, Wang ZW. The effect of tumor budding on patients with gastric cancer. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:1157-1158. [PMID: 37977925 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Mastothyroid Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Kaiser U, Vehling-Kaiser U, Hoffmann A, Fiedler M, Hofbauer A, Rechenmacher M, Benning A, Koller M, Kaiser F. The complex intervention day hospice - a quality-assured study on the implementation, realization, and benefits with model character for Germany (IMPULS) using the example of "Day hospice Adiuvantes". BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:18. [PMID: 38229069 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, a conclusive experience on the uniform implementation and benefits of day hospice structures and interventions is lacking in Germany. The following questions should be clarified: (1) Which structural conditions and interventional measures should be established in day hospices from the point of view of patients, relatives, and specialist staff?; (2) Are the planned structures or interventions feasible and implementable under real conditions and accepted by patients, relatives, and staff?; (3) How can a final implementation and intervention catalog for day hospices be designed?; (4) Is this final catalog of services feasible, reasonable, economical, and effective under everyday conditions in day hospices? METHODS We planned to perform a multistage investigation, guided by the Medical Research Council Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions. In Stage 1, an initial theoretical construct on structures and interventions will be established through an extensive literature and guideline review on day hospices and through qualitative interviews. In a nominal group process, we will create a catalog of offers. In Stage 2, feasibility testing is conducted in a single-day hospice under real-life conditions using quantitative quality indicators and qualitative interviews. Structures and interventions can be adapted here if necessary. In a second nominal group process, a final structure and offer catalog is created, which is then implemented in Stage 3 in the day hospice under investigation and evaluated under real daily conditions through a process and effectiveness test. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative quality indicators will be used and a comparative cohort of patients who are not cared for in the day hospice - but in the same network structure (oncology-palliative care network Lower Bavaria) - is examined. DISCUSSION Finally, the initial statements on the reasonable and realizable structures or interventions in day hospices and their benefits in daily real-life conditions as well as possible optimization processes shall be made. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was retrospectively registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID DRKS00031613, registration date April 04, 2023) and the display portal of the Center for Clinical Trials of the University Hospital Regensburg (Z-2022-1734-6, registration date July 01, 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kaiser
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Oncology-Palliative Care Network Landshut, Landshut, Germany
| | | | | | - Moritz Fiedler
- Oncology-Palliative Care Network Landshut, Landshut, Germany
| | | | - Michael Rechenmacher
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Palliative Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne Benning
- Center for Clinical Studies, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Koller
- Center for Clinical Studies, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kaiser
- Oncology-Palliative Care Network Landshut, Landshut, Germany.
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Wang X, Huang J, Lu J, Li X, Tang H, Shao P. Risperidone plasma level, and its correlation with CYP2D6 gene polymorphism, clinical response and side effects in chronic schizophrenia patients. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38200532 PMCID: PMC10782740 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the influence of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on risperidone metabolism, thereby affecting risperidone's effects and safeties in patients with chronic schizophrenia. METHODS Sixty-nine subjects with chronic schizophrenia treated with risperidone were recruited. CYP2D6 genotypes was determined using targeted sequencing and translated into phenotype using activity system. Risperidone plasma concentrations were measured using HPLC. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) were used to evaluate the existence and severity of psychiatric symptoms, Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS) and Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) for neurological side effects. Metabolic and endocrine status assess were also included. RESULTS The plasma drug concentrations varied hugely among individuals. Intermediate metabolizer (IM) group had higher plasma levels of RIP and dose corrected RIP concentration, RIP/9-OH-RIP ratio and C/D ratio than normal metabolizer (NM) group (p < 0.01). There was no statistic difference between responders and non-responders in dose-adjusted plasma concentrations and ratios of RIP/9-OH-RIP and C/D. The occurrence of EPS was related to active moiety levels in 4th week (p < 0.05). The prolactin (PRL) levels in two follow-ups were both significantly higher than baseline (p < 0.01). PRL change from baseline to week 4 and week 8 were both positively associated with active moiety concentration detected in week 4 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The risperidone plasma levels have great inter- and intraindividual variations, and are associated with the CYP2D6 phenotypes, as well as the changes in serum prolactin in patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- The Third People's Hospital of Jiangyin City, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- People's Hospital of Dali Prefecture, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Ping Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Janssen E, Philippens N, Kremers S, Crutzen R. Outcomes of the combined lifestyle intervention CooL during COVID-19: a descriptive case series study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:40. [PMID: 38166961 PMCID: PMC10762946 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this nationwide study was to investigate changes in outcomes between baseline and eight months of participation regarding anthropometrics, control and support, physical activity, diet attentiveness, perceived fitness, sleep, and stress of participants in Coaching on Lifestyle (CooL), a Combined Lifestyle Intervention (CLI). Since the study took place when the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, we defined a subobjective, i.e., to address changes in intervention outcomes over time while participants were exposed to pandemic-related restrictions and uncertainties. METHODS Data were collected from November 2018 until October 2021 at different locations across the Netherlands from 1824 participating adults, meeting the CLI inclusion criteria. We collected a broad set of data on anthropometrics (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference), control and support (self-mastery, social support), physical activity (sedentary time on least/most active days, physical active minutes), diet attentiveness (attentiveness to meal composition, awareness to amounts of food and attentiveness to consuming), alcohol consumption, smoking, perceived fitness (perceived health, fitness when waking, fitness during daytime, impact daily stress), sleep and stress. RESULTS All outcomes showed improvements after eight months compared to baseline except for social support and smoking. Large effect sizes were found on weight (0.57), waist circumference (0.50) and perceived health (0.50). Behaviour patterns showed small to large effect sizes, with the largest effect sizes on diet attentiveness (i.e., attentiveness to meal composition (0.43), awareness to amounts of food (0.58) and attentiveness to consuming (0.39)). The outcomes of participants pre COVID-19 versus during COVID-19 showed differences on self-mastery (p = 0.01), sedentary time (all underlying constructs p < 0.02), perceived fitness (all underlying constructs p < 0.02) and stress (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results show that small changes in multiple behaviours go along with a large positive change in perceived health and health-related outcomes in line with the lifestyle coaching principles. In addition, participating in CooL may have protected against engaging in unhealthier behaviour during the pandemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION As the CLI is considered usual health care that does not fall within the scope of the Dutch Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act, this study was exempt from trial registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Janssen
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nicole Philippens
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stef Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Care & Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Lin ZP, Huang DB, Zou XG, Chen Y, Li XQ, Zhang J. Percutaneous microwave ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for serum tumor markers and prognostics of middle-late primary hepatic carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:2783-2791. [PMID: 38222024 PMCID: PMC10784823 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i12.2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) has an insidious onset and is usually diagnosed in the middle and late stages. Although transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the preferred option for treating middle- and advanced-stage PHC, it has limited efficacy in killing tumor cells and poor long-term efficacy. TACE plus percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) is more effective than interventional therapy alone and can improve survival time. However, there are few reports on the effects of TACE and PMCT on serum marker levels and the prognosis of patients with advanced PHC. AIM To investigate the effect of PMCT + TACE on serum tumor markers and the prognosis of middle-late PHC. METHODS This retrospective study included 150 patients with middle-late PHC admitted to Zhongshan People's Hospital between March 2018 and February 2021. Patients were divided into a single group (treated with TACE, n = 75) and a combined group (treated with TACE + PMCT, n = 75). Before and after treatment, the clinical efficacy and serum tumor marker levels [carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] of both groups were observed. The 1-year survival rates and prognostic factors of the two groups were analyzed. RESULTS The combined group had 21 and 35 cases of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), respectively. The single group had 13 and 25 cases of CR and PR, respectively. After 4 wk of treatment, the serum CA19-9, CEA, and AFP levels in the single and combined groups decreased, with the decrease in the combined group being more significant (P < 0.05). The 1-year survival rate of the combined group (80.00%) was higher than that of the single group (60.00%) (P < 0.05). The average survival time within 1 year in the combined group was 299.38 ± 61.13 d, longer than that in the single group (214.41 ± 72.97 d, P < 0.05). COX analysis revealed that tumor diameter, tumor number, and the treatment method were prognostic factors for patients with middle-late PHC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION TACE + PMCT is effective in treating patients with mid-late PHC. It reduces the levels of tumor markers, prolongs survival, and improves prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Lin
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da-Bei Huang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xu-Gong Zou
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong Province, China
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AlQahtani FA, Kuriadom ST, Jaber M, Rama Varma S, AlShanably A, Bishawi K. Nutritional state of orthognathic surgery patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 124:101549. [PMID: 37422263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Is to systematically review the available evidence of the patient's nutritional state before and after orthognathic surgery METHODS: The protocol to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration No. CRD42020177156). RESULTS The search strategy yielded a total of 43 articles from all databases. Of the 43 articles, 13 were excluded after an examination of the titles and abstracts, and full-text articles of the remaining 30 studies were reviewed independently for eligibility. Of these 30 studies, 23 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, a total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria and were processed for critical review CONCLUSION: Patient's body weight and body mass index (BMI) decreases after orthognathic surgery. No significant changes in body fat percentage were observed. The estimated blood loss and the need for blood transfusion increased. No significant changes were observed in hemoglobin levels, lymphocyte counts, total cholesterol levels, and cholinesterase levels between the pre-operative and postoperative periods. Increments in serum albumin levels and total protein counts were observed after orthognathic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Thomas Kuriadom
- Associate Professor, College of Dentistry, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Jaber
- Professor, College of Dentistry, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sudhir Rama Varma
- Assistant Professor, College of Dentistry, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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20
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Yu M, Ma Y, Xu Y, Bai J, Lu Y, Han F, Gao X. Orthodontic appliances for the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 72:101855. [PMID: 37820534 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to preliminarily investigate the efficacy of different orthodontic appliances for the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Electronic databases were systematically searched. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials with patients <18 y treated with either mandibular advancement appliance (MAA), rapid maxillary expansion (RME), or myofunctional therapy (MFT) were included. A network meta-analysis using multivariate random effects was conducted to estimate pooled differences using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as the main outcome. Eleven studies (595 patients) were included in the analysis. Compared with control, MAA was associated with significant reductions in AHI of -2.18/h (95%CI -3.48 to -0.89, p = 0.001). Combined treatment of RME + adenotonsillectomy (AT) and RME + MAA showed a significant decrease in AHI, with -5.13/h (95%CI -7.50 to -2.76, p < 0.0001) and -3.79 (95%CI -5.21 to -2.37, p < 0.0001), respectively. MFT was associated with a -2.45/h (95%CI -4.76 to -0.14, p = 0.038) decrease in AHI. However, RME alone was not associated with significant AHI reduction (0.02, 95%CI -1.72 to 1.75, p = 0.985). The heterogeneity of the network meta-analysis was I2 = 32.6%. Limited evidence indicated that MAA (alone or combined with RME) and RME + AT were associated with benefits for pediatric patients with OSA. This study could not find convincing evidence of a significant benefit of other orthodontic appliances over control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Center for Oral Therapy of Sleep Apnea, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; National Center for Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Center for Oral Therapy of Sleep Apnea, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; National Center for Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Jingxuan Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Center for Oral Therapy of Sleep Apnea, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; National Center for Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Center for Oral Therapy of Sleep Apnea, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; National Center for Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Fang Han
- Sleep Division, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, PR China.
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Center for Oral Therapy of Sleep Apnea, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China; National Center for Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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Angst F, Benz T, Lehmann S, Sándor PS, Wagner S. Effects of Inpatient Rehabilitation in Leg Lymphedema: A Naturalistic Prospective Cohort Study With Intra-individual Control of Effects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2023; 104:2035-2042. [PMID: 37329968 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify therapy-attributable effects of a comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation program for lower limb lymphedema (LLL) and to compare the levels of health-related quality of life (HRQL) to population-based norms. DESIGN Naturalistic prospective cohort study with intra-individual control of effects. SETTING Rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS Patients with LLL (N=67; 46 women). INTERVENTIONS Comprehensive, multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation with 45-60 hours of therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Short Form 36 (SF-36) for HRQL, lymphedema-specific Freiburg Quality of Life Assessment for lymphatic disorders, Short Version (FLQA-lk), knee-specific Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADL), and Symptom Checklist-90Standard (SCL-90S). Observed pre/post rehabilitation effects were individually corrected by subtracting the home waiting-time effects and expressed as standardized effect sizes (ESs) and standardized response means (SRMs). Score differences to norms were quantified by standardized mean differences (SMDs). RESULTS Participants were on average aged 60.5 years, not yet obese, and had 3 comorbidities (n=67). The greatest improvement was in HRQL on the FLQA-lk with ES=0.767/SRM=0.718, followed by improvements in pain and function with ES/SRM=0.430-0.495 on the SF-36, FLQA-lk, and KOS-ADL (all P<.001). Vitality, mental health, emotional well-being, and interpersonal sensitivity improved most by ES/SRM=0.341-0.456 on all 4 measures (all P≤.003). Post rehabilitation scores were significantly higher than population norms on SF-36 bodily pain (SMD=1.140), vitality (SMD=0.886), mental health (SMD=0.815), and general health (SMD=0.444) (all P<.001), and comparable on the other scales. CONCLUSIONS Those affected by LLL stages II and III benefited substantially from the intervention, attaining equal or higher levels of HRQL than expected compared with the general population norms. Multidisciplinary, inpatient rehabilitation should be recommended for LLL management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Angst
- Research Department, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach, ZURZACH Care Group, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Benz
- Research Department, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach, ZURZACH Care Group, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland; ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Lehmann
- Research Department, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach, ZURZACH Care Group, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
| | - Peter S Sándor
- Research Department, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach, ZURZACH Care Group, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Wagner
- Department of Angiology, Rehaklinik Bad Zurzach, ZURZACH Care Group, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
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B M, N S, Patel UY, Gnanadesigan E. Data on self-esteem among adolescents in India. Bioinformation 2023; 19:1086-1089. [PMID: 38046513 PMCID: PMC10692985 DOI: 10.6026/973206300191086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A person's total perception of his or her value or worth is referred to as self-esteem. It may serve as a proxy for how much a person "values, approves of, appreciates, prizes, or likes [him or herself]". The study's major goals were to assess adolescents' levels of self-esteem and examine the impact assertiveness training had on those adolescents' self-esteem. The research design selected for the study was pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test research design". Anon-probability convenience sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 60 adolescents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was the study's primary instrument, a 10-item questionnaire that a person fills out and scores on a 0-3 scale, containing both positive and negative items, is used to measure one's degree of self-esteem. In this case, questions 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 had lower scores than questions 1,3,4,7 and 10. The Likert scale looks like this: Strongly disagree, strongly agree, agree, and disagree. The mean Self-Esteem score prior to the test was 11.33 with a standard deviation of 1.28, whereas the mean Self-Esteem score after the test was 21.16 with a standard deviation of 1.94. The mean difference of 9.83 is significant at 0.001 levels. The 't' value of 33.4 was higher than the table value. This study provides evidence of adolescents' self-esteem has been improved through assertiveness training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi B
- Department of Paediatric Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Sivasubramanian N
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Urviben Yogeshkumar Patel
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
| | - Ekambaram Gnanadesigan
- Department of Physiology, Nootan Medical College and Research Centre, Sankalchand Patel University,Visnagar, Gujarat - 384315, India
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Viel T, Cocca M, Manfra L, Caramiello D, Libralato G, Zupo V, Costantini M. Effects of biodegradable-based microplastics in Paracentrotus lividus Lmk embryos: Morphological and gene expression analysis. Environ Pollut 2023; 334:122129. [PMID: 37429489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a remarkable environmental issue. In fact, plastic is widespread in the lifetime and serious environmental problems are caused by the improper management of plastic end of life, being plastic litter detected in any environment. Efforts are put to implement the development of sustainable and circular materials. In this scenario, biodegradable polymers, BPs, are promising materials if correctly applied and managed at the end of life to minimize environmental problems. However, a lack of data on BPs fate and toxicity on marine organisms, limits their applicability. In this research, the impact of microplastics obtained from BPs, BMPs, were analyzed on Paracentrotus lividus. Microplastics were produced from five biodegradable polyesters at laboratory scale by milling the pristine polymers, under cryogenic conditions. Morphological analysis of P. lividus embryos exposed to polycaprolactone (PCL), polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA) showed their delay and malformations, which at molecular level are due to variation in expression levels of eighty-seven genes involved in various cellular processes, such as skeletogenesis, differentiation and development, stress, and detoxification response. Exposure to poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) microplastics showed no detectable effects on P. lividus embryos. These findings contribute with important data on the effect of BPs on the physiology of marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Viel
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, n.55, 80133, Napoli, Italy; Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegri, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Cocca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Via Campi Flegri, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Loredana Manfra
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, n.55, 80133, Napoli, Italy; Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Caramiello
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Animal Conservation and Public Engagement, Villa Comunale, 1, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, n.55, 80133, Napoli, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, Via F. Buonocore, 42, 80077, Ischia, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, n.55, 80133, Napoli, Italy
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Zhang D, Gu M. Effect of supplementation with long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on body composition in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2068-2069. [PMID: 37690216 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.
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25
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Wu P, Zheng J, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qiu L. Effects of different insecticides on transcripts of key genes in CncC pathway and detoxification genes in Helicoverpa armigera. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 195:105541. [PMID: 37666612 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The CncC pathway regulates the expression of multiple detoxification genes and contributes to the detoxification and antioxidation in insects. Many studies have focused on the impacts of plant allelochemicals on the CncC pathway, whereas studies on the effects of pesticides on key genes involved in this pathway are very limited. In this study, the effects of different types of commonly used insecticides on the transcripts of CncC, Keap1, and Maf and multiple detoxification genes of Helicoverpa armigera were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that 8 insecticides (bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinosad, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr, tolfenpyrad, and thiacloprid) significantly induced the expression of CncC and 4 insecticides (cypermethrin, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, and indoxacarb) suppressed the expression of Keap1 both at 24 h and 48 h; meanwhile, the expression levels of Maf were induced by 5 insecticides (fenvalerate, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, lufenuron, and tolfenpyrad) at 24 h or 48 h. Multiple detoxification genes, especially cytochrome P450s genes, showed different up-regulation after bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, indoxacarb, and spinosad treatment for 48 h. Our results suggest that the CncC pathway and detoxification genes can be activated by different insecticides in H. armigera. These results establish a foundation for further studies on the relationship between the CncC pathway and the detoxification genes in H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhuo Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li K, Zhong W, Li P, Ren J, Jiang K, Wu W. Recent advances in lignin antioxidant: Antioxidant mechanism, evaluation methods, influence factors and various applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:125992. [PMID: 37544567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a by-product of processing lignocellulosic materials, has a polyphenolic structure and can be used as an antioxidant directly or synergistically with synthetic types of antioxidants, leading to different applications. Its antioxidant mechanism is mainly related to the production of ROS, but the details need to be further investigated. The antioxidant property of lignin is mainly related to the content of phenolic hydroxyl group, but methoxy, purity will also have an effect on it. In addition, different methods to detect the antioxidant properties of lignin have different advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, the antioxidant mechanism of lignin, the methods to determine the antioxidant activity and the progress of its application in various fields are reviewed. In addition, the current research on the antioxidant properties of lignin and the hot directions are provided, and an outlook on the research into the antioxidant properties of lignin is provided to broaden its potential application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongyan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Penghui Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianpeng Ren
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kangjie Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Susanto M, Pangihutan Siahaan AM, Wirjomartani BA, Setiawan H, Aryanti C, Michael. The neuroprotective effect of statin in traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. World Neurosurg X 2023; 19:100211. [PMID: 37251243 PMCID: PMC10220252 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2023.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent encouraging pharmaceutical and technical breakthroughs in neurosurgical critical care, traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related mortality and morbidity remain substantial clinical issues. Medication of statins was revealed to enhance outcomes following TBI in animal research. In addition to their main role of decreasing serum cholesterol, statins decrease inflammation and enhance cerebral blood flow. However, research on the efficacy of statins in TBI is still limited. This systematic review was conducted to determine the efficacy of statins in enhancing the clinical outcomes of TBI individuals, and specifically investigate the optimal dose and form of statins. The databases of PubMed, DOAJ, EBSCO, and Cochrane were extensively researched. The date of publication within the last fifteen years was the inclusion criterion. Meta-analyses, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials were prioritized forms of research publications. Ambiguous remarks, irrelevant correlations to the main issue, or a focus on disorders other than TBI were the exclusion criteria. Thirteen research were included in this study. Simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin were the main form of statins discussed in this study. Enhancement of the Glasgow Coma Scale, survival rates, hospital length of stay, and cognitive outcomes were revealed in this study. This study suggests either simvastatin 40 mg, atorvastatin 20 mg, or rosuvastatin 20 mg for 10 days as the optimal therapeutic forms and doses to be applied in the management of TBI. Pre-TBI statin use was linked to lower risk of mortality in TBI individuals compared to nonusers, whereas statin discontinuation was linked to an increase in mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Susanto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Hendy Setiawan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - Citra Aryanti
- Department of Surgery, University of Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Michael
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Goh JK, Koh L. Evaluating treatment options for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetol Int 2023; 14:224-242. [PMID: 37397902 PMCID: PMC10307756 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus. To date, there is no systematic review on all the available drug treatments for CAN in diabetic patients, except for one review focusing on aldose reductase inhibitors. Objective To evaluate available drug treatment options for CAN in diabetic patients. Methods A systematic review was conducted with a search of CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed and Scopus from database inception till 14th May 2022. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of diabetic patients with CAN that investigated the effect of treatment on blood pressure, heart rate variability, heart rate or QT interval were included. Results Thirteen RCTs with a total of 724 diabetic patients with CAN were selected. There was a significant improvement in the autonomic indices of diabetic patients with CAN given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) for 24 weeks (p<0.05) to two years (p<0.001), angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) for one year (p<0.05), single dose of beta blocker (BB) (p<0.05), omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for three months (p<0.05), alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) for four months (p < 0.05) to six months (p=0.048), vitamin B12 in combination with ALA, acetyl L‑carnitine (ALC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) for one year (p=0.001) and near significant improvement in the autonomic indices of diabetic patients with CAN given vitamin E for four months (p = 0.05) compared to the control group. However, there was no significant improvement in the autonomic indices of patients given vitamin B12 monotherapy (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusion ACEI, ARB, BB, ALA, omega-3 PUFAs, vitamin E, vitamin B12 in combination with ALA, ALC and SOD could be effective treatment options for CAN, while vitamin B12 monotherapy might be unlikely to be recommended for the treatment of CAN due to its lack of efficacy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-023-00629-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine KaiLi Goh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117559 Singapore
| | - Leroy Koh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117559 Singapore
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B M, Patani J, Ekambaram G, P P. Effect of Allium sativum consumption for breast feeding among postnatal Indian mothers. Bioinformation 2023; 19:698-702. [PMID: 37885786 PMCID: PMC10598363 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is a unique form of nutrition for babies since it provides all of the essential nutrients for growth and development. Breastfeeding may also play a role in decreasing postpartum depression, and reduced the risk of breast and ovarian cancer in future. Garlic has been used as a galactogogue in India since many years. The study's major goal was to determine the effect of garlic consumption in promotion of breast feeding among the postnatal mothers in Nootan General Hospital Visnagar, India. The study employed a pre-experimental one-group pre and post-test research design, with the sample drawn via non-probability convenience sampling. The baseline preform and the 12-point modified adequacy of breast feeding checklist were used to collect data. The mean pre-test score was 3.33, and the mean post-test score was 8.33 in this study's data analysis. 5.47 was the average difference. The post-test mean was lower than the pre-test mean, indicating that garlic preparation consumption promotes breastfeeding among postnatal mothers. The pre-test stress score had a standard deviation of 2.56, while the post-test stress score had a standard deviation of 2.57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi B
- />Department of Pediatric nursing, Nootan College of Nursing, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar-384315, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasaben Patani
- />Department of Community Medicine, Nootan Medical College and Research Centre, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar-384315, Gujarat, India
| | - Gnanadesigan Ekambaram
- />Department of Physiology, Nootan Medical College and Research Centre, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar-384315, Gujarat, India
| | - Padmavathi P
- />Department of Biochemistry, ACS Medical College and Hospital, DR MGR Education and Research institute University, Chennai-600077,Tamil Nadu, India
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Kleebayoon A, Wiwanitkit V. COVID-19 vaccination status and related process of care outcomes. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 144:109262. [PMID: 37276804 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkit
- Chandigarh University, Punjab, India; Joesph Ayobabalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria
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Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. COVID-19 vaccination and diabetic ketoacidosis. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:560-564. [PMID: 37273244 PMCID: PMC10236999 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is urgently required to fight the pandemic due to its high transmission rate and quick dissemination. There have been numerous reports on the side effects of the COVID-19 immu-nization, with a focus on its negative effects. Clinical endocrinology is extremely interested in the endocrine issue that arises after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. As was already mentioned, after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, many clinical problems could occur. Additionally, there are some compelling reports on diabetes. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, a patient experienced hyperosmolar hyperglycemia state, a case of newly-onset type 2 diabetes. There has also been information on a potential connection between the COVID-19 vaccine and diabetic ketoacidosis. Common symptoms include thirst, polydipsia, polyuria, palpitations, a lack of appetite, and weariness. In extremely rare clinical circumstances, a COVID-19 vaccine recipient may develop diabetes complications such as hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. In these circumstances, routine clinical care has a successful track record. It is advised to give vaccine recipients who are vulnerable to problems, such as those with type 1 diabetes as an underlying illness, extra attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beuy Joob
- Academic Center, Sanitation1 Medical Academic Center, Bangkok 1033300, Thailand
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Liu D, Jin TY, Li W, Chen L, Xing D. Effect of high-flow nasal cannula on patients' recovery after inhalation general anesthesia. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:687-692. [PMID: 37250577 PMCID: PMC10214796 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.3.6638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and Oxygen Nebuliser mask (ONM) on patients recovering from inhalation anesthesia. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 128 patients after inhalation of general anesthesia in the recovery room of the Anesthesiology Department of The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 2019 to September 2021. All patients received the same anesthesia induction and analgesia methods, inhalation anesthesia or intravenous-inhalation anesthesia maintenance, recovered spontaneous breathing and removed endotracheal intubation after surgery, then were divided into HFNC group and ONM group for oxygen therapy. HFNC setting mode: flow rate: 20-60 L/minutes, humidification temperature: 37°C, the oxygen concentration was adjusted to maintain finger pulse oxygen saturation SPO2>90%; ONM group, the oxygen flow rate was adjusted to maintain finger pulse oxygen saturation SPO2>90%. All patients in the two groups were compared immediately after they entered the recovery room for 0 minutes,, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes,, including tidal volume, blood gas, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score and time from sedation to awakening. Results The changes in tidal volume, oxygenation index and RASS score over time in the HFNC group were higher than those in the ONM group (p<0.05), and the awakening time in the HFNC group was faster than that in the ONM group (p<0.01), with significant statistical differences. Conclusions Compared with ONM, HFNC can shorten postoperative recovery time, reduce the incidence of agitation and improve lung function and oxygenation state during recovery from anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Dong Liu, Department of Anesthesiology, Baoding No.1 Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Teng-yu Jin
- Teng-yu Jin, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, P.R.China
| | - Wei Li
- Wei Li, Department of Anesthesiology, Longyao county hospital, Xingtai 055350, Hebei, China
| | - Li Chen
- Li Chen, Department of General Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 of Jiankang Road, Chang’an District, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Dong Xing Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 of Jiankang Road, Chang’an District, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
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Stock A, Murray CC, Gregr EJ, Steenbeek J, Woodburn E, Micheli F, Christensen V, Chan KMA. Exploring multiple stressor effects with Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace: Research designs, modeling techniques, and future directions. Sci Total Environ 2023; 869:161719. [PMID: 36693571 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the cumulative effects of multiple stressors is a research priority in environmental science. Ecological models are a key component of tackling this challenge because they can simulate interactions between the components of an ecosystem. Here, we ask, how has the popular modeling platform Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) been used to model human impacts related to climate change, land and sea use, pollution, and invasive species? We conducted a literature review encompassing 166 studies covering stressors other than fishing mostly in aquatic ecosystems. The most modeled stressors were physical climate change (60 studies), species introductions (22), habitat loss (21), and eutrophication (20), using a range of modeling techniques. Despite this comprehensive coverage, we identified four gaps that must be filled to harness the potential of EwE for studying multiple stressor effects. First, only 12% of studies investigated three or more stressors, with most studies focusing on single stressors. Furthermore, many studies modeled only one of many pathways through which each stressor is known to affect ecosystems. Second, various methods have been applied to define environmental response functions representing the effects of single stressors on species groups. These functions can have a large effect on the simulated ecological changes, but best practices for deriving them are yet to emerge. Third, human dimensions of environmental change - except for fisheries - were rarely considered. Fourth, only 3% of studies used statistical research designs that allow attribution of simulated ecosystem changes to stressors' direct effects and interactions, such as factorial (computational) experiments. None made full use of the statistical possibilities that arise when simulations can be repeated many times with controlled changes to the inputs. We argue that all four gaps are feasibly filled by integrating ecological modeling with advances in other subfields of environmental science and in computational statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stock
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada.
| | - C C Murray
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, 9860 West Saanich Road, Sidney, BC V8L 5T5, Canada
| | - E J Gregr
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada; SciTech Environmental Consulting, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Steenbeek
- Ecopath International Initiative (EII) Research Association, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Woodburn
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - F Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station, Oceans Department, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA; Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - V Christensen
- Ecopath International Initiative (EII) Research Association, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K M A Chan
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada; Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Ezeonwu BU, Okike CO, Adeniran KA, Omoyibo EE, Onyeka-Okite E, Opara HI, Ajanwenyi Joseph UC, Uwadia OM, Okolo AA. Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Utilization of Paediatric Health Services at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:292-297. [PMID: 37017690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Corona virus disease was declared a global pandemic in March 2020 and it precipitated unprecedented and devastating crisis on non-COVID hospital visits in almost all the countries within the globe, with a downward slide in the number of paediatric consultations and emergency admissions. Thus, we assessed the utilization of services offered in the department of Paediatrics and the observed mortality rates in comparison to similar non-pandemic period. METHODS This study was carried out in the department of Pediatrics, Federal Medical Center Asaba. All the admissions at the children's ward and emergency, then visits at clinics and the immunization center were reviewed using a consecutive sampling method from April 2019 to September 2019 (pre COVID-19) and April 2020 to September 2020 (during COVID-19 pandemic). RESULTS The total number of vaccines given in the immunization clinic was higher during the pre-COVID-19 period, so also the number of clinic visits. There was a decline in admission by 68.2% from the pre-COVID period to the pandemic period and this decline was across all age groups and gender. Also, a 60.8% increase in mortality was observed during the COVID-19 period and mortality pattern showed no gender difference across both study periods. CONCLUSION There was a decline in the utilization of health services at the Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Center Asaba, during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a rise in mortality, despite the fact that all the units of the department were fully operational within the period of pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- B U Ezeonwu
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - C O Okike
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - K A Adeniran
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - E E Omoyibo
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - E Onyeka-Okite
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - H I Opara
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | | | - O M Uwadia
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
| | - A A Okolo
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria
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Rabiu AB, El-Nafaty AU, Bako B, Yahaya MD. Effect of Frequency of Antenatal Care Contacts on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Low-Risk Pregnancies at Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:305-311. [PMID: 37018012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of antenatal care (ANC) contacts for low-risk pregnancies has been a subject of debate. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of frequency of ANC contacts on pregnancy outcomes amongst low-risk pregnancies and the reasons for the low antenatal visits at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional study of 510 low-risk pregnant women. They were divided into two groups; group I consisted of 255 women that had eight or more ANC contacts with at least five contacts in 3rd trimester, and group II consisted of 255 women that had seven or fewer ANC visits. Socio-demographic characteristics, haemoglobin levels at delivery, mode of delivery, maternal satisfaction, and birth outcomes were compared between the two groups. Reasons for the low antenatal visits were also documented. RESULTS The prevalence of anemia was higher in group II compared to group I {29.4% versus 18.8% with OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.19-2.72)} while caesarean section rate was higher in group I compared to group II {16.9% versus 9.4% with OR=1.96 (95% CI: 1.11-3.48)}. There was no statistically significant difference in the fetal outcome between the two groups. Women with eight or more ANC contact were more satisfied with the ANC than those with fewer visits (OR=2.20, 95%CI 1.52-6.24). Late booking and facility-based lapses were mainly responsible for the fewer contacts. CONCLUSION Having eight or more ANC contacts is associated with decreased maternal anaemia, better maternal satisfaction, and increased risk of caesarean delivery compared to women that have fewer ANC contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Rabiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - A U El-Nafaty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - B Bako
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - M D Yahaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe State, Nigeria
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Checchi F. Inferring the impact of humanitarian responses on population mortality: methodological problems and proposals. Confl Health 2023; 17:16. [PMID: 36998020 PMCID: PMC10061806 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing excess population mortality caused by crises due to armed conflict and natural disasters is an existential aim of humanitarian assistance, but the extent to which these deaths are averted in different humanitarian responses is mostly unknown. This information gap arguably weakens governance and accountability. This paper considers methodological challenges involved in making inferences about humanitarian assistance's effect on excess mortality, and outlines proposed approaches. Three possible measurement questions, each of which contributes some inferential evidence, are presented: (1) whether mortality has remained within an acceptable range during the crisis (for which different direct estimation options are presented); (2) whether the humanitarian response is sufficiently appropriate and performant to avert excess mortality (a type of contribution analysis requiring in-depth audits of the design of humanitarian services and of their actual availability, coverage and quality); and (3) the actual extent to which humanitarian assistance has reduced excess deaths (potentially the most complex question to answer, requiring application of causal thinking and careful specification of the exposure, and for which either quasi-experimental statistical modelling approaches or a combination of verbal and social autopsy methods are proposed). The paper concludes by considering possible 'packages' of the above methods that could be implemented at different stages of a humanitarian response, and calls for investment in improved methods and actual measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Checchi
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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Millimouno TM, Dioubaté N, Niane H, Diallo MC, Maomou C, Sy T, Diallo IS, Semaan A, Delvaux T, Beňová L, Delamou A. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and neonatal health services in three referral hospitals in Guinea: an interrupted time-series analysis. Reprod Health 2023; 20:50. [PMID: 36966343 PMCID: PMC10039677 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-023-01599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited evidence on the COVID-19 health-related effect from front-line health provision settings. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine maternal and neonatal health services in three referral hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted an observational study using aggregate monthly maternal and neonatal health services routine data for two years (March 2019-February 2021) in three referral hospitals including two maternities: Hôpital National Ignace Deen (HNID) in Conakry and Hôpital Regional de Mamou (HRM) in Mamou and one neonatology ward: Institut de Nutrition et de Santé de l'Enfant (INSE) in Conakry. We compared indicators of health service utilisation, provision and health outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic periods. An interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) was performed to assess the relationship between changes in maternal and neonatal health indicators and COVID-19 through cross-correlation. RESULTS During COVID-19, the mean monthly number (MMN) of deliveries decreased significantly in HNID (p = 0.039) and slightly increased in HRM. In the two maternities, the change in the MMN of deliveries were significantly associated with COVID-19. The ITSA confirmed the association between the increase in the MMN of deliveries and COVID-19 in HRM (bootstrapped F-value = 1.46, 95%CI [0.036-8.047], p < 0.01). We observed an increasing trend in obstetric complications in HNID, while the trend declined in HRM. The MMN of maternal deaths increased significantly (p = 0.011) in HNID, while it slightly increased in HRM. In INSE, the MMN of neonatal admissions significantly declined (p < 0.001) and this decline was associated with COVID-19. The MMN of neonatal deaths significantly decreased (p = 0.009) in INSE and this decrease was related to COVID-19. CONCLUSION The pandemic negatively affected the maternal and neonatal care provision, health service utilisation and health outcomes in two referral hospitals located in Conakry, the COVID-19 most-affected region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamba Mina Millimouno
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah, Guinea.
- Centre d'Excellence d'Afrique pour la Prévention et le Contrôle des Maladies Transmissibles (CEA-PCMT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea.
| | - Nafissatou Dioubaté
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah, Guinea
| | - Harissatou Niane
- Institut de Nutrition et de Santé de l'Enfant, Hôpital National Donka, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Cécé Maomou
- Service de Maternité de l'Hôpital Régional de Mamou, Mamou, Guinea
| | - Telly Sy
- Service de Maternité de l'Hôpital National Ignace Deen, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Ibrahima Sory Diallo
- Institut de Nutrition et de Santé de l'Enfant, Hôpital National Donka, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Aline Semaan
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thérèse Delvaux
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lenka Beňová
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Delamou
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah, Guinea
- Centre d'Excellence d'Afrique pour la Prévention et le Contrôle des Maladies Transmissibles (CEA-PCMT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
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R D, S M, R K, I S, S K, Aa M, G S. Effect of TeleYoga before COVID-19 and during pandemic: A Narrative Review. Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov 2023:RAAIDD-EPUB-129731. [PMID: 36815650 DOI: 10.2174/2772434418666230223104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yoga plays a beneficial adjunctive role in various disorders due to its physiological and psychological benefits. COVID-19 pandemic led to a paradigm shift in delivery of health interventions from on-site to online/ tele-intervention mode. Focus shifted to tele-yoga as a reasonable and feasible alternative to in-person yoga. Studies have evaluated its effect among patients suffering from various disorders, their care givers, healthcare workers, and the general public. We have assessed the effect of tele-Yoga, including its appropriateness, acceptability, and benefits, via this narrative review. METHODS We searched PubMed data base using predefined keywords. Inclusion criteria included controlled trials and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) which are completed and published in English language up to February 2022 with tele-yoga/online yoga as part of intervention. Exclusion criteria included articles in other language or articles whose full text is unavailable . RESULTS After removing duplications and reviewing articles based on title, abstracts, and available full texts, seven studies with 391 participants were included. Majority of the trials took place in United States, with United Kingdom, Canada, and India following closely behind. Yoga can be safely administered via various online /tele interventions in both diseased and healthy individuls. Tele yoga or modules incorporating tele-yoga has been shown to improve symptoms like dyspnea ,psychiatric/psychological burden including stress,anxiety and depression levels and may promote positive effects like spirituality. CONCLUSION Tele-yoga is feasible and beneficial in healthy and diseased individuals. Larger well-designed RCTs comparing in-person yoga with tele-yoga are needed to ascertain their full benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dua R
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India
| | - Malik S
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India
| | - Kumar R
- Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India
| | - Sharma I
- Department of Theology, DSVV, Haridwar, India
| | - Kumar S
- Department of Yogic Science, DSVV, Haridwar, India
| | - Mirza Aa
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India
| | - Sindhwani G
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India
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Bandorski D, Bogossian H, Ghofrani HA, Zarse M, Allendörfer J, Höltgen R. Analysis of the effect of cortisone on the QT interval. J Electrocardiol 2023; 78:44-48. [PMID: 36758497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac death caused by malignant arrhythmias is very prevalent. Prolongation of the QT interval is a relevant aspect in arrhythmia mechanisms. Prior studies have revealed that the QTc interval could be shortened by cortisone. Moreover, in an animal model of long QT syndrome, cortisone treatment shortens the ventricular action potential duration. The present study investigated the effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) on the QTc interval in cardiovascularly healthy humans. METHODS Patients who had just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis receiving MPS therapy were analysed prospectively. Demographic data, laboratory values, anti-arrhythmic medication and baseline and follow-up ECGs were extracted from the patients' medical records. RESULTS Seventy-eight patients were included. The mean ± standard deviation age was 47 ± 15 years. The values of the electrolytes were normal. All patients were treated with MPS for 3 or 5 days. The heart rate increased at the beginning of MPS therapy and decreased during the subsequent period. ECG measurements showed that the QTc interval was prolonged at the beginning of MPS therapy and shortened over the course of treatment. The longest QTc intervals were obtained by calculation with Bazett's formula. CONCLUSIONS In humans, cortisone shortens the QTc interval over time. The analysis indicates a cumulative effect of cortisone that lasts longer. The results of our pilot study reveal that cortisone might be added to therapeutic strategies in patients with long QT syndromes. Further clinical studies have to be carried out to analyze potential clinical options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Bandorski
- Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University Campus Hamburg, Lohmühlenstraße 5/Haus P, Hamburg 20099, Germany; Neurological Clinic Bad Salzhausen, Am Hasensprung 6, Nidda 63667, Germany.
| | - Harilaos Bogossian
- School of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Giessen, Klinikstraße 33, Giessen 35392, Germany.
| | - Markus Zarse
- School of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Jens Allendörfer
- Neurological Clinic Bad Salzhausen, Am Hasensprung 6, Nidda 63667, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Höltgen
- Klinikum Westmünsterland, St. Agnes-Hospital Bocholt Rhede, Medical Clinic, Cardiology/Electrophysiology, Barloer Weg 125, Bocholt 46397, Germany
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Li T, Yan J, Ren Q, Hu J, Wang F, Liu X. Efficacy and Safety of Lumbar Dynamic Stabilization Device Coflex for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 2023; 170:7-20. [PMID: 36481444 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate evidence for the comparison of lumbar dynamic stabilization device Coflex (Surgalign, Deerfield, IL) with posterior lumbar fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis). METHODS Relational databases were searched to October 2022. The main outcome measures included operation time, Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), total complications, and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration). RESULTS A total of 26 studies were included. The main results of this meta-analysis showed lumbar dynamic stabilization device Coflex had shorter operation time (mean difference [MD] -50.77 min, 95% CI -57.24 to -44.30, P < 0.00001), less intraoperative blood loss (MD -122.21 mL, 95% CI -129.68 to -94.74, P < 0.00001), and shorter hospital stays (MD -3.21 days, 95% CI -4.04 to -2.37, P < 0.00001). What's more, the JOA score and ODI score were higher in the Coflex group during early follow-up. Yet, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups with the extension of follow-up time. Moreover, the Coflex group had a lower VAS score than fusion treatment (P < 0.00001). Finally, the Coflex group had lower total complications rate (P = 0.03), lower ASD rate (P = 0.001), and higher range of motion (P < 0.00001), but there was no significant difference in reoperation rate and internal fixation problems rate. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that lumbar dynamic stabilization device Coflex is superior to posterior lumbar fusion in early follow-up. However, considering that the dynamic stabilization device group also has its limitations, these findings need to be further verified by multicenter, double-blind, and large-sample randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China; Department of Postgraduate, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingxin Yan
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qiuyu Ren
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China; Department of Postgraduate, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xilin Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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Peng RQ, Xu BS, Liu YY, Yang QQ, Pan QZ, Zhang X. [Single-center study of different treatment for advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma patients]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:74-81. [PMID: 36709123 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20210507-00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different medical treatment in advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective clinical study. Fifty-five advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma patients treated in Sun-Yat Sen University Cancer Center from January 2005 to August 2020 were enrolled. There were 34 patients who received first-line doxorubicin-based chemotherapy (doxorubicin group), 12 patients received first-line doxorubicin or liposome doxorubicin plus paclitaxel or albumin bound paclitaxel chemotherapy (combination therapy group), and 4 patients received first-line paclitaxel-based treatment (paclitaxel group). There were 6 patients who received anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy, another 2 patients received anti-PD-1 antibody plus anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy plus targeted therapy included 5 cases of first-line therapy and 3 cases of second-line therapy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by RECIST 1.1 standard. The adverse reactions were evaluated by CTCAE4.0 standard. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was evaluated with Log rank test. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: There were 18 patients achieved partial response (PR) in 34 patients in the doxorubicin group, median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.5 months, and median overall survival (mOS) was 15 months. Four patients achieved PR in 12 patients in the combination therapy group, mPFS and mOS were 4 months and 19 months. Two patients achieved PR in 4 patients in the paclitaxel group, mPFS and mOS were 3 months and 9 months. However, only 1 in 6 patients achieved PR for anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy, mPFS and mOS were 3 months and 16 months. Two patients who received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy acquired PR for 17 months and more than 16 months. Median PFS (7.5 months) were longer in those with primary liver, lung and spleen angiosarcoma than in those with other primary site (3.0 months, P=0.028). The mOS (20 months) was longer in females than that in males (12 months, P=0.045). Primary tumor site, sex, age and treatment were not independent prognostic factors for angiosarcoma patients (P>0.05). Grade 3-4 cardiac toxicity was found in 2 patients in the combination therapy group. Conclusions: Doxorubicin-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy are the most important treatment for advanced angiosarcoma. Potential efficacy for targeted therapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy are showed in some patients with long duration of response and moderate adverse event.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Q Peng
- Department of Biotherapy/Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - B S Xu
- Department of Biotherapy/Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y Y Liu
- Department of Biotherapy/Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Q Q Yang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Q Z Pan
- Department of Biotherapy/Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy/Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Bartholomew DC, Nwaigwe CC, Orumie UC, Nwafor GO. Intervention Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination in Nigeria: The Naive Solution Versus Interrupted Time Series. Ann Data Sci 2023:1-26. [PMID: 38625335 PMCID: PMC9851118 DOI: 10.1007/s40745-023-00462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an intervention analysis approach was applied to daily cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria in order to evaluate the utilization and effect of the COVID-19 vaccine administered in the country. Data on the daily report of COVID-19 cases in Nigeria were collected and subjected to two models: the naïve solution and the interrupted time series (the intervention model). Based on the Alkaike Information Criterion (AIC), sigma2, and log likelihood values, the interrupted time series model outperformed the Naïve solution model. ARIMA (4, 1, 4) with exogenous variables was identified as the best model. It was observed that the intervention (vaccination) was not significant at the 5% level of significance in reducing the number of daily COVID-19 cases in Nigeria since the start of the vaccination on March 5, 2021, until March 28, 2022. Also, the ARIMA (4, 1, 4) forecasts indicated that there will be surge in the number of daily COVID-19 cases in Nigeria between January and April 2023. As a result, we recommend strict adherence to COVID-19 protocols as well as further vaccination and sensitization programs to educate people on the importance of vaccine uptake and avoid Corona virus spread in the year 2023 and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ukamaka Cynthia Orumie
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria
| | - Godwin Onyeka Nwafor
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
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Zheng Y, Emam M, Lu D, Tian M, Wang K, Peng X. Analysis of the effect of temperature on tuberculosis incidence by distributed lag non-linear model in Kashgar city, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:11530-11541. [PMID: 36094714 PMCID: PMC9466343 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of temperature on tuberculosis (TB) incidence using the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) from 2017 to 2021 in Kashgar city, the region with higher TB incidence than national levels, and assist public health prevention and control measures. From January 2017 to December 2021, a total of 8730 cases of TB were reported, with the higher incidence of male than that of female. When temperature was below 1 °C, it was significantly correlated with TB incidence compared to the median observed temperature (15 °C) at lag 7, 14, and 21, and lower temperatures showed larger RR (relative risk) values. High temperature produced a protective effect on TB transmission, and higher temperature from 16 to 31 °C has lower RR. In discussion stratified by gender, the maximum RRs were achieved for both male group and female group at - 15 °C with lag 21, reporting 4.28 and 2.02, respectively. At high temperature (higher than 20 °C), the RR value of developing TB for female group was significantly larger than 1. In discussion stratified by age, the maximum RRs were achieved for all age groups (≤ 35, 36-64, ≥ 65) at - 15 °C with lag 21, reporting 3.20, 2.07, and 3.45, respectively. When the temperature was higher than 20 °C, the RR of the 36-64-year-old group and the ≥ 65-year-old group was significantly larger than 1 at lag 21, while significantly smaller than 1 for cumulative RR at lag 21, reporting 0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.83) and 0.06, 95% CI (0.01, 0.44), respectively. In conclusion, low temperature, especially in extreme level, acts as a high-risk factor inducing TB transmission in Kashgar city. Males exhibit a significantly higher RR of developing TB at low temperature than female, as well as the elderly group in contrast to the young or middle-aged groups. High temperature has a protective effect on TB transmission in the total population, but female and middle-aged and elderly groups are also required to be alert to the delayed RR induced by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Zheng
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Mawlanjan Emam
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar, China
| | - Dongmei Lu
- Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Maozai Tian
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Xiaowang Peng
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar, China.
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Liu Z, Jiang S, Gu J, Liu H, Song G, Cao X. Bortezomib-based chemotherapy for patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia: a single-center experience. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:167-174. [PMID: 36374339 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-05019-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with no standard first-line treatment, and the disease is still incurable. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of bortezomib-based chemotherapy as initial treatment in WM patients. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data collected from 44 newly diagnosed WM patients treated with bortezomib-based regimens at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from December 2011 to June 2021. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The median age was 67 years old, with an overall response rate (ORR) of 93.2%, complete response (CR) rate of 6.8%, and very good partial response (VGPR) rate of 29.5%. With a median follow-up of 39 months, the 2-year overall survival (OS) and 2-year PFS rates were 88.0% and 59.0%, respectively. By the last follow-up, eight patients (18.2%) had died. Univariate analysis showed patients with B symptoms, elevated LDH, international prognostic stage system of WM (IPSSWM) stage III, high Revised IPSSWM (R-IPSSWM) score, and those who did not achieve VGPR were associated with shorter PFS. And patients with B symptoms, with high R-IPSSWM score, and who do not achieve VGPR also had shorter OS than their counterparts. Multivariate analysis confirmed that failure to achieve VGPR was an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS and PFS. In conclusion, we showed that bortezomib-based chemotherapy effectively treated newly diagnosed patients with WM. However, combinations of drugs with different mechanisms are recommended for patients with a high tumor burden. In addition, deep remission can improve patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziou Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.,Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Shenghua Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Jiwei Gu
- Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Guoqi Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
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Paraskevopoulos N. Personalized Music Playlists and Headphones in People with Dementia: A Literature Review. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1425:665-666. [PMID: 37581840 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 55 million people worldwide have dementia, and Alzheimer's Disease International (2019) estimates that by 2050 this number is expected to rise to 152 million. With no available cure (WHO, 2021), non-pharmacological interventions have become a popular alternative in the treatment of the cognitive, behavioral, and psychological symptoms of dementia (Dementia Australia, 2020). A widely adopted option that come in different forms is music interventions and while the basic means remains music, some choose a more personalized approach and even less deliver music through over-ear headphones. A number of studies regarding the latter approach report positive outcomes; however, solid evidence on its benefits is scarce.The aim of this literature review was to locate the organizations and initiatives around the world that use the specific approach, explore the different methodologies, search for existing evidence on the interventions' efficacy and the symptoms they address, and look for any ongoing research on the subject. Furthermore, we aimed at investigating if there are any relevant initiatives in Greece.We systematically searched 16 databases and from 276 eligible records, we located 18 relevant studies that met our inclusion criteria and 1 literature review on music interventions for people with dementia. Our examination and analysis of those studies suggested that music interventions utilizing personalized music playlists and headphones result in positive outcomes, including mood improvement and a significant decrease of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. However, our analysis also pointed the need for further and more focused research.
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Lu Q, Tan D, Luo J, Ye Y, Zuo M, Wang S, Li C. Potential of natural products in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Phytomedicine 2022; 106:154419. [PMID: 36087525 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a kind of functional bowel disease that is characterized by bellyache, abdominal distension, and diarrhea. Although not life-threatening, IBS has a long course and recurrent attacks and seriously affects the life quality of patients. Current drugs for treating IBS possess remarkable limitations, such as limited efficacy and severe adverse reactions. Therefore, developing novel medications to treat IBS is quite essential, and natural products may be a substantial source. PURPOSE This is the first systematic review elaborating the recent advancement of natural products as potential drugs for the therapy of IBS. METHODS A comprehensive retrieval of studies was carried out in scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, and CNKI. By using ("irritable bowel syndrome" OR "IBS") AND ("natural product" OR "natural compound" OR "phytochemical") as keywords, the eligible studies were screened, and the relevant information about therapeutic action and mechanism of natural products treating IBS was extracted. RESULTS Natural products against IBS consisted of four categories, namely, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms for natural products treating IBS were tightly associated with increased TJs and mucus protein expression, regulation of the brain-gut axis and gut microbiota structure, and inhibition of inflammatory response and intestinal mucosal damage. CONCLUSION Natural products could be extremely prospective candidate drugs used to treat IBS, and further preclinical and clinical researches are needed to guarantee their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Jingbin Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Company Limited, Foshan 528000, PR China
| | - Yonghao Ye
- Zhuhai Resproly Pharmaceutical Technology Company Limited, Zhuhai 519040, PR China
| | - Manhua Zuo
- Department of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China.
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47
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Huang YE, Xiang YP, Zhang NX. [Research progress on the current situation of long working hours and its adverse health effects on occupational population]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:794-800. [PMID: 36348567 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20211130-00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of social economy, the extension of working hours has become a common phenomenon all over the world. Occupational health hazards caused by long working hours have attracted extensive attention. This paper summarized the research related to long working hours at home and abroad in recent years, described the current situation of long working hours, expounded the adverse effects of long working hours on mood or emotional symptoms, chronic diseases and its pathogenic mechanism of occupational population. We summarized the situation and limitations in this field, and to provide new ideas and directions for further in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Huang
- Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Y P Xiang
- Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - N X Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Health Assessment, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
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Zhu TY, Deng XM, Wang GJ, Gao BL, Li RX, Wang JT. Comparison of short-term surgical outcomes between complete mesenteric resection and traditional transhiatal laparoscopic surgery for Siewert type II/III esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2022; 407:3811-3818. [PMID: 36214868 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-022-02676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic transhiatal complete mesenteric resection (CME) surgery compared with those of the traditional laparoscopic transhiatal approach in the treatment of Siewert II/III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-nine patients with Siewert type II/III AEG were enrolled and divided into two groups: the laparoscopic CME transhiatal approach (CEM-TH, n = 61) group and traditional laparoscopic transhiatal (TH, n = 38) group. Intraoperative and postoperative clinical data of both groups were analyzed. RESULTS The laparoscopic trasihiatal surgery was technically successful in all patients. The surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, and hospital stay were all significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the CME-TH group compared with those in the TH group. The levels of white blood cells on postoperative day (POD) 1 and 5, postoperative CRP on POD 3 and 5, and postoperative PCT were significantly (P < 0.05) lower while lymph nodes were harvested significantly (P < 0.05) more in the CME-TH group than in the TH group. Complications were not significantly (P > 0.05) different between two groups. No death occurred within 90 days. CONCLUSION The CME theory could be safely and effectively applied laparoscopically to treat patients with Siewert II/III AEG. Mesogastrium and lower mesoesophagus can be completely resected together with the tumor, lymph nodes, adipose tissue, and blood vessels as an "intact package," leading to better short-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guo-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Bu-Lang Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Rui-Xin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jing-Tao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Lukács J. Á, Takács J, Soósné Kiss Z, Kapitány-Fövény M, Falus A, Feith HJ. The Effects of a Cyberbullying Intervention Programme Among Primary School Students. Child Youth Care Forum 2022; 52:893-911. [PMID: 36213132 PMCID: PMC9527071 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background With the increase of cyberbullying, several intervention programmes have been created that aim at reducing cyber-victimisation and perpetration. Objective Our study presents the effects of the STAnD anti-cyberbullying programme with peer-education both on the short and the long run among lower and upper primary school students, with a focus on the participants' cyberbullying roles. Method The sample comprised of 536 students who participated in the intervention programme, involving 36% lower and 64% upper primary school students. Participants were measured by a self-reported questionnaire before and right after the programme, then six months later. Results The main effect of the STAnD programme was a positive change in the participants' willingness to engage in help-seeking and their active-defending reaction, although this effect decreased after six months. The changes were larger among lower primary school students compared to upper primary school participants. Conclusion Our results imply that long-lasting and intensive health promotion programmes are necessary to reach a long-term intervention effect. Anti-cyberbullying programmes should take into consideration participants' involvement and roles in cyberbullying. As our study was a non-randomised uncontrolled study design, thus interpretation of the effectiveness of the programme is limited. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10566-022-09714-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Lukács J.
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas utca 17, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Johanna Takács
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas utca 17, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Soósné Kiss
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Széchenyi University, Szent Imre út 26-28, Gyor, 9024 Hungary
| | - Máté Kapitány-Fövény
- Department of Addictology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas utca 17, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
- Nyírő Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Lehel utca 59, Budapest, 1135 Hungary
| | - András Falus
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085 Hungary
- EDUVITAL Foundation, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, 1089 Hungary
| | - Helga Judit Feith
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas utca 17, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
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Meerschman I, D'haeseleer E, Cammu H, Kissel I, Papeleu T, Leyns C, Daelman J, Dannhauer J, Vanden Abeele L, Konings V, Demarbaix E, Van Lierde K. Voice Quality of Choir Singers and the Effect of a Performance on the Voice. J Voice 2022:S0892-1997(22)00248-X. [PMID: 36130858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The voice use of choir singers is understudied despite the imbalance of high vocal demands versus low vocal education, and consequently increased risk for voice problems. Also, there is a lack of information on the effects of a performance on choristers' voices. Available studies included performances of at least one hour. To date, no studies investigated the effects of a choir performance with a duration resembling vocal warm-ups. PURPOSE The first purpose of this study was to determine the voice quality, capacities, symptoms and voice-related quality of life of choir singers. Secondly, the effect of a short choir performance, resembling warm-up duration (15 minutes), on the choristers' voices was investigated. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was used. Thirty adult choir singers (25 women, 5 men; mean age: 32 years) were assigned randomly to an experimental group or a control group. Participants in the experimental group sung in choir for 15 minutes immediately after their pre voice assessment, whereas the control group was instructed to have standard voice use (one-on-one conversation with the investigator, no singing) across that time span. A second voice assessment was repeated afterwards. RESULTS The choir singers showed excellent voice quality and capacities with mean scores on the Dysphonia Severity Index and Acoustic Voice Quality Index of 7.5 and 2.0, respectively. Auditory-perceptually, the mean grade score was 5/100 corresponding with a normal to mildly deviant voice quality. Patient-reported outcome measures showed mean deviant scores, indicating a considerable singing voice handicap. The choir singers seem vulnerable for stress with a high occurrence rate of 76.7% (23/30). Compared with the control group, the Dysphonia Severity Index significantly improved, whereas the self-perceived presence of vocal fatigue and complaints increased after 15 minutes of choir singing. Fundamental frequency increased in both groups, being more outspoken in the experimental group. CONCLUSIONS Choir singers show excellent voice quality and capacities, that further improve after a short choir performance of 15 minutes. Vocal fatigue and complaints, on the other hand, already increased after that short time span. Realizing that vocal load is much higher in real-life rehearsals, competitions and performances, choristers deserve and need a qualitative voice training and a strict follow-up. Future research should focus on effective vocal warm-up and cool-down programs for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Meerschman
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Evelien D'haeseleer
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Royal Conservatory Brussels, Musical Department, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heleen Cammu
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Imke Kissel
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tine Papeleu
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Clara Leyns
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Daelman
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristiane Van Lierde
- Centre for Speech and Language Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Humanities, Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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