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Chen S, Liu H, Sun Y, Li S, Shi Y, Cheng Z, Zhu H, Sun H. Phthalate Biomarkers Composition in Relation to Fatty Liver: Evidence from Epidemiologic and in vivo studies. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171607. [PMID: 38461993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, classified as environmental endocrine disruptors, pose potential toxicity risks to human health. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is one of the most widespread liver diseases globally. Compared to studies focusing on metabolic disorders in relation to pollutants exposure, the impact of individual factors such as fatty liver on the in vivo metabolism of pollutants is always overlooked. Therefore, this study measured concentrations and composition of phthalate monoesters (mPAEs) in human urine samples, particularly those from fatty liver patients. Furthermore, we induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats by formulating a high-fat diet for twelve weeks. After administering a single dose of DEHP at 500 mg/kg bw through gavage, we compared the levels of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), its metabolites (mDEHPs) and three hepatic metabolic enzymes, namely cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1), and carboxylesterase 1 (CarE1), between the normal and fatty liver rat groups. Compared to healthy individuals (n = 75), fatty liver patients (n = 104) exhibited significantly lower urinary concentrations of ∑mPAEs (median: 106 vs. 166 ng/mL), but with a higher proportion of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in ∑mDEHPs (25.7 % vs. 9.9 %) (p < 0.05). In the animal experiment, we found that fatty liver in rats prolonged the elimination half-life of DEHP (24.61 h vs. 18.89 h) and increased the contents of CYP450, CarE1, and UGT1, implying the common but differentiated metabolism of DEHP as excess lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study provides valuable information on how to distinguish populations in biomonitoring studies across a diverse population and in assigning exposure classifications of phthalates or similar chemicals in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yulian Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yixuan Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Xie E, Chen Y, Yang W, Pan Q, Zheng Shen J, Zhou F, Shen J, Li T, Li Q, Li X. Long-term exposure to dietary emulsifier Tween 80 promotes liver lipid accumulation and induces different-grade inflammation in young and aged mice. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114205. [PMID: 38609253 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of industrialization, there has been a substantial increase in the production and consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). These processed foods often contain artificially synthesized additives, such as emulsifiers. Emulsifiers constitute approximately half of the total amount of food additives, with Tween 80 being a commonly used emulsifier in the food industry. Concurrently, China is undergoing significant demographic changes, transitioning into an aging society. Despite this demographic shift, there is insufficient research on the health implications of food emulsifiers, particularly on the elderly population. In this study, we present novel findings indicating that even at low concentrations, Tween 80 suppressed the viability of multiple cell types. Prolonged in vivo exposure to 1 % Tween 80 in drinking water induced liver lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in young adult mice under a regular chow diet. Intriguingly, in mice with high-fat diet (HFD) induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), this inductive effect was masked. In aged mice, liver lipid accumulation was replicated under prolonged Tween 80 exposure. We further revealed that Tween 80 induced inflammation in both adult and aged mice, with a more pronounced inflammation in aged mice. In conclusion, our study provides compelling evidence that Tween 80 could contribute to a low-grade inflammation and liver lipid accumulation. These findings underscore the need for increasing attention regarding the consumption of UPFs with Tween 80 as the emulsifier, particularly in the elderly consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjun Xie
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunmei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanbao Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - Quan Pan
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - James Zheng Shen
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Food Science and Nutrition Center, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Qili Li
- Food Science and Nutrition Center, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Food Science and Nutrition Center, Hunan Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China.
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Wu S, Li X, Zhou M, Cui Y, Wu W, Ping J, Guo X, Hu Q. pH-triggered hydrophility-adjustable fluorescent probes for simultaneously imaging lipid droplets and lysosomes and the application in fatty liver detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116084. [PMID: 38330775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
To study the collaboration between lipid droplets (LDs) and lysosomes, and the lipid change in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), herein two pH-triggered hydrophility-adjustable fluorescent probes (LD-Lyso and LD-Lyso 1) are designed. The mechanism is based on cyclization and ring-opening with thorough consideration of pH and hydrophilic differences between LDs and lysosomes. Both of the two probes exist in ring-opening form and emit red fluorescence in acidic environment, while they exist in cyclized form and the emission is blueshifted in alkaline environment due to reduced conjugate planes. Moreover, LD-Lyso exhibits near infrared fluorescence at 740 nm under ring-opening form, which facilitates further cell, tissue, and in vivo imaging. The cell imaging results show that LD-Lyso can simultaneously target LDs and lysosomes by two different colors. Impressively, LD-Lyso cannot only detect NAFLD tissues from the normal tissue, but also distinguish different degrees of NAFLD tissues and mice, which provides a very promising tool for timely diagnosis of early NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shining Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Xuechen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yuezhi Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Wenli Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jiantao Ping
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Xuezu Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, PR China.
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Chen W, Zhang Y, Wu W, Yang H, Huang W. Machine learning-based predictive model for abdominal diseases using physical examination datasets. Comput Biol Med 2024; 173:108249. [PMID: 38531251 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal ultrasound is a key non-invasive imaging method for diagnosing liver, kidney, and gallbladder diseases, despite its clinical significance, not all individuals can undergo abdominal ultrasonography during routine health check-ups due to limitations in equipment, cost, and time. This study aims to use basic physical examination data to predict the risk of diseases of the liver, kidney, and gallbladder that can be diagnosed via abdominal ultrasound. Basic physical examination data contain gender, age, height, weight, BMI, pulse, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and uric acid-we established seven single-label predictive models and one multi-label predictive model. These models were specifically designed to predict a range of abdominal diseases. The single-label models, utilizing the XGBoost algorithm, targeted diseases such as fatty liver (with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.9344), liver deposits (AUC: 0.8221), liver cysts (AUC: 0.7928), gallbladder polyps (AUC: 0.7508), kidney stones (AUC: 0.7853), kidney cysts (AUC: 0.8241), and kidney crystals (AUC: 0.7536). Furthermore, a comprehensive multi-label model, capable of predicting multiple conditions simultaneously, was established by FCN and achieved an AUC of 0.6344. We conducted interpretability analysis on these models to enhance their understanding and applicability in clinical settings. The insights gained from this analysis are crucial for the development of targeted disease prevention strategies. This study represents a significant advancement in utilizing physical examination data to predict ultrasound results, offering a novel approach to early diagnosis and prevention of abdominal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Four Provincial Marginal Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals (Quzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital) Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, China
| | - YuJie Zhang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weili Wu
- Four Provincial Marginal Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals (Quzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital) Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenxiu Huang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Samanta A, Sen Sarma M. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A silent pandemic. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:511-516. [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i4.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The worldwide epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is showing an upward trend, parallel to the rising trend of metabolic syndrome, owing to lifestyle changes. The pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been fully understood yet. Therefore, NAFLD has emerged as a public health concern in the field of hepatology and metabolisms worldwide. Recent changes in the nomenclature from NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease have brought a positive outlook changes in the understanding of the disease process and doctor-patient communication. Lifestyle changes are the main treatment modality. Recently, clinical trial using drugs that target ‘insulin resistance’ which is the driving force behind NAFLD, have shown promising results. Further translational research is needed to better understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of NAFLD which may open newer avenues of therapeutic targets. The role of gut dysbiosis in etiopathogenesis and use of fecal microbiota modification in the treatment should be studied extensively. Prevention of this silent epidemic by spreading awareness and early intervention should be our priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Samanta
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Moinak Sen Sarma
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
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Barrera F, Uribe J, Olvares N, Huerta P, Cabrera D, Romero-Gómez M. The Janus of a disease: Diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Ann Hepatol 2024:101501. [PMID: 38631419 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes Mellitus are two prevalent metabolic disorders that often coexist and synergistically contribute to the progression of each other. Several pathophysiological pathways are involved in the association, including insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipotoxicity, providing a foundation for understanding the complex interrelationships between these conditions. The presence of MASLD has a significant impact on diabetes risk and the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications, and diabetes significantly contributes to an increased risk of liver fibrosis progression in MASLD and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, both pathologies have a synergistic effect on cardiovascular events and mortality. Therapeutic interventions targeting MASLD and diabetes are discussed, considering lifestyle modifications, pharmacological agents, and emerging treatment modalities. The review also addresses the challenges in managing these comorbidities, such as the need for personalized approaches and the potential impact on cardiovascular health. The insights gleaned from this analysis can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in developing integrated strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and managing these metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Barrera
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Javier Uribe
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nixa Olvares
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Immunogenética e Inmunología traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias e Inovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Huerta
- Programa de Medicina Interna, Instituto de Ciencias e Inovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Enfermedades Digestivas y Ciberehd, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (CSIC/HUVR/US), Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.
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Ezhilarasan D. Deciphering the molecular pathways of saroglitazar: A dual PPAR α/γ agonist for managing metabolic NAFLD. Metabolism 2024; 155:155912. [PMID: 38609038 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Saroglitazar (SARO), a dual peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α/γ agonist, has been used to treat metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and diabetic dyslipidemia in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). SARO, administered at a dose of 4 mg/day, has been consistently studied in clinical trials with different time points ranging from 4 to 24 weeks with NAFLD patients. Due to its PPAR-γ agonistic action, SARO prevents adipose tissue-mediated fatty acid delivery to the liver by increasing insulin sensitivity and regulating adiponectin and leptin levels in adipose tissue. In hepatocytes, SARO induces fatty acid β-oxidation in mitochondria and transcriptionally activates lipid metabolizing genes in peroxisomes. SARO inhibits insulin resistance, thereby preventing the activation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins -1c and carbohydrate response element binding protein in hepatocytes through its PPAR-α agonistic action. SARO treatment reduces lipotoxicity-mediated oxidative stress by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and transcriptionally expressing the antioxidants from the antioxidant response element in the nucleus through its PPAR-γ agonistic action. SARO provides a PPAR-α/γ-mediated anti-inflammatory effect by preventing the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (JNK and ERK) and nuclear factor kappa B in hepatocytes. Additionally, SARO interferes with transforming growth factor-β/Smad downstream signaling, thereby reducing liver fibrosis progression through its PPAR-α/γ agonistic actions. Thus, SARO improves insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in NAFLD, reduces lipid accumulation in the liver, and thereby prevents mitochondrial toxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis progression. This review summarizes the possible molecular mechanism of SARO in the NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology and Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India.
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Kakiyama G, Minowa K, Bai-Kamara N, Hashiguchi T, Pandak WM, Rodriguez-Agudo D. StarD5 levels of expression correlate with onset and progression of steatosis and liver fibrosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38591148 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00024.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Insufficient expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory lipid transfer protein 5 (StarD5) on liver cholesterol/lipid homeostasis is not clearly defined. METHODS The ablation of StarD5 was analyzed in mice on a normal or western diet (WD) to determine its importance in hepatic lipid accumulation and fibrosis compared to wild type (WT) mice. Rescue experiments in StarD5-/- mice and hepatocytes were performed. RESULTS In addition to increased hepatic triglyceride/cholesterol levels, global StarD5-/- mice fed a normal diet displayed reduced plasma triglycerides and liver VLDL secretion as compared with WT counterparts. Insulin levels and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) scoring were elevated, demonstrating developing insulin resistance (IR). WD fed StarD5-/- mice up-regulated TAZ expression with accelerated liver fibrosis when compared to WD-fed WT mice. CYP7B1's suppression coupled with chronic accumulation of toxic oxysterol levels correlated with presentation of fibrosis. 'Hepatocyte selective' StarD5 overexpression in StarD5-/- mice restored expression, reduced hepatic triglycerides, and improved HOMA-IR. Observations in 2 additional mouse and one human NASH model were supportive. CONCLUSIONS StarD5's downregulation with hepatic lipid excess is a previously unappreciated physiologic function appearing to promote lipid storage for future needs. Conversely, StarD5's lingering downregulation with prolonged lipid/cholesterol excess accelerates fatty liver's transition to fibrosis; mediated via dysregulation in the oxysterol signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Kakiyama
- Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kei Minowa
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nanah Bai-Kamara
- Internal Medicine, Central Virginia VA Healthcare System, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - William M Pandak
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Central Virginia VA Healthcare System, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo
- Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
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Yamamoto T, Iizuka Y, Izumi-Yamamoto K, Shirota M, Mori N, Tahara Y, Fujita T, Gotoda T. Overexpression of Slc22a18 facilitates fat accumulation in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 712-713:149922. [PMID: 38626531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that solute carrier family 22 member 18 (Slc22a18) regulates lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Here, we provide additional evidence derived from experiments with adenoviral vector expression and genetic manipulation of mice. In primary cultured rat hepatocytes, adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 increased triglyceride accumulation and triglyceride synthetic activity, which was decreased in an adenoviral knockdown experiment. Adenoviral overexpression of mouse Slc22a18 in vivo caused massive fatty liver in mice, even under normal dietary conditions. Conversely, adenoviral knockdown of mouse Slc22a18 reduced hepatic lipid accumulation induced by a high-glucose and high-sucrose diet. We created Slc22a18 knockout mice, which grew normally and showed no obvious spontaneous phenotypes. However, compared with control littermates, the knockout mice exhibited decreased hepatic triglyceride content under refeeding conditions, significantly reduced epididymal fat mass, and tended to have lower liver weight in conjunction with leptin deficiency. Finally, we created transgenic mice overexpressing rat Slc22a18 in an adipose-specific manner, which had increased body weight and epididymal fat mass primarily because of increased adipocyte cell volume. In these transgenic mice, a positive correlation was observed between adiposity and the expression levels of the rat Slc22a18 transgene. Taken together, these results indicate that Slc22a18 has positive effects on lipid accumulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoko Iizuka
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kozue Izumi-Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Midori Shirota
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mori
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tahara
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fujita
- Division of Clinical Epigenetics, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Takanari Gotoda
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Kyorin University, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan.
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Demirel-Yalciner T, Cetinkaya B, Sozen E, Ozer NK. Impact of Seipin in cholesterol mediated lipid droplet maturation; status of endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipophagy. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111933. [PMID: 38588730 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) defined by the increased number of lipid droplets (LDs) in hepatocytes, have risen continuously in parallel with the obesity. LDs and related proteins are known to affect cellular metabolism and signaling. Seipin, one of the most important LD-related proteins, plays a critical role in LD biogenesis. Although the role of adipose tissue-specific Seipin silencing is known, hepatocyte-specific silencing upon cholesterol-mediated lipid accumulation has not been investigated. In our study, we investigated the effect of Seipin on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and lipophagy in cholesterol accumulated mouse hepatocyte cells. In this direction, cholesterol accumulation was induced by cholesterol-containing liposome, while Seipin mRNA and protein levels were reduced by siRNA. Our findings show that cholesterol containing liposome administration in hepatocytes increases both Seipin protein and number of large LDs. However Seipin silencing reduced the increase of cholesterol mediated large LDs and Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) mRNA. Additionally, lysosome-LD colocalization increased only in cells treated with cholesterol containing liposome, while the siRNA against Seipin did not lead any significant difference. According to our findings, we hypothesize that Seipin silencing in hepatocytes reduced cholesterol mediated LD maturation as well as GRP78 levels, but not lipophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Demirel-Yalciner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar University, Istanbul 34662, Turkey; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul 34854, Turkey; Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center (METIFLAM), Uskudar University, Istanbul 34662, Turkey
| | - Bengu Cetinkaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Erdi Sozen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul 34854, Turkey; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar University, Istanbul 34662, Turkey; Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center (METIFLAM), Uskudar University, Istanbul 34662, Turkey.
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Thunga C, Mitra S, Dayal D, Lal S. Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency: a case report with autopsy. Autops Case Rep 2024; 14:e2024483. [PMID: 38628283 PMCID: PMC11021025 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2024.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation defects are a heterogeneous group of disorders related to the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation pathway. Carnitine acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) is an enzyme responsible for the unidirectional transport of acylcarnitine across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the oxidation of fatty acids. The autopsy pathology of the CACT deficiency is described in only a few cases. We describe the autopsy pathology of a child with CACT deficiency dominantly in the form of microvesicular steatosis of the hepatocytes, renal proximal tubular epithelia, cardiac myocytes, and rhabdomyocytes. The diagnosis was further confirmed on whole exome sequencing with compound heterozygous variants in the exon 1 (c.82G>T, p.Gly28Cys; likely pathogenic) and exon 5 (c.535G>A, p.Asp179Asn; uncertain significance) of the SLC25A20 gene. This case elucidates the histopathology of the liver and the detailed autopsy of a case of CACT deficiency from India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chennakeshava Thunga
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suvradeep Mitra
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Histopathology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Devi Dayal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sadhna Lal
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Chandigarh, India
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12
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Tamura K, Ito K, Kishimoto R, Yoshida K, Kishimoto T, Obata T, Yamaguchi T. The Effect of Steatosis on Shear-Wave Velocity and Viscoelastic Properties Related to Liver Fibrosis Progression in Rat Models. Ultrasound Med Biol 2024; 50:592-599. [PMID: 38238201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic fibrosis has recently been evaluated using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance elastography. Although the shear wave velocity (SWV) obtained using point shear wave elastography (pSWE) provides a valuable measure of fibrosis, underlying steatosis may affect its measurement. METHODS Using hepatic fibrosis samples, this study evaluated the effect of steatosis on the shear wave velocity of pSWE (Vs) and viscoelastic properties (assessed by dynamic mechanical analysis) of rat liver. Fifty rats with various grades of steatosis and fibrosis underwent open abdominal in vivo Vs measurements using a commercial ultrasound scanner. The mechanical properties of hepatic tissue were also characterized under ex vivo conditions using dynamic mechanical analysis and the Zener model of viscoelasticity. RESULTS Fibrosis and steatosis progression influenced Vs and elasticity. The SWV computed using the Zener model and Vs showed a substantial correlation (r > 0.8). Fibrosis progression increased SWV. Steatosis was also related to SWV. Steatosis progression obscured the SWV change associated with fibrosis progression. CONCLUSION We conclude that steatosis progression affects the evaluation of fibrosis progression. This finding could aid discrimination of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using SWV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tamura
- Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Kazuyo Ito
- Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Riwa Kishimoto
- Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-0024, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Kishimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takayuki Obata
- Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-0024, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamaguchi
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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13
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Song BG, Kang TW, Sinn DH, Kim YY, Min JH, Hwang JA, Shin J. Ultrasonographic findings of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A comparative study with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and clinical characteristics. Clin Imaging 2024; 108:110097. [PMID: 38310832 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2024.110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new term proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of MAFLD and NAFLD. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of subjects aged ≥19 years who underwent a health screening examination, including ultrasonography, (n = 17,066). Patients were separated into one of three groups; pure MAFLD (n = 5304), pure NAFLD (n = 579), and both NAFLD & MAFLD (n = 11,183). The outcomes were the degree of fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis, defined by ultrasonography. In addition, the risk of ultrasonographic cirrhosis was assessed in the MAFLD group based on clinical characteristics. RESULTS The pure NAFLD group had a lower risk of severe fatty liver disease than the both NAFLD & MAFLD groups (0.9 % vs. 4.4 %, p < 0.001). Cirrhosis was not diagnosed in the NAFLD group. Cirrhosis was more common in the pure MAFLD group than in the both NAFLD & MAFLD group (0.3 % vs. 0.0 %, p < 0.001). In the MAFLD group, multivariable analysis showed that diagnosis by hepatic steatosis index (Odds ratio [OR], 12.39; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 3.40-45.19; p < 0.001) or significant alcohol intake (OR, 9.58, 95 % CI, 1.93-47.61; p = 0.006) was independently associated with risk of liver cirrhosis on ultrasonography. CONCLUSION Liver cirrhosis was more frequently identified on ultrasonography in patients with MAFLD than in NAFLD. MAFLD diagnosed using the hepatic steatosis index or significant alcohol intake is a risk factor for liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Geun Song
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Wook Kang
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeun-Yoon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Min
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Ah Hwang
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaeseung Shin
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Zhao Q, Deng Y, Gong R, Chen T, Yang L. Association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:541-550. [PMID: 37813810 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risks of fatty liver disease. METHODS A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted to select studies published from database inception to 6 September 2023 from five databases. Observational studies examining the association between elevated DII levels and the prevalence of fatty liver disease/liver fibrosis were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using either random-effects or fixed-effect models. RESULTS In total, 10 studies comprising 242,006 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Individuals with higher DII had a significantly increased risk of fatty liver disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.08-2.45) and liver fibrosis (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.09-1.21) compared to those with lower DII. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated an association between higher DII and increased odds of fatty liver disease. However, additional prospective studies are required to further address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Yunlei Deng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, 82# Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Rong Gong
- Department of Nephrology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, 82# Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China.
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15
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Alvarado-Ojeda ZA, Trejo-Moreno C, Ferat-Osorio E, Méndez-Martínez M, Fragoso G, Rosas-Salgado G. Role of Angiotensin II in Non-Alcoholic Steatosis Development. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102986. [PMID: 38492325 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Fatty liver is a multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes (steatosis), insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This disease has a major public health impact because it is the first stage of a chronic and degenerative process in the liver that can lead to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Although this disease is mainly diagnosed in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, recent evidence indicates that vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II (ANGII) not only promote endothelial dysfunction (ED) and hypertension, but also cause fatty liver, increase adipose tissue, and develop a pro-steatotic environment characterized by a low-grade systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state, with elevated blood lipid levels. The role of ANGII in lipid accumulation has been little studied, so this review aims to summarize existing reports on the possible mechanism of action of ANGII in inducing lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celeste Trejo-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ferat-Osorio
- División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Méndez-Martínez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosas-Salgado
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico.
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16
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Suzuki H, Shimose S, Iwamoto H, Niizeki T, Kawaguchi T. Changing from NAFLD to MASLD: Similar prognosis of patients with HCC under atezolizumab/bevacizumab treatment between NAFLD and MASLD. Clin Mol Hepatol 2024; 30:263-265. [PMID: 38246698 PMCID: PMC11016480 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shigeo Shimose
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Niizeki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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17
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Khamseh ME, Malek M, Jahangiri S, Nobarani S, Hekmatdoost A, Salavatizadeh M, Soltanieh S, Chehrehgosha H, Taheri H, Montazeri Z, Attaran F, Ismail-Beigi F, Alaei-Shahmiri F. Insulin Resistance/Sensitivity Measures as Screening Indicators of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1430-1443. [PMID: 38438774 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measures of insulin resistance (IR)/sensitivity (IS) are emerging tools to identify metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the comprehensive assessment of the performance of various indicators is limited. Moreover, the utility of measures of IR/IS in detecting liver fibrosis remains unclear. AIMS To evaluate the predictive ability of seventeen IR/IS and two beta cell function indices to identify MAFLD and liver fibrosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals aged 25-75 years. Transient elastography was used to estimate liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter. The following measures were computed: homeostatic model assessment (HOMA/HOMA2) for IR, IS, and beta cell function; QUICKI; Bennett index; glucose/insulin; FIRI; McAuley index; Reynaud index; SPISE index; TyG; TyG-BMI; TyG-WC; TyG-WHtR; TG/HDL; and METS-IR. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age, gender, diabetes status, and body weight. RESULTS A total of 644 individuals were included in our analysis. MAFLD and significant liver fibrosis were detected in 320 (49.7%) and 80 (12.4%) of the participants, respectively. All measures of IR/IS identified MAFLD and liver fibrosis. However, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR were the top three indicators that identified MAFLD. Measures that include insulin level in their mathematical calculation, namely, Raynaud index, HOMA-IR, HOMA 2-IR, FIRI, and QUICKI had the best performance in identifying liver fibrosis in the entire population, as well as among the study subgroups. CONCLUSIONS TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, and TyG-WHtR were the best predictors of MAFLD. Insulin-based measures had better performances in the detection of advanced fibrosis. This was independent of age, gender, obesity, or diabetes status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad E Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Malek
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Jahangiri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sohrab Nobarani
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marieh Salavatizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Soltanieh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Chehrehgosha
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Taheri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Montazeri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Attaran
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Ismail-Beigi
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Tsay HJ, Gan YL, Su YH, Sun YY, Yao HH, Chen HW, Hsu YT, Hsu JTA, Wang HD, Shie FS. Reducing brain Aβ burden ameliorates high-fat diet-induced fatty liver disease in APP/PS1 mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116404. [PMID: 38471275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced fatty liver disease is a deteriorating risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitigating fatty liver disease has been shown to attenuate AD-like pathology in animal models. However, it remains unclear whether enhancing Aβ clearance through immunotherapy would in turn attenuate HFD-induced fatty liver or whether its efficacy would be compromised by long-term exposure to HFD. Here, the therapeutic potentials of an anti-Aβ antibody, NP106, was investigated in APP/PS1 mice by HFD feeding for 44 weeks. The data demonstrate that NP106 treatment effectively reduced Aβ burden and pro-inflammatory cytokines in HFD-fed APP/PS1 mice and ameliorated HFD-aggravated cognitive impairments during the final 18 weeks of the study. The rejuvenating characteristics of microglia were evident in APP/PS1 mice with NP106 treatment, namely enhanced microglial Aβ phagocytosis and attenuated microglial lipid accumulation, which may explain the benefits of NP106. Surprisingly, NP106 also reduced HFD-induced hyperglycemia, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, and hepatic lipids, concomitant with modifications in the expressions of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. The data further reveal that brain Aβ burden and behavioral deficits were positively correlated with the severity of fatty liver disease and fasting serum glucose levels. In conclusion, our study shows for the first time that anti-Aβ immunotherapy using NP106, which alleviates AD-like disorders in APP/PS1 mice, ameliorates fatty liver disease. Minimizing AD-related pathology and symptoms may reduce the vicious interplay between central AD and peripheral fatty liver disease, thereby highlighting the importance of developing AD therapies from a systemic disease perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Jen Tsay
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ling Gan
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Han Su
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Yo Sun
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Hsiang Yao
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Wen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Life Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Ting Hsu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - John Tsu-An Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Shiun Shie
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan, ROC.
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19
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Con D, Tu S, Clayton-Chubb D, Lubel JS, Nicoll AJ, Sawhney R, Bloom S. Effect of Concurrent Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease on Serial Non-invasive Fibrosis Markers in Chronic Hepatitis B. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1496-1506. [PMID: 38376788 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Concurrent hepatic steatosis has diverse effects on chronic hepatitis B (CHB), however the combined effects of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and CHB on liver fibrosis progression remains unclear. The primary aim of this study was to utilize serial fibrosis measurements to compare the dynamic change in fibrosis in CHB patients with/without concurrent MASLD. The secondary aim was to investigate factors associated with steatosis development and regression in CHB patients. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of all non-cirrhotic CHB patients identified from 1/1/2011 to 31/12/2016. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed by ultrasound. Fibrosis markers included liver stiffness (LSM) by transient elastography, APRI and FIB-4. General linear mixed effects modelling was used to fit polynomial and linear estimates. RESULTS Of 810 CHB patients (n = 2,373 LSM measurements; median age 44.4y; 48% male; 24% HBeAg positive), 14% had concurrent MASLD. LSM was higher at baseline but decreased in MASLD patients over time, while LSM remained stable in non-MASLD patients, such that all patients had similar LSM beyond 4-5 years. MASLD patients had lower APRI compared to non-MASLD patients, which was predominately due to a higher platelet count and higher ALT over time. There was substantial discordance between LSM, APRI and FIB-4. Baseline BMI was the only factor that predicted steatosis development and regression. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of an association between concurrent MASLD and fibrosis progression amongst CHB patients without baseline advanced liver disease. APRI and FIB-4 may have reduced accuracy in MASLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Con
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Steven Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel Clayton-Chubb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John S Lubel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda J Nicoll
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rohit Sawhney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen Bloom
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill Hospital, 8 Arnold Street, Box Hill, 3128, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Noda S, Harai N, Komai S, Inukai T, Watanabe T, Hosokawa T, Antoku A, Muroi Y, Hayashida R, Okuma H, Suzuki Y, Tsuchiya K. Rapid improvement of severe fatty liver in a case of fulminant type 1 diabetes following insulin treatment. Diabetol Int 2024; 15:297-301. [PMID: 38524939 PMCID: PMC10959847 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A 36-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with a consciousness disorder after developing abdominal pain with diarrhea for 2 days. She presented with marked hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and increased serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels; however, no elevation in the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels was observed. Based on the marked depletion of insulin secretion, the patient was diagnosed as diabetic ketoacidosis attributed to fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1D). Computed tomography on admission revealed severe fatty liver (FL), which improved 17 h following insulin treatment. Insulin treatment also suppressed the serum FFA levels. Some cases of FT1D with FL and liver dysfunction have been reported previously; however, its pathogenesis and clinical course remain unclear. Compared to previous reports, this case reported the shortest time for FL improvement. In this case, rapid and severe insulin deficiency led to a markedly high FFA level and significant accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatocytes, resulting in severe FL. A rapid and large dose of insulin was administered when systemic insulin sensitivity was nearly maximal owing to insulin deficiency, increased insulin efficacy, early reduction of FFA, suppressed triglyceride accumulation in the hepatocytes, and increased triglyceride excretion from the liver. All these factors could have contributed to the rapid improvement in FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonomi Noda
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Nozomi Harai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Saki Komai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Takahiko Inukai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Tadatsugu Hosokawa
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Airi Antoku
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Yuko Muroi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hayashida
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okuma
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi, 4093898 Japan
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Mohammadi T, Mohammadi B. Screening the General Population for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Model Development and Validation. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102987. [PMID: 38518527 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Screening the general population for this may help to select appropriate diagnostic and preventive measures before disease progression. AIMS We aimed to develop a screening method to identify patients with NAFLD in the general population. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from a large Japanese study of NAFLD. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the data. Candidate predictors were patients' demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics. The resulting model was externally validated using three data sets from different populations. RESULTS Of 15,464 (54.5% men) included patients, 2,741 (17.7%) had NAFLD as determined by ultrasonography. An index was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the scaled body mass index and serum triglyceride levels for both men and women. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, and false positive rate were 0.875, 0.824, 0.770, and 17.6%, respectively. The mean index values were significantly different between the patients with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (p <0.001). The odds ratio of the index cutoff was 15.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]:14.05, 17.39). The model yielded areas under the curve of 0.828, 0.851, and 0.836 for a Chinese (N = 2,319), an Iranian (N = 2,160), and a Brazilian (N = 45,029) data set, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The proposed composite index demonstrated high performance and generalizability, suggesting its potential use as a screening tool for NAFLD in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Mohammadi
- The University of Tehran, College of Science, School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Mak LY. Steatotic liver disease: Know your enemies. Clin Mol Hepatol 2024; 30:171-173. [PMID: 38302189 PMCID: PMC11016490 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2024.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Liu S, Li R, Sun YW, Lin H, Li HF. Protein succinylation, hepatic metabolism, and liver diseases. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:344-352. [PMID: 38577527 PMCID: PMC10989315 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification that is processed via enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Succinylation exhibits strong effects on protein stability, enzyme activity, and transcriptional regulation. Protein succinylation is extensively present in the liver, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that succinylation is closely related to hepatic metabolism. For instance, histone acetyltransferase 1 promotes liver glycolysis, and the sirtuin 5-induced desuccinylation is involved in the regulation of the hepatic urea cycle and lipid metabolism. Therefore, the effects of succinylation on hepatic glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism under the action of various enzymes will be discussed in this work. In addition, how succinylases regulate the progression of different liver diseases will be reviewed, including the desuccinylation activity of sirtuin 7, which is closely associated with fatty liver disease and hepatitis, and the actions of lysine acetyltransferase 2A and histone acetyltransferase 1 that act as succinyltransferases to regulate the succinylation of target genes that influence the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In view of the diversity and significance of protein succinylation, targeting the succinylation pathway may serve as an attractive direction for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya-Wen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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24
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Cao JC, Zhang HK, Liu CM, Zhao SS, Nan YM, Li DD. [Value of constructing a non-invasive diagnostic model based on serum heme oxygenase-1 and glucose regulatory protein 78 for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:228-234. [PMID: 38584104 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230830-00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical application value of serum heme oxygenase (HO)-1expression level in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and, based on that, establish a diagnostic model combined with glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78) so as to clarify its diagnostic effectiveness and application value. Methods: A total of 210 NAFLD patients diagnosed by abdominal B-ultrasound and liver elastography were included, and at the same time, 170 healthy controls were enrolled. The general clinical data, peripheral blood cell counts, and biochemical indicators of the research subjects were collected. The expression levels of HO-1 and GRP78 were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for NAFLD. Visual output was performed through nomogram diagrams, and the diagnostic model was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of NAFLD. Measurement data were analyzed using a t-test or Mann-Whitney U rank sum test to detect data differences between groups. Enumeration data were analyzed using the Fisher's exact probability test or the Pearson χ(2) test. Results: Compared with the healthy control group, the white blood cell count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTT), fasting blood glucose (Glu), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum HO-1, and GRP78 levels were significantly increased in the NAFLD group patients (P < 0.05). Binary logistic analysis results showed that AST, TG, LDL-C, serum HO-1, and GRP78 were independent risk factors for NAFLD (P < 0.05). A nomogram clinical predictive model HGATL was established using HO-1 (H), GRP78 (G) combined with AST (A), TG (T), and LDL-C (L), with the formula P=-21.469+3.621×HO-1+0.116 ×GRP78+0.674×AST+6.250×TG+4.122 ×LDL-C. The results confirmed that the area under the ROC curve of the HGATL model was 0.965 8, with an optimal cutoff value of 81.69, a sensitivity of 87.06%, a specificity of 92.82%, a P < 0.05, and the diagnostic effectiveness significantly higher than that of a single indicator. The calibration curve and DCA both showed that the model had good diagnostic performance. Conclusion: The HGATL model can be used as a novel, non-invasive diagnosis model for NAFLD and has a positive application value in NAFLD diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation. Therefore, it should be explored and promoted in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cao
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - H K Zhang
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - C M Liu
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - S S Zhao
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Y M Nan
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - D D Li
- Department of Infection, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Bengbu 233030, China
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Stachowska E, Gudan A, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Liebe R, Krawczyk M. Dysbiosis and nutrition in steatotic liver disease: addressing the unrecognized small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) challenge. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03533-7. [PMID: 38499938 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is characterized by hepatic fat accumulation, potentially causing major consequences such as liver decompensation. Currently, we lack medications for the treatment of SLD. Therapeutic recommendations for patients include a hypocaloric diet, weight loss, and physical activity. In particular, the Mediterranean diet is frequently recommended. However, this diet might exacerbate intestinal problems in a subset of patients with coexisting small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Previous studies have reported that SIBO is more predominant in patients with fatty liver than in healthy individuals. Both our research and the findings of others have highlighted a challenge related to nutritional therapy in patients with fatty liver who also suffer from SIBO inasmuch as SIBO induces several phenomena (like bloating or abdominal pain) that can adversely affect patients' quality of life and might be exacerbated by the Mediterranean diet. This may lower their adherence to the intervention. As a solution, we suggest introducing additional diagnostics (e.g., breath test) in patients with SLD who complain of SIBO-like symptoms. The next step is to modify their diets temporarily starting with several weeks of "elimination and sanitation." This would involve restricting products rich in fermentable sugars and polyols, while simultaneously treating the bacterial overgrowth. In summary, while the hypocaloric Mediterranean diet is beneficial for patients with fatty liver, those with coexisting SIBO may experience exacerbated symptoms. It is vital to consider additional diagnostics and dietary modifications for this subset of patients to address both liver and intestinal health concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Gudan
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Roman Liebe
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Zeng MH, Shi QY, Xu L, Mi YQ. Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1393-1404. [PMID: 38596499 PMCID: PMC11000086 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i10.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, affecting about 1/4th of the global population and causing a huge global economic burden. To date, no drugs have been approved for the treatment of NAFLD, making the correction of unhealthy lifestyles the principle method of treatment. Identifying patients with poor adherence to lifestyle correction and attempting to improve their adherence are therefore very important. AIM To develop and validate a scale that can rapidly assess the adherence of patients with NAFLD to lifestyle interventions. METHODS The Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale (EDAS) was designed based on compilation using the Delphi method, and its reliability was subsequently evaluated. Demographic and laboratory indicators were measured, and patients completed the EDAS questionnaire at baseline and after 6 months. The efficacy of the EDAS was evaluated in the initial cohort. Subsequently, the efficacy of the EDAS was internally verified in a validation cohort. RESULTS The EDAS consisted of 33 items in six dimensions, with a total of 165 points. Total EDAS score correlated significantly with daily number of exercise and daily reduction in calorie intake (P < 0.05 each), but not with overall weight loss. A total score of 116 was excellent in predicting adherence to daily reduction in calorie intake (> 500 kacl/d), (sensitivity/specificity was 100.0%/75.8%), while patients score below 97 could nearly rule out the possibility of daily exercise (sensitivity/specificity was 89.5%/44.4%). Total EDAS scores ≥ 116, 97-115, and < 97 points were indicative of good, average, and poor adherence, respectively, to diet and exercise recommendations. CONCLUSION The EDAS can reliably assess the adherence of patients with NAFLD to lifestyle interventions and have clinical application in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Zeng
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Qi-Yu Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Mi
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin 300192, China
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Byenfeldt M, Kihlberg J, Nasr P, Grönlund C, Lindam A, Bartholomä WC, Lundberg P, Ekstedt M. Altered probe pressure and body position increase diagnostic accuracy for men and women in detecting hepatic steatosis using quantitative ultrasound. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10655-1. [PMID: 38459346 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) for evaluating liver fat content with different probe forces and body positions, in relation to sex, and compared with proton density fat fraction (PDFF). METHODS We prospectively enrolled a metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) cohort that underwent UGAP and PDFF in the autumn of 2022. Mean UGAP values were obtained in supine and 30° left decubitus body position with normal 4 N and increased 30 N probe force. The diagnostic performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Among 60 individuals (mean age 52.9 years, SD 12.9; 30 men), we found the best diagnostic performance with increased probe force in 30° left decubitus position (AUC 0.90; 95% CI 0.82-0.98) with a cut-off of 0.58 dB/cm/MHz. For men, the best performance was in supine (AUC 0.91; 95% CI 0.81-1.00) with a cut-off of 0.60 dB/cm/MHz, and for women, 30° left decubitus position (AUC 0.93; 95% CI 0.83-1.00), with a cut-off 0.56 dB/cm/MHz, and increased 30 N probe force for both genders. No difference was in the mean UGAP value when altering body position. UGAP showed good to excellent intra-reproducibility (Intra-class correlation 0.872; 95% CI 0.794-0.921). CONCLUSION UGAP provides excellent diagnostic performance to detect liver fat content in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases, with good to excellent intra-reproducibility. Regardless of sex, the highest diagnostic accuracy is achieved with increased probe force with men in supine and women in 30° left decubitus position, yielding different cut-offs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The ultrasound method ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter shows excellent diagnostic accuracy and performs with good to excellent reproducibility. There is a possibility to alter body position and increase probe pressure, and different performances for men and women should be considered for the highest accuracy. KEY POINTS • There is a possibility to alter body position when performing the ultrasound method ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter. • Increase probe pressure for the highest accuracy. • Different performances for men and women should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Byenfeldt
- Department of Radiology in Östersund, Östersund, Sweden.
- Department of Radiation Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Johan Kihlberg
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiology in Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Patrik Nasr
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Lindam
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wolf C Bartholomä
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiology in Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundberg
- Department of Radiation Physics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Medical and Health Science in Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mattias Ekstedt
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Gu M, Chen YJ, Feng YR, Tang ZP. LanGui tea, an herbal medicine formula, protects against binge alcohol-induced acute liver injury by activating AMPK-NLRP3 signaling. Chin Med 2024; 19:41. [PMID: 38439080 PMCID: PMC10910869 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LanGui tea, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation comprising of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl, and Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand-Mazz) W.T. Wang, has yet to have its potential contributions to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) fully elucidated. Consequently, the objective of this research is to investigate the protective properties of LanGui tea against binge alcohol-induced ALD and the mechanisms underlying its effects. METHODS An experimental model of acute alcohol-induced liver disease was performed to assess the protective effects of extract of LanGui tea (ELG) at both 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 dosages on male C57BL/6 mice. Various parameters, including hepatic histological changes, inflammation, lipids content, as well as liver enzymes and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in the serum were measured. The pharmacological mechanisms of ELG, specifically its effects on adenosine monophosphate-(AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling, were investigated through Western blotting, qRT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence analyses, and by blocking the AMPK activity. RESULTS ELG demonstrated a mitigating effect on fatty liver, inflammation, and hepatic dysfunction within the mouse model. This effect was achieved by activating AMPK signaling and inhibitingNLRP3 signaling in the liver, causing a reduction in IL-1β generation. In vitro studies further confirmed that ELG inhibited cell damage and IL-1β production in ethanol-induced hepatocytes by enhancing AMPK-NLRP3 signaling. Conversely, the pharmacological inhibition of AMPK activity nearly abrogated such alteration. CONCLUSIONS Thus, LanGui tea emerges as a promising herbal therapy for ALD management involving AMPK-NLRP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yu-Jun Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ya-Ru Feng
- The Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Tang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Chen HY, Yang PJ, Lee PC, Chuang PH, Yang YH, Chiu WT, Wu CH. Computed tomography-based gastric volumetry for morbid obesity to assess weight loss and fatty liver change. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00144-X. [PMID: 38433034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective treatment for patients with morbid obesity, but the optimal gastric volume (GV) for resection remains unclear. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the optimal percentage of excised stomach that could engender significant weight loss and improve fatty liver. METHODS This prospective study included 63 patients. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before and 1 year after LSG to evaluate the gastric lumen (GL) and GV. Specifically, the stomach was distended with effervescent powder, following water-contrast mixture (20:1) and assessed by three-dimensional reconstruction. The correlations of reduced gastric lumen/volume (RGL/RGV) with total body weight (BW) loss and liver-spleen density ratio (LSDR) changes were analyzed, and optimal RGL/RGV associated with significant BW and fatty liver changes were determined. RESULTS We noted a positive correlation between the percentage of RGV/RGL (%RGV/%RGL) and percentage of total weight loss (%TWL; r = 0.359, p = 0.004 and r = 0.271, p = 0.032). Furthermore, a %RGL value of >78.2% and %RGV value of >75.3% were associated with more significant BW loss than did limited excision (both p < 0.01). On the other hand, LSDR values increased significantly after LSG, corresponding to the improvement of fatty liver disease at %RGL and %RGV values of >59.1% and >56.4% (both p < 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION %RGV and %RGL were determined to be factors affecting LSG outcomes. LSG engendered significantly more BW loss when %RGV was >75.3% and resulted in fatty liver disease improvement when %RGV was >56.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Yang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Obesity, Life Style and Metabolic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chu Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Obesity, Life Style and Metabolic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chuang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Chiu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Horng Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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30
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Catania R, Jia L, Haghshomar M, Miller FH, Borhani AA. Detection of moderate hepatic steatosis on contrast-enhanced dual-source dual-energy CT: Role and accuracy of virtual non-contrast CT. Eur J Radiol 2024; 172:111328. [PMID: 38325187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate diagnostic accuracy of virtual non contrast (VNC) images, based on dual-source dual-energy CT (dsDECT), for detection of at least moderate steatosis and to define a threshold value to make this diagnosis on VNC. METHODS This single-institution retrospective study included patients who had multi-phasic protocol dsDECT. Regions of interests were placed in different segments of the liver and spleen on true non-contrast (TNC), VNC, and portal-venous phase (PVP) images. At least moderate steatosis was defined as liver attenuation (LHU) < 40 HU on TNC. Diagnostic performance of VNC to detect steatosis was determined and the new threshold was tested in a validation cohort. RESULTS 236 patients were included in training cohort. Mean liver attenuation values were 51.3 ± 10.8 HU and 58.1 ± 11.5 HU for TNC and VNC (p < 0.001), with a mean difference (VNC - TNC) of 6.8 ± 6.9 HU. Correlation between TNC and VNC was strong (r = 0.81, p < 0.001). The AUCs of LHU on VNC for detection of hepatic steatosis were 0.92 (95 % Cl: 0.86-0.98), 0.92 (95 % Cl: 0.87-0.97), 0.92 (95 % Cl: 0.86-0.99), 0.91 (95 % Cl: 0.84-0.97), and 0.87 (95 % Cl: 0.80-0.95) for entire liver, left lateral, left medial, right anterior, and right posterior segments, respectively. VNC had sensitivity/specificity of 100 % /42 % when using a threshold of 40 HU; they were 69 % and 95 %, respectively, when using optimized threshold of 46 HU. This threshold showed similar performance in validation cohort (n = 80). CONCLUSIONS Hepatic attenuation on VNC has promising performance for detection of at least moderate steatosis. Proposed threshold of 46 HU provides high specificity and moderate sensitivity to detect steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Catania
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. Saint Clair Street, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Leo Jia
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. Saint Clair Street, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Maryam Haghshomar
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. Saint Clair Street, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Frank H Miller
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. Saint Clair Street, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Amir A Borhani
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. Saint Clair Street, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
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Yoo J, Joo I, Jeon SK, Park J, Yoon SH. Utilizing fully-automated 3D organ segmentation for hepatic steatosis assessment with CT attenuation-based parameters. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10660-4. [PMID: 38393403 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical utility of fully-automated 3D organ segmentation in assessing hepatic steatosis on pre-contrast and post-contrast CT images using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed 362 adult potential living liver donors with abdominal CT scans and MRS-PDFF. Using a deep learning-based tool, mean volumetric CT attenuation of the liver and spleen were measured on pre-contrast (liver(L)_pre and spleen(S)_pre) and post-contrast (L_post and S_post) images. Agreements between volumetric and manual region-of-interest (ROI)-based measurements were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Diagnostic performances of volumetric parameters (L_pre, liver-minus-spleen (L-S)_pre, L_post, and L-S_post) were evaluated for detecting MRS-PDFF ≥ 5% and ≥ 10% using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and compared with those of ROI-based parameters. RESULTS Among the 362 subjects, 105 and 35 had hepatic steatosis with MRS-PDFF ≥ 5% and ≥ 10%, respectively. Volumetric and ROI-based measurements revealed ICCs of 0.974, 0.825, 0.992, and 0.962, with mean differences of -4.2 HU, -3.4 HU, -1.2 HU, and -7.7 HU for L_pre, S_pre, L_post, and S_post, respectively. Volumetric L_pre, L-S_pre, L_post, and L-S_post yielded areas under the ROC curve of 0.813, 0.813, 0.734, and 0.817 for MRS-PDFF ≥ 5%; and 0.901, 0.915, 0.818, and 0.868 for MRS-PDFF ≥ 10%, comparable with those of ROI-based parameters (0.735-0.818; and 0.816-0.895, Ps = 0.228-0.911). CONCLUSION Automated 3D segmentation of the liver and spleen in CT scans can provide volumetric CT attenuation-based parameters to detect and grade hepatic steatosis, applicable to pre-contrast and post-contrast images. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Volumetric CT attenuation-based parameters of the liver and spleen, obtained through automated segmentation tools from pre-contrast or post-contrast CT scans, can efficiently detect and grade hepatic steatosis, making them applicable for large population data collection. KEY POINTS • Automated organ segmentation enables the extraction of CT attenuation-based parameters for the target organ. • Volumetric liver and spleen CT attenuation-based parameters are highly accurate in hepatic steatosis assessment. • Automated CT measurements from pre- or post-contrast imaging show promise for hepatic steatosis screening in large cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Ijin Joo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - Sun Kyung Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Junghoan Park
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
- MEDICALIP. Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Wang TJ, Chen MY, Lin YC, Chiu WN, Huang TJ, Weng HH. High prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome among rural adults with chronic hepatitis C: Implications for primary healthcare. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:532. [PMID: 38378519 PMCID: PMC10880326 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is a global health concern that is associated with significant liver-related morbidity and mortality. Owing to the inflammatory pathway, CHC can causefatty liver, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer and is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes. Fatty liver is associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and liver cancer. Hence, the early detection of fatty liver through noninvasive screening in adults with CHC is important in primary healthcare settings. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome amongrural adults with CHC. METHODS This was a series of cohort studies related to the elimination of the CHC burden around the western coastal Yunlin County, Taiwan, between August 2018 and July 2021. A cross-sectional study was conducted after hepatitis C virus RNA confirmation in a hepatitis C- endemic area. A gastrointestinal physician or radiologist assessed fatty liver by ultrasonography. Fatty liver was classified into four grades: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Three liver enzyme biomarkers were identified. According to the Taiwan national standard, metabolic syndrome was defined based on the presence of three or more of the five abnormal biomarkers, including increased waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose level, elevated triglyceride level, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. RESULTS A total of 256 rural adults with CHC were enrolled. The mean age of the participants was 67.5 (standard deviation = 11.8) years, with a low educational level. High prevalence of fatty liver (79%), central obesity (54.3%), elevated blood pressure (55.5%),elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (44.9%), and metabolic syndrome (37.9%) were observed.The results showed that adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with an increased risk of increased waist circumference (P < 0.001), increased blood pressure (P < 0.001), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P < 0.05), and elevated liver enzyme biomarker levels (all P < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Furthermore, adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval = 1.66 to 4.92). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate a high prevalence of fatty liver in rural adults with CHC, which is significantly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and elevated liver biomarker levels. Clinicians and primary healthcare providers must encourage patients with CHC to receive antiviral therapy combined with weight loss management and lifestyle modification, allowing general improvements in their liver and cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Jen Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Nan Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Jung Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Huei Weng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Liu M, Kang Z, Cao X, Jiao H, Wang X, Zhao J, Lin H. Prevotella and succinate treatments altered gut microbiota, increased laying performance, and suppressed hepatic lipid accumulation in laying hens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:26. [PMID: 38369510 PMCID: PMC10874536 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to investigate the potential benefits of administering Prevotella and its primary metabolite succinate on performance, hepatic lipid accumulation and gut microbiota in laying hens. RESULTS One hundred and fifty 58-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens, with laying rate below 80% and plasma triglyceride (TG) exceeding 5 mmol/L, were used in this study. The hens were randomly allocated into 5 groups and subjected to one of the following treatments: fed with a basal diet (negative control, NC), oral gavage of 3 mL/hen saline every other day (positive control, PC), gavage of 3 mL/hen Prevotella melaninogenica (107 CFU/mL, PM) or 3 mL/hen Prevotella copri (107 CFU/mL, P. copri) every other day, and basal diet supplemented with 0.25% sodium succinate (Succinate). The results showed that PM and P. copri treatments significantly improved laying rate compared to the PC (P < 0.05). The amount of lipid droplet was notably decreased by PM, P. copri, and Succinate treatments at week 4 and decreased by P. copri at week 8 (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the plasma TG level in Succinate group was lower than that of PC (P < 0.05). Hepatic TG content, however, was not significantly influenced at week 4 and 8 (P > 0.05). PM treatment increased (P < 0.05) the mRNA levels of genes PGC-1β and APB-5B at week 4, and ACC and CPT-1 at week 8. The results indicated enhanced antioxidant activities at week 8, as evidenced by reduced hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) level and improved antioxidant enzymes activities in PM and Succinate groups (P < 0.05). Supplementing with Prevotella or succinate can alter the cecal microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of Prevotella in the Succinate group was significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups at the family and genus levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Oral intake of Prevotella and dietary supplementation of succinate can ameliorate lipid metabolism of laying hens. The beneficial effect of Prevotella is consistent across different species. The finding highlights that succinate, the primary metabolite of Prevotella, represents a more feasible feed additive for alleviating fatty liver in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zeyue Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xikang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Hu J, Li S, Zhong X, Wei Y, Sun Q, Zhong L. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuate diet-induced obesity and NASH-related fibrosis in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25460. [PMID: 38356602 PMCID: PMC10864966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma but has no available treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become increasingly prominent in cell therapy. Human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) are considered superior to other MSCs due to their strong immunomodulatory ability, ease of collection, low immune rejection, and no tumorigenicity. Though hUC-MSCs have received increasing attention in research, they have been rarely applied in any investigations or treatments of NASH and associated fibrosis. Therefore, this study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of hUC-MSCs in C57BL/6 mice with diet-induced NASH. At week 32, mice were randomized into two groups: phosphate-buffered saline and MSCs, which were injected into the tail vein. At week 40, glucose metabolism was evaluated using glucose and insulin tolerance tests. NASH-related indicators were examined using various biological methods. hUC-MSC administration alleviated obesity, glucose metabolism, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Liver RNA-seq showed that the expression of the acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACOT) family members Acot1, Acot2, and Acot3 involved in fatty acid metabolism were altered. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) members Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14, which are involved in the peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, were significantly downregulated after hUC-MSC treatment. In conclusion, hUC-MSCs effectively reduced Western diet-induced obesity, NASH, and fibrosis in mice, partly by regulating lipid metabolism and the PPAR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushuang Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qinjuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
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Jeon SK, Lee JM. Inter-platform reproducibility of ultrasound-based fat fraction for evaluating hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Insights Imaging 2024; 15:46. [PMID: 38353856 PMCID: PMC10866839 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-024-01611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the inter-platform reproducibility of ultrasound-based fat fraction examination in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS Patients suspected of having NAFLD were prospectively enrolled from January 2023. Ultrasound-based fat fraction examinations were performed using two different platforms (ultrasound-derived fat fraction [UDFF] and quantitative ultrasound-derived estimated fat fraction [USFF]) on the same day. The correlation between UDFF and USFF was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland-Altman analysis with 95% limits of agreement (LOAs), and the coefficient of variation (CV) were used to assess inter-platform reproducibility. RESULTS A total of 41 patients (21 men and 20 women; mean age, 53.9 ± 12.6 years) were analyzed. Moderate correlation was observed between UDFF and USFF (Pearson's r = 0.748; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.572-0.858). On Bland-Altman analysis, the mean difference between UDFF and USFF values was 1.3% with 95% LOAs ranging from -8.0 to 10.6%. The ICC between UDFF and USFF was 0.842 (95% CI: 0.703-0.916), with a CV of 29.9%. CONCLUSION Substantial inter-platform variability was observed among different ultrasound-based fat fraction examinations. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use ultrasound-based fat fraction values obtained from different vendors interchangeably. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Considering the substantial inter-platform variability in ultrasound-based fat fraction assessments, caution is imperative when interpreting and comparing fat fraction values obtained from different ultrasound platforms in clinical practice. KEY POINTS • Inter-platform reproducibility of ultrasound-based fat fraction examinations is important for its clinical application. • Significant variability across different ultrasound-based fat fraction examinations was observed. • Using ultrasound-based fat fraction values from different vendors interchangeably is not advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyung Jeon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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Sadafi S, Azizi A, Rezaeian S, Pasdar Y. Association between healthy beverage index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Ravansar noncommunicable disease cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3622. [PMID: 38351106 PMCID: PMC10864402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The quality of drinks affects the functioning of the liver. In recent decades, the variety of high-calorie and sweet drinks has increased. The objective of this study was to explore the association between Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among adults. We included 6,276 participants aged 35 to 65 from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study at baseline. NAFLD is defined based on the fatty liver index (FLI), calculated using anthropometric measurements and non-invasive markers. The HBI was developed using a combination of water, low-fat milk, 100% fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages, met fluid requirement and % energy from beverages. Logistic and linear regression models were employed to investigate the associations of the HBI and high FLI. The average FLI was significantly lower in the first tertile of HBI compared to the third tertile (47.83 vs. 45.77; P = 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds of high FLI decreased by 28% (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.63, 0.82) in the second tertile of HBI and by 21% in the third tertile (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70, 0.91). There was no correlation between gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels with HBI. The study findings indicate an inverse association between high FLI and HBI. Therefore, it is recommended to consume healthy beverages and without added sugar. However, additional longitudinal studies are required to examine the association between beverage consumption and the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Sadafi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Azizi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Qadri S, Yki-Järvinen H. Surveillance of the liver in type 2 diabetes: important but unfeasible? Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06087-7. [PMID: 38334817 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Fatty liver plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. According to an updated classification, any individual with liver steatosis and one or more features of the metabolic syndrome, without excess alcohol consumption or other known causes of steatosis, has metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Up to 60-70% of all individuals with type 2 diabetes have MASLD. However, the prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes remains uncertain, with reported estimates of 10-20% relying on imaging tests and likely overestimating the true prevalence. All stages of MASLD impact prognosis but fibrosis is the best predictor of all-cause and liver-related mortality risk. People with type 2 diabetes face a two- to threefold increase in the risk of liver-related death and hepatocellular carcinoma, with 1.3% progressing to severe liver disease over 7.7 years. Because reliable methods for detecting steatosis are lacking, MASLD mostly remains an incidental finding on imaging. Regardless, several medical societies advocate for universal screening of individuals with type 2 diabetes for advanced fibrosis. Proposed screening pathways involve annual calculation of the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, followed by a secondary test such as transient elastography (TE) for intermediate-to-high-risk individuals. However, owing to unsatisfactory biomarker specificity, these pathways are expected to channel approximately 40% of all individuals with type 2 diabetes to TE and 20% to tertiary care, with a false discovery rate of up to 80%, raising concerns about feasibility. There is thus an urgent need to develop more effective strategies for surveying the liver in type 2 diabetes. Nonetheless, weight loss through lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery remains the cornerstone of management, proving highly effective not only for metabolic comorbidities but also for MASLD. Emerging evidence suggests that fibrosis biomarkers may serve as tools for risk-based targeting of weight-loss interventions and potentially for monitoring response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Qadri
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland.
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Garcia-Morena D, Fernandez-Cantos MV, Escalera SL, Lok J, Iannone V, Cancellieri P, Maathuis W, Panagiotou G, Aranzamendi C, Aidy SE, Kolehmainen M, El-Nezami H, Wellejus A, Kuipers OP. In Vitro Influence of Specific Bacteroidales Strains on Gut and Liver Health Related to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10219-1. [PMID: 38319537 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become a major health risk and a serious worldwide issue. MAFLD typically arises from aberrant lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, subjacent causes are multifactorial. The gut has been proposed as a major factor in health and disease, and over the last decade, bacterial strains with potentially beneficial effects on the host have been identified. In vitro cell models have been commonly used as an early step before in vivo drug assessment and can confer complementary advantages in gut and liver health research. In this study, several selected strains of the order Bacteroidales were used in a three-cell line in vitro analysis (HT-29, Caco-2, and HepG2 cell lines) to investigate their potential as new-generation probiotics and microbiota therapeutics. Antimicrobial activity, a potentially useful trait, was studied, and the results showed that Bacteroidales can be a source of either wide- or narrow-spectrum antimicrobials targeting other closely related strains. Moreover, Bacteroides sp. 4_1_36 induced a significant decrease in gut permeability, as evidenced by the high TEER values in the Caco-2 monolayer assay, as well as a reduction in free fatty acid accumulation and improved fatty acid clearance in a steatosis HepG2 model. These results suggest that Bacteroidales may spearhead the next generation of probiotics to prevent or diminish MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Garcia-Morena
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Victoria Fernandez-Cantos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Lopez Escalera
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Allé 10-12, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Fakultät für Biowissenschaften, 18K, 07743, Bachstraβe, Germany
| | - Johnson Lok
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Valeria Iannone
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pierluca Cancellieri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Maathuis
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Department of Microbiome Dynamics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Leibniz-HKI), 07745, Jena, Germany
- Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Carmen Aranzamendi
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Host-Microbe Metabolic Interactions, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sahar El Aidy
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Host-Microbe Metabolic Interactions, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70200, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- Molecular and Cell Biology Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Anja Wellejus
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Allé 10-12, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Wei P, Li L, Ran C, Jin M, Zhao H, Yang K, Wang Y, He H, Jia M, Pan H, Li Q, Guo J. High fat diet-induced downregulation of TRPV2 mediates hepatic steatosis via p21 signalling. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:113-126. [PMID: 37882938 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The global prevalence and incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are exhibiting an increasing trend. NAFLD is characterized by a significant accumulation of lipids, though its underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here we report that high-fat diet (HFD) feeding induced hepatic steatosis in mice, which was accompanied by a reduction in the expression and function of hepatic TRPV2. Moreover, conditional knockout of TRPV2 in hepatocytes exacerbated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. In an in vitro model of NAFLD, TRPV2 regulated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells, and TRPV2 activation inhibited the expression of the cellular senescence markers p21 and p16, all of which were mediated by AMPK phosphorylation. Finally, we found that administration of probenecid, a TRPV2 agonist, impaired HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and suppressed HFD-induced elevation in p21 and p16. Collectively, our findings imply that hepatic TRPV2 protects against the accumulation of lipids by modulating p21 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixuan Li
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenqiu Ran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingyue Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Kelaier Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaqiu He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengyang Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyan Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China.
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Ramírez-Mejía MM, Jiménez-Gutiérrez C, Eslam M, George J, Méndez-Sánchez N. Breaking new ground: MASLD vs. MAFLD-which holds the key for risk stratification? Hepatol Int 2024; 18:168-178. [PMID: 38127259 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The classification and nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been the subject of ongoing debate in the medical community. Through the introduction of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and the later release of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the limitations associated with NAFLD are intended to be addressed. Both terminologies incorporate the metabolic component of the disease by providing diagnostic criteria that relies on the presence of underlying metabolic risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS An epidemiologic cross-sectional study of individuals who had undergone abdominal ultrasound and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) as part of a routine check was performed. We evaluated clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables to determine the metabolic profile of each subject. RESULTS The study included a total of 500 participants, 56.8% (n = 284) males and 43.2% (n = 216) females, with a mean age of 49 ± 10 years. 59.4% (n = 297) were diagnosed with MAFLD and MASLD, 10.2% (n = 51) were diagnosed only with MASLD and 30.4% (n = 152) were not diagnosed with either MAFLD or MASLD. The differences in prevalence were mainly based on the detection of individuals with a BMI < 25 kg/m2, where MASLD captures the largest number (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although MASLD has a higher capture of lean patients compared to MAFLD, patients with MAFLD and MASLD have a worse metabolic profile than those with only MASLD. Our results provide evidence that MAFLD better identifies patients likely to have a higher risk of liver fibrosis and of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Michelle Ramírez-Mejía
- Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine (PECEM-MD/PhD), Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Hirose K, Toshima T, Tobo T, Kai S, Hirakawa M, Higuchi S, Ofuchi T, Hosoda K, Yonemura Y, Hisamatsu Y, Masuda T, Aishima S, Mimori K. A rare case of liver regenerative and non-neoplastic lesion resembling a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Surg Case Rep 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38300348 PMCID: PMC10834926 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-024-01820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a rare disease that presents pathologically as diffuse hepatic nodules without fibrous septa. It is believed to be caused by vasculopathy against a background of various systemic diseases, such as hematologic, autoimmune, and drug-induced diseases, with various symptoms. In spite of the recent imaging advances, various atypical cases of nodular lesions are observed in daily clinical practice. Cases that do not completely meet these criteria are referred to as -like or -similar lesions in clinical situations, making it difficult to understand their pathogenesis. We present a case in which two hepatic nodular lesions were noted and difficult to differentiate from malignancy preoperatively. The lesions were laparoscopically resected and a pathological diagnosis with non-neoplastic liver regenerative nodules resembling NRH was made. CASE PRESENTATION A 49-year-old man with no alcohol or drug intake and no past medical history was identified as having liver tumors on screening examination without any symptoms. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed two hepatic tumors; approximately 2-cm tumors at S7 and S8. Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed fat inclusions in their contents. Ethoxybenzyl (EOB) uptake was also observed during the hepatobiliary phase. Based on preoperative examinations, we suspected well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and performed laparoscopic S7/8 partial resection for these lesions. Macroscopically, the resected specimens showed a non-cirrhotic yellowish-cut surface containing brownish, ill-defined lesions with irregular borders. Microscopically, these lesions showed zonal necrosis, congestion, and aggregation of hemosiderin-laden macrophages around the central vein. In these areas, the fatty deposition of hepatocytes was lower than that in the surrounding background hepatocytes. Histopathologically, neither neoplastic nor hyperplastic lesions were observed, and he was diagnosed as regenerative hepatic change with centrilobular necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Considering the pathological results, these lesions were thought to be a type of NRH-like lesion with possible hepatic vessel disorder. However, the lesion's cause and classification was difficult to determine. The accumulation of these regenerative changes accompanying fatty liver is needed to clarify the mechanism and its clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Hirose
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takeo Toshima
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Taro Tobo
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Satohiro Kai
- Department of Radiology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hirakawa
- Department of Radiology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Satoshi Higuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takashi Ofuchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hosoda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yonemura
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hisamatsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Saga University, Nabeshima 5-1-1, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, 4546, Shoen, Beppu-Shi, Oita-Ken, 874-0838, Japan.
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de Souza Echeverria L, Mounzer DLS, Gestic MA, Utrini MP, Chaim FDM, Callejas-Neto F, Chaim EA, Cazzo E. Fibrotic NASH in Individuals with Obesity: a Cross-sectional Analysis of the Prevalence of this Significant Milestone of Disease Progression and Accuracy of a Non-invasive Marker for its Screening. Obes Surg 2024; 34:389-395. [PMID: 38110785 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), i.e., the concomitant presence of active inflammation and fibrosis, represents a milestone in the natural history of NAFLD and a critical time point in its progression. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of the non-invasive Fibrotic NASH Index (FNI) in individuals with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, enrolling individuals who underwent bariatric surgery with liver biopsy at a tertiary university hospital. FNI was calculated, and a cutoff value was determined. Its diagnostic accuracy was then calculated through comparison with the gold standard test for this analysis (histopathological examination). RESULTS Of 128 participants, 83.6% were female, and the average age was 39.8 ± 8.7 years. The mean BMI was 38.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2. NAFLD was histologically confirmed in 76.6%, of which 81.6% had NASH. Histologically confirmed fibrotic NASH was observed in 22.7% of the general study population, 29.6% of individuals with NAFLD, and 36.3% of those with NASH. The mean FNI was 0.18 ± 0.19. An optimal cutoff point of 0.21 was determined, with an overall accuracy of 90.1%, an 82.8% sensitivity, a 90.8% specificity, a 72.6% positive predictive value, and a 94.7% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS FNI provided adequate accuracy in detecting and ruling out fibrotic NASH. Considering the importance of fibrotic NASH within the natural history of NAFLD progression and the fact that this marker uses simple variables, it may be of great importance in high-risk populations, and its external validation and use should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Everton Cazzo
- Dept. of Surgery, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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Ayres ABS, Carneiro CRG, Gestic MA, Utrini MP, Chaim FDM, Callejas-Neto F, Chaim EA, Cazzo E. Identification of Predictors of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Its Severity in Individuals Undergoing Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2024; 34:456-466. [PMID: 38097891 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As obesity reached epidemic proportions, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also had a worrisome parallel increase. The non-invasive differentiation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from uncomplicated NAFLD remains an important challenge in current clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To identify predictors of the occurrence and severity of NAFLD and NASH. METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study which included individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Participants were histologically classified according to the presence NASH and severity of NAFLD. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical aspects were analyzed and compared. RESULTS Out of 171 individuals, 87.7% were female and the mean age was 38.4±9.3 years. The average BMI was 38±3.0 kg/m2. NAFLD was histologically confirmed in 74.9%; the commonest histopathological abnormalities were macrovesicular steatosis (74.9%) and ballooning (40.4%). Simple steatosis occurred in 30.4%, 44.4% presented with NASH, and 31% had severe NAFLD. NASH associated with higher levels of ALT (0.03), ALP (0.02), and glucose (0.02). Cutoff values were, respectively, 23 U/L, 67 U/L, and 81 mg/dL. Their concomitant use provided an 83.1% specificity for NASH. Severe NAFLD associated with diabetes (p=0.02), higher BMI (p=0.01), AST (p=0.04), ALT (p<0.01), ALP (p=0.01), glucose (p=0.02), and ferritin (p<0.01). BMI over 39.3 kg/m2 and ferritin over 178 ng/mL concomitantly provided a 70.5% accuracy for severe NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS NASH and severe NAFLD associated with higher levels of ALT, ALP, and glucose. Severe NAFLD associated with higher BMI and higher ferritin levels in this group. The concomitant evaluation of these laboratory tests could help ruling out NASH and safely screening severe NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Balestra Silveira Ayres
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Martinho Antonio Gestic
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | - Murillo Pimentel Utrini
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | - Felipe David Mendonça Chaim
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | - Francisco Callejas-Neto
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | - Elinton Adami Chaim
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil
| | - Everton Cazzo
- Dept. of Surgery-School of Medical Sciences-State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Alexander Fleming, s/no, Campinas, (SP), Brazil.
- Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, (SP), CEP 13085-000, Brazil.
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Zamanian H, Shalbaf A, Zali MR, Khalaj AR, Dehghan P, Tabesh M, Hatami B, Alizadehsani R, Tan RS, Acharya UR. Application of artificial intelligence techniques for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosis: A systematic review (2005-2023). Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2024; 244:107932. [PMID: 38008040 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease with a rapidly growing incidence worldwide. For prognostication and therapeutic decisions, it is important to distinguish the pathological stages of NAFLD: steatosis, steatohepatitis, and liver fibrosis, which are definitively diagnosed on invasive biopsy. Non-invasive ultrasound (US) imaging, including US elastography technique, and clinical parameters can be used to diagnose and grade NAFLD and its complications. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being harnessed for developing NAFLD diagnostic models based on clinical, biomarker, or imaging data. In this work, we systemically reviewed the literature for AI-enabled NAFLD diagnostic models based on US (including elastography) and clinical (including serological) data. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search on Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed search engines for articles published between January 2005 and June 2023 related to AI models for NAFLD diagnosis based on US and/or clinical parameters using the following search terms: "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "non-alcoholic steatohepatitis", "deep learning", "machine learning", "artificial intelligence", "ultrasound imaging", "sonography", "clinical information". RESULTS We reviewed 64 published models that used either US (including elastography) or clinical data input to detect the presence of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and/or fibrosis, and in some cases, the severity of steatosis, inflammation, and/or fibrosis as well. The performances of the published models were summarized, and stratified by data input and algorithms used, which could be broadly divided into machine and deep learning approaches. CONCLUSION AI models based on US imaging and clinical data can reliably detect NAFLD and its complications, thereby reducing diagnostic costs and the need for invasive liver biopsy. The models offer advantages of efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility, and serve as virtual assistants for specialists to accelerate disease diagnosis and reduce treatment costs for patients and healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zamanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Shalbaf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M R Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Khalaj
- Tehran obesity treatment center, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Dehghan
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Department, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Tabesh
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Alizadehsani
- Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Ru-San Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - U Rajendra Acharya
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
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Sarabhai T, Kahl S, Gancheva S, Mastrototaro L, Dewidar B, Pesta D, Ratter-Rieck JM, Bobrov P, Jeruschke K, Esposito I, Schlensak M, Roden M. Loss of mitochondrial adaptation associates with deterioration of mitochondrial turnover and structure in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Metabolism 2024; 151:155762. [PMID: 38122893 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and type 2 diabetes frequently have metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) including steatohepatitis (MASH). In obesity, the liver may adapt its oxidative capacity, but the role of mitochondrial turnover in MASLD remains uncertain. METHODS This cross-sectional study compared individuals with class III obesity (n = 8/group) without (control, OBE CON; NAFLD activity score: 0.4 ± 0.1) or with steatosis (OBE MASL, 2.3 ± 0.4), or MASH (OBE MASH, 5.3 ± 0.3, p < 0.05 vs. other groups). Hepatic mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed by transmission electron microscopy, mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry, biomarkers of mitochondrial quality control and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by Western Blot. RESULTS Mitochondrial oxidative capacity was 31 % higher in OBE MASL, but 25 % lower in OBE MASH (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASH showed ~1.5fold lower mitochondrial number, but ~1.2-1.5fold higher diameter and area (p < 0.001 vs. other groups). Biomarkers of autophagy (p62), mitophagy (PINK1, PARKIN), fission (DRP-1, FIS1) and fusion (MFN1/2, OPA1) were reduced in OBE MASH (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASL showed lower p62, p-PARKIN/PARKIN, and p-DRP-1 (p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). OBE MASL and MASH showed higher ER stress markers (PERK, ATF4, p-eIF2α-S51/eIF2α; p < 0.05 vs. OBE CON). Mitochondrial diameter associated inversely with fusion/fission biomarkers and with oxidative capacity, but positively with H2O2. CONCLUSION Humans with hepatic steatosis already exhibit impaired mitochondrial turnover, despite upregulated oxidative capacity, and evidence for ER stress. In MASH, oxidative stress likely mediates progressive decline of mitochondrial turnover, ultrastructure and respiration indicating that mitochondrial quality control is key for energy metabolism and may have potential for targeting MASH. ClinGovTrial:NCT01477957.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia Sarabhai
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bedair Dewidar
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pesta
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacqueline M Ratter-Rieck
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Bobrov
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kay Jeruschke
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlensak
- Department of Obesity and Reflux Center, Neuwerk Hospital Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Mirrazavi ZS, Behrouz V. Various types of fasting diet and possible benefits in nonalcoholic fatty liver: Mechanism of actions and literature update. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:519-533. [PMID: 38219703 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major causes of chronic liver injury, affecting around one-fourth of the general population across the world. Several important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NAFLD include oxidative stress, inflammation, liver fibrosis, and apoptosis. Currently, therapeutic approaches are not ideal for managing NAFLD, thus new approaches and treatments are still needed. Over the last two decades, various fasting protocols have been explored to reduce body weight and improve metabolic disorders. In this review, we provide updated literature that supports fasting regimens for subjects with NAFLD and describes underlying mechanisms of action. We suggest that fasting regimens may modulate NAFLD via several mechanisms, including changes in gut microbiota, hepatic arginase, hepatic autophagy, inflammatory responses, liver functional enzymes and hepatic steatosis, fibroblast growth factors signaling, white adipose tissue browning, adipokines, circadian rhythms, lipid profiles, and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vahideh Behrouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Gallagher K, Bernstein I, Collings C, Main D, Ahmad G, Naughton S, Daddam J, Mavangira V, Vandehaar M, Zhou Z. Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:13. [PMID: 38281954 PMCID: PMC10823655 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation, but current preventative measures are not always effective. Cows with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) concentrations whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride (TG). Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids (branched-chain ketoacids, BCKA) on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks postpartum. METHODS Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design experiment. Cows were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1) saline (CON, n = 12); 2) BCA (67 g valine, 50 g leucine, and 34 g isoleucine, n = 12); and 3) BCK (77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt, 57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt, and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt, n = 12). All cows received the same diet. Treatment effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in SAS. RESULTS No differences were detected for body weight, body condition score, or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d postpartum. Cows receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON (6.60% vs. 4.77%, standard error of the mean (SEM) 0.49) during the first 3 weeks of lactation. Infusion of BCA increased milk yield (39.5 vs. 35.3 kg/d, SEM 1.8), milk fat yield (2.10 vs. 1.69 kg/d, SEM 0.08), and lactose yield (2.11 vs. 1.67 kg/d, SEM 0.07) compared with CON. Compared to CON, cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose (55.0 vs. 59.2 mg/dL, SEM 0.86) but higher β-hydroxybutyrate (9.17 vs. 6.00 mg/dL, SEM 0.80). CONCLUSIONS Overall, BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production, whereas BCKA supplementation reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Gallagher
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Isabelle Bernstein
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Cynthia Collings
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - David Main
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Ghayyoor Ahmad
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Sarah Naughton
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Jayasimha Daddam
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Vengai Mavangira
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Ames, 50011, USA
| | - Mike Vandehaar
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA.
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Dou XG, Xu XY, Nan YM, Wei L, Han T, Mao YM, Han Y, Ren H, Jia JD, Zhuang H. [Progress on the research of liver diseases in 2023]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:3-15. [PMID: 38320785 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20240108-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- X G Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - X Y Xu
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y M Nan
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - L Wei
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital,Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - T Han
- Tianjin Union Medicine Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Y M Mao
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Y Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - H Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401336, China
| | - J D Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - H Zhuang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Godoy-Matos AF, Valério CM, Silva Júnior WS, de Araujo-Neto JM, Bertoluci MC. 2024 UPDATE: the Brazilian Diabetes Society position on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:23. [PMID: 38238868 PMCID: PMC10797995 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common liver disease affecting 30% of the world's population and is often associated with metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease. This review is an update of the Brazilian Diabetes Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes [SBD]) evidence-based guideline for the management of MASLD in clinical practice. METHODS The methodology was published previously and was defined by the internal institutional steering committee. The SBD Metabolic Syndrome and Prediabetes Department drafted the manuscript, selecting key clinical questions for a narrative review using MEDLINE via PubMed with the MeSH terms [diabetes] and [fatty liver]. The best available evidence was reviewed, including randomized clinical trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and high-quality observational studies related to MASLD. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The SBD Metabolic Syndrome and Prediabetes Department formulated 9 recommendations for the management of MASLD in people with prediabetes or T2D. Screening for the risk of advanced fibrosis associated with MASLD is recommended in all adults with prediabetes or T2D. Lifestyle modification (LSM) focusing on a reduction in body weight of at least 5% is recommended as the first choice for these patients. In situations where LSMs are insufficient to achieve weight loss, the use of anti-obesity medications is recommended for those with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m2. Pioglitazone and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) monotherapy are the first-line pharmacological treatments for steatohepatitis in people with T2D, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be considered in this context. The combination of these agents may be considered in the treatment of steatohepatitis and/or fibrosis, and bariatric surgery should be considered in patients with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, in which the combination of LSM and pharmacotherapy has not been shown to be effective in improving MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélio F Godoy-Matos
- Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia do Rio de Janeiro (IEDE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Melissa Valério
- Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia do Rio de Janeiro (IEDE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wellington S Silva Júnior
- Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Endocrinology Discipline, Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Praça Gonçalves Dias, 21, Centro, São Luís, MA, CEP 65020-240, Brazil.
| | - João Marcello de Araujo-Neto
- Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcello Casaccia Bertoluci
- Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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50
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Ahmed K, Choi HN, Park JS, Kim YG, Bae MK, Yim JE. Taurine supplementation alters gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue of obese C57BL/6J mice: Inflammation and lipid synthesis perspectives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23288. [PMID: 38192788 PMCID: PMC10771985 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the mechanisms by which taurine exerts its anti-obesity effects in the C57BL/6J ob/ob mice model and determine if taurine supplementation increases the amelioration of inflammation and lipogenesis linked genes in the adipose and liver tissues. Three groups of C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard chow diet for a period of 10 weeks the C57BL/6J normal group, the C57BL/6J ob/ob negative control group with no taurine intake and C57BL/6J ob/ob taurine group with taurine intake. Real time PCR was used to examine the gene expression profile in the experimental groups intrascapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver. TNF-alpha, Ccl2, Adgre and illb genes that are associated with inflammation were found to have varying level of expression in the three tissues. In comparison to BAT and liver these genes were expressed at a much lower level in WAT, with enhanced serum adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ji-sook Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Yu-Gyeong Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Bae
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
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