1
|
Gerke J, Fegert J, Rassenhofer M, Fegert JM. Organized sexualized and ritual violence: Results from two representative German samples. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 152:106792. [PMID: 38643644 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organized sexualized and ritual abuse (ORA), a contentious issue since the 1980s, remains a polarizing topic. Although there is much debate about the existence of this phenomenon, a differentiated perspective is lacking, and no representative study has yet addressed the frequency. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to investigate the frequency of ORA in Germany using two representative datasets. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Data were collected from representative samples of the German population (N = 2522, N = 2515). Participants aged 16 to 96 years (50 and 53 % female) were recruited. They were selected by a random route procedure and asked to fill out a paper-pencil-questionnaire. METHODS The four aspects of ORA (severe sexual violence, perpetrator networks, commercial exploitation, ideology) were assessed based on the definition provided by an expert group. Additionally, in the second survey, a direct yes/no question about the experience of ORA as well as details on perpetrators and offense characteristics were surveyed. RESULTS Frequency of ORA was low. The direct question on ORA was affirmed by 0.5 % (n = 13), while according to the criteria of the definition, only 0.2 % or less of individuals experienced organized sexualized abuse, and <0.1 % experienced ritual abuse. CONCLUSION Although ORA is discussed thoroughly, frequencies in the German population are low. This may be due to inconsistent terminology and operationalization of definitions with lack of precision. However, an intersection of conspiracy beliefs and the topic of ritual violence sheds another light on this issue that should receive more attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Gerke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Germany.
| | - Jonas Fegert
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Miriam Rassenhofer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Germany; Center for Child Protection in Medicine in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Germany; Center for Child Protection in Medicine in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li W, Ma D, Mu Q, Zhou X, Hua D, Zhao C, Liu Q, Wang J, Meng F. Mutations and intron polymorphisms in voltage-gated sodium channel genes of different geographic populations of Culex pipiens pallens/Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:29. [PMID: 38622750 PMCID: PMC11017551 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culex pipiens pallens and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus are the dominant species of Culex mosquitoes in China and important disease vectors. Long-term use of insecticides can cause mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene of mosquitoes, but little is known about the current status and evolutionary origins of vgsc gene in different geographic populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the current status of vgsc genes in Cx. p. pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus in China and to investigate the evolutionary inheritance of neighboring downstream introns of the vgsc gene to determine the impact of insecticides on long-term evolution. METHODS Sampling was conducted from July to September 2021 in representative habitats of 22 provincial-level administrative divisions in China. Genomic DNA was extracted from 1308 mosquitoes, the IIS6 fragment of the vgsc gene on the nerve cell membrane was amplified using polymerase chain reaction, and the sequence was used to evaluate allele frequency and knockdown resistance (kdr) frequency. MEGA 11 was used to construct neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. PopART was used to build a TCS network. RESULTS There were 6 alleles and 6 genotypes at the L1014 locus, which included the wild-type alleles TTA/L and CTA/L and the mutant alleles TTT/F, TTC/F, TCT/S and TCA/S. The geographic populations with a kdr frequency less than 20.00% were mainly concentrated in the regions north of 38° N, and the geographic populations with a kdr frequency greater than 80.00% were concentrated in the regions south of 30° N. kdr frequency increased with decreasing latitude. And within the same latitude, the frequency of kdr in large cities is relatively high. Mutations were correlated with the number of introns. The mutant allele TCA/S has only one intron, the mutant allele TTT/F has three introns, and the wild-type allele TTA/L has 17 introns. CONCLUSIONS Cx. p. pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus have developed resistance to insecticides in most regions of China. The neighboring downstream introns of the vgsc gene gradually decreased to one intron with the mutation of the vgsc gene. Mutations may originate from multiple mutation events rather than from a single origin, and populations lacking mutations may be genetically isolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Center for Disease Prevention and Control, YinChuan, 750004, NingXia, People's Republic of China
| | - Delong Ma
- Jinan Shizhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Qunzheng Mu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Weifang No. 2 People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- Beijing Daxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102600, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Hua
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Chunchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou Q, He H, Li Q, Zhao J, Wang L, Luo Z, Wang X, Chen Y. Patient and public involvement (PPI) in systematic reviews: frequency, determinants, stages, barriers, and dissemination. J Clin Epidemiol 2024:111356. [PMID: 38604271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency, determinants, stages, and barriers of patient and public involvement (PPI) in systematic reviews, and to explore its association with the dissemination of reviews. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We examined systematic reviews that required the inclusion of a PPI declaration, published in The BMJ between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2022. Multivariable analysis was used to assess the association between PPI and key variables. We investigated the association between PPI and the dissemination of reviews using Altmetric scores, citations, and full-text views. RESULTS A total of 217 systematic reviews were included, of which 56 (25.8%, 95% CI 20.0% to 31.6%) included PPI, with a steady increase from 5.9% (1/17) in 2015 to 44.4% (4/35) in 2022. Of the 217 systematic reviews, 160 (73.7%) involved methodologists as co-authors. Factors significantly associated with a higher proportion of PPI included the publication year after 2019 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26 to 4.83), the involvement of methodologists (aOR 3.08; 95% CI 1.27 to 7.47), and being led by researchers from high-income countries (aOR 5.47; 95% CI 1.23 to 24.30). Reviews that included PPI had higher Altmetric scores per month (6.6 vs. 3.4, P=0.002) and more monthly full-text (1048.6 vs. 636.5, P<0.001) and PDF (217.7 vs. 129.0, P<0.001) views than reviews without PPI. However, there was no difference in the monthly citations (2.2 vs. 2.0, P=0.365) between reviews with and without PPI. CONCLUSION The proportion of systematic reviews reporting PPI in The BMJ has increased over time, possibly due to journal policies, but it still remains at a low level. Reviews led by researchers from high-income countries or involving methodologists are associated with a higher frequency of PPI within The BMJ. Furthermore, reviews incorporating PPI within The BMJ have a higher potential for broad dissemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;; Lanzhou University, an Affiliate of the Cochrane China Network, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongfeng He
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qinyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Junxian Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;; Chinese Patient and Public Guidelines Alliance, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Research Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;; WHO Collaborating Centre for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge Translation, Lanzhou, China;; Chinese Patient and Public Guidelines Alliance, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saucedo M, Deneux-Tharaux C. [Maternal mortality in France, 2016-2018, frequency, causes and women's profile]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2024; 52:185-200. [PMID: 38373492 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe, for the 2016-2018 period, the frequency, causes and risk factors of maternal deaths in France. METHOD Data from the National Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths for 2016-2018. RESULTS For 2016-2018, 272 maternal deaths occurred in France up to 1 year after the end of pregnancy, i.e a maternal mortality ratio of 11.8 per 100,000 live births (95 % CI 10.4-13.3), and 8.5 (IC 95 % 7.4-9.8) for maternal mortality up to 42 days. Compared to women aged 20-24, the risk of maternal death is multiplied by 2.6 for women aged 35-39, by 5 for women aged 40 and over. Obese women are twice as frequent among maternal deaths (26 %) than in the general population of parturients (11 %). There are territorial disparities -the maternal mortality ratio in the French overseas departments is 2 times higher than in metropolitan France (significant difference but smaller than in 2013-2015)-, and social disparities -the mortality of migrant women remains higher than that of women born in France, particularly for women born in sub-Saharan Africa whose risk is 3 times higher than that of native women. One in three women who died (34 %) had socio-economic vulnerability versus 22 % in the overall population of parturients. Among causes of maternal deaths, the predominant role of psychiatric conditions (mostly suicides) is confirmed for the period 2016-2018, leading cause of maternal mortality considered up to 1 year (17 %), MMR of 1.9/100,000 NV. i.e. approximately one death from psychiatric causes every 3 weeks. Cardiovascular diseases are the second leading cause of maternal mortality up to one year (14 %) and the leading cause up to 42 days (16 %), with 1.3 deaths per 100,000 NV. Amniotic fluid embolism ranks as the third cause (8 %) (2nd cause, 11 %, for MM limited to 42 days), i.e. MMR of 0.9 per 100,000 NV. After a regular decline over the last decade, maternal mortality from obstetric hemorrhage is at a stable level compared to the previous triennium 2013-2015, MMR of 0.9/100,000 NV, i.e 5th cause of MM up to one year (7 %) and 4th cause of MM up to 42 days. CONCLUSION The overall national maternal mortality ratio does not show a downward trend, even with constant surveillance method. Territorial inequalities persist but change in their magnitude and in the regions concerned. The profile of the causes of maternal mortality up to one year of the pregnancy end shows the leading role of suicides and cardiovascular diseases, which illustrates that the health of pregnant women or those who have recently given birth is not limited to the obstetric domain, and highlights the importance of multidisciplinarity in the management and organization of care for women in this period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Saucedo
- Équipe EPOPé, épidémiologie obstétricale périnatale et pédiatrique, CRESS U1153, Inserm, université Paris Cité, 123, boulevard Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France.
| | - Catherine Deneux-Tharaux
- Équipe EPOPé, épidémiologie obstétricale périnatale et pédiatrique, CRESS U1153, Inserm, université Paris Cité, 123, boulevard Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun X, Zhou X, Li S, Ji L. Association between frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 209:111027. [PMID: 38000665 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the association between the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The retrospective study analyzed data from 3,630 patients with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled between August 2020 and July 2021. 2456 non-insulin-treated patients were divided into SMBG ≤ 6 times/week and > 6 times/week groups. 1174 insulin-treated patients were divided into SMBG ≤ 9 times/week and > 9 times/week groups. Propensity score matching was used to generate groups with well-balanced covariates. Primary outcomes were changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) from baseline to 6 months. RESULTS In the non-insulin-treated group, a comparison in FBG and PBG reduction between the SMBG > 6 times/week and ≤ 6 times/week groups was statistically significant (-0.59 vs. -0.18 mmol/l, P < 0.001; -0.91 vs. -0.36 mmol/l, P < 0.001). In the insulin-treated group, there was no statistically significant reduction in FBG or PBG, patients with baseline FBG > 8 or 9 mmol/l and SMBG > 9 times/week had a significant FBG reduction than the ≤ 9 times/week group. CONCLUSION Frequent SMBG was associated with better glycemic control in non-insulin-treated patients. Insulin-treated patients with poor glycemic control may benefit from frequent SMBG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, 11th South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, 11th South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- Sinocare Inc., No. 265, Guyuan Road Hi-tech Zone, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, 11th South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Terefe B, Jembere MM, Chekole B, Assimamaw NT, Gebeyehu DA. Frequency of cigarette smoking and its associated factors among men in East Africa: a pooled prevalence analysis of national survey using multinomial regression. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:668. [PMID: 38429672 PMCID: PMC10908029 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the harmful effects of smoking, there have been few studies to pinpoint the factors of this habit, and little is known about it in the East African region. For this reason, this study sought to determine the frequency and factors of cigarette smoking among men in the region. METHODS Data from recent demographic and health surveys carried out in ten East African countries between 2015 and 2022 were analyzed in this study. Data from 87,022 men was collected. The key factors affecting the smoking rates in the area were investigated using binary and multiple multinomial logistic regression. To ascertain if variables were statistically significant in the final model for binary regression and multiple regression, P values of ≤ 0.2 and < 0.05 were used respectively. RESULTS Overall, about 14.69% of people currently smoke cigarettes. Of this about 11.03 (95% CI = 10.82, 11.24) was for daily active tobacco use. As compared to < 26-year-old men, men with an age range of 26-35 years (RRR = 2.17, 95% CI: 2.01,2.34), 36-45 years (RRR = 2.82, 95% CI: 2.60, 3.07), and > 45 years old (RRR = 3.68, 95% CI: 3.38, 4.02), were using cigarettes daily rather than no-smoking cigarettes. Men who had begun their first sexual intercourse at the age of 7-19 years (RRR = 6.27,95% CI, 5.35,7.35), 20-25 years (RRR = 4.01, 95% CI, 3.40,4.72), and greater than 25 years old (RRR = 3.08, 95% CI, 2.55,3.71) have shown a higher relative risk ratio to smoke cigarette daily rather than using not smoke cigarette respectively, married (RRR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.79,0.93), divorced or widowed (RRR = 2.51, 95% CI, 2.27,2.77), middle wealth index (RRR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.98,2.24), and rich (RRR = 1.44, 95% CI, 1.34,1.54), secondary/higher education (RRR = 0.72, 05% CI, 0.66,0.77), rural men (RRR = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.65,0.73), employed men (RRR = 1.26,95% CI, 1.17,1.36), mass media exposure (RRR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.73,0.81), men who have one sex partner (RRR = 1.23,95% CI,1.13,1.35), and more than one sex partner (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.47,1.79) more times as compared to those participants who had no sex partner respectively. CONCLUSIONS Men in East African nations were substantially more likely to smoke cigarettes if they were older, had less education, had a higher wealth index, were divorced or widowed, had many sexual relationships, had early sexual activity, resided in an urban area, were employed, or had no media exposure. The identified factors should be considered by policymakers and public health professionals to lower smoking initiation and increase smoking cessation among men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bewuketu Terefe
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Post Office Box: 196, Ethiopia.
| | - Mahlet Moges Jembere
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Chekole
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Southern, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Tezera Assimamaw
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Ayelegne Gebeyehu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spodniak M, Hovanec M, Korba P. A novel method for the natural frequency estimation of the jet engine turbine blades based on its dimensions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26041. [PMID: 38375260 PMCID: PMC10875592 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study provides a novel methodology for the natural frequency estimation of the jet engine turbine blade by using the dimension check. This paper presents a summarization of the ongoing research devoted to the method for the turbine blade natural frequency estimation. The main target of the research presented in the paper is to develop a novel method that can calculate the natural frequency of a particular turbine blade by using the dimensions of investigated turbine blade from a dimension check. This goal is achieved by the combination and interaction of several methods as for instance computed aided design (CAD) finite element modelling (FEM), artificial neural network (ANN) and others. As it is mentioned in the following chapters of the article a unique novel method is developed that can predict natural frequency according to the dimensions. The results confirmed the correctness of the new methodology, which can predict natural frequency by the dimensions of a turbine blade immediately with a relatively high level of accuracy (maximal errors are under 1.5%). Every jet engine manufacturer (GE aviation, Rolls Royce, Prat and Whitney, etc.) has to test jet engine parts for the natural frequencies in order to avoid the resonance at early stage of the manufacturing process in order to mount the blades into the engine. The experimental tests of every single turbine blade are time-consuming, a novel method can predict natural frequency according to the dimensions by using data from dimension check in 0.0051 s. The presented method is under patent pending.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Spodniak
- Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Kosice, Rampova 7, 041 21, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Michal Hovanec
- Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Kosice, Rampova 7, 041 21, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Korba
- Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Kosice, Rampova 7, 041 21, Kosice, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Itkonen S, Häikiö T, Vainio S, Lehtonen M. LASTU: A psycholinguistic search tool for Finnish lexical stimuli. Behav Res Methods 2024:10.3758/s13428-024-02347-x. [PMID: 38389029 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-024-02347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
LASTU is a tool for searching for Finnish language stimulus words for psycholinguistic studies. The tool allows the user to query a number of properties, including forms, lemmas, frequencies, and morphological features. It also includes two new measures for quantifying lemma and form ambiguity. The tool is written in Python and is available for Windows and macOS platforms. It is available at https://osf.io/j8v6b/ . Included with the tool is a database based on a massive corpus of dependency-parsed Finnish language data crawled from the Internet (over 5 billion tokens). While LASTU has been developed for researchers working on the Finnish language, the openly available implementation can also be applied to other languages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Itkonen
- University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rooddehghan Z, Karimi H, Mohammadnejad E, Sayadi L, Haghani S, Karimi R. Missed nursing care in emergency departments: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Emerg Med 2024; 24:22. [PMID: 38350845 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-024-00936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Missed care refers to the omission or delay in performing any aspect of patient's care (either a part of the care or the entire care). Currently, missed care has become a growing concern at the international level, which threatens the quality and safety of care and cases many unwanted consequences. This study aims to investigate the frequency and types of missed nursing care in the emergency departments of selected hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. METHODS This is a cross-sectional and descriptive- observational study that was conducted with the aim of determining the frequency and types of missed nursing care in the emergency departments of selected hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences from January 2020 to June 2020. The research community included all nursing care offered in the designated areas, as well as all nurses working in the emergency departments of selected hospitals. Finally, 146 nurses were selected by census method. The information was collected by self-reporting method and the researcher's observation. Demographic information questionnaire, a researcher-made checklist were used to determine the frequency and types of missed nursing care. 384 observations were made for each item. Descriptive statistics methods were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The area of checking equipment and emergency trolley(mean = 81.80) had the lowest and the area of patient communication(mean = 55.72) had the highest level of missed care. CONCLUSIONS The level of missed nursing care in the emergency departments of selected hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences was found to be high and the highest amount was related to the field of communication with the patient. Therefore, it is recommended that the details of missed nursing care in each area should be considered by nursing managers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rooddehghan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Karimi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadnejad
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Sayadi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Nursing & Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Haghani
- Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raoofeh Karimi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park Y, Qu W, Ammerman BA. Characteristics and Functions of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury That Inform Suicide Risk. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38314767 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2310556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although non-suicidal self-injury (i.e., NSSI) has been suggested as a robust risk factor of suicide, NSSI related information that is most related to suicide risk remains unclear. Commonly studied NSSI characteristics are its frequency and the number of methods endorsed. However, it may not be merely how frequent or how many different methods that matters, but "why," which alludes to the importance of NSSI functions (or why individuals engage in NSSI). Thus, this study examined how the interactions between NSSI characteristics and functions are associated with suicide risk. METHODS Undergraduate students (n = 820) with a lifetime history of NSSI, filled out self-report measures on NSSI and suicide risk. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the moderation effects between four 2-way interactions (i.e., method X intrapersonal; method X interpersonal; frequency X intrapersonal; frequency X interpersonal) on suicide risk. RESULTS Main effects of all four independent variables were statistically significant. In terms of interactions, the intrapersonal function moderated both the effects of NSSI frequency and methods on suicide risk, whereas the interpersonal function moderated the effects of NSSI frequency on suicide risk. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that some NSSI related information than others are more indicative of suicide risk. In particular, the combination of NSSI functions, along with its frequency and number of methods, holds promise when assessing for current and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cheng Q, He J, Yang S, Xiong X, Luo Y. A novel 3D evaluation method for surface defects using broadband laser-generated Rayleigh waves with wavenumber analysis. Ultrasonics 2024; 138:107258. [PMID: 38335921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
To address the issues of large imaging errors for small defects and the difficulty in depth evaluation using local wavenumber estimation for surface defect imaging, a novel three-dimensional (3D) evaluation method for surface defects using broadband laser-generated Rayleigh waves with wavenumber analysis is proposed. A finite element model is established to investigate the interaction between the Rayleigh wave and the surface defect and reveal the wavenumber change mechanism of the non-dispersive Rayleigh wave in the case of defects. It is discovered that when the Rayleigh wave encounters the surface defect, various mode-converted scattered waves are generated, resulting in the appearance of new components with wavenumbers lower than that of the incident Rayleigh wave in the wavenumber domain. Additionally, the maximum amplitude of the Rayleigh wave in the B-scan image increases as the defect depth increases. Based on the simulation analysis, a 3D evaluation method for surface defects is proposed. Firstly, the scattered Rayleigh wave caused by the defect is extracted using frequency-wavenumber analysis. Secondly, a space-frequency-wavenumber analysis is used to determine the local wavenumber of the scattered Rayleigh wave for defect imaging. Finally, the defect depth is estimated by analyzing the maximum amplitude of the Rayleigh wave. A surface defect detection experiment is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can suppress noise interference and accomplish high-precision imaging of small surface defects compared to the traditional method. Moreover, the method can establish a linear mapping relationship between the defect depth and the maximum amplitude of the Rayleigh wave for depth evaluation. The research results can provide a potential application for the 3D evaluation of surface defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shixi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai 200444, China; School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongshui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Windey Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, Zhao W, Song M, Wang J, Cai Q. CCLOOW: Chinese children's lexicon of oral words. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:846-859. [PMID: 36881355 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we introduce the Chinese Children's Lexicon of Oral Words (CCLOOW), the first lexical database based on animated movies and TV series for 3-to-9-year-old Chinese children. The database computes from 2.7 million character tokens and 1.8 million word tokens. It contains 3920 unique character and 22,229 word types. CCLOOW reports frequency and contextual diversity metrics of the characters and words, as well as length and syntactic categories of the words. CCLOOW frequency and contextual diversity measures correlated well with other Chinese lexical databases, particularly well with that computed from children's books. The predictive validity of CCLOOW measures were confirmed with Grade 2 children's naming and lexical decision experiments. Further, we found that CCLOOW frequencies could explain a considerable proportion in adults' written word recognition, indicating that early language experience might have lasting impacts on the mature lexicon. CCLOOW provides validated frequency and contextual diversity estimates that complements current children's lexical database based on written language samples. It is freely accessible online at https://www.learn2read.cn/ccloow .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bermingham KM, May A, Asnicar F, Capdevila J, Leeming ER, Franks PW, Valdes AM, Wolf J, Hadjigeorgiou G, Delahanty LM, Segata N, Spector TD, Berry SE. Snack quality and snack timing are associated with cardiometabolic blood markers: the ZOE PREDICT study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:121-133. [PMID: 37709944 PMCID: PMC10799113 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snacking is a common diet behaviour which accounts for a large proportion of daily energy intake, making it a key determinant of diet quality. However, the relationship between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic health remains unclear. DESIGN Demography, diet, health (fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic blood and anthropometrics markers) and stool metagenomics data were assessed in the UK PREDICT 1 cohort (N = 1002) (NCT03479866). Snacks (foods or drinks consumed between main meals) were self-reported (weighed records) across 2-4 days. Average snacking frequency and quality [snack diet index (SDI)] were determined (N = 854 after exclusions). Associations between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic blood and anthropometric markers were assessed using regression models (adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, physical activity level and main meal quality). RESULTS Participants were aged (mean, SD) 46.1 ± 11.9 years, had a mean BMI of 25.6 ± 4.88 kg/m2 and were predominantly female (73%). 95% of participants were snackers (≥ 1 snack/day; n = 813); mean daily snack intake was 2.28 snacks/day (24 ± 16% of daily calories; 203 ± 170 kcal); and 44% of participants were discordant for meal and snack quality. In snackers, overall snacking frequency and quantity of snack energy were not associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. However, lower snack quality (SDI range 1-11) was associated with higher blood markers, including elevated fasting triglycerides (TG (mmol/L) β; - 0.02, P = 0.02), postprandial TGs (6hiAUC (mmol/L.s); β; - 400, P = 0.01), fasting insulin (mIU/L) (β; - 0.15, P = 0.04), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; β; - 0.04, P = 0.04) and hunger (scale 0-100) (β; - 0.52, P = 0.02) (P values non-significant after multiple testing adjustments). Late-evening snacking (≥ 9 pm; 31%) was associated with lower blood markers (HbA1c; 5.54 ± 0.42% vs 5.46 ± 0.28%, glucose 2hiAUC; 8212 ± 5559 vs 7321 ± 4928 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01 and TG 6hiAUC; 11,638 ± 8166 vs 9781 ± 6997 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01) compared to all other snacking times (HbA1c remained significant after multiple testing). CONCLUSION Snack quality and timing of consumption are simple diet features which may be targeted to improve diet quality, with potential health benefits. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER AND WEBSITE NCT03479866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866?term=NCT03479866&draw=2&rank=1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Bermingham
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- ZOE Ltd, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Emily R Leeming
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana M Valdes
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Linda M Delahanty
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Galvis M, Díaz JD, Cuartas DE, Tovar JR, Fernandez-Trujillo L, Sua LF. Chronic disease prevalence in a population with structural hemoglobin disorders undergoing diabetes diagnosis: A bayesian approach. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23855. [PMID: 38223742 PMCID: PMC10787264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Structural disorders of hemoglobin are a group of rare and fatal genetic diseases that disrupt the transport and exchange of oxygen in the blood, causing tissue damage and ultimately leading to chronic conditions. The hemoglobin (Hb) S variant predominantly impacts individuals of Afro-descendant heritage. A significant concentration of the Afro-descendant population in Colombia, notably 12.5 %, is found in the city of Cali. Previous research has identified this city's structural hemoglobin disorders prevalence rate of 3.78 %. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HbC, HbS, HbF, and HbA2 variants within a population who underwent HbA1c testing, as well as the prevalence of chronic diseases among patients with these hemoglobin alterations, at a high-complexity hospital in the city of Cali from 2015 to 2019. Methods A descriptive observational study was conducted, involving a study population that comprised patients with both suspected and monitored diagnoses of diabetes. The cohort was selected from a high-complexity hospital in Cali. A total of 15,608 patients were included in the analysis, all of whom underwent HbA1C measurement through capillary electrophoresis, which also offers an indirect diagnosis of certain structural disorders of hemoglobin. Bayesian methods were employed for frequency analysis. Results Among the 15,608 patients assessed, 63.6 % (n = 9920) were women. The overall prevalence of structural hemoglobin disorders was 1.98 % (n = 287, 95 % CI = 1.77 %-2.21 %). The co-occurrence of diabetes and kidney disease emerged as the most prevalent combination of pathologies observed in individuals with HbC, for both men and women across various age groups: 18-42 (58.3 % and 50.0 % respectively), 43-55 (50.0 % for both), 56-65 (50.0 % and 37.5 % respectively), and >65 years (66.7 % and 57.1 % respectively). Conclusions The observed prevalence of the studied variants exceeded 1 %, a threshold underscored by the World Health Organization (WHO) as epidemiologically significant. Among HbC and HbS-positive patients, the elevated prevalence of diabetes and kidney disease is a guiding factor in developing proactive prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryory Galvis
- Universidad del la Valle, Colombia
- Universidad Libre. Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan D. Díaz
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia
| | | | - José R. Tovar
- Universidad del Valle. Director of Statistics School, Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia
| | - Liliana Fernandez-Trujillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology Service. Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia
| | - Luz F. Sua
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Emami SZ, Lynch VA, Banazadeh M. Forensic nursing in the emergency department: the distance between nurses' performed role behaviors and their perception of behaviors' importance. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:23. [PMID: 38184615 PMCID: PMC10771659 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency department nurses often deal with victims of violence and trauma. In the emergency department, the main focus is on saving lives and stabilizing patients' conditions. The next important task is to preserve any valuable evidence that could potentially help identify a crime. It is important to describe how nurses currently practice in the emergency department and perceive their role in caring for forensic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of performance and perception of the importance of forensic nursing role behaviors among emergency department nurses as well as the correlation between mean scores of performance and perception. METHODS This is a cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. This non-observational survey study used a questionnaire to investigate the frequency of performance and perception of the importance of forensic nursing role behaviors among 274 emergency department nurses. RESULTS The total mean scores for frequency of performed behaviors and their perceived importance were 2.36±0.65 and 4.23±0.64 respectively. The overall mean scores of importance were significantly higher than frequency. There was a significant correlation between the frequency of performance and perception of the importance of twenty-eight items (twenty-four positive correlations and 4 negative correlations) (p<0.05). The frequency of performed behaviors positively correlated with participants' type of shift worked and their personal experiences of legal and judicial claims. The female gender of respondents positively correlated with behaviors' perceived importance. CONCLUSION The study revealed a significant discrepancy between the frequency of forensic nursing role behaviors performed and their perceived importance in the emergency department. This gap emphasizes the pressing requirement for forensic nursing subjects to be incorporated into graduate and undergraduate nursing curricula, as well as ongoing training programs and courses. It is crucial to establish and implement forensic nursing protocols for the care of trauma victims, and to foster collaboration between healthcare systems, law enforcement, and forensic investigators to streamline the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Zare Emami
- Student of Emergency Nursing, School of Nursing, Research Committee Student, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Virginia A Lynch
- University of Colorado, 514 Hopi Circle, Colorado SpringsDivide, CO, 80814, USA
| | - Marjan Banazadeh
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Taleghani Boulevard, Taleghani Square, Karaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abdellatef H, Karam LJ. Reduced-complexity Convolutional Neural Network in the compressed domain. Neural Netw 2024; 169:555-571. [PMID: 37952391 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Deep neural networks have achieved outstanding performance in computer vision tasks. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) typically operate in the spatial domain with raw images, but in practice, images are usually stored and transmitted in their compressed representation where JPEG is one of the most widely used encoder. Also, these networks are computationally intensive and slow. This paper proposes performing the learning and inference processes in the compressed domain in order to reduce the computational complexity and improve the speed of popular CNNs. For this purpose, a novel graph-based frequency channel selection method is proposed to identify and select the most important frequency channels. The computational complexity is reduced by retaining the important frequency components and discarding the insignificant ones as well as eliminating the unnecessary layers of the network. Experimental results show that the modified ResNet-50 operating in the compressed domain is up to 70% faster than the spatial-based traditional ResNet-50 while resulting in similar classification accuracy. Moreover, this paper proposes a preprocessing step with partial encoding to improve the resilience to distortions caused by low-quality encoded images. Finally, we show that training a network with highly compressed data can achieve a good classification accuracy with up to 93% reduction in the storage requirements of the training data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamdan Abdellatef
- School of Engineering - Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Lina J Karam
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song L, Fu W, Li W, Liu L, Wang S. The influence of high-temperature frequency variation on the life-history traits of pyridaben-sensitive and -resistant strains of Tetranychus truncatus. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:109-122. [PMID: 38172470 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With a generally warming global climate, the number of Tetranychus truncatus specimens in the Hexi region in China has been increasing. As ectotherms, the growth and development of T. truncatus are greatly affected by changes in environmental temperature. The effect of heatwaves on organisms depends on a delicate balance between damage and repair periods. Therefore, we simulated nine patterns of periodically recurring changes in the frequency of high-temperature days using an intraday gradual temperature change model to study and compare the effects on the development and reproduction of pyridaben-sensitive and -resistant strains of T. truncatus. The results showed that the influence of the frequency of high-temperature days on developmental stages, longevity and fecundity was different between the two strains. The egg and immature stages of the sensitive strain were all affected by hot days, whereas the adult stage was less affected by the frequency. The egg stage of the resistant strain was less affected; it was mainly affected in the immature and adult stages. Under the moderate condition of increasing the proportion of days at normal temperature, the longevity of the resistant strain gradually increased and reached a maximum at a 1:3 frequency, and then it decreased with the increase in high-temperature days. The longevity of the sensitive strain was less affected by frequency, and there was no significant difference between most treatment and control groups. In addition, both sensitive and resistant strains were able to complete growth and development under all nine frequencies of high-temperature days, but the reproductive rate was lower than it was at normal temperatures, indicating that both strains of T. truncatus adapted to high temperatures at the expense of reduced reproduction rates. This lays a key theoretical foundation for predicting the occurrence of agricultural pest populations under the background of climate warming and developing appropriate control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Song
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Wenhua Fu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wenliang Li
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Senshan Wang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baradwan S, Alshahrani MS, Khadawardi K, Ghazi A, Badghish E, Alsawy IR, Hegazy MA, Marai AA, Rashed AR, Elsayed TS, Ibrahim EM, Abdelhakim AM, Elsharkawy S. Twice-Weekly Versus Once-Weekly Membrane Sweeping in the Prevention of Post-Term Pregnancy: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:56-65. [PMID: 37500977 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane sweeping is considered a simple and effective method for initiating spontaneous onset of labor. Despite the widely accepted membrane sweeping use to prevent post-term birth, the optimal frequency has not been estimated. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of twice-weekly versus once-weekly membrane sweeping in post-term pregnancy prevention. Four different databases were searched for available clinical trials from inception to October 2022. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared twice-weekly membrane sweeping in intervention group versus once-weekly membrane sweeping in control group among pregnant women with singleton pregnancy at ≥ 39 gestational weeks. Our primary outcomes were the rate of spontaneous onset of labor and the requirement for formal methods of labor induction. Our secondary outcomes were sweeping to delivery interval in days, gestational age at delivery in weeks, Bishop score at admission, chorioamnionitis, and premature rupture of membranes. Three RCTs (596 patients) were included. Twice-weekly membrane sweeping was associated with significant increase in the rate of spontaneous onset of labor and significant decline in labor induction rate in comparison with once-weekly group. Duration from sweeping to delivery was significantly shorter among the twice-weekly group (p<0.001). Furthermore, gestational age at delivery was significantly earlier in the twice-weekly group. A significantly higher Bishop score at admission was observed in the twice-weekly group (p=0.02). There were no significant differences across both groups in chorioamnionitis and premature rupture of membranes. In conclusion, twice-weekly membrane sweeping is more effective in preventing post-maturity pregnancy than once-weekly sweeping without added adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Khadawardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ghazi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Jeddah University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Badghish
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Ramadan Alsawy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Hegazy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Tamer Salah Elsayed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Mohamed Abdelhakim
- Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- , Present address: 395 Portsaid street, Bab el-Kalq, Cairo, (Postal code: 11638), Egypt.
| | - Suzan Elsharkawy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hirjak D, Brandt GA, Fritze S, Kubera KM, Northoff G, Wolf RC. Distribution and frequency of clinical criteria and rating scales for diagnosis and assessment of catatonia in different study types. Schizophr Res 2024; 263:93-98. [PMID: 36610862 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive assessment of catatonic symptoms is decisive for diagnosis, neuronal correlates, and evaluation of treatment response and prognosis of catatonia. Studies conducted so far used different cut-off criteria and clinical rating scales to assess catatonia. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine the frequency and distribution of diagnostic criteria and clinical rating scales for assessing catatonia that were used in scientific studies so far. METHODS We conducted a systematic review using PubMed searching for articles using catatonia rating scales/criteria published from January 1st 1952 (introduction of catatonic schizophrenia to first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM]) up to December 5th, 2022. RESULTS 1928 articles were considered for analysis. 1762 (91,39 %) studies used one and 166 (8,61 %) used ≥2 definitions of catatonia. However, 979 (50,7 %) articles did not report any systematic assessment of catatonia. As for clinical criteria, DSM criteria were used by the majority of studies (n = 290; 14.0 %), followed by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) criteria (n = 61; 2.9 %). The Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) was found to be by far the most frequently utilized scale (n = 464; 22.4 % in the respective years), followed by Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale (NCRS) (n = 31; 1.5 % in the respective years). CONCLUSION DSM and ICD criteria as well as BFCRS and NCRS were most frequently utilized and can therefore be recommended as valid instruments for the assessment of catatonia symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Geva A Brandt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Fritze
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katharina M Kubera
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Northoff
- Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Christian Wolf
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hill C. [Trends in the frequency of cancer in France]. Bull Cancer 2024; 111:33-36. [PMID: 37858423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
We present and discuss recent data on the frequency of cancer in France. In the male population, the incidence of cancer has been stable since 2010 and mortality is decreasing; changes in the incidence of all cancers are dominated by changes in the incidence of prostate cancer, which is highly dependent on the extent of screening. In the female population, cancer incidence is rising and mortality is falling; the increase in the incidence of all cancers is partly due to the rise in the incidence of lung cancer, a consequence of women taking up smoking in the early 1970s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hill
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Poblete R, Cortes E, Pérez N, Rodríguez CA, Luna-Galiano Y. Treatment of landfill leachate by combined use of ultrasound and photocatalytic process using fly ash as catalyst. J Environ Manage 2024; 349:119552. [PMID: 37948962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes, such as sonophotocatalysis and photocatalysis, have been proven to be interesting alternatives for the effective treatment of old landfill leachates. Since there is no specific information about which parameters help to improve the treatment efficiency when using fly ash (FA) in a sonophotoreactor, this research focuses on evaluating the use of an ultrasound process (US) combined with a photo-Fenton process, with FA as a catalyst for the first time. The removals of colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and aromatic compounds (UV 254) present in landfill leachates were studied using a factorial design, where the effect of different loads of FA (1, 1.5, and 2 g FA/L), pH (pH = 3, 6, and 8.9), and US frequency irradiation (576, 864, and 1138 kHz) on the efficiency of photo-Fenton was evaluated. The highest removals of COD (40.7%), colour (36.8%), and UV 254 (50.8%) were achieved adjusting the pH to 3, adding 2 g of FA/L, and applying 576 kHz of US frequency. It was found that pH is the parameter that has the highest effect on pollutant removal (95% confidence level). In addition, the removals of COD, colour, and UV 254 increased at lower pH values and US frequency. Also, the presence of Fe2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 in the FA under UV irradiation and ultrasound process, improved the removal of complex organic matter present in the landfill leachate, where HO• was the most important radical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Poblete
- Universidad Católica Del Norte, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Escuela de Prevención de Riesgos y Medioambiente, 1780000, Coquimbo, Chile.
| | - Ernesto Cortes
- Universidad Católica Del Norte, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Escuela de Prevención de Riesgos y Medioambiente, 1780000, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Norma Pérez
- Universidad Católica Del Norte, Facultad de Ciencias Del Mar, Escuela de Prevención de Riesgos y Medioambiente, 1780000, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - C A Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad de La Serena, 1305 Raúl Bitrán Av., La Serena, 1700000, Chile
| | - Yolanda Luna-Galiano
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de Los Descubrimientos S/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shen LY, Fu XF, Zeng Q, Mao XW, Hong QY, Liu XJ, Li HQ, Hu H. Comparison of the efficacy of different frequency electroacupuncture in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome patients with abdominal obesity. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2023; 48:1266-1273. [PMID: 38146250 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effects of 2 Hz continuous wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave setting in electroacupuncture(EA) on ovulation frequency, hormone levels, body fat parameters, quality of life and depression-anxiety level in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with abdominal obesity. METHODS PCOS patients with abdominal obesity were randomly divided into low-frequency group (n=29) and dilatational wave group (n=29). Patients in both groups were treated with "Tongtiaodaimai" (regulating Dai Meridian) acupuncture therapy, and EA was applied to bilateral Daimai (GB26), Tianshu (ST25), Shenshu (BL23) and Ciliao (BL32). The low-frequency group received EA using a continuous wave at a frequency of 2 Hz, while the dilatational wave group received dilatational wave at a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz. Both groups received treatment for 30 min each time, 3 times per week for 12 consecutive weeks. Ovulation frequency was calculated according to the ovulation cycle. The contents of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were detected with electrochemiluminescence method. Body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and body mass index (BMI) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. PCOS questionnaire (Chi-PCOSQ), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were evaluated. RESULTS Compared with before treatment, both the low-frequency group and the dilatational wave group showed an increase in ovulation frequency (P<0.01, P<0.05), and a decrease in BW, BMI, WC, WHtR, and SDS score (P<0.01, P<0.05);the dilatational wave group showed decreased serum AMH contents (P<0.05) and increased serum SHBG contents (P<0.05), the scores related to acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea in the Chi-PCOSQ increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the low-frequency group, the dilatational wave group showed a reduction (P<0.05) in WC after treatment. CONCLUSIONS 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is equally effective as 2 Hz low-frequency EA in improving ovulation frequency. In terms of reducing WC in abdominal obesity type PCOS patients, 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is superior to 2 Hz low-frequency EA. 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA can decrease serum AMH, increase serum SHBG, and improve symptoms of acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Shen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101300, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Fu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, Guangzhou 510120
| | - Qin Zeng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xue-Wen Mao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Qiu-Yang Hong
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Shunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101300, China
| | - Huan-Qin Li
- Acupuncture Center, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010.
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Diarra S, Coulibaly T, Dembélé K, Ngouth N, Cissé L, Diallo SH, Ouologuem M, Diallo S, Coulibaly O, Bagayoko K, Coulibaly D, Simaga A, Sango HA, Traoré M, Jacobson S, Fischbeck KH, Landouré G, Guinto CO. Hereditary spastic paraplegia in Mali: epidemiological and clinical features. Acta Neurol Belg 2023; 123:2155-2165. [PMID: 36396882 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-022-02113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of neurodegenerative diseases divided into pure and complex forms, with spasticity in lower limbs only, or associated with other neurologic and non-neurologic manifestations, respectively. Although widely reported in other populations, very little data exist in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Patients with neurodegenerative features were evaluated over a 19-month period at the Department of Neurology, Teaching Hospital of Point "G", Bamako, Mali. The diagnosis of HSP was considered based on family history and the absence of other known non-genetic causes. Genetic analysis including candidate gene and whole exome sequencing was performed and variant pathogenicity was tested using prediction tools and ACMG guidelines. RESULTS Of the 170 families with hereditary neurological disorders enrolled, 16 had features consistent with HSP, a frequency of 9%. The average age of onset was 14.7 years with 46% starting before age 6. The male/female ratio was 2.6:1. Complex forms were seen in 75% of cases, and pure forms in 25%. Pyramidal findings were present in all patients. Associated features included mental retardation, peripheral neuropathy, epilepsy, oculomotor impairment and urinary urgency. Most patients were treated with a muscle relaxant and physical therapy, and restorative surgery was done in one. Genetic testing identified novel variants in three families (19%). CONCLUSION This study confirms the clinical variability of HSPs and adds African data to the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salimata Diarra
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Neurogenetics Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Coulibaly
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, CHU du Point "G", Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Nyater Ngouth
- Neuroimmunology Division, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lassana Cissé
- Service de Neurologie, CHU du Point "G", Bamako, Mali
| | - Seybou H Diallo
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali
| | | | | | - Oumar Coulibaly
- Service de Chirugie Pédiatrique, CHU de Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali
| | - Koumba Bagayoko
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Assiatou Simaga
- Institut d'Ophtalmologie Tropicale de l'Afrique (IOTA), Bamako, Mali
| | - Hammadoun A Sango
- DER de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mahamadou Traoré
- Service de Cytogénétique et de la Réproduction Biologique, INSP, Bamako, Mali
| | | | | | - Guida Landouré
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali.
- Neurogenetics Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Service de Neurologie, CHU du Point "G", Bamako, Mali.
| | - Cheick O Guinto
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, CHU du Point "G", Bamako, Mali
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kwon Y, Chilton LK, Kim H, Franz JR. The effect of prolonged walking on leg muscle activity patterns and vulnerability to perturbations. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2023; 73:102836. [PMID: 37979335 PMCID: PMC10842795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the consequences and ecological relevance of muscle fatigue is important to guide the development of strategies to preserve independence. However, few studies have examined walking-related fatigue and the effects on walking instability. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of prolonged walking on leg muscle activity and vulnerability to balance perturbations. Eighteen healthy young adults completed a 30-min walking trial at their preferred walking speed while leg muscle activities were recorded. Before and after the 30-min walk, participants responded to five 5% body weight lateral force perturbations. Time-frequency analysis with wavelet transformation and principal component analyses assessed neuromuscular adaptations of muscles to prolonged walking. Following prolonged walking, we observed a time-dependent increase in EMG intensities at slower frequencies for the soleus and tibialis anterior and a decrease in mean amplitudes for the soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, and semitendinosus. Mean mediolateral CoM displacement following perturbations averaged 21% larger after the 30-min walk. Our results suggest that walking for 30 min at a comfortable speed elicits complex neuromuscular adaptations indicative of local muscle fatigue and an increased vulnerability to walking balance perturbations. These findings could inform fatigue monitoring systems or walking assistive devices aimed at reducing walking-related fatigue and maintaining independent mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Lillian K Chilton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea; Department of Software Convergence, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jason R Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Micai M, Fatta LM, Gila L, Caruso A, Salvitti T, Fulceri F, Ciaramella A, D'Amico R, Del Giovane C, Bertelli M, Romano G, Schünemann HJ, Scattoni ML. Prevalence of co-occurring conditions in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105436. [PMID: 37913872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review estimates the prevalence of co-occurring conditions (CCs) in children and adults with autism. A comprehensive search strategy consulting existing guidelines, diagnostic manuals, experts, carers, and autistic people was developed. PubMed and PsycInfo databases from inception to May 2022 were searched. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019132347. Two blind authors screened and extracted the data. Prevalence estimates for different CCs were summarized by using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were performed for age groups (children/adolescents vs adults) and study designs (population/registry-based vs clinical sample-based). Of 19,932 studies, 340 publications with about 590,000 participants were included and meta-analyzed to estimate the prevalence of 38-point prevalence, 27-lifetime, and 3 without distinction between point and lifetime prevalence. Point prevalence of developmental coordination disorder, sleep-wake problem, gastrointestinal problem, ADHD, anxiety disorder, overweight/obesity, feeding and eating disorder, elimination disorder, disruptive behavior, and somatic symptoms and related disorder were the most frequent CCs. Prevalence differed depending on the age group and study design. Knowing specific CCs linked to autism helps professional investigations and interventions for improved outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Micai
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Maria Fatta
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Gila
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Caruso
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Salvitti
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fulceri
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto D'Amico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Del Giovane
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bertelli
- CREA (Research and Clinical Centre), San Sebastiano Foundation, Misericordia di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Directorate General of Health Prevention, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Holger Jens Schünemann
- Michael G. DeGroote Cochrane Canada and McMaster GRADE Centres, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Scattoni
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tardy L, Gonnet L, Breyton M, Gardette F, Guivarch J. [Sensory regulation disorders in child psychiatry]. Encephale 2023; 49:617-623. [PMID: 36443135 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The processing of sensory information determines the development and growth of a child's abilities. Dysfunction in the processing of sensory stimuli can affect a child's behavior and can disrupt development. Sensory Regulation Disorders are frequently associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with the DSM-5 even including it as a diagnostic criterion. However, they are also observed in other neurodevelopmental disorders. At present, the frequency of Sensory Regulation Disorders in children consulting child psychiatry has never been evaluated, although it seems to be a population at risk. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of sensory regulation disorders in children between 3 and 6 years old who first consult a child psychiatrist in Marseille. To determine whether certain reasons for consultation are correlated with the presence of sensory regulation disorders. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted for four months in Marseille. Sensory regulation disorders were assessed by the second version of Dunn's short sensory profile. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients were included. A significant difference was found between the frequency of SRT in our primary child psychiatry population and the general population. Subgroup analyses according to the reason for consultation showed that there would be more SRT in the Motor Instability/Inattention, Conduct Disorder and Socialization Disorder subgroups. CONCLUSION We observed a higher frequency of SRT in the child psychiatry consultation population. SRT could explain, or at least partly participate in, the children's symptomatology. The results are in favor of an early detection of SRT in the population of children consulting child psychiatry. The evaluation of the sensory profiles of these children allows a better understanding of the child's functioning and an adjustment of the intervention and support strategies proposed to the family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Tardy
- AP-HM (Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille), 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - L Gonnet
- CEDDE (Centre d'évaluation diagnostique du développement de l'enfant), 13008 Marseille, France
| | - M Breyton
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Institut de neurosciences des Systèmes (INS) UMR1106, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - F Gardette
- ISRP (Institut supérieur de rééducation psychomotrice), 13009 Marseille, France
| | - J Guivarch
- Aix-Marseille université, AP-HM, Institut de neurosciences de la Timone, AMU, CNRS, CanoP, UMR 7289, 13005 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bouqoufi A, Lahlou L, Ait El Hadj F, Abdessadek M, Obtel M, Khabbal Y. Prevalence, motivation, and associated factors of medicinal herbs consumption in pregnant women from Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: a systematic review. Pharm Biol 2023; 61:1065-1081. [PMID: 37452524 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2229388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Worldwide access to medication remains a major public health problem that forces pregnant women to self-medicate with several sources, such as medicinal plants. This alternative medicine is increasing in many low- and high-income countries for several reasons. OBJECTIVE This a systematic literature review on the prevalence of herbal use during pregnancy from the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office. METHODS Cross-sectional studies were searched from January 2011 to June 2021 on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We used the Rayyan website to identify the relevant studies by screening the abstracts and titles. These were followed by reading the full texts to identify the final studies to be included. The data were extracted, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the quality appraisal tool. RESULTS Of the 33 studies included in this review, 19 were conducted in Iran, 5 in Saudi Arabia, 4 in Palestine, 2 in Egypt, and 1 each in Oman, Iraq, and Jordan; the prevalence of herbal medicine use among pregnant women varied from 19.2% to 90.2%. Several plants were mentioned for pain management during the pregnancy period. The findings suggest family and friends are major motivating sources for the use of herbal medicine. CONCLUSIONS The wide variety of herbal products used in this study reflects the traditions and geographic diversity of the region. Despite the importance of literature-based data about the use of herbal medicine, it is necessary to obtain knowledge, attitude, and motivation for herbal consumption among pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Bouqoufi
- Laboratory of Innovation Research in Health Sciences, Therapeutic Innovation, Translational Research, and Epidemiology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Laila Lahlou
- Laboratory of Innovation Research in Health Sciences, Therapeutic Innovation, Translational Research, and Epidemiology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Fatima Ait El Hadj
- Laboratory of Innovation Research in Health Sciences, Therapeutic Innovation, Translational Research, and Epidemiology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Abdessadek
- Laayoune Higher School of Technology, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Majdouline Obtel
- Social Medicine, Public Health, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Khabbal
- Laboratory of Innovation Research in Health Sciences, Therapeutic Innovation, Translational Research, and Epidemiology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang C, Chen B, Li H, Liu X, Zhou G, Gou G. Propagation characteristics of ultrasonic in SLM manufactured AlSi10Mg. Ultrasonics 2023; 135:107134. [PMID: 37639832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Porosity is a crucial quality evaluation criterion in metal additive manufacturing. To investigate the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic longitudinal waves with different incident frequencies in AlSi10Mg prepared by selective laser melting, specimens with varying porosity were created using printing process adjustments. Ultrasonic longitudinal wave tests and COMSOL simulations based on 2.5 MHz, 3.5 MHz, 5 MHz, and 7.5 MHz incident frequencies were carried out to establish a linear relationship between average wave velocity, average attenuation coefficient, and porosity at different frequencies. Results indicate that sound velocity and porosity are inversely proportional for each frequency longitudinal wave, while the attenuation coefficient is proportional to the porosity. Linear fitting expressions suggest that the best fit for both sound velocity and attenuation coefficient occurs at 5 MHz. Simulation results demonstrate that using 5 MHz as the incident frequency can better balance detection sensitivity and linearity. These findings provide more data support for establishing the intrinsic connection between acoustic parameters and porosity of AlSi10Mg prepared by selective laser melting in the selected area and serve as a reference for selecting ultrasonic incident frequencies in practical inspection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Bing Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - HuiMin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Gaojie Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Guoqing Gou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Barbosa Escobar F, Wang QJ. Tasty vibes: Uncovering crossmodal correspondences between tactile vibrations and basic tastes. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113613. [PMID: 37986468 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The interest in crossmodal correspondences individually involving the senses of touch and taste has grown rapidly in the last few decades. Several correspondences involving different tactile dimensions (e.g., hardness/softness, roughness/smoothness) have been uncovered, such as those between sweetness and softness and between roughness and sourness. However, a dimension that has been long overlooked, despite its pervasiveness and importance in everyday experiences, relates to tactile vibrations. The present study aimed to fill this gap and investigate crossmodal correspondences between basic tastes and vibrations. In the present study (N = 72), we uncovered these associations by having participants sample basic taste (i.e., sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami) aqueous solutions and chose the frequency of vibrations, delivered via a consumer-grade subwoofer wristband on their dominant hand, that they most strongly associated with each taste. We found that sourness was most strongly associated with frequencies around 98 Hz, and that sweetness and umami were associated with frequencies around 77 Hz. These correspondences may, to different extents, be based on affective and semantic mechanisms. The findings have relevant implications for theoretical research on multisensory integration and perception and the potential future applications of these associations, through wearable technologies, to enhance eating experiences and promote healthier eating habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Barbosa Escobar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Marketing, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Qian Janice Wang
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Makwana M, Patel AM. Identification of microbes using single-layer graphene-based nano biosensors. J Mol Model 2023; 29:382. [PMID: 37987806 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Graphene based nano sensors have huge potential in an era of sensor technology. The objective of this study is to create a sensor by investigating the vibration responses of cantilever and bridged boundary conditioned single layer graphene sheets (SLGS) with various attached microorganisms on the tip and at the centre of the sheet. The Parvoviridae, Flaviviridae, and Polyomaviridae biological substances have been comprehensively investigated here. For the Parvoviridae, Polyomaviridae, and Flaviviridae categories of targeted microbes, the sizes are 21nm, 40nm, and 45nm, respectively. The Parvoviridae family has a maximum frequency of 1.87x107 Hz with a cantilever condition and a mass of 4.2441 Zg, and for a bridged condition, it demonstrates a maximum frequency of 1.23x108 Hz with the same mass on armchair SLG (5 5). The data analysis shows that 3.0041 Zg mass of the Mimivirus has the lowest frequency. It demonstrates explicitly that the rate of frequency decreases as the value of mass increases. When compared to chiral SLG, the armchair single layer graphene sheet performs better. The research indicates that the dynamic properties are significantly influenced by the mass of various biological organisms. The application of this sensor will enable the detection of microorganisms or viruses that can be connected to SLG. METHODS In this research, the application of Single Layer Graphene (SLG) as a virus sensing device is explored. Atomistic finite element method (AFEM) has been used to carry out the dynamic analysis of SLG. Molecular dynamic analysis and simulations have been performed to see how SLG behaves when employed as sensors for biological entities and when they are exposed to bridged and cantilever boundary conditions. The frequency analysis was performed using ANSYS APDL software. SLG of various chirality has been utilised in the investigation. By altering the applied mass of a biological object, the difference in frequency observed. The idea behind mass detection employing nano biosensors is built on the concept that the stiffness of a biomolecule changes as its mass changes, making the resonant frequency extremely sensitive to that change. A shift in the resonance frequency results from a change in the associated mass on the graphene sheet. The main challenge in mass detection is estimating the variation in resonant frequency driven by the mass of the connected molecule. The SLG-based biosensor has a specific application in the early identification of diseases. The biosensor investigated in this article is novel, whereas the biosensors that are presently on the market operate using the ionization method. The simulations result shows SLG based biosensor's sensitivity considerably faster than an existing one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Makwana
- Mechanical Engineering Department, A D Patel Institute of Technology, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ajay M Patel
- Mechatronics Engineering Department, G.H. Patel College of Engineering & Technology, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pellen N, Reste JYL, Argouarc'h J. Modelling the spread of cystic fibrosis in Brittany using genealogical data over five centuries. J Cyst Fibros 2023:S1569-1993(23)01679-X. [PMID: 37985320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The French region of Brittany presents one of the highest cystic fibrosis (CF)-causing allele frequency in Europe. Here, we tested two hypotheses: i) CF-causing allele carriers arrived by sea in the middle of the 1st millennium AD, and ii) a selective advantage for healthy carriers explains this high rate. METHODS From the census of cystic fibrosis patients, frequency maps of the most widespread alleles were established. A mathematical model was developed, based on birth date and place of the ancestors of these patients over 5 centuries, to determine the distribution of local migrations and their parameters for inter-generational intervals of 32 years. This model was applied to simulate the spread of CF-causing variant carriers, according to different scenarios that corresponded to the immigration of a given number of variant carriers at different times (year) and places, and to compare their results to current frequency maps. RESULTS Migrants carrying a CFTR variant settled in several locations, around which they spread, notably in Central Brittany (F508del variant), Léon (G551D variant) and Cornouaille (1078delT variant). Until the end of the 18th century, the spreading of disease-causing allele carriers was relatively slow, and allele frequencies progressively increased. Then, the mean migration distances increased rapidly, leading to a decline in local frequencies. CONCLUSIONS The main CFTR variants could only have reached their current frequencies through a selective advantage for healthy carriers of the order of 4-6 % at each generation. For the most widespread variant (F508del), the model supports the hypothesis that it appeared around 190 generations ago.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Pellen
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, FR 29238, France.
| | - Jean-Yves Le Reste
- ER 7479 SPURBO, University of Western Brittany, 22, av. Camille Desmoulins, Brest, FR 29238, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mohammed U, Muhammad SH, Kasimu UA, Salihu A, Ladan A. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NON-NEOPLASTIC OVARIAN LESIONS SEEN IN A TERTIARY HEALTH CENTRE IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:S24. [PMID: 37976344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian lesions may present as enlargements of the ovary and may occur at any age. Non-neoplastic enlargements develop almost exclusively during the childbearing years. They may be asymptomatic or, in rare cases, cause acute symptoms due to complications and account for the most prevalent cause of hospital admissions. They frequently form a pelvic mass and potentially mimic an ovarian neoplasm. Objective To study the frequency and histopathological classification of non-neoplastic ovarian lesions in a tertiary institution in North-western Nigeria. Methodology A retrospective study in which surgical biopsy specimens seen over a 9-year period were reviewed with respect to age and histopathological characteristics. Results A total of 83 non-neoplastic lesions were histologically diagnosed during the period under review. They constitute 5.16 % and 40.9 % of both gynaecological and ovarian samples received respectively. Of which 33.7% were Corpus luteum, 13.3% were both Follicular cysts and simple cysts respectively. Luteoma of pregnancy and Infarction constitute 9.6% each respectively. Endometriosis and no pathology as part of TAH, 6.0% respectively. Ovarian ectopic gestation was 4.8% cases, Nonspecific inflammation (oophoritis) 2.4%, and 1.2% complex cyst. Majority of cases 45.8% occurred among women in the third decade and 26.5% in the fourth decade, cases within the fifth decade were 9.6% and the second decade constituted 8.4% cases. Conclusion Ovarian non-neoplastic lesions are common in our environment; they potentially mimic ovarian neoplasms thereby posing a diagnostic challenge. Proper classifications are important for appropriate management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Mohammed
- Department of Histopathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Email
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang XH, Cui H, Zheng SM, Lu Y, Yuan HW, Zhang L, Wang HH, Du RS. Electroacupuncture regulates microglial polarization via inhibiting NF-κB/COX2 pathway following traumatic brain injury. Brain Res 2023; 1818:148516. [PMID: 37562566 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are important pathological mechanisms following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The NF-κB/COX2 pathway regulates neuroinflammation and oxidative damage, while microglia also play an important role in neuroinflammation. Since NF-κB is involved in microglial polarization, targeting this pathway and microglial polarization is a critical component of TBI treatment. Currently, electroacupuncture (EA) is widely used to treat various symptoms after TBI, but the mechanisms of EA remain poorly understood. Additionally, the optimal frequency of EA remains unclear, which affects its efficacy. This study focuses on exploring the optimal frequency parameters of EA on TBI and investigating the underlying mechanisms of EA through NF-κB/COX2 pathway and microglial polarization. METHODS The study was divided into two parts. In Experiment 1, 42 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were induced and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 6). Except for the sham group, all rats underwent controlled cortical impact (CCI) to establish TBI model. Four EA groups (with different frequencies) and manual acupuncture (without current stimulation) received stimulation on the acupoints of Shuigou (GV26), Fengchi (GB20) and Neiguan (PC6) once a day for 7 days. The neurological function was assessed by modified Neurological Severity Scores (mNSS), and the rats' memory and learning were examined by the Morris water maze (MWM). SOD, MDA, and GSH-Px were detected to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Detection of the above indicators indicated a treatment group that exerted the strongest neuroprotection against TBI, we then conducted Experiment 2 using this screened acupuncture treatment to investigate the mechanism of acupuncture. 48 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12): sham, TBI model, acupuncture and PDTC (NF-κB inhibitor). Evaluations of mNSS, MWM test, SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were the same as in Experiment 1. Western blot was applied for detecting the expression levels of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, COX2, and Arg-1. TUNEL was used to examine neuronal apoptosis. Brain structure was observed by H&E. Iba-1, COX2, and Arg-1 were investigated by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS EA with frequency of 2/100 Hz markedly improved neuronal and cognitive function as compared to the other treatment groups. Moreover, it downregulated the expression of MDA, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and upregulated the levels of SOD and GSH-Px. In addition, Both EA with 2/100 Hz and PDTC reduced the levels of p-NF-κB, COX2 and M1 markers (COX2, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and increased the levels of M2 markers (Arg-1, IL-10). Moreover, they had similar effects on reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis, and improving neuronal and cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS The collective findings strongly suggest that EA with 2/100 Hz can improve neurologic function by suppressing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Additionally, we confirm that EA promotes microglial polarization towards the M2 phenotype through the suppression of NF-κB/COX2 pathway, thus exerting neuroprotective effects after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hai Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shu-Mei Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Wen Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Hong Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ruo-Sang Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Berhan A, Solomon Y, Getie B, Damtie S, Legese B, Chanie A, Almaw A. The frequency of ABO and Rhesus(D) blood group antigens among blood transfused patients in Northern Ethiopia, 2023: Retrospective study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22313. [PMID: 38045168 PMCID: PMC10692891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Data about the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups is important for effective blood utilization, which is maintained by identifying the most clinically required blood type. However, there is a scarcity of data in Ethiopia about the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood-transfused patients, particularly in the study area. Objective To determine the frequency of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood transfused patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northern Ethiopia, 2023. Method A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from September 1 to September 30, 2022, to determine the frequency of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood-transfused patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The study was conducted on data from blood-transfused patients from October 2019 to June 2022. A total of 3762 blood transfused patients' data was collected from the blood transfusion log book records. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned using Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed for descriptive statistics using Stata version 14.0. Result A total of 3762 blood-transfused patients were included in the study. Of those, females made up 57.3 % (2156/3762). Of 3762 blood transfused patients, the majority (33.9 %, 1277/3762) had ABO blood group B, and 81.3 % (3060/3762) of the blood transfused patients were RhD-positive. Eight thousand three hundred fifteen units of whole blood were transfused to 3762 patients, with a mean of 2.2 units of blood transfused per patient. Furthermore, the majority of the study participants 42.82 %, (1611/3762) were given two units of blood, and 8.77 % (330/3762) were given four units of blood. Conclusion Most of the study participants had B and RhD-positive blood groups. The majority of the blood transfused patients were females. Most of the blood was transfused in the medical ward, and whole blood was transfused for all patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayenew Berhan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yenealem Solomon
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Getie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Shewaneh Damtie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Legese
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Awoke Chanie
- Dessie Compressive Specialized Hospital Laboratory, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Andargachew Almaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Batist CH, Razafindraibe MN, Randriamanantena F, Baden AL. Bioacoustic characterization of the black-and-white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata) vocal repertoire. Primates 2023; 64:621-635. [PMID: 37584832 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Ruffed lemurs (Varecia spp.) exhibit a unique suite of behavioral traits compared to other lemur species, which includes their fluid fission-fusion social dynamics, communal rearing of parked litters, and pronounced frugivory in their humid rainforest habitats. Given these traits, and the dense rainforests they inhabit, vocal communication may be key to maintaining social cohesion, coordinating infant care, and/or defending their high-quality food resources. Indeed, they are known for their raucous 'roar-shriek' calls. However, there has been surprisingly little research on vocal communication in Varecia species and only two previously published repertoires, both of which were qualitative descriptions of their calls. In this study, we quantitatively examined the vocal repertoire of wild black-and-white ruffed lemurs (Varecia variegata) at Mangevo, Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. We characterized 11 call types using 33 bioacoustic parameters related to frequency, duration, tonality, and composition. We also used discriminant function analysis and hierarchical clustering to quantitatively and objectively classify call types within the black-and-white ruffed lemur vocal repertoire. The repertoire consists of both monosyllabic and multisyllabic calls that are individually given or emitted in contagious choruses. Eight of the 11 calls were also used in combination or in larger multi-call sequences. The discriminant function analysis correctly assigned call types with 87% success, though this varied greatly by call type (1-65%). Hierarchical clustering identified 3-4 robust clusters, indicating low clustering structure in the data and suggesting that V. variegata exhibits a graded vocal repertoire. Future work should consider the environmental and behavioral contexts in which calls are used to better understand the function of these call types and combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Batist
- Department of Anthropology, The CUNY Graduate Center, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY, USA.
- Rainforest Connection (RFCx), Katy, TX, USA.
| | - M N Razafindraibe
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Institut International de Science Sociale, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - A L Baden
- Department of Anthropology, The CUNY Graduate Center, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chowdhary P, Badgal P, Bhat MA, Shakoor SA, Mir BA, Soodan AS. Phytoliths analysis in root, culm, leaf and synflorescence of Rostraria cristata (Poaceae). J Plant Res 2023; 136:787-801. [PMID: 37550551 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoliths (siliceous structures) present in the plants have been employed in the fields of taxonomy and archaeology for many decades. Rostraria cristata is an economically important grass species (Poaceae) which accumulates silica in its different organs in the form of phytoliths. In order to understand the pattern of phytolith production and biochemical architecture of silica in R. cristata, leaf epidermis (blade) using the clearing solution method and different organs using the dry ashing method, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques were analyzed. Both abaxial and adaxial leaf epidermis showed the presence of acute bulbosus, rectangular sinuate and stomata phytolith morphotypes. Leaf including sheath and blade had the highest silica content. Characteristic phytolith morphotypes were present in different organs. A total of 34 phytolith morphotypes were present among which nine (9) were articulated and 25 were isolated forms. The most abundant were elongate scrobiculate (48.20%) in root and rectangular sinuate (26.16%) in leaf part. Other common phytolith morphotypes present in different organs of R. cristata were articulated elongate irregular, articulated elongate scrobiculate, acute bulbosus, and polygonal rondel etc. Leaf and synflorescence had the highest similarity based on presence/absence of phytolith morphotypes (Jaccard's similarity index). XRD studies revealed the presence of cristobalite, quartz, tridymite, zeolite etc. forms of silica in different organs. FTIR spectra showed that inplane stretching vibration of Si-C was unique to root, anti-symmetric stretching vibration of C-H was unique to leaf and Al2O3.SiO2 was found in synflorescence only. Our results show the characteristic pattern of phytoliths production in R. cristata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Chowdhary
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| | - Priya Badgal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mudassir Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Sheikh Abdul Shakoor
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir (North Campus), Delina, Baramulla, J&K, India.
| | - Amarjit Singh Soodan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hamdaoui O, Alghyamah A. Application of the general rate law model to the sonolytic degradation of nonvolatile organic pollutants in aqueous media. Ultrason Sonochem 2023; 100:106606. [PMID: 37748263 PMCID: PMC10522862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The pseudo-first and pseudo-second order equations have been the most commonly used models to characterize the sonolytic disappearance kinetics of nonvolatile pollutants in aqueous media. In this work, the general rate law model, i.e., pseudo-nth order kinetics equation, was applied for the first time to the sono-decomposition of different nonvolatile organic pollutants, naphthol blue black (NBB), furosemide (FSM), 4-isopropylphenol (4-IPP), and rhodamine B (RhB), in water. It was shown that the general rate law for a chemical reaction would apply to the kinetics of sonochemical decomposition. It is not feasible to set the order of ultrasonic pollutant degradation kinetics to pseudo-first or pseudo-second, as is typically used in numerous studies. The sonochemical oxidation reaction has a fractional order, the order is often non-integer, which frequently indicates a complex sonolytic decomposition reaction mechanism. The degradation mechanism of NBB and RhB does not change with the initial substrate concentration. They are ultrasonically degraded by hydroxyl radicals both in the bulk liquid solution and at the liquid/bubble interfacial layer. The destruction mechanism of FSM and 4-IPP changes as the initial contaminant concentration changes. At low initial substrate concentrations, these pollutants are oxidized mainly by reaction with hydroxyl radicals in the bulk liquid solution and at the interfacial shell of the cavitation bubbles. At high initial substrate concentrations, FSM and 4-IPP are degraded by thermal destruction in the liquid/bubble interfacial layer and by •OH radicals both in the bulk liquid solution and at the liquid/bubble interfacial layer. Additionally, the pseudo-nth order model predicts very well the sonolytic degradation at various sonication frequencies and intensities. The general rate law expression should be used to assess the real kinetics order of the sonolytic destruction process without any predetermined assumptions or constraints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oualid Hamdaoui
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz Alghyamah
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Khan Laghari I, Nawaz T, Mustafa S, Jamali AA, Fatima S. Role of multi-strain probiotics in preventing severity and frequency of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:505. [PMID: 37817096 PMCID: PMC10566059 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory tract infections are among the most common infections in the pediatric population throughout the globe. Globally around 20% of all deaths in children below 5 years of age are secondary to acute respiratory infections, mostly pneumonia. Probiotics are live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Their mechanism in preventing respiratory tract infections is not known but it is thought that probiotics act by modulating the immune system. This study was conducted to find out whether using probiotics is effective in decreasing the severity and frequency of recurrent respiratory tract infections or not. METHODS A Quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Pediatric Medicine Department of Abbassi Shaheed Hospital Karachi during 2021-2022. The study was approved by the institutional ethical review committee i.e. advanced studies and research board (ASRB). The sampling technique was non-probability consecutive sampling and the sample size was 70 patients with recurrent respiratory tract infections, aged six months to 12 years of age. All enrolled children were given probiotics containing Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus Acidophilus for two weeks. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Out of 70 children with recurrent respiratory tract infections, 39 (55.71%) were male and 31 (44.29%) female. Around 75% of the children were below five years of age. The most common presenting complaint was fever (72.86%), followed by cough (68.57%), wheezes (45.71%) and nasal discharge/sneezing (32.86%), respectively. The most common RRTI was infectious rhinitis (30% of the cases), otitis media (24%) and pharyngitis/tonsillitis (21%). After giving probiotics for two weeks most significant decrease was found in recurrent infectious rhinitis (p-value 0.02), recurrent otitis media (p-value 0.03) and recurrent bronchiolitis (p-value 0.05) over the next six months. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that the administration of probiotics reduces recurrent respiratory tract infections among children. This six months trial has demonstrated that there was a significant decline in respiratory symptoms among study participants. This study also observed a significant decrease in respiratory diseases during the follow-up.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kamali Y, Almasi R, Moradi HR, Fathollahi S. Intraspecific anatomical variations of the extensor tendons of the carpus and digits with a reexamination of their insertion sites in the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris): a cadaveric study. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:197. [PMID: 37814315 PMCID: PMC10561507 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency of variations of the extensor tendons of the carpus and digits in the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) with a reexamination of their insertions as well as the morphometric measurements of the tendons and the brachioradialis muscle. In total, we investigated 68 paired thoracic limbs of the domestic dog (16 females and 18 males) which were fixed in a 10% formalin solution. RESULTS The extensor carpi radialis (ECR) tendons showed striking variations in both splitting and insertion sites. In 4.4% of dissections, ECR had three tendons. Of these tendons, the extra tendon either attached independently on the fourth metacarpal bone (one right) or joined its counterpart tendon at the distal end (cross-connections) (one bilateral). It is worth mentioning that one of the ECR tendons split into two or three slips which inserted on the first, second, third, or fourth metacarpal bone in 11 (16.2%) of the specimens. In addition, we found a long tendinous slip originating from the ECR tendons to digit II or III in 7.4% of the distal limbs. The most common type of contribution to digit III was a third tendon of the extensor digiti I et II (ED III) joining the extensor digitorum lateralis (EDL III) with a frequency of 17.6%. In other types of variations, the contribution to digit III was incomplete. A part of the abductor pollicis longus (APL) deep to the superficial part of the flexor retinaculum seemed to continue up to the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon. CONCLUSIONS The rare intraspecific variations of the extensor tendons of the manus described in the current research are valuable from both clinical and phylogenetic perspectives. Nonetheless, their functional importance needs more studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younes Kamali
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reyhaneh Almasi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moradi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathollahi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rait LI, Murty VP, DuBrow S. Contextual familiarity rescues the cost of switching. Psychon Bull Rev 2023:10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1. [PMID: 37803231 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Changes in context influence the way we form and structure memories. Yet, little is known about how qualitatively different types of context switches shape memory organization. The current experiments characterize how different features of context change influence the structure and organization of free recall. Participants completed a context switching paradigm in which we manipulated the rate of switches and prior experience with the contexts participants were switching between (repeated vs. novel). We measured free-recall performance and determined the extent to which participants organized items by the order in which they were encoded or the type of context with which they were originally presented. Across two experiments, we found and replicated that rapidly switching to novel, but not repeated contexts, impaired memory recall performance and biased memory towards a greater reliance on temporal information. Critically, we observed that these differences in performance may be due to distinctions in how participants organize their recalls when rapidly switching contexts. Results indicated that participants were less likely to only cluster their responses by the same context when the contexts were repeating at a high rate, as compared to when the contexts were novel. Overall, our findings support a model in which contextual familiarity rescues the costs associated with rapidly switching to new tasks or contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay I Rait
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Vishnu P Murty
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah DuBrow
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Muanjai P, Haas C, Sies W, Mittag U, Zange J, Schönau E, Duran I, Kamandulis S, Rittweger J. Effect of Whole-body Vibration frequency on muscle tensile state during graded plantar flexor isometric contractions. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:405-415. [PMID: 37965131 PMCID: PMC10641229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute physiological and biomechanical alterations have been reported following whole-body vibration (WBV). Stiffening of muscles has only been anecdotally reported in response to WBV. Accordingly, this study investigated active plantar flexor muscle stiffness in response to a single WBV bout at four mechanical vibration frequencies. Methods Thirteen healthy adults (37.1 ± 14.4 years old) randomly received WBV in 4 different frequencies (6, 12, 24, and 0 Hz control) for 5 min. Shear wave speed (SWS) in longitudinal and transverse projections, architecture, and electric muscle activity were recorded in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) muscle during graded plantar flexor contraction. Subjective rating of perceived muscle stiffness was assessed via Likert-scale. Results SWS of the MG at rest was enhanced in response to 5 min of 24 Hz WBV (p = 0.025), while a small reduction in SOL SWS was found during contraction (p = 0.005) in the longitudinal view. Subjective stiffness rating was increased following 12 Hz intervention. After 24 Hz WBV, pennation angle for MG was decreased (p = 0.011) during contraction. As a secondary finding, plantar flexor strength was significantly increased with each visit, which, however, did not affect the study's main outcome because of balanced sequence allocation. Conclusion SWS effects were solely limited to 24 Hz mechanical vibration and in the longitudinal projection. The observed effects are compatible with an interpretation by post-activation potentiation, warm-up, and force-distribution within the triceps surae muscles following 5 min WBV. The outcome may suggest SWS as a useful tool for assessing acute changes in muscle stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pornpimol Muanjai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Allied Health Sciences Faculty, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
- Exercise and Nutrition Innovation and Sciences Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Chris Haas
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wolfram Sies
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Mittag
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Jochen Zange
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schönau
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, Cologne University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Duran
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, Cologne University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xue YQ, Xiao JA, Chen Y. Frequency and Treatment Regimens of Macular Edema in 1946 Consecutive Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis at a Tertiary Ophthalmic Center in Shaanxi, China. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2609-2619. [PMID: 37440091 PMCID: PMC10441883 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the frequency of uveitic macular edema (UME) in patients with different types of noninfectious uveitis and present the primary treatment methods for UME at a specialized eye center in Shaanxi Province, China. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, noninterventional, observational survey involving 1946 patients with noninfectious uveitis (2816 eyes). The collected data included sex, age of uveitis onset, age of UME onset, anatomical classification of uveitis, and the treatment administered to UME patients. RESULTS Of the 1946 patients with noninfectious uveitis, 929 (47.74%) were male and 1017 (52.26%) were female. The average age of all participants in the study was 42.19 ± 15.34 years, with average age at uveitis onset of 39.50 ± 15.52 years. Among the patients, 1003 (51.54%), 239 (12.28%), 410 (21.07%), and 294 (15.11%) had anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis, respectively. UME was observed in 134 (6.89%) of the uveitis patients. The average age of UME patients was 47.33 ± 17.17 years, with average age at uveitis onset of 45.78 ± 17.20 years. Out of the 134 UME patients, 3 (0.30%), 15 (6.28%), 47 (11.46%), and 69 (23.47%) had anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis, respectively. Among them, 37 were lost to follow-up, 44 received adalimumab (ADA) combined with low-dose prednisone and with or without conventional immunosuppressants, 19 received interferon-α2a therapy, 14 received intravitreal corticosteroid injections (such as dexamethasone implant or fluocinolone acetonide), 11 received low-dose corticosteroids combined with conventional immunosuppressants, 5 received only oral prednisone, and 4 received repeated peribulbar or subconjunctival injections of triamcinolone acetonide. CONCLUSIONS At our tertiary ophthalmic center in Shaanxi Province, China, only 6.89% of patients with noninfectious uveitis were diagnosed with UME. The primary treatment modality for UME in our center is ADA, in accordance with treatment guidelines and the Chinese medical insurance reimbursement system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qi Xue
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, No 21, Jiefang Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-An Xiao
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, No 21, Jiefang Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, No 21, Jiefang Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Korkes F, Gomez-Bueno MP, García-Perdomo HA. Incidence of urological tumors in Down's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:2381-2387. [PMID: 37368086 PMCID: PMC10499742 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some authors have estimated that the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors in individuals with trisomy 21 is more than fivefold higher than that in the general population. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to estimate the incidence of urological tumors in patients with Down's syndrome. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a search strategy in MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from inception to nowadays. We assessed the risk of bias and performed a meta-analysis. Also, the heterogeneity between trials was evaluated by the I2 test. We completed the subgroup analysis based on the type of urological tumor (testis, bladder, kidney, upper urological tract, penile, retroperitoneum). RESULTS We found 350 studies by the search strategy. After carefully reviewing, full-text studies were included. 16,248 individuals with Down's syndrome were included, and 42 patients presented with urological tumors. There was a total incidence of 0.1%, 95%CI (0.06-0.19), I2 61%. The most common urological tumor reported was testicular. We found six studies describing 31 events and an overall incidence of 0.19%, 95%CI (0.11-0.33), I2: 51%. Other studies reported kidney, penile, upper urinary tract, bladder, and retroperitoneum tumors with a very low incidence, 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.03%, 0.11%and 0.07%, respectively. DISCUSSION Regarding non-testicular urological tumors, we found incidences as low as 0.02% in kidney cancer or 0.03% in the upper-urothelial tract tumors. It is also lower than the general population. Compared to the age of onset of patients, it is also lower than the general population, perhaps related to a shorter life expectancy. As a limitation, we found a high heterogeneity and a lack of information regarding non-testicular tumors. CONCLUSION There was a very low incidence of urological tumors in people with Down's syndrome. Testis tumor was the most frequently described in all cohorts and within a normal distribution range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Paula Gomez-Bueno
- UROGIV Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cll 4b #36-00, Cali, Colombia
- Division of Urology/Urooncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Herney Andrés García-Perdomo
- UROGIV Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cll 4b #36-00, Cali, Colombia.
- Division of Urology/Urooncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mavungu Mbuku JM, Mukombola Kasongo A, Goube P, Miltoni L, Nkodila Natuhoyila A, M’Buyamba-Kabangu JR, Longo-Mbenza B, Kianu Phanzu B. Factors associated with complications in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a single-center experience. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:468. [PMID: 37726694 PMCID: PMC10510166 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major public health problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify the determinants of STEMI-related complications in the Cardiology Intensive Care Unit of the Sud Francilien Hospital Center (SFHC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 315 patients with STEMI aged ≥ 18 years. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with the occurrence of complications. RESULTS Overall, 315 patients aged 61.7 ± 13.4 years, of whom 261 were men, had STEMI during the study period. The hospital frequency of STEMI was 12.7%. Arrhythmias and acute heart failure were the main complications. Age ≥ 75 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.92-8.75), hypertension (aOR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.68-5.82), and cigarette smoking (aOR, 3.52; 95% CI, 1.69-7.33) were independent determinants of acute heart failure. Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus (aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.09-3.37), history of atrial fibrillation (aOR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.66-4.76), history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (aOR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.31-2.89), and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (aOR, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.08-6.64) were independent determinants of arrhythmias. CONCLUSION STEMI is a frequent condition at SFHC and is often complicated by acute heart failure and arrhythmias. Patients aged ≥ 75 years, those with hypertension or diabetes mellitus, smokers, those with a history of atrial fibrillation or stroke, and those with low HDL-C levels require careful monitoring for the early diagnosis and management of these complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Mavungu Mbuku
- Unit of cardiology, University of Kinshasa, 58, Avenue Biangala, Righini, Commune Lemba, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Pascale Goube
- Cardiology Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Sud Francilien, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Miltoni
- Cardiology Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Sud Francilien, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Réné M’Buyamba-Kabangu
- Unit of cardiology, University of Kinshasa, 58, Avenue Biangala, Righini, Commune Lemba, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Unit of cardiology, University of Kinshasa, 58, Avenue Biangala, Righini, Commune Lemba, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Bernard Kianu Phanzu
- Unit of cardiology, University of Kinshasa, 58, Avenue Biangala, Righini, Commune Lemba, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Srivastava VM, Nair SC, Sappani M, Manipadam MT, Kulkarni UP, Devasia AJ, Fouzia NA, Korula A, Lakshmi KM, Abraham A, Srivastava A. Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India. Mol Cytogenet 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 37716945 PMCID: PMC10504794 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytogenetic analysis continues to have an important role in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it is essential for prognostication. It is also necessary to diagnose specific categories of AML and to determine the most effective form of treatment. Reports from South Asia are few because the availability of cytogenetic services is relatively limited. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the cytogenetic findings in adults with AML seen consecutively in a single centre in India. The results were categorised according to the 2022 World Health Organisation (WHO), International Consensus Classification (ICC) and European LeukemiaNet (ELN) classifications. RESULTS There were 1791 patients aged 18-85 years (median age 42, 1086 males). Normal karyotypes were seen in 646 (36%) patients. The 1145 (64%) abnormal karyotypes comprised 585 (32.7%) with recurrent genetic abnormalities (RGA), 403 (22.5%) with myelodysplasia-related cytogenetic abnormalities (MRC), and 157 (8.8%) with other abnormalities. There were 567 (31.7%) patients with solitary abnormalities and 299 (16.7%) with two abnormalities. Among the 279 (15.6%) patients with ≥ 3 abnormalities, 200 (11.2%) had complex karyotypes (CK) as per the WHO/ICC and 184 (10.3%), as per the ELN definition. There were 158 (8.8%) monosomal karyotypes (MK). Patients with normal karyotypes had a higher median age (45 years) than those with abnormal karyotypes (40 years, p < 0.001), and those with ≥ 3 abnormalities (43 years), than those with fewer abnormalities (39 years, p = 0.005). Patients with CK (WHO/ICC) and monosomal karyotypes had a median age of 48 years. Those with RGA had a lower median age (35 years, p < 0.001) than MRC (46 years) or other abnormalities (44 years). The t(15;17) was the most common abnormality (16.7%),followed by trisomy 8 (11.6%), monosomy 7/del 7q (9.3%), t(8;21) (7.2%), monosomy 5/del 5q (6.7%) and monosomy 17/del 17p (5.2%). CONCLUSION Our findings confirm the lower age profile of AML in India and show similarities and differences with respect to the frequencies of individual abnormalities compared to the literature. The frequencies of the t(15;17), trisomy 8 and the high-risk abnormalities monosomy 7 and monosomy 5/del 5q were higher, and that of the inv(16), lower than in most reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivi M Srivastava
- Department of Cytogenetics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
| | - Sukesh Chandran Nair
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | - Marimuthu Sappani
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632002, India
| | - Marie-Therese Manipadam
- Department of General Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Maidstone Hospital, Hermitage Lane, Maidstone, ME169QQ, UK
| | - Uday P Kulkarni
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anup J Devasia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
- On leave at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - N A Fouzia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anu Korula
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
- NCCCR, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kavitha M Lakshmi
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aby Abraham
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632501, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gamraoui A, Hamimed S, Landoulsi A, Chatti A. Musico-bioremediation of seafood canning wastewater by Yarrowia lipolytica. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:303. [PMID: 37688626 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of water resources and the harmful effects of wastewater on environment and human health, treatment of wastewater becomes necessary. The present study explored the effect of musical sounds on the biological treatment of seafood canning wastewater by using Yarrowia lipolytica. Our results showed that low frequency (21 Hz to 1356 Hz) and high frequency (21 Hz to 16,214 Hz) musical sounds stimulated the growth of Y. lipolytica and increased the polluant removal efficiency. Such treatment decreased significantly the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and salinity as well as the color of this wastewater. Our study revealed that low frequency musical sounds are more effective in COD (87.5%) and salinity (44%) reduction as well as the decolorization (86.46%) of this effluent. Additionally, after 7 days of incubation significant yeast cell dry biomass (3.46 ± 0.22 g/L) and single cell proteins (46.45 ± 0.7 mg/g) were obtained under low frequency waves. Musico-bioremediation represents an innovative ecotechnological approach to wastewater treatment with low operating costs and significant environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afef Gamraoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Selma Hamimed
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Abdelwaheb Chatti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ziereis A, Schacht A. Validation of scrambling methods for vocal affect bursts. Behav Res Methods 2023:10.3758/s13428-023-02222-1. [PMID: 37673809 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies on perception and cognition require sound methods allowing us to disentangle the basic sensory processing of physical stimulus properties from the cognitive processing of stimulus meaning. Similar to the scrambling of images, the scrambling of auditory signals is aimed at creating stimulus instances that are unrecognizable but have comparable low-level features. In the present study, we generated scrambled stimuli of short vocalizations taken from the Montreal Affective Voices database (Belin et al., Behav Res Methods, 40(2):531-539, 2008) by applying four different scrambling methods (frequency-, phase-, and two time-scrambling transformations). The original stimuli and their scrambled versions were judged by 60 participants for the apparency of a human voice, gender, and valence of the expressions, or, if no human voice was detected, for the valence of the subjective response to the stimulus. The human-likeness ratings were reduced for all scrambled versions relative to the original stimuli, albeit to a lesser extent for phase-scrambled versions of neutral bursts. For phase-scrambled neutral bursts, valence ratings were equivalent to those of the original neutral burst. All other scrambled versions were rated as slightly unpleasant, indicating that they should be used with caution due to their potential aversiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Ziereis
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Anne Schacht
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Affective Neuroscience and Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Azeez TA, Durotoluwa IM, Makanjuola AI. Diabetes Mellitus as a risk factor for stroke among Nigerians: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev 2023; 18:200189. [PMID: 37250184 PMCID: PMC10220413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is one of the modifiable risk factors for stroke. Stroke is common in Nigeria, but there is a paucity of national data on the frequency of diabetes in stroke. This study aimed to estimate to what extent diabetes a risk factor for stroke in Nigeria. Methods The study design is a systematic review, and the PRISMA guidelines were strictly followed. African Journal Online (AJOL), PubMed, SCOPUS and Google Scholar were systematically searched. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality, heterogeneity was determined with the I2 statistic, and the DerSimonian Laird random effect model was selected for the meta-analysis. Results The studies were distributed across different regions of the country. The total sample size was 9397. The weighted average age of the patients with stroke was 53.7 years. The attributable risk of diabetes in stroke, among Nigerian patients, was 0.20 (95% CI: 0.17-0.22; p < 0.0001). The attributable risk has been rising steadily since the advent of the new century, and it is relatively higher in southern Nigeria. Conclusion The attributable risk of diabetes in stroke, among Nigerian patients is high. This varies across the regions but it is rising progressively nationally.
Collapse
|
49
|
Montoya S, Badde S. Only visible flicker helps flutter: Tactile-visual integration breaks in the absence of visual awareness. Cognition 2023; 238:105528. [PMID: 37354787 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Combining information from multiple senses enhances our perception of the world. Whether we need to be aware of all stimuli to benefit from multisensory integration, however, is still under investigation. Here, we tested whether tactile frequency perception benefits from the presence of congruent visual flicker even if the flicker is so rapid that it is perceptually fused into a steady light and therefore invisible. Our participants completed a tactile frequency discrimination task given either unisensory tactile or congruent tactile-visual stimulation. Tactile and tactile-visual test frequencies ranged from far below to far above participants' flicker fusion threshold (determined separately). For frequencies distinctively below their flicker fusion threshold, participants performed significantly better given tactile-visual stimulation than when presented with only tactile stimuli. Yet, for frequencies above their flicker fusion threshold, participants' tactile frequency perception did not profit from the presence of congruent but likely fused and thus invisible visual flicker. The results matched the predictions of an ideal-observer model in which tactile-visual integration is conditional on awareness of both stimuli. In contrast, it was impossible to reproduce the observed results with a model that assumed tactile-visual integration proceeds irrespective of stimulus awareness. In sum, we revealed that the benefits of congruent visual stimulation for tactile flutter frequency perception depend on the visibility of the visual flicker, suggesting that multisensory integration requires awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Montoya
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, 02155 Medford, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Badde
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, 02155 Medford, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Diamantidis MD, Karanikola RA, Polyzoudi C, Delicou S, Manafas A, Savera H, Xydaki A, Kotsiafti A, Tsangalas E, Ikonomou G, Mani E, Ntoulas K, Alexiou E, Argyrakouli I, Koskinas J, Fotiou P. Clinical significance of mutational variants in beta and alpha genes in patients with hemoglobinopathies from two large Greek centers: a complex interplay between genotype and phenotype. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1073-1082. [PMID: 37420139 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobinopathies affect patients in the wider Mediterranean area consisting of 4 distinct subgroups: beta thalassemia major (TM), beta thalassemia intermedia (TI), sickle cell disease (SCD) and hemoglobin H disease (alpha thalassemia). The clinical spectrum varies from mild to severe. Complex interactions between genes and environmental factors form the clinical manifestations. There is an unmet need to clarify these multifactorial mechanisms. This is the first Greek study describing mutational alleles (HBB and HBA1/HBA2 gene variants) in 217 patients with hemoglobinopathies of two large centers in Greece (Larissa and Athens) and associating particular genotypes or gene variants with clinical manifestations (transfusion frequency, complications). Thus, the complex interplay between corresponding genotypes and phenotypes was investigated. Our results are in accordance with previous national studies with limited variations, due to regional prevalence of specific gene variants, as expected. It is also a description of the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in the Greek population. The type and prevalence of beta and alpha globin gene variants differ significantly among countries. We also confirm the well-known observation of many studies that in our beta thalassemic or SCD patients, co-inheritance of variants in the alpha globin genes, leading to absence or reduction of alpha globin synthesis were associated with milder clinical course, whereas the inheritance of additional alpha genes (triplication) led to a more severe clinical phenotype. In cases in whom the genotype and phenotype did not correlate, factors like the function or modification of possible regulatory genes or additional nutritional-environmental effects should be investigated. KEY MESSAGES: • This is the first Greek study, fully molecularly defining the beta and alpha mutational alleles in 217 patients with hemoglobinopathies of two large centers in Greece and correlating particular genotypes or gene variants with clinical manifestations (transfusion frequency, complications). • In the beta thalassemic or SCD patients of our cohort, co-inheritance of variants in the alpha globin genes, leading to absence or reduction of alpha globin synthesis were associated with milder clinical course (confirmation of a well-known previous observation). • The inheritance of additional alpha genes (triplication) led to a more severe clinical phenotype (confirmation of a well known previous observation). • The function or modification of possible regulatory genes should be investigated in cases in whom the genotype and phenotype did not correlate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Diamantidis
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Rebecca-Anastasia Karanikola
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Polyzoudi
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sophia Delicou
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Achilles Manafas
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Helen Savera
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Xydaki
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Kotsiafti
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsangalas
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgia Ikonomou
- Thalassemia Prevention Unit, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eirini Mani
- Thalassemia Prevention Unit, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ntoulas
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evangelos Alexiou
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioanna Argyrakouli
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| | - John Koskinas
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Hippokration General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Fotiou
- Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Unit, Department of Hematology, First Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Tsakalov St. 1, 41 221, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|