1
|
Kong F, Wang X, Xiang J, Yang S, Wang X, Yue M, Zhang J, Zhao J, Han X, Dong Y, Zhu B, Wang F, Liu Y. Federated attention consistent learning models for prostate cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1439-1449. [PMID: 38623561 PMCID: PMC11016961 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant promise in transforming medical imaging, enhancing diagnostics, and refining treatment strategies. However, the reliance on extensive multicenter datasets for training AI models poses challenges due to privacy concerns. Federated learning provides a solution by facilitating collaborative model training across multiple centers without sharing raw data. This study introduces a federated attention-consistent learning (FACL) framework to address challenges associated with large-scale pathological images and data heterogeneity. FACL enhances model generalization by maximizing attention consistency between local clients and the server model. To ensure privacy and validate robustness, we incorporated differential privacy by introducing noise during parameter transfer. We assessed the effectiveness of FACL in cancer diagnosis and Gleason grading tasks using 19,461 whole-slide images of prostate cancer from multiple centers. In the diagnosis task, FACL achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9718, outperforming seven centers with an average AUC of 0.9499 when categories are relatively balanced. For the Gleason grading task, FACL attained a Kappa score of 0.8463, surpassing the average Kappa score of 0.7379 from six centers. In conclusion, FACL offers a robust, accurate, and cost-effective AI training model for prostate cancer pathology while maintaining effective data safeguards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Kong
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | | | - Sen Yang
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xinran Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Meng Yue
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Junhan Zhao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Xiao Han
- AI Lab, Tencent, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yuhan Dong
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Biyue Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fiehn AMK, Engel PJH, Engel U, Jepsen DNM, Blixt T, Rasmussen J, Wildt S, Cebula W, Diac AR, Munck LK. Number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and presence of a subepithelial band in normal colonic mucosa differs according to stainings and evaluation method. J Pathol Inform 2024; 15:100374. [PMID: 38590727 PMCID: PMC10999801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpi.2024.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic watery diarrhea is a frequent symptom. In approximately 10% of the patients, a diagnosis of microscopic colitis (MC) is established. The diagnosis relies on specific, but sometimes subtle, histopathological findings. As the histology of normal intestinal mucosa vary, discriminating subtle features of MC from normal tissue can be challenging and therefore auxiliary stainings are increasingly used. The aim of this study was to determine the variance in number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and presence of a subepithelial band in normal ileum and colonic mucosa, according to different stains and digital assessment. Sixty-one patients without diarrhea referred to screening colonoscopy due to a positive feacal blood test and presenting with endoscopically normal mucosa were included. Basic histological features, number of IELs, and thickness of a subepithelial band was manually evaluated and a deep learning-based algorithm was developed to digitally determine the number of IELs in each of the two compartments; surface epithelium and cryptal epithelium, and the density of lymphocytes in the lamina propria compartment. The number of IELs was significantly higher on CD3-stained slides compared with slides stained with Hematoxylin-and-Eosin (HE) (p<0.001), and even higher numbers were reached using digital analysis. No significant difference between right and left colon in IELs or density of CD3-positive lymphocytes in lamina propria was found. No subepithelial band was present in HE-stained slides while a thin band was visualized on special stains. Conclusively, in this cohort of prospectively collected ileum and colonic biopsies from asymptomatic patients, the range of IELs and detection of a subepithelial collagenous band varied depending on the stain and method used for assessment. As assessment of biopsies from patients with diarrhea constitute a considerable workload in the pathology departments digital image analysis is highly desired. Knowledge provided by the present study highlight important differences that should be considered before introducing this method in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Kanstrup Fiehn
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Sygehusvej 9, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Engel
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Dea Natalie Munch Jepsen
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Sygehusvej 9, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| | - Thomas Blixt
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| | - Julie Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| | - Signe Wildt
- GastroUnit, Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Allé 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Wojciech Cebula
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Zealand University Hospital Nykøbing Falster, Fjordvej 15, 4800 Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - Andreea-Raluca Diac
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Zealand University Hospital Nykøbing Falster, Fjordvej 15, 4800 Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - Lars Kristian Munck
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Lykkebækvej 1, 4600 Køge, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Obakiro SB, Kiyimba K, Owor RO, Andima M, Lukwago TW, Kawuma C, Gavamukulya Y, Nabatanzi A, Kibuule D, Kato CD, Anywar G, Waako P. Acute and subacute toxicity profile of ethanolic stem bark extract of Albizia coriaria Welw. ex Oliv. in Wistar albino rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:178-185. [PMID: 38304700 PMCID: PMC10832497 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Albizia coriaria (Fabaceae) crude extracts are key ingredients of several licensed and unlicensed herbal products in East Africa. However, there is limited and often contradicting information regarding its toxicity. We therefore evaluated the acute and subacute toxicity of the ethanolic stem bark extract of A. coriaria in mature healthy Wistar albino rats following Lorke's method and OECD guidelines 407. The LD50 of the ethanolic stem bark extract of A. coriaria was 2000 mg/kg. The acute toxicity signs observed included piloerection, hyperventilation, lethargy, and loss of righting reflex. There was a significant increase in aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, red blood cells and haemoglobin in rats after 28 days at the dose of 500 mg/kg. Histological analyses revealed multifocal random parenchymal necrosis and scattered periportal mononuclear inflammatory cells infiltration in the liver, interstitial nephritis in the kidney and multifocal lymphoid accumulation in the peribronchiolar and perivascular lung tissue at 500 mg/kg. The ethanolic stem bark of A. coriaria was therefore moderately toxic to the rats when administered in a single high oral dose within 24 h. The extract caused a dose dependent toxicity with significant damage to the kidney, liver and lung tissues at a dose of 500 mg/kg after 28 days. Herbal medicines containing A. coriaria extracts should be consumed cautiously due to likelihood of toxicity particularly at higher doses greater than 500 mg/kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Baker Obakiro
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| | - Kenedy Kiyimba
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| | - Richard Oriko Owor
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Science and Education, P.O. Box 236 Tororo, Uganda
| | - Moses Andima
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Science and Education, P.O. Box 236 Tororo, Uganda
| | - Tonny Wotoyitide Lukwago
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| | - Carol Kawuma
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Science and Education, P.O. Box 236 Tororo, Uganda
| | - Yahaya Gavamukulya
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| | - Alice Nabatanzi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062 Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dan Kibuule
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| | - Charles Drago Kato
- Makerere University College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 7062 Kampala, Uganda
| | - Godwin Anywar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062 Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Waako
- Busitema University Natural Products Research and Innovation Centre, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
- Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460 Mbale, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mitamura M, Kase S, Suimon Y, Kanno-Okada H, Ishida S. A case of choroidal melanocytoma treated by transscleral resection: A clinicopathological study. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2024; 34:102043. [PMID: 38584718 PMCID: PMC10997995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2024.102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Choroidal melanocytoma is a rare benign melanocytic tumor. We report a case of choroidal melanocytoma that was definitively diagnosed by histopathological findings after local resection. Observation A 71-year-old female complained of blurred vision in her left eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0. A dark-brown elevated lesion, measuring 5 papilla-diameter was found in the periphery of the fundus in her left eye. The mass showed hyperfluorescence on fluorescein angiography, early hypofluorescence and late hyperfluorescence on indocyanine green angiography. B-mode echography indicated the mass was originated from the choroid. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed isointense signal intensity on T1-weighted images (WI) and hypointense signal intensity on T2-WI, and poor Gadolinium enhancement on T1WI. The tumor was suspected to be melanocytoma, but it was difficult to differentiate from malignant melanoma. Transscleral tumor resection combined with 25-gauge vitrectomy was performed. Histopathological examinations led to the diagnosis of choroidal melanocytoma. Two years after local resection, her BCVA was 1.0 with no tumor recurrence. Conclusions/importance Local resection was useful as a diagnostic treatment for choroidal tumors confined to the periphery of the fundus that were difficult to clinically differentiate from malignant melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuka Suimon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kanno-Okada
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jegnie M, Abula T, Sisay B, Abebe A, Degu S, Afework M. Toxicological evaluation of chronic oral administration of Justicia schimperiana (Hochst. ex Nees) T. Anderson leaf 80% methanolic extract in Wistar albino rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:158-167. [PMID: 38304696 PMCID: PMC10830430 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Justicia schimperiana has been widely used for the treatment of various human ailments without scientific proof for chronic toxicity. Thus, this study is aimed to evaluate the chronic toxicity of 80% methanolic extracts of the leaves of Justicia schimperiana in rats. Methods An 80% crude methanolic extract of the plant leaves was orally administered to Wistar albino rats for 6 months. The experiment was conducted in accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's guideline number 452. Twenty rats per group and sex were randomly assigned to three treatment groups and a control group. Daily doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract diluted with distilled water were administered orally to the rats. Rats in the control group received distilled water orally. Weekly body weight and daily food intake were measured. At the end, rats were sacrificed for histopathological, biochemical and hematological tests. The statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Six months daily oral administration of the plant extract did not significantly affect the rats' food consumption, organ weight, and histopathology. Rats treated with 1000 mg/kg extract, however, significantly increased liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase), and kidney function tests (creatinine and urea). Additionally, the high dose extract administered rats showed significantly lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to the control group. Conclusion Six months oral administration in Wistar albino rats in this experiment indicated that Justicia schimperiana is relatively safe at lower and medium doses. However, increased liver enzymes, increased kidney function tests and decreased red blood cell indices was observed in rats treated at higher doses. To obtain a thorough understanding of the plant's toxicity profile, it is advised that future studies be conducted on teratogenicity and reproductive toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihretu Jegnie
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teferra Abula
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bihonegn Sisay
- Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Abebe
- Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sileshi Degu
- Traditional and Modern Drug Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mekbeb Afework
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gölz L, Pannetier P, Fagundes T, Knörr S, Behnstedt L, Coordes S, Matthiessen P, Morthorst J, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test-Part B: Implementation of thyroid-related endpoints. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024; 20:830-845. [PMID: 37578010 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Given the vital role of thyroid hormones (THs) in vertebrate development, it is essential to identify chemicals that interfere with the TH system. Whereas, among nonmammalian laboratory animals, fish are the most frequently utilized test species in endocrine disruptor research, for example, in guidelines for the detection of effects on the sex hormone system, there is no test guideline (TG) using fish as models for thyroid-related effects; rather, amphibians are used. Therefore, the objective of the present project was to integrate thyroid-related endpoints for fish into a test protocol combining OECD TGs 229 (Fish Short-Term Reproduction Assay) and 234 (Fish Sexual Development Test). The resulting integrated Fish Endocrine Disruption Test (iFEDT) was designed as a comprehensive approach to covering sexual differentiation, early development, and reproduction and to identifying disruption not only of the sexual and/or reproductive system but also the TH system. Two 85-day exposure tests were performed using different well-studied endocrine disruptors: 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Whereas the companion Part A of this study presents the findings on effects by PTU and EE2 on endpoints established in existing TGs, the present Part B discusses effects on novel thyroid-related endpoints such as TH levels, thyroid follicle histopathology, and eye development. 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil induced a massive proliferation of thyroid follicles in any life stage, and histopathological changes in the eyes proved to be highly sensitive for TH system disruption especially in younger life stages. For measurement of THs, further methodological development is required. 17-α-Ethinylestradiol demonstrated not only the well-known disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, but also induced effects on thyroid follicles in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to higher EE2 concentrations, suggesting crosstalk between endocrine axes. The novel iFEDT has thus proven capable of simultaneously capturing endocrine disruption of both the steroid and thyroid endocrine systems. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:830-845. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Plouzané, France
| | - Teresa Fagundes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jane Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Environmental Health & Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hetz MJ, Bucher TC, Brinker TJ. Multi-domain stain normalization for digital pathology: A cycle-consistent adversarial network for whole slide images. Med Image Anal 2024; 94:103149. [PMID: 38574542 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The variation in histologic staining between different medical centers is one of the most profound challenges in the field of computer-aided diagnosis. The appearance disparity of pathological whole slide images causes algorithms to become less reliable, which in turn impedes the wide-spread applicability of downstream tasks like cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, different stainings lead to biases in the training which in case of domain shifts negatively affect the test performance. Therefore, in this paper we propose MultiStain-CycleGAN, a multi-domain approach to stain normalization based on CycleGAN. Our modifications to CycleGAN allow us to normalize images of different origins without retraining or using different models. We perform an extensive evaluation of our method using various metrics and compare it to commonly used methods that are multi-domain capable. First, we evaluate how well our method fools a domain classifier that tries to assign a medical center to an image. Then, we test our normalization on the tumor classification performance of a downstream classifier. Furthermore, we evaluate the image quality of the normalized images using the Structural similarity index and the ability to reduce the domain shift using the Fréchet inception distance. We show that our method proves to be multi-domain capable, provides a very high image quality among the compared methods, and can most reliably fool the domain classifier while keeping the tumor classifier performance high. By reducing the domain influence, biases in the data can be removed on the one hand and the origin of the whole slide image can be disguised on the other, thus enhancing patient data privacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Hetz
- Division of Digital Biomarkers for Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tabea-Clara Bucher
- Division of Digital Biomarkers for Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Titus J Brinker
- Division of Digital Biomarkers for Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thamke V, Suryawanshi S, Aware C, Mali P, Shinde B, Patil D, Rane M, Chaudhari A, Tapase S, Jadhav J. Mucuna laticifera: unprecedented L-dopa content and its role in neurodegenerative and inflammatory conditions. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:126. [PMID: 38585411 PMCID: PMC10994908 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Genus Mucuna encompasses several plant species renowned for their utilization in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, chiefly due to their exceptionally high L-dopa content relative to other plants. However, limited information exists regarding Mucuna laticifera, a newly identified species within the Mucuna genus. This study unveils a remarkable L-dopa content of 174.3 mg/g in M. laticifera seeds, surpassing all previously documented Mucuna species. Moreover, this research marks the first documentation of L-dopa, flavonoids, and phenolics within M. laticifera seeds. Furthermore, the aqueous extract derived from these seeds exhibits robust antioxidant properties. Investigation into its anti-inflammatory potential reveals a significant reduction in paw swelling and neutrophil infiltration at inflammatory sites in a carrageenan-induced rat model. Gene expression analysis utilizing a rat paw model demonstrates that the seed extract significantly downregulates the expression of various inflammation-related genes compared to carrageenan-treated rats. Collectively, these findings clearly substantiate the anti-inflammatory activity of M. laticifera seed extract. The exceptional L-dopa content combined with its anti-inflammatory properties position M. laticifera seeds as a promising therapeutic option for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's, as well as various inflammatory conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03969-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viresh Thamke
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Suresh Suryawanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Chetan Aware
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Pratibha Mali
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Balkrishna Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Devashree Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Manali Rane
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Ashvini Chaudhari
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Savita Tapase
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| | - Jyoti Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, 416004 India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Emmer R, Ajne G, Papadogiannakis N. Missed abortion in the 11-21-week period: Fetal autopsy and placental histopathological analysis of 794 cases. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 296:158-162. [PMID: 38442533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Missed abortion (MA) is a type of miscarriage with multiple etiological factors that refers to fetal death with a failure of the retained intrauterine product of conception to be discharged spontaneously. Currently fetal death in missed abortion is categorized according to three main causes: Fetal, placental, and maternal factors. The aim of the current study was to contribute and increase knowledge in clinical practice of late first and second trimester MA (Gestational age: week 11 + 0 - week 20 + 6). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective case series study includes 794 cases of fetuses and matching placentas sent to the Section of Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Karolinska Hospital between 2003 and 2019 from five different gynecology departments in the Stockholm region, Sweden. RESULTS The cases were divided into two groups according to gestational length; gestational week 11 + 0-14 + 6 (group A) and 15 + 0-20 + 6 (group B) respectively, and comparisons were made between groups. Fetal growth restriction and placental pathology were more common in late MA, but number of cases with malformation were higher in early MA. Cord pathology was seen in approximately 40 % of the cases and equally distributed in the gestational weeks included. DISCUSSION Fetal growth restriction and placental pathology were more common in late second trimester MA. This might demonstrate an early placental dysfunction affecting fetal growth and may be associated to maternal comorbidity such as autoimmune disease and cardiovascular disease. It is advisable to investigate maternal factors more closely after late second trimester MA before a future pregnancy. The risk for recurrent MA is believed to be low in cases of significant cord pathology. CONCLUSION Cord complications were over-represented in missed abortion suggesting a probable etiopathogenetic link to fetal demise in this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rony Emmer
- Department of Women's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Ajne
- Department of Women's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Div of Obstet and Gyn, Dep of Clinical Science and Intervention, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikos Papadogiannakis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Türkmen EU, Arslan P, Erkoç F, Günal AÇ, Duran H. The cerium oxide nanoparticles toxicity induced physiological, histological and biochemical alterations in freshwater mussels, Unio crassus. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127371. [PMID: 38176319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Releasing of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nano-CeO2) to the nature has increased due to the widespread use in many fields ranging from cosmetics to the food industry. Therefore, nano-CeO2 has been included in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) priority list for engineering nanomaterials. In this study, the effects of nano-CeO2 on the freshwater mussels were investigated to reveal the impact on the freshwater systems on model organism. METHODS First, the chemical and structural properties of nano-CeO2 were characterized in details. Second, the freshwater mussels were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of nano-CeO2 as 10 mg, 25 mg and 50 mg/L during 48-h and 7-d. Third, after the exposure periods, hemolymph and tissue samples were taken to analyse the Total Hemocyte Counts (THCs) histology and oxidative stress parameters (total antioxidant status, glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, and advanced oxidative protein products). RESULTS Significant decrease of the THCs was observed in the nano-CeO2 exposed mussels compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The histological results showed a positive association between nano-CeO2 exposure concentration in the water and level of tissue damage and histopathological alterations were detected in the gill and the digestive gland tissues. Oxidative stress parameters were slightly affected after exposure to nano-CeO2 (P > 0.05). In conclusion, this study showed that acute exposure of freshwater mussels to nano-CeO2 did not pose significant biological risk. However, it has been proven that mussels are able to accumulate nano-CeO2 significantly in their bodies. CONCLUSION This suggests that nano-CeO2 may be a potential risk to other organisms in the ecosystem through trophic transfer in the food-web based on their habitat and niche in the ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Uluer Türkmen
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Pınar Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18100 Çankırı, Türkiye
| | - Figen Erkoç
- Department of Biology Education, Gazi Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Türkiye; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Başkent University, Etimesgut, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Aysel Çağlan Günal
- Department of Biology Education, Gazi Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Türkiye; Environmental Health and Environmental Sciences Program, Health Services Vocational School, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Hatice Duran
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye; UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo S, Wan Q, Xu M, Chen M, Chen Z. Transcriptome analysis of host anti-Aeromonas hydrophila infection revealed the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila to American eels (Anguilla rostrata). Fish & Shellfish Immunology 2024; 148:109504. [PMID: 38508539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a commonly pathogenic bacterium in cultivated eels, but its pathogenicity to American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and the molecular mechanism of host anti-A. hydrophila infection remains uncertain. In this study, LD50 of A. hydrophila to American eels was determined and bacterial load in the liver and kidney of eels was assessed post 2.56 doses of LD50 of A. hydrophila infection. The results showed that the LD50 of A. hydrophila to American eels was determined to be 3.9 × 105 cfu/g body weight (7.8 × 106 cfu/fish), and the bacterial load peaked at 36 h post the infection (hpi) in the liver. Then, the histopathology was highlighted by congestion in splenic blood vessels, atrophied glomeruli, and necrotic hepatocytes. Additionally, the results of qRT-PCR revealed that 18 host immune-related genes showed significantly up or downregulated post-infection compare to that of pre-infection. Finally, results of the RNA-seq revealed 10 hub DEGs and 7 encoded proteins play essential role to the anti-A. hydrophila infection in American eels. Pathogenicity of A. hydrophila to American eels and RNA-seq of host anti-A. hydrophila infection were firstly reported in this study, shedding new light on our understanding of the A. hydrophila pathogenesis and the host immune response to the A. hydrophila infection strategies in gene transcript.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China.
| | - Qijuan Wan
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saleh SM, El-Tawil OS, Mahmoud MB, Abd El-Rahman SS, El-Saied EM, Noshy PA. Do Nanoparticles of Calcium Disodium EDTA Minimize the Toxic Effects of Cadmium in Female Rats? Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2228-2240. [PMID: 37721680 PMCID: PMC10955038 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the ability of CaNa2EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) macroparticles and nanoparticles to treat cadmium-induced toxicity in female rats and to compare their efficacies. Forty rats were divided into 4 equal groups: control, cadmium, cadmium + CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and Cd + CaNa2EDTA nanoparticles. Cadmium was added to the drinking water in a concentration of 30 ppm for 10 weeks. CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and nanoparticles (50 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected during the last 4 weeks of the exposure period. Every two weeks, blood and urine samples were collected for determination of urea, creatinine, metallothionein and cadmium concentrations. At the end of the experiment, the skeleton of rats was examined by X-ray and tissue samples from the kidney and femur bone were collected and subjected to histopathological examination. Exposure to cadmium increased the concentrations of urea and creatinine in the serum and the concentrations of metallothionein and cadmium in serum and urine of rats. A decrease in bone mineralization by X-ray examination in addition to various histopathological alterations in the kidney and femur bone of Cd-intoxicated rats were also observed. Treatment with both CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and nanoparticles ameliorated the toxic effects induced by cadmium on the kidney and bone. However, CaNa2EDTA nanoparticles showed a superior efficacy compared to the macroparticles and therefore can be used as an effective chelating antidote for treatment of cadmium toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa M Saleh
- Department of Toxicology, Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Regulations, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Osama S El-Tawil
- Department of Toxicology, Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Regulations, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manal B Mahmoud
- Immune Section, Research Institute for Animal Reproduction, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eiman M El-Saied
- Department of Toxicology, Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Regulations, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Peter A Noshy
- Department of Toxicology, Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Regulations, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao W, Vesal S, Soerensen SJC, Bhattacharya I, Golestani N, Yamashita R, Kunder CA, Fan RE, Ghanouni P, Brooks JD, Sonn GA, Rusu M. RAPHIA: A deep learning pipeline for the registration of MRI and whole-mount histopathology images of the prostate. Comput Biol Med 2024; 173:108318. [PMID: 38522253 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Image registration can map the ground truth extent of prostate cancer from histopathology images onto MRI, facilitating the development of machine learning methods for early prostate cancer detection. Here, we present RAdiology PatHology Image Alignment (RAPHIA), an end-to-end pipeline for efficient and accurate registration of MRI and histopathology images. RAPHIA automates several time-consuming manual steps in existing approaches including prostate segmentation, estimation of the rotation angle and horizontal flipping in histopathology images, and estimation of MRI-histopathology slice correspondences. By utilizing deep learning registration networks, RAPHIA substantially reduces computational time. Furthermore, RAPHIA obviates the need for a multimodal image similarity metric by transferring histopathology image representations to MRI image representations and vice versa. With the assistance of RAPHIA, novice users achieved expert-level performance, and their mean error in estimating histopathology rotation angle was reduced by 51% (12 degrees vs 8 degrees), their mean accuracy of estimating histopathology flipping was increased by 5% (95.3% vs 100%), and their mean error in estimating MRI-histopathology slice correspondences was reduced by 45% (1.12 slices vs 0.62 slices). When compared to a recent conventional registration approach and a deep learning registration approach, RAPHIA achieved better mapping of histopathology cancer labels, with an improved mean Dice coefficient of cancer regions outlined on MRI and the deformed histopathology (0.44 vs 0.48 vs 0.50), and a reduced mean per-case processing time (51 vs 11 vs 4.5 min). The improved performance by RAPHIA allows efficient processing of large datasets for the development of machine learning models for prostate cancer detection on MRI. Our code is publicly available at: https://github.com/pimed/RAPHIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shao
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.
| | - Sulaiman Vesal
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Simon J C Soerensen
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Indrani Bhattacharya
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Negar Golestani
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Rikiya Yamashita
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Christian A Kunder
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Richard E Fan
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Pejman Ghanouni
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Geoffrey A Sonn
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States; Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Mirabela Rusu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar M, Singh S, Jain A, Yadav S, Dubey A, Trivedi SP. A review on heavy metal-induced toxicity in fishes: Bioaccumulation, antioxidant defense system, histopathological manifestations, and transcriptional profiling of genes. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127377. [PMID: 38183919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM This review provides information about heavy metal occurrence in the environment, destructive mechanisms, and lethal effects on fish. SUMMARY Heavy metals (HMs) are one of the major causes of environmental contamination globally. The advancement of industries has led to the emanation of toxic substances into the environment. HMs are stable, imperishable compounds and can accumulate in different fish organs when they reach the aquatic regimes. The most ubiquitous HMs are chromium, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, copper, and nickel which can pollute the environment and affect the physiology of fishes. Accumulation of metals in the fish organs causes structural lesions and functional disturbances. Contamination of heavy metals induces oxidative stress, histopathological manifestations, and altered transcriptional gene regulation in the exposed fishes. CONCLUSION Heavy metal bioaccumulation leads to different anomalies in the non-target species. Metal toxicity may cause aquatic organisms to exhibit cellular dysfunction and disturb ecological equilibrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India.
| | - Shefalee Singh
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Anamika Jain
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Seema Yadav
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Aastha Dubey
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Sunil P Trivedi
- Environmental Toxicology and Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aubreville M, Stathonikos N, Donovan TA, Klopfleisch R, Ammeling J, Ganz J, Wilm F, Veta M, Jabari S, Eckstein M, Annuscheit J, Krumnow C, Bozaba E, Çayır S, Gu H, Chen X'A, Jahanifar M, Shephard A, Kondo S, Kasai S, Kotte S, Saipradeep VG, Lafarge MW, Koelzer VH, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Yang S, Wang X, Breininger K, Bertram CA. Domain generalization across tumor types, laboratories, and species - Insights from the 2022 edition of the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge. Med Image Anal 2024; 94:103155. [PMID: 38537415 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Recognition of mitotic figures in histologic tumor specimens is highly relevant to patient outcome assessment. This task is challenging for algorithms and human experts alike, with deterioration of algorithmic performance under shifts in image representations. Considerable covariate shifts occur when assessment is performed on different tumor types, images are acquired using different digitization devices, or specimens are produced in different laboratories. This observation motivated the inception of the 2022 challenge on MItosis Domain Generalization (MIDOG 2022). The challenge provided annotated histologic tumor images from six different domains and evaluated the algorithmic approaches for mitotic figure detection provided by nine challenge participants on ten independent domains. Ground truth for mitotic figure detection was established in two ways: a three-expert majority vote and an independent, immunohistochemistry-assisted set of labels. This work represents an overview of the challenge tasks, the algorithmic strategies employed by the participants, and potential factors contributing to their success. With an F1 score of 0.764 for the top-performing team, we summarize that domain generalization across various tumor domains is possible with today's deep learning-based recognition pipelines. However, we also found that domain characteristics not present in the training set (feline as new species, spindle cell shape as new morphology and a new scanner) led to small but significant decreases in performance. When assessed against the immunohistochemistry-assisted reference standard, all methods resulted in reduced recall scores, with only minor changes in the order of participants in the ranking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taryn A Donovan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Ganz
- Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
| | - Frauke Wilm
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mitko Veta
- Computational Pathology Group, Radboud UMC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samir Jabari
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nünberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Engin Bozaba
- Artificial Intelligence Research Team, Virasoft Corporation, NY, USA
| | - Sercan Çayır
- Artificial Intelligence Research Team, Virasoft Corporation, NY, USA
| | - Hongyan Gu
- University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Kasai
- Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sujatha Kotte
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - V G Saipradeep
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Maxime W Lafarge
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Sen Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Katharina Breininger
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christof A Bertram
- Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fidan EB, Bali EB, Apaydin FG. Comparative study of nickel oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles on oxidative damage, apoptosis and histopathological alterations in rat lung tissues. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127379. [PMID: 38171038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) are used as industrial photoelectric and recording materials, catalysts, and sensors. It has been increasingly used in many industrial sectors. Lungs are the important biological barrier that comes into contact with nanomaterials in the inhaled air. This study aimed to compare the effects of nickel oxide (NiO) microparticles and NiONPs on rat lung tissues in different dose administrations, such as oral, intraperitoneal, and intravenous. METHODS The mature male Wistar rats (n = 42) were divided into seven groups with six animals: Group I (control), Group II NiO gavage (150 mg/kg), Group III NiO intraperitoneally (20 mg/kg), Group IV NiO intravenously (1 mg/kg), Group V NiONP gavage (150 mg/kg), Group VI NiONP intraperitoneal (20 mg/kg), and Group VII NiONP intravenous (1 mg/kg) for 21 days. Oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, SOD, GPx, and GST), apoptotic marker (p53) gene expression, and histopathological changes were determined comparatively. RESULTS Our data showed that NiO and NiONPs caused an exposure-related increase in the incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar pathological changes, oxidative damage, and p53 gene expression in male rats. Intravenous exposure to NiONPs produces statistically (p < 0.05) more oxidative damage and histopathological changes than exposure to NİO. It also induces higher upregulation of the pro-apoptotic p53 gene. CONCLUSION NiO and NiONPs induce oxidative damage, histopathological alterations and p53 gene expression in rat lungs. Thus, exposure to NiO and NiONPs, especially intravenously, may indicate more toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Büşra Fidan
- Gazi University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Elif Burcu Bali
- Gazi University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Han G, Bu D, Kong R, Huang K, Liu C. Toxic responses of environmental concentrations of bifenthrin in larval freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa. Chemosphere 2024; 355:141863. [PMID: 38579955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Bifenthrin (BF) is ubiquitous in aquatic environments, and studies have indicated that environmental concentrations of BF could cause neurotoxicity and oxidative damage in fish and decrease the abundance of aquatic insects. However, little information is available on the toxicity of BF in freshwater benthic mollusks. Bellamya aeruginosa (B. aeruginosa) is a key benthic fauna species in aquatic ecosystems, and has extremely high economic and ecological values. In this study, larval B. aeruginosa within 24 h of birth were exposed to 0, 30 or 300 ng/L of BF for 30 days, and then the toxic effects from molecular to individual levels were comprehensively evaluated in all the three treatment groups. It was found that BF at 300 ng/L caused the mortality of snails. Furthermore, BF affected snail behaviors, evidenced by reduced crawling distance and crawling speed. The hepatopancreas of snails in the two BF exposure groups showed significant pathological changes, including increase in the number of yellow granules and occurrence of hemocyte infiltration, epithelial cell thinning, and necrosis. The levels of ROS and MDA were significantly increased after exposure to 300 ng/L BF, and the activities of two antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT were increased significantly. GSH content decreased significantly after BF exposure, indicating the occurrence of oxidative damage in snails. Transcriptomic results showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in pathways related to metabolism and neurotoxicity (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation and Parkinson disease), and these results were consistent with those in individual and biochemical levels above. The study indicates that environmental concentration of BF results in decreased survival rates, sluggish behavior, histopathological lesions, oxidative damage, and transcriptomic changes in the larvae of B. aeruginosa. Thus, exposure of larval snails to BF in the wild at concentrations similar to those used in this study might have adverse consequences at the population level. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further assessing the ecological risk of BF to aquatic gastropods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Han
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dianping Bu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ren Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kai Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pannetier P, Gölz L, Pissarreira Mendes Fagundes MT, Knörr S, Behnstedt L, Coordes S, Matthiessen P, Morthorst JE, Vergauwen L, Knapen D, Holbech H, Braunbeck T, Baumann L. Development of the integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT)-Part A: Merging of existing fish test guidelines. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024; 20:817-829. [PMID: 37483114 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among scientists and public authorities over the last 30 years, notably because of their wide use and the increasing evidence of detrimental effects on humans and the environment. However, test systems for the detection of potential EDCs as well as testing strategies still require optimization. Thus, the aim of the present project was the development of an integrated test protocol that merges the existing OECD test guidelines (TGs) 229 (fish short-term reproduction assay) and 234 (fish sexual development test) and implements thyroid-related endpoints for fish. The integrated fish endocrine disruptor test (iFEDT) represents a comprehensive approach for fish testing, which covers reproduction, early development, and sexual differentiation, and will thus allow the identification of multiple endocrine-disruptive effects in fish. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, two exposure tests were performed with well-studied EDCs: 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU), an inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis, and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), an estrogen receptor agonist. In part A of this article, the effects of PTU and EE2 on established endpoints of the two existing TGs are reported, whereas part B focuses on the novel thyroid-related endpoints. Results of part A document that, as expected, both PTU and EE2 had strong effects on various endocrine-related endpoints in zebrafish and their offspring. Merging of TGs 229 and 234 proved feasible, and all established biomarkers and endpoints were responsive as expected, including reproductive and morphometric changes (PTU and EE2), vitellogenin levels, sex ratio, gonad maturation, and histopathology (only for EE2) of different life stages. A validation of the iFEDT with other well-known EDCs will allow verification of the sensitivity and usability and confirm its capacity to improve the existing testing strategy for EDCs in fish. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:817-829. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pannetier
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, Site de Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Plouzané, France
| | - Lisa Gölz
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Knörr
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Behnstedt
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara Coordes
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jane E Morthorst
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Braunbeck
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Baumann
- Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Environmental Health and Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao H, Xie C, Wang J, Ma J, Liu S, Xie L, Zheng Y, Dong R, Wang S, Fang Y, Wu Y, Zhang X, Lu X, Li Y, Li W, Pan Q, Xu M, Gu S. PIVKA-II combined with alpha-fetoprotein for the diagnostic value of hepatic tumors in children: a multicenter, prospective observational study. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10668-4. [PMID: 38622445 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether protein induced by vitamin K antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can improve the diagnostic and differential diagnostic accuracy of childhood hepatic tumors. METHODS A multi-center prospective observational study was performed at nine regional institutions around China. Children with hepatic mass (Group T) were divided into hepatoblastoma group (Group THB) and hemangioendothelioma group (Group THE), children with extrahepatic abdominal mass (Group C). Peripheral blood was collected from each patient prior to surgery or chemotherapy. The area under the curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of PIVKA-II and the combined tumor markers with AFP. RESULTS The mean levels of PIVKA-II and AFP were both significantly higher in Group T than Group C (p = 0.001, p < 0.001), in Group THB than Group THE (p = 0.018, p = 0.013) and in advanced HB than non-advanced HB (p = 0.001, p = 0.021). For the diagnosis of childhood hepatic tumors, AUROC of PIVKA-II (cut-off value 32.6 mAU/mL) and AFP (cut-off value 120 ng/mL) was 0.867 and 0.857. The differential diagnostic value of PIVKA-II and AFP in hepatoblastoma from hemangioendothelioma was further assessed, AUROC of PIVKA-II (cut-off value 47.1mAU/mL) and AFP (cut-off value 560 ng/mL) was 0.876 and 0.743. The combined markers showed higher AUROC (0.891, 0.895 respectively) than PIVKA-II or AFP alone. CONCLUSIONS The serum level of PIVKA-II was significantly higher in children with hepatic tumors, especially those with malignant tumors. The combination of PIVKA-II with AFP further increased the diagnostic performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials, NCT03645655. Registered 20 August 2018, https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT03645655 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Gao
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongfang Road No. 1678, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Chenjie Xie
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongfang Road No. 1678, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongfang Road No. 1678, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shijian Liu
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Li Xie
- Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yijie Zheng
- Department of Medical Affairs, Wuxidiagnotics, Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yurui Wu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Xianying Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 519000, China
| | - Weisong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongfang Road No. 1678, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Song Gu
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongfang Road No. 1678, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Milickovic M, Rasic P, Cvejic S, Bozic D, Savic D, Mijovic T, Cvetinovic S, Djuricic SM. Splenic hamartomas in children. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1909-1917. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i11.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Splenic hamartomas (SHs) are uncommon, benign vascular lesions of unclear etiology and are mostly found incidentally on abdominal images, at surgery, or at autopsy. Since the first case description, in 1861, less than 50 pediatric SH cases have been reported in the literature. In this article, we have performed an analysis of all SH cases in children published in the literature to date and presented our case of an 8-year-old male with SH. These lesions in children were shown to cause symptoms more often than in the adult population. The observed SH sizes in children ranged from a few millimeters to 18 cm, and the symptomatic lesions were mostly larger or multiple. The most common clinical finding was splenomegaly. Signs of hypersplenism were present in children with a single SH larger than 4.5 cm (diameter range: 4.5-18.0 cm) and in those with multiple hamartomas, ranging from a few millimeters to 5 cm. Eighty percent of patients with available laboratory findings had hematological abnormalities such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, or pancytopenia. Other symptoms and signs included abdominal pain, recurrent infections, fever, night sweats, lethargy, growth retardation, and weight loss. The use of multiple imaging modalities may suggest the preoperative diagnosis of a splenic mass in children and determine the therapeutic approach. However, the final diagnosis of SH relies on histopathological evaluation. Surgery, including total or partial splenectomy (PS), is the mainstay of SH management. Although total splenectomy carries a greater risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection than PS it has remained the most performed surgical procedure in children with SH. In the majority of pediatric patients with symptomatic SH, resolution of symptoms and resolution or improvement of cytopenias occurred after surgical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Milickovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Petar Rasic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Sofija Cvejic
- Department of Radiology, The Children’s University Hospital, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Dejana Bozic
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Djordje Savic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Tanja Mijovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Sava Cvetinovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Slavisa M Djuricic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka 78000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr. Vukan Cupic", Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Howells J, Maria L, Shirkey T, Carrington A, Lane HS. Testing a health baseline during a bivalve mollusc mortality event: An investigation into die-offs of pipi Paphies australis from Aotearoa New Zealand. J Invertebr Pathol 2024:108110. [PMID: 38631558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Disease is a major threat to the economic, ecological and cultural services provided by wild bivalve populations. Over the past decade anecdotal reports on declining health of native bivalve populations around Aotearoa New Zealand have been supported by increasing observations of mass die-offs. Causes of declining health and mass die-offs of wild bivalves are not clear and could be due to a number of interactive and cumulative factors, including declining water quality, climate change, or disease. Pipi/kōkota (Paphies australis) within the Whangārei area (northern New Zealand) have suffered repeated die-offs and declining health since at least 2009. Baseline health data for wild native bivalve populations are scarce making it difficult to identify changes in pathogen infection prevalence and intensity and infer their importance to host health. This research aimed to examine and document the health of pipi in Whangārei with the objective of identifying factors that may contribute to their ill health and lack of population recovery. We sampled pipi from four sites within Whangārei, eight times across two years (total n = 640) to establish a health baseline using histopathology, general bacteriology, and qPCR for the intracellular bacteria Endozoicomonas spp. Three pipi mass die-offs occurred during the sampling window that were opportunistically sampled to compare against the health baseline established using healthy pipi. An increase in bacterial growth and a decrease in the abundance of Endozoicomonas spp. in mortality pipi was observed compared with the health baseline. Establishing a health baseline for pipi from Whangārei provided a benchmark to assess changes in a pipi population experiencing high mortality. Such data can help identify factors contributing to die-offs and to help inform what mitigation, if any, is possible in wild shellfish populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Howells
- University of Waikato, Environmental Research Institute, Tauranga 3110, New Zealand; Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Lisa Maria
- Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Taryn Shirkey
- Patuharakeke Te Iwi Trust Board, Whangārei, New Zealand
| | | | - Henry S Lane
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moreno I, Scalia G, Umana GE, Soriano C, Alcivar I, Chaurasia B. Giant cerebral cavernous malformation in a newborn: a rare case report and review of literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2024:10.1007/s00381-024-06401-z. [PMID: 38607549 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cavernous malformations (CMs), also known as cavernomas or cavernous angiomas, are vascular malformations characterized by sinusoidal spaces lined by endothelial cells. Giant CMs (GCMs) are extremely rare, with limited understanding of their presentation and management. We present a case of symptomatic GCM in a newborn and review the literature on this rare entity. CASE DESCRIPTION A 1-month-old newborn presented with focal seizures and signs of increased intracranial pressure. Imaging revealed a massive right frontal-parietal GCM, prompting surgical resection. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cerebral cavernous malformation. The patient recovered well postoperatively with no neurological deficits. CONCLUSIONS GCMs are exceedingly rare in children and have not been reported in newborns until now. Symptoms typically include seizures and mass effects. Gross total resection is the standard treatment, offering favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the natural history and optimal management of GCMs, particularly in newborns, emphasizing the importance of heightened clinical awareness for timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Moreno
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Hospital del Niño Francisco Icaza Bustamante, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Gianluca Scalia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Ciro Soriano
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Del Niño Francisco Icaza Bustamante, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Isis Alcivar
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Del Niño Francisco Icaza Bustamante, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Bipin Chaurasia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Clinic, Birgunj, Nepal.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Duan L, Liu Z, Wan F, Dai B. Advantage of whole-mount histopathology in prostate cancer: current applications and future prospects. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:448. [PMID: 38605339 PMCID: PMC11007899 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-mount histopathology (WMH) has been a powerful tool to investigate the characteristics of prostate cancer. However, the latest advancement of WMH was yet under summarization. In this review, we offer a comprehensive exposition of current research utilizing WMH in diagnosing and treating prostate cancer (PCa), and summarize the clinical advantages of WMH and outlines potential on future prospects. METHODS An extensive PubMed search was conducted until February 26, 2023, with the search term "prostate", "whole-mount", "large format histology", which was limited to the last 4 years. Publications included were restricted to those in English. Other papers were also cited to contribute a better understanding. RESULTS WMH exhibits an enhanced legibility for pathologists, which improved the efficacy of pathologic examination and provide educational value. It simplifies the histopathological registration with medical images, which serves as a convincing reference standard for imaging indicator investigation and medical image-based artificial intelligence (AI). Additionally, WMH provides comprehensive histopathological information for tumor volume estimation, post-treatment evaluation, and provides direct pathological data for AI readers. It also offers complete spatial context for the location estimation of both intraprostatic and extraprostatic cancerous region. CONCLUSIONS WMH provides unique benefits in several aspects of clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCa. The utilization of WMH technique facilitates the development and refinement of various clinical technologies. We believe that WMH will play an important role in future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lewei Duan
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangning Wan
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer Institute, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cox BP, Hannan RT, Batrash N, Raichura P, Sperling AI, Shim YM, Sturek JM. Local, Quantitative Morphometry of Fibroproliferative Lung Injury Using Laminin. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38593005 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0294ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigations into the mechanisms of injury and repair in fibroproliferative disease require consideration of the spatial heterogeneity inherent in the disease. Most scoring of fibrotic remodeling in preclinical animal models rely on the modified Ashcroft score, which is a semi-quantitative scoring rubric of macroscopic resolution. The obvious limitations inherent in manual pathohistological grading have generated an unmet need for unbiased, repeatable scoring of fibroproliferative burden in tissue. Using computer vision approaches on immunofluorescent imaging of the extracellular matrix (ECM) component laminin, we generate a robust and repeatable quantitative remodeling scorer (QRS). In the bleomycin lung injury model, QRS shows agreement with modified Ashcroft scoring with a significant Spearman coefficient r=0.768. This antibody-based approach is easily integrated into larger multiplex immunofluorescent experiments, which we demonstrate by testing the spatial apposition of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) to fibroproliferative tissue. The tool reported in this manuscript is available as a standalone application which is usable without programming knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan P Cox
- University of Virginia, 2358, Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Riley T Hannan
- University of Virginia, 2358, Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Noora Batrash
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, 12349, Medicine, CHARLOTTESVILLE, Virginia, United States
| | - Pearl Raichura
- University of Virginia, 2358, Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Anne I Sperling
- University of Virginia, 2358, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Yun Michael Shim
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, 12349, Medicine, CHARLOTTESVILLE, Virginia, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Sturek
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, 12349, Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States;
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rajbhar R, Margam S, Fernandes G. Oral cavity salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma: a histomorphological case series. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 71:152306. [PMID: 38614034 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), the most common benign salivary gland epithelial lesion, has a biphasic epithelial-mesenchymal pattern and great histopathological diversity. METHODS This study's objective was to conduct a retrospective clinicopathological analysis, focusing on the histopathology characteristics of salivary gland PA. RESULTS There were ten cases of pleomorphic adenoma. The mean age was 33.5 years and no gender predilection was observed. All the patients presented with an asymptomatic mass and the duration of presentation was 31.2 ± 19.4 months. The cellular subtype (50 %) of PA was the most common. Capsular infiltration and incomplete capsules occurred in 20 % of cases. All the cases had round (100 %) and myxoid stroma. The cellular subtype was more common in the major salivary glands; showed capsular abnormalities (incomplete capsule, absent capsule, and tumor infiltration); and had more plasmacytoid, angular, spindled non-luminal cells as well as inflammation and cystic degeneration. The classic subtype had more clear and oncocytic cells along with sebaceous and squamous differentiation. The stroma-rich subtype had the shortest duration of complaints (three months) and showed giant cell reaction. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm previous studies on the clinicopathological features of pleomorphic adenomas and highlight important morphologic characteristics like capsular invasion and squamous metaplasia, which can otherwise indicate malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rajbhar
- Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. medical college and K.E.M.H., Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sangita Margam
- Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. medical college and K.E.M.H., Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Gwendolyn Fernandes
- Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. medical college and K.E.M.H., Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Martínez-Álvarez I, Le Menach K, Cajaraville MP, Budzinski H, Orbea A. Effects of polystyrene nano- and microplastics and of microplastics with sorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in adult zebrafish. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172380. [PMID: 38604358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) in the environment is recognised as a global-scale problem. Due to their hydrophobic nature and large specific surface, NPs and MPs can adsorb other contaminants, as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and modulate their bioavailability and hazard. Adult zebrafish were exposed for 3 and 21 days to: (1) 0.07 mg/L NPs (50 nm), (2) 0.05 mg/L MPs (4.5 μm), (3) MPs with sorbed oil compounds of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a naphthenic crude oil (MPs-WAF), (4) MPs with sorbed benzo(a)pyrene (MPs-B(a)P), (5) 5 % WAF and (6) 21 μg/L B(a)P. Electrodense particles resembling NPs were seen in the intestine lumen close to microvilli. MPs were abundantly found in the intestine lumen, but not internalised into the tissues. After 21 days, NPs caused a significant downregulation of cat, and upregulation of gpx1a and sod1, while MPs upregulated cyp1a and increased the prevalence of liver vacuolisation. No histopathological alteration was observed in gills. In this study, contaminated MPs did not increase PAH levels in zebrafish but results highlight the potential differential impact of plastic particles depending on their size, making it necessary to urgently address the ecotoxicological impact of real environmental NPs and MPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martínez-Álvarez
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain; University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Amaia Orbea
- CBET Research Group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sharma G, Chadha P. Toxic effects of aniline in liver, gills and kidney of freshwater fish Channa punctatus after acute exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024:109916. [PMID: 38599346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Aniline (C6H5NH2) is one of the hazardous aromatic amine where an amino group (-NH2) is connected to phenyl ring (C6H5). Based on the evaluation of the 96-hour LC50 of aniline, two sublethal concentrations (4.19 mg/l and 8.39 mg/l) were selected for acute exposure tests in freshwater fish Channa punctatus. The liver, gills and kidney of fish being the principal sites of xenobiotic material accumulation, respiration, biotransformation, and excretion are the focus of the present study. Throughout the exposure time, the comet assay revealed increased tail length and tail DNA percentage indicating maximum damage to liver, gills and kidney of treated group after 96 h. After acute exposure, there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the enzymatic activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whereas decline in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity was observed. Meanwhile, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased over the exposure period for both concentrations. After 96 h of exposure, degree of tissue change (DTC) was evaluated in liver, gill and kidney of aniline exposed fish. Additionally, light microscopy revealed multiple abnormalities in liver, gills and kidney of all the treated groups. Significant changes were observed in the levels of biochemical markers viz., glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and urea following a 96-hour exposure to aniline. Studies using ATR-FTIR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed changes in biomolecules and structural abnormalities in several tissues of the aniline-exposed groups in comparison to the control group respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tunç AS, Ercan N. Effect of topical sildenafil on wound healing and oxidative stress in rats. Injury 2024; 55:111525. [PMID: 38608450 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, the effects of topical sildenafil applications on oxidative damage levels and antioxidative metabolism and their contribution to wound healing and treatment were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 healthy male rats aged 16-18 weeks, each weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into three groups: Group A received a saline solution, Group B received an epithelializing cream, and Group C received sildenafil cream. Following skin preparation and anesthesia, 6 mm diameter punch biopsies created wounds on the rats' backs. The treatment protocol involved daily topical dressing for seven days, after which tissue and blood samples were collected for analysis. Tissue samples underwent histopathological examination, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase activities in wound tissue and blood samples were measured. RESULTS The wound surface area created by the punch decreased in all groups by the end of the seventh day; However, the degree of wound healing differed in favor of the sildenafil cream group. Histopathologically, according to Greenhalgh's Modified Wound Healing Scoring System, all findings were graded. In the Anova test, the differences between glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and malondialdehyde levels in the serum and tissue of rats was statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase levels were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). In the Bonferroni test, the serum CAT levels between groups A and C (P = 0.003), between groups B and C (P = 0.035), and the serum MDA levels between groups A and B (P = 0.018) and between groups A and C (P = 0.001) were found to be significant statistically. By the way, the results between tissue CAT levels in the B and C groups (P = 0.020) and between tissue GPx levels (P = 0.001) in all groups were also significant statistically. CONCLUSIONS The study findings indicated that topical application of sildenafil led to noteworthy alterations in serum and tissue antioxidative metabolism as well as oxidative damage levels among rats with induced wounds. Sildenafil may be useful in wound treatment; it has been concluded that it is capable of directing new studies to be carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arda Selin Tunç
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nazlı Ercan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rodrigues AC, de Sá ÉFGG, Santos FM, Sano NY, Pistori JGB, Cordeiro-Estrela P, Ozório CLCT, Herrera HM, de Andrade GB. Health of Holochilus chacarius (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in rice agroecosystem in a neotropical wetland assessed by histopathology. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:407. [PMID: 38561512 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Small mammals have a short lifetime and are strictly associated with their environment. This work aimed to use histopathology to assess the health of Holochilus chacarius in a rice agroecosystem in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul. During necropsy, fragments of the lung, kidney, skin, liver, and reproductive system of 33 animals were collected and submitted to histological processing. Tissue damages were evaluated as mild, moderate, and severe and arranged in a matrix for further statistical analysis. Furthermore, we used generalized linear models to verify the influence of tissue changes on the body condition, obtained by a regression between body mass and length. In the lungs, we found an intense inflammatory infiltrate associated with anthracosis that had a negative influence on the body's condition. Also, we observed degenerative and inflammatory changes in the liver, kidneys, skin, and reproductive system that ranged from mild to moderate. The histopathological lesions observed in this study may be associated with environmental alterations of anthropic origin such as the exposure to soot from wildfires and heavy metals, evidenced by lesions in the lung, kidney, and liver. The present study provided a histopathological matrix as a new approach that allows to classify and quantify the tissue alterations. Tissue changes when associated with body condition demonstrated to be an effective tool to assess the health of small free-living mammals, showing that these animals can be used as bioindicators of environmental condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Costa Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Anatomy Pathology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79117-900, Brazil
| | | | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Nayara Yoshie Sano
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79117-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela
- Laboratory of Mammals, Department of Systematics and Ecology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Gisele Braziliano de Andrade
- Laboratory of Anatomy Pathology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jardim Seminário, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79117-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Linmans J, Raya G, van der Laak J, Litjens G. Diffusion models for out-of-distribution detection in digital pathology. Med Image Anal 2024; 93:103088. [PMID: 38228075 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The ability to detect anomalies, i.e. anything not seen during training or out-of-distribution (OOD), in medical imaging applications is essential for successfully deploying machine learning systems. Filtering out OOD data using unsupervised learning is especially promising because it does not require costly annotations. A new class of models called AnoDDPMs, based on denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs), has recently achieved significant progress in unsupervised OOD detection. This work provides a benchmark for unsupervised OOD detection methods in digital pathology. By leveraging fast sampling techniques, we apply AnoDDPM on a large enough scale for whole-slide image analysis on the complete test set of the Camelyon16 challenge. Based on ROC analysis, we show that AnoDDPMs can detect OOD data with an AUC of up to 94.13 and 86.93 on two patch-level OOD detection tasks, outperforming the other unsupervised methods. We observe that AnoDDPMs alter the semantic properties of inputs, replacing anomalous data with more benign-looking tissue. Furthermore, we highlight the flexibility of AnoDDPM towards different information bottlenecks by evaluating reconstruction errors for inputs with different signal-to-noise ratios. While there is still a significant performance gap with fully supervised learning, AnoDDPMs show considerable promise in the field of OOD detection in digital pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Linmans
- Department of Pathology, RadboudUMC Graduate School, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel Raya
- Jheronimus Academy of Data Science, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van der Laak
- Department of Pathology, RadboudUMC Graduate School, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Geert Litjens
- Department of Pathology, RadboudUMC Graduate School, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bu X, Zhao W, Zou H, Li W, Li M, Wang G. Immune response and apoptosis of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) gills to Chilodonella hexasticha infection: Insights from histopathological and multi-omics analyses. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 147:109429. [PMID: 38342413 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is an important economically farmed fish in China. Chilodonella hexasticha parasitizes on the gills and fins of host fish, causing disruption to their normal respiration and movement, ultimately resulting in death of the fish. In this study, a combination of histopathological, immunohistochemical, transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), multi-omics, and molecular approaches were employed to identify the immune reaction and cell apoptosis in gill tissue in response to C. hexasticha infection. Significant lamellae fusion, hyperplasia, hyperemia, necrosis, and desquamation of infected gibel carp gills were observed. In total, the expression of 3619 genes was higher, and 3143 lower, for gills in the infected group compared to the control group. Furthermore, 76 metabolites were significantly increased and 105 were significantly decreased in the infected group compared with the control group. From the qRT-PCR analysis results, immune system-related genes encoding IL-8, CXCL8a, and CXC11 were significantly up-regulated in infected gibel carp, while ZAP70 was significantly down-regulated. Immunohistochemical results also showed the down-regulated ZAP70 in the infected group. Apoptosis-related genes encoding CASP3 and Mcl-1b were up-regulated in response to C. hexasticha infection. These genes indicate the activation of CASP family-related apoptosis and Bim-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. TUNEL assays also revealed severe apoptosis in the infected group. Based on this study's results, it can be concluded that C. hexasticha infection leads to histopathological changes in the gills of infected fish, and induces both a significant immune response and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xialian Bu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weishan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| | - Guitang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture (CAS), and Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
de Souza GG, Lacerda ZA, de Moura FBC, Contel IJ, de Oliveira SL, Ferrari LC, Apolonio EVP, Alonso JDM, Alves ALG, Rocha NS. Enteric associated T-cell lymphoma in a mule. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 135:105050. [PMID: 38527562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
A 25-year-old female mule weighing 336 kg was referred with a history of lethargy, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, and constipation in the previous 24 hours. On admission, decreased intestinal borborygmi and distended small intestinal loops were detected by auscultation and rectal palpation, respectively. On rectal examination a firm, irregular surface, and pedunculated mass were detected in the middle-caudal region of the abdomen. Transrectal ultrasonography revealed the mass was highly vascularized with heterogeneous tissue density. On exploratory celiotomy two neoplastic masses were observed, one in the jejunoileal junction obstructing the intestinal flow and the second in the dorsal part of the jejunal mesentery, unable to be exposed and resected. An enterectomy was conducted, and the intestinal mass was removed. The mass was pale with hemorrhagic areas and 12 cm in diameter. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of enteric associated T cell lymphoma subtype 2. The mule died suddenly 43 days later.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna G de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Zara A Lacerda
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B C de Moura
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil.
| | - Isabeli J Contel
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Shéron L de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| | - Lorena C Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| | - Emanuel V P Apolonio
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| | - Juliana de M Alonso
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| | - Ana Liz G Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| | - Noeme S Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-81, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mobarki M, Papoudou-Bai A, Musawi S, Péoc'h M, Karpathiou G. The detailed histopathological characteristics of ovarian fibroma compared with thecoma, granulosa cell tumor, and sclerosing stromal tumor. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155236. [PMID: 38447489 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian fibromas are benign tumors that can present peculiar morphological features not studied sufficiently. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 75 consecutive cases of ovarian fibroma were morphologically compared with 46 thecomas, 16 granulosa cell tumors, and 5 sclerosing stroma tumors for the following factors: the growth pattern as diffuse or nodular, the presence of hyaline plaques, necrosis, keloid-like sclerosis, calcifications, cystic degeneration, fibrous or edematous stroma, prominent vascularity, lutein cells, cellularity, scant or abundant cytoplasm, prominent cell membranes, nuclear grooves, atypia, and mitotic activity. RESULTS The tumors differed significantly in terms of hyaline plaques presence, nuclear grooves, growth pattern, stroma type, tumor cellularity, cytoplasm, prominence of cell membranes, atypia, mitotic activity, and prominent vascularity. CONCLUSION Ovarian fibromas can present some maybe unexpected features rather frequently, such as cystic degeneration, hyaline plaques, prominent vascularity, increased cellularity, and some mitotic activity, thus their presence should not always prompt to an alternative diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaqraa Musawi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
da Silva AR, Herrera HM, de Oliveira CE, Torres JM, Ferreira AMR, Leite JDS, Menezes RC, Martinez ÉV, de Oliveira GMDS, Santos FM, de Andrade GB. The relationships among Leishmania infantum and phyllostomid bats assessed by histopathological and molecular assays. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2024; 23:100904. [PMID: 38261956 PMCID: PMC10797179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.100904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Bats have been reported as reservoir host of Leishmania spp. worldwide, mostly by molecular detection. However, it is still unclear whether bats act as reservoirs of Leishmania infantum to sandflies vectors. In this sense, the investigation of amastigotes forms in the target organs, and the characterization of their associated inflammation, may help to clarify the epidemiological importance of bats in endemic areas for leishmaniasis. The aim of this work was to investigate the host-parasite relationships under microscopic evaluation and predict the epidemiological role of two phyllostomid bats species naturally infected by L. infantum in an endemic area for human leishmaniasis. Fragments of skin, liver and spleen of L. infantum positive and negative bats (Artibeus planirostris and Carollia perspicillata) by qPCR, were studied by histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Both groups, positive and negative, did not show differences in the histopathological study, presenting only discrete tissue changes. Liver and skin showed mild inflammatory reactions. Findings on spleen consisted of reactivity of the lymphoid follicles, expressive presence of apoptotic cells and macrophages containing abundant phagocytic cells debris. We did not find amastigote forms in tissues by histological and IHC techniques in positive qPCR bats. Our results allow us to hypothesize that phyllostomid bats seem to have an important role in reducing the risk of transmission, possibly acting as dead-end host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alanderson Rodrigues da Silva
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carina Elisei de Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- LAMP LAB - LAMP Diagnostico LTDA– Av. Tamandaré, 6000, Jardim Seminário, 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaire Marinho Torres
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Reis Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva Leite
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Patologia e Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Rua Vital Brazil, 64, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Caldas Menezes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Av. Brasil, 4036, Sala 119, Manguinhos, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Érica Verneque Martinez
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Moreira dos Santos de Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- LAMP LAB - LAMP Diagnostico LTDA– Av. Tamandaré, 6000, Jardim Seminário, 79117-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gisele Braziliano de Andrade
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Av. Tamandaré, 6000, CEP: 79117900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Geijs DJ, Dooper S, Aswolinskiy W, Hillen LM, Amir AL, Litjens G. Detection and subtyping of basal cell carcinoma in whole-slide histopathology using weakly-supervised learning. Med Image Anal 2024; 93:103063. [PMID: 38194735 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2023.103063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The frequency of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cases is putting an increasing strain on dermatopathologists. BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, and its incidence is increasing rapidly worldwide. AI can play a significant role in reducing the time and effort required for BCC diagnostics and thus improve the overall efficiency of the process. To train such an AI system in a fully-supervised fashion however, would require a large amount of pixel-level annotation by already strained dermatopathologists. Therefore, in this study, our primary objective was to develop a weakly-supervised for the identification of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and the stratification of BCC into low-risk and high-risk categories within histopathology whole-slide images (WSI). We compared Clustering-constrained Attention Multiple instance learning (CLAM) with StreamingCLAM and hypothesized that the latter would be the superior approach. A total of 5147 images were used to train and validate the models, which were subsequently tested on an internal set of 949 images and an external set of 183 images. The labels for training were automatically extracted from free-text pathology reports using a rule-based approach. All data has been made available through the COBRA dataset. The results showed that both the CLAM and StreamingCLAM models achieved high performance for the detection of BCC, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.994 and 0.997, respectively, on the internal test set and 0.983 and 0.993 on the external dataset. Furthermore, the models performed well on risk stratification, with AUC values of 0.912 and 0.931, respectively, on the internal set, and 0.851 and 0.883 on the external set. In every single metric the StreamingCLAM model outperformed the CLAM model or is on par. The performance of both models was comparable to that of two pathologists who scored 240 BCC positive slides. Additionally, in the public test set, StreamingCLAM demonstrated a comparable AUC of 0.958, markedly superior to CLAM's 0.803. This difference was statistically significant and emphasized the strength and better adaptability of the StreamingCLAM approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daan J Geijs
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Stephan Dooper
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Witali Aswolinskiy
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa M Hillen
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, MUMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Avital L Amir
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Litjens
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Godson L, Alemi N, Nsengimana J, Cook GP, Clarke EL, Treanor D, Bishop DT, Newton-Bishop J, Gooya A, Magee D. Immune subtyping of melanoma whole slide images using multiple instance learning. Med Image Anal 2024; 93:103097. [PMID: 38325154 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Determining early-stage prognostic markers and stratifying patients for effective treatment are two key challenges for improving outcomes for melanoma patients. Previous studies have used tumour transcriptome data to stratify patients into immune subgroups, which were associated with differential melanoma specific survival and potential predictive biomarkers. However, acquiring transcriptome data is a time-consuming and costly process. Moreover, it is not routinely used in the current clinical workflow. Here, we attempt to overcome this by developing deep learning models to classify gigapixel haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained pathology slides, which are well established in clinical workflows, into these immune subgroups. We systematically assess six different multiple instance learning (MIL) frameworks, using five different image resolutions and three different feature extraction methods. We show that pathology-specific self-supervised models using 10x resolution patches generate superior representations for the classification of immune subtypes. In addition, in a primary melanoma dataset, we achieve a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.80 for classifying histopathology images into 'high' or 'low immune' subgroups and a mean AUC of 0.82 in an independent TCGA melanoma dataset. Furthermore, we show that these models are able to stratify patients into 'high' and 'low immune' subgroups with significantly different melanoma specific survival outcomes (log rank test, P< 0.005). We anticipate that MIL methods will allow us to find new biomarkers of high importance, act as a tool for clinicians to infer the immune landscape of tumours and stratify patients, without needing to carry out additional expensive genetic tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Godson
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Navid Alemi
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Jérémie Nsengimana
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Graham P Cook
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Emily L Clarke
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom; Division of Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Treanor
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom; Division of Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Newton-Bishop
- Division of Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Gooya
- School of Computing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Magee
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rana HK, Singh AK, Pandey AK. Therapeutic Potential of Morin Hydrate Against Rifampicin Induced Hepato and Renotoxicity in Albino Wistar Rats: Modulation of Organ Function, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:197-206. [PMID: 38577136 PMCID: PMC10987459 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a challenging public health issue, particularly in poor and developing countries. Rifampicin (RIF) is one of the most common first-line anti-TB drugs but it is known for its adverse effects on the hepato-renal system. The present study investigated the efficacy of morin hydrate (MH) in protecting hepato-renal damage inflicted by RIF in rats. RIF (50 mg/kg), and a combination of RIF (50 mg/kg) and MH (50 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 weeks in rats. Silymarin (50 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Increased levels of serological parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT, bilirubin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 along with the decreased level of IL-10, total protein and albumin were used as markers of hepatic and renal injury. Oxidative damage in the tissues was measured by the increase in lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH, SOD and catalase activities. Histopathology of liver slices was used to study hepatic architecture. Four-week RIF treatment produced altered serological parameters with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum suggesting hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The antioxidant status of the liver and kidney (increased lipid peroxidation and decline in GSH, SOD and catalase) was compromised. Cellular damage and necrosis were observed in liver slices. MH supplementation with RIF improved hepato-renal functions by restoring the serum and tissue markers towards normal values. Histological observations authenticated the results. MH supplementation also reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the results revealed that MH provides protection against RIF-induced hepato-renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harvesh Kumar Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211002 India
- Present Address: Department of Zoology, Feroze Gandhi College, Raebareli, 229001 India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211002 India
- Present Address: Department of Botany, BMK Government. Girls College, Balod, Chhattisgarh 491226 India
| | - Abhay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211002 India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ragavendran K, Selvakumaran J, MuthuKanagavel M, Ignacimuthu S, Alharbi NS, Thiruvengadam M, Mutheeswaran S, Ganesan P. Effect of Mosquitocidal, histopathological alteration and non target effects of Sigesbeckia orientalis L. on Anopheles stephensi Liston, Culex quinquefasciatus say and Aedes aegypti L. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 49:100997. [PMID: 38462302 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diseases transmitted by vectors have a significant collision on society and community health, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, where they can cause large-scale outbreaks shortly after initial transmission. The intent of this investigation was to study the plant extract derived from Sigesbeckia orientalis L. in controlling the immature stages of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes mosquitoes, while also considering its potential toxicity to ecosystems. The immature stages were exposed to different extracts (62.5-500 ppm), and the mortality of larvae and pupae, as well as ovicidal activity, were noted after 24 and 120 h of the experiment. The hexane and ethyl aceate extract of S. orientalis presented 100% ovicidal activity against the eggs of Anopheles, Aedes and Culex at 500 ppm concentration after 5 days of treatment. The hexane and ethylacetate extracts presented strong larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 215.7, 332.0, 197.4 and 212.6, 694.9 and 201.7 ppm against treated mosquitoes at 24 h, respectively. The same extract also presented promising pupicidal activity. The LC50 values of hexane extract were 219.6, 353.6, 194.2 and LC50 values of ethyl acetate were 257.6, 387.8 and 259.07 ppm against early stage pupae of three vector mosquitoes, respectively. The extracts from S. orientalis had strong inhibitory activity against growth and development of mosquitoes. SI/PSF values showed that the extracts of S. orientalis did not harm Poecilia reticulata, Diplonychus indicus (Water bug), Gambusia affinis and dragon fly nymph at tested concentrations. Furthermore, examinations of histopathology and growth disruption revealed significant damage to the midgut cells in the treated larvae. The formulations utilizing hexane and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited potent activity without posing any toxicity towards non-target organisms. This study clearly indicated that hexane and ethylacetate extracts showed promising results against treated mosquitoes. The present study documents the first report of the extracts from S. orientalis and they can be further assessed to identify compounds for application purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamaraj Ragavendran
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeyaraj Selvakumaran
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mariappan MuthuKanagavel
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India; The Anna and Donald Waite Chair, Creighton University, Omaha, United States of America.
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Subramanian Mutheeswaran
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Pathalam Ganesan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biology, Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College (Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mathew M, Al Sadiq MF, Pillai VG. A case report on appendicular diverticulitis: Eluding traditional diagnosis. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 117:109563. [PMID: 38518466 PMCID: PMC10972795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Diverticula of the vermiform appendix are rare entities. Although the pathogenesis and natural course of appendiceal diverticulitis (AD) are different from acute appendicitis, AD is treated like acute appendicitis because of similar clinical manifestations and low incidence. CASE PRESENTATION We describe cases of two male patients of different ages who respectively underwent elective laparoscopic appendectomy and an emergent laparoscopic appendectomy in a multi-speciality hospital in Kerala, India. Both of them had acute appendicitis, as confirmed by imaging and laboratory testing. Subsequent histopathological examination revealed AD. CLINICAL DISCUSSION AD is an uncommon but potentially more serious form of appendiceal disease that can mimic acute appendicitis or malignancy. The first patient mimicked a malignancy with the mass presentation, while the second case presented like appendicitis. Unlike colonic diverticula, AD diverticula are typically not detectable by imaging or colonoscopy, which poses a diagnostic challenge. CONCLUSION In patients who present with lower abdominal pain or who may have appendicitis, AD should be considered as a differential diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Midhun Mathew
- Department of General Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Mohammed Fajar Al Sadiq
- Department of General Surgery, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala 689103, India
| | - Vinod Gopalkrishna Pillai
- Department of General Surgery, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala 689103, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ayoka TO, Nwachukwu N, Ene AC, Igwe CU, Nnadi CO. The Hepatocurative Effects of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Alkaloids on Tetrachloromethane-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Albino Rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:188-196. [PMID: 38577140 PMCID: PMC10987411 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the hepatocurative activity of the bulk alkaloids of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides in a tetrachloromethane (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity model in rats. The hepatocurative activity of the alkaloids at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses was demonstrated by the assay of both enzymic and non-enzymic parameters. Sections of the liver were also subjected to histological examinations. Mapping techniques and data visualization approaches were adopted in finding relationships between the enzymic and non-enzymic parameters and the treatment groups. The bulk alkaloids caused dose-dependent effects on both the enzymic and non-enzymic parameters. The bulk alkaloids elicited a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in all liver and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with the untreated. The 600 mg/kg dose caused the restoration of the ALP, ALT and AST to 76.16, 10.72 and 11.83 iU/L respectively similar to the standard butylated hydroxytoluene. The 600 mg/kg dose also caused a slight increase in the activities of SOD, catalase and GPx to 11.45. 1.37 and 11.66 iU/L respectively when compared with the untreated rats. In the non-enzymic assays, the 600 mg/kg dose elicited a significant (p < 0.05) upregulation in the total bilirubin (1.18 mg/100 mL), total protein (3.75 g/dL), HDL (1.80 mMol/L) and vitamin C (2.41 mg/dL) and decrease in the CHOL (3.35 g/dL), TAG (1.85 mMol/L), LDL (0.67 mMol/L), BUN (39.55 mg/dL) and MDA (1.13 nMol/mL) when compared with the untreated rats. The restoration of the natural histo-architecture of the CCl4-damaged liver by the alkaloids further evidenced the hepatocurative activity of the bulk alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thecla Okeahunwa Ayoka
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Biochemistry Unit), Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria
| | - Ngwu Nwachukwu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
| | - Aloysius Chinedu Ene
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
| | - Chidi Uzoma Igwe
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria
| | - Charles Okeke Nnadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lotfi S, Madankan A, Fazli F, Jaliliyan A. Diagnosis of gastric mucosal choristoma of the tongue: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 117:109508. [PMID: 38471209 PMCID: PMC10945238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Gastric mucosal choristoma of the tongue is an extremely rare benign tumor characterized by ectopic gastric mucosa in the tongue. Since first reported in 1927, only around 100 cases have been documented. Herein, we investigated an adult case of Gastric mucosal choristoma who was referred to an ENT clinic with a chief complaint of a solid tumor at the posterior portion of the tongue. CASE PRESENTATION A 32-year-old female presented with a posterior tongue mass initially noticed years ago that progressed over months. A surgical excision was performed. Microscopic examination revealed a gastric mucosal choristoma, with glandular structures resembling gastric mucosa. The postoperative course was uneventful. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Lingual gastric choristoma is uncommon but deserves mention due to its rarity. The pathogenesis is unknown but likely represents developmental heterotopia. Clinically, lesions present as asymptomatic tongue nodules often mistaken for more common entities. Thus, histopathology is essential for diagnosis. Microscopy shows gastric mucosa with fundic glands, parietal cells, chief cells, and foveolar epithelium in tongue squamous epithelium. CONCLUSION Gastric choristoma should be considered when evaluating tongue nodules to guide management. Increased awareness of this rare entity can enable accurate diagnosis and treatment. Complete surgical excision is curative with an excellent long-term prognosis. Further study of pathogenesis can elucidate optimal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Lotfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Madankan
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fazli
- Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jaliliyan
- Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hegazy ME, Taher ES, Ghiaty AH, Bayoumi AH. Tailored quinoline hybrids as promising COX-2/15-LOX dual inhibitors endowed with diverse safety profile: Design, synthesis, SAR, and histopathological study. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107244. [PMID: 38428284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Complications of the worldwide use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) sparked scientists to design novel harmless alternatives as an urgent need. So, a unique hybridization tactic of quinoline/pyrazole/thioamide (4a-c) has been rationalized and synthesized as potential COX-2/15-LOX dual inhibitors, utilizing relevant reported studies on these pharmacophores. Moreover, we extended these preceding hybrids into more varied functionality, bearing crucial thiazole scaffolds(5a-l). All the synthesized hybrids were evaluatedin vitroas COX-2/15-LOX dual inhibitors. Initially, series4a-cexhibited significant potency towards 15-LOX inhibition (IC50 = 5.454-4.509 μM) compared to meclofenamate sodium (IC50 = 3.837 μM). Moreover, they revealed reasonable inhibitory activities against the COX-2 enzyme in comparison to celecoxib.Otherwise, conjugates 5a-ldisclosed marked inhibitory activity against 15-LOX and strong inhibitory to COX-2. In particular, hybrids5d(IC50 = 0.239 μM, SI = 8.95), 5h(IC50 = 0.234 μM, SI = 20.35) and 5l (IC50 = 0.201 μM, SI = 14.42) revealed more potency and selectivity outperforming celecoxib (IC50 = 0.512 μM, SI = 4.28). In addition, the most potentcompounds, 4a, 5d, 5h, and 5l have been elected for further in vivoevaluation and displayed potent inhibition of edema in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test that surpassed indomethacin. Further, compounds5d, 5h, and 5l decreased serum inflammatory markers including oxidative biomarkersiNO, and pro-inflammatory mediators cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE. Ulcerogenic liability for tested compounds demonstrated obvious gastric mucosal safety. Furthermore, a histopathological study for compound 5l suggested a confirmatory comprehensive safety profile for stomach, kidney, and heart tissues. Docking and drug-likeness studies offered a good convention with the obtained biological investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Hegazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan.
| | - Adel H Ghiaty
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Bayoumi
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Echchakery M, Boumezzough A, Hafidi M, Boussaa S. Histopathological and morphological characterization of Cysticercus fasciolaris isolated from domestic and wild rodents in Morocco. Exp Parasitol 2024; 259:108726. [PMID: 38428664 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cysticercus fasciolaris is a parasitic helminth that usually infects feline and canine mammal hosts. The intermediate hosts (rodents, occasionally lagomorphs, and humans) get infected by the consumption of feed or water contaminated with eggs. Rodents are vectors of disease and reservoirs of various zoonotic parasites. The current survey was aimed at determining endoparasitic helminth infections in rodents in central Morocco. Sampled rodents after specific identification were sacrificed and examined to identify parasitic helminths following ethical guidelines. Parasites were identified using morphological characteristics. A total of 197 specimens of rodents were collected and examined in this study. Ten rodent species were identified morphologically as Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Apodemus sylvaticus, Mus musculus, M. spretus, Mastomys erythroleucus, Meriones shawi, M. libycus, Gerbillus campestris, and Lemniscomys barbarus. The parasitological results showed that metacestode of tapeworms was found encysted in the liver, the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis develops large multinodular fibrosarcomas which envelope the tapeworm cysts in the liver of the R. rattus and R. norvegicus. Based on morphological data, the metacestode was identified as C. fasciolaris in 23 (23/80) R. rattus 2 (2/8) and R. norvegicus with a prevalence of 11.7 % and 1.0 %, respectively. Rodents are major vectors of human and domestic animal diseases worldwide, and therefore, important parasitic zoonotic agents (C. fasciolaris), which are transmitted by black rats (R. rattus) and brown rats (R. norvegicus), must be considered to prevent the infectivity of humans, domestic animals, and livestock such as cattle, sheep, and rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Echchakery
- Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Sciences and Health Technologies, Epidemiology and Biomedical Unit, 26000, Settat, Morocco; Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Ali Boumezzough
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Samia Boussaa
- Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment Laboratory (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco; ISPITS- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, 10000, Rabat, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Vandenberg LN, Mogus JP, Szabo GK. Effects of a TAML catalyst on mice exposed during pregnancy and lactation. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 125:108557. [PMID: 38360075 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tetra-amido macrocyclic ligands (TAMLs) are catalysts designed to mimic endogenous peroxidases that can degrade pollutants. Before TAMLs gain widespread use, it is first important to determine if they have endocrine disrupting properties. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the iron TAML, NT7, on hormone-sensitive outcomes in mice exposed during pregnancy and lactation, and on their litters prior to weaning. We administered NT7 at one of three doses to mice via drinking water prior to and then throughout pregnancy and lactation. Two hormonally active pharmaceuticals, ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and flutamide (FLUT), a known estrogen receptor agonist and androgen receptor antagonist, respectively, were also included. In the females, we measured pre- and post-parturition weight, length of pregnancy, organ weights at necropsy, and morphology of the mammary gland at the end of the lactational period. We also quantified maternal behaviors at three stages of lactation. For the offspring, we measured litter size, litter weights, and the achievement of other developmental milestones. We observed only one statistically significant effect of NT7, a decrease in the percentage of pups with ear opening at postnatal day 5. This contrasts with the numerous effects of EE2 on both the mother and the litter, as well as several modest effects of FLUT. The approach taken in this study could provide guidance for future studies that aim to evaluate novel compounds for endocrine disrupting properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA.
| | - Joshua P Mogus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA
| | - Gillian K Szabo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Omry A, Zarg El Ayoun R, Behi H, Changuel A, Tlili K, Khalifa MB. Surgical perspective on perianal Bowen's disease: A rare case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 117:109459. [PMID: 38458025 PMCID: PMC10937826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Bowen's Disease (BD) stands out as a dermatologic entity known for its rarity and diagnostic intricacies. While BD is recognized for its diverse clinical presentations, its occurrence in the perianal region is particularly exceptional. Our case contributes to the limited body of knowledge regarding perianal BD, shedding light on its distinctive characteristics and guiding clinicians in navigating the intricacies associated with this uncommon presentation. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 67-year-old female who sought medical attention for persistent itching in the perianal region. A thorough examination revealed a solitary BD lesion, a notable rarity in this anatomical site. Considering the distinctive characteristics and location, surgical excision was chosen as the preferred treatment strategy. The postoperative course was straightforward, yielding favorable aesthetic outcomes and no recurrence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION The clinical discussion explores the unique challenges associated with perianal BD, emphasizing the rarity of its presentation and its potential to mimic other dermatologic conditions. Factors contributing to the diagnosis, including clinical indicators and risk factors, are scrutinized. Furthermore, the discussion delves into the evolving landscape of diagnostic tools and treatment modalities, especially relevant in the context of perianal BD. CONCLUSION This case illuminates the rarity of BD in the perianal region, serving as a valuable addition to the limited body of knowledge on this unusual presentation. By unraveling the complexities associated with perianal BD, this report contributes to a deeper understanding of the disease and provides insights that can guide clinicians in navigating similar cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Omry
- General Surgery Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Radhwen Zarg El Ayoun
- General Surgery Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hager Behi
- General Surgery Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Changuel
- General Surgery Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Karima Tlili
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Med Bachir Khalifa
- General Surgery Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Mont Fleury-1008, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, 15, Djebel Lakhdhar Street - 1007 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ismail S, Ghanem L, Ibrahim L, Abdulrahman M, Alshehabi Z, Issa R. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system: Clinicopathological features of two challenging cases. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 117:109531. [PMID: 38507938 PMCID: PMC10963598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (AT/RT) is a rare aggressive neoplasm that mainly affects the pediatric population with a peak incidence in the first two years of life and a slight male predominance, whereas presentation of this neoplasm in older ages is extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION Herein, we present two cases of AT/RT. In the first case, a 9-year-old female presented with diplopia, dizziness, headache, and morning vomiting. CT Scan of the head demonstrated a heterogeneous mass in the left frontal-parietal region with vasogenic edema and midline deviation. In the second case, a 57-year-old female presented with severe generalized headache, numbness, and tingling in the right hand. MRI revealed a lobulated cystic mass in the right occipitotemporal region, with surrounding edema compressing the left lateral ventricle and causing a midline shift to the left, and enlargement of the right lateral ventricle. In both case, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations revealed the diagnosis of Atypical teratoid/Rhabdoid tumors. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Microscopic examination demonstrated the proliferation of medium-sized to large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular eccentric nuclei, and conspicuous nucleoli with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage, thus confirming the diagnosis with adequate immunohistochemical staining. The first patient developed signs of recurrence and passed away six months later, whereas in the second case, the 57-year-old female received radiotherapy for 6 weeks before being put on chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Despite the challenges facing the diagnosis of this aggressive neoplasm, we managed to present our cases with detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartus, Syria; Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria.
| | - Lina Ghanem
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Leen Ibrahim
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Mohammed Abdulrahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Zuheir Alshehabi
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University Hospital, Lattakia, Syria; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
| | - Rana Issa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tokiwa T, Ueda K, Watanabe N, Chou S, Ozaki K. A new species of Demodex (Acari: Demodecidae) from the skin of golden-handed tamarins, Saguinus midas (Primates: Cebidae). Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2024; 23:100920. [PMID: 38487812 PMCID: PMC10937822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Two captive-bred golden-handed tamarins, Saguinus midas L., 1758 (Primates: Cebidae), kept in households in Japan, presented with psoriasis-like plaques on their faces, along with scale, alopecia, and itching. Histopathological examination revealed numerous Demodex mites in the hair follicles, and the clinical symptoms in both cases improved after treatment with fluralaner. Based on the morphological and genetic characteristics of the mites collected from tamarins, we describe a new species of Demodex. This new species is the fifth valid Demodex species recorded from primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tokiwa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Ueda
- Vogel Animal Hospital, 5-1-1 Kotoku-cho, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nagi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shyun Chou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Ozaki
- Laboratory of Pathology, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tartaglia S, Di Ilio C, Romanzi F, Moresi S, Nardi E, Bevilacqua E, Arena V, Lanzone A. Effects of SARS-Cov-2 mRNA vaccine on placental histopathology: Comparison of a population of uncomplicated COVID-19 positive pregnant women. Placenta 2024; 149:64-71. [PMID: 38527377 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
1. INTRODUCTION This study investigates the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on placental histopathology in pregnant women, comparing outcomes between vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. Despite known adverse pregnancy outcomes linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the specific effects on the placenta remain unclear. Although vaccination has demonstrated a substantial reduction in infection severity, its impact on placental health requires more insight. 2. METHODS Between March 2021 and July 2022, 387 COVID-19-positive women were admitted for delivery. Of these, 98 with non-severe symptoms were analyzed: 35 vaccinated during pregnancy, and 63 non-vaccinated. Two independent pathologists evaluated all placental specimens. 3. RESULTS The only differing obstetrical characteristic between groups was the mode of delivery (p 0.047), lacking clinical implications. Over 85% of placentas exhibited microscopic abnormalities, predominantly maternal vascular supply disorders (vaccinated 89.1%; unvaccinated 85.5%). Comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated groups revealed statistically significant differences, notably in increased focal perivillous fibrin deposits (IFPFD) [17.1% vs. 33.3% (p 0.04)] and avascular fibrotic villi (AFV) [0% vs. 11.1% (p 0.04)]. Binomial logistic regression confirmed the vaccine's protective role against IFPFD (aOR 0.36; 95%CI 013-0.99) and AVF (aOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.003-0.98). A sub-analysis in vaccinated women showed a positive correlation between the timing of the first dose and IFPFD presence (p 0.018). 4. DISCUSSION The lower incidence of maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion placental features in vaccinated women, coupled with the timing correlation, supports the vaccine's protective effect on placental tissue in COVID-19-infected pregnant patients. Notably, no side effects were reported post-vaccination, emphasizing the vaccine's safety and advocating for its secure administration in pregnant populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Tartaglia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienza della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Di Ilio
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Romanzi
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sascia Moresi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienza della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Nardi
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Bevilacqua
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienza della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, unità di Gineco-patologia e Patologia Mammaria, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Lanzone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienza della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ali HM, Hussain S, Ahmad MZ, Siddique AB, Ali S, Mohiuddin M, Ehsan M, Nadeem M, Qayyum A, Hussain R, Khan I, A. Al Farraj D, Alzaidi E. Molecular identification of different toxinogenic strains of Clostridium perfringens and histo-pathological observations of camels died of per-acute entero-toxaemia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27859. [PMID: 38533056 PMCID: PMC10963320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxaemia is a severe disease caused by Clostridium perfringens and render high mortality and huge economic losses in livestock. However, scanty information and only few cases are reported about the presence and patho-physiology of enterotoxaemia in camels. The bacterium induces per-acute death in animals due to rapid production of different lethal toxins. The necropsy of camels (per-acute = 15, acute = 3) was conducted at 18 outbreaks of enterotoxaemia in camels in the desert area of Bahawalpur region. At necropsy, the serosal surfaces of visceral organs in the abdominal, peritoneal and thoracic cavities were found to have petechiation with severe congestion. Moreover, both the cut-sections of different visceral organs and the histo-pathological analysis revealed the pathological lesions in heart, lungs, kidneys, spleen, small and large intestines. Grossly, the kidneys were severely congested, hyperemic, swollen and softer in consistency. Under the microscope, different sections of kidneys indicated that the convulated and straight tubules were studded with erythrocytes. In the intestines, there were stunting fusion of crypts and villi. Similarly, various histo-pathological ailments were also observed in the heart, lungs and spleen. At blood agar, the collected samples showed beta hemolytic colonies of C. perfringens that appeared as medium sized rods microscopically and stained positively on Gram staining. Multiplex PCR revealed C. perfringens type A (α and β2 genes) and D (epsilon gene) and the deaths were found to be significantly higher due to C. perfringens type D compared to those by C. perfringens type A. Hence, it has been concluded that enterotoxaemia in camel affects multiple organs and becomes fatal, if occurred due to C. perfringens type D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zishan Ahmad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Abu Baker Siddique
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Mohiuddin
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Iahtasham Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sub-campus, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
| | - Dunia A. Al Farraj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enshad Alzaidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sahraoui G, Rahoui N, Driss M, Mrad K. Inflammatory breast cancer: An overview about the histo-pathological aspect and diagnosis. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 2024; 384:47-61. [PMID: 38637099 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive form of locally advanced breast cancer, classified as stage T4d according to the tumor-node-metastasis staging criteria. This subtype of breast cancer is known for its rapid progression and significantly lower survival rates compared to other forms of breast cancer. Despite its distinctive clinical features outlined by the World Health Organization, the histopathological characteristics of IBC remain not fully elucidated, presenting challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. Histologically, IBC tumors often exhibit a ductal phenotype, characterized by emboli composed of pleomorphic cells with a high nuclear grade. These emboli are predominantly found in the papillary and reticular dermis of the skin overlaying the breast, suggesting a primary involvement of the lymphatic vessels. The tumor microenvironment in IBC is a complex network involving various cells such as macrophages, monocytes, and predominantly T CD8+ lymphocytes, and elements including blood vessels and extracellular matrix molecules, which play a pivotal role in the aggressive nature of IBC. A significant aspect of IBC is the frequent loss of expression of hormone receptors like estrogen and progesterone receptors, a phenomenon that is still under active investigation. Moreover, the overexpression of ERBB2/HER2 and TP53 in IBC cases is a topic of ongoing debate, with studies indicating a higher prevalence in IBC compared to non-inflammatory breast cancer. This overview seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the histopathological features and diagnostic approaches to IBC, emphasizing the critical areas that require further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Sahraoui
- Department of histopathology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunisia.
| | - Nabil Rahoui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Maha Driss
- Department of histopathology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunisia
| | - Karima Mrad
- Department of histopathology, Salah Azaiez Cancer Institute, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|