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Vaillant-Coindard E, Briet G, Lespiau F, Gisclard B, Charbonnier E. Effects of three prophylactic interventions on French middle-schoolers' mental health: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:204. [PMID: 38615007 PMCID: PMC11016224 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a strategic developmental stage in terms of preventing later difficulties and ensuring good mental health. Prophylactic interventions, which are conducted before the onset, prolongation, or worsening of difficulties, and aim to prevent or reduce symptoms or to promote wellbeing, therefore appear particularly appropriate for adolescents. However, existing prophylactic interventions conducted with adolescents have several weaknesses, including sparse theoretical frameworks, ambivalent evidence of their efficacy, and implementation and dissemination difficulties. In addition, no data are currently available on the effectiveness of such interventions in France. To fill this gap, a four-arm randomized controlled trial will be performed to assess the effectiveness of three prophylactic interventions targeting reactive, proactive and interpersonal adaptation in fourth-grade middle-school students, together with participants' experience and perception of the interventions. Based on existing knowledge about adolescents, their learning mechanisms, and field constraints, these three interventions have been designed to promote their learning and receptiveness to interventions. Compared with baseline (i.e., before the intervention), we expect to observe a significant decrease in the level of distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and psychosocial difficulties) and a significant increase in the level of wellbeing after the intervention, across the three intervention groups, but not in the control group. In addition, we expect to observe post-intervention improvements in the processes targeted by the reactive adaptation intervention (operationalized as coping strategy use and flexibility), those targeted by the proactive adaptation intervention (operationalized as the tendency to engage in committed actions and general self-efficacy), and those targeted by the interpersonal adaptation intervention (operationalized as assertiveness in interactions), but only in the corresponding groups, with no change in any of these processes in the control group. The results of this research will not only enrich our knowledge of the processes involved in adolescents' distress and wellbeing, but also provide clues as to the best targets for intervention. Moreover, the material for these interventions will be freely available in French on request to the corresponding author, providing access to innovative and fully assessed interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' mental health in France.This clinical trial is currently being registered under no. 2023-A01973-42 on https://ansm.sante.fr/ . This is the first version of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaëtan Briet
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021, Nîmes Cedex 1, France
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2
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Wang P, Wang Z, Qiu S. Universal, school-based transdiagnostic interventions to promote mental health and emotional wellbeing: a systematic review. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:47. [PMID: 38600562 PMCID: PMC11007989 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of universal school-based transdiagnostic interventions in promoting the mental health of children and adolescents. It compares and discusses interventions targeting the prevention of mental disorders versus the promotion of mental health. Additionally, the roles of teachers and psychologists as intervention conductors are examined. METHODS A comprehensive search of the Psycinfo, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases was conducted without any time restrictions to identify relevant literature on universal school-based transdiagnostic interventions promoting children and adolescents' mental health. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The findings reveal that universal school-based transdiagnostic promotion/prevention programs have a small to medium overall effect size. These interventions demonstrate a broad coverage of different aspects of children and adolescents' mental health. However, the relative effectiveness of teacher-led versus psychologist-led interventions remains unclear. Interventions focused on preventing mental disorders exhibit a higher effect size, albeit on a narrower range of mental health aspects for children and adolescents. SIGNIFICANCE This study enhances our understanding of universal school-based transdiagnostic interventions and their impact on children and adolescents' mental health. Further research is needed to elucidate the comparative efficacy of teacher-led and psychologist-led interventions and to explore the specific dimensions of mental health targeted by these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Language, Literature and Communication, Faculty of Humanities, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- School of Foreign Studies, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao City, China
| | - Shuiwei Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou City, China
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3
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Grice GR, DiVall MV, Adams JL, Campbell JA. Letter to the Editor. Am J Pharm Educ 2024; 88:100679. [PMID: 38430986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria R Grice
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, St. Louis College of Pharmacy at University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Margarita V DiVall
- Bouve College of Health Sciences at Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Adams
- L.S. Skaggs College of Pharmacy at Idaho State University, Meridian, ID, USA
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Blitz SE, Hoffman SE, Stippler M, Huntoon K. Differential Time-To- Promotion Trajectories Among Female and Male Neurosurgeons Contribute to Gender Disparities in Academic Rank Achievement. World Neurosurg 2024; 183:157-163. [PMID: 38135149 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the increasing representation of females in neurosurgical training, the fraction of female to male neurosurgeons decreases dramatically as faculty rank (Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor) increases. To assess this discrepancy, we quantified self-reported time-to-promotion trajectories for female and male neurosurgeons holding academic appointments. METHODS In this cross-sectional institutional review board (IRB)-approved study, 147 female and 84 male neurosurgeons currently holding faculty positions in the US were contacted via email and invited to complete an anonymous, standardized survey. Respondents provided the calendar year of postgraduate training completion, promotion to different faculty ranks, geographic region of current practice (Western, Midwest, Southern, Northeast), and practice subspecialty. RESULTS The response rate was 44.2% for females and 59.5% for males, with 114 participants included (65 female, 49 male). On average, female neurosurgeons required 25% longer to become an Associate Professor (P = 0.017), 34% longer to become a Full Professor (P = 0.004), 37% longer for promotion from Assistant to Associate Professor (P < 0.001), and 32% longer from Assistant to Full Professor (P = 0.012). Promotion timelines did not vary by region or specialty among male and female cohorts. Linear regressions revealed that female neurosurgeons with more recent training completion experienced shorter time-to-promotion to Associate and Full Professor compared to females of earlier generations (P = 0.005 and 0.001, respectively), while male timelines remained stable. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a significant delay in time-to-promotion for female neurosurgeons compared to their male counterparts. Investigation and standardization of promotion timelines are necessary to ensure meaningful representation gains from the increased number of women entering neurosurgical training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martina Stippler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristin Huntoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Cowan LS, Kodak T. Professional Skills for Behavior Analysts: A Survey on the Proficiency and Importance of Hard and Soft Skills. Behav Anal Pract 2024; 17:199-211. [PMID: 38405276 PMCID: PMC10890981 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-023-00823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals seeking certification as board certified behavior analysts (BCBAs) require training in both hard and professional (soft) skills. Trainees seeking certification complete coursework, supervised fieldwork experience, and a BCBA exam that assesses mastery of hard skills. However, training and mastery of soft skills is not as defined. BCBAs are also expected to maintain these skills throughout their career. Previous research has shown that soft skills are viewed as important by clients and their caregivers but are not consistently demonstrated from those providing services. Research also suggests that BCBA trainees may not consistently receive training on soft skills. The current study presents the results of a survey distributed to individuals who supervise BCBAs on the proficiency of hard and soft skills demonstrated by their supervisees. The results suggest future directions for the research and training of soft skills for current and future BCBAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon S. Cowan
- Marquette University, 525 North 6th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53203 USA
| | - Tiffany Kodak
- Marquette University, 525 North 6th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53203 USA
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Hebert D, Harding S. Transitioning from a Doctor of Nursing Practice clinical role to academic scholar. J Prof Nurs 2024; 51:40-44. [PMID: 38614672 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Nursing faculty prepared with a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree have unique needs as they transition from their clinical roles into full-time academia. As expert clinicians they share a wealth of knowledge that contributes to quality improvement and implementation of evidence-based practice in healthcare. However, they may lack the preparation needed for scholarship, a requirement for promotion, as well as retention, in many academic organizations. Traditional promotional processes are more in tune with the nursing faculty who have received a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree, in which scholarship and research are a core component of their education and practice. As the number of DNP-prepared faculty increases, supporting successful transition to academia including scholarly productivity is essential to retention especially as nurse faculty shortages persist. Further research and resources are needed to help prepare and support DNP-prepared faculty to develop their scholarship with an increasing need to recognize the additional means of dissemination that these clinical scholars can utilize to meet the requirements of promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Hebert
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA 01655-0002, United States of America.
| | - Shari Harding
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA 01655-0002, United States of America.
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DeLuca J, Girand HL, Hilaire ML, Lindsey CC, Prescott WA. A Mixed Methods Study of Resources Available for the Professional Development of Mid-Career Faculty. Am J Pharm Educ 2024; 88:100661. [PMID: 38296032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine what resources are available and useful for the professional development of mid-career faculty (MCF) in pharmacy education to foster career advancement. METHODS A 37-question survey was sent to 7236 members of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, an estimated 4640 of whom represented the target population of associate professors, full professors, and administrators. Semi-structured focus groups involving these 3 groups of faculty were held to provide additional insight. RESULTS Of 4640 targeted pharmacy faculty, 825 completed the survey (18% response rate). At least one response was received from 98% of colleges and schools of pharmacy. Over 75% of MCF indicated a goal to advance to full professor, of whom only 55% were very or extremely confident they would be promoted. Clarity in expectations for advancement was identified as the most important factor for advancement; however, only 57% of MCF respondents agreed that their department/division has clearly delineated expectations for promotion. Protected time for research/scholarship was perceived by MCF as another important factor for advancement but was not provided as a resource to 61% of faculty. Thematic analysis of 7 focus groups including 31 faculty revealed 10 themes reinforcing the survey results. CONCLUSION This study identified misalignment between the needs of MCF and the resources available to facilitate development/advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith DeLuca
- Binghamton University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Johnson City, NY, USA.
| | - Heather L Girand
- Ferris State University College of Pharmacy, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | | | - William Allan Prescott
- University at Buffalo School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA; American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, USA
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Dunlap JJ, Waldrop J, Mainous R, Zellefrow C, Beckett C, Melnyk BM. Consistent scholarship standards among DNP-prepared faculty needed: Actionable insights. J Prof Nurs 2024; 51:58-63. [PMID: 38614675 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
DNP-prepared faculty report challenges and barriers to achieving success in academic roles when criteria for promotion includes scholarship. The purpose of this evidence-based initiative was to explore thoughtful scholarship standards for DNP-prepared faculty which can be adapted and transferred across academic institutions with the goal of elevating faculty scholarship. Given a paucity of available research evidence, a review and synthesis of non-research evidence was conducted. DNP scholarship standards from high-ranking intuitions were critically appraised, and this evidence, along with the diverse and collective expertise of the authors, was translated into recommendations for an inclusive model of rigor for DNP-prepared faculty scholarship. A template for appraising the scholarship of DNP-prepared faculty based on strategic evaluation of impact is included. Academic institutions may use this work to expand the fundamental level of evolving scholarship, determine parameters, and provide clarity and support to DNP-prepared faculty as they seek to progress in rank.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julee Waldrop
- Duke University, Box 3322 Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Rosalie Mainous
- University of Kentucky, 315 A College of Nursing Building 751 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Cindy Zellefrow
- The Ohio State University, Heminger Hall, Suite 270, 1577 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Cindy Beckett
- The Ohio State University, Heminger Hall, Suite 270, 1577 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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9
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Parris K, Shorten A, Ladores S, Bowen FR, Baker SD, Grant JS. Traveling the road toward academic promotion for faculty with a DNP degree. J Prof Nurs 2024; 51:74-79. [PMID: 38614677 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
There is a widely recognized need for nursing faculty in the United States. To prepare a practice-ready workforce, schools of nursing are hiring faculty with Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) preparation to ensure clinical expertise is embedded into curriculum by practice experts. However, nurses transitioning from clinical nursing to faculty positions require tailored support and guidance in navigating the academic environment. Preparation for academic promotion is essential to integration into an academic setting. Support in navigating the new environment is essential for building confidence, to lay a foundation for a successful transition, and ultimately retaining these qualified educators. This article provides strategies to support nursing faculty planning to embark on an academic career track and provides guidance on how to prepare these DNP-prepared faculty for career progression and future promotion along academic ranks. These strategies include school and institutional orientation, faculty development plans, mentorship, leadership development, and performance review processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitrin Parris
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Allison Shorten
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Sigrid Ladores
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Felesia R Bowen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - S Danielle Baker
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Joan S Grant
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, United States of America.
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10
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Sales NJ, Gama ACC, Pimentel D, de Carvalho Barreto ID, Gurgel RQ. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Dysphonia in Preschoolers at Five Years Old in a Capital City in the Northeast of Brazil. J Voice 2024:S0892-1997(24)00012-2. [PMID: 38418294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
GOALS Identifying the prevalence and risk factors of childhood dysphonia in children turning 5 years old; and assess the link with the interactional, behavioral, sociodemographic, economic, and biological indicators METHOD: Analytical, transversal, nested within a birth cohort 5 years after its creation. Original cohort biologic data were recovered from the previous database. The current demographic and personal data were acquired from the official health institutions where the individuals were found. We managed to find 371 preschoolers, both sexes, enrolled in 141 public and private schools. Face-to-face interviews were performed with mothers regarding maternal and child health and biological, sociodemographic, economic, interactional-affective, and behavioral indicators. Speech therapists used the Consensus of Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice authorized for Portuguese for the perceptual-auditory judgment of children's voices. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes of the data were performed. A significance level of 5% (P < 0.05) was considered in all analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of mild-moderate general dysphonia occurred in 26.4% of the preschoolers assessed with tense, rough, and breathy voice quality; low pitch; strong loudness and laryngeal resonance. There was a contrast between preschoolers with dysphonia, calm temperament, and family income of up to three minimum wages and those without these characteristics. We also have noted that a greater chance of dysphonia occurred in preschoolers with a calm temperament, family income of up to three minimum wages, nocturnal bruxism up to 3 years old and who did not use a pacifier. CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of dysphonia at 5 years old. Biological indicators have an impact on voice, while interactional, behavioral, sociodemographic, and economic indicators have a higher impact. There is a great need for investments in prevention, promotion, and vocal treatment to minimize negative socio-educational impacts and provide higher quality of life for children at greater risk for dysphonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neuza Josina Sales
- Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Déborah Pimentel
- Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Department of Medicine and Post-Graduate Programme in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
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Zeng J, Chen Y, Zheng Y. Designing the multimedia system for improving promotion of college students' psychological capital. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25362. [PMID: 38327472 PMCID: PMC10847932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the rising psychological challenges encountered by university students, there is an imperative to address the pressing need for enhancing their psychological capital. This study is to design an innovative multimedia system that seeks to offer comprehensive psychological support and promotion mechanisms for university students. This is achieved through the integrated use of various media forms. Multimedia system group counseling was employed to assess and enhance the psychological capital of college students. This study comprises two main components: first, an analysis of the application of multimedia technology in education, and second, an empirical investigation into college students' psychological capital through a questionnaire survey. The findings reveal that the introduction of group counseling via a multimedia system significantly enhances the psychological capital of college students. This improvement in psychological capital positively impacts the well-being and mental states of students and contributes novel ideas to mental health education for college students. The effectiveness of the group counseling intervention scheme within the multimedia system is evident, suggesting its potential for widespread adoption. The utilization of multimedia systems in educational settings emphasizes the importance of positive psychology for students and contributes to cultivating a positive and healthy psychological state. This study serves as a valuable reference for enhancing the psychological capital of college students, focusing on aspects such as independent thinking, decision-making, and execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zeng
- College of Business Administration, Zhejiang Technical Institute of Economics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangfen Chen
- The Affiliated School of the Future Science and Technology City to Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- School of Physical Education and Health, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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Matos L, Morgado I, Santos L, Camisa R, Benvindo P, Pereira P. A targeted survey on teachers' perception of training/education for blood donation in high school students: An invited case report for enhancing and retention of dedicated donors in Portugal. Transfus Apher Sci 2024; 63:103876. [PMID: 38310032 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.103876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Promoting blood donation requires understanding and identifying the factors that motivate donations so that strategies for retaining and increasing loyalty can be developed. Transfusion literacy can be improved through school-based teaching and information about giving and solidarity to promote the development of future donors. For the purpose of aligning any strategies and motivational dynamics that promote adherence to informed donation and loyalty among students in the municipality of Coimbra. This study was undertaken to assess the perception of secondary school teachers regarding the students' knowledge of blood donation. A survey was conducted among teachers from seven public schools in Coimbra with regard to the 3rd and Secondary cycles. Based on the data, people give blood for a feeling of personal satisfaction and peer influence, as well as for the satisfaction of helping others. Blood donation should be made a focal point of relevance and interest in the school community, by implementing programs, projects, and dissemination actions targeting this target group. We are extremely glad and most enthusiastic to be invited to share our study through what's happening with the readers globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Matos
- Coimbra Blood and Transplantation Center, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal.
| | - Irene Morgado
- Coimbra Blood and Transplantation Center, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal
| | - Luís Santos
- Coimbra Blood and Transplantation Center, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal
| | - Rui Camisa
- Coimbra Blood and Transplantation Center, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal
| | - Paulo Benvindo
- Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pereira
- R&D Department, Portuguese Institute of Blood and Transplantation, Portugal
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13
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Newman K, Richter LM, Meny LM, Arnoldi J, Hookstra Danielson J. A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Promotion and Tenure Process for Experiential Education Faculty. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100582. [PMID: 37541488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the process of the promotion and tenure (P&T) as experienced by faculty members in experiential education (EE). METHODS A quantitative survey of EE faculty at any academic rank investigated the general landscape of experiences in P&T. Phenomenological qualitative interviews with faculty who currently work in EE and who achieved promotion to full professor while working within EE provided additional context. Analysis was completed using a mixed-methods approach. Incomplete survey responses were excluded. RESULTS Survey respondents indicated feeling different from other clinical faculty, particularly in the need to justify their work to the P&T committee (26/38; 68%). Respondents noted how challenging the P&T process was and perceived a lack of understanding of EE work among P&T committee members, chairs, and/or colleagues. In qualitative interviews, 3 themes emerged, which were characterizing a misunderstood role; navigating an unclear process with creativity and courage; and seeking outside-of-the-box mentoring. CONCLUSION Experiential education faculty may require specific guidance and a thoughtful approach in tailoring their dossier for the P&T process, especially in accounting for administrative work and other unique aspects of the role. To promote inclusivity and retention of EE faculty, greater understanding of the EE role is needed as it applies to guidelines for P&T. Furthermore, EE faculty and others with unique roles should receive guidance to meaningfully apply P&T guidelines in a manner that best represents their role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Newman
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, IL, USA.
| | - Lisa M Richter
- North Dakota State University School of Pharmacy, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Lisa M Meny
- Ferris State University College of Pharmacy, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer Arnoldi
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, IL, USA
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14
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Lassemo E, Rodd HD, Skeie MS, Johnsen JAK, Nermo H, Sand K, Eftedal RK, Fagerhaug TN, Jasbi A, Marshman Z, Dahllöf G, Høiseth M. Dental professionals' views on motivational interviewing for the prevention of dental caries with adolescents in central Norway. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:889. [PMID: 37986160 PMCID: PMC10662639 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing positive oral health behaviours during adolescence should be a key priority to improve lifelong oral health. However, changing adolescent behaviours is known to be a challenge. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a method of working with patients to activate their motivation for change and has shown promising results within the dental setting. Yet, little is known about the actual experiences and perspectives of Norwegian dental health professionals in delivering motivational interviewing as part of routine care to their young patients. The overall aim of the present study was to explore the implementation of motivational interviewing by dentists and dental hygienists, employed by the Norwegian Public Dental Service, for their adolescent patients. METHODS As part of the larger #Care4YoungTeeth <3 project, a Norwegian Research Council funded four-year Collaborative Project to Meet Societal and Industry-related Challenges, an online survey was developed and administered to dental personnel (n = 168) in one region of Central Norway. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and two-sample tests of proportions at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS A total of 98 dental personnel responded to the survey (response rate 58.3%), of which 37 were dental hygienists (response rate 72.5%) and 61 were dentists (response rate 52.1%). A greater proportion of hygienists reported implementing this intervention compared to dentists (78.4% versus 50.8%; p = 0.007). Similarly, a greater proportion of hygienists (83.8%) stated that they had received training in MI compared to dentists (65.6%; p = 0.051). About 80% of dentists and 90% of dental hygienists felt that they understood the principles of MI. However, only about 45% and 60%, respectively, felt confident in its use. Dental hygienists found MI more usable in their work (p = 0.052), to a greater extent want to use MI (p = 0.002) and found that using MI works well (p < 0.001), as compared to dentists. CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of dental professionals working within a Norwegian public dental service have received training in MI. However, barriers to implementation for adolescent patients and differences in practice between dentists and hygienists warrant further enquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lassemo
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Helen D Rodd
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marit Slåttelid Skeie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan-Are K Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hege Nermo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kari Sand
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Randi Krog Eftedal
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Natland Fagerhaug
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arefe Jasbi
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zoe Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marikken Høiseth
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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15
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MacDonald SM, Malik RD. The Gender Gap in Promotions: Inhibitors and Catalysts, Strategies to Close the Gap. Urol Clin North Am 2023; 50:515-524. [PMID: 37775210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The gender gap is an amalgam of gender disparity issues in the workplace ranging from fewer opportunities to network, decreased funding for research, microaggressions, nebulous promotional criteria and difficulty achieving the perception of professionalism because of inherent gender bias. Contributing home factors include more substantial household duties for women typically, spouses who also have a career, and the inherent delay associated with maternity leave for those who choose to have children. This article subdivides gender disparity that impedes promotion into experiences inside and outside the workplace. Disparities within the workplace are divided into directly quantified versus qualitative differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M MacDonald
- Department of Urology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Mail Code H055, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Rena D Malik
- Division of Urology, VA Long Beach Health System, 5901 East 7th Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
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16
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Prescott WA. Reviewing Promotion Dossiers as a Professional Responsibility. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100574. [PMID: 37454813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Promotion is accompanied by additional responsibility, few more important than serving as a formal external reviewer of promotion dossiers. Promotion and tenure committees rely on external peer review to provide an outside perspective regarding the impact of the candidate's work and how they compare to peers with the same or higher academic rank. What the external reviewer writes and opines impacts the promotion and/or tenure decision. When presented with this opportunity, a faculty member needs to respond to the request, familiarize themselves with the candidate and their promotion and/or tenure criteria, conduct a critical read of the dossier, and write an evaluative letter. This commentary serves as a call for faculty members at the rank of associate and full professor to engage as a reviewer when called upon, provides advice about how to approach an external review and write the letter, and discusses how schools and professional organizations can participate in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Prescott
- University at Buffalo, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA; American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, USA.
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17
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Hecht EM, Robbins JB, Desser TS, Grist TM, Min RJ, Catanzano TM, Slanetz PJ. Defining the Roles and Responsibilities for the Vice Chair for Academic Affairs/Faculty Development in Radiology. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:2728-2733. [PMID: 37059613 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To inform the development of a job description for Vice-Chairs for academic affairs (VCAA), members of the Alliance of Leaders in Academic Affairs in Radiology (ALAAR) were surveyed to better understand their current job responsibilities and how they would ideally allocate their professional time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on a survey of 33 university-affiliated radiology departments and discussion among ALAAR members, the authors developed a detailed job description for the VCAA. The 21-question survey was composed and validated by experts in the field. It was distributed to all members of ALAAR via email with an electronic link and was open for 5 months. Results of the survey were tabulated, and a job description was crafted to represent the foundational roles of academic affairs leaders in radiology. RESULTS The response rate for institutions represented in ALAAR was 73% (33/45). All participants reported that they practiced in a university-affiliated institution. Faculty size varied from ≤49 (30.3%, 10/33), 50-99 faculty (24.2%, 8/33), and ≥100 faculty members (45.5%, 15/33). Only 24% of survey respondents had a detailed job description at the time of hire. More than 40% attested to significant oversight over faculty development programs (45%), mentorship programs (42%, and promotions (45%). Respondents ideally want increased oversight (defined as >10%) over exit interviews, faculty awards, promotions, onboarding, recruitment and hiring, and wellness programming. CONCLUSION The aspirational mission of the VCAA is to oversee components of sequential stages in the professional lifecycle of faculty members but a common job description for this role is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Hecht
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| | - Jessica B Robbins
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Terry S Desser
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Thomas M Grist
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert J Min
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tara M Catanzano
- Department of Radiology, UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Priscilla J Slanetz
- Department of Radiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Alnufaiy B, Alzahrani HG, Alqahtani AS, Gufran K, Alhamdan A, Alhamdan K. Periodontists' perceptions and attitudes toward the use of social media for professional purposes in Saudi Arabia. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:732. [PMID: 37807041 PMCID: PMC10561405 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a notable increase in the usage of social media platforms, especially for health communication, as more clinicians and patients count on this kind of technology. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the perception and attitude toward social media (SM) use for professionalism and dental practice promotion among periodontal specialists working in Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS Electronic surveys were distributed in person or online using WhatsApp, Snapchat or Email from October 2022 until March 2023. The questionnaire was targeting periodontists in KSA, and it consists of three parts: the first part includes sociodemographic and professional data; the second part asks about the daily usage of SM in dental practice; and the third part asks about the periodontist's opinion about SM usage. Descriptive data were presented as numbers and percentages. The association between the demographic variables and the means of periodontists' opinions was tested using Pearson's chi-square test. Any value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 121 responses were received from the periodontists. Most of the participants were in the 36-45 age group, with a percentage of 40.5%. In terms of gender, males made up 52.9% of the population, while females made up 47.1%, and the majority of the participants were consultants. The most common SM platform used by periodontists for daily using and dental practice promotion was Snapchat (56.2%), followed by Instagram and Twitter (54.5% and 49.6%, respectively). There was a significant difference in proportions among Twitter, Snapchat and TikTok between older and younger periodontists, with a p value < 0.05. There was no significant difference between the gender of the participants and their opinions regarding the usage of SM. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the effectiveness of SM in the promotion of dental practices and the discipline of periodontics, as more clinicians and patients rely on this kind of technology. These online platforms can improve periodontal practice in terms of dental health education, counseling, advertising, and oral health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banna Alnufaiy
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hanadi Ghurmallah Alzahrani
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Alqahtani
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Gufran
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alfaisal Alhamdan
- Internship, college of dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Alhamdan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry; College of Dentistry, King Saud University, KSU Unite-1 /12372, PO Box;7669, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cox WC, Harrell TK, Brock TP, Romanelli F, Buring SM. The Complicated Middle of the Academic Deanery. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100133. [PMID: 37852691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The complicated and ever-growing roles of assistant and associate deans (A-deans) can often be compared to those of middle managers. With responsibilities that are rapidly expanding and often unclear or overlapping with other personnel, A-deans may face identity crises. Additionally, because they are often not at the full professor level, they may experience difficulty achieving promotion. In this commentary, the authors call for increased awareness of the challenges associated with these roles and suggest opportunities for change. To maximize effectiveness in their roles, the Academy and colleges/schools are encouraged to explore workload/expectations for A-deans and associated reward structures, including promotion and tenure guidelines with explicit recognition for the important role(s) they play. A-deans are also encouraged to advocate for infrastructure and responsibilities that support both their academic institution and their own individual professional goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C Cox
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | | | - Tina P Brock
- University of Colorado Skaggs, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Romanelli
- University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, USA; American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, USA
| | - Shauna M Buring
- University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL, USA
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20
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Hrabarchuk EI, Dullea J, Downs M, Schupper AJ, Vasan V, McCarthy L, Asfaw Z, Quinones A, Kalagara R, Rodriguez B, Ali M, Li AY, Hannah TC, Choudhri TF. Bibliometric Analysis of International Medical Graduates and Professorship Promotion in Neurosurgery. World Neurosurg 2023; 178:e182-e188. [PMID: 37453729 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND International medical graduates (IMGs) comprise ∼25% of physicians in the United States. Differences in promotion rates from assistant to associate to full professorship based on medical school location have been understudied. We aim to stratify odds of professional advancement by 3 categories: IMG with U.S. residency, IMG with international residency, and U.S. medical with U.S. residency training. METHODS We created and queried a database after exclusions of 1334 neurosurgeons including multiple demographic factors: academic productivity and promotion rates. Stratified logistic regression modeled odds of promotion including the variables: decades out of training, Scopus h-index, gender, and training location. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each variable were calculated. RESULTS Significant predictors of increased associate versus assistant professorship included decades out of training (OR = 2.519 [95% CI: 2.07-3.093], P < 0.0001) and Scopus h-index (OR = 1.085 [95% CI: 1.064-1.108], P < 0.0001) while international medical school with U.S. residency (OR = 0.471 [95% CI: 0.231-0.914], P = 0.0352) was associated with decreased promotion. Significant predictors of associate versus full professorship were decades out of training (OR = 2.781 [95% CI: 2.268-3.444], P < 0.0001) and Scopus h-index (OR = 1.064 [95% CI: 1.049-1.080], P < 0.0001). Attending medical school or residency internationally was not associated with odds of full professorship. CONCLUSIONS Time out of residency and Scopus h-index were associated with higher academic rank regardless of career level. Attending medical school internationally with U.S. residency was associated with lower odds of associate professorship promotion over 10 years. There was no relationship between IMG and full professorship promotion. IMGs who attended residency internationally did not have lower promotion rates. These findings suggest it may be harder for IMGs to earn promotion from assistant to associate professor in neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene I Hrabarchuk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Jonathan Dullea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margaret Downs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander J Schupper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vikram Vasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lily McCarthy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zerubabbel Asfaw
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Addison Quinones
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roshini Kalagara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Y Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Theodore C Hannah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tanvir F Choudhri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Fewtrell M, Bandsma RHJ, Baur L, Duggan CP, Dumrongwongsiri O, Hojsak I, Khatami K, Koletzko B, Kovalskys I, Li Z, Mouane N, Nel E, Sachdev HS, Spolidoro JV. Role of Pediatricians in Promoting and Supporting Breastfeeding: A Position Paper of the International Pediatric Association Strategic Advisory Group on Infant, Child, and Adolescent Nutrition. Ann Nutr Metab 2023; 79:469-475. [PMID: 37673040 DOI: 10.1159/000534004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting and supporting breastfeeding is an important public health intervention with multiple benefits for both infants and mothers. Even modest increases in the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding could significantly reduce healthcare costs and improve maternal and child health outcomes. However, widespread adoption of breastfeeding recommendations remains poor in most settings, which contributes to widening health and social inequalities. Pediatricians have a duty to advocate for improving child health, including promoting and supporting breastfeeding. SUMMARY This paper, from the International Pediatric Association Special Advisory Group on Nutrition, considers common barriers to breastfeeding and addresses how pediatricians can better promote and support breastfeeding, both at an individual level and by influencing practice and policy. All pediatricians need to understand the basics of breastfeeding, including lactation physiology, recognize common breastfeeding problems, and advise mothers or refer them for appropriate support; training curricula for general pediatricians and all pediatric subspecialties should reflect this. Even in the situation where their day-to-day work does not involve direct contact with mothers and infants, pediatricians can have an important influence on policy and practice. They should support colleagues who work directly with mothers and infants, ensuring that systems and environments are conducive to breastfeeding and, where appropriate, milk expression. Pediatricians and pediatric organizations should also promote policies aimed at promoting and supporting breastfeeding at local, regional, national, and international levels. KEY MESSAGES Pediatricians have a duty to promote and support breastfeeding, regardless of their day-to-day role and responsibilities. Pediatric training curricula should ensure that all trainees acquire a good understanding of breastfeeding so they are able to effectively support mothers in their personal practice but also influence breastfeeding practice and policy at a local, regional, national, and international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Fewtrell
- Childhood Nutrition Research Group, Population, Practice and Policy Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Robert H J Bandsma
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louise Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher P Duggan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Division of Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oraporn Dumrongwongsiri
- Division of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Iva Hojsak
- Children's Hospital Zagreb, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katayoun Khatami
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, LMU - Ludwig Maximillians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Argentine Pontifical Catholic University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Maestría en Nutrición Humana, IDIP Instituto de Desarrollo e Investigaciones Pediátricas del Hospital de Niños de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Zhenghong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nezha Mouane
- Academic Children's Hospital Ibn Sina, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Etienne Nel
- FMHS, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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22
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Park SY, Park S, Lee E, Jeong YS, Kim JH, Oh SM, Cheong S, Park H, Jo S, Kim TH. Steady amelioration of institutional hand hygiene behavior among health care personnel after 12-year consistent intervention. Am J Infect Control 2023; 51:1023-1027. [PMID: 36736385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Institutional hand hygiene (HH) behavior is difficult to monitor and improve consistently, especially over long periods. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of HH promotion activities. METHOD We launched the HH promotion team in 2010 and conducted interventions including goal setting, observation and feedback, education, reward incentives, and accountability. Optimal HH compliance rates were calculated based on adherence to all 6-step HH technique and appropriate time recommended by the World Health Organization. HH and optimal HH compliance were calculated over 12 years. Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the trend in HH compliance according to year. RESULTS In 2010, HH and optimal HH compliance were 59.7% and 15.6%, respectively. HH compliance increased by 83.9% in 2013 and remained over 75%. HH compliance increased significantly, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.014 (95% CI 1.002-1.025, P = .018). Optimal HH compliance increased by 67.8% in 2013 and remained over 60%, except in 2016 (58.8%) and 2019 (59.8%). Optimal HH compliance increased with RR 1.033 (95% CI 0.991-1.076, P = .123). DISCUSSION HH and optimal HH compliance increased significantly over the 12 years when subgroup analysis was performed by job category. CONCLUSIONS HH promotion team activities improved and maintained optimal HH compliance among HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yoon Park
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Centers for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Park
- Department of Biostatistics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Su Jeong
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Kim
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Oh
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojin Cheong
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyein Park
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SoYea Jo
- Infection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyong Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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DeLuca J, Girand HL, Hilaire ML, Lindsey CC, Evans J, Prescott WA. A Call to Action for the Professional Development of Mid-Career Faculty. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100044. [PMID: 37714663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite taking on heavier teaching and service loads, an expanding research program, and serving as mentors to junior faculty, mid-career faculty often feel unsupported. Providing a solid foundation through resource allocation and sharing between and within institutions can facilitate establishment or improvement of faculty development initiatives, workload equity, transparent policies, routine performance evaluation, a process for faculty recognition, and a system of mentoring to create an environment where this essential group of faculty can continue to grow. The following discussion, which includes suggested methods to achieve these goals with a focus on mid-career faculty, serves as a call to action for pharmacy school administrators to assess the state of mid-career faculty at their institution, and if indicated, implement systems that promote success among this group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather L Girand
- Ferris State University, College of Pharmacy, Big Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffery Evans
- University of Louisiana Monroe, College of Pharmacy, Monroe, LA, USA
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Kilibarda B, Vuković A, Marković E, Perić T, Petrović B, Cakarević V, Matijević S, Marković D. The Participation of Pediatric Dentists in Oral Health Promotion and Education in Serbia. Zdr Varst 2023; 62:145-152. [PMID: 37327127 PMCID: PMC10263367 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2023-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify the involvement of Serbian paediatric dentists in oral health promotion and education, and to propose further actions for the improvement of these activities. Methods This is an analysis of data collected by a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey of 445 dentists involved in the provision of dental health services to children at the primary healthcare level. We explored dentists' involvement in oral health education and promotion and the cooperation with other health professionals at the healthcare centre and the community level as well as their attitudes towards the importance of some factors influencing their work. Results Dentists estimate their cooperation with different services with ratings higher than 3 on the scale of 1 to 5. They reported the highest satisfaction in cooperation with paediatric services for preschool and schoolchildren (4.0±1.0). At the community level, they reported excellent cooperation with kindergartens (4.4±0.8), while collaboration with Roma health mediators (3.14±1.34) and nongovernmental organizations (2.5±1.4) received lower ratings. According to the average rating (4.7±0.7), dentists perceive the motivation of patients and/or their guardians for keeping good oral health as the factor with the highest importance for the quality of interventions they provide. Conclusions Dentists involved in the provision of dental healthcare for children and adolescents in primary healthcare centres in Serbia participate in different oral healthcare education and promotion activities in the community, and highlight the importance of strengthening cooperation with healthcare and other professionals and services aimed at vulnerable population groups, both within the health sector and nongovernmental organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Kilibarda
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut, Department for Monitoring and Prevention of Risk Behaviour, Milke Grgurove 5, 11000Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Vuković
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evgenija Marković
- Clinic of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Perić
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Petrović
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Stevo Matijević
- University of Defense, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, Clinic of Stomatology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Marković
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Li T. A Public Health Initiative for Action on Early Warning of Heat Health Risks. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:639-641. [PMID: 37529145 PMCID: PMC10388182 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Doughty HC, Hill RA, Riley A, Midgley AW, Patterson JM, Boddy LM, Rogers SN, Maden M, Williams NH. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in adults living with and beyond cancer, with special emphasis on head and neck cancer: a systematic review of qualitative and mixed methods studies. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:471. [PMID: 37458858 PMCID: PMC10352410 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity can improve health outcomes for cancer patients; however, only 30% of patients are physically active. This review explored barriers to and facilitators of physical activity promotion and participation in patients living with and beyond cancer. Secondary aims were to (1) explore similarities and differences in barriers and facilitators experienced in head and neck cancer versus other cancers, and (2) identify how many studies considered the influence of socioeconomic characteristics on physical activity behaviour. METHODS CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane (CDSR) were searched for qualitative and mixed methods evidence. Quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and a Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Tool. Thematic synthesis and frequency of reporting were conducted, and results were structured using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour model and Theoretical Domains Framework. RESULTS Thirty qualitative and six mixed methods studies were included. Socioeconomic characteristics were not frequently assessed across the included studies. Barriers included side effects and comorbidities (physical capability; skills) and lack of knowledge (psychological capability; knowledge). Having a dry mouth or throat and choking concerns were reported in head and neck cancer, but not across other cancers. Facilitators included improving education (psychological capability; knowledge) on the benefits and safety of physical activity. CONCLUSION Educating patients and healthcare professionals on the benefits and safety of physical activity may facilitate promotion, uptakeand adherence. Head and neck cancer patients experienced barriers not cited across other cancers, and research exploring physical activity promotion in this patient group is required to improve physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C. Doughty
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
| | - Ruaraidh A. Hill
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, L69 3GL Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Riley
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
| | - Adrian W. Midgley
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, L39 4QP UK
| | - Joanne M. Patterson
- Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, L69 3GB Liverpool, UK
| | - Lynne M. Boddy
- The Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 2EX UK
| | - Simon N. Rogers
- Head and Neck Centre, Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Wirral, CH49 5PE UK
| | - Michelle Maden
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, L69 3GL Liverpool, UK
| | - Nefyn H. Williams
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL UK
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Luick M, Pechey R, Harmer G, Bandy L, Jebb SA, Piernas C. The impact of price promotions on confectionery and snacks on the energy content of shopping baskets: A randomised controlled trial in an experimental online supermarket. Appetite 2023; 186:106539. [PMID: 36931348 PMCID: PMC10933760 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Overconsumption of foods high in fat, sugars, and salt (HFSS) poses a significant risk to health. The government in England has passed legislation that would limit some price promotions of HFSS foods within supermarkets, but evidence regarding likely impacts of these policies, especially in online settings, is limited. This study aimed to determine whether there were any differences in the energy and nutrient content of shopping baskets after removing promotions on HFSS foods in an online experimental supermarket. UK adults (n = 511) were asked to select food from four categories with a £10 budget in an online experimental supermarket: confectionery; biscuits and crackers; crisps, nuts and snacking fruit; cakes and tarts. They were randomly allocated to one of two trial arms: (1) promotions present (matched to promotion frequency seen in a major UK retailer) (n = 257), or (2) all promotions removed from all products within the target food categories (n = 254). The primary outcome analysis used linear regression to compare total energy (kcal) of items placed in shopping baskets when promotions were present vs. absent, while secondary analyses investigated differences in nutrients and energy purchased from individual food categories. Mean energy in food selected without promotions was 5156 kcal per basket (SD 1620), compared to 5536 kcal (SD 1819) with promotions, a difference of -552kcal (95%CIs: -866, -238), equivalent to 10%. There were no significant differences in energy purchased for any individual category between groups. No evidence was found of other changes in nutritional composition of baskets or of significant interactions between the impact of promotions and participant characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity) on energy purchased. Removing promotions on HFSS foods resulted in significantly less total energy selected in an online experimental supermarket study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Luick
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Rachel Pechey
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
| | - Georgina Harmer
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Lauren Bandy
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Susan A Jebb
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Carmen Piernas
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain
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Moxham L, Thomas T, Curtis E, Mackay M, Pratt H, Livingstone K. Nursing students' attitudes, behaviour, and knowledge toward smoking cessation: Results from a descriptive survey at a regional university. Nurse Educ Today 2023; 125:105798. [PMID: 36933373 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the largest single cause of lifestyle-related preventable morbidity and mortality. Nurses form the largest cohort of health professionals and are strategically placed to implement smoking cessation interventions. However their capacity is underutilised, particularly in rural and remote areas in countries such as Australia where the incidence of smoking in is higher than average and access to healthcare is limited. One strategy to address the underutilisation of nurses in smoking cessation interventions is to include training in the university/college nursing curriculum. To effectively implement this training, it is vital to have an in-depth knowledge of student nurses' attitudes towards smoking including the role of healthcare professionals in smoking cessation, their smoking behaviour and that of their peers, and knowledge regarding smoking cessation techniques and resources. OBJECTIVES Investigate nursing students' attitudes, behaviour, and knowledge towards smoking cessation, determine the impact of demographics and educational experienced on these, and develop recommendations for future research and educational practice. DESIGN Descriptive survey. PARTICIPANTS Non-probability sample of undergraduate nursing students (n = 247) from a regional Australian university. RESULTS Significantly more participants had tried smoking cigarettes than had not (p = 0.026). There were no significant relationships between gender and smoking (p = 0.169) or e-cigarette use (p = 0.200), but a significant relationship was found between age and smoking status where older participants (48-57 years) were more likely to smoke (p < 0.001). Most participants (70 %) were supportive of public health measures to reduce cigarette smoking but felt that they lacked specific knowledge to assist their patients to cease smoking. CONCLUSIONS Within education there needs to be an emphasis on the central role that nurses play in smoking cessation with a greater focus on training nursing students about smoking cessation strategies and resources. There is also a need to ensure that students know it falls within their duty of care to address smoking cessation with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Moxham
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Tamsin Thomas
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Curtis
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Maria Mackay
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Helen Pratt
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
| | - Kimberley Livingstone
- University of Wollongong, 2 Northfields Avenue, Keiraville, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
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Kohs TCL, Clarin SN, Carter RG, Mundorff K, Imoukhuede PI, Ramamurthi A, Bao G, King MR, McCarty OJT. Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Promotion and Tenure in Biomedical Engineering: Communication from the Biomedical Engineering Society Long Range Planning Committee. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:181-185. [PMID: 37456787 PMCID: PMC10338410 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Promotion and tenure (P&T) remain the central tenets of academia. The criteria for P&T both create and reflect the mission of an institution. The discipline of biomedical engineering is built upon the invention and translation of tools to address unmet clinical needs. 'Broadening the bar' for P&T to include efforts in innovation, entrepreneurship, and technology-based transfer (I/E/T) will require establishing the criteria and communication of methodology for their evaluation. We surveyed the department chairs across the fields of biomedical and bioengineering to understand the state-of-the-art in incorporation, evaluation, and definition of I/E/T as applied to the P&T process. The survey results reflected a commitment to increasing and respecting I/E/T activities as part of the P&T criteria. This was balanced by an equally strong desire for improving the education and policy for evaluating I/E/T internally as well as externally. The potential for 'broadening the bar' for P&T to include I/E/T activities in biomedical engineering may serve as an example for other fields in engineering and applied sciences, and a template for potential inclusion of additional efforts such as diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) into the pillars of scholarship, education, and service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia C. L. Kohs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Samuel N. Clarin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Rich G. Carter
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Karl Mundorff
- Office of Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Princess I. Imoukhuede
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Anand Ramamurthi
- Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA USA
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, George R. Brown School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX USA
| | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Owen J. T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 USA
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30
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Hall WA, Keys E, Ou C. A call to action about nurses promoting healthy sleep. Sleep Med 2023; 108:53-54. [PMID: 37327660 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Hall
- UBC School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, T 201 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T2B5, Canada. https://twitter.com/wendyha65734663
| | - Elizabeth Keys
- School of Nursing, Okanagan Campus, ART360 (Arts Building), 1147 Research Road, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Christine Ou
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, B, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.
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Wang L, Sun F, Hu J, Zuo W, Zheng Y, Wu Y, Kwok HF, Cao Z. The tick saliva peptide HIDfsin2 promotes the tick-borne virus SFTSV replication in vitro by enhancing p38 signal pathway. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1783-1794. [PMID: 37148319 PMCID: PMC10163292 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens co-evolved with ticks to facilitate blood collection and pathogen transmission. Although tick saliva was recently found to be rich in bioactive peptides, it is still elusive which saliva peptide promotes virus transmission and which pathways are invovled. Here, we used a saliva peptide HIDfsin2 and a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) both carried by the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis to elucidate the relationship between tick saliva components and tick-borne viruses. HIDfsin2 was found to promote the replication of SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. HIDfsin2 was further revealed to MKK3/6-dependently magnify the activation of p38 MAPK. The overexpression, knockdown and phosphorylation site mutation of p38α indicated that p38 MAPK activation facilitated SFTSV infection in A549 cells. Moreover, the blockade of p38 MAPK activation significantly suppressed SFTSV replication. Differently, HIDfsin2 or pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK activation had no effect on a mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV). All these results showed that HIDfsin2 specifically promoted SFTSV replication through the MKK3/6-dependent enhancement of p38 MAPK activation. Our study provides a new perspective on the transmission of tick-borne viruses under natural conditions, and supports that the blockade of p38 MAPK activation can be a promising strategy against the mortal tick-borne virus SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Weimin Zuo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Center for Medical Experiments (CME), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518106, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Zhijian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Rodrigues DL, de Visser RO, Lopes D, Prada M, Garrido MV, Balzarini RN. Prevent2Protect Project: Regulatory Focus Differences in Sexual Health Knowledge and Practices. Arch Sex Behav 2023; 52:1701-1713. [PMID: 36702994 PMCID: PMC9879562 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02536-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The way people perceive risks and make decisions about their health is regulated by two motivational systems-prevention of harm or promotion of pleasure. People more focused on prevention strive to avoid negative outcomes and enact more health-protective behaviors. In contrast, people more focused on promotion strive to attain positive outcomes and take more risks with their health. Building upon recent evidence extending this framework to sexual behaviors and health, we conducted a pre-registered online survey ( OSF ) with Portuguese and Spanish adults (N = 742; Mage = 31.42, SD = 9.16) to examine whether self-reported STI knowledge and sexual health practices differ based on predominant regulatory focus. This study was part of the Prevent2Protect project ( OSF ). Results showed that prevention-focused participants had heard about more STIs and retrieved more of their knowledge from scientific sources but had been tested for fewer STIs in the past. In contrast, promotion-focused participants indicated they had specific knowledge about more STIs, retrieved more of their knowledge from medical and peer sources, and had been tested for more STIs in the past. They also reported more frequent STI testing, using free testing facilities or asking their family practice doctor to get tested, more routine sexual health check-ups, and more use of other contraceptive methods, such as birth control pills. These results remained unchanged after controlling for demographic differences. Overall, our findings showed that different motives in sexuality shape sexual health knowledge and sexual health practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Rodrigues
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Diniz Lopes
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marília Prada
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida V Garrido
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rhonda N Balzarini
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
- The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Xuan SH, Hua ML, Xiang Z, He XL, Huang L, Jiang C, Dong P, Wu J. Roles of cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal cancers. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:209-220. [PMID: 37181004 PMCID: PMC10173810 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main cause of tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and recurrence. Recently, CSCs have been extensively studied to identify CSC-specific surface markers as well as signaling pathways that play key roles in CSCs self-renewal. The involvement of CSCs in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers also highlights these cells as a priority target for therapy. The diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of GI cancer have always been a focus of attention. Therefore, the potential application of CSCs in GI cancers is receiving increasing attention. This review summarizes the role of CSCs in GI cancers, focusing on esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. In addition, we propose CSCs as potential targets and therapeutic strategies for the effective treatment of GI cancers, which may provide better guidance for clinical treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hai Xuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Dongtai City, Dongtai 224299, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Lu Hua
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Lin He
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu Province, China
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Satoh K, Yamakawa D, Kasai K, Hatayama I. Vibratome technique revealed initial carcinogenic changes that induce GST-P + single hepatocytes and minifoci in rat liver. Anal Biochem 2023; 672:115168. [PMID: 37080414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The drastic initial carcinogenic changes that induce single hepatocytes and minifoci positive for GST-P (a specific biomarker of foci and nodules) identified previously in rat livers (K. Satoh, Life Sci. 2018) require elucidation. Notably, after animals were administered benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC, anti-cancer phytochemical, 0.5% by wt) in their basal diet, immunocytochemical staining of vibratome-prepared liver specimens for GST-P revealed that the canalicular networks and bile ducts of the animal livers were heavily and finely stained for GST-P even though the biomarker is a cytosolic enzyme. In addition, the mean diameter of the canaliculi was greatly enlarged. The results thus indicate that GST-P was rapidly synthesized in all hepatocytes but rapidly excreted into bile. Similar results were obtained with animals administered dietary AAF carcinogen (0.04%). The biliary excretion of GST-P was detectable not only in all hepatocytes but also within minifoci, foci and nodules. A new initiation model was therefore proposed assuming that GST-P+ single hepatocytes are formed after injury to canaliculi by carcinogens to decrease the excretion of GST-P from hepatocytes. The key findings from this study and the biomarker analysis using a vibratome technique might help elucidate the 'unknowable' mechanism of cancer initiation in rat chemical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiko Satoh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hon-Cho 66-1, Hirosaki, 036-8564, Japan.
| | - Daishi Yamakawa
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hon-Cho 66-1, Hirosaki, 036-8564, Japan; Department of Physiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kousuke Kasai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hon-Cho 66-1, Hirosaki, 036-8564, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hatayama
- Division of Microbiology, Aomori Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, Aomori Tsukurimichi 1-1-1, Aomori, 030-8566, Japan
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Shubayr MA, Kruger E, Tennant M. Oral health providers' views of oral health promotion in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:214. [PMID: 36879255 PMCID: PMC9990294 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health promotion (OHP) is a crucial aspect of dental care, as it aims to improve and protect oral health of individuals. This study aimed to qualitatively explore views of oral health providers in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, on their perceptions of their responsibilities for OHP, as well as the barriers and potential opportunities for implementing health promotion in dental practice. METHODS A convenience sample of 11 oral health providers from Ministry of Health (MOH) facilities were recruited and participated in virtual one-on-one semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis with N-Vivo software. RESULTS The results showed that the providers recognized the significant role and responsibility of OHP in improving oral health. However, several barriers hindered their OHP efforts, including a lack of training, funding, time, and a lack of interest in OHP. Potential opportunities for improvement included increasing recruitment of new oral health providers and educators, developing more training programs for providers and the community, and expanding support in terms of finances and logistics. CONCLUSION The findings of the study suggest that oral health providers are aware of OHP, but that both patients and organizations will need to shift their behaviours and perspectives for OHP to be successfully implemented. Further research on OHP in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosa Ali Shubayr
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health and Equity, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 5 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia. .,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Estie Kruger
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health and Equity, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 5 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Marc Tennant
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health and Equity, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 5 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
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Giombi K, Thompson J, Wines C, Haughney R, Sullivan HW, Betts KR. A scoping review of empirical research on prescription drug promotion. Res Social Adm Pharm 2023; 19:859-872. [PMID: 36931982 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmaceutical spending on prescription drug promotion is considerable, and exposure to advertising can influence demand and behavior. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provides industry guidance to help ensure that communications to consumers and health care providers about prescription drug promotion are truthful, balanced, and accurately communicated. As empirical research has accelerated on this topic in the past decade, an understanding of the current landscape of the science will help inform future research. OBJECTIVES Using systematic methods, this rigorous scoping review of the literature over the past decade (2012-2021) (1) examined the extent to which prescription drug promotion has been empirically investigated with consumers, patients, and health care providers; (2) examined the extent to which content and features of prescription drug promotion have been empirically investigated; and (3) identified themes across the literature to better understand the current landscape of prescription drug promotion. METHODS Databases searched include PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Business Source Corporate, Communication Source, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov for original research published in English from January 1, 2012, through November 10, 2021, using terms related to direct-to-consumer advertising, prescription drugs, and outcomes of interest (e.g., attitudes, perceptions, intentions, behaviors). RESULTS Of 804 screened references, 151 studies addressed the first research question, and 40 studies addressed the second. The most common theme across the body of evidence focused on testing of features and content in prescription drug promotional materials (84), followed by studies examining attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors toward prescription drug promotion more generally (43). Some (27) studies focused on targeted populations, such as patients, the elderly, non-English speaking people or individuals of a non-white race/ethnicity. Twenty-four studies assessed influence of exposure to prescription drug promotion on actual clinical outcomes, while 11 studies examined emerging technologies around prescription drug promotion. Seven studies evaluated the extent to which prescription drug promotion complied with existing guidelines and requirements. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this scoping review suggest there has been an increase in the number of empirical studies conducted on prescription drug promotion over the past decade. Potential areas that warrant further study include examination of emerging technologies, an expanded focus on targeted populations, and construct measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Candi Wines
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Helen W Sullivan
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Prescription Drug Promotion, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kevin R Betts
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Office of Prescription Drug Promotion, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Sorg H, Ehlers JP, Zupanic M, Salehi I, G G Sorg C. [How important is an academic career in medicine today? A survey of medical students in Germany: results of study arm XIII of the KARiMED study]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2023; 177:73-81. [PMID: 36841677 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Academic careers still play a significant role in medicine. Although the doctorate remains interesting for many students, there are no data available from medical students, for example, with regard to the interest of a habilitation. In parallel, a good work-life/family balance is a key career element for young medical professionals. The aim was to obtain an up-to-date opinion on the academic career of medical students. METHODOLOGY Using an online survey, medical students of all semesters in Germany were questioned on the topics of academic career, mentoring, and work-life balance from October 2017 to December 2018. For this purpose, the medical students were invited by e-mail to participate and answer an anonymized online questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 1,775 participants from all 38 German medical faculties (68.3% female; age 23.3 ± 4.0 years) were included. Almost half of the participants could envision working in a branch office after graduation. While a professional career appeared important to a clear majority (70.8%), leisure time was rated as even more important (84.3%), and work-life balance clearly prioritized personal life (41.2%) over career (9.6%). Acquiring a title was rated as important to one's career by 53.6%. However, while the acquisition of a doctorate was still an option for 88.0% of the respondents, the situation is significantly different for academic titles following a successful habilitation. Although the significance of a habilitation is rated as high to very high (66.1%), the titles of assistant professor ("yes": 13.0%), associate professor (6.0%) or university professor (7.0%) are much less likely to be considered by medical students and are therefore rated as "maybe" and "no". Nevertheless, almost 60% wished for better information and advice in their future field of work. CONCLUSION Careers in medicine are undergoing a transformation where better compatibility of leisure/family and work is no longer the sole focus. On the contrary, work-life blending is sought, as a connection between work and life. Changes are therefore necessary for professional and especially academic careers in order to make working in science and research attractive again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Sorg
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland; Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Deutschland.
| | - Jan P Ehlers
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Michaela Zupanic
- Lehrstuhl für Didaktik und Bildungsforschung im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Gesundheit, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Irsa Salehi
- Abteilung für Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein und Viszeralchirurgie, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Deutschland
| | - Christian G G Sorg
- Lehrstuhl für Management und Innovation im Gesundheitswesen, Fakultät für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Deutschland
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Li RR, Wang BL, Nan FR, Lv JP, Liu XD, Liu Q, Feng J, Xie SL. Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of microalga Scenedesmusquadricauda. Environ Pollut 2023; 319:120987. [PMID: 36592883 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of the aquatic environment with microplastics has become a global environmental concern. Microplastic particles can be shredded to form smaller nanoplastics, and knowledge on their impacts on phytoplankton, especially freshwater microalgae, is still limited. To investigate this issue, the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda was exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) of five concentrations (10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L). The growth; the contents of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD); the chlorophyll content; and concentrations of soluble protein and soluble polysaccharide were accordingly measured. The results showed that the microalgal density increased with the increase of the polystyrene nanoplastic concentrations, and the physiological features of alga were enhanced after the stimulation of nanoplastics. Furthermore, a high concentration (200 mg/L) of nanoplastics increased the contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, and polysaccharide (P < 0.05). The antioxidant enzyme activities of Scenedesmus quadricauda were significantly activated by nanoplastics. Lastly, we propose three possible algal recovery mechanisms in response to nanoplastics in which Scenedesmus quadricauda was tolerant with PS-NPs by cell wall thickening, internalization, and aggregation. The results of this study contribute to understanding of the ecological risks of nanoplastics on freshwater microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ru Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Bin-Liang Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Fang-Ru Nan
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jun-Ping Lv
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jia Feng
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Shu-Lian Xie
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan Shanxi, 030006, China.
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Zhao Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Wu Y, Jia Z, Zhou X, Ji M. PMo 12 as a redox mediator for bio-reduction of Cr(VI): Promotor or inhibitor? Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:159896. [PMID: 36336043 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Slow reduction rate and low reduction ability were the main limitations of bio-reduction of Cr(VI). As an efficient redox mediator, how phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) affected bio-reduction of Cr(VI) was worthy of exploration. In this study, short-term and long-term effects of PMo12 on Cr(VI) reduction were investigated to reveal the relevant mechanism. After evaluating the short-term effect of PMo12 concentration from 0.05 to 1.00 mM on Cr(VI) bio-reduction, 0.50 mM was found to be optimum by improving Cr(VI) reduction rate by 16.3 % and microbial electron transport system activity (ETSA) by 43.0 % with Cr(VI) reduction efficiency of 100 % in short-term (22 h) batch experiments. By contrast, in long-term (28 days) continuous flow experiments, 0.50 mM PMo12 exhibited serious inhibition on Cr(VI) bio-reduction. The cumulative toxicity of Mo, strong oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species increased by 16.5 %), the inhibition of extracellular polymeric substances production and the reduction of microbial activity were proved to be the main inhibition mechanism. In terms of microbial electron transport system, the main electron carriers including flavin mononucleotide (FMN), nitrate reductase (NAR), nitrite reductase (NIR) were seriously inhibited. BugBase analysis confirmed that the relative abundance of biofilm forming bacteria decreased after PMo12 addition, and the relative abundance of oxidative stress tolerance bacteria continued to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xvlong Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yichen Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zichen Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Turner J, Clanchy K, Vincze L. Telehealth interventions for physical activity and exercise participation in postpartum women: A quantitative systematic review. Prev Med 2023; 167:107413. [PMID: 36603606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum women are one of the least physically active vulnerable populations globally and telehealth has been proposed as a potential method of delivering effective exercise interventions for this population. However, clinical practice guidelines are based upon the recommendations for the general population and therefore, the most efficacious exercise dose and the delivery method for this population is unclear. This quantitative systematic review will examine the implementation and outcomes of telehealth exercise interventions in the postpartum population to synthesise the degree to which these outcomes have been assessed and evaluated. Five databases were searched from January 2001 to March 2022. Studies implementing synchronous telehealth exercise interventions for postpartum women were included. Interventions were examined against the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist that assesses intervention reporting completeness and replicability. Of the 1036 records identified, 16 studies progressed to data extraction. Six interventions provided individualised exercise prescription, and only four were delivered by university-level exercise practitioners. Physical activity participation was well reported, however health-related outcomes (i.e., muscular strength and aerobic capacity) were very minimally assessed. Only one intervention utilised modern video conferencing as the primary telehealth communication method. With the minimal assessment of health-related outcomes, there is limited scope to assess the effectiveness of these interventions for postpartum women. Future research interventions need to be reported according to a validated trial reporting system and focus on relevant health related outcomes including postpartum depressive symptoms, quality of life, cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Turner
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Kelly Clanchy
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - Lisa Vincze
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Dai B, Yang Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Yang L, Cai X, Wang Z, Xia S. Enhancement and mechanisms of iron-assisted anammox process. Sci Total Environ 2023; 858:159931. [PMID: 36343824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a sustainable biological nitrogen removal technology that has limited large-scale applications owing to the low cell yield and high sensitivity of anammox bacteria (AnAOB). Fortunately, iron-assisted anammox, being a highly practical method could be an effective solution. This review focused on the iron-assisted anammox process, especially on its performance and mechanisms. In this review, the effects of iron in three different forms (ionic iron, zero-valent iron and iron-containing minerals) on the performance of the anammox process were systematically reviewed and summarized, and the strengthening effects of Fe (II) seem to be more prominent. Moreover, the detailed mechanisms of iron-assisted anammox in previous researches were discussed from macro to micro perspectives. Additionally, applicable iron-assisted methods and unified strengthening mechanisms for improving the stability of nitrogen removal and shortening the start-up time of the system in anammox processes were suggested to explore in future studies. This review was intended to provide helpful information for scientific research and engineering applications of iron-assisted anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yifeng Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zuobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiangming Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Meckler GD, Cheung KW, Chun A, Velmurugiah N, Gill GGK, Ivsins A, Chang D, Doan Q. Equity, diversity, and inclusion in the emergency medicine workforce: benefits, barriers, and strategies. CAN J EMERG MED 2023; 25:269-273. [PMID: 36626116 DOI: 10.1007/s43678-023-00451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garth D Meckler
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Ka Wai Cheung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alaina Chun
- Health Economics, Policy and Law, ESHPM, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Niresha Velmurugiah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ginjeet Gina K Gill
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Averil Ivsins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, North Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diana Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Quynh Doan
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Alruwaily S, Masud N, Alshaibani H, Sheikho M, Alshoaibi M, Awadalla A. Knowledge, perception and acceptability of breastfeeding and bottle feeding among Saudi population. Sudan J Paediatr 2023; 23:177-186. [PMID: 38380408 PMCID: PMC10876268 DOI: 10.24911/sjp.106-1665846928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite the enormous benefits of breastfeeding (BF), its prevalence is suboptimal, with exclusive BF ranging between 7.3 % and 51% in the Saudi community. The aim of this study was to assess the Saudi community's knowledge regarding BF, exposure to BF promotional messages and formula milk advertisements and acceptability of BF in public places. It was a cross-sectional study that included Saudis aged 20-55 years old between December 2019 and June 2020. It utilised a self-administered questionnaire, which asked about background information, knowledge of BF, exposure to BF-promoting messages and exposure to formula milk advertisements and acceptability of BF versus bottle feeding in public. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v. 22). For the analysis, a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. The sample included for analysis was 914. The mean age of participants was 33.8 ± 9 years. The majority of participants were female 823 (90%); males 87 (10%). The vast majority (94%) agreed that breast milk is more beneficial than formula milk. Nearly two-thirds (61%) were continuously exposed to messages advertising formula feeding, compared to only 35% who were exposed to messages promoting BF. The study found that 67.2% accept BF in public places. Among male participants, only 49% accepted BF in public places compared to 79% of female participants who accepted it; p-value <0.001. Acceptability of BF in public places was significantly higher among participants who had family members who breastfed (68%), compared to those who did not (50%), (p-value 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alruwaily
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Children Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Masud
- Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya Alshaibani
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Children Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Sheikho
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Children Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshael Alshoaibi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Awadalla
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Children Specialist Children Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Giouridis N, Williams TL, Tomasone JR. Physical activity promotion to persons with spinal cord injury by health and exercise professionals: A scoping review. J Spinal Cord Med 2023; 46:126-145. [PMID: 34747675 PMCID: PMC9897751 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1977061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health and exercise professionals (HEPs) are ideal promoters and valued messengers of physical activity (PA) information among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, little is known about what strategies used by HEPs increase PA behavior in persons with SCI, or what factors influence HEPs when promoting PA to persons with SCI. The purposes of this scoping review were to (1) ascertain the extent, range and nature of the literature, (2) identify strategies used by HEPs that are associated with an increase in PA behavior for persons with SCI, and (3) identify the facilitators and barriers to PA promotion by the HEPs. METHODS A comprehensive search was undertaken. Search terms were expanded surrounding three key terms: PA, promotion, and SCI. RESULTS Twenty-four articles representing 18 unique studies were identified. HEPs predominantly consisted of physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and leisure trainers/therapists. Most interventions were delivered by HEPs to persons with SCI in in-patient rehabilitation centres and community-based settings. Tailored exercise programs and on-going counseling support were considered essential for increasing PA behavior. HEPs' common barriers to PA promotion were perceived lack of time, education, and training. CONCLUSION A need to improve and sustain SCI-specific PA knowledge and education was identified if PA promotion is to become a structured and integral component of practice. This study provides valuable information for interventions to increase PA behavior among persons with SCI by improving PA promotion by HEPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Giouridis
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,Correspondence to: Nicole Giouridis, School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, 28 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaK7L3N6.
| | | | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Pereira-Kotze C, Horwood C, Haskins L, Kingston G, Luthuli S, Doherty T. Exploring women's exposure to marketing of commercial formula products: a qualitative marketing study from two sites in South Africa. Glob Health Action 2022; 15:2074663. [PMID: 35946213 PMCID: PMC9377257 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2074663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regulating the marketing of commercial formula products is a long-term commitment required to protect breastfeeding. Marketing strategies of formula manufacturers, retailers and distributors evolve at a rapid rate. Objective The aim of this research was to describe exposure of pregnant women and mothers of young children in South Africa to marketing of commercial formula products, compared to international recommendations and national legislation. Methods Using mobile phone marketing diaries twenty participants in Cape Town and Johannesburg documented the formula marketing they were exposed to for one week. Ten mothers were interviewed to explore their perceptions towards marketing exposure in more depth. Results Women reported limited infant formula advertising, but an abundance of strategies used to market growing-up formula and powdered drinks for children over 36 months. Strategies included product packaging, in-store displays, online distribution channels and educational material about product ranges. Online strategies were reported, namely social media marketing (sponsored adverts and support groups), websites and mobile phone applications providing infant and young child feeding information and price discounts, print and TV advertisements, and competitions. Products for children over 36 months are cross-promoted with products prohibited to be advertised by national legislation. Conclusions South African women are being exposed to covert marketing of infant, follow-up, and growing-up formula. Explicit marketing of products for children over 36 months of age allows formula companies to provide messages about branding and use of commercial formula products to mothers. National legislation should be updated and effectively implemented to address changing marketing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christiane Horwood
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lyn Haskins
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Silondile Luthuli
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tanya Doherty
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.,Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Casañas R, Castellvi P, Gil JJ, Torres-Torres M, Barón J, Teixidó M, Sampietro HM, Díez M, Fernández R, Sorli R, Siñol P, Jurado F, Carreras-Salvador R, Vazquez D, Gonzalez S, Martín MIFS, Raya-Tena A, Alvarez R, Amado-Rodriguez I, López LMM, Alonso J, Lalucat-Jo L. The effectiveness of a "EspaiJove.net"- a school-based intervention programme in increasing mental health knowledge, help seeking and reducing stigma attitudes in the adolescent population: a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2425. [PMID: 36566192 PMCID: PMC9789578 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of the universal mental health literacy intervention "EspaiJove.net" in increasing mental health knowledge, help seeking and reducing stigma attitudes in the adolescent population. We also examine whether these effects depend on the intervention intensity. METHODS: A clustered school-based randomised controlled trial (cRCT) design. SUBJECTS 1,298 secondary pupils aged 13 and 14 were recruited from 18 schools in Barcelona (Spain) between September 2016 and January 2018. INTERVENTION Three programmes were assessed: 1) Sensitivity Programme (SP; 1 h); 2) Mental Health Literacy (MHL; 6 h); 3) MHL plus a first-person Stigma Reduction Programme (MHL + SR; 7 h); 4) Control group (CG): waiting list. OUTCOME MEASURES 1) MHL: EspaiJove.net EMHL Test (First part and Second Part); 2) Stigma: RIBS and CAMI; 3) Help-seeking and use of treatment: GHSQ. ANALYSIS The data was collected at baseline, post-intervention and 6 and 12 months later. An intention-to-treat analysis and imputation method was used to analyse the missing data. Intervention effects were analysed using multilevel modelling. RESULTS One thousand thirty-two students were included (SP = 225; MHL = 261; MHL + SR = 295 and CG = 251). The MHL and MHL + SR interventions showed short- and long-term an increase in knowledge compared to SP and CG, but no significant change post-intervention or over time (First part p = 0.52 and Second part p = 0.62) between intervention groups and CG. No significant changes were found in stigma scores post-intervention or over time (CAMI p = 0.61 and RIBS p = 0.98) or in help-seeking scores (parent p = 0.69; teacher p = 0.23 and healthcare professional p = 0.75). The MHL + SR intervention was the best valued and recommended (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The three interventions of the EspaiJove.net programme (SP, MHL and MHL + SR) seem not to be effective in terms MHL, Stigma and help-seeking behaviours. The contact with a person who has experimented mental illness first-hand did not reduce stigma attitudes. Further research should deal with the heterogeneity of MHL interventions (concept, duration and measures) and identify which components of stigma interventions are effective. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03215654 (registration date 12 July 2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Casañas
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Research Department, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/ Numància, 103-105, Bajos, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Castellvi
- grid.410675.10000 0001 2325 3084Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Campus Sant Cugat. C/ Josep Trueta s/n, Sant Cugat del Vallés, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan-José Gil
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Les Corts- Sarrià Sant Gervasi, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/Montnegre 21, 3a Planta, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Torres-Torres
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Les Corts- Sarrià Sant Gervasi, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/Montnegre 21, 3a Planta, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesica Barón
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Les Corts- Sarrià Sant Gervasi, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/Montnegre 21, 3a Planta, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Teixidó
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Mental Health Area of Les Corts- Sarrià Sant Gervasi, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/Via Augusta 364-372, 4a Planta, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marta Díez
- Activament Catalunya Associació, C/ Rocafort, 242 Bis, 3R B, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Fernández
- grid.418476.80000 0004 1767 8715Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Ciutat Vella- Sant Martí, Instituto de Neuropsiquiatria y Adicciones del Parc de Salut del Mar (INAD), Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, C/ Ramon Turró, 337, 339, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sorli
- grid.418476.80000 0004 1767 8715Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Ciutat Vella- Sant Martí, Instituto de Neuropsiquiatria y Adicciones del Parc de Salut del Mar (INAD), Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, C/ Ramon Turró, 337, 339, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Siñol
- grid.418476.80000 0004 1767 8715Child and Juvenile Mental Health Centre of Ciutat Vella- Sant Martí, Instituto de Neuropsiquiatria y Adicciones del Parc de Salut del Mar (INAD), Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, C/ Ramon Turró, 337, 339, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisca Jurado
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Regina Carreras-Salvador
- grid.418476.80000 0004 1767 8715Instituto de Neuropsiquiatria y Adicciones del Parc de Salut del Mar (INAD), Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, Passeig Marítim, 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davinia Vazquez
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Gonzalez
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Fernandez-San Martín
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Raya-Tena
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Alvarez
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Amado-Rodriguez
- grid.22061.370000 0000 9127 6969Gerència d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), C/Balmes, 22, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Martín- López
- grid.418476.80000 0004 1767 8715Instituto de Neuropsiquiatria y Adicciones del Parc de Salut del Mar (INAD), Consorci Parc de Salut Mar, Passeig Marítim, 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), CIBERESP, C/ Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Lalucat-Jo
- grid.466539.b0000 0004 1777 1290Research Department, Associació Centre Higiene Mental Les Corts, C/ Numància, 103-105, Bajos, 08029 Barcelona, Spain
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Fernandez M, Young A, Milton K, Pinhiero M, de Luca K, Ferreira P, Hebert J. Physical activity promotion in chiropractic: a systematic review of clinician-based surveys. Chiropr Man Therap 2022; 30:55. [PMID: 36514061 PMCID: PMC9749165 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-022-00467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a global health pandemic. Allied healthcare providers, including chiropractors, are well placed to integrate individual physical activity (PA) promotion into routine care. A previous systematic review identified that approximately 90% of chiropractors held a positive opinion towards healthier patient lifestyles; however, the extent to which chiropractors promote PA to their patients within routine care is unclear. This systematic review aimed to describe chiropractors' attitudes towards and current practice in advising, counselling, discussing, supporting, or recommending PA to patients. METHODS Five databases were searched from inception to December 2021 for cross-sectional surveys that explored PA promotion by chiropractors in practice. We assessed the risk of bias of the included studies with the 'Risk of Bias in Cross-Sectional Surveys of Attitudes and Practices' tool. Descriptive data were extracted, grouping similar survey questions and responses into emerging categories. Chiropractors' views regarding the perceived importance and/or their preparedness to counsel and provide PA or exercise information are reported. RESULTS From 661 studies, 15 met the selection criteria. Surveys included 7999 chiropractors primarily from the USA, UK, Australia, and Sweden. All studies were rated as moderate-to-high risk of bias, with methodological weaknesses characterised by inconsistent reporting of missing data, non-representative samples, low response rates (i.e., less than 60%), and unknown validity of survey instruments. Chiropractors frequently recognised the importance of PA promotion, as demonstrated by the proportion of respondents reporting that they: (1) support the importance of providing PA or exercise information and counselling (64% to 100%); (2) are prepared to provide PA or exercise information and/or counselling to patients (91% to 92%,); (3) frequently obtain PA or exercise information from patients (87% to 97%,); 4) frequently discuss PA or exercise and/or provide PA or exercise information to patients (68% to 99%); and 5) frequently provide PA counselling to patients (50% to 81%.). CONCLUSION A large majority of practising chiropractors actively engage with PA promotion. However, the results should be interpreted with caution owing to the moderate-to-high risk of bias of the included studies. Forthcoming research initiatives should explore unbiased surveys, further PA education and training as well as capitalising on chiropractors' own PA participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Fernandez
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Anika Young
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Milton
- grid.8273.e0000 0001 1092 7967Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Marina Pinhiero
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XInstitute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katie de Luca
- grid.1023.00000 0001 2193 0854School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paulo Ferreira
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSydney Musculoskeletal Health, School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jeffrey Hebert
- grid.266820.80000 0004 0402 6152Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
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Fadoul Y, Haddad C, Habib J, Zoghbi M. Pharmaceutical brochures in Lebanon: do they meet WHO recommendations? BMC Prim Care 2022; 23:314. [PMID: 36474170 PMCID: PMC9724251 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug promoting brochures can influence physicians prescription patterns. The validity of the info presented in these brochures is of major importance. World Health Organization (WHO) issued criteria to guarantee validity, equity and ethical presentation of data in medical brochures. This study aims to evaluate the quality and the validity of information presented in the pharmaceutical brochures distributed among family physicians in Lebanon. METHODS Pharmaceutical brochures were randomly collected at the family medicine center in Hôtel Dieu de France hospital in Beirut - Lebanon. These brochures were evaluated in reference to the WHO ethical criteria for medicinal drug promotion and on guidelines for quality assurance of the graphs, references, texts and illustrations. RESULTS Among the 60 brochures collected, only 4 fulfilled all the WHO ethical criteria, and 24 presented less than half the required criteria. Information concerning the drug safety are the least mentioned. Only 11.8% of the presented graphs are based on studies of high methodological level. Half of the brochures presented necessary information to identify studies references which are not always retrievable. Texts present mainly brand names instead of generic names and emphasize on information reflecting the drug efficacy. CONCLUSION The pharmaceutical brochures in this study presented incomplete or invalid information. Prescribing physicians should be aware of the claims found in the brochures distributed by pharmaceutical companies and should be familiar with the principles of the evidence-based medicine to be able to critically appraise the validity of the reference studies and avoid the pitfalls in graphs reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Fadoul
- Family Medicine Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jad Habib
- Family Medicine Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marouan Zoghbi
- Family Medicine Department, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
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Ramirez J, Ro K, Lin Y, Thomas A, De Nysschen M, Smart A, Robinson G. Exploring alternative forms of scholarship for nurse educators' success. J Prof Nurs 2022; 43:68-73. [PMID: 36496247 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teaching-intensive universities require faculty to have increased teaching workloads. Nursing faculty have additional burdens that faculty members in other disciplines and departments do not experience, making it difficult to produce scholarship as it has been traditionally defined in research-intensive universities. Teaching-intensive universities should begin to rethink nursing faculty expectations for meeting their universities' missions of scholarship, especially those required for tenure. PURPOSE This article discusses alternative forms of scholarship and to generate ideas beyond the gold standard of writing peer-reviewed manuscripts and conducting empirical research studies for teaching-intensive universities. It also explores challenges that hinder nursing faculty from scholarly work and offers various scholarship ideas for nursing faculty and nursing administrators to consider for promotion and tenure criteria. RECOMMENDATIONS Nursing administrators and faculty can change the current culture through a reconceptualization of Boyer's scholarship model in which more innovative forms of scholarship are embraced to support nursing faculty in balancing the multiple demands on their time according to their respective institutional needs. The outcome is increased work-life balance and retention of nursing faculty. Deans' support and faculty advocacy for human resources and financial investment in faculty workload boundaries are key factors for future changes in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery Ramirez
- Gonzaga University School of Nursing and Human Physiology, United States of America.
| | - Kumhee Ro
- Seattle University College of Nursing, United States of America.
| | - Yuting Lin
- Seattle University College of Nursing, United States of America.
| | - Annie Thomas
- Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University, Chicago, United States of America.
| | - Monique De Nysschen
- Gonzaga University School of Nursing and Human Physiology, United States of America.
| | - Antiqua Smart
- Loyola University, New Orleans College of Nursing and Health, United States of America.
| | - Gayle Robinson
- Seattle University College of Nursing, United States of America.
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Pointreau Y, Sacier V, Gilard F, Balavoine M, Latorzeff I, Monpetit E. [Clinical research in radiotherapy oncology in private sector: A reality with a possible future?]. Cancer Radiother 2022; 26:818-822. [PMID: 35987810 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Clinical research is one of the activities of medical practice, particularly in oncology including radiotherapy. It was developed in the public sector and then in the liberal sector, in compliance with regulatory institutions, resulting in a doubling of inclusions over the last decade. Setting up and developing clinical research in the liberal sector are major axes in terms of interests: improving the proposition of care, access to innovation, to keep patients, intellectual stimulation, encouraging recruitment, activity of scientific publications, financial valorisation, quality of visibility… An inventory on French national territory via the national union of iadiotherapists oncologists (SNRO) and the club of liberal oncologists (Colib) is reported in this article, as well as examples of structuring and organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pointreau
- Institut interrégionaL de cancérologie (ILC), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; Club des oncologues libéraux (Colib), 72000 Le Mans, France; SNRO, 168 A, rue de Grenelle, 75007 Paris, France; Société de recherche clinique en oncologie et hématologie (Sorecoh), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; WeProm, centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; Oracle, ILC-centre d'oncologie de Gentilly, 2, rue Marie-Marvingt, 54100 Nancy, France.
| | - V Sacier
- Institut interrégionaL de cancérologie (ILC), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; Société de recherche clinique en oncologie et hématologie (Sorecoh), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - F Gilard
- Institut interrégionaL de cancérologie (ILC), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; Société de recherche clinique en oncologie et hématologie (Sorecoh), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; WeProm, centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; Oracle, ILC-centre d'oncologie de Gentilly, 2, rue Marie-Marvingt, 54100 Nancy, France
| | - M Balavoine
- Institut interrégionaL de cancérologie (ILC), centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France; WeProm, centre Jean-Bernard, 9, rue Beauverger, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - I Latorzeff
- SNRO, 168 A, rue de Grenelle, 75007 Paris, France; Service de radiothérapie, groupe Oncorad Garonne, clinique Pasteur, l'« Atrium », 1, rue de la Petite-Vitesse, 31300 Toulouse, France; Centre régional de radiochirurgie stéréotaxique, CHU Rangueil, avenue Jean-Poulhès, 31052 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - E Monpetit
- SNRO, 168 A, rue de Grenelle, 75007 Paris, France; Centre d'oncologie Saint-Yves, 11, rue du Docteur-Joseph-Audic, 56001 Vannes, France
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