1
|
Meza-Valderrama D, Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Messaggi-Sartor M, Muñoz-Redondo E, Morgado-Pérez A, Tejero-Sánchez M, De Jaime-Gil E, Leiva-Banuelos N, Marco E. Supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate after resistance training in post-acute care patients with sarcopenia: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 119:105323. [PMID: 38171034 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding β-hydroxy-β- methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation to a 12-week exercise-based rehabilitation program in older adults with sarcopenia after discharge from a post-acute geriatric rehabilitation unit. STUDY DESIGN A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups. The intervention group received 3 g/day of Ca-HMB and participated in a 12- week resistance training program (3 sessions/week). The control group received a placebo and followed the same training program. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes were the improvements of handgrip strength and physical performance assessed through the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and 4-meter gait speed; and handgrip strength. All variables were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 1-year follow-up. RESULTS After completing the 12-week exercise program, the intervention group showed significant improvements in SPPB-Balance (1.3, 95 %CI 0.3 to 2.4) and total SPPB score (2.2, 95 %CI 0.4 to 4.0). Intra-group analysis demonstrated gains in the SPPB-Chair Stand (0.7 points, 95 %CI 0.0 to 1.4) and total SPPB score (2.1 points, 95 %CI 0.3 to 3.9) in the intervention group. Improvements in handgrip strength were observed in women (3.7 kg, 95 %CI: 0.2 to 7.3) at the end of the intervention, and persisted at the 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the supplementation of 3 g/day of Ca-HMB with resistance exercise may significantly enhance muscle strength and physical performance among older women with sarcopenia after recent hospitalization. Given this study's limitations, the intervention's effectiveness cannot be drawn, and further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delky Meza-Valderrama
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, National Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vía Centenario, 0819 Panamá City, Panamá; Sistema Nacional de Investigación- Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia e Investigación, Clayton Ciudad del Saber Edificio 205, 0819 Panamá City, Panamá.
| | - Dolores Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Geriatrics Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A.Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculoskeletal health and ageing. Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Pl. du Vingt Août 7, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Monique Messaggi-Sartor
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Hospital del Mar - Centre Esperança. Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Muñoz-Redondo
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Hospital del Mar - Centre Esperança. Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea Morgado-Pérez
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Hospital del Mar - Centre Esperança. Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Tejero-Sánchez
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Hospital del Mar - Centre Esperança. Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet De Jaime-Gil
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital del Mar - Centre Fòrum, Carrer de Llull 410, 08019, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nuria Leiva-Banuelos
- Geriatrics Department, Hospital del Mar - Centre Fòrum, Carrer de Llull 410, 08019, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ester Marco
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Hospital del Mar - Centre Esperança. Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr Aiguader Building (Mar Campus), Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen CC, Huang YY, Hua-Zhang, Xia-Liu, Li XQ, Long YQ, Chen ZW, Jin T. Impact of resistance exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:115. [PMID: 38532316 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become an increasingly important public health disease with a high incidence rate and mortality. Although several studies have explored the effectiveness of resistance exercise in improving the prognosis of CKD patients, the number of studies is still limited and the results are still controversial. OBJECTIVES We conducted this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies to evaluate the effectiveness of resistance exercise on CKD patients. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the inception date to October 2023. The meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate 12 main indicators, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR)(ml/(min•1.73m2)), C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L), serum creatinine (mg/dL), hemoglobin (g/dL), Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Type A1C (HBA1c) (%), high Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dL), low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (mg/dL), 6-min walk(m), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), fat-free mass (kg), fat mass (kg), grip strength (kgf). RESULTS Sixteen RCT studies were included in this meta-analysis from 875 records. GFR exhibited no significant change in CKD patients treated with resistance exercise (WMD 1.82; 95%CI -0.59 to 4.23; P = 0.139). However, 6-min walk (WMD 89.93; 95%CI 50.12 to 129.74; P = 0.000), fat-free mass (WMD 6.53; 95%CI 1.14 to 11.93; P = 0.018) and grip strength (WMD 3.97; 95%CI 1.89 to 6.05; P = 0.000) were significantly improved with resistance exercise. The level of CRP (WMD - 2.46; 95%CI -4.21 to -0.72; P = 0.006) and HBA1c (WMD - 0.46; 95%CI -0.63 to -0.29; P = 0.000) dropped significantly after resistance exercise treatment. CONCLUSIONS Resistance exercise can improve physical function, metabolic condition, inflammatory response and cardiopulmonary function in CKD patients, specifically reflected in the increase of indicators fat-free mass, grip strength, 6-min walk, as well as the decrease of indicators HBA1c and CRP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Cheng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Yang Huang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Liu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Qin Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiong Long
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Wen Chen
- West China School Of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Jin
- West China School Of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ho SY, Chung YC, Wu HJ, Ho CC, Chen HT. Effect of high intensity circuit training on muscle mass, muscular strength, and blood parameters in sedentary workers. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17140. [PMID: 38529312 PMCID: PMC10962336 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study aim was to investigate the effect of high intensity circuit training on body composition, muscular performance, and blood parameters in sedentary workers. Methods A total of 36 middle-aged sedentary female workers were randomly divided into high intensity circuit training (HICT) group, aerobic training (AT) group, and control (CON) group. The exercise training groups performed exercise three times per week for 8 weeks. In HICT, each session was 20-35 min with 2-3 rounds. Rounds were 8 min; the interval between rounds was 4-5 min. In AT, each exercise session comprised 20-35 min of aerobic dance training. Physiological parameters were measured 1 week before and after the interventions. The resulting data were analyzed using two-way mixed design ANOVA, the differences in body composition, muscular performance and blood parameters before and after training were compared. Results The muscle mass (pre-test: 21.19 ± 2.47 kg; post-test: 21.69 ± 2.46 kg, p < 0.05) and knee extension 60°/s (pre-test: 82.10 ± 22.26 Nm/kg; post-test: 83.47 ± 12.83 Nm/kg, p < 0.05) of HICT group were significantly improved, with knee extension 60°/s significantly higher than that of the CON group (HICT: 83.47 ± 12.83 Nm/kg; CON: 71.09 ± 26.53 Nm/kg). In the AT group, body weight (BW) decreased significantly (Pre-test: 59.37 ± 8.24 kg; Post-test: 58.94 ± 7.98 kg); no significant change was observed in CON group. The groups exhibited no significant change in blood parameters (hs-CRP, TC, and LDL-C) or IGF-1. Conclusions Sedentary worker's muscle mass and lower-limb muscular performance were effectively improved by performing 8-week HICT with the benefits of short duration, no spatial constraints, and using one's BW, whereas AT caused a significant decrease in BW. However, the AT induced decrease in BW was probably an effect of muscle loss rather than exercise-induced weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yen Ho
- Physical Education Office, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chung
- Center for General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-June Wu
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ting Chen
- Physical Education Office, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sejersen C, Volianitis S, Secher NH. The athlete's heart: allometric considerations on published papers and relation to cardiovascular variables. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05449-8. [PMID: 38466432 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the morphology of the "athlete's heart", left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (WT) and end-diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd) at rest were addressed in publications on skiers, rowers, swimmers, cyclists, runners, weightlifters (n = 927), and untrained controls (n = 173) and related to the acute and maximal cardiovascular response to their respective disciplines. Dimensions of the heart at rest and functional variables established during the various sport disciplines were scaled to body weight for comparison among athletes independent of body mass. The two measures of LV were related (r = 0.8; P = 0.04) across athletic disciplines. With allometric scaling to body weight, LVIDd was similar between weightlifters and controls but 7%-15% larger in the other athletic groups, while WT was 9%-24% enlarged in all athletes. The LVIDd was related to stroke volume, oxygen pulse, maximal oxygen uptake, cardiac output, and blood volume (r = ~ 0.9, P < 0.05), while there was no relationship between WT and these variables (P > 0.05). In conclusion, while cardiac enlargement is, in part, essential for the generation of the cardiac output and thus stroke volume needed for competitive endurance exercise, an enlarged WT seems important for the development of the wall tension required for establishing normal arterial pressure in the enlarged LVIDd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casper Sejersen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet 2043, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- The August Krogh Section for Human Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Stefanos Volianitis
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Niels H Secher
- Department of Anaesthesia, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet 2043, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Berbert-Gomes C, Ramos JS, Silveira-Rodrigues JG, Leite DMM, Melo BP, Soares DD. An acute bout of resistance exercise increases BDNF in hippocampus and restores the long-term memory of insulin-resistant rats. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-024-06795-x. [PMID: 38453752 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle, inadequate diet, and obesity are substantial risk factors for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. A major picture of T2DM is insulin resistance (IR), which causes many impairments in brain physiology, such as increased proinflammatory state and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration, hence reducing cognitive function. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological tool for managing T2DM/IR and its complications. Thus, this study investigated the effects of IR induction and the acute effects of resistance exercise (RE) on memory, neurotrophic, and inflammatory responses in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of insulin-resistant rats. IR was induced by a high-fat diet and fructose-rich beverage. Insulin-resistant rats performed acute resistance exercise (IR.RE; vertical ladder climb at 50-100% of the maximum load) or rest (IR.REST; 20 min). Cognitive parameters were assessed by novel object recognition (NOR) tasks, and biochemical analyses were performed to assess BDNF concentrations and inflammatory profile in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Insulin-resistant rats had 20% worse long-term memory (LTM) (p < 0.01) and lower BDNF concentration in the hippocampus (-14.6%; p < 0.05) when compared to non-insulin-resistant rats (CON). An acute bout of RE restored LTM (-9.7% pre vs. post; p > 0.05) and increased BDNF concentration in the hippocampus (9.1%; p < 0.05) of insulin-resistant rats compared to REST. Thus, an acute bout of RE can attenuate the adverse effects of IR on memory and neurotrophic factors in rats, representing a therapeutic tool to alleviate the IR impact on the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Berbert-Gomes
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil
| | - Júlia S Ramos
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil
| | - João G Silveira-Rodrigues
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil
| | - Daniel M M Leite
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil
| | - Bruno P Melo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil
| | - Danusa D Soares
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais -UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270‑901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang Y, Jiang C, Li X, Liu S, Niu Y, Fu L. Resistance exercise preconditioning prevents disuse muscle atrophy by inhibiting apoptosis and protein degradation via SESN2 in C57BL/6J mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167111. [PMID: 38432454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of different exercise preconditioning in the context of skeletal muscle atrophy and to investigate the potential involvement of Sestrin2 (SESN2), a stress-inducible protein that can be regulated by exercise, in exercise preconditioning on preventing disuse muscle atrophy. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to sedentary groups (SD), aerobic exercise groups (AE), resistance exercise groups (RE), and combined exercise groups (CE) with or without 7 days of immobilization. The duration of the exercise intervention was 10 weeks. The effects of different exercise preconditioning to prevent muscle atrophy were analyzed by evaluating skeletal muscle function and mass. Additionally, to investigate the potential underlying mechanism of exercise-induced protection of skeletal muscle, wild-type and SESN2--/-- mice were randomly divided into sedentary group and resistance exercise preconditioning group. C2C12 cells were treated with SESN2 adenoviruses and MK2206 (an AKT inhibitor) for 48 h to elucidate the underlined mechanism. RESULTS RE was more effective in preserving skeletal muscle function, muscle mass and maintaining skeletal muscle protein homeostasis than AE and CE under immobilized condition. Importantly, exercise performance, muscle mass to body weight ratio, and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers were significantly lower in SESN2-/- mice than wild-type mice after resistance exercise preconditioning. Mechanistically, the absence of SESN2 led to activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and induction of apoptosis. In vitro experiments showed that MK2206 treatment mitigated the regulatory effects of overexpression-SESN2 on protein hydrolysis and apoptosis. CONCLUSION RE was more effective than AE or CE in preventing disuse muscle atrophy. SESN2 mediated the protective effects of resistance exercise preconditioning on skeletal muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chenxin Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiuru Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pereira ADS, Bottari NB, Nauderer JN, Assmann CE, Copetti PM, Reichert KP, Mostardeiro VB, da Silveira MV, Morsch VMM, Schetinger MRC. Purinergic signaling influences the neuroinflammatory outcomes of a testosterone-derived synthetic in female rats: Resistance training protective effects on brain health. Steroids 2024; 203:109352. [PMID: 38128896 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is recognized as a non-pharmacological approach to treat and protect against several neuroinflammatory conditions and thus to prevent brain disorders. However, the interest in ergogenic resources by athletes and bodybuilding practitioners is widespread and on the rise. These substances shorten the process of performance gain and improve aesthetics, having led to the prominent use and abuse of hormones in the past years. Recent evidence has shown that the purinergic system, composed of adenine nucleotides, nucleosides, enzymes, and receptors, participates in a wide range of processes within the brain, such as neuroinflammation, neuromodulation, and cellular communication. Here, we investigated the effects of the anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) testosterone (TES) at a dose of 70 mg/kg/week in female rats and the neuroprotective effect of resistance exercise related to the purinergic system and oxidative stress parameters. Our findings showed a decrease in ATP and ADO hydrolysis in treated and trained animals. Furthermore, there was an increase in the density of purinoceptors (P2X7 and A2A) and inflammatory markers (IBA-1, NRLP3, CASP-1, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the cerebral cortex of animals that received AAS. On the other hand, exercise reversed neuroinflammatory parameters such as IBA-1, NLRP3, CASP-1, and IL-1β and improved antioxidant response and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine levels. Overall, this study shows that the use of TES without indication or prescription disrupts brain homeostasis, as demonstrated by the increase in neuroinflammation, and that the practice of exercise can protect brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Silva Pereira
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathieli Bianchin Bottari
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jelson Norberto Nauderer
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marquezan Copetti
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Paula Reichert
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcylene Vieira da Silveira
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen S, Zhang C. Effects of ischaemic post-conditioning on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Biol Sport 2024; 41:27-35. [PMID: 38524812 PMCID: PMC10955728 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.129483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is a common phenomenon resulting from high-intensity exercise that impairs subsequent performance. Ischaemic post-conditioning (IPOC) is a simple intervention that has been shown to reduce muscle damage after prolonged ischaemia, a condition mechanistically similar to EIMD. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IPOC could alleviate muscle damage after eccentric exercise. Thirty-two young male participants were randomized into either a sham (n = 16) or an IPOC (n = 16) intervention group. Biceps brachii muscle damage was induced by eccentric exercise, with IPOC or sham intervention applied on the dominant arm following exercise (3 cycles of 30 s ischaemia). Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain, arm circumference, muscle thickness, echo-intensity, and microvascular function (using near-infrared spectroscopy) were measured bilaterally at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours after eccentric exercise. Biceps curl one repetition maximum (1RM) was also measured. 1RM was higher for the IPOC group at 48 and 72 hours (both p < 0.05). On the dominant arm, VAS pain was lower at 72 hours for the IPOC group (p = 0.039). Muscle thickness was lower at all post-exercise time points for the IPOC group (all p < 0.05). VAS pain, echo-intensity, and arm circumference were elevated on the non-dominant arm in the sham group at 72 hours (all p < 0.05). These parameters all returned to the baseline level for the IPOC group at 72 hours (all p > 0.05IPOC could attenuate the decrease in strength, and alleviate EIMD with both local and remote effects after high-intensity exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Whaikid P, Piaseu N. The Effectiveness of Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Exercise Program Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health 2024:e2024030. [PMID: 38374703 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2024030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives ImprovingThe combination of protein supplementation and resistance exercise shows promise for improving and maintaining muscle mass, strength, and performance through protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise is promising in older adults with sarcopenia. The objective of the presentThis systematic review isaimed to examineevaluate the effects of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercisethis combination on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance amongin community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia. Methods ComprehensiveWe conducted a comprehensive search across fourof 4 electronic databases,includes: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Medline library, spanningMEDLINE Library. The search covered literature from January 2013 to January 2023, following and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic ReviewReviews and Meta-AnalysisAnalyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two independent reviewers evaluateassessed the methodological quality and individualof each study using the standard critical appraisal instrumenttool from the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI. The meta). Meta-analysis was performed usingwith the JBI Sumari program. Results A total of The review included 7 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi -experimental study consisting, encompassing a total of 854 older adultsparticipants aged 60 years and above were included in this review. The duration of the studies. The study durations ranged from 10 to 24 weeks. TheAn analysis using aof standardized mean difference (SMD) revealeddifferences (SMDs) showed that protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise significantly increased muscle mass (SMD=0.95 (; 95% CI:, 0.13,-1.78),; p< 0.05),) and muscle strength (SMD=0.32 (; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.08-0.56),; p< 0.05). Conclusion The smallAlthough the limited number of RCTs constrains the strengthrandomized controlled trials restricts the robustness of our Conclusion. Nevertheless, our findings indicate, the evidence suggests that protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise effectively enhancesis effective in enhancing muscle mass and strength amongin community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phatcharaphon Whaikid
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Piaseu
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin WS, Hsu TR. Revisiting the roles of glucose transporters in skeletal muscle physiology: is GLUT10 a novel player? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149494. [PMID: 38219491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest metabolic tissue responsible for systemic glucose handling. Glucose uptake into skeletal tissue is highly dynamic and delicately regulated, in part through the controlled expression and subcellular trafficking of multiple types of glucose transporters. Although the roles of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle metabolism are well established, the physiological significance of other, seemingly redundant, glucose transporters remain incompletely understood. Nonetheless, recent studies have shed light on the roles of several glucose transporters, such as GLUT1 and GLUT10, in skeletal muscle. Mice experiments suggest that GLUT10 could be a novel player in skeletal muscle metabolism in the context of mechanical overload, which is in line with the meta-analytical results of gene expression changes after resistance exercise in humans. Herein we discuss the knowns, unknowns, and implications of these recent findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Rong Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Emery A, Moore S, Crowe J, Murray J, Peacock O, Thompson D, Betts F, Rapps S, Ross L, Rothschild-Rodriguez D, Arana Echarri A, Davies R, Lewis R, Augustine DX, Whiteway A, Afzal Z, Heaney J, Drayson MT, Turner JE, Campbell JP. The effects of short-term, progressive exercise training on disease activity in smouldering multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a single-arm pilot study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:174. [PMID: 38317104 PMCID: PMC10840198 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of physical activity are associated with reduced risk of the blood cancer multiple myeloma (MM). MM is preceded by the asymptomatic stages of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) which are clinically managed by watchful waiting. A case study (N = 1) of a former elite athlete aged 44 years previously indicated that a multi-modal exercise programme reversed SMM disease activity. To build from this prior case study, the present pilot study firstly examined if short-term exercise training was feasible and safe for a group of MGUS and SMM patients, and secondly investigated the effects on MGUS/SMM disease activity. METHODS In this single-arm pilot study, N = 20 participants diagnosed with MGUS or SMM were allocated to receive a 16-week progressive exercise programme. Primary outcome measures were feasibility and safety. Secondary outcomes were pre- to post-exercise training changes to blood biomarkers of MGUS and SMM disease activity- monoclonal (M)-protein and free light chains (FLC)- plus cardiorespiratory and functional fitness, body composition, quality of life, blood immunophenotype, and blood biomarkers of inflammation. RESULTS Fifteen (3 MGUS and 12 SMM) participants completed the exercise programme. Adherence was 91 ± 11%. Compliance was 75 ± 25% overall, with a notable decline in compliance at intensities > 70% V̇O2PEAK. There were no serious adverse events. There were no changes to M-protein (0.0 ± 1.0 g/L, P =.903), involved FLC (+ 1.8 ± 16.8 mg/L, P =.839), or FLC difference (+ 0.2 ± 15.6 mg/L, P =.946) from pre- to post-exercise training. There were pre- to post-exercise training improvements to diastolic blood pressure (- 3 ± 5 mmHg, P =.033), sit-to-stand test performance (+ 5 ± 5 repetitions, P =.002), and energy/fatigue scores (+ 10 ± 15%, P =.026). Other secondary outcomes were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS A 16-week progressive exercise programme was feasible and safe, but did not reverse MGUS/SMM disease activity, contrasting a prior case study showing that five years of exercise training reversed SMM in a 44-year-old former athlete. Longer exercise interventions should be explored in a group of MGUS/SMM patients, with measurements of disease biomarkers, along with rates of disease progression (i.e., MGUS/SMM to MM). REGISTRATION https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65527208 (14/05/2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Emery
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - S Moore
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - J Crowe
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - J Murray
- Department for Haematology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - O Peacock
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - D Thompson
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - F Betts
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - S Rapps
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - L Ross
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | | | | | - R Davies
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - R Lewis
- Department for Physiotherapy, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - D X Augustine
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Department for Cardiology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK
| | - A Whiteway
- Department for Haematology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Z Afzal
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunity and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jlj Heaney
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunity and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M T Drayson
- Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Immunity and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J E Turner
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - J P Campbell
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, WA, Joondalup, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, Ma X, Xie C, Li Y. Resistance exercise interventions for sarcopenia and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16909. [PMID: 38332806 PMCID: PMC10851873 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A previous meta-analysis showed that exercise training improves patients' physical function and health status. However, the efficacy of resistance exercise (RE) in improving patients' physical function and nutritional status is uncertain. Objective To evaluate the effect of RE on sarcopenia and nutritional indicators in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Design A meta-analysis. Methods Randomized controlled trials up to March 28, 2023 were searched from eight databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and CBM. The risk of bias of the literature eligible for inclusion was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. When a high heterogeneity was detected, a random-effects model was used. Egger's tests were used to assess publication bias. This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The reliability of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method, and a meta-analysis of the collected data was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 software. Results Nine studies that met the criteria were identified, and 541 patients were included in these research. Subjects The results of this review showed that RE improved patients' grip strength levels (mean difference (MD) = 4.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.14-5.64]; P < 0.00001), 6 min walking distance (MD = 40.71, 95% CI [8.92-72.49]; P = 0.01), muscle mass (MD = 4.50, 95% CI [2.01-6.99]; P = 0.0004), and serum albumin level (MD = 3.16, 95% CI [1.13-5.19]; P = 0.002) compared with the controls. However, the improvement caused by RE on hemoglobin (MD = 1.69, 95% CI [-1.49 to 4.87], P = 0.30) and cholesterol (MD = 2.33, 95% CI [-5.00 to 9.65], P = 0.53) levels was not statistically significant. Conclusion RE showed a significant effect on muscle function and strength of MHD patients. This meta-analysis provides new ideas on the efficacy of RE in muscle function and strength of MHD patients. The use of consistent RE patterns and nutritional interventions should be considered in future studies for further assessment of its effects. In the future, more high-quality studies will be required to verify these results. Implications for practice This meta-analysis identified the effect of RE on muscle strength, muscle function, and walking ability of HD patients, and provided a basis for clinical formulation of the optimal timing of intervention and the optimal frequency, intensity, modality, and content of intervention. Patient or public contribution No patient or public contribution because it does not apply to my work. This review has been registered at the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (INPLASY) (registration number: INPLASY202340078).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolan Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Freer CL, George ES, Tan SY, Abbott G, Daly RM. Delivery of a telehealth supported home exercise program with dietary advice to increase plant-based protein intake in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a 12-week randomised controlled feasibility trial. Br J Nutr 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38268105 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a telehealth delivered exercise plus plant-based protein diet in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This was a 12-week, randomised controlled feasibility trial including twenty-eight adults aged > 45 years with NAFLD randomised to a home muscle strengthening program (3 d/week) with increased protein intake (target ∼1·2-1·5 g/kg/d) from predominately plant-based sources and behavioural change support (3-4 text messages/week) (Pro-Ex n 14) or usual care (UC, n 14). Feasibility was assessed via retention (≤ 10 % attrition), adherence (exercise ≥ 66 %; recommended daily protein serves ≥ 80 %) and safety (adverse events). Secondary outcomes included macronutrient intake (3 × 24-h records), weight, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 30 s sit-to-stand (STS) performance. Study retention was 89 %. Mean exercise adherence (Pro-Ex) was 52 % with one adverse event from 241 sessions. In Pro-Ex, mean daily plant protein serves increased (0·9 to 1·4/d) and animal protein decreased (1·5 to 1·2/d) after 12-weeks, but overall adherence (serves/day) was 32[RD1] % (plant) and 42 % (animal). Relative to UC, Pro-Ex experienced a mean 2·7 (95 % CI: 0·9, 4·4) increase in 30 s STS number, 46-minute (95 % CI: -153, 245) increase in MVPA, 1·7 kg (95 % CI: -3·5, 0·2) decrease in weight, 35·2 g (95 % CI: 11·0, 59·3) increase in protein. In adults with NAFLD a telehealth home exercise and dietary intervention was safe and improved habitual plant and animal protein intake, but overall adherence was modest suggesting more intensive healthcare support may be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Freer
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Elena S George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee BC, Kim KI, Cho KH, Moon CW. Effects of resistance training and nutritional support on osteosarcopenia in older, community-dwelling postmenopausal Korean females (ERTO-K study): a study protocol. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:68. [PMID: 38229012 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04667-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcopenia is geriatric syndrome defined as the concomitant occurrence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. Osteosarcopenia is a relatively new concept in geriatric medicine; however, it may increase the risk of fragility fractures, several morbidities and mortalities, and socioeconomic costs. Although resistance exercises and nutritional support-including protein, calcium, and vitamin D-are potential non-pharmacological management procedures, evidence is still lacking. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of combined resistance exercise and nutritional support on the quality and quantity of bone and muscle in postmenopausal females with osteosarcopenia. METHODS This research proposal presents the protocol for a prospective, single-center, single-blinded, two-armed randomized controlled trial. Thirty-four participants with osteosarcopenia will be recruited and randomly divided into intervention and control groups; both groups will receive nutritional supplements (protein, 40 g; vitamin D, 1600 IU; calcium, 600 mg) daily. The intervention group will undergo 24 weeks of resistance exercise of increasing intensity, achieved through a three-phase step-up process. The primary outcomes will be the changes in skeletal muscle index and bone marrow density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck between the baseline and end of intervention (24 weeks). The secondary outcomes will be the body composition, whole body phase angle, physical function assessment, quality of life, psychological assessment, and bone turnover markers of participants, surveyed at multiple time points. DISCUSSION This randomized controlled trial may reveal the effect of resistance exercise and nutritional support on older postmenopausal women with osteosarcopenia. The results will provide evidence for developing proper non-pharmacological management guidelines for postmenopausal women. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service of Republic of Korea, KCT0008291, Registered on 16 March 2023, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/25262 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Institute, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kang Hee Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Institute, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Won Moon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Institute, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bavaresco Gambassi B, Dos Santos Júnior CR, Dos Santos AO, Rohrs EB, Novais TMG, Schwingel PA, Zoppi CC. Resistance training maintains physical function but does not prevent changes in body composition and biochemical markers after detraining in aging adults. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 37:146-150. [PMID: 38432797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of 10 weeks of resistance training (RT) and subsequent 4 weeks of detraining on physical function, body composition, and biochemical markers in aging adults. METHODS The study sample was selected by convenience and consisted of 12 women with a mean age of 58 ± 7 years. Physical function [Latin-American Group of Development for Maturity (GDLAM) general index], body composition, total and fractional cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycemia were assessed before and after RT (10 weeks) and detraining (4 weeks). RESULTS After 10 weeks of RT, there were improvements in fat-free mass (39.1 ± 4.2 vs. 39.9 ± 4.4 kg; p < 0.05 and d = 0.2), fat mass (39.9 ± 6.3% vs. 38.7 ± 6.4%; p < 0.05 and d = -0.2), conicity index (1.47 ± 0.07 vs. 1.43 ± 0.06; p = 0.001 and d = -0.6), and physical function (GDLAM index [27.2 ± 5.5 vs. 25.0 ± 4.7; p = 0.001 and d = -0.4]). Significant improvements were also found in total cholesterol (271.8 ± 75.7 vs. 217.2 ± 52.2 mg/dL; p < 0.01 and d = -0.8), LDL-cholesterol (196.5 ± 61.6 vs. 159.3 ± 38.5 mg/dL; p < 0.01 and d = -0.7), HDL-cholesterol (53.1 ± 7.3 vs. 64.3 ± 23.7 mg/dL; p < 0.05 and d = 0.7), and triglycerides (165.8 ± 32.6 vs. 139.9 ± 46.6 mg/dL; p = 0.001 and d = -0.6). After the detraining period, all benefits in physical function were successfully maintained. CONCLUSION RT provided benefits in physical function, body composition, and biochemical markers in aging adults. However, 4-week detraining impaired body composition and biochemical markers in the investigated sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bavaresco Gambassi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício (LAPEX), Faculdade Social da Bahia (FSBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão de Programas e Serviços de Saúde (MGPSS), Universidade Ceuma (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil; Universidade Ceuma (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Bittencourt Rohrs
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício (LAPEX), Faculdade Social da Bahia (FSBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Adriano Schwingel
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício (LAPEX), Faculdade Social da Bahia (FSBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Cláudio César Zoppi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Desempenho Humano (LAPEDH), Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício (LAPEX), Faculdade Social da Bahia (FSBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu X, Zhang B, Tian J, Han Y. Plasma metabolomics reveals the intervention mechanism of different types of exercise on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:1-13. [PMID: 37999885 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of different types of exercise on the plasma metabolomics of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressed rats based on 1H-NMR metabolomics techniques, and to explore the potential mechanisms of exercise for the treatment of depression. Rats were randomly divided into blank control group (C), CUMS control group (D), pre-exercise with CUMS group (P), CUMS with aerobic exercise group, CUMS with resistance exercise group (R), and CUMS with aerobic + resistance exercise group (E). The corresponding protocol intervention was applied to each group of rats. Body weight, sucrose preference and open field tests were performed weekly during the experiment to evaluate the extent of depression in rats. Plasma samples from each group of rats were collected at the end of the experiment, and then the plasma was analyzed by 1H-NMR metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods to identify differential metabolites and perform metabolic pathway analysis. (1) Compared with the group D, the body weight, sucrose preference rate, and the number of crossings and standings in the different types of exercise groups were significantly improved (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). (2) Compared to group C, a total of 15 differential metabolites associated with depression were screened in the plasma of rats in group D, involving 6 metabolic pathways. Group P can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: valine, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine, acetoacetic acid. Group A can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: N-acetylglycoprotein, leucine, lactate, low density lipoprotein, glucose and acetoacetic acid. Group R can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: choline, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine and acetoacetic acid. Group E can regulate the levels of 5 metabolites: choline, citric acid, glucose, acetone and acetoacetic acid. The different types of exercise groups can improve the depressive symptoms in CUMS rats, and there are common metabolites and metabolic pathways for their mechanism of effects. This study provides a powerful analytical tool to study the mechanism of the antidepressant effect of exercise, and provides an important method and basis for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Liu
- School of Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Changji Vocational and Technical College, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junsheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yumei Han
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Moffitt RL. A psychosocial investigation of exercise preferences in real and virtual environments. Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 70:102530. [PMID: 37678040 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Three studies explored exercise preferences in real-world and virtual environments, and their relationship with social physique anxiety (SPA), social comparison, and self-presentational efficacy (SPE). In Study 1 (N = 230), real-world exercise preferences were explored. Study 2 (N = 228) measured preferences for real-world and virtual reality (VR) exercise, and Study 3 (N = 249) investigated preferences for avatar embodiment and virtual companions within VR. Results revealed that participants who preferred home-based exercise had lower exercise behaviour, more negative fitness-related social comparisons, or lower SPE expectancy and outcome value (Study 1). Individuals with lower exercise behaviour, more negative fitness-related social comparisons, lower SPE expectancy, or higher SPA were also more likely to choose VR than real-world exercise (Study 2). In a VR exercise setting, participants with higher SPA and more negative social comparisons also preferred to embody a non-human and fantasy avatar more than a realistic avatar. A heightened threat of negative social comparison when imagining exercise with a physically superior virtual companion resulted in the strongest preference to embody a fantasy avatar (Study 3). The results suggest that individuals who place high importance on self-presentation and have low belief in their capacity to project an image of competence to others, are more likely to prefer exercise contexts that minimise physique- and fitness-related evaluation. Moreover, VR may afford a less psychosocially threatening context for individuals who feel self-conscious or comparatively inferior to others during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L Moffitt
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lea JWD, O'Driscoll JM, Wiles JD. The implementation of a home-based isometric wall squat intervention using ratings of perceived exertion to select and control exercise intensity: a pilot study in normotensive and pre-hypertensive adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:281-293. [PMID: 37458822 PMCID: PMC10786991 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Isometric exercise (IE) and isometric wall squat (IWS) training have been shown to be effective methods of reducing arterial blood pressure. However, most IE interventions require methodologies and equipment that could present a barrier to participation. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an accessible RPE prescribed IWS intervention. METHODS Thirty normotensive and pre-hypertensive adults were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two 4-week home-based IWS intervention groups: the first group conducted IWS exercise where intensity was prescribed and monitored using RPE (RPE-EX), whilst the other used a previously validated HR prescription method (HR-EX). Resting and ambulatory heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS Minimum clinically important differences (MCID; - 5 mmHg) in SBP and/or DBP were shown in 100% of intervention participants. Statistically significant reductions were shown in resting seated BP (RPE-EX: SBP: - 9 ± 6, DBP: - 6 ± 4, MAP: - 6 ± 3 mmHg; HR-EX: SBP: - 14 ± 6, DBP: - 6 ± 4, MAP: - 8 ± 4 mmHg), supine BP (RPE-EX: SBP: - 8 (- 5), DBP: - 8 (- 7), MAP: - 8 (- 4) mmHg; HR-EX: SBP: - 5 (- 4), MAP - 5 (- 4) mmHg), and ambulatory SBP (RPE-EX: - 8 ± 6 mmHg; HR-EX: - 10 ± 4 mmHg) following the interventions. There were no statistically significant differences between intervention groups in the magnitude of BP reduction. CONCLUSION RPE prescribed IWS exercise can provide an effective and more accessible method for reducing BP at home, providing reductions comparable to the current HR-based prescription method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W D Lea
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Jamie M O'Driscoll
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Jonathan D Wiles
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, Kent, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nuzzo JL, Nosaka K. Eccentric Muscle Actions Add Complexity to an Already Inconsistent Resistance Exercise Nomenclature. Sports Med Open 2023; 9:118. [PMID: 38112984 PMCID: PMC10730477 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
An eccentric muscle action (or contraction) is defined as active muscle lengthening against resistance, which occurs when the force generated by the muscle is smaller than the resistance placed upon it. Eccentric resistance exercise, which involves multiple sessions of repeated eccentric muscle actions, improves muscle strength and other health outcomes. In response to this evidence, new exercise technologies have been developed to permit feasible completion of eccentric muscle actions outside of the laboratory. Consequently, participation in eccentric resistance exercise is projected to increase in the future, and communications about eccentric resistance exercise are likely to reach a wide audience, including students in the classroom, athletes in the weightroom, patients who receive telehealth services, and journalists who report on study findings. Previous research has documented inconsistencies in how resistance exercises are named, but the role of eccentric resistance exercises has not been considered. Here, we explain how eccentric resistance exercises add further complexity to an already inconsistent resistance exercise nomenclature. Specifically, action words in exercise names typically describe the movement that occurs in the concentric phase (e.g., "press", "raise", "curl", "pull", "row"). This naming bias likely stems from the fact that traditional resistance exercise equipment, such as free weights and weight stack machines, does not typically accommodate for greater eccentric than concentric strength and thus emphasizes the concentric over eccentric phase. This naming bias is likely to hinder communications about eccentric resistance exercise. Thus, we encourage researchers and practitioners to discuss ways in which resistance exercises can be named more clearly and consistently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James L Nuzzo
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhuang M, Shi J, Liu J, He X, Chen N. Comparing the efficacy of low-load resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction versus conventional-load resistance exercise in Chinese community-dwelling older people with sarcopenic obesity: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:874. [PMID: 38114934 PMCID: PMC10731711 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterised by decreased muscle mass, diminished muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance and a high percentage of body fat (PBF). Conventional-load resistance exercise (CRE) may be difficult for older people with SO owing to their declining physical functions. Low-load resistance exercise (LRE) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR; LRE-BFR) is a viable alternative to CRE for improving muscle mass and strength and potential exercise mode for managing SO. This study has two objectives: (1) to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of CRE and LRE-BFR in improving body composition, muscle strength, physical performance, haematological parameters, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and quality of life and (2) to compare the efficacy of CRE and LRE-BFR and explore their potential mechanisms. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This work is a 12-week assessor-blinded randomised clinical trial that will be conducted thrice a week. Sarcopenia will be defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019, and obesity will be determined using the criteria developed by the World Health Organization. Community-dwelling older people aged ≥ 65 years will be screened as the participants using inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 33 participants will be randomised into a CRE group (n = 11), an LRE-BFR group (n = 11) and a control group that will be given only health education (n = 11). The primary outcomes will be knee extensor strength and PBF, and the secondary outcomes will be body composition, anthropometric measurements, muscle strength of upper limbs, physical performance, haematological parameters, CVD risk factors and quality of life. The outcomes will be measured at the baseline (week 0), end of the intervention (week 12) and follow up (week 24). All the collected data will be analysed following the intention-to-treat principle. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Ethics Research Committee has approved this study (approval No. CMEC-2022-KT-51). Changes or developments in this study will be reported at www.chictr.org.cn . TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2300067296 (3 January 2023).
Collapse
Grants
- 82102651 Mechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia
- 82102651 Mechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia
- 82102651 Mechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia
- 82102651 Mechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia
- 82102651 Mechanism of the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Cell AMPK Pathway by Intestinal P.merdae in the Progression of Sarcopenia
- 2020YJZX0137 a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, "Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model"
- 2020YJZX0137 a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, "Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model"
- 2020YJZX0137 a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, "Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model"
- 2020YJZX0137 a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, "Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model"
- 2020YJZX0137 a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, "Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model"
- a special health research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission on the Health of Ageing, Woman and Children, “Exploration on the Screening and Rehabilitation Intervention Model for Sarcopenia among Community-dwelling Older people in Chongming District under the Medical Union Model”
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhuang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinli Shi
- Community Health Service Center of Chengqiao Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Community Health Service Center of Gangxi Town, Chongming District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangfeng He
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pleguezuelos E, Sánchez-Nuño S, Del Carmen A, Serra-Payá N, Moreno E, Molina-Raya L, Robleda G, Benet M, Santos-Ruiz S, Garrido AB, Jerez-Molina C, Miravitlles M, Serra-Prat M, Viñals X, Farrés MG, Carbonell T, Garnacho-Castaño MV. Effect of different types of supervised exercise programs on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, pain, fatigue, mental health and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae "EJerSA-COVID-19": a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:865. [PMID: 38102536 PMCID: PMC10724883 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with COVID-19 present the so-called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 such as fatigue, post-stress discomfort, dyspnea, headache, pain mental impairment, incapacity to perform daily physical tasks ant exercise intolerance. This study aims to investigate the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. METHODS The sample will be made up of 120 eligible participants, over the age of 60 years who have had COVID-19 disease and are survivors and present persistent COVID-19 symptomatology diagnosed by the corresponding physician. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental groups: supervised endurance group (SEG, n = 30), supervised strength group (SSG, n = 30), supervised concurrent group (SCG, n = 30), which will perform the corresponding exercise program 3 days a week compared to the control group (CG, n = 30), which will not carry out a supervised exercise program. The design of this project will include measurements of four relevant dimensions; 1) Cardiorespiratory fitness; 2) Muscle fitness; 3) Pain and mental health; and 4) Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will provide insights into the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. These findings may be the basis for the formulation of health plans and rehabilitation programs that allow healthy aging and a reduction in the associated morbidity in patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05848518. Registered on May 8, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eulogio Pleguezuelos
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y Sanitarias. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Sánchez-Nuño
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amin Del Carmen
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Serra-Payá
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Moreno
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital General de Hospitalet, L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Molina-Raya
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Robleda
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Benet
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Santos-Ruiz
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainoa Biurrun Garrido
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Jerez-Molina
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitari Vall d'HebronVall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Campus Hospital Barcelona, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mateu Serra-Prat
- Unidad de InvestigaciónConsorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Viñals
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Girabent Farrés
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel V Garnacho-Castaño
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Feng L, Li B, Cai M, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Yong SS, Tian Z. Resistance exercise alleviates the prefrontal lobe injury and dysfunction by activating SESN2/AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with myocardial infarction. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114559. [PMID: 37788754 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Myocardial infarction (MI) induces inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the brain, which would be one of the causes of cardiac dysfunction. Exercise training is viewed as a feasible strategy to improve cardiac function of the infarcted heart. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exercise training could alleviate MI-induced prefrontal lobe injury via activating Sestrin2 (SESN2) signaling and inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control group (CON), aerobic exercise group (AE), resistance exercise group (RE), whole-body vibration group (WBV) and electrical stimulation group (ES); and three groups: sham-operated group (S), sedentary MI group (MI) and MI with resistance exercise group (MRE). After four weeks of training, sensorimotor function, spatial learning, long-term and spatial memory, and cardiac function were detected. Then, mice were euthanized, and the prefrontal areas were separated for HE, Nissl, SESN2, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), neuron-specific nucleoprotein (NeuN), and TUNEL staining. Activation of SESN2/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway and expression of proteins related to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the prefrontal lobe were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Different types of exercise training all activated the SESN2/AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway, and the effect of RE is the best. RE improved sensorimotor, learning, and memory impairments, increased the expressions of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic proteins, reduced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, ultimately alleviated the prefrontal lobe injury and dysfunction in mice with MI. CONCLUSION RE alleviates MI-indued prefrontal lobe injury and dysfunction by inhibiting the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, partially via activating SESN2/AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Feng
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Mengxin Cai
- Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zezhou Zhang
- Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yifang Zhao
- Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Su Sean Yong
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen Y, Lin W, Fu L, Liu H, Jin S, Ye X, Pu S, Xue Y. Muscle quality index and cardiovascular disease among US population-findings from NHANES 2011-2014. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2388. [PMID: 38041010 PMCID: PMC10691039 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, current evidence on the association between muscle quality and CVD is limited. This study investigates the potential association between the muscle quality index (MQI) and the prevalence of CVD and CVD-related mortality. METHODS Participants were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Data on mortality and causes of death were obtained from the National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. Statistical analysis used in this study, including weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression, cox regression and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, to estimate the association between MQI and all-cause mortality as well as CVD mortality. In addition, subgroup analysis was used to estimate the association between MQI and CVD subtypes, such as heart attack, coronary heart disease, angina, congestive heart failure, and stroke. RESULTS A total of 5,053 participants were included in the final analysis. Weighted multivariable linear regression models revealed that a lower MQI.total level was independently associated with an increased risk of CVD development in model 3, with t value =-3.48, 95%CI: (-0.24, -0.06), P = 0.002. During 5,053 person-years of 6.92 years of follow-up, there were 29 deaths from CVD. Still, the association between MQI.total and CVD mortality, as well as all-cause mortality did not reach statistical significance in the fully adjusted model (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.21-1.62, P = 0.30; HR = 0.91, 95% CI:0.65,1.28, P = 0.59, respectively). Subgroup analysis confirmed that MQI.total was negatively associated with congestive heart failure (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18,0.68, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential of MQI as a measure of muscle quality, its negative correlation with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, MQI was not very useful for predicting the health outcomes such as CVD and mortality. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the early recognition of muscle weakness progression in CHF. Further studies are needed to explore more effective indicator to evaluate the association between muscle quality and health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Chen
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weidong Lin
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huiyi Liu
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuyu Jin
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xingdong Ye
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sijia Pu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yumei Xue
- Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hurst C, Dismore L, Granic A, Tullo E, Noble JM, Hillman SJ, Witham MD, Sayer AA, Dodds RM, Robinson SM. Attitudes and barriers to resistance exercise training for older adults living with multiple long-term conditions, frailty, and a recent deterioration in health: qualitative findings from the Lifestyle in Later Life - Older People's Medicine (LiLL-OPM) study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:772. [PMID: 38001414 PMCID: PMC10675908 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many older adults live with the combination of multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) and frailty and are at increased risk of a deterioration in health requiring interaction with healthcare services. Low skeletal muscle strength is observed in individuals living with MLTC and is central to physical frailty. Resistance exercise (RE) is the best available treatment for improving muscle strength, but little is known about the attitudes and barriers to RE in this group of older adults. This study therefore aimed to explore the knowledge of and attitudes towards RE, as well as the barriers and enabling factors, in older adults living with MLTC, frailty and a recent deterioration in health. METHODS Fourteen participants aged 69-92 years (10 women) from the Lifestyle in Later Life - Older People's Medicine (LiLL-OPM) study were recruited from an Older People's Medicine Day Unit in Newcastle, UK. Participants were invited to take part in a semi-structured interview exploring their knowledge and attitudes as well as barriers and enabling factors to RE. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The analysis generated three themes (1) a lack of awareness and understanding of RE, (2) a self-perceived inability to perform RE; physical and psychological barriers and (3) willingness to perform RE under expert guidance. There was a general lack of awareness and understanding of RE, with most participants having never heard of the term and being unaware of its potential benefits. When RE was described, participants stated that they would be willing to try RE, but it was apparent that an individualised approach underpinned by expert guidance would be required to support engagement. CONCLUSIONS Older adults living with MLTC, frailty and a recent deterioration in health lack awareness and understanding of RE. Despite a range of barriers, this group appear willing to engage in RE if they are appropriately supported. There is a need to co-design and deliver effective strategies, including education, to raise awareness and understanding of RE, as well as promote engagement in RE, in this group of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hurst
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Lorelle Dismore
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields, Tyne & Wear, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ellen Tullo
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields, Tyne & Wear, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jane M Noble
- Department of Older People's Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Susan J Hillman
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Miles D Witham
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Older People's Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Avan A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Older People's Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard M Dodds
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Older People's Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust and Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang Y, Yang X, Huang Y, Liu S, Niu Y, Fu L. Resistance exercise alleviates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy via Sestrin2/MSTN pathway in C57BL/6J mice. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113779. [PMID: 37709247 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM It has long been recognized that resistance exercise can substantially increase skeletal muscle mass and strength, but whether it can protect against glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and its potential mechanism is yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of resistance exercise in dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and elucidate the possible function of exercise-induced protein Sestrin2 in this process. METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice carried out the incremental mouse ladder exercise for 11 weeks. Two weeks before the end of the intervention, mice were daily intraperitoneally injected with dexamethasone. Body composition, muscle mass, and exercise performance were examined to evaluate muscle atrophy. In vitro, C2C12 cells were used for RT-qPCR, Western Blot, and immunofluorescence experiments to elucidate the potential mechanism. RESULTS Our results showed that long-term resistance exercise is an effective intervention for dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. We also found that Sestrin2 plays a vital role in dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. In both animal (P = .0006) and cell models (P = .0266), dexamethasone intervention significantly reduced the protein expression of Sestrin2, which was increased (P = .0112) by resistance exercise. Inversely, overexpression of Sestrin2 improved (P < .0001) dexamethasone-induced myotube cell atrophy by reducing the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway via inhibiting Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3a) and myostatin (MSTN)/small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicated that Sestrin2 may serve as an effective molecule that mimics the protective effect of resistance exercise on dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xuege Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yating Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Avancini A, Borsati A, Trestini I, Tregnago D, Belluomini L, Sposito M, Rota M, Insolda J, Schena F, Milella M, Pilotto S. Exploring the feasibility of a combined exercise program for patients with advanced lung or pancreatic cancer. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2023; 10:100298. [PMID: 38197044 PMCID: PMC10772206 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2023.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess the safety, feasibility, and potential benefits of a combined aerobic and resistance exercise intervention for patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic or lung cancer. Methods A prospective, single-arm study was conducted, enrolling patients with advanced lung or pancreatic cancer. Participants engaged in a 12-week exercise intervention comprising personalized bi-weekly aerobic and resistance training tailored to individual baseline conditions. The primary study outcomes focused on safety (absence of serious adverse events) and feasibility. Secondary outcomes included assessments of functional capacity using the "Six minutes walking test", strength measured through handgrip and leg press tests, anthropometric measures including body mass index and waist-hip ratio, quality of life (QoL), and changes in blood parameters. Results The study involved twelve patients (mean age 57.66 ± 7.40 years), with seven having pancreatic cancer and five having lung cancer. The recruitment rate was 50%, and assessment adherence was 100%, with an 84% adherence to the exercise program and no dropouts. No exercise-related adverse events were recorded, while three non-severe, non-exercise-related adverse events were observed: treatment-related dermatitis (Grade 2), axillary lymphadenopathy (Grade 2), and migraine (Grade 1). Significant enhancements in functional capacity, emotional well-being, and social functioning within the QoL domains were observed. Anthropometric measures, specifically waist-hip ratio and body mass index, remained stable. Conclusions The findings suggest that a tailored 12-week exercise intervention is both feasible and safe for patients with advanced lung or pancreatic cancer. This intervention appears to enhance functional capacity, specific aspects of QoL, and contribute to maintaining body weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Avancini
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Anita Borsati
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Trestini
- Dietetics Service, Medical Direction, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniela Tregnago
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Belluomini
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Sposito
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Rota
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Jessica Insolda
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Imai T, Watanabe K. Effects of acute resistance exercise on exhaled nitric oxide levels in non-asthmatic male. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 317:104143. [PMID: 37625676 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Fractional nitric oxide (FeNO) is an index of eosinophilic airway inflammation. However, the effect of acute resistance exercise on FeNO is not completely known, in non-asthmatics. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of acute resistance exercise on FeNO levels in non-asthmatics. Ten participants completed both exercise and control sessions. The resistance exercise routine consisted of three sets of 10 repetitions, each at 75 % of the one-repetition maximum, including vertical chest press, lateral pull-down, leg press, leg extension, and abdominal exercises. Additionally, FeNO levels and respiratory impedance were measured, and blood samples were collected from each participant at baseline, immediately after exercise (post), and 30 min after exercise (post 30). At baseline, post, and post 30, the FeNO levels did not significantly differ between the exercise and control sessions (17.1 ± 4.7 vs. 18.5 ± 3.8 vs. 16.9 ± 3.8 ppb, respectively) and exercise sessions (16.6 ± 3.4 vs. 19.3 ± 7.6 vs. 18.3 ± 5.6 ppb, respectively). Therefore, acute resistance exercise lasting approximately 30 min did not exert an impact on FeNO levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Imai
- Center for Genera Education Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa-Cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan.
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee DC, Lee IM. Optimum Dose of Resistance Exercise for Cardiovascular Health and Longevity: Is More Better? Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1573-1580. [PMID: 37837559 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although there is extensive research on how much aerobic exercise to prescribe in order to reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality, there is limited research on how much resistance exercise to prescribe. This review is to help fill important gaps in knowledge on effective minimum dose, beneficial optimum dose, and safe maximum dose of resistance exercise for CVD prevention and longevity. RECENT FINDINGS In contrast to aerobic exercise where "some is good, more is better," recent observational studies suggested a J-shaped relation where more time in resistance exercise was associated with lower CVD risk and mortality only up to 40-60 min/week, beyond which risk reductions attenuated or even disappeared. While it remains unclear, postulated mechanisms that may underlie the higher CVD risk and mortality with higher resistance exercise doses include increased arterial stiffness and chronic inflammation. Current observational data suggest that "more may not be better" for dose-response relations of resistance exercise with CVD and mortality; however, this requires confirmation, especially from randomized controlled trials that directly test and compare multiple doses of resistance exercise. Until these data exist, it is prudent to recommend small doses of resistance exercise for cardiovascular health and longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, 103B Forker Building, 534 Wallace Road, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - I-Min Lee
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 900 Commonwealth Avenue East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fujii T, Kitaguchi M, Okamura K. Effect of the Energy Intake on the Iron Status of Resistance Exercises Performed in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5272-5277. [PMID: 36786965 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
In many cases, athletes compensate for nutrient deficiencies due to a reduced dietary intake by taking supplements or other means. However, in what ways nutrients are utilized by the body when it is deficient in energy and yet receives adequate amounts of the required nutrients are unclear. We therefore examined the effect of the balance between available energy and iron intake on the iron nutritional status of athletes. The experiment was conducted in two parts. Four-week-old male rats were divided into two groups based on energy and iron sufficiency: Experiment 1 was energy-sufficient and iron-sufficient (ES-FeS) and energy-sufficient and iron-deficient (ES-FeD). Experiment 2 was energy-deficient and iron-sufficient (ED-FeS) and energy-deficient and iron-deficient (ED-FeD) groups. All rats were made to perform climbing exercises 3 days a week at 5 P.M. The results showed that a significantly higher hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma iron concentration, and TfS were found in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, TIBC was significantly lower in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, and TfS was significantly higher in the iron-sufficient group than in the iron-deficient group, irrespective of energy intake. It was suggested that restricting both iron and energy intake may significantly decrease the amount of iron in the liver and accelerate the metabolic turnover of red blood cells, while restricting iron intake but providing adequate energy intake suggested that resistance exercise-induced tissue iron repartitioning was not altered by iron sufficiency or deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Fujii
- Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health and Nutrition, Osaka-Aoyama University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Kitaguchi
- Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Okamura
- Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tarar BI, Knox A, Dean CA, Brown EC. Resistance training responses across race and ethnicity: a narrative review. Ethn Health 2023; 28:1221-1237. [PMID: 37183720 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2023.2212147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the physiological mechanisms are not fully understood, race/ethnicity differences vary across cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Resistance training (RT) is an effective therapy for improving these risk factors in addition to body composition and physical performance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of RT over time on different racial and ethnic populations across cardiometabolic, body composition, and physical performance outcomes. DESIGN Electronic databases Scopus and PubMed were searched for studies that compared different racial/ethnic responses to RT across cardiometabolic, body composition, and physical performance parameters. Inclusion criteria for the studies were as follows: (1) published in the English language; (2) compared races or ethnicities across cardiometabolic risk factors, body composition, or physical performance variables following a RT intervention; (3) included adults 18 years or older, and (4) included an isolated RT intervention group. RESULTS Nine studies were found that met the inclusion criteria. The identified studies involved cohorts of White American (WA), South Asian, European Chilean, Mapuche Chilean, White Scottish, and African American (AA) males and females. Race/ethnicity differences following a RT intervention were found for fat-free mass preservation and changes in blood pressure, endothelial function, brachial artery stiffness, cardiac autonomic function, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, insulin sensitivity, body mass index, waist circumference, % body fat, and muscular strength. With the exception of changes in systolic blood pressure and brachial artery stiffness, AAs consistently showed more beneficial adaptations compared to WAs to RT across studies. CONCLUSION Race and ethnicity play a role in how adults adapt to chronic RT. These data may aid in better understanding the social, biological, and environmental factors that likely influenced these racial/ethnic differences in response to RT, assist in creating tailored exercise prescriptions for various racial/ethnic populations, and inform policies for determining resource allocations to address health inequities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ihsan Tarar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Allan Knox
- Department of Exercise Science, College of Arts and Sciences, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Caress Alithia Dean
- Department of Public and Environmental Wellness, School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Elise Catherine Brown
- Department of Public and Environmental Wellness, School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Akgümüş A, Kurtoğlu A, Aydın E, Balun A, Çar B, Eken Ö, Aldhahi MI. The insufficiency of recreational exercises in improving cardiovascular fitness: an investigation of ventricular systolic and diastolic parameters and left atrial mechanical functions. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:486. [PMID: 37794316 PMCID: PMC10552377 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to compare the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic parameters and left atrial (LA) mechanical functions of individuals engaging in recreational sports and resistance exercises on a weekly basis. METHODS A total of 43 male amateur athletes were included in this study, of which 24 performed resistance exercises (REs) (29.70 ± 8.74 year, weight: 81.70 ± 12.64 kg, height: 176.05 ± 7.73 cm, BMI: 27.64 ± 4.97 kg/m2), and 19 participated in recreational football training and were included in the recreational sports group (31.73 ± 6.82 year, weight: 86.00 ± 18.52 kg, height: 178.62 ± 4.95 cm, BMI: 25.55 ± 3.42 kg/m2). The exercises were standardized according to the weekly exercise frequency and volume. After recording the participants' demographic information, the LV systolic and diastolic parameters and LA mechanical functions were measured using echocardiography (ECHO) and Tissue Doppler Imaging. RESULTS Significant differences were observed in various cardiac parameters between the recreational sports group (REG) and resistance exercise Group (RSG). Specifically, the left ventricular (LV) diastolic diameter, LV end diastolic volume index (LVEDVi), and stroke volume index were notably higher in the REG compared to the RSG (t = 2.804, p = .010, effect size (ES) = 2.10; t = 3.174, p = .003, ES = 0.98; t = 3.36, p = .002, ES = 1.02, respectively). Notably, the RSG exhibited higher values for LV mass index (LVMi) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) than the REG (t = 2.843, p = .007, ES = 0.87; t = 2.517, p = .016, ES = 0.76) in terms of LV systolic and diastolic parameters. Regarding left atrial (LA) mechanics, the REG demonstrated increased LA total emptying volume index, LA maximum volume index, LA volume before systole measured at the onset of the p-wave index, and conduit volume index compared to RSG (t = 2.419, p = .020, ES = 0.75; t = 2.669, p = .011, ES = 0.81; t = 2.111, p = .041, ES = 0.64; t = 2.757, p = .009, ES = 0.84, respectively). CONCLUSION Our study revealed significant variations in LV and LA functions between REG and RSG. Our data suggest that REs led to substantial cardiac remodeling, altering myocardial structure and function. In contrast, the effect of recreational exercise on cardiac adaptation was less pronounced than that of resistance exercise. Consequently, we propose that individuals engaging in recreational exercise should consider modalities that impose higher cardiovascular demand for more effective cardiac conditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alkame Akgümüş
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, 10200 Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kurtoğlu
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, 10200 Turkey
| | - Engin Aydın
- Department of Pediadrics, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, 10200 Turkey
| | - Ahmet Balun
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, 10200 Turkey
| | - Bekir Çar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, 10200 Turkey
| | - Özgür Eken
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Monira I. Aldhahi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Law CYJ, Yu THJ, Chen T. Effectiveness of aerobic and resistance exercise in cancer survivors with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res 2023; 173:111470. [PMID: 37643561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AE and RE have been found to be effective for depressive symptoms. However, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the effectiveness of exercises for cancer survivors with depressive symptoms is lacking. We aimed to synthesize studies assessing AE and RE's efficacy and examine their effects on depressive symptoms among cancer survivors using meta-analyses. METHODS This review was registered on the PROSPERO website with ID CRD42023389760. A systematic literature search was conducted in the four databases. Data were synthesized using a random-effect model to analyze the impact of AE and RE on depressive symptoms at posttreatment and in medium-term follow-up relative to the control group. Subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate which factors are relevant to greater or lesser effects of treating depressive symptoms among cancer survivors. RESULTS 28 RCTs (2942 participants) were identified. Analyses of the between-group showed that AE and/or RE were effective in alleviating depressive symptoms among cancer survivors in immediate posttreatment (SMD = -0.16; 95% CI = -0.29 to -0.03; p = 0.02) but not in medium-term follow-up (SMD = -0.01; 95% CI = -0.57 to 0.55; p = 0.97). Subgroup analyses suggested that AE and exercise 3 times per week were significant moderators. CONCLUSION AE and RE were feasible in mitigating depressive symptoms in cancer patients. Further studies are needed to examine if exercise is psychologically beneficial for patients with specific types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho Yin Joyce Law
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tsun Hin Jeffrey Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Chinese Medicine Department, Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Trillaud E, Klemmer P, Malin SK, Erdbrügger U. Tracking Biomarker Responses to Exercise in Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2023; 25:299-311. [PMID: 37428393 PMCID: PMC10505098 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Strong evidence is evolving that physical exercise prevents hypertension and reduces blood pressure in patients with pre- and manifest HTN. Yet, identifying and confirming the effectiveness of exercise are challenging. Herein, we discuss conventional and novel biomarkers such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) which may track responses to HTN before and after exercise. RECENT FINDINGS Evolving data shows that improved aerobic fitness and vascular function as well as lowered oxidative stress, inflammation, and gluco-lipid toxicity are leading biomarkers considered to promote HTN, but they explain only about a half of the pathophysiology. Novel biomarkers such as EVs or microRNA are providing additional input to understand the complex mechanisms involved in exercise therapy for HTN patients. Conventional and novel biomarkers are needed to fully understand the integrative "cross-talk" between tissues to regulate vasculature physiology for blood pressure control. These biomarker studies will lead to more specific disease markers and the development of even more personalized therapy in this field. However, more systematic approaches and randomized controlled trials in larger cohorts are needed to assess exercise effectiveness across the day and with different exercise types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Trillaud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Footwear R&D, On AG, Zurich, 8005, Switzerland.
| | - Philip Klemmer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cardoso DF, Leal DV, Martins P, Abade EA, Rocha HC, Ferreira M, Baker LA, Smith AC, Viana JL. Novel Approach to Intradialytic Progressive Resistance Exercise Training. Blood Purif 2023; 52:768-774. [PMID: 37742624 DOI: 10.1159/000531973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity levels are typically undesirably low in chronic kidney disease patients, especially in those undergoing haemodialysis, and particularly on dialysis days. Intradialytic exercise programmes could be a solution to this issue and have been reported to be safe and relatively easily implemented in dialysis clinics. Nevertheless, such implementation has been failing in part due to barriers such as the lack of funding, qualified personnel, equipment, and patient motivation. Intradialytic aerobic exercise has been the most used type of intervention in dialysis clinics. However, resistance exercise may be superior in eliciting potential benefits on indicators of muscle strength and mass. Yet, few intradialytic exercise programmes have focused on this type of intervention, and the ones which have report inconsistent benefits, diverging on prescribed exercise intensity, absent or subjective load progression, equipment availability, or exercise supervision. Commonly, intradialytic resistance exercise interventions use free weights, ankle cuffs, or elastic bands which hinder load progression and exercise intensity monitoring. Here, we introduce a recently developed intradialytic resistance exercise device and propose an accompanying innovative resistance exercise training protocol which aims to improve the quality of resistance exercise interventions within dialysis treatment sessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Filipa Cardoso
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Diogo Vaz Leal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Pedro Martins
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
- NephroCare Portugal SA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Andre Abade
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | | | - Manuel Ferreira
- NephroCare Portugal SA, Lisbon, Portugal
- Nova Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luke Alexander Baker
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alice C Smith
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - João L Viana
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Stratton MT, Siedler MR, Rodriguez C, Harty PS, Boykin JR, Keith DS, Green JJ, White SJ, Tinoco E, DeHaven B, VanDusseldorp TA, Tinsley GM. No Effect of Breakfast Consumption Observed for Afternoon Resistance Training Performance in Habitual Breakfast Consumers and Nonconsumers: A Randomized Crossover Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023:S2212-2672(23)01561-7. [PMID: 37742826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-exercise meal frequency is commonly believed to impact exercise performance, but little is known about its impact on resistance training. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the impact of breakfast consumption on afternoon resistance training performance in habitual breakfast consumers and nonconsumers. DESIGN A randomized, crossover study was conducted in Lubbock, TX between November 2021 and May 2022. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-nine resistance-trained male (n = 20) and female (n = 19) adults (mean ± SD age 23.0 ± 4.7 years) who habitually consumed (≥5 d/wk; n = 19) or did not consume (≥5 d/wk; n = 20) breakfast completed the study. INTERVENTION After the establishment of 1-repetition maximums at the first visit, participants completed 2 additional visits, each of which included 4 sets of barbell back squat, bench press, and deadlift, using 80% of their 1-repetition maximum after either consuming breakfast and lunch or the same food at lunch only. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Repetitions, along with average and peak average concentric velocity and power, were measured for all repetitions throughout each exercise session. Visual analog scales were used to assess feelings of fatigue, energy, focus, hunger, desire to eat, and fullness throughout each exercise session. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS No interactions or main effects involving condition or habitual breakfast consumption were observed for resistance training outcomes, although sex differences were noted. Male participants performed significantly fewer repetitions on sets 2, 3, and 4 (P < .014) for total repetitions, on sets 2 and 4 for barbell back squat (P < .023), and set 4 for deadlift (P = .006), with no observed differences between sexes for bench press repetitions. Male participants displayed reductions in average power across all sets and exercises except deadlift. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that alterations in pre-exercise meal frequency may not influence afternoon resistance training performance provided similar total nutritional intake is consumed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Stratton
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas; Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Madelin R Siedler
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Christian Rodriguez
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Patrick S Harty
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas; Department of Kinesiology, College of Science, Technology, and Health; Lindenwood University, St Charles, Missouri
| | - Jake R Boykin
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Dale S Keith
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Jacob J Green
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sarah J White
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Ethan Tinoco
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Brielle DeHaven
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Trisha A VanDusseldorp
- Bonafide Health, LLC, JDS Therapeutics, Harrison, New York; Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Grant M Tinsley
- Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Alix-Fages C, Jiménez-Martínez P, de Oliveira DS, Möck S, Balsalobre-Fernández C, Del Vecchio A. Mental fatigue impairs physical performance but not the neural drive to the muscle: a preliminary analysis. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1671-1684. [PMID: 36988671 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Mental fatigue (MF) does not only affect cognitive but also physical performance. This study aimed to explore the effects of MF on muscle endurance, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and motor units' activity. Ten healthy males participated in a randomised crossover study. The subjects attended two identical experimental sessions separated by 3 days with the only difference of a cognitive task (incongruent Stroop task [ST]) and a control condition (watching a documentary). Perceived MF and motivation were measured for each session at baseline and after each cognitive task. Four contractions at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVIC) were performed at baseline, after each cognitive and after muscle endurance task while measuring motor units by high-density surface electromyography. Muscle endurance until failure at 50% of MVIC was measured after each cognitive task and the RPE was measured right after failure. ST significantly increased MF (p = 0.001) reduced the motivation (p = 0.008) for the subsequent physical task and also impaired physical performance (p = 0.044). However, estimates of common synaptic inputs and motor unit discharge rates as well as RPE were not affected by MF (p > 0.11). In conclusion, MF impairs muscle endurance and motivation for the physical task but not the neural drive to the muscle at any frequency bands. Although it is physiologically possible for mentally fatigued subjects to generate an optimal neuromuscular function, the altered motivation seems to limit physical performance. Preliminarily, our results suggest that the corticospinal pathways are not affected by MF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alix-Fages
- Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, C/ Fco Tomas Y Valiente 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain.
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniela Souza de Oliveira
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Möck
- Department of Exercise Science, Olympic Training and Testing Center of Hessen, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
- Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, C/ Fco Tomas Y Valiente 3, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vincent HK, Sharififar S, McLaren C, May J, Vincent KR. Acute and chronic cardiovascular responses to concentric and eccentric exercise in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:95. [PMID: 37528468 PMCID: PMC10394881 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscle contraction type in resistance exercise training may confer benefits besides strength in individuals with osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. The purpose of the study was to explore whether Eccentric-resistance training (RT) improved hemodynamic responses to acute walking exercise stress compared to Concentric-RT among individuals with knee OA over four months. METHODS This was a secondary analysis from a randomized, controlled, single-blinded study. Participants (N = 88; 68.3 ± 6.4 yrs; 67.4% female) were randomized to one of two work-matched resistance training (RT) programs against a non-RT control group. Pre-training and month four, participants completed a self-paced Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and progressive treadmill exercise test. Heart rates, blood pressures and mean arterial pressures (MAP) were captured during each test. Antihypertensive medications use was documented at each time point. RESULTS Leg strength improved in both training groups by month four (p < .05). Changes in 6MWT distance and progressive treadmill test time were not different across groups over four months. Neither Concentric or Eccentric RT produced different hemodyamic responses during the 6MWT compared to the control group post-training. However, Concentric RT was associated with 6.0%-7.4% reductions in systolic blood pressure during the graded treadmill walking test at 50%, 75% and 100% of the test time compared to Eccentric RT and the controls (p = .045). MAP values were lower at 75% and 100% of the treadmill test after Concentric RT (5.7%-6.0% reductions) compared to Eccentric RT (1.0%-2.4% reductions) and controls (1.5% and 4.0% elevations) post-training (p = .024). Antihypertensive medication use did not change in any group. CONCLUSIONS The repeated, progressive exposures of Concentric RT-induced blunted the hypertensive responses to acute exercise compared to Eccentric-RT. Among people with knee OA, Concentric-RT may confer strength benefits to manage OA and possibly reduce cardiovascular stress during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Vincent
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, UF Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, PO Box 112730, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Sharareh Sharififar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, UF Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, PO Box 112730, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christian McLaren
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, UF Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, PO Box 112730, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - James May
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, UF Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, PO Box 112730, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Kevin R Vincent
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, UF Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Institute, PO Box 112730, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hayes EJ, Stevenson E, Sayer AA, Granic A, Hurst C. Recovery from Resistance Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Scoping Review. Sports Med Open 2023; 9:51. [PMID: 37395837 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise is recommended for maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults. However, little is known about exercise-induced muscle damage and recovery from resistance exercise in older adults. This may have implications for exercise prescription. This scoping review aimed to identify and provide a broad overview of the available literature, examine how this research has been conducted, and identify current knowledge gaps relating to exercise-induced muscle damage and recovery from resistance exercise in older adults. METHODS Studies were included if they included older adults aged 65 years and over, and reported any markers of exercise-induced muscle damage after performing a bout of resistance exercise. The following electronic databases were searched using a combination of MeSH terms and free text: MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science. Additionally, reference lists of identified articles were screened for eligible studies. Data were extracted from eligible studies using a standardised form. Studies were collated and are reported by emergent theme or outcomes. RESULTS A total of 10,976 possible articles were identified and 27 original research articles were included. Findings are reported by theme; sex differences in recovery from resistance exercise, symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage, and biological markers of muscle damage. CONCLUSIONS Despite the volume of available data, there is considerable variability in study protocols and inconsistency in findings reported. Across all measures of exercise-induced muscle damage, data in women are lacking when compared to males, and rectifying this discrepancy should be a focus of future studies. Current available data make it challenging to provide clear recommendations to those prescribing resistance exercise for older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Jayne Hayes
- AGE Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma Stevenson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Cookson Building, 1St Floor, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Avan Aihie Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher Hurst
- AGE Research Group, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Isath A, Koziol KJ, Martinez MW, Garber CE, Martinez MN, Emery MS, Baggish AL, Naidu SS, Lavie CJ, Arena R, Krittanawong C. Exercise and cardiovascular health: A state-of-the-art review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:44-52. [PMID: 37120119 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, and low levels of physical activity (PA) is a leading independent predictor of poor CV health and associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors that predispose to CVD development. In this review, we evaluate the benefits of exercise on CV health. We discuss the CV adaptations to exercise, focusing on the physiological changes in the heart and vasculature. We review the impact and benefits of exercise on specific CV prevention, including type II diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, in addition to CVD-related and all-cause mortality. Lastly, we evaluate the current PA guidelines and various modes of exercise, assessing the current literature for the effective regimens of PA that improve CVD outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameesh Isath
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Klaudia J Koziol
- New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Martinez
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sports Cardiology and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Atlantic Health, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, United States of America
| | - Carol Ewing Garber
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Program in Applied Physiology, Teachers College, Columbia University, United States of America
| | - Matthew N Martinez
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael S Emery
- Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Section of Clinical Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Aaron L Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Srihari S Naidu
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Espin A, Irazusta J, Segovia Celaya I, Mosquera Lajas Á, González-Templado V, Rodriguez-Larrad A. Effects of a videoconference-based therapeutic exercise intervention on the musculoskeletal pain of eldercare workers: protocol for the ReViEEW randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:463. [PMID: 37280584 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain is high among eldercare workers, and therapeutic exercise has shown to be effective for its management. Although telerehabilitation is an increasingly used alternative for delivering therapeutic exercise, no studies have assessed synchronous group telerehabilitation interventions for the management of musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, the aim of this article is to describe the protocol of a randomized controlled trial that will assess the effects of a videoconference-based group therapeutic exercise intervention on the musculoskeletal pain of eldercare workers. METHODS This multicenter trial will randomly assign 130 eldercare workers to either a control or experimental group. Participants in the control group will not receive any intervention, and participants in the experimental group will take part in a 12-week remote supervised videoconference-based intervention, consisting of 2 weekly 45-min group sessions. Each session will include 4 sets of 6 progressive resistance exercises for the lower limbs, upper limbs and trunk, performed with bodyweight and elastic bands at moderate-high intensity. Following the 12 weeks, participants in the experimental group will be provided with material for autonomously carry on the therapeutic exercises and advised to continue performing 2 weekly sessions on their own until a 48-week follow-up. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 12 and 48 weeks. Primary outcome will be average pain intensity in the low back during the last 7 days, measured by the 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes will include additional measures of musculoskeletal pain, psycho-affective state, work-related variables, and physical fitness. DISCUSSION This will be the first trial, to our knowledge, assessing whether a remote delivery of a group therapeutic exercise intervention via videoconference is effective for reducing the musculoskeletal pain, improving the psycho-affective state and physical fitness, and enhancing the work-related parameters in eldercare workers. If successful, this study will provide innovative tools for implementing effective, scalable and affordable interventions to tackle musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace. It will also highlight the utility of telehealth, and address the importance of therapeutic exercise to manage musculoskeletal pain in a critical population for the future of the aging societies as it is the eldercare workers. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT05050526) on September 20, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ander Espin
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
| | - Jon Irazusta
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Rodriguez-Larrad
- Ageing On Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the gradual deterioration of function at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organism levels in humans. The typical diseases caused by changes in body composition, as well as functional decline in the human body’s organs due to aging include sarcopenia and metabolic disorders. The accumulation of dysfunctional aging β cells with age can cause decreased glucose tolerance and diabetes. Muscle decline has a multifactorial origin, involving lifestyle habits, disease triggers, and age-dependent biological changes. The reduced function of β cells in elderly people lowers insulin sensitivity, which affects protein synthesis and interferes with muscle synthesis. The functional decrease and aggravation of disease in elderly people with less regular exercise or physical activity causes imbalances in food intake and a continuous, vicious cycle. In contrast, resistance exercise increases the function of β cells and protein synthesis in elderly people. In this review, we discuss regular physical activities or exercises to prevent and improve health, which is sarcopenia as decreased muscle mass and metabolic disorders as diabetes in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Taek Lim
- Institute of Sports and Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 341-0018, Japan
| | - Sunghwun Kang
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-machinery convergence engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Draxler A, Franzke B, Kelecevic S, Maier A, Pantic J, Srienc S, Cellnigg K, Solomon SM, Zötsch C, Aschauer R, Unterberger S, Zöhrer PA, Bragagna L, Strasser EM, Wessner B, Wagner KH. The influence of vitamin D supplementation and strength training on health biomarkers and chromosomal damage in community-dwelling older adults. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102640. [PMID: 36857929 PMCID: PMC9986641 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults lack of proper physical activity which is often accompanied by vitamin D deficiency. Those factors are known to contribute to health issues in the later years of life. The main goal of this intervention study was to investigate the effect of different vitamin D supplementation strategies for 4 weeks solely or combined with a 10-week strength training program on chromosomal stability in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in community-dwelling older people. One hundred women and men (65-85 years) received either vitamin D3 daily (800 IU), a monthly dose (50.000 IU) or placebo for 17 weeks. All groups received 400 mg calcium daily. The fitness status of the study participants was measured using the 30- second chair stand test, the handgrip strength test and the 6-min walk test. The cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome (CBMN) assay was applied to analyze chromosomal anomalies, including cytotoxic and genotoxic parameters. Changes in antioxidant markers were measured in plasma. Walking distance and chair stand performance improved significantly. Increased levels of the parameters of the CBMN assay were detected for all intervention groups at study end. At baseline micronuclei (MNi) frequency correlated significantly with BMI in both sexes (females: r = 0.369, p = 0.034; males: r = 0.265, p = 0.035), but not with vitamin D serum levels. In females, body fat (r = 0.372, p < 0.001) and functional parameter using the 30-s chair stand test (r = 0.311, p = 0.002) correlated significantly with MNi frequency. Interestingly, not vitamin D supplementation but 10 weeks of resistance training increased MNi frequency indicating elevated chromosomal instability and also adverse effects on antioxidant markers including glutathione and FRAP were detected in the group of community-dwelling older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Draxler
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Franzke
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sanja Kelecevic
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alexander Maier
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jelena Pantic
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Simon Srienc
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | - Carina Zötsch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rudolf Aschauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sandra Unterberger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patrick A Zöhrer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Laura Bragagna
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and Functional Health/Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Hospital, Social Medical Center South, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School for Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Josef Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
He DH, Zhang YZ, Xu L, Zhang Y, Pei JJ, Yan ZF. Individualized intervention for patients with metabolic fatty liver disease based on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:316-325. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i8.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is widely prevalent. Poor dietary and living habits are closely related to the development of MAFLD. Diet and exercise intervention is one of the important measures for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD, but the intervention strategies are still inconclusive, and further research is still required.
AIM To explore the effect of individualized intervention through limited energy balanced diet and exercise on MAFLD.
METHODS MAFLD patients were divided into either an intervention group or a control group according to whether they received individualized diet and exercise intervention or not. At the time of enrollment (T0), the anthropometric information and laboratory indicators of the patients were collected, and the general information, family history, dietary and living habits, and food frequency of the patients were collected by questionnaire survey. Individualized diet and exercise intervention was executed in the intervention group, while routine health education without individualized intervention was executed in the control group. We collected the above parameters after 6 mo (T1) for the second time, and then compared their differences between T0 and T1.
RESULTS Among 127 MAFLD patients included, those with daily travelling by car accounted for 62.99%, and those preferring sedentary lifestyle (>8 h/d), heavy flavor food, and extra meal accounted for 48.82%, > 50%, and 37.01%, respectively. Five main factors were extracted after factor analysis, including "fungus and vegetable", "grain and milk", "meat and egg", "aquatic", and "snack". The upper quintile (Q5) of the "meat and egg" factor could increase the risk of high triglyceride (odds ratio [OR] = 5.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41-22.24) and high cholesterol (OR = 6.45, 95%CI: 1.51-27.63) compared with the lower quintile (Q1); the middle quintile (Q3) of the "aquatic" factor could also increase the risk of high cholesterol (OR = 4.54, 95%CI: 1.10-18.78). The differences in anthropometric information and laboratory test indicators (except glycosylated hemoglobin in the control group) between T0 and T1 were statistically significant (P < 0.05) both in the intervention group and in the control group.
CONCLUSION Individualized dietary and exercise intervention based on the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents can help MAFLD patients reduce body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, visceral fat area, body fat ratio, etc. and improve their glucose and lipid metabolism effectively.
Collapse
|
44
|
Schofield C, Newton RU, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, Cohen PA, Meniawy TM, Peddle-McIntyre CJ. Supervised resistance exercise for women with ovarian cancer who have completed first-line treatment: a pragmatic study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:304. [PMID: 37101013 PMCID: PMC10132425 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In ovarian cancer (OC), suboptimal muscle morphology (i.e., low muscle mass and density) is associated with poor clinical outcomes, yet little is known about the effect of interventions aimed at improving these measures. We investigated the effect of resistance exercise after first-line treatment on muscle mass and density, muscle strength and physical function, health-related quality of life (QoL), and pelvic-floor function in advanced-stage OC survivors. METHODS Fifteen OC survivors participated in supervised resistance exercise twice weekly for 12 weeks (in-clinic or by telehealth). Assessments included muscle mass and density (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography), muscle strength (1-repetition maximum [1RM] chest press, 5RM leg press, handgrip strength), physical function (400-m walk, timed up-and-go [TUG]), QoL (QLQ-C30 questionnaire), and self-reported pelvic floor function (Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire). RESULTS The median age was 64 (range 33-72) years, 10 women underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and five underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. All participants completed the intervention (median attendance = 92%; range 79-100%). Post-intervention improvements were observed for whole-body lean mass (1.0 ± 1.4 kg, p = 0.015), appendicular lean mass (0.6 ± 0.9 kg, p = 0.013), muscle density (p = 0.011), upper and lower body strength (p ≤ 0.001), 400-m walk (p = 0.001), TUG (p = 0.005), and social and cognitive QoL domains (p = 0.002 and 0.007), with no change to pelvic floor symptoms (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In this study, supervised resistance exercise effectively improved muscle mass and density, muscle strength, and physical functioning without deleterious effects on the pelvic floor. Considering the prognostic value of these outcomes, larger studies are needed to confirm the benefits of resistance exercise in OC supportive care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Schofield
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Tarek M Meniawy
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The modern environment has led to an increased risk and incidence of sedentary lifestyles. When physical activity (PA) becomes insufficient, pathophysiological pathways are invoked and the future risk for chronic diseases and premature mortality increases. As a consequence, since the 1970s governmental agencies and medical societies have published guidelines to promote PA. The 2018 Guidelines for Physical Activity for Americans contain important updated guidelines, but many of these guidelines are not yet sufficiently known by the public or health providers. In addition, to make use of these guidelines, they need to be integrated with optimal behavioral interventions. Accordingly, this narrative review critically assesses five tenets that stem from the 2018 Guidelines and illustrates how these tenets can be integrated with tools and techniques for motivating individuals to initiate and maintain a more physically active lifestyle. The first tenet indicates that there is no lower threshold of PA that must be obtained before health benefits begin to accrue. Second, it is no longer required that PA be obtained in bouts of 10 min or more to "count". Bouts of lesser duration also count. Pending further study, new accelerometry data suggest that vigorous intermittent PA of just 1-2 min may also benefit health, such as that acquired by stair climbing or carrying heavy groceries. This has led to a new concept of promoting "lifestyle physical activity". Third, excessive sitting is health damaging if it is not accompanied by sufficient daily life PA or accrues over long uninterrupted bouts. Fourth, it is essential to incorporate resistance exercises for optimal health and to promote successful aging. Fifth, a wealth of new evidence indicates that PA strongly protects and promotes all aspects of brain health and may improve cognition even after a single bout of exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Rozanski
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart and the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Toohey K, Chapman M, Rushby AM, Urban K, Ingham G, Singh B. The effects of physical exercise in the palliative care phase for people with advanced cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv 2023; 17:399-415. [PMID: 35040076 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-021-01153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety, feasibility and effectiveness of exercise in the palliative care phase for people with advanced cancer. METHODS Electronic databases were searched for exercise randomised controlled trials involving individuals with incurable cancer that were published prior to April 14, 2021. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of exercise on health outcomes. Subgroup effects for exercise mode, supervision, intervention duration and cancer diagnosis were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-two trials involving interventions ranging between 2 weeks and 6 months were included. Interventions comprised of aerobic (n = 3), resistance (n = 4), mixed-mode (n = 14) and other exercise (n = 1) modalities. Cancer types consisted of lung (n = 6), breast (n = 3), prostate (n = 2), multiple myeloma (n = 1) and mixed cancer types (n = 10). Meta-analysis of 20 RCTs involving 1840 participants showed no difference in the risk of a grade 2-4 adverse event between exercise and usual care (n = 110 adverse events (exercise: n = 66 events; usual care: n = 44 events), RD = - 0.01 (91% CI = - 0.01, 0.02); p = 0.24). Overall median recruitment, retention and adherence rates were 56%, 80% and 69%, respectively. Meta-analysis of health outcomes showed effects in favour of exercise for quality of life, fatigue, aerobic fitness and lower-body strength (SMD range = 0.27-0.48, all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Participants who engaged in exercise experienced an increase in quality of life, fitness and strength and a decrease in fatigue. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Physical activity programs were found to be safe and feasible for people with advanced cancer in the palliative care phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie Toohey
- Faculty of HealthCanberra Specialist Medical CentreACT, University of Canberra, Level C Office 3, Bruce, 2617, Australia.
- Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, ActivityBruce ACT, Cancer, Australia.
| | - Michael Chapman
- Palliative Care, Canberra Hospital, ACT Health Services, Canberra ACT, Australia
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Rushby
- Faculty of HealthCanberra Specialist Medical CentreACT, University of Canberra, Level C Office 3, Bruce, 2617, Australia
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kat Urban
- Palliative Care, Lismore Base Hospital, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Gemma Ingham
- Palliative Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zheng X, Headley SA, Maris SA, Smith DM. Acute cardiovascular responses to unilateral bicep curls with blood flow restriction. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:179-185. [PMID: 36816779 PMCID: PMC9906011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A consensus on the acute cardiovascular responses to low intensity (LI) resistance exercise (RE) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) has not yet been reached. This study was designed to compare acute cardiovascular responses to a single bout of LIRE, high intensity (HI) RE, and LIRE with BFR in physically active young males. Participants completed 3 RE sessions in random order, where each session consists of 4 sets of unilateral dumbbell bicep curls. Cardiovascular hemodynamics were measured at baseline and right after each set of RE. Aortic augmentation index (AIx) was significantly higher after set 2,3,4 of RE in LI + BFR session compared to LI session (P < 0.05). Brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), brachial rate pressure product (RPP), and central RPP responses did not differ between LI and LI + BFR sessions (P > 0.05). HI session had a higher central SBP, brachial RPP, central RPP, and aortic AIx compared to LI session after each set of RE (P < 0.05), but not brachial SBP (P > 0.05). Taken together, this study showed that LIRE combined with BFR acutely augmented aortic stiffness, as also observed in HI session, but myocardial oxygen consumption was only higher in HI session when compared to LI session. Thus, although BFR did not exaggerate cardiovascular responses nor cause extra myocardial oxygen consumption, it should be prescribed with caution when control of acute aortic stiffening is necessary during RE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zheng
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA,Florida State University, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA,Corresponding author. Springfield College, 263 Alden Street, Athletic Training and Exercise Science Facilities, Rm 214, Springfield, MA, 01109, USA.
| | - Samuel A.E. Headley
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Stephen A. Maris
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Daniel M. Smith
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yang S, He Q, Shi L, Wu Y. Impact of Antarctic krill oil supplementation on skeletal muscle injury recovery after resistance exercise. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1345-1356. [PMID: 36566465 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antarctic krill oil (KO) is a natural source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), and is rich in phospholipids, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), astaxanthin, flavonoids, vitamins, trace elements, and other bioactive substances. KO has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. n-3 PUFAs also have been purported to improve the recovery of muscular performance. Moreover, the phospholipids present in KO can enhance n-3 PUFA bioavailability because of its higher absorption rate in plasma compared to fish oil. Astaxanthin, found in Antarctic KO, is a red carotenoid and powerful antioxidant that inhibits oxidative stress after intense exercise. Hence, we examined the effect of KO supplementation on the recovery of exercise by measuring muscular performance, oxidant/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and the markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of resistance exercise. METHODS 30 college-aged resistance-trained males (20.4 ± 0.92 years, 74.09 ± 7.23 kg, 180.13 ± 4.72 cm) were randomly supplemented with 3 g/d KO or placebo (PL) for 3 days and continued to consume after resistance exercise for 3 days until the experiment finished. Before supplementation, pre-exercise performance assessments of knee isokinetic strength, 20 m sprint, hexagon test, and blood serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were completed. Then after 3 days of supplementation, participants completed a bout of muscle-damaging exercise, and subsequently, they performed and repeated the exercise performance assessments and blood-related indicators tests immediately (0 h), as well as at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h post-muscle-damaging exercise. RESULTS Compared to the PL group, the serum CK of KO group was significantly lower at 24 h and 48 h post-exercise; the hexagon test time of the KO group was significantly lower than that of the PL group at 6 h and 24 h post-exercise; the KO group's isokinetic muscle strength showed different degrees of recovery than that of the PL group at 24 h and 48 h, and even over-recovery at 72 h post-exercise; the SOD level of the KO group was significantly higher than that of the PL group at 0, 6, and 24 h after exercise; the T-AOC level of the KO group was significantly higher than that of the PL group at 0, 6, and 72 h after exercise; the MDA level of the KO group was significantly lower than that of the PL group at 6 h; and there was no significant difference in serum IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α between the two groups. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that 3 g/d KO supplementation and continued supplementation after exercise can alleviate exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and promote post-exercise recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Yang
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing He
- Aland Health Holding Ltd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Saunders B, da Costa LR, de Souza RAS, Barreto G, Marticorena FM. Caffeine and sport. Adv Food Nutr Res 2023; 106:95-127. [PMID: 37722778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is a trimethylxanthine found in coffee and several other foods and beverages. Its stimulatory effects make it an interesting strategy to boost performance for athletic populations. Scientific evidence supports its efficacy to improve high-intensity endurance exercise, explosive and high-intensity efforts, resistance exercise, team sports and combat sports, though individual variation in the ergogenic response to caffeine exists. Supplementation can be taken in many forms including dissolved in water, via capsules, coffee, energy drinks and caffeinated gum; ingestion via capsules, dissolved in water or in caffeinated gum appear to be most effective. Variability in the exercise response following caffeine supplementation may be explained by genetic factors or habitual caffeine consumption. Caffeine is an excellent supplement for athletes looking to improve their exercise performance, though some consideration of side-effects and impact on sleep are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Saunders
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Registro da Costa
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Silva de Souza
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Barreto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Miguel Marticorena
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bennie JA, Ding D, De Cocker K. Dose-dependent associations of joint aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercise with obesity: A cross-sectional study of 280,605 adults. J Sport Health Sci 2023; 12:186-193. [PMID: 33434635 PMCID: PMC10105011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that compared to engaging in 1 activity mode alone, a combination of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA: brisk walking/jogging, cycling) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE: push-ups/sit-ups, using weight machines) has more favorable associations with optimal weight status. However, few studies have examined the dose-dependent and joint associations of MVPA and MSE with obesity. METHODS Based on cross-sectional analyses of the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-2014), we examined prevalence ratios (PRs) of joint and stratified associations between MVPA (4 categories: (i) 0 min/week, (ii) 1-149 min/week, (iii) 150-299 min/week, and (iv) ≥300 min/week) and MSE (3 categories: (i) 0 day/week, (ii) 1 day/week, and (iii) ≥2 days/week) with body mass index-defined obesity (body mass index of ≥30.0 kg/m2) using Poisson regression with robust error variance. PRs were examined unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics (e.g., sex, age, education, income, and smoking status). RESULTS Data were available for 280,456 adults (≥18 years), of which 46,166 (15.5%) were obese. The interaction MVPA × MSE guideline adherence was statistically significant for obesity (p ≤ 0.05). The joint MVPA-MSE analysis showed that compared to the reference group (i.e., no MVPA and no MSE), the PRs followed a dose-dependent pattern, with the lowest observed among those reporting ≥150 MVPA min/week and ≥1 MSE days/week (PR: 0.43; 95% confidence interval: 0.41-0.46). When stratified across each MVPA strata, the PRs were mostly lower among those engaging in MSE 1 day/week, as compared to those doing MSE ≥2 days/week. CONCLUSION There was evidence for a dose-dependent association between joint MVPA-MSE with a reduced prevalence of obesity. Public health strategies for the prevention and management of obesity should recommend both MVPA and MSE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia.
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre Epidemiology Unit, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ-PALs), Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia
| |
Collapse
|