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Dwivedi V, Shivanna V, Gautam S, Delgado J, Hicks A, Argonza M, Meredith R, Turner J, Martinez-Sobrido L, Torrelles JB, Kulkarni V. Age associated susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse model. GeroScience 2024; 46:2901-2913. [PMID: 38388916 PMCID: PMC11009211 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still an ongoing global health crisis. Clinical data indicate that the case fatality rate (CFR) is age dependent, with a higher CFR percentage in the elderly population. We compared the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in young and aged K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. We evaluated morbidity, mortality, viral titers, immune responses, and histopathology in SARS-CoV-2-infected young and old K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. Within the limitation of having a low number of mice per group, our results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in slightly higher morbidity, mortality, and viral replication in the lungs of old mice, which was associated with an impaired IgM response and altered cytokine and chemokine profiles. Results of this study increase our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and immuno-pathogenesis in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Dwivedi
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Vinay Shivanna
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jennifer Delgado
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Amberlee Hicks
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Marco Argonza
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Reagan Meredith
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
- International Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Viraj Kulkarni
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
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Deng JS, Huang CL, Hu QY, Shi L, Chen XY, Luo X, Tung TH, Zhu JS. Impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on college students' hesitancy to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses: A study from Taizhou, China. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102709. [PMID: 38576514 PMCID: PMC10992892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the impact of a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the hesitancy of college students to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses. Methods A population-based self-administered online survey was conducted in July 2024 in Taizhou, China. A total of 792 respondents were included in this study. Logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with college students' hesitation to receive booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Results Of 792 respondents, 32.2 % hesitated to receive additional doses of the COVID-19 vaccine booster. Furthermore, 23.5 % of the respondents reported an increase in hesitancy to receiving additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses compared to before they were infected with SARS-CoV-2. In the regression analyses, college students who had a secondary infection were more hesitant to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses (OR = 0.481, 95 % CI: (0.299-0.774), P = 0.003). Moreover, students with secondary infections who were male (OR = 0.417, 95 % CI: 0.221-0.784, P = 0.007), with lower than a bachelor's degree (OR = 0.471, 95 % CI: 0.272-0.815, P = 0.007), in non-medical majors (OR = 0.460, 95 % CI: 0.248-0.856, P = 0.014), and sophomores or below (OR = 0.483, 95 % CI: 0.286-0.817, P = 0.007) were more hesitant to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses. Conclusion A history of SARS-CoV-2 infection affects college students' hesitation to receive additional COVID-19 vaccine booster doses, which was higher in those who experienced secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Shan Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Chun-Lian Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Qiong-Ying Hu
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Enze Nursing College, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Xu Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China
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Finsterer J. Before attributing impaired cognition in the elderly to COVID-19, all influencing factors must be considered. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100741. [PMID: 38618012 PMCID: PMC11010789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Neurology Dpt., Neurology & Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria
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Rizzi G, Albanese E. Reply to the letter to the editor "before attributing impaired cognition in the elderly to COVID-19, all influencing factors must be considered". Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 37:100740. [PMID: 38618011 PMCID: PMC11010793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Rizzi
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland
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Raethke M, van Hunsel F, Luxi N, Lieber T, Bellitto C, Mulder E, Ciccimarra F, Riefolo F, Thurin NH, Roy D, Morton K, Villalobos F, Batel Marques F, Farcas A, Sonderlichová S, Belitser S, Klungel O, Trifirò G, Sturkenboom MC. Frequency and timing of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines; A multi-country cohort event monitoring study. Vaccine 2024; 42:2357-2369. [PMID: 38448322 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, EMA set-up a large-scale cohort event monitoring (CEM) system to estimate incidence rates of patient-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of different COVID-19 vaccines across the participating countries. This study aims to give an up to date and in-depth analysis of the frequency of patient-reported ADRs after the 1st, 2nd, and booster vaccination, to identify potential predictors in developing ADRs and to describe time-to-onset (TTO) and time-to-recovery (TTR) of ADRs. METHODS A CEM study was rolled out in a period ranging from February 2021 to February 2023 across multiple European countries; The Netherlands, Belgium, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia and Spain. Analysis consisted of a descriptive analyses of frequencies of COVID-19 vaccine-related ADRs for 1st, 2nd and booster vaccination, analysis of potential predictors in developing ADRs with a generalized linear mixed-effects model, analysis of TTO and TTR of ADRs and a sensitivity analysis for loss to follow-up (L2FU). RESULTS A total of 29,837 participants completed at least the baseline and the first follow-up questionnaire for 1st and 2nd vaccination and 7,250 participants for the booster. The percentage of participants who reported at least one ADR is 74.32% (95%CI 73.82-74.81). Solicited ADRs, including injection site reactions, are very common across vaccination moments. Potential predictors for these reactions are the brand of vaccine used, the patient's age, sex and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. The percentage of serious ADRs in the study is low for 1st and 2nd vaccination (0.24%, 95%CI 0.19--0.31) and booster (0.26%, 95%CI 0.15, 0.41). The TTO was 14 h (median) for dose 1 and slightly longer for dose 2 and booster dose. TTR is generally also within a few days. The effect of L2FU on estimations of frequency is limited. CONCLUSION Despite some limitations due to study design and study-roll out, CEM studies can allow prompt and almost real-time observations of the safety of medications directly from a patient-centered perspective, which can play a crucial role for regulatory bodies during an emergency setting such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raethke
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's, Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Florence van Hunsel
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's, Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands; Department of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Nicoletta Luxi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Thomas Lieber
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's, Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Chiara Bellitto
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Erik Mulder
- Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, 's, Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | | | - Fabio Riefolo
- Teamit Institute, Partnerships, Barcelona Health Hub, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas H Thurin
- Bordeaux PharmacoEpi, INSERM CIC-P 1401, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Debabrata Roy
- Drug Safety Research Unit (DSRU), Southampton, UK; University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Kathryn Morton
- Drug Safety Research Unit (DSRU), Southampton, UK; University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Felipe Villalobos
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andreea Farcas
- Pharmacovigilance Research Center, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Sonderlichová
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Medicine, SLOVACRIN, Slovakia
| | - Svetlana Belitser
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Klungel
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Trifirò
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Miriam C Sturkenboom
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Support, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
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De Pracontal B, Lorton F, Drumel T, Coste-Burel M, Launay E, Guen CGL. Low SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in asymptomatic children during the first year of the pandemic: A French retrospective study. Arch Pediatr 2024; 31:176-178. [PMID: 38326150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the pandemic, children's role in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been debated. We aimed to describe the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic children undergoing institutional systematic screening. METHODS From 2020 to 2021, this retrospective study in a French university hospital included consecutive asymptomatic children routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay before surgery. RESULTS Among the 816 test samples, the prevalence of positive PCR results was 0.49 % (95 % CI: 0.01-0.97, n = 4); half of the cases involved close contacts with an adult case. CONCLUSION These results support the low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic children during the first pandemic periods in France.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fleur Lorton
- Department of Pediatrics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Centre of Clinical Research Femme Enfant Adolescent, Inserm 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Thomas Drumel
- Department of Virology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | | | - Elise Launay
- Department of Pediatrics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Centre of Clinical Research Femme Enfant Adolescent, Inserm 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Christèle Gras Le Guen
- Department of Pediatrics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Centre of Clinical Research Femme Enfant Adolescent, Inserm 1413, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
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Chen K, Jackson NJ, Kelesidis T. Mitoquinone mesylate as post-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: an exploratory single center pragmatic open label non-randomized pilot clinical trial with matched controls. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105042. [PMID: 38471990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An ongoing important need exists to rapidly develop novel therapeutics for COVID-19 that will retain antiviral efficacy in the setting of rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants and potential future development of resistance of SARS-COV-2 to remdesivir and protease inhibitors. To date, there is no FDA-approved treatment for post-exposure prophylaxis against SAR-CoV-2. We have shown that the mitochondrial antioxidant mitoquinone/mitoquinol mesylate (Mito-MES), a dietary supplement, has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in SARS-CoV-2 infected K18-hACE2 mice. METHODS In this exploratory, pragmatic open label clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05381454), we studied whether Mito-MES is an effective post-exposure prophylaxis treatment in people who had high-grade unmasked exposures to SARS-CoV-2 within 5 days prior to study entry. Participants were enrolled in real-world setting in Los Angeles, United States between May 1 and December 1, 2022 and were assigned to either mito-MES 20 mg daily for 14 days (n = 40) or no mito-MES (controls) (n = 40). The primary endpoint was development of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on 4 COVID-19 diagnostic tests [rapid antigen tests (RATs) or PCR] performed during the study period (14 days post exposure). FINDINGS Out of 40 (23 females; 57.5%) study participants who took Mito-MES, 12 (30%) developed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to 30 of the 40 controls (75%) (difference -45.0%, 95% confidence intervals (CI): -64.5%, -25.5%). Out of 40 (19 females; 47.5%) study participants in the control group, 30 (75.0%) had at least one positive COVID-19 diagnostic test and 23 (57.5%) were symptomatic. With regards to key secondary outcomes, among symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, the median duration of viral symptoms was lower in the Mito-MES group (median 3.0, 95% CI 2.75, 3.25) compared to the control group (median 5.0, 95% CI 4.0, 7.0). None of the study participants was hospitalized or required oxygen therapy. Mito-MES was well tolerated and no serious side effect was reported in any study participant. INTERPRETATION This work describes antiviral activity of mito-MES in humans. Mito-MES was well tolerated in our study population and attenuated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given established safety of Mito-MES in humans, our results suggest that randomized control clinical trials of Mito-MES as post-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection are warranted. FUNDING This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant R01AG059501 (TK), National Institutes of Health grant R01AG059502 04S1 (TK), NIH/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) UCLA CTSI Grant Number UL1TR001881 and California HIV/AIDS Research Program grant OS17-LA-002 (TK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Chen
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Jackson
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Finsterer J. Before SARS-CoV-2-related Encephalitis Can Be Attributed to Anti-GFAP Antibodies, Alternative Etiologies Must Be Ruled out. Intern Med 2024; 63:1039. [PMID: 38311421 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3237-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
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Grimaldi P, Russo A, Pisaturo M, Maggi P, Allegorico E, Gentile I, Sangiovanni V, Rossomando A, Pacilio R, Calabria G, Pisapia R, Carriero C, Masullo A, Manzillo E, Russo G, Parrella R, Dell'Aquila G, Gambardella M, Ponticiello A, Onorato L, Coppola N. Clinical and epidemiological factors causing longer SARS-CoV 2 viral shedding: the results from the CoviCamp cohort. Infection 2024; 52:439-446. [PMID: 37704910 PMCID: PMC10954924 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate how long hospitalized patients stayed positive to the nasopharyngeal swab, and what demographic and clinical factors influence the time-to-negative swab. METHODS We enrolled in a multicenter, observational, retrospective study involving 17 COVID-19 units in eight cities of the Campania, southern Italy all patients hospitalized from March 2020 to May 2021 diagnosed with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for whom time-to-negative swab was available. RESULTS 963 patients were enrolled. We defined three groups considering time-to-negative swab: the first including patients with time-to-negative swab before the 26th day, the second including patients with time-to-negative swab from day 26 to day 39, and the third including patients with time-to-negative swab > 39 days. 721 (74.9%) patients belonged to the first group, 194 (20.1%) to the second, and 52 (5.4%) belonged to the third group. Belonging to group 2 and 3 seemed to be influenced by age (p value < 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.009), arterial hypertension (p = 0.02), cardiovascular disease (p = 0.017), or chronic kidney disease (CKD) (p = 0.001). The multivariable analysis confers a leading role to CKD, with an odds ratio of 2.3 as factor influencing belonging to the groups showing a longer time-to-negative swab. Patients with CKD and diabetes were more frequently in the third group. DISCUSSION Our analysis showed that CKD is a factor related to longer time-to-negative swab, probably because of immunosuppression related to this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierantonio Grimaldi
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Pisaturo
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Infectious Disease Unit, A. O. S Anna e S Sebastiano, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Gentile
- Infectious Disease Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Rossomando
- Infectious Diseases Unit and Gender Medicine, P. O. Cotugno, AORN dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Pacilio
- Hepatic Infectious Disease Unit, AORN dei Colli, PO Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Giosuele Calabria
- IX Infectious Disease Unit, AORN dei Coli, PO Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Pisapia
- First Infectious Disease Unit, AORN dei Coli, PO Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Canio Carriero
- Infectious Disease Unit, A.O. San Pio, PO Rummo, Benevento, Italy
| | - Alfonso Masullo
- Infectious Disease Unit, A.O. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elio Manzillo
- VIII Infectious Disease Unit, AORN dei Coli, PO Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Russo
- Infectious Disease Unit, Ospedale Maria S.S. Addolorata di Eboli, ASL Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Roberto Parrella
- Respiratory Infectious Disease Unit, AORN dei Colli, PO Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Gambardella
- Infectious Disease Unit, PO S. Luca, Vallo della Lucania, ASL Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Onorato
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Zazzara MB, Ornago AM, Cocchi C, Serafini E, Bellelli G, Onder G. A pandemic of delirium: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of occurrence of delirium in older adults with COVID-19. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:397-406. [PMID: 38498073 PMCID: PMC10997697 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delirium has been recognized as an atypical presenting feature of COVID-19 in older adults and is independently associated with mortality. We aimed to perform an updated systematic review of the literature and proportional meta-analysis to assess prevalence and incidence of delirium in older adults with COVID-19, addressing differences according to sex, frailty status, and settings. METHODS We searched databases for English-language articles on prevalence and incidence of delirium in older adults with COVID-19, published between March 2020 and January 2023. RESULTS Of the 1171 articles identified, 66 met selection criteria and were included in the meta-analysis (n = 35,035 participants, age-range 66-90 years old, 46.6% females). We observed similar pooled prevalence (20.6% [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 17.8-23.8%]) and incidence (21.3% [95% CI 14.7-30%]) of delirium. Pooled occurrence (both prevalence and incidence) of delirium was similar according to sex (females 21.3% [95% CI 16-27.5%] vs. males 23.8%% [95% CI 18.2-30.4%], p-value = 0.55) and study setting (nursing homes 22.5% [95% CI 14.2-33.6%] vs. hospital 20.3% [95% CI 17-24%], p = 0.68), but it was significantly higher in frail versus non-frail patients (37% [95% CI 26.6-48.8%] vs. 12.5% [95% CI 7.8-19.6%], p-value < 0.01). Delirium definitions and assessment tools largely varied across studies. CONCLUSION This review delineates delirium as a common feature of COVID-19, particularly in frail older adults, and supports its formal inclusion among COVID-19 symptoms. The considerable heterogeneity in delirium assessment highlights the need for an operational strategy to standardize definitions and tools utilization in the management of frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Beatrice Zazzara
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Aging, Orthopaedics and Rheumatological Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Camilla Cocchi
- Department of Aging, Orthopaedics and Rheumatological Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Serafini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bellelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Acute Geriatrics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Aging, Orthopaedics and Rheumatological Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Li XF, Zhang YJ, Yao YL, Chen MX, Wang LL, Wang MD, Hu XY, Tang XJ, Zhong ZH, Fu LJ, Luo X, Lv XY, Geng LH, Wan Q, Ding YB. The association of post-embryo transfer SARS-CoV-2 infection with early pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:436.e1-436.e12. [PMID: 38135094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer on early pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer treatment remains inadequately understood. This knowledge gap endures despite an abundance of studies investigating the repercussions of preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection on early pregnancy outcomes in spontaneous pregnancies. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection within 10 weeks after embryo transfer and early pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment. STUDY DESIGN This prospective cohort study was conducted at a single public in vitro fertilization center in China. Female patients aged 20 to 39 years, with a body mass index ranging from 18 to 30 kg/m2, undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment, were enrolled between September 2022 and December 2022, with follow-up extended until March 2023. The study tracked SARS-CoV-2 infection time (≤14 days, ≤28 days, and ≤10 weeks after embryo transfer), symptoms, vaccination status, the interval between vaccination and embryo transfer, and early pregnancy outcomes, encompassing biochemical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and early miscarriage rate. The study used single-factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection status, along with other relevant factors, and the early pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS A total of 857 female patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment were analyzed. In the first stage, SARS-CoV-2 infection within 14 days after embryo transfer did not have a significant negative association with the biochemical pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-1.09). In the second stage, SARS-CoV-2 infection within 28 days after embryo transfer had no significant association with the implantation rate (36.6% in infected vs 44.0% in uninfected group; P=.181). No statistically significant association was found with the clinical pregnancy rate after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.56-1.09). In the third stage, SARS-CoV-2 infection within 10 weeks after embryo transfer had no significant association with the early miscarriage rate (adjusted odds ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-1.71). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection within 10 weeks after embryo transfer may not be negatively associated with the biochemical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and early miscarriage rate in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment. It is important to note that these findings are specific to the target population of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients aged 20 to 39 years, without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and with a body mass index of 18 to 30 kg/m2. This information offers valuable insights, addressing current concerns and providing a clearer understanding of the actual risk associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fei Li
- Reproductive Center, Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Jia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Ling Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Xing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Reproductive Center, Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Di Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Yue Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Juan Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing-Yu Lv
- Reproductive Center, Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Hong Geng
- Reproductive Center, Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Bin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Song J, Jeong S, Choi S, Oh YH, Park SJ, Chang JY, Cho Y, Byeon K, Choi JY, Lee S, Jung J, Park SM. Inverse association with COVID-19 vaccination status of the incidence of pneumonia after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A nationwide retrospective cohort study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:650-656. [PMID: 38430718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although one of the characteristics of COVID-19 is accompanied by acute pneumonia immediately after infection, large-scale cohort studies focused on this issue are lacking. In addition, there is interest in how COVID-19 vaccinations reduce the incidence of acute pneumonia for people infected with different strains of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, we assess the short-term incidence of pneumonia after COVID-19 with the vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 variants. METHODS As data for 2136,751 COVID-19 patients between January 01, 2020 and February 28, 2022 was collected, they were observed for one month from the day of infection. Patients in retrospective cohort study were classified according to doses of the received vaccine and the epidemic phase when SARS-CoV-2 variants prevailed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the pneumonia risk. RESULTS In B.1.1.7-B.1.351, B.1.617.2, and B.1.617.2 variants, the aORs (95% CIs; p-value) for incidence of pneumonia were 0.93 (0.89-0.98; <0.001), 0.74 (0.70-0.78; <0.001), and 0.04 (0.038-0.043; <0.001), respectively, compared to the original strain. More than 80% of patients have received the second and more doses of the vaccine (average age=44.67 years). The aORs (95% CIs; p-value) for pneumonia were 0.61 (0.58-0.64; <0.001), 0.39 (0.38-0.40; <0.001), and 0.18 (0.166-0.184; <0.001) in patients who received the first (N = 68,216), second (N = 898,838), and ≥ third doses (N = 836,173), respectively, compared to unvaccinated patients. According to the received vaccine (second dose of mRNA or viral vector), those who received BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (N = 787,980) had lower risk of pneumonia, compared to that in those who received h ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and AD26. COV2-S (N = 89,024). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the second and ≥ third doses (61% and 82% of risk aversion effect increased, respectively) of the COVID-19 vaccine can prevent the COVID-19-related pneumonia, regardless of the variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong©, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeonghyang Byeon
- Associate Research Fellow, Big Data Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seju Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21556, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Mestriner F, Francisco DF, Campos LCB, Couto AES, Fraga-Silva TFC, Flora Dugaich V, D Avila-Mesquita C, Zukowski Kovacs H, Vasconcelos JL, Milani ER, Santos Guedes de Sá K, Martins R, Jordani MC, Corsi CAC, Barbosa JM, Vasconcelos T, Gonçalves Menegueti M, Neto J, da Costa RM, Evora PRB, Arruda E, Tostes R, Polonis K, Bonato VLD, Auxiliadora-Martins M, Ribeiro MS, Becari C. Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein is upregulated in severe COVID-19 patients and decreases neutrophil NETs in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cytokine 2024; 176:156503. [PMID: 38301358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Orosomucoid, or alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), is a major acute-phase protein expressed in response to systemic injury and inflammation. AGP has been described as an inhibitor of neutrophil migration on sepsis, particularly its immunomodulation effects. AGP's biological functions in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not understood. We sought to investigate the role of AGP in severe COVID-19 infection patients and neutrophils infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological data, AGP levels, and other laboratory parameters were measured in blood samples from 56 subjects hospitalized in the ICU with SARS-CoV-2 infection. To evaluate the role of AGP in NETosis in neutrophils, blood samples from health patients were collected, and neutrophils were separated and infected with SARS-CoV-2. Those neutrophils were treated with AGP or vehicle, and NETosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. AGP was upregulated in severe COVID-19 patients (p<0.05). AGP level was positively correlated with IL-6 and C-reactive protein (respectively, p=0.005, p=0.002) and negatively correlated with lactate (p=0.004). AGP treatment downregulated early and late NETosis (respectively, 35.7% and 43.5%) in neutrophils infected with SARS-CoV-2 and up-regulated IL-6 supernatant culture expression (p<0.0001). Our data showed increased AGP in COVID-19 infection and contributed to NETosis regulation and increased IL-6 production, possibly related to the Cytokine storm in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Mestriner
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniely F Francisco
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ligia C B Campos
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ariel E S Couto
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thais F C Fraga-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Flora Dugaich
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carolina D Avila-Mesquita
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Henrique Zukowski Kovacs
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jociany L Vasconcelos
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Elizabete R Milani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keyla Santos Guedes de Sá
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Martins
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C Jordani
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlos A C Corsi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jessyca M Barbosa
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tauana Vasconcelos
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael M da Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R B Evora
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eurico Arruda
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katarzyna Polonis
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Vania L D Bonato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora-Martins
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mauricio S Ribeiro
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Christiane Becari
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Ma S, Tang S, Lu G, Lin G, Gong F. SARS-CoV-2 infection is detrimental to pregnancy outcomes after embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2024; 22:124. [PMID: 38500129 PMCID: PMC10949839 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore whether SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the pregnancy outcomes of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). METHODS A prospective cohort study recruited patients for embryo transfer from December 01, 2022, to December 31, 2022. All patients were closely followed up for SARS-CoV-2 infection after embryo transfer. The SARS-CoV-2 "diagnosed group" was defined as RNA or antigen-positive. The SARS-CoV-2 "suspected infection group" was defined as having apparent SARS-CoV-2 symptoms without an RNA or antigen test, while the "uninfected group" was defined as having a negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen test and no SARS-CoV-2 symptoms. RESULTS A total of 1330 patients participated in the study, 687 of whom were in the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed group, 219 in the suspected infection group, and 424 in the uninfected group. There was no significant difference in basic characteristics among the three groups. The clinical pregnancy rate was 68% in the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed group, 63% in the uninfected group, and 51% in the suspected infection group (P < 0.001). The ongoing pregnancy rate was 58% in the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed group, 53% in the uninfected group, and 45% in the suspected infection group (P < 0.001). Upon analyzing the factors influencing clinical pregnancy, it was found that suspected infection (odds ratio [OR] 0.618, 95% CI 0.444-0.862, P = 0.005) and the short time (≤ 22 days) between embryo transfer and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.92-8.24, P < 0.001) were not conducive to clinical pregnancy. In addition, the concurrent presence of fever and dizziness/headache SARS-CoV-2 symptoms (OR 0.715, 95% CI 0.526-0.972, P = 0.032) decreased the clinical pregnancy rate. However, vaccination administered 2-3 times (OR 1.804, 95% CI 1.332-2.444, P < 0.001) was associated with an improvement in clinical pregnancy rate. CONCLUSIONS This prospective cohort study shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection in a short period of time after embryo transfer is not conducive to clinical pregnancy. Reproductive physicians should advise patients to avoid SARS-CoV-2 infection shortly after embryo transfer. Meanwhile, women should be encouraged to vaccinate at least 2-3 times before embryo transfer or pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Sha Tang
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fei Gong
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, No. 567 Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, 410008, China.
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15
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Emanuels A, Casto AM, Heimonen J, O'Hanlon J, Chow EJ, Ogokeh C, Rolfes MA, Han PD, Hughes JP, Uyeki TM, Frazar C, Chung E, Starita LM, Englund JA, Chu HY. Remote surveillance and detection of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among household members in King County, Washington. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:309. [PMID: 38481147 PMCID: PMC10936024 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09160-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was important to better understand transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Household contacts of infected individuals are particularly at risk for infection, but delays in contact tracing, delays in testing contacts, and isolation and quarantine posed challenges to accurately capturing secondary household cases. METHODS In this study, 346 households in the Seattle region were provided with respiratory specimen collection kits and remotely monitored using web-based surveys for respiratory illness symptoms weekly between October 1, 2020, and June 20, 2021. Symptomatic participants collected respiratory specimens at symptom onset and mailed specimens to the central laboratory in Seattle. Specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR with whole genome sequencing attempted when positive. SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals were notified, and their household contacts submitted specimens every 2 days for 14 days. RESULTS In total, 1371 participants collected 2029 specimens that were tested; 16 individuals (1.2%) within 6 households tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period. Full genome sequences were generated from 11 individuals within 4 households. Very little genetic variation was found among SARS-CoV-2 viruses sequenced from different individuals in the same household, supporting transmission within the household. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates web-based surveillance of respiratory symptoms, combined with rapid and longitudinal specimen collection and remote contact tracing, provides a viable strategy to monitor households and detect household transmission of SARS-CoV-2. TRIAL REGISTRATION IDENTIFIER NCT04141930, Date of registration 28/10/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Emanuels
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Amanda M Casto
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica Heimonen
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jessica O'Hanlon
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Eric J Chow
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Constance Ogokeh
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melissa A Rolfes
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter D Han
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James P Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy M Uyeki
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Frazar
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Chung
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Lea M Starita
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Janet A Englund
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, UW Medicine Box 358061, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican Street, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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16
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Aprea MG, Schiavetti I, Portaccio E, Ballerini C, Bonavita S, Buscarinu M, Calabrese M, Cavalla P, Cellerino M, Cordioli C, Dattola V, De Biase S, De Meo E, Fantozzi R, Gallo A, Iasevoli L, Karabudak R, Landi D, Lorefice L, Moiola L, Ragonese P, Ruscica F, Sen S, Sinisi L, Signoriello E, Toscano S, Verrengia E, Siva A, Masciulli C, Sormani MP, Amato MP. Impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and fetal outcomes in women with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2024:13524585241232266. [PMID: 38456445 DOI: 10.1177/13524585241232266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, maternal COVID-19 is associated with worse maternal and fetal outcomes. Two previous studies have assessed COVID-19 clinical outcomes in pregnant women with multiple sclerosis (MS), but there are no data about maternal and fetal outcomes. OBJECTIVES In this multicenter study, we aimed to assess maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with MS and COVID-19 infection. METHODS We recruited pregnant patients with MS who contracted COVID-19 and were followed up in Italian and Turkish Centers, during 2020-2022. A control group was extracted from a previous Italian cohort. Associations between group (COVID-19 or healthy patients) and clinical outcomes (maternal complications, fetal malformations, and spontaneous abortion) were investigated with a weighted logistic regression where propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) approach was applied for adjusting for difference in baseline confounders. RESULTS In the multivariable analysis, COVID-19 during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of maternal complications (odd ratio (OR) = 2.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.32-3.48; p = 0.002), while it was not associated with higher risk of spontaneous abortion and fetal malformations. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that COVID-19 during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal complications, while it seems to have no significant impact on fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Schiavetti
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Emilio Portaccio
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Ballerini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- II Division, Department of Neurology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Calabrese
- The Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalla
- MS Center, Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Cellerino
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cordioli
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dattola
- MS Center, Bianchi Melacrino Morelli Great Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | - Ermelinda De Meo
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Gallo
- MS Center, I Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rana Karabudak
- Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Lorena Lorefice
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Binaghi Hospital, ASL Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Multiple Sclerosis Center and Neurology Department IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Sedat Sen
- School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Elisabetta Signoriello
- II Division, Department of Neurology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Toscano
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, University Hospital G. Rodolico, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Verrengia
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, ASST OVEST MI, Legnano Hospital, Legnano, Italy
| | - Aksel Siva
- Faculty of Medicine, Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Maria Pia Sormani
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Amato
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
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17
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Boyarchuk O, Perestiuk V, Kosovska T, Volianska L. Coagulation profile in hospitalized children with COVID-19: pediatric age dependency and its impact on long COVID development. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363410. [PMID: 38510249 PMCID: PMC10950941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary endotheliopathy and microvascular immunothrombosis play a key role in acute COVID-19. Moreover, persistent endotheliopathy and heightened coagulability frequently occur in individuals recovering from COVID-19, suggesting the intriguing possibility of their role in the development of long COVID. The aim of our study was to investigate the coagulation profile in patients with COVID-19 based on age and their role in the development of long COVID. Methods We conducted a prospective single-center cohort study from September 2022 to August 2023. The study involved 190 patients younger than 18 years who were hospitalized at the Ternopil City Children's Hospital, Ukraine due to COVID-19. Patients underwent determination of coagulation profile in addition to the general clinical examination. After discharge from the hospital, patients were monitored for the presence of long COVID symptoms. Among the 157 participants who consented for follow-up, 62 patients (39.5%) had long COVID symptoms according to the WHO definition, while the rest (95 patients) did not have symptoms of long COVID (fully recovered). Results The study revealed the normal count of platelets in the majority of patients (86.8%), whereas abnormalities in the coagulation profile were revealed in 94.5% of children with COVID-19, and these changes were age-dependent. The patients were mostly presented with increased activated partial thromboplastin time (69.1%), prothrombin time (PT) (39.8%) and D-dimer (45.0%). There was no significant difference between the median of platelet levels and coagulation profile indicators between the groups with long COVID and recovered. Among children who developed persistent long COVID symptoms there was a statistically higher percentage of abnormal PT values (53% versus 36.1%, p=0.0432), with no significant differences in other coagulation profile indicators. Abnormal PT along with female gender, comorbidities, especially allergic pathology, nutritional disorder, including obesity, were determined as potential risk factors of the long COVID development (Odds ratio - 2.0611; 95% 1.0179-4.1737, p=0.0445). Conclusions The study highlights the need for more extensive research into the coagulation profiles of pediatric populations, considering age-specific factors. This could enhance our understanding of thromboinflammation in COVID-19 and its potential contribution to the development of persistent symptoms.
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18
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Gigase FAJ, Graziani M, Castro J, Lesseur C, Rommel AS, Flores T, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Dolan S, Stone J, Janevic T, Lieb W, Bergink V, de Witte LD. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on Th17 and regulatory T cells in a pregnancy cohort in NYC. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1350288. [PMID: 38504979 PMCID: PMC10948419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1350288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in T-cells, specifically the Th17/Treg balance, have been implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes. We investigated these two T-cell populations following pre-pregnancy and pregnancy SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in 351 participants from a pregnancy cohort in New York City (Generation C; 2020-2022). SARS-CoV-2 infection status was determined via laboratory or medical diagnosis and COVID-19 vaccination status via survey and electronic medical records data. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at routine prenatal visits throughout gestation (median 108 days; IQR 67-191 days) with repeated measures for 104 participants (29.6%). T-cell populations CD4+/CD3+, Th17/CD4+, Treg/CD4+ and the Th17/Treg ratio were quantified using flow cytometry. Results showed that inter-individual differences are a main influencing factor in Th17 and Treg variance, however total variance explained remained small (R2 = 15-39%). Overall, Th17 and Treg populations were not significantly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy in adjusted linear mixed models (p>0.05), however comparison of repeated measures among SARS-CoV-2 infected participants and non-infected controls suggests a relative increase of the Th17/Treg ratio following infection. In addition, the Th17/Treg ratio was significantly higher after SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to pregnancy (10-138 weeks) compared to controls (β=0.48, p=0.003). COVID-19 vaccination was not associated with Th17 and Treg cells. Our findings suggest an impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the Th17/Treg ratio, likely depending on severity of infection, yet the observed trends and their potential consequences for pregnancy outcomes require further investigation. Our study contributes to growing evidence that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy does not lead to an exacerbated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederieke A. J. Gigase
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mara Graziani
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center (UMC), Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Juliana Castro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anna-Sophie Rommel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tammy Flores
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Siobhan Dolan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stamford Health, Stamford, CT, United States
| | - Joanne Stone
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Teresa Janevic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Whitney Lieb
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Veerle Bergink
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Blavatnik Family Women’s Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lot D. de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center (UMC), Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center (UMC), Nijmegen, Netherlands
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19
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Krupka S, Hoffmann A, Jasaszwili M, Dietrich A, Guiu-Jurado E, Klöting N, Blüher M. Consequences of COVID-19 on Adipose Tissue Signatures. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2908. [PMID: 38474155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in 2019, it has been crucial to investigate the causes of severe cases, particularly the higher rates of hospitalization and mortality in individuals with obesity. Previous findings suggest that adipocytes may play a role in adverse COVID-19 outcomes in people with obesity. The impact of COVID-19 vaccination and infection on adipose tissue (AT) is currently unclear. We therefore analyzed 27 paired biopsies of visceral and subcutaneous AT from donors of the Leipzig Obesity BioBank that have been categorized into three groups (1: no infection/no vaccination; 2: no infection but vaccinated; 3: infected and vaccinated) based on COVID-19 antibodies to spike (indicating vaccination) and/or nucleocapsid proteins. We provide additional insights into the impact of COVID-19 on AT biology through a comprehensive histological transcriptome and serum proteome analysis. This study demonstrates that COVID-19 infection is associated with smaller average adipocyte size. The impact of infection on gene expression was significantly more pronounced in subcutaneous than in visceral AT and mainly due to immune system-related processes. Serum proteome analysis revealed the effects of the infection on circulating adiponectin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and carbonic anhydrase 5A (CA5A), which are all related to obesity and blood glucose abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sontje Krupka
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Hoffmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mariami Jasaszwili
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation and Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Esther Guiu-Jurado
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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20
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Youssef MAM, Ahmed ES, Kamal DT, Elsayh KI, Abdelfattah MA, Mahran HH, Embaby MM. Clinical Signs and Treatment of New-Onset Bone Marrow Failure Associated SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Single Institution Prospective Cohort Study. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2024; 16:e2024034. [PMID: 38468844 PMCID: PMC10927230 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2024.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Viral infections can cause direct and indirect damage to hematopoietic stem cells. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency and severity of aplastic anemia in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as recognize the response to treatment. Methodology 13 children with newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial. Blood samples were obtained from all patients to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction to detect SARS-CoV-2 viruses. According to the laboratory results, patients were classified as having SARS-CoV-2 positive antibodies and SARS-CoV-2 negative antibodies. Both groups received combined cyclosporine (CsA) + Eltrombopag (E-PAG). The hematological response, either complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), no response (NR), and overall response (OR) rates of combined E-PAG + CsA treatment after 6 months were evaluated. Results Four children were recognized to have aplastic anemia and SARS-CoV-2 positive antibodies. Two patients fulfilled the hematological criteria for CR and no longer required transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) or platelets, and one had PR and was still PRBC transfusion-dependent but no longer required platelet transfusion. The remaining patient showed NR, and he had died before reaching the top of the HSCT waiting list. Moreover, six patients in the SARS-CoV-2 negative antibodies group had CR, while three patients had PR. The difference in ANC, Hg, and platelet counts between both groups was not significant. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 virus is added to several viral infections known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia. Studies are needed to establish a definitive association and determine whether the response of bone marrow failure to standard therapy differs from that of idiopathic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat A M Youssef
- Children Hospital, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Dalia Tarik Kamal
- Clinical Pathology Department - Faculty of Medicine-Assiut University
| | - Khalid I Elsayh
- Children Hospital, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abdelfattah
- Children Hospital, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hyam Hassan Mahran
- Children Hospital, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Embaby
- Children Hospital, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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21
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Kahn F, Bonander C, Moghaddassi M, Christiansen CB, Bennet L, Malmqvist U, Inghammar M, Björk J. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infections and their impact on the protection from reinfection during the Omicron BA.5 wave - a nested case-control study among vaccinated adults in Sweden. IJID Reg 2024; 10:235-239. [PMID: 38532742 PMCID: PMC10964055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives We evaluated the protection afforded by SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced immunity against reinfection among working-age vaccinated individuals during a calendar period from June to December 2022 when Omicron BA.5 was the dominating subvariant in Scania County, Sweden. Methods The study cohort (n = 71,592) mainly consisted of health care workers. We analyzed 4144 infected cases during the Omicron BA.5 dominance and 41,440 sex- and age-matched controls with conditional logistic regression. Results The average protection against reinfection was marginal (16%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7-23%) during the study period but substantially higher for recent infections. Recent infection (3-6 months) with Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 offered strong protection (86%, 95% CI 68-94% and 78%, 95% CI 69-84%), whereas more distant infection (6-12 months) with Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and the variants before Omicron offered marginal or no protection. Conclusions These findings suggest that infection-induced immunity contributes to short-term population protection against infection with the subvariant BA.5 among working-age vaccinated individuals but wanes considerably with time, independent of the virus variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Kahn
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section for Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Bonander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mahnaz Moghaddassi
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Section for Social Medicine and Global Health, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claus Bohn Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Control, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Bennet
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Section for Family Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Malmqvist
- Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Inghammar
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section for Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Ikenouchi H, Suzuki K, Sato A, Yamamoto N, Miyamoto T, Endo K. A case of meningoencephalitis caused by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adult SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:263-265. [PMID: 37863259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
A 37-year-old woman was hospitalized with fever and consciousness disturbance. She showed systemic inflammation with stress cardiomyopathy. Brain computed tomography showed diffuse brain edema. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings revealed markedly elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure with pleocytosis, elevated protein, and elevated interleukin 6. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nicking enzyme amplification reaction test using a nasopharyngeal swab was positive, and the patient was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. From the negative result of the CSF SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test and no findings of bacterial or viral infection, we diagnosed meningoencephalitis by multisystem inflammation syndrome in adults (MIS-A). Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy improved her symptoms and brain edema. There have been no cases of MIS-A with meningoencephalitis, and no initial treatment strategy has been established, especially in emergency cases of suspected MIS-A. The present case suggested Early intravenous methylprednisolone pulse with anti-coronaviral therapies after the exclusion of bacterial infection would be useful in suspected MIS-A with emergent meningoencephalitis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Ikenouchi
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sato
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Miyamoto
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan
| | - Kaoru Endo
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-Nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8502, Japan
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23
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Nakagawara K, Shiraishi Y, Chubachi S, Tanabe N, Maetani T, Asakura T, Namkoong H, Tanaka H, Shimada T, Azekawa S, Otake S, Fukushima T, Watase M, Terai H, Sasaki M, Ueda S, Kato Y, Harada N, Suzuki S, Yoshida S, Tateno H, Yamada Y, Jinzaki M, Hirai T, Okada Y, Koike R, Ishii M, Kimura A, Imoto S, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Kanai T, Fukunaga K. Integrated assessment of computed tomography density in pectoralis and erector spinae muscles as a prognostic biomarker for coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:815-824. [PMID: 38350289 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Muscle quantification using chest computed tomography (CT) is a useful prognostic biomarker for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, no studies have evaluated the clinical course through comprehensive assessment of the pectoralis and erector spinae muscles. Therefore, we compared the impact of the areas and densities of these muscles on COVID-19 infection outcome. METHODS This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted by the COVID-19 Task Force. A total of 1410 patients with COVID-19 were included, and data on the area and density of the pectoralis and erector spinae muscles on chest CT were collected. The impact of each muscle parameter on the clinical outcome of COVID-19 was stratified according to sex. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients with severe disease, including those requiring oxygen supplementation and those who died. Additionally, 167 patients were followed up for changes in muscle parameters at three months and for the clinical characteristics in case of reduced CT density. RESULTS For both muscles, low density rather than muscle area was associated with COVID-19 severity. Regardless of sex, lower erector spinae muscle density was associated with more severe disease than pectoralis muscle density. The muscles were divided into two groups using the receiver operating characteristic curve of CT density, and the population was classified into four (Group A: high CT density for both muscles, Group B: low CT density for pectoralis and high for erector spinae muscle. Group C: high CT density for pectoralis and low for erector spinae muscle, Group D: low CT density for both muscles). In univariate analysis, Group D patients exhibited worse outcomes than Group A (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 2.03-4.34 in men; OR: 3.02, 95% CI: 2.66-10.4 in women). Multivariate analysis revealed that men in Group D had a significantly more severe prognosis than those in Group A (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.16-2.87). Moreover, Group D patients tended to have the highest incidence of other complications due to secondary infections and acute kidney injury during the clinical course. Longitudinal analysis of both muscle densities over three months revealed that patients with decreased muscle density over time were more likely to have severe cases than those who did not. CONCLUSIONS Muscle density, rather than muscle area, predicts the clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Integrated assessment of pectoralis and erector spinae muscle densities demonstrated higher accuracy in predicting the clinical course of COVID-19 than individual assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Nakagawara
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiraishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shotaro Chubachi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Naoya Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Maetani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Medicine (Laboratory of Bioregulatory Medicine), Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Namkoong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Tanaka
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimada
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Azekawa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Otake
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukushima
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Watase
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Terai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Sasaki
- Internal Medicine, JCHO (Japan Community Health Care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ueda
- Internal Medicine, JCHO (Japan Community Health Care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yukari Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tateno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Yamada
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Jinzaki
- Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuji Koike
- Medical Innovation Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akinori Kimura
- Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Assylbek MI, Kocyigit BF, Yessirkepov M, Zimba O. Post-stroke rehabilitation in the peri-pandemic COVID-19 era. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:399-411. [PMID: 38253904 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which arose in late 2019, caused extensive destruction, impacting a substantial proportion of the worldwide population and leading to millions of deaths. Although COVID-19 is mainly linked to respiratory and pulmonary complications, it has the potential to affect neurologic structures as well. Neurological involvement may manifest as minimal and reversible; however, a notable proportion of cases have exhibited pronounced neurological consequences, such as strokes. Endothelial inflammation, hypercoagulation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system alterations, and cardiogenic embolism are the pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke under COVID-19 circumstances. Physical activity and exercise have improved several aspects of post-stroke recovery, including cardiovascular health, walking capacity, and upper limb strength. They are commonly used to assist stroke survivors in overcoming their motor restrictions. Furthermore, stroke rehabilitation can incorporate a range of specific techniques, including body-weight-supported treadmill applications, constraint-induced movement therapy, robotic rehabilitation interventions, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and prism adaptation training. Under pandemic conditions, there were several barriers to neurological rehabilitation. The most significant of these were individual's fear of infection, which caused them to postpone their rehabilitation applications and rehabilitation areas being converted into COVID-19 units. The primary emphasis had turned to COVID-19 treatment. Several valuable data and views were gained in reorganizing rehabilitation during the pandemic, contributing to establishing future views in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirgul I Assylbek
- Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Neurosurgery and Rehabilitation, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
- Department of Social Health Insurance and Public Health, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
- Medical Center ''Mediker'', Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - Burhan Fatih Kocyigit
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Adana Health Practice and Research Center, University of Health Sciences, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Marlen Yessirkepov
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - Olena Zimba
- Department of Clinical Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine N2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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25
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Ma L, Yao Y, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Zhang L, Qiao P, Kang J, Ren C, Xie W, Liang R, Wu H, Liu Z, Ma Y. SARS-CoV-2 infection negatively impacts on the quality of embryos by delaying early embryonic development. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13831. [PMID: 38444103 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented health crisis that has affected in vitro fertilization practices globally. Previous studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 impacts the quality of embryos by inducing an immunological response in infertile patients. In this study, the early embryonic development of SARS-CoV-2-infected infertile patients was investigated. METHODS Sixty-five SARS-CoV-2 infected infertile patients and 258 controls were involved in this study. The major outcome parameters for the cycle were analyzed, including the number of oocytes, maturation oocytes, available embryos per cycle, and embryo morpho kinetic characteristics. RESULTS From SARS-CoV-2 infection until oocyte retrieval, it took an average of 6.63 days. The results revealed that the number of oocytes and high-quality embryos on day 3 dramatically reduced in SARS-CoV-2-infected infertile patients. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the follicular fluid of three infertile patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection had negatively impacted the number of oocytes in multivariate linear regression models. The early embryonic development in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group had a noticeable delay from the six-cell stage to blastocyst stage. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 infection reduced the number of oocytes and high-quality embryos on day 3. It delays the early embryonic development from the six-cell stage to blastocyst stage and has a negative impact on the quality of embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation (Hainan Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yufei Yao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation (Hainan Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qinzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yanhua Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation (Hainan Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Liuguang Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Haikou Mary Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Pengyun Qiao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinyu Kang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation (Hainan Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chune Ren
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenling Xie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rongwei Liang
- Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qinzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Hongbo Wu
- Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qinzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation (Hainan Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
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26
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Mora AM, Kogut K, Sandhu NK, Ridgway D, Patty CM, Renteria M, Morga N, Rodriguez MT, Romero M, Valdovinos JM, Torres-Nguyen A, Guzman O, Martinez M, Doty RL, Padilla A, Flores E, Brown PM, Eskenazi B. SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID among California farmworkers. J Rural Health 2024; 40:292-302. [PMID: 37715721 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of long COVID and identify its clinical manifestations among farmworkers in California. METHODS We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometrics, clinical chemistries and anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies, self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection history, and standardized health tests and scales from 297 farmworkers in California between February and July 2022. RESULTS Most participants were born in Mexico or Central America, had less than a high school diploma, and were overweight or obese. The prevalence of long COVID (defined as self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection with symptoms >28 days) among farmworkers with a suspected or test-confirmed infection was 61.8%. Participants with long COVID had higher mean [95% CI] body mass index (32.9 [31.6-34.1]) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (4.8 [3.7, 6.0]) than those with no COVID-19 history (30.5 [29.3-31.7], and 3.3 [2.2, 4.3], respectively). Farmworkers with long COVID also reported greater fatigue, dyspnea, taste and smell problems, and overall poorer mental and physical health, than those with no COVID-19 history. Farmworkers with long COVID had increased odds of functional limitations compared to those with a self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection with symptoms ≤28 days (OR [95% CI]: 7.46 [3.26, 17.09]). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of farmworkers experience long COVID with persistent symptoms that limit their ability to perform their work. A comprehensive approach that addresses the unique needs and challenges of farmworkers is warranted given this population's high prevalence of long COVID and the essential nature of their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Mora
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Nimrat K Sandhu
- Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Derry Ridgway
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Chris M Patty
- Kaweah Health Medical Center, Visalia, California, USA
| | - Melissa Renteria
- Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Norma Morga
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Maria T Rodriguez
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Monica Romero
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jose M Valdovinos
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Omar Guzman
- Kaweah Health Medical Center, Visalia, California, USA
| | | | - Richard L Doty
- Smell and Taste Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ana Padilla
- Community and Labor Center, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Edward Flores
- Community and Labor Center, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Paul M Brown
- Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Chen H, Chen S, Liu L, Fang Y, Liang X, Liang D, Su L, Peng W, Zhou X, Luo J, Wang Z. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection among Chinese adults in the "living with COVID" era. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25803. [PMID: 38379961 PMCID: PMC10877243 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to examine the correlation between the status of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination and self-reported confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults after China entered the "living with COVID" era. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among parents or guardians of students attending all 220 kindergartens and 105 primary or secondary schools in Longhua District of Shenzhen, China during March 1 to 9, 2023. The participating schools invited all parents or guardians of their students to complete the online survey. The study focused on a sub-sample of 68,584 participants who were either unvaccinated (n = 2152) or only receiving inactivated COVID-19 vaccination (n = 66,432). Logistic regression was employed for data analysis. Prior to the implementation of the "living with COVID" policy, 83.5% of the participants received three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines; 63.0% reported being infected with the SARS-CoV-2 after the policy change. In a multivariate analysis, participants who had received a third dose within the past 6 months were less likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, as compared to those who had not completed the primary vaccination series (4-6 months: AOR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.77, 0.92; ≤3 months: AOR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.73, 0.92). Despite the high coverage, our results suggested that three doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines did not provide adequate protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection among Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Chen
- Department Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Disease Control, Longgang District Nanwan Centre for Public Health, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongmei Liang
- Department of Environmental and School Health Supervision, Baoan District Centre for Public Health, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Lixian Su
- Department of Child Healthcare, Shenzhen Futian District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518045, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Jingwei Luo
- Department Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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28
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Mak LY, Chung MSH, Li X, Lai FTT, Wan EYF, Chui CSL, Cheng FWT, Chan EWY, Cheung CL, Au ICH, Xiong X, Seto WK, Yuen MF, Wong CKH, Wong ICK. Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on incidence and treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma in people with chronic liver disease. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:211-228. [PMID: 38495273 PMCID: PMC10941734 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease (CLD) was associated with adverse clinical outcomes among people with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. AIM To determine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the incidence and treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with CLD. METHODS A retrospective, territory-wide cohort of CLD patients was identified from an electronic health database in Hong Kong. Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)+CLD] between January 1, 2020 and October 25, 2022 were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity-score with those without (COVID-19-CLD). Each patient was followed up until death, outcome event, or November 15, 2022. Primary outcome was incidence of HCC. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, adverse hepatic outcomes, and different treatment strategies to HCC (curative, non-curative treatment, and palliative care). Analyses were further stratified by acute (within 20 d) and post-acute (21 d or beyond) phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by Poisson regression models. RESULTS Of 193589 CLD patients (> 95% non-cirrhotic) in the cohort, 55163 patients with COVID-19+CLD and 55163 patients with COVID-19-CLD were included after 1:1 propensity-score matching. Upon 249-d median follow-up, COVID-19+CLD was not associated with increased risk of incident HCC (IRR: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.99-1.42, P = 0.06), but higher risks of receiving palliative care for HCC (IRR: 1.60, 95%CI: 1.46-1.75, P < 0.001), compared to COVID-19-CLD. In both acute and post-acute phases of infection, COVID-19+CLD were associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (acute: IRR: 7.06, 95%CI: 5.78-8.63, P < 0.001; post-acute: IRR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.14-1.36, P < 0.001) and adverse hepatic outcomes (acute: IRR: 1.98, 95%CI: 1.79-2.18, P < 0.001; post-acute: IRR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.13-1.35, P < 0.001), compared to COVID-19-CLD. CONCLUSION Although CLD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were not associated with increased risk of HCC, they were more likely to receive palliative treatment than those without. The detrimental effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection persisted in post-acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthew Shing Hin Chung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Yuk Fai Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Celine Sze Ling Chui
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Franco Wing Tak Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Esther Wai Yin Chan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ching Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan Chi Ho Au
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carlos King Ho Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Aston School of Pharmacy, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
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29
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Sumner KM, Yadav R, Noble EK, Sandford R, Joshi D, Tartof SY, Wernli KJ, Martin ET, Gaglani M, Zimmerman RK, Talbot HK, Grijalva CG, Belongia EA, Chung JR, Rogier E, Coughlin MM, Flannery B. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels Associated with COVID-19 Protection in Outpatients Tested for SARS-CoV-2, US Flu VE Network, October 2021-June 2022. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae090. [PMID: 38390968 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed associations between binding antibody (bAb) concentration <5 days of symptom onset and testing positive for COVID-19 among patients in a test-negative study. METHODS From October 2021─June 2022, study sites in seven states enrolled patients aged ≥6 months presenting with acute respiratory illness. Respiratory specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2. In blood specimens, we measured concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the ancestral strain spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens in standardized binding antibody units (BAU/mL). Percent change in odds of COVID-19 by increasing anti-RBD bAb was estimated using logistic regression as (1-adjusted odds ratio of COVID-19)x100, adjusting for COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses, age, site, and high-risk exposure. RESULTS Out of 2,018 symptomatic patients, 662 (33%) tested positive for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Geometric mean RBD bAb were lower among COVID-19 cases than SARS-CoV-2 test-negative patients during both the Delta-predominant (112 vs. 498 BAU/mL) and Omicron-predominant (823 vs. 1,189 BAU/mL) periods. Acute phase ancestral spike RBD bAb associated with 50% lower odds of COVID-19 were 1,968 BAU/mL against Delta and 3,375 BAU/mL against Omicron; thresholds may differ in other laboratories. CONCLUSION During acute illness, antibody concentrations against ancestral spike RBD were associated with protection against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Sumner
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ruchi Yadav
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emma K Noble
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ryan Sandford
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Devyani Joshi
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sara Y Tartof
- Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Karen J Wernli
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily T Martin
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manjusha Gaglani
- Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine - Temple, Temple, TX, USA
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
| | | | - H Keipp Talbot
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Jessie R Chung
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric Rogier
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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30
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Skhvitaridze N, Gamkrelidze A, Manjavidze T, Brenn T, Rylander C. SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and the risk of adverse maternal outcomes in the Republic of Georgia: a national birth registry-based cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 38388360 PMCID: PMC10882809 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Georgia experienced an increase in maternal deaths (MD) during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which warrants further investigation. This study aimed to assess associations between timing of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and MD, post-delivery intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and caesarean section (CS) delivery. METHODS We performed a national birth registry-based cohort study of pregnant women who had completed 22 weeks of gestation and delivered between February 28, 2020, and August 31, 2022. The data were linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing, vital, and immunization registries. Pregnant women were classified into three groups: confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from conception through 31 days before delivery; confirmed infection within 30 days before or at delivery; and women negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection or without any test results (reference group). Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among 111,493 pregnant women, 16,751 had confirmed infection during pregnancy, and 7,332 were fully vaccinated against COVID-19 before delivery. Compared to the reference group, those with confirmed infection within 30 days before or at delivery experienced increased odds of MD (aOR: 43.11, 95% CI, 21.99-84.55), post-delivery ICU admission (aOR: 5.20, 95% CI, 4.05-6.67), and CS delivery (aOR: 1.11, 95% CI, 1.03-1.20). CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women in Georgia with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 30 days before or at delivery experienced a considerably higher risk of MD and post-delivery ICU admission and a slightly higher risk for CS delivery. Additionally, the results highlighted that most pregnant women were not vaccinated against COVID-19. These findings should alert stakeholders that adherence to public health preventive measures needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natia Skhvitaridze
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Langnes, Tromsø, PO Box 6050, Norway.
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, 99 Kakheti highway, Tbilisi, Georgia.
- The University of Georgia, 77a Kostava Street, Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | | | - Tinatin Manjavidze
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Langnes, Tromsø, PO Box 6050, Norway
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, 99 Kakheti highway, Tbilisi, Georgia
- The University of Georgia, 77a Kostava Street, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tormod Brenn
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Langnes, Tromsø, PO Box 6050, Norway
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Langnes, Tromsø, PO Box 6050, Norway
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Song Y, Lou L, Zhang K. A review of the clinical characteristics and management of immunosuppressed patients living with HIV or solid organ transplants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1327093. [PMID: 38454994 PMCID: PMC10917969 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1327093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) omicron strain was first detected in South Africa in November 2021. Although clinical responses to SARS-CoV-2 depend on host immunity, it remains uncertain how immunosuppression affects subsequent coronavirus disease 2019-related (COVID-19-related) incidence, severity, and mortality, especially with respect to the omicron strain. Conversely, immunosuppressants are often thought to predispose to infection. To explore the associations between host immunity and infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants, here we discuss two groups of immunosuppressed patients: organ transplant recipients, who generally receive exogenous immunosuppressants, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients, who often have disease-related immunosuppression. In summarizing the clinical features and prognoses of HIV-infected patients and human organ transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants, we provide new insights into the pathogenesis of omicron SARS-CoV-2 and provide a framework for the management of these patients now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Lixin Lou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Vallejo BÁ, Lobo AH, García IC, Pérez TB, Mino-Leon G, Pazmiño JRS, Lorenzana JWJ, Drummond T, Del Socorro Pavía Ruz NM, Del Rocío Muñoz Hernández M, Pérez DMM, Estripeaut D, Luciani K, Martínez KSE, Villatoro LGC, Madrigal OP, Ivankovich-Escoto G, Tato LMP, Gómez MLN. Follow-up for 3 years of a pediatric population diagnosed in 2018 with mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin American countries in the PLANTAIDS cohort. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:222. [PMID: 38374000 PMCID: PMC10877911 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The frequency of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America has decreased considerably. However, new infections continue to be recorded, and the pediatric population remains one of the most vulnerable groups in this region. The main objective of the study was to describe the clinical, epidemiological and psychosocial characteristics of new diagnoses of HIV MTCT in 2018 in the PLANTAIDS network (Paediatric Network for Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment of HIV in Children) during the 3 years following diagnosis. METHODOLOGY Retrospective, multicenter, descriptive study based on a 3-year follow-up of patients diagnosed with HIV infection due to MTCT in 2018 in 10 hospitals in 8 Latin American countries (Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, Panama, Guatemala and Venezuela). The hospitals belonged to the PLANTAIDS network, which is included in CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development). RESULTS The study population comprised 72 pediatric patients (38.9% male). The median age at diagnosis was 2.4 years (IQR: 0.8-5.4). There were 35 cases of opportunistic infections corresponding to 25 patients (34.7%), with tuberculosis being the most common. Adequate childhood vaccination coverage was achieved in 80.5%. There were 3 cases of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and these were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification, the most frequent clinical-immunological stage at all check-ups was C1. Three patients died from opportunistic infections and/or advanced HIV infection. CONCLUSIONS It is important to diagnose HIV infection early in pediatrics, since early initiation of ART is associated with a decrease in mortality. Despite this, HIV infection has a poor prognosis in children, necessitating adequate follow-up to ensure adherence to health care and ART, although it can sometimes prove difficult in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Álvarez Vallejo
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department. Hospital Clínico, Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alicia Hernanz Lobo
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- RITIP Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tomás Bruno Pérez
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Greta Mino-Leon
- Infectious Diseases Service. Hospital del Niño Dr, Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Judith Rosabel Soffe Pazmiño
- Infectious Diseases Service. Hospital del Niño Dr, Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Julio Werner Juarez Lorenzana
- Unidad de Atención Integral del VIH e Infecciones Crónicas. Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala City, Guatemala
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Tatiana Drummond
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Service. Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Caracas Capital District, Venezuela
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Noris Marlene Del Socorro Pavía Ruz
- Paediatric HIV/AIDS Clinic, UNAM/HGM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - María Del Rocío Muñoz Hernández
- Paediatric HIV/AIDS Clinic, UNAM/HGM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Dulce María Morales Pérez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, CLINDI, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, México
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Dora Estripeaut
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Service, Hospital del Niño Dr. José Renán Esquivel, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) de la Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENACYT), Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Kathia Luciani
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Service, Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas Omar Torrijos Herrera, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Karen Sobeida Erazo Martínez
- Department of Paediatrics., Hospital Dr Mario Catarino Rivas, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Luis Guillermo Castaneda Villatoro
- Pediatric HIV/AIDS Clinic, Hospital Nacional de Niños Benjamín Bloom, San Salvador, El Salvador
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Oscar Porras Madrigal
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera, San José, Costa Rica
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Gabriela Ivankovich-Escoto
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera, San José, Costa Rica
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - Luis Manuel Prieto Tato
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
| | - María Luisa Navarro Gómez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- RITIP Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- CYTED (Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development)
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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Gentry CA, Nguyen PN, Thind SK, Kurdgelashvili G, Williams RJ. Characteristics and Outcomes of US Veterans With Immunocompromised Conditions at High Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection With or Without Receipt of Oral Antiviral Agents. Clin Infect Dis 2024; 78:330-337. [PMID: 37619991 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir were the first oral antiviral agents to demonstrate reduced hospitalization or death in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but patients with immunocompromised conditions were not well-represented. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the clinical outcomes of US veterans with immunocompromised conditions prescribed oral antivirals with those who did not receive oral antivirals for mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 active infection. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational, nationwide propensity-matched analysis of US veterans with immunocompromised conditions who developed documented SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome was the composite of any hospitalization or death within 30 days of diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included 30-day comparative rates of (1) any hospitalization, (2) death, (3) intensive care requirement, and (4) subset analyses of outcomes by oral antiviral used and vaccination status. RESULTS The composite primary outcome was significantly lower in patients receiving oral antiviral therapy compared with those who did not (23/390 [5.9%] vs 57/390 [14.6%]; odds ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, .22-.61). This difference was driven largely by fewer deaths in the oral antiviral group (1/390 [0.3%] vs 19/390 [4.9%]; odds ratio, 0.05; 95% confidence interval, .007-.38). There was no significant difference in rate of intensive care requirement. The composite outcome was improved in vaccinated patients (completing the first series or first booster dose) who received oral antiviral agents compared with those who did not receive oral antiviral agents. Compared with those prescribed nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, patients given molnupiravir were older, had a higher incidence of cautions/contraindications, greater prevalence of tobacco use, and more cardiovascular complications. CONCLUSIONS Use of molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was associated with lower incidences of hospitalization or death within 30 days of diagnosis in US veterans with immunocompromised conditions, regardless of vaccination status. These findings support the use of either oral antiviral in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Gentry
- Chief of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Service, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Phoi N Nguyen
- PGY2 Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Resident, Pharmacy Service, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Sharanjeet K Thind
- Infectious Diseases Section Chief, Medical Service, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - George Kurdgelashvili
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Chief of Medicine, Medical Service, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Riley J Williams
- Infectious Diseases, Pharmacy Service, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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Xiao X. The mechanistic insights into new-onset atrial fibrillation induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Int J Cardiol 2024; 397:131587. [PMID: 37956761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Xiao
- Department of cardiology, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410001, China.
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Vita S, D’Abramo A, Coppola A, Farroni C, Iori AP, Faraglia F, Sette A, Grifoni A, Lindestam Arlehamn C, Bibas M, Goletti D, Nicastri E. Combined antiviral therapy as effective and feasible option in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during SARS-COV-2 infection: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1290614. [PMID: 38414746 PMCID: PMC10896944 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1290614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we describe the case of a 51 years old Italian woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who underwent to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) during SARS-COV-2 infection. She presented a prolonged COVID-19 successfully treated with dual anti SARS-COV-2 antiviral plus monoclonal antibody therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Vita
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra D’Abramo
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppola
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Farroni
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Iori
- Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Faraglia
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cecilia Lindestam Arlehamn
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michele Bibas
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’ Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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Popescu DE, Roșca I, Jura AMC, Cioca A, Pop O, Lungu N, Popa ZL, Rațiu A, Boia M. Prompt Placental Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Assessment after SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy-Our Perspective of a Small Group. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1836. [PMID: 38339114 PMCID: PMC10855253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Research indicates compelling evidence of SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission as a result of placental pathology. This study offers an approach to histopathological and immunohistochemical placental observations from SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers compared to negative ones. Out of the 44 examined placentas, 24 were collected from patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and 20 were collected from patients without infection. The disease group showed strong SARS-CoV-2 positivity of the membranes, trophoblasts, and fetal villous macrophages. Most infections occurred during the third trimester of pregnancy (66.6%). Pathology revealed areas consistent with avascular villi (AV) and thrombi in the chorionic vessels and umbilical cord in the positive group, suggesting fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM). This study shows SARS-CoV-2 has an impact on coagulation, demonstrated by fetal thrombotic vasculopathy (p = 0.01) and fibrin deposition (p = 0.01). Other observed features included infarction (17%), perivillous fibrin deposition (29%), intervillous fibrin (25%), delayed placental maturation (8.3%), chorangiosis (13%), chorioamnionitis (8.3%), and meconium (21%). The negative control group revealed only one case of placental infarction (5%), intervillous fibrin (5%), delayed placental maturation (5%), and chorioamnionitis (5%) and two cases of meconium (19%). Our study sheds light on the changes and differences that occurred in placentas from SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers and the control group. Further research is necessary to definitively establish whether SARS-CoV-2 is the primary culprit behind these intricate complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Eugenia Popescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Department of Neonatology, Premiere Hospital, Regina Maria Health Network, Calea Aradului, No. 113, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Roșca
- Faculty of Midwifery and Nursery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Cristina Jura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Cioca
- Department of Pathology, Premiere Hospital, Regina Maria Health Network, Calea Aradului, No. 113, 300645 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Ovidiu Pop
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Oradea, Universității Street, No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Lungu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Zoran-Laurențiu Popa
- Department XII Obstetrics and Gynecology—Obstetrics and Gynecology III, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Rațiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Mărioara Boia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
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Rizzi G, Pacifico D, Sabatini S, Annoni AM, Mele F, Jovic S, Piccoli L, Corna L, Amati R, Pertoldi W, Fiordelli M, Sallusto F, Albanese E. SARS-CoV-2 infection and cognition in community-dwelling and nursing home residents in southern Switzerland. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 35:100701. [PMID: 38107020 PMCID: PMC10724488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 patients can report 'brain fog' and may exhibit cognitive symptoms for months after recovery (Cognitive COVID). However, evidence on whether and the extent to which SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts cognition irrespective of COVID-19 course and severity is limited to clinical samples and mainly comes from prognostic studies. We aimed to explore the association between serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and cognitive functioning in community-based and institutionalized older adults, irrespective of COVID-19 symptoms. Methods We conducted a case-control study nested into two cohorts in Southern Switzerland. Eligible subjects were Italian speaking older adults, without a previous diagnosis of dementia, who underwent serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies between November 2020 and July 2021. We manually selected age-, sex- and education-matched cases (i.e., individuals with a serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection), with seronegative controls, and we conducted in-person neuropsychological assessments using validated, highly sensitive cognitive tests. Results We completed 38 neuropsychological assessments in a mostly female sample of older adults (Mean age: 83.13 ± 8.95; 86.8% women). 17 were community dwelling individuals while 21 lived in a nursing home. As expected, socio-demographic characteristics of age, gender and educational level were similarly distributed between cases (n = 14) and controls (n = 24). In linear regression models, cases had significantly lower scores in cognitive tasks of memory (β = -0.367, p = 0.023), attention (β = 0.428, p = 0.008) and executive functions (β = 0.326, p = 0.046). We found no significant difference in tests of language and spatial-temporal orientation (all p values > 0.05). Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with cognitive impairment in memory, attention, and executive functions in older adults. Our findings are consistent with mechanistic evidence of the neurotropism of the virus and provide empirical support for the "Cognitive COVID" construct also in non-clinical samples. With nearly 800 million COVID-19 cases (in April 2023), and many more infections worldwide, the clinical and public health implications of Cognitive COVID due to SARS-CoV-2 infection may be massive and warrant further epidemiological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Rizzi
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Pacifico
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Serena Sabatini
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Maria Annoni
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Federico Mele
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Jovic
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Piccoli
- Humabs BioMed SA, a Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Corna
- Centre of Competence on Ageing, Department of Business Economics, Health & Social Care, University of Applied Sciences & Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Amati
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Maddalena Fiordelli
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Lu DE, Ou TY, Kang JW, Ong JY, Chen IJ, Lee CH, Lee MC. The association between tocilizumab and the secondary bloodstream infection maybe nonsignificant in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A cohort study. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2024; 57:38-47. [PMID: 37951803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulatory agents, such as tocilizumab (TCZ), exert promising effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, growing evidence indicates that using TCZ may carry higher risks of secondary bloodstream infection (sBSI). This study determined whether TCZ is associated with an increased risk of sBSI. METHODS We retrospectively collected the demographic and clinical data of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from two Taiwanese hospitals. The time-to-incident sBSI in the TCZ users and nonusers was compared using the log-rank test. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify independent risk factors for sBSI. RESULTS Between May 1 and August 31, 2021, among 453 patients enrolled, 12 (2.65 %) developed sBSI. These patients were in hospital for longer duration (44.2 ± 31.4 vs. 17.6 ± 14.3 days, p = 0.014). Despite sBSI being more prevalent among the TCZ users (7.1 % vs. 1.6 %, p = 0.005), Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model both revealed no significant difference in risks of sBSI between the TCZ users and nonusers [adjusted HR (aHR) = 1.32 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.29-6.05), p = 0.724]. Female sex [aHR = 7.00 (95 % CI = 1.45-33.92), p = 0.016], heavy drinking [aHR = 5.39 (95 % CI = 1.01-28.89), p = 0.049], and mechanical ventilation [aHR = 5.65 (95 % CI = 1.67-19.30), p = 0.006] were independently associated with a higher sBSI risk. CONCLUSION This real-world evidence indicates that in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, TCZ does not significantly increase the risk of sBSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-En Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsong-Yih Ou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jyun-Wei Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Jie Ywi Ong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chia Lee
- Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare and Management, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, New Taipei City Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ehsan L, Thoe JA, Parent JJ, Fakhoury JD. Chylothorax related to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with Noonan syndrome with prior uncomplicated cardiac surgeries. Cardiol Young 2024; 34:448-451. [PMID: 38131139 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123004171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that has rarely been associated with chylothorax. Patients with Noonan syndrome are at risk for developing chylothorax, especially after cardiothoracic interventions. We present the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection triggering the underlying tendency of a patient with Noonan syndrome to develop chylothorax who did not develop it even after prior cardiothoracic interventions. Patient presented in respiratory distress without hypoxia and was found, on imaging, to have a large right-sided pleural effusion, which was eventually classified as chylothorax. The patient was then started on a low-fat diet. Chest tube drainage substantially reduced the effusion in size, and it remained stable. Our report highlights that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause the development of a chylothorax or a chylous effusion in patients with Noonan syndrome or among populations with a similar predisposition. A high index of suspicion in vulnerable patients or those not responding to traditional therapy should exist with providers, thus leading to the testing of the fluid to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubaina Ehsan
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D, School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Jessica A Thoe
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John J Parent
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph D Fakhoury
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D, School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
- Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Bronson Children's Hospital, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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Angeletti PM, Marchi S, Trombetta CM, Altobelli E. Flu vaccine administration in the period before SARS-CoV-2 infection and its outcomes: An umbrella review. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102575. [PMID: 38283956 PMCID: PMC10820254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The potential association between influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and related outcomes is still controversial. The aim of this umbrella review is to represent the impact of previous influenza vaccination and COVID-19 outcomes using evidence currently available in literature. Methods A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was conducted. The paper selection was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) method by two-blinded authors. The quality of meta-analyses was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 scale (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews). The outcomes investigated were SARS-CoV-2 infection after influenza vaccination, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality. Results The literature research identified 7 ecological studies and 6 meta-analyses. All the ecological studies show a negative relationship between influenza vaccination and COVID-19. The meta-analyses suggest a protective action of influenza vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Regarding the outcomes evaluated, only two studies reported a statistically significant reduction of 12% and of 17% in hospitalization and intensive care unit admission, respectively. Regarding mechanical ventilation, three studies showed a risk reduction of 31%, 27% and 28%. A substantial reduction of mortality risk was also observed in one study. Conclusions These results suggest that influenza vaccination could be associated with reduced susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, mechanical ventilation and mortality. Our findings highlighted how the administration of flu vaccine in subjects at risk could lead to a reduction in mortality, particularly in the over 65y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Matteo Angeletti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Coppito (AQ), Italy
- Cardiovascular Department, UO of Cardiac Anesthesia of the IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Emma Altobelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Coppito (AQ), Italy
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Finsterer J. In patients with neurological complications, SARS-CoV-2 infection must be confirmed by PCR. Brain Dev 2024; 46:122-123. [PMID: 38057217 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
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Kennedy B, Ashokan A, Lim CK, Lagana D, Juraja M, Shaw D. Designed for a pandemic: Mitigating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through hospital design and infrastructure. Infect Dis Health 2024; 29:25-31. [PMID: 37806908 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the new Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) design and infrastructure features that helped mitigate the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission within the hospital during the pre-vaccination and pre-antiviral period. METHOD The RAH infrastructure, design and initial pandemic response was assessed. A retrospective review of all confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted from 1 February 2020 to 30 May 2020 was also performed to assess risk of transmission. Outbreak response reports were reviewed to identify episodes of nosocomial COVID-19. RESULTS Key infrastructure features include single-bed overnight rooms with dedicated bathrooms, creation of pandemic areas accessible only to pandemic staff, and sophisticated air-handling units with improved ventilation. A total of 264 COVID-19 related admission occurred, with 113 confirmed cases and 1579 total cumulative bed days. Despite a limited understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, no vaccination or anti-viral therapy, global shortages of particulate filter respirators and restricted testing during this period, only one probable nosocomial COVID-19 case occurred in a healthcare worker, with no nosocomial cases involving patients. CONCLUSIONS The RAH design and pandemic features complimented existing infection control interventions and was important in limiting nosocomial spread of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Kennedy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Anushia Ashokan
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Diana Lagana
- Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marija Juraja
- Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David Shaw
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Zerrouki D, Assarrar I, Rami I, Rouf S, Latrech H. Coronavirus as a trigger of lymphocytic hypophysitis in an adolescent girl: An exceptional case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 115:109218. [PMID: 38199020 PMCID: PMC10824777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Lymphocytic hypophysitis is an underestimated disease and the pathogenesis is still poorly elucidated. Post-coronavirus lymphocytic hypophysitis is a new emerging entity. CASE PRESENTATION A 16-year-old previously healthy girl presented with pituitary tumor syndrome. She suffered from frontal headaches, polyuria-polydipsic syndrome, and impaired visual acuity. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection three weeks before. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed pituitary enlargement with intense homogenous enhancement postgadolinium on T1 weighted images. The diagnosis of lymphocytic hypophysitis was made after ruling out other differential diagnosis. She was started on methylprednisolone. Improvement of clinical symptoms was seen on day 5 with a significant decrease in headache intensity. CLINICAL DISCUSSION The article summarizes data from cases reported in the literature and our case to highlight coronavirus as a new trigger of lymphocytic hypophysitis. Despite the rarity of this complication, patients with a suspicion of hypophysitis after a recent COVID-19 infection should be carefully evaluated. CONCLUSION COVID-19 infection can cause lymphocytic hypophysitis. However, it seems premature to conclude on the causal link between COVID-19 and endocrine diseases. Further studies on larger samples are needed to comprehend the pathogenesis of autoimmune endocrinopathies after COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Zerrouki
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Imane Assarrar
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Imane Rami
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Siham Rouf
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco; Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Public Health, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hanane Latrech
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco; Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Public Health, Medical School, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco.
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Song J, Choi S, Jeong S, Chang JY, Park SJ, Oh YH, Kim JS, Cho Y, Byeon K, Choi JY, Lee S, Park SM. Protective effect of vaccination on the risk of cardiovascular disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:235-245. [PMID: 37522901 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the incidence of CVDs after COVID-19. METHODS Data for 2,146,130 infected people were collected, including the vaccination status. COVID-19 patients were classified according to the number of the received vaccine doses: no, first, second, and ≥ third. To evaluate the short-term risk of CVDs after infection, adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjustments for covariates. RESULTS Compared to non-infected people, aORs [95% CIs; p value] for CVDs within a month after infection were 2.80 [2.64-2.97; < 0.001] in overall infected people and 4.62 [4.23-5.05; < 0.001], 4.20 [3.45-5.11; < 0.001], 2.79 [2.55-3.05; < 0.001], and 2.07 [1.91-2.24; < 0.001] in those who were infected after receiving no, first, second, and ≥ third vaccine doses, respectively. Among participants who received second doses of vaccine prior to contracting COVID-19, the aOR in those vaccinated with only the mRNA-based vaccine (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273; Reference) was lower than those vaccinated with the virus-derived vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCov-19 and AD26.COV2-S; aOR 1.25 [1.06-1.48; < 0.01]). CONCLUSION Although COVID-19 increased the CVD risk, the inverse association in the risk of CVDs according to vaccine doses was significant in a dose-response manner. Our findings suggest that ≥ second doses of the COVID-19 vaccine prevent the risk of CVDs after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- International Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- School of Medicine, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeonghyang Byeon
- Big Data Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seju Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ma Z, Chi Y, Guo C, Zhang J, Yang L. Questionnaire survey of risk factors for recurrence of ocular inflammation in patients with uveitis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1291991. [PMID: 38351911 PMCID: PMC10861718 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1291991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic in China, the proportion of patients with uveitis who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 increased greatly. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on patients with uveitis has not been fully described. Methods A questionnaire on SARS-CoV-2 infection was sent to patients with uveitis to assess ocular and systemic conditions before and after infection. Chi-square analysis and multifactorial regression analysis were used to investigate the associations between each risk factor and the recurrence of uveitis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results One hundred thirty-nine patients with noninfectious uveitis completed the questionnaire; 114 (82.0%) had COVID-19, and 27 (23.7%) had recurrent or exacerbated uveitis after COVID-19. There was a higher rate of recurrence or aggravation of ocular inflammation in patients who developed severe COVID-19 symptoms (severe group 8/20 vs. nonsevere group 19/94). There were significant differences in the rates of recurrence and aggravation between the two groups of patients who differed in terms of ocular inflammatory activity within 3 months prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection (χ2 = 10.701, P=0.001), as well as in the rates of recurrence and aggravation after cessation of systemic immunomodulatory therapy. After multifactorial regression analysis, patients with active ocular inflammation within 3 months prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection had a greater risk of recurrence or exacerbation of uveitis after COVID-19 (OR=4.298, P=0.002). Conclusion The degree of ocular inflammatory activity within 3 months prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a major factor influencing the recurrence or exacerbation of uveitis after infection. Interruption of medication should be minimized in patients with unstable inflammatory control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Belongia EA, Petrie JG, Feldstein LR, Guan L, Halfmann PJ, King JP, Neumann G, Pattinson D, Rolfes MA, McLean HQ, Kawaoka Y. Neutralizing Immunity Against Antigenically Advanced Omicron BA.5 in Children After SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2024; 13:100-104. [PMID: 38142128 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
We assessed serum neutralization of Omicron BA.5 in children following SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Delta or Omicron BA.1/BA.2 variant period. Convalescent BA.5 titers were higher following infections during the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 vs Delta variant period, and in vaccinated vs unvaccinated children. Titers against BA.5 did not differ by age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Belongia
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joshua G Petrie
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Leora R Feldstein
- Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lizheng Guan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer P King
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gabriele Neumann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David Pattinson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Melissa A Rolfes
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Huong Q McLean
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Barros ALAN, Silva VC, Ribeiro-Junior AF, Cardoso MG, Costa SR, Moraes CB, Barbosa CG, Coleone AP, Simões RP, Cabral WF, Falcão RM, Vasconcelos AG, Rocha JA, Arcanjo DDR, Batagin-Neto A, Borges TKS, Gonçalves J, Brand GD, Freitas-Junior LHG, Eaton P, Marani M, Kato MJ, Plácido A, Leite JRSA. Antiviral Action against SARS-CoV-2 of a Synthetic Peptide Based on a Novel Defensin Present in the Transcriptome of the Fire Salamander ( Salamandra salamandra). Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:190. [PMID: 38399250 PMCID: PMC10892092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential emergence of zoonotic diseases has raised significant concerns, particularly in light of the recent pandemic, emphasizing the urgent need for scientific preparedness. The bioprospection and characterization of new molecules are strategically relevant to the research and development of innovative drugs for viral and bacterial treatment and disease management. Amphibian species possess a diverse array of compounds, including antimicrobial peptides. This study identified the first bioactive peptide from Salamandra salamandra in a transcriptome analysis. The synthetic peptide sequence, which belongs to the defensin family, was characterized through MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Molecular docking assays hypothesized the interaction between the identified peptide and the active binding site of the spike WT RBD/hACE2 complex. Although additional studies are required, the preliminary evaluation of the antiviral potential of synthetic SS-I was conducted through an in vitro cell-based SARS-CoV-2 infection assay. Additionally, the cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of the synthesized peptide were assessed. These preliminary findings highlighted the potential of SS-I as a chemical scaffold for drug development against COVID-19, hindering viral infection. The peptide demonstrated hemolytic activity while not exhibiting cytotoxicity at the antiviral concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa A N Barros
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, PGMT, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Vladimir C Silva
- Laboratório de Vigilância Genômica e Biologia Molecular-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Piauí, Teresina 64001-350, PI, Brazil
| | - Atvaldo F Ribeiro-Junior
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Miguel G Cardoso
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- imed.ULisboa-Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Samuel R Costa
- Instituto de Química, IQ, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Carolina B Moraes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Cecília G Barbosa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Alex P Coleone
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais (POSMAT), School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Simões
- School of Agriculture, Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanessa F Cabral
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Raul M Falcão
- Bioinformatics Postgraduate Program, Metrópole Digital Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, RN, Brazil
| | - Andreanne G Vasconcelos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- People&Science Pesquisa Desenvolvimento e Inovação LTDA, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDT), Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A Rocha
- Campus São Bernardo, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, UFMA, São Bernardo 65550-000, MA, Brazil
| | - Daniel D R Arcanjo
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil
| | - Augusto Batagin-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais (POSMAT), School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Itapeva 18409-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Karla S Borges
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - João Gonçalves
- imed.ULisboa-Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Guilherme D Brand
- Instituto de Química, IQ, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Lucio H G Freitas-Junior
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Peter Eaton
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia (LAQV/REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- School of Chemistry, The Bridge, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7EL, UK
| | - Mariela Marani
- IPEEC-CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn 9120, Argentina
| | - Massuo J Kato
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia (LAQV/REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Comunale BA, Hsu YJ, Larson RJ, Singh A, Jackson-Ward E, Engineer LD. Vitamin D Supplementation and Prior Oral Poliovirus Vaccination Decrease Odds of COVID-19 Outcomes among Adults Recently Inoculated with Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:121. [PMID: 38400105 PMCID: PMC10892023 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural and functional commonalities between poliovirus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) suggest that poliovirus inoculation may induce antibodies that mitigate the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). No known studies have evaluated COVID-19 risk factors in adults recently vaccinated against poliovirus. STUDY OBJECTIVE Among adults with no history of COVID-19 infection or vaccination, who recently received an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), we sought to determine which biological factors and social determinants of health (SDOH) may be associated with (1) testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, (2) experiencing COVID-19 symptoms, and (3) a longer duration of COVID-19 symptoms. METHODS The influence of biological factors and SDOH on SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 symptoms were evaluated among 282 adults recently inoculated with IPV. Participant-reported surveys were analyzed over 12 months post-enrollment. Bivariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression models identified associations between variables and COVID-19 outcomes. RESULTS Adjusting for COVID-19 vaccinations, variants, and other SDOH, secondary analyses revealed that underlying conditions, employment, vitamin D, education, and the oral poliovirus vaccination (OPV) were associated with COVID-19 outcomes. The odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and experiencing symptoms were significantly reduced among participants who took vitamin D (OR 0.12 and OR 0.09, respectively). Unemployed or part-time working participants were 72% less likely to test positive compared with full-time workers. No prior dose of OPV was one of the strongest predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.36) and COVID-19 symptoms (OR 6.95). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that prophylactic measures and mucosal immunity may mitigate the risk and severity of COVID-19 outcomes. Larger-scale studies may inform future policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A. Comunale
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yea-Jen Hsu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robin J. Larson
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Erin Jackson-Ward
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lilly D. Engineer
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Albai O, Braha A, Timar B, Sima A, Deaconu L, Timar R. Assessment of the Negative Factors for the Clinical Outcome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:271-282. [PMID: 38283636 PMCID: PMC10812141 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to viral and bacterial infections, facing a more severe prognosis and higher mortality rates. The study's main aim was to evaluate the survival and mortality rates of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and SARS-CoV-2 virus infection alongside the main factors influencing the prognosis. Patients and Methods The present study included 186 patients with T2DM and SARS-CoV-2 virus infection admitted to the COVID-19 Department of the "Pius Brînzeu" Emergency Clinical County University Hospital between November 2020 and March 2021. Patients had investigations performed upon arrival in the emergency room and during hospitalization. We analyzed the risk of negative prognosis based on clinical data (oxygen saturation (SatO2), respiratory rate (RR), lung damage), glycemic control (HbA1c, glycemia at hospital admission), and the duration of T2DM. Results The mortality rate in the studied group was 36.6%. All deceased patients had previously been diagnosed with hypertension; 95.58% had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2, and 79.41% presented with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Compared to those who recovered, statistically significant differences were observed in BMI, glycemic levels at admission, glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c), SatO2, RR, and lung damage. Valid statistically significant predictors for death in T2DM patients with COVID-19 were hyperglycemia at admission > 198mg/dl, HbA1c> 8.6%, and SatO2≤ 87%. Conclusion SatO2, glycemia at hospital admission, and HbA1c had the highest sensitivity and specificity to predict the prognosis of T2DM patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Glycemic control is essential in the prognosis of patients with DM and COVID-19 infection. The prognosis was worse if other comorbidities were associated, especially hypertension and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Albai
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic, ”Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County University Hospital, Timisoara, 300723, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease/MOL-NEPHRO-VASC, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
| | - Adina Braha
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic, ”Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County University Hospital, Timisoara, 300723, Romania
| | - Bogdan Timar
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic, ”Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County University Hospital, Timisoara, 300723, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease/MOL-NEPHRO-VASC, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
| | - Alexandra Sima
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic, ”Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County University Hospital, Timisoara, 300723, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease/MOL-NEPHRO-VASC, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
| | - Loredana Deaconu
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
| | - Romulus Timar
- Department of Second Internal Medicine- Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, and Systemic Rheumatology, ”victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic, ”Pius Brînzeu” Emergency Clinical County University Hospital, Timisoara, 300723, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease/MOL-NEPHRO-VASC, ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, 300041, Romania
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50
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Fernández Soto D, Bueno P, Garaigorta U, Gastaminza P, Bueno JL, Duarte RF, Jara R, Valés-Gómez M, Reyburn HT. SARS-CoV-2 Membrane protein-specific antibodies from critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals interact with Fc-receptor expressing cells, but do not neutralize the virus. J Leukoc Biol 2024:qiae017. [PMID: 38245016 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The membrane glycoprotein (M) of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the key viral proteins regulating virion assembly and morphogenesis. Immunologically, the M protein is a major source of peptide antigens driving T cell responses, and most individuals who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 make antibodies to the N-terminal, surface-exposed peptide of the M protein. We now report that although the M protein is abundant in the viral particle, antibodies to the surface exposed N-terminal epitope of M do not appear to neutralise the virus. M protein-specific antibodies do, however, activate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cytokine secretion by primary human NK cells. Interestingly, while patients with severe or mild disease make comparable levels of M antigen-binding antibodies, M-specific antibodies from the serum of critically ill patients are significantly more potent activators of ADCC than antibodies found in individuals with mild or asymptomatic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernández Soto
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Bueno
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNB-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Urtzi Garaigorta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNB-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Gastaminza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNB-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Bueno
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael F Duarte
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Jara
- Immunostep, S.L., Centro Investigación del Cáncer (CIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mar Valés-Gómez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugh T Reyburn
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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