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Mao Z, Yang L, Lv Y, Chen Y, Zhou M, Fang C, Zhu B, Zhou F, Ding Z. A glucuronogalactomannan isolated from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg: Structure and immunomodulatory activity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121922. [PMID: 38494202 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A novel acidic glucuronogalactomannan (STHP-5) was isolated from the aboveground part of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg with a molecular weight of 3.225 × 105 kDa. Analysis of chain conformation showed STHP-5 was approximately a random coil chain. STHP-5 was composed mainly of galactose, mannose, and glucuronic acid. Linkages of glycosides were measured via methylation analysis and verified by NMR. In vitro, STHP-5 induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and secretion of IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells, indicating STHP-5 had stimulatory activity on macrophages. STHP-5 was proven to function as a TLR4 agonist by inducing the secretion of secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) in HEK-Blue™-hTLR4 cells. The TLR4 activation capacity was quantitatively measured via EC50, and it showed purified polysaccharides had stronger effects (lower EC50) on activating TLR4 compared with crude polysaccharides. In conclusion, our findings suggest STHP-5 may be a novel immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Mao
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yishan Lv
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yuchi Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chengnan Fang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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Huang Y, Cai S, Ying W, Niu T, Yan J, Hu H, Ruan S. Exogenous titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviate cadmium toxicity by enhancing the antioxidative capacity of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 273:116166. [PMID: 38430577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the most recent approaches employed to defend plants against both biotic and abiotic stress including heavy metals such as Cadmium (Cd). In this study, we evaluated the effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in alleviating Cd stress in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. Compared with Cd treatment, TiO2 NPs decreased leaf Cd concentration, restored Cd exposure-related reduction in the biomass to about 69% of control and decreased activities of antioxidative enzymes. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed 325 differentially expressed genes associated with TiO2 NP treatment, most of which were enriched in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Among them, the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathways were significantly regulated to improve the growth of T. hemsleyanum when treated with Cd. In the KEGG Markup Language (KGML) network analysis, we found some commonly regulated pathways between Cd and Cd+TiO2 NP treatment, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, indicating their potential core network positions in controlling T. hemsleyanum response to Cd stress. Overall, our findings revealed a complex response system for tolerating Cd, encompassing the transportation, reactive oxygen species scavenging, regulation of gene expression, and metabolite accumulation in T. hemsleyanum. Our results indicate that TiO2 NP can be used to reduce Cd toxicity in T. hemsleyanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Huang
- Institute of Crop Science, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
| | - Shengguan Cai
- Agronomy Department, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wu Ying
- Institute of Crop Science, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Tianxin Niu
- Institute of Crop Science, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Jianli Yan
- Institute of Crop Science, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Hongliang Hu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Songlin Ruan
- Institute of Crop Science, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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Cheng J, Wang Y, Wei H, He L, Hu C, Cheng S, Ji W, Liu Y, Wang S, Huang X, Jiang Y, Han S, Xing Y, Wang B. Fermentation-mediated variations in structure and biological activity of polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127463. [PMID: 37852397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the structure and activities of polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg fermented by Sanghuangporus sanghuang fungi were investigated. Compare with the unfermented polysaccharide (THDP2), the major monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of polysaccharide after fermentation (F-THDP2) altered dramatically, which caused galactose-induced conversion from glucose and one-third of molecular weight. F-THDP2 had a molecular weight of 1.23 × 104 Da. Moreover, the glycosidic linkage of F-THDP2 varied significantly, a 1, 2-linked α-d-Galp and 1, 2-linked α-d-Manp backbone was established in F-THDP2, which differed from that of 1, 4-linked α-d-Glcp and 1, 4-linked β-d-Galp in THDP2. In addition, F-THDP2 showed a more flexible chain conformation than that of THDP2 in aqueous solution. Strikingly, F-THDP2 exhibited superior inhibitory effects on HeLa cells via Fas/FasL-mediated Caspase-3 signaling pathways than that of the original polysaccharide. These variations in both structure and biological activities indicated that fermentation-mediated modification by Sanghuangporus sanghuang might a promising novel method for the effective conversion of starch and other polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg into highly bioactive biomacromolecules, which could be developed as a potential technology for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hailong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Liang He
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Chuanjiu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shiming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Weiwei Ji
- Huzhou Liangxi Forest Park Management Office, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sheping Wang
- Forestry and Water Conservancy Bureau of Changshan County, Changshan 324200, China
| | - Xubo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sufang Han
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yiqi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Baohui Wang
- Zhejiang hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310060, China
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Zhou F, Lin Y, Chen S, Bao X, Fu S, Lv Y, Zhou M, Chen Y, Zhu B, Qian C, Li Z, Ding Z. Ameliorating role of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharides in antibiotic-induced intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in mice based on microbiome and metabolome analyses. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124419. [PMID: 37080409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier is one of the important barriers to prevent harmful substances and pathogens from entering the body environment and to maintain intestinal homeostasis. This study investigated the reparative effect and possible mechanism of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharides (THP) on ceftriaxone-induced intestinal mucosal damage. Our results suggested that THP repaired the mechanical barrier damage of intestinal mucosa by enhancing the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, reducing intestinal mucosal permeability and improving the pathological state of intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal immune and chemical barrier was further restored by THP via the increment of the body's cytokine levels, intestinal SIgA levels, intestinal goblet cell number, intestinal mucin-2 levels, and short-chain fatty acid levels. In addition, THP increased the abundance of probiotic bacteria (such as Lactobacillus), reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (such as Enterococcus) to repair the intestinal biological barrier, restored intestinal mucosal barrier function, and maintains intestinal homeostasis. The possible mechanisms were related to sphingolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and d-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. Our results demonstrated the potential therapeutic effect of THP against intestinal flora disorders and intestinal barrier function impairment caused by antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Lin
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senmiao Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodan Bao
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yishan Lv
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchi Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaodong Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Information Technology Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Bai Y, Jiang L, Li Z, Liu S, Hu X, Gao F. Flavonoid Metabolism in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg Based on Metabolome Analysis and Transcriptome Sequencing. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010083. [PMID: 36615276 PMCID: PMC9821845 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, known as a "plant antibiotic", possesses several attractive properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant effects, with its efficacy being attributed to flavonoids. However, the flavonoid biosynthesis of T. hemsleyanum has rarely been studied. In this study, we investigated the flavonoid metabolism of T. hemsleyanum through metabolome analysis and transcriptome sequencing. The metabolomic results showed differences in the flavonoids of the leaves and root tubers of T. hemsleyanum. A total of 22 flavonoids was detected, and the concentrations of most flavonoids in the leaves were higher than those in the root tubers. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the leaves and root tubers were enriched in photosynthesis-antenna proteins. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the expression levels of chalcone isomerase (CHI) and UDP-glycose flavonoid glycosyltransferase (UFGT) were highly correlated with the concentrations of most flavonoids. Further, this study found that the photosynthesis-antenna proteins essentially contributed to the difference in the flavonoids in T. hemsleyanum. The gene expressions and concentrations of the total flavonoids of leaves and root tubers in Hangzhou, Jinhua, Lishui, and Taizhou in Zhejiang Province, China, showed that CHI (CL6715.Contig1_All, Unigene19431_All, CL921.Contig4_All) and UFGT (CL11556.Contig3_All, CL11775.Contig1_All) were the potential key genes of accumulation of most flavonoids in T. hemsleyanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Food and Health, Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Lingtai Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Food and Health, Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Food and Health, Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shouzan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Botanical Garden, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Food and Health, Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
- College of Food and Health, Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (Y.B.); (F.G.)
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Bai Y, Gu Y, Liu S, Jiang L, Han M, Geng D. Flavonoids metabolism and physiological response to ultraviolet treatments in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:926197. [PMID: 36186004 PMCID: PMC9520580 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.926197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a folk herb in Zhejiang Province with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-oxidation effects. Given its pharmacological activity, T. hemsleyanum is known as New "Zhebawei" and included in the medical insurance system of Zhejiang and other provinces. Flavonoids are the most important components of T. hemsleyanum, and their contents are mainly regulated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In this study, the total flavonoid contents, flavonoid monomer contents, and flavonoid synthesis related enzyme activities (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, and chalcone isomerase), anti-oxidant enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase), and biochemical indicators (malondialdehyde, free amino acid, soluble protein, and soluble sugar) in the leaves (L) and root tubers (R) of T. hemsleyanum with UV treatments were determined. Three kinds of UV radiation (UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C) and six kinds of radiation durations (15 and 30 min, 1, 2, 3, and 5 h) were used. Appropriate doses of UV-B and UV-C radiation (30 min to 3 h) induced eustress, which contributed to the accumulation of flavonoids and improve protective enzyme system activities and bioactive compound contents. Especially, certain results were observed in several special structures of the flavonoid monomer: quercetin contents in L increased by nearly 20 times, isoquercitrin contents in R increased by nearly 34 times; most of flavonoids with glycoside content, such as quercitrin (19 times), baicalin (16 times), and apigenin-7G (13 times), increased multiple times. Compared with the CK group, the flavonoid synthase activities, anti-oxidant enzyme activities, and biochemical substance contents in L and R all increased with UV treatments. This study provides a theoretical foundation for regulating flavonoids by light factors and improving the quality of T. hemsleyanum in production and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shouzan Liu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Botanical Garden, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingtai Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minqi Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongjie Geng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Sun L, Lu JJ, Wang BX, Sun T, Zhu BQ, Ding ZS, Zhou FM, Jin QX. Polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg: optimum extraction, monosaccharide compositions, and antioxidant activity. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:383-393. [PMID: 34339343 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1952600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of extraction of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg polysaccharides (THP) using ultrasonic with enzyme method and its monosaccharide compositions and antioxidant activity were investigated in this work. Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were performed to optimize conditions for extraction, and the independent variables were (XA) dosage of cellulase, (XB) extraction time, (XC) ultrasonic power, and (XD) ratio of water to the material. The extraction rate of THP was increased effectively under the optimum conditions, and the maximum (4.692 ± 0.059%) was well-matched the predicted value from RSM. THP was consisted of mannose, glucuronic acid, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, while glucose was the dominant (26.749 ± 0.634%). According to the total antioxidant capacity assay with the FRAP method, DPPH, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, THP showed strong antioxidant activity with a dose-dependent behavior. The results indicated that THP has the potential to be a novel antioxidant and could expand its application in food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bi-Xu Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing-Qi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Shan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang-Mei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian-Xing Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhu R, Xu X, Ying J, Cao G, Wu X. The Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Quality Control of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels & Gilg in China: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:550497. [PMID: 33101019 PMCID: PMC7546407 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.550497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels & Gilg (TDG), the family member of Vitaceae, is a traditional herbal medicine in China. The root of TDG can be immediately used after cleaning the muddy soil, and can be dehydrated for dry use. TDG is able to be collected all year round, which is commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis, infantile high fever, snake bite, etc. Based on phytochemistry, the chemical components of TDG are divided into flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, steroids, polysaccharide, and other compounds, showing many pharmacological effects which include anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and immunomodulatory activity, as well as other activities. Currently, TDG involves some problems of the reduction of wild resources, the backward processing methods, and storage difficulties as well as the imperfection of detection methods. Therefore, this review summarizes the literature of the past 20 years, and the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent researches on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control, and clinical application of TDG. The above discussions provide new insights for the future research on TDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Chen S, Luo M, Ma L, Lin W. Ethylacetate extract from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3793-3799. [PMID: 30288110 PMCID: PMC6159795 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s168333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of ethylacetate extract from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (EET) on the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells and determine the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells were cultured in vitro until the exponential growth phase and then treated with different concentrations of EET for 24 h. We performed a colony forming assay to determine colony forming ability, CCK8 assay to detect cell proliferation, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining to analyze cell apoptosis, and Western blot to measure the protein expression of Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. RESULTS EET significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). After treatment with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL EET for 24 h, HepG2 the proliferation rates were 100.00%±0.00%, 90.33%±1.76%, 67.67%±0.88%, 47.33%±0.88%, 37.00%±0.00%, and 30.33%±0.67%, respectively, and 100.00%±0.00%, 18.25%±1.05%, 19.99%±0.59%, 23.42%±0.46%, 29.70%±0.79%, and 29.8%±0.41% for SMMC-7721 cells, respectively. After treatment with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL EET for 24 h, the apoptotic rates were 11.08%±0.72%, 27.44%±0.51%, 32.92%±0.41%, 26.20%±0.47%, 22.92%±0.24%, and 55.60%±0.08%, for HepG2 cells, respectively, and 59.18%±0.17%, 41.24%±2.05%, 52.54%±0.39%, 50.54%±1.08%, and 57.44%±1.93% for SMMC-7721 cells, respectively. Compared with the treatment groups, the control group showed a significantly lower apoptotic rate (47.91%±1.09%, P<0.05). EET at the different concentrations downregulated the protein expression of Caspase-3 in HepG2 cells and upregulated it in SMMC-7721 cells; it also downregulated the protein expression of Bcl-2 in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells and upregulated the protein expression of Bax in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that EET exerts antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects against HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells mediated by downregulation or upregulation of Caspase-3 expression. Our study may help to develop EET for the pharmacological treatment of hepatoblastoma or hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipin Chen
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350001, China,
| | - Meixiu Luo
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350001, China,
| | - Liang Ma
- Institute of Art of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Wenjun Lin
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350001, China,
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