1
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Lachquer F, Oulmekki A, Toyir J. Selective direct oxidation of 1-butanol into acetal using hydrogen peroxide and Cs 5 MPW 11 (H 2 O)O 39 (M=Fe, Co, Cu) catalysts. Chempluschem 2024:e202300772. [PMID: 38372455 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Direct catalytic oxidation of alcohols to acetals in one step process is very attractive, because the two steps process leads firstly to aldehydes, which are unstable species serving as reactive intermediates to generate several by-products reducing process efficiency and selectivity. In this work, a new selective catalytic acetalization of 1-butanol into 1-1-dibutoxybutane acetal using H2 O2 in one step process is investigated using Keggin-type polyoxometalates catalysts. The materials developed consisted of new lacunary phophotungstate salts Cs5 MPW11 (H2 O)O39 (M=Fe, Co and Cu) which were prepared by inorganic solution condensation method and characterized using XRD, IR, SEM and EDX analysis to verify their structure, surface morphology and chemical composition. Cs5 CuPW11 (H2 O)O39 catalyst allowed the highest performance for the oxidation of 1-butanol at 60 °C using H2 O2 excess with a yield approaching 92 % and a turnover number of 784. Such activity is related to a bifunctional behavior of the catalyst as superacid and redox operating system and the synergistic effect created between the [PW11 O39 ]7- Keggin framework, Cs+ and Cu2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Lachquer
- Laboratoire des Procédés, Matériaux et Environnement (LPME) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Fès, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, BP. 2202, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Oulmekki
- Laboratoire des Procédés, Matériaux et Environnement (LPME) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Fès, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, BP. 2202, Morocco
| | - Jamil Toyir
- Laboratoire des Procédés, Matériaux et Environnement (LPME) Faculté Polydisciplinaire (FP-Taza), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Taza, BP. 1223, Morocco
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2
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Yang H, Du Y, Zhang G, Han L, Zhang L, Xu R. Main-Chain Benzoxazines Containing an Erythritol Acetal Structure: Thermal and Degradation Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:7234. [PMID: 37894713 PMCID: PMC10608865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the bio-based raw material erythritol was used to introduce an acetal structure into the benzoxazine resins. The benzoxazine-based resins containing an erythritol acetal structure could be degraded in an acidic solution and were environmentally friendly thermosetting resins. Compounds and resins were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses, and melting points were studied by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC); the molecular weight was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability of polybenzoxazine resins were studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), respectively. The thermal aging, wet-heat resistance, and degradation properties of polybenzoxazine resins were tested. The results showed that the polybenzoxazine resins synthesized in this paper had good thermal-oxidative aging, and wet-heat resistance and could be completely degraded in an acidic solution (55 °C DMF: water: 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution = 5:2:4 (v/v/v)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yanqin Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangshe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ling Han
- SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China;
| | - Longgui Zhang
- SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China;
| | - Riwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; (H.Y.); (Y.D.); (G.Z.)
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3
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Cheng Y, Lyu X, Liu C, Wang X, Cheng J, Zhang D, Meng X, Zhao Y. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sclareolide-Indole Conjugates and Their Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36838727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclareolide is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from various plant sources in tons every year and is commercially used as a flavor ingredient in the cosmetic and food industries. Antitumor and antiviral activities of sclareolide have been previously reported. However, biological studies of sclareolide synthetic analogous are few. In view of these, we developed a robust synthetic method that allows the assembly of 36 novel sclareolide-indole conjugates and their derivatives. The synthetic method was based on TiCl4-promoted nucleophilic substitution of sclareolide-derived hemiacetal 4, while electron-rich aryles including indoles, polyphenol ethers, and pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyridine were good substrates. The stereochemistry of the final products was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, while the antiproliferative activities of selected final products were tested in K562 and MV4-11 cancer cell lines. Cytometric flow analysis shows that lead compounds 8k- and 10-induced robust apoptosis in MV4-11 cancer cells, while they exhibited weak impact on cell cycle progression. Taken together, our study suggests that sclareolide could be a good template and substrate for the synthesis of novel antiproliferative compounds.
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4
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Hu K, Wang B, Xu X, Su Y, Zhang W, Zhou S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Ma S. Dual-Dynamic Chemistries-Based Fast-Reprocessing and High-Performance Covalent Adaptable Networks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200726. [PMID: 36250433 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) possess multiple functions including reprocessing (or recyclability), self-healing, welding, shape shifting, 3D printing, etc., due to the network rearrangement from dynamic bonds, and favorable performance from their cross-linked feature, and they are supposed to be as sustainable alternatives to thermosets. However, the thermal and mechanical properties, and stability of CANs are often sacrificed for rapid network rearrangement. In this paper, fast-reprocessing CANs with high performance are facilely constructed by in situ polymerization and dynamic cross-linking of styrene (St), maleic anhydride (MA), and acetal diol (BHAD). The rigid and hydrophobic polymer backbone endow the materials with high glass transition temperatures, mechanical performance, and water resistance. Besides, carboxylic group-catalyzed dual dynamic ester and acetal-based networks exhibit faster stress relaxation and realize extrusion reprocessing. This work provides an ingenious and simple strategy of construction of CANs combining rapid network rearrangement and excellent comprehensive performance, which is beneficial for the application of CANs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Binbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Su
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Sican Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Songqi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.,School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
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5
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Iovinella I, Mandoli A, Luceri C, D’Ambrosio M, Caputo B, Cobre P, Dani FR. Cyclic Acetals as Novel Long-Lasting Mosquito Repellents. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:2152-2159. [PMID: 36649540 PMCID: PMC9896555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of skin repellents against hematophagous mosquitoes is an important personal protection practice wherever these insects are abundant and where they are vectors of diseases. DEET and Icaridin are the major synthetic insect repellents in commercial formulations and are considered the most effective. Here, we tested against the mosquito Aedes albopictus several cyclic hydroxyacetals synthesized by acetalization of commercially available aliphatic carbonyl compounds (ranging from C3 to C15) with either glycerol, 1,1,1-trismethyloletane, or 1,1,1-trismethylolpropane and compared their efficacy with commercial repellents. We found that several hydroxyacetals were comparable with DEET and Icaridin both in terms of the required dose and repellence duration, while a few performed better. For those most active, toxicity was investigated, finding that a few of them were less cytotoxic than DEET and less prone to permeate through cell layers. Therefore, such results indicate that novel safe mosquito repellents could be developed among cyclic hydroxyacetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Iovinella
- Biology
Department, University of Firenze, via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mandoli
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, 56124Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Luceri
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Firenze, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario D’Ambrosio
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Firenze, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50100Firenze, Italy
| | - Beniamino Caputo
- Department
of Public Health & Infectious Diseases, University “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Cobre
- Department
of Public Health & Infectious Diseases, University “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Dani
- Biology
Department, University of Firenze, via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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6
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Karmakar A, Paul A, Guedes da Silva MFC, Pombeiro AJL. Polyaromatic Group Embedded Cd(II)-Coordination Polymers for Microwave-Assisted Solvent-Free Strecker-Type Cyanation of Acetals. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36770613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, two new 1D Cd(II) coordination polymers (CPs), [Cd(L1)(NMF)2]n (1) and [Cd(L2)(DMF)(H2O)2]n·n(H2O) (2), have been synthesized, characterized and employed as catalysts for the microwave-assisted solvent-free Strecker-type cyanation of different acetals. Solvothermal reaction between the pro-ligand, 5-{(pyren-1-ylmethyl)amino}isophthalic acid (H2L1) or 5-{(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)amino}isophthalic acid (H2L2), and Cd(NO3)2.6H2O in the presence of NMF or DMF:THF solvent, produces the coordination polymer 1 or 2, respectively. These frameworks were characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses, ATR-FTIR, elemental and thermogravimetry analysis. Their structural analysis revealed that both CPs show one-dimensional structures, but CP 1 has a 1D double chain type structure whereas CP 2 is a simple one-dimensional network. In CP 1, the dinuclear {Cd2(COO)4} unit acts as a secondary building unit (SBU) and the assembly of dinuclear SBUs with deprotonated ligand (L12-) led to the formation of a 1D double chain framework. In contrast, no SBU was observed in CP 2. To test the catalytic effectiveness of these 1D compounds, the solvent-free Strecker-type cyanation reactions of different acetals in presence of trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) was studied with CPs 1 and 2 as heterogenous catalysts. CP 1 displays a higher activity (yield 95%) compared to CP 2 (yield 84%) after the same reaction time. This is accounted for by the strong hydrogen bonding packing network in CP 2 that hampers the accessibility of the metal centers, and the presence of the dinuclear Cd(II) SBU in CP 1 which can promote the catalytic process in comparison with the mononuclear Cd(II) center in CP 2. Moreover, the recyclability and heterogeneity of both CPs were tested, demonstrating that they can be recyclable for at least for four cycles without losing their structural integrity and catalytic activity.
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7
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Kasprzak C, Brown JR, Feller K, Scott PJ, Meenakshisundaram V, Williams C, Long T. Vat Photopolymerization of Reinforced Styrene-Butadiene Elastomers: A Degradable Scaffold Approach. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:18965-18973. [PMID: 35421307 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization (VP) is a high-throughput additive manufacturing modality that also offers exceptional feature resolution and surface finish; however, the process is constrained by a limited selection of processable photocurable resins. Low resin viscosity (<10 Pa·s) is one of the most stringent process-induced constraints on resin processability, which in turn limits the mechanical performance of printed resin systems. Recently, the authors created a VP-processable photosensitive latex resin, where compartmentalization of the high molecular weight polymer chains into discrete particles resulted in the decoupling of viscosity from molecular weight. However, the monomers used to form the hydrogel green body resulted in decreased ultimate material properties due to the high cross-link density. Herein, we report a novel scaffold that allows for facile UV-based AM and simultaneously enhances the final part's material properties. This is achieved with a chemically labile acetal-containing cross-linker in conjunction with N-vinylpyrrolidone, which forms a glassy polymer after photocuring. Subsequent reactive extraction cleaves the cross-links and liberates the glassy polymer, which provides mechanical reinforcement of the geometrically complex VP-printed elastomer. With only a 0.1 wt % loading of photoinitiator, G'/G'' crossover times of less than 1 s and green body plateau moduli nearing 105 Pa are obtained. In addition, removal of the hydrophilic and thermally labile scaffold results in decreased water uptake and increased thermal stability of the final printed part. Ultimate strain and stress values of over 650% and 8.5 MPa, respectively, are achieved, setting a new benchmark for styrene-butadiene VP elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kasprzak
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - James R Brown
- School of Molecular Sciences, Biodesign Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Keyton Feller
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Philip J Scott
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Viswanath Meenakshisundaram
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chris Williams
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Timothy Long
- School of Molecular Sciences, Biodesign Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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8
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Wang T, Xu M, Jupp AR, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Selective Catalytic Frustrated Lewis Pair Hydrogenation of CO 2 in the Presence of Silylhalides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25771-25775. [PMID: 34606160 PMCID: PMC9298004 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) derived from 2,6‐lutidine and B(C6F5)3 is shown to mediate the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 using H2 as the reductant and a silylhalide as an oxophile. The nature of the products can be controlled with the judicious selection of the silylhalide and the solvent. In this fashion, this metal‐free catalysis affords avenues to the selective formation of the disilylacetal (R3SiOCH2OSiR3), methoxysilane (R3SiOCH3), methyliodide (CH3I) and methane (CH4) under mild conditions. DFT studies illuminate the complexities of the mechanism and account for the observed selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada.,School of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Maotong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Andrew R Jupp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
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9
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Recsei C, Barda Y. Synthesis of bis(aryloxy)fluoromethanes using a heterodihalocarbene strategy. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:813-818. [PMID: 33936312 PMCID: PMC8056069 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A side-product present in the herbicide pyroxasulfone was synthesized. The construction of a bis(aryloxy)fluoromethane moiety was necessary, for which no existing method was available. We report a simple, new procedure which we applied to the synthesis of some of these unusual structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Recsei
- ADAMA Agan, HaAshlaag 3, Northern Industrial Zone, Ashdod, 77102, Israel
| | - Yaniv Barda
- ADAMA Agan, HaAshlaag 3, Northern Industrial Zone, Ashdod, 77102, Israel
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10
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Abstract
Nature has a remarkable ability to perform selective transformation of complex biological mixtures into desired products using enzymatic catalysts. We report the preparation of nanoparticle catalysts through molecular imprinting within cross-linked micelles. These catalysts were highly selective for their targeted substrates and could selectively hydrolyze less reactive acetals over more reactive ones even under basic conditions. Their catalytic activity and selectivity were tunable through rational postmodification of the active site. These properties enabled the nanoparticle catalysts to produce the desired β-nitro alcohol from a four-component acetal mixture in a tandem deprotection/Henry reaction that required incompatible acidic and basic catalysts in the two steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
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11
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Zhao X, Shan P, Liu H, Li D, Cai P, Li Z, Li Z. Poly(ethylene glycol)s With a Single Cinnamaldehyde Acetal Unit for Fabricating Acid-Degradable Hydrogel. Front Chem 2020; 8:839. [PMID: 33102441 PMCID: PMC7522333 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic route to prepare a poly(ethylene glycol) with a single cinnamaldehyde acetal unit in the polymer chain, was successfully established using a newly synthesized cinnamaldehyde acetal diethylene glycol (CADEG) as initiator. This HO-PEG(ca)-OH is non-toxic and would be degraded into a cinnamaldehyde and two PEG diols in acid environment. A whole polyethylene glycol based hydrogel was easily fabricated by thiol-ene “click” reaction in alkalescence aqueous solution using acrylate-PEG(ca)-acrylate and 4-arm PEG-SH as raw materials at room temperature. The gel time was dependent on the pH of the solution and its alkalinity can promote gel. The hydrogel can be degradable in acidic conditions and the stronger the acidity, the faster the degradation. This HO-PEG(ca)-OH also can be used in synthesis of cinnamaldehyde containing PEG derivatives, block copolymers or other acid degradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry & Vision Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry & Vision Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiwei Liu
- The Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry & Vision Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peihan Cai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry & Vision Science, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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12
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Boadi FO, Zhang J, Yu X, Bhatia S, Sampson NS. Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Provides Easy Access to Functional and Fully Degradable Polymers. Macromolecules 2020; 53:5857-5868. [PMID: 33776145 PMCID: PMC7993654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymers with hydrolyzable groups in their backbones have numerous potential applications in biomedicine, lithography, energy storage and electronics. In this study, acetal and ester functionalities were incorporated into the backbones of copolymers by means of alternating ring-opening metathesis polymerization catalyzed by third-generation Grubbs ruthenium catalyst. Specifically, combining large-ring (7-10 atoms) cyclic acetal or lactone monomers with bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-1(8)-ene-8-carboxamide monomers provided perfectly alternating copolymers with acetal or ester functionality in the backbones and low to moderate molecular weight distribution (Đ M = 1.2-1.6). Copolymers containing ester and acetal backbones hydrolyzed to significant extent under basic condition (pH 13) and acidic conditions (pH ≤ 5) respectively to yield the expected by-products within 30 hours at moderate temperature. Unlike the copolymer with all-carbon backbone, copolymers with heteroatom-containing backbone exhibited viscoelastic behavior with crossover frequency which decreases as the size of the R group on the acetal increases. In contrast, the glass transition temperature (T g) decreases as the size of the R group decreases. The rate of hydrolysis of the acetal copolymers was also dependent on the R group. Thus, ruthenium-catalyzed alternating ring-opening metathesis copolymerization provides heterofunctional copolymers whose degradation rates, glass transition temperatures, and viscoelastic moduli can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O. Boadi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
| | - Jingling Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275
| | - Xiaoxi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
| | - Surita Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
| | - Nicole S Sampson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
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Zhou S, Fu S, Wang H, Deng Y, Zhou X, Sun W, Zhai Y. Acetal-linked polymeric prodrug micelles based on aliphatic polycarbonates for paclitaxel delivery: preparation, characterization, in vitro release and anti-proliferation effects. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2020; 31:2007-2023. [PMID: 32619161 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1792046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acidic tumor microenvironment has been extensively explored to design pH-responsive paclitaxel prodrug micelles for cancer therapy. The object of this study is to investigate the pH-responsive drug release behavior and the anti-proliferation capacity of acetal-linked paclitaxel polymeric prodrug micelles. The prodrug was synthesized and evaluated for paclitaxel content. The prodrug micelles were fabricated and characterized for morphology, size, in vitro pH-responsive paclitaxel release, cellular uptake, and anti-proliferation. Paclitaxel content was 33 wt%. The prodrug micelles exhibited spherical structure with the hydrodynamic diameter of 154 nm. Besides, the in vitro paclitaxel release behavior was verified to be pH-responsive, and 77%, 38%, and 17% of parent free paclitaxel was released from the nano-sized prodrug micelles in 13 h at pH 5.5, 6.5, and 7.4, respectively. The cellular uptake assessment demonstrated the time-dependent internalization of prodrug micelles. Meanwhile, CCK-8 analysis showed that prodrug micelles possessed the potent anti-proliferation effects. Prodrug micelles based on aliphatic polycarbonates present a promising platform for cancer chemotherapy due to the pH-responsive characteristics of acetal bond, potent anti-proliferation effects, and outstanding cytocompatibility of aliphatic polycarbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuwen Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanle Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast University, Heping District, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhao Deng
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Hainan Institute of Materia Medica, Haikou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinglei Zhai
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenhe District, Shenyang, China
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14
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Fu L, Sui X, Crolais AE, Gutekunst WR. Modular Approach to Degradable Acetal Polymers Using Cascade Enyne Metathesis Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15726-15730. [PMID: 31487416 PMCID: PMC7265103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A modular synthetic approach to degradable metathesis polymers is presented using acetal-containing enyne monomers. The monomers are prepared in a short and divergent synthetic sequence that features two points of modification to tune polymerization behavior and introduce molecular cargo. Steric and stereochemical elements are critical in the monomer design in order to provide rapid and living polymerizations capable of generating block polymers. The developed polyacetal materials readily undergo pH-dependent degradation in aqueous mixtures, and the rate of hydrolysis can be tuned through post-polymerization modification with triazolinedione click chemistry. This presents a new scaffold for responsive metathesis polymers that may find use in applications that requires controllable breakdown and release of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbing Fu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Xuelin Sui
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Alex E. Crolais
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology
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Yadav RN, Banik BK. A Versatile Method for the Protection of Carbonyl Compounds by
Camphor Sulfonic Acid. Curr Organocatal 2018; 5:196-200. [PMID: 31815094 PMCID: PMC6859800 DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666181126120156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Carbonyl groups are important functional groups and they play a key role in organic chemistry. This group needs to be protected in multistep synthesis against various reagents for a counter-reaction. The effort towards developing an efficient methodology for the protection of car-bonyl functional group is always a demanding reaction. The protection of carbonyl compounds for in-hibiting their chemical reactivity is an important operation in chemistry. In this paper, camphor sulfonic acid-catalysed protection of various carbonyl compounds is developed. This method is simple, envi-ronmentally friendly and yields products in high yields. Method: Commercially available camphor sulfonic acid is used as organo-catalyst for the protection of carbonyl functionality. This catalyst is also employed for the protection of carbonyl functionality as thi-oacetal/mixed ketal in excellent yield. The newly synthesize compounds are characterized using 1HNMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy. Result: A diverse carbonyl functional group is protected in excellent yield under mild reaction condi-tions. Conclusion: We have developed an efficient organocatalysed protection method of carbonyl function-ality applicable to wide range of substrates
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Naresh Yadav
- 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX78539, USA; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Veer Bhadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur-222003 (UP) India; 3Community Health System of South Texas, 3135 S. Sugar Road, Edinburg, TX78539, USA
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX78539, USA; 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Veer Bhadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur-222003 (UP) India; 3Community Health System of South Texas, 3135 S. Sugar Road, Edinburg, TX78539, USA
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16
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Samaritoni JG, Martynow JG, O'Donnell MJ, Scott WL. Preparation and Use of a General Solid-Phase Intermediate to Biomimetic Scaffolds and Peptide Condensations. Molecules 2018; 23:E1762. [PMID: 30021979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Distributed Drug Discovery (D3) program develops simple, powerful, and reproducible procedures to enable the distributed synthesis of large numbers of potential drugs for neglected diseases. The synthetic protocols are solid-phase based and inspired by published work. One promising article reported that many biomimetic molecules based on diverse scaffolds with three or more sites of variable substitution can be synthesized in one or two steps from a common key aldehyde intermediate. This intermediate was prepared by the ozonolysis of a precursor functionalized at two variable sites, restricting their presence in the subsequently formed scaffolds to ozone compatible functional groups. To broaden the scope of the groups available at one of these variable sites, we developed a synthetic route to an alternative, orthogonally protected key intermediate that allows the incorporation of ozone sensitive groups after the ozonolysis step. The utility of this orthogonally protected intermediate is demonstrated in the synthesis of several representative biomimetic scaffolds containing ozonolytically labile functional groups. It is compatible with traditional Fmoc peptide chemistry, permitting it to incorporate peptide fragments for use in fragment condensations with peptides containing cysteine at the N-terminus. Overall yields for its synthesis and utilization (as many as 13 steps) indicate good conversions at each step.
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17
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Gavrila I, Raffa P, Picchioni F. Acetalised Galactarate Polyesters: Interplay between Chemical Structure and Polymerisation Kinetics. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E248. [PMID: 30966283 PMCID: PMC6415047 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the progress that has made so far in the recent years regarding the synthesis of bio-based polymers and in particular polyesters, only few references address the optimisation of these new reactions with respect to conversion and reaction time. Related to this aspect, we here describe the transesterification reaction of two different acetalised galactarate esters with a model aliphatic diol, 1,6-hexanediol. The kinetics of these two apparently similar reactions is compared, with a focus on the conversion while varying the concentration of a di-butyltin oxide catalyst (DBTO), respectively, the used N₂ flow-rate. During the first stage of polymerisation, the molecular weight of the end-products is more than doubled when using a 250 mL/min flow as opposed to an almost static N₂ pressure. Additionally, the resulted pre-polymers are subjected to further polycondensation and the comparison between the obtained polyesters is extended to their thermal, mechanical and dielectrical characterisation. The influence of the acetal groups on the stability of the polyesters in acidic conditions concludes the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionela Gavrila
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ENTEG, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrizio Raffa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ENTEG, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Francesco Picchioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ENTEG, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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18
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Zhai Y, Zhou X, Jia L, Ma C, Song R, Deng Y, Hu X, Sun W. Acetal-Linked Paclitaxel Polymeric Prodrug Based on Functionalized mPEG-PCL Diblock Polymer for pH-Triggered Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E698. [PMID: 30965997 PMCID: PMC6418821 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The differences in micro-environment between cancer cells and the normal ones offer the possibility to develop stimuli-responsive drug-delivery systems for overcoming the drawbacks in the clinical use of anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and etc. Hence, we developed a novel endosomal pH-sensitive paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug micelles based on functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) diblock polymer with an acid-cleavable acetal (Ace) linkage (mPEG-PCL-Ace-PTX). The mPEG-PCL-Ace-PTX₅ with a high drug content of 23.5 wt % was self-assembled in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 10 mM) into nanosized micelles with an average diameter of 68.5 nm. The in vitro release studies demonstrated that mPEG-PCL-Ace-PTX₅ micelles was highly pH-sensitive, in which 16.8%, 32.8%, and 48.2% of parent free PTX was released from mPEG-PCL-Ace-PTX₅ micelles in 48 h at pH 7.4, 6.0, and 5.0, respectively. Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assays suggested that the pH-sensitive PTX prodrug micelles displayed higher therapeutic efficacy against MCF-7 cells compared with free PTX. Therefore, the PTX prodrug micelles with acetal bond may offer a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglei Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute (LSMRI), Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Xing Zhou
- Hainan Institute of Materia Medica, Haikou 570311, China.
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Food & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guizhou 550003, China.
| | - Ronghua Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yanhao Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xueyao Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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19
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Poupart R, Benlahoues A, Le Droumaguet B, Grande D. Porous Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Nanoreactors Prepared from Smartly Designed Functional Polystyrene-block-Poly(d,l-Lactide) Diblock Copolymers: Toward Efficient Systems for Catalytic Cascade Reaction Processes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:31279-31290. [PMID: 28266836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Original porous catalytic supports can be engineered via an effective and straightforward synthetic route to polystyrene-block-poly(d,l-lactide) diblock copolymer precursors displaying an acid-cleavable acetal junction between both blocks. To this purpose, we synthesized an acetal-containing heterodifunctional initiator, thus enabling to combine two different polymerization methods, i.e., first atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, and then ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of d,l-lactide. Thanks to the labile nature of the acetal junction, oriented porous frameworks could be obtained upon trifluoroacetic acid-mediated cleavage of the latter, after orientation of the block copolymer nanodomains by solvent vapor annealing. The resulting porous materials bearing a reactive aldehyde function at the pore surface allowed for further chemical modification via reductive amination with amino-containing compounds, such as tetraethylenepentamine, thus leading to amine-functionalized porous polystyrene. In situ generated gold nanoparticles could then be immobilized within such functionalized porous nanoreactors, and these hybrid materials could find interesting applications in heterogeneous supported catalysis. In this regard, model catalytic reactions, including C-C homocoupling of benzeneboronic acid derivatives, hydride-mediated reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, and especially unprecedented "one-pot" cascade reactions consisting of the latter consecutive reactions from 3-nitrobenzeneboronic acid, were successfully monitored by different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Poupart
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Antoine Benlahoues
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Benjamin Le Droumaguet
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Daniel Grande
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
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20
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Alajarin M, Marin-Luna M, Sanchez-Andrada P, Vidal A. Tandem processes promoted by a hydrogen shift in 6-arylfulvenes bearing acetalic units at ortho position: a combined experimental and computational study. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:260-70. [PMID: 26977185 PMCID: PMC4778534 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Phenylfulvenes bearing (1,3-dioxolan or dioxan)-2-yl substituents at ortho position convert into mixtures of 4- and 9-(hydroxy)alkoxy-substituted benz[f]indenes as result of cascade processes initiated by a thermally activated hydrogen shift. Structurally related fulvenes with non-cyclic acetalic units afforded mixtures of 4- and 9-alkoxybenz[f]indenes under similar thermal conditions. Mechanistic paths promoted by an initial [1,4]-, [1,5]-, [1,7]- or [1,9]-H shift are conceivable for explaining these conversions. Deuterium labelling experiments exclude the [1,4]-hydride shift as the first step. A computational study scrutinized the reaction channels of these tandem conversions starting by [1,5]-, [1,7]- and [1,9]-H shifts, revealing that this first step is the rate-determining one and that the [1,9]-H shift is the one with the lowest energy barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Espinardo, 30100 Murcia (Spain)
| | - Marta Marin-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Espinardo, 30100 Murcia (Spain)
| | - Pilar Sanchez-Andrada
- University Centre of Defence at the Spanish Air Force Academy, Base Aerea de San Javier, C/ Coronel López Peña s/n, 30720, Santiago de la Ribera, Murcia, Spain
| | - Angel Vidal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Espinardo, 30100 Murcia (Spain)
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21
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Kirchner RM, Corfield PWR, Annabi M, Regan J, Speina K, DiProperzio A, Ciaccio JA, Capitani JF. Crystal structure of 2α-(1,1-di-phenyl-eth-yl)-4-methyl-4α,5α-diphenyl-1,3-dioxolane: the result of a non-acid pinacol rearrangement. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1278-82. [PMID: 26594491 PMCID: PMC4645051 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015017752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C30H28O2, was obtained during recrystallization of (±)-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-propane-diol in 1-butanol, from an unexpected non-acid-catalyzed pinacol rearrangement followed by acetal formation of the newly formed aldehyde with the diol. The tri-substituted dioxolane ring has a twist conformation on the C-O bond opposite the methyl-substituted C atom. There is an intra-molecular C-H⋯π inter-action present involving one of the di-phenyl-ethyl rings and an H atom of the phenyl ring in position 4 of the dioxolane ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [001]. The chains are linked by a second C-H⋯π inter-action, forming sheets parallel to the bc plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Kirchner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
| | - Peter W R Corfield
- Department of Chemistry, Fordham University, 441 East Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458, USA
| | - Michelle Annabi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
| | - John Regan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
| | - Kevin Speina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
| | - Anthony DiProperzio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
| | - James A Ciaccio
- Department of Chemistry, Fordham University, 441 East Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458, USA
| | - Joseph F Capitani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Manhattan College, 4513 Manhattan College Pkwy, Bronx NY 10471, USA
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Kulkarni MG, Desai MP, Birhade DR, Shaikh YB, Dhatrak AN, Gannimani R. A Wittig-olefination-Claisen-rearrangement approach to the 3-methylquinoline-4-carbaldehyde synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1725-9. [PMID: 23209506 PMCID: PMC3511006 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient syntheses are described for the synthetically important 3-methylquinoline-4-carbaldehydes 6a–h from o-nitrobenzaldehydes 1a–h employing a Wittig-olefination–Claisen-rearrangement protocol. The Wittig reaction of o-nitrobenzaldehydes with crotyloxymethylene triphenylphosphorane afforded crotyl vinyl ethers 2a–h, which on heating under reflux in xylene underwent Claisen rearrangement to give 4-pentenals 3a–h. Protection of the aldehyde group of the 4-pentenals as acetals 4a–h and subsequent oxidative cleavage of the terminal olefin furnished nitroaldehydes 5a–h. Reductive cyclization of these nitroaldehydes yielded the required 3-methylquinoline-4-carbaldehydes 6a–h in excellent yields. Therefore, an efficient method was developed for the preparation of 3-methylquinoline-4-carbaldehydes from o-nitrobenzaldehydes in a simple five-step procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund G Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
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