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Brohman I, Blank G, Mitchell H, Dubé E, Bettinger JA. Opportunities for HPV vaccine education in school-based immunization programs in British Columbia, Canada: A qualitative study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326779. [PMID: 38517252 PMCID: PMC10962613 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of school-based immunization programs (SBIPs) in Canada, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal. Vaccine education may improve vaccine uptake among adolescents. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify opportunities for HPV vaccine education in British Columbia, Canada, by exploring the perspectives of students, parents, school staff, and public health nurses on the current SBIP. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult participants and focus groups were conducted with grade 6 students between November 2019 and May 2020. The interviews and focus groups were transcribed and then analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Opportunities for HPV vaccine education were identified in three themes: 1) making SBIPs student-centered; 2) adopting a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to vaccine education; and 3) actualizing parent education opportunities. Broad support existed for a formal, collaborative HPV grade 6 vaccine curriculum delivered by teachers and public health nurses to provide evidence-based health information. Participants voiced that the curriculum should integrate students' perspectives on topics of interest and address needle associated pain and anxiety. Parents were identified as the primary vaccine decisionmakers, therefore, participants stated it was crucial to also provide parent-directed vaccine education as part of SBIP. Our findings support the development of a collaborative HPV vaccine curriculum directed to and informed by students and parents to buttress current SBIPs in British Columbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Brohman
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Blank
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hana Mitchell
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Department of Anthropology, Laval University, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Julie A. Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Anandarajah A, Shato T, Humble S, Barnette AR, Brandt HM, Klesges LM, Sanders Thompson VL, Silver MI. The association of caregiver attitudes, information sources, and trust with HPV vaccine initiation among adolescents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2300879. [PMID: 38174998 PMCID: PMC10773709 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This study described caregiver attitudes and the information sources they access about HPV vaccination for adolescents and determined their influence on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation. An online survey was administered to 1,016 adults in July 2021. Participants were eligible if they were the caregiver of a child aged 9-17 residing in Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Missouri, and select counties in Southern Illinois. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association of caregiver attitudes and information sources with HPV vaccination. Information from doctors or healthcare providers (87.4%) and internet sources other than social media (31.0%) were the most used sources for HPV vaccine information. The highest proportion of caregivers trusted their doctor or healthcare providers (92.4%) and family or friends (68.5%) as sources of information. The HPV vaccine series was more likely to be initiated in children whose caregivers agreed that the vaccine is beneficial (AOR = 4.39, 95% CI = 2.05, 9.39), but less likely with caregivers who were concerned about side effects (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.42, 0.88) and who received HPV vaccination information from family or friends (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35, 0.93). This study found that caregivers' attitudes, information sources, and trust in those sources were associated with their adolescent's HPV vaccination status. These findings highlight the need to address attitudes and information sources and suggest that tailored interventions considering these factors could increase HPV vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Anandarajah
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thembekile Shato
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Implementation Science Center for Cancer Control and Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Humble
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alan R. Barnette
- Department of Neonatology, Saint Francis Medical Center, Cape Girardeau, MO, USA
| | - Heather M. Brandt
- HPV Cancer Prevention Program, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lisa M. Klesges
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Michelle I. Silver
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Jin F, Yang Y, Sun J, Li R, Yao F, Liu X. Factors that influence the choice of long-acting reversible contraceptive use among adolescents post-abortion in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2024; 44:2316625. [PMID: 38353518 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2024.2316625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced abortion can seriously harm the physical and mental health of adolescent women. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) can effectively reduce unplanned pregnancies and prevent repeated abortions among adolescents. This study aimed to analyse the factors affecting the choice of LARC among adolescents in Chongqing of China. METHODS A total of 555 adolescents who underwent induced abortions for unplanned pregnancies between January 2019 and October 2021 were selected as study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors affecting adolescent LARC choices following induced abortions. RESULTS The factors that affected adolescent LARC choices included an average monthly income ≥ ¥3000 (OR = 3.432, 95% CI: 1.429∼8.244), history of previous abortions (OR = 3.141, 95% CI: 1.632∼6.045), worrying about unplanned pregnancy (OR = 0.365, 95% CI: 0.180∼0.740), parental support for using LARC (OR = 3.549, 95% CI: 1.607∼7.839), sexual partners' support for using LARC (OR = 2.349, 95% CI: 1.068∼5.167), concerns about using LARC (OR = 0.362, 95% CI: 0.176∼0.745), and willingness to use free IUDs (OR = 13.582, 95% CI: 7.173∼25.717). CONCLUSION Cost is one of the factors affecting LARC choices. Parents and sexual partners may play important role in the choice of LARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanpei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiyue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project (Obstetrics and Gynecology), Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Chongqing, China
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McCausland K, Booth S, Leaversuch F, Freeman B, Wolf K, Leaver T, Jancey J. Socio-ecological factors that influence youth vaping: perspectives from Western Australian school professionals, parents and young people. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2322753. [PMID: 38416991 PMCID: PMC10903751 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2322753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand from the perspectives of school professionals, parents and young people the socio-ecological factors that may facilitate and prevent e-cigarette use among young people in Perth, Western Australia. METHODS Purposive sampling was used to recruit school professionals, parents and young people for one-on-one (n = 35) or joint (n = 3) interviews (in-person n = 11 or online n = 27). Data were analysed using thematic analysis and classified into four domains based on the socio-ecological model: i) individual, ii) interpersonal, iii) organizational/community and iv) societal/policy. RESULTS Factors that were found to support vaping among young people included sensation-seeking and risk-taking behaviour; a low-risk perception of vapes; attractive characteristics of vapes; ease of access; perception vaping is a social activity; and lack of knowledge about vaping among parents and school professionals. Vaping prevention messages originating from the familial, educational and community spheres are lacking but wanted by adults and young people. CONCLUSIONS The pervasiveness of the e-cigarette trade and persistent challenges related to surveillance and enforcement need to be addressed to reduce exposure and access to e-cigarettes. A mixture of "hard" and "soft" public policy tools involving key stakeholders in a range of settings is needed to prevent e-cigarette access and uptake by young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahlia McCausland
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Booth
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francene Leaversuch
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Becky Freeman
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharina Wolf
- School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tama Leaver
- School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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Klitzman R, Remien RH, Beyrer C. Challenges in Arranging to Waive Parental Consent in HIV Prevention Studies of Adolescent Men Who have Sex with Men: The Case of HPTN 078. J Homosex 2024; 71:1584-1604. [PMID: 36883987 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2185093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Including adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) in HIV prevention and treatment studies without parental permission is vital, but has often faced barriers. We examine the case of recent Institutional Review Boards (IRB) reviews of an HIV treatment and prevention study that requested waiving parental permission at four United States sites, but received different responses from each institution. IRBs varied in whether and how they weighed parental rights against AMSMs' rights and individual and social benefits, and potential harms (e.g., if a parent disapproves of the adolescents' sexual behavior). One IRB "tabled" the decision to receive advice from the university Office of General Counsel (OGC), despite state laws allowing minors to consent to HIV testing and treatment without parental permission. Another IRB consulted the university's Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), which thought the waiver was inconsistent with state law, which discusses "venereal disease," but not HIV. University attorneys may have competing priorities, however, and thus interpret relevant laws differently. This case raises critical concerns, highlighting needs for advocates for AMSM, researchers, IRBs and others at institutional, governmental, and community levels to educate policymakers, public health departments, IRB chairs, members, and staff, OGCs and CCOs about these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klitzman
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and the Joseph Mailman School of Public Health, Bioethics Program, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert H Remien
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Clinical Medical Psychology (In Psychiatry), Columbia University and in the NY State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chris Beyrer
- Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Epidemiology, International Health, Health Behavior and Society, Nursing, and Medicine, Johns Hopkins, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maeryland, USA
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6
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Gumpert M, Rautio D, Monzani B, Jassi A, Krebs G, Fernández de la Cruz L, Mataix-Cols D, Jansson-Fröjmark M. Psychometric evaluation of the appearance anxiety inventory in adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder. Cogn Behav Ther 2024; 53:254-266. [PMID: 38174353 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2023.2299837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI) is a self-report measure assessing the typical cognitions and behaviours of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Despite its use in research and clinical settings, its psychometric properties have not been evaluated in young people with BDD. We examined the factor structure, reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the AAI in 182 youths with BDD (82.9% girls; Mage = 15.56, SD = 1.37) consecutively referred to two specialist outpatient clinics in Stockholm, Sweden (n = 97) and London, England (n = 85). An exploratory factor analysis identified three factors, namely "threat monitoring", "camouflaging", and "avoidance", explaining 48.15% of the variance. The scale showed good internal consistency (McDonalds omega = 0.83) and adequate convergent validity with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder for Adolescents (BDD-YBOCS-A; rs = 0.42) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (rs = 0.32). Sensitivity to change was adequate, with AAI total scores and individual factor scores significantly decreasing over time in the subgroup of participants receiving multimodal treatment for BDD (n = 79). Change of AAI scores over treatment showed a positive statistically significant moderate-to-good correlation (r = 0.55) with changes in BDD symptom severity, measured by the BDD-YBOCS-A. The study provides empirical support for the use of the AAI in young people with BDD in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gumpert
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Rautio
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedetta Monzani
- National and Specialist OCD, BDD, and Related Disorders Clinic for Young People, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amita Jassi
- National and Specialist OCD, BDD, and Related Disorders Clinic for Young People, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Krebs
- National and Specialist OCD, BDD, and Related Disorders Clinic for Young People, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Jansson-Fröjmark
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Curtin C, Bandini LG, Forquer M, Cullen P, Rancaño KM, Must A, Schreck K, Bowling AB, Askenazy N, Wei X, Irish C, Stanish HI. A remotely-delivered pilot and feasibility program to promote physical and food literacy in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13228. [PMID: 38520166 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth with intellectual disabilities experience disparities in physical activity and diet quality. Physical and food literacy are hypothesised to support adoption of healthy lifestyles; however, few such interventions have been developed for this population. METHOD Participants with intellectual disabilities ages 12-16 years were recruited for a 12-week online sports skills and nutrition education intervention. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy were assessed by attendance, satisfaction, and pre-post measures of motor skills, perceived competence and motivation for physical activity, classifying foods, making healthy choices, and food consumption. RESULTS Six teens participated in the program and attended 87.5% of the sessions. Satisfaction data suggested that the program was well-received by both teens and parents. Trends toward improvements on physical activity and nutrition outcome measures were observed. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary data from this pilot study suggest that physical and food literacy in youth with intellectual disabilities can be improved, which in turn may contribute to the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Curtin
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L G Bandini
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Forquer
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - P Cullen
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K M Rancaño
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Must
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Schreck
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A B Bowling
- Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - N Askenazy
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - X Wei
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Irish
- Brighton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H I Stanish
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kalf-Scholte SM, van Zoonen R, Sijperda-Abdul D, Algra H, Valkenburg C. Factors influencing the oral health behaviour of Dutch adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities living in residential care: A qualitative study. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13220. [PMID: 38491919 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toothbrushing, limiting intake frequency, and scheduled visits to an oral healthcare professional (OHP) are key for good oral health. We aimed to explore factors influencing these oral health behaviours in Dutch adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID) in residential care. METHOD Using a qualitative, descriptive approach, we conducted focus groups and interviews with 12 adolescents, 9 counsellors, and 6 OHPs. Thematic analysis mapped factors influencing adolescents' knowledge, attitude, planning, and execution of oral health behaviours to oral care stakeholders. RESULTS Of nine identified influencing factors, three were pivotal: Structure (influencing toothbrushing and intake frequency), Anxiety (impeding dental visits), and Support (provided by counsellors). CONCLUSIONS Counsellors should provide structured daily guidance on oral hygiene and diet for adolescents with MBID, while respecting the adolescents' autonomy. As intermediaries between adolescents and OHPs, counsellors are key in reducing dental anxiety. Counsellors need clear oral health policies within care facilities to address competing priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kalf-Scholte
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Henk Algra
- Stichting Bijzondere Tandheelkunde, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Valkenburg
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Piotrowski CC. Exploring Linkages Between Mother-Child and Sibling Relationship Quality and Prosocial Behavior Between School-Aged and Adolescent Siblings. J Fam Issues 2024; 45:833-851. [PMID: 38487303 PMCID: PMC10932736 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x231162965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the degree to which the quality of sibling relationships interacted with the quality of mother-child relationships to concurrently predict prosocial behavior between school-aged siblings while taking age spacing into account. Forty-five families with two school-aged siblings were recruited from the community. Prosocial behavior was coded from unstructured laboratory observation of sibling interaction. Both children reported on the quality of their sibling relationships; the quality of mother-child relationships was assessed by coding laboratory observation of mother-child interaction, conducted separately with each sibling. A compensatory pattern was found; higher warmth between widely spaced siblings was associated with greater sibling prosocial behavior when maternal positivity was low, and also when maternal negativity was high. These compensatory patterns did not occur for siblings closer in age. Findings suggested that sibling dynamics and relational roles play an important function in children's prosocial development. Results were discussed within family systems frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C. Piotrowski
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba Max Rady College of Medicine, Winnipeg MB, Canada
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10
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Letkiewicz AM, Funkhouser CJ, Umemoto A, Trivedi E, Sritharan A, Zhang E, Buchanan SN, Helgren F, Allison GO, Kayser J, Shankman SA, Auerbach RP. Neurophysiological responses to emotional faces predict dynamic fluctuations in affect in adolescents. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14476. [PMID: 37905333 PMCID: PMC10939961 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability to accurately identify and interpret others' emotions is critical for social and emotional functioning during adolescence. Indeed, previous research has identified that laboratory-based indices of facial emotion recognition and engagement with emotional faces predict adolescent mood states. Whether socioemotional information processing relates to real-world affective dynamics using an ecologically sensitive approach, however, has rarely been assessed. In the present study, adolescents (N = 62; ages 13-18) completed a Facial Recognition Task, including happy, angry, and sad stimuli, while EEG data were acquired. Participants also provided ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data probing their current level of happiness, anger, and sadness for 1-week, resulting in indices of emotion (mean-level, inertia, instability). Analyses focused on relations between (1) accuracy for and (2) prolonged engagement with (LPP) emotional faces and EMA-reported emotions. Greater prolonged engagement with happy faces was related to less resistance to changes in happiness (i.e., less happiness inertia), whereas greater prolonged engagement with angry faces associated with more resistance to changes in anger (i.e., greater anger inertia). Results suggest that socioemotional processes captured by laboratory measures have real-world implications for adolescent affective states and highlight potentially actionable targets for novel treatment approaches (e.g., just-in-time interventions). Future studies should continue to assess relations among socioemotional informational processes and dynamic fluctuations in adolescent affective states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Letkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carter J. Funkhouser
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akina Umemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Esha Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aishwarya Sritharan
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Savannah N. Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fiona Helgren
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace O. Allison
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, CA
| | - Jürgen Kayser
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stewart A. Shankman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Randy P. Auerbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, NY, USA
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Tamambang R, Kusi-Mensah K, Bella-Awusah T, Ogunmola O, Afolayan A, Toska E, Hertzog L, Rudgard W, Evans R, Omigbodun O. Identifying potential catalysts to accelerate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) among adolescents living in Nigeria. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:868-887. [PMID: 38305209 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2289476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Investing in adolescents in Africa holds great promise for the development of the continent. The steps involved in identifying factors linked to interventions that may accelerate the attainment of multiple SDGs for adolescents in Nigeria are described. Data from a survey to investigate the well-being of 1800 adolescents aged 10-19 years in Southwest Nigeria was analysed. A four-step process was employed: 1) Mapping of variables deemed as suitable proxies for SDG targets; 2) Mapping hypothesised protective factors (accelerators) from the study instruments. Consequently, SDG targets related to elimination of hunger, good health, gender equality and peace; and seven accelerators (safe schools, parenting support, good mental health, no survival work, food security, stable childhood, and regular physical activity) were identified; 3) evaluating associations using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression, 4) calculating adjusted probabilities. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.02 ± 2.27 years (48.6% female). Good mental health, not doing survival work, safe schools, stable childhood and parental support were significantly associated with at least two SDG targets. For example, food security was significantly associated with the highest number of SDG outcomes: one SDG target related to child survival (no substance use: x2 = 3.39, p = <0.001); three SDG targets related to educational outcomes (school progression: x2 = 5.68, p = 0.017, ability to concentrate in school: x2 = 26.92, p = <0.001, and school attendance: x2 = 25.89, p = <0.001); and four SDG targets related to child protection (no risky sexual behaviours: x2 = 16.14, p = <0.001, no perpetration of violence: x2 = 15.74, p = <0.001, no community violence: x2 = 39.06, p =<0.001, and no sexual abuse: x2 = 7.66, p = 0.006). Interventions centred around good mental health, not doing survival work, safe schools, small family size, stable childhood and parental support are potential accelerators for the attainment of SDG outcomes by adolescents living in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Tamambang
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kwabena Kusi-Mensah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Tolulope Bella-Awusah
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Ogunmola
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Afolayan
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Elona Toska
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Hertzog
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Robin Evans
- Department of Statistics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Olayinka Omigbodun
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Charlucien-Koech R, Brady J, Fryer A, Diaz-Gonzalez de Ferris ME. School Nurses Practices Promoting Self-Management and Healthcare Transition Skills for Adolescents with Chronic Conditions in Urban Public Schools: A Mixed Methods Study. J Sch Nurs 2024; 40:174-188. [PMID: 34928723 DOI: 10.1177/10598405211053266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with chronic conditions should acquire self-management skills as part of their healthcare transition (HCT) from pediatric to adult-focused care. HCT/self-management skills have the potential to help mitigate health disparities among minority AYA with chronic conditions. This study investigated school nurses' practices promoting HCT/self-management skills in urban public schools. Methods: Seventy-nine nurses from three urban school districts in Massachusetts completed a survey of 32 Likert-type questions on HCT/self-management skills, eight demographic questions, and five open-ended practice questions assessing how often they have asked students with chronic conditions about HCT/self-management skills, based on the UNC TRxANSITION IndexTM. Results: Among the 79 school nurses who participated (response rate 76%), 67% never or rarely assessed students' knowledge of HCT/self-management, and 90% would use a tool that promotes/measures HCT/self-management skills. Conclusion: In our study sample, most school nurses acknowledged the importance of assessing HCT/self-management skills. The majority favored using a tool to promote these skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselaine Charlucien-Koech
- Department of Health Services, Boston Public Schools, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacqueline Brady
- Department of Health Services, Boston Public Schools, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne Fryer
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts
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Bailey KRF, Pettersen JA. Vitamin D is associated with visual memory in young northern adolescents. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:392-403. [PMID: 37029691 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2199498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D status has been linked to visual memory in adults. We hypothesized a similar association in young adolescents. METHODS Participants were 9-13 years. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Task (ROCF), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT), Digit Span (Forward, Backward), and verbal fluency task assessed visual and verbal learning/memory, attention/working memory, and executive functioning/language, respectively. An at-home, mail-in blood spot test assessed 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Participants (N = 56) were 10.7 ± 1.3 years, 61% females, 25(OH)D levels 84.2 ± 25 nmol/L(39.9 - 167.2 nmol/L) and 41% had insufficient vitamin D status (<75 nmol/L). Only measures of visual memory (ROCF-Recall, -%Recall of Copy) were significantly correlated with 25(OH)D, r = .34, p < .01 and r = .33, p < .01, respectively, and 25(OH)D remained a significant independent predictor on multiple regression analyses, which included age and sex.(ROCF-Recall overall model: Adj R2 = .24, p < .001; for 25(OH)D: p = .009; ROCF-%Recall of Copy overall model: Adj R2 = .20 p < .002; for 25(OH)D: p = .01). Individuals with sufficient vitamin D performed significantly better only on these measures (t-tests; ROCF-Recall, p = .016, d = 0.68; ROCF-%Recall of Copy, p = .022, d = 0.64). Despite moderate effect sizes (d = 0.4-0.5) in the Younger Age Group (9-10 years), only in the Older Age Group (11-13 years) was 25(OH)D significantly correlated with ROCF-Recall, r = .64, p = .0001 and ROCF-%Recall of Copy, r = .64, p = .0001, as well as working memory (Digit Span-Backward), Spearman's r = .46, p = .013. Similarly, those in the Older Age Group with sufficient vitamin D performed significantly better on ROCF-Recall, p = .01, d = 1.07; and ROCF-%Recall of Copy, p = .009, d = 1.08. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D insufficiency was common in young adolescents. Similar to adults, visual memory was better among participants with higher 25(OH)D and those with sufficient levels. This effect was especially pronounced among older participants, suggesting possible time- and/or age-related implications of vitamin D status on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R F Bailey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Pettersen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Canada
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14
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Assari S, Najand B, Sheikhattari P. Household Income and Subsequent Youth Tobacco Initiation: Minorities' Diminished Returns. J Med Surg Public Health 2024; 2:100063. [PMID: 38425566 PMCID: PMC10900246 DOI: 10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Household income, a prominent socioeconomic status (SES) indicator, is known to mitigate youth engagement in various health risk behaviors, including tobacco use. Nevertheless, the Minorities' Diminished Returns theory suggests that this protective effect may be less pronounced for racial and ethnic minorities compared to majority groups. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of high household income against tobacco use among youth and explore potential variations across different racial and ethnic groups. Methods Conducted as a longitudinal analysis, this study utilized data from the initial three years of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study spanning 2016-2022. The cohort consisted of 11,875 American youth aged 9-10 years, tracked over a three-year period. The dependent variable was tobacco initiation, irrespective of the product, while household income served as the independent variable. Covariates included youth age, gender, family education, structure, and employment, with race/ethnicity acting as the moderating variable. Results Out of the 8,754 American youth who were non-smokers at baseline, 3.1% (n = 269) initiated tobacco use during the 30-month follow-up, while 96.9% (n = 8,485) remained non-smokers. A family income exceeding $100,000 per year was associated with a lower hazard ratio for tobacco initiation (transitioning to ever-use) over the follow-up period (HR = 0.620, p = 0.022). However, household income of $50-100k exhibited significant interactions with race/ethnicity on tobacco initiation, indicating weaker protective effects for Black (HR for interaction = 7.860, p < 0.001) and Latino (HR for interaction = 3.461, p = 0.001) youth compared to non-Latino White youth. Conclusions Within the United States, the racialization and minoritization of youth diminish the protective effects of economic resources, such as high household income, against the transition to tobacco use. Non-Latino White youth, the most socially privileged group, experience greater protection from their elevated household income regarding tobacco initiation compared to Black and Latino youth, who face minoritization and racialization. Policymakers should address not only the SES gap but also the mechanisms contributing to the heightened risk of tobacco use among racialized and minoritized youth from affluent backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Babak Najand
- Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Payam Sheikhattari
- Department of Behavioral Health Science, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Prevention Sciences Research Center, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Wang M, Xu Q, He N, Zhang L, Zhang X. Materialism and Problematic Social Network Sites Use Among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Self-Control. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:668-687. [PMID: 36167485 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221130230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have ascertained some risk factors of problematic social network sites use (PSNSU). Nevertheless, few research has examined the potential impact of materialism on PSNSU, as well as underlying mechanisms between this relationship. The present study investigated whether materialism would be linked with adolescents' PSNSU and whether self-esteem and self-control would mediate them. A sample of 1238 Chinese adolescents (53.6% females) completed measurements regarding demographics, materialism, PSNSU, self-esteem, and self-control. After controlling for gender and age, the results indicated that: (a) materialism was positively correlated with PSNSU; (b) materialism can indirectly affect PSNSU through the mediating effects of self-control; and (c) materialism can indirectly affect PSNSU through the sequential mediating role of self-esteem and self-control. These findings not only provide a new perspective for the cultivation of adolescents' values, but also contribute an important driving force for the prevention and intervention of adolescents' PSNSU in the information technology era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Wang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Quan Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning He
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an, China
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16
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Johnson SL, Rasmussen JM, Mansoor M, Ibrahim H, Rono W, Goel P, Vissoci JRN, Von Isenburg M, Puffer ES. Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration in Adolescents and Young Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. Trauma Violence Abuse 2024; 25:1168-1183. [PMID: 37226506 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231173428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health crisis with long-term adverse consequences for both victims and perpetrators. Patterns of violence often begin during adolescence, yet most interventions target adult relationships. A systematic review was conducted to identify correlates of IPV victimization and perpetration among adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Eligible studies included participants 10 to 24 years old, took place in SSA, and tested a statistical association between a correlate and an IPV outcome. Correlates were defined as any condition or characteristic associated with statistically significant increased or decreased risk of IPV victimization or perpetration. PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, and African Index Medicus were searched and included studies published between January 1, 2000 and February 4, 2022. The search resulted in 3,384 original studies, of which 55 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Correlates were first qualitatively synthesized by developmental period (e.g., early adolescence, older adolescence, and young adulthood) and then organized in a conceptual framework by correlate type (e.g., socio-demographic; health, behavior, and attitudes; relational; or contextual). Over two decades of literature reveals variability in evidence by developmental period but also substantial overlap in the correlates of victimization and perpetration. This review identifies multiple points for intervention and results suggest the urgent need for earlier, developmentally appropriate prevention efforts among younger adolescents as well as combined approaches that target both victimization and perpetration of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah L Johnson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Justin M Rasmussen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Hawo Ibrahim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilter Rono
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Pari Goel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - João R N Vissoci
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan Von Isenburg
- Duke University Medical Center Library, Duke University Medical Center Archives, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eve S Puffer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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17
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Peschel SKV, Fürtjes S, Sigrist C, Voss C, Berwanger J, Ollmann TM, Kische H, Rückert F, Koenig J, Pieper L, Beesdo-Baum K. Tension and disordered eating behaviors in the daily lives of adolescents and young adults from the general population: Associations and moderating role of trait emotion regulation. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:252-263. [PMID: 37850537 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Experiences of tension and difficulties in emotion regulation have been linked to eating pathology in clinical samples and are targeted in respective treatment approaches. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of tension on engagement in disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) and potential moderating effects of trait emotion regulation in young people from the general population. A subsample of 971 adolescents and young adults from an epidemiological cohort study reported on levels of tension and four different DEBs (skipping eating, restrained eating, eating large amounts of food, loss-of-control-eating) via ecological momentary assessment (EMA), as well as on trait emotion regulation via questionnaire. In multilevel models, momentary tension did not predict levels of subsequent DEBs. However, higher average levels of tension across the EMA period predicted higher levels of all DEBs. No interactions with emotion regulation emerged. Individuals experiencing overall higher levels of tension appear to be more prone to engaging in DEBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K V Peschel
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sophia Fürtjes
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine Sigrist
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Catharina Voss
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Berwanger
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa M Ollmann
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanna Kische
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Rückert
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julian Koenig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lars Pieper
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Beesdo-Baum
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Cervin M, Martí Valls C, Möller S, Frick A, Björkstrand J, Watson D. A Psychometric Evaluation of the Expanded Version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) in Children and Adolescents. Assessment 2024; 31:588-601. [PMID: 37177831 PMCID: PMC10903129 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231170841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The expanded version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) is a self-report measure of 18 empirically derived internalizing symptom dimensions. The measure has shown good psychometric properties in adults but has never been evaluated in children and adolescents. A Swedish version of the IDAS-II was administered to 633 children and adolescents (Mage =16.6 [SD = 2.0]) and 203 adults (Mage = 35.4 [SD = 12.1]). The model/data fit of the 18-factor structure was excellent in both samples and measurement invariance across age groups was supported. All scales showed good to excellent internal consistency and psychometric properties replicated in the younger youth sample (< 16 years). Among youth, good convergent validity was established for all scales and divergent validity for most scales. The IDAS-II was better at identifying youth with current mental health problems than an internationally recommended scale of internalizing symptoms. In conclusion, the IDAS-II shows promise as a measure of internalizing symptoms in youth.
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Clapham R, Brausch A. Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms Moderate the Relationship Between Emotion Dysregulation and Suicide Ideation in Adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:467-478. [PMID: 36066655 PMCID: PMC9986343 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation may depend on the level of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. It was expected that both internalizing and externalizing symptoms would moderate the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation, such that greater symptoms would strengthen the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation. Adolescent participants (n = 559, Mage = 15.40, 85.0% white, 57.2% female) completed self-report measures that assessed emotion dysregulation, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and recent suicide ideation. Both internalizing and externalizing symptoms moderated the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation; this relationship strengthened as internalizing and externalizing symptoms increased. The results of this study indicate that internalizing and externalizing symptoms may both affect the connection between emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation. Future research should focus on targeting both internalizing and externalizing symptoms in treatment to help reduce emotion dysregulation and suicide ideation in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Clapham
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Blvd., 42101, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Amy Brausch
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Blvd., 42101, Bowling Green, KY, USA.
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20
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Johnsen L, Bird JC, Salkovskis P, James AC, Stratford HJ, Sheaves B. Sleep disruption in adolescent inpatients: prevalence, associations with clinical outcomes, and clinician perspectives. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14056. [PMID: 37787462 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are common for adolescents with psychiatric disorders, and sleep treatment may aid mental health recovery. Inpatient admissions are likely a particularly challenging time for sleep. Despite this little is known about the nature of sleep problems, and how sleep treatments could be optimised for this setting. This mixed-methods study set out to better understand sleep disturbances in adolescent inpatients. Study 1 examined the prevalence of Sleep Condition Indicator-assessed insomnia at admission and associations with psychiatric symptoms and admission length in 100 inpatients (aged 11-17 years) on one unit in Oxford. Data were gathered from admission routine measures and medical records. Associations were analysed using linear regressions. Half of the inpatients (n = 50) screened positive for insomnia at admission. Moderate-large significant associations were observed between more severe insomnia and more severe depression (β = -0.56), anxiety (β = -0.51), self-harm (β = -0.49), psychotic experiences (β = -0.32), and conduct problems (β = -0.30), but not admission length. Study 2 gained 12 clinicians' perspectives on sleep problems on the unit via a focus group and semi-structured interviews, analysed using thematic analysis. Ward staff observed insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescent inpatients and a reciprocal relationship with mental health symptoms. Ward processes were barriers (e.g., night-time observations) and facilitators (e.g., regular routines) of sleep. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia was not routinely offered but viewed as potentially helpful. Insomnia may be a common problem for adolescent inpatients, associated with greater psychopathology, but not admission length. The possible benefits of psychological sleep interventions for adolescents admitted to psychiatric units now require testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Johnsen
- Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Thatcham, UK
| | - Jessica C Bird
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Salkovskis
- The Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Anthony C James
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Bryony Sheaves
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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21
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Li SH, Corkish B, Richardson C, Christensen H, Werner-Seidler A. The role of rumination in the relationship between symptoms of insomnia and depression in adolescents. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13932. [PMID: 37198139 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
There is a strong relationship between the symptoms of insomnia and depression, however, little is understood about the factors that mediate this relationship. An understanding of these underlying mechanisms may inform the advancement of existing treatments to optimise reductions in insomnia and depression when they co-occur. This study examined rumination and unhelpful beliefs about sleep as mediators between symptoms of insomnia and depression. It also evaluated the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on rumination and unhelpful beliefs about sleep, and whether these factors mediated the effect of CBT-I on depressive symptoms. A series of mediation analyses and linear mixed modelling were conducted on data from 264 adolescents (12-16 years) who participated in a two-arm (intervention vs. control) randomised controlled trial of Sleep Ninja®, a CBT-I smartphone app for adolescents. Rumination, but not unhelpful beliefs about sleep, was a significant mediator between symptoms of insomnia and depression at baseline. CBT-I led to reductions in unhelpful beliefs about sleep, but not in rumination. At the between-group level, neither rumination, nor unhelpful beliefs about sleep emerged as mechanisms underlying improvement in depression symptoms, however, rumination mediated within-subject improvements following CBT-I. The findings suggest rumination links symptoms of insomnia and depression and provide preliminary evidence that reductions in depression following CBT-I occurs via improvements in rumination. Targeting rumination may improve current therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie H Li
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brittany Corkish
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cele Richardson
- Centre for Sleep Science, School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Helen Christensen
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aliza Werner-Seidler
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Alcalde-Ortiz ML, Jaramillo-Arriaga F, Ibarra-Orenday D, González-Domínguez SI, Calzada-Gallegos HD, Pinales-Jiménez AA, Carrillo-Aguilera IA, Flota-Marin DA, Collazo-Zamores MG, Aguirre-Moreno PD, Gutiérrez-Hernández SD, Del Toro-Delgado V, Delgadillo-Castañeda R, Sánchez-Ortiz MDR, Sánchez-González I, Ramos-Medellin CL, Chew-Wong A, Macias-Díaz DM, Arreola-Guerra JM. Pediatric kidney dimensions and risk of persistent albuminuria in Mexican adolescents. Kidney Int 2024; 105:824-834. [PMID: 38280517 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
In Mexico, chronic kidney disease of unknown origin is highly prevalent. Screening studies in adolescents have shown persistent microalbuminuria (pACR), adaptive podocytopathy and decreased kidney volume (KV). Here, we sought to develop normality tables of kidney dimensions by ultrasound in the Mexican state of Aguascalientes pediatric population (0 to 18y) and evaluate the relationship between the KV and pACR among the region's adolescents in a cross-sectional study. Kidney length (KL) and KV were determined by ultrasound. Our findings were compared with those in international literature of different populations where tables and graphs of normal kidney dimensions by ultrasound were reported. We compared organ dimensions in individuals above the age of 11 without albuminuria with those in patients with pACR recruited through screening studies in adolescents in Aguascalientes. This included 1068 individuals to construct percentile tables and graphs of the KL. Kidney dimensions were significantly lower when compared with all international comparisons. From a total 14,805 screen individuals, we compared 218 adolescents with pACR and 377 individuals without significant albuminuria. The Total KV adjusted to body surface (TKVBS) was significantly associated with pACR (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.03). The upper quartile of TKVBS was highly associated with pACR (7.57, 4.13-13.87), hypertension (2.53, 1.66-3.86), and hyperfiltration (26 vs 11.5%). Thus, TKVBS is directly associated with pACR while greater KV, arterial hypertension, and hyperfiltration in patients with pACR suggest that the increase in volume is secondary to kidney hypertrophy. Additionally, the adaptative podocytopathy with low fibrosis seen on kidney biopsy which was performed in a subset of patients, and the smaller kidney dimensions in our population point to prenatal oligonephronia as the primary cause of the detected kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Chew-Wong
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Centenario Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, Mexico
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23
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McCaffrey C, McClure J, Singh S, Melville CA. Exploring the relationship between sleep and aggression in adolescents: A cross sectional study using the UK Millennium cohort study. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:577-590. [PMID: 38232309 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231225824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish if a significant relationship exists between sleep and aggression in a large representative adolescent cohort and explores the impact of potential confounders. This cross-sectional secondary data analysis included 10,866 males and females aged 13-15 years, from the UK-based 2015 Millenium Cohort Study (sixth sweep). Independent variables included self-report measures of sleep duration and quality. The parent reported 'Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire' conduct score measured aggression. Binary logistic regression examined independent associations between each sleep variable and aggression. Multiple regression models then adjusted for potential confounders: age, sex, socioeconomic status, arousal, and affect. Under 8 hours of sleep on average was significantly associated with aggression when age, sex and income were controlled (p = .008). This became insignificant following adjustment for both affect and arousal. Sleep quality remained significantly associated with aggression when all confounders were controlled: 'sleep onset latency >30 minutes' and 'wakening at least a good bit of the time' increased the odds of aggression by around 27.9% (p < .001) and 43.5% respectively (p < .001). A significant association exists between poor subjective sleep quality and heightened aggression in this cohort, when all our confounders are controlled, identifying sleep quality as a potential target in treating adolescent aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhe McCaffrey
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - John McClure
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, UK
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24
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Biesecker CL, Pössel P, Fernandez-Botran R. Discrimination, cognitive styles, and their associations with adolescents' mental and physical health. Res Nurs Health 2024; 47:172-181. [PMID: 38470478 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study is based on the hopelessness theory of depression and previous research on perceived everyday discrimination (PED) and both depressive symptoms and Interleukin-6 (an inflammatory cytokine; IL-6) in adolescents. The purpose of this study is to examine the negative attribution, self, and consequence cognitive styles (CSs) proposed in the hopelessness theory as a possible mechanism underlying the association between PED and inflammation in adolescents and expand our understanding of the comorbidities between depressive symptoms and systemic inflammation (IL-6). This cross-sectional study featured a sample of 102 adolescents aged 13-16 (M = 14.10, SD = 0.52) who identified as White (47.5%), Black (41.4%), Mixed Race (7.1%), Latino (2%), and other (2%). Data analysis was conducted using PROCESS to compute regressions and effects between PED, negative CSs, depressive symptoms, and Interleukin-6. Results showed that negative attribution CS is the only negative CS associated with PED, depressive symptoms, and IL-6. Negative attribution CS is also the only negative CS of the three negative CSs that mediates both the association between PED and depressive symptoms and PED and IL-6 in our adolescent sample. Overall, these results indicate that individual negative CSs proposed in the hopelessness theory impact adolescents' physical and mental outcomes differently, which can inform targeted treatments. Nurses should provide cognitive-based interventions and promote societal-level change to reduce the experience and impact of PED on the mental and physical health of their adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Biesecker
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Patrick Pössel
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Rafael Fernandez-Botran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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25
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Sethi V, Bassi S, Bahl D, Kumar A, Choedon T, Bhatia N, de Wagt A, Joe W, Arora M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated demographic and health factors in India: Findings from Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS). Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13092. [PMID: 38326947 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity (5-9 years) in India is likely to contribute 11% to the global burden by 2030. METHODS Data from India's Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016-2018) was used to assess the prevalence and key associated factors of overweight and obesity. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to identify potential determinants associated with being overweight and obese. RESULTS Overweight prevalence (including obesity) varied from 1.6% (0-4 years) to 4.8% (10-19 years). The majority of states reported a higher proportion of adolescents overweight and obese, than younger age group 5-9 years. A significantly higher prevalence of children and adolescents with obesity was reported in higher wealth quintiles and residents of urban areas. The prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated demographic and health factors in India included: the presence of NCD risk factor (adolescents: 1.68, 95% CI [1.31-2.14]), micronutrient deficiency (5-9 years children: 1.72, 95% CI [1.30-2.28]), mother's education (5-9 years children: 4.84, 95% CI [2.92-8.03]; adolescents: 2.17, 95% CI [1.42-3.32]), wealth (adolescents: 1.92, 95% CI [1.16-3.19]), place of residence (5-9 years children: 1.68, 95% CI [1.39-2.03]; adolescents: 1.39, 95% CI [1.16-1.66]), child age (5-9 years children: 1.64, 95% CI [1.40-1.93], and screen-time (adolescents: 1.63, 95% CI [1.22-2.19]. CONCLUSION The findings set out policy and research recommendations to pave the path for curtailing the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity and achieving the World Health Assembly's Global Nutrition target of 'no increase in childhood overweight (Target 4) by 2025'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani Sethi
- UNICEF-Regional Office for South Asia, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shalini Bassi
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Bahl
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Neena Bhatia
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - William Joe
- Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Arora
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), New Delhi, India
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26
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Kristen A, Moretti MM, Osman F. "It opened a new door for me": A qualitative study of forcibly displaced parents' experiences of an attachment-based parenting program. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:700-712. [PMID: 37728567 PMCID: PMC10945979 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231202875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore forcibly displaced parents' experiences of how an online attachment-based parenting program (eConnect) impacted their relationships with their teens. Data was collected from four focus group discussions with 28 parents who participated in the eConnect program. Data was analyzed using network thematic analysis. A global theme emerged from the analysis: Strengthened Parent-Teen Relationships. Four underpinning organizing themes described the process through which the parent-teen relationship was strengthened: Knowledge Served as the Foundation for Change, Increased Parental Self-Efficacy, Improved Emotional Attunement Facilitates Dyadic Affect Regulation, and Shifted Power Dynamics and Emerging Mutual Parent-Teen Partnership. Findings suggest that eConnect is promising intervention for strengthening parent-teen relationships and supporting forcibly displaced families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kristen
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Canada
| | | | - Fatumo Osman
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Sweden
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27
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Aguayo‐González M, Leyva‐Moral JM, Giménez‐Diez D, Colom‐Cadena A, Martínez I, Watson C, Bordas A, Folch C, Casabona J. Exploring adolescents' experiences of continuing to wear face masks during COVID-19: A qualitative descriptive study in Barcelona (Spain). Health Expect 2024; 27:e14014. [PMID: 38477220 PMCID: PMC10934260 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the use of face masks as a social distancing measure. Although evidence supports their effectiveness in preventing infection, it remains unclear why some adolescents choose to continue wearing them postpandemic, even when it is no longer mandatory. This study aims to explore adolescents' experiences of wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic when their use was no longer mandatory. METHOD In this exploratory qualitative study, data were collected from 16 adolescents through face-to-face semistructured interviews. The participants were asked about the reasons and feelings associated with continuing to wear masks, as well as the contexts in which they felt safe without a mask. The collected data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. RESULTS Three main themes were identified: (1) Navigating complex decision-making: balancing safety and self-image, (2) peer influence dynamics and (3) managing the future: weather dynamics and pandemic evolution. DISCUSSION The potential implications of withdrawing COVID-19 preventive measures, such as mask-wearing, beyond the pandemic remain understudied. It is crucial to further investigate the perceptions related to wearing masks and its cessation, especially amongst vulnerable individuals. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Due to methodological constraints associated with participants' age, they were not engaged in the design, data analysis, data interpretation or manuscript preparation phases of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan M. Leyva‐Moral
- Nursing Department, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Autónoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - David Giménez‐Diez
- Nursing Department, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Autónoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Andreu Colom‐Cadena
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT)BadalonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)BadalonaSpain
| | - Isabel Martínez
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT)BadalonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)BadalonaSpain
| | - Carolina Watson
- Nursing Department, Faculty of MedicineUniversidad Autónoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Anna Bordas
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT)BadalonaSpain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Tarragona‐Reus, IDIAP Jordi GolTarragonaSpain
| | - Cinta Folch
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT)BadalonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)BadalonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les ITS i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT)BadalonaSpain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)BadalonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Departament de Pediatria, d'Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Publica, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBadalonaSpain
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28
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Tay MC, Rider JV. Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and Occupational Therapy Intervention: A Scoping Review. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2024; 44:168-178. [PMID: 37710963 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231197612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is an increasingly recognized pain condition in the pediatric population. Occupational therapy (OT) is a crucial component of a multidisciplinary approach to treating pediatric CRPS. Yet, there is limited evidence detailing these OT interventions. This review aimed to explore the existing literature on OT interventions and delivery methods for pediatric CRPS. We performed a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles that included pediatric participants with CRPS with no limitation on publication date. Most of the 11 included studies described OT interventions that addressed pain, functional disability, motor and sensory function, social participation, and psychological well-being. Interventions included sensory reeducation programs, exercises, functional use of affected extremities, psychoeducation, and client and family education. To facilitate engagement in meaningful occupations, OT practitioners treating pediatric CRPS should provide evidence-based interventions and age-appropriate client education and include caregivers in the care plan.
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Jankowsky K, Steger D, Schroeders U. Predicting Lifetime Suicide Attempts in a Community Sample of Adolescents Using Machine Learning Algorithms. Assessment 2024; 31:557-573. [PMID: 37092544 PMCID: PMC10903120 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231167490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a major global health concern and a prominent cause of death in adolescents. Previous research on suicide prediction has mainly focused on clinical or adult samples. To prevent suicides at an early stage, however, it is important to screen for risk factors in a community sample of adolescents. We compared the accuracy of logistic regressions, elastic net regressions, and gradient boosting machines in predicting suicide attempts by 17-year-olds in the Millennium Cohort Study (N = 7,347), combining a large set of self- and other-reported variables from different categories. Both machine learning algorithms outperformed logistic regressions and achieved similar balanced accuracies (.76 when using data 3 years before the self-reported lifetime suicide attempts and .85 when using data from the same measurement wave). We identified essential variables that should be considered when screening for suicidal behavior. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of complex machine learning models in suicide prediction.
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Dähne F, Jervelund SS, Primdahl NL, Siemsen N, Derluyn I, Verelst A, Spaas C, de Haene L, Skovdal M. Understanding how classroom drama workshops can facilitate social capital for newly arrived migrant and refugee adolescents: Insights from Denmark. Transcult Psychiatry 2024; 61:260-272. [PMID: 38304985 DOI: 10.1177/13634615231225099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Art-based interventions, such as classroom drama workshops (CDWs), increasingly form part of a collection of mental health-promoting activities introduced in school settings. While research points to the potential benefits of CDWs for the mental well-being of refugee and migrant adolescents, the mechanisms to such improvement are less understood. In this article we respond to the need for qualitative evidence of how CDW interventions affect refugee and migrant adolescents' experience. The study draws on eight focus group discussions (FGDs) with 41 adolescents, four semi-structured interviews with teachers and a school coordinator, and written documents from two drama therapists. Our thematic analysis revealed that the CDWs were found to foster trust and improve social relations in the classroom-key facets of bonding social capital. Several processes were described as being linked to these changes. Participants spoke about how the CDWs were facilitated in an emancipatory and safe manner, creating social spaces where the adolescents could have fun together, share, and bear witness to each other's stories, as well as experiencing a sense of agency. In some cases, however, activities in the CDWs crossed the learners' psychological boundaries, which led to withdrawal and a loss of trust. We conclude that whilst CDWs have the potential to facilitate bonding social capital amongst refugee and migrant adolescents and their teachers, this potential hinges on how the CDWs are facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finja Dähne
- Department of Public Health, Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Smith Jervelund
- Department of Public Health, Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina Langer Primdahl
- Department of Public Health, Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Siemsen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilse Derluyn
- Department of Social Work and Social Pedagogy, Centre for the Social Study of Migration and Refugees, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - An Verelst
- Department of Social Work and Social Pedagogy, Centre for the Social Study of Migration and Refugees, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Caroline Spaas
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucia de Haene
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Morten Skovdal
- Department of Public Health, Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Kazi AA, Osuch EA, Wammes M, John-Baptiste A. Health-related quality of life among adolescents and young adults with mood and anxiety concerns. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:550-563. [PMID: 37978940 PMCID: PMC10945981 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231214286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize health related quality of life (HRQOL) for Canadians aged 16 to 25 (adolescents and young adults, AYAs) seeking care for mood and anxiety concerns at the First Episode Mood and Anxiety Program, in London, Ontario and to identify factors associated with HRQOL in this population. METHODS AYAs completed demographic, psychometric, and HRQOL questionnaires. We calculated 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores standardized to Canadian and US population norms. We computed Short Form 6 Dimension (SF-6D) utilities conducting multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, ethnoracial minority status, parental marital/cohabitation status, parental education, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-R), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Self-Report (MADRS-S), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and a modified Inventory of College Students' Recent Life Experiences (ICSRLE-M). RESULTS Amongst 182 AYAs who completed questionnaires, mean physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS) and SF-6D utility scores were low, 43.8 (SD = 16.6), 19.0 (SD = 11.9) and .576 (SD = .074), respectively. Maternal post-secondary education, depression (MADRS-S) and functional impairment (SDS) were significantly associated with SF-6D utility. CONCLUSION This cohort of mental healthcare-seeking AYAs had significantly impaired psychometric and utility-based measures of quality of life, underscoring the importance of timely access to healthcare services for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A Kazi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Michael DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Osuch
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Wammes
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ava John-Baptiste
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Schulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Centre for Medical Evidence, Decision Integrity and Clinical Impact, London, ON, Canada
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32
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Kirkpatrick BM, Porter KJ, Reid AL, Brock D, Markwalter TH, Zoellner JM. Associations of Body Mass Index with Self-Rated Health and Weight Perceptions Among Rural Appalachian Adolescent Students. J Sch Health 2024; 94:346-356. [PMID: 37545021 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with overweight or obesity are at greater risk of having physical and psychosocial consequences. With increased disparities and inadequate literature on prevalence of adolescent weight status in rural Appalachia, there is potential for further complications. Unfortunately, adolescent obesity treatment options are often limited, especially in medically underserved regions. METHODS This cross-sectional study of adolescents at eight rural Appalachian schools examined weight status among and associations between body mass index percentile (BMIp) categories and health-related perceptions and weight-control intentions. Previously validated instruments were utilized. Analyses included independent samples t-tests, ANOVA tests, and chi-squared tests. RESULTS Of 814 adolescents (ages 11-13; 55.0% girls), BMIp revealed 20.8% overweight, 22.7% obese, and 10.6% severely obese. Adolescents with higher BMIp categories reported poorer self-rated health, inaccurate weight perceptions, and greater weight loss intentions (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Findings, including high prevalence of adolescents with overweight and obesity, emphasize the need for more obesity prevention and treatment options. Schools may be an ideal setting to reach at-risk adolescents and provide obesity prevention and treatment options, especially in medically underserved regions such as rural Appalachia. Opportunities and challenges to apply findings, including school-based obesity programs, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Kirkpatrick
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
| | - Kathleen J Porter
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
| | - Annie L Reid
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
| | - Donna Brock
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
| | - Theresa H Markwalter
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
| | - Jamie M Zoellner
- University of Virginia, Department of Public Health Sciences, UVA Cancer Center Research and Outreach Office, 16 East Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073
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33
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Ehlers CL, Gilder DA, Benedict J, Wills DN, Phillips E, Gonzales C, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Bernert RA. Social zeitgeber and sleep loss as risk factors for suicide in American Indian adolescents. Transcult Psychiatry 2024; 61:273-284. [PMID: 38311923 DOI: 10.1177/13634615241227679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
American Indians / Alaska Natives (AI/AN) bear a high burden of suicide, the reasons for which are not completely understood, and rates can vary by tribal group and location. This article aims to identify circumstances reported by a community group of American Indian adolescent participants to be associated with their depression and/or suicide. American Indian adolescents (n = 360) were recruited from contiguous reservations and were assessed with a semi-structured diagnostic interview. Twenty percent of the adolescents reported suicidal thoughts (ideation, plans), an additional 8% reported a history of suicide attempts, and three deaths due to suicide were reported. Suicidal behaviors and major depressive disorder (MDD) co-occurred and were more common among female adolescents. The distressing events that adolescents most often reported were: death in the family, family disruption, peer relationship problems, and school problems. All of these events were significantly associated with suicidal behaviors, however those with suicidal acts were more likely to report death in the family. Those with MDD but no suicidal behaviors were more likely to report disruptions in the family. Disruptions in falling asleep were also associated with suicidal behaviors and having experienced a death in the family. Disruptions in important relationships, particularly through death or divorce, may be interpreted as a loss or disruption in "social zeitgebers" that may in turn disturb biological rhythms, such as sleep, thus potentially increase the risk for MDD and/or suicide. Prevention programs aimed at ameliorating the impact of disruptions in important relationships may potentially reduce suicidal behaviors in AI/AN adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy L Ehlers
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, USA
| | - David A Gilder
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, USA
| | | | - Derek N Wills
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, USA
| | - Evie Phillips
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, USA
| | - Cathy Gonzales
- Neurosciences Department, The Scripps Research Institute, USA
- Pala Band of Mission Indians, Pala, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca A Bernert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA
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Vroegindeweij A, Houtveen J, Lucassen DA, Van De Putte EM, Wulffraat NM, Nijhof SL, Swart JF. Individual outcomes after tailored versus generic self-management strategies for persistent fatigue in youth with a fatigue syndrome or rheumatic condition: A multiple single-case study. Br J Health Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38531612 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine individual outcomes after tailored lifestyle (PROfeel) or generic dietary advice as self-management intervention for persistent fatigue in adolescents and young adults with a chronic condition, to compare participants who did and did not benefit and to explore changes to factors in the biopsychosocial model of fatigue after PROfeel. METHOD A multiple single-case AB-phase design was embedded in a randomized crossover trial (N = 45). Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) on outcomes 'fatigue severity', 'self-efficacy' and 'quality of life' (QoL) were collected through weekly smartphone measurement for 20 weeks. ILD on biopsychosocial factors were collected through experience sampling methodology for 28 days pre-post first intervention. Baseline characteristics were compared with t-tests and chi-square tests. Permutation distancing tests were used to assess change over time in all ILD. RESULTS Regarding weekly measurements, nineteen participants (42.22%) showed small to large positive outcomes (drange = .05 to 2.59), mostly after PROfeel. Eleven participants (24.44%) showed small to moderate negative outcomes (drange = -.02 to -2.46), mostly after dietary advice. Fatigue severity improved most, followed by self-efficacy. Participants who benefitted showed higher QoL levels and lower fatigue and pain levels compared with others at baseline (all p < .02). When positive outcomes were observed after PROfeel, typically ≥1 biopsychosocial factor had been targeted successfully. CONCLUSION Self-management advice has more potential when tailored to individual characteristics, including the biopsychosocial model of fatigue. PROfeel appears particularly useful as fatigue intervention for individuals with relatively less severe symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Vroegindeweij
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology/Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Houtveen
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree A Lucassen
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elise M Van De Putte
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nico M Wulffraat
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology/Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne L Nijhof
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost F Swart
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology/Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Tang H, Li Y, Dong W, Guo X, Wu S, Chen C, Lu G. The relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction in adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:36-50. [PMID: 38340148 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2024.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies have explored the relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction from different theoretical perspectives; however, the results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP electronic databases were searched to identify studies examining the correlation between childhood trauma and adolescent internet addiction. The databases were searched from inception to December 31, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Then, Stata 17.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis. Results This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023388699). A total of 19 studies involving 21,398 adolescents were included in this meta-analysis. The random effects model was used for pooled analysis, and the results revealed a strong positive association between childhood trauma and internet addiction (r = 0.395, 95% CI [0.345, 0.442]). The relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction was moderated by sample size, survey area, and internet addiction measurement tools. There were significant differences between the associations based on the various child trauma measurement tools and study quality scores. However, interstudy heterogeneity was not significantly affected by study year, sample source, or participant age. Conclusion Internet addiction is positively correlated with childhood trauma. Therefore, it is extremely important for parents to provide a good growth environment during childhood to enhance the physical and mental development of adolescents. A warm family atmosphere helps individuals develop a healthy personality, thereby reducing or preventing the occurrence of internet addiction. Due to the limited number and low quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by additional high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Tang
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Wanglin Dong
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- 1Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- 2Institute of Business Administration, School of Business, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
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Koning IM, van den Eijnden RJJM, Vossen HGM. From greenwashing to screenwashing? J Behav Addict 2024; 13:1-5. [PMID: 38324033 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In this viewpoint, we introduce the term 'screenwashing', which describes the phenomenon whereby social media platforms, such as TikTok and Instagram, pretend to be more socially responsible than they actually are. That is, social media platforms pretend to be thoughtful about children's health and the prevention of problematic social media use, but this often turns out to be nothing more than "a lick of paint". We describe how features like the one-hour notification on TikTok and Instagram are considered screenwashing and why we believe so. Screenwashing, an unethical practice, has the potential to mislead parents and young users. Consequently, we advocate for increased government intervention to protect our youth from the potential hazards associated with problematic social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Maria Koning
- 1Educational and Family Sciences, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Regina J J M van den Eijnden
- 2Interdisciplinary Social Science, Youth Studies, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen G M Vossen
- 3Education and Pedagogy, Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Shen Y, Chen D, Guo J, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Zhan S, You J. Co-developmental trajectories of suicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: Transdiagnostic predictors and association with suicide attempts. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38529888 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent suicidal ideation (SI) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are crucial public health issues, yet their co-developmental trajectories during early adolescence and their associations with predictors and outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to (a) identify heterogeneous co-developmental trajectories of SI and NSSI, (b) explore associations between transdiagnostic predictors and trajectories, and (c) assess suicide attempt risk across trajectories. METHODS Four hundred fifty-three adolescents (Mage = 12.35 years, 48.3% boys) completed surveys at 6-month intervals across 2 years. At Time 1 (Nov 2020), participants completed surveys encompassing SI, and NSSI, along with family, peer, and individual predictors. Subsequent surveys (Times 2-4) measured SI and NSSI, with suicide attempts queried at Time 4. RESULTS Parallel process latent class growth models revealed three co-developmental groups (i.e., Stable low NSSI and SI; Moderate-NSSI and high-SI, parallel decreasing; High-NSSI and moderate-SI, parallel increasing). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that group membership was predicted by parental rejection, parental warmth, bullying victimization, depressive and anxiety symptoms, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness. Adolescents in the "High-NSSI and moderate-SI, parallel increasing" group reported the highest suicide attempt frequency. CONCLUSION These findings underscore subgroup distinctions and transdiagnostic predictors in comprehending SI and NSSI progression, emphasizing the necessity of dynamic monitoring and tailored interventions for distinct subgroup characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhong Shen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danrui Chen
- Psychological Counseling Centre, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Zhan
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Jiang D, Lin S, Gong Q, Hong J, Wang J, Gao H, Guo Y, Tong F, Zhang Y. PAX6 gene promoter methylation is correlated with myopia in Chinese adolescents: a pilot sutdy. Ophthalmic Genet 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38531548 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2315152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that myopia is a complex disease involving genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of PAX6 gene methylation in myopia in Chinese adolescents. METHODS Eighty junior high school students were divided into four groups based on their vision test results: mild myopia, moderate myopia, severe myopia, and non-myopia control. The methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter was detected by bisulfate pyrosequencing. RESULTS The methylation level of PAX6 gene in myopia group (8.06% ± 1.43%) was slightly but significantly higher than that in non-myopia controls (7.26% ± 1.17%). In addition, PAX6 gene methylation levels presented a decreasing pattern along with the aggravation of myopia. Post-hoc analysis indicated significant inter-group differences for the mild myopia group and other groups (All p < .05). In the subgroup analysis by gender, the methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter in girls was higher than that in boys (p = .023). The ROC curves showed a high accuracy of PAX6 gene methylation to predict mild myopia (AUC (95% CI) = 0.828 (0.709-0.947), p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The methylation of PAX6 gene might play a role in the onset and progression of myopia in Chinese adolescents. And this could potentially explore the potential molecular mechanisms of juvenile myopia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjie Jiang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Shujuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Qinghai Gong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia Hong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanbo Guo
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Tong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
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Weidner J, Glauche I, Manuwald U, Kern I, Reinecke I, Bathelt F, Amin M, Dong F, Rothe U, Kugler J. Correlation of Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors With Incidence of Crohn Disease in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e48682. [PMID: 38526534 DOI: 10.2196/48682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide incidence of Crohn disease (CD) in childhood and adolescence has an increasing trend, with significant differences between different geographic regions and individual countries. This includes an increase in the incidence of CD in countries and geographic regions where CD was not previously prevalent. In response to the increasing incidence, the pediatric care landscape is facing growing challenges. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to comprehensively delineate the incidence rates of CD in pediatric populations across different countries and to explore potential influencing factors. METHODS We performed a systematic review of PubMed and Embase (via Ovid) for studies from January 1, 1970, to December 31, 2019. In addition, a manual search was performed in relevant and previously published reviews. The results were evaluated quantitatively. For this purpose, random effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to investigate the overall incidence rate and possible factors influencing the incidence. RESULTS A qualitative synthesis of 74 studies was performed, with 72 studies included in the meta-analyses and 52 in the meta-regressions. The results of our meta-analysis showed significant heterogeneity between the individual studies, which cannot be explained by a sample effect alone. Our findings showed geographical differences in incidence rates, which increased with increasing distance from the equator, although no global temporal trend was apparent. The meta-regression analysis also identified geographic location, UV index, and Human Development Index as significant moderators associated with CD incidence. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pediatric CD incidence has increased in many countries since 1970 but varies widely with geographic location, which may pose challenges to the respective health care systems. We identified geographic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors that contribute to the observed heterogeneity in incidence rates. These results can serve as a basis for future research. To this end, implementations of internationally standardized and interoperable registries combined with the dissemination of health data through federated networks based on a common data model, such as the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership, would be beneficial. This would deepen the understanding of CD and promote evidence-based approaches to preventive and interventional strategies as well as inform public health policies aimed at addressing the increasing burden of CD in children and adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews CRD42020168644; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=168644. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037669.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Weidner
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingmar Glauche
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulf Manuwald
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences (FHD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivana Kern
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Department of Health Sciences/Public Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ines Reinecke
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Bathelt
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Thiem-Research GmbH, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Makan Amin
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Department of Health Sciences/Public Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department for Trauma Surgery and Orthopaedics, Park-Klinik Weissensee, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fan Dong
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Department of Health Sciences/Public Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Kugler
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Department of Health Sciences/Public Health, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Ayadi S, Ghali H, Ben Abdelberi S, Kochbati A, Bkhairia S, Khefacha S. Prevalence and associated factors of unhealthy diet among adolescents: cross-sectional study among Tunisian high school students. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 0:ijamh-2024-0006. [PMID: 38515002 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2024-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES According to World Health Organization (WHO),Unhealthy Diet (UD)is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. That's why it is important to study the UD and its associated factors. Our study aimed to describe the dietary behavior of young high school students and determine associated factors of UD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among students of seven high schools in center-eastern Tunisia during the academic year 2021/2022. Data collection was carried out in April2022 by questionnaires. The questions concerned the socio-demographic characteristics, food habits and physical activity. WHO defined UD as the consumption of less than five fruits and vegetables per day. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. RESULTS A total of 740 adolescents were included. The mean age was17±1.16 years with extremes ranging from 14to19 years. Sex-ratio was 0.66. UD was found among 91.6 % of the study population. At multivariate analysis, eating cake (aOR=4.062; CI [1.685-9.795]; p=0.002),eating fried-food (aOR=3.239; CI [1.118-9.385]; p=0.03)and consuming sweets (aOR=3.263; CI [1.666-6.394]; p=0.001)were independent risk factors of UD. In the other hand, regular physical activity (aOR=0.524; CI [0.294-0.936]; p=0.029)and having breakfast regularly (aOR=0.523; CI [0.297-0.923]; p=0.025)were independent protective factors of UD. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study showed an alarming prevalence of UD. Therefore, it is mandatory to establish effective strategies to support healthy diets and physical activity among adolescents in order to reduce non-communicable diseases related to UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhir Ayadi
- Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hela Ghali
- Department of Prevention and Security of Care, Sahloul University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Amal Kochbati
- Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Siwar Bkhairia
- Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Khefacha
- Department of Prevention and Security of Care, Sahloul University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Berger V, Bromée L, Lindam A, Hallin T, Reynisson B, Halldner Henriksson L, Naumburg E. Adolescents on psychotropic treatment displayed longer corrected QT intervals than unmedicated controls when they rose rapidly from the supine position. Acta Paediatr 2024. [PMID: 38517107 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Psychotropic medication can contribute to arrhythmia and identifying individuals at risk is crucial. This Swedish study compared the corrected QT (QTc) intervals of adolescents on psychotropic medication with unmedicated controls, when supine and after rising rapidly. METHODS The study was carried out at Östersund County Hospital in March 2022 and February to March 2023. It comprised 16 cases, aged 10-17 years and 28 controls. QTc intervals were measured with electrocardiography and calculated using Bazett's and Fridericia's formulas. Univariate and multiple linear regressions were used to assess differences in QTc intervals between the cases and controls and across sex, age and body mass index. RESULTS The mean QTc interval when supine, calculated with Bazett's formula, was longer for the adolescents on psychotropic medication than the controls (p = 0.046). The same was true for the mean QTc interval after rising rapidly from the supine position, calculated with both Bazett's formula (p = 0.009) and Fridericia's formula (p = 0.007). Mean QTc intervals varied by sex and age groups. Psychotropic medication prolonged QTc intervals, particularly in girls. CONCLUSION Longer QTc intervals were found in adolescents on psychotropic medication, particularly after rising rapidly from the supine position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Berger
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Linn Bromée
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Lindam
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Research, Education and Development, Östersund Hospital, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tove Hallin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Reynisson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Linda Halldner Henriksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Estelle Naumburg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Paediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Research, Education and Development, Östersund Hospital, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Lee E, Schulz PJ, Lee HE. The Impact of COVID-19 and Exposure to Violent Media Content on Cyber Violence Victimization Among Adolescents in South Korea: National Population-Based Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e45563. [PMID: 38517467 PMCID: PMC10962403 DOI: 10.2196/45563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent stay-at-home mandates, adolescents faced isolation and a decline in mental health. With increased online activity during this period, concerns arose regarding exposure to violent media content and cyber victimization among adolescents. Yet, the precise influence of pandemic-related measures on experiences of cyber violence remains unclear. Hence, it is pertinent to investigate whether the pandemic altered the dynamics of cyber violence victimization for individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 and exposure to violent media content on cyber violence victimization among adolescents in South Korea. METHODS We used national survey data from 2019 (n=4779) and 2020 (n=4958) to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence of cyber violence among young adolescents. The data encompassed responses from elementary fourth-grade students to senior high school students, probing their exposure to violent media content, average internet use, as well as experiences of victimization and perpetration. RESULTS The analysis revealed a noteworthy decline in cyber victimization during 2020 compared with 2019 (B=-0.12, t=-3.45, P<.001). Furthermore, being a perpetrator significantly contributed to cyber victimization (B=0.57, t=48.36, P<.001). Additionally, younger adolescents (β=-.06, t=-6.09, P<.001), those spending more time online (β=.18, t=13.83, P<.001), and those exposed to violent media (β=.14, t=13.89, P<.001) were found to be more susceptible to victimization. CONCLUSIONS Despite the widespread belief that cyber violence among adolescents surged during COVID-19 due to increased online activity, the study findings counter this assumption. Surprisingly, COVID-19 did not exacerbate cyber victimization; rather, it decreased it. Given the strong correlation between cyber victimization and offline victimization, our attention should be directed toward implementing real-life interventions aimed at curbing violence originating from in-person violence at school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lee
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peter J Schulz
- Department of Communication, Culture and Society, University of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Khalafi M, Symonds ME, Faramarzi M, Sharifmoradi K, Maleki AH, Rosenkranz SK. The effects of exercise training on inflammatory markers in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiol Behav 2024; 278:114524. [PMID: 38521236 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM . Exercise training is effective for improving cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents, but less is known about its impact on inflammatory markers. We therefore, undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the role of exercise training on pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children and adolescents. METHOD . A comprehensive search was conducted in three electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, from inception to December 2023 to identify exercise trials with and without control groups, involving participants with mean ages ranging from ≥ 6 to < 18 years, of age with measurements of at least one of the following pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, or CRP. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (ICs) were calculated using random effects models. RESULTS . Thirty-eight studies involving 2,043 children and adolescents were included. The results show that exercise training resulted in significant reductions in IL-6 [SMD: -0.44; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.21; P=0.001] and CRP [SMD: -0.28; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.16; P=0.001], but not TNF-α [SMD: -0.15; 95% CI: -0.38, -0.07; P=0.19]. Subgroup analyses showed that IL-6 and CRP were reduced with aerobic training in adolescents, as was CRP with high-intensity interval training. CONCLUSION . These results provide evidence that exercise training is effective for reducing IL-6 and CRP in adolescents, but not in children, and any benefits may be modulated by the type of exercise performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Michael E Symonds
- Centre for Perinatal Research, Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Marzieh Faramarzi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Kayvan Sharifmoradi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Aref Habibi Maleki
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sara K Rosenkranz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Kaur N, Adkins-Jackson PB, Joseph V, Campbell MN, Keyes KM. Assessing Trends in Internalizing Symptoms among Racialized and Minoritized Adolescents: Results from the Monitoring the Future Survey 2005-2020. Am J Epidemiol 2024:kwae024. [PMID: 38517022 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms have rapidly accelerated among recent US adolescent birth cohorts, yet there remains little understanding of trends among racialized and minoritized groups. These groups may experience depressive symptoms due to the deleterious effects of structural racism. Using 2005-2020 Monitoring the Future survey data, we examine all racialized groups using within-group analyses to observe trends in high depressive symptoms across cohorts. Generally, across racialized groups and ages, the odds of high depressive symptoms increased in recent birth cohorts. For example, among 15-16-year-old students racialized as American Indian or Alaska Native and Black-Hispanic/Latine, the 2003-2006 birth cohort had 3.08 (95% CI: 2.00, 4.76) and 6.95 (95% CI: 2.70, 17.88) times higher odds, respectively, of high depressive symptoms compared to the 1987-1990 birth cohorts. Moreover, in a given year 15-16-year-olds generally experienced the highest depressive symptoms compared to 13-14 and 17-18-year-olds, suggesting that age-effects peaked during mid-adolescence. Depressive symptoms increased among US adolescents by birth cohort, within all racialized and minoritized groups assessed. Public health efforts to reduce disparities may consider barriers such as structural racism that may impact the mental health of racialized/minoritized adolescents while increasing access to culturally competent mental health providers and school-based services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdep Kaur
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Paris B Adkins-Jackson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Victoria Joseph
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Mia N Campbell
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Roberts DK, Sarver DE, Cash AR, Walker BH, Lim CS. Understanding health behaviors that modify the risk for obesity in ADHD. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsae018. [PMID: 38516857 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research provides support for the associated risk of inadequate sleep duration, limited physical activity, and excessive media use in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. The present study aims to (1) examine the association between ADHD and overweight or obese status (OW/OB); (2) comprehensively examine sleep duration, physical activity, and media use as potential moderators of OW/OB; and (3) examine the moderating effects of these health behaviors cross-sectionally by comparing medicated youth with ADHD, unmedicated youth with ADHD, and youth without ADHD. METHODS Data were acquired from the 2018 and 2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative survey of caregivers conducted across the United States. The current study used data for youth 11-17 years old with a final sample size of 26,644. Hours of sleep, physical activity, and media use per day were dichotomized based on national recommendation guidelines for each health behavior (i.e., either meeting or not meeting guidelines). RESULTS The OW/OB prevalence rate was 7% greater among unmedicated youth with ADHD than among medicated youth with ADHD. Medicated youth with ADHD and peers without ADHD had similar OW/OB rates. Among medicated youth with ADHD, physical activity, sleep duration, and media use did not contribute to OW/OB risk after controlling for family poverty level. However, among unmedicated youth with ADHD, meeting sleep duration guidelines was linked to a lower OW/OB risk. CONCLUSION Overall, findings suggest that clinical providers and parents may wish to prioritize improved sleep duration in the management of OW/OB risk in youth with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delanie K Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dustin E Sarver
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Center for Advancement of Youth, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Advancement of Youth, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Annah R Cash
- Department of Psychology, Child Study Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin H Walker
- Department of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Crystal S Lim
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Seasons M, Morrongiello BA. Returning to sport after injury: the influence of injury appraisals and post-traumatic stress symptoms on adolescent risk-taking intentions post-injury. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:175-184. [PMID: 38281129 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE How youth think about injury risk can affect their decisions about whether to engage in behaviors that can lead to injury. Appraisals also influence the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), which occur in approximately 20% of children after a medically treated injury. The current study examined how the injury appraisals of youth are associated with the development of PTSS post-skateboarding injury, and if PTSS or perceived benefits of the sport are also associated with youths' intentions to return to the sport. METHOD One hundred three youth who had a medically treated skateboarding injury within the last year provided survey data on injury appraisals, PTSS, the benefits of skateboarding, and intentions to return to the sport. RESULTS A two-stage moderated statistical mediation path model was specified. In the first stage, there was a positive relationship between pain at injury and PTSS, which was attenuated by the moderator, perceived bad luck. PTSS fully mediated the association between perceived pain at the time of injury and intentions to return to skateboarding. In the second stage of the mediation model, the moderator perceived benefits of skateboarding, reversed the negative relationship between PTSS and intentions to return to skateboarding. CONCLUSIONS Skateboarders are a group at risk for injury that can lead to PTSS, and they also are likely to return to the sport despite PTSS. This research identifies factors that impact the decision to return to skateboarding after injury. Limitations of the study and implications for mental health support and injury prevention are provided.
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Bud S, Szentágotai-Tătar A. Assessing Measurement Consistency: A Study of the BPFSC Invariance Across Age and Sex in Romanian Adolescents. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241239592. [PMID: 38508200 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241239592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The Borderline Personality Feature Scale for Children (BPFSC) is a widely used instrument and currently the only dimensional measure to investigate Borderline Personality features in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance across age and sex in a community sample of 634 adolescents (mean age = 16.72, standard deviation = 1.31). To test for measurement invariance, we conducted multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA). Analysis showed residual invariance across age and sex. Based on the results, we conclude that BPFSC is a valid and reliable instrument to assess Borderline Personality features in adolescents. Implications for evidence-based assessment of Borderline Personality features in adolescence are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bud
- Evidence-Based Assessment and Psychological Interventions Doctoral School, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aurora Szentágotai-Tătar
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Bux DB, van Schalkwyk I. Creative arts interventions to enhance adolescent well-being in low-income communities: an integrative literature review. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38504655 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2023.2277775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Globally many young people, especially from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, face significant barriers to achieving optimal life chances. Creative arts interventions are a way of reaching out to adolescents in low-income communities, to encourage positive functioning and enhanced well-being. We need information on the efficacy - or otherwise - of such interventions to optimise future efforts.Method: An integrative, descriptive literature review was conducted to explore and describe creative arts interventions for adolescents in low-income communities. Data were synthesised by comparing evidence from 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria, and combining ideas using logical reasoning to present what is known or yet to be known about the study topic.Results: Themes emerged regarding the structure and content of interventions; the characteristics of adolescent participants; the countries and contexts in which interventions were carried out; and overall outcomes for adolescent well-being as well as pedagogy.Conclusion: There are worthy outcomes for adolescents living in low-income communities who participate in structured creative arts interventions. However, research evidence is limited, and more research should be undertaken to investigate the development and evaluation of creative arts interventions for the well-being of adolescents in adverse contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshaad Begham Bux
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom South Africa
| | - Izanette van Schalkwyk
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom South Africa
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Silva DAS, Duncan MJ, Kuzik N, Tremblay MS. Race/Ethnicity Inequities in the Association Between Movement Behaviors and Suicidal Thoughts/Ideation Among Adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:166-174. [PMID: 37978856 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the associations between movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep), independently and jointly, and suicidal thoughts/ideation among Brazilian adolescents according to race/ethnicity. METHODS This cross-sectional study surveyed 4,081 adolescents aged 15-19 years (49.9% females) across all Brazilian geographic regions. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Within the sample, 31.0% (n = 1,264) self-reported as White and 69.0% (n = 2,817) as Black. Adolescents who declared one or more times/week suicidal thoughts/ideation were considered as a risk group. Accruing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during leisure time, reduced recreational screen time, and good sleep quality were the exposures investigated. We evaluated both additive and multiplicative interactions between race/ethnicity and movement behaviors. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR), marginal means effects, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS Black adolescents who met 1 (OR: 0.34; [95% CI: 0.22-0.52]), 2 (OR: 0.17 [0.11-0.27]), or 3 (OR: 0.13 [0.07-0.26]), and White adolescents who met 1 (OR: 0.35 [0.21-0.57]), 2 (OR: 0.14 [0.08-0.26]), or 3 (OR: 0.11 [0.04-0.31]) of the movement behavior targets had lower odds of suicidal thoughts/ideation than Black adolescents who did not meet any of the movement behavior targets. Black adolescents who did not meet any of the movement behavior targets had higher suicidal thoughts/ideation odds than the other adolescent's groups. CONCLUSIONS We identified an inverse association between meeting individuals and combinations of movement behavior targets with suicidal thoughts/ideation. Among Black adolescents who did not meet any targets, these associations were more evident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Joseph Duncan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas Kuzik
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Jordan A, Parchment A, Gauntlett-Gilbert J, Jones A, Donaghy B, Wainwright E, Connell H, Walden J, Moore DJ. Understanding the impacts of chronic pain on autistic adolescents and effective pain management: a reflexive thematic analysis adolescent-maternal dyadic study. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:185-194. [PMID: 38324735 PMCID: PMC10954305 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sensory elements are core features in chronic pain and autism, yet knowledge of the pain experience in autistic adolescents is limited. Little is known regarding how autistic adolescents experience chronic pain, manage their pain and perceive psychological treatment for their chronic pain. METHODS Ten autistic adolescents (6 female, 3 male, and 1 self-identified as agender) with chronic pain and their mothers (n = 10) participated in semistructured interviews concerning their perceptions of living with chronic pain. Participants were recruited from U.K. pain management services. According to preference, interviews were conducted individually (n = 10) or dyadically (n = 10 participants across 5 dyads). Data were analyzed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Two themes were generated. Theme 1, "overstimulated and striving for control" described how adolescents' experience of heightened sensitivity enhanced adolescents' levels of anxiety and subsequent pain, illustrating a reciprocal relationship between anxiety, pain, and sensory elements. Theme 2, "not everyone fits the mold" captured how autistic adolescents positioned themselves as distinct from others due to the unique nature of being autistic and living with pain. This sense of difference negatively impacted adolescents' ability to engage with and benefit from the standard treatment for chronic pain. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that autistic adolescents living with pain experience pain and face barriers to effective pain treatment. Our results identify the need for educational resources to facilitate clinicians to better understand the experience of autistic adolescents living with pain. In turn, such understanding may improve treatment and outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie Jordan
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Parchment
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Gauntlett-Gilbert
- Bath Centre for Pain Services, Royal United Hospitals Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Health and Clinical Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Jones
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany Donaghy
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Wainwright
- Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health (Epidemiology Group), School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Connell
- Bath Centre for Pain Services, Royal United Hospitals Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Joseline Walden
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - David J Moore
- Research Centre for Brain & Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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