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Zhao W, Zou W. Effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative cognitive dysfunction and its underlying mechanisms: a literature review of rodent studies. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1384075. [PMID: 38596595 PMCID: PMC11002135 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1384075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
With the aging of the population, the health of the elderly has become increasingly important. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication in elderly patients following general anesthesia or surgery. It is characterized by cognitive decline that may persist for weeks, months, or even longer. Electroacupuncture (EA), a novel therapy that combines physical nerve stimulation with acupuncture treatment from traditional Chinese medicine, holds potential as a therapeutic intervention for preventing and treating POCD, particularly in elderly patients. Although the beneficial effects of EA on POCD have been explored in preclinical and clinical studies, the reliability of EA is limited by methodological shortcomings, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we have synthesized existing evidence and proposed potential biological mechanisms underlying the effects of EA on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and epigenetic modification. This review summarizes recent advances in EA and POCD, provides a theoretical foundation, explores potential molecular mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of POCD, and offers a basis for conducting relevant clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhao
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Benchikh I, Ziani K, Gonzalez Mateos A, Khaled BM. Non-acute exposure of neonicotinoids, health risk assessment, and evidence integration: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:194-213. [PMID: 38470098 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2310593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides are utilized against an extensive range of insects. A growing body of evidence supports that these neuro-active insecticides are classified as toxicants in invertebrates. However, there is limited published data regarding their toxicity in vertebrates and mammals. the current systematic review is focused on the up-to-date knowledge available for several neonicotinoid pesticides and their non-acute toxicity on rodents and human physiology. Oral lethal dose 50 (LD50) of seven neonicotinoids (i.e. imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, and nitenpyram) was initially identified. Subsequently, a screening of the literature was conducted to collect information about non-acute exposure to these insecticides. 99 studies were included and assessed for their risk of bias and level of evidence according to the Office of Health and Translation (OHAT) framework. All the 99 included papers indicate evidence of reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress induction with a high level of evidence in the health effect of rodents and a moderate level of evidence for human health. The most studied type of these insecticides among 99 papers was imidacloprid (55 papers), followed by acetamiprid (22 papers), clothianidin (21 papers), and thiacloprid (11 papers). While 10 of 99 papers assessed the relationship between clothianidin, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, and nitenpyram, showing evidence of liver injury, dysfunctions of oxidative stress markers in the reproductive system, and intestinal toxicity. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the potential risks caused by neonicotinoid insecticides to humans and rodents with salient health effects. However, further research is needed to better emphasize and understand the patho-physiological mechanisms of these insecticides, taking into account various factors that can influence their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Benchikh
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Belhadj Bouchaib University, Ain Témouchent, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Nutrition, Pathologie, Agro-Biotechnologie et Santé (Lab-NuPABS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Djillali Liabès University, Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria
| | - Kaddour Ziani
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants, Department of Biology, University of Saida-Dr. Taher Moulay, Saida, Algeria
| | - Antonio Gonzalez Mateos
- Department of Physiology, Cell Biology and Communication Research Group, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Boumediène Méghit Khaled
- Laboratoire de Nutrition, Pathologie, Agro-Biotechnologie et Santé (Lab-NuPABS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Djillali Liabès University, Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria
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Menichini D, Feliciello L, Neri I, Facchinetti F. L-Arginine supplementation in pregnancy: a systematic review of maternal and fetal outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2217465. [PMID: 37258415 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2217465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM OF THE STUDY L-Arginine (L-Arg)/Nitric Oxide (NO) system is involved in the pathophysiology of relevant Obstetric conditions. This review aims at summarizing the effects of L-Arg supplementation in pregnancy looking at safety and efficacy. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature utilizing PubMed for studies published from inception to September 2022. The search included human and animal studies where L-Arg was supplemented pre-conceptionally or during pregnancy, by either oral or intravenous route. The main perinatal outcomes were focused. RESULTS Among 1028 publications, 51 studies were eligible for inclusion, 25 were performed in women, and the remnant in animals. Compared to controls/placebo, the supplementation with L-Arg reduced the development of pre-eclampsia (four studies), decreased blood pressure, and reduced the need for antihypertensive drugs in women with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP, eight studies). In women carrying growth retarded fetuses, L-Arg improved fetoplacental circulation, birth weight and neonatal outcomes (five studies), while in the case of threatened preterm birth, L-Arg reduced uterine contractions (two studies). In several animal species, L-Arg supplementation in pregnancy improved reproductive performance by increasing the litter number and size. Moreover, in pre-eclamptic and metabolic syndrome experimental models, maternal hypertension and fetal growth were improved. CONCLUSION L-Arg displays biological activities in pregnancies complicated by HDP and growth restriction, both in women and animal models. L-Arg administration is safe and could be a candidate as an intervention beneficial to maternal and fetal outcomes, at least in moderate clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Menichini
- Obstetrics Unit, Mother-Infant Department, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, International Doctorate School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lia Feliciello
- Obstetrics Unit, Mother-Infant Department, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Isabella Neri
- Obstetrics Unit, Mother-Infant Department, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Facchinetti
- Obstetrics Unit, Mother-Infant Department, University Hospital Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy
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Tabanez M, Santos IR, Ikebara JM, Camargo MLM, Dos Santos BA, Freire BM, Batista BL, Takada SH, Squitti R, Kihara AH, Cerchiaro G. The Impact of Hydroxytyrosol on the Metallomic-Profile in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14950. [PMID: 37834398 PMCID: PMC10573659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It is undeniable that as people get older, they become progressively more susceptible to neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Memory loss is a prominent symptom of this condition and can be exacerbated by uneven levels of certain metals. This study used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to examine the levels of metals in the blood plasma, frontal cortex, and hippocampus of Wistar rats with AD induced by streptozotocin (STZ). It also tested the effects of the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol (HT) on metal levels. The Barnes maze behavior test was used, and the STZ group showed less certainty and greater distance when exploring the Barnes maze than the control group. The results also indicated that the control group and the STZ + HT group exhibited enhanced learning curves during the Barnes maze training as compared to the STZ group. The ICP-MS analysis showed that the STZ group had lower levels of cobalt in their blood plasma than the control group, while the calcium levels in the frontal cortex of the STZ + HT group were higher than in the control group. The most important finding was that copper levels in the frontal cortex from STZ-treated animals were higher than in the control group, and that the STZ + HT group returned to equivalent levels to the control group. The antioxidant HT can restore copper levels to their basal physiological state. This finding may help explain HT's potential beneficial effect in AD-patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Tabanez
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
- Metal Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Ilma R. Santos
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
- Metal Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliane M. Ikebara
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, SP, Brazil; (J.M.I.); (B.A.D.S.); (S.H.T.); (A.H.K.)
| | - Mariana L. M. Camargo
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
- Metal Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca A. Dos Santos
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, SP, Brazil; (J.M.I.); (B.A.D.S.); (S.H.T.); (A.H.K.)
| | - Bruna M. Freire
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
| | - Bruno L. Batista
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
| | - Silvia H. Takada
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, SP, Brazil; (J.M.I.); (B.A.D.S.); (S.H.T.); (A.H.K.)
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Department of Laboratory Science, Ospedale Isola Tiberina—Gemelli Isola, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alexandre H. Kihara
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, SP, Brazil; (J.M.I.); (B.A.D.S.); (S.H.T.); (A.H.K.)
| | - Giselle Cerchiaro
- Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (M.T.); (I.R.S.); (M.L.M.C.); (B.M.F.); (B.L.B.)
- Metal Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Center for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
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Chung KM, Nang SC, Tang SS. The Safety of Bacteriophages in Treatment of Diseases Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1347. [PMID: 37895818 PMCID: PMC10610463 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the urgency due to the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, bacteriophages (phages), which are viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, are rising as a potential alternative to antibiotics. In recent years, researchers have begun to elucidate the safety aspects of phage therapy with the aim of ensuring safe and effective clinical applications. While phage therapy has generally been demonstrated to be safe and tolerable among animals and humans, the current research on phage safety monitoring lacks sufficient and consistent data. This emphasizes the critical need for a standardized phage safety assessment to ensure a more reliable evaluation of its safety profile. Therefore, this review aims to bridge the knowledge gap concerning phage safety for treating MDR bacterial infections by covering various aspects involving phage applications, including phage preparation, administration, and the implications for human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Mun Chung
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sue C Nang
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Swee Seong Tang
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Ibáñez A, Reiss AB, Custodio N, Agosta F. Editorial: Insights in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: 2022. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1279870. [PMID: 37810616 PMCID: PMC10556743 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1279870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
- Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Allison B Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Nilton Custodio
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru
- Unit of Diagnosis of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Prevention, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru
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Xie Q, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Sun L, Wen Q, Wang W, Chen Q. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ginsenoside Rg1 for hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1179705. [PMID: 37745069 PMCID: PMC10514510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1179705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation. However, this conclusion lacks reliability and is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Methods: We searched for relevant studies published through December 2022, including electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (SYRCLE RoB) tool was used to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the methodological quality of animal research. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4 software, following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. This study is registered in the International Systems Review Prospective Registry (PROSPERO) as CRD42023386830. Results: Eighteen eligible studies involving 401 animals were included. Ginsenoside Rg1 was significantly correlated with blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, body weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in type 2 diabetic animals were not affected by experimental species, modeling, experimental drug dosage, or course of treatment. Conclusion: This meta-analysis presents a summary of the hypoglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which are achieved through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide evidence-based support for the medical efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1. Specifically, ginsenoside Rg1 reduced MDA levels and restored SOD activity to exert its antioxidant activity. It had a positive effect on the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. However, the inclusion of studies with low methodological quality and the presence of publication bias may undermine the validity of the results. Further investigation with a more rigorous experimental design and comprehensive studies is necessary to fully understand the specific glycemic mechanisms of ginsenosides. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier https://CRD42023386830.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tzanetakis G, Jakovljevic A, Koletsi D, Jacimovic J, Nagendrababu V, Duncan HF, Dummer PMH. Critical analysis of the reporting quality of animal studies within Endodontics using the Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontics (PRIASE) 2021 quality standard checklist. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1042-1062. [PMID: 37300853 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To critically evaluate the reporting quality of a random sample of animal studies within the field of endodontics against the Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontics (PRIASE) 2021 checklist and to investigate the association between the quality of reporting and several characteristics of the selected studies. METHODOLOGY Fifty animal studies related to endodontics were randomly selected from the PubMed database with publication dates from January 2017 to December 2021. For each study, a score of '1' was given when the item of the PRIASE 2021 checklist was fully reported, whereas a score of '0' was given when an item was not reported; when the item was inadequately or partially reported, a score of '0.5' was given. Based on the overall scores allocated to each manuscript, they were allocated into three categories of reporting quality: low, moderate and high. Associations between study characteristics and reporting quality scores were also analysed. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact tests were used to describe the data and determine associations. The probability value of .05 was selected as the level of statistical significance. RESULTS Based on the overall scores, four (8%) and 46 (92%) of the animal studies evaluated were categorized as 'High' and 'Moderate' reporting quality, respectively. A number of items were adequately reported in all studies related to background (Item 4a), relevance of methods/results (7a) and interpretation of images (11e), whereas only one item related to changes in protocol (6d) was not reported in any. No associations were confirmed between reporting quality scores and number of authors, origin of the corresponding author, journal of publication (endodontic specialty vs. non- specialty), impact factor or year of publication. CONCLUSIONS Animal studies published in the specialty of endodontics were mostly of 'moderate' quality in terms of the quality of reporting. Adherence to the PRIASE 2021 guidelines will enhance the reporting of animal studies in the expectation that all future publications will be high quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgos Tzanetakis
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aleksandar Jakovljevic
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Despina Koletsi
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Meta- Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jelena Jacimovic
- Central Library, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu
- University of Sharjah, College of Dental Medicine, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Henry Fergus Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Tejero Pérez A, Kapravelou G, Porres Foulquie JM, López Jurado Romero de la Cruz M, Martínez Martínez R. Potential benefits of microalgae intake against metabolic diseases: beyond spirulina-a systematic review of animal studies. Nutr Rev 2023:nuad098. [PMID: 37643736 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Microalgae are a diverse source of bioactive molecules, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids, with beneficial properties in biomarkers of metabolic diseases. Unlike the rest of the microalgae genera, Arthrospira sp., commonly called spirulina, has been widely studied. OBJECTIVE This review aims to describe the current knowledge about microalgae, besides spirulina, focusing on their beneficial properties against metabolic diseases. DATA SOURCES A systematic research of MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published after January 2012. In vivo animal studies including microalgae consumption, except for spirulina, that significantly improved altered biomarkers related to metabolic diseases were included. These biomarkers included body weight/composition, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative damage, inflammation markers, and gut microbiota. DATA EXTRACTION After the literature search and the implementation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 37 studies were included in the revision out of the 132 results originally obtained after the application of the equation on the different databases. DATA ANALYSIS Data containing 15 microalgae genera were included reporting on a wide range of beneficial results at different levels, including a decrease in body weight and changes in plasma levels of glucose and lipoproteins due to molecular alterations such as those related to gene expression regulation. The most reported beneficial effects were related to gut microbiota and inflammation followed by lipid and glucose metabolism and body weight/composition. CONCLUSIONS Microalgae intake improved different altered biomarkers due to metabolic diseases and seem to have potential in the design of enriched foodstuffs or novel nutraceuticals. Nevertheless, to advance to clinical trials, more thorough/detailed studies should be performed on some of the microalgae genera included in this review to collect more information on their molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Tejero Pérez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Instituto Mixto Universitario Deporte y Salud (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Instituto Mixto Universitario Deporte y Salud (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús María Porres Foulquie
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Instituto Mixto Universitario Deporte y Salud (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María López Jurado Romero de la Cruz
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Instituto Mixto Universitario Deporte y Salud (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Instituto Mixto Universitario Deporte y Salud (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Lassarén P, Conley G, Boucher ML, Conley AN, Morriss NJ, Qiu J, Mannix RC, Thelin EP. Optimizing Choice and Timing of Behavioral Outcome Tests After Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Machine Learning-Based Approach on Multiple Pre-Clinical Experiments. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:1762-1778. [PMID: 36738227 PMCID: PMC10458377 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is a potentially debilitating condition with long-term sequelae. Animal models are used to study rmTBI in a controlled environment, but there is currently no established standard battery of behavioral tests used. Primarily, we aimed to identify the best combination and timing of behavioral tests to distinguish injured from uninjured animals in rmTBI studies, and secondarily, to determine whether combinations of independent experiments have better behavioral outcome prediction accuracy than individual experiments. Data from 1203 mice from 58 rmTBI experiments, some of which have already been published, were used. In total, 11 types of behavioral tests were measured by 37 parameters at 13 time points during the first 6 months after injury. Univariate regression analyses were used to identify optimal combinations of behavioral tests and whether the inclusion of multiple heterogenous experiments improved accuracy. k-means clustering was used to determine whether a combination of multiple tests could distinguish mice with rmTBI from uninjured mice. We found that a combination of behavioral tests outperformed individual tests alone when distinguishing animals with rmTBI from uninjured animals. The best timing for most individual behavioral tests was 3-4 months after first injury. Overall, Morris water maze (MWM; hidden and probe frequency) was the behavioral test with the best capability of detecting injury effects (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.98). Combinations of open field tests and elevated plus mazes also performed well (AUC = 0.92), as did the forced swim test alone (AUC = 0.90). In summary, multiple heterogeneous experiments tended to predict outcome better than individual experiments, and MWM 3-4 months after injury was the optimal test, also several combinations also performed well. In order to design future pre-clinical rmTBI trials, we have included an interactive application available online utilizing the data from the study via the Supplementary URL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lassarén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Grace Conley
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masen L. Boucher
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashley N. Conley
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Morriss
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebekah C. Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Peter Thelin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Heinzinger LR, Pugh AR, Wagner JA, Otto M. Evaluating the Translational Potential of Bacteriocins as an Alternative Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Animals and Humans. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1256. [PMID: 37627676 PMCID: PMC10451987 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a global threat to human and animal health. Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes minor to life-threatening infections. The widespread use of antibiotics in the clinical, veterinary, and agricultural setting combined with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains makes it abundantly clear that alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed. Bacteriocins represent one potential alternative therapeutic. They are antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria that are generally nontoxic and have a relatively narrow target spectrum, and they leave many commensals and most mammalian cells unperturbed. Multiple studies involving bacteriocins (e.g., nisin, epidermicin, mersacidin, and lysostaphin) have demonstrated their efficacy at eliminating or treating a wide variety of S. aureus infections in animal models. This review provides a comprehensive and updated evaluation of animal studies involving bacteriocins and highlights their translational potential. The strengths and limitations associated with bacteriocin treatments compared with traditional antibiotic therapies are evaluated, and the challenges that are involved with implementing novel therapeutics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Otto
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (L.R.H.); (A.R.P.); (J.A.W.)
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12
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Błażyńska-Spychalska A, Kur M, Brzeski T, Zając W, Pankiewicz T, Bielecki S, Woliński J, Jankau J. Potential of Bacterial Cellulose in Reconstructive Surgery of Body Integumentary System: Preliminary Studies in Animals. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:397. [PMID: 37623642 PMCID: PMC10455510 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to present the preliminary results of the in vivo application of Komagataeibacter xylinum E25 bacterial cellulose (BC) as a replacement material for produced defects during operations. Three pigs (sus scrofa domestica) had the same defects in the ear cartilage (4 × 4 cm) and in the rectus abdominis muscle (6 × 10 cm) with BC membranes implanted into them. The time of observation of the condition of the animals was 3 months. Implantation sites did not show clinical signs of complications in the form of inflammation or necrosis. Histologically, a normal scar was produced as a result of the material healing into the host's body. In one case, no residual implant material was found at the site of implantation, and the remodeled scar confirmed healing. No systemic inflammatory reaction was observed in any of the animals. The host organism's reaction to the bacterial cellulose allows us to believe that it meets the expectations as a material that can be widely used in reconstructive surgery. Nevertheless, this requires further research on a larger group and also using other foreign bodies. The next step would be an experiment on a group consisting of people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martyna Kur
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.-S.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Wacław Zając
- Independent Researcher, 75-671 Koszalin, Poland;
| | - Teresa Pankiewicz
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, University of Technology of Łódź, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Stanisław Bielecki
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, University of Technology of Łódź, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Jarosław Woliński
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Science Academy, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Jankau
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.-S.); (M.K.)
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13
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Magrone T, Cauli O, Valenzuela RW. Editorial: Food-polyphenol-induced modulation of neurodegeneration. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1234550. [PMID: 37469541 PMCID: PMC10352944 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1234550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thea Magrone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Omar Cauli
- Nursing Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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14
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Xu L, Yang Y, Zhong W, Li W, Liu C, Guo Z, Yu X. Comparative efficacy of five most common traditional Chinese medicine monomers for promoting recovery of motor function in rats with blunt spinal cord injury: a network meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1165076. [PMID: 37465765 PMCID: PMC10351986 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1165076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This research employed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the effectiveness of five traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers for promoting motor function recovery in rats with blunt spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Wangfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, PubMed, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases were searched for retrieving relevant articles published from their inception to December 2022. Two reviewers performed screening of search results, data extraction, and literature quality assessment independently. Results For this meta-analysis, 59 publications were included. Based on the recovery of motor function at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 in NMA, almost all TCM groups had significantly increased positive effects than the negative control animals. In terms of cumulative probability, the tanshinone IIA (TIIA) group ranked first in restoring motor function in the first week after blunt SCI, and the resveratrol (RSV) group ranked first during the last 3 weeks. Conclusion The NMA revealed that TCM monomers could effectively restore motor function in the rat model of blunt SCI. In rats with blunt SCI, TIIA may be the most effective TCM monomer during the first week, whereas RSV may be the most effective TCM monomer during the last 3 weeks in promoting motor function recovery. For better evidence reliability in preclinical investigations and safer extrapolation of those findings into clinical settings, further research standardizing the implementation and reporting of animal experiments is required. Systematic Review Registration https://inplasy.com/, identifier INPLASY202310070.
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Muzyka L, Goff NK, Choudhary N, Koltz MT. Systematic Review of Molecular Targeted Therapies for Adult-Type Diffuse Glioma: An Analysis of Clinical and Laboratory Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10456. [PMID: 37445633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common brain tumor in adults, and molecularly targeted therapies to treat gliomas are becoming a frequent topic of investigation. The current state of molecular targeted therapy research for adult-type diffuse gliomas has yet to be characterized, particularly following the 2021 WHO guideline changes for classifying gliomas using molecular subtypes. This systematic review sought to characterize the current state of molecular target therapy research for adult-type diffuse glioma to better inform scientific progress and guide next steps in this field of study. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were queried for study design, subject (patients, human cell lines, mice, etc.), type of tumor studied, molecular target, respective molecular pathway, and details pertaining to the molecular targeted therapy-namely the modality, dose, and duration of treatment. A total of 350 studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 52 of these were clinical studies, 190 were laboratory studies investigating existing molecular therapies, and 108 were laboratory studies investigating new molecular targets. Further, a total of 119 ongoing clinical trials are also underway, per a detailed query on clinicaltrials.gov. GBM was the predominant tumor studied in both ongoing and published clinical studies as well as in laboratory analyses. A few studies mentioned IDH-mutant astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. The most common molecular targets in published clinical studies and clinical trials were protein kinase pathways, followed by microenvironmental targets, immunotherapy, and cell cycle/apoptosis pathways. The most common molecular targets in laboratory studies were also protein kinase pathways; however, cell cycle/apoptosis pathways were the next most frequent target, followed by microenvironmental targets, then immunotherapy pathways, with the wnt/β-catenin pathway arising in the cohort of novel targets. In this systematic review, we examined the current evidence on molecular targeted therapy for adult-type diffuse glioma and discussed its implications for clinical practice and future research. Ultimately, published research falls broadly into three categories-clinical studies, laboratory testing of existing therapies, and laboratory identification of novel targets-and heavily centers on GBM rather than IDH-mutant astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma. Ongoing clinical trials are numerous in this area of research as well and follow a similar pattern in tumor type and targeted pathways as published clinical studies. The most common molecular targets in all study types were protein kinase pathways. Microenvironmental targets were more numerous in clinical studies, whereas cell cycle/apoptosis were more numerous in laboratory studies. Immunotherapy pathways are on the rise in all study types, and the wnt/β-catenin pathway is increasingly identified as a novel target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Muzyka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nicolas K Goff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nikita Choudhary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael T Koltz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Dos Santos Malavazzi TC, Fernandes KPS, Lopez TCC, Rodrigues MFSD, Horliana ACRT, Bussadori SK, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Effects of the invasive and non-invasive systemic photobiomodulation using low-level laser in experimental models: A systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:137. [PMID: 37318623 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Systemic photobiomodulation (PBM) of the blood or over blood vessels has been associated with bio-stimulating, vasodilating, and anti-inflammatory properties. This treatment modality has been used for modulating inflammatory processes, tissue repair, atherosclerosis, and systemic arterial hypertension, and is described more often in clinical studies than experimental models. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct a literature review regarding the effect of systemic PBM involving the intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) or non-invasive vascular photobiomodulation (VPBM) using low-level laser (LLL) in experimental (animal) models. The PubMed/MEDLINE®, Scopus, SPIE Digital Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles on the use of VPBM with LLL in animal models. Nine original articles met the inclusion criteria and were critically evaluated. The variables of interest were the dosimetric laser parameters, different methods for delivering energy, and the main results. The use laser in the red spectrum was more prevalent and VPBM (non-invasive) predominated over ILIB (invasive). No standardization was found in the dosimetric parameters. However, the studies showed the positive effects of VPBM on arterial pressure and blood circulation, the positive effects of ILIB on blood composition and hematological markers, as well as positive effects of both forms of systemic PBM (ILIB and VPBM) on the tissue repair process. In conclusion, the studies evaluated in the present review showed that the use of systemic PBM with ILIB or non-invasive VPBM induced positive effects, modulating metabolic conditions and tissue repair. However, there is a need for standardization in the dosimetric parameters for the different conditions and processes evaluated using experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainá Caroline Dos Santos Malavazzi
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Talita Christine Camilo Lopez
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Setubal Destro Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, 01525-000, Brazil.
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Kim MJ, Lee S, Kim SN. Effects of acupuncture on gastrointestinal diseases and its underlying mechanism: a literature review of animal studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1167356. [PMID: 37351066 PMCID: PMC10282137 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1167356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is a non-pharmacological traditional Chinese medical technique that has been used for various types of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in Eastern medicine. However, the specific mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatment in the GI tract have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we searched the electronic databases PUBMED, EMBASE, and MEDLINE and identified 30 eligible studies that were summarized in this review. This review demonstrates that treatments, including both manual and electroacupuncture, have therapeutic mechanisms in diverse GI diseases. The underlying mechanisms are broadly divided into the following: changes in gene expression in the gastric mucosa or nuclei of the solitary tract, metabolic change induction, regulation of anti-inflammatory substances, vagal activity increase, change in functional connectivity between brain regions, and control of the number of neurons related to GI diseases. Although this study is limited in that it does not represent all types of GI diseases with different acupuncture methods, this study identified acupuncture as effective for GI diseases through various biological mechanisms. We hope that our study will reveal various mechanisms of acupuncture in GI diseases and play an important role in the therapy and treatment of GI diseases, thus advancing the field of study.
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Puhakka N, Das Gupta S, Leskinen S, Heiskanen M, Nättinen J, Aapola U, Uusitalo H, Pitkänen A. Proteomics of Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotrauma Rep 2023; 4:359-366. [PMID: 37284699 PMCID: PMC10240307 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) damages the glymphatic-lymphatic system. We hypothesized that brain injury associated with trauma results in the enrichment of brain-relevant proteins in deep cervical lymph nodes (DCLNs), the end station of meningeal lymphatic vessels, and that some of these proteins will present mechanistic tissue biomarkers for TBI. Proteomes of rat DCLNs were investigated in the left DCLN (ipsilateral to injury) and right DCLN at 6.5 months after severe TBI induced by lateral fluid percussion injury or after sham operation. DCLN proteomes were identified using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra. Group comparisons, together with functional protein annotation analyses, were used to identify regulated protein candidates for further validation and pathway analyses. Validation of a selected candidate was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analysis comparing post-TBI animals with sham-operated controls revealed 25 upregulated and 16 downregulated proteins in the ipsilateral DCLN and 20 upregulated and 28 downregulated proteins in the contralateral DCLN of post-TBI animals. Protein class and function analyses highlighted the dysregulation of enzymes and binding proteins. Pathway analysis indicated an increase in autophagy. Biomarker analysis suggested that a subgroup of post-TBI animals had an increase in zonula occludens-1 coexpressed with proteins linked to molecular transport and amyloid precursor protein. We propose here that, after TBI, a subgroup of animals exhibit dysregulation of the TBI-relevant protein interactome in DCLNs, and that DCLNs might thus serve as an interesting biomarker source in future studies aiming to elucidate pathological brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Puhakka
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Shalini Das Gupta
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sara Leskinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mette Heiskanen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janika Nättinen
- Eye and Vision Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ulla Aapola
- Eye and Vision Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Eye and Vision Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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van der Ende J, Schallig HDFH. Leishmania Animal Models Used in Drug Discovery: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101650. [PMID: 37238080 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Many different animal models are in use for drug development for leishmaniasis, but a universal model does not exist. There is a plethora of models, and this review assesses their design, quality, and limitations, including the attention paid to animal welfare in the study design and execution. A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines of available literature after the year 2000 describing animal models for leishmaniasis. The risk of bias was determined using the SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias assessment tool. A total of 10,980 records were initially identified after searching the databases PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, and SciELO. Based on the application of predetermined exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 203 papers describing 216 animal experiments were available for full analysis. Major reasons for exclusion were a lack of essential study information or appropriate ethical review and approval. Mice (82.8%; an average of 35.9 animals per study) and hamsters (17.1%; an average of 7.4 animals per study) were the most frequently used animals, mostly commercially sourced, in the included studies. All studies lacked a formal sample size analysis. The promastigote stages of L. amazonensis or L. major were most frequently used to establish experimental infections (single inoculum). Animal welfare was poorly addressed in all included studies, as the definition of a human end-point or consideration of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) was hardly addressed. Most animals were euthanized at the termination of the experiment. The majority of the studies had an unknown or high risk of bias. Animal experiments for drug development for leishmaniasis mainly poorly designed and of low quality, lack appropriate ethical review, and are deficient in essential information needed to replicate and interpret the study. Importantly, aspects of animal welfare are hardly considered. This underpins the need to better consider and record the details of the study design and animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob van der Ende
- Fundación Quina Care Ecuador, Puerto el Carmen de Putumayo 210350, Sucumbíos, Ecuador
| | - Henk D F H Schallig
- Experimental Parasitology Unit, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Onisei T, Tihăuan BM, Dolete G, Axinie Bucos M, Răscol M, Isvoranu G. In Vivo Acute Toxicity and Immunomodulation Assessment of a Novel Nutraceutical in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041292. [PMID: 37111777 PMCID: PMC10144505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving and maintaining a well-balanced immune system has righteously become an insightful task for the general population and an even more fundamental goal for those affected by immune-related diseases. Since our immune functions are indispensable in defending the body against pathogens, diseases and other external attacks, while playing a vital role in maintaining health and modulating the immune response, we require an on-point grasp of their shortcoming as a foundation for the development of functional foods and novel nutraceuticals. Seeing that immunoceuticals are considered effective in improving immune functions and reducing the incidence of immunological disorders, the main focus of this study was to assess the immunomodulatory properties and possible acute toxicity of a novel nutraceutical with active substances of natural origin on C57BL/6 mice for 21 days. We evaluated the potential hazards (microbial contamination and heavy metals) of the novel nutraceutical and addressed the acute toxicity according to OECD guidelines of a 2000 mg/kg dose on mice for 21 days. The immunomodulatory effect was assessed at three concentrations (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) by determining body and organ indexes through a leukocyte analysis; flow cytometry immunophenotyping of lymphocytes populations and their subpopulations (T lymphocytes (LyCD3+), cytotoxic suppressor T lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+), helper T lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+), B lymphocytes (CD3-CD19+) and NK cells (CD3-NK1.1.+); and the expression of the CD69 activation marker. The results obtained for the novel nutraceutical referred to as ImunoBoost indicated no acute toxicity, an increased number of lymphocytes and the stimulation of lymphocyte activation and proliferation, demonstrating its immunomodulatory effect. The safe human consumption dose was established at 30 mg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Onisei
- The National Institute for Research and Development in Food Bioresources, Dinu Vintilă Street, No.6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bianca-Maria Tihăuan
- The National Institute for Research and Development in Food Bioresources, Dinu Vintilă Street, No.6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 50567 Bucharest, Romania
- Research & Development for Advanced Biotechnologies and Medical Devices, SC Sanimed International Impex SRL, 087040 Călugăreni, Romania
| | - Georgiana Dolete
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Research Center for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mădălina Axinie Bucos
- Research & Development for Advanced Biotechnologies and Medical Devices, SC Sanimed International Impex SRL, 087040 Călugăreni, Romania
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manuela Răscol
- The National Institute for Research and Development in Food Bioresources, Dinu Vintilă Street, No.6, 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghița Isvoranu
- National Institute of Pathology Victor Babeş-Bucharest, 99-101 Spl. Independenței, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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Brites-Ferreira A, Taiar R, Cardoso ALBD, De Souza-Santos D, da Costa-Borges PP, Torres-Nunes L, Jaques-Albuquerque LT, Monteiro-Oliveira BB, Boyer FC, da Cunha Sá-Caputo D, Rapin A, Bernardo-Filho M. Therapeutic Approach of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Wound Healing in Animal Models: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4925. [PMID: 36981833 PMCID: PMC10048796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human skin wounds pose a gathering threat to the public health, carrying an immense epidemiologic and financial burden. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological (NP) treatments have been proposed to the management of wound healing. Physical exercise is a strong NP intervention considered for patients in wound healing. Particularly, a type of exercise intervention known as whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has gained increasing interest. WBV exercise is generated due to the transmission of mechanical vibrations, produced by a vibrating platform, to the body. The aim of this review was to summarize studies in experimental animal models using WBV exercise in wound healing. Searches were performed in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science including publications on 21 November 2022 using the string "whole body vibration" AND "wound healing" (animal or mice or mouse or rat or rodent). The SYRCLE tool was used to assess the risk of bias (RoB). From 48 studies, five studies met the inclusion criteria. RoB indicated that none of the studies fulfilled all methodological analyzed criteria, resulting in possible biases. The studies were homogeneous, and results suggest beneficial effects of WBV exercise in wound healing, mainly related to enhancing angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, reducing the blood glucose level and enhancing blood microcirculation, by increasing myofiber growth and rapid re-epithelialization. In conclusion, the various biological effects of the response to the WBV exercise indicate the relevance of this intervention in wound healing in animals. Moreover, considering the translation approach, it is possible to speculate that the beneficial effects of this non-pharmacological therapy might justify clinical trials for wound healing also in humans, after criterion evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrielli Brites-Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Redha Taiar
- MATériaux et Ingénierie Mécanique (MATIM), Université de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - André Luiz Bandeira Dionizio Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Daysa De Souza-Santos
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Patricia Prado da Costa-Borges
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Luiza Torres-Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Luelia Teles Jaques-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bessa Monteiro-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Francois Constant Boyer
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Reims, Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital Sébastopol, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092 Reims, France
- Faculté de Médecine, VieFra, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Danúbia da Cunha Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Amandine Rapin
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Reims, Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital Sébastopol, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092 Reims, France
- Faculté de Médecine, VieFra, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
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22
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Ismail M, Bai B, Guo J, Bai Y, Sajid Z, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Experimental Validation of MHC Class I and II Peptide-Based Potential Vaccine Candidates for Human Papilloma Virus Using Sprague-Dawly Models. Molecules 2023; 28:1687. [PMID: 36838675 PMCID: PMC9968051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes cervical and many other cancers. Recent trend in vaccine design is shifted toward epitope-based developments that are more specific, safe, and easy to produce. In this study, we predicted eight immunogenic peptides of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class I and II as M1 and M2) including early proteins (E2 and E6), major (L1) and minor capsid protein (L2). Male and female Sprague Dawly rats in groups were immunized with each synthetic peptide. L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, and L2M2 induced significant immunogenic response compared to E2M1, E2M2, E6M1 and E6M2. We observed optimal titer of IgG antibodies (>1.25 g/L), interferon-γ (>64 ng/L), and granzyme-B (>40 pg/mL) compared to control at second booster dose (240 µg/500 µL). The induction of peptide-specific IgG antibodies in immunized rats indicates the T-cell dependent B-lymphocyte activation. A substantial CD4+ and CD8+ cell count was observed at 240 µg/500 µL. In male and female rats, CD8+ cell count for L1 and L2 peptide is 3000 and 3118, and CD4+ is 3369 and 3484 respectively compared to control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, L2M2 are likely to contain potential epitopes for induction of immune responses supporting the feasibility of peptide-based vaccine development for HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou 325015, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The 1st School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453513, China
| | - Yuhui Bai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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23
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Pinto R, Ardoino L, Villani P, Marino C. In Vivo Studies on Radiofrequency (100 kHz-300 GHz) Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2071. [PMID: 36767440 PMCID: PMC9915925 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing exposure of the human population to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields has increased concern about its possible health effects. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an update of the state of the research on this topic, through a quantitative analysis, to assess the increased risk of tumor incidence in laboratory animals (rodents) without limitations of species, strain, sex or genotype. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline and individual studies were assessed by referring to the OHAT Risk of Bias Rating Tool for Human and Animal Studies. A total of 27 studies were considered eligible for the evaluation of tumor incidence; a meta-analysis was carried out on 23 studies to assess the possible increased risk of both malignant and benign tumors onset at the systemic level or in different organs/tissues. A significant association between exposure to RF and the increased/decreased risk of cancer does not result from the meta-analysis in most of considered tissues. A significant increased/decreased risk can be numerically observed only in heart, CNS/brain, and intestine for malignant tumors. Nevertheless, the assessment of the body of evidence attributes low or inadequate evidence for an association between RF exposure and the onset of neoplasm in all tissues.
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24
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Kuryk L, Møller ASW. Next generation oncolytic viruses expressing PADI1 and TIMP2 exhibit anti-tumor activity against melanoma in nude and humanized mouse models. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:158-170. [PMID: 36816748 PMCID: PMC9922816 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy of metastatic melanoma (MM) has vastly improved the longevity of only a minority of patients. To broaden the repertoire of agents against MM, we investigated the effectiveness of locally interrupting tumor blood endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, arginine deprivation, or both on the growth of melanoma by constructing and characterizing the effectiveness of four oncolytic adenoviruses. ONCOS-207 (which expressed tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease type 2 [TIMP2]), ONCOS-209 (which expressed peptidyl arginine deiminase [PADI1]), and ONCOS-210 and ONCOS-212 (which expressed both TIMP2 and PADI1) exhibited oncolytic activity against four melanoma cell lines in vitro. ONCOS-212 treatments significantly inhibited tumor growth in an A2058 tumor model in nude mice compared with vehicle control. The inhibitory effects of the two transgenes of ONCOS-212 on tumor growth appeared to be synergistic. These viruses also significantly inhibited tumor growth in a humanized NOG model of melanoma (A2058 xenograft). All viruses significantly increased the percentage of activated CD8+ T cells in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The abscopal effect of ONCOS-212 treatments in the A2058 tumor challenge model in hNOG mice supports the hypothesis that the human immune response contributes to the anti-tumor activity of ONCOS-212. These results support the further development of ONCOS-212 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kuryk
- Targovax ASA, Clinical Science, Vollsveien 19, NO-1366 Lysaker Oslo, Norway,National Institute of Public Health NIH – National Research Institute, Department of Virology, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland,Corresponding author: Lukasz Kuryk, National Institute of Public Health NIH – National Research Institute, Department of Virology, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Rupp DC, Canty D, Rhéaume C, Sondergaard B, Niño C, Broide RS, Brideau-Andersen AD. A Preclinical Study Comparing the Activity and Potency of OnabotulinumtoxinA and PrabotulinumtoxinA. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:581-591. [PMID: 36923693 PMCID: PMC10008670 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s397999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective The goal of this study was to compare the unit-to-unit biological activity of the vacuum-dried formulation of prabotulinumtoxinA (prabotA) and onabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) in preclinical assays. Methods Reconstituted 100 U vials of prabotA and onabotA were tested in 3 distinct assays: plate-capture light chain activity (PC-LCA), measuringlight chain enzymatic activity after recovery of toxin from reconstituted product using a proprietary toxin capture step; cell-based potency assay (CBPA), measuring the intoxication steps of binding, translocation, and light chain activity (synaptosomal-associated protein 25 [SNAP25] cleavage); and mouse Digit Abduction Score (DAS), evaluating muscle paresis. Each assay tested 3 separate prabotA and onabotA lots on several independent test dates. Results Multiple orthogonal assays established that when assessed on a unit-to-unit basis, the biological activity of prabotA is lower than that of onabotA. In the PC-LCA and CBPA assays, onabotA displayed 1.51 ± 0.14-fold higher (mean ± SD) and 1.33 ± 0.07-fold higher (mean of pooled lots ± SEM) activity than prabotA, respectively. Similarly, the mouse DAS data showed that onabotA had 1.4 ± 0.1-fold higher (mean ± SEM) potency than prabotA. Results of all 3 assays demonstrated differences in potency, efficacy, and duration of action between onabotA and prabotA on a unit-to-unit basis. Conclusion Preclinical assays established differences in the biological activity of onabotA and prabotA, supporting that the units of biological activity are not interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Rupp
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David Canty
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Celina Niño
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ron S Broide
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, CA, USA
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26
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Avanzi IR, Parisi JR, Souza A, Cruz MA, Martignago CCS, Ribeiro DA, Braga ARC, Renno AC. 3D-printed hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: A systematic review in experimental animal studies. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:203-219. [PMID: 35906778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The use of 3D-printed hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds for stimulating bone healing has been increasing over the years. Although all the promising effects of these scaffolds, there are still few studies and limited understanding of their interaction with bone tissue and their effects on the process of fracture healing. In this context, this study aimed to perform a systematic literature review examining the effects of different 3D-printed HA scaffolds in bone healing. The search was made according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) orientations and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors "3D printing," "bone," "HA," "repair," and "in vivo." Thirty-six articles were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases. After eligibility analyses, 20 papers were included (covering the period of 2016 and 2021). Results demonstrated that all the studies included in this review showed positive outcomes, indicating the efficacy of scaffolds treated groups in the in vivo experiments for promoting bone healing in different animal models. In conclusion, 3D-printed HA scaffolds are excellent candidates as bone grafts due to their bioactivity and good bone interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Regina Avanzi
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.,São Paulo State Faculty of Technology (FATEC), Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Souza
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | - Matheus Almeida Cruz
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | - Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Renno
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
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27
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Xu T, Liu X, Wang S, Kong H, Yu X, Liu C, Song H, Gao P, Zhang X. Effect of Pheretima aspergillum on reducing fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1039553. [PMID: 36618931 PMCID: PMC9816480 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1039553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pheretima aspergillum (common name: Earthworm, Chinese name: dilong) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Recently, a few scientific studies have investigated the antifibrotic effects of Dilong extract (DE) and produced controversial results. We conducted a meta-analysis to make an informed decision on the antifibrotic effects of Dilong extract. Methods: The studies on antifibrotic effects of Dilong extract published until July 2022 in the scientific databases [PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, SinoMed and WanFang database] were reviewed. The RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for standardized mean difference (SMD) analysis. Two researchers independently reviewed all the studies, and their quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 325 studies were found in the scientific databases; however, only 13 studies met the criteria for analysis. Dilong extract treatment was associated with antifibrotic effects via inhibiting the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1, SMD = -3.16, 95% CI: -4.18, -2.14, p < .00001) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA: SMD = -2.57, 95% CI: -3.47, -1.66, p < .00001). Conclusion: Dilong extract effectively reduces tissue fibrosis; thus, further scientific studies should be conducted to investigate and develop it for clinical use. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022357141.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongwei Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Congying Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huaying Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Peng Gao, ; Xin Zhang,
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Peng Gao, ; Xin Zhang,
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28
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Marini HR, Micali A, Puzzolo D, Minutoli L, Antonuccio P. Varicocele, Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: From Mechanisms of Action in Animal Models to Therapeutic Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416118. [PMID: 36555779 PMCID: PMC9784674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is one of the main causes of infertility in men, thus representing an important clinical problem worldwide. Inflammation contributes mainly to its pathogenesis, even if the exact pathophysiological mechanisms that correlate varicocele and infertility are still unknown. In addition, oxidative stress, apoptosis, hypoxia, and scrotal hyperthermia seem to play important roles. So far, the treatment of varicocele and the care of the fertility-associated problems still represent an area of interest for researchers, although many advances have occurred over the past few years. Recent experimental animal studies, as well as the current epidemiological evidence in humans, demonstrated that many functional foods of natural origin and nutraceuticals that are particularly abundant in the Mediterranean diet showed anti-inflammatory effects in varicocele. The aim of the present narrative review is to mainly evaluate recent experimental animal studies regarding the molecular mechanisms of varicocele and the state of the art about possible therapeutic approaches. As the current literature demonstrates convincing associations between diet, food components and fertility, the rational intake of nutraceuticals, which are particularly abundant in foods typical of plant-based eating patterns, may be a reliable therapeutic supportive care against varicocele and, consequently, could be very useful in the cure of fertility-associated problems in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Ryan Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-3652
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Yan YP, Chen JY, Lu JH. Disease-Modifying Activity of Huperzine A on Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence from Preclinical Studies on Rodent Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36499562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Huperzine A, a natural cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor isolated from the Chinese herb Huperzia Serrata, has been used as a dietary supplement in the United States and a drug in China for therapeutic intervention on Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review aims to determine whether Huperzine A exerts disease-modifying activity through systematic analysis of preclinical studies on rodent AD models. (2) Methods: Sixteen preclinical studies were included based on specific criteria, and the methodological qualities were analyzed by SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Some outcomes were meta-analyzed: latencies and time spent in quadrant of Morris water maze, soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) level measured by ELISA in the cortex and hippocampus, Aβ plaque numbers measured by immunohistochemistry in hippocampus, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and AChE activity. Finally, the mechanisms of Huperzine A on AD models were summarized. (3) Conclusions: The outcomes showed that Huperzine A displayed AChE inhibition, ChAT activity enhancement, memory improvement, and Aβ decreasing activity, indicating the disease-modifying effect of Huperzine A. However, due to the uneven methodological quality, the results need to be rationally viewed, and extensively repeated.
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30
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Wragge-Morley A. Medicine, connoisseurship, and the animal body. Hist Sci 2022; 60:481-499. [PMID: 32847416 DOI: 10.1177/0073275320949001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This essay reconsiders the links between medicine, connoisseurship, and aesthetic theory in early eighteenth-century Britain. Taking a satire on the body of the physician and collector John Woodward as its starting point, I show that medicine and connoisseurship shared a deep preoccupation with the possibility that the animal body could excessively influence the workings of the mind. Pursuing this line of argument, moreover, I will reconsider the place of mind-body dualism in eighteenth-century British medicine and aesthetics. With the exception of materialists such as the philosopher-physician Bernard Mandeville, medics and aesthetic theorists tended to identify the exercise of judgment with the operations of a disembodied mind, unsullied by the embodied mechanisms of the lower body. In practice, however, the insistence that the most refined forms of judgment depended on the presence and activity of a disembodied, immaterial soul was less meaningful than it seems. When confronted by failures of judgment, medics and connoisseurs alike sought explanations in the mechanisms of the animal body. Whether or not they believed in the immateriality of the soul, they pictured the mind as a malfunctioning animal machine, to be cured through the material agency of medical therapeutics.
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Akbar YM, Maskoen AM, Mardiati E, Wandawa G, Setiawan AS. Potential Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:16-23. [PMID: 36220124 PMCID: PMC9949925 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental principles of tooth movement could reduce the duration of treatment and achieve a stable outcome, resulting in patient satisfaction. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was a modality in which a patient inhaled 100% O2 while subjected to high atmospheric pressure. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy facilitated the supply of oxygen to the human body's organs and tissues and served a variety of applications, including patient care and wound treatment. This review article aimed to describe animal studies of the potential effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in orthodontic therapy. It was conducted using a systematic literature review method, including searching PubMed and Google Scholar for publications relevant to the research topics. The search was filtered to include only research on orthodontic treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy and was published in any year. Articles that did not specify biological components of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) were excluded. The Preferred Reporting Items identified the papers for the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) strategy, which resulted in the selection of 11 publications. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy affected parameters of biomarkers representing the clinical, molecular, and cellular biology of bone formation and resorption in periodontal tissues in responding to orthodontic physical forces, including alkaline phosphatase, collagen synthesis, osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, type I collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, fibroblast, matrix metalloproteinase-8, transforming growth factor-β, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, trabecular bone density, and tooth mobility. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy induced an inflammatory response to follow OTM events during active orthodontic therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy might play a role in the tissue healing process during passive treatment. Nonetheless, additional research should be conducted to establish the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in orthodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Mukmin Akbar
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia,Department of Research Development, Indonesian Naval Dental Institute R.E. Martadinata, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ani Melani Maskoen
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Endah Mardiati
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ganesha Wandawa
- Department of Research Development, Indonesian Naval Dental Institute R.E. Martadinata, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arlette Suzy Setiawan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia,Address for correspondence Arlette Suzy Setiawan Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas PadjadjaranJl. Sekeloa Selatan 1, Bandung 40132Indonesia
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Role in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29968. [PMID: 36381829 PMCID: PMC9637434 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's, a neurodegenerative disease that starts slowly and worsens progressively, is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Recent studies have linked the brain with the gut and its microbiota through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, opening the door for gut-modifying agents (e.g., prebiotics and probiotics) to influence our brain's cognitive function. This review aims to identify and summarize the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a gut-microbiota-modifying agent on the progressive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This systematic review is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A systematic search was done using Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, and ScienceDirect databases in June 2022. The predefined criteria upon which the studies were selected are English language, past 10 years of narrative reviews, observational studies, case reports, and animal studies involving Alzheimer's subjects as no previous meta-analysis or systematic reviews were done on this subject. Later, a quality assessment was done using the available assessment tool based on each study type. The initial search generated 4,302 studies, yielding 13 studies to be included in the final selection: 1 cohort, 2 case reports, 2 animal studies, and 8 narrative reviews. Our results showed that FMT positively affected AD subjects (whether mice or humans). In humans, the FMT effect was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), showing improvement in Alzheimer's symptoms of mood, memory, and cognition. However, randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials are essential for more conclusive results.
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Li Y, Hung SW, Zhang R, Man GCW, Zhang T, Chung JPW, Fang L, Wang CC. Melatonin in Endometriosis: Mechanistic Understanding and Clinical Insight. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194087. [PMID: 36235740 PMCID: PMC9572886 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the development of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Pathophysiology of this disease includes abnormal hormone profiles, cell survival, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, immunology, and inflammation. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that is synthesized and released primarily at night from the mammalian pineal gland. Increasing evidence has revealed that melatonin can be synthesized and secreted from multiple extra-pineal tissues where it regulates immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis locally. Melatonin receptors are expressed in the uterus, and the therapeutic effects of melatonin on endometriosis and other reproductive disorders have been reported. In this review, key information related to the metabolism of melatonin and its biological effects is summarized. Furthermore, the latest in vitro and in vivo findings are highlighted to evaluate the pleiotropic functions of melatonin, as well as to summarize its physiological and pathological effects and treatment potential in endometriosis. Moreover, the pharmacological and therapeutic benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on reproductive system-related disease are discussed to support the potential of melatonin supplements toward the development of endometriosis. More clinical trials are needed to confirm its therapeutic effects and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sze-Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Gene Chi-Wai Man
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui-Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chi-Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
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Li G, Shi Y, Zhang L, Yang C, Wan T, Lv H, Jian W, Li J, Li M. Efficacy of acupuncture in animal models of vascular dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:952181. [PMID: 36062145 PMCID: PMC9434110 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.952181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Acupuncture is widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of vascular diseases. However, the protocol, efficacy, and mechanism of acupuncture in animal models of vascular dementia are still controversial. Based on the above problems, we initiated this comprehensive study. Methods To analyze the literatures included in this study, 4 databases were searched and the SYRCLE's Risk of bias tool was employed. To perform the subgroup analysis of different acupuncture methods and the Review Manager 5.3 was applied. Meanwhile, the pairwise and network meta-analysis were conducted using Addis 1.16.8. The outcomes included escape latency, number of crossings, time spent in the target quadrant, and swimming speed. Results Forty-two studies with a total of 1,486 animals were included in this meta-analysis. According to the results from subgroup analysis, GV20 + ST36 (Baihui + bilateral Zusanli) combined with 14-day manual acupuncture can obtain best improvement of the rats cognitive function among all acupuncture regimens (MD: -23.41; 95%CI: -26.66, -20.15; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001). The heterogeneity of other acupuncture treatments was significantly higher than that of GV20 + ST36, because the treatment courses were not uniform. Pair-wise and network comparisons are highly consistent. The major results of the network meta-analysis were as follows, In comparison to the impaired group, the acupuncture group showed significantly reduced escape latency (MD: -25.87; 95%CI: -30.75, -21.12), increased number of original platform crossings (MD: 2.63; 95%CI: 1.94, 3.34) and time spent in the target quadrant (MD: 7.88; 95%CI: 4.25, 11.44). The overall results of the network meta-analysis are as follows: the normal and sham-operated groups performed the best, followed by medicine and acupuncture, while no effect was found in the impaired group treated with non-acupoint and palliative. Conclusions Acupuncture significantly improves cognitive function in rats with vascular dementia. Compared to other acupuncture plans, (GV20 + ST36, MA) and 14 -day manual acupuncture can be used to obtain better results. The main mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of vascular dementia is reduced oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and apoptosis, as well as the increased synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitters. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2021-11-0036/, identifier: INPLASY2021110036.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Li
- Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanghui Yang
- Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Lv
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Jian
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghu Li
- Department of Massage, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Prasad K, de Vries EFJ, Sijbesma JWA, Garcia-Varela L, Vazquez-Matias DA, Moraga-Amaro R, Willemsen ATM, Dierckx RAJO, van Waarde A. Impact of an Adenosine A 2A Receptor Agonist and Antagonist on Binding of the Dopamine D 2 Receptor Ligand [ 11C]raclopride in the Rodent Striatum. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2992-3001. [PMID: 35849844 PMCID: PMC9346611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors in the basal ganglia form heterotetrameric structures that are involved in the regulation of motor activity and neuropsychiatric functions. The present study examines the A2A receptor-mediated modulation of D2 receptor binding in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) with the D2 antagonist tracer [11C]raclopride. Healthy male Wistar rats (n = 8) were scanned (60 min dynamic scan) with [11C]raclopride at baseline and 7 days later following an acute administration of the A2A agonist CGS21680 (1 mg/kg), using a MicroPET Focus-220 camera. Nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) values were calculated using a simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), with cerebellum as the reference tissue. SRTM analysis did not show any significant changes in [11C]raclopride BPND (p = 0.102) in striatum after CGS21680 administration compared to the baseline. As CGS21680 strongly affects hemodynamics, we also used arterial blood sampling and a metabolite-corrected plasma input function for compartment modeling using the reversible two-tissue compartment model (2TCM) to obtain the BPND from the k3/k4 ratio and from the striatum/cerebellum volume of distribution ratio (DVR) in a second group of animals. These rats underwent dynamic [11C]raclopride scans after pretreatment with a vehicle (n = 5), a single dose of CGS21680 (1 mg/kg, n = 5), or a single dose of the A2A antagonist KW6002 (1 mg/kg, n = 5). The parent fraction in plasma was significantly higher in the CGS21680-treated group (p = 0.0001) compared to the vehicle-treated group. GCS21680 administration significantly reduced the striatal k3/k4 ratio (p < 0.01), but k3 and k4 estimates may be less reliable. The BPND (DVR-1) decreased from 1.963 ± 0.27 in the vehicle-treated group to 1.53 ± 0.55 (p = 0.080) or 1.961 ± 0.11 (p = 0.993) after the administration of CGS21680 or KW6002, respectively. Our study suggests that the A2A agonist CGS21680, but not the antagonist KW6002, may reduce the D2 receptor availability in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen W A Sijbesma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Garcia-Varela
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel A Vazquez-Matias
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Moraga-Amaro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoon T M Willemsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Masson JD, Angrand L, Badran G, de Miguel R, Crépeaux G. Clearance, biodistribution, and neuromodulatory effects of aluminum-based adjuvants. Systematic review and meta-analysis: what do we learn from animal studies? Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:403-419. [PMID: 36112128 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) salts are commonly used as adjuvants in human and veterinary vaccines for almost a century. Despite this long history of use and the very large number of exposed individuals, data in the literature concerning the fate of these molecules after injection and their potential effects on the nervous system is limited. In the context of (i) an increase of exposure to Al salts through vaccination; (ii) the absence of safety values determined by health regulators; (iii) the lack of robustness of the studies used as references to officially claim Al adjuvant innocuity; (iv) the publication of several animal studies investigating Al salts clearance/biopersistence and neurotoxicity; we have examined in this review all published studies performed on animals and assessing Al adjuvants kinetics, biodistribution, and neuromodulation since the first work of A. Glenny in the 1920s. The diversity of methodological approaches, results, and potential weaknesses of the 31 collected studies are exposed. A large range of protocols has been used, including a variety of exposure schedule and analyses methods, making comparisons between studies uneasy. Nevertheless, published data highlight that when biopersistence, translocation, or neuromodulation were assessed, they were documented whatever the different in vivo models and methods used. Moreover, the studies pointed out the crucial importance of the different Al adjuvant physicochemical properties and host genetic background on their kinetics, biodistribution, and neuromodulatory effects. Regarding the state of the art on this key public health topic, further studies are clearly needed to determine the exact safety level of Al salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-D Masson
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - L Angrand
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, IMRB, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - G Badran
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire SABNP, Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Paris, France
| | - R de Miguel
- Department of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Crépeaux
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, IMRB, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Ritz T. Editorial: Why fish and amphibians are important for biological psychologists. Biol Psychol 2022;:108383. [PMID: 35750089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Meseck EK, Guibinga G, Wang S, McElroy C, Hudry E, Mansfield K. Intrathecal sc-AAV9-CB-GFP: Systemic Distribution Predominates Following Single-Dose Administration in Cynomolgus Macaques. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:415-431. [PMID: 35658751 PMCID: PMC9284083 DOI: 10.1177/01926233221101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biodistribution of self-complementary adeno-associated virus-9 (scAAV9)–chicken β-actin
promoter–green fluorescent protein (GFP) was assessed in juvenile cynomolgus macaques
infused intrathecally via lumbar puncture or the intracisterna magna (1.0×1013
or 3.0×1013 vg/animal), with necropsy 28 days later. Our results characterized
central nervous system biodistribution compared with systemic organs/tissues by droplet
digital polymerase chain reaction for DNA and in situ hybridization.
Green fluorescent protein expression was characterized by Meso Scale Discovery
electrochemiluminescence immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Biodistribution was widespread but variable, with vector DNA and GFP expression greatest
in the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and certain systemic tissues (e.g., liver),
with low concentrations in many brain regions despite direct cerebrospinal fluid
administration. Transduction and expression were observed primarily in perivascular
astrocytes in the brain, with a paucity in neurons. Greater GFP expression was observed in
hepatocytes, striated myocytes, cardiomyocytes, spinal cord lower motor neurons, and DRG
sensory neurons by IHC. These results should be considered when evaluating scAAV9-based
intrathecal delivery with the current expression cassette as a modality for neurologic
diseases that require widespread brain neuronal expression. This capsid/expression
cassette combination may be better suited for diseases that express a secreted protein
and/or do not require widespread brain neuronal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Meseck
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ghiabe Guibinga
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Biologics Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Stephen Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cameron McElroy
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Eloise Hudry
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith Mansfield
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Wang L, Wei L, Long W, Zhang Q, Zou Y. Sustained transdermal delivery of human growth hormone from niosomal gel: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2022; 33:1198-1212. [PMID: 35192434 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2045667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human growth hormone (hGH) is widely used to treat several diseases for decades. However, the current treatment regime requires frequent injections via subcutaneous route due to short in vivo half-life, which leads to pain and poor patient compliance. In this study, a novel transdermal (non-invasive) hGH loaded niosomes gel was prepared to reduce the frequency of subcutaneous injections and to improve the patient compliance. Niosomes were prepared by film hydration technique at three levels of cholesterol. The particle size and entrapment efficiency increases with an increase in the level of cholesterol. Transmission electron microscopy images confirmed the spherical shape of niosomes without aggregation. Texture profiles analysis indicates that the niosomal gel has the required mechanical properties for transdermal application. The ex vivo permeation profile showed sustain hGH release for 4 days from the niosomal gel compared to 24 h from the control gel without niosomes. A rabbit skin irritation study showed no sign of irritation after application of niosomal gel. The pharmacokinetic parameters in the rat model showed 7.22-fold higher bioavailability with niosomal gel compared to control gel. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the potential of niosomal gel as an effective long-term sustained release strategy for hGH delivery to replace traditional subcutaneous injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, China
| | - Lulu Wei
- Department of Child Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, China
| | - Wenbin Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiamusi Central Hospital, Jiamusi City, China
| | - Yanhong Zou
- Department of Child Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi City, China
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Cardoso AL, Sá-Caputo DC, Asad NR, van Heuvelen MJ, van der Zee EA, Ribeiro-Carvalho A, Bernardo-Filho M. Beneficial effects of whole-body vibration exercise for brain disorders in experimental studies with animal models: a systematic review. Behav Brain Res 2022;:113933. [PMID: 35654174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Brain disorders have been a health challenge and is increasing over the years. Early diagnosis and interventions are considered essential strategies to treat patients at risk of brain disease. Physical exercise has shown to be beneficial for patients with brain diseases. A type of exercise intervention known as whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise gained increasing interest. During WBV, mechanical vibrations, produced by a vibrating platform are transmitted, to the body. The purpose of the current review was to summarize the effects of WBV exercise on brain function and behavior in experimental studies with animal models. Searches were performed in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science including publications from 1960 to July 2021, using the keywords "whole body vibration" AND (animal or mice or mouse or rat or rodent). From 1284 hits, 20 papers were selected. Rats were the main animal model used (75%) followed by mice (20%) and porcine model (5%), 16 studies used males species and 4 females. The risk of bias, accessed with the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool, indicated that none of the studies fulfilled all methodological criteria, resulting in possible bias. Despite heterogeneity, the results suggest beneficial effects of WBV exercise on brain functioning, mainly related to motor performance, coordination, behavioral control, neuronal plasticity and synapse function. In conclusion, the findings observed in animal studies justifies continued clinical research regarding the effectiveness and potential of WBV for the treatment of various types of brain disorders such as trauma, developmental disorders, neurogenetic diseases and other neurological diseases.
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Xu Y, Li H. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of brimonidine loaded silica nanoparticles-laden silicone contact lenses to manage glaucoma. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:333-343. [PMID: 35482359 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221090880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is treated by frequent instillation of 0.2% w/v brimonidine tartrate eye drop solution, which showed poor ocular bioavailability of 1-3%. Medicated contact lenses can be used to improve the ocular drug bioavailability. However, drug loading in the contact lens matrix showed high burst release and changes the optophysical properties of the contact lens material. In this paper, a novel brimonidine loaded silica nanoparticles-laden silicone contact lenses (Bri-Si) were designed to achieve controlled drug delivery without altering the optophysical properties of the contact lens. Silica nanoparticles were prepared by polymerizing octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) molecules at the oil/water interface of microemulsion. Traditional soaking method (Bri-SM), direct brimonidine-loading method (Bri-DL) and microemulsion-laden contact lens (Bri-ME) were developed for comparison. The Bri-Si lens showed improved swelling, transmittance, oxygen permeability and lysozyme adherence compared to Bri-SM, Bri-DL and Bri-ME lenses. The Bri-DL lens showed high brimonidine leaching during extraction and sterilization steps, with low cumulative drug release. While, Bri-Si lens show controlled brimonidine release for 144 h. In a rabbit tear fluid model, the Bri-Si lens showed high brimonidine concentration for 96 h compared to Bri-ME lens and eye drop therapy. Based on histopathological studies of cornea, the Bri-Si lens was found to be safe for human applications. The data demonstrated the novel application of silica nanoparticles to control brimonidine release from the contact lens without altering the optophysical properties of the contact lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Xu
- Department of Ophtalmology, 74723Zhenjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212008, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Ophtalmology, 12432Heilongjiang University Hospital, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150080, China
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Chen D, Zhang N. Lipid liquid-crystalline nanoparticles sustained teicoplanin delivery for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:288-297. [PMID: 35475397 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2071492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of our work is to formulate teicoplanin-loaded lipid liquid-crystalline (cubosomes) nanoparticles laden gel to sustain the release of teicoplanin for effective treatment of infected bone. METHODS Cubosomal gels were prepared by emulsification technique. The batches were characterized for morphology, size, entrapment efficacy, viscosity, in-vitro flux, in-vivo drug release and histopathological studies. RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy images confirmed the bi-continuous liquid crystalline phase. The size (61-202nm), viscosity (12,138-13,132cp), and entrapment efficacy (69.0-81.8% w/w) increase with the level of glycerol monooleate. The in-vitro flux data showed sustain teicoplanin release from the cubosomal gels for 36 days, compared to 48h from the control gel. The in-vivo teicoplanin release study (osteomyelitis induced by S. aureus) showed low serum drug-concentration from the gel (up to 14 days) compared to high-serum drug-concentration using intravenous injections. CONCUSSION In conclusion the study demonstrated the potential of cubosomes for effective delivery of teicoplanin to replace injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224599, China
| | - Na Zhang
- B-ultrasound room, Jiyang People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, 251400, China
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Zhang H, Cui Y, Zhang X, Yuan X, Xu D, Zhang L. Sustained delivery of salbutamol from cubosomal gel for management of pediatric asthma: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:252-260. [PMID: 35384781 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM In the current study, efforts are being made to formulate transdermal salbutamol-cubosomal gel to manage pediatric asthma. METHODS Salbutamol-loaded cubosomal gels were prepared by melt emulsification and sonication. The cubosomal gels were characterized by morphology, particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficacy, assay, viscosity, and texture profiles. Ex vivo permeation and pharmacokinetic studies were performed using rats. RESULTS The mean cubosomal particle size (208-361 ± 12.5-32.5 nm), PDI (0.06-0.11 ± 0.01-0.02), viscosity (8527-9019 cp), and entrapment efficacy (76.3-91.0% w/w) increase with the level of monoolein. The ex vivo permeation study showed a biphasic release pattern, with salbutamol cleared from control gel within 8 h, while cubosomal gels showed sustained release up to 72 h. The pharmacokinetic profiles in the rat model showed 8.62-fold higher bioavailability with cubosomal gel. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated the potential of cubosomal nanoparticle-laden gel to sustain the release of salbutamol to treat pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yanjie Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongda Hospital of Shanxian County, Heze, Shandong, 274300, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Xunling Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China
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Dello Russo C, Bandiera T, Monici M, Surdo L, Yip VLM, Wotring V, Morbidelli L. Physiological adaptations affecting drug pharmacokinetics in space: what do we really know? A critical review of the literature. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2538-2557. [PMID: 35170019 PMCID: PMC9314132 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As human spaceflight progresses with extended mission durations, the demand for effective and safe drugs will necessarily increase. To date, the accepted medications used during missions (for space motion sickness, sleep disturbances, allergies, pain, and sinus congestion) are administered under the assumption that they act as safely and efficaciously as on Earth. However, physiological changes have been documented in human subjects in spaceflight involving fluid shifts, muscle and bone loss, immune system dysregulation, and adjustments in the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism. These alterations may change the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of commonly used medications. Frustratingly, the information gained from bed rest studies and from in‐flight observations is incomplete and also demonstrates a high variability in drug PK. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to report (i) the impact of the space environmental stressors on human physiology in relation to PK; (ii) the state‐of‐the‐art on experimental data in space and/or in ground‐based models; (iii) the validation of ground‐based models for PK studies; and (iv) the identification of research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Dello Russo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dept. of Healthcare Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Pharmacology, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science and Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3-PharmaChemistry Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Monici
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Res. Div. & Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Leonardo Surdo
- Space Applications Services NV/SA for the European Space Agency, NL-2200AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Lai Ming Yip
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science and Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Caini S, Chioccioli S, Pastore E, Fontana M, Tortora K, Caderni G, Masala G. Fish Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Meta-Analysis of Prospective Epidemiological Studies and Review of Evidence from Animal Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:640. [PMID: 35158907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies on the association between fish consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have yielded inconsistent results, despite evidence from preclinical studies that long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective epidemiological studies investigating the association between fish consumption and CRC risk among humans and reviewed studies examining the link between fish components and colorectal carcinogenesis in animal models. Methods: We included studies published until November 2020. We calculated the summary risk ratio (SRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through random effects meta-analysis models in order to summarize evidence from studies among humans. Results: Twenty-five prospective epidemiological studies encompassing 25,777 CRC cases were included. Individuals in the highest (vs. lowest) category of fish consumption had a significantly reduced risk of CRC (SRR 0.94, 95%CI 0.89-0.99). In dose-response meta-analysis, a 50-g increment in the daily consumption of fish was associated with a statistically significant 4% reduction in CRC risk (SRR 0.96, 95%CI 0.92-0.99). Preclinical studies (n = 25) identified multiple mechanisms of action of fish and fish components on colorectal carcinogenesis. Conclusions: Dietary recommendations for cancer prevention should take into account the evidence from epidemiological and preclinical studies that increasing fish consumption may be effective in preventing CRC.
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Ye Y, Zhou CC, Hu HQ, Fukuzawa I, Zhang HL. Underlying mechanisms of acupuncture therapy on polycystic ovary syndrome: Evidences from animal and clinical studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1035929. [PMID: 36353235 PMCID: PMC9637827 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1035929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age. Current standard treatment includes lifestyle change, oral pharmacological agents, and surgical modalities. However, the efficacy of current therapies is less than satisfactory. Clinical evidence has shown that acupuncture is effective for regulating hormone levels, promoting ovulation, and attenuating insulin resistance in patients with PCOS. Acupuncture may affect the production of β-endorphin, which may lead to gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and then affect ovulation, menstrual cycle, and fertility. The mechanism of acupuncture for patients with PCOS has not been comprehensively reviewed so far. Better understanding of the mechanisms of acupuncture would help popularize the use of acupuncture therapy for patients with PCOS. In this narrative review, we aimed to overview the potential mechanisms and evidence-based data of acupuncture on PCOS, and analyze the most frequently used acupoints based on animal and clinical studies. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the current situation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Cong Zhou
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hang-Qi Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ii Fukuzawa
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Lin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao-Lin Zhang,
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Desai DT, Maulvi FA, Desai AR, Shukla MR, Desai BV, Khadela AD, Shetty KH, Shah DO, Willcox MDP. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cyclosporine-graphene oxide laden hydrogel contact lenses. Int J Pharm 2021;:121414. [PMID: 34952149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug-eluting contact lens can substitute the multiple eye drop therapy. However, loading hydrophobic drug like cyclosporine in the contact lens is very challenging, due to low drug uptake (via soaking method); and alteration in the swelling and optical properties which restricts its clinical application. To address the above issues, graphene oxide (GO, large surface area with oxygen containing functional groups) was incorporated in the contact lenses during fabrication. These GO-laden contact lenses (SM-GO-Cys) as well as blank contact lenses (SM-Cys) were soaked in the solution of cyclosporine. Alternatively, cyclosporine-laden contact lenses (DL-Cys-20) and cyclosporine-GO-laden contact lenses (DL-Cys-20-GO) were fabricated by adding drug and drug-GO (at various level of GO) during fabrication, respectively. Contact angle and swelling data showed increase in water holding capacity of GO laden contact lenses. Optical property was significantly improved due to molecular dispersion of drug on the surface of GO sheets. The drug uptake and in vitro release profile was improved with GO-laden contact lenses by soaking method (SM-GO-Cys-400n) due to hydrophobic interactions between GO and drug. Adding cyclosporine-GO (DL-Cys-20-GO-800n) during fabrication significantly improved drug release kinetics with higher drug leaching (during extraction and sterilization) due to increased swelling, improved dissolution and molecular dispersion of drug on GO sheets. Ocular irritation and histopathological studies demonstrated the safety of GO-contact lens. The in vivo drug release studies in the rabbit eye showed significant improvement in mean residence time (MRT) and area under the curve (AUC) using DL-Cys-20-GO-800n contact lens compared to eye drop solution with reduction in protein adherence value. The study demonstrated that the incorporation of GO into the contact lens can control the release of cyclosporine as well as improved the lens swelling and transmittance properties.
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Nobili S, Lucarini E, Murzilli S, Vanelli A, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C. Efficacy Evaluation of Plant Products in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction Related to Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124520. [PMID: 34960072 PMCID: PMC8707335 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction affects more than 50% of diabetic male patients, with a higher prevalence compared with the general population. Age, clinical factors, and lifestyle habits have been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology and worsening of erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients. First- and second-line standard treatments are represented by phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors and alprostadil, respectively. However, natural compounds have been suggested to ameliorate this clinical condition. This study aims to preclinically characterize the potential synergism among plant-derived products for the improvement of erectile dysfunction in the diabetic condition. The effects of a nutritional supplement composed of Panax ginseng, Moringa oleifera and rutin, as single agents or as a mixture, were evaluated in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model with erectile dysfunction. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by measuring sexual-related parameters (i.e., mount and intromission latencies, the mount and intromission frequencies and the ejaculation latency). Results showed that only the mixture was able to significantly reduce the diabetes-related delay in mount latency (p < 0.01). Substantial similar effects were observed by measuring the intromission latency and the mean number of mounts was very similar between rats treated with the mixture and controls. Single agent treatments showed very low effects in terms of intromission frequency, whereas the mixture was able to increase this parameter. Additionally, a statistically significant reduced ejaculation latency was observed in rats treated with the mixture compared with the STZ control. These results are in agreement with the available literature and suggest that the study mixture may ameliorate sexual behavior compared with the administration of the study natural compounds as single agents in diabetic rats. Further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to perform a more comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the study mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi 11, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Stefania Murzilli
- Nutrilinea S.R.L., Via Gran Bretagna 1, 21031 Gallarate, Italy; (S.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Arianna Vanelli
- Nutrilinea S.R.L., Via Gran Bretagna 1, 21031 Gallarate, Italy; (S.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (E.L.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.)
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Huang S, Shen Q, Watts LT, Long JA, O'Boyle M, Nguyen T, Muir E, Duong TQ. Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotrauma Rep 2021; 2:526-540. [PMID: 34901946 PMCID: PMC8655818 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has the potential to offer insights into changes in functional connectivity networks after traumatic brain injury (TBI), there are few studies that examine the effects of moderate TBI for monitoring functional recovery in experimental TBI, and thus the neural correlates of brain recovery from moderate TBI remain incompletely understood. Non-invasive rsfMRI was used to longitudinally investigate changes in interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) after a moderate TBI to the unilateral sensorimotor cortex in rats (n = 9) up to 14 days. Independent component analysis of the rsfMRI data was performed. Correlations of rsfMRI sensorimotor networks were made with changes in behavioral scores, lesion volume, and T2- and diffusion-weighted images across time. TBI animals showed less localized rsfMRI patterns in the sensorimotor network compared to sham (n = 6) and normal (n = 5) animals. rsfMRI clusters in the sensorimotor network showed less bilateral symmetry compared to sham and normal animals, indicative of IFC disruption. With time after injury, many of the rsfMRI patterns in the sensorimotor network showed more bilateral symmetry, indicative of IFC recovery. The disrupted IFC in the sensorimotor and subsequent partial recovery showed a positive correlation with changes in behavioral scores. Overall, rsfMRI detected widespread disruption and subsequent recovery of IFC within the sensorimotor networks post-TBI, which correlated with behavioral changes. Therefore, rsfMRI offers the means to probe functional brain reorganization and thus has the potential to serve as an imaging marker to longitudinally stage TBI and monitor for novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Huang
- Research Imaging Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Qiang Shen
- Research Imaging Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Lora Talley Watts
- Department of Clinical and Applied Science Education, University of the Incarnate Word School of Osteopathic Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Justin A Long
- Research Imaging Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Michael O'Boyle
- Research Imaging Institute, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Tony Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Muir
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Q Duong
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
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50
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Baker TS, Robeny J, Cruz D, Bruhat A, Iloreta AM, Costa A, Oxley TJ. Stimulating the Facial Nerve to Treat Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2021; 12:753182. [PMID: 34867737 PMCID: PMC8636795 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.753182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common devastating disease that has increased yearly in absolute number of cases since 1990. While mechanical thrombectomy and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) have proven to be effective treatments, their window-of-efficacy time is very short, leaving many patients with no viable treatment option. Over recent years there has been a growing interest in stimulating the facial nerves or ganglions to treat AIS. Pre-clinical studies have consistently demonstrated an increase in collateral blood flow (CBF) following ganglion stimulation, with positive indications in infarct size and neurological scores. Extensive human trials have focused on trans-oral electrical stimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion, but have suffered from operational limitations and non-significant clinical findings. Regardless, the potential of ganglion stimulation to treat AIS or elongate the window-of-efficacy for current stroke treatments remains extremely promising. This review aims to summarize results from recent trial publications, highlight current innovations, and discuss future directions for the field. Importantly, this review comes after the release of four important clinical trials that were published in mid 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turner S Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Justin Robeny
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Danna Cruz
- Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,The Grove School of Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexis Bruhat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alfred-Marc Iloreta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anthony Costa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas James Oxley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Sinai BioDesign, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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