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Khan AN, Jawarkar RD, Zaki MEA, Al Mutairi AA. Natural compounds for oxidative stress and neuroprotection in schizophrenia: composition, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38462971 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2325233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms is believed to be a critical factor in the development of schizophrenia (SCZ) like neurological illnesses. Understanding the roles of ROS in the development of SCZ and the potential activity of natural antioxidants against SCZ could lead to more effective therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of the illness. METHODS SCZ is a mental disorder characterised by progressive impairments in working memory, attention, and executive functioning. In present investigation, we summarized the experimental findings for understanding the role of oxidative stress (OS) in the development of SCZ and the potential neuroprotective effects of natural antioxidants in the treatment of SCZ. RESULTS Current study supports the use of the mentioned antioxidant natural compounds as a potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of OS mediated neurodegeneration in SCZ. DISCUSSION Elevated levels of harmful ROS and reduced antioxidant defense mechanisms are indicative of increased oxidative stress (OS), which is associated with SCZ. Previous research has shown that individuals with SCZ, including non-medicated, medicated, first-episode, and chronic patients, exhibit decreased levels of total antioxidants and GSH. Additionally, they have reduced antioxidant enzyme levels such as catalase (CAT), glutathione (GPx), and, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lower serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in their brain tissue. The mentioned natural antioxidants may assist in reducing oxidative damage in individuals with SCZ and increasing BDNF expression in the brain, potentially improving cognitive function and learning ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam N Khan
- Department of Pharamacognosy, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, Amravati, India
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, Amravati, India
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamal A Al Mutairi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Saha I, Ghosh S, Roy S, Basu T, Karmakar P. Facile process of Hibiscusmucilage polymer formulation using Hibiscus rosa-sinensisleaves to treat second-degree burn and excision wounds. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035003. [PMID: 38387054 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2c1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Mucilage is a sticky substance found in various plants and microorganisms and is made up of proteins and polysaccharides. Mucilage fromHibiscus rosa sinensisisis a complex polysaccharide traditionally used to treat different skin diseases. In our study, we fabricated mucilage polymer fromHibiscus rosa sinensisleaves and evaluated its potential application in second-degree burns and excision wounds. The physical properties of Hibiscus mucilage (HM) polymer were demonstrated by using Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Tellerand, Swelling ratio. The human cell lines WI-38, and HaCaT have been used forin-vitroexperiments like MTT, scratch wound, BrdU, ROS scavenging assays, and western blot analysis. The results of the MTT, scratch-wound, and BrdU assay indicated that the HM polymer is nontoxic in nature and also enhances both the properties of cellular migration and proliferation, respectively. On the other hand, the result of the ROS scavenging assay suggested that HM polymer enhances the antioxidant activity of cells while the western blot analysis designated that the HM polymer treatment caused downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γand upregulation of the pAkt (Serine 473) protein, and TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Therefore, allin-vitroexperimental studies recommended that HM polymer is biocompatible and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In thein vivoexperiment, second-degree burns and excision wounds were created on the dorsal surface of male BALB/c mice. After the sixth day of HM polymer treatment have developed new tissue, hair follicles, blood vessels,α-SMA, and Collagen type-1 fiber on the burn and excision wound area while the 11th day of HM polymer treatment cured the wound area significantly. Therefore, it could be contemplated that HM polymer is a potential agent for treating different wounds in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Saha
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741 235 West Bengal, India
| | - Shubham Roy
- School of Science, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741 235 West Bengal, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
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Soni J, Panneer Selvam S, Shanmugam R, Ramadoss R, Sundar S. Quantification of the Bioactivity of Ethanolic Extract From Phoenix dactylifera. Cureus 2024; 16:e56391. [PMID: 38633945 PMCID: PMC11023018 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aims to quantitatively assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of Phoenix dactylifera seeds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Around 30 seeds of Phoenix dactylifera were collected, crushed, and powdered; 10 gm of powder was added to 100 ml of ethanolic extract and boiled for further analysis. Egg albumin denaturation assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay were done to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, respectively. An independent t-test was used to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the ethanolic extract of Phoenix dactylifera using SPSS Statistics version 22.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0; Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), and values less than 0.05 are considered statistically significant. RESULTS The seeds of Phoenix dactylifera have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties improved with higher concentrations and were comparable to the control substances diclofenac sodium, vitamin E, and ascorbic acid, respectively. The most significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect was observed at a dosage of 50 μL, with a p-value of 0.001. CONCLUSION To conclude, we found that the ethanolic extract of Phoenix dactylifera has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, which can further be used for the improvement of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesha Soni
- Department of Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Suganya Panneer Selvam
- Department of Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Ramya Ramadoss
- Department of Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Sandhya Sundar
- Department of Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Jian JZ, Lang TQ, Zhang W, Feng YQ, Luo GY. [A new nor-neolignan compound identified from Itea yunnanensis]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1564-1569. [PMID: 38621940 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231208.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Various separation methods in combination with spectral data analysis, X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis, and litera-ture data comparison were employed to clarify the chemical constituents of Itea yunnanensis. Seven compounds were obtained from I. yunnanensis, which were identified as(S)-3-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane-2-yl]-4-methoxybenzoate methyl ester(1), iteafuranal B(2), syringaresinol(3), dihydrokaempferol(4), trimethoxybenzene(5), eicosane(6), and nonacosane(7), respectively. Among them, compound 1 was a new nor-neolignan compound named iteanorneoligan A, and the rest of the compounds were identified from I. yunnanensis for the first time. The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of the compound was evaluated based on Sk-hep-1 cells model via MTT assay, and compound 2 showed a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Sk-hep-1 cells with an IC_(50) of 9.4 μmol·L~(-1). The antioxidant capacity was determined via DPPH, ABTS~(·+), and O■ radical scavenging ability, and compound 1 exhibited a significant ABTS~(·+) radical scavenging effect with an IC_(50) of 0.178 mg·mL~(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhen Jian
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guian 550025, China
| | - Tian-Qiong Lang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guian 550025, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guian 550025, China
| | - Yun-Qian Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guian 550025, China
| | - Guo-Yong Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guian 550025, China
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Wang Y, Niu H, Ma Y, Yuan G. Isolation, Purification, Fractionation, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Polygonatum Polysaccharides. Molecules 2024; 29:1038. [PMID: 38474549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, three homogeneous fractions, PSP-N-b-1, PSP-N-b-2, and PSP-N-c-1, were obtained from an aqueous extract of Polygonatum using DEAE cellulose column chromatography, CL-6B agarose gel chromatography, and Sephadex G100 chromatography. Their monosaccharide compositions and molecular weights were analyzed. The results revealed that PSP-N-b-1, PSP-N-b-2, and PSP-N-c-1 are primarily composed of six monosaccharides: Man (mannose), GlcA (glucuronic acid), Rha (rhamnose), GalA (galacturonic acid), Glc (glucose), and Ara (arabinose), with molecular weights of 6.3 KDa, 5.78 KDa, and 3.45 KDa, respectively. Furthermore, we observed that Polygonatum polysaccharides exhibited protective effects against CCL4-induced liver damage in HepG2 cells in vitro, operating through both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Our research findings suggest that Polygonatum polysaccharides may emerge as a promising option in the development of hepatoprotective drugs or functional foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hongmei Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Guangxin Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
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Sultana R, Mohanto S, Bhunia A, Biswas A, Akhtar MS, Mishra V, Modi D, Aljabali AA, Tambuwala M, Faiyazuddin M. Current Progress and Emerging Role of Essential Oils in Drug Delivery Therapeutics. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:CDD-EPUB-138705. [PMID: 38409707 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018287719240214075810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of novel drug delivery systems loaded with essential oils has gained significant attention as a promising approach for biomedical applications in recent years. Plants possess essential oils that exhibit various medicinal properties, i.e., anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti- inflammatory, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, etc., due to the presence of various phytoconstituents, including terpenes, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and esters. An understanding of conventional and advanced extraction techniques of Essential Oils (EOs) from several plant sources is further required before considering or loading EOs into drug delivery systems. Therefore, this article summarizes the various extraction techniques of EOs and their existing limitations. The in-built biological applications of EOs are of prerequisite importance for treating several diseases. Thus, the mechanisms of action of EOs for anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial activities, etc., have been further explored in this article. The encapsulation of essential oils in micro or nanometric systems is an intriguing technique to render adequate stability to the thermosensitive compounds and shield them against environmental factors that might cause chemical degradation. Thus, the article further summarizes the advanced drug delivery approaches loaded with EOs and current challenges in the future outlook of EOs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokeya Sultana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Yenepoya Pharmacy College Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Adrija Bhunia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Aritra Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, P.O. Rahara, Kolkata-700118, West Bengal, India
| | - Mohammad Shabib Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab)-144411, India
| | - Dimple Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saint Josephs University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Alaa Aa Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School - Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, Lincolnshire, UK
| | - Md Faiyazuddin
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Katihar 854106, Bihar, India
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Kraiem M, Ben Hamouda S, Eleroui M, Ajala M, Feki A, Dghim A, Boujhoud Z, Bouhamed M, Badraoui R, Pujo JM, Essafi-Benkhadir K, Kallel H, Ben Amara I. Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of a Crude Polysaccharide Derived from Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna: Computational and Experimental Evidences. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:85. [PMID: 38393056 PMCID: PMC10890560 DOI: 10.3390/md22020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated for the first time the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of crude polysaccharide (PSHT) extracted from green marine algae Halimeda tuna. PSHT exhibited anti-oxidant activity in vitro through scavenging 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl free radical, reducing Fe3+/ferricyanide complex, and inhibiting nitric oxide. PSHT maintained the erythrocyte membrane integrity and prevented hemolysis. Our results also showed that PSHT exerted a significant anti-edematic effect in vivo by decreasing advanced oxidation protein products and malondialdehyde levels and increasing the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat's paw model and erythrocytes. Interestingly, PSHT increased the viability of murine RAW264.7 macrophages and exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells by decreasing pro-inflammatory molecule levels, including nitric oxide, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Our findings indicate that PSHT could be used as a potential immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemolytic, and anti-oxidant agent. These results could be explained by the computational findings showing that polysaccharide building blocks bound both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and TNF-α with acceptable affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Kraiem
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Sonia Ben Hamouda
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology–LR16IPT04, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (S.B.H.); (K.E.-B.)
| | - Malek Eleroui
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Marwa Ajala
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Amal Feki
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Amel Dghim
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Zakaria Boujhoud
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Marwa Bouhamed
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of General Biology, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia;
- Section of Histology–Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunisia
| | - Jean Marc Pujo
- Emergency Department, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
| | - Khadija Essafi-Benkhadir
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology–LR16IPT04, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (S.B.H.); (K.E.-B.)
| | - Hatem Kallel
- Intensive Care Unit, Cayenne General Hospital, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
- Tropical Biome and Immunopathology CNRS UMR-9017, Inserm U 1019, University of Guiana, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana
| | - Ibtissem Ben Amara
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Environment Chemistry, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, PB 261, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (M.K.); (M.E.); (M.A.); (A.F.); (A.D.)
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Kaur P, Dey A, Rawat K, Dey S. Novel antioxidant protein target therapy to counter the prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1241313. [PMID: 38235136 PMCID: PMC10791803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This review analyzed the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic globally and in India and the measures to counter its effect using natural and innate immune booster molecules. The study focuses on two phases: the first focuses on the magnitude, and the second on the effect of antioxidants (natural compounds) on SARS-CoV-2. Methods The magnitude of the prevalence, mortality, and comorbidities was acquired from the World Health Organization (WHO) report, media, a report from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), newspapers, and the National Centre of Disease Control (NCDC). Research articles from PubMed as well as other sites/journals and databases were accessed to gather literature on the effect of antioxidants. Results In the elderly and any chronic diseases, the declined level of antioxidant molecules enhanced the reactive oxygen species, which in turn deprived the immune system. Conclusion Innate antioxidant proteins like sirtuin and sestrin play a vital role in enhancing immunity. Herbal products and holistic approaches can also be alternative solutions for everyday life to boost the immune system by improving the redox balance in COVID-19 attack. This review analyzed the counteractive effect of alternative therapy to boost the immune system against the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyajit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Akash Dey
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, New Delhi, India
| | - Kartik Rawat
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Deng Y, Ding W, Peng Q, Wang W, Duan R, Zhang Y. Advancement in Beneficial Effects of AVE 0991: A Brief Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:139-158. [PMID: 36998128 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230328134932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
AVE 0991, a non-peptide analogue of Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], is orally active and physiologically well tolerated. Several studies have demonstrated that AVE 0991 improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and contains anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidant effects. Numerous preclinical studies have also reported that AVE 0991 appears to have beneficial effects on a variety of systemic diseases, including cardiovascular, liver, kidney, cancer, diabetes, and nervous system diseases. This study searched multiple literature databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and the ClinicalTrials.gov website from the establishment to October 2022, using AVE 0991 as a keyword. This literature search revealed that AVE 0991 could play different roles via various signaling pathways. However, the potential mechanisms of these effects need further elucidation. This review summarizes the benefits of AVE 0991 in several medical problems, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper also describes the underlying mechanisms of AVE 0991, giving in-depth insights and perspectives on the pharmaceutical value of AVE 0991 in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wangli Ding
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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Pradeep V, Veerakumar P, Veeraraghavan VP. Facile Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoneedle Arrays for Practical Biomedical Applications. Cureus 2024; 16:e51678. [PMID: 38318567 PMCID: PMC10839417 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Copper oxide nanoneedle arrays (CuO NAs) have been widely used as antibacterial agents and in therapeutic applications because of their unique physicochemical features, low cytotoxicity, low cost, exceptional antibacterial action, and significant interest in biomedicine. Various analytical techniques were used to assess the related phase constitution, optical characteristics, elemental content, and surface morphology. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs revealed that the CuO NAs had a monoclinic phase with a nanoneedle-like shape. Our findings may cover the progress of innovative and effective anti-bacterial capabilities based on CuO NAs, which have been shown to be effective against various pathogens, making them ideal options for fighting bacterial infections. Objective: This research aimed to synthesize CuO NAs using microwave-solvothermal (MW-ST) technology, explore their effectiveness, and assess their biological activity. METHODS The CuO NAs were synthesized using the MW-ST process, and their properties were assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDS), field emission transmission microscopy (FE-TEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) techniques. The biocompatibility of CuO NAs was determined through hemolytic assays, and their bioactivities like antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays were also determined. RESULTS The CuO NAs were successfully developed, and various analytical tools were used to characterize and validate their morphology, size, crystallinity, and elemental compositions. It has been shown in in-vitro investigations that a strong anti-inflammatory impact is demonstrated by the inhibition of protein denaturation with low hemolytic potential. As a result, CuO NAs have the potential to be an excellent choice for anti-inflammatory solicitations. CONCLUSION CuO NAs were synthesized and characterized with various advanced techniques, revealing the formation of nanoneedles-like morphology. Based on the experimental findings, CuO NAs have the potential for anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hemolytic activities. However, additional in-vivo testing is essential to properly evaluate their efficiency and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerappan Pradeep
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pitchaimani Veerakumar
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Xu X, Guo Y, Chen M, Li N, Sun Y, Ren S, Xiao J, Wang D, Liu X, Pan Y. Hypoglycemic activities of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and identification of anti-oxidant components by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging detection. Chin Herb Med 2024; 16:151-161. [PMID: 38375044 PMCID: PMC10874760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities. Methods The AlCl3 colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking. Results Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile. Conclusion The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajing Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongli Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Menglin Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shumeng Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiao Xiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Hassan FU, Liu C, Mehboob M, Bilal RM, Arain MA, Siddique F, Chen F, Li Y, Zhang J, Shi P, Lv B, Lin Q. Potential of dietary hemp and cannabinoids to modulate immune response to enhance health and performance in animals: opportunities and challenges. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285052. [PMID: 38111585 PMCID: PMC10726122 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids are a group of bioactive compounds abundantly present in Cannabis sativa plant. The active components of cannabis with therapeutic potential are known as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are divided into three groups: plant-derived cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids), endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), and synthetic cannabinoids. These compounds play a crucial role in the regulation various physiological processes including the immune modulation by interacting with the endocannabinoid system (A complex cell-signaling system). Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) stimulates the binding of orexigenic peptides and inhibits the attachment of anorexigenic proteins to hypothalamic neurons in mammals, increasing food intake. Digestibility is unaffected by the presence of any cannabinoids in hemp stubble. Endogenous cannabinoids are also important for the peripheral control of lipid processing in adipose tissue, in addition to their role in the hypothalamus regulation of food intake. Regardless of the kind of synaptic connection or the length of the transmission, endocannabinoids play a crucial role in inhibiting synaptic transmission through a number of mechanisms. Cannabidiol (CBD) mainly influences redox equilibrium through intrinsic mechanisms. Useful effects of cannabinoids in animals have been mentioned e.g., for disorders of the cardiovascular system, pain treatment, disorders of the respiratory system or metabolic disorders. Dietary supplementation of cannabinoids has shown positive effects on health, growth and production performance of small and large animals. Animal fed diet supplemented with hemp seeds (180 g/day) or hemp seed cake (143 g/kg DM) had achieved batter performance without any detrimental effects. But the higher level of hemp or cannabinoid supplementation suppress immune functions and reduce productive performance. With an emphasis on the poultry and ruminants, this review aims to highlight the properties of cannabinoids and their derivatives as well as their significance as a potential feed additive in their diets to improve the immune status and health performance of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz-ul Hassan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Maryam Mehboob
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Bilal
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Siddique
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Fengming Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jingmeng Zhang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Pengjun Shi
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Biguang Lv
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Hoca M, Becer E, Vatansever HS. Carvacrol is potential molecule for diabetes treatment. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38019023 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2288537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is an important chronic disease that can lead to various negative consequences and complications. In recent years, several new alternative treatments have been developed to improve diabetes. Carvacrol found in essential oils of numerous plant species and has crucial potential effects on diabetes. The anti-diabetic effects of carvacrol have also been comprehensively studied in diabetic animal and cell models. In addition, carvacrol could improve diabetes through affecting diabetes-related enzymes, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The use of carvacrol alone or in combination with anti-diabetic therapies could show a significant potential effect in the treatment of diabetes. This review contributes an overview of the effect of carvacrol in diabetes and anti-diabetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Hoca
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Eda Becer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Hafize Seda Vatansever
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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14
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Foos W, Maliakkal Hernandez J, Mansour TN. Selenium supplementation in thyroid eye disease: an updated review from a clinical ophthalmic perspective. Orbit 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37976183 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2023.2276783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) consists of a spectrum of autoimmune orbital pathology that threatens patients' quality of life and vision. Research suggests that oxidative stress plays a role in both the thyroid gland and orbit. Selenium has been proposed as a potential therapeutic adjunct given its role in thyroid physiology and antioxidant metabolism. Furthermore, selenium status has been linked to multiple pathological thyroid states. Despite the preponderance of evidence demonstrating a role for selenium in thyroid disease, limited research exists highlighting its role in TED specifically. This review summarizes the pathophysiology and role of selenium in thyroid eye disease (TED) and the current body of evidence including in vitro and in vivo studies highlighting the role for supplementation in clinical ophthalmic practice. Notably, relatively lower selenium levels have been shown to have a modest correlation with severity of thyroid eye disease. Selenium supplementation has shown some benefit in patients with mild Graves' Orbitopathy in European populations presumed deficient. Despite the preponderance of evidence demonstrating a role for selenium in thyroid disease, limited data is available to conclusively expand its role in TED outside of a 6-month course of supplementation in selenium deficient or relatively deficient populations. Data subject to geographic and population differences in selenium levels limits the generalizability of supplementation in TED. Despite mechanistic evidence of its antioxidant effects in TED beyond the advantages of thyroid disease in general, the benefits of selenium supplementation should be interrogated further and contextually tailored in both clinical and research formats for ophthalmic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Foos
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Tamer N Mansour
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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15
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Darshinidevi T, Suresh V, Sivaperumal P, Dilipan E. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Cymodocea rotundata Leaf Extract and Their Biological Activities. Cureus 2023; 15:e49316. [PMID: 38143665 PMCID: PMC10748798 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered to be a very significant and intriguing type within the category of metallic nanoparticles, particularly in the context of their involvement in biological applications. The objective of this research is to use the green synthesis method in order to synthesize AgNPs by using the leaf extract of C. rotundata. Furthermore, the study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of these nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh and healthy specimens of C. rotundata were gathered from Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu, India, and afterward subjected to a thorough washing process using tap water. The cleaned materials were air-dried and then fragmented into small bits and finely ground. The ethanolic extract of seagrass was then combined with a solution containing 1 millimolar (mM) silver nitrate (AgNo3). The decrease of silver ions in the solution was frequently measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. Synthesized AgNPs were investigated for antioxidants by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and anti-inflammatory activity was measured by protein-denaturation assay. RESULTS The use of C. rotundata leaf extract in the green synthesis of AgNPs, in the presence of 1 mM AgNO3, led to a noticeable alteration in the colour of the mixture, transitioning from a pale hue to a brown shade. This change in colour serves as evidence of the reduction of AgNo3 ions to silver ions, thereby facilitating the creation of AgNPs. The duration of the bio-reduction process of silver ions in the reaction mixture was observed to be two hours. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity showed promising activity for AgNPs. CONCLUSION This study concluded that C. rotundata had antioxidant capabilities, and AgNPs derived from C. rotundata have potential use in pharmaceuticals and medication administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Darshinidevi
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pitchiah Sivaperumal
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Elangovan Dilipan
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Atanassova M, Martorell M, Sharopov F, Atanassov L, Kumar P, Sharifi-Rad J, Tejada-Gavela S, Iriti M, Pezzani R, Varoni EM. Cocoa as immunomodulatory agent: an update. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37909175 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2272025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Cocoa is rich in polyphenols, mainly flavonoids, which correlate with several health benefits mediated by their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Cocoa and chocolate consumption have been reported to impact the regulation of the immune system, both in preclinical studies and in human trials. The mechanisms for immunomodulation can involve different effects of cocoa polyphenols on the immune system, acting as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-allergic agents, as well as the direct influence of cocoa on innate and acquired immunity, with cytokines production and activation of both lymphocyte-dependent and -independent pathways. Cocoa intake has been also correlated to changes in gut microbiota ecology and composition, also affecting the intestinal immune system. This review summarises the updates of the last two decades on cocoa as immunomodulatory agent and explores the health-related benefits of cocoa and chocolate intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Atanassova
- Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, UCTM, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Lyubomir Atanassov
- Faculty of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Silvia Tejada-Gavela
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), IdISBa, Palma, España
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, Padova, Italy
- Phytotherapy Lab, Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
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Neo JRE, Teo CWL, Ung YW, Yap WN. Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Attenuates Blue Light-Induced Oxidative Stress and Melanogenesis in B16-F1 Melanocytes via Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15373. [PMID: 37895053 PMCID: PMC10607579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our skin is constantly exposed to blue light (BL), which is abundant in sunlight and emitted by digital devices. Prolonged exposure to BL can lead to oxidative stress-induced damages and skin hyperpigmentation. For this study, we used a cell line-based model to examine the protective effects of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on BL-induced oxidative stress and hyperpigmentation in B16-F1 melanocytes. Alpha-tocopherol (αTP) was used as a comparator. Molecular assays such as cell viability assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, fluorescence imaging, melanin and tyrosinase analysis were performed. Our results showed that TRF effectively suppressed the formation of reactive oxygen species and preserved the mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, TRF exhibited anti-apoptotic properties by reducing the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase molecule and downregulating the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, TRF modulated tyrosinase activity, resulting in a lowered rate of melanogenesis and reduced melanin production. In contrast, αTP did not exhibit significant protective effects against skin damages and pigmentation in BL-induced B16-F1 cells. Therefore, this study indicates that TRF may offer superior protective effects over αTP against the effects of BL on melanocytes. These findings demonstrate the potential of TRF as a protective natural ingredient that acts against BL-induced skin damages and hyperpigmentation via its anti-oxidative and anti-melanogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juvenia Rui En Neo
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
| | - Cheryl Wei Ling Teo
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
| | - Yee Wei Ung
- Research and Development Department, KL-Kepong Oleomas (KLK Oleo), Level 8, Menara KLK, No 1, Jalan PJU 7/6, Mutiara Damansara, Petaling Jaya 47810, Malaysia;
| | - Wei Ney Yap
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
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Phan TKP, Wang SL, Nguyen QV, Phan TQ, Nguyen TT, Tran TTT, Nguyen AD, Nguyen VB, Doan MD. Assessment of the Chemical Profile and Potential Medical Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Eclipta prostrata L. Collected in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1476. [PMID: 37895947 PMCID: PMC10609904 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eclipta prostrata L. (EPL), a medicinal plant, is widely utilized in the central highlands of Vietnam. This study aims to assess the chemical profile and potential medical effects of an EPL extract rich in flavonoids. A total of 36 secondary metabolites were identified from the EPL extract through GC-MS and UHPLC-UV analysis. Among them, 15 volatile compounds and several phenolic and flavonoid chemicals, including salicylic acid, epicatechin gallate, isovitexin, and apigetrin, were reported in EPL extract for the first time. This herbal extract demonstrated moderate inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and high anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities (IC50 = 76.8 ± 0.8 μg/mL). These promising attributes can be likely attributed to the high levels of major compounds, including wedelolactone (1), chlorogenic acid (3), epicatechin gallate (6), salicylic acid (8), isovitexin (9), apigetrin (11), and myricetin (12). These findings align with the traditional use of EPL for enhancing memory and cognitive function, as well as its potential benefits in diabetes management. The results of the molecular docking study reveal that the major identified compounds (1, 6, 9, and 11) showed a more effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect than berberine chloride, with good binding energy (DS values, -12.3 to -14.3 kcal/mol) and acceptable values of RMSD (1.02-1.67 Å). Additionally, almost all the identified major compounds exhibited good ADMET properties within the required limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Phung Phan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Quang Vinh Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Tu Quy Phan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Tan Thanh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry Biology and Environment, Vinh University, Vinh City 43100, Vietnam;
| | | | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
| | - Manh Dung Doan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (Q.V.N.); (A.D.N.); (V.B.N.)
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Zhen T, Li Y, Guo Q, Yao S, You Y, Lei B. Pathogenicity and Function Analysis of Two Novel SLC4A11 Variants in Patients With Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:1. [PMID: 37787991 PMCID: PMC10561774 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the pathogenicity and function of two novel SLC4A11 variants associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and to study the function of a SLC4A11 (K263R) mutant in vitro. Methods Ophthalmic examinations were performed on a 28-year-old male proband with CHED. Whole-exome and Sanger sequencing were applied for mutation screening. Bioinformatics and pathogenicity analysis were performed. HEK293T cells were transfected with the plasmids of empty vector, wild-type SLC4A11, and SLC4A11 (K263R) mutant. The transfected cells were treated with SkQ1. Oxygen consumption, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis rate were measured. Results The proband had poor visual acuity with nystagmus since childhood. Corneal foggy opacity was evident in both eyes. Two novel SLC4A11 variants were detected. Sanger sequencing showed that the proband's father and sister carried c.1464-1G>T variant, and the proband's mother and sister carried c.788A>G (p.Lys263Arg) variant. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines, SLC4A11 c.1464-1G>T was pathogenic, whereas c.788A>G, p.K263R was a variant of undetermined significance. In vitro, SLC4A11 (K263R) variant increased ROS level and apoptosis rate. Decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption rate were remarkable. Furthermore, SkQ1 decreased ROS levels and apoptosis rate but increased mitochondrial membrane potential in the transfected cells. Conclusions Two novel heterozygous pathogenic variants of the SLC4A11 gene were identified in a family with CHED. The missense variant SLC4A11 (K263R) caused mitochondrial dysfunction and increased apoptosis in mutant transfected cells. In addition, SkQ1 presented a protective effect suggesting the anti-oxidant might be a novel therapeutic drug. Translational Relevance This study verified the pathogenicity of 2 novel variants in the SLC4A11 gene in a CHED family and found an anti-oxidant might be a new drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhen
- Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Institute/Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingge Guo
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Institute/Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Institute/Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya You
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Institute/Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Henan Eye Institute/Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Mori A, Uehara L, Toyoda Y, Masuda F, Soejima S, Saitoh S, Yanagida M. In fission yeast, 65 non-essential mitochondrial proteins related to respiration and stress become essential in low-glucose conditions. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230404. [PMID: 37859837 PMCID: PMC10582590 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform critical functions, including respiration, ATP production, small molecule metabolism, and anti-oxidation, and they are involved in a number of human diseases. While the mitochondrial genome contains a small number of protein-coding genes, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes. In fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we screened 457 deletion (del) mutants deficient in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, searching for those that fail to form colonies in culture medium containing low glucose (0.03-0.1%; low-glucose sensitive, lgs), but that proliferate in regular 2-3% glucose medium. Sixty-five (14%) of the 457 deletion mutants displayed the lgs phenotype. Thirty-three of them are defective either in dehydrogenases, subunits of respiratory complexes, the citric acid cycle, or in one of the nine steps of the CoQ10 biosynthetic pathway. The remaining 32 lgs mutants do not seem to be directly related to respiration. Fifteen are implicated in translation, and six encode transporters. The remaining 11 function in anti-oxidation, amino acid synthesis, repair of DNA damage, microtubule cytoskeleton, intracellular mitochondrial distribution or unknown functions. These 32 diverse lgs genes collectively maintain mitochondrial functions under low (1/20-1/60× normal) glucose concentrations. Interestingly, 30 of them have homologues associated with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Mori
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Lisa Uehara
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toyoda
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Fumie Masuda
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Saeko Soejima
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Saitoh
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yanagida
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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21
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Yang CL, Wang SB, He WP, Liu JJ. Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ethanol Extract from Polygala sibirica L. var megalopha Fr. on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:905-913. [PMID: 37434032 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract of Polygala sibirica L. var megalopha Fr. (EEP) on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. METHODS RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 0-200 µg/mL EEP or vehicle for 2 h prior to exposure to 1 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. Nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PGE2) production were determined by Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot assay was used to determine the protein expressions of iNOS, COX-2, phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor Kappa B alpha (Iκ B-α) and p38. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the nuclear expression of nuclear factor-κ B p65 (NF-κ B p65). Additionally, the anti-oxidant potential of EEP was evaluated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), superoxide anion (O2-) radical and nitrite scavenging activity were also measured. RESULTS The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of EEP were 23.50±2.16 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g and 43.78±3.81 mg rutin equivalent/100 g. With EEP treatment (100 and 150 µg/mL), there was a notable decrease in NO and PGE2 production induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells by downregulation of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expressions (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, with EEP treatment (150 µg/mL), there was a decrease in the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as in the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, P<0.01 or P<0.05), by blocking the nuclear translocation of NF-κ B p65 in LPS-stimulated cells. In addition, EEP (100 and 150 µg/mL) led to an increase in the anti-oxidant enzymes activity of SOD and CAT, with a concomitant decrease in ROS production (P<0.01 or P<0.05). EEP also indicated the DPPH, OH, O2- radical and nitrite scavenging activity. CONCLUSION EEP inhibited inflammatory responses in activated macrophages through blocking MAPK/NF-κ B pathway and protected against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Shi-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Wen-Ping He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China
| | - Jin-Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 221116, China.
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22
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Mahnashi MH, Ali S, M Alshehri O, Almazni IA, Asiri SA, Sadiq A, Zafar R, Jan MS. Pharmacological evaluations of amide carboxylates as potential anti-Alzheimer agents: anti-radicals, enzyme inhibition, simulation and behavioral studies in animal models. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37642974 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2251052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that progresses gradually but irreversibly leading to dementia and is difficult to prevent and treat. There is a considerable time window in which the progression of the disease can be intervened. Scientific advances were required to help the researchers to identify the effective methods for the prevention and treatment of disease. This research was designed to investigate potential mediators for the remedy of AD, five new carboxylate amide zinc complexes (AAZ9-AAZ13) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques. The biological evaluation was carried out based on the cholinesterase inhibitory mechanism. The preparation methodology provided the effective synthesis of targeted moieties. The in vitro pharmacological activities were evaluated involving AChE/BChE inhibition and antioxidant potential. All synthesized compounds displayed activity against both enzymes in higher or comparable to the standard drug Galantamine, a reversible inhibitor but the results displayed by compound AAZ10 indicated IC50 of 0.0013 µM (AChE) and 0.061 µM (BChE) as high values for dual AChE/BChE inhibition with potent anti-oxidant results. Structure activity relationship (SAR) indicated that the potent activity of compound AAZ10 appeared due to the presence of nitro clusters at the ortho position of an aromatic ring. The potent synthesized compound AAZ10 was also explored for the in-vivo Anti-Alzheimer activity and anti-oxidant activity. Binding approaches of all synthesized compounds were revealed through molecular docking studies concerning binding pockets of enzymes that analyzed the best posture interaction with amino acid (AA) residues providing an appreciable understanding of enzyme inhibitory mechanisms. Results indicate that synthesized zinc (II) amide carboxylates can behave as an effective remedy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Osama M Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdullah Almazni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ahmed Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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23
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Sharma A, Goel A, Lin Z. In Vitro and In Silico Anti-Rheumatic Arthritis Activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. Molecules 2023; 28:6125. [PMID: 37630377 PMCID: PMC10458195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by bone and joint degeneration. Existing anti-inflammatory chemotherapy drugs offer temporary relief but come with undesirable side effects. Herbal medications have shown positive effects on RA symptoms with minimal adverse reactions. In this study, we investigated the potential of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (NAT) through in vitro and in silico research. Hydroethanolic extracts of harsingar were prepared using the reflux method, containing alkaloids, phenol, saponin, steroids, proteins, tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, and flavonoids, which exhibited TPC (98.56 ± 0.46 mg GAE/g) and TFC (34.51 ± 0.45 mg CE/g). LC-MS/MS analyzes the active compounds in the extract. NAT exhibited the best scavenging capabilities at 1 mg/mL in anti-oxidant and anti-arthritic activity. Maximum splenocyte proliferation occurred at 250 µg/mL. In vitro cell splenocyte studies revealed the downregulation of TNF-α and the upregulation of IL-10. Additionally, an in silico study demonstrated that bioactive constituents and targets bind with favorable binding affinity. These findings demonstrate the potential of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in exerting anti-arthritic effects, as supported by in vitro and in silico studies. Further mechanistic research is necessary to validate the therapeutic potential of all phytoconstituents in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India;
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India;
| | - Zhijian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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24
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Lamichhane A, Lamichhane G, Devkota HP. Yellow Himalayan Raspberry ( Rubus ellipticus Sm.): Ethnomedicinal, Nutraceutical, and Pharmacological Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:6071. [PMID: 37630323 PMCID: PMC10458938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellow Himalayan raspberry (Rubus ellipticus Sm., Rosaceae) is a native species of the Indian subcontinent, Southern China, and the Philippines, which has been historically used as a traditional medicine and food. All of the parts of this plant have been used in traditional medicine to treat respiratory ailments, diabetes, and gastrointestinal disorder, and as an anti-infective agent. The scientific evaluation revealed a richness of macronutrients, micronutrients, and minerals in the fruits, indicating its potential use as a nutraceutical. Furthermore, this plant has been found to be rich in various secondary metabolites, including polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, and terpenoids. Ascorbic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and catechin are some of the compounds found in this plant, which have been widely discussed for their health benefits. Furthermore, various extracts and compounds obtained from R. ellipticus have shown antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective, antipyretic, anticonvulsant, and anti-infective activities investigated through different study models. These findings in the literature have validated some of the widespread uses of the fruits in folk medicinal systems and the consumption of this nutritious wild fruit by local communities. In conclusion, R. ellipticus holds strong potential for its development as a nutraceutical. It can also improve the nutritional status of villagers and uplift the economy if properly utilized and marketed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Lamichhane
- Collage of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Headquarters for Admissions and Education, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, 2-39-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
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25
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Dilworth L, Stennett D, Omoruyi F. Cellular and Molecular Activities of IP6 in Disease Prevention and Therapy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:972. [PMID: 37371552 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IP6 (phytic acid) is a naturally occurring compound in plant seeds and grains. It is a poly-phosphorylated inositol derivative that has been shown to exhibit many biological activities that accrue benefits in health and diseases (cancer, diabetes, renal lithiasis, cardiovascular diseases, etc.). IP6 has been shown to have several cellular and molecular activities associated with its potential role in disease prevention. These activities include anti-oxidant properties, chelation of metal ions, inhibition of inflammation, modulation of cell signaling pathways, and modulation of the activities of enzymes and hormones that are involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Studies have shown that IP6 has anti-oxidant properties and can scavenge free radicals known to cause cellular damage and contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as cancers and cardiovascular diseases, as well as diabetes mellitus. It has also been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties that may modulate immune responses geared towards the prevention of inflammatory conditions. Moreover, IP6 exhibits anti-cancer properties through the induction of cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Additionally, it has been shown to have anti-mutagenic properties, which reduce the risk of malignancies by preventing DNA damage and mutations. IP6 has also been reported to have a potential role in bone health. It inhibits bone resorption and promotes bone formation, which may help in the prevention of bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Overall, IP6's cellular and molecular activities make it a promising candidate for disease prevention. As reported in many studies, its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties support its inclusion as a dietary supplement that may protect against the development of chronic diseases. However, further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of action of this dynamic molecule and its derivatives and determine the optimal doses and appropriate delivery methods for effective therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowell Dilworth
- Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Dewayne Stennett
- The Transitional Year Programme, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E8, Canada
| | - Felix Omoruyi
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
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26
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Choudhary A, Noman M, Bano U, Akhtar J, Shaikh Y, Yar MS. Global uses of traditional herbs for hepatic diseases and other pharmacological actions: A comprehensive review. Polim Med 2023. [PMID: 37260126 DOI: 10.17219/pim/165977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 7th most common cancer and the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is resistant to the majority of chemotherapeutics and has a dismal prognosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) in India. Primary liver cancer is the 6th most common cancer worldwide and the 4th most prevalent cause of cancer-related death. In 2018, it affected 841,000 people and caused 782,000 deaths around the world. Thus, research into the tumor cycle and its prevention through suitable herbal (Unani/Ayurvedic) medication is critical for reducing the impact of primary liver cancer. Treatment options for end-stage liver cancer are limited, necessitating costly liver transplantation, which is unavailable in most countries. Here, we present the results of a comprehensive literature survey to determine the benefits of using various herbs with liver protective and antioxidant properties. This information will be useful to researchers working on liver carcinoma and free radical scavenging, both of which are important in curbing potential carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Choudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Noman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Uzma Bano
- School of Unani Medical Education and Research (SUMER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jamal Akhtar
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Rigpa, and Homeopathy (AYUSH), Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Yahya Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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Ki H, Baek JS, Hawkes HJK, Kim YS, Hwang KY. Fermented Kamut Sprout Extract Decreases Cell Cytotoxicity and Increases the Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammation Effect. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112107. [PMID: 37297352 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kamut sprouts (KaS) contain several biologically active compounds. In this study, solid-state fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Latilactobacillus sakei was used to ferment KaS (fKaS-ex) for 6 days. The fKaS-ex showed a 26.3 mg/g dried weight (dw) and 46.88 mg/g dw of polyphenol and the β-glucan contents, respectively. In the Raw264.7 and HaCaT cell lines, the non-fermented KaS (nfKaS-ex) decreased cell viability from 85.3% to 62.1% at concentrations of 0.63 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Similarly, the fKaS-ex decreased cell viability, but showed more than 100% even at 1.25 and 5.0 mg/mL concentrations, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effect of fKaS-ex also increased. At 600 µg/mL, the fKaS-ex exhibited a significantly higher ability to reduce cytotoxicity by suppressing COX-2 and IL-6 mRNA expressions as well as that for IL-1β mRNA. In summary, fKaS-ex exhibited significantly lower cytotoxicity and increased anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, indicating that fKaS-ex is beneficial for use in food and other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Ki
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO Co., Ltd., Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Baek
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO Co., Ltd., Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim Hawkes
- Center for Creative Convergence Education, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Kim
- Materials Science Research Institute, LABIO Co., Ltd., Seoul 08501, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Korea BioDefense Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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28
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Ramadan AMAA, Shehata RM, El-Sheikh HH, Ameen F, Stephenson SL, Zidan SAH, Al-Bedak OAM. Exploitation of Sugarcane Bagasse and Environmentally Sustainable Production, Purification, Characterization, and Application of Lovastatin by Aspergillus terreus AUMC 15760 under Solid-State Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104048. [PMID: 37241788 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for identification, three strains of Aspergillus terreus were identified and designated AUMC 15760, AUMC 15762, and AUMC 15763 for the Assiut University Mycological Centre culture collection. The ability of the three strains to manufacture lovastatin in solid-state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The most potent strain was strain AUMC 15760, which was chosen to ferment nine types of lignocellulosic waste (barley bran, bean hay, date palm leaves, flax seeds, orange peels, rice straw, soy bean, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat bran), with sugarcane bagasse turning out to be the best substrate. After 10 days at pH 6.0 at 25 °C using sodium nitrate as the nitrogen source and a moisture content of 70%, the lovastatin output reached its maximum quantity (18.2 mg/g substrate). The medication was produced in lactone form as a white powder in its purest form using column chromatography. In-depth spectroscopy examination, including 1H, 13C-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, optical density, and LC-MS/MS analysis, as well as a comparison of the physical and spectroscopic data with published data, were used to identify the medication. At an IC50 of 69.536 ± 5.73 µM, the purified lovastatin displayed DPPH activity. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had MICs of 1.25 mg/mL, whereas Candida albicans and Candida glabrata had MICs of 2.5 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL, respectively, against pure lovastatin. As a component of sustainable development, this study offers a green (environmentally friendly) method for using sugarcane bagasse waste to produce valuable chemicals and value-added commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M A A Ramadan
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Reda M Shehata
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB), Al Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Hussein H El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology (RCMB), Al Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven L Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Sabry A H Zidan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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29
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Park S, Han N, Lee JM, Lee JH, Bae S. Effects of Allium hookeri Extracts on Hair-Inductive and Anti-Oxidative Properties in Human Dermal Papilla Cells. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091919. [PMID: 37176977 PMCID: PMC10181221 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and cellular senescence in dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are major etiological factors causing hair loss. In this study, the effect of the Allium hookeri extract (AHE) on hair-inductive and anti-oxidative properties was investigated in human DPCs. As a result, it was found that a non-cytotoxic concentration of the extracts increased the viability and size of the human DPC spheroid, which was associated with the increased expression of hair-growth-related genes in cells. To determine whether or not these effects could be attributed to intracellular anti-oxidative effects, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry alongside various biochemical analyses are conducted herein. An ingredient called alliin was identified as one of the main components. Furthermore, AHE treatment induced a significant decrease in H2O2-mediated cytotoxicities, cell death, and cellular senescence in human DPCs. Upon analyzing these results with a molecular mechanism approach, it was shown that AHE treatment increased β-Catenin and NRF2 translocation into the nucleus while inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB (p50) through p38 and PKA-mediated phosphorylations of GSK3β, an upstream regulator of those proteins. These results overall indicate the possibility that AHE can regulate GSK3β-mediated β-Catenin, NRF2, and NF-κB signaling to enhance hair-inductive properties and ultimately protect against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage in human DPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokmuk Park
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Han
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Derma Bio Medical Research Center, Dermato Bio, Inc., 174-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Derma Bio Medical Research Center, Dermato Bio, Inc., 174-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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30
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Dong L, Lee H, Liu Z, Lee DS. Anti-Skin Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Effects of the Neoflavonoid Latifolin Isolated from Dalbergia odorifera in HaCaT and BJ-5ta Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087371. [PMID: 37108534 PMCID: PMC10138365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is the first line of defense in the body against external stimulation and injury. Inflammation and oxidative stress in skin cells are the initiators and promoters of several skin diseases. Latifolin is a natural flavonoid isolated from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of latifolin. The anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (TNF-α/IFN-γ)-treated HaCaT cells, revealing that latifolin inhibited the secretion of Interleukin 6 (IL-6); Interleukin 8 (IL-8); Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted (RANTES); and Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) while decreasing the expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1). The results of western blots and immunofluorescence demonstrated that the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) cells signaling pathways were significantly inhibited by latifolin. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using t-BHP-induced BJ-5ta cells. Latifolin increased the viability of t-BHP-induced BJ-5ta cells. Additionally, fluorescent staining of reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed that the production of ROS was inhibited by latifolin. Additionally, latifolin reduced the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. The results indicate that latifolin has potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and may be a candidate natural compound for the treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsha Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiming Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Hu S, Simon JE, Wang M, Wu Y, Huang Y, Wu Q. Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum) Leaf Extract Alleviates Skin Inflammation: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36838778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum, Seh-Haw in Wolof) is a popular bush tea in West African countries. Although the kinkéliba plant's leaves have been widely consumed for its nutritional and medicinal properties, its benefits on skin health potential have been practically untouched. In human epidermal primary keratinocytes, vitexin and isovitexin-rich kinkéliba extract treatment significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced up to 39.6% of the cell survival rate decreased by UV radiation irritation. The treatment of kinkéliba leaf extracts also reduced the production of UV-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 by 57.6% and 42.5%, respectively (p < 0.001), which cause skin redness and skin barrier dysfunction, as well as wrinkles and collagen degradation. The anti-inflammation efficacy of kinkéliba leaf extracts might involve significant inhibition on the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (-70.8%, p < 0.001) and nitrotyrosine (-56.9%, p < 0.05). Further topical applications of kinkéliba leaf extract gel were found to reduce sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-induced skin inflammation: at D7, the skin trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin redness (a* value) were both reduced by 59.81% (p < 0.001) and 22.4% (p < 0.001), compared with D0. In vitro and in vivo data support a new topical application of the kinkéliba leaf as an effective active ingredient for the treatment of skin inflammation, as well as subsequent barrier dysfunction and inflammaging.
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Bhupatiraju L, Bethala K, Wen Goh K, Singh Dhaliwal J, Ching Siang T, Menon S, Menon B, Anchu KB, Yee Chan S, Chiau Ming L, Khan A. Influence of Murraya koenigii extract on diabetes induced rat brain aging. J Med Life 2023; 16:307-316. [PMID: 36937470 PMCID: PMC10015565 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Food supplements are used to improve cognitive functions in age-related dementia. This study was designed to determine the Murraya koenigii leaves' effect on Alloxan-induced cognitive impairment in diabetic rats and the contents of oxidative stress biomarkers, catalase, reduced glutathione, and glutathione reductase in brain tissue homogenates. Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (six rats per group). Group I received saline water (1 ml, p.o.), Diabetes was induced in Groups II-VII with Alloxan (120 mg/kg/p.o). Group III was provided with Donepezil HCl (2.5 mg/kg/p.o.), Group IV, V, VI, and VII with Murraya koenigii ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.) and aqueous extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.), respectively, for 30 days. Behavior, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress status, and histopathological features were determined in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Administration of Murraya koenigii ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly (P<0.05, P<0.001) increased the number of holes crossed by rats from one chamber to another. There was an increase in the (1) latency to reach the solid platform, (2) number of squares traveled by rats on the 30th day, and (3) percentage of spontaneous alternation behavior compared to the control group. Administration for successive days markedly decreased AChE activity (P<0.05), decreased TBARS level, and increased catalase, GSH, and GR levels. Murayya koenigii could be a promising food supplement for people with dementia. However, more research into sub-chronic toxicity and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Bhupatiraju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Krupavaram Bethala
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tan Ching Siang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Shasidharan Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Bamavv Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Kishore Babu Anchu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Ipoh, Malaysia
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Kim YB, Lee KW. Role of Dietary Methyl Sulfonyl Methane in Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030351. [PMID: 36766239 PMCID: PMC9913537 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants within biological systems, leading to tissue damage and compromising the health of afflicted animals. The incorporation of dietary anti-oxidants into chicken diets has been a common practice to improve the performance, health, and welfare of the host by protecting against oxidative stress-induced damage. Methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM), a naturally occurring organosulfur compound found in various plant sources, has demonstrated various beneficial biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in both in vitro and in vivo studies. MSM has been utilized as a dietary supplement for humans for its anti-oxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has also been administered to domestic animals, including cattle, pigs, and chickens, owing to its recognized anti-oxidant effect. This review summarizes the biological and physiological functions of dietary MSM in poultry.
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Yang YJ, Song JH, Yang JH, Kim MJ, Kim KY, Kim JK, Jin YB, Kim WH, Kim S, Kim KR, Park KI, Lee HJ. Anti-Periodontitis Effects of Dendropanax morbiferus H.Lév Leaf Extract on Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Rats. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36677905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is caused by pathogens in the oral cavity. It is a chronic infectious disease that causes symptoms including gingival bleeding and tooth loss resulting from the destruction of periodontal tissues coupled with inflammation. Dendropanax morbiferus H.Lév (DM) is a natural product that exhibits various biological activities with few side effects. In this study, the potential of DM leaf hot-water extracts (DMWE) as a treatment for periodontitis was determined and its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated. Compounds in DMWE were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was measured in RAW 264.7 cells. We measured the gingival index and gingival sulcus depth, and micro-CT was performed in vivo using a ligature-induced periodontitis rat model, which is similar to human periodontitis. The DMWE-treated group exhibited a decrease in cytokine concentration and relieved the gingival index and gingival sulcus depth compared with the periodontitis-induced control group. In addition, micro-CT and histological analysis revealed that DMWE exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and improved alveolar bone loss in periodontitis-induced rats. These findings suggest that DMWE has excellent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that protect and prevent periodontal tissue damage and tooth loss caused by the inflammatory response.
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Ghosh AR, Alsayari A, Habib AH, Wahab S, Nadig APR, Rafeeq MM, Binothman N, Aljadani M, Al-Dhuayan IS, Alaqeel NK, Khalid M, Krishna KL. Anti-Tumor Potential of Gymnema sylvestre Saponin Rich Fraction on In Vitro Breast Cancer Cell Lines and In Vivo Tumor-Bearing Mouse Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36670996 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre (GS) is a perennial woody vine native to tropical Asia, China, the Arabian Peninsula, Africa and Australia. GS has been used as a medicinal plant with potential anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. This study was conceptualized to evaluate the cytotoxicity potential of Gymnema sylvestre saponin rich fraction (GSSRF) on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) by SRB assay. The anti-tumor activity of GSSRF was assessed in tumor-bearing Elrich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) mouse models. The anti-oxidant potential of GSSRF was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The acute toxicity of GSSRF was carried out according to OECD guideline 425. The yield of GSSRF was around 1.4% and the presence of saponin content in GSSRF was confirmed by qualitative and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of GSSRF on breast cancer cell lines were promising and found to be dose-dependent. An acute toxicity study of GSSRF was found to be safe at 2000 mg/kg body weight. GSSRF treatment has shown a significant increase in the body weight and the life span of EAC-bearing mice in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the control group. In the solid tumor model, the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight per day have shown about 46.70% and 60.80% reduction in tumor weight and controlled the tumor weight until the 30th day when compared with the control group. The activity of GSSRF in both models was similar to the cisplatin, a standard anticancer agent used in the study. Together, these results open the door for detailed investigations of anti-tumor potentials of GSSRF in specific tumor models, mechanistic studies and clinical trials leading to promising novel therapeutics for cancer therapy.
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Li H, Xiang D, Gong C, Wang X, Liu L. Naturally derived injectable hydrogels with ROS-scavenging property to protect transplanted stem cell bioactivity for osteoarthritic cartilage repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1109074. [PMID: 36686241 PMCID: PMC9848398 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1109074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) is a potential alternative to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and has aroused great interest of clinical researchers. However, the hostile microenvironment in the joint cavity, characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and excessive inflammation, disturbs the bioactivity of the transplanted stem cells. The (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), a green tea catechin, has attracted the researchers' attention owing to its powerful ROS-scavenging and antioxidant properties. In this study, to avoid rapid degradation and/or depletion of EGCG, we prepare a long-lasting injectable hydrogel by EGCG and hyaluronic acid (HA). The naturally derived hydrogels with excellent biocompatibility and durable retention time can capture the redundant ROS continuously and efficiently, thus protecting ADSCs from ROS-mediated death and bioactivity inhibition, including cell survival, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. Intra-articular injection of this ADSCs loaded hydrogel significantly induced synovial macrophages polarization to M2 phenotype, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, MMP-13, and TNF-α) expression, promoted cartilage matrix formation, and repaired cartilage destruction in OA. This stem cell-protected hydrogel delivery strategy showed superior efficacy than ADSCs delivering or EGCG-HA injection singly, which providing a potential alternative strategy for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongcheng Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Lin Liu,
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Oladokun S, Adewole D. An investigation of the effect of folic acid and its delivery routes on broiler chickens' hatch and growth performance, blood biochemistry, anti-oxidant status, and intestinal morphology. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad083. [PMID: 36932991 PMCID: PMC10079817 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of folic acid (FA) and its delivery routes (in-feed or in ovo) on broiler chicken's hatch and growth performance, blood biochemistry, anti-oxidant status, and intestinal morphology. A total of 1,860 Cobb 500 hatching eggs were incubated for 21 d. On day 12 of incubation, viable eggs were randomly allotted to four groups: the noninjected group, in ovo saline (injected with 0.1 mL/egg of saline solution), in ovo FA 1 (injected with 0.1 ml FA containing 0.1 mg/egg; FA1), and in ovo FA 2 (injected with 0.1 ml FA containing 0.15 mg/egg). All in ovo treatments were delivered via the amnion. At hatch, chicks were re-allotted to five new treatment groups: FA1, FA2, in-feed FA (FA 3; 5mg/kg in feed), in-feed bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD; 55 mg/kg in feed), and negative control (NC; corn-wheat-soybean diet) in 6 replicate pens (22 birds/pen) and raised in starter (days 0 to14), grower (days 15 to 24), and finisher (days 25 to 35) phases. Hatch parameters were assessed on day 0, and body weight and feed intake (FI) were determined weekly. On day 25, 1 bird/cage was euthanized, immune organs weighed, and intestinal tissues harvested. Blood samples were collected for biochemistry and anti-oxidant (Superoxide dismutase-SOD and Malondialdehyde-MDA) analysis. Data were analyzed in a randomized complete block design. While FA1 and FA2 decreased (P < 0.001) hatchability in a dose-dependent manner, FA2 caused a 2% increase (P < 0.05) in average chick weight compared to the noninjected group. Compared to the BMD treatment, FA3 decreased (P < 0.05) average FI across all feeding phases. At the end of the trial on day 35, FA2 had similar feed conversion ratio as the BMD treatment while recording less (P < 0.001) FI. FA1 and FA2 recorded a tendency (P < 0.1) to increase MDA levels and SOD activity by 50% and 19%, respectively, compared to the NC treatment. Compared to NC treatment, FA2 increased (P < 0.01) villus height, width, and villus height to crypt depth ratio in the duodenum, and villus width in the jejunum. Besides its negative effect on hatchability, FA2 may help improve embryonic development and anti-oxidant status in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Oladokun
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Deborah Adewole
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
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Sun Q, Dai E, Chen M, Zhang J, Mu J, Liu L, Geng T, Gong D, Zhang Y, Zhao M. Glucose-induced enhanced anti-oxidant activity inhibits apoptosis in goose fatty liver. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad059. [PMID: 36808418 PMCID: PMC10024792 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of mammalian nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial function, and increased apoptosis in hepatocytes; however, the expressions of mitochondria-related genes are elevated in goose fatty liver, suggesting that there may be a unique protective mechanism in goose fatty liver. The aim of the study was to investigate this protective mechanism in terms of anti-oxidant capacity. Our data showed no substantial differences in the mRNA expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes including B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), BCL2-associated X (Bax), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3), and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-9 (Caspase-9) in the livers of the control and overfeeding Lander geese groups. The protein expression levels of Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9 were not markedly different between the groups. Compared with the control group, malondialdehyde content was significantly lower (P < 0.01), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, glutathione (GSH) content, and mitochondrial membrane potential levels were higher (P < 0.01) in the overfeeding group. The mRNA expression levels of the anti-oxidant genes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) were increased in goose primary hepatocytes after 40 mM and 60 mM glucose treatment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.01), whereas the mitochondrial membrane potential was maintained at normal levels. The mRNA expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 were not substantial. There were no significant differences in the expression levels of Caspase-3 and cleaved Caspase-9 proteins. In conclusion, glucose-induced enhanced anti-oxidant capacity may help protect the function of mitochondria and inhibit the occurrence of apoptosis in goose fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Erpeng Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Jinqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Ji’an Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Minmeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
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Jiang Q, Sherlock DN, Zhang H, Guyader J, Pan YX, Loor JJ. One-carbon metabolism and related pathways in ruminal and small intestinal epithelium of lactating dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad062. [PMID: 36852676 PMCID: PMC10103064 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological and environmental stresses such as the transition into lactation and heat load contribute to gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunction. The nonruminant gastrointestinal tract has mechanisms to cope with pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory stressors arising from the gut lumen or within intestinal cells. One-carbon metabolism (OCM) contributes to anti-oxidant capacity via the production of glutathione (GSH) and taurine, and the synthesis of phospholipid, creatine, and the osmolyte glycinebetaine among others. A multipronged approach was used to assess the biological relevance of OCM and closely-related pathways on GIT function in dairy cows. Ruminal papillae (Rum) and scrapings from duodenum (Duo), jejunum (Jej), and ileum (Ile) were collected at slaughter from eight multiparous Holstein cows averaging 128 ± 12 d in milk and producing 39 ± 5 kg/d. A MIXED model ANOVA with preplanned orthogonal contrasts was used for statistical analysis. Methionine adenosyl transferase 1 activity (MAT) was ~10-fold greater (P < 0.01) and cystathionine β-synthase activity doubled in Rum vs. small intestine. Total glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was greatest (P = 0.03) in Ile, but similar to Rum. Activity and mRNA abundance of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase were undetectable. There was a 2.5-fold greater protein abundance of GPX1 (P < 0.01) and a ~2-fold greater abundance of GPX3 (P < 0.01) in Rum vs. small intestine. Among the various amino acids (AA) with roles in OCM or closely-related pathways (e.g. creatine synthesis), concentrations of arginine, aspartate, glutamine, methionine, and serine were lower (P < 0.01) in Rum vs. small intestine. Unlike AA, concentrations of OCM-related intermediates S-5'-adenosyl-homocysteine (SAH), glycinebetaine, carnitine, creatine (CRE), and cysteinesulfinic acid were greater (P < 0.01) while taurine was lower in Rum vs. small intestine. Intermediates of the folate cycle were undetectable. The fact that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) was undetectable while MAT activity and SAH were greater in Rum suggested that availability of SAM (a methyl donor) is a key determinant of flux through the folate and methionine cycles in the GIT. Except for adenosine, concentrations of glutamate, glycine, α-ketoglutarate, hypotaurine, and GSH were lowest in Ile. Together, the data underscored unique differences in activity of one-carbon metabolism and related pathways across sections of the GIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianming Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
| | - Danielle N Sherlock
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
| | - Huimin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | | | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, IL, USA
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Jia W, Dong C, Li B. Anti-Oxidant and Pro-Oxidant Effects of Peroxiredoxin 6: A Potential Target in Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2023; 12. [PMID: 36611974 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is widely distributed in several organs, especially the lungs. The role of PRDX6 in oxidative stress is controversial and even contradictory, as indicated by research conducted over the past 20 years. PRDX6 has anti-oxidant or pro-oxidant effects on oxidative stress in different diseases. It can even exhibit both anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant effects in the same disease. These findings are attributed to the fact that PRDX6 is a multifunctional enzyme. The peroxidase and phospholipase A2 activity of PRDX6 is closely related to its anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant effects, which leads to the conflicting regulatory effects of PRDX6 on oxidative stress in respiratory diseases. Moreover, PRDX6 interacts with multiple redox signaling pathways to interfere with cell proliferation and apoptosis. PRDX6 has become a new target in respiratory disease research due to its important regulatory role in oxidative stress. In this paper, the role of PRDX6 in oxidative stress in respiratory diseases and the research progress in targeting PRDX6 are reviewed.
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Merakeb MS, Bribi N, Ferhat R, Aziez M, Yanat B. Alkaloids Extract from Linum usitatissimum Attenuates 12-OTetradecanoylphorbol- 13-Acetate (TPA)-induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mouse Skin. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2023; 21:179-187. [PMID: 36515033 DOI: 10.2174/1871523022666221212121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traditional medicine, Linum usitatissimum treats inflammatory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to assess the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of total alkaloid extract from Linum usitatissimum seeds (ALU) on the ear histological integrity and oxidant- antioxidant status in a mice model of a sub-chronic inflammation induced by multiapplication of TPA. METHODS Topical TPA treatment induced various inflammatory changes, including edema formation, epidermal thickness, and the excess production of reactive oxygen species. Tissue samples were used for the measurement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Catalase (CAT) activities. RESULTS Oral administration of ALU (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) produced anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Also, ALU significantly reduced ear edema and inflammatory cell infiltration and restored the integrity of the ear. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the total alkaloid extract from Linum usitatissimum seeds presents significant anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects on TPA-induced sub-chronic inflammation model in NMRI mice and can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent for the therapeutic management of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sofiane Merakeb
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Bribi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Riad Ferhat
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Meriem Aziez
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
| | - Betitera Yanat
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Ethnobotanique, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria
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Singh A, Dhaneshwar S, Mazumder A. Investigating Neuroprotective Potential of Berberine, Levetiracetam and their Combination in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease Utilizing Drug Repurposing Strategy. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2023; 18:182-190. [PMID: 34515019 DOI: 10.2174/2772432816666210910104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present work was to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of berberine, levetiracetam and their combination in lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity by applying a drug repositioning approach. BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by impairment of memory, disturbances in reasoning, planning, language and perception. Currently, there are only four drugs approved by US-FDA for AD; therefore, there is an extensive need for new drug development. The drug repositioning approach refers to the development of new uses for existing or abandoned pharmaceuticals. Several studies support the neuroprotective abilities of anti-oxidants resulting in neuronal protection against neurotoxins, suppression of oxidative stress and promotion of memory, learning and cognitive functions. Many natural polyphenols are being investigated as a potential therapeutic option for AD. Levetiracetam (LEV), a second-generation antiepileptic drug, is a new molecule that is clearly differentiated from conventional antiepileptic drugs by its pharmacologic properties. LEV also has been previously demonstrated to protect against oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity in several models of seizures. Berberine (BBR) is an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant phytoconstituent. OBJECTIVE To study the therapeutic effect of berberine, levetiracetam and their physical mixture in lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity in Swiss albino mice for probable application in the management of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Neurotoxicity was induced in Swiss albino mice by lead acetate. Behavioural parameters, such as transfer latency time and percentage alternation, were studied using Morris water maze (MWM), Elevated plus-maze test (EPM) and Y-maze for the assessment of improvement in learning and memory. Concentrations of acetylcholinesterase, MDA and GSH in the brain were also estimated. Brain samples were subjected to histopathological studies. RESULTS Results revealed that the combination of BBR and LEV exhibited a significant neuroprotective effect by decreasing escape latency time and increasing time spent in the target quadrant in MWM. The combination also decreases transfer latency time in EPM and acetylcholinesterase levels in the brain as compared to standard donepezil. Reduced neuronal damage was also confirmed by the histopathological report. CONCLUSION Leveteracitam, berberin and their combination resulted in the significant conservation of various behavioural, biochemical, enzymatic and anti-oxidant parameters that were evaluated. The neuroprotective effect of plain leveteracitam and berberin was significantly better than their combination. The anticipated synergism or additive effect was not observed with the combination of leveteracitam and berberin in lead acetate-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Singh
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Lucknow, Noida, U.P, India
| | - Suneela Dhaneshwar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Lucknow, Noida, U.P, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida-201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Balkrishna A, Singh R, Gohel V, Arora S, Dev R, Bhattacharya K, Varshney A. Enteric-Coated Cologrit Tablet Exhibit Robust Anti-Inflammatory Response in Ulcerative Colitis-like In-Vitro Models by Attuning NFκB-Centric Signaling Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16. [PMID: 36678560 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the patients' colorectal area culminating in an inflamed 'leaky gut.' The majority of UC treatments only provide temporary respite leading to its relapse. Therefore, this study investigated the efficacy of the enteric-coated 'Cologrit' (EC) tablet in alleviating UC-like inflammation. Cologrit is formulated using polyherbal extracts that have anti-inflammatory qualities according to ancient Ayurveda scriptures. Phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of gallic acid, rutin, ellagic acid, and imperatorin in Cologrit formulation. Cologrit treatment decreased inflammation in LPS-induced transformed THP-1 macrophages, and TNF-α-stimulated human colorectal (HT-29) cells through the modulation of NFκB activity, IL-6 production, and NFκB, IL-1β, IL-8, and CXCL5 mRNA expression levels. Cologrit also lessened human monocytic (U937) cell adhesion to HT29 cells. Methacrylic acid-ethylacrylate copolymer-coating of the enteric Cologrit tablets (EC) supported their dissolution, and the release of phytochemicals in the small intestine pH 7.0 environment in a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model. Small intestine EC digestae effectively abridged dextran sodium sulfate (2.5% w/v)-induced cell viability loss and oxidative stress in human colon epithelial Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, the enteric-coated Cologrit tablets demonstrated good small intestine-specific phytochemical delivery capability, and decreased UC-like inflammation, and oxidative stress through the regulation of TNF-α/NFκB/IL6 signaling axis.
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Yang MH, Lu YS, Ho TC, Shen DHY, Huang YF, Chuang KP, Yuan CH, Tyan YC. Utilizing Proteomic Approach to Analyze Potential Antioxidant Proteins in Plant against Irradiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122498. [PMID: 36552706 PMCID: PMC9774815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-ray irradiation is an effective and clean method of sterilization by inactivating microorganisms. It can also be applied to induce anti-oxidants for future application. In this study, the mung bean (Vigna radiata) was exposed to gamma-ray irradiation under the dose of 0, 5 or 10 kGy. With increasing irradiation doses, the concentrations of malondiadehyde decreased while the levels of total flavonoids and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity increased. It has been shown that consuming flavonoids can provide protective effects. In addition, proteomic analysis identified several proteins having anti-oxidant activities in the 5 kGy irradiated group. These proteins are Apocytochrome f, Systemin receptor SR 160, DELLA protein DWARF8, DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase 9, ζ-carotene desaturase (ZDS), and Floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS. Our findings indicate that plants contain a variety of phytochemicals and antioxidant proteins which may effectively prevent oxidative stress caused by irradiated peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lu
- Office of Safety, Health and Environment, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chuan Ho
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Hueng-Yuan Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fong Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Pin Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hui Yuan
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Misra S, Ikbal AMA, Bhattacharjee D, Hore M, Mishra S, Karmakar S, Ghosh A, Srinivas R, Das A, Agarwal S, Saha KD, Bhardwaj P, Ubhadia IB, Ghosh P, De S, Tiwari ON, Chattopadhyay D, Palit P. Validation of antioxidant, antiproliferative, and in vitro anti-rheumatoid arthritis activities of epigallo-catechin-rich bioactive fraction from Camellia sinensis var. assamica, Assam variety white tea, and its comparative evaluation with green tea fraction. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14487. [PMID: 36309930 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The epigallocatechin-rich polyphenolic fraction of Assam variety white tea, traditionally used for the management of diverse inflammatory ailments and health drink, was investigated through eco-friendly green aqueous extraction, TLC, and HPLC characterization, phytochemical screening, in vitro DPPH assay, anti-proteinase, MTT assay on synovial fibroblast and colon cancer cells, apoptotic FACS analysis, cytokine ELISA, p-STAT3 western blotting, and in silico docking analysis. HPLC-TLC standardized white tea fraction (WT-F) rendered higher extractive-yield (21%, w/w), than green tea fraction(GT-F) (12%, w/w). WT-F containing flavonoids and non-hydrolysable polyphenols showed better antioxidant activity, rather than equivalent GT-F. WT-F demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid-arthritis activity via killing of synovial fibroblast cells (66.1%), downregulation of TNF-α (93.33%), IL-6 (87.97%), and p-STAT3 inhibition (77.75%). Furthermore, WT-F demonstrated better anti-proliferative activity against colon cancer cells (HCT-116). Collectively, our study revealed that the white tea fraction has boundless potential as anti-rheumatoid arthritis and anti-proliferative agent coupled with apoptotic, antioxidant anti-proteinase, and anti-inflammatory properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Our eco-friendly extracted bioactive aqueous fraction of white tea, characterized by TLC-HPLC study and phytochemical screening have demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid arthritis property and anti-proliferative action on colon cancer cells including potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proteinase efficacy. The test WT-F sample has shown impressive safety on normal mammalian cells. WT-F has demonstrated better efficacy against rheumatoid arthritis and cancer model compared to equivalent green tea fraction. Traditionally, it is extensively used for boosting immunity, and energy, with cosmetic, and agricultural applications by the native inhabitants. So, the aqueous fraction of WT is suggested to be used as a prophylactic nutraceutical supplement and or therapeutic agent in commercial polyherbal formulation to attenuate and management of auto-inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis and carcinogenesis of colon. It is additionally suggested to establish in vivo rheumatoid arthritis animal and clinical study to validate their pharmacokinetic stability and dose optimization coupled with anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and anti-oxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchaita Misra
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Dipanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Minakshi Hore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | | | - Sankha Karmakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Alakendu Ghosh
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Abhik Das
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Prashant Bhardwaj
- ICMR-Virus Unit (Presently ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases), Kolkata, India
| | - Ishvarlal Bhudarbhai Ubhadia
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India.,Rosekandi Tea Estate, Grant Pt I, Assam, India
| | - Parasar Ghosh
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sirshendu De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Onkar Nath Tiwari
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, India
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India.,Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.,NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, India
| | - Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
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Peng F, Hu Y, Peng S, Zeng N, Shi L. Apigenin exerts protective effect and restores ovarian function in dehydroepiandrosterone induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats: a biochemical and histological analysis. Ann Med 2022; 54:578-587. [PMID: 35152800 PMCID: PMC8843206 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2034933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major causes encouraging the elevation of androgens, obesity along with menstrual complications. Here we study the effect of Apigenin in rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome. METHODS Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were treated with Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100g) opting the post-pubertal approach for developing rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome, Metformin was used as standard. The treatments were given for 21 days along with coloproctological analysis. After the treatment regimen, the biochemical analysis was carried in plasma samples, whereas the ovaries were submitted for histopathological analysis. RESULTS The treatment of DHEA resulted in disturbed lipid profile and anti-oxidant status along with increased weight, ovarian diameter and cysts in rats confirming the development of PCOS. However, treatment of Apigenin showed ameliorative effect by improving the lipid profile and anti-oxidant status, the treatment also normalised the body weight, reduced ovarian diameter, cysts and restored the healthy follicles compared to control rats. The treatment of Apigenin also suppressed the levels of oestradiol and testosterone compared to control group, also, levels of progesterone were increased in Apigenin treated group of rats. The treatment of Apigenin suppressed the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. It was observed that the effect of Apigenin were to some extent parallel to standard drug Metformin. CONCLUSION The findings confirmed that Apigenin ameliorates the disturbed hormonal levels, lipid profile and antioxidant status in PCOS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxin Peng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of HuBei Province, Hubei, China
| | - Yichuan Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Shu Peng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of HuBei Province, Hubei, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of HuBei Province, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of HuBei Province, Hubei, China
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Hassan SSU, Abbas SQ, Muhammad I, Wu JJ, Yan SK, Ali F, Majid M, Jin HZ, Bungau S. Metals-triggered compound CDPDP exhibits anti-arthritic behavior by downregulating the inflammatory cytokines, and modulating the oxidative storm in mice models with extensive ADMET, docking and simulation studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1053744. [PMID: 36506587 PMCID: PMC9727203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1053744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering through abiotic stress, including chemical triggers like heavy metals, is a new technique for drug discovery. In this research, the effect of heavy metal Nickel on actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. SH-1327 to obtain a stress-derived compound was firstly investigated. A new compound cyclo-(D)-Pro-(D)-Phe (CDPDP) was triggered from the actinobacteria strain SH-1327 with the addition of nickel ions 1 mM. The stress compound was further evaluated for its anti-oxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity against rheumatoid arthritis through in-vitro and in-vivo assays in albino mice. A remarkable in-vitro anti-oxidant potential of CDPDP was recorded with the IC50 value of 30.06 ± 5.11 μg/ml in DPPH, IC50 of 18.98 ± 2.91 against NO free radicals, the IC50 value of 27.15 ± 3.12 against scavenging ability and IC50 value of 28.40 ± 3.14 μg/ml for iron chelation capacity. Downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO and MDA), suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-Iβ) and upregulation of expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes (GSH, catalase, and GST) unveiled its anti-inflammatory potential. CDPDP was analyzed in human chondrocyte cell line CHON-001 and the results demonstrated that CDPDP significantly increased cell survival, and inhibited apoptosis of IL-1β treated chondrocytes and IL-1β induced matrix degrading markers. In addition, to evaluate the mitochondrial fitness of CHON-001 cells, CDPDP significantly upregulated pgc1-α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, indicating that CDPDP provides protective effects in CHON-001 cells. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profile of the CDPDP showed that CDPDP is safe in cases of hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and cytochrome inhibition. Furthermore, docking results showed good binding of CDPDP with IL-6-17.4 kcal/mol, and the simulation studies proved the stability between ligand and protein. Therefore, the findings of the current study prospect CDPDP as a potent anti-oxidant and a plausible anti-arthritic agent with a strong pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Syed Qamar Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Muhammad
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fawad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Muhammad Majid, ; Hui-Zi Jin,
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Muhammad Majid, ; Hui-Zi Jin,
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Fadaei R, Mohassel Azadi S, Rhéaume E, Khazaie H. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its relation with disease severity. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:116. [PMID: 36344946 PMCID: PMC9639319 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to an accelerated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Some key CVD risk factors are present in patients suffering from OSA such as hypertension, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is proposed as a reliable biomarker of HDL function and the present study aimed to quantify this biomarker in patients with OSA. Methods ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), non-ABCA1, and total CEC were determined in 69 polysomnographic-confirmed OSA patients and 23 controls. Moreover, paraoxonase (PON) activities, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) circulating levels were quantified in the studied population. Results: All CEC measures were reduced in the OSA group compared to the control group. Strikingly, ABCA1 CEC was diminished in severe OSA in comparison with mild OSA. Furthermore, PON activities and apo A-I showed lower levels, while hsCRP and apo B were elevated in OSA patients compared to controls. Moreover, ABCA1 CEC showed an inverse association with hsCRP and a positive association with apo A-I, while non-ABCA1 CEC presented an association with HDL-C. Conclusion These results suggest the presence of an impaired HDL function in OSA. In particular, ABCA1 CEC was associated with disease severity and inflammation which could be a factor increasing the risk of CVD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01723-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fadaei
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mohassel Azadi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Rhéaume
- grid.482476.b0000 0000 8995 9090Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, H1T 1C8 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit boulevard, Montreal, H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ahmed A, Khan AU, Nadeem H, Imran M, Irshad N. Pharmacological evaluation of newly synthesized benzimidazole derivative for anti-Alzheimer potential. Int J Neurosci 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36259511 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2138382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Backgound: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a disastrous disease characterized by accretion of amyloid-beta plaques, neurofibrillary tangles inducing oxidative stress, loss of neuronal functions and continuous progression of cognitive impairment leading to severe dementia.Material and Methods: The newly synthesized benzimidazole derivative 4-chloro-3-(2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-1-sulfonyl) benzoic acid (CB) was evaluated for its anti-Alzheimer activity using in silico, in vivo, in vitro and molecular techniques (ELISA, WB & IHC).Results: In-silico studies revealed that CB has atomic contact energy values of -3.9 to -8.9 kcal/mol against selected targets. In vitro assay showed that CB caused acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition. In-vivo findings revealed improvement in dementia as observed in the morris water maze test and Ymaze test. Amyloid-beta disaggregation, increased level of anti-oxidants, decreased expressions of inflammatory markers and enhanced cellular architecture were found in the cortex and hippocampus of treated rats in the histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis.Conclusions: This study revealed that CB possess different binding affinities with the Alzheimer-related targets and it possess anti-Alzheimer activity, mediated via AChE and amyloid-beta inhibition, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleeza Ahmed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Iqra Department Of Pharmacy, Iqra University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Melrose J, Smith MM. Natural and Semi-Synthetic Flavonoid Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents for the Treatment of Long COVID-19 Disease and Neurodegenerative Disorders of Cognitive Decline. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2022; 14:27. [PMID: 36575843 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbe1404027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight the beneficial attributes of flavonoids, a diverse family of widely-distributed polyphenolic phytochemicals that have beneficial cell and tissue protective properties. Phytochemicals are widely distributed in plants, herbs and shrubs used in traditional complimentary medical formulations for centuries. The bioactive components that convey beneficial medicinal effects in these complex herbal preparations are now being identified using network pharmacology and molecular docking procedures that identify their molecular targets. Flavonoids have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial and anti-cancer properties that have inspired the development of potent multifunctional derivatised flavonoids of improved efficacy. The antiviral properties of flavonoids and the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has resulted in a resurgence of interest in phytochemicals in the search for efficacious compounds that can prevent viral infection or replication, with many promising plant compounds identified. Promising semi-synthetic flavonoid derivatives have also been developed that inhibit multiple pathological neurodegenerative processes; these offer considerable promise in the treatment of diseases of cognitive decline. Clinical trials are currently being undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of dietary supplements rich in flavonoids for the treatment of virally-mediated diseases. Such trials are expected to identify flavonoids with cell and tissue protective properties that can be harnessed in biomedical applications that may serve as supportive adjunctive procedures to conventional anti-viral drug therapies against diseases such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Margaret M Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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