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Sokołowska M, Zarei M, Fray ME. Enzymatic synthesis of furan-based copolymers: Material characterization and potential for biomedical applications. Polim Med 2024; 54:0-0. [PMID: 38533623 DOI: 10.17219/pim/184535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Today's growing demand for advanced and sustainable polyester materials is driven by an increasing awareness of the environmental impact of traditional materials, emphasizing the need for eco-friendly alternatives. Sustainability has become central in materials development, including the biomedical area, where biobased and environmentally friendly solutions are a rapidly growing field. OBJECTIVES This research aims to comprehensively evaluate a new enzymatically catalyzed furan-based copolymer, poly(decamethylene furanoate)-co-(dilinoleic furanoate) (PDF-DLF), with a 70-30 wt% hard-to-soft segment ratio. Then, its performance across medical applications is explored, with a particular focus on its potential as a nanofibrous scaffolding material. MATERIAL AND METHODS PDF-DLF was synthesized from biobased monomers using Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) as the biocatalyst. Material characterization included dynamic mechan‑ical thermal analysis (DMTA) to assess the mechanical behavior and thermal properties. Enzymatic degradation studies determined biodegradability, while cytotoxicity tests established in vitro biocompatibility. The copolymer was electrospun into nanofibers, with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) employed to analyze their morphology. RESULTS PDF-DLF displays mechanical and thermal properties indicating high storage modulus and 2 main temperature transitions. Enzymatic degradation studies and cytotoxicity assessments confirm biodegradability and in vitro biocompatibility. Electrospinning successfully transformed the copolymer into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 500 nm to 700 nm. CONCLUSIONS This study significantly advances our understanding of sustainable polyesters with versatile processing capabilities. The successful electrospinning highlights its potential as a biodegradable scaffold for medical engineering, supported by biocompatibility and sufficient mechanical properties. It opens new opportunities for sustainable materials in critical biomedical industries, including tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Sokołowska
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Moein Zarei
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mirosława El Fray
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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2
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Hendeniya N, Chittick C, Hillery K, Abtahi S, Mosher C, Chang B. Revealing the Kinetic Phase Behavior of Block Copolymer Complexes Using Solvent Vapor Absorption-Desorption Isotherms. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38530201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the self-assembled morphologies in block copolymers heavily depends on their molecular architecture and processing conditions. Solvent vapor annealing is a versatile processive pathway to obtain highly periodic self-assemblies from high chi (χ) block copolymers (BCPs) and supramolecular BCP complexes. Despite the importance of navigating the energy landscape, controlled solvent vapor annealing (SVA) has not been investigated in BCP complexes, partly due to its intricate multicomponent nature. We introduce characteristic absorption-desorption solvent vapor isotherms as an effective way to understand swelling behavior and follow the morphological evolution of the polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) block copolymer complexed with pentadecylphenol (PS-b-P4VP(PDP)). Using the sorption isotherms, we identify the glass transition points, polymer-solvent interaction parameters, and bulk modulus. These parameters indicate that complexation completely screens the polymer interchain interactions. Furthermore, we established that the sorption isotherm of the homopolymer blocks serves to deconvolute the intricacy of BCP complexes. We applied our findings by developing annealing pathways for grain coarsening while preventing macroscopic film dewetting under SVA. Here, grain coarsening obeyed a power law and the growth exponent revealed a kinetic transition point for rapid self-assembly. Overall, SVA-based sorption isotherms have emerged as a critical method for understanding and developing annealing pathways for BCP complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayanathara Hendeniya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Caden Chittick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Hillery
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Shaghayegh Abtahi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Curtis Mosher
- Roy J. Carver High-Resolution Microscopy Facility, Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Boyce Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Micro-Electronics Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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3
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Hurst PJ, Yoon J, Singh R, Abouchaleh MF, Stewart KA, Sumerlin BS, Patterson JP. Hybrid Photoiniferter and Ring-Opening Polymerization Yields One-Pot Anisotropic Nanorods. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400100. [PMID: 38520318 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has emerged as a scalable one-pot technique to prepare block copolymer nanoparticles. Recently, we developed a PISA process that resulted in poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer nanoparticles coined ring-opening polymerization-induced crystallization-driven self-assembly (ROPI-CDSA). The resulting nanorods demonstrated a strong propensity for aggregation, resulting in the formation of 2D sheets and 3D networks. Here, we report the synthesis of poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)-b-poly(L)-lactide block copolymer nanoparticles by ROPI-CDSA utilizing a two-step, one-pot approach. A dual-functionalized photoiniferter was first used for controlled radical polymerization of the acrylamido-based monomer, and the resulting polymer served as a macroinitiator for organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization to form the solvophobic polyester block. The resulting nanorods are highly stable and display anisotropy at higher molecular weights (>12k Da) and concentrations (>20% solids) than our previous report. This development expands the chemical scope of ROPI-CDSA block copolymers and provides readily accessible nanorods made with biocompatible materials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joshua Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Junsik Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Riya Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | | | - Kevin A Stewart
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joseph P Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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4
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Szewczyk-Łagodzińska M, Oleksiuk D, Kowalczyk S, Czajka A, Dużyńska A, Łapińska A, Ryszkowska J, Dziewit P, Janiszewski J, Plichta A. Multifunctional Block Copolymers, Acting as Recycling Aids, by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301232. [PMID: 37975580 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers utilizing oligomeric poly(pentylene-co-hexylene carbonate)diol modified with 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and further with 2-bromo-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methylpropanamide were synthesized and utilized as Activators ReGenerated by Electron Transfer Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization macroinitiators to obtain a first generation of multifunctional recycling additives with poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) side chains, which could act as chain extenders. Then, chosen additive was reacted with a radical scavenger, 3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), to obtain a second generation of reactive additives. Those copolymers had different numbers of epoxy groups per polymer chain, and different number of epoxides opened with DHBA, hence showed a range of properties, and were utilized as reactive modifiers for polylactide (PLA) extrusion melting. The first-generation modifiers caused an increase in PLA's blends relative melt viscosity, stabilized material properties, and enhanced impact strength, while the second-generation modifiers with more than 8 % of epoxide ring opened showed worse properties. However, they managed to suppress the UV degradation of PLA blend plates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawid Oleksiuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kowalczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Czajka
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dużyńska
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Łapińska
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Ryszkowska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziewit
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Jarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, Gen. Sylwester Kaliski 2, 00-908, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Janiszewski
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Jarosław Dąbrowski Military University of Technology, Gen. Sylwester Kaliski 2, 00-908, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Plichta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Guen YL, Delecourt G, Gall TL, Du H, Illy N, Huin C, Bennevault V, Midoux P, Montier T, Guégan P. Neutral Block Copolymer Assisted Gene delivery using Hydrodynamic Limb Vein Injection. Macromol Biosci 2024:e2300568. [PMID: 38512438 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Three different amphiphilic block copolymer families were synthesized to investigate new opportunities to enhance gene delivery via Hydrodynamic Limb Vein (HLV) injections. First a polyoxazoline-based family containing mostly one poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMeOx) block and a second block POx with an ethyl (EtOx), isopropyl (iPrOx) or phenyl substituent (PhOx) has been synthesized. Then an ABC poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) triblock copolymer was synthesized, with a thermosensitive middle block. Finally, polyglycidol-b-polybutylenoxide-b-polyglycidol copolymers with various molar masses and amphiphilic balance were produced. The simple architecture of neutral amphiphilic triblock copolymer is not sufficient to obtain enhanced in vivo gene transfection. Double or triple amphiphilic neutral block copolymers are improving the in vivo transfection performances through HLV administration as far as a block having an LCST is incorporated in the vector. The molar mass of the copolymer does not seem to affect the vector performances in a significant manner. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Le Guen
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA Team, Brest, F-29200, France
- CHU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Maladies Neuromusculaires, Brest, 29200, France
| | - Gwendoline Delecourt
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA Team, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Haiqin Du
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Illy
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Huin
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
- University of Evry, Evry, France
| | - Véronique Bennevault
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
- University of Evry, Evry, France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, Orléans, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Univ Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB-GTCA Team, Brest, F-29200, France
- CHU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Maladies Neuromusculaires, Brest, 29200, France
| | - Philippe Guégan
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Sorbonne University, UMR 8232 CNRS, Paris, France
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Bae S, Kim DH, Kim SY. Constructing a Comprehensive Nanopattern Library through Morphological Transitions of Block Copolymer Surface Micelles via Direct Solvent Immersion. Small 2024:e2311939. [PMID: 38461516 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This study establishes a comprehensive library of nanopatterns achievable by a single block copolymer (BCP), ranging from spheres to complex structures like split micelles, flower-like clusters, toroids, disordered micelle arrays, and unspecified unique shapes. The ordinary nanostructures of polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) surface micelles deposited on a SiOx surface undergo a unique morphology transformation when immersed directly in solvents. Investigating parameters such as immersion solvents, BCP molecular weight, substrate interactions, and temperature, this work reveals the influence of these parameters on the thermodynamics and kinetics governing the morphology transformation. Additionally, the practical application of BCP nanopattern templates for fabricating metal nanostructures through direct solvent immersion of surface micelles is demonstrated. This approach offers an efficient and effective method for producing diverse nanostructures, with the potential to be employed in nanolithography, catalysts, electronics, membranes, plasmonics, and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokyoung Bae
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyup Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - So Youn Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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7
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Cheng Y, Huang B, Mao Q, Huang X, Liu J, Zhou C, Zhou W, Ren X, Kim S, Kim W, Sun Z, Wu F, Yang C, Chen L. Three-in-One Strategy Enables Single-Component Organic Solar Cells with Record Efficiency and High Stability. Adv Mater 2024:e2312938. [PMID: 38320218 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) with covalently bonding donor and acceptor are becoming increasingly attractive because of their superior stability over traditional multicomponent blend organic solar cells (OSCs). Nevertheless, the efficiency of SCOSCs is far behind the state-of-the-art multicomponent OSCs. Herein, by combination of the advantages of three-component and single-component devices, this work reports an innovative three-in-one strategy to boost the performance of SCOSCs. In this three-in-one strategy, three independent components (PM6, D18, and PYIT) are covalently linked together to create a new single-component active layer based on ternary conjugated block copolymer (TCBC) PM6-D18-b-PYIT by a facile polymerization. Precisely manipulating the component ratios in the polymer chains of PM6-D18-b-PYIT is able to broaden light utilization, promote charge dynamics, optimize, and stabilize film morphology, contributing to the simultaneously enhanced efficiency and stability of the SCOSCs. Ultimately, the PM6-D18-b-PYIT-based device exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.89%, which is the highest efficiency of the reported SCOSCs. Thanks to the aggregation restriction of each component and chain entanglement in the three-in-one system, the PM6-D18-b-PYIT-based SCOSC displays significantly higher stability than the corresponding two-component (PM6-D18:PYIT) and three-component (PM6:D18:PYIT). These results demonstrate that the three-in-one strategy is facile and promising for developing SCOSCs with superior efficiency and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Bin Huang
- School of Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 156 Ke Jia Road, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Qilong Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xuexiang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xinyuan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Seoyoung Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Wonjun Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Feiyan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Lie Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
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8
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Sahu B, Sinha P, Kumar D, Patel K, Banerjee S. Magnetically Recyclable Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron-Mediated PhotoRDRP in Ionic Liquid toward Smart, Functional Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300500. [PMID: 37870940 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A facile method based on recyclable nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-mediated photoinduced reversible deactivation radical polymerization in ionic liquid (IL) leads to the synthesis of narrow disperse poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PTBMA), amphiphilic PTBMA-block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methacrylate) diblock copolymer and double hydrophilic poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methacrylate) (PMAA-b-PPEGMA) diblock copolymers thereof. Stimuli response of the synthesized PMAA-b-PPEGMA diblock copolymer against variation in pH and temperature is assessed. Recyclability of the nZVI (catalyst) and IL (solvent) is established. Polymerization may be switched ON or OFF, simply by turning the UVA light irradiation ON or OFF, offering temporal control. The diblock copolymer self-aggregates into spherical nanoaggregates which are employed for encapsulation of coumarin 102 (C102, a typical hydrophobic dye), describing their potential application in drug delivery applications. The facile synthesis strategy may open up new avenues for the preparation of intelligent functional polymers for engineering and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanendra Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
| | - Priyank Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
| | - Kundan Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
| | - Sanjib Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, 491001, India
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9
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Leer K, Reichel LS, Kimmig J, Richter F, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC, Zechel S, Schubert US, Traeger A. Optimization of Mixed Micelles Based on Oppositely Charged Block Copolymers by Machine Learning for Application in Gene Delivery. Small 2024; 20:e2306116. [PMID: 37794626 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines represent a milestone in developing non-viral gene carriers, and their success highlights the crucial need for continued research in this field to address further challenges. Polymer-based delivery systems are particularly promising due to their versatile chemical structure and convenient adaptability, but struggle with the toxicity-efficiency dilemma. Introducing anionic, hydrophilic, or "stealth" functionalities represents a promising approach to overcome this dilemma in gene delivery. Here, two sets of diblock terpolymers are created comprising hydrophobic poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA), a copolymer segment made of hydrophilic 4-acryloylmorpholine (NAM), and either the cationic 3-guanidinopropyl acrylamide (GPAm) or the 2-carboxyethyl acrylamide (CEAm), which is negatively charged at neutral conditions. These oppositely charged sets of diblocks are co-assembled in different ratios to form mixed micelles. Since this experimental design enables countless mixing possibilities, a machine learning approach is applied to identify an optimal GPAm/CEAm ratio for achieving high transfection efficiency and cell viability with little resource expenses. After two runs, an optimal ratio to overcome the toxicity-efficiency dilemma is identified. The results highlight the remarkable potential of integrating machine learning into polymer chemistry to effectively tackle the enormous number of conceivable combinations for identifying novel and powerful gene transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Leer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Liên S Reichel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Kimmig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Zechel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
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10
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Zuben de Valega Negrão CV, Cerize NN, Silva Justo-Junior AD, Liszbinski RB, Meneguetti GP, Araujo L, Rocco SA, Almeida Gonçalves KD, Cornejo DR, Leo P, Perecin C, Adamoski D, Gomes Dias SM. HER2 aptamer-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with PDMAEMA-b-PMPC coating for breast cancer cell identification. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:231-254. [PMID: 38284384 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To synthesize HER2 aptamer-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles with a coating of poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)-poly(2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine) block copolymer (IONPPPs). Methods: Characterization covered molecular structure, chemical composition, thermal stability, magnetic characteristics, aptamer interaction, crystalline nature and microscopic features. Subsequent investigations focused on IONPPPs for in vitro cancer cell identification. Results: Results demonstrated high biocompatibility of the diblock copolymer with no significant toxicity up to 150 μg/ml. The facile coating process yielded the IONPP complex, featuring a 13.27 nm metal core and a 3.10 nm polymer coating. Functionalized with a HER2-targeting DNA aptamer, IONPPP enhanced recognition in HER2-amplified SKBR3 cells via magnetization separation. Conclusion: These findings underscore IONPPP's potential in cancer research and clinical applications, showcasing diagnostic efficacy and HER2 protein targeting in a proof-of-concept approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyro von Zuben de Valega Negrão
- Graduate Program in Genetics & Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-864, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Np Cerize
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Bester Liszbinski
- Graduate Program in Genetics & Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-864, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Pastore Meneguetti
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araujo
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvana A Rocco
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kaliandra de Almeida Gonçalves
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel R Cornejo
- Department of Materials & Mechanics, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Leo
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Perecin
- Bionanomanufacturing Center, Institute for Technological Research (IPT), 05508-901, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adamoski
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Gomes Dias
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy & Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Chountoulesi M, Pippa N, Forys A, Trzebicka B, Pispas S. Structure-Based Evaluation of Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticles: The Role of the Polymeric Guest. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:290. [PMID: 38276698 PMCID: PMC10818590 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of phospholipids and block-copolymers yields advanced hybrid nanoparticles through the self-assembly process in an aqueous environment. The physicochemical features of the lipid/polymer components, like the lipid-polymer molar ratio, the macromolecular architecture of the block copolymer, the main transition temperature of the phospholipid, as well as the formulation and preparation protocol parameters, are some of the most crucial parameters for the formation of hybrid lipid/polymer vesicles and for the differentiation of their morphology. The morphology, along with other physicochemical nanoparticle characteristics are strictly correlated with the nanoparticle's later biological behavior after being administered, affecting interactions with cells, biodistribution, uptake, toxicity, drug release, etc. In the present study, a structural evaluation of hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles based on cryo-TEM studies was undertaken. Different kinds of hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles were designed and developed using phospholipids and block copolymers with different preparation protocols. The structures obtained ranged from spherical vesicles to rod-shaped structures, worm-like micelles, and irregular morphologies. The obtained morphologies were correlated with the formulation and preparation parameters and especially the type of lipid, the polymeric guest, and their ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.T.)
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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12
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Tseng YH, Liao CW, Lin YL, Fan YC, Chang CW, Chang CT, Chen JT. Solvent-Tailored Reversible Self-Assembly: Unveiling Ionic Transport Nanochannels in Block Copolymer Composite Electrolytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:2716-2725. [PMID: 38085978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Block copolymer composite electrolytes have gained extensive attention for their promising performance in ionic conductivity and mechanical properties, making them valuable for future technologies. The control of the ionic conductivity through the self-assembly of block copolymers, however, remains a great challenge, especially in confined environments. In this study, we prepare block copolymer composite electrolytes using polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO, SEO) as the polymer matrix and anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates as the ceramic skeleton. The self-assembly of SEO creates nanoscale ion transport pathways in the PEO regions through ionic interactions with lithium salts. The nanopores of the AAO templates provide a confined environment for complex phase separation of SEO controlled by selective solvent vapor annealing. Our findings demonstrate that transforming self-assembled SEO structures allows for precise control of ion transport pathways with cylindrical structures exhibiting 20 times higher ionic conductivities than those of helical structures. For AAO templates with pore diameters of 20 nm (SEO-LiTFSI@AAO-20), the ionic conductivities are approximately 410 times higher than those with pore diameters of 200 nm (SEO-LiTFSI@AAO-200), owing to the larger specific surface areas within the smaller nanopores. Utilizing the self-assembly of SEO not only enables the construction of vertically aligned ion transport channels on various scales but also offers a fascinating approach to tailor the conductive capabilities of composite electrolytes, enhancing the ion transport efficiency and allowing for the flexible design of block copolymer composite electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Chih-Wei Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Yu-Liang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Yi-Chun Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Chia-Wei Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Chun-Ting Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300093
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13
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Fonseca M, Jarak I, Victor F, Domingues C, Veiga F, Figueiras A. Polymersomes as the Next Attractive Generation of Drug Delivery Systems: Definition, Synthesis and Applications. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:319. [PMID: 38255485 PMCID: PMC10817611 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Polymersomes are artificial nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly process of amphiphilic block copolymers composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. They can encapsulate hydrophilic molecules in the aqueous core and hydrophobic molecules within the membrane. The composition of block copolymers can be tuned, enabling control of characteristics and properties of formed polymersomes and, thus, their application in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, or bioimaging. The preparation methods of polymersomes can also impact their characteristics and the preservation of the encapsulated drugs. Many methods have been described, including direct hydration, thin film hydration, electroporation, the pH-switch method, solvent shift method, single and double emulsion method, flash nanoprecipitation, and microfluidic synthesis. Considering polymersome structure and composition, there are several types of polymersomes including theranostic polymersomes, polymersomes decorated with targeting ligands for selective delivery, stimuli-responsive polymersomes, or porous polymersomes with multiple promising applications. Due to the shortcomings related to the stability, efficacy, and safety of some therapeutics in the human body, polymersomes as drug delivery systems have been good candidates to improve the quality of therapies against a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be improved by using polymersomes to deliver the drugs, protecting and directing them to the exact site of action. Moreover, this approach is also promising for targeted delivery of biologics since they represent a class of drugs with poor stability and high susceptibility to in vivo clearance. However, the lack of a well-defined regulatory plan for polymersome formulations has hampered their follow-up to clinical trials and subsequent market entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Fonseca
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francis Victor
- Department of Pharmacy, University Chenab Gujarat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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14
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Kim K, Nguyen D, Strong J, Dadashi-Silab S, Sun M, Dau H, Keyes A, Yin R, Harth E, Matyjaszewski K. Block Copolymers of Polyolefins with Polyacrylates: Analyzing and Improving the Blocking Efficiencies Using MILRad/ATRP Approach. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2300675. [PMID: 38163327 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite their industrial ubiquity, polyolefin-polyacrylate block copolymers are challenging to synthesize due to the distinct polymerization pathways necessary for respective blocks. This study utilizes MILRad, metal-organic insertion light-initiated radical polymerization, to synthesize polyolefin-b-poly(methyl acrylate) copolymer by combining palladium-catalyzed insertion-coordination polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Brookhart-type Pd complexes used for the living polymerization of olefins are homolytically cleaved by blue-light irradiation, generating polyolefin-based macroradicals, which are trapped with functional nitroxide derivatives forming ATRP macroinitiators. ATRP in the presence of Cu(0), that is, supplemental activators and reducing agents , is used to polymerize methyl acrylate. An increase in the functionalization efficiency of up to 71% is demonstrated in this study by modifying the light source and optimizing the radical trapping condition. Regardless of the radical trapping efficiency, essentially quantitative chain extension of polyolefin-Br macroinitiator with acrylates is consistently demonstrated, indicating successful second block formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khidong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jacobo Strong
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | | | - Mingkang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence in Polymer Chemistry (CEPC), University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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15
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Han H, Oh JW, Lee H, Lee S, Mun S, Jeon S, Kim D, Jang J, Jiang W, Kim T, Jeong B, Kim J, Ryu DY, Park C. Rewritable Photoluminescence and Structural Color Display for Dual-Responsive Optical Encryption. Adv Mater 2023:e2310130. [PMID: 38145576 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Optical encryption using coloration and photoluminescent (PL) materials can provide highly secure data protection with direct and intuitive identification of encrypted information. Encryption capable of independently controlling wavelength-tunable coloration as well as variable light intensity PL is not adequately demonstrated yet. Herein, a rewritable PL and structural color (SC) display suitable for dual-responsive optical encryption developed with a stimuli-responsive SC of a block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystal (PC) with alternating in-plane lamellae, of which a variety of 3D and 2D perovskite nanocrystals is preferentially self-assembled with characteristic PL, is presented. The SC of a BCP PC is controlled in the visible range with different perovskite precursor doping times. The perovskite nanocrystals developed in the BCP PC are highly luminescent, with a PL quantum yield of ≈33.7%, yielding environmentally stable SC and PL dual-mode displays. The independently programmed SC and PL information is erasable and rewritable. Dual-responsive optical encryption is demonstrated, in which true Morse code information is deciphered only when the information encoded by SCs is properly combined with PL information. Numerous combinations of SC and PL realize high security level of data anticounterfeiting. This dual-mode encryption display offers novel optical encryption with high information security and anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyowon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokyeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsoo Mun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbae Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Taebin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomjin Jeong
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63 beongil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
- Integrative Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Spin Convergence Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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16
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Weisbord I, Segal-Peretz T. Revealing the 3D Structure of Block Copolymers with Electron Microscopy: Current Status and Future Directions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:58003-58022. [PMID: 37338172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) are considered model systems for understanding and utilizing self-assembly in soft matter. Their tunable nanometric structure and composition enable comprehensive studies of self-assembly processes as well as make them relevant materials in diverse applications. A key step in developing and controlling BCP nanostructures is a full understanding of their three-dimensional (3D) structure and how this structure is affected by the BCP chemistry, confinement, boundary conditions, and the self-assembly evolution and dynamics. Electron microscopy (EM) is a leading method in BCP 3D characterization owing to its high resolution in imaging nanosized structures. Here we discuss the two main 3D EM methods: namely, transmission EM tomography and slice and view scanning EM tomography. We present each method's principles, examine their strengths and weaknesses, and discuss ways researchers have devised to overcome some of the challenges in BCP 3D characterization with EM- from specimen preparation to imaging radiation-sensitive materials. Importantly, we review current and new cutting-edge EM methods such as direct electron detectors, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of soft matter, high temporal rate imaging, and single-particle analysis that have great potential for expanding the BCP understanding through EM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Weisbord
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal-Peretz
- Chemical Engineering Department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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17
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McKenzie TJ, Brunet T, Kissell LN, Strobbia P, Ayres N. Polydimethylsiloxane Polymerized Emulsions for Acoustic Materials Prepared Using Reactive Triblock Copolymer Surfactants. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:58917-58930. [PMID: 38063480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Porous polymers have interesting acoustic properties including wave dampening and acoustic impedance matching and may be used in numerous acoustic applications, e.g., waveguiding or acoustic cloaking. These materials can be prepared by the inclusion of gas-filled voids, or pores, within an elastic polymer network; therefore, porous polymers that have controlled porosity values and a wide range of possible mechanical properties are needed, as these are key factors that impact the sound-dampening properties. Here, the synthesis of acoustic materials with varying porosities and mechanical properties that could be controlled independent of the pore morphology using emulsion-templated polymerizations is described. Polydimethylsiloxane-based ABA triblock copolymer surfactants were prepared using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerizations to control the emulsion template and act as an additional cross-linker in the polymerization. Acoustic materials prepared with reactive surfactants possessed a storage modulus of ∼300 kPa at a total porosity of 71% compared to materials prepared using analogous nonreactive surfactants that possessed storage modulus values of ∼150 kPa at similar porosities. These materials display very low longitudinal sound speeds of ∼35 m/s at ultrasonic frequencies, making them excellent candidates in the preparation of acoustic devices such as metasurfaces or lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker J McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Thomas Brunet
- Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie, University of Bordeaux─CNRS─Bordeaux INP, Talence 33405, France
| | - Lyndsay N Kissell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 201 Crosley Tower, 301 Clifton Ct, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Pietro Strobbia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, 201 Crosley Tower, 301 Clifton Ct, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Neil Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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18
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Pula P, Leniart AA, Krol J, Gorzkowski MT, Suster MC, Wrobel P, Lewera A, Majewski PW. Block Copolymer-Templated, Single-Step Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxide Nanostructures for Sensing Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:57970-57980. [PMID: 37644616 PMCID: PMC10739603 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of transition metal oxide nanostructures, thanks to their high surface-to-volume ratio and the resulting large fraction of surface atoms with high catalytic activity, is of prime importance for the development of new sensors and catalytic materials. Here, we report an economical, time-efficient, and easily scalable method of fabricating nanowires composed of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, and cobalt oxides by employing simultaneous block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly and selective sequestration of metal-organic acetylacetonate complexes within one of the BCP blocks. We discuss the mechanism and the primary factors that are responsible for the sequestration and conformal replication of the BCP template by the inorganic material that is obtained after the polymer template is removed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies indicate that the metal oxidation state in the nanowires produced by plasma ashing the BCP template closely matches that of the precursor complex and that their structure is amorphous, thus requiring high-temperature annealing in order to sinter them into a crystalline form. Finally, we demonstrate how the developed nanowire array fabrication scheme can be used to rapidly pattern a multilayered iron oxide nanomesh, which we then used to construct a prototype volatile organic compound sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Pula
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02093, Poland
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, University
of Warsaw, Warsaw 02089, Poland
| | | | - Julia Krol
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02093, Poland
| | - Maciej T. Gorzkowski
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, University
of Warsaw, Warsaw 02089, Poland
| | - Mihai C. Suster
- Department
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02093, Poland
| | - Piotr Wrobel
- Department
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02093, Poland
| | - Adam Lewera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02093, Poland
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19
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Prasser Q, Fuhs T, Torger B, Neubert R, Brendler E, Vogt C, Mertens F, Plamper FA. Nonequilibrium Colloids: Temperature-Induced Bouquet Formation of Flower-like Micelles as a Time-Domain-Shifting Macromolecular Heat Alert. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:57950-57959. [PMID: 37676903 PMCID: PMC10739602 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change requires enhanced autonomous temperature monitoring during logistics/transport. A cheap approach comprises the use of temperature-sensitive copolymers that undergo temperature-induced irreversible coagulation. The synthesis/characterization of pentablock copolymers (PBCP) starting from poloxamer PEO130-b-PPO44-b-PEO130 (poly(ethylene oxide)130-b-poly(propylene oxide)44-b-poly(ethylene oxide)130) and adding two terminal qPDMAEMA85 (quaternized poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]85) blocks is presented. Mixing of PBCP solutions with hexacyanoferrate(III)/ferricyanide solutions leads to a reduction of the decane/water interfacial tension accompanied by a co/self-assembly toward flower-like micelles in cold water because of the formation of an insoluble/hydrophobic qPDMAEMA/ferricyanide complex. In cold water, the PEO/PPO blocks provide colloidal stability over months. In hot water, the temperature-responsive PPO block is dehydrated, leading to a pronounced temperature dependence of the oil-water interfacial tension. In solution, the sticky PPO segments exposed at the micellar corona cause a colloidal clustering above a certain threshold temperature, which follows Smoluchowski-type kinetics. This coagulation remains for months even after cooling, indicating the presence of a kinetically trapped nonequilibrium state for at least one of the observed micellar structures. Therefore, the system memorizes a previous suffering of heat. This phenomenon is linked to an exchange of qPDMAEMA-blocks bridging the micellar cores after PPO-induced clustering. The addition of ferrous ions hampers the exchange, leading to the reversible coagulation of Prussian blue loaded micelles. Hence, the Fe2+ addition causes a shift from history monitoring to the sensing of the present temperature. Presumably, the system can be adapted for different temperatures in order to monitor transport and storage in a simple way. Hence, these polymeric "flowers" could contribute to preventing waste and sustaining the quality of goods (e.g., food) by temperature-induced bouquet formation, where an irreversible exchange of "tentacles" between the flowers stabilizes the bouquet at other temperatures as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirin Prasser
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Thomas Fuhs
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Bernhard Torger
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Richard Neubert
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Erica Brendler
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie
Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Carla Vogt
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie
Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Florian Mertens
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
- Center
for Efficient High Temperature Processes and Materials Conversion
ZeHS, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Winklerstraße 5, Freiberg 09599, Germany
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 29, Freiberg 09599, Germany
- Center
for Efficient High Temperature Processes and Materials Conversion
ZeHS, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Winklerstraße 5, Freiberg 09599, Germany
- Freiberg
Center for Water Research ZeWaF, TU Bergakademie
Freiberg, Winklerstraße 5, Freiberg 09599, Germany
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20
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Jahnke JP, Kim D, Wildemuth DJ, Nolla J, Berkow MW, Gwak H, Neyshtadt S, Segal-Peretz T, Frey GL, Chmelka BF. Mesostructured Materials with Controllable Long-Range Orientational Ordering and Anisotropic Properties. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2306800. [PMID: 37849390 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic mesophase materials provide a wide range of tunable properties, which are often highly dependent on their nano-, micro-, or meso-scale compositions and structures. Among these are macroscopic orientational order and corresponding anisotropic material properties, the adjustability of which are difficult to achieve. This is due to the complicated transient and coupled transport, chemical reaction, and surface processes that occur during material syntheses. By understanding such processes, general criteria are established and used to prepare diverse mesostructured materials with highly aligned channels with uniform nanometer dimensions and controllable directionalities over macroscopic dimensions and thicknesses. This is achieved by using a micropatterned semipermeable poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamp to manage the rates, directions, and surfaces at which self-assembling phases nucleate and the directions that they grow. This enables mesostructured surfactant-directed silica and titania composites, including with functional guest species, and mesoporous carbons to be prepared with high degrees of hexagonal order, as well as controllable orthogonal macroscopic orientational order. The resulting materials exhibit novel anisotropic properties, as demonstrated by the example of direction-dependent photocurrent generation, and are promising for enhancing the functionality of inorganic-organic nanocomposite materials in separations, catalysis, and energy conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Jahnke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Donghun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Douglas J Wildemuth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jordi Nolla
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), Carrer Jordi Girona 16-26, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
| | - Maxwell W Berkow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Hosu Gwak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shany Neyshtadt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal-Peretz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Gitti L Frey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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21
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Wang Z, Liu Q, Liu Q, Qi H, Li Y, Song DP. Self-Assembly and In Situ Quaternization of Triblock Bottlebrush Block Copolymers via Organized Spontaneous Emulsification for Effective Loading of DNA. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300192. [PMID: 37194368 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microspheres bearing large pores are useful in the capture and separation of biomolecules. However, pore size is typically poorly controlled, leading to disordered porous structures with limited performances. Herein, ordered porous spheres with a layer of cations on the internal surface of the nanopores are facilely fabricated in a single step for effective loading of DNA bearing negative charges. Triblock bottlebrush copolymers (BBCPs), (polynorbornene-g-polystyrene)-b-(polynorbornene-g-polyethylene oxide)-b-(polynorbornene-g-bromoethane) (PNPS-b-PNPEO-b-PNBr), are designed and synthesized for fabrication of the positively charged porous spheres through self-assembly and in situ quaternization during an organized spontaneous emulsification (OSE) process. Pore diameter as well as charge density increase with the increase of PNBr content, resulting in a significant increase of loading density from 4.79 to 22.5 ng µg-1 within the spheres. This work provides a general strategy for efficient loading and encapsulation of DNA, which may be extended to a variety of different areas for different real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qiujun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hao Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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22
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Zhai L, Chai S, Li T, Li H, He S, He H, Li X, Wu L, Jiang F, Li H. Self-Assembled Construction of Ion-Selective Nanobarriers in Electrolyte Membranes for Redox Flow Batteries. Nano Lett 2023; 23:10414-10422. [PMID: 37930644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Ion-conducting membranes (ICMs) with high selectivity are important components in redox flow batteries. However it is still a challenge to break the trade-off between ion conductivity and ion selectivity, which can be resolved by the regulation of their nanostructures. Here, polyoxometalate (POM)-hybridized block copolymers (BCPs) are used as self-assembled additives to construct proton-selective nanobarriers in the ICM matrix to improve the microscopic structures and macroscopic properties of ICMs. Benefiting from the co-assembly behavior of BCPs and POMs and their cooperative noncovalent interactions with the polymer matrix, ∼50 nm ellipsoidal functional nanoassemblies with hydrophobic vanadium-shielding cores and hydrophilic proton-conducting shells are constructed in the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) matrix, which leads to an overall enhancement of proton conductivity, proton selectivity, and cell performance. These results present a self-assembly route to construct functional nanostructures for the modification of polymer electrolyte membranes toward emerging energy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Shengchao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Haibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Siqi He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Haibo He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Fengjing Jiang
- CIC energiGUNE, Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Miñano, Álava, Spain
| | - Haolong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
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23
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Chen P, Dorfman KD. Gaming self-consistent field theory: Generative block polymer phase discovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308698120. [PMID: 37922326 PMCID: PMC10636330 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308698120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Block polymers are an attractive platform for uncovering the factors that give rise to self-assembly in soft matter owing to their relatively simple thermodynamic description, as captured in self-consistent field theory (SCFT). SCFT historically has found great success explaining experimental data, allowing one to construct phase diagrams from a set of candidate phases, and there is now strong interest in deploying SCFT as a screening tool to guide experimental design. However, using SCFT for phase discovery leads to a conundrum: How does one discover a new morphology if the set of candidate phases needs to be specified in advance? This long-standing challenge was surmounted by training a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (GAN) with trajectories from converged SCFT solutions, and then deploying the GAN to generate input fields for subsequent SCFT calculations. The power of this approach is demonstrated for network phase formation in neat diblock copolymer melts via SCFT. A training set of only five networks produced 349 candidate phases spanning known and previously unexplored morphologies, including a chiral network. This computational pipeline, constructed here entirely from open-source codes, should find widespread application in block polymer phase discovery and other forms of soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Kevin D. Dorfman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN55455
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24
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Binkhathlan Z, Ali R, Alomrani AH, Abul Kalam M, Alshamsan A, Lavasanifar A. Role of Polymeric Micelles in Ocular Drug Delivery: An Overview of Decades of Research. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5359-5382. [PMID: 37769017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Local drug delivery to the eye through conventional means has faced many challenges due to three essential barriers: (a) the complex structure of the cornea limiting drug absorption, (b) the capacity of ocular absorptive cells in drug metabolism, and (c) the washing effect of eye tears. Polymeric micelles (PMs) have been the focus of much interest for ocular drug delivery due to several advantages they provide for this application, including the capacity for the solubilization of hydrophobic drugs, nonirritability, nanoscopic diameter, and the clarity of their aqueous solution not interfering with vision. The potential to increase the release and residence time of incorporated medication at the site of absorption is also a bonus advantage for these delivery systems. This Review covers research conducted on single or mixed micelles prepared from small amphiphilic molecules, copolymers (diblock, triblock, and graft), and gel systems containing micelles. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the status of micellar ocular delivery systems for different indications, with a focus on preclinical and clinical drug development. In this context, we are discussing the anatomy of the eye, various ocular barriers, different micellar formulations, and their benefits in ocular drug delivery, as well as the role of PMs in the management of ocular diseases both in preclinical models and in clinic. The encouraging preclinical effectiveness findings from experiments conducted in both laboratory settings and live animals have paved the way for the advancement of micellar systems in clinical trials for ocular administration and the first nanomicallar formulation approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration (marketed as Cequa by Sun Pharmaceuticals).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad Binkhathlan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raisuddin Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Alomrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Abul Kalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
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25
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Belluati A, Harley I, Lieberwirth I, Bruns N. An Outer Membrane-Inspired Polymer Coating Protects and Endows Escherichia coli with Novel Functionalities. Small 2023; 19:e2303384. [PMID: 37452438 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A bio-inspired membrane made of Pluronic L-121 is produced around Escherichia coli thanks to the simple co-extrusion of bacteria and polymer vesicles. The block copolymer-coated bacteria can withstand various harsh shocks, for example, temperature, pressure, osmolarity, and chemical agents. The polymer membrane also makes the bacteria resistant to enzymatic digestion and enables them to degrade toxic compounds, improving their performance as whole-cell biocatalysts. Moreover, the polymer membrane acts as an anchor layer for the surface modification of the bacteria. Being decorated with α-amylase or lysozyme, the cells are endowed with the ability to digest starch or self-predatory bacteria are created. Thus, without any genetic engineering, the phenotype of encapsulated bacteria is changed as they become sturdier and gain novel metabolic functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Belluati
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Iain Harley
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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26
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Davletbaeva IM, Li ED, Faizulina ZZ, Sazonov OO, Mikhailov OV, Safiullin KR, Davletbaev RS. Microporous Block Copolymers Modified with Cu(II)-Coordinated Polyethylene Oxide-Substituted Silicas for Analytical Sensors. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6810. [PMID: 37895791 PMCID: PMC10608287 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The influence of stable-to-self-condensation Cu(II)-coordinated polyoxyethylene-substituted silicas (ASiP-Cu-0.5) on the synthesis of microporous block copolymers (OBCs) whose structural feature is the existence of coplanar polyisocyanate blocks of acetal nature (O-polyisocyanates) and a flexible-chain component of amphiphilic nature was studied. The use of ASiP-Cu-0.5 increased the yield of O-polyisocyanate blocks and the microphase separation of OBC. The resulting OBCs turned out to be effective sorbents for the analytical reagents PAN and PHENAZO, which, being in the micropore cavity, interacted with copper(II) and magnesium ions. To reduce the thickness of the selective OBC layer ten-fold and simplify the technology for obtaining analytical test systems, polyethylene terephthalate was used as a substrate for applying OBC. It was found that the increased sensitivity of the resulting test systems was due to the fact that in thin reaction layers, the efficiency of the formation of O-polyisocyanate blocks noticeably increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilsiya M. Davletbaeva
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Ekaterina D. Li
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Zulfiya Z. Faizulina
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Oleg O. Sazonov
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Oleg V. Mikhailov
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Karim R. Safiullin
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx str., 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia; (E.D.L.); (Z.Z.F.); (O.O.S.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Ruslan S. Davletbaev
- Material Science and Technology of Materials Department, Kazan State Power Engineering University, Krasnoselskaya str., 51, 420066 Kazan, Russia;
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27
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Panteli M, Mantzara D, Katara A, Choinopoulos I, Pitsikalis M. Synthesis and Characterization of Statistical and Block Copolymers of n-Hexyl Isocyanate and 3-(Triethoxysilyl) Propyl Isocyanate via Coordination Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4113. [PMID: 37896356 PMCID: PMC10610266 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-defined statistical copolymers of n-hexyl isocyanate, HIC, and 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate, TESPI, were synthesized via coordination polymerization mechanism, employing a chiral half-titanocene complex as initiator. The monomer reactivity ratios of the statistical copolymers were calculated using linear graphical methods and the computer program COPOINT in the frame of the terminal model. The molecular and structural characteristics of the copolymers were also calculated. The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of the statistical copolymers was studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA, and Differential Thermogravimetry, DTG, and the activation energy of this process was calculated employing several theoretical models. In addition, block copolymers constituted from PHIC and PTESPI blocks were synthesized by sequential coordination polymerization. All samples were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR, spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography, SEC. The thermal stability of the blocks was also studied by TGA and DTG and compared to the corresponding statistical copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ioannis Choinopoulos
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.P.); (D.M.); (A.K.)
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28
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Jafari VF, Mossayebi Z, Allison-Logan S, Shabani S, Qiao GG. The Power of Automation in Polymer Chemistry: Precision Synthesis of Multi block Copolymers with Block Sequence Control. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301767. [PMID: 37401148 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Machines can revolutionize the field of chemistry and material science, driving the development of new chemistries, increasing productivity, and facilitating reaction scale up. The incorporation of automated systems in the field of polymer chemistry has however proven challenging owing to the demanding reaction conditions, rendering the automation setup complex and costly. There is an imminent need for an automation platform which uses fast and simple polymerization protocols, while providing a high level of control on the structure of macromolecules via precision synthesis. This work combines an oxygen tolerant, room temperature polymerization method with a simple liquid handling robot to automatically prepare precise and high order multiblock copolymers with unprecedented livingness even after many chain extensions. The highest number of blocks synthesized in such a system is reported, demonstrating the capabilities of this automated platform for the rapid synthesis and complex polymer structure formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianna F Jafari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zahra Mossayebi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Stephanie Allison-Logan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sadegh Shabani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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29
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Kamenova K, Radeva L, Konstantinov S, Petrov PD, Yoncheva K. Copolymeric Micelles of Poly(ε-caprolactone) and Poly(methacrylic acid) as Carriers for the Oral Delivery of Resveratrol. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3769. [PMID: 37765623 PMCID: PMC10537763 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the development of a micellar system based on a poly(methacrylic acid)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) triblock copolymer (PMAA16-b-PCL35-b-PMAA16) for the oral delivery of resveratrol. The micellar nanocarriers were designed to comprise a PCL core for solubilizing the poorly water-soluble drug and a hydrated PMAA corona with bioadhesive properties for providing better contact with the gastrointestinal mucosa. The micelles were first formed in an aqueous media via the solvent evaporation method and then loaded with resveratrol (72% encapsulation efficiency). Studies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering (DLS and PALS) revealed a spherical shape, nanoscopic size (100 nm) and a negative surface charge (-30 mV) of the nanocarriers. Loading of the drug slightly decreased the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) and increased the ƺ-potential of micelles. In vitro dissolution tests showed that 80% and 100% of resveratrol were released in 24 h in buffers with pH 1.2 and 6.8, respectively, whereas for the same time, not more than 10% of pure resveratrol was dissolved. A heat-induced albumin denaturation assay demonstrated the advantage of the aqueous micellar formulation of resveratrol, which possessed anti-inflammatory potential as high as that of the pure drug. Further, the micellar resveratrol (5 µM) exerted a strong protective effect and maintained viability of mucosa epithelial HT-29 cells in a co-cultural model, representing the production of inflammatory cytokines. For comparison, the pure resveratrol at the same concentration did not protect the damaged HT-29 cells at all. Thus, the present study revealed that the PMAA-b-PCL-b-PMAA copolymeric micelles might be considered appropriate nanocarriers for the oral delivery of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Kamenova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Lyubomira Radeva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Petar D. Petrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Krassimira Yoncheva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.R.); (S.K.)
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Pommella A, Griffiths P, Coativy G, Dalmas F, Ranoo S, Schmidt AM, Méchin F, Bernard J, Zinn T, Narayanan T, Meille S, Baeza GP. Fate of Magnetic Nanoparticles during Stimulated Healing of Thermoplastic Elastomers. ACS Nano 2023; 17:17394-17404. [PMID: 37578990 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the heating mechanism in industrially relevant, multi-block copolymers filled with Fe nanoparticles and subjected to an oscillatory magnetic field that enables polymer healing in a contactless manner. While this procedure aims to extend the lifetime of a wide range of thermoplastic polymers, repeated or prolonged stimulus healing is likely to modify their structure, mechanics, and ability to heat, which must therefore be characterized in depth. In particular, our work sheds light on the physical origin of the secondary heating mechanism detected in soft systems subjected to magnetic hyperthermia and triggered by copolymer chain dissociation. In spite of earlier observations, the origin of this additional heating remained unclear. By using both static and dynamic X-ray scattering methods (small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, respectively), we demonstrate that beyond magnetic hysteresis losses, the enormous drop of viscosity at the polymer melting temperature enables motion of nanoparticles that generates additional heat through friction. Additionally, we show that applying induction heating for a few minutes is found to magnetize the nanoparticles, which causes them to align in dipolar chains and leads to nonmonotonic translational dynamics. By extrapolating these observations to rotational dynamics and the corresponding amount of heat generated through friction, we not only clarify the origin of the secondary heating mechanism but also rationalize the presence of a possible temperature maximum observed during induction heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pommella
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne 69621, France
| | - Pablo Griffiths
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne 69621, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LGEF, EA682, Villeurbanne 69621, France
| | - Gildas Coativy
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LGEF, EA682, Villeurbanne 69621, France
| | - Florent Dalmas
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne 69621, France
| | - Surojit Ranoo
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne 50939, Germany
| | - Annette M Schmidt
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne 50939, Germany
| | - Françoise Méchin
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne Cédex F-69621, France
| | - Julien Bernard
- Université de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Jean Monnet, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne Cédex F-69621, France
| | - Thomas Zinn
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Theyencheri Narayanan
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sylvain Meille
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne 69621, France
| | - Guilhem P Baeza
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR 5510, Villeurbanne 69621, France
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Shi X, Yao Y, Zhang J, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Polymerization Induced Microphase Separation of ABC Tri block Copolymers for 3D Printing Nanostructured Materials. Small 2023:e2305268. [PMID: 37661582 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced microphase separation (PIMS) is a versatile technique for producing nanostructured materials. In previous PIMS studies, the predominant approach involved employing homopolymers as macromolecular chain transfer agents (macroCTAs) to mediate the formation of nanostructured materials. In this article, the use of AB diblock copolymers as macroCTAs to design PIMS systems for 3D printing of nanostructured materials is investigated. Specifically, the influence of diblock copolymer composition and block sequence on the resulting nanostructures, and their subsequent impact on bulk properties is systematically investigated. Through careful manipulation of the A/B block ratios, the morphology and size of the nanodomains are successfully controlled. Remarkably, the sequence of A and B blocks significantly affects the microphase separation process, resulting in distinct morphologies. The effect can be attributed to changes in the interaction parameters (χAB , χBC , χAC ) between the different block segments. Furthermore, the block sequence and composition exert profound influence on the thermomechanical, tensile, and swelling properties of 3D printed nanostructured materials. By leveraging this knowledge, it becomes possible to design advanced 3D printable materials with tailored properties, opening new avenues for material engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Shi
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yin Yao
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Mandal A, Pal S, Kilbinger AFM. Controlled Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of a New Monomer: On Switching the Solvent-Water-Soluble Homopolymers to Degradable Copolymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300218. [PMID: 37435988 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
A new heterocyclic monomer is developed via simple Diels-Alder reaction which is reluctant to polymerize in dichloromethane (DCM) whereas undergoes facile polymerization in tetrahydrofuran with excellent control over molecular weight (Mn ) and dispersities (Đ) using Grubbs' third generation catalyst (G3). The deprotection of the tert-butoxycarbonyl group from the polymeric backbone yielded a water-soluble ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) polymer easily. Moreover, in DCM this new monomer copolymerizes with 2,3-dihydrofuran under catalytic living ROMP conditions to give backbone degradable polymers. All the synthesized polymers are characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is believed that this new route to water soluble ROMP homopolymers as well as the cost-effective and environmentally friendly route to degradable copolymers and block-copolymers could find applications in biomedicine in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Subhajit Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
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Reitemeier J, Baek S, Bohn PW. Hydrophobic Gating and Spatial Confinement in Hierarchically Organized Block Copolymer-Nanopore Electrode Arrays for Electrochemical Biosensing of 4-Ethyl Phenol. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:39707-39715. [PMID: 37579252 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic gating in biological transport proteins is regulated by stimulus-specific switching between filled and empty nanocavities, endowing them with selective mass transport capabilities. Inspired by these, solid-state nanochannels have been integrated into functional materials for a broad range of applications, such as energy conversion, filtration, and nanoelectronics, and here we extend these to electrochemical biosensors coupled to mass transport control elements. Specifically, we report hierarchically organized structures with block copolymers on tyrosinase-modified two-electrode nanopore electrode arrays (BCP@NEAs) as stimulus-controlled electrochemical biosensors for alkylphenols. A polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinyl)pyridine (PS-b-P4VP) membrane placed atop the NEA endows the system with potential-responsive gating properties, where water transport is spatially and temporarily gated through hydrophobic P4VP nanochannels by the application of appropriate potentials. The reversibility of hydrophobic voltage-gating makes it possible to capture and confine analyte species in the attoliter-volume vestibule of cylindrical nanopore electrodes, enabling redox cycling and yielding enhanced currents with amplification factors >100× when operated in a generator-collector mode. The enzyme-coupled sensing capabilities are demonstrated using nonelectroactive 4-ethyl phenol, exploiting the tyrosinase-catalyzed turnover into reversibly redox-active quinones, then using the quinone-catechol redox reaction to achieve ultrasensitive cycling currents in confined BCP@NEA sensors giving a limit-of-detection of ∼120 nM. The mass transport controlled sensing platform described here is relevant to the development of enzyme-coupled multiplex biosensors for sensitive and selective detection of biomarkers and metabolites in next-generation point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Reitemeier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Seol Baek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Abstract
Cubosomes and hexosomes are recent solution morphologies with an ordered porous structure and are observed for lipids and amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) with high hydrophobic fractions. Whereas lipid hexosomes typically exhibit a prismatic shape, BCP hexosomes have so far only been observed as closed microspheres where inner channels are not connected to the surrounding medium. Here, we describe the formation of flat, prismatic BCP hexosomes with pronounced faceting and a highly ordered lattice of hexagonally packed channels. We assemble polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP or SV) into the hexosome framework using polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PS-b-P4VP-b-PT or SVT) as a macromolecular surfactant in low-χ solvents. During solvent exchange, SV-rich domains form through liquid-liquid phase separation, followed by solidification and confined assembly within these domains. Since the final solvent (acetone) has a very low χ parameter toward PS and P4VP (equaling low interfacial tension), solidification of the hexosome occurs under confinement conditions that we term "supersoft". The low interfacial tension allows the stabilization of the hexagonal-prismatic shape, which originates from the hexagonal lattice of channels. Increasing the interfacial tension with polar cosolvents at some point dominates the particle shape, resulting in deformation of prismatic BCP hexosomes into spinning-top structures. The use of low-χ solvents for confined assembly of BCPs may allow the formation of unusual particle shapes simply by tuning the polymer-solvent interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- André H Gröschel
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Polymer Materials for Energy Storage (PES), Bavarian Centre for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tina Gröschel
- Evonik Industries AG, High-Performance Polymers, Paul-Baumann-Straße 1, 45772 Marl, Germany
| | - Suna Azhdari
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marcel Schumacher
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hui Chen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Li Z, Zheng Y, Yan J, Yan Y, Peng C, Wang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Ding M. Self-Assembly of Poly(Amino Acid)s Mediated by Secondary Conformations. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300132. [PMID: 37340829 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of block copolymers has recently drawn great attention due to its remarkable performance and wide variety of applications in biomedicine, biomaterials, microelectronics, photoelectric materials, catalysts, etc. Poly(amino acid)s (PAAs), formed by introducing synthetic amino acids into copolymer backbones, are able to fold into different secondary conformations when compared with traditional amphiphilic copolymers. Apart from changing the chemical composition and degree of polymerization of copolymers, the self-assembly behaviors of PAAs could be controlled by their secondary conformations, which are more flexible and adjustable for fine structure tailoring. In this article, we summarize the latest findings on the variables that influence secondary conformations, in particular the regulation of order-to-order conformational changes and the approaches used to manage the self-assembly behaviors of PAAs. These strategies include controlling pH, redox reactions, coordination, light, temperature, and so on. Hopefully, we can provide valuable perspectives that will be useful for the future development and use of synthetic PAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jingyue Yan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yue Yan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zuojie Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yeqiang Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mingming Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Hartmann F, Bitsch M, Niebuur BJ, Koch M, Kraus T, Dietz C, Stark RW, Everett CR, Müller-Buschbaum P, Janka O, Gallei M. Self-Assembly of Polymer-Modified FePt Magnetic Nanoparticles and Block Copolymers. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5503. [PMID: 37629794 PMCID: PMC10455748 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of nanocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles is gaining interest as a model for application in small electronic devices. The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) makes these materials ideal for use as a soft matrix to support the structural ordering of the nanoparticles. In this work, a high-molecular-weight polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymer (PS-b-PMMA) was synthesized through anionic polymerization. The influence of the addition of different ratios of PMMA-coated FePt nanoparticles (NPs) on the self-assembled morphology was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The self-assembly of the NPs inside the PMMA phase at low particle concentrations was analyzed statistically, and the negative effect of higher particle ratios on the lamellar BCP morphology became visible. The placement of the NPs inside the PMMA phase was also compared to theoretical descriptions. The magnetic addressability of the FePt nanoparticles inside the nanocomposite films was finally analyzed using bimodal magnetic force microscopy and proved the magnetic nature of the nanoparticles inside the microphase-separated BCP films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hartmann
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bitsch
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Dietz
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.D.); (R.W.S.)
| | - Robert W. Stark
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.D.); (R.W.S.)
| | - Christopher R. Everett
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.R.E.); (P.M.-B.)
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.R.E.); (P.M.-B.)
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Janka
- Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
| | - Markus Gallei
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Wang Z, Li R, Zhang Y, Chan CLC, Haataja JS, Yu K, Parker RM, Vignolini S. Tuning the Color of Photonic Glass Pigments by Thermal Annealing. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2207923. [PMID: 36482805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermal or solvent annealing is commonly employed to enhance phase separation and remove defects in block copolymer (BCP) films, leading to well-resolved nanostructures. Annealing is of particular importance for photonic BCP materials, where large, well-ordered lamellar domains are required to generate strong reflections at visible wavelengths. However, such strategies have not been considered for porous BCP systems, such as inverse photonic glasses, where the structure (and thus the optical response) is no longer defined solely by the chemical compatibility of the blocks, but by the size and arrangement of voids within the BCP matrix. In this study, a demonstration of how the concept of "thermal annealing" can be applied to bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP) microparticles with a photonic glass architecture is presented, enabling their coloration to be tuned from blue to red. By comparing biocompatible BBCPs with similar composition, but different thermal behavior, it is shown that this process is driven by both a temperature-induced softening of the BBCP matrix (i.e., polymer mobility) and the absence of microphase separation (enabling diffusion-induced swelling of the pores). Last, this concept is applied toward the production of a thermochromic patterned hydrogel, exemplifying the potential of such responsive biocompatible photonic-glass pigments toward smart labeling or anticounterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Ruiting Li
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Yating Zhang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Chun Lam Clement Chan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Johannes S Haataja
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Kui Yu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Richard M Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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38
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Coats JP, Cochereau R, Dinu IA, Messmer D, Sciortino F, Palivan CG. Trends in the Synthesis of Polymer Nano- and Microscale Materials for Bio-Related Applications. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200474. [PMID: 36949011 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nano- and microscale materials bear significant potential in manifold applications related to biomedicine. This is owed not only to the large chemical diversity of the constituent polymers, but also to the various morphologies these materials can achieve, ranging from simple particles to intricate self-assembled structures. Modern synthetic polymer chemistry permits the tuning of many physicochemical parameters affecting the behavior of polymeric nano- and microscale materials in the biological context. In this Perspective, an overview of the synthetic principles underlying the modern preparation of these materials is provided, aiming to demonstrate how advances in and ingenious implementations of polymer chemistry fuel a range of applications, both present and prospective.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Peter Coats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Cochereau
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Messmer
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Sciortino
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- National Centre for Competence in Research - Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, Klingelbergstrasse 82, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
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Mai J, Pratt S, Laycock B, Chan CM. Synthesis and Characterisation of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate)- b-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Multi- Block Copolymers Produced Using Diisocyanate Chemistry. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3257. [PMID: 37571152 PMCID: PMC10422281 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterially derived polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive alternatives to commodity petroleum-derived plastics. The most common forms of the short chain length (scl-) PHAs, including poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), are currently limited in application because they are relatively stiff and brittle. The synthesis of PHA-b-PHA block copolymers could enhance the physical properties of PHAs. Therefore, this work explores the synthesis of PHBV-b-PHBV using relatively high molecular weight hydroxy-functionalised PHBV starting materials, coupled using facile diisocyanate chemistry, delivering industrially relevant high-molecular-weight block copolymeric products. A two-step synthesis approach was compared with a one-step approach, both of which resulted in successful block copolymer production. However, the two-step synthesis was shown to be less effective in building molecular weight. Both synthetic approaches were affected by additional isocyanate reactions resulting in the formation of by-products such as allophanate and likely biuret groups, which delivered partial cross-linking and higher molecular weights in the resulting multi-block products, identified for the first time as likely and significant by-products in such reactions, affecting the product performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bronwyn Laycock
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Clement Matthew Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.M.); (S.P.)
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40
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Davletbaeva IM, Faizulina ZZ, Li ED, Sazonov OO, Efimov SV, Klochkov VV, Arkhipov AV, Davletbaev RS. Silicas with Polyoxyethylene Branches for Modification of Membranes Based on Microporous Block Copolymers. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:642. [PMID: 37505008 PMCID: PMC10383942 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized cubic and linear polysiloxanes containing polyoxyethylene branches (ASiP-Cu) using tetraethoxysilane, polyoxyethylene glycol, and copper chloride as precursors; the products are stable to self-condensation. The effect of copper chloride content on the chemical structure of ASiP-Cu has been established. A special study was aimed at defining the modifying effect of ASiP-Cu on the sorption characteristics of membranes based on microporous, optically transparent block copolymers (OBCs). These OBCs were produced using 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and block copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxides. The study demonstrated significantly increased sorption capacity of the modified polymers. On the basis of the modified microporous block copolymers and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) analytical reagent, an analytical test system has been developed. Additionally, the modified OBCs have the benefit of high diffusion permeability for molecules of organic dyes and metal ions. It has been shown that the volume of voids and structural features of their internal cavities contribute to the complex formation reaction involving PAN and copper chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilsiya M Davletbaeva
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx Str., 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Zulfiya Z Faizulina
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx Str., 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina D Li
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx Str., 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg O Sazonov
- Technology of Synthetic Rubber Department, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68 Karl Marx Str., 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Sergey V Efimov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Klochkov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander V Arkhipov
- Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya St., 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ruslan S Davletbaev
- Material Science and Technology of Materials Department, Kazan State Power Engineering University, 51 Krasnoselskaya Str., 420066 Kazan, Russia
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41
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Koda Y, Nagasaki Y. Newly Designed Cysteine-Based Self-Assembling Prodrugs for Sepsis Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1775. [PMID: 37376222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential signaling molecules that maintain intracellular redox balance; however, the overproduction of ROS often causes dysfunction in redox homeostasis and induces serious diseases. Antioxidants are crucial candidates for reducing overproduced ROS; however, most antioxidants are less effective than anticipated. Therefore, we designed new polymer-based antioxidants based on the natural amino acid, cysteine (Cys). Amphiphilic block copolymers, composed of a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segment and a hydrophobic poly(cysteine) (PCys) segment, were synthesized. In the PCys segment, the free thiol groups in the side chain were protected by thioester moiety. The obtained block copolymers formed self-assembling nanoparticles (NanoCys(Bu)) in water, and the hydrodynamic diameter was 40-160 nm, as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. NanoCys(Bu) was stable from pH 2 to 8 under aqueous conditions, as confirmed by the hydrodynamic diameter of NanoCys(Bu). Finally, NanoCys(Bu) was applied to sepsis treatment to investigate the potential of NanoCys(Bu). NanoCys(Bu) was supplied to BALB/cA mice by free drinking for two days, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected into the mice to prepare a sepsis shock model (LPS = 5 mg per kg body weight (BW)). Compared with the Cys and no-treatment groups, NanoCys(Bu) prolonged the half-life by five to six hours. NanoCys(Bu), designed in this study, shows promise as a candidate for enhancing antioxidative efficacy and mitigating the adverse effect of cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Koda
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- School of Medical Sciences, School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
- Center for Research in Radiation, Isotope and Earth System Sciences (CRiES), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
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42
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Santulli F, Grimaldi I, Pappalardo D, Lamberti M, Mazzeo M. Salen-like Chromium and Aluminum Complexes as Catalysts in the Copolymerization of Epoxides with Cyclic Anhydrides for the Synthesis of Polyesters. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10052. [PMID: 37373200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium and aluminum complexes bearing salalen ligands were explored as catalysts for the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of succinic (SA), maleic (MA), and phthalic (PA) anhydrides with several epoxides: cyclohexene oxide (CHO), propylene oxide (PO), and limonene oxide (LO). Their behavior was compared with that of traditional salen chromium complexes. A completely alternating enchainment of monomers to provide pure polyesters was achieved with all the catalysts when used in combination with 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) as the cocatalyst. Poly(propylene maleate-block-polyglycolide), a diblock polyester with a precise composition, was obtained by switch catalysis, in which the same catalyst was able to combine the ROCOP of propylene oxide and maleic anhydride with the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of glycolide (GA) through a one-pot procedure, starting from an initial mixture of the three different monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Santulli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Grimaldi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Daniela Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università del Sannio, Via de Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Marina Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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43
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Seneviratne R, Coates G, Xu Z, Cornell CE, Thompson RF, Sadeghpour A, Maskell DP, Jeuken LJC, Rappolt M, Beales PA. High Resolution Membrane Structures within Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Vesicles Revealed by Combining X-Ray Scattering and Electron Microscopy. Small 2023; 19:e2206267. [PMID: 36866488 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid vesicles consisting of phospholipids and block-copolymers are increasingly finding applications in science and technology. Herein, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) are used to obtain detailed structural information about hybrid vesicles with different ratios of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and poly(1,2-butadiene-block-ethylene oxide) (PBd22 -PEO14 , Ms = 1800 g mol-1 ). Using single particle analysis (SPA) the authors are able to further interpret the information gained from SAXS and cryo-ET experiments, showing that increasing PBd22 -PEO14 mole fraction increases the membrane thickness from 52 Å for a pure lipid system to 97 Å for pure PBd22 -PEO14 vesicles. Two vesicle populations with different membrane thicknesses in hybrid vesicle samples are found. As these lipids and polymers are reported to homogeneously mix, bistability is inferred between weak and strong interdigitation regimes of PBd22 -PEO14 within the hybrid membranes. It is hypothesized that membranes of intermediate structure are not energetically favorable. Therefore, each vesicle exists in one of these two membrane structures, which are assumed to have comparable free energies. The authors conclude that, by combining biophysical methods, accurate determination of the influence of composition on the structural properties of hybrid membranes is achieved, revealing that two distinct membranes structures can coexist in homogeneously mixed lipid-polymer hybrid vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Seneviratne
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Georgina Coates
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Zexi Xu
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Caitlin E Cornell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Rebecca F Thompson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amin Sadeghpour
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Daniel P Maskell
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PC Box 9502, Leiden, 2300 RA, Netherlands
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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44
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de Sousa RR, Heinze DA, Sacramento JB, Lanfredi AJC, Carastan DJ. Electrical Conductivity and In Situ SAXS Probing of Block Copolymer Nanocomposites Under Mechanical Stretching. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37235644 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Elastomers based on block copolymers can self-organize into ordered nanoscale structures, making them attractive for use as flexible conductive nanocomposites. Understanding how ordered structures impact electrical properties is essential for practical applications. This study investigated the morphological evolution of flexible conductive elastomers based on polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-polystyrene (SEBS) block copolymers with aligned single- or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs or MWCNTs) and their electrical conductivity under large deformations. Oriented nanocomposites were obtained through injection molding and characterized using two different setups: tensile testing monitored by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and tensile testing with simultaneous electrical conductivity measurements. Our findings demonstrate that structural orientation significantly influences electrical conductivity, with higher conductivity in the longitudinal direction due to the preferred orientation of carbon nanotubes. Tensile testing demonstrated that carbon nanotubes accelerate the process of realignment of the ordered structure. As a consequence, higher deformations reduced the conductivity of samples with longitudinal alignment due to the disruption of percolation contacts between nanotubes, while in samples with a transverse alignment the process promoted the formation of a new conductive network, increasing electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogerio R de Sousa
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Heinze
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Joana B Sacramento
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Alexandre J C Lanfredi
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Danilo J Carastan
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. Dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
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45
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Akkineni S, Doerk GS, Shi C, Jin B, Zhang S, Habelitz S, De Yoreo JJ. Biomimetic Mineral Synthesis by Nanopatterned Supramolecular-Block Copolymer Templates. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4290-4297. [PMID: 37141413 PMCID: PMC10215289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular structures of matrix proteins in mineralizing tissues are known to direct the crystallization of inorganic materials. Here we demonstrate how such structures can be synthetically directed into predetermined patterns for which functionality is maintained. The study employs block copolymer lamellar patterns with alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions to direct the assembly of amelogenin-derived peptide nanoribbons that template calcium phosphate nucleation by creating a low-energy interface. Results show that the patterned nanoribbons retain their β-sheet structure and function and direct the formation of filamentous and plate-shaped calcium phosphate with high fidelity, where the phase, amorphous or crystalline, depends on the choice of mineral precursor and the fidelity depends on peptide sequence. The common ability of supramolecular systems to assemble on surfaces with appropriate chemistry combined with the tendency of many templates to mineralize multiple inorganic materials implies this approach defines a general platform for bottom-up-patterning of hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susrut Akkineni
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Physical
Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gregory S Doerk
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, 735 Brookhaven Avenue, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Chenyang Shi
- Physical
Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Biao Jin
- Physical
Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Physical
Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Stefan Habelitz
- Department
of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Physical
Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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46
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Kuznetsova EV, Sedush NG, Puchkova YA, Aleshin SV, Yastremsky EV, Nazarov AA, Chvalun SN. Highly Stable Docetaxel-Loaded Nanoparticles Based on Poly(D,L-lactide)- b-Poly(ethylene glycol) for Cancer Treatment: Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102296. [PMID: 37242871 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stability and narrow size distribution are among the main requirements that apply to drug formulations based on polymeric nanoparticles. In this study, we obtained a series of particles based on biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113) copolymers with varied hydrophobic P(D,L)LA block length n from 50 to 1230 monomer units stabilized by poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by a simple "oil-in-water" emulsion method. We found that nanoparticles of P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113 copolymers with relatively short P(D,L)LA block (n ≤ 180) are prone to aggregate in water. P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113 copolymers with n ≥ 680 can form spherical unimodal particles with values of hydrodynamic diameter less than 250 nm and polydispersity less than 0.2. The aggregation behavior of P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113 particles was elucidated in terms of tethering density and conformation of PEG chains at the P(D,L)LA core. Docetaxel (DTX) loaded nanoparticles based on P(D,L)LA680-b-PEG113 and P(D,L)LA1230-b-PEG113 copolymers were formulated and studied. It was observed that DTX-loaded P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113 (n = 680, 1230) particles are characterized by high thermodynamic and kinetic stability in aqueous medium. The cumulative release of DTX from the P(D,L)LAn-b-PEG113 (n = 680, 1230) particles is sustained. An increase in P(D,L)LA block length results in a decrease in DTX release rate. The in vitro antiproliferative activity and selectivity studies revealed that DTX-loaded P(D,L)LA1230-b-PEG113 nanoparticles demonstrate better anticancer performance than free DTX. Favorable freeze-drying conditions for DTX nanoformulation based on P(D,L)LA1230-b-PEG113 particles were also established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikita G Sedush
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia
| | - Yulia A Puchkova
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Sergei V Aleshin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Yastremsky
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Science Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - Alexey A Nazarov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sergei N Chvalun
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117393, Russia
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47
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Roka N, Pitsikalis M. Synthesis and Micellization Behavior of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers of Poly(N-vinyl Pyrrolidone) and Poly(Benzyl Methacrylate): Block versus Statistical Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092225. [PMID: 37177372 PMCID: PMC10181249 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) and benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), PNVP-b-PBzMA, were prepared by RAFT polymerization techniques and sequential addition of monomers. The copolymers were characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and NMR spectroscopy. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermogravimetry (DTG) were employed to study the thermal properties of these copolymers. The micellization behavior in THF, which is a selective solvent for the PBzMA blocks, was examined. For comparison the self-assembly properties of the corresponding statistical copolymers, PNVP-stat-PBzMA, were studied. In addition, the association behavior in aqueous solutions was analyzed for the block copolymers, PNVP-b-PBzMA. In this case, the solvent is selective for the PNVP blocks. Dilute solution viscometry, static (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed as the tools to investigate the micellar assemblies. The efficient encapsulation of the hydrophobic curcumin within the micellar core of the supramolecular structures in aqueous solutions was demonstrated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and DLS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Roka
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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48
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Kim YC, Composto RJ, Winey KI. pH-Mediated Size-Selective Adsorption of Gold Nanoparticles on Diblock Copolymer Brushes. ACS Nano 2023; 17:9224-9234. [PMID: 37134256 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of nanoparticles at interfaces can be achieved by designing stimuli-responsive surfaces that have tunable interactions with nanoparticles. In this study, we demonstrate that a polymer brush can selectively adsorb nanoparticles according to size by tuning the pH of the buffer solution. Specifically, we developed a facile polymer brush preparation method using a symmetric polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) block copolymer deposited on a grafted polystyrene layer. This method is based on the assembly of a PS-b-P2VP thin film oriented with parallel lamellae that remains after exfoliation of the top PS-b-P2VP layer. We characterized the P2VP brush using X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy. The buffer pH is used to tailor interactions between citrate-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the top P2VP block that behaves like a polymer brush. At low pH (∼4.0) the P2VP brushes are strongly stretched and display a high density of attractive sites, whereas at neutral pH (∼6.5) the P2VP brushes are only slightly stretched and have fewer attractive sites. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitored the adsorption thermodynamics as a function of AuNP diameter (11 and 21 nm) and pH of the buffer. Neutral pH provides limited penetration depth for nanoparticles and promotes size selectivity for 11 nm AuNP adsorption. As a proof of concept, the P2VP brushes were exposed to various mixtures of large and small AuNPs to demonstrate selective capture of the smaller AuNPs. This study shows the potential of creating devices for nanoparticle size separations using pH-sensitive polymer brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Russell J Composto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Karen I Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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49
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Adzhieva OA, Gringolts ML, Denisova YI, Shandryuk GA, Litmanovich EA, Nikiforov RY, Belov NA, Kudryavtsev YV. Effect of Chain Structure on the Various Properties of the Copolymers of Fluorinated Norbornenes with Cyclooctene. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092157. [PMID: 37177303 PMCID: PMC10180767 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated polymers are attractive due to their special thermal, surface, gas separation, and other properties. In this study, new diblock, multiblock, and random copolymers of cyclooctene with two fluorinated norbornenes, 5-perfluorobutyl-2-norbornene and N-pentafluorophenyl-exo-endo-norbornene-5,6-dicarboximide, are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization and macromolecular cross-metathesis in the presence of the first- to third-generation Grubbs' Ru-catalysts. Their thermal, surface, bulk, and solution characteristics are investigated and compared using differential scanning calorimetry, water contact angle measurements, gas permeation, and light scattering, respectively. It is demonstrated that they are correlated with the chain structure of the copolymers. The properties of multiblock copolymers are generally closer to those of diblock copolymers than of random ones, which can be explained by the presence of long blocks capable of self-organization. In particular, diblock and multiblock fluorine-imide-containing copolymers show a tendency to form micelles in chloroform solutions well below the overlap concentration. The results obtained may be of interest to a wide range of researchers involved in the design of functional copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Adzhieva
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria L Gringolts
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia I Denisova
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgiy A Shandryuk
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Litmanovich
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Yu Nikiforov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Belov
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav V Kudryavtsev
- Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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Krause DT, Krämer S, Siozios V, Butzelaar AJ, Dulle M, Förster B, Theato P, Mayer J, Winter M, Förster S, Wiemhöfer HD, Grünebaum M. Improved Route to Linear Tri block Copolymers by Coupling with Glycidyl Ether-Activated Poly(ethylene oxide) Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092128. [PMID: 37177276 PMCID: PMC10180747 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PEOz BCP) have been demonstrated to exhibit remarkably high lithium ion (Li+) conductivity for Li+ batteries applications. For linear poly(isoprene)-b-poly(styrene)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers (PIxPSyPEOz), a pronounced maximum ion conductivity was reported for short PEOz molecular weights around 2 kg mol-1. To later enable a systematic exploration of the influence of the PIx and PSy block lengths and related morphologies on the ion conductivity, a synthetic method is needed where the short PEOz block length can be kept constant, while the PIx and PSy block lengths could be systematically and independently varied. Here, we introduce a glycidyl ether route that allows covalent attachment of pre-synthesized glycidyl-end functionalized PEOz chains to terminate PIxPSy BCPs. The attachment proceeds to full conversion in a simplified and reproducible one-pot polymerization such that PIxPSyPEOz with narrow chain length distribution and a fixed PEOz block length of z = 1.9 kg mol-1 and a Đ = 1.03 are obtained. The successful quantitative end group modification of the PEOz block was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We demonstrate further that with a controlled casting process, ordered microphases with macroscopic long-range directional order can be fabricated, as demonstrated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It has already been shown in a patent, published by us, that BCPs from the synthesis method presented here exhibit comparable or even higher ionic conductivities than those previously published. Therefore, this PEOz BCP system is ideally suitable to relate BCP morphology, order and orientation to macroscopic Li+ conductivity in Li+ batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Krause
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Susanna Krämer
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Vassilios Siozios
- MEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas J Butzelaar
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Engesserstraße 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martin Dulle
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Beate Förster
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Physics of Nanoscale Systems (ER-C-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Engesserstraße 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG-3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Joachim Mayer
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Materials Science and Technology (ER-C-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance, JARA, Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
- MEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1/IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Wiemhöfer
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mariano Grünebaum
- Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
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