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Contreras LPC, Rodrigues CS, Zucuni CP, Valandro LF, Marocho SMS, de Melo RM. Fatigue behavior of multilayer ceramic structures in traditional and reverse layering designs. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:389-395. [PMID: 37201944 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the fatigue failure load (FFL) and the number of cycles for fatigue failure (CFF) of traditional (porcelain layer up) and reversed (zirconia layer up) designs of porcelain-veneered zirconia samples prepared with heat-pressing or file-splitting techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zirconia discs were prepared and veneered with heat-pressed or machined feldspathic ceramic. The bilayer discs were bonded onto a dentin-analog according to the bilayer technique and sample design: traditional heat-pressing (T-HP), reversed heat-pressing (R-HP), traditional file-splitting with fusion ceramic (T-FC), reversed file-splitting with fusion ceramic R-FC), traditional file-splitting with resin cement (T-RC), and reversed file-splitting with resin cement (R-RC). The fatigue tests were performed using the stepwise approach at 20 Hz, 10,000 cycles/step, step-size of 200 N starting at 600 N, and proceeding until failure detection or up to 2600 N if enduring. The failure modes (from radial and/or cone cracks) were analyzed in a stereomicroscope. RESULTS The reversed design decreased the FFL and CFF of bilayers prepared with heat-pressing and file-splitting with fusion ceramic. The T-HP and T-FC reached the highest results, which were statistically similar between them. The bilayers prepared by the file-splitting with resin cement (T-RC and R-RC) were similar to the R-FC and R-HP groups regarding FFL and CFF. Almost all reverse layering samples failed by radial cracks. CONCLUSIONS The reverse layering design did not improve the fatigue behavior of porcelain veneered zirconia samples. The three bilayer techniques behaved similarly when used in the reversed design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisseth Patricia Claudio Contreras
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Camila Pauleski Zucuni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Marques de Melo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Albani R, Habib SR, AlQahtani A, AlHelal AA, Alrabiah M, Anwar S. The Surface Roughness of Contemporary Indirect CAD/CAM Restorative Materials That Are Glazed and Chair-Side-Finished/Polished. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:997. [PMID: 38473470 DOI: 10.3390/ma17050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The surface roughness (Ra) of indirect computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated dental restorations is crucial for their long-term durability. This study intended to evaluate the Ra of five different types of contemporary indirect CAD/CAM restorative materials with varying compositions that were glazed and finished/polished. A total of 75 specimens, disc-shaped (10 mm × 2 mm), were obtained from five materials (n = 15) (Tetric CAD, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max ZirCAD, CELTRA Duo, and Vita Enamic) and fabricated by CAD/CAM. One of the two surfaces for each specimen was subjected to glazing, while the other surface was subjected to finishing/polishing. The Ra of the two surfaces in micrometers (μm) was evaluated using a Profilometer, while the surface topography was examined using a scanning electron microscope. Using SPSS, the Kruskal-Wallis, post hoc Conover, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to statistically evaluate the data. A comparison of the Ra for the finished/polished surfaces of the five test materials showed significant differences (p < 0.0001). Among the finished/polished surfaces, the mean rank values of Vita Enamic were significantly higher than the other four test materials (p < 0.0001). A comparison of the Ra of glazed surfaces among the five study materials revealed significant differences (p < 0.0001). The Ra for the IPS e.max ZirCAD material was significantly higher than the rest of the four materials (p < 0.001). A comparison of the Ra for two types of surface conditioning within each of the five test materials showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). Only for IPS e.max ZirCAD was the Ra of the glazed surface significantly higher than the finished/polished surface (p < 0.0001). Significant variations in the surface roughness (Ra) were exhibited between the finished/polished and glazed surfaces of the five test materials. Hybrid ceramics showed the highest Ra values for the finished/polished surfaces, and zirconia exhibited the highest Ra values among the glazed surfaces among the tested materials. The Ra values of either finished/polished or glazed surfaces of the test materials were within the clinically acceptable range (0.2-0.5 μm), except for the glazed surface of the zirconia ceramics (0.84 μm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragad Albani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Rashid Habib
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlQahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A AlHelal
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alrabiah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Anwar
- Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Jurado CA, Afrashtehfar KI, Hyer J, Alhotan A. Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD-CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:861-866. [PMID: 36609993 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The available independent data on the translucency of novel pre and fully sintered chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium disilicate are limited. This comparative in vitro study evaluated the translucency degree of pre and fully sintered chairside CAD-CAM lithium disilicate crowns after optional, required, and additional firing processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and five maxillary left central incisor crowns manufactured by three different CAD-CAM lithium disilicate brands shade A1 were assigned into seven groups as follows (n = 15): (1) Straumann n!ce without sintering; (2) Straumann n!ce with one additional sintering process; (3) Straumann n!ce with two additional sintering processes; (4) Amber Mill with one sintering process; (5) Amber Mill with two sintering processes; (6) IPS e.max CAD with one sintering process; and (7) IPS e.max CAD with two sintering processes. The translucency of all crowns was evaluated with a color imaging spectrophotometer. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. A standard level of significance was set at α < 0.05. RESULTS All the milled crowns presented different degrees of translucency, and additional sintering processes altered it. IPS e.max CAD with two (4.33 ± 0.26) and one (4.01 ± 0.15) sintering processes displayed the highest translucency, whereas Straumann n!ce with no sintering process provided the lowest value (2.82 ± 0.16). CONCLUSIONS The translucency of chairside lithium disilicate single-unit full-coverage restorations manufactured with subtractive technology was significantly influenced by the brand and the number of sintering processes. The traditional presintered IPS e.max CAD and the fully crystallized glass-ceramic Straumann n!ce considerably increased the translucency after one additional firing process, whereas Amber Mill decreased its translucency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kelvin I Afrashtehfar
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman City, UAE
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jared Hyer
- A.T. Still University Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Mesa, Arizona, USA
| | - Abdulaziz Alhotan
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kelma Palacio Gomes Magalhães A, Barros Moreira G, Loíky Sampaio de Souza M, Whitehurst Ary Leitão A, Fernandes Peixoto R, Pontes C, Matthes de Freitas Pontes K. Evaluation of one versus two glaze firings on the color stability and mechanical properties of an extrinsically characterized monolithic CAD-CAM lithium disilicate glass ceramic. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37947149 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of 1 versus 2 glaze firings on the color and mechanical properties of an extrinsically characterized lithium disilicate ceramic after thermal cycling, brushing, or both. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty specimens were divided into 2 groups: 1 glaze firing (GL1) and 2 glaze firings (GL2). Each group was subdivided into 4 groups (n = 10), according to the experimental conditions: thermal-cycling, brushing, thermal-cycling + brushing, and immersion in distilled water (control). Color variation, surface roughness, and Vickers microhardness were analyzed before each designated experiment and after the simulated periods of 2.5, 5, and 10 years. Three-way mixed ANOVA was used for all outcomes, followed by 1-way ANOVA, repeated measures 1-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, and t-test to check for statistical differences (α = 0.05). RESULTS Thermal cycling generated greater color changes in the GL1 group at 2.5 and 5 years (p < 0.001; p = 0.013). Brushing generated color changes in GL1 at 5 years (p = 0.003) and in GL2 at 10 years (p = 0.017). Regarding surface roughness, the GL1 group suffered alterations in thermal cycling + brushing at 5 years. In the control group, the GL1 group exhibited higher roughness values than GL2 (p < 0.05). Most of the groups experienced an increase in microhardness at 2.5 years (p < 0.05). In the GL1 group, thermal-cycling increased the microhardness at 5 years (p = 0.006); at 5 and 10 years, the GL1 group had a higher microhardness than the GL2 in thermal-cycling + brushing (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Ceramics with 1 glaze firing showed greater color, roughness, and microhardness changes compared to those submitted to 2 firings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Barros Moreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raniel Fernandes Peixoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Cássio Pontes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic College, São Paulo, Campinas, Brazil
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Pucci CR, Mafetano APVP, Borges ALS, de Andrade GS, Dal Piva AMDO, Kleverlaan CJ, Tribst JPM. Substrate Rigidity Effect on CAD/CAM Restorations at Different Thicknesses. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1020-1028. [PMID: 36513340 PMCID: PMC10756807 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article evaluated the effect of substrates rigidities on the post-fatigue fracture resistance of adhesively cemented simplified restorations in lithium disilicate glass ceramic. METHODS Precrystalized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramic blocks were processed into disc-shaped specimens (n = 10, Ø = 10 mm), mimicking a simplified restoration at two thicknesses (0.5 and 1.0 mm). Thereafter, the discs were cemented onto different base substrates (dentin analogue [control], dentin analogue with a central core build-up of resin composite [RC], or glass ionomer cement [GIC]). The specimens were subjected to mechanical cycling in a chewing simulator (100 N, 1 × 106 cycles, 4 Hz) and then subjected to thermocycling aging (10,000 cycles, 5/37/55°C, 30 seconds). After the fatigue protocol, the specimens were loaded until failure (N) in a universal testing machine. Finite element analysis calculated the first principal stress at the center of the adhesive interface. RESULTS The results showed that "restoration thickness," "type of substrate," and their interaction were statistically significant (one-way analysis of variance; p < 0.001). Regardless the restoration thickness a higher fracture load was observed for specimens cemented to dentin analogue. Among the base materials, RC build-up presented the highest fracture load and lower stress magnitude for both restoration thicknesses in comparison with GIC build-up. The 0.5-mm restoration showed higher stress peak and lower fracture load when submitted to the compressive test. CONCLUSION More flexible base material reduces the fracture load and increases the stress magnitude of adhesively cemented lithium disilicate restorations regardless the ceramic thickness. Therefore, more rigid substrates are suggested to be used to prevent restoration mechanical failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Rogério Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Valente Pinho Mafetano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gali S, Gururaja S, Prabhu TN, Srinivasan S. Investigation of Spark Plasma Sintering on Microstructure-Properties of Zirconia Reinforced Fluormica Glass for Dental Restorations. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6125. [PMID: 37763404 PMCID: PMC10532871 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional sintering methods of dental ceramics have limitations of high temperature and slow cooling rates with requirements of additional heat treatment for crystallization. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is an emerging technique that has the potential to process dental restorations with dense microstructures and tailor-made clinically relevant properties with optimized processing parameters. This study explored the potential of the SPS of zirconia-reinforced fluormica glass (FM) for dental restorative materials. METHODS FM glass frit was obtained through the melt-quench technique (44.5 SiO2-16.7 Al2O3-9.5 K2O-14.5 MgO-8.5 B2O3-6.3 F (wt.%)). The glass frit was ball-milled with 20 wt.% of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (FMZ) for enhanced fracture toughness. The mixtures were SPS sintered at a pressure of 50 MPa and a heating rate of 100 °C/min for 5 min with an increase in temperature from 650-750 °C-850 °C-950 °C. Phase analysis was carried out using XRD and microstructural characterization with SEM. Micro-hardness, nano-indentation, porosity, density, indentation fracture toughness, and genotoxicity were assessed. CONCLUSIONS The increase in the SPS temperature of FMZ influenced its microstructure and resulted in reduced porosity, improved density, and optimal mechanical properties with the absence of genotoxicity on human gingival fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Gali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Suhasini Gururaja
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - T. Niranjana Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru 560058, India
| | - Srikari Srinivasan
- Department of Automotive & Aerospace Engineering, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru 560058, India
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Czechowski Ł, Dejak B, Konieczny B, Krasowski M. Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Occlusal Veneers Made of Different Types of Materials Depending on Their Thickness. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6006. [PMID: 37687699 PMCID: PMC10489006 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathological tooth wear is an escalating social problem. Occlusal veneers can be an alternative to traditional prosthetic restorations such as crowns, inlays, and onlays. BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to assess the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of various materials depending on their thickness. METHODS In total, 120 occlusal veneers were examined. The restorations were made of four ceramics: leucite LC (IPS Empress Esthetic), hybrid HC (Vita Enamic), lithium disilicate LDC (IPS e.max Press), and zirconium oxide ZOC (Ceramill Zolid HT). A total of 30 veneers were made of each material, 10 for each of the three thicknesses: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm. The restorations were cemented on identical abutments duplicated from the developed phantom tooth 35 (KaVo) with composite cement (All Bond Universal). The samples prepared in this way were subjected to a compressive strength test in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis of the results was performed. RESULTS The average fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of zirconium oxide ceramic was 1086-1640 N, of lithium disilicate ceramics 456-1044 N, of hybrid ceramics 449-576 N, and of leucite ceramics 257-499 N. CONCLUSIONS Occlusal veneers made of ceramics, zirconium oxide and lithium disilicate, had the highest resistance to fractures. Restorations made of leucite ceramics turned out to be the least resistant to forces. The greater the thickness of the ceramic occlusal veneers, the greater their fracture resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beata Dejak
- Department of Prosthodontics MU of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Konieczny
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Krasowski
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
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Laky M, Toth P, Laky B, Vaskovich T, Kurzmann C, Arslan M, Nguyen M, Rausch-Fan X, Moritz A, Shokoohi-Tabrizi HA. Optimized Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser Parameters for the Removal of Dental Ceramic Restorations. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5835. [PMID: 37687528 PMCID: PMC10488396 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of lasers for debonding adhesively luted ceramic restorations is a rather recent oral laser application in dentistry. The removal of all-ceramic restorations in the mouth can often be a troublesome task. A novel method for the debonding of ceramic restorations without damaging the restorations is Er:YAG laser irradiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Er:YAG laser for debonding procedures of different dental ceramics and to identify appropriate laser settings. MATERIAL AND METHODS Lithium disilicate, zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate, feldspatic ceramic, and zirconium dioxide were investigated. Ten ceramic rectangular-shaped specimens with 1 and 2 mm thickness were produced from each material. All specimens were irradiated with four different power settings 1.5; 2.5; 3.5; 4.5 W, pulse duration 50 μs, laser repetition rate 10 Hz, time of irradiation 10 s. The transmitted energy was measured with a powermeter. Additionally the suitability of the Er:YAG laser to remove the adhesively bonded ceramic and the time until loss of retention was evaluated. RESULTS The transmission rate for 1 and 2 mm platelets was determined for zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate at 54.6%/35.6%, lithium disilicate at 53.2%/35.7%, zirconium dioxide at 40.6%/32.4%, and for the feldspathic ceramic at 19.4%/10.1%. For zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate and zirconium dioxide 2.5 W (250 mJ/10 Hz) was an appropriate energy level for effective debonding. Whereas for lithium disilicate and for feldspathic ceramic, 4.5 W (450 mJ/10 Hz) is required for efficient debonding. CONCLUSIONS There are differences regarding transmission rates between ceramic types for the Er:YAG laser light and additionally depending on the type of ceramic different energy settings should be used for adequate debonding. Based on our in-vitro experiments we recommend 2.5 W for zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate and zirconium dioxide and 4.5 W for lithium disilicate and feldspatic ceramic. Transmission rates of different ceramic types and varying influences of thicknesses and bonding materials should be considered to adjust the laser parameters during laser debonding of adhesively luted all-ceramic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Laky
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
- Core Facility Applied Physics, Laser and CAD/CAM Technology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Toth
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
| | - Brenda Laky
- Center for Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Society of Regenerative Medicine, 1010 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Research Group for Regenerative and Orthopedic Medicine (AURROM), 1050 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tom Vaskovich
- Technical Dental Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kurzmann
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Muazzez Arslan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
| | - Mariano Nguyen
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
- Center for Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Moritz
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.A.); (M.N.); (X.R.-F.); (A.M.)
| | - Hassan Ali Shokoohi-Tabrizi
- Core Facility Applied Physics, Laser and CAD/CAM Technology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Nogueira VDF, Rodrigues CDS, Grangeiro MTV, Contreras LPC, Marinho RMDM, Bottino MA. Interface adhesion on layered zirconia: Effects of the veneering ceramic material and veneering technique. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37626443 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of different veneering ceramics and veneering techniques on the bond strength to zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3Y-TZP zirconia blocks were sliced into 60 slabs, polished, and sintered. Each slab received one ceramic cylinder (Ø = 3.4 mm, 5 mm-high), according to the veneering ceramic type (feldspathic-FEL or lithium disilicate-based-LD) and the veneering technique (file-splitting with resin-based luting agent-RC, file-splitting with fusion ceramic-FC, or heat-pressing-HT), which resulted in six groups: FEL-RC, FEL-FC, FEL-HT, LD-RC, LD-FC, LD-HT. After preparation, the samples were immersed in distilled water for 24 h before the shear bond strength (SBS) test. The failure modes were classified as adhesive, predominantly adhesive, or cohesive. Representative failure mode images were taken in a Scanning Electron Microscope. The SBS data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS Both type of veneering ceramic and technique affected the bond strength. FC led to the highest SBS values. RC and HP provided similar results when compared within each veneering ceramic. Lithium disilicate achieved lower bond strength than feldspathic ceramic when the heat-pressing technique was applied. The most frequent failure modes were predominantly adhesive and adhesive for FEL and LD, respectively. CONCLUSION File-splitting with fusion ceramic provided the highest adhesion to zirconia when feldspathic or lithium disilicate-based ceramics were used. The heat-pressing technique for veneering with lithium disilicate significantly decreased the bond strength when compared to the feldspathic ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa de Fátima Nogueira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Manassés Tercio Vieira Grangeiro
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Anhanguera University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lisseth Patricia Claudio Contreras
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Marques de Melo Marinho
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Bottino
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Grangeiro MTV, Rodrigues CDS, Rossi NR, Souza KB, Melo RMD, Bottino MA. Preheated Composite as an Alternative for Bonding Feldspathic and Hybrid Ceramics: A Microshear Bond Strength Study. J Adhes Dent 2023; 25:159-166. [PMID: 37551926 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b4279775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the bond strength between alternative or conventional luting agents and indirect restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blocks of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN, Vita Enamic) and a feldspathic ceramic (FEL, Vita Mark II) were sliced and divided according to the luting agent: resin cement (PICN-RC, FEL-RC), flowable composite (PICN-FC, FEL-FC), or preheated composite (PICN-PH, FEL-PH). The ceramic surfaces were polished, etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid for 60 s, and then a silane layer was applied. Cylinders of the luting agents were built up on the ceramic surfaces. In half the samples, the microshear bond strength (µSBS) was tested after 24 h (baseline). The other half was tested after 5000 thermocycles (5°C-55°C) (aging). The failure modes were determined using a stereomicroscope, and the ceramic surfaces were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. Data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA. RESULTS Thermocycling reduced the bond strength values of all experimental groups. Regarding FEL, the preheated composite obtained the highest results. Resin cement showed results similar to the flowable composite at baseline and after aging. The highest results of PICN were obtained from the preheated composite followed by resin cement and flowable composite. Significant differences among the three luting agents were observed before and after aging. The most frequent failures among the experimental groups were adhesive and cohesive in the ceramic. CONCLUSION Bond strength results indicate that the preheated composite can be an alternative for adhesive cementation when applied on the tested feldspathic ceramic or PICN.
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Pachiou A, Zervou E, Tsirogiannis P, Sykaras N. Evaluation of the marginal fit of lithium disilicate single crowns fabricated with the conventional (Emax press) and the CAD/CAM (Emax CAD) method: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Comput Dent 2023; 0:0. [PMID: 37477084 DOI: 10.3290/j.ijcd.b4224643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the marginal adaptation of single unit full coverage lithium disilicate fixed dental restorations fabricated with the conventional heat pressed technique and the digital CAD/CAM workflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) statement. study research was conducted in MEDLINE via PubMed and Cochrane Library databases together with a hand search of studies published until June 2022. The search terms were combining suitable Medical Subject Headings (MeSH terms) together with free text words in single or multiple conjunctions. A modified methodological index was used to assess the risk of bias of the included studies. A random effect model was applied to pool the effect estimates, and further assessment of the heterogeneity across studies using the Q test and the I2 metric was conducted. All statistical analyses were performed using Rstudio software, version 4.1.2, using the "meta" package. RESULTS The electronic search and hand search identified 51 articles. Eighteen met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review, 17 of which were in vitro and only one was an in vivo study. However, 17 of the initial 18 could be included in the meta-analysis, due to lack of statistical data in one of the in vitro studies. Statistical analyses were conducted by using the Rstudio software program. Meta-analysis was performed with the random effects model (α=.05). No statistical difference was found between the two fabrication methods (p-value=0.49). CONCLUSIONS Although the mean marginal adaptation of lithium disilicate single crowns was found to be better with the heat-pressed technique, there was no statistical significance with the CAD/CAM fabricated restorations and both resulted in a clinically acceptable result. Nonetheless, more clinical studies are needed for safer conclusions.
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Abstract
Technological advancement in the field of dentistry has to be proven in new avenues for professionals as well as laboratory programmers. An advanced type of technology is emerging based on digitalization, as a computerized three-dimensional (3-D) model, additive manufacturing also called 3-D printing, allows formation of block pieces by adding material layer-by-layer. The additive manufacturing (AM) approach has offered extreme progress in the broad choice of distinct zones, permitting the production of fragments of all possible varieties of substances such as metal, polymer, ceramic, and composites. The significant goal of current the article is to recapitulate the recent scenarios including the imminent perspective of AM techniques and challenges in dentistry. Moreover, this article reviews the recent developments of 3-D printing advancements along with the advantages and disadvantages. Herein, various AM technologies comprising vat photopolymerization (VPP), material jetting, material extrusion, selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technologies based powder bed fusion technologies/direct energy deposition/sheet lamination centered on binder jetting technologies were discussed in detail. This paper attempts to provide a balanced view by emphasizing the economic, scientific, and technical challenges and presenting an overview of methods to discuss the similarities based on the authors' continuing research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Chaudhary
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Avinashi
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Jitendra Rao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandkiram Gautam
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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Jurado CA, Alresayes S, Rojas-Rueda S, Alqahtani A, Tsujimoto A, Fischer NG, Afrashtehfar KI. Ceramic versus Composite Resin Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of Milled Leucite-Reinforced Ceramics. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1048. [PMID: 37374252 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study aimed to compare the surface finish of milled leucite-reinforced ceramics polished with ceramic and composite polishing systems based on the manufacturers' recommendations. Materials and Methods: Sixty subtractive computer-aided manufactured (s-CAM) leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic specimens (IPS-Empress-CAD) were assigned into six groups: no polishing, a ceramic polishing kit, and four composite kit groups. The roughness average (Ra) was evaluated in microns using a profilometer, and scanning electron micrographs were obtained for qualitative analysis. A Tukey HSD posthoc test (α = 0.05) was used to determine significant intergroup differences. Results: After surface evaluation of the ceramics, the Ra values of the polishing systems ranked OptraFine (0.41 ± 0.26) < Enhance (1.60 ± 0.54) < Shofu (2.14 ± 0.44) < Astropol (4.05 ± 0.72) < DiaComp (5.66 ± 0.62) < No Polishing (5.66 ± 0.74). Discussion: Composite polishing systems did not provide as smooth surfaces as the ceramic polishing kit for CAD-CAM leucite-reinforced ceramics. Thus, using ceramic polishing systems, polishing leucite ceramics is recommended, whereas composite polishing systems should not be considered as an alternative for use in minimally invasive dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Saad Alresayes
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Silvia Rojas-Rueda
- School of Dentistry, Pontifical Xaverian University, Bogota 110231, Colombia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya 646-8650, Japan
| | - Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelvin I Afrashtehfar
- Evidence-Based Practice Unit, Clinical Sciences Department, Ajman University College of Dentistry, Ajman City P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Alrabeah G, Habib SR, Alamro NM, Alzaaqi MA. Evaluation of the Effect of Electronic Cigarette Devices/Vape on the Color of Dental Ceramics: An In Vitro Investigation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3977. [PMID: 37297113 PMCID: PMC10253884 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of vaping or electronic cigarette devices (ECDs) has recently increased as an alternative to conventional tobacco smoking products. By recording the CIELAB coordinates (L*a*b*) and computing the total color difference (ΔE) values using a spectrophotometer, the effect of ECDs on contemporary aesthetic dental ceramics was investigated in this in-vitro study. A total of seventy-five (N = 75) specimens from five different (n = 15) dental ceramic materials (Pressable ceramics (PEmax); Pressed and layered ceramics (LEmax); Layered zirconia (LZr); Monolithic zirconia (MZr) and Porcelain fused to metal (PFM)) were prepared and exposed to aerosols produced by the ECDs. The color assessment was performed using a spectrophotometer at six time intervals (0 = baseline; 250-puff exposures; 500-puff exposures; 750-puff exposures; 1000-puff exposures; 1250-puff exposures; and 1500-puff exposures). By recording L*a*b* and computing total color difference (ΔE) values, the data were processed. A one-way ANOVA and Tukey procedure for pairwise comparisons were used to assess color differences between tested ceramics (p < 0.05). All test materials demonstrated significant color differences (ΔE) after exposure to vaping (p < 0.05). The LZr group displayed noticeably high ΔE values at all the distinct puff exposure intervals, with the highest ΔE value of (13.67) after 1500 puffs. The lowest (ΔE) values were observed in the PFM group after 250 and 500 puffs (0.85 and 0.97, respectively). With the exception of the group PEmax (p = 0.999), all groups produced readings of "ΔE" that indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) at various degrees of puff exposures. ECDs can noticeably alter the color of the dental ceramics affecting the esthetics of the patients. All the materials tested demonstrated significant color changes (ΔE > 3.33) above the clinically acceptable threshold, except for the PFM and PEmax group (ΔE < 3.33) which showed color stability after exposure to the ECDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alrabeah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Rashid Habib
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf M. Alamro
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia (M.A.A.)
| | - Meshari A. Alzaaqi
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia (M.A.A.)
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Lei MA, Macchi RL, Picea M. Effect of photopolymerization time on the microhardness of resin cement beneath feldspathic ceramic. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2023; 36:40-46. [PMID: 37315311 DOI: 10.54589/aol.36/1/40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During ceramic veneer luting, resin cement polymerization is performed with interposition of the dental ceramic. Aim To evaluate how and how much the photoactivation time affects the Vickers hardness of resin-based cements with interposed ceramic. Materials and Method A total 24 specimens H mm in diameter and 1 mm thick were made from Paracore White Coltene (PC), Densell Resin Duo Cement (DC), 3MRelyX Veneer (RX) and Coltene Fill Up! (FU), interposing VitablockMarkII (Vita Zahnfabrik) feldspathic ceramic 0.6 mm thick during photoactivation. The materials were polymerized using 100% and 25% of the times indicated by the manufacturers with a Coltolux LED ((Coltene) light with intensity 1200 mW/cm2. Each polymerization time group consisted of three specimens of each material, which were stored dry in darkness at 37 °C for 7 days. Three Vickers microhardness measurements were made on the top and bottom surfaces of each specimen using a Vickers Future Tech FM300 microhardness tester (300 g, 5 s). The values were averaged, and the bottom/top ratios calculated. Results were analyzed by ANOVA. (p<0.05) complemented with multiple comparisons using Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results Different photoactivation times were found to have a significant effect on hardness values of the cements evaluated, with significant differences between some of the cements. No statistically significant difference was found for the effect of photoactivation time on bottom/top microhardness ratio in those materials. Conclusions Under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that photopolymerization for shorter times and the interposition of restorative material significantly affectpolymerization quality as evaluated by microhardness, but the bottom/top ratio was unaffected by differences in polymerization time.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Lei
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo L Macchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Picea
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Materiales Dentales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Guzman-Perez G, Jurado CA, Azpiazu-Flores FX, Munoz-Luna H, Afrashtehfar KI, Nurrohman H. Soft Tissue Grafting Procedures before Restorations in the Esthetic Zone: A Minimally Invasive Interdisciplinary Case Report. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:medicina59050822. [PMID: 37241054 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An esthetically pleasing smile is a valuable aspect of physical appearance and plays a significant role in social interaction. Achieving the perfect balance between extraoral and intraoral tissues is essential for a harmonious and attractive smile. However, certain intraoral deficiencies, such as non-carious cervical lesions and gingival recession, can severely compromise the overall aesthetics, particularly in the anterior zone. Addressing such conditions requires careful planning and meticulous execution of both surgical and restorative procedures. This interdisciplinary clinical report presents a complex case of a patient with esthetic complaints related to asymmetric anterior gingival architecture and severely discolored and eroded maxillary anterior teeth. The patient was treated using a combination of minimally invasive ceramic veneers and plastic mucogingival surgery, resulting in a successful outcome. The report emphasizes the potential of this approach in achieving optimal esthetic results in challenging cases, highlighting the importance of an interdisciplinary team approach in achieving a harmonious balance between dental and soft tissue aesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Guzman-Perez
- Department of Graduate Periodontics, Multidisciplinary Educational Center in Oral Rehabilitation (CEMRO), Tarímbaro 58893, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alberto Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Francisco X Azpiazu-Flores
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3N4, Canada
| | | | - Kelvin I Afrashtehfar
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Clinical Sciences Department, Ajman College of Dentistry, Ajman City P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hamid Nurrohman
- Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
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May MM, Machry RV, Fraga S, de Andrade GS, Bottino MA, Valandro LF, May LG. Resin cement coating reverts the machining damage on the flexural fatigue strength of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:971-980. [PMID: 36434818 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of resin cement coating with high and low viscosities on the flexural fatigue strength of machined lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Discs (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar Vivadent) were prepared and divided according to the surface condition (machining [M]-CEREC inLab; and polishing [P]-laboratory procedures), resin cement coating (with or without), and cement viscosity (high [H] and low [L]). The ceramic bonding surface was etched/primed by a one-step primer application followed by resin cement application (Variolink N base + high or low viscosity catalyst; Ivoclar Vivadent). Biaxial flexural fatigue strength was evaluated on a piston-on-three-ball set by the step-test method (n = 15) (initial stress: 60 MPa; incremental steps: 20 MPa; 10,000 cycles/step, at 20 Hz). Weibull statistics were used for fatigue data. Contact angle, topographic, and fractographic analysis were also performed. Machining produced statistically lower contact angle than polishing and a significant detrimental effect on the fatigue behavior (σ0 M = 247.2 [246.9-268.3]; σ0 P = 337.4 [297.8-382.4]). Machined groups followed by resin cement coating (σ0 MH = 297.9 [276.0-321.5]; σ0 Ml = 301.2 [277.1-327.4]) behaved similarly to the polished and coated groups (σ0 PH = 342.0 [308.9-378.5]; σ0 PL = 357.3 [324.7-393.1]), irrespective of the cement viscosity. Therefore, cement coating has able to revert the detrimental effects of the machining on the fatigue strength of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. High and low viscosity cements behaved similarly in the improvement of CAD-CAM lithium disilicate fatigue strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Mirian May
- Post-Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Renan Vaz Machry
- Post-Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sara Fraga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Antonio Bottino
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Liliana Gressler May
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Guzman-Perez G, Jurado CA, Azpiazu-Flores F, Afrashtehfar KI, Tsujimoto A. Minimally Invasive Laminate Veneer Therapy for Maxillary Central Incisors. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:medicina59030603. [PMID: 36984604 PMCID: PMC10053945 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive dentistry is a considered process that requires the clinician to be prepared with the ideal sequence and the tools needed. This report describes a well-planned ultraconservative approach using only two ceramic laminate veneers for the maxillary central incisors to significantly improve the patient's overall smile. A 30-year-old female presented with the chief complaints of having diastemas between the central and lateral incisors as well as incisal wear. Diagnostic wax-up and mock-up were performed, and the patient approved the minimally invasive treatment with veneers only for central incisors. A reduction guide aided the conservative tooth preparations, and hand-crafted feldspathic veneers were bonded under total isolation with a rubber dam. The two final conservative veneers significantly improved the smile and fulfilled the patient's expectations. Following proper planning and sequencing, predictable outcomes were obtained and fulfilled the patient's esthetic demands. Minimally invasive restorative dentistry with only two single veneers can impact the entire smile frame. Overtreatment in the esthetic zone is unnecessary to meet a patient's esthetic expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Francisco Azpiazu-Flores
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Manitoba Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Kelvin I Afrashtehfar
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Clinical Sciences Department, Ajman College of Dentistry, Ajman City P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern School of Dental Medicine, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE 68102, USA
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Fachinetto E, Chiapinotto GF, Barreto VSM, Pecho O, Pereira GKR, Bacchi A. Masking ability of CAD-CAM monolithic ceramics: effect of ceramic type and thickness, and try-in paste shade. Quintessence Int 2023; 0:0. [PMID: 36928125 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b3964073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study evaluated the color differences when discolored tooth substrates were restored with CAD-CAM monolithic ceramics depending on ceramic type and thickness, and the try-in paste shade. METHODS Six ceramic types were tested: high-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-HT); medium-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-MT); low-translucent lithium disilicate (LD-LT); low-translucent leucite (LC-LT); feldspathic ceramic (FC); BL1 low-translucent lithium disilicate, stained to A1 shade (LD-BL1-LT). The ceramics were tested in disc-shaped specimens with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5mm thickness (n=10; N= 180; shade A1). The try-in pastes tested to simulate luting materials corresponded to colors A1 and opaque white (OW). Six substrates were used: A1 (reference), B2, B3, A3, C2, and C3. Color differences (ΔE00) and translucency parameter (TP00) were assessed with the CIEDE2000 formula. The results were compared with acceptability (AT = 1.77) and perceptibility (PT = 0.81) thresholds. RESULTS Ceramic type, thickness, and the try-in paste shade influenced the color differences. LD-LT and LC-LT ceramics and OW try-in paste provided, in general, lower ΔE00 values. The most adequate ceramic thickness varied according to the substrate discoloration. With 1.0 mm of ceramic thickness, it was possible to obtain ΔE00 lower than the PT for substrates C2 and A3, and ΔE00 lower than the AT for C3 and B3. ΔE00 lower than the AT were obtained with 0.5mm of ceramic thickness for B2, A3, and C2. CONCLUSION The use of low-translucent glass-ceramics and opaque white try-in paste are useful to reduce color differences. The most adequate ceramic thickness depends on the substrate discoloration.
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PEREIRA RM, RIBAS RG, MONTANHEIRO TLDA, SCHATKOSKI VM, RODRIGUES KF, KITO LT, KOBO LK, CAMPOS TMB, BONFANTE EA, GIERTHMUEHLEN PC, SPITZNAGEL FA, THIM GP. An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220421. [PMID: 36820784 PMCID: PMC9972857 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metal-ceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties. Metal-ceramics type has always been the golden standard of dental reconstruction. However, this system lacks aesthetic aspects. For this reason, efforts are made to develop materials that met both the mechanical features necessary for the safe performance of the restoration as well as the aesthetic aspects, aiming for a beautiful smile. In this field, glass and high-strength core ceramics have been highly investigated for applications in dental restoration due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and translucency. However, since these are recent materials when compared with the metal-ceramic system, many studies are still required to guarantee the quality and longevity of these systems. Therefore, a background on available dental materials properties is a starting point to provoke a discussion on the development of potential alternatives to rehabilitate lost hard and soft tissue structures with ceramic-based tooth and implant-supported reconstructions. This review aims to bring the most recent materials research of the two major categories of ceramic restorations: ceramic-metal system and all-ceramic restorations. The practical aspects are herein presented regarding the evolution and development of materials, technologies applications, strength, color, and aesthetics. A trend was observed to use high-strength core ceramics type due to their ability to be manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 on the market of dental restorative ceramics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Monteiro PEREIRA
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Renata Guimarães RIBAS
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Thaís Larissa do Amaral MONTANHEIRO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Modelski SCHATKOSKI
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Karla Faquine RODRIGUES
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Letícia Terumi KITO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Lucas Kazunori KOBO
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos CAMPOS
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
| | - Estevam Augusto BONFANTE
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Odontologia de BauruDepartamento de Prótese e PeriodontiaBauruSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
| | - Petra Christine GIERTHMUEHLEN
- Heinrich-Heine-UniversityMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermanyHeinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Department of Prosthodontics, Germany.
| | - Frank Akito SPITZNAGEL
- Heinrich-Heine-UniversityMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermanyHeinrich-Heine-University, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Department of Prosthodontics, Germany.
| | - Gilmar Patrocínio THIM
- Instituto Tecnológico de AeronáuticaLaboratório de Plasma e ProcessosSão José dos CamposBrasilInstituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), Laboratório de Plasma e Processos (LPP), São José dos Campos, Brasil
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Monteiro JB, Prado PHCO, Ribeiro Zucco G, Campos TMB, Machado JPB, Trava-Airoldi VJ, Melo RMD. High-Translucency Zirconia Following Chemical Vapor Deposition with SiH4: Evidence of Surface Modifications and Improved Bonding. J Adhes Dent 2023; 25:1-12. [PMID: 36633468 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b3801051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with silicon hydride (SiH4) at different times on HT-zirconia surface characteristics and bonding of composite cement before and after thermocycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blocks of HT zirconia were obtained, polished, sintered and divided into five groups, according to PECVD time (n = 31): Zr-30 (30 s), Zr-60 (60 s), Zr-120 (120 s) and Zr-300 (300 s). The control group (Zr-0) did not receive PECVD. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) in conjunction with field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), goniometry, and profilometry tests were used for chemical and topographic characterization. Monobond N silane (Ivoclar Vivadent) was applied to the surface, and a cylinder of composite cement (Variolink N) was made (3 x 3 mm). Half of the specimens of each group were stored for 24 h or subjected to thermocycling (6 x 103 cycles). A shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed. Results were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS For experimental groups, XPS showed that formation of Si-O bonds contributed to increased surface free energy (SFE). FE-SEM and EDS showed that the longer the deposition time, the greater the amount of silicon on the surface. Zr-60 and Zr-300 presented higher and lower surface roughnesses, respectively. The silicon penetrated the microstructure, causing higher stress concentrations. The bond strength to composite cement was improved after all PECVD deposition times. CONCLUSION The PECVD technique with SiH4, associated with chemical treatment with primer based on silane methacrylate, is a solely chemical surface treatment capable of maintaining bonding between composite cement and HT zirconia.
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Kose C, Oliveira D, Pereira PNR, Rocha MG. Using artificial intelligence to predict the final color of leucite-reinforced ceramic restorations. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:105-115. [PMID: 36592128 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of machine learning regression models in predicting the final color of leucite-reinforced glass CAD/CAM ceramic veneer restorations based on substrate shade, ceramic shade, thickness and translucency. METHODS Leucite-reinforced glass ceramics in four different shades were sectioned in thicknesses of 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.2 mm. The CIELab coordinates of each specimen were obtained over four different backgrounds (black, white, A1, and A3) interposed with an experimental translucent resin cement using a calibrated spectrophotometer. The color change (CIEDE2000) values, as well as all the CIELab values for each one of the experimental groups, were submitted to 28 different regression models. Each regression model was adjusted according to the weights of each dependent variable to achieve the best-fitting model. RESULTS Different substrates, ceramic shades, and thicknesses influenced the L, a, and b of the final restoration. Of all variables, the substrate influenced the final ceramic shade most, followed by the ceramic thickness and the L, a, and b of the ceramic. The decision tree regression model had the lowest mean absolute error and highest accuracy to predict the shade of the ceramic restoration according to the substrate shade, ceramic shade and thickness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The machine learning regression model developed in the study can help clinicians predict the final color of the ceramic veneers made with leucite-reinforced glass CAD/CAM ceramic HT and LT when cemented with translucent cements, based on the color of the substrate and ceramic thicknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Kose
- Tufts University, School of Dental Medicine, Comprehensive Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dayane Oliveira
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Patricia N R Pereira
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mateus Garcia Rocha
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Hashemikamangar SS, Nahavandi AM, Daryadar M, Valizadeh S, Özcan M. Effect of glazing and polishing on opalescence and fluorescence of dental ceramics. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1645-1654. [PMID: 36245303 PMCID: PMC9760161 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tooth enamel has opalescence and fluorescence, which should be mimicked by esthetic dental restorations. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of glazing and polishing on the opalescence and fluorescence of dental ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four discs were fabricated of feldspathic, IPS e.max, zirconia, and Enamic ceramics with 10 mm diameter and 0.5 and 1 mm thicknesses (n = 12). Of the discs fabricated with 0.5 and 1 mm thicknesses, half of them were glazed and the remaining half were polished (n = 6). Opalescence was calculated as the difference in yellow-blue (CIE ∆b*) and red-green (CIE ∆a*) color axes between the transmitted and reflected colors. The fluorescence of specimens was measured by a novel technique. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance at a 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS In all groups (except for the Enamic ceramic), the mean opalescence of polished specimens (e.max = 2.704, feldspathic = 1.67, zirconia = 3.143) was higher than that of glazed specimens (e.max = 2.163, feldspathic = 1.016, zirconia = 2.690). The mean opalescence of glazed Enamic specimens (2.140) was higher than that of polished specimens (1.308). The fluorescence of glazed and polished specimens was not significantly different. CONCLUSION Surface treatment (glazing/polishing) affects the opalescence, but not the fluorescence of dental ceramics evaluated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Mahmoudi Nahavandi
- Department of Color Imaging and Color Image ProcessingInstitute for Color Science and Technology (ICST)TehranIran
| | - Marzieh Daryadar
- Department of Restorative DentustryTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sara Valizadeh
- Department of RestorativeSchool of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental BiomaterialsCenter for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of ZürichZurichSwitzerland
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Unkovskiy A, Beuer F, Metin DS, Bomze D, Hey J, Schmidt F. Additive Manufacturing of Lithium Disilicate with the LCM Process for Classic and Non-Prep Veneers: Preliminary Technical and Clinical Case Experience. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15176034. [PMID: 36079415 PMCID: PMC9457325 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ceramic veneers, crowns, and other types of restorations are often made using either the press heating technique or the subtractive method. The advent of lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) allows for the manufacturing of such restorations in an additive way. METHODS this concept paper describes the first clinical experience in the application of LCM lithium disilicate restorations in vivo for the manufacturing of classic veneers for a patient with severe tooth wear. The applied restorations were analyzed in terms of their marginal fit in metrology software (Geomagic Control X, 3D Systems). Furthermore, the feasibility of 3D printing of non-prep veneers with a 0.1 mm thickness was tested. RESULTS the classic LCM lithium disilicate veneers were tried in the mouth cavity and demonstrated adequate esthetics and a sufficient marginal fit of 100 µm. Furthermore, the non-prep veneers with a 0.1 mm thickness could be successfully printed using LCM technology and also demonstrated an adequate fit on the model in vitro. CONCLUSIONS the described technical approach of lithium disilicate 3D printing with LCM technology may pose a valid alternative to subtractive and analog manufacturing and be a game-changing option with the use of additive chairside ceramic fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Unkovskiy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dilan Seda Metin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Bomze
- Lithoz GmbH, Mollardgasse 85a/2/64-69, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jeremias Hey
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
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Vila-Nova TEL, Moura DMD, Araújo GMD, Pinto RDAS, Leite FPP, Melo RM, Özcan M, Souza RODAE. Effect of Adhesive Resin Application on the Durability of Adhesion to CAD/CAM Glass-Ceramics after either Hydrofluoric Acid Etching or Self-etch Primer Application. J Adhes Dent 2022; 24:279-289. [PMID: 35980237 DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b3240691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of two surface conditioning methods, namely conventional hydrofluoric acid vs self-etching primer, and the application of adhesive on the bond strength of resin cement to CAD/CAM glass-ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blocks (N = 96) (12 x 10 x 2.5 mm) were manufactured, 24 for each tested ceramic type: lithium silicate ceramic (LS), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC), leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic (FD), and lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic (LD). For bond strength testing, 64 blocks were randomly divided into 16 groups (4 blocks per group) according to the following factors: ceramic: 4 levels; etching: 2 levels (HFS: hydrofluoric acid + silane or Monobond Etch & Prime [MEP]); and adhesive application: 2 levels, with (signified as A) and without. Then for each group, 15 resin cement cylinders (AllCem Dual, FGM) were built up. All specimens were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 cycles) and to shear bonding strength testing (SBS) (100 kgf, 0.5 mm/min). Mean shear stresses (MPa) were statistically analyzed by three-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Weibull analysis. RESULTS The mean bond strength of group PIC-HFS-A (28.45 ± 7.6 MPa) was significantly higher than that of groups LS-HFS-A (12.11 ± 2.7MPa) and FDHFSA (20.86 ± 2.0MPa). Group PIC-HFS bond strength (25.02 ± 6.5 MPa) was significantly higher only when compared to group LS-HFS (15.82 ± 4.4 MPa). The LS group presented lower SBS compared to all other groups. No significant differences were found between HFS and MEP surface treatments. CONCLUSION Surface treatment with MEP promotes adhesion similar to that of HFS. Additional application of adhesive after the surface treatments did not improve the bond strength.
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Kongkiatkamon S, Peampring C. Effect of Speed Sintering on Low Temperature Degradation and Biaxial Flexural Strength of 5Y-TZP Zirconia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165272. [PMID: 36014509 PMCID: PMC9416714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Translucent zirconia is becoming the material of choice for the esthetic restorative material. We aimed to evaluate the surface structure, phase determination, translucency, and flexural strength of 5Y-TZP Zirconia (Katana STML Block and Disc) between the regular sintering and the speed sintering with and without low-temperature degradation (LTD). A total of 60 zirconia discs (30 per group; regular sintering and speed sintering) were used in this study. A CAM machine was used to mill cylinders out of the zirconia blanks and then cut into smaller discs. For the speed sintering, the zirconia blocks were milled into smaller discs. The zirconia discs were subjected to regular and speed sintering with and without LTD. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the zirconia specimens and the zirconia grain size. Furthermore, the zirconia specimens were analyzed for elemental analysis using energy dispersive spectroscopy and phase identification using X-ray diffraction. The zirconia specimens were subjected to translucency measurements and biaxial flexural strength testing. The results of the zirconia specimens were compared among the groups. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS version 20.0 to detect the statistically significant differences (p value = 0.05). A one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons was performed using Scheffe analysis among the groups. The speed sintering presented smaller grain sizes. The zirconia specimens with and without LTD in regular and speed sintering presented a similar surface structure. Regular sintering showed more translucency compared to speed sintering. Multiple comparisons of the translucency parameter were a significant difference (p value < 0.05) between the various groups except for the comparison between speed sintering and speed sintering LTD. The regular sintering showed bigger gain sizes and slightly more translucency compared to speed sintering. The speed sintering showed higher biaxial flexural strengths compared to regular sintering. This shows that speed sintering can be considered a suitable method of sintering zirconia.
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Švančárková A, Galusková D, Nowicka AE, Pálková H, Galusek D. Effect of Corrosive Media on the Chemical and Mechanical Resistance of IPS e.max ® CAD Based Li 2Si 2O 5 Glass-Ceramics. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:365. [PMID: 35009514 PMCID: PMC8746201 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The influence of 4% acetic acid (pH~2.4) and an alkaline solution of NaOH (pH~10) on the corrosion resistance and micromechanical properties of disilicate crystals containing glass-ceramics (LS2-GC's) is studied. Partially crystallized lithium metasilicate crystal containing glass-ceramics (LS-GC's) are annealed to fully LS2-GC's using a one stage and a two-stage heating to induce nucleation. Materials with various chemical and wear resistance are prepared. The content of the crystalline phase in the material annealed in the two-stage process A is 60.0% and increases to 72.2% for the material heated in the one-stage process B. The main elements leached in the acidic medium are lithium and phosphorus, while lithium, silicon, and phosphorus leached into the alkaline environment. Material B exhibits better chemical resistance to the corrosive influence of 4% acetic acid under quasi-dynamic conditions. In the alkaline corrosion medium, silicon is leached from material A faster compared to the material B. After prolonged exposure to acidic or basic environments, both materials show evidence of surface structural changes. A decrease of the sliding wear resistance is observed after corrosion in the acidic environment under dynamic conditions. In both materials, the wear rate increases after corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Švančárková
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trencin, Slovakia; (A.Š.); (D.G.); (A.E.N.)
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Galusková
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trencin, Slovakia; (A.Š.); (D.G.); (A.E.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Ewa Nowicka
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trencin, Slovakia; (A.Š.); (D.G.); (A.E.N.)
| | - Helena Pálková
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Dušan Galusek
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trencin, Slovakia; (A.Š.); (D.G.); (A.E.N.)
- Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChFT STU, 911 50 Trencin, Slovakia
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Chirca O, Biclesanu C, Florescu A, Stoia DI, Pangica AM, Burcea A, Vasilescu M, Antoniac IV. Adhesive-Ceramic Interface Behavior in Dental Restorations. FEM Study and SEM Investigation. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:5048. [PMID: 34501143 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the stress levels that act in inlay and onlay restorations, according to the direction and value of the external force applied. The study was conducted using the Finite Element Method (FEM) of three types of ceramics: pressed lithium disilicate and monolith, zirconia, and three different adhesive systems: self-adhesive, universal, and dual-cure cements. In addition to FEM, the inlay/onlay-dental structure interface analysis was performed by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The geometric models were reconstructed based on computer tomography images of an undamaged molar followed by geometrical procedures of inducing the inlay and onlay reconstructions. The two functional models were then simulated for different orientations of external force and different material properties, according to the considered adhesives and ceramics. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was conducted on 30 extracted teeth, divided into three groups according to the adhesive cement type. Both FEM simulation and SEM investigations reveal very good mechanical behavior of the adhesive-dental structure and adhesive-ceramic interfaces for inlay and onlay reconstructions. All results lead to the conclusion that a physiological mastication force applied, regardless of direction, cannot produce a mechanical failure of either inlay or onlay reconstructions. The adhesive bond between the restorations and the dental structure can stabilize the ceramic restorations, resulting in a higher strength to the action of external forces.
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Kongkiatkamon S, Booranasophone K, Tongtaksin A, Kiatthanakorn V, Rokaya D. Comparison of Fracture Load of the Four Translucent Zirconia Crowns. Molecules 2021; 26:5308. [PMID: 34500741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, translucent zirconia has become the most prevalent material used as a restorative material. This study aimed to compare the crown fracture load of the four most common different translucent zirconia brands available in the market at 1.5 mm thickness. Standardized tooth preparations for a full ceramic crown were designed digitally with software (AutoCAD) by placing a 1.0 mm chamfer margin and 1.5 mm occluso-cervical curvature for the crown sample manufacturing. Stylized crowns were chosen to control the thickness of the crown. The axial and occlusal thickness were standardized to 1.5 mm thickness except at the central pit, which was 1.3 mm thick. The STL file for the tooth dies was prepared using software (3Shape TRIOS® Patient Monitoring, Copenhagen, Denmark). The tooth dies were printed with a resin material (NextDent Model 2.0, Vertex-Dental B.V., Soesterberg, The Netherlands) using a 3D printing software (3D Sprint® Client Version 3.0.0.2494) from a 3D printer (NextDent™ 5100, Vertex-Dental B.V., Soesterberg, The Netherlands). The printing layer thickness was 50 µm. Then, a total of twenty-eight (N = 28) stylized crowns were milled out of AmannGirrbach (Amann Girrbach GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany) (n = 7), Cercon HT (Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) (n = 7), Cercon XT (Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) (n = 7), and Vita YZ XT (Zahnfabrik, Bäd Sackingen, Germany) (n = 7). Following sintering the crowns, sandblasting was performed and they were bonded to the tooth dies with the resin cement (RelyX U-200, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) and permitted to self-cure under finger pressure for 6 min. The crowns were loaded on the occlusal surface in a universal testing machine (MTS Centurion) with a stainless-steel ball indenter (7 mm radius) with a loading rate of 1 mm/min to contact the stylized crowns on each of the four cusps until failure. A rubber sheet (1.5 mm thickness) was positioned between the crown and indenter, which helped with the load distribution. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, USA). The fracture loads were analyzed using Dunnett’s T3 test, and the number of cracks was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test among the groups. The significant level was set at p value = 0.05. The mean fracture loads were 3086.54 ± 441.74 N, 4804.94 ± 70.12 N, 3317.76 ± 199.80 N, and 2921.87 ± 349.67 N for AmannGirrbac, Cercon HT, Cercon XT, and Vita YZ XT, respectively. The mean fracture loads for the surfaces with the greatest number of cracks (excluding the occlusal surfaces) were on the lingual surface for AmannGirrbach and Cercon HT, on the distal and mesial for Cercon XT, and on the buccal for Vita YZ XT. We found that the AmannGirrbach had the most overall cracks. Cercon XT had the greatest number of occlusal cracks and appeared to be the most shattered. Cercon HT had the least number of cracks. In conclusion, Cercon HT presented the best strength properties, the highest fracture load, and no visible cracks. AmannGirrbach presented the lowest strength properties.
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Yu Y, Cui M, Lin T, Liu C, Jin X, Chen H, Zheng R, Huang S, Ma J. Effect of zirconia surface modification using dopamine polymerisation on the shear bond strength of resin cement. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12797. [PMID: 34009679 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of polydopamine treatment on the surface properties and bond strength of yttria-stabilised tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP). Sixty-three zirconia blocks (10 × 10 × 2 mm) were randomly divided into three groups defined by surface treatment: (i) control group (C), (ii) grit-blasted with 110 μm alumina particles (GB), and (iii) polydopamine (PDA) coating. The surfaces of specimens subjected to different treatments were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and water contact angle measurements. After the surface treatments, the specimens were cemented to resin composite cylinders. After bonding, the shear bond strength of the ceramic to the resin was measured, and the failure mode of each specimen was analysed using a stereomicroscope. The results indicated that the shear bond strength is highest for the GB treatment and lowest for the controls. However, the difference between groups GB and PDA was not statistically significant. In the control group, adhesive failure was predominant, whereas in the treatment groups, mixed mode failure was predominant. The pre-treatment of Y-TZP ceramic with the polydopamine coating might improve the bond strength of the resin cement to the zirconia ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Maiyin Cui
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuantong Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruibin Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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31
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Kaczmarek K, Leniart A, Lapinska B, Skrzypek S, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Selected Spectroscopic Techniques for Surface Analysis of Dental Materials: A Narrative Review. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:2624. [PMID: 34067921 PMCID: PMC8156406 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The presented work focuses on the application of spectroscopic methods, such as Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry (MS), which are widely employed in the investigation of the surface properties of dental materials. Examples of the research of materials used as tooth fillings, surface preparation in dental prosthetics, cavity preparation methods and fractographic studies of dental implants are also presented. The cited studies show that the above techniques can be valuable tools as they are expanding the research capabilities of materials used in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrzej Leniart
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Slawomira Skrzypek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
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Xiao X, Li G, Li Z. Prediction of the Surface Roughness in Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of Dental Zirconia Ceramics Based on a Single-Diamond Grit Model. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:mi12050543. [PMID: 34068731 PMCID: PMC8151352 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding (UVAG) is regarded as a superior method for the fabrication of ceramic dentures, due to its outstanding performance in hard and brittle materials’ machining. The surface roughness of dentures has a critical effect on the bonding and wear performance between dentures and natural teeth. Accomplishing the prediction of surface roughness will promote the application of UVAG in dental restoration significantly. However, the investigation about surface roughness modeling in the UVAG of ceramics is limited. In this study, a comprehensive surface roughness model was proposed with the consideration of the diamond grits’ random distribution, brittle fracture removal, and ultrasonic vibration characteristics. Based on the indentation fracture removal mechanism, the material removal process was modeled. Rayleigh’s probability density function was introduced to characterize the random distribution of the grits. Besides, the ultrasonic vibration was considered via the analysis of the single-diamond grit motion. Finally, the comprehensive model was developed with the consideration of all the diamond grits. Afterward, the verification experiments were carried out. The experimental results agreed well with the model predictions. Therefore, the comprehensive model can be applied to evaluate the surface roughness and can provide an in-depth understanding of the surface formation in the UVAG of ceramics.
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33
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Czepułkowska-Pawlak W, Klimek L, Makówka M, Wołowiec-Korecka E. Effect of Ni-Cr Alloy Surface Abrasive Blasting on Its Wettability by Liquid Ceramics. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:2007. [PMID: 33923646 DOI: 10.3390/ma14082007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An adequate surface is essential in ensuring a solid bond between the metal and dental ceramics for metal framework wettability. This work is aimed at investigating the effect of variable abrasive blasting parameters on Ni-Cr alloy surface’s ability to be wetted with liquid ceramics at elevated temperatures. One-hundred and sixty-eight samples were divided into 12 groups (n = 14), which were sandblasted using variable parameters: type of abrasive (Al2O3 and SiC), the grain size of the abrasive (50, 110, and 250 µm), and processing pressure (400 and 600 kPa). After treatment, the samples were cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner and dried under compressed air. Dental ceramics were applied to the prepared surfaces via drops, and the wettability was tested in a vacuum oven at temperatures in the range of 850–1000 °C. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0.05). For all surfaces, the contact angles were less than 90° at temperatures below 875 °C. For Al2O3, the best wettability was observed for the smallest particles and, for SiC, the largest particles. The ability to wet the surface of a Ni-Cr alloy is related to its sandblasting properties, such as roughness or the percentage of embedded abrasive particles. It should not be the only factor determining the selection of abrasive blasting parameters when creating a prosthetic restoration.
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Skorulska A, Piszko P, Rybak Z, Szymonowicz M, Dobrzyński M. Review on Polymer, Ceramic and Composite Materials for CAD/CAM Indirect Restorations in Dentistry-Application, Mechanical Characteristics and Comparison. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:1592. [PMID: 33805176 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review article is to present various material groups, including ceramics, composites and hybrid materials, currently utilized in the field of CAD/CAM. The described technology is amongst the most important in modern prosthetics. Materials that are applicable in this technique are constantly tested, evaluated and improved. Nowadays, research on dental materials is carried out in order to meet the increasing demand on highly aesthetic and functional indirect restorations. Recent studies present the long-term clinical success of restorations made with the help of both ceramic and composite materials in the CAD/CAM method. However, new materials are developed and introduced that do not have long-term in vivo observations. We can outline a monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and zirconia teeth support that show promising results to date but require further assessment. The materials will be compared with regard to their mechanical and clinical properties, purpose, advantages and limitations.
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35
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Dallari G, Scalzo I, Rosati RM, Sampaio CS, Hirata R. Full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation of a severe case of erosion treated with v-shaped veneers. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:422-431. [PMID: 33460516 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate a minimally invasive approach of a full-mouth rehabilitation of a severe case of erosion treated with v-shaped veneers, tabletops, overlays, veneerlays, laminate veneers, and a full contour veneer. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS The present case report successfully rehabilitated a full-mouth case of severely eroded teeth with minimal healthy structure removal, maintaining viability of all teeth that were vital before the treatment started, and promoting long-lasting esthetic and functional results after 3 years of use. CONCLUSIONS A deep knowledge of etiology, etiopathogenesis, and classifications of dental erosion will guide the clinician in the right direction for solving this issue correctly, according to modern prosthetic and conservative principles. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dental erosion represents today a relatively widespread phenomenon among the global population and a significant challenge in each of its clinical stages for the clinicians who must treat it. In advanced stages, a careful evaluation phase of the case, a great patient motivation and a wise use of materials and clinical protocols are the success key of the case. Moreover, an advanced knowledge of adhesive dentistry is strictly required to successfully manage a severe erosion case with a modern and minimally invasive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Dallari
- Adjunct Professor at Prosthodontics Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Health Sciences PhD Program, Universidad Católica de Murcia UCAM, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Camila Sobral Sampaio
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronaldo Hirata
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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36
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Marsico C, Øilo M, Kutsch J, Kauf M, Arola D. Vat Polymerization-Printed Partially Stabilized Zirconia: Mechanical Properties, Reliability and Structural defects. Addit Manuf 2020; 36:101450. [PMID: 32793425 PMCID: PMC7418863 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics, particularly of zirconia, is becoming of increasing interest due to the substantial freedom available in the design and fabrication process. However, due to the novelty of the field and the challenges associated with printing dense bulk ceramics suitable for structural applications, thorough investigations that explore the effects of printing on the mechanical performance are limited. Previous work has identified anisotropy in the mechanical properties and attributed it to the layer-by-layer deposition. However, substantiated fractographic evidence detailing the origins and effects of layer lines on the probability of failure are limited. This study investigates the mechanical properties of a dense (>99 %TD), partially stabilized zirconia fabricated by a digital light projection printing method following ASTM standards. Hardness and strength evaluations were conducted, followed by a Weibull analysis and fractography. The investigation entailed five unique build directions and a conventionally manufactured reference material that was used as a control. Although the strengths were comparable to the reference material for some orientations, fracture frequently initiated at layer lines and related defects in all orientations. The findings indicate that if the layer lines can be prevented or engineered, the strength of vat printed ceramics can be improved substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carli Marsico
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marit Øilo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Jeff Kutsch
- Technology Assessment & Transfer, Inc., Millersville, MD, USA
| | - Mark Kauf
- Technology Assessment & Transfer, Inc., Millersville, MD, USA
| | - Dwayne Arola
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA USA
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington Seattle, WA USA
- Department of Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry, University of Washington Seattle, WA USA
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37
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Zakir T, Dandekeri S, Suhaim KS, Shetty NHG, Ragher M, Shetty SK. Influence of Aerated Drink, Mouthwash, and Simulated Gastric Acid on the Surface Roughness of Dental Ceramics: A Comparative In Vitro Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S480-S487. [PMID: 33149509 PMCID: PMC7595452 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_143_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental ceramics are known for their natural appearance and their durable chemical and optical properties, and their uses mainly reflect their excellent aesthetic properties, biocompatibility and resistance to wear. In addition, dental ceramics are considered to be chemically inert restorative material with large differences in the chemical compositions and microstructures. Although ceramics exhibit excellent physical properties and biocompatibility, the oral environment presents a series of external factors that affect its physical and mechanical properties in its long term function. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the surface roughness of 2 dental ceramics (Noritake® & IPS Emax ceram) before and after exposure to an aerated drink, a mouthwash and simulated vomit solution with distilled water. Materials and Methods: 128 ceramic discs were made, 16 for each of the 4 groups of 2 ceramics to be tested. It was fabricated in the form of discs of diameter 10 mm × 2 mm thickness. The test specimens were calibrated by grinding, using a medium grit diamond bur. Both the above specimens were divided into 4 groups of 16 each. They were then subjected to test solutions. Each specimen in a group was immersed in the following solutions: Coca-Cola, chlorhexidine mouthwash, simulated vomit solution and distilled water. Results: The results analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA (analysis of variance), paired t test and independent t test. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the surface roughness of the evaluated ceramics increased upon exposure to Coca-Cola, chlorhexidine mouthwash and simulated vomit solution. Simulated vomit solution caused the maximum change in surface roughness followed by coca cola and then chlorhexidine mouthwash. No changes were observed after immersion in distilled water. Noritake® showed slightly more resistance to change in surface profile when compared to IPS e.max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehseen Zakir
- K. R. Garden, Murugeshpalya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Savita Dandekeri
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Karkala S Suhaim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Naresh H G Shetty
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Ragher
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanath K Shetty
- Department of Prosthodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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38
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Skjold A, Schriwer C, Gjerdet NR, Øilo M. Effect of artificial aging on high translucent dental zirconia: simulation of early failure. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 128:526-534. [PMID: 33058363 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Higher yttria content enhances the translucency and appearance of dental zirconia materials. Alterations in material composition also affect mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to compare the fracture load after artificial short-term aging of monolithic, full-contour zirconia crowns with different amounts of yttria-stabilization. Sixty crowns (thirty super high translucent crowns (5Y-Z) and thirty high translucent crowns (3Y-Z)) were produced to fit a model of a premolar with a shallow chamfer preparation. The crowns were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement on composite abutments. For each zirconia type, three groups of crowns (n = 10) were allocated to: (i) cyclic loading (200 N, 1 Hz, 30,000 cycles), (ii) hydrothermal aging (3 × 20 min, 134°C 3.2 bar), or (iii) no treatment (control). Surviving crowns from the aging process were quasistatically loaded until fracture. The 3Y-Z crowns had statistically significantly higher fracture values (3,449 N) than the 5Y-Z crowns (1,938 N). The aging procedures did not affect load at fracture. Fractographic analysis showed that fractures started either at the crown margin or at the occlusal intaglio area. Higher yttria content leads to a reduction in material strength and damage tolerance, and this should be reflected in recommendations for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneli Skjold
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Schriwer
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils R Gjerdet
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marit Øilo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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39
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Lebedenko IY, Dyakonenko EE, Sakhabieva DA, Llaka E. [Translucent zirconia ceramics for fabrication of monolithic restorations: review. Part 1]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2020; 99:111-115. [PMID: 33034187 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202099051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Translucent zirconia ceramics for fabrication monolithic restorations is a ceramic material of latest generation. The objective of this literature review is discussing the ways to increase the transparency of zirconia, novel technologies of its manufacturing (part 1) and laboratory procedures for fabrication translucent zirconia restorations, factors affecting the transparency, optical and physico-mechanical properties of the material, as well as indications for its use (part 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Lebedenko
- National Medical Research Center of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E E Dyakonenko
- National Medical Research Center of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Sakhabieva
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Llaka
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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40
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Valizadeh S, Mahmoudi Nahavandi A, Daryadar M, Özcan M, Hashemikamangar SS. The effect of ceramic thickness on opalescence. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:693-699. [PMID: 32902165 PMCID: PMC7745071 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Creating a tooth‐like appearance by use of dental ceramics is still a challenge. Opalescence is a unique property of dental enamel, attempted to be mimicked by dental restorative materials. This study aimed to assess the effect of ceramic thickness on opalescence. Materials and methods Twenty‐four discs were fabricated of feldspathic ceramic, IPS e.max, zirconia and Enamic ceramics with 10 mm diameter and 0.5 and 1 mm thicknesses (n = 12). The opalescence of ceramic specimens was calculated by measuring the difference in yellow‐blue axis (CIE ∆b*) and red‐green axis (CIE ∆a*) between the transmitted and reflected spectra. One‐way ANOVA was applied to compare the opalescence of different ceramic specimens with variable thicknesses at .05 level of significance. Results The opalescence of feldspathic, IPS e.max, zirconia and Enamic ceramic specimens with 0.5 mm thickness was 1.06 ± 0.15, 3.39 ± 0.15, 1.98 ± 0.15 and 1.44 ± 0.15, respectively. By increasing the thickness to 1 mm, the opalescence of feldspathic, IPS e.max, zirconia and Enamic ceramics changed to 1.12 ± 0.15, 1.47 ± 0.15, 3.85 ± 0.15 and 2.00 ± 0.15, respectively. In all groups except for IPS e.max, the mean opalescence of 1‐mm‐thick specimens was higher than that of 0.5‐mm‐thick specimens. Conclusion Type and thickness of ceramic affect its opalescence. The opalescence of all ceramic specimens tested in this study with 0.5 and 1 mm thicknesses was lower than that of the enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Valizadeh
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mahmoudi Nahavandi
- Color Imaging and Color Image Processing Department, Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Daryadar
- Restorative Dentist, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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41
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Hein S, Modrić D, Westland S, Tomeček M. Objective shade matching, communication, and reproduction by combining dental photography and numeric shade quantification. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:107-117. [PMID: 32840048 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The subject of this case report is the application of a newly developed workflow for objective shade communication sans visual shade assessment or the use of shade guides. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS Clinical complications stemming from issues relating to esthetic integration can present a burden on the restorative team, often resulting in strenuous relationships among its members. The faithful imitation of the optical appearance of dental hard tissues with direct- and indirect restorations has been at the center of interest in a great number of publications from the realm of esthetic dentistry over the past 40 years. The present report describes a new approach to objective shade communication, by transcending the role of dental photography from its purely descriptive purpose to the level of quantification, thus abandoning the use of the established shading regimes and replacing them with a patient personal shade recipe based on the CIELAB color space instead. CONCLUSIONS Objective shade communication is possible with the eLAB system by combining numeric shade quantification with dental photography. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The eLAB system presents a viable alternative to the traditional approach to shade communication and shade matching in dentistry.
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42
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Noronha MDS, Fronza BM, André CB, de Castro EF, Soto-Montero J, Price RB, Giannini M. Effect of zirconia decontamination protocols on bond strength and surface wettability. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 32:521-529. [PMID: 32598095 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of human saliva decontamination protocols on bond strength of resin cement to zirconia (Y-PSZ), wettability, and microbial decontamination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zirconia plates were sandblasted and divided into (a) not contaminated, (b) contaminated with human saliva and: (c) not cleaned, (d) cleaned with air-water spray, (e) cleaned with 70% ethanol, (f) cleaned with Ivoclean, or (g) cleaned with nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP). The wettability and microbial decontamination of the surfaces were determined after saliva contamination or cleaning. Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent) was applied after cleaning, followed by Variolink LC (Ivoclar Vivadent). The samples were stored 1 week before shear bond strength (SBS) testing, and data (SBS and wettability) were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (α = .05). RESULTS Saliva contamination reduced SBS to zirconia compared to not contaminated. Both Ivoclean and NTAP produced higher SBS compared to not cleaned and were not significantly different from the not contaminated. Ivoclean produced the highest contact angle, and NTAP the lowest. With the exception of using just water-spray, all cleaning protocols decontaminated the specimens. CONCLUSIONS Both Ivoclean and NTAP overcame the effects of saliva contamination, producing an SBS to zirconia comparable to the positive control. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dental ceramics should be cleaned prior to resin cementation to eliminate the effects of human saliva contamination, and Ivoclean and NTAP are considered suitable materials for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Dos Santos Noronha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marin Fronza
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bosso André
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernandes de Castro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge Soto-Montero
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Costa Rica - School of Dentistry University, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Richard Bengt Price
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Lebedenko IY, Dyakonenko EE, Sakhabieva DA, Llaka E. [Translucent zirconia ceramics for fabrication monolithic restorations: review. Part 2]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2020; 99:101-106. [PMID: 33267553 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202099061101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Translucent zirconia ceramics for fabrication monolithic restorations is a ceramic material of latest generation. The objective of this literature review is discussing the ways to increase the transparency of zirconia, novel technologies of its manufacturing (part 1) and laboratory procedures for fabrication translucent zirconia restorations, factors affecting the transparency, optical and physico-mechanical properties of the material, as well as indications for its use (part 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Lebedenko
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E E Dyakonenko
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Sakhabieva
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Llaka
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Khan AA, Al-Khureif AA, Saadaldin SA, Mohamed BA, Musaibah ASO, Divakar DD, Eldwakhly E. Graphene oxide-based experimental silane primers enhance shear bond strength between resin composite and zirconia. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:570-576. [PMID: 31823433 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite various mechanical and chemical surface-pretreatment methods, long-term bonding of resin composite to dental zirconia (ZrO2 ) remains a major concern. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) sheets were infused into two commercially available primers and the enclosed mould shear bond strength (EM-SBS) of resin composite to ZrO2 was evaluated. Twelve fully sintered ZrO2 blanks were pretreated and randomly allocated to four groups according to the primers used: RelyX (RX); GO blended RelyX (RXGO); Monobond-S (MB); and GO blended Monobond-S (MBGO). The resin composite stubs were bonded onto the pretreated ZrO2 surfaces and analysed at baseline and after storage in distilled water for 2 and 4 months. The experimental primers blended with GO sheets influenced the surface morphology, visualized as increased surface roughness, and slightly increased the water contact angle measurements. Moreover, the infusion of primers with GO increased the mass fraction (wt%) of carbon and oxygen. The highest EM-SBS values were found for RXGO, with mean (SD) EM-SBS values of 26.4 (3.7) MPa and 21.5 (5.1) MPa after 2 and 4 months of storage, respectively. Infusion of silane primers with nanometre- to micrometre-size GO sheets enhanced the SBS between resin composite and ZrO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab A Khan
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Khureif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selma A Saadaldin
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badreldin A Mohamed
- Community Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abobaker S O Musaibah
- Public Health Department, College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan D Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elzahraa Eldwakhly
- Clinical Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Andreiuolo RF, Abreu JLBD, Hirata R. The use of retraction paste to simplify impression and cementation of ceramic veneers and crowns: 3-year follow-up report. Quintessence Int 2019; 50:604-610. [PMID: 31286117 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a42694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Proper gingival displacement is an important prerequisite to obtain good quality impressions. Retraction pastes could eliminate the need for retraction cords, as they have advantages such as comfort reported by patients, faster technique, ease of use, no need for anesthesia, and reduced tissue trauma. The objective of this paper was to present a clinical case of ceramic veneers and crowns in which a retraction paste was used for gingival displacement during both the impression and cementation stages, with 3 years of follow-up. Treatment planning consisted of the replacement of preexisting crowns and ceramic veneers on the anterior teeth. After finishing the preparations, gingival displacement with Astringent Retraction Paste was performed without anesthesia or the use of cords and the impression was taken. Before cementation of the crowns and veneers, the Astringent Retraction Paste was applied. Avoiding the use of cords during cementation prevented trauma. The soft tissue margins remained stable and healthy after a period of 3 years. It can be concluded that retraction pastes could be indicated for displacement of soft tissue when preparation margins are at the gingival level or slightly intrasulcular prior to impressions, restoration cementations, direct restorations, and before relining provisional restorations. Clinical significance: The impression appointment can be traumatic to some patients. The use of cords for gingival displacement usually requires local anesthesia and is time consuming. Retraction astringent pastes instead of cords seems to be a good option for some cases in gingival tissue displacement.
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Methani MM, Revilla-León M, Zandinejad A. The potential of additive manufacturing technologies and their processing parameters for the fabrication of all-ceramic crowns: A review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:182-192. [PMID: 31701629 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article aims to provide a review of the additive manufacturing technologies and the processing parameters that have been investigated for the fabrication of all ceramic crowns. OVERVIEW Additive manufacturing has crept its way into the field of dentistry for the fabrication of resin and metal prosthesis. To evaluate the current status of additive manufacturing for the fabrication of all ceramic crowns, literature review was targeted to include publications pertaining to the fabrication of dental ceramics and all ceramic crowns. With respect to the additive manufacturing of dental ceramics, five technologies have been investigated to date: stereolithography, material extrusion, powder based fusion, direct inkjet printing, and binder jetting. The processing parameters and experimental outcomes were collated and described for each of the aforementioned technologies. CONCLUSION Additive manufacturing has demonstrated promising experimental outcomes and corroborated to the fabrication all ceramic crowns. However, the technology is yet to witness a commercial breakthrough within this domain. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Additive manufacturing mitigates raw material wastage and tooling stresses that are associated with milling of ceramics. Continued research and development can lead to its approbation as an alternate technology for manufacturing all ceramic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- AEGD residency, Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.,Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amirali Zandinejad
- AEGD residency, Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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Yadav JS, Dabas N, Bhargava A, Malhotra P, Yadav B, Sehgal M. Comparing two intraoral porcelain repair systems for shear bond strength in repaired cohesive and adhesive fractures, for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019; 19:362-368. [PMID: 31649446 PMCID: PMC6803804 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_120_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The objective of research was to evaluate the shear bond strength of two commercially available intraoral porcelain repair systems, Clearfil repair system (Kuraray) and P and R repair system (Shofu) for repairing cohesive and adhesive fracture in metal-ceramic restorations. Settings and Design In vivo - comparative study. Materials and Methods Ninety samples of Nickel-Chromium metal discs were fabricated. Each disc was veneered with 2 mm thickness of ceramic material using custom made metal jig. Samples were divided into control (Group I n = 10) and two test groups (Group II n = 40 and Group III n = 40). Adhesive and cohesive fractures were created in test group samples, Group II (Ceramic substrate or cohesive defect) and Group III (metal substrate or adhesive defect). The samples of ceramic substrate (Group II) and metal substrate (Group III) were further subdivided into A and B containing 20 samples each according to the repair material used (A; Clearfil porcelain repair system and B; P and R porcelain repair system). All specimens were subjected to a standard shear load in the UTM until fracture occurred. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni test. Statistical Analysis used One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Bonferroni test. Results Clearfil repair system showed significantly higher shear bond strength value (29.16 Mpa) as compared to P and R repair system (27.23 Mpa) for cohesive fractures. Whereas if compared for repairing adhesive fractures P and R repair system had significantly higher shear bond strength values (26.59 Mpa) than Clearfil repair system (25.74 Mpa). Conclusions From the present study, it was be concluded that for cohesive fracture Clearfil repair system is a better material and for adhesive fractures P and R repair material gives better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaiveer Singh Yadav
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Nupur Dabas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Akshay Bhargava
- Department of Prosthodontics, ITS Dental College, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Puja Malhotra
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Bhupender Yadav
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Manoti Sehgal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Alshamrani AA, De Souza GM. Effect of ionizing radiation on mechanical properties and translucency of monolithic zirconia. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1068-1076. [PMID: 31410974 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of radiation therapy (RT) on mechanical properties and translucency of monolithic zirconia. Yttria- stabilized zirconia (Y-PSZ) materials (14 × 4.0 × 1.5 mm) were divided in four experimental groups (n = 30): High-translucency/control (HT/C), high-translucency/irradiated (HT/I), low-translucency/control (LT/C), low-translucency/irradiated (LT/I). Irradiated specimens were submitted to a single dose irradiation of 70 Gray. Flexural strength (n = 10) (FS-3-point bending test), fatigue limits (n = 15) at 100,000 cycles (FLs-staircase approach), and translucency (n = 5) (TP-dental spectrometer) were analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the materials. FS and TP data were analyzed by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD. FLs were analyzed using Dixon and Mood method, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RT affected FS of LT zirconia (p = .032) but not of HT zirconia (p = .86). FLs and TP of both materials were not affected by RT (p > .05). Higher cubic content after RT was observed. In conclusion, RT may affect flexural strength and crystalline content of zirconia-based materials, but this effect was not observed under fatigue. Translucency of Y-PSZ restorations is also not affected by RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alshamrani
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Grace M De Souza
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Şahin V, Gülgezen Aydın H, Akyel A, Uludağ BC. The effect of repetitive firings on the color of an alumina ceramic system with varying ceramic shade and thickness. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:471-477. [PMID: 31095855 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The color of all-ceramic restorations is one of the main criteria to achieve esthetical success. Many factors such as ceramic thickness, condensation techniques, firing temperature, and numbers can affect the final color of restoration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the color changes in alumina-based ceramic system according to ceramic shade and thickness during the multiple firings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty disc-shaped specimens with two different veneering porcelain shades (A1 or A3), and with three different ceramic thicknesses (0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm), were fabricated from an alumina-based ceramic system. Multiple firings (3, 5, 7, or 9 firings) were performed, and color changes (ΔE00 ) were determined using a spectrophotometer. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The Duncan test was used for multiple comparisons (α = .05). RESULTS The L*a*b* values of the specimens were affected by the number of firings (3, 5, 7, or 9), veneering ceramic shades (A1 or A3) and veneering ceramic thicknesses (0.5, 1, or 1.5 mm). Significant interactions were present between the number of firings, veneering ceramic shade, and veneering ceramic thickness for L* (p < .001), a* (p < .001), and b* (p < .001) values. CONCLUSIONS No statistically significant color change was observed between 3rd and 9th firings. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Veneering ceramic shade, veneering ceramic thickness, and number of firings should be carefully considered to obtain an acceptable color match of the definitive restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Şahin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Hilal Gülgezen Aydın
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Alim Akyel
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
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Hsu SM, Ren F, Abdulhameed N, Kim M, Neal D, Esquivel-Upshaw J. Comprehensive analysis of laserscanner validity used for measurement of wear. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 46:503-510. [PMID: 30759313 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to test the hypotheses that (a) a laserscanner used for measuring maximum depth and volume loss will yield the same results as a surface profilometer; (b) the surface roughness will affect the maximum depth and volume loss measured with the laserscanner; (c) analytical results using the laserscanner from multiple operators have no more than 10% inter-rater difference and; (d) replicating samples using either stone or impression material is an accurate method for measuring wear using the laserscanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS The volume and maximum depth of indentations from fine, medium and rough burs on glass-ceramic disks were measured using two devices, a surface profilometer (Dektak II, Veeco) and a 3D Laserscanner (LAS-20, SD Mechatronik). Replicates of the indentations made from polyvinysiloxane impression material and gypsum were also measured. RESULTS Comparison of profilometer and laserscanner readings using ceramic disks demonstrated a mean error of 13.61% for depth and 25.32% for volume. Replication errors were minimal (2.6% for impression, 2.5% for stone). Surface profilometer data for volume measurements revealed a difference of 6.1% for impression and 6.5% for stone compared with ceramics. However, when measurements for replicates were compared between laserscanner and surface profilometer, depth had a mean error of 74% for impression and 51% for stone. Volume differences of 78% for impression and 44% for stone were recorded. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated that the laserscanner was a convenient device for measuring wear but there is a need to validate the accuracy of the measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Min Hsu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Fan Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida College of Engineering, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nader Abdulhameed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Dan Neal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Josephine Esquivel-Upshaw
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida
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