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Mahmood NMA. Protective effects of Azilsartan against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in rats model. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae027. [PMID: 38450178 PMCID: PMC10913384 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an effective alkylating anticancer agent that is widely used in cancer chemotherapy, and it can cause ototoxicity and infertility in women. Objectives So, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Azilsartan (AZ) as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in a rat model of CP-induced ovarian toxicity. Materials and Methods After receiving the 28 female Wister rats, they were acclimatized in proper environmental conditions for a week and then randomly divided into four groups based on the study protocol. After 15 days of the experiment, they were sacrificed, and organs were collected for biomarker detection (Using the ELISA technique) and histopathological analysis. Results The level of IL-10 was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in all treated groups compared to control hostile groups, while the TNF-α level was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in AZ (220.67 ± 7.88 ng/mL) and AZ + CP groups (221.78 ± 9.11 ng/mL) compared to control negative/CP groups. Regarding the oxidative biomarker level, a significant increase was only found in the AZ + CP group (176.02 ± 6.71 nmol/mL) compared to the control negative group. On the other hand, histopathological findings revealed that ovarian sections in animals that received a single dose of CP had severe ovarian atrophy with significant follicular regression and deterioration, as well as depletion of stromal supportive tissues. Conclusions Azilsartan drastically reduced CP-induced ovarian toxicity in vivo by enhancing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory effects in ovarian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naza Mohammed Ali Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Madam Meteeran Street, Sulaimaniyah 0046, Iraq
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Yoneda A, de Lacerda K, Alexandre-Santos L, Itikawa E, Louzada-Junior P, Wichert-Ana L. Temporal evolution of postsurgical bone repair in a rabbit model: A [99mTc]Tc-MDP scintigraphic study. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e12953. [PMID: 38511767 PMCID: PMC10946240 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is crucial for repairing bone tissue following various injuries. Research techniques that enable the study of metabolic changes in bone tissue under different conditions are important for understanding bone repair and remodeling. This study used bone scintigraphy to evaluate osteogenesis secondary to osteotomy in a preclinical model of New Zealand rabbits. For this purpose, we conducted a longitudinal, prospective, case-control study in which scintigraphic variables were measured in both the right forearm (case-operated) and the left forearm (control - non-operated). The study sample consisted of 10 rabbits subjected to osteotomy, followed by a 12-week postoperative evaluation period, divided into six imaging stages at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. We observed that the operated forearm showed significantly higher external radiation than the control side, using the pinhole collimator, denoting an increase in the biodistribution and tropism of the radiopharmaceutical to the operated forearm. Among the three evaluated time points, osteoblastic activity was highest in the second week and presented a significant decline in the 8th and 12th weeks, denoting regeneration and resolution of the surgical injury; the control forearm was also influenced by the inactivity imposed by the operated forearm. This fact was notably evidenced by the reduction in the metabolic activity of osteoblasts in the left forearm. Our study suggested that bone scintigraphy was sensitive enough to semi-quantitatively differentiate the metabolic activity of osteoblasts in the operated forearm in the three temporal landmarks evaluated in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Yoneda
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear e PET/CT, Departamento de Imagem Médica, Hematologia e Oncologia Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - K.J.C.C. de Lacerda
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear e PET/CT, Departamento de Imagem Médica, Hematologia e Oncologia Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - L. Alexandre-Santos
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear e PET/CT, Departamento de Imagem Médica, Hematologia e Oncologia Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - E.N. Itikawa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - P. Louzada-Junior
- Divisão de Reumatologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - L. Wichert-Ana
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear e PET/CT, Departamento de Imagem Médica, Hematologia e Oncologia Clínica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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Zych D, Kubis M. Bromopyrene Symphony: Synthesis and Characterisation of Isomeric Derivatives at Non-K Region and Nodal Positions for Diverse Functionalisation Strategies. Molecules 2024; 29:1131. [PMID: 38474643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyrene, a renowned aromatic hydrocarbon, continues to captivate researchers due to its versatile properties and potential applications across various scientific domains. Among its derivatives, bromopyrenes stand out for their significance in synthetic chemistry, materials science, and environmental studies. The strategic functionalisation of pyrene at non-K region and nodal positions is crucial for expanding its utility, allowing for diverse functionalisation strategies. Bromo-substituted precursors serve as vital intermediates in synthetic routes; however, the substitution pattern of bromoderivatives significantly impacts their subsequent functionalisation and properties, posing challenges in synthesis and purification. Understanding the distinct electronic structure of pyrene is pivotal, dictating the preferential electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions at specific positions. Despite the wealth of literature, contradictions and complexities persist in synthesising suitably substituted bromopyrenes due to the unpredictable nature of substitution reactions. Building upon historical precedents, this study provides a comprehensive overview of bromine introduction in pyrene derivatives, offering optimised synthesis conditions based on laboratory research. Specifically, the synthesis of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrabromopyrene isomers at non-K positions (1-, 3-, 6-, 8-) and nodal positions (2-, 7-) is systematically explored. By elucidating efficient synthetic methodologies and reaction conditions, this research contributes to advancing the synthesis and functionalisation strategies of pyrene derivatives, unlocking new possibilities for their utilisation in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Zych
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Martyna Kubis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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Thomsen AV, Al-Karagholi MAM, Hougaard A, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OB, Hansen TF, Ashina M. Investigations of the migraine-provoking effect of levcromakalim in patients with migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 2024; 44:3331024241237247. [PMID: 38501895 DOI: 10.1177/03331024241237247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/HYPOTHESIS Experimental provocation studies have yielded important insights in migraine pathophysiology. Levcromakalim has been previously shown to induce migraine-like attacks with and without aura. In this study, we aim to further explore the migraine aura-inducing potential of levcromakalim. METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over study, 27 adult participants with migraine with aura received intravenous infusions of levcromakalim and saline. Headache, aura and associated symptoms were evaluated for 24 hours following administration of the study drug. The primary endpoint was occurrence of migraine-like attacks with or without aura in the 24-hour observation period. RESULTS Thirteen participants developed migraine-like attacks on the active day only (P = 0.0098), and four participants developed aura on the active day only (P = 0.68). The median time to onset of migraine-like headache was three hours, and the median time to onset of aura was 27.5 minutes. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Our findings affirm the potent migraine-inducing effect of levcromakalim. We observed a lower induction-rate of migraine aura than previously reported. Further studies are warranted to identify predictors of migraine aura following levcromakalim. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT04905654.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Vinther Thomsen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Hougaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Brunak Lab, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Messoud Ashina
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Knowledge Center on Headache Disorders, Glostrup, Denmark
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Attal H, Huang Z, Kuan WS, Weng Y, Tan HY, Seow E, Peng LL, Lim HC, Chow A. N-of-1 Trials of Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions to Optimize Antibiotic Prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Emergency Departments: Protocol for a Quasi- Experimental Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e50417. [PMID: 38381495 PMCID: PMC10918537 DOI: 10.2196/50417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial stewardship programs attempting to optimize antibiotic therapy and clinical outcomes mainly focus on inpatient and outpatient settings. The lack of antimicrobial stewardship program studies in the emergency department (ED) represents a gap in tackling the problem of antimicrobial resistance as EDs treat a substantial number of upper respiratory tract infection cases throughout the year. OBJECTIVE We intend to implement two evidence-based interventions: (1) patient education and (2) providing physician feedback on their prescribing rates. We will incorporate evidence from a literature review and contextualizing the interventions based on findings from a local qualitative study. METHODS Our study uses a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effects of interventions over time in the EDs of 4 public hospitals in Singapore. We will include an initial control period of 18 months. In the next 6 months, we will randomize 2 EDs to receive 1 intervention (ie, patient education) and the other 2 EDs to receive the alternative intervention (ie, physician feedback). All EDs will receive the second intervention in the subsequent 6 months on top of the ongoing intervention. Data will be collected for another 6 months to assess the persistence of the intervention effects. The information leaflets will be handed to patients at the EDs before they consult with the physician, while feedback to individual physicians by senior doctors is in the form of electronic text messages. The feedback will contain the physicians' antibiotic prescribing rate compared with the departments' overall antibiotic prescribing rate and a bite-size message on good antibiotic prescribing practices. RESULTS We will analyze the data using segmented regression with difference-in-difference estimation to account for concurrent cluster comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Our proposed study assesses the effectiveness of evidence-based, context-specific interventions to optimize antibiotic prescribing in EDs. These interventions are aligned with Singapore's national effort to tackle antimicrobial resistance and can be scaled up if successful. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05451863; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05451836. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/50417.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hersh Attal
- Accident & Emergency Department, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhilian Huang
- Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Win Sen Kuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yanyi Weng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hann Yee Tan
- Acute and Emergency Care Department, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eillyne Seow
- Acute and Emergency Care Department, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Lee Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hoon Chin Lim
- Accident & Emergency Department, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela Chow
- Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Herek D, Çakmak V, Çomut E, Herek Ö. The value of multimodal ultrasonography in the evaluation of late presenting testicular torsion in a rat experimental model. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:377-385. [PMID: 38302083 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the value of multimodal ultrasonography (US) in a rat experimental torsion model after 6 h of torsion with different degrees. METHODS Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups. Left testes of the rats were twisted around their vascular pedicle 360 degrees in group 1, 720 degrees in group 2, and 1080 degrees in group 3 and intact right testes of the rats were accepted as control group. Grey-scale US, superb microvascular imaging (SMI), colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), strain elastography (SE), and two-dimensional (2-D) shear wave elastography (SWE) examinations were applied 6 h after torsion procedure and testes were removed for pathological evaluation. RESULTS Short-axis dimensions and volumes of the torsion side were higher than control testes. Lengths of the testes in the 3rd torsion group were smaller than the testes in groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.002). SMI was better than CDUS in recognizing blood flow in testicular tissue. Strain ratios were higher in group 1 and decreased with the increasing torsion degree. Emean and standard deviation (SD) measurements increased in the torsion side. Pathologically the mean testicular damage scores were statistically significant between torsion and control testes in all groups. CONCLUSION Our results showed that short-axis and volume measurements, SMI, 2D-SWE, and SE are effective in the evaluation and diagnosis of testicular torsion (TT). ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Evaluation of affected testis and intact testis with multiparametric US in late presenting TT cases is more reliable than being dependent on a single sonographic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Herek
- Pamukkale University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Denizli, 20160, Turkey
| | - Vefa Çakmak
- Pamukkale University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Denizli, 20160, Turkey
| | - Erdem Çomut
- Pamukkale University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Denizli, 20160, Turkey
| | - Özkan Herek
- Pamukkale University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Denizli, 20160, Turkey
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Karaca O, Çınarcık BŞ, Aşık A, Sağlam C, Yiğit Y, Hakverdi G, Yetkiner AA, Ersin N. Impact of fully online flipped classroom on academic achievement in undergraduate dental education: An experimental study. Eur J Dent Educ 2024; 28:212-226. [PMID: 37574773 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The last two decades have seen a shift towards blended learning in education due to technological advancements. This study focuses on dental education, comparing two blended learning models -enriched virtual and fully online flipped classroom - in terms of academic achievement, aligning with the Association for Dental Education in Europe's competencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was modelled in a quantitative design with a pre-post-test control group experimental design. The study was conducted at Ege University Faculty of Dentistry in Turkey for 4 weeks with the experimental (n = 44) and control (n = 39) groups divided into two groups by impartial assignment. To the experimental group, the theoretical part of the course was tried to be conveyed before each lesson with video lessons prepared with EdPuzzle containing reinforcement questions and a question set consisting of case questions. The practical learning objectives of the course were tried to be gained through the discussion of the previously presented case questions in the online synchronous course. As tools for collecting data, a unique academic achievement test, a course evaluation form and a semi-structured qualitative data collection form were used. RESULTS It was seen that the flipped classroom model had a more positive effect on students' academic achievement than the enriched virtual classroom model. The general satisfaction levels of the participants regarding these two models are also higher in favour of the flipped classroom model. CONCLUSION This study provides significant findings for educational institutions, policymakers and educators about the impact of fully online teaching methods on academic achievement. In this context, the flipped classroom method can be preferred both in cases where education is blocked and in dental education institutions that want to ensure digital transformation efficiently and partially remotely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Karaca
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Buğse Şakı Çınarcık
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Aşık
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ceren Sağlam
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Yiğit
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gülden Hakverdi
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Arzu Aykut Yetkiner
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nazan Ersin
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Dutil C, Podinic I, Featherstone RB, Eaton A, Sadler CM, Goldfield GS, Hadjiyannakis S, Gruber R, Tremblay MS, Prud'homme D, Chaput JP. Sleep and insulin sensitivity in adolescents at risk of type 2 diabetes: the Sleep Manipulation in Adolescents at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (SMART2D)randomized crossover study. Sleep 2023:zsad313. [PMID: 38070132 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of increasing sleep duration for 1 week, compared to a week of habitual and decreased sleep, on insulin sensitivity(IS) in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes(T2D). METHODS Adolescents, 13-18y old, at risk for T2D, with obesity and other risk factors, were recruited for a randomized(1:1), open-label, sex-stratified crossover study, that manipulated time-in-bed to modify sleep duration (measured by actigraphy). Following a week of habitual(HB) sleep, time-in-bed was increased(IN) and decreased(DE) by 1h30min/night for 1 week, counterbalanced across participants(HBINDE or HBDEIN), and separated by a week of washout sleep. The main outcome measure was IS, obtained via 2-h oral-glucose-tolerance-test conducted after each sleep week. RESULTS Of the 43 participants recruited, 36(84%) completed all sleep interventions (52.8% female, age=15.1y, body-mass-index=99.9th percentile, order: HBINDE=18 and HBDEIN=18). On average, during the HB week, participants slept 7h31min/night; sleep duration was 1h02min/night higher during the IN week and 1h19min/night lower during the DE week. We found a significant effect of sleep week on IS with a large effect size. Following the IN sleep week, IS was 20% higher compared to after the HB and DE sleep weeks, but there was no significant difference in IS following HB versus DE sleep weeks. CONCLUSION Whenever possible, clinicians should empower youth at risk of T2D to improve their sleep duration, since even a modest increase in sleep duration of 1h/night for one-week can have a positive impact on IS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irina Podinic
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan B Featherstone
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Healthy Active Living (CHAL), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amelia Eaton
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christin M Sadler
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stasia Hadjiyannakis
- Centre for Healthy Active Living (CHAL), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Université de Moncton, Moncton, New-Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Çetin E, Sancak T, Keleş ÖF, Ünlü İ, Akyol ME, Arabacı Ö. Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the effect of Shilajit in rats with experimental spinal cord injury. ULUS TRAVMA ACIL CER 2023; 29:1329-1334. [PMID: 38073457 PMCID: PMC10767290 DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2023.60621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This experimental study was designed to investigate the histopathological and immunohistochemical effects of Shilajit in rats with experimentally induced spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS The rats were divided into three groups: Control group: The group in which spinal cord damage was created but no drug was administered. Low-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 150 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. High-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 250 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. Thin sections taken from the spinal cord after euthanasia were sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS Histopathological examination of the high-dose group showed lower amounts of morphological findings compared to the low-dose group and control group. While a significant CD68 immune reaction was observed in the control group of rats with spinal injury, the positive immune reaction was found to be significantly decreased in the Shilajit-applied groups. CONCLUSION It is thought that the use of Shilajit in SCI will reduce the effects of secondary damage in SCI and that its administra-tion to such patients will have positive effects on the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyüp Çetin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Health Sciences University Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul-Türkiye
| | - Tunahan Sancak
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas-Türkiye
| | - Ömer Faruk Keleş
- Department of Patology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van-Türkiye
| | - İlker Ünlü
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul Esenyurt University, İstanbul-Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Edip Akyol
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van-Türkiye
| | - Özkan Arabacı
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van-Türkiye
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Lordly K, Kober L, Jadidi M, Antoun S, Dworkin SB, Karataş AE. Understanding lifetime and dispersion of cough-emitted droplets in air. Indoor Built Environ 2023; 32:1929-1948. [PMID: 38023440 PMCID: PMC10657780 DOI: 10.1177/1420326x221098753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
To understand the exact transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 and to explore effects of time, space and indoor environment on the dynamics of droplets and aerosols, rigorous testing and observation must be conducted. In the current work, the spatial and temporal dispersions of aerosol droplets from a simulated cough were comprehensively examined over a long duration (70 min). An artificial cough generator was constructed to generate reliably repeatable respiratory ejecta. The measurements were performed at different locations in front (along the axial direction and off-axis) and behind the source in a sealed experimental enclosure. Aerosols of 0.3-10 µm (around 20% of the maximum nuclei count) were shown to persist for a very long time in a still environment, and this has a substantial implication for airborne disease transmission. The experiments demonstrated that a ventilation system could reduce the total aerosol volume and the droplet lifetime significantly. To explain the experimental observations in more detail and to understand the droplet in-air behaviour at various ambient temperatures and relative humidity, numerical simulations were performed using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. The simulations show that many of the small droplets remain suspended in the air over time instead of falling to the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lordly
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leya Kober
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mehdi Jadidi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvie Antoun
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Seth B Dworkin
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmet E Karataş
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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11
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Jibai N, Koch A, Ulmer TF, Erdmann P, Koeck JA, Eisert A. Pharmaceutical Interventions for Inpatients with Liver Cirrhosis and Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7030. [PMID: 38002644 PMCID: PMC10671912 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis, which is considered one of the leading causes of death in the world, can lead to severe complications, and is often followed by a liver transplantation. These patients take an average of nine medications daily. If not managed adequately, it can be accompanied by serious drug-related problems. To reduce this risk, a clinical pharmacist may be included as part of the healthcare team to optimize medication therapy in this population. This study aimed to systematically identify the pharmaceutical interventions which reduced drug-related problems and improved medication therapy for adult hospitalized liver cirrhotic and liver transplant patients when compared to standard care. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL) were systematically searched from the inception of each database to 25 October 2023, and interventional studies in the English language were included. The risk of bias was assessed according to RoB-I for the UBA study and RoB2 for the identified RCT. The detected interventions to reduce drug-related problems in liver cirrhotic and liver transplant patients were extracted and classified according to a "Hierarchy of Controls" model. Two studies from Germany and the USA met our inclusion criteria, respectively. In these studies, we identified two interventions that included education, expert consultation, and the monitoring of the immunosuppressive medications serum level. The main objective of the two included studies was improving patients' compliance through adherence. These pharmaceutical interventions identified were classified as administrative controls, which is one of the lowest levels in the "Hierarchy of Controls" with which to address a potential risk. Pharmaceutical interventions to optimize medication therapy were found to be rare in the examined population, and were limited to "administrative controls". These interventions were limited to transplant patients' education and the monitoring of the immunosuppressive medication serum levels. No interventional studies were found to have investigated pharmaceutical interventions in patients with liver cirrhosis. Especially regarding this patient group, future studies to reduce DRPs using pharmaceutical interventions are needed. This study received no external funding and its PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022309122.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagham Jibai
- Hospital Pharmacy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.J.); (P.E.)
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Tom Florian Ulmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Pia Erdmann
- Hospital Pharmacy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.J.); (P.E.)
| | | | - Albrecht Eisert
- Hospital Pharmacy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (N.J.); (P.E.)
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Rawal G, Almeida MN, Gauger PC, Zimmerman JJ, Ye F, Rademacher CJ, Armenta Leyva B, Munguia-Ramirez B, Tarasiuk G, Schumacher LL, Aljets EK, Thomas JT, Zhu JH, Trexel JB, Zhang J. In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of the Recently Emergent PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C Variant (L1C.5) in Comparison with Other PRRSV-2 Lineage 1 Isolates. Viruses 2023; 15:2233. [PMID: 38005910 PMCID: PMC10674456 DOI: 10.3390/v15112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently emerged PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C variant (L1C.5) was in vivo and in vitro characterized in this study in comparison with three other contemporary 1-4-4 isolates (L1C.1, L1A, and L1H) and one 1-7-4 L1A isolate. Seventy-two 3-week-old PRRSV-naive pigs were divided into six groups with twelve pigs/group. Forty-eight pigs (eight/group) were for inoculation, and 24 pigs (four/group) served as contact pigs. Pigs in pen A of each room were inoculated with the corresponding virus or negative media. At two days post inoculation (DPI), contact pigs were added to pen B adjacent to pen A in each room. Pigs were necropsied at 10 and 28 DPI. Compared to other virus-inoculated groups, the L1C.5-inoculated pigs exhibited more severe anorexia and lethargy, higher mortality, a higher fraction of pigs with fever (>40 °C), higher average temperature at several DPIs, and higher viremia levels at 2 DPI. A higher percentage of the contact pigs in the L1C.5 group became viremic at two days post contact, implying the higher transmissibility of this virus strain. It was also found that some PRRSV isolates caused brain infection in inoculation pigs and/or contact pigs. The complete genome sequences and growth characteristics in ZMAC cells of five PRRSV-2 isolates were further compared. Collectively, this study confirms that the PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C variant (L1C.5) is highly virulent with potential higher transmissibility, but the genetic determinants of virulence remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Rawal
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Marcelo N. Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Phillip C. Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Jeffrey J. Zimmerman
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Fangshu Ye
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Christopher J. Rademacher
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Betsy Armenta Leyva
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Berenice Munguia-Ramirez
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Grzegorz Tarasiuk
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Loni L. Schumacher
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Ethan K. Aljets
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Joseph T. Thomas
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Jin-Hui Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Jolie B. Trexel
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (G.R.); (M.N.A.); (P.C.G.); (J.J.Z.); (C.J.R.); (B.A.L.); (B.M.-R.); (G.T.); (L.L.S.); (E.K.A.); (J.T.T.); (J.-H.Z.); (J.B.T.)
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13
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Luo H, Cao X, Dong Y, Li Y. Simulation and experimental study on the stability and comfortability of the wheelchair human system under uneven pavement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1279675. [PMID: 38026870 PMCID: PMC10652388 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1279675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the improvement in the level of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, the functions of traditional manual wheelchairs have been unable to meet people's living needs. Therefore, traditional wheelchairs have been gradually replaced by smart wheelchairs. Compared with traditional wheelchairs, smart wheelchairs have the characteristics of light operation and faster speed. However, when driving on some complex road surfaces, the vibration generated by the bumps of the motorcycle will cause damage to the human body, so wheelchairs with good electric power and stability can better meet the needs of people and make up for their travel needs. Based on the traditional vehicle stability analysis method, the mathematical theory of roll stability and pitch stability of the wheelchair-human system was established. We built a multi-body dynamics model with human skeleton and joint stiffness based on the multi-body dynamics method. The functioning of the wheelchair-human system was simulated and analyzed on the ditch, step, and combined road. The acceleration and Euler angle changes of the human head, chest, and wheelchair truss position were obtained, and the data results were analyzed to evaluate the stability and comfort of the system. Finally, a wheelchair test platform was built, and the road driving test was carried out according to the simulation conditions to obtain the system acceleration and angle data during the driving process. The simulation analysis was compared to verify the accuracy of the multi-body dynamics method, and the stability and comfort of the system were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuan Cao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Pouhin A, Coscas R, Crespy V, Poupardin O, Pais-De-Barros JP, Bouchot O, Bernard A, Steinmetz E. Comparative Evaluation of Two Paclitaxel-Coated Stents in an Experimental Setting. J Endovasc Ther 2023:15266028231198033. [PMID: 37727972 DOI: 10.1177/15266028231198033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unlike paclitaxel-coated balloons, pre-clinical data comparing different paclitaxel-coated stents (PCSs) are weak. The study objective was to compare the features of the 2 main PCSs: Eluvia® (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) versus ZilverPTX® (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN). METHOD Analysis was carried out on 12 pigs divided into 2 groups: Eluvia® (n=6) and ZilverPTX® (n=6). The pigs received the PCS corresponding to their group in each external iliac artery and were paired one by one, to examine 6 different post-implantation timepoints: after 30 minutes, 6 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days. The paclitaxel concentration measurements and the histological analysis were carried out under blind testing on the plasma, arterial, lymph node, and muscle samples. A linear regression model and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test were used to study the variables. RESULTS The plasma paclitaxel rate decrease over 24 hours after PCS implantation was significantly different between the two groups, expressed by the correlation coefficient 0.19 (0.14-0.23; p<0.001) with an undetectable concentration at the 10th hour for Eluvia® versus 3 days for ZilverPTX®. Significantly higher paclitaxel concentrations with ZilverPTX® PCS were observed in muscle samples at each timepoint: extensor digitorum brevis 3.2 (1.17-5.23; p=0.005), biceps femoris 4.27 (2.27-6.26; p<0.001), semi-tendinosus 3.79 (1.85-5.73; p=0.001), tibialis anterior 3.0 (1.37-4.64; p=0.001), and in the femoral nodes 2.27±1.74 ng/g versus 0.14±0.13 ng/g (p<0.001). Histological analysis revealed a trend for more marked intimal inflammation in the arteries stented with ZilverPTX® (p=0.063), especially after the 7th and 14th days. CONCLUSION Such a difference in the concentration of paclitaxel in the plasma, muscles, and lymph nodes between the two stents was higher than expected based on differences in device design. The clinical consequences of these results remain to be elucidated, particularly regarding the concerning presence of paclitaxel in muscles and adjacent lymph nodes. CLINICAL IMPACT This experimental study compares 2 paclitaxel-coated stents. It demonstrates that differences in stent designs and drug features (coatings and concentrations) translate into differences in terms of concentrations of paclitaxel in the plasma, muscles, and lymph nodes. Our results favor the Eluvia® stent over the ZilverPTX® stent, although more studies are required to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pouhin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Raphaël Coscas
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- UMR 1018, Inserm-Paris11-CESP, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Crespy
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Olivia Poupardin
- Research Society, Farming Division, Auxois-Sud, Biossan, Créancey, France
| | | | - Olivier Bouchot
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Bernard
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Steinmetz
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
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Dzidzishvili L, Calvo E, López-Torres II. Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Repair Reduces but Does Not Avoid Histologic Progression of Osteoarthritis: Randomized In Vivo Experimental Study in a Rabbit Model. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:2964-2974. [PMID: 37589243 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231188527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal treatment option for meniscus root tears is still challenging, and whether the meniscus root repair ultimately can arrest or delay osteoarthritic changes is still a concern. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was 2-fold: (1) to describe and compare histopathologic findings of 3 different therapeutic options for medial meniscus posterior root tear: nonoperative management, partial meniscectomy, and meniscus root repair; and (2) to test the hypothesis that meniscus root tears treated nonoperatively predispose to a lower risk of osteoarthritic progression compared with partial meniscectomy. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Posteromedial meniscus root tears were carried out in 39 New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were randomly assigned into 3 experimental groups: partial meniscectomy after root tear (PM; n = 13), root tears treated conservatively (CT; n = 13), and transtibial root repair (RR; n = 13). Contralateral limbs were used as healthy controls. The animals were euthanized at 16 weeks postoperatively; tissue samples of femoral and tibial articular cartilage were collected and processed for macro- and microscopic assessment to detect signs of early osteoarthritis (OA). Each sample was histopathologically assessed using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International grading and staging system. RESULTS Osteoarthritic changes were the hallmark in all 3 experimental groups. The RR group had the lowest scores for cartilage damage (mean, 2.5; range, 2-3), and the PM group exhibited higher and more severe signs of OA (mean, 16; range, 9-16) compared with the CT group (mean, 5; range, 4-6). The between-group comparison revealed significant differences, as the PM group showed a significantly higher rate of macro- and microscopic osteoarthritic changes compared with the RR (P < .001) and CT (P < .001) groups. The weightbearing area of the medial femoral condyle was the most severely affected, and tidemark disruption was evident in all tissue samples. CONCLUSION Meniscus root repair cannot completely arrest the histopathologic progression of knee OA but leads to significantly less severe degenerative changes than partial meniscectomy and nonoperative treatment. Partial meniscectomy leads to the most severe osteoarthritic progression, while stable radial tears left in situ have lower progression compared with partial meniscectomy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Histologic assessment is an essential tool and metric for guiding and understanding osteoarthritic features, providing insight into the disease development and progression. This study provides histopathologic evidence on osteoarthritic progression after medial meniscus posterior root repair. This knowledge can help to set more realistic expectations and can lead to the future development of augmented techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lika Dzidzishvili
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Calvo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Isabel López-Torres
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Warsinggih, Akil F, Lusikooy RE, Ulfandi D, Faruk M, Hendarto J, Jalil MR, Sinangka AA, Abdi A. The comparison of anastomosis strength and leakage between double-layer full-thickness and single-layer extramucosal intestine anastomosis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3912-3915. [PMID: 37554861 PMCID: PMC10406036 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Various intestine anastomosis techniques have been studied and used, but which is best is still debated. In our center, double-layer full-thickness intestine anastomosis was still considered as standard. However, a single-layer extramucosal intestine anastomosis has shown favorable results. This study created an anastomotic model to compare the anastomosis strength and leakage between double-layer full-thickness and single-layer extramucosal intestine anastomosis. METHODS This experimental study was performed in 20 randomized healthy male pigs, to be included either in Group A (Single-layer extramucosal intestine anastomosis) or Group B (Double-layer full-thickness intestine anastomosis). Enterotomy followed by an end-to-end anastomosis suture was performed in the jejunum. Fourteen days after the operation, any anastomosis leakage and its location was documented. The anastomosis strength was evaluated using manometry. Data were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U and Fischer Exact test, considering a significance level of P<0.05. RESULTS The overall mean intraluminal anastomotic bursting pressure was 4,257±1,185. Group A had a higher intraluminal anastomotic bursting pressure but was not statistically significant compared to group B (4.726±0.952 vs. 3.787±1.252 kilopascals, P=0.063). One leakage (5%, antimesenteric area) occurred in Group A and three leakages (15%, antimesenteric and mesenteric area) occurred in Group B. However, statistical analysis with Fischer exact showed no significant difference of leakage rate between those groups (P=0.291). CONCLUSIONS The anastomosis strength and leakage did not differ significantly between the single-layer extramucosal intestine anastomosis group and the double-layer full-thickness anastomosis group. However, the location of leakage was most common in the antimesenteric area in the double-layer full-thickness anastomosis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warsinggih
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive
| | - Fardah Akil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterohepatology
| | | | | | | | - Joko Hendarto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
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Zhang S, Gong M, Lian H, Wu J, Zhu W, Ou Z. Design of a High-Speed Rotary Ultrasonic Machining Machine Tool for Machining Microstructure of Brittle Materials. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1544. [PMID: 37630078 PMCID: PMC10456564 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low machining accuracy and more serious tool wear in the traditional diamond grinding machining (DGM) microstructure of hard and brittle materials, this paper proposes high-speed rotary ultrasonic machining (HRUM) technology and develops a HRUM machine tool. The hardware part of the machine tool mainly includes the spindle module, micro-motion system module, ultrasonic machining tank module, and data acquisition (DAQ) system module. The LabView-based controlled machining control system, including motion selection, initialization, coarse tool setting, constant force tool setting, control machining, and coordinate display module, is developed. Comparative experimental research of the HRUM and DGM of small holes in Al2O3 ceramics is carried out in the developed HRUM machine tool. The results demonstrate that HRUM effectively reduces axial cutting forces, reduces binder adhesion, and suppresses slippage while improving tool-cutting ability and extending tool life compared to DGM under the same machining parameters. This technology has essential research significance for the high-precision and efficient machining of microstructures in hard and brittle materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhua Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Manfeng Gong
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Haishan Lian
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
| | - Zhengwei Ou
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
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18
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Li G, Liu G, Leng D, Fang X, Li G, Wang W. Underwater Undulating Propulsion Biomimetic Robots: A Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:318. [PMID: 37504206 PMCID: PMC10807579 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional propeller-based propulsion of underwater robots is inefficient and poorly adapted to practice. By contrast, underwater biomimetic robots show better stability and maneuverability in harsh marine environments. This is particularly true of undulating propulsion biomimetic robots. This paper classifies the existing underwater biomimetic robots and outlines their main contributions to the field. The propulsion mechanisms of underwater biomimetic undulating robots are summarized based on theoretical, numerical and experimental studies. Future perspectives on underwater biomimetic undulating robots are also presented, filling the gaps in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guijie Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (G.L.)
| | - Dingxin Leng
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (G.L.)
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19
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Wang D, Yuan J, Jing J, Fu C, Wang Y, Xiong J. Eccentric Compression Properties of FRP-Concrete-Steel Double-Skin Square Tubular Columns. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2642. [PMID: 37376287 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer)-concrete-steel double-skin square tubular (FCSST) columns are composed of an outside FRP tube, an inside steel tube and the concrete filled between them. Under the continuous constraint of the outside and inside tube, the strain, strength and ductility of concrete are improved significantly compared with those of traditionally reinforced concrete without lateral restraint. Additionally, the outside and inside tube not only function as the permanent formwork in casting but improve the bending and shear resistance of composite columns. Meanwhile, the hollow core also reduces the weight of the structure. Through the compressive testing of 19 FCSST columns subjected to eccentric load, this study focuses on the influence of eccentricity and layers of axial FRP cloth (away from the loading point) on the evolution of axial strain along the cross-section, axial bearing capacity, axial load-lateral deflection curve and other eccentric properties. The results can provide basis and reference for the design and construction of FCSST columns and are of great theoretical significance and practical value for the application of composite columns in the engineering of structures in a corrosive environment and other harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Wang
- Assessment Technique Research Center of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Jiansong Yuan
- College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Jiahua Jing
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Chengrui Fu
- Assessment Technique Research Center of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Jiaru Xiong
- College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
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20
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Maabreh R, Alrabab'a MH, Morsy MA, Al-Akash HY, Rajeh Saifan A, Al-Yateem N. Guideline Implementation for Improved Asthma Management and Treatment Adherence in Children in Jordan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1693. [PMID: 37372811 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma imposes a significant social burden on children, their families, and society at large. As a chronic health condition, effective management could greatly benefit from consistent adherence to guidelines. Despite this, minimal effort has been exerted to examine the impact of asthma management guidelines and adherence to treatment on children with asthma and the mothers caring for them. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of asthma management guidelines on the knowledge and treatment adherence among children with asthma and their mothers. A quasi-experimental design was utilized, and the study was conducted at two large hospitals in Jordan: Princess Rahma Hospital and King Hussein Medical Center. A purposive sample of children aged 6-12 years (n = 100) who were accompanied by their mothers (n = 100) were recruited for this study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and an observation checklist before and after the implementation of guidelines. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. The results revealed a statistically significant improvement in knowledge related to asthma among children and their mothers (p < 0.001). Additionally, a statistically significant difference was observed in the children's adherence to their treatment regimen before and after the implementation of asthma management guidelines (p < 0.001). Moreover, the improvements in knowledge and practice related to asthma were sustained in the follow-up assessments. In conclusion, the guidelines had a beneficial effect on the children's adherence to their treatment regimen both before and after their implementation. Thus, asthma patients should adhere to conventional guidelines at various health services to manage their condition effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roqia Maabreh
- Faculty of Nursing, Al-Balqa Applied University, Alsalt 19117, Jordan
| | | | - Madiha Amin Morsy
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmad Rajeh Saifan
- Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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21
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Yang L, Ye M, Huang Y, Dong J. Mechanics Characteristics of a 3D Star-Shaped Negative Poisson's Ratio Composite Structure. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16113950. [PMID: 37297083 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb material has the characteristics of anti-conventional deformation behavior and high impact resistance, which is a new lightweight microstructure material with broad application prospects. However, most of the current research is still at the microscopic level and two-dimensional level, and little research has been carried out for three-dimensional structures. Compared with the two-dimensional level, three-dimensional negative Poisson's ratio structural mechanics metamaterials have the advantages of a lighter mass, higher material utilization, and more stable mechanical properties, and they have great potential for development in the fields of aerospace, the defense industry, and vehicles and ships. This paper presents a novel 3D star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio cell and composite structure, inspired by the octagon-shaped 2D negative Poisson's ratio cell. The article carried out a model experimental study with the help of 3D printing technology and compared it with the numerical simulation results. The effects of structural form and material properties on the mechanical characteristics of 3D star-shaped negative Poisson's ratio composite structures were investigated through a parametric analysis system. The results show that the error of the equivalent elastic modulus and the equivalent Poisson's ratio of the 3D negative Poisson's ratio cell and the composite structure is within 5%. The authors found that the size of the cell structure is the main factor affecting the equivalent Poisson's ratio and the equivalent elastic modulus of the star-shaped 3D negative Poisson's ratio composite structure. Furthermore, among the eight real materials tested, rubber exhibited the best negative Poisson's ratio effect, while the copper alloy showed the best effect among the metal materials, with a Poisson's ratio between -0.058 to -0.050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Yang
- Wind Engineering and Engineering Vibration Research Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Wind Engineering and Engineering Vibration Research Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yonghui Huang
- Wind Engineering and Engineering Vibration Research Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingkun Dong
- Wind Engineering and Engineering Vibration Research Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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22
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Pan F, Jiang X, Du J, Liu J, Fan Y, Zou W. Shape Adjustment and Experimental Study of a Shape Memory Cable (SMC) Structure. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093476. [PMID: 37176358 PMCID: PMC10180038 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Large deployable cable net antennas have attracted extensive attention worldwide because of their simple structure and high storage ratio. The cable net structure is affected by long exposure in a harsh space environment during satellite operation, resulting in large thermal deformation and stress relaxation, which leads to a degradation of antenna performance. To address the thermal deformation of the cable net structure, a shape memory cable (SMC) net structure model was proposed with surface accuracy as the research objective. Specifically, we aimed to utilize its phase transition characteristics to adjust the thermal deformation of cable net structure and improve its surface accuracy. A shape memory cable net structure model with a diameter of 2.2 m was built, and a normal temperature experiment and high- and low-temperature experiments were carried out. High- and low-temperature test refers to environmental simulation testing of shape memory cable net structures under high- and low-temperature conditions. This was done to determine whether the adjustment method for surface accuracy meets the requirements. The results showed that the shape memory alloy wire has a relatively stable ability to adjust the surface accuracy of the cable net structure at room temperature. During temperature cycling, the thermal deformation of the shape memory cable net structure is slight, and the surface accuracy is good. Compared with ordinary cable net structures, the shape memory cable net structure has improved surface accuracy by 44.4% and 45.2% at high and low temperatures, respectively. This proved the effectiveness of the method for adjusting surface accuracy. These experimental results offer guiding significance for engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Xiangjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jingli Du
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yesen Fan
- China Academy of Space Technology (Xi'an), Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Wusong Zou
- AVIC Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute, Wuxi 214063, China
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23
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Elsanadedy H, Abbas H, Siddiqui N, Almusallam T, Al-Salloum Y. Hybrid Steel/NSM/GFRP System versus GFRP Wrapping for Upgrading RC Wall-like Columns. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081886. [PMID: 37112033 PMCID: PMC10146419 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) wall-like columns are commonly employed in structures in Saudi Arabia. These columns are preferred by architects owing to their minimum projection in the usable space. However, they often need strengthening due to several reasons, such as the addition of more stories and increasing the live load as a result of changing the usage of the building. This research aimed to obtain the best scheme for the axial strengthening of RC wall-like columns. The challenge in this research is to develop strengthening schemes for RC wall-like columns, which are favored by architects. Accordingly, these schemes were designed so that the dimensions of the column cross-section are not increased. In this regard, six wall-like columns were experimentally examined in the event of axial compression with zero eccentricity. Two specimens were not retrofitted to be used as control columns, whereas four specimens were retrofitted with four schemes. The first scheme incorporated traditional glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) wrapping, while the second one utilized GFRP wrapping combined with steel plates. The last two schemes involved the addition of near-surface mounted (NSM) steel bars combined with GFRP wrapping and steel plates. The strengthened specimens were compared with regard to axial stiffness, maximum load, and dissipated energy. Besides column testing, two analytical approaches were suggested for computing the axial capacity of tested columns. Moreover, finite element (FE) analysis was performed for evaluating the axial load versus displacement response of tested columns. As an outcome of the study, the best strengthening scheme was proposed to be used by practicing engineers for axial upgrading of wall-like columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Elsanadedy
- Chair of Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husain Abbas
- Chair of Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Chair of Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Almusallam
- Chair of Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Al-Salloum
- Chair of Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures, Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Szewczak I, Snela M, Rozylo P. Investigation of an Effective Anchoring Length of CFRP Tapes Used to Strengthen Steel Thin-Walled Beams with a Rectangular Cross-Section Subjected to Four-Point Bending. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2907. [PMID: 37049201 PMCID: PMC10095980 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to design an optimal reinforcement of steel thin-walled beams with composite materials, it is worth analyzing two important, although often overlooked issues, which are the selection of the appropriate thickness of the adhesive layer and the effective anchoring length of the composite tape. This paper, which is part of a wider laboratory study devoted to the strengthening of thin-walled steel profiles, focuses on the second issue. The paper involves a description of laboratory four-point bending tests during which ten thin-walled steel beams made of a rectangular section with dimensions of 120 × 60 × 3 and a length of 3 m were tested. Two beams were taken as reference beams, and the other eight were reinforced using Sika CarboDur S512 carbon fiber composite tape, assuming four different effective anchorage lengths. The impact of the length of the anchoring of the composite tape on the value of the displacements and strains of the tested beams and on the value of the destructive load that caused tape detachment was analyzed. The following phase was numerical analyses carried out in the Abaqus program, which showed high consistency with the results of laboratory tests. In reference to the conducted tests, it was observed that the increase in the anchoring length of the composite tape has a slight impact on the change in the value of strains and displacements in the tested beams. Nevertheless, the increase in the effective anchorage length has a significant impact on the load value at which the composite tapes are detached from the surface of the steel thin-walled beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Szewczak
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 40 Nadbystrzycka Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Snela
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 40 Nadbystrzycka Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Patryk Rozylo
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
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25
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Zhang X, Wu X, Wang Y. Corrosion-Effected Bond Behavior between PVA-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Steel Rebar under Chloride Environment. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2666. [PMID: 37048960 PMCID: PMC10096117 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Corrosion-effected bond behavior between polyvinyl-alcohol-fiber-reinforced concrete and steel rebar under a chloride environment is the experimental subject studied in the present work. Twenty-four pull-out specimens are designed and subjected firstly to an accelerated corrosion test. The effects of polyvinyl alcohol fibers on the cracking behavior, chloride penetration of concrete members and the corrosion loss of steel rebars during the corrosion test are discussed. After this, these corroded specimens are subjected to a pull-out test. The failure mode, the bond-slip curves and the typical bond-stress values are measured during the test. The effects of polyvinyl alcohol fibers and corrosion loss on bond behavior between polyvinyl-alcohol-fiber-reinforced concrete and steel rebar are clarified. Results show that the polyvinyl-alcohol-fiber-reinforced concrete exhibits worse resistance to corrosion damage than plain concrete. The cracking width, chloride penetration depth in concrete and the corrosion loss of steel rebar are more serious for the specimens with more polyvinyl alcohol fibers. The polyvinyl alcohol fibers also negatively affect bonding in ascending branches for both the specimens, but improve the bonding in descending branches after peak stress in the case of splitting. In the present test, the bond strength of corrosive specimens is increased slightly and then decreases gradually with the deepening of corrosion loss. The failures of specimens change from pull-out to splitting-pull-out as the corrosion time exceeds 30 days. Compared with uncorroded specimens, the maximum degradation of bond strength is about 50.1% when the corrosion is increased from 0% to 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xun Wu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-183-7324-0951
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26
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Liu Y, Xi Y, Zhang F, Wang Z, Wang C, Yu S, Chen X. Charring-induced morphological changes of Chinese "Five Grains": An experimental study. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1063617. [PMID: 36818853 PMCID: PMC9935936 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1063617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Charring process affects the preservation potential of seeds, resulting in limited perceptions of crop assemblages recovered from archaeological layers. Therefore, the specifics of the charring process deserve further investigation. Colloquially referred to as the "Five Grains" (), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), foxtail millet (Setaria italica), broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), rice (Oryza sativa), and soybean (Glycine max) represent a set of four major cultivated cereals and a pulse constituting crucial staple food in Chinese history and the most frequently discovered crops at archaeological sites in China. METHODS This paper aims to understand the changes in size, volume, and weight loss of grains under variable aerobic charring conditions. The size and weight were measured for the untreated specimens and the specimens heated at different temperatures and over different time-periods. RESULTS We found that temperature and exposure time directly affected the grain size. Specifically, the grains of most species shrank at lower temperatures and expanded rapidly at higher temperatures. DISCUSSION Among the "Five Grains", soybean was the type least affected by charring, followed by wheat, rice, and millet. Volume and weight can be used as conversion factors to minimize the bias in quantitative representation due to varied charring preservation potential. For rice, wheat and soybean, the variation in volume is smaller. For millet, both volume and weight can be used as the control to understand the consequences of charring for the assemblage. Further experiments and comparisons of ancient samples are needed in future studies to investigate other factors that affect the preservation of charred plant remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory for Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Cultural Heritage Registration, the Administrative Office of Humble Administrator’s Garden, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory for Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Shandong University Museum, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Archaeology, School of History and Culture, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shiyong Yu
- School of Geography, Geomatics, and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuexiang Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory for Environmental and Social Archaeology, Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Bhargav H, Eiman N, Jasti N, More P, Kumar V, Holla B, Arasappa R, Rao NP, Varambally S, Gangadhar B, Keshavan MS. Composition of yoga-philosophy based mental traits ( Gunas) in major psychiatric disorders: A trans-diagnostic approach. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1075060. [PMID: 36818072 PMCID: PMC9930472 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1075060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Yoga philosophy includes the theory of Tri-guna (three mental traits): sattva (signifies a tendency to 'goodness'), rajas (tendency towards 'activity'), and tamas (tendency towards "inertia"). This cross-sectional study aimed to understand the differences in the expression of gunas in patients suffering from major psychiatric disorders (n = 113, 40 females) and age-gender-education-matched healthy controls (HCs; n = 113, 40 females). Patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist using DSM 5 criteria and suffered from the following disorders: depression (n = 30), schizophrenia (SCZ; n = 28), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; n = 23), anxiety (n = 16), and bipolar affective disorder (BPAD; n = 16). Tri-gunas were assessed using a validated tool (Vedic Personality Inventory) and symptoms were assessed using standard scales as per the diagnosis. Multi-variate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess the differences in guna scores between HCs and patients, and between patients with different diagnoses. A two-tailed Pearson correlation was performed between the gunas and psychometric scales. Results revealed that HCs had significantly higher sattva traits as compared to patients (except those with OCD). Each psychiatric diagnosis also showed a specific guna configuration: (1) Anxiety disorders and OCD: High sattva-rajas, low tamas; (2) Depression: High sattva-tamas, low rajas; (3) Psychotic disorders (SCZ/BPAD): High tamo-rajas, low sattva. Significant positive correlations were observed between rajas traits and anxiety/OC/positive psychotic symptoms, negative psychotic symptoms and tamas traits, and sattva traits and OC symptoms. This finding has clinical implications, both to develop ways of predicting outcomes of psychiatric disorders, as well as to develop psycho-therapeutic and lifestyle interventions targeting the gunas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Bhargav
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,*Correspondence: Hemant Bhargav, ✉
| | - Najla Eiman
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nishitha Jasti
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja More
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bharath Holla
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Arasappa
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Naren P. Rao
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shivarama Varambally
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - B.N. Gangadhar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Matcheri S. Keshavan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Tekir O, Cevik C, Ozsezer G. The effects of education on foot care behaviors and self-efficacy in type 2 diabetes patients. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:138-144. [PMID: 36876601 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_690_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic foot significantly affects the quality of life of patients with diabetes. It leads to loss of labor force, psychosocial trauma, and high treatment costs due to serious morbidity and mortality. Nurses have an important responsibility to improve the metabolic status of individuals with diabetes, to protect them from foot complications, and to teach patients foot care skills. Aim This study investigated the effects of education on type 2 diabetes patients regarding diabetic foot care and self-efficacy. Materials and Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted from February to July 2016 in hospitals located in the city of Balıkesir in Turkey with type 2 diabetes patients who were admitted to the internal medicine clinic and monitored by the endocrinology and internal medicine outpatient clinics. G*power 3.1.9.2 software was used to calculate the sample size of 94 people with a 5% type 1 error, and 90% power. The study was carried out with stratified randomization, and a questionnaire was administered to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received training, and both groups' scores on the Diabetic Foot Behavior Questionnaire [Appendix 1] and the Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale [Appendix 2] were compared after three months. The t-test, the paired t-test, and the Chi-square test were used. Results While the self-efficacy and the foot care behavior scores of the control group did not show any differences (P > 0.05), the experimental group's scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The control group's self-efficacy and foot care behavior scores on the pre-test and final test were similar, while the experimental group's scores increased (P < 0.05). Conclusions Starting from the diagnosis of diabetes, it is advisable to carry out foot assessments and to follow up with diabetics who received foot care education to increase their self-efficacy, to make foot care a habit, and to re-evaluate missing or incorrect practices during check-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tekir
- Departments of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, İzmir Demokrasi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - C Cevik
- Departments of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - G Ozsezer
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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29
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Zupan B, Peña-Murillo GE, Zahoor R, Gregorc J, Šarler B, Knoška J, Gañán-Calvo AM, Chapman HN, Bajt S. An experimental study of liquid micro-jets produced with a gas dynamic virtual nozzle under the influence of an electric field. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1006733. [PMID: 36743214 PMCID: PMC9892056 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1006733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The results of an experimental study of micro-jets produced with a gas dynamic virtual nozzle (GDVN) under the influence of an electric field are provided and discussed for the first time. The experimental study is performed with a 50% volume mixture of water and ethanol, and nitrogen focusing gas. The liquid sample and gas Reynolds numbers range from 0.09-5.4 and 0-190, respectively. The external electrode was positioned 400-500 μm downstream of the nozzle tip and an effect of electric potential between the electrode and the sample liquid from 0-7 kV was investigated. The jetting parametric space is examined as a function of operating gas and liquid flow rates, outlet chamber pressure, and an external electric field. The experimentally observed jet diameter, length and velocity ranged from 1-25 μm, 50-500 μm and 0.5-10 m/s, respectively. The jetting shape snapshots were processed automatically using purposely developed computer vision software. The velocity of the jet was calculated from the measured jet diameter and the sample flow rate. It is found that micro-jets accelerate in the direction of the applied electric field in the downstream direction at a constant acceleration as opposed to the standard GDVNs. New jetting modes were observed, where either the focusing gas or the electric forces dominate, encouraging further theoretical and numerical studies towards optimized system design. The study shows the potential to unlock a new generation of low background sample delivery for serial diffraction measurements of weakly scattering objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Zupan
- Laboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Rizwan Zahoor
- Laboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Gregorc
- Laboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Božidar Šarler
- Laboratory for Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,Laboratory for Simulation of Materials and Processes, Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Juraj Knoška
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alfonso M. Gañán-Calvo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain,Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Henry N. Chapman
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saša Bajt
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Saša Bajt,
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Di Michele D, Guizzo F, Canale N, Fasoli F, Carotta F, Pollini A, Cadinu M. #SexyBodyPositive: When Sexualization Does Not Undermine Young Women's Body Image. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:991. [PMID: 36673746 PMCID: PMC9858851 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that exposure to social networking sites portraying a thin and often sexualized beauty ideal reduces young women's body satisfaction, while exposure to body-positive content improves it. However, it is unclear whether sexualization could impair the beneficial effects of body-positivity messages. Young Italian women were exposed to one of three experimental conditions showing sexualized beauty ideals, sexualized body positivity, or non-sexualized body positivity that appeared either on Instagram (Study 1, N = 356) or TikTok (Study 2, N = 316). Across the two studies, results showed that, regardless of sexualization, exposure to body positivity increased body satisfaction and positive mood compared with pre-exposure measures, while exposure to sexualized beauty ideals reduced it. Participants in the sexualized beauty ideal condition also engaged in upward appearance social comparison whereas body positivity elicited downward comparison. Problematic social networking sites' use moderated the effects of condition on body satisfaction, appearance social comparison, and positive mood, while downward comparison mediated the relation between condition and body satisfaction and positive mood. Our results highlight both beneficial and critical aspects of body positivity that should be taken into consideration when designing body image interventions and policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Di Michele
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Guizzo
- School of Psychology, Stag Hill Campus, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7HX, UK
| | - Natale Canale
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Fasoli
- School of Psychology, Stag Hill Campus, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7HX, UK
| | - Francesca Carotta
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Pollini
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mara Cadinu
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Natsos A, Tsaturyan A, Peteinaris A, Adamou C, Pagonis K, Bravou V, Koumoundourou D, Vrettos T, Kagadis G, Giannitsas K, Kallidonis P, Liatsikos E. Clearance of Metal Particles After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Trilogy Lithotripter. J Endourol 2023; 37:15-20. [PMID: 35972730 DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clearance of metal particles produced and released in the pelvicaliceal system (PCS) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with the use of the Swiss Lithoclast® Trilogy dual-energy (EMS Urology, Nyon, Switzerland) lithotripter. Methods: An experimental in vivo study and a clinical investigation of case series were conducted. An in vivo porcine model with two pigs for lithotripsy (after inserting artificial stones into the collecting system) and two pigs for submucosal injection of metal particles (provided by the manufacturer of Trilogy) was conducted. Porcine kidney histology analysis for metal leftovers was conducted immediately or 2 weeks after the surgery. A prospective observational study design included 10 consecutive patients treated with conventional 30F PCNL or with 22F mini-PCNL technique. Only the patients with the confirmed metal particles in the PCS during the initial PCNL and the need for additional retrograde intrarenal surgery over a period of 2-4 weeks were selected. The presence of metal particles was evaluated during the second endoscopic surgery. Results: The generated metal particles during PCNL and the submucosally injected particles were not found macroscopically 2 weeks postoperatively in porcine models. No pathologic changes such as foreign body granuloma or inflammation were found. Similarly, no metal particles were observed during the second look endoscopy (n = 10). Conclusion: Metal particles observed endoscopically using the Trilogy lithotripter are cleared with no pathologic evidence of tissue damage from the metal particles 2 weeks after the procedure. Thus, the intraoperative release of any particle by the Trilogy lithotripter should not raise any safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Natsos
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Arman Tsaturyan
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Theofanis Vrettos
- Department of Anesthesiology and ICU, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - George Kagadis
- Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Evangelos Liatsikos
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Zeuge A, Lemmer K, Klesel M, Kordyaka B, Jahn K, Niehaves B. To be or not to be stressed: Designing autonomy to reduce stress at work. Work 2023; 75:1199-1213. [PMID: 36744355 PMCID: PMC10473107 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many organizations are undertaking efforts to reduce the stress of (oftentimes overworked) employees. Information Technology (IT) (e.g., smartphones) has the potential to be a key instrument for reducing stress. One design-relevant factor considered to reduce stress is the concept of autonomy. Unfortunately, little research exists using autonomy as a characteristic of technology design. OBJECTIVE Against this background, this study aimed to investigate specific autonomy-related design options with the potential to prevent stress. METHODS In a factorial survey, this experimental study tested three design options in an overwork scenario: 1) autonomy (no intervention by design), 2) nudge ("nudging" by design), and 3) enforcement (hard stop by design). 51 participants (mean age 38 years, 50% women, mean work experience 18 years) from the Netherlands, United Kingdom, United States of America, and Germany participated in the experiment for 330 seconds on average. To test our hypothesis, we used a two-step approach. First, a multiple linear regression was applied. Second, we carried out a one-way ANCOVA comparing the effects of our design options. RESULTS Our results indicate that autonomy can be manipulated through technology design and is negatively correlated with stress. Additionally, the design options autonomy and nudge were associated with lower levels of perceived stress than was enforcement. CONCLUSION The study proposes a careful use of IT and policies that limit the perceived autonomy of employees. Overall, this study offers a set of design recommendations arguing that organizations should implement technology that helps employees prevent overwork and maintain their autonomy.
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Li X, Zhang K, Jiang X, Wang L, Zhang T, Zhang X, Che H. Experimental study of a heparin-coated venous stent fabricated by atomic layer deposition. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1124-1134. [PMID: 36148619 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221126575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of heparin-coated venous stents in animals. METHODS We used atomic layer deposition technology to obtain a heparin coating with good stability and then prepared a heparin-coated venous stent based on this technology. The experimental stents were prepared according to the diameter of the rabbit inferior vena cava and were divided into Ni-Ti alloy stent group, Ni-Ti-Al2O3 stent group and Ni-Ti-Al2O3-Heparin stent group. 3 days, 7 days and 14 days after stent implantation, the materials were collected, and the three groups of stents were observed by hard tissue section pathology, immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscope to observe the differences in vascular wall inflammation, thrombosis, lumen stenosis and vascular intima regeneration. RESULT AND CONCLUSION The experiment confirmed the safety of the heparin-coated stent in vivo. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed a high degree of vascular endothelialization and an intact neointimal structure 14 days after implantation. The long-term safety and biological effects of heparin-coated venous stents in animals require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- 74620YanTai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaorui Jiang
- 74620YanTai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- 74620Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Yantai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- 12581Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- 71185Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haijie Che
- Qingdao University Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
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Eremin MO, Zimina VA, Kulkov AS, Stefanov YP. Microstructure-Based Computational Analysis of Deformation Stages of Rock-like Sandy-Cement Samples in Uniaxial Compression. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:24. [PMID: 36614365 PMCID: PMC9821537 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a new finite-difference continuum damage mechanics approach for assessment of threshold stresses based on the mechanical response of a representative volume element of a sandy-cement rock-like material. An original experimental study allows validating the mathematical model. A new modification of the damage accumulation kinetic equation is proposed. Several approaches based on acoustic emission, instantaneous Poisson's ratio and reversal point method are employed to determine the threshold stresses. Relying on the numerical modeling of deformation and failure of model samples, the threshold stresses and the deformation stages are determined. The model predicts the crack initiation stress threshold with less than 10% error. The model prediction of the crack damage stress threshold corresponds to the upper boundary of the experimental range. The model predicts the peak stress threshold with less than 0.2% error in comparison with the average experimental peak stress. The results of numerical modeling are shown to correlate well with the available experimental and literature data and sufficiently complement them.
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Costa MADC, Dias Moreira LDP, Duarte VDS, Cardoso RR, de São José VPB, da Silva BP, Grancieri M, Corich V, Giacomini A, Bressan J, Martino HSD, de Barros FAR. Kombuchas from Green and Black Tea Modulate the Gut Microbiota and Improve the Intestinal Health of Wistar Rats Fed a High-Fat High-Fructose Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:5234. [PMID: 36558393 PMCID: PMC9787585 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Western diet can negatively affect the gut microbiota and is associated with metabolic disorders. Kombucha, a tea fermented by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY), is known for its bioactive properties and has become popular in the last years. In this study, we evaluated the effects of regular kombucha consumption on the gut microbiota and on outcomes related to the intestinal health of Wistar rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet. After eight weeks receiving a standard diet (AIN-93M) (n = 10) or a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHF) (n = 30) to induce metabolic disorders, the animals were subdivided into four groups: AIN-93M (n = 10); HFHF (n = 10); GTK (HFHF + green tea kombucha (n = 10); and BTK (HFHF + black tea kombucha; n = 10) for 10 weeks. Although body composition did not differ among the groups, the HFHF diet was associated with metabolic alterations, and stimulated the growth of gram-negative bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Bacteroides. Kombucha ingestion could somewhat modulate the gut microbiota, attenuating the effects of a Western diet by increasing propionate production and favoring the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Adlercreutzia in the GTK group. Our results suggest that regular kombucha consumption may be beneficial to intestinal health, which can be mostly attributed to its high content and diversity of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza de Paula Dias Moreira
- Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Vinícius da Silva Duarte
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Rodrigo Rezende Cardoso
- Department of Food Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara Pereira da Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana Grancieri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviana Corich
- Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Alessio Giacomini
- Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Via dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil
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Stefanelli G. Different methods of neo-chordal fixation to the papillary muscle: Do they have any influence on the chordal biomechanical characteristics? J Card Surg 2022; 37:4416-4417. [PMID: 36229972 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.17025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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37
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Dias KA, da Conceição AR, Pereira SMS, Oliveira LA, da Silva Rodrigues JV, Dias RS, de Paula SO, Natali AJ, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Tako E, Martino HSD, Lucia CMD. Curcumin-Added Whey Protein Positively Modulates Skeletal Muscle Inflammation and Oxidative Damage after Exhaustive Exercise. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36432591 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Exhaustive exercise can induce muscle damage. The consumption of nutritional compounds with the ability to positively influence the oxidative balance and an exacerbated inflammatory process has been previously studied. However, little is known about the nutritional value of curcumin (CCM) when mixed with whey protein concentrate (WPC). This study was developed to evaluate the effect of CCM-added WPC on inflammatory and oxidative process control and histopathological consequences in muscle tissue submitted to an exhaustive swimming test (ET). (2) Methods: 48 animals were randomly allocated to six groups (n = 8). An ET was performed 4 weeks after the start of the diet and animals were euthanized 24 h post ET. (3) Results: WPC + CCM and CCM groups reduced IL-6 and increased IL-10 expression in muscle tissue. CCM reduced carbonyl protein after ET compared to standard AIN-93M ET and WPC + CCM ET diets. Higher nitric oxide concentrations were observed in animals that consumed WPC + CCM and CCM. Consumption of WPC + CCM or isolated CCM reduced areas of inflammatory infiltrate and fibrotic tissue in the muscle. (4) Conclusions: WPC + CCM and isolated CCM contribute to the reduction in inflammation and oxidative damage caused by the exhaustive swimming test.
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Hassan AK, Alhumaid MM, Hamad BE. The Effect of Using Reactive Agility Exercises with the FITLIGHT Training System on the Speed of Visual Reaction Time and Dribbling Skill of Basketball Players. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:176. [PMID: 36422946 PMCID: PMC9695455 DOI: 10.3390/sports10110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the effect of reactive agility with the FITLIGHT training system on the speed of the visual reaction time and dribbling skill of basketball players. Participants were divided into an experimental group (n = 10; age, 14.80 ± 0.79 years; height, 163.80 ± 3.46 cm; weight, 55.90 ± 0.99 kg; training, 4.50 ± 0.53 years) and a control group (n = 10; age, 14.60 ± 0.70 years; height, 163.30 ± 3.47 cm; weight, 56.10 ± 0.74 kg; training, 4.30 ± 0.48 years). Reactive agility was assessed through a modified t-test, visual reaction time was assessed using the Li Lafayette instrument Visual Reaction Time Apparatus 63014 response panel, and dribbling skills were assessed through dribbling testing. The results showed improved agility through the modified agility t-test (11%; p = 0.001), an increased speed of visual reaction time for both the right and left hands (23-31%), and improved dribbling skills (19%; p = 0.001) for the experimental group using the FITLIGHT reactive agility software. The results also showed increased skills of the experimental group when compared to the control group. Differences in variability emerged between 6 and 14.1% in favor of the experimental group. Therefore, the researchers recommended that attention should be paid to activating the role of the FITLIGHT reactive agility training to improve and develop the physical, visual, and skill capabilities of basketball players. The researchers propose that FITLIGHT can be effectively used in the basketball training process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K. Hassan
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Team Sports and Racket Games, Faculty of Physical Education, Minia University, Minya 61519, Egypt
| | - Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badry E. Hamad
- Department of Fights and Individual Sports, Faculty of Physical Education, Minia University, Minya 61519, Egypt
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Zhao R, Liu Y, Jiang L, Feng B, Fu Y, Zhang C. Experimental Study on Hot Spot Stresses of Curved Composite Twin-Girder Bridges. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7920. [PMID: 36431408 PMCID: PMC9694586 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Curved composite twin-girder bridges are suitable for mountainous areas, due to their advantages of light self-weight, excellent mechanical performance, and fewer construction requirements. It has been found that many composite twin-girder bridges collapsed due to fatigue failure. However, the literature review showed no relevant studies on the fatigue performance of curved composite twin-girder bridges. Because of this, the specimen of 1:2 scale curved composite twin-girder bridge in accordance with the design scheme of Xizhen Bridge in China was designed and tested. Three possible fatigue details were selected: cruciform connections, transverse attachments, and transverse splices named Class I, Class II, and Class III. For the test data of nominal stress (NS), equations were proposed to convert the strain value into the internal force of the fatigue detail position. The stress caused by torsion accounts for 2.8% of the total stress, which is almost negligible. The fatigue evaluation process based on the hot spot stress (HSS) S-N curve method is presented. The HSS method is more conservative than the NS S-N curve method in predicting the fatigue life of complex structures with high-stress concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
- Research Center of Highway Large Structure Engineering on Safety of Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
- Research Center of Highway Large Structure Engineering on Safety of Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Bowen Feng
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Yisheng Fu
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Zhu T, Liu Y, Yu T, Jin Y, Zhao D. Experimental Study of Injection Molding Replicability for the Micro Embossment of the Ultrasonic Vibrator. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224798. [PMID: 36432927 PMCID: PMC9693639 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is challenging to fabricate micro features on an injection-molded polymer product. Ultrasonic vibration induced into micro-injection molding is helpful for flow of polymer melt. In this paper, a micro-injection mold integrated with ultrasonic vibration was designed and fabricated, and micro embossment was machined on the surface of the ultrasonic vibrator. Poly(methacrylic acid methyl ester) (PMMA) was used for injection molding experiments, with four ultrasonic power levels (0, 300, 600, and 900 W), three injection speed levels (60, 80, and 100 cm3/s), two injection pressure levels (60 and 90 MPa) and a mold temperature of 60 °C. It was found that ultrasonic vibration perpendicular to the middle surface of the cavity is beneficial in forming transverse microstructure, but is not conducive to generating longitudinal microstructure. Increase in injection pressure can improve molding qualities for both the longitudinal micro groove and the transverse micro groove. Increase in injection speed is not conducive to forming the longitudinal micro groove but benefits formation of the transverse micro groove. When ultrasonic vibration is applied at the injection and packing stages, molding quality of the longitudinal micro groove becomes worse, while that of the transverse micro groove becomes better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieli Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tongmin Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yifei Jin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +1-775-784-1412 (Y.J.); +86-158-9818-2867 (D.Z.)
| | - Danyang Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +1-775-784-1412 (Y.J.); +86-158-9818-2867 (D.Z.)
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Abstract
In two studies, we examined whether open science practices, such as making materials, data, and code of a study openly accessible, positively affect public trust in science. Furthermore, we investigated whether the potential trust-damaging effects of research being funded privately (e.g. by a commercial enterprise) may be buffered by such practices. After preregistering six hypotheses, we conducted a survey study (Study 1; N = 504) and an experimental study (Study 2; N = 588) in two German general population samples. In both studies, we found evidence for the positive effects of open science practices on trust, though it should be noted that in Study 2, results were more inconsistent. We did not however find evidence for the aforementioned buffering effect. We conclude that while open science practices may contribute to increasing trust in science, the importance of making use of open science practices visible should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rosman
- Tom Rosman, Leibniz Institute for
Psychology (ZPID), Universitaetsring 15, 54296 Trier, Germany.
| | | | - Henning Silber
- GESIS – Leibniz-Institute for the Social
Sciences, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Heycke
- GESIS – Leibniz-Institute for the Social
Sciences, Germany
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Abstract
In two studies, we examined whether open science practices, such as making materials, data, and code of a study openly accessible, positively affect public trust in science. Furthermore, we investigated whether the potential trust-damaging effects of research being funded privately (e.g. by a commercial enterprise) may be buffered by such practices. After preregistering six hypotheses, we conducted a survey study (Study 1; N = 504) and an experimental study (Study 2; N = 588) in two German general population samples. In both studies, we found evidence for the positive effects of open science practices on trust, though it should be noted that in Study 2, results were more inconsistent. We did not however find evidence for the aforementioned buffering effect. We conclude that while open science practices may contribute to increasing trust in science, the importance of making use of open science practices visible should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henning Silber
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Heycke
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
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Rosman T, Bosnjak M, Silber H, Koßmann J, Heycke T. Open science and public trust in science: Results from two studies. Public Underst Sci 2022. [PMID: 35699352 DOI: 10.23668/psycharchives.6494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In two studies, we examined whether open science practices, such as making materials, data, and code of a study openly accessible, positively affect public trust in science. Furthermore, we investigated whether the potential trust-damaging effects of research being funded privately (e.g. by a commercial enterprise) may be buffered by such practices. After preregistering six hypotheses, we conducted a survey study (Study 1; N = 504) and an experimental study (Study 2; N = 588) in two German general population samples. In both studies, we found evidence for the positive effects of open science practices on trust, though it should be noted that in Study 2, results were more inconsistent. We did not however find evidence for the aforementioned buffering effect. We conclude that while open science practices may contribute to increasing trust in science, the importance of making use of open science practices visible should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henning Silber
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Heycke
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
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Abstract
In two studies, we examined whether open science practices, such as making materials, data, and code of a study openly accessible, positively affect public trust in science. Furthermore, we investigated whether the potential trust-damaging effects of research being funded privately (e.g. by a commercial enterprise) may be buffered by such practices. After preregistering six hypotheses, we conducted a survey study (Study 1; N = 504) and an experimental study (Study 2; N = 588) in two German general population samples. In both studies, we found evidence for the positive effects of open science practices on trust, though it should be noted that in Study 2, results were more inconsistent. We did not however find evidence for the aforementioned buffering effect. We conclude that while open science practices may contribute to increasing trust in science, the importance of making use of open science practices visible should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Henning Silber
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
| | | | - Tobias Heycke
- GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany
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Jiang M, Qi S, Pu S, Wang P, Wang B, Du Z. Experimental Study on the Blast Resistance Performance of FRP Grid & Mortar Reinforced Concrete Arch Structure. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7149. [PMID: 36295216 PMCID: PMC9605279 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to verify the feasibility of using FRP grid and mortar reinforcement technology to enhance the blast resistance of concrete arch structures, this paper designed and fabricated FRP grid and mortar reinforced concrete arch structures and conducted blast resistance tests in the field. A detailed design of anti-explosion scheme was carried out before the experiment. The tests were conducted to observe the structural cracking, concrete collapse, and reinforcement peeling of FRP grid and mortar reinforced concrete arch under the explosion. In order to compare the anti-explosion performance with the protective arch structures in other literature, the explosion of 2 kg TNT with a blast distance of 600 mm was selected. After the explosion, it was found that the blast resistance of the FRP grid and mortar reinforced concrete arch was significantly higher than that of the unreinforced arch, and the concrete arch reinforced with FRP grid and mortar has a better damage patterns and improved blast resistance performance than that of the FRP and steel plate reinforced arch. According to the research results, the FRP grid and mortar composite reinforcement technology can be used to enhance the blast resistance of arch structures in protection projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Jiang
- School of Architecture Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211176, China
| | - Shihu Qi
- Nanjing Urban Construction Management Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Shikun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Zhanzhan Du
- Nanjing Urban Construction Management Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China
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Wedderhoff O, Chasiotis A, Rosman T. When freedom of choice leads to bias: How threat fosters selective exposure to health information. Front Psychol 2022; 13:937699. [PMID: 36312070 PMCID: PMC9606804 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective exposure to online health information can be ascribed to two related defense motives: the motivation to confirm one's subjective perceptions and the motivation to protect relevant parts of the self-image, such as physical integrity. Our aim was to identify how these motives come into effect in the context of a health threat (fictitious feedback on an alleged heart disease risk). In a preregistered online study with N = 763 participants, we analyzed the impact of perceived and suggested risk on the degree of bias in selecting risk-related information on a fictitious Google search results page. Applying a 2 × 2 design with the experimental factor "risk feedback" and the quasi-experimental factor "perceived risk," we formulated six hypotheses. First, we expected a main effect of perceived risk on selective exposure to information suggesting no risk, and second, we hypothesized a main effect of perceived risk on mean quality rating of information suggesting a risk. Third, we proposed a main effect of risk feedback on selective exposure to information which suggests no risk, and fourth, we proposed a main effect of risk feedback on mean quality rating of information suggesting a risk. Fifth, we expected an interaction effect between perceived and suggested risk, and sixth, we proposed an interaction effect between perceived and suggested risk in different forms for each of the four conditions on quality ratings. Only the third hypothesis was confirmed: Receiving information which suggested a health risk increased the tendency to select information denying the risk. Additional exploratory analyses revealed moderator effects of health information literacy and participant age on the aforementioned relationships. In sum, our results underline the crucial role of defense motives in the context of a suggested health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tom Rosman
- Research Literacy Unit, Leibniz Institute for Psychology, Trier, Germany
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Siahpoosh A, Malayeri A, Salimi A, Khorsandi L, Abdevand ZZ. Determination of the effectiveness of Dorema ammoniacum gum on wound healing: an experimental study. J Wound Care 2022; 31:S16-S27. [PMID: 36240871 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.sup10.s16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For a long time, natural compounds have been used to accelerate wound healing. In this study, the topical effects of ammoniacum gum extract on wound healing were investigated in white male rats. METHOD Following skin wound induction in aseptic conditions, 48 Wistar rats were divided into six equal groups; phenytoin cream 1% (standard), untreated (control), Eucerin (control), and 5%, 10% and 20% ointments of Dorema ammoniacum gum extract (treatment groups). All experimental groups received topical drugs daily for 14 days. The percentage of wound healing, hydroxyproline content, histological parameters, and growth factors (endothelial growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-α) were measured in experimental groups. RESULTS The areas of the wounds in the treatment groups were significantly decreased compared with the wound areas of control groups at 5, 7 and 10 days after wounding. On the 12th day, the wounds in the treatment groups were completely healed. Hydroxyproline contents were significantly increased in the treatment groups compared with the control groups (p<0.001). In histological evaluation, the re-epithelialisation, increasing thickness of the epithelial layer, granulation tissue and neovascularisation parameters in the treatment groups showed significant increases compared with the control groups. Also, serum levels of TGF-β, PDGF, EGF and VEGF in the treatment groups were significantly increased compared to the control groups. CONCLUSION The topical application of ammoniacum gum extract significantly increases the percentage of wound healing in rats and reduces the time of wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Siahpoosh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Malayeri
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Science Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zaheri Abdevand
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Persian Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Almoslh A, Aghel B, Alobaid F, Heinze C, Epple B. Experimental Study of the Influence of Different Load Changes in Inlet Gas and Solvent Flow Rate on CO 2 Absorption in a Sieve Tray Column. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 24:1318. [PMID: 36141204 PMCID: PMC9498012 DOI: 10.3390/e24091318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An experimental study was conducted in a sieve tray column. This study used a simulated flue gas consisting of 30% CO2 and 70%. A 10% mass fraction of methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) aqueous solution was used as a solvent. Three ramp-up tests were performed to investigate the effect of different load changes in inlet gas and solvent flow rate on CO2 absorption. The rate of change in gas flow rate was 0.1 Nm3/h/s, and the rate of change in MDEA aqueous solution was about 0.7 NL/h/s. It was found that different load changes in inlet gas and solvent flow rate significantly affect the CO2 volume fraction at the outlet during the transient state. The CO2 volume fraction reaches a peak value during the transient state. The effect of different load changes in inlet gas and solvent flow rate on the hydrodynamic properties of the sieve tray were also investigated. The authors studied the correlation between the performance of the absorber column for CO2 capture during the transient state and the hydrodynamic properties of the sieve tray. In addition, this paper presents an experimental investigation of the bubble-liquid interaction as a contributor to entropy generation on a sieve tray in the absorption column used for CO2 absorption during the transient state of different load changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Almoslh
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6151-16-22695; Fax: +49-(0)-6151-16-22690
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Iskhakov I, Frolov I, Ribakov Y. Experimental Verification of Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for Compressed Concrete Considering Post-Peak Stage. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6064. [PMID: 36079442 PMCID: PMC9457099 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The theoretical stress-strain model for compressed composite cement materials' behavior without empirical coefficients was proposed by Iskhakov in 2018. This model includes the following main parameters describing concrete behavior: stresses and strains corresponding to the border between the elastic and non-elastic behavior stages of a concrete specimen, ultimate elastic strains, and stresses and strains at the end of the post-peak region. Particular attention is focused on the descending branch of the stress-strain diagram, as well as on the analysis of concrete elastic and plastic potentials. These potentials are important for assessing the dynamic response of the concrete element section, as well as for concrete creep analysis. The present research is aimed at experimental verification of the above-mentioned theoretical model. The obtained experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones, which confirms the model's accuracy and enables a significant reduction in the empirical coefficients number in compressed reinforced concrete elements design. This, in turn, represents the scientific novelty of this study.
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Zhangabay N, Sapargaliyeva B, Suleimenov U, Abshenov K, Utelbayeva A, Kolesnikov A, Baibolov K, Fediuk R, Arinova D, Duissenbekov B, Seitkhanov A, Amran M. Analysis of Stress-Strain State for a Cylindrical Tank Wall Defected Zone. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:5732. [PMID: 36013864 PMCID: PMC9413054 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the study, experimental and theoretical studies were carried out to assess the influence of the shapes of dents in the tank wall on the stress-strain state of the defect zone. By testing fragments of a cylindrical tank, it was found that the most appropriate expression is (5), which could take into account the leaching of the tank wall, resulting in a decrease in the stress concentration index. At the same time, during theoretical studies in this paper, it was found that polynomials determined the stress concentration coefficient, where the obtained analytical expression data were compared with the data determined numerically in the ANSYS program, and it was found that the spread was from 2% to 10%. According to the results of a numerical study of the stress-strain state of the dent zone in the tank wall, graphical dependences of the stress concentration coefficient on the dimensionless depth of the dent for various values of the dimensionless radius of the dents and do not exceed 2% of the indicators that are obtained. At the conclusion of the experimental and numerical studies, a conclusion was made about the degree of influence of the geometric dimensions of the dents on the stress concentration index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurlan Zhangabay
- Department of “Construction and Construction Materials”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ulanbator Suleimenov
- Department of “Architecture”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Khassen Abshenov
- Department of “Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Akmaral Utelbayeva
- Department of “Chemistry”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexandr Kolesnikov
- Department of “Life Safety and Environmental Protection”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanat Baibolov
- Peoples Friendship University Named after Academician A. Kuatbekov, Str., Tolebi n/n, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Roman Fediuk
- Polytechnic Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dinara Arinova
- Department of “Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Bolat Duissenbekov
- Department of “Construction and Construction Materials”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Azamat Seitkhanov
- Department of “Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering”, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Av. Tauke Khan, 5, Shymkent 160012, Kazakhstan
| | - Mugahed Amran
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, Amran 9677, Yemen
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