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Shen L, Zhang C, Zhu G. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 promotes endometrial cancer progression and cancer cell immune escape. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23677. [PMID: 38528715 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the potential association of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) genome with endometrial cancer progression based on the Gene Expression Omnibus data set and The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. Differential and weighted gene coexpression network analysis was performed on endometrial cancer transcriptome datasets GSE9750 and GSE106191. The protein-protein interaction network was built using LDL-receptor proteins and the top 50 tumor-associated genes. Low-density lipoprotein-related receptors 5/6 (LRP5/6) in endometrial cancer tissues were correlated with oncogenes, cell cycle-related genes, and immunological checkpoints using Spearman correlation. MethPrimer predicted the LRP5/6 promoter CpG island. LRP2, LRP6, LRP8, LRP12, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-associated protein, and LRP5 were major LDL-receptor-related genes associated with endometrial cancer. LRP5/6 was enriched in various cancer-related pathways and may be a key LDL-receptor-related gene in cancer progression. LRP5/6 may be involved in the proliferation process of endometrial cancer cells by promoting the expression of cell cycle-related genes. LRP5/6 may be involved in the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells by promoting the expression of cell cycle-related genes. LRP5/6 may promote the immune escape of cancer cells by promoting the expression of immune checkpoints, promoting endometrial cancer progression. The MethPrimer database predicted that the LRP5/6 promoter region contained many CpG islands, suggesting that DNA methylation can occur in the LRP5/6 promoter region. LRP5/6 may aggravate endometrial cancer by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifan Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Central Lab, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Genhai Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
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Assi T, Cesne AL. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:341-344. [PMID: 38362643 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Assi
- International Department, Gustave Roussy, 114, Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Axel Le Cesne
- International Department, Gustave Roussy, 114, Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
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Li S, Zhang H, Bao Y, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu M, Yan R, Wang Z, Wu X, Jin Y. Immunoantitumor Activity and Oxygenation Effect Based on Iron-Copper-Doped Folic Acid Carbon Dots. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38520338 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and recurrence are closely associated with immunosuppression and a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermodynamic therapy (PTT) have been shown to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), effectively inhibiting cancer metastasis and recurrence when combined with immune adjuvants. However, the limited efficacy of Fenton's reaction and suboptimal photothermal effect present significant challenges for successfully inducing ICD through CDT and PTT. This paper described the synthesis and immunoantitumor activity of the novel iron-copper-doped folic acid carbon dots (CFCFB). Copper-doped folic acid carbon dots (Cu-FACDs) were initially synthesized via a hydrothermal method, using folic acid and copper gluconate as precursors. Subsequently, the nanoparticles CFCFB were obtained through cross-linking and self-assembly of Cu-FACDs with ferrocene dicarboxylic acid (FeDA) and 3-bromopyruvic acid (3BP). The catalytic effect of carbon dots in CFCFB enhanced the activity of the Fenton reaction, thereby promoting CDT-induced ICD and increasing the intracellular oxygen concentration. Additionally, 3BP inhibited cellular respiration, further amplifying the oxygen concentration. The photothermal conversion efficiency of CFCFB reached 55.8%, which significantly enhanced its antitumor efficacy through photothermal therapy. Immunofluorescence assay revealed that treatment with CFCFB led to an increased expression of ICD markers, including calreticulin (CRT) and ATP, as well as extracellular release of HMGB-1, indicating the induction of ICD by CFCFB. Moreover, the observed downregulation of ARG1 expression indicates a transition in the tumor microenvironment from an immunosuppressive state to an antitumor state following treatment with CFCFB. The upregulation of IL-2 and CD8 expression facilitated the differentiation of effector T cells, resulting in an augmented population of CD8+ T cells, thereby indicating the activation of systemic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yujun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Huanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yingxue Jin
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
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Silberstein JL, Du J, Chan KW, Frank JA, Mathews II, Kim YB, You J, Lu Q, Liu J, Philips EA, Liu P, Rao E, Fernandez D, Rodriguez GE, Kong XP, Wang J, Cochran JR. Structural insights reveal interplay between LAG-3 homodimerization, ligand binding, and function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310866121. [PMID: 38483996 PMCID: PMC10962948 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310866121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is an inhibitory receptor expressed on activated T cells and an emerging immunotherapy target. Domain 1 (D1) of LAG-3, which has been purported to directly interact with major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) and fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), has been the major focus for the development of therapeutic antibodies that inhibit LAG-3 receptor-ligand interactions and restore T cell function. Here, we present a high-resolution structure of glycosylated mouse LAG-3 ectodomain, identifying that cis-homodimerization, mediated through a network of hydrophobic residues within domain 2 (D2), is critically required for LAG-3 function. Additionally, we found a previously unidentified key protein-glycan interaction in the dimer interface that affects the spatial orientation of the neighboring D1 domain. Mutation of LAG-3 D2 residues reduced dimer formation, dramatically abolished LAG-3 binding to both MHCII and FGL1 ligands, and consequentially inhibited the role of LAG-3 in suppressing T cell responses. Intriguingly, we showed that antibodies directed against D1, D2, and D3 domains are all capable of blocking LAG-3 dimer formation and MHCII and FGL-1 ligand binding, suggesting a potential allosteric model of LAG-3 function tightly regulated by dimerization. Furthermore, our work reveals unique epitopes, in addition to D1, that can be targeted for immunotherapy of cancer and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L. Silberstein
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Jasper Du
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Kun-Wei Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Jessica A. Frank
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Irimpan I. Mathews
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, CA94025
| | - Yong Bin Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jia You
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Qiao Lu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Elliot A. Philips
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Phillip Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Program in Biophysics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Eric Rao
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Daniel Fernandez
- Macromolecular Structure Knowledge Center, Stanford Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Grayson E. Rodriguez
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Xiang-Peng Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
- The Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY10016
| | - Jennifer R. Cochran
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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Trivedi P, Jhala G, De George DJ, Chiu C, Selck C, Ge T, Catterall T, Elkerbout L, Boon L, Joller N, Kay TW, Thomas HE, Krishnamurthy B. TIGIT acts as an immune checkpoint upon inhibition of PD1 signaling in autoimmune diabetes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370907. [PMID: 38533515 PMCID: PMC10964479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic activation of self-reactive T cells with beta cell antigens results in the upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules that keep self-reactive T cells under control and delay beta cell destruction in autoimmune diabetes. Inhibiting PD1/PD-L1 signaling results in autoimmune diabetes in mice and humans with pre-existing autoimmunity against beta cells. However, it is not known if other immune checkpoint molecules, such as TIGIT, can also negatively regulate self-reactive T cells. TIGIT negatively regulates the CD226 costimulatory pathway, T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, and hence T-cell function. Methods The phenotype and function of TIGIT expressing islet infiltrating T cells was studied in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice using flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing. To determine if TIGIT restrains self-reactive T cells, we used a TIGIT blocking antibody alone or in combination with anti-PDL1 antibody. Results We show that TIGIT is highly expressed on activated islet infiltrating T cells in NOD mice. We identified a subset of stem-like memory CD8+ T cells expressing multiple immune checkpoints including TIGIT, PD1 and the transcription factor EOMES, which is linked to dysfunctional CD8+ T cells. A known ligand for TIGIT, CD155 was expressed on beta cells and islet infiltrating dendritic cells. However, despite TIGIT and its ligand being expressed, islet infiltrating PD1+TIGIT+CD8+ T cells were functional. Inhibiting TIGIT in NOD mice did not result in exacerbated autoimmune diabetes while inhibiting PD1-PDL1 resulted in rapid autoimmune diabetes, indicating that TIGIT does not restrain islet infiltrating T cells in autoimmune diabetes to the same degree as PD1. Partial inhibition of PD1-PDL1 in combination with TIGIT inhibition resulted in rapid diabetes in NOD mice. Discussion These results suggest that TIGIT and PD1 act in synergy as immune checkpoints when PD1 signaling is partially impaired. Beta cell specific stem-like memory T cells retain their functionality despite expressing multiple immune checkpoints and TIGIT is below PD1 in the hierarchy of immune checkpoints in autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerak Trivedi
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Gaurang Jhala
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - David J. De George
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Chiu
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudia Selck
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Tingting Ge
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Tara Catterall
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Lorraine Elkerbout
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Nicole Joller
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W. Kay
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen E. Thomas
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St Vincent’s Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
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Li T, Xu D, Ruan Z, Zhou J, Sun W, Rao B, Xu H. Metabolism/Immunity Dual-Regulation Thermogels Potentiating Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma Through Lactate-Excretion Inhibition and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2310163. [PMID: 38460167 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Intrinsic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) and insufficient tumor infiltration of T cells severely impede the progress of glioblastoma (GBM) immunotherapy. In this study, it is identify that inhibiting the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) can facilitate the prevention of lactate excretion from tumor glycolysis, which significantly alleviates the lactate-driven ITM by reducing immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Simultaneously, the findings show that the generated inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ during immune activation aggravates the immune escape by upregulating immune checkpoint programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells and TAMs. Therefore, an injectable thermogel loaded with a GLUT1 inhibitor BAY-876 and a PD-1/PD-L1 blocker BMS-1 (Gel@B-B) for dual-regulation of metabolism and immunity of GBM is developed. Consequently, in situ injection of Gel@B-B significantly delays tumor growth and prolongs the survival of the orthotopic GBM mouse model. By actively exposing tumor antigens to antigen-presenting cells, the GBM vaccine combined with Gel@B-B is found to significantly increase the fraction of effector T cells (Th1/CTLs) in the tumor microenvironment, thereby remarkably mitigating tumor recurrence long-term. This study may provide a promising strategy for GBM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianliang Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhao Ruan
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bo Rao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Sadozai H, Acharjee A, Kayani HZ, Gruber T, Gorczynski RM, Burke B. High hypoxia status in pancreatic cancer is associated with multiple hallmarks of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360629. [PMID: 38510243 PMCID: PMC10951397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common form of pancreatic cancer, is a particularly lethal disease that is often diagnosed late and is refractory to most forms of treatment. Tumour hypoxia is a key hallmark of PDAC and is purported to contribute to multiple facets of disease progression such as treatment resistance, increased invasiveness, metabolic reprogramming, and immunosuppression. Methods We used the Buffa gene signature as a hypoxia score to profile transcriptomics datasets from PDAC cases. We performed cell-type deconvolution and gene expression profiling approaches to compare the immunological phenotypes of cases with low and high hypoxia scores. We further supported our findings by qPCR analyses in PDAC cell lines cultured in hypoxic conditions. Results First, we demonstrated that this hypoxia score is associated with increased tumour grade and reduced survival suggesting that this score is correlated to disease progression. Subsequently, we compared the immune phenotypes of cases with high versus low hypoxia score expression (HypoxiaHI vs. HypoxiaLOW) to show that high hypoxia is associated with reduced levels of T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells (DC), including the crucial cDC1 subset. Concomitantly, immune-related gene expression profiling revealed that compared to HypoxiaLOW tumours, mRNA levels for multiple immunosuppressive molecules were notably elevated in HypoxiaHI cases. Using a Random Forest machine learning approach for variable selection, we identified LGALS3 (Galectin-3) as the top gene associated with high hypoxia status and confirmed its expression in hypoxic PDAC cell lines. Discussion In summary, we demonstrated novel associations between hypoxia and multiple immunosuppressive mediators in PDAC, highlighting avenues for improving PDAC immunotherapy by targeting these immune molecules in combination with hypoxia-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadozai
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hateem Z. Kayani
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Independent Scholar, National Coalition of Independent Scholars, Visp, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernard Burke
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Zhou W, Huang Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Yu C. Identification of ANKRD13D as a potential target in renal cell carcinomas. Int J Biol Markers 2024:3936155241236498. [PMID: 38449090 DOI: 10.1177/03936155241236498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation of the expression of ankyrin repeat domain (ANKRD) family members with renal cell carcinoma prognosis was investigated. METHODS The GEPIA2, GEO2R, UALCAN, GDC, OncoLnc, TIMER, PanglaoDB, CancerSEA, and Tabula Muris databases were used. Twelve ANKRD family members were identified as having overexpressed renal cell carcinoma samples. The ANKRD13D was identified as a renal cell carcinoma-specific target by cross-referencing the multiple survival databases. To clarify the role of ANKRD13D, the expression of NAKRD13D was analyzed at the single-cell level. RESULTS ANKRD13D was mainly expressed in immune cells and positively correlated with Treg cell infiltration. The expression of ANKRD13D was also positively correlated with PDCD1, CTLA4, LAG3, TNFSF14, and ISG20. The overexpression of ANKRD13D in Treg was confirmed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The structure of ANKRD13D was predicted using AlphaFold. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we identified ANKRD13D as a key immune regulator, and targeting ANKRD13D with immune checkpoints blockade may be a promoting strategy for renal cell carcinoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghe Huang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiguo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Sun Z, Sun Z, Liu J, Gao X, Jiao L, Zhao Q, Chu Y, Wang X, Deng G, Cai L. Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Expressing Siglec-10 Camouflaged AIE Photosensitizer to Reprogram Macrophages to Active M1 Phenotype and Present Tumor-Associated Antigens for Photodynamic Immunotherapy. Small 2024; 20:e2307147. [PMID: 37941517 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has attracted considerable attention due to its advantages of persistence, targeting, and ability to kill tumor cells. However, the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy in practical applications is limited by tumor heterogeneity and complex tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments in which abundant of M2 macrophages and immune checkpoints (ICs) are present. Herein, two type-I aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active photosensitizers with various reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating efficiencies are designed and synthesized. Engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) that express ICs Siglec-10 are first obtained from 4T1 tumor cells. The engineered EVs are then fused with the AIE photosensitizer-loaded lipidic nanosystem to form SEx@Fc-NPs. The ROS generated by the inner type-I AIE photosensitizer of the SEx@Fc-NPs through photodynamic therapy (PDT) can convert M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages to improve tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. The outer EV-antigens that carry 4T1 tumor-associated antigens directly stimulate dendritic cells maturation to activate different types of tumor-specific T cells in overcoming tumor heterogeneity. In addition, blocking Siglec-10 reversed macrophage exhaustion for enhanced antitumor ability. This study presents that a combination of PDT, immune checkpoints, and EV-antigens can greatly improve the efficiency of tumor immunotherapy and is expected to serve as an emerging strategy to improve tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and overcome immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Sun
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Zhuokai Sun
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Liping Jiao
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Yongli Chu
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Guanjun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab for Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen, 518024, P. R. China
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10
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Birkness-Gartman JE, Thomas DL, Engle LL, Voltaggio L, Thompson ED. Immune microenvironment of intimal sarcomas: Adaptive immune resistance with potential therapeutic implications. Am J Clin Pathol 2024; 161:256-263. [PMID: 37921094 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqad142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intimal sarcomas are rare, aggressive neoplasms that arise from large blood vessels. Characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment may suggest new treatment strategies. METHODS Seventeen specimens from 7 patients were labeled by immunohistochemistry for programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD45, CD8, CD4, FOXP3, CD20, CD68, and LAG3. The immune cell density was scored as a percentage of the tumor area (1+ [<5%], 2+ [5%-50%], 3+ [>50%]); PD-L1 expression was scored on tumor cells and on intratumoral immune cells. Immune marker density was quantified using image analysis software. RESULTS All intimal sarcomas showed immune cell infiltration (41% were 1+, 53% were 2+, 6% were 3+). Tumor and immune cell PD-L1 labeling was seen in 35% and 76% of cases, respectively; PD-L1+ intimal sarcomas had higher CD45+, CD8+, FOXP3+, CD68+, and leukocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3)+ cell densities (P ≤ .01). Similarly, PD-L1 expression on immune cells correlated with higher densities of CD8+ and FOXP3+ cells (P < .04). Higher LAG3+ cell density correlated with higher CD68+ cell density and necrosis (P < .05). One patient with prolonged survival had the highest immune cell density and PD-L1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These data show that intimal sarcomas have an active tumor microenvironment with an adaptive pattern of PD-L1 expression. Our results suggest that immunotherapy may be an effective treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwayne L Thomas
- Department of Oncology and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Logan L Engle
- Department of Oncology and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Lysandra Voltaggio
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| | - Elizabeth D Thompson
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
- Department of Oncology and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
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11
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Zhao J, Li L, Feng X, Fan X, Yin H, Lu Q. T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain as a promising immune checkpoint target for the treatment of SLE. Lupus 2024; 33:209-216. [PMID: 38291414 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241226536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints (ICs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating immune regulation, crucial for the maintenance of immune tolerance and prevention of autoimmune diseases. One noteworthy example among these immune regulators is T cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domain (TIGIT). The TIGIT pathway's inhibition or the absence of TIGIT has been linked to the hyperactivation and excessive proliferation of T cells, rendering individuals more susceptible to autoimmune diseases and exacerbating inflammatory responses. Conversely, the activation of TIGIT has exhibited promising outcomes in ameliorating autoimmune disorders, as observed in murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Consequently, a judicious exploration of the co-inhibitory axis appears warranted for the effective management of pathogenic immune responses in SLE. In light of compelling evidence, this review undertakes a comprehensive examination of TIGIT's characteristics within the context of autoimmunity, offering insights into its potential as a therapeutic target for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Zhao
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwei Feng
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Fan
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiqi Yin
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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12
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You E, Park CJ, Cho YU, Jang S, Lee MY, Kim H, Koh KN, Im HJ, Choi EJ, Lee JH, Lee KH. Increased PD-1 expression of bone marrow T-cells in acute myeloid leukaemia patients after stem cell transplantation, and its association with overall survival. Ann Clin Biochem 2024; 61:79-89. [PMID: 37314798 DOI: 10.1177/00045632231184716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoints are involved in mechanisms by which tumours escape from the host immune system. Our aim was to evaluate acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients to determine expression levels of checkpoint molecules according to diagnosis and treatments, and to identify optimal candidates for checkpoint blockade. METHODS Bone marrow (BM) samples were obtained from 279 AML patients at different disease status and from 23 controls. Flow cytometric analyses of PD-1 and PD-L1/PD-L2 expression were performed. RESULTS Programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression levels on CD8+ T-cells at AML diagnosis were increased compared to controls. PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression levels on leukaemic cells at diagnosis were significantly higher in secondary AML than in de novo AML. PD-1 levels on CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells after allo-SCT were significantly higher than those at diagnosis and after CTx. PD-1 expression on CD8+ T-cells increased in the acute GVHD group than in the non-GVHD group. The overall survival of patients with high PD-1 expression on CD8+ T-cells was significantly shorter than that of patients with low PD-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, patients who underwent allo-SCT exhibited high PD-1 expression, suggesting that allo-SCT increases PD-1 expression on T-cells, and the patients with high PD-1 expression on CD8+ T-cells after allo-SCT showed the poor prognosis. For these patients, PD-1 blockade could be an immunotherapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyoung You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Chan-Jeoung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Uk Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongsoo Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine and Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hery Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Nam Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Choi
- Department of Hematology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Hwan Lee
- Department of Hematology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoo-Hyung Lee
- Department of Hematology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Wu CC, Chen MS, Lee TY, Huang TS, Cho DY, Chen JY. Epstein-Barr Virus BRLF1 Induces PD-L1 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Viral Immunol 2024; 37:115-123. [PMID: 38498796 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a specific human malignancy with unique geographic distribution and genetic backgrounds. Although early treatment with radio-chemotherapy has been proven effective for NPC therapy, its therapeutic efficacy substantially diminishes in the late stages of this malignancy. In the tumor microenvironment of NPC, PD-L1 has been demonstrated as a critical factor in impairing T cell activation. As an etiological role for NPC development, it is found that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent proteins upregulated PD-L1 expression. However, whether EBV lytic protein affects PD-L1 expression remains unclear. In this study, through monitoring the mRNA expression pattern of lytic genes and PD-L1 in EBV-positive NPC cell line NA, EBV immediately-early gene BRLF1(Rta) was found to have the potential for PD-L1 activation. Furthermore, we identified that Rta expression enhanced PD-L1 expression in mRNA and protein levels through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis. The luciferase reporter assay revealed that Rta expression enhanced PD-L1 promoter activity. We also demonstrated that Rta-induced PD-L1 expressions could impair interleukin 2 secretion of T cells, and this mechanism may be through ERK activation. These results displayed the importance of EBV Rta in PD-L1 expression in NPC and may give an alternative target for NPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chun Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Translational Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Shu Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ying Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Translational Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sing Huang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yang Cho
- Department of Medical Research, Translational Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Chu J, Wu Y, Qu Z, Zhuang J, Liu J, Han S, Wu W, Han S. Transcriptional profile and immune infiltration in colorectal cancer reveal the significance of inducible T-cell costimulator as a crucial immune checkpoint molecule. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7097. [PMID: 38506253 PMCID: PMC10952025 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergence of novel immuno-therapeutics has shown promising improvement in the clinical outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC). OBJECTIVE To identify robust immune checkpoints based on expression and immune infiltration profiles of clinical CRC samples. METHODS One dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and two from Gene Expression Omnibus were independently employed for the analysis. Genes associated with overall survival were identified, and distribution of each immune checkpoint with respect to different clinical features was determined to explore key immune checkpoints. Multiple staining methods were used to verify the correlation between key immune checkpoint ICOS and clinical pathological features. Differentially expressed mRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) were then detected for gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis to investigate the differentially enriched biological processes between low- and high-expression groups. Significant immune-related mRNAs and lncRNA were subjected to competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis. Correlation of inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) and top 10 genes in ceRNA network were further considered for validation. RESULTS ICOS was identified from 14 immune checkpoints as the most highly correlated gene with survival and clinical features in CRC. The expression of ICOS protein in the poorly differentiated group was lower than that in the moderately differentiated group, and the expression in different pathological stages was significant. In addition, the expressions of ICOS were negatively correlated with Ki67. A conspicuous number of immune-related pathways were enriched in differentially expressed genes in the ICOS high- and low-expression groups. Integration with immune infiltration data revealed a multitude of differentially expressed immune-related genes enriched for ceRNA network. Furthermore, expression of top 10 genes investigated from ceRNA network showed high correlation with ICOS. CONCLUSION ICOS might serve as a robust immune checkpoint for prognosis with several genes being potential targets of ICOS-directed immunotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chu
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Yinghang Wu
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Zhanbo Qu
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Jiang Liu
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Shugao Han
- Second Affiliated Hospital of School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Wu
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
| | - Shuwen Han
- Huzhou Central HospitalAffiliated Central Hospital Huzhou UniversityHuzhouChina
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital)HuzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of HuzhouHuzhouChina
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15
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Hu X, Dong Y, Xie S, Song Y, Yu C, He Y, Wang Z, Hu Q, Ni Y, Ding L. Immune checkpoint CD161/LLT1-associated immunological landscape and diagnostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Pathol Clin Res 2024; 10:e353. [PMID: 38502058 PMCID: PMC10792702 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
An active host adaptive response is characterized by the existence of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+ /IFN-γ+ cytotoxic T cells and IFN-γ-induced PD-L1+ tumor cells (TCs), which predicts high response rate to anti-PD-1/L1 therapy. Recently, CD161 and its ligand LLT1 (CLEC2D) have been identified as an emerging checkpoint for immunotherapy. Clarifying its heterogeneous clinical expression pattern and its immune landscape is a prerequisite for maximizing the response rate of CD161 blockade therapy in a specific population of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Here, we investigated the expression pattern of CD161/LLT1 and its association with major immunocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) by multiplex immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry in 109 OSCC tissues and 102 peripheral blood samples. TCs showed higher LLT1 levels than tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), whereas CD161 was highly expressed in CD8+ T cells at the tumor front, which was decreased in paracancerous tissue. High expression of TC-derived LLT1 (LLT1TC ) conferred poor clinical outcomes, whereas higher CD161+ and LLT1+ TILs were associated with better prognosis. Meanwhile, patients with high LLT1TC showed a decreased ratio of CD8+ /Foxp3+ T cells in situ, but CD161+ TILs correlated with more peripheral CD3+ T cells. Interestingly, treatment of OSCC patients with nivolumab (anti-PD-1) could restore tumoral CD161/LLT1 signal. Furthermore, an OSCC subgroup characterized by high LLT1+ TCs and low CD161+ CD8+ T cells showed fewer peripheral T cells and a higher risk of lymph node metastasis, leading to a shorter 5-year survival time (29%). More LLT1TC at the invasive front was another risk characteristic of exhausted T cells. In conclusion, in view of this heterogeneity, the LLT1/CD161 distribution pattern should be determined before CD161-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Hu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Yuexin Dong
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Shixin Xie
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Chenhang Yu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Yijia He
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingPR China
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Liu A. Analysis and Investigation of Bioinformatics and Epigenetics Reveal the Underlying Mechanisms by which FLOT2 Modulates the Progression of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Discov Med 2024; 36:621-631. [PMID: 38531803 DOI: 10.24976/discov.med.202436182.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) poses a significant threat to the quality of life for people worldwide. Regrettably, effective treatment strategies for this disease remain elusive in clinical practice due to the unclear understanding of its molecular mechanisms. Therefore, this study was devised to address these issues and identify novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic biomarkers for DLBCL. METHODS Gene expression and clinical data for DLBCL patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and relevant clinical data, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and gene expression levels were extracted. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The prognostic significance of flotillin-2 (FLOT2) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses were employed to evaluate mRNA and protein levels of the genes. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry analysis, and Transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS Our bioinformatics analysis revealed that FLOT2 was significantly overexpressed in DLBCL tissues compared to normal tissues, a finding corroborated by subsequent immunohistochemistry staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analyses. To elucidate its biological functions, shRNAs targeting FLOT2 were transfected into DLBCL cell lines (LY-3 and U2932), resulting in suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, while promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, a positive correlation between TMB and FLOT2 expression in DLBCL was observed. Subsequently, quanTIseq was utilized to calculate the immune score and assess FLOT2 gene expression. In DLBCL, FLOT2 gene expression was found to be associated with T cell CD4+ (non-regulatory) (p < 0.01), monocytes (p < 0.05), and uncharacterized cells (p < 0.05). Regarding immune checkpoint markers, including the cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4), hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2), lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3), programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD1), programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2), Siglec-15 (SIGLEC15), and T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), our analysis indicated that in DLBCL, FLOT2 exhibited a relationship only with TIGIT (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, FLOT2 functions as an oncogene and is linked to DLBCL prognosis and the tumor microenvironment. Targeting FLOT2 deletion emerges as a novel strategy to impede DLBCL aggressiveness by inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion, ultimately inducing apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Hemolymph Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150086 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Hemolymph Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150086 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150001 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Hemolymph Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150086 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Li Z, Li J, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Zhuo T, Nong J, Qian J, Peng H, Dai L, Wang Y, Chen M, Zeng X. Upregulation of POC1A in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumour progression and predicts poor prognosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18135. [PMID: 38429900 PMCID: PMC10907829 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is characterized by a high incidence rate and mortality. Recently, POC1 centriolar protein A (POC1A) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various cancers, contributing to cancer onset and development. However, the association between POC1A and LUAD remains unexplored. We extracted The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets to analyse the differential expression of POC1A and its relationship with clinical stage. Additionally, we performed diagnostic receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of POC1A in LUAD. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between POC1A expression and immune infiltration, tumour mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint expression and drug sensitivity. Finally, we verified POC1A expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell experiments were conducted to validate the effect of POC1A expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. POC1A exhibited overexpression in most tumour tissues, and its overexpression in LUAD was significantly correlated with late-stage presentation and poor prognosis. The high POC1A expression group showed lower levels of immune infiltration but higher levels of immune checkpoint expression and TMB. Moreover, the high POC1A expression group demonstrated sensitivity to multiple drugs. In vitro experiments confirmed that POC1A knockdown led to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggest that POC1A may contribute to tumour development by modulating the cell cycle and immune cell infiltration. It also represents a potential therapeutic target and marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Hao Li
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Jia‐Yi Li
- Geriatrics Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Zuo‐Tao Wu
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Yong‐Jie Zhu
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Ting Zhuo
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Ju‐Sen Nong
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Jing Qian
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Hua‐Jian Peng
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Yong‐Yong Wang
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Ming‐Wu Chen
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Xiao‐Chun Zeng
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
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Li S, Wang T, Xiao X, Zheng X, Sun H, Sun R, Ma H, Tian Z, Zheng X. Blockade of CD300A enhances the ability of human NK cells to lyse hematologic malignancies. Cancer Biol Med 2024:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0341. [PMID: 38425216 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human cluster of differentiation (CD)300A, a type-I transmembrane protein with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, was investigated as a potential immune checkpoint for human natural killer (NK) cells targeting hematologic malignancies (HMs). METHODS We implemented a stimulation system involving the CD300A ligand, phosphatidylserine (PS), exposed to the outer surface of malignant cells. Additionally, we utilized CD300A overexpression, a CD300A blocking system, and a xenotransplantation model to evaluate the impact of CD300A on NK cell efficacy against HMs in in vitro and in vivo settings. Furthermore, we explored the association between CD300A and HM progression in patients. RESULTS Our findings indicated that PS hampers the function of NK cells. Increased CD300A expression inhibited HM lysis by NK cells. CD300A overexpression shortened the survival of HM-xenografted mice by impairing transplanted NK cells. Blocking PS-CD300A signals with antibodies significantly amplified the expression of lysis function-related proteins and effector cytokines in NK cells, thereby augmenting the ability to lyse HMs. Clinically, heightened CD300A expression correlated with shorter survival and an "exhausted" phenotype of intratumoral NK cells in patients with HMs or solid tumors. CONCLUSIONS These results propose CD300A as a potential target for invigorating NK cell-based treatments against HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangcheng Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Tianci Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xinghui Xiao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hongdi Ma
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Hefei TG ImmunoPharma Corporation Limited, Hefei 230601, China
- Research Unit of NK Cell Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohu Zheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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19
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Qi L, Chen S, Liao Z, Fan M, Zhang J, Gao Y, Shen J, Sun Y, Wang Q. Comprehensive characterization of Fidgetin on tumor immune microenvironment evaluation and immunotherapy in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4445-4468. [PMID: 38421251 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Most cancers have a downregulation of Fidgetin (FIGN), which has been linked to tumor growth. However, there aren't many papers that mention FIGN's connection to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, FIGN expression in HCC tissues was markedly reduced as compared to nearby normal liver tissues. According to univariate and multivariate Cox regression, it served as an independent predictor of survival outcomes. Patients with high levels of FIGN expression had a worse outcome. FIGN was shown to be engaged in immune-related pathways and to have a positive correlation with immunological score and immune cells according to KEGG pathway analysis. In HCC patients, FIGN was substantially linked with immunological checkpoints and the hot tumor state. Additionally, immunotherapy and chemotherapy showed a significant therapeutic response in HCC patients with low FIGN expression. This research revealed that FIGN expression was tightly related to hepatoma immunity and might be employed as a biomarker to predict patient prognosis and guide medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longju Qi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zehua Liao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengjie Fan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiabao Shen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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20
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Gonzalez-Montes Y, Osca-Gelis G, Rodriguez-Romanos R, Villavicencio A, González-Bártulos M, Llopis F, Clapes V, Oriol A, Sureda A, Escoda L, Sarrà J, Garzó A, Lloveras N, Gómez B, Granada I, Gallardo D. CD200 genotype is associated with clinical outcome of patients with multiple myeloma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1252445. [PMID: 38455039 PMCID: PMC10917927 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1252445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune dysfunction in patients with MM affects both the innate and adaptive immune system. Molecules involved in the immune response pathways are essential to determine the ability of cancer cells to escape from the immune system surveillance. However, few data are available concerning the role of immune checkpoint molecules in predicting the myeloma control and immunological scape as mechanism of disease progression. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical impact of the CD200 genotype (rs1131199 and rs2272022) in 291 patients with newly diagnosed MM. Patients with a CD200 rs1131199 GG genotype showed a median overall survival (OS) significantly lower than those with CC+CG genotype (67.8 months versus 94.4 months respectively; p: 0.022) maintaining significance in the multivariate analysis. This effect was specially detected in patients not receiving an autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) (p < 0.001). In these patients the rs1131199 GG genotype negatively influenced in the mortality not related with the progression of MM (p: 0.02) mainly due to infections events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Gonzalez-Montes
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Gemma Osca-Gelis
- Hospital Cancer Registry Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
- Center CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Girona, Spain
| | - Rocío Rodriguez-Romanos
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Alicia Villavicencio
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Marta González-Bártulos
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Francesca Llopis
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Victòria Clapes
- Clinical Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Institut d’Investigaciò Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Oriol
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Sureda
- Clinical Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Institut d’Investigaciò Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Escoda
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Sarrà
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Garzó
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Lloveras
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Isabel Granada
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gallardo
- Hematology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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21
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Baldrich A, Althaus D, Menter T, Hirsiger JR, Köppen J, Hupfer R, Juskevicius D, Konantz M, Bosch A, Drexler B, Gerull S, Ghosh A, Meyer BJ, Jauch A, Pini K, Poletti F, Berkemeier CM, Heijnen I, Panne I, Cavelti-Weder C, Niess JH, Dixon K, Daikeler T, Hartmann K, Hess C, Halter J, Passweg J, Navarini AA, Yamamoto H, Berger CT, Recher M, Hruz P. Post-transplant Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated with Donor-Derived TIM-3 Deficiency. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:63. [PMID: 38363399 PMCID: PMC10873237 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) occurring following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (aSCT) is a very rare condition. The underlying pathogenesis needs to be better defined. There is currently no systematic effort to exclude loss- or gain-of-function mutations in immune-related genes in stem cell donors. This is despite the fact that more than 100 inborn errors of immunity may cause or contribute to IBD. We have molecularly characterized a patient who developed fulminant inflammatory bowel disease following aSCT with stable 100% donor-derived hematopoiesis. A pathogenic c.A291G; p.I97M HAVCR2 mutation encoding the immune checkpoint protein TIM-3 was identified in the patient's blood-derived DNA, while being absent in DNA derived from the skin. TIM-3 expression was much decreased in the patient's serum, and in vitro-activated patient-derived T cells expressed reduced TIM-3 levels. In contrast, T cell-intrinsic CD25 expression and production of inflammatory cytokines were preserved. TIM-3 expression was barely detectable in the immune cells of the patient's intestinal mucosa, while being detected unambiguously in the inflamed and non-inflamed colon from unrelated individuals. In conclusion, we report the first case of acquired, "transplanted" insufficiency of the regulatory TIM-3 checkpoint linked to post-aSCT IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Baldrich
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Althaus
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Menter
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia R Hirsiger
- Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julius Köppen
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Hupfer
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darius Juskevicius
- Molecular Diagnostics, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Konantz
- Allergy and Immunity Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angela Bosch
- Translational Diabetes, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Drexler
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Gerull
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Competence Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Zürich/Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt J Meyer
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annaise Jauch
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katia Pini
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Poletti
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline M Berkemeier
- Division Medical Immunology, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ingmar Heijnen
- Division Medical Immunology, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Panne
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Cavelti-Weder
- Translational Diabetes, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Dixon
- Cancer Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Daikeler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Center for Immunology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Allergy and Immunity Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hess
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University Center for Immunology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Halter
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Passweg
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Group 2, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christoph T Berger
- Translational Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- University Center for Immunology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mike Recher
- Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- University Center for Immunology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Petr Hruz
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland.
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22
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Denize T, Jegede OA, Matar S, El Ahmar N, West DJ, Walton E, Bagheri AS, Savla V, Laimon YN, Gupta S, Vemula SV, Braun DA, Burke KP, Catalano PJ, Freeman GJ, Motzer RJ, Atkins MB, McDermott DF, Sharpe AH, Choueiri TK, Signoretti S. PD-1 Expression on Intratumoral Regulatory T Cells Is Associated with Lack of Benefit from Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Metastatic Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:803-813. [PMID: 38060202 PMCID: PMC10922154 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression on CD8+TIM-3-LAG-3- tumor-infiltrating cells predicts positive response to PD-1 blockade in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). Because inhibition of PD-1 signaling in regulatory T cells (Treg) augments their immunosuppressive function, we hypothesized that PD-1 expression on tumor-infiltrating Tregs would predict resistance to PD-1 inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN PD-1+ Tregs were phenotyped using multiparametric immunofluorescence in ccRCC tissues from the CheckMate-025 trial (nivolumab: n = 91; everolimus: n = 90). Expression of CD8, PD-1, TIM-3, and LAG-3 was previously determined (Ficial and colleagues, 2021). Clinical endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS In the nivolumab (but not everolimus) arm, high percentage of PD-1+ Tregs was associated with shorter PFS (3.19 vs. 5.78 months; P = 0.021), shorter OS (18.1 vs. 27.7 months; P = 0.013) and marginally lower ORR (12.5% vs. 31.3%; P = 0.059). An integrated biomarker (PD-1 Treg/CD8 ratio) was developed by calculating the ratio between percentage of PD-1+Tregs (marker of resistance) and percentage of CD8+PD-1+TIM-3-LAG-3- cells (marker of response). In the nivolumab (but not everolimus) arm, patients with high PD-1 Treg/CD8 ratio experienced shorter PFS (3.48 vs. 9.23 months; P < 0.001), shorter OS (18.14 vs. 38.21 months; P < 0.001), and lower ORR (15.69% vs. 40.00%; P = 0.009). Compared with the individual biomarkers, the PD-1 Treg/CD8 ratio showed improved ability to predict outcomes to nivolumab versus everolimus. CONCLUSIONS PD-1 expression on Tregs is associated with resistance to PD-1 blockade in mccRCC, suggesting that targeting Tregs may synergize with PD-1 inhibition. A model that integrates PD-1 expression on Tregs and CD8+TIM-3-LAG-3- cells has higher predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Denize
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Opeyemi A. Jegede
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
| | - Sayed Matar
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Nourhan El Ahmar
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Destiny J. West
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
| | - Emily Walton
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
| | | | - Varunika Savla
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
| | - Yasmin Nabil Laimon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | | | | | - David A. Braun
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA
- Center of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT
| | - Kelly P. Burke
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Paul J. Catalano
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA
| | - Gordon J. Freeman
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
| | - Robert J. Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York, NY
| | | | - David F. McDermott
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA
| | - Arlene H. Sharpe
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
| | - Toni K. Choueiri
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA
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23
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Zhou Y, Wang F, Li G, Xu J, Zhang J, Gullen E, Yang J, Wang J. From immune checkpoints to therapies: understanding immune checkpoint regulation and the influence of natural products and traditional medicine on immune checkpoint and immunotherapy in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340307. [PMID: 38426097 PMCID: PMC10902058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease of global concern, and immunotherapy has brought lung cancer therapy to a new era. Besides promising effects in the clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and low response rates are problems unsolved. Natural products and traditional medicine with an immune-modulating nature have the property to influence immune checkpoint expression and can improve immunotherapy's effect with relatively low toxicity. This review summarizes currently approved immunotherapy and the current mechanisms known to regulate immune checkpoint expression in lung cancer. It lists natural products and traditional medicine capable of influencing immune checkpoints or synergizing with immunotherapy in lung cancer, exploring both their effects and underlying mechanisms. Future research on immune checkpoint modulation and immunotherapy combination applying natural products and traditional medicine will be based on a deeper understanding of their mechanisms regulating immune checkpoints. Continued exploration of natural products and traditional medicine holds the potential to enhance the efficacy and reduce the adverse reactions of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangda Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Elizabeth Gullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Lippert AH, Paluch C, Gaglioni M, Vuong MT, McColl J, Jenkins E, Fellermeyer M, Clarke J, Sharma S, Moreira da Silva S, Akkaya B, Anzilotti C, Morgan SH, Jessup CF, Körbel M, Gileadi U, Leitner J, Knox R, Chirifu M, Huo J, Yu S, Ashman N, Lui Y, Wilkinson I, Attfield KE, Fugger L, Robertson NJ, Lynch CJ, Murray L, Steinberger P, Santos AM, Lee SF, Cornall RJ, Klenerman D, Davis SJ. Antibody agonists trigger immune receptor signaling through local exclusion of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. Immunity 2024; 57:256-270.e10. [PMID: 38354703 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Antibodies can block immune receptor engagement or trigger the receptor machinery to initiate signaling. We hypothesized that antibody agonists trigger signaling by sterically excluding large receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) such as CD45 from sites of receptor engagement. An agonist targeting the costimulatory receptor CD28 produced signals that depended on antibody immobilization and were sensitive to the sizes of the receptor, the RPTPs, and the antibody itself. Although both the agonist and a non-agonistic anti-CD28 antibody locally excluded CD45, the agonistic antibody was more effective. An anti-PD-1 antibody that bound membrane proximally excluded CD45, triggered Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 recruitment, and suppressed systemic lupus erythematosus and delayed-type hypersensitivity in experimental models. Paradoxically, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, anti-PD-1-blocking antibodies used clinically, also excluded CD45 and were agonistic in certain settings. Reducing these agonistic effects using antibody engineering improved PD-1 blockade. These findings establish a framework for developing new and improved therapies for autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher Paluch
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; MiroBio Ltd, Winchester House, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Meike Gaglioni
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mai T Vuong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James McColl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Jenkins
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Fellermeyer
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joseph Clarke
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sumana Sharma
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Billur Akkaya
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Consuelo Anzilotti
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sara H Morgan
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire F Jessup
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Markus Körbel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Judith Leitner
- Division of Immune Receptors and T cell Activation, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Knox
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mami Chirifu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiandong Huo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan Yu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Ashman
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuan Lui
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kathrine E Attfield
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lars Fugger
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Lynne Murray
- MiroBio Ltd, Winchester House, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Division of Immune Receptors and T cell Activation, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Mafalda Santos
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steven F Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard J Cornall
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Simon J Davis
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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25
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Saxena R, Gottlin EB, Campa MJ, Bushey RT, Guo J, Patz EF, He YW. Complement factor H: a novel innate immune checkpoint in cancer immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1302490. [PMID: 38389705 PMCID: PMC10883309 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1302490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The elimination of cancer cells critically depends on the immune system. However, cancers have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms to evade immune monitoring, leading to tumor progression. Complement factor H (CFH), predominately known for its function in inhibiting the alternative pathway of the complement system, has recently been identified as an important innate immunological checkpoint in cancer. CFH-mediated immunosuppression enhances tumor cells' ability to avoid immune recognition and produce an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review explores the molecular underpinnings, interactions with immune cells, clinical consequences, and therapeutic possibilities of CFH as an innate immune checkpoint in cancer control. The difficulties and opportunities of using CFH as a target in cancer immunotherapy are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Saxena
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth B Gottlin
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael J Campa
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ryan T Bushey
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Edward F Patz
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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26
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Zhou LZ, Xiao HQ, Chen J. Mismatch repair gene MSH6 correlates with the prognosis, immune status and immune checkpoint inhibitors response of endometrial cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302797. [PMID: 38390329 PMCID: PMC10881679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Many patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) developed primary or secondary drug resistance for unknown reasons. This study investigates whether mismatch repair (MMR) genes are responsible for this therapeutic restriction. Methods We obtained the transcriptional, clinical and single nucleotide polymorphism data for endometrial cancer (EC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the immunophenoscore data of EC from The Cancer Immunome Atlas, then analyzed in R to evaluate the relationship between MMR genes and clinicopathological features, prognosis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression and responsiveness to ICIs in EC. We used differentially expressed genes in the MSH6 high and low expression groups to conduct GO and KEGG analyses to explore the impact of MSH6 on the biological functions of EC. Finally, we verified the bioinformatics results with in vitro experiments. Results Our analyses showed that compared with the high MSH6 expression group, the low MSH6 expression group had better survival outcomes and less aggressive clinicopathological features. In the multivariate Cox analysis, MSH6 was the only independent risk factor that could predict the prognosis of EC. Besides, the low MSH6 expression group also had a higher immune score, more active immune infiltration and higher immune checkpoint expression, resulting in better responsiveness to ICIs treatment, consistent with the enrichment of GO terms and KEGG pathways related to immune response in this group. Meanwhile, the GO and KEGG enrichment results of the MSH6 high expression group were associated with cell cycle, DNA damage repair and tumorigenesis. To exclude the influence of MSH6 mutations, we performed the previous analyses on the MSH6 wild-type tumor samples and obtained consistent results. In vitro experiments also confirmed that after knocking down MSH6 in endometrial cancer cells, their proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were weakened, while the expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-L2 were elevated. In comparison, overexpression of MSH6 showed an opposite trend. Conclusion Reduced MSH6 expression could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting better prognosis, active immune status, higher immune checkpoint expression level and better responsiveness to ICIs treatment in EC. MSH6 may become a potential target for treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhi Zhou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Qi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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27
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Kennedy PT, Saulters EL, Duckworth AD, Lim YJ, Woolley JF, Slupsky JR, Cragg MS, Ward FJ, Dahal LN. Soluble CTLA-4 attenuates T cell activation and modulates anti-tumor immunity. Mol Ther 2024; 32:457-468. [PMID: 38053333 PMCID: PMC10861965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CTLA-4 is a crucial immune checkpoint receptor involved in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, tolerance, and tumor control. Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been promising treatments for numerous cancers, but the mechanistic basis of their anti-tumoral immune-boosting effects is poorly understood. Although the ctla4 gene also encodes an alternatively spliced soluble variant (sCTLA-4), preclinical/clinical evaluation of anti-CTLA-4-based immunotherapies have not considered the contribution of this isoform. Here, we explore the functional properties of sCTLA-4 and evaluate the efficacy of isoform-specific anti-sCTLA-4 antibody targeting in a murine cancer model. We show that expression of sCTLA-4 by tumor cells suppresses CD8+ T cells in vitro and accelerates growth and experimental metastasis of murine tumors in vivo. These effects were accompanied by modification of the immune infiltrate, notably restraining CD8+ T cells in a non-cytotoxic state. sCTLA-4 blockade with isoform-specific antibody reversed this restraint, enhancing intratumoral CD8+ T cell activation and cytolytic potential, correlating with therapeutic efficacy and tumor control. This previously unappreciated role of sCTLA-4 suggests that the biology and function of multi-gene products of immune checkpoint receptors need to be fully elucidated for improved mechanistic understanding of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - Emma L Saulters
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew D Duckworth
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - Yeong Jer Lim
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - John F Woolley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - Joseph R Slupsky
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Frank J Ward
- Department of Immunology, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lekh N Dahal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, L69 3GE Liverpool, UK.
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28
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Raskova Kafkova L, Mierzwicka JM, Chakraborty P, Jakubec P, Fischer O, Skarda J, Maly P, Raska M. NSCLC: from tumorigenesis, immune checkpoint misuse to current and future targeted therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342086. [PMID: 38384472 PMCID: PMC10879685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is largely promoted by a multistep tumorigenesis process involving various genetic and epigenetic alterations, which essentially contribute to the high incidence of mortality among patients with NSCLC. Clinical observations revealed that NSCLC also co-opts a multifaceted immune checkpoint dysregulation as an important driving factor in NSCLC progression and development. For example, a deregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway has been noticed in 50-70% of NSCLC cases, primarily modulated by mutations in key oncogenes such as ALK, EGFR, KRAS, and others. Additionally, genetic association studies containing patient-specific factors and local reimbursement criteria expose/reveal mutations in EGFR/ALK/ROS/BRAF/KRAS/PD-L1 proteins to determine the suitability of available immunotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Thus, the expression of such checkpoints on tumors and immune cells is pivotal in understanding the therapeutic efficacy and has been extensively studied for NSCLC treatments. Therefore, this review summarizes current knowledge in NSCLC tumorigenesis, focusing on its genetic and epigenetic intricacies, immune checkpoint dysregulation, and the evolving landscape of targeted therapies. In the context of current and future therapies, we emphasize the significance of antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 interactions as the primary therapeutic strategy for immune system reactivation in NSCLC. Other approaches involving the promising potential of nanobodies, probodies, affibodies, and DARPINs targeting immune checkpoints are also described; these are under active research or clinical trials to mediate immune regulation and reduce cancer progression. This comprehensive review underscores the multifaceted nature, current state and future directions of NSCLC research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Raskova Kafkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Joanna M. Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Prosenjit Chakraborty
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Jakubec
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Fischer
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Petr Maly
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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29
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Funauchi M, Serada S, Hiramatsu K, Funajima E, Kanda M, Nagase Y, Nakagawa S, Ohkawara T, Fujimoto M, Suzuki Y, Ueda Y, Kimura T, Naka T. Tumor cell-expressed lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor negatively regulates T-cell function. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:425-433. [PMID: 37728485 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is known as a lipoprotein receptor. LSR is expressed in various solid tumors, including epithelial ovarian, gastric, and colon cancers. High LSR expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis, but its role in cancer has not been fully elucidated. LSR belongs to the Ig protein superfamily, which is conserved in B7 family. Here, we assessed LSR as a novel immune checkpoint molecule. We developed a novel anti-LSR antibody (#27-6 mF-18) that defects antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity activity. The #27-6 mF-18 cross-reacts with both human and mouse LSR. We found that LSR was expressed on 4T1 murine breast cancer cell line. The #27-6 mF-18 exhibited antitumor effects against the 4T1 syngeneic tumor model, a poor immunogenic model refractory to treatment with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. Compared with control antibody-treated mice, mice treated with #27-6 mF-18 showed significantly increased numbers of CD8+ T cells and a ratio of activated CD8+ T cells infiltrated in the tumor tissue. This antitumor effect was abrogated by CD8+ T-cell depletion through anti-CD8 antibody treatment, indicating that LSR negatively regulates tumor immunity by repressing CD8+ T cells. These findings show that LSR negatively regulates T-cell immune activity. LSR targeting could provide immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Funauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Satoshi Serada
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hiramatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Funajima
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kanda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Nagase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Ohkawara
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujimoto
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Naka
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
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30
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Zhang Q, Yang C, Gao X, Dong J, Zhong C. Phytochemicals in regulating PD-1/PD-L1 and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:776-796. [PMID: 38050789 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical treatment and preclinical studies have highlighted the role of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment. Research has been devoted to developing immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with other drugs to achieve better efficacy or reduce adverse effects. Phytochemicals sourced from vegetables and fruits have demonstrated antiproliferative, proapoptotic, anti-migratory, and antiangiogenic effects against several cancers. Phytochemicals also modulate the tumor microenvironment such as T cells, regulatory T cells, and cytokines. Recently, several phytochemicals have been reported to modulate immune checkpoint proteins in in vivo or in vitro models. Phytochemicals decreased programmed cell death ligand-1 expression and synergized programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody to suppress tumor growth. Combined administration of phytochemicals and PD-1 monoclonal antibody enhanced the tumor growth inhibition as well as CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell infiltration. In this review, we discuss immune checkpoint molecules as potential therapeutic targets of cancers. We further assess the impact of phytochemicals including carotenoids, polyphenols, saponins, and organosulfur compounds on cancer PD-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 immune checkpoint molecules and document their combination effects with immune checkpoint inhibitors on various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenying Yang
- Yinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingsu Gao
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ju Dong
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Wang B, Wang Z, Li Y, Shang Z, Liu Z, Fan H, Zhan R, Xin T. TRIM56: a promising prognostic immune biomarker for glioma revealed by pan-cancer and single-cell analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1327898. [PMID: 38348047 PMCID: PMC10859405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1327898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tripartite-motif 56 (TRIM56) is a member of the TRIM family, and was shown to be an interferon-inducible E3 ubiquitin ligase that can be overexpressed upon stimulation with double-stranded DNA to regulate stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to produce type I interferon and thus mediate innate immune responses. Its role in tumors remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the expression of the TRIM56 gene and its prognostic value in pan-cancer, identifying TRIM56 expression as an adverse prognostic factor in glioma patients. Therefore, glioma was selected as the primary focus of our investigation. We explored the differential expression of TRIM56 in various glioma subtypes and verified its role as an independent prognostic factor in gliomas. Our research revealed that TRIM56 is associated with malignant biological behaviors in gliomas, such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, it can mediate M2 polarization of macrophages in gliomas. The results were validated in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we utilized single-cell analysis to investigate the impact of TRIM56 expression on cell communication between glioma cells and non-tumor cells. We constructed a multi-gene signature based on cell markers of tumor cells with high TRIM56 expression to enhance the prediction of cancer patient prognosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that TRIM56 serves as a reliable immune-related prognostic biomarker in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zehan Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rucai Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Lopresti L, Capitani N, Tatangelo V, Tangredi C, Boncompagni G, Frezzato F, Visentin A, Marotta G, Ciofini S, Gozzetti A, Bocchia M, Trentin L, Baldari CT, Patrussi L. p66Shc deficiency in CLL cells enhances PD-L1 expression and suppresses immune synapse formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1297116. [PMID: 38389706 PMCID: PMC10883382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1297116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Escape from immunosurveillance is a hallmark of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. In the protective niche of lymphoid organs, leukemic cells suppress the ability of T lymphocytes to form the immune synapse (IS), thereby hampering T-cell mediated anti-tumoral activities. By binding its cognate receptor PD-1 at the surface of T lymphocytes, the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, which is overexpressed in CLL cells, mediates the T-cell suppressive activities of CLL cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells remains unknown. We have previously reported a defective expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidant adaptor p66Shc in CLL cells, which is causally related to an impairment in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and to the activation of the ROS-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB. The fact that PD-L1 expression is regulated by NF-κB suggests a mechanistic relationship between p66Shc deficiency and PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells. Methods: 62 treatment-naive CLL patients and 43 healthy donors were included in this study. PD-L1 and p66Shc expression was quantified in B cells by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. IS architecture and local signaling was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. CD8+ cell killing activity was assessed by flow cytometry. Results: Here we show that residual p66Shc expression in leukemic cells isolated both from CLL patients and from the CLL mouse model Eμ-TCL1 inversely correlated with PD-L1 expression. We also show that the PD-L1 increase prevented leukemic cells from forming ISs with T lymphocytes. Reconstitution of p66Shc, but not of a ROS-defective mutant, in both CLL cells and the CLL-derived cell line MEC-1, enhanced intracellular ROS and decreased PD-L1 expression. Similar results were obtained following treatment of CLL cells with H2O2 as exogenous source of ROS, that normalized PD-L1 expression and recovered IS formation. Discussion: Our data provide direct evidence that the p66Shc-deficiency-related ROS depletion in CLL cells concurs to enhance PD-L1 expression and provides a mechanistic basis for the suppression of T cell-mediated anti-tumoral functions in the immunosuppressive lymphoid niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marotta
- Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Ciofini
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzetti
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Monica Bocchia
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Laura Patrussi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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He C, Guo Z, Zhang H, Yang G, Gao J, Mo Z. Identification and validation of methylation-CpG prognostic signature for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1733-1749. [PMID: 38244582 PMCID: PMC10866447 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic biomarkers help predict the prognosis of cancer patients and evaluating the clinical outcome of immunization therapy. In this study, we present a personalized gene methylation-CpG signature to enhance the accuracy of survival prediction for individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Utilizing RNA sequencing and methylation datasets from GEO as well as TCGA, we conducted single sample GSEA (ssGSEA), WGCNA, as well as Cox regression. Through these analyses, we identified 175 oxidative stress and immune-related genes along with 4 CpG loci that are associated with the prognosis of HCC. Subsequently, we constructed a prognostic signature for HCC utilizing these 4 CpG sites, referred to as the HCC Prognostic Signature of Methylation-CpG sites (HPSM). Further investigation revealed an enrichment of immune-related signal pathways in the HPSM-low group, which demonstrated a positive correlation with better survival among HCC patients. Moreover, the methylation of the CpG sites in HPSM was found to be closely linked to drug sensitivity. In vitro experiments tentatively confirmed that promoter methylation regulated the expression of BMPER, one of the CpG sites within HPSM. The expression of BMPER was significantly correlated with cell death in the oxidative stress pathway, and overexpression of BMPER effectively inhibited HCC cell proliferation. Consequently, our findings suggest that HPSM is an independent predictive factor and holds promise for accurately predicting the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei He
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
- Chandi Precision Medical Technology, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehao Guo
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Ganqing Yang
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Jintao Gao
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhijing Mo
- School of Intelligent Medicine and Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Guilin Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
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Mestrallet G. Predicting Immunotherapy Outcomes in Glioblastoma Patients through Machine Learning. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:408. [PMID: 38254897 PMCID: PMC10813889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive cancer associated with a dismal prognosis, with a mere 5% of patients surviving beyond five years post diagnosis. Current therapeutic modalities encompass surgical intervention, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs). However, the efficacy of ICBs remains limited in glioblastoma patients, necessitating a proactive approach to anticipate treatment response and resistance. In this comprehensive study, we conducted a rigorous analysis involving two distinct glioblastoma patient cohorts subjected to PD-1 blockade treatments. Our investigation revealed that a significant portion (60%) of patients exhibit persistent disease progression despite ICB intervention. To elucidate the underpinnings of resistance, we characterized the immune profiles of glioblastoma patients with continued cancer progression following anti-PD1 therapy. These profiles revealed multifaceted defects, encompassing compromised macrophage, monocyte, and T follicular helper responses, impaired antigen presentation, aberrant regulatory T cell (Tregs) responses, and heightened expression of immunosuppressive molecules (TGFB, IL2RA, and CD276). Building upon these resistance profiles, we leveraged cutting-edge machine learning algorithms to develop predictive models and accompanying software. This innovative computational tool achieved remarkable success, accurately forecasting the progression status of 82.82% of the glioblastoma patients in our study following ICBs, based on their unique immune characteristics. In conclusion, our pioneering approach advocates for the personalization of immunotherapy in glioblastoma patients. By harnessing patient-specific attributes and computational predictions, we offer a promising avenue for the enhancement of clinical outcomes in the realm of immunotherapy. This paradigm shift towards tailored therapies underscores the potential to revolutionize the management of glioblastoma, opening new horizons for improved patient care.
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Adhikary S, Pathak S, Palani V, Acar A, Banerjee A, Al-Dewik NI, Essa MM, Mohammed SGAA, Qoronfleh MW. Current Technologies and Future Perspectives in Immunotherapy towards a Clinical Oncology Approach. Biomedicines 2024; 12:217. [PMID: 38255322 PMCID: PMC10813720 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is now established as a potent therapeutic paradigm engendering antitumor immune response against a wide range of malignancies and other diseases by modulating the immune system either through the stimulation or suppression of immune components such as CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. By targeting several immune checkpoint inhibitors or blockers (e.g., PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA-4, LAG3, and TIM-3) expressed on the surface of immune cells, several monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies have been developed and already translated clinically. In addition, natural killer cell-based, dendritic cell-based, and CAR T cell therapies have been also shown to be promising and effective immunotherapeutic approaches. In particular, CAR T cell therapy has benefited from advancements in CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology, allowing the generation of several modified CAR T cells with enhanced antitumor immunity. However, the emerging SARS-CoV-2 infection could hijack a patient's immune system by releasing pro-inflammatory interleukins and cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10, and IFN-γ and TNF-α, respectively, which can further promote neutrophil extravasation and the vasodilation of blood vessels. Despite the significant development of advanced immunotherapeutic technologies, after a certain period of treatment, cancer relapses due to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Resistance may be primary (where tumor cells do not respond to the treatment), or secondary or acquired immune resistance (where tumor cells develop resistance gradually to ICIs therapy). In this context, this review aims to address the existing immunotherapeutic technologies against cancer and the resistance mechanisms against immunotherapeutic drugs, and explain the impact of COVID-19 on cancer treatment. In addition, we will discuss what will be the future implementation of these strategies against cancer drug resistance. Finally, we will emphasize the practical steps to lay the groundwork for enlightened policy for intervention and resource allocation to care for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamay Adhikary
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Vignesh Palani
- Faculty of Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Türkiye;
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Nader I. Al-Dewik
- Department of Pediatrics, Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 00974, Qatar;
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | | | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Division, Q3 Research Institute (QRI), Ypsilanti, MI 48917, USA
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Filderman JN, Taylor JL, Wang J, Zhang Y, Singh P, Ross MA, Watkins SC, Nedal Al Bzour A, Karapetyan L, Kalinski P, Storkus WJ. Antagonism of regulatory ISGs enhances the anti-melanoma efficacy of STING agonists. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1334769. [PMID: 38312842 PMCID: PMC10835797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1334769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) is a dsDNA sensor that triggers type I inflammatory responses. Recent data from our group and others support the therapeutic efficacy of STING agonists applied intratumorally or systemically in a range of murine tumor models, with treatment benefits associated with tumor vascular normalization and improved immune cell recruitment and function within the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, such interventions are rarely curative and STING agonism coordinately upregulates expression of immunoregulatory interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) including Arg2, Cox2, Isg15, Nos2, and Pdl1 that may limit treatment benefits. We hypothesized that combined treatment of melanoma-bearing mice with STING agonist ADU-S100 together with antagonists of regulatory ISGs would result in improved control of tumor growth vs. treatment with ADU-S100 alone. Methods Mice bearing either B16 (BRAFWTPTENWT) or BPR20 (BRAFV600EPTEN-/-) melanomas were treated with STING agonist ADU-S100 plus various inhibitors of ARG2, COX2, NOS2, PD-L1, or ISG15. Tumor growth control and changes in the TME were evaluated for combination treatment vs ADU-S100 monotherapy by tumor area measurements and flow cytometry/transcriptional profiling, respectively. Results In the B16 melanoma model, we noted improved antitumor efficacy only when ADU-S100 was combined with neutralizing/blocking antibodies against PD-L1 or ISG15, but not inhibitors of ARG2, COX2, or NOS2. Conversely, in the BPR20 melanoma model, improved tumor growth control vs. ADU-S100 monotherapy was only observed when combining ADU-S100 with ARG2i, COX2i, and NOS2i, but not anti-PD-L1 or anti-ISG15. Immune changes in the TME associated with improved treatment outcomes were subtle but included increases in proinflammatory innate immune cells and activated CD8+CD69+ T cells and varied between the two tumor models. Conclusions These data suggest contextual differences in the relative contributions of individual regulatory ISGs that serve to operationally limit the anti-tumor efficacy of STING agonists which should be considered in future design of novel combination protocols for optimal treatment benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N. Filderman
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Prashant Singh
- Genomics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Mark A. Ross
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ayah Nedal Al Bzour
- Department of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lilit Karapetyan
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Walter J. Storkus
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Deng S, Liu J, Yu J, Chi H, Han X, Zhang Y, Shi J, Wang Y, Quan Y, Li H, Xu J. Discovery of galectin-8 as an LILRB4 ligand driving M-MDSCs defines a class of antibodies to fight solid tumors. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101374. [PMID: 38232701 PMCID: PMC10829871 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
LILRB4 is an immunosuppressive receptor, and its targeting drugs are undergoing multiple preclinical and clinical trials. Currently, the absence of a functional LILRB4 ligand in solid tumors not only limits the strategy of early antibody screening but also leads to the lack of companion diagnostic (CDx) criteria, which is critical to the objective response rate in early-stage clinical trials. Here, we show that galectin-8 (Gal-8) is a high-affinity functional ligand of LILRB4, and its ligation induces M-MDSC by activating STAT3 and inhibiting NF-κB. Significantly, Gal-8, but not APOE, can induce MDSC, and both ligands bind LILRB4 noncompetitively. Gal-8 expression promotes in vivo tumor growth in mice, and the knockout of LILRB4 attenuates tumor growth in this context. Antibodies capable of functionally blocking Gal-8 are able to suppress tumor growth in vivo. These results identify Gal-8 as an MDSC-driving ligand of LILRB4, and they redefine a class of antibodies for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufan Sun
- BioTroy Therapeutics, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouyan Deng
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayang Liu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianghong Yu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xue Han
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yungang Wang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | - Hai Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Mangelinck A, Dubuisson A, Becht E, Dromaint-Catesson S, Fasquel M, Provost N, Walas D, Darville H, Galizzi JP, Lefebvre C, Blanc V, Lombardi V. Characterization of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells responses in the mixed lymphocyte reaction by flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1320481. [PMID: 38283342 PMCID: PMC10820991 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) consists in the allogeneic co-culture of monocytes derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) with T cells from another donor. This in vitro assay is largely used for the assessment of immunotherapy compounds. Nevertheless, the phenotypic changes associated with lymphocyte responsiveness under MLR have never been thoroughly evaluated. Methods Here, we used multiplex cytokine and chemokine assays, multiparametric flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing to deeply characterize T cells activation and function in the context of CD4+- and CD8+-specific MLR kinetics. Results We showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in MLR share common classical markers of response such as polyfunctionality, increased proliferation and CD25 expression but differ in their kinetics and amplitude of activation as well as their patterns of cytokines secretion and immune checkpoints expression. The analysis of immunoreactive Ki-67+CD25+ T cells identified PBK, LRR1 and MYO1G as new potential markers of MLR response. Using cell-cell communication network inference and pathway analysis on single cell RNA sequencing data, we also highlighted key components of the immunological synapse occurring between T cells and the stimulatory MoDCs together with downstream signaling pathways involved in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activation. Conclusion These results provide a deep understanding of the kinetics of the MLR assay for CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and may allow to better characterize compounds impacting MLR and eventually identify new strategies for immunotherapy in cancer.
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Surmiak E, Ząber J, Plewka J, Wojtanowicz G, Kocik-Krol J, Kruc O, Muszak D, Rodríguez I, Musielak B, Viviano M, Castellano S, Skalniak L, Magiera-Mularz K, Holak TA, Kalinowska-Tłuścik J. Solubilizer Tag Effect on PD-L1/Inhibitor Binding Properties for m-Terphenyl Derivatives. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:36-44. [PMID: 38229762 PMCID: PMC10788941 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Although heavily studied, the subject of anti-PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitors is still elusive. Here we present a systematic overview of the principles behind successful anti-PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitor design on the example of the m-terphenyl scaffold, with a particular focus on the neglected influence of the solubilizer tag on the overall affinity toward PD-L1. The inhibitor developed according to the proposed guidelines was characterized through its potency in blocking PD-1/PD-L1 complex formation in homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence and cell-based assays. The affinity is also explained based on the crystal structure of the inhibitor itself and its costructure with PD-L1 as well as a molecular modeling study. Our results structuralize the knowledge related to the strong pharmacophore feature of the m-terphenyl scaffold preferential geometry and the more complex role of the solubilizer tag in PD-L1 homodimer stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Surmiak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Julia Ząber
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jacek Plewka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wojtanowicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Justyna Kocik-Krol
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - Oskar Kruc
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - Damian Muszak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Ismael Rodríguez
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
| | - Bogdan Musielak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Monica Viviano
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84085 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84085 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lukasz Skalniak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Tad A. Holak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
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Su J, Fu Y, Cui Z, Abidin Z, Yuan J, Zhang X, Li R, Zhao C. Relatlimab: a novel drug targeting immune checkpoint LAG-3 in melanoma therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1349081. [PMID: 38269271 PMCID: PMC10806167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1349081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Relatlimab is a type of human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal blocking antibody. It is the world's first Lymphocyte-Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitor and the third immune checkpoint inhibitor with clinical application, following PD-1 and CTLA-4. Relatlimab can bind to the LAG-3 receptor which blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and its ligand to reduce LAG-3 pathway-mediated immunosuppression and promote T-cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell death. On 18 March 2022, the U.S. FDA approved the fixed-dose combination of relatlimab developed by Bristol Myers Squibb with nivolumab, under the brand name Opdualag for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in adult and pediatric patients aged 12 and older. This study comprehensively describes the mechanism of action and clinical trials of relatlimab and a brief overview of immune checkpoint drugs currently used for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yiting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zitong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zain Abidin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xinmiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Runmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunzhen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Ponce-de-León C, Lorite P, López-Casado MÁ, Mora P, Palomeque T, Torres MI. Expression of Elafin and CD200 as Immune Checkpoint Molecules Involved in Celiac Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:852. [PMID: 38255930 PMCID: PMC10815464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We comprehensively evaluated the expression of therapeutically targetable immune checkpoint molecules involved in celiac disease (CD). We have focused on the alteration of the CD200/CD200R pathway and Elafin expression in celiac disease and discussed their roles in regulating the immune response. There are limited data related to the expression or function of these molecules in celiac disease. This finding could significantly contribute to the understanding of the clinical manifestation of CD. CD200, CD200R and Elafin distributions were determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry analyses in serum and biopsies of CD patients. Analyses of Th1 and Th17 cytokines were determined. PCR amplification of a fragment of the PI3 gene was carried out using genomic DNA isolated from whole blood samples of the study subjects. Different aliquots of the PCR reaction product were subjected to RFLP analysis for SNP genotyping and detection. We characterized the expression and function of the CD200-CD200R axis and PI3 in celiac disease. A significantly higher level of soluble CD200 and CD200R and lower expression of PI3 in serum of CD patients was observed compared to healthy controls. Consistent with our results, CD200 expression is regulated by IFN-gamma. Interaction of CD200/CD200R leads to production of type-Th1 and -Th17 cytokines. Regarding the PI3 genotype, the CT genotype proportion SNP rs1733103 and the GG genotype SNP rs41282752 were predominant in CD patients. SNP rs1733103 showed a significant association between the SNP variables and CD. In celiac disease the immune checkpoint is compromised or dysregulated, which can contribute to inflammation and the autoimmunity process. The study of these checkpoint points will lead to the development of targeted therapies aimed at restoring immunological balance in CD. Specific coding regions of the PI3 gene-splice variants predispose the Elafin protein, both at the transcriptional and post-translational levels, to modify its expression and function, resulting in reduced differential functional protein levels in patients with active celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Ponce-de-León
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.P.-d.-L.); (P.L.); (P.M.); (T.P.)
| | - Pedro Lorite
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.P.-d.-L.); (P.L.); (P.M.); (T.P.)
| | | | - Pablo Mora
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.P.-d.-L.); (P.L.); (P.M.); (T.P.)
| | - Teresa Palomeque
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.P.-d.-L.); (P.L.); (P.M.); (T.P.)
| | - María Isabel Torres
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.P.-d.-L.); (P.L.); (P.M.); (T.P.)
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Ying L, Hu Z, Lu Y, Tao Q, Xiong F, Shu Y, Yang Y, Qiao X, Peng C, Jiang Y, Han M, Xu M, Li X, Wang D. An oncogene regulating chromatin favors response to immunotherapy: Oncogene CHAF1A and immunotherapy outcomes. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2303195. [PMID: 38235318 PMCID: PMC10793680 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2303195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Many biological processes related to cell function and fate begin with chromatin alterations, and many factors associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are actually downstream events of chromatin alterations, such as genome changes, neoantigen production, and immune checkpoint expression. However, the influence of genes as chromatin regulators on the efficacy of ICIs remains elusive, especially in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, thirty out of 1593 genes regulating chromatin associated with a favorable prognosis were selected for GC. CHAF1A, a well-defined oncogene, was identified as the highest linkage hub gene. High CHAF1A expression were associated with microsatellite instability (MSI), high tumor mutation burden (TMB), high tumor neoantigen burden (TNB), high expressions of PD-L1 and immune effector genes, and live infiltration of immune cells. High CHAF1A expression indicated a favorable response and prognosis in immunotherapy of several cohorts, which was independent of MSI, TMB, TNB, PD-L1 expression, immune phenotype and transcriptome scoring, and improved patient selection based on these classic biomarkers. In vivo, CHAF1A knockdown alone inhibited tumor growth but it impaired the effect of an anti-PD-1 antibody by increasing the relative tumor proliferation rate and decreasing the survival benefit, potentially through the activation of TGF-β signaling. In conclusion, CHAF1A may be a novel biomarker for improving patient selection in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqian Ying
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Oncology, Zhong-Da Hospital, Medicine School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangmin Hu
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fen Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital & The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xuehan Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuchun Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Miao Han
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Digestive Disease Institute&Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Wilk SM, Lee K, Gajda AM, Haloul M, Macias V, Wiley EL, Chen Z, Liu X, Wang X, Sverdlov M, Hoskins KF, Emrah E. Multiplex Imaging Reveals Novel Subcellular, Microenvironmental, and Racial Patterns of MRTFA/B Activation in Invasive Breast Cancers and Metastases. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.03.573909. [PMID: 38260321 PMCID: PMC10802460 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.03.573909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer progression and metastasis involve the action of multiple transcription factors in tumors and in the cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and understanding how these transcription factors are coordinated can guide novel therapeutic strategies. Myocardin related transcription factors A and B (MRTFA/B) are two related transcription factors that redundantly control cancer cell invasion and metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer, but their roles in human cancer are incompletely understood. Here, we used a combination of multiplexed immunofluorescence and bioinformatics analyses to show that MRTFA/B are concurrently activated in tumor cells, but they show distinct patterns of expression across different histological subtypes and in the TME. Importantly, MRTFA expression was elevated in metastatic tumors of African American patients, who disproportionately die from breast cancer. Interestingly, in contrast to publicly available mRNA expression data, MRTFA was similarly expressed across estrogen receptor (ER) positive and negative breast tumors, while MRTFB expression was highest in ER+ breast tumors. Furthermore, MRTFA was specifically expressed in the perivascular antigen presenting cells (APCs) and its expression correlated with the expression of the immune checkpoint protein V-set immunoregulatory receptor (VSIR). These results provide unique insights into how MRTFA and MRTFB can promote metastasis in human cancer, into the racial disparities of their expression patterns, and their function within the complex breast cancer TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Wilk
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kihak Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Alexa M. Gajda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mohamed Haloul
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Virgilia Macias
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Zhengjia Chen
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Maria Sverdlov
- Research Histology Core, Research Resources Center, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kent F. Hoskins
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ekrem Emrah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Kim M, Yoon HJ, Lee C, Lee M, Park RW, Lee B, Park EJ, Kim S. Immune Checkpoint-Blocking Nanocages Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier and Impede Brain Tumor Growth. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:575-587. [PMID: 38150627 PMCID: PMC10777349 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest tumor of the central nervous system, with a median survival of less than 15 months. Despite many trials, immune checkpoint-blocking (ICB) therapies using monoclonal antibodies against the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have demonstrated only limited benefits for GBM patients. Currently, the main hurdles in brain tumor therapy include limited drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the profoundly immune-suppressive microenvironment of GBM. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapeutics that can cross the BBB and target brain tumors to modulate the immune microenvironment. To this end, we developed an ICB strategy based on the BBB-permeable, 24-subunit human ferritin heavy chain, modifying the ferritin surface with 24 copies of PD-L1-blocking peptides to create ferritin-based ICB nanocages. The PD-L1pep ferritin nanocages first demonstrated their tumor-targeting and antitumor activities in an allograft colon cancer model. Next, we found that these PD-L1pep ferritin nanocages efficiently penetrated the BBB and targeted brain tumors through specific interactions with PD-L1, significantly inhibiting tumor growth in an orthotopic intracranial tumor model. The addition of PD-L1pep ferritin nanocages to triple in vitro cocultures of T cells, GBM cells, and glial cells significantly inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interactions and restored T-cell activity. Collectively, these findings indicate that ferritin nanocages displaying PD-L1-blocking peptides can overcome the primary hurdle of brain tumor therapy and are, therefore, promising candidates for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseong Kim
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21
Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National
University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic
of Korea
- CMRI,
School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Yoon
- Immuno-Oncology
Branch, Division of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of
Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer
Center, Goyang 10408, Republic
of Korea
| | - Chanju Lee
- Immuno-Oncology
Branch, Division of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of
Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer
Center, Goyang 10408, Republic
of Korea
| | - Minah Lee
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21
Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National
University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic
of Korea
- CMRI,
School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Rang-Woon Park
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21
Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National
University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic
of Korea
- CMRI,
School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungheon Lee
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21
Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National
University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic
of Korea
- CMRI,
School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Immuno-Oncology
Branch, Division of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of
Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer
Center, Goyang 10408, Republic
of Korea
| | - Soyoun Kim
- Department
of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21
Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical
Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National
University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic
of Korea
- CMRI,
School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Manuel G, Coleman M, Orvis AS, Munson J, Li A, Kapur RP, Li M, Li E, Armistead B, Rajagopal L, Adams Waldorf KM. Spatial profiling of the placental chorioamniotic membranes reveals upregulation of immune checkpoint proteins during Group B Streptococcus infection in a nonhuman primate model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1299644. [PMID: 38239507 PMCID: PMC10794649 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1299644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, which is often complicated by intrauterine infection and inflammation. We have established a nonhuman primate model of Group B Streptococcus (GBS, Streptococcus agalactiae) infection-associated preterm birth. Immune checkpoints are modulators of the immune response by activating or suppressing leukocyte function and are understudied in preterm birth. The objective of this study was to spatially profile changes in immune protein expression at the maternal-fetal interface during a GBS infection with a focus on immune checkpoints. Methods Twelve nonhuman primates (pigtail macaques, Macaca nemestrina) received a choriodecidual inoculation of either: 1) 1-5 X 108 colony forming units (CFU) of hyperhemolytic/hypervirulent GBS (GBSΔcovR, N=4); 2) an isogenic/nonpigmented strain (GBS ΔcovRΔcylE, N=4); or, 3) saline (N=4). A Cesarean section was performed at preterm labor or 3 days after GBS infection or 7 days after saline inoculation. Nanostring GeoMx® Digital Spatial Profiling technology was used to segment protein expression within the amnion, chorion, and maternal decidua at the inoculation site using an immuno-oncology panel targeting 56 immunoproteins enriched in stimulatory and inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins or their protein ligands. Statistical analysis included R studio, Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson and Spearman tests. Results Both inhibitory and stimulatory immune checkpoint proteins were significantly upregulated within the chorioamniotic membranes and decidua (VISTA, LAG3, PD-1, CD40, GITR), as well as their ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2, CD40L; all p<0.05). Immunostaining for VISTA revealed positive (VISTA+) cells, predominantly in the chorion and decidua. There were strong correlations between VISTA and amniotic fluid concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α (all p<0.05), as well as maternal placental histopathology scores (p<0.05). Conclusion Differential regulation of multiple immune checkpoint proteins in the decidua at the site of a GBS infection indicates a major perturbation in immunologic homeostasis that could benefit the host by restricting immune-driven pathologies or the pathogen by limiting immune surveillance. Protein expression of VISTA, an inhibitory immune checkpoint, was upregulated in the chorion and decidua after GBS infection. Investigating the impact of innate immune cell expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints may reveal new insights into placental host-pathogen interactions at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gygeria Manuel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michelle Coleman
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Childrens Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Austyn S. Orvis
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Childrens Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jeff Munson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Amanda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Raj P. Kapur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle Children’s Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Miranda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Edmunda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Blair Armistead
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Childrens Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Childrens Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Sun Y, Zhou X, Lucas E, Chen L, Zhang H, Chen H, Zhou F. Expression of B7-H3 and TIM-3 in gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma: prevalence, association with PD-L1 expression, and prognostic significance. J Pathol Clin Res 2024; 10:e345. [PMID: 37798754 PMCID: PMC10766062 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (GEA) is the second most common subtype of endocervical adenocarcinoma and has a poor prognosis. Anti-programmed death-1 and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have emerged as a major treatment option for GEA; however, data on the expression of other immune checkpoints in GEA are limited. We analyzed the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) and B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3) in 58 GEA and investigated their prognostic significance as well as association with PD-L1 expression and other known prognostic factors. Applying the tumor proportion score (TPS) with a cutoff of 1%, B7-H3 and TIM-3 were present in 48.3% and 17.2% of cases, respectively. Applying the combined positive score (CPS) with a cutoff of 1, TIM-3 expression was present in 70.7% of cases. Moreover, the expression of three checkpoints (B7-H3, TIM-3, and PD-L1) was incompletely overlapping. Patients with B7-H3 positive tumors (by TPS) or TIM-3 positive tumors (by TPS) had significantly worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (log-rank). Using CPS, patients with TIM-3 positive tumors showed significantly worse RFS (log-rank). Similarly, B7-H3 positivity (by TPS) and TIM-3 positivity (by TPS) were associated with worse RFS and OS in univariate analysis. TIM-3 positivity (by CPS) was associated with worse RFS in univariate analysis and the final Cox multivariate analysis. In conclusion, our results show that (1) B7-H3 and TIM-3 are frequently expressed in GEA and their expression overlaps incompletely with PD-L1; and (2) both B7-H3 and TIM-3 are independent negative prognostic markers in GEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of PathologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Women's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang ProvincePR China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of PathologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Women's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang ProvincePR China
- Department of PathologyInternational Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
| | - Elena Lucas
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
- Department of PathologyParkland HospitalDallasTXUSA
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of GynecologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Women's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang ProvincePR China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Department of PathologyInternational Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
- Department of PathologyParkland HospitalDallasTXUSA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of PathologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Women's HospitalHangzhouZhejiang ProvincePR China
- Department of PathologyInternational Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
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Yang Q, Hong K, Li Y, Shi P, Yan F, Zhang P. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 is associated with tumor immune infiltration, immunotherapy-related biomarkers, and affects gastric cancer cells growth in vivo. J Cancer 2024; 15:176-191. [PMID: 38164277 PMCID: PMC10751663 DOI: 10.7150/jca.90008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the research trend of four RIPK genes (RIPK1, RIPK2, RIPK3, and RIPK4), their expression variations in tumors, and the correlation between RIPK2 expression and immune-related biomarkers in gastric cancer (GC). Methods: The PubMed database was utilized to investigate the research trend surrounding four RIPKs genes in tumors. The ULCAN database was employed to analyze the differential expression of these four RIPKs genes. TCGA data were utilized to examine the association between RIPK2 expression and various factors including tumor immune infiltration and immune-related biomarkers. Lastly, the impact of targeting RIPK2 on the growth of GC cells was confirmed through tumor formation assay, immunohistochemistry, and Tunnel assays. Results: In the field of tumor biology, there has been a sustained increase in research focused on the four RIPKs genes over the past decade. Four RIPKs genes are differentially expressed in a majority of tumors. Furthermore, this investigation has unveiled a connection between the expression of RIPK2 and the infiltration of four immune cells, as well as the presence of RNA methylation modifying enzymes, specifically m1A, m6A, and m5C, in GC. Additionally, RIPK2 expression was associated with the genes related to immune checkpoint regulation, as well as genes associated with immunoinhibitors and immunostimulators. It was also revealed that RIPK2 expression was correlated to immunotherapy response biomarkers, namely MSI and TMB, and tumor stemness. Ultimately, it was demonstrated that targeting the RIPK2 effectively regulated GC cells growth through the suppression of PCNA expression and the induction of apoptosis. Conclusion: The expression of RIPK2 is correlated with immune cell infiltration, RNA methyltransferase activity, tumor stemness, checkpoint-related genes, and immunotherapy-related biomarkers. Suppression of RIPK2 impedes the growth of GC cells in vivo. Consequently, RIPK2 holds promise as a viable immunotherapy target for various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Kunqiao Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Pengshuang Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
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Ye G, Tu L, Li Z, Li X, Zheng X, Song Y. SYNPO2 promotes the development of BLCA by upregulating the infiltration of resting mast cells and increasing the resistance to immunotherapy. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:14. [PMID: 38038167 PMCID: PMC10758676 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptopodin 2 (SYNPO2) plays a pivotal role in regulating tumor growth, development and progression in bladder urothelial Carcinoma (BLCA). However, the precise biological functions and mechanisms of SYNPO2 in BLCA remain unclear. Based on TCGA database‑derived BLCA RNA sequencing data, survival analysis and prognosis analysis indicate that elevated SYNPO2 expression was associated with poor survival outcomes. Notably, exogenous SYNPO2 expression significantly promoted tumor invasion and migration by upregulating vimentin expression in BLCA cell lines. Enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of SYNPO2 in humoral immune responses and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, increased SYNPO2 levels increased the sensitivity of BLCA to PI3K/AKT pathway‑targeted drugs while being resistant to conventional chemotherapy. In in vivo BLCA mouse models, SYNPO2 overexpression increased pulmonary metastasis of 5637 cells. High SYNPO2 expression led to increased infiltration of innate immune cells, particularly mast cells, in both nude mouse model and clinical BLCA samples. Furthermore, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score showed that patients with BLCA patients and high SYNPO2 expression exhibited worse clinical outcomes when treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Notably, in the IMvigor 210 cohort, SYNPO2 expression was significantly associated with the population of resting mast cells in BLCA tissue following PD1/PDL1 targeted therapy. In conclusion, SYNPO2 may be a promising prognostic factor in BLCA by modulating mast cell infiltration and exacerbating resistance to immune therapy and conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongjie Ye
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Linglan Tu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Zhuduo Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Zheng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Yongfei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
- Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Tsai AK, Kagalwalla S, Langer J, Le-Kumar T, Le-Kumar V, Antonarakis ES. Pembrolizumab for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: trials and tribulations. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:51-62. [PMID: 38284349 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2311750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapies have revolutionized the management of various malignancies but have only recently been evaluated systematically in prostate cancer. Pembrolizumab, a programmed-death 1 (PD-1) blocking antibody, has been utilized in a small subset of prostate cancer patients with mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability, but has now been assessed in broader populations of metastatic prostate cancer patients. AREAS COVERED The results of four pembrolizumab-based phase III clinical trials for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients, including KEYNOTE-641, KEYNOTE-921, KEYNOTE-991, and KEYLYNK-010 are summarized. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, the efficacy of pembrolizumab in prostate cancer patients with certain molecular defects, and emerging pembrolizumab-based therapeutic combinations are also reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Pembrolizumab has not benefitted unselected metastatic prostate cancer patients when combined with chemotherapy, next-generation hormonal agents (NHA), or poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). PD-L1 positivity does not predict the response to pembrolizumab in this disease. A small number of responding patients can likely be explained by rare genetic and molecular defects, and more innovative combination strategies are needed to improve outcomes in prostate cancer patients who are not sensitive to pembrolizumab. Emphasis should be placed on developing additional or alternative immuno-oncology approaches beyond classical immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Tsai
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sana Kagalwalla
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jenna Langer
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thuy Le-Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vikas Le-Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Jia L, Chen J, Zhao J, Yang J. Identification of enhancer RNA AC005515.1 as a novel biomarker for prognosis in esophageal cancer and predictors of immunotherapy response. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3266-3283. [PMID: 38192978 PMCID: PMC10774053 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background The enhancer RNA (eRNA) signature shows excellent promise in the prognostic role of many malignancies, but its value has not been fully explored in esophageal cancer (ESCA). Methods We comprehensively analyzed 33 oncogene expression matrices and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and identified ESCA prognostic-related key eRNAs by Kaplan-Meier and co-expression analysis. We also investigated the prognostic role of the key eRNA using a series of bioinformatics approaches, including immune infiltration, immune function, immune subtypes, and the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score was used to predict the immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Results We identified eRNA AC005515.1, AC012368.1, AP003469.2, Clorf61, and WDFY3-AS2 were associated with the prognosis of ESCA. AC005515.1 is a critical prognostic-related eRNA in ESCA and was significantly co-expressed with immune checkpoint genes (CTLA4, CD274, etc.). In the pan-cancer analysis, AC005515.1 was also associated with the prognosis of seven cancers, including kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma and low-grade brain glioma. It was also found to be co-expressed with immune checkpoint genes in these tumors. Moreover, high expression of AC005515.1 was associated with CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages infiltration, and the AC005515.1 high-expression group had a higher TIDE score in ESCA. Conclusions Overall, eRNA AC005515.1 is associated with the local immune environment of ESCA and may become a new biomarker of ESCA prognosis and immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Jia
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College and Center for Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College and Center for Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Junbao Yang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College and Center for Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Clinical Genetics, School of Medical Laboratory, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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