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McCartney F. Industry news update: December 2023. Ther Deliv 2024. [PMID: 38639645 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2024-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona McCartney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Debs LH, Mansouri S, Ledford WL, Woodall W, Vale FL. Industry payments to academic neurosurgeons in 2021: an open payments cross-sectional analysis. J Neurosurg 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38626469 DOI: 10.3171/2024.1.jns232321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Open Payments Program (OPP) was a database started in 2013 by the US government to report payments made by the medical device and pharmaceutical industry to physicians. Neurosurgery is a technologically advanced field that relies heavily on the latest innovations for complex treatment of its patient population. This study sought to explore the financial relationship between academic neurosurgeons and the industry. METHODS OPP data were reviewed for the year 2021 of all faculty neurosurgeons affiliated with a neurosurgery residency program. Trends related to general payments, research payments, associated research funding, ownership and investment interest, name of the companies making payments, monetary amount of payments per company, and number of payments per company were analyzed. RESULTS Industry payments to 1151 US academic neurosurgeons were reviewed. These neurosurgeons received $121.4 million in payments. Three hundred thirty-two companies made 18,466 payments. The average payment per neurosurgeon was approximately six-fold higher than that of all other physicians. Vascular and spine subspecialties received the highest payments. A higher proportion of research money was allocated to the Pacific division, while all other categories (including total amount) were higher in the Eastern US. Most financial contributions were made by a small number of companies. CONCLUSIONS Neurosurgery has been rated by many as a field fueled by research, innovation, and technology. In 2021, academic neurosurgeons had a strong relationship with the medical device and pharmaceutical industry as reflected in the OPP data. While the true impact on patient care cannot be directly measured, the advancement of the field relies heavily on these collaborations.
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Urrejola-Contreras GP, Martínez JM, Rodríguez-Bagó M, Ronda E. Myotonometry in machinery operators and its relationship with postural ergonomic risk. Ann Work Expo Health 2024:wxae028. [PMID: 38606807 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the association between occupational ergonomic risk, personal characteristics, and working conditions with the biomechanical properties of stiffness and muscular tone in the paravertebral muscles of electric pallet jack and forklift operators in the industrial sector. METHODS A total of 75 industrial sector machine operators were evaluated in 2021. Personal characteristics and working conditions were assessed through a questionnaire. Ergonomic risk was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, and biomechanical properties of stiffness and muscular tone were obtained using the Myoton Pro device. Stiffness in paravertebral muscles was compared based on the operated machine and observed ergonomic risk. A multilevel linear regression model was employed to quantify the relationship, with mean differences and 95% CI calculated. RESULTS Very high ergonomic risk was found in 75% of the electric pallet truck drivers. In this group with the highest ergonomic risk, an association between biomechanical properties and older workers was observed. Additionally, among electric pallet truck drivers, stiffness (mean difference 335.9 N/m, 95% CI: 46.4 (3.4 to 110.0), P < 0.05) and paravertebral muscle tone (mean difference 17.5 Hz, 95% CI: 1.4 (0.1 to 3.4), P < 0.05) showed statistically significant differences in the very high ergonomic risk category compared to the high-risk category. No significant differences were observed in any of the analyzed variables among forklift drivers. CONCLUSIONS Workers operating electric pallet trucks with very high ergonomic risk according to the REBA method and aged over 40 yr are associated with increased muscle stiffness and tone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Miguel Martínez
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada
- Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante 03690, Spain
| | - Mónica Rodríguez-Bagó
- Physiotherapy Service, Department of Health Care, Medical and Health Care Services Division, MC Mutual Barcelona 08037, Spain
| | - Elena Ronda
- Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante 03690, Spain
- CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain
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Barker W, Maisel N, Strawley CE, Israelit GK, Adler-Milstein J, Rosner B. A national survey of digital health company experiences with electronic health record application programming interfaces. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2024; 31:866-874. [PMID: 38281124 PMCID: PMC10990546 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to capture current digital health company experiences integrating with electronic health records (EHRs), given new federally regulated standards-based application programming interface (API) policies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed and fielded a survey among companies that develop solutions enabling human interaction with an EHR API. The survey was developed by the University of California San Francisco in collaboration with the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, the California Health Care Foundation, and ScaleHealth. The instrument contained questions pertaining to experiences with API integrations, barriers faced during API integrations, and API-relevant policy efforts. RESULTS About 73% of companies reported current or previous use of a standards-based EHR API in production. About 57% of respondents indicated using both standards-based and proprietary APIs to integrate with an EHR, and 24% worked about equally with both APIs. Most companies reported use of the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources standard. Companies reported that standards-based APIs required on average less burden than proprietary APIs to establish and maintain. However, companies face barriers to adopting standards-based APIs, including high fees, lack of realistic clinical testing data, and lack of data elements of interest or value. DISCUSSION The industry is moving toward the use of standardized APIs to streamline data exchange, with a majority of digital health companies using standards-based APIs to integrate with EHRs. However, barriers persist. CONCLUSION A large portion of digital health companies use standards-based APIs to interoperate with EHRs. Continuing to improve the resources for digital health companies to find, test, connect, and use these APIs "without special effort" will be crucial to ensure future technology robustness and durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Barker
- Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 20201, United States
| | - Natalya Maisel
- Division of Clinical Informatics & Digital Transformation, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Catherine E Strawley
- Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 20201, United States
| | - Grace K Israelit
- Division of Clinical Informatics & Digital Transformation, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Julia Adler-Milstein
- Division of Clinical Informatics & Digital Transformation, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Benjamin Rosner
- Division of Clinical Informatics & Digital Transformation, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in December 2023. Regen Med 2024; 19:145-153. [PMID: 38356416 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2024-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in December 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Zea L, Warren L, Ruttley T, Mosher T, Kelsey L, Wagner E. Orbital Reef and commercial low Earth orbit destinations-upcoming space research opportunities. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:43. [PMID: 38553503 PMCID: PMC10980796 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As the International Space Station comes to the end of a transformative era of in-space research, NASA's Commercial Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Destinations (CLD) Program aims to catalyze a new generation of platforms with co-investment from the private sector, preventing a potential gap in research performed in LEO, while building a robust LEO economy. In this paper, we provide insight into the CLD Program focusing on Orbital Reef, describing its operational and technical characteristics as well as new opportunities it may enable. Achieving about a third of the pressurized volume of the ISS with the launch of a single pressurized module and growing to support hundreds of Middeck Locker Equivalents (MLE) in passive and active payloads internally and externally, Orbital Reef will enable government, academic, and commercial institutions to continue and expand upon research and development (R&D) efforts currently performed on ISS. Additionally, it will enable nascent markets to establish their operations in space, by initiating new lines of research and technology development and the implementation of new ventures and visions. Using Blue Origin's New Glenn heavy launch system, Sierra Space's cargo and crew Dream Chaser® vehicles, and Boeing's Starliner crew vehicle, and expertise from Amazon/Amazon Supply Chain, Arizona State University, Genesis Engineering, and Redwire, Orbital Reef is being designed to address ISS-era transportation logistics challenges. Finally, this manuscript describes some of the expected challenges from the ISS-to-CLD transition, and provides guidance on how researchers in academia and industry can shape the future of commercial destinations and work performed in LEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zea
- Sierra Space, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA.
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Dallaire-Fortier C. A comprehensive historical and geolocalized database of mining activities in Canada. Sci Data 2024; 11:307. [PMID: 38514693 PMCID: PMC10957982 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper introduces the MinCan database that presents mine-level estimates for the Canadian mining industry with a persistent annual coverage between 1950 and 2022. These estimates are based on archival maps and a selection of historical sources, which follows a hierarchy of criteria-based credibility and standardization. The information contained in MinCan covers 947 mines and provides information about their location (longitude and latitude in decimal), the company ownership, the principal commodities produced, and the years of operation (opening and closing dates). It is the first open access database to propose an exhaustive, free, and reliable compilation of the principal past and present mines producing in Canada. The geographic coordinates enable matching with other local, regional, and national databases, and allow for a wide range of research objectives to be met.
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in January 2024. Regen Med 2024. [PMID: 38476107 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2024-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from nonacademic institutions in January 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Khan MAA, Rauf A. Promoting local production and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) industry in low and middle income countries (LMICs): impact on medicines access and policy. J Pharm Policy Pract 2024; 17:2323683. [PMID: 38444526 PMCID: PMC10913693 DOI: 10.1080/20523211.2024.2323683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The success of universal coverage depends on ensuring that patients have access to medicine. Encouraging local production of medicines in developing countries can provide better access to medicines. In addition to determining the quality of pharmaceutical goods, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) also determine their cost. According to market forecasts, the active pharmaceutical ingredients market is expected to increase from USD 193.15 billion in 2023 to USD 285.29 billion by 2028. Pakistan largely depends on India and China for its Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient requirements. It was feared that a shortage of medicines would result from Pakistan's government suspending all trade with India on August 9, 2019. To improve health security in Pakistan, the Government of Pakistan has introduced an API promotion Policy in 2022. Financial and non-financial incentives have helped many countries develop their API industries like China, India, and Bangladesh. The current domestic API market of Pakistan is around 150 million $. After the introduction of the policy, the existing units are increasing their capacity while eight new API units are in the process of establishment. Through local production of APIs and intermediates, Pakistan can improve its health security by learning from the experiences of neighbouring countries, especially China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asim Rauf
- Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
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10
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in November 2023. Regen Med 2024; 19:105-112. [PMID: 38327228 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2024-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in November 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Holland C, Shapira P. Building the bioeconomy: A targeted assessment approach to identifying biobased technologies, challenges and opportunities. Eng Biol 2024; 8:1-15. [PMID: 38525250 PMCID: PMC10959757 DOI: 10.1049/enb2.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The authors explore opportunities, challenges, and strategies to translate and responsibly scale innovative biobased technologies to build more sustainable bioeconomies. The pandemic and other recent disruptions increased exposure to issues of resilience and regional imbalance, highlighting a need for production and consumption regimes centred more on local biobased resources and dispersed production. The authors review potential biobased technology strategies and identify promising and feasible options for the United Kingdom. Initial landscape and bibliometric analysis identified 50 potential existing and emerging biobased technologies, which were assessed for their ability to fulfil requirements related to biobased production, national applicability, and economic-, societal-, and environmental-benefits, leading to identification of 18 promising biobased production technologies. Further analysis and focus-group discussion with industrial, governmental, academic, agricultural, and social stakeholders, identified three technology clusters for targeted assessment, drawing on cellulose-, lignin-, and seaweed feedstocks. Case studies were developed for each cluster, addressing conversations around sustainable management, use of biomass feedstocks, and associated environmental-, social-, and economic challenges. Cases are presented with discussion of insights and implications for policy. The approach presented is put forward as a scalable assessment method that can be useful in prompting, informing, and advancing discussion and deliberation on opportunities and challenges for biobased transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Holland
- Manchester Institute of Innovation ResearchAlliance Manchester Business SchoolUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals and the Future Biomanufacturing Research HubManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Philip Shapira
- Manchester Institute of Innovation ResearchAlliance Manchester Business SchoolUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals and the Future Biomanufacturing Research HubManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
- School of Public PolicyGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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12
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Weth FR, Hoggarth GB, Weth AF, Paterson E, White MPJ, Tan ST, Peng L, Gray C. Unlocking hidden potential: advancements, approaches, and obstacles in repurposing drugs for cancer therapy. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:703-715. [PMID: 38012383 PMCID: PMC10912636 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02502-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High rates of failure, exorbitant costs, and the sluggish pace of new drug discovery and development have led to a growing interest in repurposing "old" drugs to treat both common and rare diseases, particularly cancer. Cancer, a complex and heterogeneous disease, often necessitates a combination of different treatment modalities to achieve optimal outcomes. The intrinsic polygenicity of cancer, intricate biological signalling networks, and feedback loops make the inhibition of a single target frequently insufficient for achieving the desired therapeutic impact. As a result, addressing these complex or "smart" malignancies demands equally sophisticated treatment strategies. Combinatory treatments that target the multifaceted oncogenic signalling network hold immense promise. Repurposed drugs offer a potential solution to this challenge, harnessing known compounds for new indications. By avoiding the prohibitive costs and long development timelines associated with novel cancer drugs, this approach holds the potential to usher in more effective, efficient, and cost-effective cancer treatments. The pursuit of combinatory therapies through drug repurposing may hold the key to achieving superior outcomes for cancer patients. However, drug repurposing faces significant commercial, technological and regulatory challenges that need to be addressed. This review explores the diverse approaches employed in drug repurposing, delves into the challenges faced by the drug repurposing community, and presents innovative solutions to overcome these obstacles. By emphasising the significance of combinatory treatments within the context of drug repurposing, we aim to unlock the full potential of this approach for enhancing cancer therapy. The positive aspects of drug repurposing in oncology are underscored here; encompassing personalized treatment, accelerated development, market opportunities for shelved drugs, cancer prevention, expanded patient reach, improved patient access, multi-partner collaborations, increased likelihood of approval, reduced costs, and enhanced combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya R Weth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery and School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Georgia B Hoggarth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Anya F Weth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Erin Paterson
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | | | - Swee T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
- Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial & Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Lifeng Peng
- Centre for Biodiscovery and School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Clint Gray
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand.
- Centre for Biodiscovery and School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand.
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Liu Y, Luks FI. Driver-Activated VIDeoscopic Surgery: An Innovation Journey from Idea to Industry-Ready. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2024; 34:284-290. [PMID: 37824815 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2023.0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Innovation is not a straightforward path. While surgeons are intimately familiar with clinical problems and often devise clever solutions to address them, the journey from idea to a marketable product is opaque. We describe our experience developing a novel video navigation system to help streamline collaboration and enhance surgeon control of their video image in minimally invasive surgery. Materials and Methods: Our idea began with recognizing the primary clinical challenge: "one bad image for all" in laparoscopic surgery, when the least experienced member of the surgical team is often expected to hold the camera. Results: Through multiple iterations and pivots, including hardware-based solutions like head-mounted displays and individualized monitors, we arrived at a hardware-agnostic software algorithm to process laparoscopic video for real-time image navigation. As we explain why, how, and when to pivot, we provide brief overviews of protecting intellectual property and financing innovation. Finally, collaboration with professional societies, such as the International Pediatric Endosurgery Group, provides fertile testing grounds for new ideas. Conclusion: Our experience may help future surgeon-innovators go from their ideas to industry-ready.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Hasbro Children's Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Francois I Luks
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Hasbro Children's Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Kraut A, Rydz E, Walld R, Demers PA, Peters CE. Carpal tunnel syndrome among Manitoba workers: Results from the Manitoba Occupational Disease Surveillance System. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:243-260. [PMID: 38265110 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is associated with occupational high-force repetitive tasks and vibration. This project examines the relationship between CTS and work to: (1) identify jobs and industries with increased CTS risk; (2) explore whether there is a sex difference in the risk of CTS after controlling for occupation; and (3) determine whether any observed relationships persist after excluding Workers Compensation Board (WCB) accepted time-loss CTS claims. METHODS We linked 95.5% of time-loss WCB claims from 2006 to 2019 to provincial administrative health data. The cohort included 143,001 unique person-occupation combinations. CTS cases were defined as at least two medical claims for (ICD-9 354) within a 12-month period or a surgical claim for CTS from 2 years before the WCB claim to 3 years after. WCB accepted CTS time-loss claims not identified by the medical claims were also included. RESULTS A total of 4302 individuals (3.0%) met the CTS definition. Analysis revealed that the hazard ratios (HRs) of CTS vary considerably with occupation. Sex-based differences in CTS risks were observed, both in low- and high-risk occupations. In many occupations with increased HR, the HR remained elevated after excluding accepted time-loss WCB cases. CONCLUSIONS The risk of developing CTS varied with occupation. Job titles with ergonomic risk factors had higher risks than those with lower exposures. This finding remained after eliminating time-loss compensated WCB cases, suggesting that all cases of CTS in high risk jobs are not identified in WCB statistics. Female workers in some job titles had excess CTS cases compared to male workers within the same job title.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Kraut
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Rydz
- CAREX Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Randy Walld
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Webb LM. From academia to industry: forging a scientific career path that is uniquely you. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:164-166. [PMID: 37852622 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Over time I have recognized the value of my unique journey through science, from academia to industry, and I encourage others to appreciate how their own unique experiences shape the scientists we become. This article describes this journey.
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Flight MH, Tait J, Chronopoulos T, Betancor M, Wischhusen P, Burton E, O'Neill HM, van der Heul K, Hays J, Rowe P. Analysing responsible innovation along a value chain-A single-cell protein case study. Eng Biol 2024; 8:16-29. [PMID: 38525249 PMCID: PMC10959755 DOI: 10.1049/enb2.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The British Standards Institution's Publicly Available Specification 440 (PAS 440) provides a Responsible Innovation Framework (RIF) that companies can use to continuously monitor the societal, environmental and health benefits and risks of their innovations, as well as relevant changes to the supply chain and regulations. PAS 440 is intended to help companies achieve the benefits of innovation in a timely manner and avoid any potential harm or unintended misuse of a new product, process or service. Here, the authors have applied the PAS 440 RIF to a novel single-cell protein (SCP) animal feed ingredient taking into consideration the perspectives of the value chain partners (VCPs), companies and laboratories involved in an Innovate UK research project. The authors' findings show how VCPs can use PAS440 to demonstrate that they are innovating responsibly. Using this approach to responsible innovation along the value chain-from manufacturing scale-up, through regulatory approval, to incorporation in animal feed and from there to food on supermarket shelves-can support the development of innovations that contribute to the economic and environmental sustainability of the animal feed sector. The authors conclude that the PAS 440 Guide can facilitate the progress of a new product throughout a value chain and contribute to coordinating responsible behaviour among companies involved in the value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joyce Tait
- Innogen InstituteThe University of EdinburghHigh School YardsEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | - Emily Burton
- Nottingham Trent University Poultry Research UnitSouthwellUK
| | | | | | - John Hays
- Deep Branch Biotechnology LtdNottinghamUK
| | - Peter Rowe
- Deep Branch Biotechnology LtdNottinghamUK
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17
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Galasso A, Caughman AM, Griffith A, Hoch C, Rex J, Scott DJ, Gross CE. A Detailed Analysis of Workplace Foot and Ankle Injuries. Foot Ankle Spec 2024:19386400241233844. [PMID: 38424705 DOI: 10.1177/19386400241233844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study analyzes the incidence rate and median workdays missed due to foot and ankle injuries across age groups, sexes, and industries. METHODS Workplace injury data from 2003 to 2019 were obtained using the Nonfatal Cases Involving Day Away from Work: Selected Characteristics database provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The data were grouped by injury location (ie, foot, ankle), injury type (ie, fracture, sprain), and industry, and reported with injury incidence rates and median workdays missed. RESULTS The incidence rate of foot and ankle injuries significantly decreased from 2003 to 2019 (P < .001). With increasing age, the incidence rate of foot and ankle injuries decreased (P < .001) and median workdays missed increased (P < .001). Men had significantly higher rates of foot and ankle injuries (P < .001). Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting (foot=10.23%, ankle=10.41%); construction (foot=8.14%, ankle=8.68%); and transportation and warehousing (foot=11.06%, ankle=13.80%) industries had the highest injury incidence rates. Transportation and warehousing (foot=16.8 days, ankle=16.3 days), mining (foot=44.9 days, ankle=17.1 days), and utilities (foot=26.7 days, ankle=24.4 days) industries had the highest median workdays missed. CONCLUSION Increased incidence and severity of workplace foot and ankle injuries are associated with male sex and heavy labor industries. Age was positively associated with severity and negatively associated with incidence of workplace ankle injuries. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE Level III, Retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Galasso
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Adam Griffith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Services, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caroline Hoch
- University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - James Rex
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Daniel J Scott
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Christopher E Gross
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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18
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Garg M, Das G, Vuppuluri PP. Assessing occupational hazards in welding operations: A machine learning-based approach for worker safety in Indian foundries. Work 2024:WOR230465. [PMID: 38427526 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitatively analyzing the impact of UV radiation and noise during welding operations is essential to assess the exposure, identify potential hazards, and develop targeted safety protocols to ensure worker safety and adherence to safety regulations, especially in developing countries with inadequate adherence to safety standards and resources. OBJECTIVES This study employs machine learning for predicting ultraviolet radiation and noise levels during welding, emphasizing worker safety. The focus is on the Indian foundry sector to gauge actual exposure vis-á-vis safety standards. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultraviolet radiation and noise emitted during the welding of a ferrous alloy were collected from three foundries in Agra, India. Five machine learning (ML) algorithms were applied for data analysis and prediction of UV radiation and noise levels, and a relative performance comparison was carried out on the compiled data against safety standards. RESULTS Out of all the ML algorithms applied, the Support Vector Machine regression algorithm (RMSE = 356.93) obtained the best performance on UV radiation data, and the Random Forest algorithm (RMSE = 11.4) was found to give the best results for the noise level prediction task. CONCLUSIONS This work represents the first known application of machine learning techniques for predicting UV radiation and noise levels in arc welding processes. The results show the efficacy of algorithms such as SVM regression and Random Forest for the problem. Further, the datasets and ML algorithms implemented in the work will be made openly available to support further research endeavors in this and related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gurumukh Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prem Prakash Vuppuluri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
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19
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Basoccu F, Cuccu F, Porcheddu A. Mechanochemistry for Healthcare: Revealing the Nitroso Derivatives Genesis in the Solid State. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301034. [PMID: 37818785 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitroso derivatives with unique characteristics have been extensively studied in various fields, including biology and clinical research. Although there has been substantial investigation of "nitrosable" components in many drugs and commonly consumed nutrients, there is still a need for a higher awareness about their formation and characterization. This study demonstrates how these derivatives can be produced through a mechanochemical procedure under solid-state conditions. The results include synthesizing previously unknown compounds with potential biological and pharmaceutical applications, such as a nitrosamine derived from a Diclofenac-like structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Basoccu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Str. interna Policlinico Universitario, 09042, Monserrato CA, Italy
| | - Federico Cuccu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Str. interna Policlinico Universitario, 09042, Monserrato CA, Italy
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Str. interna Policlinico Universitario, 09042, Monserrato CA, Italy
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20
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Kamiński B, Paczesny J. Bacteriophage Challenges in Industrial Processes: A Historical Unveiling and Future Outlook. Pathogens 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38392890 PMCID: PMC10893365 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans have used fermentation processes since the Neolithic period, mainly to produce beverages. The turning point occurred in the 1850s, when Louis Pasteur discovered that fermentation resulted from the metabolism of living microorganisms. This discovery led to the fast development of fermented food production. The importance of industrial processes based on fermentation significantly increased. Many branches of industry rely on the metabolisms of bacteria, for example, the dairy industry (cheese, milk, yogurts), pharmaceutical processes (insulin, vaccines, antibiotics), or the production of chemicals (acetone, butanol, acetic acid). These are the mass production processes involving a large financial outlay. That is why it is essential to minimize threats to production. One major threat affecting bacteria-based processes is bacteriophage infections, causing substantial economic losses. The first reported phage infections appeared in the 1930s, and companies still struggle to fight against phages. This review shows the cases of phage infections in industry and the most common methods used to prevent phage infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Paczesny
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
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21
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Shi DS, McDonald E, Shah M, Groenewold MR, Haynes JM, Spencer BR, Stramer S, Feldstein LR, Saydah S, Jones J, Chiu SK, Rinsky JL. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among US blood donors by industry, May-December 2021. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:169-173. [PMID: 38047323 PMCID: PMC10843782 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work is a social determinant of health that is often overlooked. There are major work-related differences in the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and death, but there have been few analyses of infection rates across industry groups. To date, only one national assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence by industry based on self-report has been completed. No study has looked at seroprevalence of COVID-19 by industry. METHODS During May-December 2021, blood donors with SARS-CoV-2 antinucleocapsid testing were sent an electronic survey about their work. Free-text industry responses were classified using the North American Industry Classification System. We estimated seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SARS-CoV-2 infection by industry. RESULTS Of 57,726 donors, 7040 (12%, 95% CI: 11.9%-12.5%) had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Seroprevalence was highest among Accommodation & Food Services (19.3%, 95% CI: 17.1%-21.6%), Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction (19.2%, 95% CI: 12.8%-27.8%), Healthcare & Social Assistance (15.6%, 95% CI: 14.9%-16.4%), and Construction (14.7%, 95% CI: 13.1%-16.3%). Seroprevalence was lowest among Management of Companies & Enterprises (6.5%, 95% CI: 3.5%-11.5%), Professional Scientific & Technical Services (8.4%, 95% CI: 7.7%-9.0%), and Information (9.9%, 95% CI: 8.5%-11.5%). CONCLUSIONS While workers in all industries had serologic evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, certain sectors were disproportionately impacted. Disease surveillance systems should routinely collect work characteristics so public health and industry leaders can address health disparities using sector-specific policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallas S. Shi
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Emily McDonald
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Melisa Shah
- Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Matthew R. Groenewold
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH
| | - James M. Haynes
- American Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Dedham, MA and Rockville, MD
| | - Bryan R. Spencer
- American Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Dedham, MA and Rockville, MD
| | - Susan Stramer
- American Red Cross, Scientific Affairs, Dedham, MA and Rockville, MD
| | - Leora R. Feldstein
- Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sharon Saydah
- Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jefferson Jones
- Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sophia K. Chiu
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jessica L. Rinsky
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH
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22
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in October 2023. Regen Med 2024; 19:69-82. [PMID: 38334081 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in October 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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23
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Wang X, Zhang C, Wang T. Benchmark for welding gun fault prediction with multivariate time series data. Sci Data 2024; 11:83. [PMID: 38238343 PMCID: PMC10796372 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-02914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the automotive industry, machinery failures of the resistance spot welding (RSW) guns would interrupt the manufacturing lines and cause unplanned downtime, potentially resulting in a significant loss of production and reliability. Predicting the machinery failures of the RSW gun can provide more scientific strategies for predictive maintenance and decision-making. However, fault prediction of RSW guns has become increasingly challenging due to their complex behavior and data variability. In this paper, we created a benchmark dataset and proposed welding gun fault prediction benchmarks to aid in the development of machine learning approaches toward welding gun fault prediction. The dataset was collected at the Body-Shop (BS) of BMW Brilliance Automotive Ltd. from different components of hundreds of RSW guns to capture the patterns and trends before welding errors with historical data. Then we provide state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) benchmarks on time series forecasting methods in a welding gun fault prediction use case. This study will provide insights for time series forecasting while enabling ML researchers to contribute towards the fault prediction of the RSW guns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Wang
- Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | | | - Tao Wang
- BMW Brilliance Automotive Ltd., Shenyang, 110143, P. R. China
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24
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Huberty J, Beatty CC, Yourell J. Using science as a differentiator in a crowded digital mental health market. Front Digit Health 2024; 5:1306527. [PMID: 38259255 PMCID: PMC10800404 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1306527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The digital mental health industry has seen remarkable growth in recent years. However, within this crowded landscape, many companies overlook a critical factor for gaining a competitive edge: the integration of science. In this context, "science" refers to the strategic collection and analysis of information (i.e., data) at digital mental health companies, aimed at guiding business decisions and achieving business objectives. This paper demonstrates that science is integral, yet underutilized in the digital mental health industry, with common misconceptions about its role. When science is integrated within a company, it enables them to (1) innovate, (2) understand customers, (3) make informed decisions, and (4) drive revenue. Digital mental health companies recognizing the multifaceted value of science may be better equipped for sustainable growth and success amid the crowded digital health market.
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25
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in September 2023. Regen Med 2024; 19:7-17. [PMID: 38059325 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in September 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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26
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Takeuchi T, Hattori-Kato M, Okuno Y, Nomiya A, Fukuhara H, Zaitsu M, Azuma T. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Using Occupational and Environmental Factors as Confounding Factors. Cureus 2024; 16:e52926. [PMID: 38406143 PMCID: PMC10893905 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to genetic predisposition, occupational and environmental factors are important for the risk of prostate cancer. We investigated the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the development of prostate cancer in Japan, including occupational and industrial history as confounding factors in addition to age, smoking, and alcohol drinking. Methods We enrolled 210 prostate cancer patients and 504 male control patients. We conducted four genome-wide association study (GWAS) patterns for prostate cancer development. In the association test, logistic regression models incorporated age, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, and each pattern of industrial/occupational classification. Results No SNPs satisfying the genome-wide significance level of 5×10-8 were detected in GWAS. SNPs with a suggestive association level of 1×10-6 were found near the long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1824 (LINC01824) and tripartite motif family like 2 (TRIML2) genes in the GWAS using occupational history as a confounder and near the ribosomal protein S2 pseudogene 25 (RPS2P25) gene in the GWAS using industrial history as a confounder. No SNPs that met the suggestive association level were observed in the GWAS that did not include occupational and industrial history. Conclusion By adding occupational and industrial history to the confounding factors, there were SNPs detected in the GWAS for prostate cancer development. The consideration of occupational and industrial history may increase the usefulness of GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, JPN
| | - Mami Hattori-Kato
- Department of Urology, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, JPN
| | - Yumiko Okuno
- Department of Urology, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, JPN
| | - Akira Nomiya
- Department of Urology, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, JPN
| | - Hiroshi Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Masayoshi Zaitsu
- Center for Research of the Aging Workforce, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, JPN
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, JPN
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27
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Borozdina E, Zvonareva O. Medical professionals' agency and pharmaceuticalization: Physician- industry relations in Russia. Health (London) 2024; 28:108-125. [PMID: 35913030 PMCID: PMC10714710 DOI: 10.1177/13634593221116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the contemporary world pharmaceuticals have become a go-to answer to a growing number of questions. This process of pharmaceuticalization gives rise to a concern with the increasing influence of the pharmaceutical industry on physicians' decision-making. Critics suggest that companies' for-profit-interests might compromise the integrity of medical practice. This article employs qualitative research methodology to explore how Russian physicians deal with the industry's efforts to expand and shape the use of pharmaceuticals. By bridging perspectives of social studies of science and sociology of professions, we offer a contextualized account of physicians' daily practices and interpretations related to pharmaceuticalization. The findings question conventional assumptions of physician-industry relations and allow to delineate a new form of medical professionalism that emerges in the context of pharmaceuticalization and cannot be reduced to either "resisting" industry marketing activities or "giving in" to them and thus corrupting biomedical expertise. Instead, the ways in which physicians navigate abundant sources of knowledge and use industry resources to overcome constraints of their organizational environment attest to mundane forms of agency exercised by physicians in their relations with industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Borozdina
- European University at St. Petersburg, The Russian Federation
- Siberian State Medical University, The Russian Federation
| | - Olga Zvonareva
- Maastricht University, The Netherlands
- Siberian State Medical University, The Russian Federation
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28
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Cruz JD, Vasconcelos V. Legal Aspects of Microalgae in the European Food Sector. Foods 2023; 13:124. [PMID: 38201152 PMCID: PMC10778407 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The interest in microalgae as food in Europe is growing due to its remarkable features that can foster a sustainable economy. The lack of tradition on their use among Europeans is changing and a demand for more sustainable products is increasing. The legal framework from the microalgae stakeholders' point of view has been consistently identified as a bottleneck, regardless of its nutritional value and potential to provide added-value metabolites. Microalgae-based products have been mostly consumed as food supplements, which are characterized by some general uncertainty with regards to food security of products sourced from non-European countries. The novel foods regulation is a landmark in Europe's food law defining the conditions in which a new type of food can be commercialized. Currently, a more simplified and centralized version is in place, and around eleven microalgae-based products are on the market; however, more than half are represented by Schizochytrium sp. derived products (DHA-rich oil). Microalgae have immense potential as a sustainable food source; nonetheless, there is limited experience in assessing the safety of these microorganisms, considering the uncertainty around undesirable substances present in the way they are produced and their diverse metabolites. Here, we overview the regulatory use of microalgae as food in Europe with a focus on market introduction, highlighting the administrative procedures and scientific requirements to assess food safety. We also discuss the implications of the Transparency regulation related to microalgae as novel foods and provide considerations for a more solid interaction between academia and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Diogo Cruz
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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29
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Skare Ø, Mamen A, Skogstad M. The COVID-19 Pandemic Decreases Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study in Industry. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 11:9. [PMID: 38248879 PMCID: PMC10816953 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine if maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), resting heart rate (RHR), and self-reported leisure- time moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) changed over a 3-year follow-up (FU) among industrial workers. METHODS We assessed cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) August 2018 and August 2021. The last 17-18 months coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from 86 participants were collected; demographics by questionnaire and cardiovascular outcomes from medical examination: V˙O2max, RHR, and fat mass (%). Workers reported on their leisure-time MVPA twice. To assess changes in health outcomes we applied a linear mixed model, adjusting for baseline (BL) age, sex, pack-years, shift work, and a 5-month plant shutdown. Further, we adjusted for actual age instead of BL age. RESULTS V˙O2max decreased from 39.6 mL/kg/min at BL to 34.0 at FU, a reduction of 5.6 mL/kg/min (95%CI, -7.6, -3.7). Adjusted for actual age, the corresponding figure for V˙O2max was 5.4 mL/kg/min, (95%CI, -7.4, -3.4), an annual loss of 4.6%. RHR increased from 61.3 to 64.4 beats per minute (95%CI, 0.8, 5.4). Self-reported MVPA decreased by 43.9 min/week, (95%CI, -73.5, -14.4). CONCLUSIONS We observed a decrease in V˙O2max, an increase in RHR and a decrease in self-reported MVPA, suggesting physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øivind Skare
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Box 5330 Majorstuen, 0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Asgeir Mamen
- School of health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Box 1190 Sentrum, 0107 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Marit Skogstad
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Box 5330 Majorstuen, 0304 Oslo, Norway
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Gannon J, Bach K, Cattaruzza MS, Bar-Zeev Y, Forberger S, Kilibarda B, Azari R, Okwor U, Lomazzi M, Borisch B. Big tobacco's dirty tricks: Seven key tactics of the tobacco industry. Tob Prev Cessat 2023; 9:39. [PMID: 38124801 PMCID: PMC10731746 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/176336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John Gannon
- World Federation of Public Health Associations
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31
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Mahlasela MM, Madumo MM, Randa MB. Women's perceived working conditions in the mining industry: A qualitative study. Health SA 2023; 28:2212. [PMID: 38204861 PMCID: PMC10778398 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Women's status in society has been contested over the years, with arguments centred on the deliberate marginalisation of women by ancient policies and legislations, which compelled women to assume secondary status in society. Aim This study aimed at exploring and describing the perceptions of women on working conditions in the mining industry. A qualitative, explorative and descriptive design was followed. Setting The study was conducted at a mining industry based in Mpumalanga Province. Methods Ten women were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Data were analysed using Tech's method of qualitative analysis. Results Three themes and categories emerged from data analysis. The themes that emerged were: Benefits for women in the mining industry, work conditions-related challenges for women in the mining industry and opportunities for growth and development of women in the mining industry. Conclusion Despite the employment of women in the mining industry, the women echoed that mining remains a male-dominated place of employment. Contribution The study revealed that although the mining industry is still a male-dominated environment, women are generally content to be working at the mines. A lot of transformation should take place to make mining a women-friendly place of employment. The relevance of this study for mental health is that gender equality is a risk factor for gender-based violence. Furthermore, facing discrimination can also result in anxiety and psychological trauma that can negatively affect a woman's sense of well-being and success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masesi M Mahlasela
- Department of Nursing Science, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mankuku M Madumo
- Department of Nursing Science, School of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Moreoagae B Randa
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
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32
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Schwartz L, Mackall MS, Arjunan A, Goodenberger M, Mills R, Witherington S. Need for additional training to be a laboratory genetic counselor-A qualitative exploration. J Genet Couns 2023; 32:1249-1265. [PMID: 37493003 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Opportunities for genetic counselors to work in the laboratory have grown exponentially, yet the professional development needed to serve in these roles had not been previously explored. This study aimed to identify competencies required for entry-level genetic counselors working in the laboratory, explore the perceived level of preparation of these competencies as noted by experts in the laboratories, and assess the perceived value of additional credentialing for genetic counselors practicing in these settings. Twenty genetic counselors working in the laboratory setting and five MD or PhD laboratory managers, identified through purposeful and snowball sampling and with at least 5 years of experience working in a laboratory, were interviewed using a semi-structured protocol. Transcripts were analyzed thematically using deductive and inductive coding. Key findings included the distinction of laboratory and industry roles as involving nondirect patient care and differing from genetic counseling roles in the clinical setting. Genetic counselors working in the laboratory feel well prepared to transition into this setting and provide a unique patient-focused perspective to laboratory roles, including variant interpretation, marketing, and product development. Practice-based competencies (PBCs) were translatable to those used in the laboratory, yet variant interpretation, limitations of genomics-based tests, and the business of health care were noted as important to these roles but not fully addressed in the PBCs. Additional skills were often developed through on-the-job training and interdisciplinary collaboration, but more exposure to diverse roles in genetic counseling programs' didactic and field training was recommended. The majority felt that requiring an additional post-master's credential to work in the laboratory setting may restrict movement into these roles. Several questioned their identity as genetic counselors as they were no longer providing direct patient care and/or had been dissuaded by others from pursuing a laboratory position. Research focused on professional identity among genetic counselors working in nondirect patient care roles is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, The George Washington University, Ashburn, Virginia, USA
| | - Mia S Mackall
- Division of Sales Operations, Natera, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Aishwarya Arjunan
- Department of Medical Affairs, GRAIL, LLC, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | | | - Rachel Mills
- MS Genetic Counseling Program, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah Witherington
- Oncology Genetic Services, BioReference Health, LLC, Elmwood Park, New Jersey, USA
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in August 2023. Regen Med 2023; 18:897-906. [PMID: 37786963 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in August 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Giffen PS, Buckley LA, Pinkstaff J. Pharmaceutical Industry Perspective on the Non-Clinical Evaluation of Novel Excipients: Results From an Industry Survey Conducted by the IQ Novel Excipient Working Group. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:480-488. [PMID: 37450849 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231189703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Excipients are essential components within drug products that contribute significantly to their overall quality, effectiveness, and safety. There is a lack of global, harmonized guidance relating to the non-clinical testing of novel excipients which is perceived to create uncertainty and strategic risk, potentially hindering innovation and disincentivizing their use. To test these perceptions, the IQ Novel Excipient Working Group surveyed member companies regarding their main concerns and prior experience regarding the non-clinical evaluation of excipients. Of the 19 respondents, 13 provided, collectively, 33 non-clinical program examples supporting the development of novel excipients. Programs were distributed across a range of therapeutic areas and included a variety of drug modalities and administration routes. Package designs were variable, but where possible, employed the use of existing data, supplemented with new toxicology studies as appropriate. Of the programs which had submitted data to regional health authorities, only three received feedback requesting additional studies or that demonstrated differences in regional opinion. In addition, companies provided recommendations on how the current (or new) guidance related to non-clinical excipient evaluation (and other areas, such as Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls and databases) may be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Giffen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lorrene A Buckley
- Toxicology and Drug Disposition, Lilly Corporate Center, Eli Lilly and Co. Inc, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jason Pinkstaff
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA
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35
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Mesiti A, Herre M, Jafari MD, Pigazzi A. Discrepancies in Conflict-of-Interest Disclosures Among Physicians Receiving Compensation for Monoclonal Antibody Drugs. J Gen Intern Med 2023:10.1007/s11606-023-08523-7. [PMID: 37962731 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal antibody drugs are widely used, highly marketed, expensive compounds. Relationships between these drug manufacturers and physicians may increase the potential for bias in relevant studies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine the rate of disclosures among physicians receiving compensations for monoclonal antibody drugs (MAbDs). DESIGN This is a retrospective, population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS The 50 physicians who received the highest financial compensation for selected MAbDs from 2016 to 2020 were included. MAIN MEASURES Payment data were obtained from the Open Payments Database, bibliometric data were obtained from SCOPUS, and disclosure data were obtained from relevant publications found in PubMed. The primary outcome was rate of disclosure concordance between self-declared conflict-of-interest and industry-reported payments documented in the Open Payments Database. KEY RESULTS Of the 50 physicians examined, 74% (N = 37) had publications examined. A cumulative 6170 payments totaling $18,484,228 were analyzed. A total of 418 relevant papers were reviewed. The rate of full disclosure (all relevant financial relationships disclosed) was 39.5%, partial disclosure (some but not all financial relationships disclosed) was 28.0%, and no disclosure was 26.3%. 6.2% did not require disclosure. Publications authored by dermatologists had the highest rate of full disclosure at 49.3%. There was no association between h-index and disclosure rate. Practice guidelines had the highest rate of full disclosure at 69.2% while basic science papers had the lowest (0%). Lastly, substantial variations in specific journal disclosure policies were found. CONCLUSIONS Substantial inconsistencies were found between self-reported disclosures and the Open Payments Database among physicians receiving high compensation for MAbDs. A policy of full disclosure for all publications should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mesiti
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Margaret Herre
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alessio Pigazzi
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Schäfer M, Faltings U, Glaser B. DOES - A multimodal dataset for supervised and unsupervised analysis of steel scrap. Sci Data 2023; 10:780. [PMID: 37938587 PMCID: PMC10632433 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
DOES - Dataset of European scrap classes. Today, scrap is already an important raw material for industry. Due to the transformation to green steel, the secondary raw material scrap will become increasingly important in the coming years. With DOES a free dataset is presented, which represents common non-alloyed European scrap classes. Two important points were considered in this dataset. First, scrap oxidizes under normal external conditions and the visual appearance changes, which plays an important role in visual inspections. Therefore, DOES includes scrap images of different degrees of corrosion attack. Second, images of scrap metal (mostly scrap piles) usually have no intrinsic order. For this reason, a technique to extract many overlapping rectangles from raw images was used, which can be used to train deep learning algorithms without any disadvantage. This dataset is very suitable to develop industrial applications or to research classification algorithms. The dataset was validated by experts and through machine learning models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schäfer
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stockholm, 10044, Sweden.
- SHS - Stahl-Holding-Saar GmbH & Co. KGaA, Digitalization & AI, Dillingen, 66763, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Faltings
- SHS - Stahl-Holding-Saar GmbH & Co. KGaA, Digitalization & AI, Dillingen, 66763, Germany
| | - Björn Glaser
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stockholm, 10044, Sweden
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37
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McCartney F. September industry news update. Ther Deliv 2023; 14:669-673. [PMID: 38059311 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona McCartney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
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38
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in July 2023. Regen Med 2023; 18:823-831. [PMID: 37727975 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in July 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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39
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Lund I, Moan IS, Halkjelsvik T. Alcohol-related sexual harassment in the workplace: A between and within industry analysis. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1764-1772. [PMID: 37580956 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual harassment as a political/legal issue was revitalised by the #MeToo movement in 2017. We estimate the prevalence and development of alcohol-related sexual harassment (ASH) across industries over the years 2015 to 2021, including potential changes from 2017, and assess differences in the risk of ASH according to industry- and individual-level characteristics. METHODS Based on annual surveys (2015-2021) among employees in 21 Norwegian industries (observations N = 11,512, individuals N = 6353). Age range 20-69 years, 48% women. Associations between ASH and industry- and individual-level demographics, work autonomy, work-related drinking and intoxication were estimated in linear probability models RESULTS: ASH prevalence was 6% between 2015 and 2021 and varied between 4% and 13% across industries. Men showed a gradual increase in ASH from 2015 to 2021. The was no significant trend among women or a change after #MeToo. Industries with older employees, more women and frequent intoxication at work-related occasions had more ASH, while those with more highly educated employees had less. At the individual level, frequent work-related drinking occasions, tendency to get intoxicated at these occasions, being a woman and younger age were associated with more ASH. We found no individual- or industry-level association between work autonomy and ASH. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Annually, 6% of Norwegian employees experience alcohol-related sexual harassment in work-related settings. The risk of ASH is higher among employees who are young, female, frequently drink and drink to intoxication at work-related events, and that work in industries with older employees, more women, less formal education and frequent intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Lund
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Synnøve Moan
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torleif Halkjelsvik
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
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40
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Ravipati A, Pradeep T, Elman SA. The distribution of industry payments among pediatric dermatologists from 2015 to 2021. Pediatr Dermatol 2023; 40:1015-1020. [PMID: 37667973 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To understand the landscape of industry payments to pediatric dermatologists to foster transparency and identify potential disparities in funding. METHODS Using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments database, a national cross-sectional study was performed examining payments to pediatric dermatologists from 2015 to 2021. RESULTS Of the 147 pediatric dermatologists who received industry funding, 35 were male and 112 were female. $9 million in payments was amassed, with 10% of pediatric dermatologists accounting for 94% of total industry payments. Consulting was the most common service, with Pfizer Inc., Amgen Inc., and Regeneron Healthcare Solutions Inc. representing the top three companies. Mean payment was $143,836 for males and $35,943 for females (p < .001). Eight female and seven male pediatric dermatologists received payments in the top 10th percentile, with different average payment in this subgroup (females $447,588 vs. males $698,746, p = .03). 11 states did not have a pediatric dermatologist receiving industry payments, while California (19) and Texas (12) had the most. CONCLUSIONS There are approximately 400 board-certified pediatric dermatologists in the United States and fewer than 40% are receiving monetary compensation from private industry. A fraction of physicians accounted for a majority of total industry payments and industry payments to male pediatric dermatologists were higher despite nearly triple the number of female pediatric dermatologists. With the rise of valuable partnerships between healthcare and industry in modern medicine, the implications of geographic, gender, and financial disparity of industry payments in pediatric dermatology are worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advaitaa Ravipati
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Tejus Pradeep
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott A Elman
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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41
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in June 2023. Regen Med 2023; 18:759-772. [PMID: 37554109 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in June 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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42
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DeLuca NM, Mullikin A, Brumm P, Rappold AG, Cohen Hubal E. Using Geospatial Data and Random Forest To Predict PFAS Contamination in Fish Tissue in the Columbia River Basin, United States. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:14024-14035. [PMID: 37669088 PMCID: PMC10515492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Decision makers in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) are currently challenged with identifying and characterizing the extent of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination and human exposure to PFAS. This work aims to develop and pilot a methodology to help decision makers target and prioritize sampling investigations and identify contaminated natural resources. Here we use random forest models to predict ∑PFAS in fish tissue; understanding PFAS levels in fish is particularly important in the CRB because fish can be a major component of tribal and indigenous people diet. Geospatial data, including land cover and distances to known or potential PFAS sources and industries, were leveraged as predictors for modeling. Models were developed and evaluated for Washington state and Oregon using limited available empirical data. Mapped predictions show several areas where detectable concentrations of PFAS in fish tissue are predicted to occur, but prior sampling has not yet confirmed. Variable importance is analyzed to identify potentially important sources of PFAS in fish in this region. The cost-effective methodologies demonstrated here can help address sparsity of existing PFAS occurrence data in environmental media in this and other regions while also giving insights into potentially important drivers and sources of PFAS in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. DeLuca
- Center
for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research
and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ashley Mullikin
- Center
for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research
and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Peter Brumm
- Region
08, Water Division, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Helena, Montana 59626, United States
| | - Ana G. Rappold
- Center
for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research
and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Elaine Cohen Hubal
- Center
for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research
and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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43
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in May 2023. Regen Med 2023; 18:681-694. [PMID: 37340941 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in May 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Department of Women & Children's Health, Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
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44
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Sylla P, Uzor N. Women, Surgeons, and the Innovation Pipeline. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2023; 36:342-346. [PMID: 37564340 PMCID: PMC10411053 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The paucity of gender diversity in the biotech and medical/surgical technology fields remains a persistent challenge. Over the course of history, advancements have been made; however, women remain underrepresented in these sectors from the entry level to the leadership and corporate positions. Similarly, there is a notable lack of women-led startup teams obtaining funding from venture capitalists and fewer women-led teams submitting and securing patents. We will discuss current data surrounding the lack of gender diversity in these fields, explore parallels specifically between the lack of women in surgical specialties and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pathways, and how this translates to the lack of women in the surgical and medical technology industry. We will also offer examples of the real-world ramifications of product development by teams not representative of the population. Lastly, we will offer recommendations and action items for companies, STEM educators, individuals, and allies that will continue to aid in improving gender diversity in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sylla
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Nicole Uzor
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York
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45
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Li H, Sharma VK, Newcombe G, Trivella DBB, Soni R. Editorial: Biotechnological applications of endophytes in agriculture, environment and industry. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1269279. [PMID: 37655341 PMCID: PMC10466033 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1269279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Vijay K. Sharma
- Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - George Newcombe
- Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | | | - Ravindra Soni
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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46
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Briandet R, Cerca N. Editorial: Methods in biofilms: 2022. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1264849. [PMID: 37600948 PMCID: PMC10436740 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1264849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Briandet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nuno Cerca
- Laboratory of Research in Biofilms Rosário Oliveira (LIBRO), Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Lacy-Nichols J, Johnson M, Cullerton K. Commercial lobbying and political contributions: an Australian scoping review. Aust N Z J Public Health 2023; 47:100073. [PMID: 37478519 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many of the most effective and equitable policies to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases threaten the interests of powerful corporations. A first step for public health advocates seeking to challenge powerful corporate interests is to understand the nature and extent of corporate political practices. This scoping review explored public health research on two political practices in Australia: lobbying and political donations. METHODS We searched six databases, two Google Advanced searches and 11 Australian public health websites. We screened 2866 documents in total, and extracted information about political practices, industry actors and datasets. RESULTS 62 studies published between 1980 and 2021 were identified, analysing public health advocacy, policy submissions, direct engagement with government representatives and political donations. We extracted data from 14 studies that focused on direct engagement and/or political donations. Most focused on 'unhealthy commodity industries.' CONCLUSIONS Analysis of lobbying and political contributions in Australia is a nascent but expanding area of public health research. We discuss opportunities for future research to strengthen the evidence base and support public health advocacy to counter harmful corporate practices and promote and protect population health. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH Countering powerful commercial interests requires greater investment in understanding corporate political activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lacy-Nichols
- Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 3010 VIC Australia.
| | - Maggie Johnson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
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Ilic D, Liovic M. Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in April 2023. Regen Med 2023; 18:591-599. [PMID: 37340951 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in April 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusko Ilic
- Stem Cell Laboratories, Guy's Assisted Conception Unit, Department of Women & Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mirjana Liovic
- Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
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Alhadlaq HW, Ateeq A, Shayea AMF, Gasana J. Occupational Asthma Prevalence among Migrant Workers Attending Shuaiba Industrial Medical Center in Kuwait. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2021. [PMID: 37510462 PMCID: PMC10379107 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific work environments, such as exposure to chemicals emitted during industrial processes, are related to occupational asthma. From 1985 to 2012, Kuwait was expected to have the highest asthma prevalence rate among Middle East nations, at 15%. This cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from occupational health physicians' records in the Shuaiba Industrial Medical Center (SIMC) extracted and analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to check the association between risk factors and bronchial asthma (BA). The data sample size was 3478 in 2018 and 3807 in 2019. In 2018, BA had a significant relationship with age categories, work year groups, and determinants of fitness. Migrant workers above 51 years of age had a high risk of developing BA (p-value = 0.012). There was a high risk of developing BA in workers who worked > 21 years (p-value < 0.001) and in workers who worked between 11 and 20 years (p-value = 0.042). Overweight workers had a risk of developing BA (p-value = 0.042). In 2019, BA had an associated relationship with age categories and determinants of fitness. Workers above 51 years of age had about a 39% risk of developing BA (p-value = 0.009). Otherwise, the BMI, working year groups, marital status, and smoking status had no association with BA. In conclusion, BA is prevalent among migrant workers at the SIMC. Long hours, low income, and a lack of PPE are just a few of the issues that migrant workers have been exposed to, raising their risk of poor health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussah Waleed Alhadlaq
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Alanoud Ateeq
- Shuaiba Medical Industrial Center, Occupational Health Department, Ministry of Health, Ahmadi 47005, Kuwait
| | - Abdulaziz M F Shayea
- Departments of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 12037, Kuwait
- Departments of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 12037, Kuwait
| | - Janvier Gasana
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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Slaughter PR, Rodzak KM, Fine SJ, Ice CC, Wolf DN, Zelik KE. Evaluation of U.S. Army Soldiers wearing a back exosuit during a field training exercise. Wearable Technol 2023; 4:e20. [PMID: 38487775 PMCID: PMC10936316 DOI: 10.1017/wtc.2023.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Back overuse injuries are a significant problem in the U.S. Army, responsible for nearly a quarter of musculoskeletal injuries. Back exosuits are wearable devices that relieve musculoskeletal strain, make lifting easier, and could potentially reduce Soldier overuse injuries. But published studies have not evaluated exosuits during realistic field operations to assess acceptability to Soldiers. We tested a back exosuit on field artillery Soldiers during a field training exercise. Afterward, Soldiers completed a survey to quantify their satisfaction, intent to use, and performance impact of the exosuit. Feedback was overwhelmingly positive: Approximately 90% of Soldiers reported that exosuits increased their ability to perform their duties, and 100% said that if the exosuit were further developed and made available to them, they would be likely to wear it. These numerical survey results indicated that exosuits can provide a practical and acceptable way to assist lifting and augment physical performance during realistic Army operations without interfering with other duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Slaughter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - K. M. Rodzak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - S. J. Fine
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - C. C. Ice
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - D. N. Wolf
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - K. E. Zelik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
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