1
|
Krishnan S, Daly MP, Kipping R, Harrison C. A systematic review of interventions to improve male knowledge of fertility and fertility-related risk factors. HUM FERTIL 2024; 27:2328066. [PMID: 38497245 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2024.2328066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Male infertility is a global health concern. The effectiveness of interventions developed to improve males' knowledge of fertility regulation and fertility-related risk factors remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and evaluate the evidence for these interventions. Four databases were searched from inception to June 2023. Eligible studies examined interventions to increase fertility knowledge among presumed fertile males aged ≥16 years of age. Conference abstracts, protocols and studies without sex-disaggregated results for males were excluded. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis was performed. A total of 4884 records were identified. Five studies (reported in six publications), all conducted in high-income countries, were included. Two were randomized control trials, and three were experimental studies. Interventions were delivered in person by a health professional (n = 3), online and via a mobile app. All studies showed a significant improvement in knowledge of fertility or fertility-related risk factors from baseline to follow-up. The largest improvement was observed for secondary and vocational students. A moderate, long-term retainment of knowledge was observed at two-year follow-up in one study. Available evidence suggests interventions to improve males' fertility knowledge are effective, particularly for younger, less educated males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinithy Krishnan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael P Daly
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Kipping
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - China Harrison
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West) at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Quester R, Björck S, Manhem K, Nåtman J, Andersson S, Hjerpe P. Improving cardiovascular control in a hypertensive population in primary care. Results from a staff training intervention. Scand J Prim Health Care 2024; 42:347-354. [PMID: 38456742 PMCID: PMC11003316 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2024.2326470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A pilot study to evaluate a staff training intervention implementing a nurse-led hypertension care model. DESIGN AND SETTING Clinical and laboratory data from all primary care centres (PCCs) in the Swedish region Västra Götaland (VGR), retrieved from regional registers. Intervention started 2018 in 11 PCCs. A total of 190 PCCs served as controls. Change from baseline was assessed 2 years after start of intervention. INTERVENTION Training of selected personnel, primarily in drug choice, team-based care, measurement techniques, and use of standardized medical treatment protocols. PATIENTS Hypertensive patients without diabetes or ischemic heart disease were included. The intervention and control groups contained approximately 10,000 and 145,000 individuals, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood pressure (BP) <140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) <3.0 mmol/L, BP ending on -0 mmHg (digit preference, an indirect sign of manual measuring technique), choice of antihypertensive drugs, cholesterol lowering therapy and attendance patterns were measured. RESULTS In the intervention group, the percentage of patients reaching the BP target did not change significantly, 56%-61% (control 50%-52%), non-significant. However, the percentage of patients with LDL-C < 3.0 mmol/L increased from 34%-40% (control 36%-36%), p = .043, and digit preference decreased, 39%-27% (control 41%-35%), p = 0.000. The number of antihypertensive drugs was constant, 1.63 - 1.64 (control 1.62 - 1.62), non-significant, but drug choice changed in line with recommendations. CONCLUSION Although this primary care intervention based on staff training failed to improve BP control, it resulted in improved cardiovascular control by improved cholesterol lowering treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Quester
- Närhälsan Bollebygd Health Care Centre, Bollebygd, Sweden
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Karin Manhem
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Per Hjerpe
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Regionhälsan R&D Centre, Skaraborg Primary Care, Skövde, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Robinson K, Egan SJ, Shafran R, Wade TD. A randomised controlled evaluation of an online perfectionism intervention for people with disordered eating - how perfect does it need to be? Cogn Behav Ther 2024; 53:286-301. [PMID: 38328877 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2024.2313739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Less help-seeking for an eating disorder is predicted by higher levels of denial of, and failure to perceive, illness severity. This research evaluates a "backdoor" approach to early intervention by investigating whether internet cognitive behaviour therapy for perfectionism can significantly improve disordered eating. Additionally, we investigated whether a more interactive intervention impacted outcomes. Participants were recruited worldwide online; 368 were screened, 172 (46.7%) met inclusion criteria (endorsed high shape, weight, or eating concerns) and randomised to an interactive (Focused Minds Program; FMP) or static PDF intervention (Centre for Clinical Intervention; CCI-P) or waitlisted (control condition). Participants completed assessments on disordered eating, perfectionism, and a range of secondary variables at the end of treatment, and 1- and 3-month follow-up. Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that, compared to control, FMP resulted in significantly lower levels of disordered eating at each assessment and CCI-P at the 1- and 3-month follow-up (respective 3-month follow-up between group effect sizes of 0.78 and 0.54). There were no significant differences between the two active interventions on any measure except depression and hated self. Results suggest an alternative approach to directly tackling disordered eating that is low-cost is effective, with a more interactive intervention producing a more rapid effect.Trials Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) Trial Number: ACTRN12621001448831.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Robinson
- Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah J Egan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Roz Shafran
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tracey D Wade
- Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manthey J, Jacobsen B, Klinger S, Schulte B, Rehm J. Restricting alcohol marketing to reduce alcohol consumption: A systematic review of the empirical evidence for one of the 'best buys'. Addiction 2024; 119:799-811. [PMID: 38173418 DOI: 10.1111/add.16411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Even though a ban of alcohol marketing has been declared a 'best buy' of alcohol control policy, comprehensive systematic reviews on its effectiveness to reduce consumption are lacking. The aim of this paper was to systematically review the evidence for effects of total and partial bans of alcohol marketing on alcohol consumption. METHODS This descriptive systematic review sought to include all empirical studies that explored how changes in the regulation of alcohol marketing impact on alcohol consumption. The search was conducted between October and December 2022 considering various scientific databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase) as well as Google and Google Scholar. The titles and abstracts of a total of 2572 records were screened. Of the 26 studies included in the full text screening, 11 studies were finally included in this review. Changes in consumption in relation to marketing bans were determined based on significance testing in primary studies. Four risk of bias domains (confounding, selection bias, information bias and reporting bias) were assessed. RESULTS Seven studies examined changes in marketing restrictions in one location (New Zealand, Thailand, Canadian provinces, Spain, Norway). In the remaining studies, between 17 and 45 locations were studied (mostly high-income countries from Europe and North America). Of the 11 studies identified, six studies reported null findings. Studies reporting lower alcohol consumption following marketing restrictions were of moderate, serious and critical risk of bias. Two studies with low and moderate risk of bias found increasing alcohol consumption post marketing bans. Overall, there was insufficient evidence to conclude that alcohol marketing bans reduce alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS The available empirical evidence does not support the claim of alcohol marketing bans constituting a best buy for reducing alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Manthey
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Britta Jacobsen
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sinja Klinger
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Schulte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Program on Substance Abuse and WHO CC, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jeong J, Ahun MN, Gunaratna NS, Ambikapathi R, Mapendo F, Galvin L, Kieffer MP, Mwanyika-Sando M, Mosha D, O'Malley SF, Verissimo CK, PrayGod G, Yousafzai AK. Effects of engaging fathers and bundling parenting and nutrition interventions on early child development and maternal and paternal parenting in Mara, Tanzania: a factorial cluster-randomized controlled trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:694-709. [PMID: 37800367 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multicomponent interventions are needed to address the various co-occurring risks that compromise early child nutrition and development. We compared the independent and combined effects of engaging fathers and bundling parenting components into a nutrition intervention on early child development (ECD) and parenting outcomes. METHODS We conducted a 2×2 factorial cluster-randomized controlled trial across 80 villages in Mara Region, Tanzania, also known as EFFECTS (Engaging Fathers for Effective Child Nutrition and Development in Tanzania; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03759821). Households with children under 18 months of age residing with their mother and father were enrolled. Villages were randomly assigned to one of five groups: a nutrition intervention for mothers, a nutrition intervention for couples, a bundled nutrition and parenting intervention for mothers, a bundled intervention for couples, and a standard-of-care control. Interventions were delivered by trained community health workers through peer groups and home visits over 12 months. Mothers, fathers, and children were assessed at baseline, midline, and endline or postintervention. We used a difference-in-difference approach with intention-to-treat analysis to estimate intervention effects on ECD (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition) and maternal and paternal parenting and psychosocial well-being. RESULTS Between October 29, 2018, and May 24, 2019, 960 households were enrolled (n = 192 per arm). Compared to nutrition interventions, bundled interventions improved children's cognitive (β = .18 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.36]) and receptive language development (β = .23 [0.04, 0.41]). There were no differences between interventions for other ECD domains. Compared to nutrition interventions, bundled interventions achieved additional benefits on maternal stimulation (β = .21 [0.04, 0.38]) and availability of home learning materials (β = .25 [0.07-0.43]) and reduced paternal parenting distress (β = -.34 [-0.55, -0.12]). Compared to interventions with mothers only, interventions that engaged fathers improved paternal stimulation (β = .45 [0.27, 0.63]). CONCLUSIONS Jointly bundling parenting components into nutrition interventions while also engaging both mothers and fathers is most effective for improving maternal and paternal parenting and ECD outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Jeong
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn N Ahun
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ramya Ambikapathi
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Global Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Frank Mapendo
- Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | - Dominic Mosha
- Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Savannah Froese O'Malley
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - George PrayGod
- Mwanza Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Aisha K Yousafzai
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De Veer AJE, Voss H, Francke AL, de Man Y. Improvement of palliative care for people with intellectual disabilities: A multi-site evaluation. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13223. [PMID: 38469929 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the quality of palliative care, six evidence-based tools were implemented in 10 care services specialised in care for people with intellectual disabilities. Contextual differences were taken into account by using a participatory action research approach. METHOD The RE-AIM framework (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance) structured the evaluation. Data sources were online questionnaires completed by 299 professionals at baseline (response 45.2%) and 250 professionals after 2.5 years (35.1%), 11 semi-structured group interviews with 43 professionals, field notes and implementation plans. RESULTS A total of 767 professionals and 43 teams were reached. The effectiveness of the intervention was demonstrated in an improved knowledge of palliative care policy and increased competences among professionals. 79% of the professionals adopted tools in the toolbox. The participatory action research method was perceived as valuable in driving change. CONCLUSIONS Improving palliative care needs a context-specific, flexible approach, with involvement of all stakeholders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke J E De Veer
- NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hille Voss
- NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke L Francke
- NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, APH Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Expertise Centre Palliative Care Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y de Man
- NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Goodman-Williams R, Volz J, Fishwick K. Reasons for Not Reporting Among Sexual Assault Survivors Who Seek Medical Forensic Exams: A Qualitative Analysis. J Interpers Violence 2024; 39:1905-1925. [PMID: 37970805 PMCID: PMC10993628 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231211926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
After a sexual assault, survivors have the option of seeking a medical forensic exam, which includes medical evaluation and treatment, as well as forensic evidence collection. Forensic evidence is collected in a sexual assault evidence kit (SAEK) and typically released to police to aid in the investigation and potential prosecution of the assault. However, 20% to 25% of survivors who have a SAEK collected do not report their assault to police at that time and choose instead to have their SAEK stored for possible future use. This study sought to understand the reasons for not reporting among this group of survivors. We examined medical records of 296 individuals aged 18 and older who had documented their reasons for not reporting to police in their medical record and used a non-theory-driven coding framework to conduct a reflexive thematic analysis based on that data. We identified four themes: Reporting Won't Help, Reporting Will Harm, Not Now, and Not What I'm Here For. These data illustrate that survivors are making an active choice which, for many, was based on concerns that reporting would not meaningfully help their situation or may even make their situations worse. For some survivors, the decision to have forensic evidence collected without a police report was based on their needs at that moment, whereas for other survivors it was based on their desire to move on from the assault more permanently. Practice and policy recommendations are discussed, including the importance of providing survivors information about what police reporting would look like in specific circumstances as well as ensuring that financial concerns are not a barrier to survivors receiving post-assault medical care without forensic evidence collection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Volz
- Adventist HealthCare Shady Grove Medical Center, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hübner F, Klaus M, Siedow N, Leithäuser C, Vogl TJ. CT-based evaluation of tissue expansion in cryoablation of ex vivo kidney. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2024; 69:211-217. [PMID: 37924274 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate tissue expansion during cryoablation, the displacement of markers in ex vivo kidney tissue was determined using computed tomographic (CT) imaging. METHODS CT-guided cryoablation was performed in nine porcine kidneys over a 10 min period. Markers and fiber optic temperature probes were positioned perpendicular to the cryoprobe shaft in an axial orientation. The temperature measurement was performed simultaneously with the acquisitions of the CT images in 5 s intervals. The distance change of the markers to the cryoprobe was determined in each CT image and equated to the measured temperature at the marker. RESULTS The greatest increase in the distance between the markers and the cryoprobe was observed in the initial phase of cryoablation. The maximum displacement of the markers was determined to be 0.31±0.2 mm and 2.8±0.02 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The mean expansion of ex vivo kidney tissue during cryoablation with a single cryoprobe is 0.31±0.2 mm. The results can be used for identification of basic parameters for optimization of therapy planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hübner
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Moritz Klaus
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Norbert Siedow
- Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics (ITWM), Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Josef Vogl
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Demou E, Blake C, Tan Llorin C, Salanga MG, Mateo NJ, Lewis R, Mitchell KR. Group-level workplace interventions to improve mental health in low control, high-demand office-based jobs. A scoping review. Ann Work Expo Health 2024; 68:335-350. [PMID: 38489824 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workplace psychosocial risk factors, including low autonomy and high demands, have negative consequences for employee mental health and wellbeing. There is a need to support employees experiencing mental health and well-being problems in these jobs. This scoping review aims to describe group-level workplace interventions and their approaches to improving the mental health and well-being of employees in office-based, low autonomy, and high demands jobs. METHODS Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a search was conducted across 4 databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA). We explored studies presenting group-level interventions, mode of implementation, facilitators and barriers, and intervention effectiveness. The search was restricted to include office-based, low autonomy, and high-demands jobs. Primary outcome of interest was mental health and secondary outcomes were work-related and other well-being outcomes. RESULTS Group-level workplace interventions include an array of organizational, relational, and individual components. Almost all included a training session or workshop for intervention delivery. Several had manuals but theories of change were rare. Most workplace interventions did not use participatory approaches to involve employees in intervention development, implementation and evaluation, and challenges and facilitators were not commonly reported. Key facilitators were shorter intervention duration, flexible delivery modes, and formalized processes (e.g. manuals). A key barrier was the changeable nature of workplace environments. All studies employing behavioural interventions reported significant improvements in mental health outcomes, while no clear pattern of effectiveness was observed for other outcomes or types of interventions employed. CONCLUSIONS Group-based interventions in low-autonomy office settings can be effective but few studies used participatory approaches or conducted process evaluations limiting our knowledge of the determinants for successful group-based workplace interventions. Involving stakeholders in intervention development, implementation, and evaluation is recommended and can be beneficial for better articulation of the acceptability and barriers and facilitators for delivery and engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Demou
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, Glasgow G12 8TB, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn Blake
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, Glasgow G12 8TB, United Kingdom
| | - Charisse Tan Llorin
- Social Development Research Center, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Maria Guadalupe Salanga
- Department of Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Niño Jose Mateo
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Ruth Lewis
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, Glasgow G12 8TB, United Kingdom
| | - Kirstin R Mitchell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, Glasgow G12 8TB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hansson E, Jakobsson K, Glaser J, Wesseling C, Chavarria D, Lucas RAI, Prince H, Wegman DH. Impact of heat and a rest-shade-hydration intervention program on productivity of piece-paid industrial agricultural workers at risk of chronic kidney disease of nontraditional origin. Ann Work Expo Health 2024; 68:366-375. [PMID: 38367206 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assess the impact of environmental heat and a rest-shade-hydration (RSH) intervention against heat stress on productivity of piece-paid Mesoamerican sugarcane cutters. These workers are at a high risk of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional origin (CKDnt), from the severe heat stress they experience due to heavy work under hot conditions. RSH interventions in these populations improve kidney health outcomes, but their impact on productivity has yet to be examined. METHODS We accessed routine productivity data from seed (SC, N = 749) and burned (BCC, N = 535) sugarcane cutters observed over five harvest seasons with increasing RSH intervention at a large Nicaraguan sugarcane mill. Hourly field-site wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was recorded by mill staff and summarized as a daily mean. Mixed linear regression was used to model daily productivity, adjusting for age (18-29, 30-44, and >45 years), sex, WBGT (<28, 28-29, 29-30, 30-31, and >31 °C) on the same and preceding day, harvest season (2017-18 to 2021-22), month, and acclimatization status (<1, 1-2, and >2 weeks). RESULTS There was an inverse dose-response relationship between SC productivity and WBGT on the same and preceding days, decreasing by approximately 3%/°C WBGT. Productivity increased during the study period, i.e. coinciding with RSH scale-up, by approximately 19% in SC and 9% in BCC. CONCLUSION Agricultural worker productivity was expected lower on hotter days, strengthening the interest in all stakeholders to mitigate increasing global temperatures and their impact. Despite decreasing the total time allocated for work each day, an RSH intervention appears to result in increased productivity and no apparent loss in productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Hansson
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Jakobsson
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jason Glaser
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Catharina Wesseling
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denis Chavarria
- Occupational Health Management, Ingenio San Antonio/Nicaragua Sugar Estates Limited, Km. 119 Carretera León-Chinandega, Chichigalpa, Nicaragua
| | - Rebekah A I Lucas
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Heath Prince
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin, 2315 Red River St, Austin, TX 78712,United States
| | - David H Wegman
- La Isla Network, 2219 California NW Unit 52, 20008 Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, 01854 MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
VanLandingham HB, Ellison RL, Turchmanovych-Hienkel N, Alfonso D, Oh A, Kaseda ET, Basurto K, Tse PKY, Khan H. Neuropsychological assessment, intervention, and best practices for women with non-Central nervous system cancer: A scoping review of current standards. Clin Neuropsychol 2024:1-32. [PMID: 38641949 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2024.2343147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Existing literature has sought to characterize the broad cognitive impact of non-central nervous system cancer and its treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and hormonal regulation. However, despite the frequency of women that are diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancer, there is limited research on the specific cognitive experiences of women undergoing cancer treatment. Presently, the current literature lacks concise guidance for neuropsychologists to support the cognitive health of women facing cancer, despite the acknowledged impact of cancer interventions and chronic illness on cognitive outcomes. Method: Applying scoping review criteria outlined by Peters et al. (2015) and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive examination of literature spanning multiple databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, PsychINFO) with a focus on the cognitive impact of cancer treatment on women. Conclusions: Women are subject to unique treatment-related outcomes due to the impact of hormonal alterations, differences in metabolization of certain chemotherapies, and psychosocial risk factors. Despite the known impact of cancer intervention, chronic illness, and cancer-related sequelae on cognitive outcomes, the current literature does not parsimoniously outline best practices for neuropsychologists to promote the health of women experiencing cancer. The current paper (1) provides an overview of the cognitive implications of cancer treatment with an intentional focus on cancers that are more prevalent in women versus men, (2) addresses the characteristics of this impact for women undergoing cancer intervention(s), and (3) provides possible intervention and treatment strategies for mental health providers and neuropsychologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah B VanLandingham
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachael L Ellison
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Demy Alfonso
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Alison Oh
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin T Kaseda
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Basurto
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Phoebe K Y Tse
- Department of Psychology, The Chicago School, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Humza Khan
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tahmasebi N, Zarifian T, Ashtari A, Biglarian A. Telepractice Parent Training of Enhanced Milieu Teaching With Phonological Emphasis (EMT+PE) For Persian-Speaking Toddlers With Nonsyndromic Cleft Palate: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e54426. [PMID: 38640014 DOI: 10.2196/54426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born with a cleft palate with or without a cleft lip (CP/L) are at increased risk for delayed language development and speech sound disorders. Enhanced Milieu Teaching with Phonological Emphasis (EMT+PE) is a recommended naturalistic intervention for toddlers with CP/L. The parents' role in providing naturalistic interventions is critical and they need training based on learning principles to implement these interventions. Telepractice is an appropriate method for training parents and children with various speech-related disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of telepractice and the parent-implemented EMT+PE intervention on language and speech measures in toddlers with CP/L with usual interventions and determine the effectiveness maintenance of the intervention. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will assess the efficacy of telepractice and the parent-implemented EMT+PE intervention in enhancing speech and language measures in toddlers with CP/L. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: the conventional intervention group and the EMT+PE intervention group. Participants' speech and language measures will be evaluated remotely by trained raters before and after the intervention and 2 months after the intervention. Parents of participants in the intervention group will receive 3 months of training in speech and language supportive strategies from trained therapists using telehealth fidelity scales. Parents of participants in the control group will receive the conventional speech and language intervention by cleft team therapists. Study outcomes will include language variables (mean length of utterance) and speech production variables (percent correct consonants). RESULTS The protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences in February 2022. The selection process of participants, as well as training therapists and raters, commenced in January 2022, the therapy and follow-up period ended in June 2023, and pre- and postintervention assessments have been conducted. Data analysis is ongoing, and we expect to publish our results by the summer of 2024. Funding is yet to be received. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may help us develop a speech and language intervention with a different delivery model for toddlers with CP/L, and the cleft team care can use these results in service delivery. Consistent with our hypothesis, speech and language measures are expected to improve. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/54426.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Tahmasebi
- Department of Speech Therapy, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Talieh Zarifian
- Department of Speech Therapy, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Ashtari
- Department of Speech Therapy, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Biglarian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Social Health Research Institute, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen YC, Chen YY, Su SY, Jhuang JR, Chiang CJ, Yang YW, Lin LJ, Wu CC, Lee WC. Projected Time for the Elimination of Cervical Cancer Under Various Intervention Scenarios: Age-Period-Cohort Macrosimulation Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e46360. [PMID: 38635315 DOI: 10.2196/46360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization aims for the global elimination of cervical cancer, necessitating modeling studies to forecast long-term outcomes. OBJECTIVE This paper introduces a macrosimulation framework using age-period-cohort modeling and population attributable fractions to predict the timeline for eliminating cervical cancer in Taiwan. METHODS Data for cervical cancer cases from 1997 to 2016 were obtained from the Taiwan Cancer Registry. Future incidence rates under the current approach and various intervention strategies, such as scaled-up screening (cytology based or human papillomavirus [HPV] based) and HPV vaccination, were projected. RESULTS Our projections indicate that Taiwan could eliminate cervical cancer by 2050 with either 70% compliance in cytology-based or HPV-based screening or 90% HPV vaccination coverage. The years projected for elimination are 2047 and 2035 for cytology-based and HPV-based screening, respectively; 2050 for vaccination alone; and 2038 and 2033 for combined screening and vaccination approaches. CONCLUSIONS The age-period-cohort macrosimulation framework offers a valuable policy analysis tool for cervical cancer control. Our findings can inform strategies in other high-incidence countries, serving as a benchmark for global efforts to eliminate the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chu Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yuan Chen
- Head Office, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yung Su
- Master Program in Statistics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Rong Jhuang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ju Chiang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei city, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Ju Lin
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Wu
- Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei city, Taiwan
- Institute of Health Data Analytics, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schwebel DC, Johnston A, McDaniel D, Severson J, He Y, McClure LA. Teaching children pedestrian safety in virtual reality via smartphone: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsae020. [PMID: 38637283 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether child pedestrian safety training in a smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) environment is not inferior to training in a large, semi-immersive VR environment with demonstrated effectiveness. METHODS Five hundred 7- and 8-year-old children participated; 479 were randomized to one of two conditions: Learning to cross streets in a smartphone-based VR or learning in a semi-immersive kiosk VR. The systems used identical virtual environments and scenarios. At baseline, children's pedestrian skills were assessed in both VR systems and through a vehicle approach estimation task (judging speed/distance of oncoming traffic on monitor). Training in both conditions comprised at least six 30-min sessions in the randomly assigned VR platform and continued for up to 25 visits until adult-level proficiency was obtained. Following training and again 6 months later, children completed pedestrian safety assessments identical to baseline. Three outcomes were considered from assessments in each VR platform: Unsafe crossings (collisions plus close calls), time to contact (shortest time between child and oncoming simulated traffic), and missed opportunities (unselected safe opportunities to cross). RESULTS Participants achieved adult-level street-crossing skill through VR training. Training in a smartphone-based VR system was generally not inferior to training in a large semi-immersive VR system. There were no adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Seven- and 8-year-old children can learn pedestrian safety through VR-based training, including training in a smartphone-based VR system. Combined with recent meta-analytic results, the present findings support broad implementation and dissemination of child pedestrian safety training through VR, including smartphone-based VR systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Schwebel
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Anna Johnston
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Dominique McDaniel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joan Severson
- Digital Artefacts, LLC, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yefei He
- Digital Artefacts, LLC, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Leslie A McClure
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mayo CO, Bendezú JJ, Wadsworth ME. Coping and Empowerment Preventive Intervention Buffers Early Adolescent Neuroendocrine-Related Risk for Internalizing Problems. Biol Psychol 2024:108802. [PMID: 38641161 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
There is an absence of mechanism-driven interventions equipped to reduce the large mental health disparities that exist for preadolescent youth living in poverty. Building a Strong Identity and Coping Skills (BaSICS) is a preventive intervention designed to target multiple aspects of poverty-related stress adaptation, including altered neuroendocrine function. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether pre-post shifts in preadolescent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activation could longitudinally predict internalizing outcomes and to determine whether BaSICS could buffer such HPA-related risk for psychopathology. Low-income youth (n=112) ages 11-12 years were randomized to the 16-session intervention or assessment-only control (53% intervention; 54% female; 40% Hispanic, 63% Black, 20% White). Youth completed questionnaires and the Trier Social Stress Test, and provided cortisol via saliva at six timepoints during the 90-minute assessment. Adjusting for pre-intervention Cortisol Area Under the Curve-Ground (CAUCg) scores and internalizing problems, post-intervention CAUCg and intervention main and interactive effects were modeled as predictors of internalizing outcomes across post-intervention, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up assessments using multilevel regression methods. A significant post-intervention CAUCg by intervention interaction emerged (B=1.198, SE=0.433, p=.006). For control youth, baseline-adjusted decreases in cortisol output were associated with increases in internalizing problems that remained stably elevated across follow-up assessments. For BaSICS youth, however, internalizing problems decreased and remained stably low following program delivery, irrespective of post-intervention increases or decreases in cortisol output. Findings illustrate how BaSICS may buffer against HPA-related risk for internalizing psychopathology and provide support for interventions targeting biological mechanisms of risk for low-income preadolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea O Mayo
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
| | - Jason José Bendezú
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
| | - Martha E Wadsworth
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Walker M, King GA, Lui T, Moothathamby N, McPherson AC. Utilizing an Environmental Framework to Explore the Acceptability of a Health Promotion Program for Youth with Disabilities. Dev Neurorehabil 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38630613 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2024.2340454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the acceptability of Children and Teens in Charge of their Health (CATCH), a program for children with spina bifida or cerebral palsy to enhance their physical activity and diet. Qualitative interviews were conducted with children (n = 6) and their parents (n = 6) who participated in CATCH. Analysis used an environmental systems framework. Microsystem factors impacting acceptability of the program were: Children's motivations for change, their age, and their physical health. Mesosystem factors were: Use of virtual coaching and the relationship between coach and child. Macrosystem factors (e.g. Covid-19), did not impact acceptability, but affected some goal attainment strategies. CATCH was broadly acceptable to children and parents and shows promise as a health promotion program tailored to children with disabilities. An environmental systems framework can potentially help other health promotion programs enhance their acceptability and success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gillian A King
- Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toni Lui
- Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nwosu C, Khan H, Masese R, Nocek JM, Gollan S, Varughese T, Bourne S, Clesca C, Jacobs SR, Baumann A, Klesges LM, Shah N, Hankins JS, Smeltzer MP. Recruitment Strategies in the Integration of Mobile Health Into Sickle Cell Disease Care to Increase Hydroxyurea Utilization Study (meSH): Multicenter Survey Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e48767. [PMID: 38625729 DOI: 10.2196/48767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxyurea is an evidence-based disease-modifying therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD) but is underutilized. The Integration of Mobile Health into Sickle Cell Disease Care to Increase Hydroxyurea Utilization (meSH) multicenter study leveraged mHealth to deliver targeted interventions to patients and providers. SCD studies often underenroll; and recruitment strategies in the SCD population are not widely studied. Unanticipated events can negatively impact enrollment, making it important to study strategies that ensure adequate study accrual. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate enrollment barriers and the impact of modified recruitment strategies among patients and providers in the meSH study in response to a global emergency. METHODS Recruitment was anticipated to last 2 months for providers and 6 months for patients. The recruitment strategies used with patients and providers, new recruitment strategies, and recruitment rates were captured and compared. To document recruitment adaptations and their reasons, study staff responsible for recruitment completed an open-ended 9-item questionnaire eliciting challenges to recruitment and strategies used. Themes were extrapolated using thematic content analysis. RESULTS Total enrollment across the 7 sites included 89 providers and 293 patients. The study acceptance rate was 85.5% (382/447) for both patients and providers. The reasons patients declined participation were most frequently a lack of time and interest in research, while providers mostly declined because of self-perceived high levels of SCD expertise, believing they did not need the intervention. Initially, recruitment involved an in-person invitation to participate during clinic visits (patients), staff meetings (providers), or within the office (providers). We identified several important recruitment challenges, including (1) lack of interest in research, (2) lack of human resources, (3) unavailable physical space for recruitment activities, and (4) lack of documentation to verify eligibility. Adaptive strategies were crucial to alleviate enrollment disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These included remote approaching and consenting (eg, telehealth, email, and telephone) for patients and providers. Additionally, for patients, recruitment was enriched by simplification of enrollment procedures (eg, directly approaching patients without a referral from the provider) and a multitouch method (ie, warm introductions with flyers, texts, and patient portal messages). We found that patient recruitment rates were similar between in-person and adapted (virtual with multitouch) approaches (167/200, 83.5% and 126/143, 88.1%, respectively; P=.23). However, for providers, recruitment was significantly higher for in-person vs remote recruitment (48/50, 96% and 41/54, 76%, respectively, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS We found that timely adaptation in recruitment strategies secured high recruitment rates using an assortment of enriched remote recruitment strategies. Flexibility in approach and reducing the burden of enrollment procedures for participants aided enrollment. It is important to continue identifying effective recruitment strategies in studies involving patients with SCD and their providers and the impact and navigation of recruitment challenges. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT03380351; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03380351. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/16319.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinonyelum Nwosu
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | | | - Judith M Nocek
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Taniya Varughese
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sarah Bourne
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Cindy Clesca
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sara R Jacobs
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Ana Baumann
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Lisa M Klesges
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - Jane S Hankins
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Clark Bryan D, Rowlands K, Macdonald P, Cardi V, Ambwani S, Arcelus J, Landau S, Schmidt U, Treasure J. Transition support for patients admitted to intensive treatment for anorexia nervosa: qualitative study of patient and carer experiences of a hybrid online guided self-help intervention (ECHOMANTRA). BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e81. [PMID: 38623648 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with anorexia nervosa experience high levels of relapse following in-patient treatment. ECHOMANTRA is a novel online aftercare intervention for patients and carers, which provides psychoeducation and support to augment usual care. AIMS To explore patient and carer experiences of receiving the ECHOMANTRA intervention. METHOD This is part of the process evaluation of the ECHOMANTRA intervention as delivered in the TRIANGLE trial (ISRCTN: 14644379). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants randomised to the ECHOMANTRA (ten patients and ten carers). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview transcripts. RESULTS Five major themes were identified: (1) Mixed experience of the intervention; (2) tailoring the intervention to the stage of recovery; (3) involvement of carers; (4) acceptability of remote support; and (5) impact of self-monitoring and accountability. CONCLUSIONS Participants were mostly positive about the support offered. The challenges of using remote and group support were counterbalanced with ease of access to information when needed. Components of the ECHOMANTRA intervention have the potential to improve care for people with eating disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Clark Bryan
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Katie Rowlands
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Pamela Macdonald
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Valentina Cardi
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Suman Ambwani
- DIS Study Abroad in Scandinavia, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jon Arcelus
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, UK; and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabine Landau
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, UK
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Janet Treasure
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders (CREW), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rice TK, Rhodes RL. Culturally Sensitive Advance Care Planning for African American Advanced Cancer Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024:S0885-3924(24)00719-X. [PMID: 38636817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Racial disparities in advance care planning (ACP) have been consistently identified in the literature. Few interventions have been designed to address the disparities identified. OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a culturally sensitive, pilot ACP intervention for African American patients diagnosed with cancer in a safety net healthcare system. METHODS Eligible patients with stage II, III or IV breast, lung, colorectal, or prostate cancer were identified from the electronic health record, recruited, and randomized to the intervention group or usual care control group. Intervention participants met with an African American lay health advisor who assisted them in watching a video that addressed completion of ACP and facilitated ACP discussion. Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, cancer health literacy, and religious coping among participants. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate predictors of positive change in stage of intent to discuss ACP at 1, 3, and 6-months post intervention. RESULTS Seventy-six participants were recruited and randomized (38 intervention, 38 controls). The mean age for participants was 58.8 years (SD 10.8), 62.5% were female, and 90.2% had stage III or IV disease. The intervention proved feasible with 89.5% completion. Intervention participants were more likely to have a positive change in stage of intent to discuss a living will or advance directive than usual care controls at 1-month (AOR: 4.57, 95% CI: 1.11, 18.82) and 3-months (AOR: 5.38, 95% CI: 1.05, 27.68) post-intervention. The majority (94.1%) of intervention participants would recommend the intervention to a friend or family member. CONCLUSION This culturally sensitive ACP program proved to be feasible, acceptable to participants, and showed some promise in promoting discussion about ACP among participants and members of their healthcare team.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tori Knox Rice
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO
| | - Ramona L Rhodes
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ussher M, Best C, Lewis S, McKell J, Coleman T, Cooper S, Orton S, Bauld L. Effect of 3 months and 12 months of financial incentives on 12-month postpartum smoking cessation maintenance: A randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2024. [PMID: 38623627 DOI: 10.1111/add.16487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Offering financial incentives is effective for smoking cessation during pregnancy. We tested the effectiveness of financial incentives for maintaining postpartum cessation, comparing 12-month and 3-month incentives with each other and with usual care (UC). DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a pragmatic, multi-centre, three-arm randomized controlled trial involving four English, National Health Service, stop smoking services. A total of 462 postpartum women (aged ≥ 16 years) took part, who stopped smoking during pregnancy with financial incentives, validated as abstinent from smoking at end of pregnancy or early postpartum. INTERVENTIONS Interventions comprised (i) UC; (ii) UC plus up to £60 of financial voucher incentives offered to participants and £60 offered to an optional significant-other supporter, over 3 months postpartum, contingent upon validated abstinence ('3-month incentives'); or (iii) UC plus '3-month incentives' plus £180 of vouchers offered to participants over 9 months postpartum, contingent upon abstinence ('12-month incentives'). MEASUREMENTS Primary outcome: biochemically validated abstinence at 1 year postpartum. To adjust for testing all comparisons between groups with equal precision, P < 0.017 was necessary for significance. SECONDARY OUTCOMES self-reported and validated abstinence at 3 months postpartum; self-reported abstinence at 1 year postpartum. FINDINGS Primary outcome ascertainment: abstinence was 39.6% (63/159) 12 months incentives, 21.4% (33/154) 3 months incentives and 28.2% (42/149) UC. Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 12-month versus 3-month incentives OR = 2.41 (95% CI = 1.46-3.96), P = 0.001; 12 months versus UC 1.67 (1.04-2.70), P = 0.035; 3 months versus UC 0.69 (0.41-1.17), P = 0.174. Bayes factors indicated that for 12-month versus 3-month incentives and 12 months versus UC there was good evidence for the alternative hypothesis, and for 3 months versus UC there was good evidence for the null hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS This randomized controlled trial provides weak evidence that up to £300 of voucher incentives over 12 months is effective for maintaining smoking abstinence postpartum compared with usual care. There was good evidence that 12-month incentives are superior to those over only 3 months, for which there was no evidence of effectiveness relative to usual care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ussher
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Catherine Best
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jennifer McKell
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Tim Coleman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sue Cooper
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sophie Orton
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Linda Bauld
- Bruce and John Usher Professor of Public Health, Usher Institute and SPECTRUM Consortium, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cousino MK, Dusing CR, Rea KE, Glenn T, Armstrong B, Les AS, Hansen JE, Pasquali SK, Schumacher KR. Developing the WE BEAT Well-Being Education Programme to foster resilience and build connection in paediatric heart disease. Cardiol Young 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38622972 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951124000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes is of increasing focus in cardiovascular research. Despite the critical importance of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes in promoting optimal cardiac health, there have been very few psychological interventions directed towards children with heart disease. This paper describes the development and theoretical framework of the WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program, a group-based psychoeducation and coping skills training intervention designed to improve psychological well-being and resilience in adolescents with paediatric heart disease. METHODS Program development was informed by patient and family needs and input gathered via large, international survey methods as well as qualitative investigation, a theoretical framework, and related resilience intervention research. RESULTS An overview of the WE BEAT intervention components and structure of the programme is provided. CONCLUSIONS The WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program was developed as one of the first resiliency-focused interventions in paediatric heart disease with an overall objective to foster positive psychological well-being and resilient outcomes through a health promotion and prevention lens in an accessible format while providing access to safe, peer-to-peer community building. Feasibility pilot results are forthcoming. Future directions include mobile app-based delivery and larger-scale efficacy and implementation trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Cousino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kelly E Rea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Glenn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Blake Armstrong
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrea S Les
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jesse E Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sara K Pasquali
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kurt R Schumacher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Beltran SJ, Molina O, Chapple R. Enhancing End-of-Life Care Knowledge Among Older Spanish-Speaking Adults: Results From a Pilot Educational Intervention on Advance Care Planning and Care Options. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2024:10499091241246057. [PMID: 38621826 DOI: 10.1177/10499091241246057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disparities in advance care planning (ACP) among older Latinos necessitate targeted interventions to enhance engagement and knowledge in end-of-life care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a resource-efficient, culturally tailored educational intervention in improving ACP readiness and knowledge among older Latino adults in the community. METHODS A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used to assess the impact of the intervention. The study involved community-dwelling older Latinos (aged 61-94) in the U.S. attending community wellness centers. Measures included participants' knowledge of ACP, care options, familiarity with hospice and palliative care, and attitudes toward hospice, assessed using pre- and post-intervention surveys. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were observed in ACP knowledge, understanding of care options, and attitudes towards hospice and palliative care post-intervention. Demographic factors influenced knowledge scores, with no significant gender differences in the intervention's efficacy. CONCLUSIONS The educational intervention effectively enhanced end-of-life care planning readiness and knowledge among older Latinos. The study highlights the potential for sustainable, accessible, and culturally sensitive educational strategies to reduce disparities in ACP knowledge and possibly engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanny J Beltran
- School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Olga Molina
- School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Reshawna Chapple
- School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
O’Hara KL, Wolchik SA, Rhodes CA, Uhlman RN, Sandler IN, Tein JY. Preventing Adverse Outcomes for Bereaved Youth: Indirect Effects From a Randomized Trial of the Family Bereavement Program on Fear of Abandonment, Grief, and Mental Health. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:247-258. [PMID: 37654097 PMCID: PMC11019585 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the self-system belief of fear of abandonment mediated the effects of intervention-induced change in 2 protective factors-positive parenting and adaptive coping-and one risk factor-stressful events-on youth mental health problems and maladaptive grief. This study extends prior research on fear of abandonment in youth who experience parental death by examining pathways through which a program reduced fear of abandonment and, in turn, affected subsequent pathways to child mental health problems in the context of a randomized experiment. METHODS This is a secondary data analysis study. We used data from the 4-wave longitudinal 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial of the Family Bereavement Program conducted between 1996 and 1999 in a large city in the Southwestern United States. The sample consisted of 244 offspring between 8 and 16 at the pretest. They were assessed again at posttest, 11-month follow-up, and 6-year follow-up. Offspring, caregivers, and teachers provided data. RESULTS Mediation analyses indicated that intervention-induced reductions in stressful events were prospectively associated with a lower fear of abandonment. For girls, fear of abandonment was related to self-reported maladaptive grief and teacher-reported internalizing problems 6 years later. CONCLUSIONS This study extends prior research on the relation between intervention-induced changes in risk and protective factors and improvements in outcomes of bereaved youth. The findings support the reduction of stressful events as a key proximal target of prevention programs for bereaved children.
Collapse
|
24
|
Rogers AH, Neighbors C, Derrick JL, Zvolensky MJ. Development of a Personalized Feedback Intervention Targeting Pain-Related Anxiety for Adults Reporting Hazardous Drinking and Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2024. [PMID: 38619311 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.23-00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among individuals with chronic pain, the rate of hazardous alcohol use is elevated compared to the general population. Yet, hazardous drinkers with chronic pain remain an underserved group. There is a need to develop and test alternative and complementary interventions to reduce hazardous alcohol use among this high-risk segment of the general population; targeting pain-related anxiety, a candidate mechanism, is one theoretically-informed route. METHOD Our approach followed a staged model (1a/1b) to develop and test a novel personalized feedback intervention (PFI). Phase 1A collected qualitative feedback from (N = 9; 77.8% female, Mage = 33.86, SD = 8.75) participants to refine intervention content and evaluate treatment acceptability and feasibility. For phase 1B, individuals (N=118; 57.3% male, Mage = 35.24, SD = 11.90) participated in a pilot randomized clinical trial for our novel PFI compared to a health information control condition on alcohol use, intention/motivation to reduce drinking, pain-related anxiety, and expectancies for alcohol analgesia/pain coping for hazardous drinkers with chronic pain. RESULTS Phase 1a results provided support for the feasibility of using a PFI to target pain-related anxiety, and results from Phase 1b indicated that participants reduced drinking and primary outcomes changed in the expected directions, but there were no differential effects of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The current data provide preliminary evidence for the utility of computer-based brief interventions to encourage behavior change. However, further refinement of the intervention to target pain-related anxiety is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Jaye L Derrick
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anuntaseree W, Kongkanin U, Ruangnapa K, Saelim K, Prasertsan P. Effectiveness of a Telephone Counseling Intervention in Reducing Passive Smoking Among Children. Health Educ Behav 2024:10901981241242798. [PMID: 38606976 DOI: 10.1177/10901981241242798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Legislative smoking bans that prohibit smoking in public places have successfully reduced passive smoking in public areas. However, smokers only partially adhere to smoking restrictions in their homes. Young children are particularly vulnerable to exposure to tobacco smoke because they spend more time at home. In this study, we designed an intervention program based on an empowerment theory to reduce passive smoking among children. The priority participants were nonsmoking mothers living with smokers who smoke in the presence of children. The aim of this randomized control trial study was to examine the effectiveness of this intervention in reducing children's exposure to tobacco smoke at home. The intervention group received tailored educational brochures and two follow-up counseling telephone calls at 2 and 8 weeks, which provided resources to support the mothers to increase their knowledge, skill, and self-confidence in promoting behavior shaping of smokers. The control group received only tailored educational brochures. We found the intervention group demonstrated a higher rate of maternal actions to reduce their children's exposure to smoke and a higher rate than the control group of attempts to avoid smoking in the presence of children at the 16-week follow-up. These results suggest that the intervention helped reduce passive smoking among children. These findings highlight the need to empower and train mothers to help them develop rules for smoking at home. These interventions could be applied in the home of children who live with smokers who are unable or unwilling to quit smoking.
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun Y, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Dong F, Wang F, Zhou Z, Wang G. Toward early intervention based on age-specific vision checkups: A vision impairment survey in Yantai, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37805. [PMID: 38608049 PMCID: PMC11018203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents is currently rising to alarming levels (>80%) in China. This study used several routinely collected demographic factors to quantify myopia and glass-wearing rates for primary and secondary school students. We identified myopia risk factors and proposed new aspects for early intervention. This study was a cross-sectional survey of myopia and glass-wearing rates for students (6-18 years old) in Yantai, China. We collected both vision (vision acuity [VA] and spherical equivalence [SE]) and glass-wearing information to establish respective logistic models for quantifying myopia and glass-wearing rate. We further propose a joint decision region (VA, SE, age) to guide early intervention. Among 10,276 children, 63% had myopia (65% wore glasses). The prevalence of myopia increases with age and levels off during adulthood. Females had a higher overall prevalence rate than males (P < .001). The rural age mode (≈15.5) is about 2 years larger than the urban age (≈13.5) for myopia students. For the myopia rate, in the age ≤14.5, the linear age effect was significant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.73, P < .0001), males had a significant negative baseline effect at the start of schooling (vs. females) (OR = 0.68, P < .0001), and the urban group had a significant positive baseline effect (vs. rural) (OR = 1.39, P < .0001). The correlation between VA and SE increases with age and has a directional shift (from negative to positive) at ages 8 to 9. For the glass-wearing rate, age had a significant positive effect (OR = 1.25, P < .0001), VA had a significant negative effect (OR = 0.002, P < .0001), and body mass index had a slightly significant positive effect (OR = 1.02, P = .03). Urban female have a higher myopia rate than rural male at the start of schooling, and vocational high school has improved vision upon high school. Body mass index was not a significant factor for myopia. The myopia rate model is specific to age range (separated at 14.5 years old). Students of lower ages are less likely to wear glasses for correction, and this may require intervention. The temporal age-specific (VA, SE) correlations and joint distributions strengthen the speculation in the literature that age 8 to 9 is a critical intervention period and motivates us to propose a rigorous intervention decision region for (age, VA, and SE) which mainly applies for this tight age period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Sun
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Fengguang Dong
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| | - Guiqiang Wang
- Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laishan District, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lorenzo-Luaces L, Wasil A, Kacmarek CN, DeRubeis R. Race and Socioeconomic Status as Predictors of Willingness to Use Digital Mental Health Interventions or One-On-One Psychotherapy: National Survey Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e49780. [PMID: 38602769 DOI: 10.2196/49780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an ongoing debate about whether digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) can reduce racial and socioeconomic inequities in access to mental health care. A key factor in this debate involves the extent to which racial and ethnic minoritized individuals and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals are willing to use, and pay for, DMHIs. OBJECTIVE This study examined racial and ethnic as well as socioeconomic differences in participants' willingness to pay for DMHIs versus one-on-one therapy (1:1 therapy). METHODS We conducted a national survey of people in the United States (N=423; women: n=204; mean age 45.15, SD 16.19 years; non-Hispanic White: n=293) through Prolific. After reading descriptions of DMHIs and 1:1 therapy, participants rated their willingness to use each treatment (1) for free, (2) for a small fee, (3) as a maximum dollar amount, and (4) as a percentage of their total monthly income. At the end of the study, there was a decision task to potentially receive more information about DMHIs and 1:1 therapy. RESULTS Race and ethnicity was associated with willingness to pay more of one's income, as a percent or in dollar amounts, and was also associated with information-seeking for DMHIs in the behavioral task. For most outcomes, race and ethnicity was not associated with willingness to try 1:1 therapy. Greater educational attainment was associated to willingness to try DMHIs for free, the decision to learn more about DMHIs, and willingness to pay for 1:1 therapy. Income was inconsistently associated to willingness to try DMHIs or 1:1 therapy. CONCLUSIONS If they are available for free or at very low costs, DMHIs may reduce inequities by expanding access to mental health care for racial and ethnic minoritized individuals and economically disadvantaged groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Akash Wasil
- Center for AI Safety, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Y, Chen Y, Song Y, Chen H, Guo X, Ma L, Liu H. The Impact of mHealth-Based Continuous Care on Disease Knowledge, Treatment Compliance, and Serum Uric Acid Levels in Chinese Patients With Gout: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e47012. [PMID: 38623741 DOI: 10.2196/47012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with gout, suboptimal management refers to a lack of disease knowledge, low treatment compliance, and inadequate control of serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Several studies have shown that continuous care is recommended for disease management in patients with gout. However, in China, the continuous care model commonly used for patients with gout requires significant labor and time costs, and its efficiency and coverage remain low. Mobile health (mHealth) may be able to address these issues. Objective This study aimed to explore the impact of mHealth-based continuous care on improving gout knowledge and treatment compliance and reducing SUA levels. Methods This study was a single-center, single-blind, and parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants were recruited at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in Chengdu, China, between February 2021 and July 2021 and were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received continuous care via an mHealth app, which includes modules for health records, 24 weeks of gout-related health education materials, and interactive support. The control group received routine continuous care, including face-to-face health education, paper-based health education materials consistent with the content for the intervention group, and telephone consultations initiated by the patient. Follow-up was conducted at 6 months. Participants' gout knowledge levels and treatment compliance were measured at baseline and the 12th and 24th weeks, and participants' SUA levels were measured at baseline and the 24th week. The intention-to-treat principle and a generalized estimating equation model were used to test the effect of the intervention. Results Overall, 258 potential participants underwent eligibility assessments, and 120 were recruited and randomized into the intervention (n=60, 50%) and control (n=60, 50%) groups. Of the 120 participants, 93 (77.5%) completed the 24-week study. The 2 groups had no significant differences in sociodemographic or clinical characteristics, and the baseline measurements were comparable (all P>.05). Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited a significant improvement in gout knowledge levels over time (β=0.617, 95% CI 0.104-1.129; P=.02 and β=1.300, 95% CI 0.669-1.931; P<.001 at the 12th and 24th weeks, respectively). There was no significant difference in treatment adherence between the 2 groups at the 12th week (β=1.667, 95% CI -3.283 to 6.617; P=.51), while a statistical difference was observed at the 24th week (β=6.287, 95% CI 1.357-11.216; P=.01). At the 24th week, SUA levels in both the intervention and control groups were below baseline, but there was no significant difference in SUA changes between the 2 groups (P=.43). Conclusions Continuous care based on the mHealth app improved knowledge levels and treatment compliance among patients with gout. We suggest incorporating this intervention modality into standard continuous care for patients with gout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqing Song
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee AR, McDermott O, Orrell M. Findings from the Promoting Independence in Dementia App (PRIDE-app) Study a Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance Framework Discussion. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2024:8919887241246237. [PMID: 38595074 DOI: 10.1177/08919887241246237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-management is pivotal in helping people with their independence and in managing their health conditions more effectively. The PRIDE-app is a novel online intervention, providing support and information for people living with dementia and their families, aimed at increasing self-management and improving quality of life. Knowledge generated will help inform future developments to the app, with the aim of improving its uptake and implementation in services. METHODS A mixed-methods approach incorporating the RE-AIM framework. Recruited 25 people living with dementia, of which 17completed the PRIDE-app intervention over 8 weeks with support from a dementia adviser facilitator. Measures exploring mood, physical well-being, and quality of life were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months and analysed through modelled analysis. Post-intervention interviews were conducted with participants and facilitators and analysed through thematic analysis. RESULTS Quantitative results did not show significant improvements in participants' scores. Qualitative data showed that the PRIDE-app motivated people to reconnect socially and set individual goals for activities. Participants and facilitators identified areas for improvements to the app interface and delivery format. CONCLUSIONS This study evaluated the PRIDE-app's reach, effectiveness and adoptability in the independence and quality of life of people living with dementia, as well as how it could be implemented and maintained within services. Pre- and post-intervention scores were inconclusive. Interviews provided positive feedback of the app's influence on peoples' activities and mood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Rebecca Lee
- Department of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - Orii McDermott
- Department of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - Martin Orrell
- Department of Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pinzón-Gómez C, Langlade JP, Gantiva C. Systematic review of cognitive and behavioral strategies used in effective harm reduction interventions for people who use cocaine. J Addict Dis 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38591227 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2024.2327762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to identify cognitive and behavioral strategies that have been used in effective harm reduction interventions for people who use cocaine. METHOD Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and the search was performed on February 26, 2023 across databases including PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were included if they (1) report the use of one cognitive or behavioral strategy, (2) have harm reduction as the objective, (3) involve participants who used cocaine as at least one of their substances, (4) be published within the last 10 years, and (5) have a randomized controlled trial design. The Cochrane RoB 2.0 Tool was used to assess risk of bias. The cognitive and behavioral strategies were extracted and organized based on their frequency of use in the studies and their corresponding outcomes. RESULTS The final synthesis included k = 10 studies with N = 3,567 participants. Psychoeducation strategies, influence on social norms, personalized feedback, increased self-efficacy and motivational interviewing were the most frequently used promising strategies across studies. CONCLUSIONS This review underscores the significance of incorporating cognitive and behavioral strategies within harm reduction interventions, as they represent a promising domain that could enhance the effectiveness of addressing cocaine use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pinzón-Gómez
- Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Centro de Estudios Sobre Seguridad y Drogas CESED, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tamrat T, Zhao Y, Schalet D, AlSalamah S, Pujari S, Say L. Exploring the Use and Implications of AI in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e53888. [PMID: 38593433 DOI: 10.2196/53888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across the health sector and has garnered significant attention within sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) due to polarizing views on its opportunities to advance care and the heightened risks and implications it brings to people's well-being and bodily autonomy. As the fields of AI and SRHR evolve, clarity is needed to bridge our understanding of how AI is being used within this historically politicized health area and raise visibility on the critical issues that can facilitate its responsible and meaningful use. OBJECTIVE This paper presents the protocol for a scoping review to synthesize empirical studies that focus on the intersection of AI and SRHR. The review aims to identify the characteristics of AI systems and tools applied within SRHR, regarding health domains, intended purpose, target users, AI data life cycle, and evidence on benefits and harms. METHODS The scoping review follows the standard methodology developed by Arksey and O'Malley. We will search the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria comprise the use of AI systems and tools in sexual and reproductive health and clear methodology describing either quantitative or qualitative approaches, including program descriptions. Studies will be excluded if they focus entirely on digital interventions that do not explicitly use AI systems and tools, are about robotics or nonhuman subjects, or are commentaries. We will not exclude articles based on geographic location, language, or publication date. The study will present the uses of AI across sexual and reproductive health domains, the intended purpose of the AI system and tools, and maturity within the AI life cycle. Outcome measures will be reported on the effect, accuracy, acceptability, resource use, and feasibility of studies that have deployed and evaluated AI systems and tools. Ethical and legal considerations, as well as findings from qualitative studies, will be synthesized through a narrative thematic analysis. We will use the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) format for the publication of the findings. RESULTS The database searches resulted in 12,793 records when the searches were conducted in October 2023. Screening is underway, and the analysis is expected to be completed by July 2024. CONCLUSIONS The findings will provide key insights on usage patterns and evidence on the use of AI in SRHR, as well as convey key ethical, safety, and legal considerations. The outcomes of this scoping review are contributing to a technical brief developed by the World Health Organization and will guide future research and practice in this highly charged area of work. TRIAL REGISTRATION OSF Registries osf.io/ma4d9; https://osf.io/ma4d9. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/53888.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tigest Tamrat
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Digital Health and Innovations, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denise Schalet
- Department of Digital Health and Innovations, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shada AlSalamah
- Department of Digital Health and Innovations, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Pujari
- Department of Digital Health and Innovations, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lale Say
- UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Leung WSW, Pei J, Rasmussen C. A working memory intervention for children with prenatal alcohol exposure: Pilot study. Appl Neuropsychol Child 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38593749 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2024.2328672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cogmed© is a computerized working memory training program designed to improve attention and working memory. We examined the short- and long-term impacts of a 25-session Cogmed© intervention on working memory and other cognitive and learning domains in children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and typically developing children. Participants included 38 children (4 - 13 years old) from Alberta, Canada in two groups: PAE (n = 20) and typically developing (n = 18). Significant improvements in areas of working memory and attentional control for both the PAE and the typically developing group were reported immediately after intervention completion (short-term impact). The gains on some measures were retained at five-week follow up (long-term impact). Preliminary findings indicate that computerized interventions may positively impact WM and attention control and that these changes may be maintained after a delay period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Pei
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Carmen Rasmussen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Uttamapinan S, Pukrushpan P, Honglertnapakul W. Effectiveness of the smartphone application in increasing compliance with occlusion therapy in children with amblyopia: a randomized controlled trial. Strabismus 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38587092 DOI: 10.1080/09273972.2024.2335889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Aim: To determine the effectiveness of the Amblyopia Treatment Chulalongkorn University (ATCU) application in improving compliance to occlusion therapy in amblyopic children. Methods: We developed a smartphone application called Amblyopia Treatment Chulalongkorn University (ATCU), which includes education, patching calendar, mini-games, and notifications, offering caregivers a comprehensive tool to enhance amblyopia treatment adherence through informative content, interactive features, and personalized reminders. Children aged 4-12 years with strabismic, anisometropic, deprivation, or mixed-type amblyopia were recruited and randomly assigned to either use ATCU application to facilitate eye patching (group A) or receive standard care (group B). Compliance with eye patching (primary outcome) was measured as a percentage of actual patching hours which were subjectively reported by caregivers, compared to prescribed patching hours, assessed at 1 and 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes include best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Results: Between October 2018 and December 2019, 45 children were enrolled in our study, with all meeting eligibility criteria. One participant was lost to follow-up, and only one child was newly diagnosed with amblyopia, while the others had undergone patching as a prior treatment. At 1-month, compliance was significantly higher in group A (85%) than in group B (64%) [median difference 22% (95% CI, 3 to 48; p = .037)]. At 3-months, the compliance was also higher in group A (80%) than group B (55%), but not significantly [median difference 13% (95% CI, -6 to 30; p = .096)]. BCVA improvement in group A was higher than group B at both follow-up periods [mean difference 0.04 logMAR (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07; p = .025) at 1-month and 0.04 logMAR (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.08; p = .022) at 3-month follow-up]. Conclusion: The ATCU application significantly improved compliance with occlusion therapy at 1-month. This application may be helpful as an adjunctive tool in the treatment of amblyopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanpaporn Uttamapinan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok
| | - Parnchat Pukrushpan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rutnin Eye Hospital, Bangkok
| | - Worawalun Honglertnapakul
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zulu MD, Msuku H, Stanley CC, Phiri VS, Topazian HM, Chinkhumba J, Hoffman IF, Juliano JJ, Mathanga DP, Mvalo T. An intervention to improve lumbar puncture rates for meningitis surveillance in children at four secondary health facilities in Malawi: A before/after analysis. Trop Med Int Health 2024. [PMID: 38584312 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A lumbar puncture (LP) procedure plays a key role in meningitis diagnosis. In Malawi and other sub-Saharan African countries, LP completion rates are sometimes poor, making meningitis surveillance challenging. Our objective was to measure LP rates following an intervention to improve these during a sentinel hospital meningitis surveillance exercise in Malawi. METHODS We conducted a before/after intervention analysis among under-five children admitted to paediatric wards at four secondary health facilities in Malawi. We used local and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to determine indications for LP, as these are widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The intervention comprised of refresher trainings for facility staff on LP indications and procedure, use of automated reminders to perform LP in real time in the wards, with an electronic data management system, and addition of surveillance-specific clinical officers to support existing health facility staff with performing LPs. Due to the low numbers in the before/after analysis, we also performed a during/after analysis to supplement the findings. RESULTS A total of 13,375 under-five children were hospitalised over the 21 months window for this analysis. The LP rate was 10.4% (12/115) and 60.4% (32/53) in the before/after analysis, respectively, and 43.8% (441/1006) and 72.5% (424/599) in the supplemental during/after analysis, respectively. In our intervention-specific analysis among the three individual components, there were improvements in the LP rate by 48% (p < 0.001) following the introduction of surveillance-specific clinical officers, 10% (p < 0.001) following the introduction of automated reminders to perform an LP and 13% following refresher training. CONCLUSIONS This analysis demonstrated a rise in LP rates following our intervention. This intervention package may be considered for planning future facility-based meningitis surveillances in similar low-resource settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madalitso D Zulu
- University of North Carolina Project Malawi (UNCPM), Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Harrison Msuku
- MAC-Communicable Diseases Action Centre, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Christopher C Stanley
- MAC-Communicable Diseases Action Centre, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Vincent S Phiri
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Hillary M Topazian
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jobiba Chinkhumba
- MAC-Communicable Diseases Action Centre, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Irving F Hoffman
- University of North Carolina Project Malawi (UNCPM), Lilongwe, Malawi
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jonathan J Juliano
- University of North Carolina Project Malawi (UNCPM), Lilongwe, Malawi
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Don P Mathanga
- MAC-Communicable Diseases Action Centre, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
- School of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Tisungane Mvalo
- University of North Carolina Project Malawi (UNCPM), Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lee HG, Yi HJ, Shin DS, Kim BT. Comparison of 4 mm-sized and 3 mm-sized Stent Retrievers in Mechanical Thrombectomy for M2 Occlusion. Curr Neurovasc Res 2024:CNR-EPUB-139592. [PMID: 38584536 DOI: 10.2174/0115672026303196240327053722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 01/01/1970] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A stent retriever (SR) is widely used in mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for M2 segment occlusion. However, the suitable size of SR in M2 occlusion remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to compare 4 mm-sized SR with 3 mm-sized SR in M2 occlusion. METHODS Patients who underwent MT with SR for M2 occlusion were dichotomized into 4×20 mm SR and 3×20 mm SR groups. Then, 1:1 propensity score matching was performed. The M2 segment was divided into proximal and distal segments according to the occlusion site. Subgroup analysis was then performed for each cohort. RESULTS A total of 111 patients were enrolled, with 4×20 mm SR and 3×20 mm SR applied in 72 (64.9%) and 39 (35.1%) cases, respectively. In propensity score matching, mean number of stent passages for reperfusion was significantly lower in the 4×20 mm SR group than in the 3×20 mm SR group (1.5 ± 0.8 vs. 2.1 ± 1.1; p = 0.004). First-pass reperfusion (FPR) was more highly achieved in the 4×20 mm SR group than in the 3×20 mm SR group (52.6% vs. 42.1%; p = 0.007). In both proximal and distal occlusion cohorts, the 4 mm SR group showed lower mean number of SR passage (p = 0.004 and p =0.003, respectively) and higher FPR rate than the 3 mm SR group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION In MT for M2 occlusion, 4×20 mm SR enables an effective procedure with lesser SR passage for reperfusion and a higher rate of FPR than 3×20 mm SR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyul Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jun Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seong Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chamouard V, Freyssenge J, Clairaz-Mahiou B, Ferrera Bibas F, Fraticelli L. Evaluation of an e-Learning Program for Community Pharmacists for Dispensing Emicizumab (Hemlibra) in France: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54656. [PMID: 38574351 PMCID: PMC11027057 DOI: 10.2196/54656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since June 2021, patients with hemophilia A with antifactor VIII inhibitors and those with severe hemophilia A without antifactor VIII inhibitors treated with Hemlibra have had to choose between a community or hospital pharmacy. The French reference center for hemophilia developed the HEMOPHAR e-learning program for community pharmacists for dispensing emicizumab. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the efficiency and safety of this new care pathway by assessing the HEMOPHAR e-learning program. METHODS The methodology is based on Kirkpatrick's model for evaluating the immediate reaction of trained community pharmacists (level 1), their level of acquired knowledge (level 2), and their professional practice after 3 months of dispensation (level 3). RESULTS The HEMOPHAR e-learning program reached a large audience, with 67% (337/502) of the eligible community pharmacists following it. The immediate reaction was overall satisfying. High rates of engagement were reported with 63.5% (214/337) to 73.3% (247/337) of completed training modules, along with high rates of success with quizzes of 61.5% (174/337) to 95.7% (244/337). We observed that 83.9% (193/230) of the community pharmacists needed less than 2 attempts to pass the quiz of the module related to professional practice, while the other quizzes required more attempts. Advice on compliance and drug interactions were most frequently provided to patients by the community pharmacists. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests ways to improve the training of community pharmacists and to optimize coordination with treatment centers. This study also reports on the feasibility of switching to a community pharmacy in a secure pharmaceutical circuit, including in the context of a rare bleeding disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05449197; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05449197. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/43091.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Chamouard
- Louis Pradel Hospital, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, French Reference Center of Hemophilia, Bron, France
| | - Julie Freyssenge
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1290 Research on Healthcare Performance RESHAPE, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Laurie Fraticelli
- Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jobim Fischer V, Rossato Holz M, Billieux J, Andersson G, Vögele C. Web-Based Emotion Regulation Training for Sexual Health: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e50850. [PMID: 38568720 PMCID: PMC11024748 DOI: 10.2196/50850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective emotional regulation (ER) skills are important for sexual function, as they impact emotional awareness and expression during sexual activity, and therefore, satisfaction and distress. Emotion regulation interventions may offer a promising approach to improve sexual health. Web-based emotion regulation may be a therapeutic strategy for men and women with sexual health concerns. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of intervention trials investigating its effects in this context, much less using the internet. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of a web-based emotion regulation training program for sexual function in both men and women. METHODS The participants were recruited based on their self-reported sexual problems, which for men was defined by a score of <25 on the International Index Erectile Function (IIEF) and for women by a score of <26.55 on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The final sample included 60 participants who were randomized to either a web-based emotion regulation training for sexual function or to a waitlist control group. The treatment consisted of an 8-week web-based emotion regulation training for sexual function. The participants were assessed at baseline, post intervention, and the 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Of the 60 participants included, only 6 completed all 3 assessment points (n=5, 20% in the treatment group and n=1, 5% in the waitlist control group) after receiving the intervention. At follow-up, there were no significant differences between groups in any measure. Among the intervention completers, large-to-moderate within-group effect sizes were observed between the assessment points on measures of emotion regulation, depression, lubrication, orgasm, thoughts of sexual failure, and abuse during sexual activity. The adherence rate was very low, limiting the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Participants who completed the intervention showed improvements in both sexual function domains and emotion regulation. Nonetheless, due to a high dropout rate, this trial failed to collect sufficient data to allow for any conclusions to be drawn on treatment effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04792177; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04792177.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Jobim Fischer
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Science and Learning, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claus Vögele
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Brown TR, Amir H, Hirsch D, Jansen MO. Designing a Novel Digitally Delivered Antiracism Intervention for Mental Health Clinicians: Exploratory Analysis of Acceptability. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e52561. [PMID: 38568730 PMCID: PMC11024743 DOI: 10.2196/52561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a great need for evidence-based antiracism interventions targeting mental health clinicians to help mitigate mental health disparities in racially and ethnically minoritized groups. OBJECTIVE This study provides an exploratory analysis of mental health clinicians' perspectives on the acceptability of a web-based antiracism intervention. METHODS Mental health clinicians were recruited from a single academic medical center through outreach emails. Data were collected through individual 30-minute semistructured remote video interviews with participants, then recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS A total of 12 mental health clinicians completed the study; 10 out of 12 (83%) were female candidates. Over half (7/12, 58%) of the respondents desired more robust antiracism training in mental health care. Regarding the web-based antiracism intervention, (8/12, 67%) enjoyed the digitally delivered demo module, (7/12, 58%) of respondents suggested web-based content would be further enhanced with the addition of in-person or online group components. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a strong need for additional antiracist training for mental health clinicians. Overall, participants responded favorably to novel web-based delivery methods for an antiracism intervention. These findings provide important support for future development and pilot testing of a large-scale digitally enhanced antiracist curriculum targeting mental health clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tashalee Rushell Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Habiba Amir
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Drew Hirsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Madeline Owens Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abbey BM, Heelan KA, Bartee RT, George K, Foster NL, Estabrooks PA, Hill JL. Building Healthy Families: Outcomes of an Adapted Family Healthy Weight Program Among Children in a Rural Mid-Western Community. Child Obes 2024. [PMID: 38569168 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing an adapted, evidence-based 12-week Family Healthy Weight Program (FHWP), Building Healthy Families, on reducing BMI metrics and clinical health indicators in a real-world community setting. Methods: Ninety child participants with a BMI percentile greater or equal to the 95th percentile for gender and age and their parents/guardians (n = 137) enrolled in the program. Families attended 12 weekly group-based sessions of nutrition education, family lifestyle physical activity, and behavior modification. A pre-post study design with a 6-month follow-up was used. Results: Nine cohorts of families between 2009 and 2016 completed the program with 82.1% retention at 12 weeks and 53.6% at 6 months. Participants had statistically significant improvements at 12 weeks in BMI z-score, %BMIp95, body mass, body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass, and systolic blood pressure with greater improvement at 6 months in body mass, BMI metrics, body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass, and systolic blood pressure. Parents/guardians of the participants had similar statistically significant body composition and blood pressure improvements (p < 0.05). In addition, children had significant improvements in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) liver enzymes at 6 months. Conclusions: Overall, this study demonstrated that an evidence-based FHWP can result in statistically meaningful declines in BMI z-score and accompanied clinically meaningful changes in health risk. Participants lost ∼4% of their body mass in 12 weeks, while their parents/guardians lost closer to 7% of their body mass, which supports previous literature suggesting body mass changes influence health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryce M Abbey
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences and University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Kate A Heelan
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences and University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - R Todd Bartee
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Kaiti George
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences and University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA
| | - Nancy L Foster
- Psychology Department, Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Paul A Estabrooks
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health and School of Medicine; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jennie L Hill
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wei LM, Yu G, Bao HW, Lu HT, Sheng XH, Zhu YQ. Accuracy of 3.0T magnetic resonance angiography for the detection of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction in hemodialysis patients requiring interventional therapy: a prospective study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024; 14:2788-2799. [PMID: 38617180 PMCID: PMC11007513 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) is feasible to detect arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction in hemodialysis patients but is not sufficient to map the structure of fistula required for interventions. This study is designed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) at 3.0T versus CDUS for AVF dysfunction, by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as reference. Methods This prospective study enrolled 68 consecutive patients with dysfunctional AVF who underwent both CDUS and TOF-MRA at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The analysis of the dysfunctional AVFs was divided into three regions: the feeding artery, fistula and draining veins. In the whole- and per-regional-based analyses, two observers who were blinded to the clinical and DSA results independently analyzed all CDUS and TOF-MRA datasets. The image quality and stenosis severity of the lesions on TOF-MRA were evaluated. A receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to analyze the detection of AVF dysfunction with TOF-MRA. Results A total of 204 vessel regions were evaluated. The whole-region-based image quality of TOF-MRA was poorer in patients with a total occlusion (1.8±0.8) than in those with stenosis (2.7±0.6, P<0.001). In the whole-region analyses, TOF-MRA had higher sensitivity [99.1% (94.6-100.0%) vs. 82.9% (74.6-89.0%), P<0.001] and similar specificity [93.1% (85.0-97.1%) vs. 94.3% (86.5-97.9%), P=0.755] than CDUS. The per-region-based analyses showed that TOF-MRA yielded higher sensitivity [fistula region, 98.1% (88.4-99.9%) vs. 80.8% (67.0-89.9%); P=0.004; draining vein region, 100.0% (92.5-100.0%) vs. 85.0% (72.9-2.5%); P=0.003] and similar specificity [fistula region, 88.2% (62.3-97.8%) vs. 88.2% (62.3-97.9%); P>0.99; draining vein region, 100.0% (59.8-100.0%) vs. 87.5% (46.7-99.3%); P>0.99] than CDUS. Sensitivity and specificity of TOF-MRA were comparable to those of CDUS in feeding artery region. Conclusions TOF-MRA is a feasible and accurate method to display AVF dysfunction in hemodialysis patients, and this method might fulfill the endovascular treatment planning requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Wei
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Bao
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Tao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Qi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Le LTH, Hoang TNA, Nguyen TT, Dao TD, Do BN, Pham KM, Vu VH, Pham LV, Nguyen LTH, Nguyen HC, Tran TV, Nguyen TH, Nguyen AT, Nguyen HV, Nguyen PB, Nguyen HTT, Pham TTM, Le TT, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Quach HL, Nguyen KT, Duong TV. Sex Differences in Clustering Unhealthy Lifestyles Among Survivors of COVID-19: Latent Class Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e50189. [PMID: 38564248 PMCID: PMC10989720 DOI: 10.2196/50189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the significance of adopting healthy lifestyles to mitigate the risk of severe outcomes and long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE This study focuses on assessing the prevalence and clustering of 5 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among Vietnamese adults after recovering from COVID-19, with a specific emphasis on sex differences. METHODS The cross-sectional data of 5890 survivors of COVID-19 in Vietnam were analyzed from December 2021 to October 2022. To examine the sex differences in 5 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior), the percentages were plotted along with their corresponding 95% CI for each behavior. Latent class analysis was used to identify 2 distinct classes of individuals based on the clustering of these behaviors: the "less unhealthy" group and the "more unhealthy" group. We examined the sociodemographic characteristics associated with each identified class and used logistic regression to investigate the factors related to the "more unhealthy" group. RESULTS The majority of individuals (male participants: 2432/2447, 99.4% and female participants: 3411/3443, 99.1%) exhibited at least 1 unhealthy behavior, with male participants being more susceptible to multiple unhealthy behaviors. The male-to-female ratio for having a single behavior was 1.003, but it escalated to 25 for individuals displaying all 5 behaviors. Male participants demonstrated a higher prevalence of combining alcohol intake with sedentary behavior (949/2447, 38.8%) or an unhealthy diet (861/2447, 35.2%), whereas female participants tended to exhibit physical inactivity combined with sedentary behavior (1305/3443, 37.9%) or an unhealthy diet (1260/3443, 36.6%). Married male participants had increased odds of falling into the "more unhealthy" group compared to their single counterparts (odds ratio [OR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.14-1.85), while female participants exhibited lower odds (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51-0.83). Female participants who are underweight showed a higher likelihood of belonging to the "more unhealthy" group (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.89-1.39), but this was not observed among male participants (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.41-0.89). In both sexes, older age, dependent employment, high education, and obesity were associated with higher odds of being in the "more unhealthy" group. CONCLUSIONS The study identified notable sex differences in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among survivors of COVID-19. Male survivors are more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors compared to female survivors. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored public health interventions targeting sex-specific unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, addressing unhealthy habits is crucial for promoting post-COVID-19 health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan T H Le
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Biochemistry Department, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | - Tan T Nguyen
- Department of Orthopedics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
- Director Office, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Tien D Dao
- Institute of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Military Hospital 175, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh N Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Department of Military Science, Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Khue M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Vinh H Vu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Linh V Pham
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Lien T H Nguyen
- Department of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Hoang C Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Tuan V Tran
- Neurology Department, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Trung H Nguyen
- Director Office, Gang Thep Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- Director Office, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hai Duong, Vietnam
| | - Hoan V Nguyen
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoai T T Nguyen
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Kien An Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Thu T M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thuy T Le
- President Office, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Thao T P Nguyen
- Institute for Community Health Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Q Tran
- Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ha-Linh Quach
- Centre for Ageing Research & Education, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kien T Nguyen
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kim SY, Song DY, Bottema-Beutel K, Gillespie-Lynch K. Time to level up: A systematic review of interventions aiming to reduce stigma toward autistic people. Autism 2024; 28:798-815. [PMID: 37886792 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231205915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT How non-autistic people think about autistic people impacts autistic people negatively. Many studies developed trainings to reduce autism stigma. The existing trainings vary a lot in terms of study design, content, and reported effectiveness. This means that a review studying how the studies have been conducted is needed. We also looked at the quality of these studies. We collected and studied 26 studies that tried to reduce stigma toward autistic people. The studies often targeted White K-12 students and college students. Most trainings were implemented once. Trainings frequently used video or computer. Especially, recent studies tended to use online platforms. The study quality was poor for most studies. Some studies made inaccurate claims about the intervention effectiveness. Studies did not sufficiently address study limitations. Future trainings should aim to figure out why and how interventions work. How intervention changes people's behavior and thoughts should be studied. Researchers should study whether the training can change the societal stigma. Also, researchers should use a better study design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Da-Yea Song
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hoevenaars D, Holla JFM, de Groot S, Weijs PJM, Kraaij W, Janssen TWJ. Lifestyle and health changes in wheelchair users with a chronic disability after 12 weeks of using the WHEELS mHealth application. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2024; 19:648-657. [PMID: 36165036 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2022.2115563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine changes in physical activity, nutrition, sleep behaviour and body composition in wheelchair users with a chronic disability after 12 weeks of using the WHEELS mHealth application (app). METHODS A 12-week pre-post intervention study was performed, starting with a 1-week control period. Physical activity and sleep behaviour were continuously measured with a Fitbit charge 3. Self-reported nutritional intake, body mass and waist circumference were collected. Pre-post outcomes were compared with a paired-sample t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Fitbit data were analysed with a mixed model or a panel linear model. Effect sizes were determined and significance was accepted at p < .05. RESULTS Thirty participants completed the study. No significant changes in physical activity (+1.5 √steps) and sleep quality (-9.7 sleep minutes; -1.2% sleep efficiency) were found. Significant reduction in energy (-1022 kJ, d = 0.71), protein (-8.3 g, d = 0.61) and fat (-13.1 g, d = 0.87) intake, body mass (-2.2 kg, d = 0.61) and waist circumference (-3.3 cm, d = 0.80) were found. CONCLUSION Positive changes were found in nutritional behaviour and body composition, but not in physical activity and sleep quality. The WHEELS app seems to partly support healthy lifestyle behaviour.Implications for RehabilitationHealthy lifestyle promotion is crucial, especially for wheelchair users as they tend to show poorer lifestyle behaviour despite an increased risk of obesity and comorbidity.The WHEELS lifestyle app seems to be a valuable tool to support healthy nutrition choices and weight loss and to improve body satisfaction, mental health and vitality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Hoevenaars
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center | Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmijn F M Holla
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center | Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adapted Sports Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Sport Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja de Groot
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center | Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adapted Sports Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Sport Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J M Weijs
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wessel Kraaij
- Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas W J Janssen
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center | Reade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adapted Sports Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Sport Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Butjosa A, Cruz D, Richart T, Terradas MR, Group CCAMH, Lacasa F. Rapid Response Unit for Children and Adolescents at Risk of Suicide: Promoting Therapeutic Linkage and Reducing the Risk of Relapse. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2024; 52:72-82. [PMID: 38622005 PMCID: PMC11009870 DOI: 10.62641/aep.v52i2.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increase in suicidal behavior among adolescents under 17 years of age in Catalonia between 2019 and 2022 has gone from 473 to 1425 cases, which entails a new healthcare challenge. The objective of the article is to explain the procedure and intervention of the Rapid Response Unit (RRU) for children and adolescents at risk of suicide. The RRU is a multidisciplinary unit designed to prevent relapse and increase link-up to treatment. The cases attended in its 14 months of operation are described. METHODOLOGY 24 patients, 18 females and 6 males aged between 12 and 17 years, attended for the first time at the Child and Adolescent Health Centre of Cornellà for activation of the Suicide Risk Code (CRS) in hospital emergency departments during the period studied. RESULTS After the intervention, high suicidal risk decreased from 29.17% to 0%, medium risk decreased from 37.5% to 20.83% and low risk increased from 33.33% to 79.17%. In addition, there was only one new CRS activation in the 3 months following the first activation. In the RRU, care was intensive: 52.7% of cases with visits once a week and more than once a week in 24.9%. During the intervention months 100% of cases were linked and no interruptions occurred. CONCLUSIONS Rapid Response Unit (RRU) decreases the risk of recurrence of suicidal behavior and ensures therapeutic linkage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Butjosa
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan Research Institute de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Etiopathogenesis and Treatment of Gray Mental Disorders (MERITT), Institute of Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Teresa Richart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - CCAMH Group
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Fernando Lacasa
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Sant Joan Research Institute de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Goldsamt LA, Liang E, Handschuh C, Navarra AM. The development of social capital in a peer-led mHealth cognitive behavioral antiretroviral therapy adherence intervention for HIV + adolescents and young adults. AIDS Care 2024; 36:425-431. [PMID: 37795674 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2262981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Adherence Connection for Counseling, Education, and Support (ACCESS)-I is a peer-led mHealth antiretroviral therapy adherence intervention for adolescents and young adults living with HIV who are in treatment but have detectable viral loads. Participants received five online sessions with peer health coaches who followed a structured intervention manual. Peers maintained intervention fidelity but also engaged in casual discussion that was not directly related to ART adherence or HIV. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the casual interactions that occurred during the ACCESS I intervention. Sessions were transcribed and coded, and these casual interactions were then coded into 10 subcodes to document their content, and also coded for three types of social capital - emotional, informational, and instrumental. Emotional and Informational social capital codes were the most common, while instrumental codes were rare. Activities was the most common topic overall, while encouragement was more common in emotional social capital narratives and personal experience was more common in informational social capital narratives. These casual interactions may strengthen peer-participant relationships, building social capital that could then be used to encourage positive behavior change. Although social capital was not directly measured, these analyses illustrate the value of attending to seemingly casual interactions in peer-led interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd A Goldsamt
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eva Liang
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Miller MB, Freeman LK, Helle AC, Hall NA, DiBello AM, McCrae CS. Comparative feasibility and preliminary efficacy of CBT for insomnia among adults seeking and not seeking addiction treatment. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13969. [PMID: 37423902 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Two out of three adults seeking treatment for alcohol or other substance use disorders report co-occurring symptoms of insomnia. This study compared the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among adults seeking and not seeking treatment for substance use. Adults with alcohol or other substance use disorders (n = 22, 32% female, 82% White; Mage = 39.5) completed assessments at baseline, post-treatment, and at 6 week follow-up. Of those, 11 were and 11 were not enrolled in substance use treatment. All received CBT-I. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Data were analysed using repeated measures analyses of variance. In the substance use treatment group, 6/11 completed post and 5/11 completed follow-up. In the non-treatment group, 9/11 completed post and 7/11 completed follow-up. Participants in both groups reported improvements in insomnia severity, sleep onset latency, and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, with most effects evident at post and follow-up. There was a marginal group-by-time interaction in the change in frequency of substance use, with only participants not in substance use treatment reporting decreases at follow-up. Participants in substance use treatment reported significant reductions in substance-related problems and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder over time; however, they also reported more symptoms at baseline. CBT-I produces similar reductions in insomnia but is relatively less feasible among individuals in (versus not in) treatment for substance use disorder. This may be due to the more complex logistics of accessing CBT-I among those in treatment. We speculate that integrating CBT-I into treatment for addictions may improve feasibility in this population. clinicaltrials.gov NCT04198311.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Lindsey K Freeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ashley C Helle
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicole A Hall
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Angelo M DiBello
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Milan FJ, Knight CJ, de Oliveira LM, Ciampolini V, Milistetd M. An integrative review of parent education approaches in sport: Considerations for program planning and evaluation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14620. [PMID: 38581216 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in the delivery and evaluation of parent education programs within youth sport. Subsequently, some recent reviews of these programs have been conducted. However, one consistent issue across many of the programs and associated review papers is the lack of an appropriate evaluation framework to guide the planning or associated reporting of the outcomes of the interventions. This has limited understanding of the overall impact of sport parenting interventions. Thus, the purposes of the current study were as follows: (a) to identify commonalities in the reporting and evaluation of parent education programs; (b) to identify gaps in the reporting and evaluation of parent education programs; (c) to draw these insights together to provide suggestions regarding how the RE-AIM could be used to enhance planning and evaluation of evidence-based programs for parent education in sport. Specifically, utilizing the RE-AIM framework to provide insights into pertinent evaluation metrics, this integrative review aimed to identify commonalities and gaps in the reporting of parent education programs. The RE-AIM framework considers the essential elements to assess the external and internal validity of interventions through five dimensions: Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (Am J Public Health. 1999;89(9):1322-1327). Subsequently, the review aimed to provide suggestions regarding strategies to enhance the planning and evaluation of evidence-based programs for parent education in sport. Overall, the analysis demonstrated that most studies presented some pertinent evaluation information related to the RE-AIM framework, such as the number of participants and contacts made, the measures used, and the program level. However, the studies also lacked information on participant exclusion criteria, the method used to select the delivery agent (e.g., parents engaged in the program), and cost measures. Overall, the current study identified various areas where programs could be enhanced, specifically related to reporting procedural elements (e.g., program design, target population, and costs) pertaining to the implementation of parent education programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício João Milan
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Camilla J Knight
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Adger, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - Vitor Ciampolini
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Michel Milistetd
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ikuma L, Ntiamoah I, Van Doren A, Bakshi A, Nahmens I. Feasibility of residential air quality monitoring to address asthma outcomes. J Occup Environ Hyg 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38560887 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2024.2315158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Improving asthma outcomes for underserved populations can be addressed through interventions to improve indoor air quality (IAQ). New protocol for measuring IAQ and health outcomes are imperative given advances in IAQ monitoring technology and challenges in conducting intervention research in homes. In this pilot study HEPA air purifiers and HEPA vacuum cleaners were provided to five homes with children with asthma. For 6 weeks, eight common components of air quality were measured using a low-cost multi-channel air quality monitoring device, with data conveyed directly from participant homes via Wi-Fi connection. In conjunction with periodic surveys on asthma control, impact of asthma on quality of life and intervention compliance, outcomes compared IAQ, home characteristics, and asthma-related measures. This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of a protocol to evaluate a dual component intervention to improve IAQ in homes, as measured with a low-cost air quality monitoring device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ikuma
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Isaac Ntiamoah
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Alicia Van Doren
- Family and Community Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Isabelina Nahmens
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Daniel LC, Venella KL, Woodard K, Poliakova P, Gross JY, Bercovitz IN, Moore D, Barakat LP, Freedman JL. Can extending time between vital sign checks improve sleep in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients? Testing feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30832. [PMID: 38197636 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) experience barriers to quality sleep. Frequent vital sign checks are necessary early posttransplant given risk of complications but can disrupt sleep. This study tested feasibility and acceptability of extending time between checking vitals (EVs) from every 4 to every 6 h to improve sleep. PROCEDURE HSCT patients ages 8-21 years (N = 50, mean age = 14.06, SD = 3.58) and their caregivers were enrolled 1-2 days prior to transplant, and 40 patients completed the 15-day study (NCT04106089). Patients wore an actigraph to estimate sleep and provided self- and caregiver-report of sleep. Sleep was observed for nights 0 to +4 posttransplant, and patients were then randomized to EVs either Days +5 to +9 or +10 to +14. Patients were assessed daily for medical eligibility to receive EVs; on days patients were eligible, nightshift nurses (N = 79) reported EV acceptability. RESULTS Of 200 potential nights for EVs (5 nights x 40 patients), patients were eligible for EVs on 126 nights (63% of eligible nights), and patients received EVs on 116 (92%) of eligible nights. Most patients received EVs ≥3 nights (n = 26, 65%, median = 3 nights). Most patients (85%), caregivers (80%), and nurses (84%) reported that patients used the additional 2 h during EVs for sleep, with reporters indicating moderate to high acceptability. There was preliminary evidence of efficacy indicated by caregiver-reported sleep disturbance and actigraphy-estimated improvements in sleep efficiency during EVs. CONCLUSION Extending time between vitals checks is highly acceptable to patients, caregivers, and nurses, and may offer a feasible approach to improve sleep in pediatric HSCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Daniel
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kimberly L Venella
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelsey Woodard
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Polina Poliakova
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - J Yael Gross
- College of Education, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Iris N Bercovitz
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dirk Moore
- School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lamia P Barakat
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason L Freedman
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ma W, Li S, Wang X, Chang Z, Ma J. The impact of refined nursing intervention on neurological function recovery and prognosis improvement in patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm intervention. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38517685 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2333478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to explore the application of refined nursing intervention in patients undergoing unruptured intracranial aneurysm intervention, evaluating its impact on neurological function recovery and prognosis improvement. METHODS Patients diagnosed with intracranial aneurysms and undergoing treatment at our hospital from February 2022 to June 2023 were included in this study. After applying complete inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure sample representativeness, a total of 92 patients were enrolled. Using a randomization method, patients were divided into an observation group and a control group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received refined nursing intervention. Nursing effects were compared between the two groups, and statistical analysis was conducted using appropriate methods, with content analysis summarizing the results. RESULTS The observation group, post-intervention, exhibited significantly improved Neurological Function Deficit (NFD) scores compared to the control group (p = 0.023). Additionally, the observation group showed higher proportions of Grade V patients in the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) post-intervention (p = 0.031). Moreover, Fugl Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores for motor function were notably higher in the observation group than the control group (p = 0.003). The observation group also reported lower headache intensity and fewer adverse outcomes than the control group (p = 0.018, 0.038). CONCLUSION Refined nursing intervention in patients undergoing intracranial aneurysm intervention demonstrates better outcomes in terms of neurological function recovery and prognosis improvement. It reduces uncertainty in nursing practices, effectively enhancing nursing outcomes, and warrants clinical application and promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Ma
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Shixing Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiuhua Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zukuan Chang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Neurointerventional, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|