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Bacârea A, Coman O, Bacârea VC, Văsieşiu AM, Săplăcan I, Fodor RŚ, Grigorescu BL. Immune profile of patients‑a new approach in management of sepsis and septic shock? Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:203. [PMID: 38590571 PMCID: PMC11000046 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was a prospective observational single center study, enrolling 102 patients with sepsis, admitted in the Intensive Care Unit of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital in Târgu Mureș (Mureș, Romania). The main goal of the present study was to compare the changes of the following parameters on day 1 compared with day 5, in sepsis compared with septic shock, as well as in survivors compared with non-survivors: Cell blood count parameters, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and systemic inflammation index, C reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, procalcitonin (PCT), CD 3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD16+CD56+/CD3-NK cells and CD19+ B cells. The relationship between the subcategories of lymphocytes with the inflammatory markers was evaluated. The serum concentration of CRP and PCT was significantly lower on day 5 compared with day 1 and serum ferritin was significantly higher in patients with septic shock. The percentage of cytotoxic T lymphocytes was significantly decreased and the percentage of NK lymphocytes was significantly increased in patients who developed septic shock. The results indicated a negative significant correlation between the proportion of T lymphocytes and PCT concentration and a positive significant correlation between the proportion of B lymphocytes and PCT concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Bacârea
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
| | - Oana Coman
- Department of Simulation Applied in Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
| | - Vladimir Constantin Bacârea
- Department of Scientific Research Methodology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
| | - Anca Meda Văsieşiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
| | - Irina Săplăcan
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540136, Romania
| | - Raluca Śtefania Fodor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
| | - Bianca Liana Grigorescu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology ‘George Emil Palade’, Târgu Mureș, Mureș 540142, Romania
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Cohen NA, Weber CR, Cheng JX, Choi D, Garcia NM, Choi NK, Rubin DT. Ozanimod-exposed Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Total Colectomy Exhibit Unique Lymph Node Histological Changes. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:638-641. [PMID: 37879626 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ozanimod regulates lymphocyte egress from the spleen and lymph nodes into the systemic circulation. The histological changes which occur in the lymph nodes of patients on ozanimod is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] undergoing total colectomy for treatment-refractory disease who received ozanimod, and a cohort of patients with UC undergoing colectomy who did not have ozanimod exposure. Histology of the lymph nodes from the mesentery of colectomy specimens was reviewed and multiple features were scored by experienced pathologists. RESULTS Six [13%] ozanimod-treated patients with UC required surgery for treatment-refractory disease. Colectomy specimen data were available for five patients [one patient had surgery at an outside centre]. Lymph node specimens from six control patients with UC who had colectomy were examined. Histological examination of lymph nodes showed that patients treated with ozanimod had significantly greater extent of dilated sinuses [p = 0.03] and greater degrees of sinus histiocytosis [p = 0.03] compared with control patients. In addition, there was a trend towards more Castleman-like angiotrophic hyperplasia, plasma cell infiltration, and subcortical interfollicular expansion in ozanimod-treated patients. CONCLUSION This study identifies unique histological changes in the lymph nodes of patients with UC treated with ozanimod. The presence of sinus histiocytosis and dilated sinuses is in keeping with the known mechanism of action of ozanimod, and suggests that blocking lymphocyte egression from lymph nodes was insufficient to ameliorate disease severity in these patients. The possibility of Castleman-like features, identified in several of the cases, needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel A Cohen
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jason X Cheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Choi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicole M Garcia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalie K Choi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David T Rubin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kinane DF, Lappin DF, Culshaw S. The role of acquired host immunity in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38641953 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review is to relate the contribution of European researchers to the complex topic of the host immune system in periodontal disease, focusing on acquired immunity. Other chapters in this volume will address the genetics and autoantibody responses and other forms of immunity to periodontal disease. While the contribution of European authors is the focus, global literature is included in this descriptive narrative for contextual clarity, albeit many with European co-authors. The topic is relatively intense and is thus broken down into sections outlined below, tackled as descriptive narratives to enhance understanding. Any attempt at a systematic or scoping review was quickly abandoned given the descriptive nature and marked variation of approach in almost all publications. Even the most uniform area of this acquired periodontal immunology literature, antibody responses to putative pathogens in periodontal diseases, falls short of common structures and common primary outcome variables one would need and expect in clinical studies, where randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) abound. Addressing 'the host's role' in immunity immediately requires a discussion of host susceptibility, which necessitates consideration of genetic studies (covered elsewhere in the volume and superficially covered here).
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Chiloiro S, Moroni R, Giampietro A, Angelini F, Gessi M, Lauretti L, Mattogno PP, Calandrelli R, Tartaglione T, Carlino A, Gaudino S, Olivi A, Rindi G, De Marinis L, Pontecorvi A, Doglietto F, Bianchi A. The Multibiomarker Acro-TIME Score Predicts fg-SRLs Response: Preliminary Results of a Retrospective Acromegaly Cohort. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1341-1350. [PMID: 37975821 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prompt control of acromegaly is a primary treatment aim for reducing related disease morbidity and mortality. First-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) are the cornerstone of medical therapies. A non-negligible number of patients do not respond to this treatment. Several predictors of fg-SRL response were identified, but a comprehensive prognostic model is lacking. OBJECTIVE We aimed to design a prognostic model based on clinical and biochemical parameters, and pathological features, including data on immune tumor microenvironment. METHODS A retrospective, monocenter, cohort study was performed on 67 medically naïve patients with acromegaly. Fifteen clinical, pathological, and radiological features were collected and analyzed as independent risk factors of fg-SRLs response, using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A stepwise selection method was applied to identify the final regression model. A nomogram was then obtained. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were fg-SRLs responders. An increased risk to poor response to fg-SRLs were observed in somatotropinomas with absent/cytoplasmatic SSTR2 expression (OR 5.493 95% CI 1.19-25.16, P = .028), with low CD68+/CD8+ ratio (OR 1.162, 95% CI 1.01-1.33, P = .032). Radical surgical resection was associated with a low risk of poor fg-SRLs response (OR 0.106, 95% CI 0.025-0.447 P = .002). The nomogram obtained from the stepwise regression model was based on the CD68+/CD8+ ratio, SSTR2 score, and the persistence of postsurgery residual tumor and was able to predict the response to fg-SRLs with good accuracy (area under the curve 0.85). CONCLUSION Although our predictive model should be validated in prospective studies, our data suggest that this nomogram may represent an easy to use tool for predicting the fg-SRL outcome early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Chiloiro
- UOC Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Giampietro
- UOC Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Gessi
- Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Liverana Lauretti
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Mattogno
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Calandrelli
- UOSD Neuroradiologia Diagnostica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Tartaglione
- UOSD Neuroradiologia Diagnostica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Carlino
- Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Gaudino
- UOSD Neuroradiologia Diagnostica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Guido Rindi
- Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Laura De Marinis
- UOC Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- UOC Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Doglietto
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- UOC Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Lee K, Gharaie S, Kurzhagen JT, Newman-Rivera AM, Arend LJ, Noel S, Rabb H. Double-negative T cells have a reparative role after experimental severe ischemic acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38634135 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00376.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells mediate organ injury and repair. A proportion of unconventional kidney T cells called double-negative (DN) T cells (TCR+ CD4- CD8-), with anti-inflammatory properties, were previously demonstrated to protect from early injury in moderate experimental AKI. However, their role in repair after AKI has not been studied. We hypothesized that DN T cells mediate repair after severe AKI. C57B6 mice underwent severe (40min) unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Kidney DN T cells were studied by flow cytometry and compared to gold-standard anti-inflammatory CD4+ Tregs. In vitro effects of DN T cells and Tregs on renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) repair after injury were quantified with live-cell analysis. DN T cells, Tregs, CD4 or vehicle were adoptively transferred after severe AKI. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured using FITC-sinistrin. Fibrosis was assessed with Masson's trichrome staining. Profibrotic genes were measured with qRT-PCR. Percentages and the numbers of DN T cells substantially decreased during repair phase after severe AKI, as well as their activation and proliferation. Both DN T cells and Tregs accelerated RTEC cell repair in vitro. Post-AKI transfer of DN T cells reduced kidney fibrosis and improved GFR, as did Treg transfer. DN T cell transfer lowered TGFβ1 and αSMA expression. DN T cells reduced effector-memory CD4+ T cells and IL-17 expression. DN T cells undergo quantitative and phenotypical changes after severe AKI, accelerate RTEC repair in vitro as well as improve GFR and renal fibrosis in vivo. DN T cells have potential as immunotherapy to accelerate repair after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sepideh Gharaie
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Johanna T Kurzhagen
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Lois J Arend
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sanjeev Noel
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hamid Rabb
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Tsuchiya M, Tachibana N, Hamachi I. Post-click labeling enables highly accurate single cell analyses of glucose uptake ex vivo and in vivo. Commun Biol 2024; 7:459. [PMID: 38627603 PMCID: PMC11021395 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular glucose uptake is a key feature reflecting metabolic demand of cells in physiopathological conditions. Fluorophore-conjugated sugar derivatives are widely used for monitoring glucose transporter (GLUT) activity at the single-cell level, but have limitations in in vivo applications. Here, we develop a click chemistry-based post-labeling method for flow cytometric measurement of glucose uptake with low background adsorption. This strategy relies on GLUT-mediated uptake of azide-tagged sugars, and subsequent intracellular labeling with a cell-permeable fluorescent reagent via a copper-free click reaction. Screening a library of azide-substituted monosaccharides, we discover 6-azido-6-deoxy-D-galactose (6AzGal) as a suitable substrate of GLUTs. 6AzGal displays glucose-like physicochemical properties and reproduces in vivo dynamics similar to 18F-FDG. Combining this method with multi-parametric immunophenotyping, we demonstrate the ability to precisely resolve metabolically-activated cells with various GLUT activities in ex vivo and in vivo models. Overall, this method provides opportunities to dissect the heterogenous metabolic landscape in complex tissue environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Tsuchiya
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- PRESTO (Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075, Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Tachibana
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- PRESTO (Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
- ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, JST), Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075, Japan.
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Arkhipov SN, Liao TDS, Potter DL, Bobbitt KR, Ivanov V, Ortiz PA, Pavlov TS. Dissociation of Hypertension and Renal Damage After Cessation of High-Salt Diet in Dahl Rats. Hypertension 2024. [PMID: 38618734 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every year, thousands of patients with hypertension reduce salt consumption in the efforts to control their blood pressure. However, hypertension has a self-sustaining character in a significant part of the population. We hypothesized that chronic hypertension leads to irreversible renal damage that remains after removing the trigger, causing an elevation of the initial blood pressure. METHODS Dahl salt-sensitive rat model was used for chronic, continuous observation of blood pressure. Rats were fed a high salt diet to induce hypertension, and then the diet was switched back to normal sodium content. RESULTS We found that developed hypertension was irreversible by salt cessation: after a short period of reduction, blood pressure grew even higher than in the high-salt phase. Notably, the self-sustaining phase of hypertension was sensitive to benzamil treatment due to sustaining epithelial sodium channel hyperactivity, as shown with patch-clamp analysis. Glomerular damage and proteinuria were also irreversible. In contrast, some mechanisms, contributing to the development of salt-sensitive hypertension, normalized after salt restriction. Thus, flow cytometry demonstrated that dietary salt reduction in hypertensive animals decreased the number of total CD45+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ cells in renal tissues. Also, we found tubular recovery and improvement of glomerular filtration rate in the postsalt period versus a high-salt diet. CONCLUSIONS Based on earlier publications and current data, poor response to salt restriction is due to the differential contribution of the factors recognized in the developmental phase of hypertension. We suggest that proteinuria or electrolyte transport can be prioritized over therapeutic targets of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N Arkhipov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
| | - Tang-Dong S Liao
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
| | - D'Anna L Potter
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
| | - Kevin R Bobbitt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (K.R.B.)
| | - Veniamin Ivanov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
| | - Pablo A Ortiz
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
| | - Tengis S Pavlov
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., T.-D.S.L., D.A.L.P., V.I., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. (S.N.A., P.A.O., T.S.P.)
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Lin TD, Rubinstein ND, Fong NL, Smith M, Craft W, Martin-McNulty B, Perry R, Delaney MA, Roy MA, Buffenstein R. Evolution of T cells in the cancer-resistant naked mole-rat. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3145. [PMID: 38605005 PMCID: PMC11009300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Naked mole-rats (NMRs) are best known for their extreme longevity and cancer resistance, suggesting that their immune system might have evolved to facilitate these phenotypes. Natural killer (NK) and T cells have evolved to detect and destroy cells infected with pathogens and to provide an early response to malignancies. While it is known that NMRs lack NK cells, likely lost during evolution, little is known about their T-cell subsets in terms of the evolution of the genes that regulate their function, their clonotypic diversity, and the thymus where they mature. Here we find, using single-cell transcriptomics, that NMRs have a large circulating population of γδT cells, which in mice and humans mostly reside in peripheral tissues and induce anti-cancer cytotoxicity. Using single-cell-T-cell-receptor sequencing, we find that a cytotoxic γδT-cell subset of NMRs harbors a dominant clonotype, and that their conventional CD8 αβT cells exhibit modest clonotypic diversity. Consistently, perinatal NMR thymuses are considerably smaller than those of mice yet follow similar involution progression. Our findings suggest that NMRs have evolved under a relaxed intracellular pathogenic selective pressure that may have allowed cancer resistance and longevity to become stronger targets of selection to which the immune system has responded by utilizing γδT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzuhua D Lin
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicole L Fong
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Megan Smith
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Craft
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Perry
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
| | | | - Margaret A Roy
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Rochelle Buffenstein
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA.
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Mahapatra G, Gao Z, Bateman JR, Lockhart SN, Bergstrom J, Piloso JE, Craft S, Molina AJA. Peripheral Blood Cells from Older Adults Exhibit Sex-Associated Differences in Mitochondrial Function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024:glae098. [PMID: 38602189 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood based mitochondrial bioenergetic profiling is a feasible, economical, and minimally invasive approach that can be used to examine mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in human subjects. In this study, we use two complementary respirometric techniques to evaluate mitochondrial bioenergetics in both intact and permeabilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and platelets to examine sex dimorphism in mitochondrial function among older adults. Employing equal numbers of PBMCs and platelets to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics, we observe significantly higher respiration rates in female compared to male participants. Mitochondrial bioenergetic differences remain significant after controlling for independent parameters including demographic parameters (age, years of education), and cognitive parameters (mPACC5, COGDX). Our study illustrates that circulating blood cells, immune cells in particular, have distinctly different mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles between females and males. These differences should be taken into account as blood based bioenergetic profiling is now commonly used to understand the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in human health and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Mahapatra
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhengrong Gao
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James R Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Samuel Neal Lockhart
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jaclyn Bergstrom
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jemima Elizabeth Piloso
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatrics, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
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de Kermenguy F, Benzazon N, Maury P, Vauclin R, M'hamdi M, Cifliku V, Limkin E, Diallo I, Morel D, Milewski C, Clémenson C, Mondini M, Deutsch E, Robert C. LymphoDose: a lymphocyte dose estimation framework - application to brain radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2024. [PMID: 38593817 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad3c8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe radiation-induced lymphopenia occurs in 40% of patients treated for primary brain tumors and is an independent risk factor of poor survival outcomes. We developed an in-silico framework that estimates the radiation doses received by lymphocytes during VMAT brain irradiation.
Approach: We implemented a simulation consisting of two interconnected compartmental models describing the slow recirculation of lymphocytes between lymphoid organs (M_1) and the bloodstream (M_2). We used dosimetry data from 33 patients treated with chemo-radiation for glioblastoma to compare three cases of the model, corresponding to different physical and biological scenarios: H1) lymphocytes circulation only in the bloodstream i.e., circulation in M_2 only; H2) lymphocytes recirculation between lymphoid organs i.e. circulation in M_1 and M_2 interconnected; H3) lymphocytes recirculation between lymphoid organs and deep-leaning computed out-of-field dose to head and neck lymphoid structures. A sensitivity analysis of the model's parameters was also performed.
Main results: For H1, H2 and H3 cases respectively, the irradiated fraction of lymphocytes was 99.8±0.7%, 40.4±10.2% et 97.6±2.5%, and the average dose to irradiated pool was 309.9±74.7mGy, 52.6±21.1mGy and 265.6±48.5mGy. The recirculation process considered in the H2 case implied that irradiated lymphocytes were irradiated in the field only 1.58±0.91 times on average after treatment. The out-of-field irradiation of head and neck lymphoid structures considered in H3 was an important contribution to lymphocytes dose. In all cases, the estimated doses are low compared with lymphocytes radiosensitivity, and other mechanisms could explain high prevalence of RIL in patients with brain tumors.
Significance: Our framework is the first to take into account out-of-field doses and recirculation in lymphocyte dose assessment during brain irradiation. Our results demonstrate the need to clarify the indirect effects of irradiation on lymphopenia, in order to potentiate the combination of radio-immunotherapy or the abscopal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- François de Kermenguy
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Nathan Benzazon
- Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, INSERM UMR1030, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Pauline Maury
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Rémi Vauclin
- TheraPanacea, 7 bis Bd Bourdon, Paris, 75004, FRANCE
| | - Meissane M'hamdi
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Vjona Cifliku
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Elaine Limkin
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Ibrahima Diallo
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Daphné Morel
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Candice Milewski
- Physique Médicale, Gustave Roussy Departement de Radiotherapie, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Céline Clémenson
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Michele Mondini
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Eric Deutsch
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
| | - Charlotte Robert
- UMR 1030 Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, Île-de-France, 94805, FRANCE
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Jacques C, Marchand F, Chatelais M, Albinet V, Coustal C, Floris I. The Micro-Immunotherapy Medicine 2LPAPI ® Displays Immune-Modulatory Effects in a Model of Human Papillomavirus Type-16 L1-Protein Capsid-Treated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Antiproliferative Effects in a Model of Cervical Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1421. [PMID: 38611099 PMCID: PMC11010933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the second most common infectious agent causing cancer. Persistent infection with high-risk (HR)-HPV can lead to cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinomas (CC). While host immune response is necessary for viral clearance, chronic immune activation contributes to a low-grade inflammation that can ultimately lead to carcinogenesis. The micro-immunotherapy medicine (MIM) 2LPAPI® could be a valuable tool to manage the clearance of the virus and reduce the risk of developing CC. In this in vitro study, we aimed to investigate its mode of action. We showed that actives from the MIM increased the IL-6, IFN-γ, and IP-10 secretion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to peptides derived from the HPV-16 capsid (HPV16(L1)). This could reflect an increase in the immune activity toward HPV-16. At the same time, some active substances reduced the lympho-proliferation and the expression of T-cell activation markers. Finally, some of the MIM actives displayed antiproliferative effects in CC-derived HeLa cells under serum-starvation conditions. Altogether, this body of data highlighted for the first time the dual effect of MIM in the framework of HR-HPV infections as a potential (i) immune modulator of HPV16(L1)-treated PBMCs and (ii) antiproliferative agent of HPV-positive CC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacques
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
| | - Flora Marchand
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- ProfileHIT, 7 rue du Buisson, 44680 Sainte-Pazanne, France; (F.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Virginie Albinet
- Imavita S.A.S., Canal Biotech 1&2, 3 rue des Satellites, Parc Technologique du Canal, 31400 Toulouse, France; (V.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Claire Coustal
- Imavita S.A.S., Canal Biotech 1&2, 3 rue des Satellites, Parc Technologique du Canal, 31400 Toulouse, France; (V.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Ilaria Floris
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Pescalis-Les Magnys, 79320 Moncoutant-sur-Sevre, France;
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12
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Pertiwi KR, Teunissen MBM, Krebbers G, Willems MC, Huisman L, Poelen C, van der Wal AC, de Boer OJ. Enrichment of type 1 innate lymphoid cells in the course of human atherosclerotic plaque development suggests contribution to atherogenesis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354617. [PMID: 38638438 PMCID: PMC11024276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been implicated in multiple pathologic conditions, including atherogenesis, as documented in experimental mice studies, however, their role in atherosclerosis in humans remains unexplored. Methods Here, we identify ILCs and their dynamics in early, advanced, and complicated human carotid- and aortic atherosclerotic plaques, using a multiplex immunohistochemical quadruple-staining technique with prototypic transcription factors T-bet, GATA3, or RORgt for identification of the ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 subsets, respectively, in combination with lineage markers CD3, CD20/ CD79a and CD56 to exclude other lymphoid cell types. ILC subsets were quantified, and to put this in perspective, their numbers were expressed as percentage of the total number of infiltrated lymphoid cells and related to the frequency of conventional T cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells. Results All ILC subsets were present in every different stage of atherogenesis. ILC1s were the most abundant ILC subset, and their numbers significantly increased in the course of plaque development, but paradoxically, their relative frequency was reduced because of a higher increment of T cells and B cells. The numbers of ILC2s and ILC3s also gradually increased, but this trend did not achieve significance. T cell subsets always significantly outnumbered their ILC counterparts, except for the early lesions where the proportion of ILC1s was markedly higher, albeit not significant. Discussion The high abundance of ILC1s in the early stages and further significant enrichment in later stages, suggest they may participate in the initiation and development of atherogenesis, and thus, may represent a novel target to prevent or treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika R. Pertiwi
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Faculty of Medicine and Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marcel B. M. Teunissen
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gabrielle Krebbers
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martine C.M. Willems
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Flevoziekenhuis, Almere, Netherlands
| | - Laurens Huisman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Flevoziekenhuis, Almere, Netherlands
| | - Cindy Poelen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Allard C. van der Wal
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Onno J. de Boer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Rajamäki A, Lehtovirta L, Niemeläinen M, Reito A, Parkkinen J, Peräniemi S, Vepsäläinen J, Eskelinen A. Mild aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL)-type reactions also present in patients with failed knee prostheses. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:149-156. [PMID: 38569600 PMCID: PMC10990634 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.134.bjr-2023-0255.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Metal particles detached from metal-on-metal hip prostheses (MoM-THA) have been shown to cause inflammation and destruction of tissues. To further explore this, we investigated the histopathology (aseptic lymphocyte-dominated vasculitis-associated lesions (ALVAL) score) and metal concentrations of the periprosthetic tissues obtained from patients who underwent revision knee arthroplasty. We also aimed to investigate whether accumulated metal debris was associated with ALVAL-type reactions in the synovium. Methods Periprosthetic metal concentrations in the synovia and histopathological samples were analyzed from 230 patients from our institution from October 2016 to December 2019. An ordinal regression model was calculated to investigate the effect of the accumulated metals on the histopathological reaction of the synovia. Results Median metal concentrations were as follows: cobalt: 0.69 μg/g (interquartile range (IQR) 0.10 to 6.10); chromium: 1.1 μg/g (IQR 0.27 to 4.10); and titanium: 1.6 μg/g (IQR 0.90 to 4.07). Moderate ALVAL scores were found in 30% (n = 39) of the revised knees. There were ten patients with an ALVAL score of 6 or more who were revised for suspected periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), aseptic loosening, or osteolysis. R2 varied between 0.269 and 0.369 for the ordinal regression models. The most important variables were model type, indication for revision, and cobalt and chromium in the ordinal regression models. Conclusion We found that metal particles released from the knee prosthesis can accumulate in the periprosthetic tissues. Several patients revised for suspected culture-negative PJI had features of an ALVAL reaction, which is a novel finding. Therefore, ALVAL-type reactions can also be found around knee prostheses, but they are mostly mild and less common than those found around metal-on-metal prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Rajamäki
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lari Lehtovirta
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Niemeläinen
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aleksi Reito
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Sirpa Peräniemi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Antti Eskelinen
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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14
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Moine L, Canali MM, Salinas SR, Bianco ID, Porporatto C, Correa SG. Role of chitosan in intestinal integrity: TLR4 and IFNAR signaling in the induction of E-cadherin and CD103 in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131334. [PMID: 38582475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Chitin and its derivative chitosan (Q) are abundant structural elements in nature. Q has modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and also regulates the expression of adhesion molecules. The interaction between cells expressing the αEβ7 integrin and E-cadherin facilitates tolerogenic signal transmission and localization of lymphocytes at the frontline for interaction with luminal antigens. In this study we evaluated the ability of orally administered Q to stimulate E-cadherin and CD103 expression in vitro and in vivo. Our findings show that Q promoted epithelial cell migration, accelerated wound healing and increased E-cadherin expression in IEC-18 cells and isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) after Q feeding. The upregulation of E-cadherin was dependent on TLR4 and IFNAR signaling, triggering CD103 expression in lymphocytes. Q reinforced the E-cadherin-αEβ7 axis, crucial for intestinal barrier integrity and contributed to the localization of lymphocytes on the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Moine
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | | | - Silvina R Salinas
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos Y Procesos de Córdoba (CEPROCOR), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ismael D Bianco
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos Y Procesos de Córdoba (CEPROCOR), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Carina Porporatto
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Silvia G Correa
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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15
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Djajawi TM, Wichmann J, Vervoort SJ, Kearney CJ. Tumor immune evasion: insights from CRISPR screens and future directions. FEBS J 2024; 291:1386-1399. [PMID: 37971319 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the clinical success of cancer immunotherapies including immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapies across a variety of cancer types, many patients do not respond or ultimately relapse; however, the molecular underpinnings of this are not fully understood. Thus, a system-level understating of the routes to tumor immune evasion is required to inform the design of the next generation of immunotherapy approaches. CRISPR screening approaches have proved extremely powerful in identifying genes that promote tumor immune evasion or sensitize tumor cells to destruction by the immune system. These large-scale efforts have brought to light decades worth of fundamental immunology and have uncovered the key immune-evasion pathways subverted in cancers in an acquired manner in patients receiving immune-modulatory therapies. The comprehensive discovery of the main pathways involved in immune evasion has spurred the development and application of novel immune therapies to target this process. Although successful, conventional CRISPR screening approaches are hampered by a number of limitations, which obfuscate a complete understanding of the precise molecular regulation of immune evasion in cancer. Here, we provide a perspective on screening approaches to interrogate tumor-lymphocyte interactions and their limitations, and discuss further development of technologies to improve such approaches and discovery capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirta Mario Djajawi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Johannes Wichmann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Stephin J Vervoort
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Conor J Kearney
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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16
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Gavrielatou N, Fortis E, Spathis A, Anastasiou M, Economopoulou P, Foukas GRP, Lelegiannis IM, Rusakiewicz S, Vathiotis I, Aung TN, Tissot S, Kastrinou A, Kotsantis I, Vagia EM, Panayiotides I, Rimm DL, Coukos G, Homicsko K, Foukas P, Psyrri A. B-cell infiltration is associated with survival outcomes following programmed cell death protein 1 inhibition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:340-350. [PMID: 38159908 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) axis blockade has become the mainstay in the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the only approved biomarker for patient selection; however, response rate is limited even among high expressors. Our primary objective was to investigate the association of immune cell-related biomarkers in the tumor and tumor microenvironment with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors' outcomes in patients with R/M HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS NCT03652142 was a prospective study in nivolumab-treated platinum-refractory R/M HNSCC, aiming to evaluate biomarkers of response to treatment. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected from 60 patients at baseline, post-treatment, and at progression. Immune cells in the tumor and stromal compartments were quantified by immunofluorescence using a five-protein panel (CD3, CD8, CD20, FoxP3, cytokeratin). Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), PD-L1 expression, and peripheral blood immune cell composition were also evaluated for associations with outcome. Our findings were validated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) messenger RNA in situ expression data from the same patients, for B-cell- and TLS-associated genes. RESULTS High pre-treatment density of stromal B cells was associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.011). This result was validated by GSEA, as stromal enrichment with B-cell-associated genes showed association with response to nivolumab. PD-L1 positivity combined with high B-cell counts in stroma defined a subgroup with significantly longer PFS and overall survival (P = 0.013 and P = 0.0028, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Increased B cells in pre-treatment HNSCC biopsy samples correlate with prolonged benefit from PD-1-based immunotherapy and could further enhance the predictive value of PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gavrielatou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - E Fortis
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Spathis
- Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Anastasiou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P Economopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G R P Foukas
- Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I M Lelegiannis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - S Rusakiewicz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - I Vathiotis
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - T N Aung
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - S Tissot
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Kastrinou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Kotsantis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E M Vagia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - I Panayiotides
- Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - G Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Homicsko
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Foukas
- Department of Pathology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Psyrri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Attikon University Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Maltseva A, Kalinchuk A, Chernorubashkina N, Sisakyan V, Lots I, Gofman A, Anzhiganova Y, Martynova E, Zukov R, Aleksandrova E, Kolomiets L, Tashireva L. Predicting Response to Immunotargeted Therapy in Endometrial Cancer via Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Multicenter, Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3933. [PMID: 38612743 PMCID: PMC11011874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Only one-third of patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer exhibit a lasting response to the combination treatment of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib. The combined administration of these two drugs is based on Lenvatinib's ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment, enabling Pembrolizumab to exert its effect. These findings underscore the importance of exploring tumor microenvironment parameters to identify markers that can accurately select candidates for this type of therapy. An open non-randomized observational association study was conducted at six clinical centers, involving a total of 28 patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer who received Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib therapy. Using TSA-associated multiplex immunofluorescence, we analyzed the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD20+ B lymphocytes, FoxP3+ T regulatory lymphocytes, and CD163+ macrophages in tumor samples prior to immunotargeted therapy. The percentage of CD20+ B lymphocytes and the CD8-to-CD20 lymphocytes ratio was significantly higher in patients who responded to treatment compared to non-responders (responders vs. non-responders: 0.24 (0.1-1.24)% vs. 0.08 (0.00-0.15)%, p = 0.0114; 1.44 (0.58-2.70) arb. unit vs. 19.00 (3.80-34.78) arb. unit, p = 0.0031). The sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers were 85.71% and 70.59%, and 85.71% and 85.71%, respectively. The proportion of CD20+ B lymphocytes and the CD8-to-CD20 lymphocytes ratio in the stroma of endometrial cancer serves as both a prognostic marker of response to immunotargeted therapy and a prognostic factor for progression-free survival in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Maltseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | - Anna Kalinchuk
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | | | - Virab Sisakyan
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 2 Plakhotnogo St., Novosibirsk 630108, Russia; (V.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Igor Lots
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 2 Plakhotnogo St., Novosibirsk 630108, Russia; (V.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Alina Gofman
- Altai Regional Oncological Dispensary, 110 Zmeinogorsky tr., Barnaul 656000, Russia;
| | - Yulia Anzhiganova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Elizaveta Martynova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ruslan Zukov
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Elena Aleksandrova
- Yakut Republican Oncology Center, Build. 1, 81 Stadukhina St., Yakutsk 677005, Russia
| | - Larisa Kolomiets
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | - Liubov Tashireva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
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Jeong SU, Song JS, Lee HJ, Sa HS, Cho KJ. Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Ocular Sebaceous Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Analysis. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100449. [PMID: 38369185 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are known to have prognostic significance in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However, their significance in ocular sebaceous carcinoma (OSC) remains unverified because of the rarity of the condition. This study aimed to investigate the association between clinicopathologic features, biomarkers, and hrHPV infection and their potential to predict prognosis in OSC patients. We analyzed the clinicopathologic features of 81 OSC patients from Asan Medical Center between 2000 and 2022. Seventeen biomarkers and hrHPV were examined using immunohistochemistry and DNA in situ hybridization on tissue microarray cores. hrHPV was identified in 31 cases (38.3%). Univariate analysis revealed that hrHPV infection was associated with comedonecrosis (P = .032), high Ki-67 labeling index (≥30%, P = .042), lower expression of E-cadherin (P = .033), and loss of expression of zinc finger protein 750 (P = .023). Multivariate analysis revealed that loss of expression of zinc finger protein 750 (P = .026) remained an independently associated factor for hrHPV. Progression-free survival analysis was performed on 28 patients who were continuously observed for more than 5 years. During a median follow-up duration of 86 months, recurrence or metastasis developed in 14 patients (50%) within the survival cohort, occurring at a median time of 48 months after excision. Univariate analysis indicated that recurrence or metastasis was associated with tumor size (P = .010), high TILs (≥10%; P = .025), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.043), site of origin (P = .025), and high expression of bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (P = .039). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high TILs (P = .017) and site of origin (P = .025) were independent prognostic factors. The prognosis of OSC was hrHPV-independent, and a better prognosis was associated with the site of origin in the order of the gland of Zeis, meibomian gland, and multicentric site, as well as with high TILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Un Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seon Song
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seok Sa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ja Cho
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Prskalo L, Skopnik CM, Goerlich N, Freund P, Wagner L, Grothgar E, Mirkheshti P, Klocke J, Sonnemann J, Metzke D, Schneider U, Hiepe F, Eckardt KU, Salama AD, Bieringer M, Schreiber A, Enghard P. Urinary CD4 + T Cells Predict Renal Relapse in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:483-494. [PMID: 38231590 PMCID: PMC11000730 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Early identification of patients at risk of renal flares in ANCA vasculitis is crucial. However, current clinical parameters have limitations in predicting renal relapse accurately. This study investigated the use of urinary CD4 + T lymphocytes as a predictive biomarker for renal flares in ANCA vasculitis. This study, including urine samples from 102 patients, found that the presence of urinary CD4 + T cells was a robust predictor of renal relapse within a 6-month time frame, with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 97.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of urinary CD4 + T cells exceeded that of ANCA titers, proteinuria, and hematuria. Monitoring urinary CD4 + T lymphocytes could help assess the risk of future renal relapse, enabling early preventive measures and tailored treatment strategies. BACKGROUND In ANCA-associated vasculitis, there is a lack of biomarkers for predicting renal relapse. Urinary T cells have been shown to differentiate active GN from remission in ANCA-associated vasculitis, but their predictive value for renal flares remains unknown. METHODS The PRE-FLARED study was a prospective multicenter biomarker study including 102 individuals with ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission aimed to predict renal relapse by quantifying urinary CD4 + T-cell subsets using flow cytometry at baseline and monitoring clinical outcomes over a 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Among the participants, ten experienced renal relapses, two had non-renal flares, and 90 remained in stable remission. The median baseline urinary CD4 + T-cell count was significantly higher in patients who relapsed compared with those in remission. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of urinary CD4 + T-cell counts showed an area under the curve value of 0.88 for predicting renal flares, outperforming ANCA titers, hematuria, and proteinuria. Using a cutoff of 490 CD4 + T cells per 100 ml urine, the sensitivity and specificity in identifying patients with future renal flares were 60% and 97.8%, respectively. In a post hoc analysis, combining urinary CD4 + T-cell counts with proteinase-3 ANCA levels suggested improved predictive performance in the PR3 + subgroup. In addition, the number of urinary CD4 + T cells showed a limited correlation with a decline in GFR and an increase in proteinuria over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that urinary CD4 + T-cell counts could identify patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis at a substantial risk of renal relapse within 6 months. Combining these counts with ANCA levels further improved the prediction of relapse. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME AND REGISTRATION NUMBER Urinary T Lymphocytes Predict Renal Flares in Patients With Inactive ANCA-associated Glomerulonephritis (PRE-FLARED), NCT04428398 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Prskalo
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M. Skopnik
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Goerlich
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Freund
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Wagner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emil Grothgar
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pouneh Mirkheshti
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Klocke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Sonnemann
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Metzke
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Udo Schneider
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Foundation, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alan D. Salama
- University College London Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Bieringer
- Department of Nephrology, Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrian Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Karaca M, Salim E, Alemdar MS, Karaca ÖD, Arıcı MÖ. Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Complete Pathological Response in Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943750. [PMID: 38544312 PMCID: PMC10986316 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathologic response after neoadjuvant therapy has been shown to improve outcomes in rectal cancer. Inflammatory markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), have been studied to predict pathologic response and survival. This study aimed to evaluate the association between NLR and pathological response as well as outcome in patients with rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 187 patients with rectal cancer treated with nCRT followed by surgery between 2016 and 2020. The NLR was calculated using archival complete blood count records. Postoperative pathology reports were recorded. The NLR cut-off was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between NLR and clinicopathologic data to predict survival and prognosis. RESULTS An NLR >3.63 at diagnosis was the optimal cut-off value for predicting progression. Near-complete response rates were higher in patients with NLR <3.63 (38%) than in those with NLR >3.63 (18%) (P=0.035). The NLR <3.63 group had a significantly higher 5-year progression-free survival rate compared to the NLR >3.63 group (63.6% vs 40.1%, respectively; P=0.007). The NLR <3.63 group also had a higher 5-year overall survival (OS) rate than the NLR >3.63 group (72.3% vs 63.1%, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.077). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed a higher near-complete response rate in rectal cancer patients with NLR <3.63 receiving nCRT. This finding supports that a low preoperative NLR is a good prognostic factor in indicating pathological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Karaca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ece Salim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Özge Deniz Karaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özgür Arıcı
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Wang XY, Wei Y, Hu B, Liao Y, Wang X, Wan WH, Huang CX, Mahabati M, Liu ZY, Qu JR, Chen XD, Chen DP, Kuang DM, Wang XH, Chen Y. Correction: c-Myc-driven glycolysis polarizes functional regulatory B cells that trigger pathogenic inflammatory responses. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:72. [PMID: 38519471 PMCID: PMC10960028 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Yan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Hua Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mahepali Mahabati
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Rui Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ping Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ming Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xue-Hao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Damani-Yokota P, Eberl M. The γδ T Cell Club: bringing a global scientific community together in the age of Zoom. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38500262 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Immunologists are very social people-they love to meet other immunologists and talk about immunology (and immunologists). Constantly! γδ T-cell researchers are no exception. On the contrary, as there are not so many of them compared to, say, researchers working on dendritic cells, they especially crave frequent interactions with like-minded scientists. This is where the technological solutions being developed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic come into play that have, almost overnight, allowed researchers to hold meetings and lectures online. We here describe how we set up the virtual 'γδ T Cell Club', a monthly webinar series that aims to bring the field closer together, and present our musings about what we have learned from this experience, which we hope is useful for other researchers interested in connecting online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Damani-Yokota
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthias Eberl
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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23
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Langley D, Zimmermann K, Krenske E, Stefanutti G, Kimble RM, Holland AJA, Fear MW, Wood FM, Kenna T, Cuttle L. Unremitting pro-inflammatory T-cell phenotypes, and macrophage activity, following paediatric burn injury. Clin Transl Immunology 2024; 13:e1496. [PMID: 38463658 PMCID: PMC10921233 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to characterise the dynamic immune profile of paediatric burn patients for up to 18 months post-burn. Methods Flow cytometry was used to measure 25 cell markers, chemokines and cytokines which reflected both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune profiles. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 6 paediatric burn patients who had returned for repeated burn and scar treatments for > 4 timepoints within 12 months post-burn were compared to four age-matched healthy controls. Results While overall proportions of T cells, NK cells and macrophages remained relatively constant, over time percentages of these immune cells differentiated into effector and proinflammatory cell phenotypes including Th17 and activated γδ T cells. Circulating proportions of γδ T cells increased their expression of pro-inflammatory mediators throughout the burn recovery, with a 3-6 fold increase of IL-17 at 1-3 weeks, and NFκβ 9-18 months post-burn. T-regulatory cell plasticity was also observed, and Treg phenotype proportions changed from systemically reduced skin-homing T-regs (CCR4+) and increased inflammatory (CCR6+) at 1-month post-burn, to double-positive cell types (CCR4+CCR6+) elevated in circulation for 18 months post-burn. Furthermore, Tregs were observed to proportionally express less IL-10 but increased TNF-α over 18 months. Conclusion Overall, these results indicate the circulating percentages of immune cells do not increase or decrease over time post-burn, instead they become highly specialised, inflammatory and skin-homing. In this patient population, these changes persisted for at least 18 months post-burn, this 'immune distraction' may limit the ability of immune cells to prioritise other threats post-burn, such as respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Langley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC)QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CBT)Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Kelvin GroveQLDAustralia
| | - Kate Zimmermann
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC)QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Emma Krenske
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC)QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Giorgio Stefanutti
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Urology, Burns and TraumaChildren's Health Queensland, Queensland Children's HospitalSouth BrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Roy M Kimble
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Urology, Burns and TraumaChildren's Health Queensland, Queensland Children's HospitalSouth BrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Andrew JA Holland
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Burns Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kids Research InstituteSydney Medical School, The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
- Burns Service of Western AustraliaPerth Children's Hospital and Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWAAustralia
| | - Tony Kenna
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC)QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Leila Cuttle
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of HealthQueensland University of Technology (QUT)South BrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Centre for Biomedical Technology (CBT)Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Kelvin GroveQLDAustralia
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24
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Zhao T, Zhao Y, Chen H, Sun W, Guan Y. A GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach for comprehensive metabolic profiling of mycophenolate mofetil-induced toxicity in mice. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1332090. [PMID: 38516185 PMCID: PMC10955473 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1332090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), the morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid, is widely used for maintenance immunosuppression in transplantation. The gastrointestinal toxicity of MMF has been widely uncovered. However, the comprehensive metabolic analysis of MMF-induced toxicity is lacking. This study is aimed to ascertain the metabolic changes after MMF administration in mice. Methods: A total of 700 mg MMF was dissolved in 7 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and then 0.5 mL of mixture was diluted with 4.5 mL of saline (100 mg/kg). Mice in the treatment group (n = 9) were given MMF (0.1 mL/10 g) each day via intraperitoneal injection lasting for 2 weeks, while those in the control group (n = 9) received the same amount of blank solvent (DMSO: saline = 1:9). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to identify the metabolic profiling in serum samples and multiple organ tissues of mice. The potential metabolites were identified using orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis. Meanwhile, we used the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 (http://www.metaboanalyst.ca) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (http://www.kegg.jp) to depict the metabolic pathways. The percentages of lymphocytes in spleens were assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry analysis. Results: Compared to the control group, we observed that MMF treatment induced differential expression of metabolites in the intestine, hippocampus, lung, liver, kidney, heart, serum, and cortex tissues. Subsequently, we demonstrated that multiple amino acids metabolism and fatty acids biosynthesis were disrupted following MMF treatment. Additionally, MMF challenge dramatically increased CD4+ T cell percentages but had no significant influences on other types of lymphocytes. Conclusion: MMF can affect the metabolism in various organs and serum in mice. These data may provide preliminary judgement for MMF-induced toxicity and understand the metabolic mechanism of MMF more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfeng Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yaxin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- Department of Hematology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
- Postdoctoral of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Hematology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
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25
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Bushell D, Tan JKH, Smith J, Moro C. The identification of diurnal variations on circulating immune cells by finger prick blood sampling in small sample sizes: a pilot study. Lab Med 2024; 55:220-226. [PMID: 37478465 PMCID: PMC10920974 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are well-described impacts of biological rhythms on human physiology. With the increasing push for routine blood tests for preventative medical care and clinical and physiological research, optimizing effectiveness is paramount. This study aimed to determine whether it is feasible to assess diurnal variations of peripheral lymphocyte prevalence using finger prick blood in a small sample size. METHODS Using polychromatic flow cytometry, the prevalence of lymphocytes was assessed using 25 µL fingertip blood samples at 8 AM and 5 PM from 8 participants. RESULTS TH cells and B cells showed significantly higher percentages in the 5 PM samples, whereas NK cells demonstrated a significantly higher morning percentage. T cells, leukocytes, and cytotoxic T cells showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION The detection of diurnal variations demonstrates that small blood volumes can be used to detect lymphocyte variations. The lower blood volume required provides a new testing method for clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayna Bushell
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | | | - Jessica Smith
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | - Christian Moro
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
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26
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Ramalho T, Assis PA, Ojelabi O, Tan L, Carvalho B, Gardinassi L, Campos O, Lorenzi PL, Fitzgerald KA, Haynes C, Golenbock DT, Gazzinelli RT. Itaconate impairs immune control of Plasmodium by enhancing mtDNA-mediated PD-L1 expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Cell Metab 2024; 36:484-497.e6. [PMID: 38325373 PMCID: PMC10940217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Severe forms of malaria are associated with systemic inflammation and host metabolism disorders; however, the interplay between these outcomes is poorly understood. Using a Plasmodium chabaudi model of malaria, we demonstrate that interferon (IFN) γ boosts glycolysis in splenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MODCs), leading to itaconate accumulation and disruption in the TCA cycle. Increased itaconate levels reduce mitochondrial functionality, which associates with organellar nucleic acid release and MODC restraint. We hypothesize that dysfunctional mitochondria release degraded DNA into the cytosol. Once mitochondrial DNA is sensitized, the activation of IRF3 and IRF7 promotes the expression of IFN-stimulated genes and checkpoint markers. Indeed, depletion of the STING-IRF3/IRF7 axis reduces PD-L1 expression, enabling activation of CD8+ T cells that control parasite proliferation. In summary, mitochondrial disruption caused by itaconate in MODCs leads to a suppressive effect in CD8+ T cells, which enhances parasitemia. We provide evidence that ACOD1 and itaconate are potential targets for adjunct antimalarial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Ramalho
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Patricia A Assis
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ogooluwa Ojelabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brener Carvalho
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gardinassi
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Campos
- Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine A Fitzgerald
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cole Haynes
- Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Douglas T Golenbock
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Gao K, Ayati M, Kaye NM, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Christian E, Lazarus HM, Kaplan D. Possible Role of Correlation Coefficients and Network Analysis of Multiple Intracellular Proteins in Blood Cells of Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Studying the Mechanism of Lithium Responsiveness: A Proof-Concept Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1491. [PMID: 38592374 PMCID: PMC10935410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness in bipolar disorder (BD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of correlation coefficients and protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of intracellular proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of patients with BD in studying the potential mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness. Methods: Patients with bipolar I or II disorder who were diagnosed with the MINI for DSM-5 and at any phase of the illness with at least mild symptom severity and received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.6 mEq/L) for 16 weeks were divided into two groups, responders (≥50% improvement in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and/or Young Mania Rating Scale scores from baseline) and non-responders. Twenty-eight intracellular proteins/analytes in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed with a tyramine-based signal-amplified flow cytometry procedure. Correlation coefficients between analytes at baseline were estimated in both responders and non-responders and before and after lithium treatment in responders. PPI network, subnetwork, and pathway analyses were generated based on fold change/difference in studied proteins/analytes between responders and non-responders. Results: Of the 28 analytes from 12 lithium-responders and 11 lithium-non-responders, there were more significant correlations between analytes in responders than in non-responders at baseline. Of the nine lithium responders with pre- and post-lithium blood samples available, the correlations between most analytes were weakened after lithium treatment with cell-type specific patterns in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes. PPI network/subnetwork and pathway analyses showed that lithium response was involved in four pathways, including prolactin, leptin, neurotrophin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathways. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit genes were found in all four pathways. Conclusions: Using correlation coefficients, PPI network/subnetwork, and pathway analysis with multiple intracellular proteins appears to be a workable concept for studying the mechanism of lithium responsiveness in BD. Larger sample size studies are necessary to determine its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Nicholas M. Kaye
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Wester Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Joseph R. Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Eric Christian
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
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Soudais C, Schaus R, Bachelet C, Minet N, Mouasni S, Garcin C, Souza CL, David P, Cousu C, Asnagli H, Parker A, Palmquist-Gomes P, Sepulveda FE, Storck S, Meilhac SM, Fischer A, Martin E, Latour S. Inactivation of cytidine triphosphate synthase 1 prevents fatal auto-immunity in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1982. [PMID: 38438357 PMCID: PMC10912214 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
De novo synthesis of the pyrimidine, cytidine triphosphate (CTP), is crucial for DNA/RNA metabolism and depends on the CTP synthetases, CTPS1 and -2. Partial CTPS1 deficiency in humans has previously been shown to lead to immunodeficiency, with impaired expansion of T and B cells. Here, we examine the effects of conditional and inducible inactivation of Ctps1 and/or Ctps2 on mouse embryonic development and immunity. We report that deletion of Ctps1, but not Ctps2, is embryonic-lethal. Tissue and cells with high proliferation and renewal rates, such as intestinal epithelium, erythroid and thymic lineages, activated B and T lymphocytes, and memory T cells strongly rely on CTPS1 for their maintenance and growth. However, both CTPS1 and CTPS2 are required for T cell proliferation following TCR stimulation. Deletion of Ctps1 in T cells or treatment with a CTPS1 inhibitor rescued Foxp3-deficient mice from fatal systemic autoimmunity and reduced the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These findings support that CTPS1 may represent a target for immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Soudais
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Romane Schaus
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Camille Bachelet
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Norbert Minet
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sara Mouasni
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Garcin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Caique Lopes Souza
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre David
- Transgenesis Platform, Laboratoire d'Expérimentation Animale et Transgenèse (LEAT), Institut Imagine-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker INSERM US24/CNRS, UMS3633, Paris, France
| | - Clara Cousu
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8253, INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Asnagli
- Step-Pharma, Technoparc du Pays-de-Gex, Saint-Genis-Pouilly, France
| | - Andrew Parker
- Step-Pharma, Technoparc du Pays-de-Gex, Saint-Genis-Pouilly, France
| | - Paul Palmquist-Gomes
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Imagine - Institut Pasteur, Unit of Heart Morphogenesis, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Fernando E Sepulveda
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Altered Immune Homeostasis Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Storck
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8253, INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Sigolène M Meilhac
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Imagine - Institut Pasteur, Unit of Heart Morphogenesis, INSERM UMR1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
- Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Martin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, Inserm UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Fernández-García P, Taxerås SD, Reyes-Farias M, González L, Soria-Gondek A, Pellitero S, Tarascó J, Moreno P, Sumoy L, Stephens JM, Yoo LG, Galán M, Izquierdo A, Medina-Gómez G, Herrero L, Corrales P, Villarroya F, Cereijo R, Sánchez-Infantes D. Claudin-1 as a novel target gene induced in obesity and associated to inflammation, fibrosis, and cell differentiation. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:201-210. [PMID: 38375549 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T lymphocytes from visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (vWAT and sWAT, respectively) can have opposing roles in the systemic metabolic changes associated with obesity. However, few studies have focused on this subject. Claudin-1 (CLDN1) is a protein involved canonically in tight junctions and tissue paracellular permeability. We evaluated T-lymphocyte gene expression in vWAT and sWAT and in the whole adipose depots in human samples. METHODS A Clariom D-based transcriptomic analysis was performed on T lymphocytes magnetically separated from vWAT and sWAT from patients with obesity (Cohort 1; N = 11). Expression of candidate genes resulting from that analysis was determined in whole WAT from individuals with and without obesity (Cohort 2; patients with obesity: N = 13; patients without obesity: N = 14). RESULTS We observed transcriptional differences between T lymphocytes from sWAT compared with vWAT. Specifically, CLDN1 expression was found to be dramatically induced in vWAT T cells relative to those isolated from sWAT in patients with obesity. CLDN1 was also induced in obesity in vWAT and its expression correlates with genes involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and adipogenesis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CLDN1 is a novel marker induced in obesity and differentially expressed in T lymphocytes infiltrated in human vWAT as compared with sWAT. This protein may have a crucial role in the crosstalk between T lymphocytes and other adipose tissue cells and may contribute to inflammation, fibrosis, and alter homeostasis and promote metabolic disease in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Fernández-García
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
| | - Siri D Taxerås
- Endocrinology Department, Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Farias
- Endocrinology Department, Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Lorena González
- Endocrinology Department, Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Andrea Soria-Gondek
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- General Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Lauro Sumoy
- Endocrinology Department, Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center (PBRC), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States
| | - Lindsey G Yoo
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center (PBRC), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States
| | - María Galán
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
| | - Adriana Izquierdo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
| | - Gema Medina-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Corrales
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Infectious Diseases Unit, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Infantes
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Campus Alcorcón, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid E-28922, Spain
- Endocrinology Department, Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
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D'Cruz LM. From academia to industry: how reinvention and understanding your motivations can help you find your path. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:160-163. [PMID: 37842768 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In July 1999, I took my final curtsey as an aspiring ballet dancer in London. At the time, I was devastated, having been "assessed out" by the ballet school I'd attended the year after I finished high school in Ireland. I wish I knew then what I know now: there are no endings in a career, just different paths. It took a few more iterations for me to learn that lesson. I hope my experience described in this article can provide some reassurance for anyone out there grappling with their next career move.
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Waseem SMA, Masood I, Siddiqui AH, Amir M, Hussain SH, Husaini SHM. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Blood Eosinophil Levels As Inflammatory Indicators in Smoker and Non-smoker Young Adult Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital. Cureus 2024; 16:e56212. [PMID: 38618443 PMCID: PMC11016197 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory markers are elevated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can be quantified to detect severity, prognosis, mortality risk, and response to treatment. However, the estimation costs are high. The blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil levels are emerging as biomarkers in COPD, yet there is a paucity of data. Aim and objectives This study was designed to elucidate the roles of the NLR and eosinophil levels in smokers and non-smokers with stable COPD male subjects, correlating them with lung functions. Materials and methods A prospective observational clinical study was conducted from January to June 2023, after receiving approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, on 73 COPD patients aged 30-60 years who gave voluntary informed consent. Complete blood counts and spirometry were performed. Patients with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted <70% and an FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) % <70% based on the pulmonary function test (MIR Spirolab) were included. They were further divided into mild (n=10), moderate (n=27), severe (n=26), and very severe (n=10) categories as per the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. Subjects were also categorized into smoker (n=45) and non-smoker (n=28) groups. The complete blood count was analyzed using an automated analyzer (Beckman Coulter). Analysis was also carried out with an NLR of more or less than three. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results Smokers constituted 61.65% (n=45) of the subjects, and non-smokers 38.35% (n=28). Among smokers, 17.78% had very severe airflow obstruction. In all COPD subjects (n=73), lymphocytes, eosinophils, and lung functions were lower in the group where the NLR was greater than three. NLR in smokers (3.52±1.43) was higher than in non-smokers (3.39±0.94). In non-smokers (n=28), blood eosinophils and lymphocytes were elevated. In smokers (n=45), blood neutrophils, monocytes, and basophils were increased. Smokers showed a non-significant increase in RBC, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). Neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and NLR increased with disease severity. NLR negatively correlated with FEV1 (r=-0.350, p=0.034) and positively with pack-years (r=0.546, p<0.001) in smokers. NLR negatively correlated with eosinophils, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEV1 % predicted. In all COPD subjects (n=73), NLR negatively correlated with blood eosinophils (r=-0.184, p=0.12), BMI, and lung functions. Conclusion NLR is elevated in COPD subjects and can serve as a marker of inflammation and a predictor of the risk and severity of airflow limitation. NLR correlates both positively and negatively with pack-years and lung functions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imrana Masood
- Pulmonary Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IND
| | - Anwar H Siddiqui
- Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IND
| | - Mohd Amir
- Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IND
| | - Syed Hilal Hussain
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IND
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Lee JU, Chang HS, Shim JS, Kim MH, Cho YJ, Kim MK, Park SL, Lee SJ, Park JS, Park CS. Aspirin Challenge-Induced Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profile of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:132-140. [PMID: 38386995 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation and epigenetic factors are thought to contribute to the development of hypersensitivity to aspirin. DNA methylation fluctuates dynamically throughout the day. To discover new CpG methylation in lymphocytes associated with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), we evaluated changes in global CpG methylation profiles from before to after an oral aspirin challenge in patients with AERD and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA). Whole-genome CpG methylation levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were quantified with an Illumina 860K Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip array and then adjusted for inferred lymphocyte fraction (ILF) with GLINT and Tensor Composition Analysis. Among the 866,091 CpGs in the array, differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) were found in 6 CpGs in samples from all 12 patients with asthma included in the study (AERD, n = 6; ATA, n = 6). DMCs were found in 3 CpGs in the 6 ATA samples and in 615 CpGs in the 6 AERD samples. A total of 663 DMCs in 415 genes and 214 intergenic regions differed significantly in the AERD compared with the ATA. In promoters, 126 CpG loci were predicted to bind to 38 transcription factors (TFs), many of which were factors already known to be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and immune responses. In conclusion, we identified 615 new CpGs methylated in peripheral blood lymphocytes by oral aspirin challenge in AERD but not in ATA. These findings indicate that oral aspirin challenge induces epigenetic changes in ILFs, specifically in AERD patients, possibly via changes in TF binding, which may have epigenetic effects on the development of AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Uk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Department of Microbiology and BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji-Su Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joo Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchuhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Seung-Lee Park
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchuhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Sun Ju Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchuhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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Peng D, Bai W, Zhang C, Chang X, Ma P, Wang X, Sun S, Zhan L. X-ray irradiation effectively inactivated lymphocytes in transfusion in vivo monitored by the bioluminescence transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease model. Vox Sang 2024; 119:181-192. [PMID: 38226529 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Transfusion of cold-stored whole blood is the preferred resuscitation method for trauma patients but may cause transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD). Standard clinical practice to prevent this is to irradiate blood components with gamma-rays. X-ray irradiations are also a safe and effective alternative to gamma-ray irradiation. We established a visual mouse model of TA-GVHD to compare the viability and function of lymphocytes exposed to gamma- and x-ray irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A haploidentical transplantation mouse model was established to simulate TA-GVHD with Balb/c mice as donors and hybrid F1 CB6 mice (Balb/c × C57) as recipients. Spleen cells from Tg-Fluc+ Balb/c mice were isolated and irradiated with gamma-rays and x-rays. Lymphocyte activation, apoptosis and proliferation post phorbol 1 2-myristate 1 3-acetate (PMA) stimulation were evaluated. After transfusion, we monitored Fluc+ lymphocytes daily by bioluminescence imaging. Recipients were euthanized on day 21, and tissues were examined pathologically and for inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS The viability of gamma- or x-ray irradiated lymphocytes decreased significantly with slight changes in proliferation in vivo after transfusion. Compared with the non-irradiated group, both the gamma- and x-ray irradiated groups showed significantly decreased clinical scoring and inflammatory cytokine levels. The fluorescence intensity of the body and target organs was reduced after irradiation. CONCLUSION No recipients acquired TA-GVHD after lymphocyte transfusion subjected to gamma- or x-rays, showing that x-rays inactivate as well as gamma rays and are suitable for irradiating whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Peng
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Bai
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindai Chang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Zhan
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Marchi F, Pylypiv N, Parlanti A, Storti S, Gaggini M, Paradossi U, Berti S, Vassalle C. Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index as Predictors of Mortality in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1256. [PMID: 38592104 PMCID: PMC10931789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI; neutrophil count × monocyte/lymphocyte count), and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII; platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count) are recently proposed biomarkers to assess the immune and inflammatory status. However, data on SIRI and SII are still relatively lacking and do not definitively and exhaustively define their role as predictors of an adverse prognosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate SII and SIRI determinants as well as to assess SIRI and SII prognostic power in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). (2) Methods: A total of 105 STEMI patients (74 males, 70 ± 11 years) were studied (median follow-up 54 ± 25 months, 24 deaths). (3) Results: The main determinants of SIRI and SII were creatinine and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (multivariate regression). Patients with higher SIRI (>75th percentile, 4.9) and SII (>75th percentile, 1257.5) had lower survival rates than those in the low SIRI/SII group (Kaplan-Meier analysis). Univariate Cox regression revealed that high SIRI and SII were associated with mortality (HR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-5.8, p < 0.05; 2.2, 1-4.9, p ≤ 0.05, respectively); however, these associations lost their significance after multivariate adjustment. (4) Conclusions: SIRI and SII association with mortality was significantly affected by confounding factors in our population, especially creatinine and BNP, which are associated with both the inflammatory indices and the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marchi
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Nataliya Pylypiv
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Alessandra Parlanti
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Simona Storti
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Umberto Paradossi
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sergio Berti
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Ospedale G Pasquinucci, 54100 Massa, Italy; (F.M.); (A.P.); (S.S.); (U.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Ipavec N, Rogić Vidaković M, Markotić A, Pavelin S, Buljubašić Šoda M, Šoda J, Dolić K, Režić Mužinić N. Treated and Untreated Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Walkthrough Immunological Changes of Monocytes and T Regulatory Cells. Biomedicines 2024; 12:464. [PMID: 38398067 PMCID: PMC10887021 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate regulatory T cells (Tregs) and monocytes; specifically, the expression of CTLA-4 (CD152) and FOXP3+ in CD4+CD25+ Tregs and the expression of CD40+ and CD192+ monocyte subpopulations in subjects with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Immunological analysis was conducted on peripheral blood samples collected from the 28 PPMS subjects (15 treated with ocrelizumab and 13 untreated PPMS subjects) and 10 healthy control subjects (HCs). The blood samples were incubated with antihuman CD14, CD16, CD40, and CD192 antibodies for monocytes and antihuman CD4, CD25, FOXP3, and CTLA-4 antibodies for lymphocytes. The study results showed that in comparison to HCs both ocrelizumab treated (N = 15) and untreated (N = 13) PPMS subjects had significantly increased percentages of CTLA-4+ and FOXP3+ in CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Further, ocrelizumab treated PPMS subjects, compared to the untreated ones, had significantly decreased percentages of CD192+ and CD40+ nonclassical monocytes. Increased percentages of CTLA-4+ and FOXP3+ in CD4+CD25+ Tregs in both ocrelizumab treated and untreated PPMS subjects indicates the suppressive (inhibitory) role of Tregs in abnormal immune responses in PPMS subjects. Decreased percentages of CD40+, CD192+, and CD14+CD16++ monocytes for treated compared to untreated PPMS subjects suggests a possible role for ocrelizumab in dampening CNS inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ipavec
- Transfusion Medicine Division, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Maja Rogić Vidaković
- Laboratory for Human and Experimental Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Anita Markotić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Sanda Pavelin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Joško Šoda
- Signal Processing, Analysis, Advanced Diagnostics Research and Education Laboratory (SPAADREL), Department for Marine Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Dolić
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Režić Mužinić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Michels EHA, Appelman B, de Brabander J, van Amstel RBE, van Linge CCA, Chouchane O, Reijnders TDY, Schuurman AR, Sulzer TAL, Klarenbeek AM, Douma RA, Bos LDJ, Wiersinga WJ, Peters-Sengers H, van der Poll T. Host Response Changes and Their Association with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Lymphopenia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:402-416. [PMID: 37948687 PMCID: PMC10878379 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202305-0890oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Lymphopenia in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with increased mortality. Objectives: To explore the association between lymphopenia, host response aberrations, and mortality in patients with lymphopenic COVID-19. Methods: We determined 43 plasma biomarkers reflective of four pathophysiological domains: endothelial cell and coagulation activation, inflammation and organ damage, cytokine release, and chemokine release. We explored if decreased concentrations of lymphocyte-derived proteins in patients with lymphopenia were associated with an increase in mortality. We sought to identify host response phenotypes in patients with lymphopenia by cluster analysis of plasma biomarkers. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 439 general ward patients with COVID-19 were stratified by baseline lymphocyte counts: normal (>1.0 × 109/L; n = 167), mild lymphopenia (>0.5 to ⩽1.0 × 109/L; n = 194), and severe lymphopenia (⩽0.5 × 109/L; n = 78). Lymphopenia was associated with alterations in each host response domain. Lymphopenia was associated with increased mortality. Moreover, in patients with lymphopenia (n = 272), decreased concentrations of several lymphocyte-derived proteins (e.g., CCL5, IL-4, IL-13, IL-17A) were associated with an increase in mortality (at P < 0.01 or stronger significance levels). A cluster analysis revealed three host response phenotypes in patients with lymphopenia: "hyporesponsive" (23.2%), "hypercytokinemic" (36.4%), and "inflammatory-injurious" (40.4%), with substantially differing mortality rates of 9.5%, 5.1%, and 26.4%, respectively. A 10-biomarker model accurately predicted these host response phenotypes in an external cohort with similar mortality distribution. The inflammatory-injurious phenotype showed a remarkable combination of relatively high inflammation and organ damage markers with high antiinflammatory cytokine levels yet low proinflammatory cytokine levels. Conclusions: Lymphopenia in COVID-19 signifies a heterogenous group of patients with distinct host response features. Specific host responses contribute to lymphopenia-associated mortality in COVID-19, including reduced CCL5 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Renée A. Douma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Flevo Hospital, Almere, the Netherlands; and
| | | | - W. Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hessel Peters-Sengers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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37
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Wang S, Yang N, Zhang H. Metabolic dysregulation of lymphocytes in autoimmune diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00019-5. [PMID: 38355391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Lymphocytes are crucial for protective immunity against infection and cancers; however, immune dysregulation can lead to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Metabolic adaptation controls lymphocyte fate; thus, metabolic reprogramming can contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances on how metabolic reprogramming determines the autoreactive and proinflammatory nature of lymphocytes in SLE and RA, unraveling molecular mechanisms and providing therapeutic targets for human autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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38
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Pang J, Li Y, Tao R, Li J, Wang F, Xu H. Correlation Between B-Cell Activating Factor of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Family Level in Serum and Immune Inflammation in Patients with Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and its Clinical Value. Immunol Invest 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38329469 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2309567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a form of SLE associated with severe NP syndromes causing mortality and morbidity. Respecting the fundamental of BAFF in NPSLE pathophysiology, we investigated its clinical value. METHODS Totally 105 NPSLE and 101 SLE cases without NPSLE (non-NPSLE, control) were included. Serum BAFF/TNF-α/IL-6/IL-10 levels were measured using ELISA kits. T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. The independent influencing factors for NPSLE, and the auxiliary diagnostic efficacy and the ability of BAFF levels to predict adverse prognosis of NPSLE patients were analyzed by multiple factor logistic regression, and ROC curve and survival curve. RESULTS In NPSLE patients, serum BAFF level was increased and positively correlated with SLEDAI-2k, serum proinflammatory cytokines, while negatively correlated with CD4+T/CD8+T cells, and anti-inflammatory cytokine. High serum BAFF protein level was associated with a higher risk of developing NPSLE. The AUC of serum BAFF > 301.7 assisting in NPSLE diagnosis was 0.8196. Furthermore, high levels of serum BAFF were associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes in NPSLE patients. . CONCLUSION Serum BAFF level in NPSLE patients was correlated with lymphocytes and high serum BAFF protein level could assist in diagnosis and to predict adverse outcomes in NPSLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pang
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Huaheng Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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39
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Brüggemann A, Hailer NP. Concentrations of Cobalt, Chromium and Titanium and Immunological Changes after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty-A Cohort Study with an 18-Year Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2024; 13:951. [PMID: 38398263 PMCID: PMC10889704 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) generates elevated metal ion concentrations, but long-term changes in the concentrations of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr) and titanium (Ti) after primary TKA and potential subsequent immune system activation-not limited to the joint but systemically-are not known. Patients and Methods: We conducted a cohort study on 26 patients with TKA (19 women; 16 with metal-backed and 10 with all-polyethylene tibial components) 18.3 years (min. 16.7, max. 20.5) after index TKA. A total of 69% of patients additionally underwent subsequent arthroplasty of the contralateral knee or either hip after the index surgery. Blood samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and leukocytes were characterised by flow cytometry. Patients were clinically assessed using the Knee Society score and by plain radiography of the knee. Results: The median metal ion concentrations were 0.7 (0.1-13.0) µg/L for Co, 0.9 (0.4-5.0) µg/L for Cr, and 1.0 (0.2-13.0) µg/L for Ti. There was no relevant difference in systemic metal ion concentrations between patients exposed to single and multiple arthroplasties. The absolute count and proportion of CD3+CD4+CD8+ T cells was inversely correlated with both Co (rho -0.55, p = 0.003) and Cr concentrations (rho -0.59, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Between the first and second decades after primary TKA, in most patients, the concentrations of Co, Cr and Ti in blood samples were below the thresholds that are considered alarming. The negative correlation of Co and Cr concentrations with a subset of lymphocytes that commonly increases during immune activation is reassuring. This represents a worst-case scenario, underscoring that the investigated metal ions remain within reasonable ranges, even after additional hardware exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils P. Hailer
- Orthopaedics—Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
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40
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Abdalla HB, Puhl L, Rivas CA, Wu YC, Rojas P, Trindade-da-Silva CA, Hammock BD, Maddipati KR, Soares MQS, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Kantarci A, Napimoga MH, Van Dyke TE. Modulating the sEH/EETs Axis Restrains Specialized Proresolving Mediator Impairment and Regulates T Cell Imbalance in Experimental Periodontitis. J Immunol 2024; 212:433-445. [PMID: 38117781 PMCID: PMC10866374 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids are short-acting lipids involved in resolution of inflammation. Their short half-life, due to its metabolism by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), limits their effects. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are endogenous regulatory lipids insufficiently synthesized in uncontrolled and chronic inflammation. Using an experimental periodontitis model, we pharmacologically inhibited sEH, examining its impact on T cell activation and systemic SPM production. In humans, we analyzed sEH in the gingival tissue of periodontitis patients. Mice were treated with sEH inhibitor (sEHi) and/or EETs before ligature placement and treated for 14 d. Bone parameters were assessed by microcomputed tomography and methylene blue staining. Blood plasma metabololipidomics were carried out to quantify SPM levels. We also determined T cell activation by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and flow cytometry in cervical lymph nodes. Human gingival samples were collected to analyze sEH using ELISA and electrophoresis. Data reveal that pharmacological sEHi abrogated bone resorption and preserved bone architecture. Metabololipidomics revealed that sEHi enhances lipoxin A4, lipoxin B4, resolvin E2, and resolvin D6. An increased percentage of regulatory T cells over Th17 was noted in sEHi-treated mice. Lastly, inflamed human gingival tissues presented higher levels and expression of sEH than did healthy gingivae, being positively correlated with periodontitis severity. Our findings indicate that sEHi preserves bone architecture and stimulates SPM production, associated with regulatory actions on T cells favoring resolution of inflammation. Because sEH is enhanced in human gingivae from patients with periodontitis and connected with disease severity, inhibition may prove to be an attractive target for managing osteolytic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique B. Abdalla
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Puhl
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Alvarez Rivas
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Chiao Wu
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paola Rojas
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Thomas E. Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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du Halgouet A, Bruder K, Peltokangas N, Darbois A, Obwegs D, Salou M, Thimme R, Hofmann M, Lantz O, Sagar. Multimodal profiling reveals site-specific adaptation and tissue residency hallmarks of γδ T cells across organs in mice. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:343-356. [PMID: 38177282 PMCID: PMC10834366 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
γδ T cells perform heterogeneous functions in homeostasis and disease across tissues. However, it is unclear whether these roles correspond to distinct γδ subsets or to a homogeneous population of cells exerting context-dependent functions. Here, by cross-organ multimodal single-cell profiling, we reveal that various mouse tissues harbor unique site-adapted γδ subsets. Epidermal and intestinal intraepithelial γδ T cells are transcriptionally homogeneous and exhibit epigenetic hallmarks of functional diversity. Through parabiosis experiments, we uncovered cellular states associated with cytotoxicity, innate-like rapid interferon-γ production and tissue repair functions displaying tissue residency hallmarks. Notably, our observations add nuance to the link between interleukin-17-producing γδ T cells and tissue residency. Moreover, transcriptional programs associated with tissue-resident γδ T cells are analogous to those of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells. Altogether, this study provides a multimodal landscape of tissue-adapted γδ T cells, revealing heterogeneity, lineage relationships and their tissue residency program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia du Halgouet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kerstin Bruder
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Peltokangas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aurélie Darbois
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - David Obwegs
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marion Salou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428) Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sagar
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Bobtina N, Alhawamdeh M, Habas K, Isreb M, Aburas B, Harris AT, Najafzadeh M, Anderson D. Genoprotective role of pembrolizumab liposome in isolated lymphocytes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients compared to those from healthy individuals in vitro. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:55-68. [PMID: 38449434 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2314464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Pembrolizumab has shown significant anticancer effects against various human cancers. The present study investigated the effects of pembrolizumab liposome and nano (naked) forms in treated lymphocytes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients compared to healthy individuals. The level of oxidative DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was also investigated. A concentration of 10 µg/ml of pembrolizumab liposome was used to treat the lymphocytes in the Comet and micronucleus assays based on the preliminary dosage optimization tests. To determine the cellular pathways involved in the protective role of pembrolizumab against H2O2, several proteins involved in apoptosis (P53, P21 and Bcl-2) were assessed. Pembrolizumab significantly reduced DNA damage and decreased the number of micronuclei in lymphocytes from HNSCC patients (p < 0.01) compared with healthy individuals. The 10 µg/ml of pembrolizumab liposome significantly reduced the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and was effective in healthy and HNSCC groups using the Comet and micronucleus assays (p < 0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first report of pembrolizumab in liposome and naked forms exhibiting a protective effect on DNA damage in the treatment of HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagah Bobtina
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Maysa Alhawamdeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied medical Sciences, Mutah University, Alkarak, Jordan
| | - Khaled Habas
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Mohamed Isreb
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Bayan Aburas
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Andrew T Harris
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Mojgan Najafzadeh
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Diana Anderson
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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Kim JK, Sun KH. Role of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio at the time of arrival to the emergency room as a predictor of short-term mortality in trauma patients with severe trauma team activation. Acute Crit Care 2024; 39:146-154. [PMID: 38476067 PMCID: PMC11002612 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2023.01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been studied as a prognostic factor for various diseases and traumas. This study examined the utility of PLR as a tool for predicting 30-day mortality in patients experiencing severe trauma. METHODS This study included 139 patients who experienced trauma and fulfilled ≥1 criteria for activation of the hospital's severe trauma team. Patients were divided into non-survivor and survivor groups. Mean PLR values were compared between the groups, the optimal PLR cut-off value was determined, and mortality and survival analyses were performed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 26.0. The threshold of statistical significance was P<0.05. RESULTS There was a significant difference in mean (±standard deviation) PLR between the non-survivor (n=36) and survivor (n=103) groups (53.4±30.1 vs. 89.9±53.3, respectively; P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an optimal PLR cut-off of 65.35 (sensitivity, 0.621; specificity, 0.694, respectively; area under the ROC curve, 0.742), and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS PLR can be calculated quickly and easily from a routine complete blood count, which is often performed in the emergency department for individuals who experience trauma. The PLR is useful for predicting 30-day mortality in trauma patients with severe trauma team activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
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Arabayarmohammadi S, Yuan C, Viswanathan VS, Lal P, Feldman MD, Fu P, Margulies KB, Madabhushi A, Peyster EG. Failing to Make the Grade: Conventional Cardiac Allograft Rejection Grading Criteria Are Inadequate for Predicting Rejection Severity. Circ Heart Fail 2024; 17:e010950. [PMID: 38348670 PMCID: PMC10940208 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.123.010950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac allograft rejection is the leading cause of early graft failure and is a major focus of postheart transplant patient care. While histological grading of endomyocardial biopsy samples remains the diagnostic standard for acute rejection, this standard has limited diagnostic accuracy. Discordance between biopsy rejection grade and patient clinical trajectory frequently leads to both overtreatment of indolent processes and delayed treatment of aggressive ones, spurring the need to investigate the adequacy of the current histological criteria for assessing clinically important rejection outcomes. METHODS N=2900 endomyocardial biopsy images were assigned a rejection grade label (high versus low grade) and a clinical trajectory label (evident versus silent rejection). Using an image analysis approach, n=370 quantitative morphology features describing the lymphocytes and stroma were extracted from each slide. Two models were constructed to compare the subset of features associated with rejection grades versus those associated with clinical trajectories. A proof-of-principle machine learning pipeline-the cardiac allograft rejection evaluator-was then developed to test the feasibility of identifying the clinical severity of a rejection event. RESULTS The histopathologic findings associated with conventional rejection grades differ substantially from those associated with clinically evident allograft injury. Quantitative assessment of a small set of well-defined morphological features can be leveraged to more accurately reflect the severity of rejection compared with that achieved by the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation grades. CONCLUSIONS Conventional endomyocardial samples contain morphological information that enables accurate identification of clinically evident rejection events, and this information is incompletely captured by the current, guideline-endorsed, rejection grading criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arabayarmohammadi
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Cai Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Vidya Sankar Viswanathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Priti Lal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael D. Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center
| | - Eliot G. Peyster
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Koike S, Shiina T, Takasuna K, Kato A, Atagi T, Nakamura T. A very rare case of spontaneous regression of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:500-502. [PMID: 38217382 PMCID: PMC10883853 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous regression of non-small cell lung cancer is relatively rare. Here, we present a very rare case of spontaneous regression of lung cancer which occurred in a patient with basaloid squamous cell lung cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case. A 76-year old man was referred to our hospital with nodules in the right upper lobe determined by chest computed tomography. The nodules spontaneously regressed during follow-up. Two years later, the tumor had regrown and the patient subsequently underwent surgery. The pathological findings showed basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Stimulation of the immune system was considered to be the cause of the spontaneous regression and CD-8 positive and CD-4 positive lymphocytes might play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Koike
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryIna Central HospitalNaganoJapan
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of SurgeryShinshu University School of MedicineNaganoJapan
| | - Takayuki Shiina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryIna Central HospitalNaganoJapan
| | | | - Akane Kato
- Department of RespirologyIna Central HospitalNaganoJapan
| | - Takuma Atagi
- Department of RespirologyIna Central HospitalNaganoJapan
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Miglierina E, Ordanoska D, Le Noir S, Laffleur B. RNA processing mechanisms contribute to genome organization and stability in B cells. Oncogene 2024; 43:615-623. [PMID: 38287115 PMCID: PMC10890934 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
RNA processing includes post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling RNA quality and quantity to ensure cellular homeostasis. Noncoding (nc) RNAs that are regulated by these dynamic processes may themselves fulfill effector and/or regulatory functions, and recent studies demonstrated the critical role of RNAs in organizing both chromatin and genome architectures. Furthermore, RNAs can threaten genome integrity when accumulating as DNA:RNA hybrids, but could also facilitate DNA repair depending on the molecular context. Therefore, by qualitatively and quantitatively fine-tuning RNAs, RNA processing contributes directly or indirectly to chromatin states, genome organization, and genome stability. B lymphocytes represent a unique model to study these interconnected mechanisms as they express ncRNAs transcribed from key specific sequences before undergoing physiological genetic remodeling processes, including V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation, and class switch recombination. RNA processing actors ensure the regulation and degradation of these ncRNAs for efficient DNA repair and immunoglobulin gene remodeling while failure leads to B cell development alterations, aberrant DNA repair, and pathological translocations. This review highlights how RNA processing mechanisms contribute to genome architecture and stability, with emphasis on their critical roles during B cell development, enabling physiological DNA remodeling while preventing lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Miglierina
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EFS Bretagne, CHU Rennes, UMR, 1236, Rennes, France
| | - Delfina Ordanoska
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EFS Bretagne, CHU Rennes, UMR, 1236, Rennes, France
| | - Sandrine Le Noir
- UMR CNRS 7276, Inserm 1262, Université de Limoges: Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations, Team 2, B-NATION: B cell Nuclear Architecture, Immunoglobulin genes and Oncogenes, Limoges, France
| | - Brice Laffleur
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EFS Bretagne, CHU Rennes, UMR, 1236, Rennes, France.
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Pérez-Pons A, Teodosio C, Jara-Acevedo M, Henriques A, Navarro-Navarro P, García-Montero AC, Álvarez-Twose I, Lecrevisse Q, Fluxa R, Sánchez-Muñoz L, Caldas C, Pozo J, Martín S, Sanfeliciano TC, Pedreira CE, Botafogo V, González-López O, Mayado A, Orfao A. T-cell immune profile in blood of systemic mastocytosis: Association with disease features. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38299742 DOI: 10.1111/all.16043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by an expansion of KIT-mutated mast cells (MC). KIT-mutated MC display activated features and release MC mediators that might act on the tumour microenvironment and other immune cells. Here, we investigated the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in blood of patients with distinct subtypes of SM and determined its association with other disease features. METHODS We studied the distribution of TCD4+ and TCD4- cytotoxic cells and their subsets, as well as total NK- and B cells, in blood of 115 SM patients-38 bone marrow mastocytosis (BMM), 67 indolent SM (ISM), 10 aggressive SM (ASM)- and 83 age-matched healthy donors (HD), using spectral flow cytometry and the EuroFlow Immunomonitoring panel, and correlated it with multilineage KITD816V , the alpha-tryptasemia genotype (HαT) and the clinical manifestations of the disease. RESULTS SM patients showed decreased counts (vs. HD) of TCD4- cytotoxic cells, NK cells and several functional subsets of TCD4+ cells (total Th1, Th2-effector memory, Th22-terminal effector and Th1-like Tregs), together with increased T-follicular-helper and Th1/Th17-like Treg counts, associated with different immune profiles per diagnostic subtype of SM, in multilineal versus MC-restricted KITD816V and in cases with a HαT+ versus HαT- genotype. Unique immune profiles were found among BMM and ISM patients with MC-restricted KITD816V who displayed HαT, anaphylaxis, hymenoptera venom allergy, bone disease, pruritus, flushing and GI symptoms. CONCLUSION Our results reveal altered T- and NK-cell immune profiles in blood of SM, which vary per disease subtype, the pattern of involvement of haematopoiesis by KITD816V , the HαT genotype and specific clinical manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pérez-Pons
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Jara-Acevedo
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
- Sequencing Service (NUCLEUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Henriques
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Virgen del Valle Hospital, CIBERONC, Toledo, Madrid, Spain
- Cytognos SL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Navarro-Navarro
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
- Sequencing Service (NUCLEUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrés C García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Iván Álvarez-Twose
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Virgen del Valle Hospital, CIBERONC, Toledo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Quentin Lecrevisse
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Laura Sánchez-Muñoz
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Virgen del Valle Hospital, CIBERONC, Toledo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Caldas
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Julio Pozo
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Silvia Martín
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Carlos E Pedreira
- Systems and Computing Department (PESC), COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vitor Botafogo
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Oscar González-López
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Mayado
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Cancer Research Center (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00400), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA), Toledo, Salamanca, Spain
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Soares JP, Cardoso R, Almeida V, Pereira AF, Silva AM, Mota MP. The Impact of 8 Weeks of Combined Physical Exercise Training on SIRT3 and mTOR in Lymphocytes, and on Lipid Peroxidation. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:350. [PMID: 38338233 PMCID: PMC10855888 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The sirtuins (SIRT) protein family and the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are intracellular molecules that have been involved in the regulation of several biological processes, as well as in various aging-related processes. This pilot study, in small scale, aimed to analyze the effects of an 8-week physical exercise program on SIRT3 and mTOR levels in lymphocytes, as well as on lipid peroxidation in middle aged and older men. A total of 9 participants aged between 56 and 73 years were enrolled in an 8-week physical exercise program comprising cardiovascular and high-intensity interval training. The program involved three sessions per week, each lasting 45-60 min, conducted on non-consecutive days. Tests were conducted before and after the experimental period (pre- and post-training). Assessments included a vertical jump, 20 m velocity, ball throwing, and an aerobic capacity test. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) was measured in plasma as an oxidative stress biomarker. Additionally, sirtuin 3 (SIRT3/β-actin) and mTOR (mTOR/β-actin) levels were measured in isolated lymphocytes extracted from venous blood. Following the exercise training period, our results demonstrated a significant improvement in aerobic capacity (pre-training: 615.4 ± 45.3 m; post-training: 687.2 ± 34.6 m; t = -2.521; p = 0.012) and 20 m velocity (pre-training: 4.6 ± 0.5 s; post-training: 4.3 ± 0.3 s; t = -2.023; p = 0.04). Concerning blood variables, there was a significant decrease in mTOR levels (pre-training: 0.857 ± 0.593; post-training: 0.214 ± 0.097; t = -2.547; p = 0.011), while no changes were observed in SIRT3 (pre-training: 0.608 ± 0.404; post-training: 0.516 ± 0.390; t = 0.533; p = 0.594) and MDA (pre-training: 8420 ± 4615; post-training: 8800 ± 3163; t = -0.533; p = 0.594). The notable reduction in mTOR levels in lymphocytes following the 8-week physical exercise program suggests a potential role of exercise in modulating immune cell dynamics, particularly in middle-aged and older individuals. Furthermore, the exercise regimen resulted in improvements in physical function, including enhanced aerobic capacity and walking velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pinto Soares
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Sport of Science Exercise and Health, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Cardoso
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Vanessa Almeida
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.C.); (V.A.)
| | | | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.C.); (V.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula Mota
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Sport of Science Exercise and Health, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Chow L, Wheat W, Ramirez D, Impastato R, Dow S. Direct comparison of canine and human immune responses using transcriptomic and functional analyses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2207. [PMID: 38272935 PMCID: PMC10811214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50340-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The canine spontaneous cancer model is increasingly utilized to evaluate new combined cancer immunotherapy approaches. While the major leukocyte subsets and phenotypes are closely related in dogs and humans, the functionality of T cells and antigen presenting cells in the two species has not been previously compared in detail. Such information would be important in interpreting immune response data and evaluating the potential toxicities of new cancer immunotherapies in dogs. To address this question, we used in vitro assays to compare the transcriptomic, cytokine, and proliferative responses of activated canine and human T cells, and also compared responses in activated macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis following T cell activation revealed shared expression of 515 significantly upregulated genes and 360 significantly downregulated immune genes. Pathway analysis identified 33 immune pathways shared between canine and human activated T cells, along with 34 immune pathways that were unique to each species. Activated human T cells exhibited a marked Th1 bias, whereas canine T cells were transcriptionally less active overall. Despite similar proliferative responses to activation, canine T cells produced significantly less IFN-γ than human T cells. Moreover, canine macrophages were significantly more responsive to activation by IFN-γ than human macrophages, as reflected by co-stimulatory molecule expression and TNF-α production. Thus, these studies revealed overall broad similarity in responses to immune activation between dogs and humans, but also uncovered important key quantitative and qualitative differences, particularly with respect to T cell responses, that should be considered in designing and evaluating cancer immunotherapy studies in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndah Chow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - William Wheat
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Dominique Ramirez
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Renata Impastato
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven Dow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1678, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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50
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Piticchio T, Savarino F, Volpe S, Prinzi A, Costanzo G, Gamarra E, Frasca F, Trimboli P. Inflammatory Profile Assessment in a Highly Selected Athyreotic Population Undergoing Controlled and Standardized Hypothyroidism. Biomedicines 2024; 12:239. [PMID: 38275410 PMCID: PMC10813236 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism (hT) presents heterogeneous symptoms and findings. Evidence on this topic comes mainly from heterogeneous populations in terms of disease duration, residual thyroid function, and comorbidities. Therefore, it would be useful to assess systemic inflammation in a homogeneous hT population. The aim of this study was to investigate inflammation in a population that underwent standardized controlled hT. Methods: We recruited thyroidectomized patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer who were otherwise fit and healthy, showing hypothyroidism before I131 treatment using a standard protocol of LT4 withdrawal. The blood inflammatory indexes (BIIXs) (i.e., NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI, and AISI) were calculated using the blood tests collected just before I131 administration. Patients were divided according to sex, BMI, and thyroglobulin. The relationships between the BIIXs, age, and thyroid hormones were also investigated. Results: We included 143 patients. The median age of the sample was 43 years. The BIIX median values showed significant differences based on sex, BMI, and thyroglobulin levels (p < 0.05). No significant correlations were found between the BIIXs and age, TSH, FT4, and FT3. Conclusions: This study shows the BIIX median values of a population which underwent standardized hT. It suggests a role for some BIIXs in the evaluation of hypothyroidism in obese people and as hypothetical prognostic markers for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Piticchio
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
- Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (E.G.); (P.T.)
| | - Francesco Savarino
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Salvatore Volpe
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonio Prinzi
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Gabriele Costanzo
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Elena Gamarra
- Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (E.G.); (P.T.)
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.V.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Pierpaolo Trimboli
- Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (E.G.); (P.T.)
- Facoltà di Scienze Biomediche, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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