1
|
Kansal V, Kinney BL, Schmitt NC. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment in the mouse oral cancer (MOC1) model after orthotopic implantation in the buccal mucosa. Head Neck 2024; 46:1056-1062. [PMID: 38445546 PMCID: PMC11003840 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical models are invaluable for studies of head and neck cancer. There is growing interest in the use of orthotopic syngeneic models, wherein cell lines are injected into the oral cavity of immunocompetent mice. In this brief report, we describe injection of mouse oral cancer 1 (MOC1) cells into the buccal mucosa and illustrate the tumor growth pattern, lymph node response, and changes in the tumor immune microenvironment over time. METHODS MOC1 cells were injected into the buccal mucosa of C57BL6 mice. Animals were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21, or 27 days. Tumors and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS All mice developed tumors by day 7 and required euthanasia for tumor burden and/or weight loss by day 27. Lymph node mapping showed that these tumors reliably drain to a submandibular lymph node. The proportion of intratumoral CD8+ T cells decreased over time, while neutrophilic myeloid cells increased dramatically. Growth of orthotopic MOC2 and MOC22 also showed similar growth patterns versus published data in flank tumors. CONCLUSIONS When used orthotopically in the buccal mucosa, the MOC1 model induces a robust lymph node response and distinct pattern of immune cell infiltration, with peak immune infiltration by day 14.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kansal
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Brendan L.C. Kinney
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Nicole C. Schmitt
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo W, Hoang H, Liao Y, Pan J, Ayello J, Cairo MS. A humanized orthotopic mouse model for preclinical evaluation of immunotherapy in Ewing sarcoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277987. [PMID: 37868989 PMCID: PMC10587429 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of novel cancer immunotherapy approaches is revolutionizing the treatment for cancer. Current small animal models for most cancers are syngeneic or genetically engineered mouse models or xenograft models based on immunodeficient mouse strains. These models have been limited in evaluating immunotherapy regimens due to the lack of functional human immune system. Development of animal models for bone cancer faces another challenge in the accessibility of tumor engraftment sites. Here, we describe a protocol to develop an orthotopic humanized mouse model for a bone and soft tissue sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, by transplanting fresh human cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells into young NSG-SGM3 mice combined with subsequent Ewing sarcoma patient derived cell engraftment in the tibia of the humanized mice. We demonstrated early and robust reconstitution of human CD45+ leukocytes including T cells, B cells, natural killer cells and monocytes. Ewing sarcoma xenograft tumors successfully orthotopically engrafted in the humanized mice with minimal invasive procedures. We validated the translational utility of this orthotopic humanized model by evaluating the safety and efficacy of an immunotherapy antibody, magrolimab. Treatment with magrolimab induces CD47 blockade resulting in significantly decreased primary tumor growth, decreased lung metastasis and prolonged animal survival in the established humanized model. Furthermore, the humanized model recapitulated the dose dependent toxicity associated with the CD47 blockade as observed in patients in clinical trials. In conclusion, this orthotopic humanized mouse model of Ewing sarcoma represents an improved platform for evaluating immunotherapy in bone and soft tissue sarcoma, such as Ewing sarcoma. With careful design and optimization, this model is generalizable for other bone malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Hai Hoang
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yanling Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Janet Ayello
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell S. Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou K, Jiang Y, Feng S, Mo W, Nie J, Cao J, Jiao Y. Establishment of image-guided radiotherapy of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:419-426. [PMID: 37365733 PMCID: PMC10614124 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. Recently, developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC. Therefore, a suitable animal model for radiotherapy of the orthotopic HCC mouse model is urgently needed. METHODS In the present study, Hepa1-6 cells were injected into the liver of C57BL/6 mice in situ to mimic the pathological characteristics of the original HCC. Tumor formation was monitored by applying magnetic resonance imaging techniques and verified by H&E histopathological staining, AFP staining, and Ki67 staining. A single dose of 10 Gy X-ray was applied to simulate clinical radiotherapy plans using image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) equipment. The efficiency of radiotherapy was then assessed by examining tumor size and weight one week after radiation. Cleaved-caspase3 staining and TUNEL were used to assess apoptosis in tumor tissues. RESULTS Intrahepatic tumor development was detected in the liver according using MRI. A high-density shadow could be seen 10 days after cell injection, which indicated the formation of HCC in vivo. The tumors grew steadily bigger, and underwent precision radiotherapy 20 days after injection. The typical pathological characteristics of HCC, such as large, deeply stained nuclei and irregular cell size, were visible with H&E staining. After radiotherapy, significantly higher expression of the immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and AFP were detected in tumor tissue than in the nearby normal tissue. Compared with the control group, the tumor volume (p = 0.05) and weight (p < 0.05) of the irradiated group were significantly reduced. In addition, a higher frequency of apoptosis was identified in irradiated HCC tumor tissue using the TUNEL and cleaved-caspase3 staining assay. CONCLUSIONS In a well-established orthotopic HCC model, MRI was utilized to monitor the formation of tumors, and IGRT was used to simulate clinical radiotherapy. The present study could provide a suitable preclinical system for HCC radiotherapy-related studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiao Zhou
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yabo Jiang
- The Six Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalNavy Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuang Feng
- Department of RadiotherapyEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Mo
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jing Nie
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Hu X, Xie Y, Xie L, Chen X, Peng M, Li D, Deng J, Xiao D, Yang X. Metformin-Loaded Chitosan Hydrogels Suppress Bladder Tumor Growth in an Orthotopic Mouse Model via Intravesical Administration. Molecules 2023; 28:6720. [PMID: 37764495 PMCID: PMC10534355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that the intravesical perfusion of metformin has excellent inhibitory effects against bladder cancer (BC). However, this administration route allows the drug to be diluted and excreted in urine. Therefore, increasing the adhesion of metformin to the bladder mucosal layer may prolong the retention time and increase the pharmacological activity. It is well known that chitosan (Cs) has a strong adhesion to the bladder mucosal layer. Thus, this study established a novel formulation of metformin to enhance its antitumor activity by extending its retention time. In this research, we prepared Cs freeze-dried powder and investigated the effect of metformin-loaded chitosan hydrogels (MLCH) in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that MLCH had a strong inhibitory effect against proliferation and colony formation in vitro. The reduction in BC weight and the expression of tumor biomarkers in orthotopic mice showed the robust antitumor activity of MLCH via intravesical administration in vivo. The non-toxic profile of MLCH was observed as well, using histological examinations. Mechanistically, MLCH showed stronger functional activation of the AMPKα/mTOR signaling pathway compared with metformin alone. These findings aim to make this novel formulation an efficient candidate for managing BC via intravesical administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Yijun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Lejing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Xiangyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Mei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Duo Li
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Di Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (X.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (M.P.); (D.L.); (J.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gan W, He YM, Hu FL, Xu B, Liu YK, Wang AJ, He YQ, Zou GW. Establishment of an orthotopic model of lung cancer by transthoracic lung puncture using tumor fragments. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:2012-2021. [PMID: 37197556 PMCID: PMC10183487 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Orthotopic models of lung cancer have been widely utilized, and the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the viability of our proposed modified modeling approach. Methods A total of 50 female BALB/c mice were implanted with 1×1×1 mm fragments of a tumor sample into the left lung lobe. After 2 months of observation, the mice were humanely euthanized through CO2 inhalation. The macroscopic specimens were photographed, and the most representative neoplastic lesions were collected for histological analysis. Small-animal positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans were conducted on 6 randomly selected mice. Results Local tumor formation, ipsilateral thoracic tissue infiltration, the contralateral chest wall, right lung metastases, and distant kidney metastases were observed in these models. Overall, the tumor development and metastasis rates were 60.86% (28/46) and 57.14% (16/28), respectively. The 3 mice that had a small-animal PET/CT scan developed a local tumor, but no distant metastases were observed. Conclusions This modified method was deemed reliable, reproducible, minimally invasive, straightforward, and comprehensible; it might serve as the foundation for developing patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Ming He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang-Ling Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun-Kun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - An-Ji Wang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan-Qiao He
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Nanchang Royo Biotech Ltd., Nanchang, China
| | - Guo-Wen Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sisler DJ, Hinz TK, Le AT, Kleczko EK, Nemenoff RA, Heasley LE. Evaluation of KRAS G12C inhibitor responses in novel murine KRAS G12C lung cancer cell line models. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1094123. [PMID: 36845684 PMCID: PMC9945252 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1094123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The KRAS(G12C) mutation is the most common genetic mutation in North American lung adenocarcinoma patients. Recently, direct inhibitors of the KRASG12C protein have been developed and demonstrate clinical response rates of 37-43%. Importantly, these agents fail to generate durable therapeutic responses with median progression-free survival of ~6.5 months. Methods To provide models for further preclinical improvement of these inhibitors, we generated three novel murine KRASG12C-driven lung cancer cell lines. The co-occurring NRASQ61L mutation in KRASG12C-positive LLC cells was deleted and the KRASG12V allele in CMT167 cells was edited to KRASG12C with CRISPR/Cas9 methods. Also, a novel murine KRASG12C line, mKRC.1, was established from a tumor generated in a genetically-engineered mouse model. Results The three lines exhibit similar in vitro sensitivities to KRASG12C inhibitors (MRTX-1257, MRTX-849, AMG-510), but distinct in vivo responses to MRTX-849 ranging from progressive growth with orthotopic LLC-NRAS KO tumors to modest shrinkage with mKRC.1 tumors. All three cell lines exhibited synergistic in vitro growth inhibition with combinations of MRTX-1257 and the SHP2/PTPN11 inhibitor, RMC-4550. Moreover, treatment with a MRTX-849/RMC-4550 combination yielded transient tumor shrinkage in orthotopic LLC-NRAS KO tumors propagated in syngeneic mice and durable shrinkage of mKRC.1 tumors. Notably, single-agent MRTX-849 activity in mKRC.1 tumors and the combination response in LLC-NRAS KO tumors was lost when the experiments were performed in athymic nu/nu mice, supporting a growing literature demonstrating a role for adaptive immunity in the response to this class of drugs. Discussion These new models of murine KRASG12C mutant lung cancer should prove valuable for identifying improved therapeutic combination strategies with KRASG12C inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Sisler
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States,Eastern Colorado VA Healthcare System, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Trista K. Hinz
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States,Eastern Colorado VA Healthcare System, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Anh T. Le
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Emily K. Kleczko
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Raphael A. Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Lynn E. Heasley
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States,Eastern Colorado VA Healthcare System, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Lynn E. Heasley,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bitaraf M, Muhammadnejad S, Azimzadeh A, Tanourlouee SB, Amini E, Zolbin MM, Kajbafzadeh A. Evaluation of direct intramural injection to the bladder wall as a method for developing orthotopic tumor models. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:575-581. [PMID: 36451547 PMCID: PMC9773300 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer poses a great burden on society and its high rate of recurrence and treatment failure necessitates use of appropriate animal models to study its pathogenesis and test novel treatments. Orthotopic models are superior to other types since they provide a normal microenvironment. Four methods are described for developing bladder cancer models inside the animal's bladder. Direct intramural injection is one of these methods and is widely used. However, its efficacy in model development has not yet been studied. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and success rate of the direct intramural injection method of developing an orthotopic model for the study of bladder cancer. METHOD Tumor cell lines were prepared in four microtubes. Aliquots of 200 × 103 cells were injected through a 27 gauge needle into the ventral wall of the bladders of 4 male and 4 female BALB/c mice following a midline 1 cm laparotomy incision. In addition, 1 million cells from each microtube were injected into the flanks of control mice. To prevent infection and alleviate pain, 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin and 2.5 mg/kg flunixin meglumine, respectively, were injected subcutaneously. RESULTS Tumors formed in all mice, resulting in 100% take rate and zero post-operation mortality. Surgery time was ≤15 min per mouse. In two mice, tumors were found in the peritoneal space as well. CONCLUSION Direct intramural injection is a rapid, reliable, and reproducible method for developing orthotopic models of bladder cancer. It can be done on both male and female mice and only requires readily available surgical tools. However, needle track can result in cell spillage and peritoneal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Bitaraf
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Samad Muhammadnejad
- Gene Therapy Research CenterDigestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ashkan Azimzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saman Behboodi Tanourlouee
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Erfan Amini
- Uro‐oncology Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Abdol‐Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mishchenko TA, Balalaeva IV, Klimenko MO, Brilkina AA, Peskova NN, Guryev EL, Krysko DV, Vedunova MV. Far-Red Fluorescent Murine Glioma Model for Accurate Assessment of Brain Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3822. [PMID: 35954485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common brain tumor, for which no significant improvement in life expectancy and quality of life is yet possible. The creation of stable fluorescent glioma cell lines is a promising tool for in-depth studies of the molecular mechanisms of glioma initialization and pathogenesis, as well as for the development of new anti-cancer strategies. Herein, a new fluorescent glioma GL261-kat cell line stably expressing a far-red fluorescent protein (TurboFP635; Katushka) was generated and characterized, and then validated in a mouse orthotopic glioma model. By using epi-fluorescence imaging, we detect the fluorescent glioma GL261-kat cells in mice starting from day 14 after the inoculation of glioma cells, and the fluorescence signal intensity increases as the glioma progresses. Tumor growth is confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and histology. A gradual development of neurological deficit and behavioral alterations in mice is observed during glioma progression. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the significance and feasibility of using the novel glioma GL261-kat cell line as a model of glioma biology, which can be used to study the initialization of glioma and monitor its growth by lifetime non-invasive tracking of glioma cells, with the prospect of monitoring the response to anti-cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Grant CN, Wills CA, Liu X, Spiegelman VS, Wang HG. Thoracic Neuroblastoma: A Novel Surgical Model for the Study of Extra-adrenal Neuroblastoma. In Vivo 2022; 36:49-56. [PMID: 34972699 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Neuroblastoma is clinically and molecularly heterogeneous, with poor outcomes despite multimodal treatment strategies. The primary tumor site is an independent predictor of survival; adrenal tumors have the worst outcomes, while posterior mediastinum tumors carry a more favorable prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS To elucidate the role of the primary tumor microenvironment in mediating survival outcomes, we developed a mouse model for the study of extra-adrenal neuroblastoma by injecting luciferase-tagged cells into either the subpleural space of the posterior chest or the adrenal gland. RESULTS Solid tumors developed in the thoracic cavity at the same rate and efficiency as the adrenal as early as one week post-surgery. The survival rate following surgery was equivalent, though the physiological tolerance for large tumors was lower in the thoracic group. CONCLUSION This novel mouse model of survivable extra-adrenal neuroblastoma will enable future investigations of the distinct tumor microenvironments between the adrenal gland and posterior mediastinum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christa N Grant
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, U.S.A.;
| | - Carson A Wills
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, U.S.A
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, U.S.A
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, U.S.A
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chang I, Ohn T, Moon D, Maeng YH, Jang BG, Yoon SP. SNU-333 Cells as an Appropriate Cell Line for the Orthotopic Renal Cell Carcinoma Model. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211038487. [PMID: 34490820 PMCID: PMC8427911 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211038487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate a feasible candidate for an appropriate cell line for the orthotopic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) model. Methods: Normal human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and RCC cells were used for MTT assay, Western blotting, sphere-forming assay, and orthotopic injection of BALB/c-nude mice. Immunohistochemistry was adopted in tissue arrays and orthotopic tumors. Results: Primary RCC cells showed resistance to a GPX4 inhibitor compared to HK-2 and to metastatic RCC cells, Caki-1. Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells showed resistance to ferroptosis via increased GPX4 and FTH1, respectively. RCC cells showed increased αSMA, in which Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells exhibited different epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell markers. Caki-1 and SNU-333 cells formed spheres in vitro and orthotopic tumor masses in vivo. The injected SNU-333 tumor only showed high intensities of CD10 and PAX8, markers of renal origin. Conclusion: SNU-333 cell line exhibited resistance via iron metabolism and stemness, and had tumor-initiating capacities in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that among the cells tested, SNU-333 cells were the most promising for the establishment of an orthotopic RCC model for further researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inyoub Chang
- College of Medicine, 89481Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Takbum Ohn
- College of Medicine, 89481Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeun Moon
- College of Medicine, 89481Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Bo Gun Jang
- 34926Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Pil Yoon
- 34926Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Izumiya M, Kato S, Hippo Y. Recent Advances in Implantation-Based Genetic Modeling of Biliary Carcinogenesis in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2292. [PMID: 34064809 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is often refractory to conventional therapeutics and is difficult to diagnose in the early stages. In addition, the pathogenesis of BTC is not fully understood, despite recent advances in cancer genome analysis. To address these issues, the development of fine disease models is critical for BTC. Although still limited in number, there are various platforms for genetic models of BTC owing to newly emerging technology. Among these, implantation-based models have recently drawn attention for their convenience, flexibility, and scalability. To highlight the relevance of this approach, we comprehensively summarize the advantages and disadvantages of BTC models developed using diverse approaches. Currently available research data on intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma are presented in this review. This information will likely help in selecting the optimal models for various applications and develop novel innovative models based on these technologies. Abstract Epithelial cells in the biliary system can develop refractory types of cancers, which are often associated with inflammation caused by viruses, parasites, stones, and chemicals. Genomic studies have revealed recurrent genetic changes and deregulated signaling pathways in biliary tract cancer (BTC). The causal roles have been at least partly clarified using various genetically engineered mice. Technical advances in Cre-LoxP technology, together with hydrodynamic tail injection, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, in vivo electroporation, and organoid culture have enabled more precise modeling of BTC. Organoid-based genetic modeling, combined with implantation in mice, has recently drawn attention as a means to accelerate the development of BTC models. Although each model may not perfectly mimic the disease, they can complement one another, or two different approaches can be integrated to establish a novel model. In addition, a comparison of the outcomes among these models with the same genotype provides mechanistic insights into the interplay between genetic alterations and the microenvironment in the pathogenesis of BTCs. Here, we review the current status of genetic models of BTCs in mice to provide information that facilitates the wise selection of models and to inform the future development of ideal disease models.
Collapse
|
12
|
La Cava F, Fringuello Mingo A, Colombo Serra S, Di Vito A, Cabella C, Oliva P, Cordaro A, Brioschi C, Terreno E, Miragoli L. An ultrasound-guided injection method for a syngeneic orthotopic murine model of breast cancer. Lab Anim 2021; 55:472-477. [PMID: 33884898 DOI: 10.1177/00236772211009074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. For high-risk women, contrast enhanced (CE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended as supplemental screening together with mammography. The development of new MRI contrast agents is an active field of research, which requires efficacy tests on appropriate preclinical pathological models. In this work, a refined method to orthotopically induce breast cancer in BALB/c mice was developed using ultrasound (US) as a guide for the precise localisation of the tumour induction site and to improve animal welfare. The method was coupled with CE-MRI to characterise the evolution of the tumoural lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca La Cava
- Centre of Excellence for Preclinical Imaging (CEIP), University of Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Enzo Terreno
- Centre of Excellence for Preclinical Imaging (CEIP), University of Turin, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mori JI, Adachi K, Sakoda Y, Sasaki T, Goto S, Matsumoto H, Nagashima Y, Matsuyama H, Tamada K. Anti-tumor efficacy of human anti-c-met CAR-T cells against papillary renal cell carcinoma in an orthotopic model. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1417-1428. [PMID: 33539630 PMCID: PMC8019206 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy has shown salient efficacy in cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the treatment of B cell malignancies. However, the efficacy of CAR‐T for solid tumors remains inadequate. In this study, we displayed that c‐met is an appropriate therapeutic target for papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) using clinical samples, developed an anti‐human c‐met CAR‐T cells, and investigated the anti‐tumor efficacy of the CAR‐T cells using an orthotopic mouse model as pre‐clinical research. Administration of the anti‐c‐met CAR‐T cells induced marked infiltration of the CAR‐T cells into the tumor tissue and unambiguous suppression of tumor growth. Furthermore, in combination with axitinib, the anti‐tumor efficacy of the CAR‐T cells was synergistically augmented. Taken together, our current study demonstrated the potential for clinical application of anti‐c‐met CAR‐T cells in the treatment of patients with PRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ich Mori
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.,Department of Urology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Keishi Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Yukimi Sakoda
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Science and Therapeutics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Goto
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Matsuyama
- Department of Urology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Koji Tamada
- Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tapadar S, Fathi S, Wu B, Sun CQ, Raji I, Moore SG, Arnold RS, Gaul DA, Petros JA, Oyelere AK. Liver-Targeting Class I Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Potently Suppress Hepatocellular Tumor Growth as Standalone Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3095. [PMID: 33114147 PMCID: PMC7690782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in epigenetic regulation play critical roles in tumor development and progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyl transferase (HAT) are functionally opposing epigenetic regulators, which control the expression status of tumor suppressor genes. Upregulation of HDAC activities, which results in silencing of tumor suppressor genes and uncontrolled proliferation, predominates in malignant tumors. Inhibition of the deacetylase activity of HDACs is a clinically validated cancer therapy strategy. However, current HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have elicited limited therapeutic benefit against solid tumors. Here, we disclosed a class of HDACi that are selective for sub-class I HDACs and preferentially accumulate within the normal liver tissue and orthotopically implanted liver tumors. We observed that these compounds possess exquisite on-target effects evidenced by their induction of dose-dependent histone H4 hyperacetylation without perturbation of tubulin acetylation status and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Representative compounds 2 and 3a are relatively non-toxic to mice and robustly suppressed tumor growths in an orthotopic model of HCC as standalone agents. Collectively, our results suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic advantage against HCC relative to the current systemic HDACi. This prospect merits further comprehensive preclinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasish Tapadar
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
- Sophia Bioscience, Inc. 311 Ferst Drive NW, Ste. L1325A, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;
| | - Shaghayegh Fathi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Bocheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Carrie Q. Sun
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Idris Raji
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Samuel G. Moore
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Rebecca S. Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - David A. Gaul
- Sophia Bioscience, Inc. 311 Ferst Drive NW, Ste. L1325A, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;
| | - John A. Petros
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (C.Q.S.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Adegboyega K. Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (S.T.); (S.F.); (B.W.); (I.R.); (S.G.M.)
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gautam SK, Kanchan RK, Siddiqui JA, Maurya SK, Rauth S, Perumal N, Atri P, Venkata RC, Mallya K, Mirza S, Ponnusamy MP, Band V, Mahapatra S, Jain M, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Blocking c-MET/ERBB1 Axis Prevents Brain Metastasis in ERBB2+ Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2838. [PMID: 33019652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeted monotherapies are ineffective in the treatment of brain metastasis of ERBB2+ breast cancer (BC) underscoring the need for combination therapies. The lack of robust preclinical models has further hampered the assessment of treatment modalities. We report here a clinically relevant orthotopic mouse model of ERBB2+ BC that spontaneously metastasizes to brain and demonstrates that targeting the c-MET/ERBB1 axis with a combination of cabozantinib and neratinib decreases primary tumor growth and prevents brain metastasis in ERBB2+ BC. Abstract Brain metastasis (BrM) remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (ERBB2+) breast cancer (BC) patients. We proposed here that a combination treatment of irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib (NER) and the c-MET inhibitor cabozantinib (CBZ) could prevent brain metastasis. To address this, we first tested the combination treatment of NER and CBZ in the brain-seeking ERBB2+ cell lines SKBrM3 and JIMT-1-BR3, and in ERBB2+ organoids that expressed the c-MET/ERBB1 axis. Next, we developed and characterized an orthotopic mouse model of spontaneous BrM and evaluated the therapeutic effect of CBZ and NER in vivo. The combination treatment of NER and CBZ significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in ERBB2+ cell lines and reduced the organoid growth in vitro. Mechanistically, the combination treatment of NER and CBZ substantially inhibited ERK activation downstream of the c-MET/ERBB1 axis. Orthotopically implanted SKBrM3+ cells formed primary tumor in the mammary fat pad and spontaneously metastasized to the brain and other distant organs. Combination treatment with NER and CBZ inhibited primary tumor growth and predominantly prevented BrM. In conclusion, the orthotopic model of spontaneous BrM is clinically relevant, and the combination therapy of NER and CBZ might be a useful approach to prevent BrM in BC.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Stem cell-mediated regenerative endodontics has reached the human clinical trial phase; however, many issues still exist that prevent such technology to be a widely used clinical practice. These issues are not straightforward and are complicated. They should be because pulp regeneration is dealing with a small dead-end space. In addition, when regeneration is needed, the space is often heavily infected. The true standard of pulp regeneration should be everything except generation of some fibrous connective tissue and amorphous mineral deposit. As of now, we are still far short of reaching the standard of complete vascularized and innervated pulp regeneration with newly formed tubular dentin in all types of teeth. Thus, we need to go back to the bench and use established animal models or create new animal models to tackle those issues. This article will address several key issues including the possibility of pulp regeneration in small canals of molar teeth by enhancing the neovascularization, and whether the organized tubular dentin can be generated on the canal walls. Data from our semi-orthotopic tooth fragment mouse model have shown that complete pulp regeneration using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in small canal has been inconsistent because of limited blood supply. This inconsistency is similar in our orthotopic miniature swine model, although in some cases vascularized pulp-like tissue can be formed throughout the canal space after DPSC transplantation. Furthermore, no tubular dentin was observed in the orthotopic pulp regeneration, despite the fact that DPSCs have the capacity to generate some tubular dentin-like structure in the hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate-mediated ectopic pulp/dentin formation model in mice. Potential strategies to be tested to address these regeneration issues are discussed herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George T-J Huang
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Jie Liu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee; VIP Dental Service and Geriatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongdong Yu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Dong Li
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chao-An Chen
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee; Chi Mei Medical Center, Department of Endodontics, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Adham A Azim
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Bioscience Research, Memphis, Tennessee; University at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine, Division of Endodontics, Buffalo, New York
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Trimaglio G, Tilkin-Mariamé AF, Feliu V, Lauzéral-Vizcaino F, Tosolini M, Valle C, Ayyoub M, Neyrolles O, Vergnolle N, Rombouts Y, Devaud C. Colon-specific immune microenvironment regulates cancer progression versus rejection. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1790125. [PMID: 32923152 PMCID: PMC7458593 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1790125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have achieved clinical benefit in many types of cancer but remain limited to a subset of patients in colorectal cancer (CRC). Resistance to immunotherapy can be attributed in part to tissue-specific factors constraining antitumor immunity. Thus, a better understanding of how the colon microenvironment shapes the immune response to CRC is needed to identify mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapies and guide the development of novel therapeutics. In an orthotopic mouse model of MC38-CRC, tumor progression was monitored by bioluminescence imaging and the immune signatures were assessed at a transcriptional level using NanoString and at a cellular level by flow cytometry. Despite initial tumor growth in all mice, only 25% to 35% of mice developed a progressive lethal CRC while the remaining animals spontaneously rejected their solid tumor. No tumor rejection was observed in the absence of adaptive immunity, nor when MC38 cells were injected in non-orthotopic locations, subcutaneously or into the liver. We observed that progressive CRC tumors exhibited a protumor immune response, characterized by a regulatory T-lymphocyte pattern, discernible shortly post-tumor implantation, as well as suppressive myeloid cells. In contrast, tumor-rejecting mice presented an early inflammatory response and an antitumor microenvironment enriched in CD8+ T cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate the role of the colon microenvironment in regulating the balance between anti or protumor immune responses. While emphasizing the relevance of the CRC orthotopic model, they set the basis for exploring the impact of the identified signatures in colon cancer response to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Trimaglio
- Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université De Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Virginie Feliu
- Centre De Recherches En Cancérologie De Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, Toulouse, France.,Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Universitaire Du Cancer (IUCT)- Oncopôle, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lauzéral-Vizcaino
- Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Universitaire Du Cancer (IUCT)- Oncopôle, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Centre De Recherches En Cancérologie De Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Valle
- Centre De Recherches En Cancérologie De Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Centre De Recherches En Cancérologie De Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, Toulouse, France.,Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Institut Universitaire Du Cancer (IUCT)- Oncopôle, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Neyrolles
- Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université De Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- INSERM (U1220), INRA, ENVT, UPS, Institut De Recherche En Santé Digestive (IRSD), Toulouse, France
| | - Yoann Rombouts
- Institut De Pharmacologie Et De Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université De Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christel Devaud
- INSERM (U1220), INRA, ENVT, UPS, Institut De Recherche En Santé Digestive (IRSD), Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sudha T, El-Far AH, Mousa DS, Mousa SA. Resveratrol and Its Nanoformulation Attenuate Growth and the Angiogenesis of Xenograft and Orthotopic Colon Cancer Models. Molecules 2020; 25:E1412. [PMID: 32244860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifactorial disorder that induces mortality worldwide, and the colorectal type is the third most common cancer globally. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural compound with an effective anticancer effect, especially against colorectal cancer, and therefore numerous studies recommended its use in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment. The current study investigated the effect of either RSV or its nanoformulation (NP-RSV) on the growth and vascularity of xenograft and orthotopic mice models in colon cancer (COLO205-luc). Both RSV and NP-RSV induced significant reductions in tumor growth and the hemoglobin percentages of the tumor mass, but NP-RSV showed greater bioavailability and efficacy than RSV. Generally, we recommend using NP-RSV as a therapeutic to control colon cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Oliveira RC, Abrantes AM, Tralhão JG, Botelho MF. The role of mouse models in colorectal cancer research-The need and the importance of the orthotopic models. Animal Model Exp Med 2020; 3:1-8. [PMID: 32318654 PMCID: PMC7167241 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a worldwide health burden, with high incidence and mortality, especially in the advanced stages of the disease. Preclinical models are very important and valuable to discover and validate early and specific biomarkers as well as new therapeutic targets. In order to accomplish that, the animal models must replicate the clinical evolution of the disease in all of its phases. In this article, we review the existent mouse models, with their strengths and weaknesses in the replication of human cancer disease progression, with major focus on orthotopic models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui C. Oliveira
- Biophysics UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital (CHUC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Biophysics UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Centre of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO)CoimbraPortugal
| | - José Guilherme Tralhão
- Biophysics UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Centre of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO)CoimbraPortugal
- Surgery A DepartmentFaculty of MedicineUniversity Hospital (CHUC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Biophysics UnitFaculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Centre of Investigation on Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO)CoimbraPortugal
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yoshii Y, Matsumoto H, Yoshimoto M, Oe Y, Zhang MR, Nagatsu K, Sugyo A, Tsuji AB, Higashi T. 64Cu-Intraperitoneal Radioimmunotherapy: A Novel Approach for Adjuvant Treatment in a Clinically Relevant Preclinical Model of Pancreatic Cancer. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1437-1443. [PMID: 30850497 PMCID: PMC6785796 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.225045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a very poor prognosis. Surgery is the primary treatment for patients with resectable PC; however, local recurrence, hepatic metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination often occur even after extensive surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy, typically with gemcitabine, has been used clinically but with only a modest survival benefit. To achieve a better outcome, we investigated the efficacy of 64Cu-intraperitoneal radioimmunotherapy (ipRIT) with 64Cu-labeled antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab as an adjuvant treatment after PC surgery using an orthotopic xenografted mouse model. Methods: The efficacy of adjuvant 64Cu-ipRIT was investigated in a human PC mouse model harboring orthotopic xenografts of xPA-1-DC cells. To reproduce the clinical situation, PC xenografts were surgically resected when pancreatic tumors were readily visible but not metastatic tumors. Increasing doses of 64Cu-cetuximab were intraperitoneally injected, and the mice were monitored for toxicity to determine the safe therapeutic dose. For adjuvant 64Cu-ipRIT, the day after tumor resection, the mice were intraperitoneally administered 22.2 MBq of 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab and the survival was compared with that in surgery-only controls. For comparison, adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine was also examined using the same model. Results: The mouse model not only developed primary tumors in the pancreas but also subsequently reproduced local recurrence, hepatic metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination after surgery, which is similar to the manifestations that occur with human PC. Adjuvant 64Cu-ipRIT with 64Cu-labeled cetuximab after surgery effectively suppressed local recurrence, hepatic metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination in this model. Significant improvement of the survival with minimal toxicity was achieved by adjuvant 64Cu-ipRIT compared with that in control mice that underwent surgery only. Adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine nominally prolonged the survival, but the effect was not statistically significant. Conclusion:64Cu-ipRIT with cetuximab can be an effective adjuvant therapy after PC surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Yoshii
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuyoshi Yoshimoto
- Division of Functional Imaging, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoko Oe
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nagatsu
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aya Sugyo
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi B Tsuji
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tsumura R, Manabe S, Takashima H, Koga Y, Yasunaga M, Matsumura Y. Evaluation of the antitumor mechanism of antibody-drug conjugates against tissue factor in stroma-rich allograft models. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3296-3305. [PMID: 31348600 PMCID: PMC6778651 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is known to be overexpressed in various cancers including pancreatic cancer. The upregulation of TF expression has been observed not only in tumor cells, but also in tumor stromal cells. Because of the potential of TF as a delivery target, several studies investigated the effectiveness of Ab-drug conjugates (ADCs) against TF for cancer therapy. However, it is still unclear whether anti-TF ADC can exert toxicity against both tumor cells and tumor stromal cells. Here, we prepared ADC using a rat anti-mouse TF mAb (clone.1157) and 2 types of in vivo murine pancreatic cancer models, one s.c. and other orthotopic with an abundant tumor stroma. We also compared the feasibility of bis-alkylating conjugation (bisAlk) with that of conventional maleimide-based conjugation (MC). In the s.c. models, anti-TF ADC showed greater antitumor effects than control ADC. The results also indicated that the bisAlk linker might be more suitable than the MC linker for cancer treatments. In the orthotopic model, anti-TF ADC showed greater in vivo efficacy and more extended survival time control ADC. Treatment with anti-TF ADC (20 mg/kg, three times a week) did not affect mouse body weight changes in any in vivo experiment. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining indicated that anti-TF ADC delivered agents not only to TF-positive tumor cells, but also to TF-positive tumor vascular endothelial cells and other tumor stromal cells. We conclude that anti-TF ADC should be a selective and potent drug for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tsumura
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shino Manabe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takashima
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Koga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasunaga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsumura
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oweida AJ, Bhatia S, Van Court B, Darragh L, Serkova N, Karam SD. Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment. J Vis Exp 2019:10.3791/59195. [PMID: 31058896 PMCID: PMC6659716 DOI: 10.3791/59195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a debilitating and deadly disease with a high prevalence of recurrence and treatment failure. To develop better therapeutic strategies, understanding tumor microenvironmental factors that contribute to the treatment resistance is important. A major impediment to understanding disease mechanisms and improving therapy has been a lack of murine cell lines that resemble the aggressive and metastatic nature of human HNSCCs. Furthermore, a majority of murine models employ subcutaneous implantations of tumors which lack important physiological features of the head and neck region, including high vascular density, extensive lymphatic vasculature, and resident mucosal flora. The purpose of this study is to develop and characterize an orthotopic model of HNSCC. We employ two genetically distinct murine cell lines and established tumors in the buccal mucosa of mice. We optimize collagenase-based tumor digestion methods for the optimal recovery of single cells from established tumors. The data presented here show that mice develop highly vascularized tumors that metastasize to regional lymph nodes. Single-cell multiparametric mass cytometry analysis shows the presence of diverse immune populations with myeloid cells representing the majority of all immune cells. The model proposed in this study has applications in cancer biology, tumor immunology, and preclinical development of novel therapeutics. The resemblance of the orthotopic model to clinical features of human disease will provide a tool for enhanced translation and improved patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman J Oweida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus;
| | - Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Laurel Darragh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Natalie Serkova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus; Division of Radiology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sulheim E, Mørch Y, Snipstad S, Borgos SE, Miletic H, Bjerkvig R, Davies CDL, Åslund AKO. Therapeutic Effect of Cabazitaxel and Blood-Brain Barrier opening in a Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Model. Nanotheranostics 2019; 3:103-112. [PMID: 30899638 PMCID: PMC6427936 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.31479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of glioblastoma and other diseases in the brain is especially challenging due to the blood-brain barrier, which effectively protects the brain parenchyma. In this study we show for the first time that cabazitaxel, a semi-synthetic derivative of docetaxel can cross the blood-brain barrier and give a significant therapeutic effect in a patient-derived orthotopic model of glioblastoma. We show that the drug crosses the blood-brain barrier more effectively in the tumor than in the healthy brain due to reduced expression of p-glycoprotein efflux pumps in the vasculature of the tumor. Surprisingly, neither ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening (sonopermeation) nor drug formulation in polymeric nanoparticles could increase either accumulation of the drug in the brain or therapeutic effect. This indicates that for hydrophobic drugs, sonopermeation of the blood brain barrier might not be sufficient to achieve improved drug delivery. Nonetheless, our study shows that cabazitaxel is a promising drug for the treatment of brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Einar Sulheim
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim Norway.,Cancer Clinic, St.Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim Norway
| | - Yrr Mørch
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim Norway
| | - Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim Norway.,Cancer Clinic, St.Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim Norway
| | - Sven Even Borgos
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim Norway
| | - Hrvoje Miletic
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | | | - Andreas K O Åslund
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Trondheim Norway.,Stroke Unit, Department of internal medicine, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim OS, Park JW, Lee ES, Yoo RJ, Kim WI, Lee KC, Shim JH, Chung HK. [ 18F]FET PET is a useful tool for treatment evaluation and prognosis prediction of anti-angiogenic drug in an orthotopic glioblastoma mouse model. Lab Anim Res 2018; 34:248-56. [PMID: 30671112 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2018.34.4.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O-2-18F-fluoroethyl-l-tyrosine ([18F]FET) has been widely used for glioblastomas (GBM) in clinical practice, although evaluation of its applicability in non-clinical research is still lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the value of [18F]FET for treatment evaluation and prognosis prediction of anti-angiogenic drug in an orthotopic mouse model of GBM. Human U87MG cells were implanted into nude mice and then bevacizumab, a representative anti-angiogenic drug, was administered. We monitored the effect of anti-angiogenic agents using multiple imaging modalities, including bioluminescence imaging (BLI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT). Among these imaging methods analyzed, only [18F]FET uptake showed a statistically significant decrease in the treatment group compared to the control group (P=0.02 and P=0.03 at 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). This indicates that [18F]FET PET is a sensitive method to monitor the response of GBM bearing mice to anti-angiogenic drug. Moreover, [18F]FET uptake was confirmed to be a significant parameter for predicting the prognosis of anti-angiogenic drug (P=0.041 and P=0.007, on Days 7 and 12, respectively, on Pearson's correlation; P=0.048 and P=0.030, on Days 7 and 12, respectively, on Cox regression analysis). However, results of BLI or MRI were not significantly associated with survival time. In conclusion, this study suggests that [18F]FET PET imaging is a pertinent imaging modality for sensitive monitoring and accurate prediction of treatment response to anti-angiogenic agents in an orthotopic model of GBM.
Collapse
|
25
|
Bass R, Roberto D, Wang DZ, Cantu FP, Mohamadi RM, Kelley SO, Klotz L, Venkateswaran V. Combining Desmopressin and Docetaxel for the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in an Orthotopic Model. Anticancer Res 2018; 39:113-118. [PMID: 30591447 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. It has recently been demonstrated to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis in breast cancer models. Docetaxel is a chemotherapy agent for castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this study, the ability of CRPC cells to grow and develop in vivo tumors in an animal model was evaluated, in order to investigate the anti-tumor effect of desmopressin in combination with docetaxel. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CRPC cell line PC3 was used for orthotopic inoculation in male athymic nude mice. The mice were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Control, docetaxel, desmopressin or combination therapy. Following the last treatment, tumors were excised and measured. Blood samples were processed for CTC analysis. RESULTS Docetaxel treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume compared to control. The combination therapy resulted in even more significant reduction (31.2%) in tumor volume. There was a complete absence of CTCs in the combination group. CONCLUSION Our pilot study demonstrated an enhanced efficacy of docetaxel-based therapy in combination with desmopressin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Bass
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Domenica Roberto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Zongjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fernando Pena Cantu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reza M Mohamadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurence Klotz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vasundara Venkateswaran
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
McGovern JA, Shafiee A, Wagner F, Lahr CA, Landgraf M, Meinert C, Williams ED, Russell PJ, Clements JA, Loessner D, Holzapfel BM, Risbridger GP, Hutmacher DW. Humanization of the Prostate Microenvironment Reduces Homing of PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells to Human Tissue-Engineered Bone. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110438. [PMID: 30428629 PMCID: PMC6265886 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary tumor microenvironment is inherently important in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation, growth and metastasis. However, most current PCa animal models are based on the injection of cancer cells into the blood circulation and bypass the first steps of the metastatic cascade, hence failing to investigate the influence of the primary tumor microenvironment on PCa metastasis. Here, we investigated the spontaneous metastasis of PC3 human PCa cells from humanized prostate tissue, containing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and prostate lymphatic and blood vessel endothelial cells (BVECs), to humanized tissue-engineered bone constructs (hTEBCs) in NOD-SCID IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice. The hTEBC formed a physiologically mature organ bone which allowed homing of metastatic PCa cells. Humanization of prostate tissue had no significant effect on the tumor burden at the primary site over the 4 weeks following intraprostatic injection, yet reduced the incidence and burden of metastases in the hTEBC. Spontaneous PCa metastases were detected in the lungs and spleen with no significant differences between the humanized and non-humanized prostate groups. A significantly greater metastatic tumor burden was observed in the liver when metastasis occurred from the humanized prostate. Together, our data suggests that the presence of human-derived CAFs and BVECs in the primary PCa microenvironment influences selectively the metastatic and homing behavior of PC3 cells in this model. Our orthotopic and humanized PCa model developed via convergence of cancer research and tissue engineering concepts provides a platform to dissect mechanisms of species-specific PCa bone metastasis and to develop precision medicine strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui A McGovern
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- The University of Queensland (UQ), Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Ferdinand Wagner
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Christoph A Lahr
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - Marietta Landgraf
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth D Williams
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Pamela J Russell
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Boris M Holzapfel
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstraße 11, 97072 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 2800, Australia.
- Prostate Cancer Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre in Additive Biomanufacturing, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ju SM, Chen F, Liu J, Qin G, Xie YL, Wang ZL, Wei XM. [Establishment and characterization of an orthotopic murine model of mucosal malignant melanoma of the maxillary sinus]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 31:1599-1602;1605. [PMID: 29797958 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.20.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To establish a stable and reliable orthotopic murine model of mucosal malignant melanoma of the maxillary sinus so as to provide animal models for further studying for pathogenesis and therapy of sinonasal malignancy.Method:B16 were implanted in the right maxillary sinus of male nude mice. After tumors appeared in right maxillary sinus, tumor growth and survival rate were recorded. The degree of tumor infiltration was observed through the MRI.Result:Mice with B16 implanted in right maxillary sinus developed primary tumors. The survival and the tumor volume were related to the number of tumor cells implanted. We found that the tumor can invade into nasal cavity, orbital cavity and the basilar region using MRI.Conclusion:We successfully established a model for mucosal malignant melanoma of the maxillary sinus. This model offers an experimental tool for further research on biological characteristics of sinonasal malignancy and the development of new therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Ju
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - F Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
| | - J Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital
| | - G Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Y L Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chengdu No.7 People's Hospital
| | - Z L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital
| | - X M Wei
- Southwest Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Feng HY, Zhang Y, Liu HJ, Dong X, Yang SC, Lu Q, Meng F, Chen HZ, Sun P, Fang C. Characterization of an orthotopic gastric cancer mouse model with lymph node and organ metastases using bioluminescence imaging. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5179-5185. [PMID: 30250585 PMCID: PMC6144215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node (LN) metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) is the strongest prognostic indicator for this disease; however, the majority of the LN metastasis profiles of GC remain unknown, which notably hinders the therapeutic efficacy in clinic. In the present study, an orthotopic model of human GC was established for investigation of time-dependent LN metastasis patterns in mice. Luciferase-expressing NCI-N87 human GC cells were injected into the subserosa of the gastric body, resulting in a tumor formation rate of 100%. LN metastasis at four different anatomical positions in the abdomen were characterized until week 10 after tumor cell injection using sensitive bioluminescence imaging and histopathological analyses. Skip LN metastases were observed at later stages (weeks 8-10) of the experiment. Metastases in other major organs, including liver, spleen and lung, were also examined. Characterization of this orthotopic GC model and metastasis patterns in LNs and major organs should aid in the preclinical GC research regarding the metastatic mechanism and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yi Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China.,College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Jun Liu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Si-Cong Yang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Qin Lu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Fanping Meng
- College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Chao Fang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tzeng SF, Tsai CH, Chao TK, Chou YC, Yang YC, Tsai MH, Cha TL, Hsiao PW. O-Glycosylation-mediated signaling circuit drives metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800687. [PMID: 29906246 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a common disease in men that is characterized by limited survival and resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy. The increase in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) signaling contributes to androgen receptor activity in a subset of patients with CRPC; however, enigmatically, HER2-targeted therapies have demonstrated a lack of efficacy in patients with CRPC. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and involves key processes that support cancer progression. Using transcriptomic analysis of prostate cancer data sets, histopathologic examination of clinical specimens, and in vivo experiments of xenograft models, we reveal in this study a coordinated increase in glycan-binding protein, galectin-4, specific glycosyltransferases of core 1 synthase, glycoprotein- N-acetylgalactosamine 3-β-galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) and ST3 beta-galactoside α-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1), and resulting mucin-type O-glycans during the progression of CRPC. Furthermore, galectin-4 engaged with C1GALT1-dependent O-glycans to promote castration resistance and metastasis by activating receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and cancer cell stemness properties mediated by SRY-box 9 (SOX9). This galectin-glycan interaction up-regulated the MYC-dependent expression of C1GALT1 and ST3GAL1, which altered cellular mucin-type O-glycosylation to allow for galectin-4 binding. In clinical prostate cancer, high-level expression of C1GALT1 and galectin-4 together predict poor overall survival compared with low-level expression of C1GALT1 and galectin-4. In summary, MYC regulates abnormal O-glycosylation, thus priming cells for binding to galectin-4 and downstream signaling, which promotes castration resistance and metastasis.-Tzeng, S.-F., Tsai, C.-H., Chao, T.-K., Chou, Y.-C., Yang, Y.-C., Tsai, M.-H., Cha, T.-L., Hsiao, P.-W. O-Glycosylation-mediated signaling circuit drives metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheue-Fen Tzeng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Lung Cha
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zaccagnino A, Managò A, Leanza L, Gontarewitz A, Linder B, Azzolini M, Biasutto L, Zoratti M, Peruzzo R, Legler K, Trauzold A, Kalthoff H, Szabo I. Tumor-reducing effect of the clinically used drug clofazimine in a SCID mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38276-38293. [PMID: 27542263 PMCID: PMC5503532 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents the most common form of pancreatic cancer with rising incidence in developing countries. Unfortunately, the overall 5-year survival rate is still less than 5%. The most frequent oncogenic mutations in PDAC are loss-of function mutations in p53 and gain-of-function mutations in KRAS. Here we show that clofazimine (Lamprene), a drug already used in the clinic for autoimmune diseases and leprosy, is able to efficiently kill in vitro five different PDAC cell lines harboring p53 mutations. We provide evidence that clofazimine induces apoptosis in PDAC cells with an EC50 in the μM range via its specific inhibitory action on the potassium channel Kv1.3. Intraperitoneal injection of clofazimine resulted in its accumulation in the pancreas of mice 8 hours after administration. Using an orthotopic PDAC xenotransplantation model in SCID beige mouse, we show that clofazimine significantly and strongly reduced the primary tumor weight. Thus, our work identifies clofazimine as a promising therapeutic agent against PDAC and further highlights ion channels as possible oncological targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Zaccagnino
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3. Padova, I-35121 Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3. Padova, I-35121 Italy
| | - Artur Gontarewitz
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernhard Linder
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, I-35121 Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Biasutto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, I-35121 Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, I-35121 Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Peruzzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3. Padova, I-35121 Italy
| | - Karen Legler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3 (Haus 17) D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, viale G. Colombo 3. Padova, I-35121 Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu X, Liu J, Yu Z, Chen CA, Aksel H, Azim AA, Huang GTJ. A Miniature Swine Model for Stem Cell-Based De Novo Regeneration of Dental Pulp and Dentin-Like Tissue. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:108-120. [PMID: 29298406 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to establish mini-swine as a large animal model for stem cell-based pulp regeneration studies. Swine dental pulp stem cells (sDPSCs) were isolated from mini-swine and characterized in vitro. For in vivo studies, we first employed both ectopic and semi-orthotopic study models using severe combined immunodeficiency mice. One is hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) model for pulp-dentin complex formation, and the other is tooth fragment model for complete pulp regeneration with new dentin depositing along the canal walls. We found that sDPSCs are similar to their human counterparts exhibiting mesenchymal stem cell characteristics with ability to form colony forming unit-fibroblastic and odontogenic differentiation potential. sDPSCs formed pulp-dentin complex in the HA/TCP model and showed pulp regeneration capacity in the tooth fragment model. We then tested orthotopic pulp regeneration on mini-swine including the use of multi-rooted teeth. Using autologous sDPSCs carried by hydrogel and transplanted into the mini-swine root canal space, we observed regeneration of vascularized pulp-like tissue with a layer of newly deposited dentin-like (rD) tissue or osteodentin along the canal walls. In some cases, dentin bridge-like structure was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis detected the expression of nestin, dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, and bone sialoprotein in odontoblast-like cells lining against the produced rD. We also tested the use of allogeneic sDPSCs for the same procedures. Similar findings were observed in allogeneic transplantation. This study is the first to show an establishment of mini-swine as a suitable large animal model utilizing multi-rooted teeth for further cell-based pulp regeneration studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhu
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee.,2 VIP Dental Service and Geriatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University , Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zongdong Yu
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chao-An Chen
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee.,3 Department of Endodontics, Chi Mei Medical Center , Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hacer Aksel
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee.,4 Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adham A Azim
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| | - George T-J Huang
- 1 Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pothula SP, Xu Z, Goldstein D, Merrett N, Pirola RC, Wilson JS, Apte MV. Targeting the HGF/c-MET pathway: stromal remodelling in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:76722-39. [PMID: 29100344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal-tumor interactions in pancreatic cancer (PC) impact on treatment outcomes. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) produce the collagenous stroma of PC and interact with cancer cells to facilitate disease progression. A candidate growth factor pathway that may mediate this interaction is the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET pathway. HGF is produced by PSCs and its receptor c-MET is expressed on pancreatic cancer cells. We studied the effects on PC progression of inhibiting the HGF/c-MET pathway in the presence and absence of a representative chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine. Using an orthotopic model of PC we have shown that “triple therapy” (inhibition of both HGF and c-MET combined with gemcitabine) resulted in the greatest reduction in tumor volume compared to each of the treatments alone or in dual combinations. Importantly, metastasis was virtually eliminated in mice receiving triple therapy. Our in vivo findings were supported by in vitro studies showing that the increase in cancer cell proliferation and migration in response to PSC secretions was significantly inhibited by the triple regimen. Our studies suggest that a combined approach, that targets tumor cells by chemotherapy while inhibiting specific pathways that mediate stromal-tumor interactions, may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to improve outcomes in PC.
Collapse
|
33
|
Go KL, Delitto D, Judge SM, Gerber MH, George TJ Jr, Behrns KE, Hughes SJ, Judge AR, Trevino JG. Orthotopic Patient-Derived Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts Engraft Into the Pancreatic Parenchyma, Metastasize, and Induce Muscle Wasting to Recapitulate the Human Disease. Pancreas 2017; 46:813-9. [PMID: 28609371 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limitations associated with current animal models serve as a major obstacle to reliable preclinical evaluation of therapies in pancreatic cancer (PC). In an effort to develop more reliable preclinical models, we have recently established a subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. However, critical aspects of PC responsible for its highly lethal nature, such as the development of distant metastasis and cancer cachexia, remain underrepresented in the flank PDX model. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree to which an orthotopic PDX model of PC recapitulates these aspects of the human disease. METHODS Human PDX-derived PC tumors were implanted directly into the pancreas of NOD.Cg-Prkdc Il2rg/SzJ mice. Tumor growth, metastasis, and muscle wasting were then evaluated. RESULTS Orthotopically implanted PDX-derived tumors consistently incorporated into the murine pancreatic parenchyma, metastasized to both the liver and lungs and induced muscle wasting directly proportional to the size of the tumor, consistent of the cancer cachexia syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Through the orthotopic implantation technique described, we demonstrate a highly reproducible model that recapitulates both local and systemic aspects of human PC.
Collapse
|
34
|
Battaglia L, Muntoni E, Chirio D, Peira E, Annovazzi L, Schiffer D, Mellai M, Riganti C, Salaroglio IC, Lanotte M, Panciani P, Capucchio MT, Valazza A, Biasibetti E, Gallarate M. Solid lipid nanoparticles by coacervation loaded with a methotrexate prodrug: preliminary study for glioma treatment. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:639-656. [PMID: 28186465 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Methotrexate-loaded biocompatible nanoparticles were tested for preliminary efficacy in glioma treatment. MATERIALS & METHODS Behenic acid nanoparticles, prepared by the coacervation method, were loaded with the ester prodrug didodecylmethotrexate, which was previously tested in vitro against glioblastoma human primary cultures. Nanoparticle conjugation with an ApoE mimicking chimera peptide was performed to obtain active targeting to the brain. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Biodistribution studies in healthy rats assessed the superiority of ApoE-conjugated formulation, which was tested on an F98/Fischer glioma model. Differences were observed in tumor growth rate (measured by MRI) between control and treated rats. In vitro tests on F98 cultured cells assessed their susceptibility to treatment, with consequent apoptosis, and allowed us to explain the apoptosis observed in glioma models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Battaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Muntoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Chirio
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Peira
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Annovazzi
- Centro Ricerche di Neurobiooncologia, Policlinico di Monza Foundation, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Davide Schiffer
- Centro Ricerche di Neurobiooncologia, Policlinico di Monza Foundation, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Marta Mellai
- Centro Ricerche di Neurobiooncologia, Policlinico di Monza Foundation, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Michele Lanotte
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Panciani
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alberto Valazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Elena Biasibetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marina Gallarate
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kobayashi M, Huang CL, Sonobe M, Kikuchi R, Date H. Ad-shWnt2b Vector Therapy Demonstrates Antitumor Activity in Orthotopic Intrapleural Models as Monitored with the In Vitro Imaging System (IVIS). Anticancer Res 2017; 36:5887-5893. [PMID: 27793913 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AIM We investigated whether Wnt2B-inhibiting therapy has effective antitumor activity against Wnt2B-overexpressing cells in an orthotopic intrapleural model by monitoring with the in vitro imaging system (IVIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice for the orthotopic intrapleural model were randomized into 3 groups (control, Ad-shWnt2B and Ad-scramble; 8 mice per group). The respective vector was injected into the intrapleural cavity of mice in the Ad-shWnt2B and Ad-scramble groups. After 6 weeks of vector treatment, all mice were monitored with the IVIS. Additionally, their body weight was measured until all mice died from the tumor or were sacrificed. RESULTS A549-Luc-positive cells showed cytotoxicity following exposure to the Ad-shWnt2B vector. The percentage of viable cells was significantly lower in A549-Luc cells treated with Ad-shWnt2B than with Ad-scramble (p<0.01 versus control or Ad-scramble, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kobayashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Sonobe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kikuchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Perepelyuk M, Shoyele O, Birbe R, Thangavel C, Liu Y, Den RB, Snook AE, Lu B, Shoyele SA. siRNA-Encapsulated Hybrid Nanoparticles Target Mutant K-ras and Inhibit Metastatic Tumor Burden in a Mouse Model of Lung Cancer. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2016; 6:259-268. [PMID: 28325292 PMCID: PMC5363504 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There is an unmet need in the development of an effective therapy for mutant K-ras-expressing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although various small molecules have been evaluated, an effective therapy remains a dream. siRNAs have the potential to downregulate mutant K-ras both at the protein and mRNA levels. However, a safe and effective delivery of siRNAs to tumors remains a limitation to their translational application in the treatment of this highly debilitating disease. Here we developed a novel hybrid nanoparticle carrier for effective delivery of anti-mutant K-ras to NSCLC (AKSLHN). The ability of this treatment modality to regress lung tumors in mouse models was evaluated as a monotherapy or as a combination treatment with erlotinib. Further, the toxicity of this treatment modality to healthy tissues was evaluated, along with its ability to elicit immune/inflammatory reactions. The results suggest that this treatment modality is a promising prospect for the treatment of mutant K-ras-expressing NSCLC without any accompanying toxicity. However, further understanding of the cellular-level interaction between AHSLHN and erlotinib needs to be attained before this promising treatment modality can be brought to the bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryna Perepelyuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Olubunmi Shoyele
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western Connecticut Health Network, Danbury Hospital, Danbury, CT 06810, USA
| | - Ruth Birbe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cooper University Hospital-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | | | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Robert B Den
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107, PA, USA
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sunday A Shoyele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Penet MF, Krishnamachary B, Wildes F, Mironchik Y, Mezzanzanica D, Podo F, de Reggi M, Gharib B, Bhujwalla ZM. Effect of Pantethine on Ovarian Tumor Progression and Choline Metabolism. Front Oncol 2016; 6:244. [PMID: 27900284 PMCID: PMC5110532 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy among women in developed countries. New therapeutic strategies evaluated with relevant preclinical models are urgently needed to improve survival rates. Here, we have assessed the effect of pantethine on tumor growth and metabolism using magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in a model of ovarian cancer. To evaluate treatment strategies, it is important to use models that closely mimic tumor growth in humans. Therefore, we used an orthotopic model of ovarian cancer where a piece of tumor tissue, derived from an ovarian tumor xenograft, is engrafted directly onto the ovary of female mice, to maintain the tumor physiological environment. Treatment with pantethine, the precursor of vitamin B5 and active moiety of coenzyme A, was started when tumors were ~100 mm3 and consisted of a daily i.p. injection of 750 mg/kg in saline. Under these conditions, no side effects were observed. High-resolution 1H MRS was performed on treated and control tumor extracts. A dual-phase extraction method based on methanol/chloroform/water was used to obtain lipid and water-soluble fractions from the tumors. We also investigated effects on metastases and ascites formation. Pantethine treatment resulted in slower tumor progression, decreased levels of phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine, and reduced metastases and ascites occurrence. In conclusion, pantethine represents a novel potential, well-tolerated, therapeutic tool in patients with ovarian cancer. Further in vivo preclinical studies are needed to confirm the beneficial role of pantethine and to better understand its mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Penet
- JHU ICMIC Program, Russell H. Morgan, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- JHU ICMIC Program, Russell H. Morgan, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Flonne Wildes
- JHU ICMIC Program, Russell H. Morgan, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- JHU ICMIC Program, Russell H. Morgan, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Delia Mezzanzanica
- Unit of Molecular Therapies, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori , Milan , Italy
| | - Franca Podo
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Max de Reggi
- Neurobiology of Cellular Interactions and Neurophysiopathology (NICN), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS , Marseille , France
| | - Bouchra Gharib
- Neurobiology of Cellular Interactions and Neurophysiopathology (NICN), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS , Marseille , France
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- JHU ICMIC Program, Russell H. Morgan, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pothula SP, Xu Z, Goldstein D, Biankin AV, Pirola RC, Wilson JS, Apte MV. Hepatocyte growth factor inhibition: a novel therapeutic approach in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:269-80. [PMID: 26766740 PMCID: PMC4742591 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs, which produce the stroma of pancreatic cancer (PC)) interact with cancer cells to facilitate PC growth. A candidate growth factor pathway that may mediate this interaction is the HGF-c-MET pathway. METHODS Effects of HGF inhibition (using a neutralising antibody AMG102) alone or in combination with gemcitabine were assessed (i) in vivo using an orthotopic model of PC, and (ii) in vitro using cultured PC cells (AsPC-1) and human PSCs. RESULTS We have shown that human PSCs (hPSCs) secrete HGF but do not express the receptor c-MET, which is present predominantly on cancer cells. HGF inhibition was as effective as standard chemotherapy in inhibiting local tumour growth but was significantly more effective than gemcitabine in reducing tumour angiogenesis and metastasis. HGF inhibition has resulted in reduced metastasis; however, interestingly this antimetastatic effect was lost when combined with gemcitabine. This suggests that gemcitabine treatment selects out a subpopulation of cancer cells with increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem-cell characteristics, as supported by our findings of increased expression of EMT and stem-cell markers in tumour sections from our animal model. In vitro studies showed that hPSC secretions induced proliferation and migration, but inhibited apoptosis, of cancer cells. These effects were countered by pretreatment of hPSC secretions with a HGF-neutralising antibody but not by gemcitabine, indicating a key role for HGF in PSC-PC interactions. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggest that targeted therapy to inhibit stromal-tumour interactions mediated by the HGF-c-MET pathway may represent a novel therapeutic approach in PC that will require careful modelling for optimal integration with existing treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa P Pothula
- Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Romano C Pirola
- Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeremy S Wilson
- Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Minoti V Apte
- Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bozec A, Ebran N, Radosevic-Robin N, Sudaka A, Monteverde M, Toussan N, Etienne-Grimaldi MC, Nigro CL, Merlano M, Penault-Llorca F, Milano G. Combination of mTOR and EGFR targeting in an orthotopic xenograft model of head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:E156-63. [PMID: 26597440 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Recent preclinical and clinical studies on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) revealed synergistic effects when combining anti-EGFR agents with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Activation of the PI3-kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has been identified as an important mechanism implicated in tumor progression and resistance to EGFR inhibitors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of combining the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (Tem) with the anti-EGFR agent cetuximab (Cet) and conventional chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin and fluorouracil (C/F)) on an orthotopic model of HNSCC. STUDY DESIGN Preclinical in vivo study. METHODS We evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy (measured tumor volume) of Tem, Cet, and C/F, administered alone or in combination. Investigations were performed using a human HNSCC cell line, CAL33, injected into the mouth floor of nude mice. RESULTS As compared with the control, the combination of Tem and Cet led to the highest tumor inhibition and induced almost complete tumor growth arrest (P = 0.001). Tem significantly enhanced the impact of the Cet-C/F combination on tumor growth (P < 0.001). The highest inhibitory effects of treatments on cell proliferation (Ki67 labeling), MAPK (pP42/44 labeling), and PI3K/AKT/mTOR (pS6R labeling) signaling pathways were found with the Tem-Cet association. CONCLUSION In this orthotopic HNSCC model, the combination of Tem with Cet produced synergistic effects on tumor growth. These results were corroborated by a strong inhibition of both MAPK and PI3K-mTOR signaling pathways. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bozec
- Institut Universitaire de la Face et du Cou, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Ebran
- Department of Oncopharmacology, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nina Radosevic-Robin
- Department of Histopathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,ERTICa Research Group, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne Sudaka
- Department of Histopathology, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice cedex, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Nicolas Toussan
- Department of Histopathology, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice cedex, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Marco Merlano
- Department of Medical Oncology, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- Department of Histopathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,ERTICa Research Group, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gérard Milano
- Department of Oncopharmacology, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Iskar M, Bork P, van Noort V. Discovery and validation of the antimetastatic activity of citalopram in colorectal cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 2:e975080. [PMID: 27308430 PMCID: PMC4904995 DOI: 10.4161/23723556.2014.975080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inverse gene expression profiling was recently shown to help drug repositioning. We showed that this approach works best for cancer and predicted novel drug candidates that may reduce metastasis in colorectal cancer. Antimetastatic activity of our predicted candidate, citalopram, was validated in an orthotopic mouse model of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Iskar
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit; European Molecular Biology Laboratory; Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peer Bork
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit; European Molecular Biology Laboratory; Heidelberg, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Centre (MDC) for Molecular Medicine; Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera van Noort
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S); KU Leuven; Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Suzuki S, Naiki-Ito A, Kuno T, Punfa W, Long N, Kato H, Inaguma S, Komiya M, Shirai T, Takahashi S. Establishment of a syngeneic orthotopic model of prostate cancer in immunocompetent rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 28:21-6. [PMID: 26023257 PMCID: PMC4337495 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2014-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously established 3 cell lines (PLS10, PLS20 and PLS30) from a chemically-induced prostate carcinoma in F344 rats, and demonstrated high potential for metastasis in nude mice. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of establishing an orthotopic model using the 3 rat prostate cancer cell lines in immunocompetent rats with the aim of resolving species-mismatch problems and defects of immune systems. The PLS10, PLS20 and PLS30 cell lines were injected into the ventral prostates of 6-week-old rats, which were then sacrificed at experimental weeks 4 and 8. Tumor mass formation was found in rats with PLS10, but not in those with PLS20 or PLS30. Additionally, metastatic carcinomas could be detected in lymph nodes and lungs of PLS10-inoculated rats. Genetic analysis demonstrated K-ras gene mutations in PLS10 and PLS20, but not in PLS30 cells. There were no mutations in p53 and KLF6. In conclusion, we established a syngeneic orthotopic model for prostate cancer in immunocompetent rats simulating human castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which should prove useful for development and validation of therapeutic agents, especially with immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Pathology Division, Nagoya City East Medical Center, 1-2-23 Wakamizu, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8547, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kuno
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Wanisa Punfa
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Ne Long
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35 Gengo, Morioka-machi, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shingo Inaguma
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Masami Komiya
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Division of Cancer Prevention Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shirai
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan ; Nagoya City Rehabilitation Center, 1-2 Mikanyama, Yatomi-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-0036, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee WY, Hong HK, Ham SK, Kim CI, Cho YB. Comparison of colorectal cancer in differentially established liver metastasis models. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:3321-3328. [PMID: 24982336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is one of the main reasons for colorectal cancer (CRC)-related deaths due to the lack of effective therapeutics mainly for liver metastasis. In the present study, we established an orthotopic colorectal cancer mouse model using different transplantation protocols to determine the optimal conditions for CRC liver metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Luciferin-expressing HCT116 cells were used to induce liver metastasis models of colorectal cancer following both intra-splenic and cecal injections. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the In Vivo Imaging system were used to monitor internal growth of the primary tumor and metastasis. RESULTS The intra-splenic injection with high cell number (5×10(6) cells/50 μL)-group achieved rapid tumor formation, and the highest metastatic rate. However, survival rates were shorter than those of the other groups. The time to develop primary tumors and liver metastases was slightly different between the two transplantation protocols followed and should be considered depending on the specific aim of each experiment. MRI and optical images correlated well with the pathological findings at necropsy with respect to both tumor growth and location. CONCLUSION The model described herein will be effective in studying new therapeutic strategies against metastatic disease when used in conjunction with small animal MRI and optical imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Hong
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Ham
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang In Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Justilien V, Fields AP. Utility and applications of orthotopic models of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for the evaluation of novel and emerging cancer therapeutics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 62:14.27.1-14.27.17. [PMID: 24510718 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph1427s62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite advances in chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, lung cancer continues to have a low 5-year survival rate, highlighting a dire need for more effective means of prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Mouse models that recapitulate the clinical features of advanced human lung cancer are critical for testing novel therapeutic approaches. This unit describes a highly reproducible, easy-to-establish orthotopic murine model of lung cancer, provides methods for in vivo imaging and monitoring of tumor growth, and discusses the usefulness of this model for translational lung cancer research and the development of therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verline Justilien
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Alan P Fields
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Miyazaki O, Sekine K, Nakajima N, Ichimura E, Ebara K, Nagai D, Onda T, Miyakawa Y, Okamoto K, Morino T. Antimyeloma activity of NK012, a micelle-forming macromolecular prodrug of SN-38, in an orthotopic model. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:218-23. [PMID: 23775066 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
NK012 is a micelle-forming macromolecular prodrug of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy camptothecin (SN-38), an active metabolite of irinotecan. It is accumulated and retained in tumor tissues and gradually releases SN-38 in an enzyme-independent manner. NK012 was previously demonstrated to have stronger antitumor activity than irinotecan in a broad range of human solid-tumor xenograft models. In our study, we used an orthotopic multiple myeloma (MM) model created by injecting CD138-positive U266B1, a myeloma cell line that produces human IgE lambda light chain (monoclonal protein, M protein), into immunodeficient NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2Rγc (null) mice. This model shows typical bone marrow infiltration by the human myeloma cells. We evaluated the antimyeloma activity of intravenously administered NK012 in this model and showed that it suppressed the M protein concentration in the plasma and proliferation of myeloma cells in the bone marrow in a dose-dependent manner. NK012 suppressed the progression of hind-leg paralysis and prolonged the survival time of the mice compared to the untreated control group. In combination with bortezomib (BTZ), NK012 increased the median survival time compared to that with BTZ alone. In conclusion, these results suggest that NK012 is a potential candidate for use-alone and in combination-in the treatment of MM in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Miyazaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bhattacharya A, Turowski SG, San Martin ID, Rajput A, Rustum YM, Hoffman RM, Seshadri M. Magnetic resonance and fluorescence-protein imaging of the anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor efficacy of selenium in an orthotopic model of human colon cancer. Anticancer Res 2011; 31:387-393. [PMID: 21378316 PMCID: PMC3129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression and angiogenesis are intimately related. To understand the interrelationship between these two processes, real-time imaging can make a major contribution. In this report, fluorescent protein imaging (FPI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were utilized to demonstrate the effects of selenium on tumor progression and angiogenesis in an orthotopic model of human colon cancer. GEO (well-differentiated human colon carcinoma) cells transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were implanted orthotopically into the colon of athymic nude mice. Beginning at five days post implantation, whole-body FPI was performed to monitor tumor growth in vivo. Upon successful visualization of tumor growth by FPI, animals were randomly assigned to either a control group or a treatment group. Treatment consisted of daily oral administration of the organoselenium compound, methyl-selenocysteine (MSC; 0.2 mg/day × five weeks). Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was performed to examine the change in tumor blood volume following treatment. CD31 immunostaining of tumor sections was also performed to quantify microvessel density (MVD). While T1- and T2-weighted MRI provided adequate contrast and volumetric assessment of GEO tumor growth, GFP imaging allowed for high-throughput visualization of tumor progression in vivo. Selenium treatment resulted in a significant reduction in blood volume and microvessel density of GEO tumors. A significant inhibition of tumor growth was also observed in selenium-treated animals compared to untreated control animals. Together, these results highlight the usefulness of multimodal imaging approaches to demonstrate antitumor and anti-angiogenesis efficacy and the promise of selenium treatment of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Khabele D, Fadare O, Liu AY, Wilson AJ, Wass E, Osteen K, Crispens MA. An orthotopic model of platinum-sensitive high grade serous fallopian tube carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2011; 5:37-45. [PMID: 22295145 PMCID: PMC3267484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fallopian tube carcinoma (FTCA) is a very rare cancer type, but may be a useful platform for investigating high grade serous tumors of the pelvis that originate from a serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) precursor. Metastatic tumors from a patient diagnosed with Stage IIIC high grade serous FTCA (P0) were transplanted via intraperitoneal (IP) injection into a small cohort of mice (passage, P1). Patient information was obtained from the medical record. Tumors were grown, harvested and re-implanted or archived through P3. The P3 cohort was treated with saline (n=8) or cisplatin, 5 mg/kg (n=8), weekly for 4 weeks. After sacrifice, tumors from each passage and treatment group were passaged further, frozen or paraffin embedded. The patient underwent optimal cytoreductive surgery for Stage IIIC high grade serous FTCA in the presence of a STIC. The FTCA, areas of STIC and normal appearing FT stained positive for p53, PAX8, pH2AX and mib-1. The patient remained in remission 9 months after platinum-based chemotherapy. IP tumor propagation was readily achieved up to P3 in the mice. Similar to the patient, orthotopic tumors were identified along peritoneal and mesenteric surfaces. Tumor histopathological and molecular features were confirmed and maintained through P3. The P3 cisplatin-treated mice had fewer tumor implants, higher levels of pH2AX and lower levels of mib-1 expression compared to controls. This orthotopic model of platinum sensitive high grade serous FTCA is a viable platform to study the biology and treatment of FTCA and other STIC-related pelvic serous carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dineo Khabele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Wilms tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. However, to date no Wilms tumor mouse model is available due to the lack of Wilms tumor cell lines. Herein for the first time we report an orthotopic xenograft mouse model utilizing the recently described Wilms tumor cell line WiT49. It has a high tumor occurrence rate (85%) without metastasis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed it is subcapsular in location and mainly biphasic with stromal and epithelial components while blastemal component is unappreciable. This model provides the prerequisite for the screening and development of new anti-tumor agents for Wilms tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hong Li
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106
| | - Harold Yamase
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Center, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Fernando Ferrer
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Nakamura T, Kuwai T, Kim JS, Fan D, Kim SJ, Fidler IJ. Stromal metalloproteinase-9 is essential to angiogenesis and progressive growth of orthotopic human pancreatic cancer in parabiont nude mice. Neoplasia 2007; 9:979-86. [PMID: 18030366 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We determined whether host matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 is essential to angiogenesis and to the growth of L3.6pl human pancreatic cancer cells implanted into the pancreas of wild-type (MMP-9(+/+)) and knockout (MMP-9(-/-)) nude mice. Four weeks after tumor cell injection, pancreatic tumors in MMP-9(+/+) mice were large, had many blood vessels, and contained many macrophages expressing MMP-9. In contrast, pancreatic tumors in MMP-9(-/-) mice were significantly smaller, had few blood vessels, and had few macrophages. Next, we parabiosed MMP-9(+/+) mice with MMP-9(+/+) mice, MMP-9(-/-) mice with MMP-9(-/-) mice, and MMP-9(+/+) mice with MMP-9(-/-) mice. Two weeks after parabiosis, we implanted L3.6pl cells into the pancreas of the recipient mouse in each pair. Four weeks later, the mice were necropsied. The parabiosis experiment revealed a direct correlation between intratumoral MMP-9(+/+) expressing macrophages, angiogenesis, and progressive tumor growth. Because the expression of MMP-9 by L3.6pl tumor cells was similar in all parabionts, the data clearly demonstrate a major role for host-derived MMP-9 in angiogenesis and in the growth of human pancreatic cancer in the pancreas of nude mice.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ammons WS, Wang JW, Yang Z, Tidmarsh GF, Hoffman RM. A novel alkylating agent, glufosfamide, enhances the activity of gemcitabine in vitro and in vivo. Neoplasia 2007; 9:625-33. [PMID: 17786181 PMCID: PMC1950432 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 06/20/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glufosfamide is an alkylating agent consisting of iphosphoramide mustard conjugated to glucose that is currently included in clinical studies of pancreatic cancer. We studied the effects of glufosfamide, in combination with gemcitabine, on in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer. In proliferation assays, glufosfamide and gemcitabine inhibited the growth of MiaPaCa-2, H766t, and PANC-1 cells, but the combination of the two agents provided greater effects. Apoptosis of MiaPaCa-2 cells, measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, was enhanced by the combination of the two drugs, compared to single-agent treatment. Glufosfamide alone inhibited the growth of red fluorescent protein-expressing MiaPaCa-2 tumors in an orthotopic nude mouse model in a dose-dependent manner. Combining glufosfamide (30 mg/kg) with gemcitabine resulted in enhanced inhibition of tumor growth and significantly prolonged survival. Immunohistochemistry of excised tumors revealed that both glufosfamide and gemcitabine increased levels of apoptosis (measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling staining) and reduced proliferation (measured by proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining). No effects on microvessel density were observed. These results support the use of the alkylating agent glufosfamide and the DNA synthesis inhibitor gemcitabine, rather than the use of either agent alone, to provide greater benefits and demonstrate that this combination treatment should be useful in the clinical treatment of pancreatic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Steve Ammons
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Redwood City, CA 94061, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sato K, Yuasa T, Nogawa M, Kimura S, Segawa H, Yokota A, Maekawa T. A third-generation bisphosphonate, minodronic acid (YM529), successfully prevented the growth of bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:1354-61. [PMID: 17043684 PMCID: PMC2360606 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2006] [Revised: 09/14/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Minodronic acid (YM529) is a third-generation bisphosphonate (BP) that has been shown to directly and indirectly prevent proliferation, induce apoptosis, and inhibit metastasis of various types of cancer cells. In this study, we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of YM529 against bladder cancer, both in vitro and in vivo. YM529 inhibited geranylgeranylation as well as farnesylation and reduced the growth of all seven bladder cancer cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro. YM529 demonstrated a good synergistic or additive antiproliferative effect when administered in combination with cisplatin or paclitaxel. Immunohistochemical study revealed YM529 inhibited the prenylation of Rap1A in vivo. YM529 administered systemically did not markedly inhibit the growth of visceral metastases but it showed a significant anticancer effect on bone metastases monitored by an in vivo imaging system. Moreover, intravesical YM529 demonstrated significant growth inhibition in a bladder cancer orthotopic model. No adverse effects were associated with the systemic as well as the intravesical treatment regimens. In conclusion, our study suggests that YM529 may be a potent anticancer agent for bladder cancer. The efficacy and safety of this BP as an agent for combination chemotherapies against bladder cancer should be verified by early-phase clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sato
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - T Yuasa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - M Nogawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - S Kimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - H Segawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - A Yokota
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - T Maekawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|