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Shah K, Lawson NC, Sayed Ahmed A, Nizami B, Lawson TJ, Kee E, Nejat AH. Wear of lithium disilicate opposed by various ceramic materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:356-362. [PMID: 37526391 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare volumetric wear of lithium disilicate against different ceramic (3 mol% yttria-stabilized (3Y) zirconia, 5 mol% yttria-stabilized (5Y) zirconia, lithium disilicate, porcelain and enamel antagonists). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty lithium disilicate (e.max CAD) specimens (n = 8/antagonist) were wet sanded to 1200grit SiC and mounted into a UAB wear device. Antagonist spheres (diameter = 4.75 mm) were made from polished 3Y zirconia, 5Y zirconia, lithium disilicate, porcelain and human enamel. A two-body wear test was performed with 20 N load and 1.5 mm slide for 400,000 cycles at 1 Hz. 33% glycerin was used as a lubricant. Wear facets were measured with optical profilometry. Wear scar areas of antagonists were measured with digital microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on wear facets and scars. Vicker's microhardness was measured of all antagonist materials. All data were compared with 1-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analysis. RESULTS Significant differences in lithium disilicate volumetric wear (mm3 ) occurred with various antagonist materials: 0.38 ± 0.01a (3Y zirconia), 0.33 ± 0.01b, (5Y zirconia), 0.16 ± 0.01c (lithium disilicate), 0.11 ± 0.03d, (enamel), and 0.07 ± 0.01e (porcelain). The lithium disilicate antagonist demonstrated a larger wear scar than other materials. Zirconia was the hardest material and enamel the least hard. CONCLUSIONS Zirconia causes significant wear on lithium disilicate and lithium disilicate causes significant wear against itself. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE When selecting a material to oppose an existing lithium disilicate crown, a porcelain or lithium disilicate surface would cause significantly less wear to the existing crown. If an existing zirconia crown exists opposed to a prepared tooth, lithium disilicate may not be an ideal material selection to restore the tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisha Shah
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Lawson
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Akram Sayed Ahmed
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Bushra Nizami
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Thomas J Lawson
- Division of Biomaterials, UAB School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Edwin Kee
- Division of Prosthodontics, LSU School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amir H Nejat
- Division of Prosthodontics, LSU School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Yıldırım B, Recen D, Paken G. Two-year evaluation of porcelain laminate veneers using FDI criteria. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:854-860. [PMID: 36651602 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) is a minimally invasive technique that is often used in restorative dentistry due to esthetic considerations. The aim of this study was to evaluate PLVs according to the Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI) World Dental Federation clinical criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This clinical study included 11 patients (7 female and 4 male) who had been admitted to the Uşak University Faculty of Dentistry between February 2019 and February 2021. Before taking part in the study, patients were informed about alternative treatment procedure options. A total of 30 PLVs were fabricated and cemented, and patients were evaluated according to the FDI criteria (with a follow-up after 2 years). RESULTS Restorations were evaluated by two trained researchers. During the follow-up evaluation, no fractures or cracks were observed in any restoration. Further, 73% (n = 22) of the PLVs had perfect marginal adaptation and only 27% (n = 8) had small marginal fractures that could be removed by polishing. Moreover, 57% (n = 17) of the PLVs were evaluated as a good color match (no difference in shade and/or translucency), whereas 33% (n = 13) had only minor deviations. In periodontal examinations, 23% (n = 7) of the PLVs had no plaque, inflammation, or pockets, whereas 77% (n = 23) had minor plaque inflammation and no pocket development. CONCLUSIONS As there were no fractures, fails, or need for removal of the restorations after 2 years, PLVs showed clinically satisfactory performance. The performance of PLVs can be considered highly favorable due to the minimally invasive and periodontally-compatible nature, with a good color match when carefully planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Yıldırım
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Uşak, Usak, Turkey
| | - Duygu Recen
- İzmir Torbalı Oral and Dental Health Center, İzmir, Turkey
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Gershater E, Griswold O, Talsania BE, Zhang Y, Chung CH, Zheng Z, Li C. Effects of Plasma Treatment on the Strength of Bonding to Ceramic Surfaces in Orthodontics-A Comprehensive Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1323. [PMID: 38002447 PMCID: PMC10669322 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, orthodontic treatment has been increasingly sought out by adults, many of whom have undergone restorative dental procedures that cover enamel. Because the characteristics of restorative materials differ from those of enamel, typical bonding techniques do not yield excellent restoration-bracket bonding strengths. Plasma treatment is an emerging surface treatment that could potentially improve bonding properties. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate currently available studies assessing the effect of plasma treatment on the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure mode of resin cement/composite on the surface of ceramic materials. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies, which were categorized by restorative material and plasma treatment types that were evaluated. It was determined that cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment using helium and H2O gas was effective at raising the SBS of feldspathic porcelain to a bonding agent, while CAP treatment using helium gas might also be a potential treatment method for zirconia and other types of ceramics. More importantly, CAP treatment using helium has the potential for being carried out chairside due to its non-toxicity, low temperature, and short treatment time. However, because all the studies were conducted in vitro and not tested in an orthodontic setting, further research must be conducted to ascertain the effectiveness of specific plasma treatments in comparison to current orthodontic bonding treatments in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gershater
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Olivia Griswold
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brooke E. Talsania
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chun-Hsi Chung
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chenshuang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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4
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Sonar PR, Panchbhai AS, Vaidya S. Anterior Aesthetic Rehabilitation for Midline Diastema Closure With Veneers: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e49704. [PMID: 38161886 PMCID: PMC10757758 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The value of having excellent teeth has increased in today's culture, even from a merely cosmetic perspective. There are several ways to address issues that arise in the area of high aesthetic sensitivity. Every modality has its benefits and drawbacks. One of the most aesthetically pleasing restorations is porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs). It has been demonstrated that the use of PLVs to address functional and/or aesthetic issues is a viable treatment option, particularly in the anterior aesthetic zone. As long as suitable procedures and guidelines are followed, these restorations are conservative and long-lasting. A patient with an anterior diastema is the main focus of this case study. This case report is essential for expanding dental knowledge, training dental practitioners, proving the effectiveness of treatments, and directing treatment choices for instances that are comparable to it. PLVs were used on the patient to close the diastema in the anterior maxillary arch and achieve a good cosmetic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna R Sonar
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aarati S Panchbhai
- Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sanket Vaidya
- Conservative Dentistry, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, IND
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5
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Chen CT, Yang B, Yin YX, Wang XD, Zhao K. Maxillary midline diastema closure with sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers: A case series followed 1 to 4 years. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1022-1029. [PMID: 36946620 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical outcome of maxillary midline diastema closure using sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers up to 4 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five female patients with stable maxillary midline diastema were included in the current study and restored with minimal invasive sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers under dental microscope. Esthetic, functional, as well as biologic properties of sectional veneers were evaluated according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria after 1 to 4 years' follow-up. RESULTS Based on FDI criteria, all five cases were evaluated as clinically excellent to satisfactory during a mean observation period of 26.4 months. Slight to moderate cervical marginal staining was observed in two cases after 3 to 4 years' follow-up. Slight white line or ditching of labial surface margin was found in most cases, but it is not easy to be noticed with saliva covering the margins. CONCLUSIONS Sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers presented satisfying clinical outcome with potential long-term esthetic risk for maxillary midline diastema closure. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE 1. Sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers presented satisfying short to medium term clinical performance when applied to close maxillary midline diastema. 2. The exposure of labial surface margin may increase a long-term potential esthetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Ting Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ya-Xiong Yin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Pires LSO, Afonso DG, Fernandes MHFV, de Oliveira JMM. Improvement of Processability Characteristics of Porcelain-Based Formulations Toward the Utilization of 3D Printing Technology. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2023; 10:298-309. [PMID: 37123527 PMCID: PMC10133985 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A study of the feasibility of porcelain-based formulations for 3D printing was performed. Based on commercial materials characterization, the binder jetting process properties requirements were defined. Porcelain powder-based formulations were prepared and evaluated with different binder solutions. The powder-binder formulations were characterized (e.g., particle size distribution and wettability of powder, viscosity and surface tension of liquid binder) and showed some different and similar characteristics when compared with commercial materials. The addition of solid (sodium alginate, sucrose) and liquid (glycerol, ethanol) additives in the powder-binder composition improved the experimental printed tests. The effect of binder composition and operating process parameters (binder saturation level, bleed compensation, and printed layer thickness) was analyzed and optimized to obtain a printed saucer with different designs. Results revealed some limitations related to the materials and the technology, thus justifying the introduction of technological improvements. This study showed the possibility to process industrial porcelain powders by additive manufacturing, paving the way for a new development challenge in the productive process of ceramic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Sofia Oliveira Pires
- EMaRT Group—Emerging: Materials, Research, Technology, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Address correspondence to: Liliana Sofia Oliveira Pires, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal, 449, Santiago de Riba-Ul, Oliveira de Azeméis 3720-509, Portugal
| | - Daniel Gil Afonso
- EMaRT Group—Emerging: Materials, Research, Technology, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
- School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
- TEMA: Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Figueira Vaz Fernandes
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Martinho Marques de Oliveira
- EMaRT Group—Emerging: Materials, Research, Technology, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- School of Design, Management and Production Technologies Northern Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
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Lin SM, Yu YL, Zhong MF, Yang H, Liu Y, Li H, Zhang CY, Zhang ZJ. Preparation of Anorthite/Mullite In Situ and Phase Transformation in Porcelain. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1616. [PMID: 36837244 PMCID: PMC9968105 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A high sintering temperature is required to acquire excellent performance in the production of porcelain but results in high fuel consumption. To prepare the porcelain with outstanding performance at a lower temperature, a self-produced additive containing calcium (CaK) was added into a three-component system of kaolinite-feldspar-quartz. XRD and SEM were used to characterize the samples. The toughening mechanism and Gibbs free energy were investigated. After introducing the CaK, the bending strength of the porcelain fired at 1513 K increased from 56.32 ± 0.65 MPa to 95.31 ± 0.63 MPa, which was 21.83% higher than that of the porcelain without CaK at an optimal firing temperature of 1603 K. The main crystal phase of the sample comprised mullite and quartz in the raw materials at 1453~1603 K. The anorthite was observed at 1453 K and interlocked with needle-shaped mullite at 1513 K in the porcelain after adding CaK, which resulted in the higher bending strength. Quantitative analysis indicated that the amount of anorthite decreased at 1513 K and disappeared at 1543 K; the amount of mullite increased with temperature. The Gibbs free energy of the reaction (CaO•Al2O3•2SiO2 + 2(Al2O3•2SiO2) → 3Al2O3•2SiO2 + CaO + 4SiO2) at high temperature was negative, which suggested that the formation of mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2) from anorthite (CaO•Al2O3•2SiO2) was possible. These findings implied that the addition of CaK contributed to the appropriate phase composition and microstructure, and the excellent performance of the porcelain at a lower temperature. In addition, the transformation between anorthite and mullite was possible in the special raw material system. The results are of interest in producing anorthite/mullite ceramics at reduced sintering temperatures and the conversion between anorthite and mullite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Min Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Ming-Feng Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Chaozhou Three-Circle (Group) Co., Ltd., Chaozhou 515646, China
| | - Hang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Conte S, Molinari C, Ardit M, Cruciani G, Dondi M, Zanelli C. Porcelain versus Porcelain Stoneware: So Close, So Different. Sintering Kinetics, Phase Evolution, and Vitrification Paths. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:171. [PMID: 36614511 PMCID: PMC9821833 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Five porcelain and porcelain stoneware bodies were investigated to compare sintering mechanisms and kinetics, phase and microstructure evolution, and high temperature stability. All batches were designed with the same raw materials and processing conditions, and characterized by optical dilatometry, XRF, XRPD-Rietveld, FEG-SEM and technological properties. Porcelain and porcelain stoneware behave distinctly during sintering, with the convolution of completely different phase evolution and melt composition/structure. The firing behavior of porcelain is essentially controlled by microstructural features. Changes in mullitization create conditions for a relatively fast densification rate at lower temperature (depolymerized melt, lower solid load) then to contrast deformations at high temperature (enhanced effective viscosity by increasing solid load, mullite aspect ratio, and melt polymerization). In porcelain stoneware, the sintering behavior is basically governed by physical and chemical properties of the melt, which depend on the stability of quartz and mullite at high temperature. A buffering effect ensures adequate effective viscosity to counteract deformation, either by preserving a sufficient skeleton or by increasing melt viscosity if quartz is melted. When a large amount of soda-lime glass is used, no buffering effect occurs with melting of feldspars, as both solid load and melt viscosity decrease. In this batch, the persistence of a feldspathic skeleton plays a key role to control pyroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Conte
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Chiara Molinari
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Matteo Ardit
- Department Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cruciani
- Department Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Dondi
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Chiara Zanelli
- CNR-ISSMC, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, 48018 Faenza, Italy
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Colomban P, Gironda M, Simsek Franci G, d’Abrigeon P. Distinguishing Genuine Imperial Qing Dynasty Porcelain from Ancient Replicas by On-Site Non-Invasive XRF and Raman Spectroscopy. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:5747. [PMID: 36013883 PMCID: PMC9412328 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combined use of non-invasive on-site portable techniques, Raman microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy on seven imperial bowls and two decorated dishes, attributed to the reigns of the Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, and Daoguang emperors (Qing Dynasty), allows the identification of the coloring agents/opacifiers and composition types of the glazes and painted enamels. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the elements used in the (blue) marks and those found in the blue, yellow, red, and honey/gilded backgrounds on which, or in reserve, a floral motif is principally drawn. The honey-colored background is made with gold nanoparticles associated with a lead- and arsenic-based flux. One of the red backgrounds is also based on gold nanoparticles, the second containing copper nanoparticles, both in lead-based silicate enamels like the blue and yellow backgrounds. Tin and arsenic are observed, but cassiterite (SnO2) is clearly observed in one of the painted decors (dish) and in A676 yellow, whereas lead (calcium/potassium) arsenate is identified in most of the enamels. Yellow color is achieved with Pb-Sn-Sb pyrochlore (Naples yellow) with various Sb contents, although green color is mainly based on lead-tin oxide mixed with blue enamel. The technical solutions appear very different from one object to another, which leads one to think that each bowl is really a unique object and not an item produced in small series. The visual examination of some marks shows that they were made in overglaze (A608, A616, A630, A672). It is obvious that different types of cobalt sources were used for the imprinting of the marks: cobalt rich in manganese for bowl A615 (Yongzheng reign), cobalt rich in arsenic for bowl A613 (but not the blue mark), cobalt with copper (A616), and cobalt rich in arsenic and copper (A672). Thus, we have a variety of cobalt sources/mixtures. The high purity of cobalt used for A677 bowl indicates a production after ~1830-1850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Colomban
- MONARIS UMR8233, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Gulsu Simsek Franci
- Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), College of Sciences, Rumelifeneri Campus, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey or
| | - Pauline d’Abrigeon
- Musée des Arts d’Extrême-Orient, Fondation Baur, Rue Munier-Romilly 8, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Chari CS, Taylor ZW, Bezur A, Xie S, Faber KT. Nanoscale engineering of gold particles in 18th century Böttger lusters and glazes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120753119. [PMID: 35446687 PMCID: PMC9170166 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120753119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SignificanceThe exploration of gold-based colorants in glass and glazes led Nobel Laureate Richard Zsigmondy to the study of colloids, and to the development, with Henry Siedentopf, of the earliest microscopes capable of resolving such small length scales. Zsigmondy's studies were preceded by alchemical investigations starting in the 17th century that yielded the gold-based Purple of Cassius, and experiments in the early 18th century resulting in an unusual purple iridescent porcelain overglaze, called Böttger luster, at the Meissen Manufactory. We discuss the first nano-scale characterization of Böttger luster, its successful replication, and propose an explanation for its optical properties based on the physics of scattering and interference of nanoparticle arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia S. Chari
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Zane W. Taylor
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
| | - Anikó Bezur
- Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Sujing Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Katherine T. Faber
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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11
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Colomban P. Full Spectral Range Raman Signatures Related to Changes in Enameling Technologies from the 18th to the 20th Century: Guidelines, Effectiveness and Limitations of the Raman Analysis. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15093158. [PMID: 35591492 PMCID: PMC9104039 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the comparison of the Raman signatures of different phases used in underglaze, inglaze and overglaze decors of selected European, Chinese and Japanese porcelains and enameled metalworks, which are particularly representative of technological developments in enameling. Specifically, the article deals with the main structural types or host networks (corundum/hematite, spinels, zircon, cassiterite, pyrochlore, apatite, sphene, etc.) used for colored enamels on porcelain, earthenware or metal rather than considering all types of pigments and opacifiers. According to the results, Raman microspectroscopy allows identifying of the fingerprint spectra of milestone technologies and represents a simple and rapid tool for detecting copies. Particular attention is paid to the information deduced from the examination of the associated 'background' and signatures from electronic transitions induced by uncontrolled traces or voluntary addition of rare earths (luminescence). The relationship between the grinding procedure and Raman signature is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Colomban
- MONARIS UMR8233, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Campus P. et M. Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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12
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Sorrentino R, Ruggiero G, Borelli B, Barlattani A, Zarone F. Dentin Exposure after Tooth Preparation for Laminate Veneers: A Microscopical Analysis to Evaluate the Influence of Operators' Expertise. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15. [PMID: 35268994 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: To assess the quantity of dentin exposure detected by 3 operators with different clinical expertise for 2 designs of tooth preparation for laminate veneers: window (WI) and butt joint (BJ). Methods: 20 intact maxillary central incisors were collected and then prepared for laminate veneers to a depth of 0.6 mm, with a cervical mini-chamfer finish line of 0.3 mm. Each prepared tooth was analyzed by 3 operators with different expertise: undergraduate student (ST), general practitioner (GP), and prosthodontist (PR), at sight under magnification. Besides descriptive statistics (CI 95%), 2-way ANOVA and Games−Howell tests were used to analyze differences among groups (α = 0.05). Results: The means of percentage and area of detected dentin exposure were WI = 30.48%, 21.57 mm2; BJ = 30.99%, 21.97 mm2; ST/WI = 22.82%, 16.44 mm2; GP/WI = 58.05%, 40.64 mm2; PR/WI = 10.55%, 7.63 mm2; ST/BJ = 28.99%, 20.83 mm2; GP/BJ = 40.56%, 28.32 mm2; PR/BJ = 23.42%, 16.75 mm2. Significant differences were found between ST/WI vs. GP/WI (p = 0.005) and GP/WI vs. PR/WI (p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was no difference in detection of exposed dentin among operators with different expertise for BJ preparation, whereas differences were found between the general practitioner and the other 2 operators in WI. Moreover, the quantity of exposed dentin was not related to different tooth preparation designs.
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Wawrzyk A, Łobacz M, Adamczuk A, Sofińska-Chmiel W, Wilczyński S, Rahnama M. The Use of a Diode Laser for Removal of Microorganisms from the Surfaces of Zirconia and Porcelain Applied to Superstructure Dental Implants. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2359. [PMID: 34835484 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study the effectiveness of a diode laser (LD) for removal of microorganisms isolated from porcelain and zirconia crown surfaces used in implantoprosthetics in order to minimize infections around dental implants. In order to optimize biocidal efficacy of the process (at the same time, avoiding increasing the surface roughness during decontamination) the effects of diode laser doses were investigated. The irradiation was performed with a diode laser at the wavelength of λ = 810 nm in three variants with a different number of repetitions (1 × 15 s, 2 × 15 s, 3 × 15 s). The quantitative microbial contamination of the surface of teeth, porcelain and zirconia crowns assessment was made using the culture-dependent method. The identification of microorganisms took place using the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. The studies of the surface morphology and roughness were carried out by means of the optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy with the C1 confocal attachment. The most important conclusion from the research is the fact that the laser operation, regardless of the exposure time, effectively eliminates the microorganisms from the surfaces used for dental implant rebuilding and does not have a destructive effect on the tested material.
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Thakur MK, Mishra AK, Verma T, Thota LB, Saurabh S, Kumar D. To Evaluate the Marginal Adaptation of Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown with Different Base Metal Alloys. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S1315-S1319. [PMID: 35017979 PMCID: PMC8686989 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_137_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The success of any restoration depends on the marginal seal. The adaptation of castings, luting cement, and the surface structures of the margins are all important factors in achieving marginal seal. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the vertical marginal discrepancy of cast copings obtained by employing conventional casting technique with two different base metal alloys with two different finish lines before and after porcelain firing. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of forty wax copings were fabricated with stainless steel die assembly and divided into four groups with ten specimens for each metal and each finish line. Measurements were recorded from coping margin to the stainless steel die margin for vertical marginal gap recordings. Each metal coping was finished, and porcelain application was completed. Copings with porcelain were placed on their respective dies, again subjected to the same measuring microscope for checking the vertical marginal discrepancy by the same operator and results. RESULTS The results of the present study showed that the mean vertical marginal gaps of all the cast copings obtained in each group (G1-G8) were within clinically acceptable limits. The mean vertical marginal gap of G1 was 135.36 ± 2.30 μm, G2 was 67.22 ± 4.25 μm, G3: 39.47 ± 2.98 μm, G4: 71.00 ± 3.97 μm, G5: 109.57 ± 2.98 μm, G6: 109.57 ± 2.98 μm, and G8: 114.58 ± 2.40 μm. CONCLUSION The difference in the vertical marginal gap of cast copings obtained in different groups was statistically highly significant at 0.005 level, while the difference in the vertical marginal gap of cast copings obtained at different points was statistically nonsignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Thakur
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Manoj Kumar Thakur, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa - 822 114, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
| | - Amit Kumar Mishra
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Tanya Verma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Lenin Babu Thota
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sandeep Saurabh
- Department of Pedodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
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15
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Vaska KR, Nakka C, Reddy KM, Chintalapudi SK. Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength between titanium-ceramic and cobalt-chromium-ceramic: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2021; 21:276-280. [PMID: 34380815 PMCID: PMC8425371 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_81_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength between ceramic layered over titanium and ceramic layered over cobalt-chromium alloy, which are used in the fabrication of screw-retained implant prosthesis. Settings and Design In-vitro - Comparative study. Materials and Method A total of 40 samples (20 samples of Titanium in Group 1 and 20 samples of Cobalt-Chromium in Group 2) were fabricated. For all the samples bonding agent was applied on to the sand blasted surface and firing was done at a temperature of 980° C. A layer of opaque was applied using a brush and placed back in the furnace at a temperature of 910° C. Then ceramic was layered on to the surface with putty index as guide and firing was done in the ceramic furnace up to a temperature of 880° C followed by glazing. Shear bond strength was measured using a Universal Testing Machine. Statistical Analyses Used One sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Results Descriptive statistics were done to calculate mean differences between groups and samples. The mean bond strength of titanium- ceramic samples was more than those of cobalt-chromium-ceramic samples. Inferential statistics used in the study were one sample t-test for intra-group comparison and paired sample t-test for inter group comparison which showed no statistically significant difference between the two metal types (P value = 0.163). Conclusion The shear bond strength of ceramic veneered over titanium meets the ISO requirements of minimum shear bond strength between metal-ceramic systems and has achieved the clinically acceptable values. The use of titanium super structure over titanium implants reduces the adverse effects and avoids undesirable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Mahendranath Reddy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, India
| | - Siddesh Kumar Chintalapudi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Telangana, India
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Aliniagerdroudbari E, Ershadinia N, Bagherpor G, Babaniamansour S. A Rare Case of Simultaneous Intrahepatic and Porcelain Gallbladder: Case Report. Int Med Case Rep J 2020; 13:271-274. [PMID: 32765122 PMCID: PMC7371554 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s261103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic gallbladder is a rare anomaly that is due to the failure of gallbladder migration from liver to its proper position. This condition increases the risk of cholelithiasis, hepatic abscess and cholangiocarcinoma. Calcification in the wall of the gallbladder, which is known as porcelain gallbladder, also increases the risk of malignancy. In this report a 47-year-old man presented at the emergency department with continuous right upper quadrant abdominal pain who was misdiagnosed with acute cholecystitis. During abdominal surgery, gallbladder was not detectable in its proper location. Therefore, the patient underwent enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and the results showed an intrahepatic porcelain gallbladder. In order to avoid future complications, intrahepatic gallbladder should always be considered in patients whose physical examination and radiologic findings do not match.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazanin Ershadinia
- Department of Surgery, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Bagherpor
- Department of Surgery, Valiasr Hospital of Qaemshahr, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
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17
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Karaokutan I, Aykent F. Effect of a Home Bleaching Agent on the Ion Elution of Different Esthetic Materials. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:805-813. [PMID: 32557924 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of a 16% carbamide peroxide home bleaching agent on the ion elution of different esthetic restorative materials and to determine if the released ions exceed the minimal risk levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ceramic materials comprising a low-fusing porcelain (Vita VM7), lithium disilicate glass-ceramics (IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD), zirconium substructure materials (IPS e.max ZirCAD and Vita In-Ceram YZ for InLab), and ceromers (Estenia and Tescera ATL) were chosen. Thirty disk-shaped specimens (2 mm thickness and 10 mm diameter) were fabricated from each material and then were divided into 3 experimental groups to receive one of the following solutions: acetic acid (positive control), a bleaching agent and distilled water (negative control) (n = 10/group). For the bleaching agent, the specimens were subjected to a 16% carbamide peroxide solution (VOCO Perfect Bleach) for 2 hours per day for 14 days. A 4% acetic acid solution was applied at 80°C for 16 hours according to the ISO 6872:2015 protocol and specimens of negative control group were immersed in distilled water for 16 hours. Ion elution measurements were conducted with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) after immersion in the solutions, and the weight loss of the materials was measured with a precision scale. Changes in the surface topography were investigated by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results were evaluated using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS Among the specimens tested, the most ion elution was observed in the Tescera ATL group, and the least ion elution was observed in the e.max ZirCAD group in all solutions. Ion elution was found to be greater in the bleaching agent than in the acetic acid and distilled water groups. Sodium was the most released ion, and zinc and lithium were the least released among the elements tested. CONCLUSIONS It should be noted that the bleaching-related ion release may exceed toxic doses even if restorative materials meet ISO 6872 standards, and the materials should be protected before home bleaching to prevent ion elution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Karaokutan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Filiz Aykent
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Al Moaleem MM, AlSanosy R, Al Ahmari NM, Shariff M, Alshadidi AA, Alhazmi HA, Khalid A. Effects of Khat on Surface Roughness and Color of Feldspathic and Zirconia Porcelain Materials under Simulated Oral Cavity Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56050234. [PMID: 32414190 PMCID: PMC7279326 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56050234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Khat chewing is considered as a daily habit that is practiced by more than five million people globally. The effect of khat chewing on the surface roughness and the color stability of natural teeth and the material used in the fabrication of dental prosthesis remains unknown. This study was conducted to explore and compare the effect of khat homogenate (KH) on the surface roughness (Ra) and the average color changes (ΔE*) amongst natural teeth and selected shades from different porcelain types, namely, feldspathic metal ceramic (MC) VM13, computer-aided design/computer assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) feldspathic (Vitablocs Mark II), and multilayer zirconia (Ceramill Zolid PS) porcelains. Materials and Methods: Seventy samples were prepared from natural teeth, feldspathic MC, CAD/CAM Vitablocs Mark II, and zirconia porcelain. The Ra values were measured using a profilometer and expressed in micrometers, whereas the ΔE* values were measured using VITA Easyshade® V spectrophotometer for all samples before and after frequent immersion and thermocycling in KH for 30 days. The surface topography was used to assess the materials surfaces (glazed or polished) after KH immersion by using a white light interferometry machine. Results: Results revealed that the Ra and the ΔE* values of the different types of tested porcelain were influenced by KH. The order of surface roughness values was glazed or polished MC > polished Zircon > polished Vitablocs Mark II > natural teeth. The lowest ΔE* values were recorded for glazed Vitablocs Mark II and MC, and the values could be arranged as polished zircon > natural teeth > glazed zircon > polished MC > polished Vitablocs Mark II. P values were significantly varied (<0.001) among all the tested groups, except the zircon group (>0.05) for both Ra and ΔE*. Conclusions: KH significantly affected both surface parameter and color of glazed or polished porcelain materials and natural teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Al Moaleem
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rashad AlSanosy
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (H.A.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Nasser M. Al Ahmari
- Prosthetic Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Mansoor Shariff
- Prosthetic Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.A.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (H.A.A.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (H.A.A.); (A.K.)
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum 11123, Sudan
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Nassif QK, Alshaarani FF. Influence of porcelain firing on changes in the marginal fit of metal-ceramic fixed partial dental prostheses fabricated with laser sintering: An in vivo study. Dent Med Probl 2020; 57:185-190. [PMID: 32609957 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/114196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marginal fit is the most important criterion in the evaluation of the clinical acceptability of fixed restorations. Due to cement solubility and plaque retention, marginal gaps are potentially harmful to both the teeth and the periodontal tissues. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of the fit of dental metal-ceramic bridges manufactured with the use of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), and to explore the effects of porcelain firing on the marginal, axial and occlusal fit of metal-ceramic frameworks. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 10 patients with 3-unit metal-ceramic restorations produced using the DMLS technique. Using the silicone replica technique, we examined the marginal, axial and occlusal fit of the dental bridges before and after ceramic firing. The Shapiro-Wilks normality test and Student's paired t‑test were implemented to analyze the mean differences in the marginal, axial and occlusal fit of the restorations before and after ceramic firing. A 95% confidence interval (CI) and discrepancy values at the level of 1% and 0.1% (p > 0.05) were applied. RESULTS All the mean values of the measurements of marginal (156.08 μm), axial (95.75 μm) and occlusal (252.83 μm) gaps were lower before ceramic veneering than after ceramic veneering, when the mean value for the marginal gap was 178.17 μm, for the axial gap - 106.75 μm and for the occlusal gap - 266.00 μm. CONCLUSIONS Porcelain firing caused no statistically significant differences in the discrepancy values of marginal, axial and occlusal fit. For clinical application, further improvement of the DMLS system is highly recommended. Marginal gaps in DLSM bridges significantly exceed the permissible inaccuracy values of 100-120 μm for prosthetic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fendi Fendi Alshaarani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Hawash Private University, Homs, Syria
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20
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Tahmasbi S, Shiri A, Badiee M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to porcelain surface using universal adhesive compared to conventional method. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020; 17:19-24. [PMID: 32055289 PMCID: PMC7001566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the increase in demand for orthodontic treatment in adults, bracket bond to restored teeth is a clinical challenge. This study sought to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to feldspathic porcelain using universal adhesive and conventional adhesive with and without silane application. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study Fifty-six feldspathic porcelain discs were roughened by bur, and 9.6% hydrofluoric acid was used for surface preparation. Samples were divided into the following four groups (n = 14): Group 1: universal adhesive, Group 2: universal adhesive/silane, Group 3: conventional adhesive, and Group 4: conventional adhesive/silane. Mandibular central incisor brackets were bonded, and SBS was measured by Instron® machine. To assess the mode of failure, adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was determined. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, and Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05 considered significant). RESULTS The highest SBS was noted in the universal adhesive/silane group (12.7 MP) followed by conventional adhesive/silane (11.9 MP), conventional adhesive without silane (7.6 MP), and universal adhesive without silane (4.4 MP). In the absence of silane, the conventional adhesive yielded significantly higher SBS than universal adhesive (P = 0.03). In the presence of silane, the two adhesives showed SBS values significantly higher than the values obtained when silane was not applied, while the two adhesives were not significantly different in terms of SBS in the presence of silane (P = 0.53). Based on ARI score, there were statistically significant differences between Groups 1 and 4 (P = 0.00) and Groups 2 and 4 (P = 0.023). CONCLUSION Based on the current results, SBS of bracket to porcelain mainly depends on the use of silane rather than the type of adhesive. Both universal and conventional adhesives yield significantly higher SBS in the presence of silane compared to that in the absence of silane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Tahmasbi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Dental School, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Shiri
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Badiee
- Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mohammadreza Badiee, Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:
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21
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Koletsi D, Iliadi A, Eliades T, Eliades G. In Vitro Simulation and In Vivo Assessment of Tooth Wear: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro and Clinical Research. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12213575. [PMID: 31683544 PMCID: PMC6862526 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Tooth wear may be described as a side-effect of occlusal forces that may be further induced by the common use of contemporary prosthetic materials in practice. The purpose of this systematic review was to appraise existing evidence on enamel wear from both in vitro and clinical research and explore whether evidence from these study designs lies on the same direction. Five databases of published and unpublished research were searched without limitations in August 2019 and study selection criteria included in vitro and clinical research on enamel tooth wear. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were done independently and in duplicate. Random effects meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMDs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted while a Monte Carlo permutation test for meta-regression on the exploration of the effect of the study design on the reported outcomes was planned. A total of 27 studies (23 in vitro and 4 clinical) were eligible while 12 contributed to meta-analyses. Overall, some concerns were raised for the quality of the existing evidence and the potential for risk of bias. Enamel wear (mm) of antagonist teeth was more pronounced when opposed to conventional porcelain compared to machinable ceramics (SMD = 2.18; 95%CIs: 1.34, 3.02; p < 0.001). Polished zirconia resulted in decreased volumetric enamel wear (mm3) of opposing teeth compared to pure natural enamel (SMD = –1.06; 95%CIs: –1.73, –0.39; p = 0.002). Monolithic zirconia showed evidence of enhanced potential for antagonist wear (μm) compared to natural teeth (WMD = 107.38; 95%CIs: 30.46, 184.30; p = 0.01). Study design did not reveal an effect on the tooth wear outcome for the latter comparison when both clinical and in vitro studies were considered (three studies; Monte Carlo test, p = 0.66). In conclusion, there is an overriding need for additional evidence from clinical research to substantiate the findings from the already existing laboratory simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Koletsi
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Iliadi
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - George Eliades
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramic crown that fires the layering porcelain on zirconia corping is starting to be used due to aesthetic requirements. However, many ceramics are used, but wear characteristics are often unknown. OBJECTIVE This study was performed to investigate the wear of human enamel by porcelains, and to determine the influence of porcelain hardness, surface roughness and crystal of porcelain on the enamel wear. METHODS Enamel specimens were prepared from extracted human molar teeth. Porcelain specimens were prepared from Deguceram Gold, Vita Omega 900, and Cercon Ceram Kiss. Enamel wear volume was calculated and the porcelain wear depth, surface roughness and Vickers hardness was measured. Moreover, the observation of a crystal by scanning electron microscope and the crystal by X-ray diffraction were identified. RESULTS Omega 900 showed the smallest enamel wear volume and porcelain wear depth. The Vickers hardnesses of Omega 900 and Cercon Ceram Kiss were almost identical. Leucite was detected from Deguceram Gold and Omega 900, and Silica and Silicon Nitride were detected from Cercon Ceram Kiss. CONCLUSIONS The enamel wear is influenced not by the hardness of the porcelain but by the surface roughness, the size and shape of the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Nakamura
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Operative dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuko Shigeta
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takumi Ogawa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Kaya Y, Değirmenci BÜ, Değirmenci A. Comparison of the Shear Bond Strength of Metal Orthodontic Brackets Bonded to Long-term Water-aged and Fresh Porcelain and Composite Surfaces. Turk J Orthod 2019; 32:28-33. [PMID: 30944897 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2019.18034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal orthodontic brackets bonded to long-term water-aged and fresh porcelain and composite surfaces. Methods One porcelain (Vitadur Alpha (VA)) and three composite (Filtek Ultimate (FU), Tetric EvoCeram (TEC), and Gradia Direct Anterior (GDA)) materials were evaluated in the present study. First, 10 discs from each material were prepared and subjected to the aging procedure for 5 years. Then, for comparison, another 10 discs from each material were prepared as fresh surfaces and stored in distilled water for 24 h. Metal brackets were bonded to the prepared disc surfaces, and after being stored in water for 24 h, they were subjected to shear bond test using a universal testing machine. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were obtained by examining the disc surfaces under a stereomicroscope at 10× magnification. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the aged and fresh groups. Results Although the difference between the SBS between the aged and fresh groups with VA, FU, and TEC was not significant, the SBS was significantly higher in the fresh group with GDA. With regard to ARI scores, there was no significant difference between the aged and fresh groups with FU and GDA, whereas the ARI scores of the aged groups with VA and TEC were higher. Conclusion It was concluded that the aged restoration materials have a distinctive influence on the SBS of metal orthodontic brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Kaya
- Department of Orthodontics, Yüzüncü Yıl University School of Dentistry, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Alperen Değirmenci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Yüzüncü Yıl University School of Dentistry, Van, Turkey
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Chew D, Bennani V, Aarts JM, Chandler N, Gray A, Lowe B. Bonding strengths to porcelain: An in vitro study of ultrasonic and conventional tooth preparation and etching. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22:76-81. [PMID: 30820087 PMCID: PMC6385573 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_302_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the bond strength of porcelain to enamel and dentin preparations finished with either ultrasonic instruments or diamond burs, with or without acid etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 140 extracted bovine incisor teeth were divided into two groups, enamel and dentin. A split tooth model was employed: each tooth having a randomly allocated combination of diamond burs, ultrasonic instrument, etching, and no etching treatments on their labial surface. Lithium disilicate glass ceramic specimens were bonded to the prepared surfaces and tensile testing was carried out. Force was applied to failure, and linear mixed models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Etching increased the bond strength of the dentin samples by 7.63 MPa (P < 0.001). When bonding to dentin, ultrasonic instrument preparation produced a 2.88 MPa greater bond strength compared to burs (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Ultrasonic preparation produced greater bond strengths compared to rotary instruments. Etching improved the bond strength of all preparations, with enamel having consistently greater bonding values than dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chew
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Vincent Bennani
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,Address for correspondence: Dr. Vincent Bennani, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. E-mail: vincent.bennani@.otago.ac.nz
| | - John M. Aarts
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Chandler
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Gray
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bronwyn Lowe
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Geminiani A, Chochlidakis K, Hosney S, Corsentino G, Ercoli C. Effect of framework design and firing cycle on the success rate of bilayered zirconia crowns. Quintessence Int 2019; 50:30-39. [PMID: 30411090 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.a41333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of framework design and modification of porcelain firing cycle on the occurrence of fractures of metal-ceramic and bilayered zirconia crowns after cyclic loading. METHOD AND MATERIALS Twenty-four zirconia crowns with two different apicocoronal incisal veneering porcelain lengths (ZS = 2.0 mm and ZL = 4.0 mm) were fabricated. Twenty-four metal-ceramic crowns with the same apicocoronal incisal veneering porcelain lengths (MS = 2.0 mm and ML = 4.0 mm) served as the control. All the specimens (n = 48) were thermally and mechanically cycle-loaded (49 N) for 1,200,000 cycles, and then evaluated for cracks and/or bulk fractures with an optical stereomicroscope (×10). In the second part of the study, the influence of firing cycle modification on the success rate of twenty-four bilayered zirconia crowns was also evaluated. Finally, two specimens from each group (n = 12) were sectioned and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. Load-to-failure of the specimen that did not present bulk fracture was further assessed using a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed with Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS A statistically significant lower occurrence of fractures (P < .05) was found after cyclic loading for bilayered zirconia versus metal-ceramic crowns. Modification of the firing cycle did not significantly influence the outcome after cyclic loading for zirconia bilayered crowns (P > .05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, porcelain-firing cycle with an extended cooling time did not appear to influence the occurrence of cracks and fractures of bilayered zirconia crowns.
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Chakravarthy Y, Clarence S. The effect of red wine on colour stability of three different types of esthetic restorative materials: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:319-323. [PMID: 29899637 PMCID: PMC5977783 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_293_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objective: To evaluate the in vitro effect of red wine on color stability of three different esthetic restorative materials such as nanohybrid composites, conventional restorative glass ionomer cement (GIC), and feldspathic porcelain. Materials and Methods: The color stability of test materials was determined using a spectrophotometer. A total of 30 specimens were prepared (10 from each) from each material on a round metal mold (11 mm diameter and 2 mm deep). The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h for rehydration. Baseline color of all groups was recorded. Specimens of each material were divided into 2 groups of 5 specimens each (n = 5). Two groups include red wine and distilled water as a control. Specimens were then immersed in 25 ml of red wine for 20 min at room temperature everyday for 28 days. Specimens were kept in distilled water for the remaining part of days. After the completion of immersion sequence, the specimens were rinsed with distilled water and blotted dry. Postimmersion color of all specimens was then recorded. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test. Results: The color stability is significantly higher in porcelain than composite and conventional GIC. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the porcelain shows less discoloration than composite and conventional restorative GIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadav Chakravarthy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sonu Clarence
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Karcı M, Demir N, Subaşı MG, Gökkaya M. Shear bond strength of a novel porcelain repair system for different computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing ceramic materials. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 21:507-513. [PMID: 29607866 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_127_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of a novel repair system, Nova Compo SF with Ceramic Repair, Ivoclar, to computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorative materials (IPS e.max CAD and Empress CAD). Materials and Methods The specimens of each CAD/CAM restorative material were randomly divided into two subgroups of nine specimens, using one of two repair systems. All specimens were etched with hydrofluoric acid and rinsed under a water spray for 10 s, then air-dried for 10 s. Next, repair systems were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and then additionally aged for 5000 thermal cycles. A shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine. Each fracture type was examined under a stereomicroscope at ×12.5 magnification. A two-way ANOVA test was used to detect significant differences between the CAD/CAM restorative materials and the composite repair systems. Subgroup analyses were performed using Tukey's honest significant difference. Results No statistically significant differences were observed between the repair systems (P = 0.9). The bond strength values from Empress CAD were statistically higher than those from e.max CAD (P < 0.05). Conclusions Within limitations, SuperFlow may be an alternative to the ceramic repair materials we routinely used in the clinic. Empress CAD can be preferable to e.max CAD in terms of esthetically suitable clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karcı
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - N Demir
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - M G Subaşı
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - M Gökkaya
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Farzin M, Giti R, Asalforush-Rezaiye A. The Effect of Multiple Firings on the Shear Bond Strength of Porcelain to a New Millable Alloy and a Conventional Casting Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E478. [PMID: 29565827 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the effect of multiple firings on the shear bond strength (SBS) of porcelain to the new millable alloy (Ceramill Sintron) and a conventional casting alloy (4-all). Thirty-six cylindrical cores (6.8 × 9 mm) were made of millable and castable alloy through CAD/CAM and casting techniques, respectively (n = 18). In the center of each bar, a 4 × 4 × 2-mm shot of porcelain was fused. Having divided each group into 3 subgroups based on the number of firing cycles (3, 5, 7), the specimens were fixed in a universal testing machine and underwent a shear force test (1.5 mm/min crosshead speed) until fractured. Then the SBS values (MPa) were calculated, and the failure patterns were microscopically characterized as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Two-way ANOVA statistical test revealed that the number of porcelain firings had no significant effect on the SBS of any of the metal groups (p = 0.1); however, it was statistically higher in the millable group than the castable group (p < 0.05). Moreover, detecting the mixed failure pattern in all the specimens implied that the multiple firings had no significant effect on the failure pattern. The multiple porcelain firings had no significant effect on the SBS of porcelain to neither the millable nor castable alloys.
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Abstract
Background: Porcelain fracture is the most important problem in fixed prosthetic restorations. The replacement of fractured restoraions isn’t often prefer by patients and dentists. Intraoral repair of fractured porcelain is a big alternative for patient and dentist. For this reason, dentists try to improve different surface treatments to increase the bond strength between porcelain and repair materials such as composite resins. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of nano-hybrid (Nh.com) and nano-ceramic composite resins (Nc.com) to this feldspathic porcelains (Vita and Ivoclar). Settings and Design: 120 ceramic disc were fabricated from feldspathic porcelain. Materials and Methods: The following surface treatment was applied on the ceramic surface: 1) Hydrofluoric acid+silane, 2) Air-abrasion+silane, 3) Air-abrasion=Control group. Nh.com and Nc.com was placed on the porcelain surface. Half of the specimens were stored in 37 ± 2oC distilled water and another half were subjected to thermocycling before SBS. The samples placed in an universal testing machine and applied shear force until seperation occured. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test (P <0.05). Results: The results show that Ivoclar and Vita had almost equal fracture values. Nh.com showed high bond strength than Nc.com. In the Ivoclar porcelain, hydrofluoric acid etching had highest fracture values than other surface treatments, and in the vita porcelain air-abrasion had a little difference from hydrofluoric acid etching. Conclusions: Different surface treatments show different effect on SBS between feldspathic porcelain and composite resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Özdemir
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Chee HT, Wan Bakar WZ, Ghani ZA, Amaechi BT. Comparison of composite resin and porcelain inlays for restoration of noncarious cervical lesions: An In vitro study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2018; 15:215-219. [PMID: 29922341 PMCID: PMC5958539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Composite resin (CR) currently is one of the most commonly used material in restoring noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) due to its strength and esthetics color but has microleakage problem. The aim of this study is to compare in vitro the microleakage depth between CR and porcelain in restoring NCCL. MATERIALS AND METHODS This an in vitro study was done by preparing cavities on the buccocervical surface of 62 extracted premolar teeth which randomly assigned to two groups (n = 31) where Group 1 was restored with nanocomposite and Group 2 was cemented with porcelain cervical inlays. They were then subjected to thermocycling before immersion in 2% methylene blue dye for 24 h. Dye penetration depths were measured using Leica imaging system For statistical analysis, independent t-test was used to analyze the results (P < 0.05). RESULTS Porcelain cervical inlay restorations demonstrated statistically lesser microleakage depth for the cervical margins (P = 0.018) when compared to CR. Deeper microleakage depth at the cervical compared to coronal margins of CR (P = 0.006) but no significant difference of both margins for porcelain cervical inlays (P = 0.600). CONCLUSION Porcelain cervical inlays show lesser microleakage than CR which could be alternative treatment option in restoring NCCL with better marginal seal and esthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Theng Chee
- Dental Officer, Taman Selasih Dental Clinic, 09000 Kulim, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zaripah Wan Bakar
- Conservative Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Wan Zaripah Wan Bakar, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Zuryati Ab Ghani
- Conservative Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Bennett T. Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Singh A, Ramachandra K, Devarhubli AR. Evaluation and comparison of shear bond strength of porcelain to a beryllium-free alloy of nickel-chromium, nickel and beryllium free alloy of cobalt-chromium, and titanium: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2017; 17:261-266. [PMID: 28936040 PMCID: PMC5601492 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_337_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of porcelain to the alloys of nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), and titanium. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 samples (25 mm × 3 mm × 0.5 mm) were fabricated using smooth casting wax and cast using Ni-Cr, Co-Cr, and titanium alloys followed by porcelain buildup. The samples were divided into four groups with each group containing 10 samples (Group A1–10: sandblasted Ni-Cr alloy, Group B1–10: sandblasted Co-Cr alloy, Group C1–10: nonsandblasted titanium alloy, and Group D1–10: sandblasted titanium alloy). Shear bond strength was measured using a Universal Testing Machine. Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA test and Tukey's honestly significance difference post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Results: The mean shear bond strength values for these groups were 22.8960, 27.4400, 13.2560, and 25.3440 MPa, respectively, with sandblasted Co-Cr alloy having the highest and nonsandblasted titanium alloy having the lowest value. Conclusion: It could be concluded that newer nickel and beryllium free Co-Cr alloys and titanium alloys with improved strength to weight ratio could prove to be good alternatives to the conventional nickel-based alloys when biocompatibility was a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Keerthi Ramachandra
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Achut R Devarhubli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Lundberg K, Wu L, Papia E. The effect of grinding and/or airborne-particle abrasion on the bond strength between zirconia and veneering porcelain: a systematic review. Acta Biomater Odontol Scand 2017. [PMID: 28642927 PMCID: PMC5463334 DOI: 10.1080/23337931.2017.1293486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to make an inventory of current literature on the bond strength between zirconia and veneering porcelain after surface treatment of zirconia by grinding with diamond bur and/or with airborne-particle abrasion. Material and methods: The literature search for the present review was made following recommended guidelines using acknowledged methodology on how to do a systematic review. The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct were used in the present study. Results: Twelve studies were selected. Test methods used in the original studies included shear bond strength (SBS) test, tensile bond strength test, and micro-tensile bond strength test. The majority of studies used SBS. Results showed a large variation within each surface treatment of zirconia, using different grain size, blasting time, and pressure. Conclusions: Airborne-particle abrasion might improve the bond strength and can therefore be considered a feasible surface treatment for zirconia that is to be bonded. Grinding has been recommended as a surface treatment for zirconia to improve the bond strength; however, this recommendation cannot be verified. A standardized test method and surface treatment are required to be able to compare the results from different studies and draw further conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lundberg
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Lindsey Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Evaggelia Papia
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö UniversityMalmöSweden
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Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the radiological parameters from gamma rays due to the uncontrolled disposal of porcelain waste to the environment. Qualitative and quantitative identification of radionuclides in the investigated samples was carried out by means of a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The average activity concentrations of the local porcelain samples were measured as 208.28 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 125.73 Bq/kg for 238U, 84.94 Bq/kg for 232Th and 1033.61 Bq/kg for 40K, respectively. The imported samples had an average activity of 240.57 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 135.56 Bq/kg for 238U, 115.74 Bq/kg for 232Th and 1312.49 Bq/kg for 40K, respectively. Radiological parameters and the radium equivalent Raeq for the investigated samples were calculated. The external and internal hazard indices, representative level index (Iγ), alpha index (Iα), and the exemption level (Ix), were estimated to be higher than the recommended value (unity), while the average activity concentrations for the studied samples were higher than recommended levels. In conclusion, we are concerned that disposal of porcelain in the environment might be a significant hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Morsi
- a Radiation Protection & Civil Defense Department , Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nuclear Research Center , Abu Zaabal , Egypt
| | - Rehab Hegazy
- a Radiation Protection & Civil Defense Department , Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nuclear Research Center , Abu Zaabal , Egypt
| | - Wael Badawy
- a Radiation Protection & Civil Defense Department , Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nuclear Research Center , Abu Zaabal , Egypt.,b Sector of Neutron Activation Analysis and Applied Research, Division of Nuclear Physics , Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research , Dubna , Moscow Region , Russian Federation
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Madani A, Nakhaei M, Karami P, Rajabzadeh G, Salehi S, Bagheri H. Sol-gel dip coating of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia dental ceramic by aluminosilicate nanocomposite as a novel technique to improve the bonding of veneering porcelain. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3215-23. [PMID: 27478376 PMCID: PMC4951059 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of silica and aluminosilicate nanocomposite coating of zirconia-based dental ceramic by a sol-gel dip-coating technique on the bond strength of veneering porcelain to the yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) in vitro. Thirty Y-TZP blocks (10 mm ×10 mm ×3 mm) were prepared and were assigned to four experimental groups (n=10/group): C, without any further surface treatment as the control group; S, sandblasted using 110 μm alumina powder; Si, silica sol dip coating + calcination; and Si/Al, aluminosilicate sol dip coating + calcination. After preparing Y-TZP samples, a 3 mm thick layer of the recommended porcelain was fired on the coated Y-TZP surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis were used to characterize the coating and the nature of the bonding between the coating and zirconia. To examine the zirconia-porcelain bond strength, a microtensile bond strength (μTBS) approach was chosen. FT-IR study showed the formation of silica and aluminosilicate materials. XRD pattern showed the formation of new phases consisting of Si, Al, and Zr in coated samples. SEM showed the formation of a uniform coating on Y-TZP samples. Maximum μTBS values were obtained in aluminosilicate samples, which were significantly increased compared to control and sandblasted groups (P=0.013 and P<0.001, respectively). This study showed that aluminosilicate sol-gel dip coating can be considered as a convenient, less expensive reliable method for improving the bond strength between dental Y-TZP ceramics and veneering porcelain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamsadat Madani
- Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammadreza Nakhaei
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad
| | - Parisa Karami
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad
| | - Sahar Salehi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad
- Department of Material and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Semnan, Semnan
| | - Hossein Bagheri
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Lawaf S, Azizi A, Farzad A, Adimi P. Effect of surface treatments of porcelain on adhesion of Candida albicans. Gen Dent 2016; 64:e1-e4. [PMID: 27367639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface treatment of porcelain is required to minimize the adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces of the restoration. This study sought to assess the effects of 3 different porcelain surface treatments on adhesion of Candida albicans. This in vitro experimental study was conducted on 60 porcelain disks (10 × 3 mm) randomly divided into 4 groups of 15. The nonglazed group received no surface treatment; specimens in the other 3 groups were glazed in the furnace, overglazed with liquid glaze, or polished using a polishing kit. The specimens were washed, sterilized, and separately incubated with 350 µL of Candida albicans suspension for 24 hours. Specimens were then rinsed for 20 seconds and shaken in 1 mL of saline solution for 1 minute, and 20 µL of this suspension was cultured in a plate and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Candida albicans colonies were counted to assess the number of microorganisms adhering to each disk. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Statistically significant differences were found among the 4 groups in terms of C albicans adherence (P = 0.001). The nonglazed porcelain had the highest and the overglazed porcelain had the lowest mean adherence value. No statistically significant difference was noted between glazed and polished specimens. Based on the obtained results, overglazing resulted in the least adhesion of C albicans, and polishing provided a surface as smooth as a glazed surface.
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Behroozian A, Kachoei M, Khatamian M, Divband B. The effect of ZnO nanoparticle coating on the frictional resistance between orthodontic wires and ceramic brackets. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2016; 10:106-11. [PMID: 27429727 PMCID: PMC4945159 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2016.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Any decrease in friction between orthodontic wire and bracket can accelerate tooth movement in the sliding technique and result in better control of anchorage. This study was carried out to evaluate frictional forces by coating orthodontic wires and porcelain brackets with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO). Methods. In this in vitro study, we evaluated a combination of 120 samples of 0.019×0.025 stainless steel (SS) orthodonticwires and 22 mil system edgewise porcelain brackets with and without spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles. Spherical ZnOnanoparticles were deposited on wires and brackets by immersing them in ethanol solution and SEM (scanning electronmicroscope) evaluation confirmed the presence of the ZnO coating. The frictional forces were calculated between the wiresand brackets in four groups: group ZZ (coated wire and bracket), group OO (uncoated wire and bracket), group ZO (coatedwire and uncoated bracket) and group OZ (uncoated wire and coated bracket). Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney andKruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis. Results. The frictional force in ZZ (3.07±0.4 N) was the highest (P <0.05), and OZ (2.18±0.5 N) had the lowest amount of friction (P <0.05) among the groups. There was no significant difference in frictional forces between the ZO and OO groups (2.65±0.2 and 2.70±0.2 N, respectively). Conclusion. Coating of porcelain bracket surfaces with ZnO nanoparticles can decrease friction in the sliding technique,and wire coating combined with bracket coating is not recommended due to its effect on friction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Behroozian
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Kachoei
- Associate Professor, Department Of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masumeh Khatamian
- Professor, Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Baharak Divband
- Researcher, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
AIMS The present study investigated the effect of different surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) of resin cement to zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety zirconia blocks were prepared and divided into 6 groups of 15 by treatment. Group 1 served as the control group, whereas groups 2 and 3 were treated with air abrasion and a universal primer (Monobond plus), respectively. The remaining zirconia copings were treated with a fractional CO2 laser for 10 seconds using 10 W/10 mJ (group 4), 10 w/14 mJ (group 5) or 20 W/10 mJ (group 6). A luting cement (Clearfil SA) was bonded to the treated zirconia surfaces and cured for 40 seconds. SBS was measured with a universal testing machine and the type of bond failure was determined. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in SBS among the study groups (p<0.001). The highest SBS values were observed in the groups treated with the fractional CO2 laser at settings of 20 W/10 mJ (28.1 MPa) or 10 W/14 mJ (27.4 MPa), followed by the specimens treated with the universal primer (22.8 MPa). The control specimens exhibited the lowest SBS (9.4 MPa) among the study groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of failure modes among the groups (p=0.871). CONCLUSIONS The application of fractional CO2 laser can improve bond strength of resin cement to zirconia ceramic, and thus it could be considered as an appropriate alternative to conventional methods of zirconia surface treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Boruziniat
- Assistant Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammadi N, Shakur Shahabi M, Kimyai S, Pournagi Azar F, Ebrahimi Chaharom ME. Shear Bond Strengths of Methacrylate- and Silorane-based Composite Resins to Feldspathic Porcelain using Different Adhesive Systems. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:181-7. [PMID: 26697151 PMCID: PMC4682015 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Use of porcelain as inlays, laminates and metal-ceramic and all-ceramic crowns is common in modern dentistry. The high cost of ceramic restorations, time limitations and difficulty of removing these restorations result in delays in replacing fractured restorations; therefore, their repair is indicated. The aim of the present study was to compare the shear bond strengths of two types of composite resins (methacrylate-based and silorane-based) to porcelain, using three adhesive types. Materials and methods. A total of 156 samples of feldspathic porcelain surfaces were prepared with air-abrasion and randomly divided into 6 groups (n=26). In groups 1-3, Z250 composite resin was used to repair porcelain samples with Ad-per Single Bond 2 (ASB), Clearfil SE Bond (CSB) and Silorane Adhesive (SA) as the bonding systems, afterapplication of silane, respectively. In groups 4-6, the same adhesives were used in the same manner with Filtek Silorane composite resin. Finally, the shear bond strengths of the samples were measured. Two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were used to compare bond strengths between the groups with different adhesives at P<0.05. Results. There were significant differences in the mean bond strength values in terms of the adhesive type (P<0.001). In addition, the interactive effect of the adhesive type and composite resin type had no significant effect on bond strength (P=0.602). Conclusion. The results of the present study showed the highest repair bond strength values to porcelain with both composite resin types with the application of SA and ASB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Mohammadi
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Shakur Shahabi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Kimyai
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pournagi Azar
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
Introduction: Intraoral chair side porcelain repair system is a quick, painless and highly patient acceptable procedure, without removal of restoration or fabrication of new restoration. There are very limited studies conducted to evaluate the shear bond strength of repair systems after different surface treatment. Objectives of Research: The objective of research was to evaluate the shear bond strength of two intraoral porcelain repair systems Clearfil repair system (Kuraray) and Ceramic repair system (Ivoclar) to repair metal-ceramic restoration after three different surface treatment. Materials and Methods: Totally, 120 discs of base metal alloy were fabricated. The opaque, dentine and enamel of ceramic were applied to achieve the uniform thickness. Defect was created, and repair was done using two repair systems after different surface treatment. Shear bond strength was measured. Results: Analysis of variance was utilized. Ceramic repair system after 40% phosphoric acid surface treatment showed the highest mean value and Clearfil repair system after surface treatment with 37% phosphoric acid showed the lowest. The statistical difference was found to be significant between the groups. Conclusion: The shear bond strength of Ceramic repair system with 40% phosphoric acid etching showed highest shear bond strength as compared to other system and surface treatment used in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kalra
- Division of Prosthodontics, Army Dental Centre R and R, New Delhi, India
| | - Murali S Mohan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Army Dental Centre R and R, New Delhi, India
| | - E Mahesh Gowda
- Classified Specialist (Prosthodontics), CMDC, Chandimandir, India
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Patel KA, Mathur S, Upadhyay S. A comparative evaluation of bond strength of feldspathic porcelain to nickel-chromium alloy, when subjected to various surface treatments: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2015; 15:53-7. [PMID: 26929487 PMCID: PMC4762289 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.155036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Study: The purpose was to evaluate the effect of various surface treatments and sandblasting with different particle size on the bond strength of feldspathic porcelain with predominantly base metal alloys, using a universal testing machine. Materials and Methods: Totally, 40 specimen of nickel-chromium alloy were prepared in an induction casting machine. The groups divided were as follows: Group I-sandblasted with 50 μ Al2O3, Group II-sandblasted with 110 μ Al2O3, Group III-sandblasted with 250 μ Al2O3 and Group IV-sandblasted with 250 μ Al2O3, followed by oxidation and again sandblasted with 250 μ Al2O3. The dimensions of each specimen were adjusted so as to maintain the thickness of ceramic at 1 mm. The specimen were loaded on the assembly of the universal testing machine, and a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min was used to apply a compressive force at the junction of metal and feldspathic porcelain. The force application continued until adhesive fracture occurred, and the readings of the load applied to that particular specimen were recorded. Results: The means for shear bond strength for Group I, II, III and IV were found to be (226.92 ± 1.67), (233.16 ± 3.85), (337.81 ± 16.97) and (237.08 ± 4.33), respectively. Means of shear bond strength among the groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance test. Comparison between individual groups were made with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference post-hoc test. Conclusion: Different particle size and surface treatment have an important role on the bond strength of ceramic-metal interface. Greater particle size demonstrated higher bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavan A Patel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridgework, Faculty of Dental Science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
| | - Somil Mathur
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridgework, Faculty of Dental Science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
| | - Snehal Upadhyay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridgework, Faculty of Dental Science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
The repair of a fractured porcelain surface with a resin composite was investigated. The effects of applying an opaque resin to porcelain surfaces, which were silanated by a ceramic primer from a repair kit or by an experimental silane coupling agent, were studied. The porcelain surfaces were silanated for 10 sec and 60 min. Three types of adherents were evaluated: opaque resin with light irradiation (OWL), opaque resin without light irradiation (ONL), and no opaque resin (NAO). The shear bond strengths of the resins to the porcelain surfaces were measured before and after thermocycling. The maximum shear bond strength (6.7 MPa) after thermocycling was observed when the silanating period of the ceramic primer was 60 min. The opaque resin had no effect on the bond strength. Moreover, the bond strength obtained with the experimental silane coupling agent was found to be reduced by only 2 MPa, even after thermocycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ying Chun Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Bonding of molar tubes is becoming more popular in orthodontics. Occasionally, these bonding are done on posterior porcelain crowns or bridges. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of buccal tubes on feldspathic porcelain crowns with two different methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty porcelain right molar crowns were fabricated for this study. The crowns were randomly divided into two groups. In group 1, the crowns were etched with 9.6% hydrofluoric acid, silane coupling agent applied, coated with bonding primer and bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). In group 2, the crowns were etched with phosphoric acid 37%, silane coupling agent applied, coated with bonding primer and bonded with Transbond XT. All the crowns were stored for 24 hours at 37°C and thermo-cycled before the shear bond test. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether significant difference were present between the groups. RESULTS The results of the analysis of variance (F = 0.23) indicated the shear bond strength of group 1 (3.57 ± 0.87 MPa) was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from group 2 (3.46 ± 0.65 Mpa). Fisher's exact test for the adhesive remnant index (ARI) revealed significant difference between both groups (P < 0.05). Eighty percent of group 1 buccal tubes failed at buccal tube/resin interface and eighty percent of group 2 mostly failed at porcelain/resin interface. CONCLUSION Etching with phosphoric acid with the use of silane coupling agent would be safer and should make it easier for clinicians to clean the adhesive on the porcelain surface after debonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Purmal
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad K. Alam
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Prema Sukumaran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Malaya, Malaysia
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Yurdaguven H, Aykor A, Ozel E, Sabuncu H, Soyman M. Influence of a prophylaxis paste on surface roughness of different composites, porcelain, enamel and dentin surfaces. Eur J Dent 2012; 6:1-8. [PMID: 22229001 PMCID: PMC3252807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a prophylaxis paste on surface roughness of different composites, enamel, dentin and porcelain surfaces. METHODS Three different composites (FiltekZ250/Group1, Filtek Supreme XT/Group2, Premise/Group3), enamel/Group4, dentin/Group5 and porcelain/Group6 samples were used in this study. All specimens were prepared flat by SiC discs and polished with a diamond polishing paste. The surface roughness measurements were determined with a profilometer after polishing (initial surface roughness). Prophylaxis paste was applied to the samples for 12 seconds, renewing every 6 seconds. After cleaning the samples, roughness values were measured again. Data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparison test. Wilcoxon test was performed for the comparison of the initial and final surface roughness values (P<.05). The results were evaluated within the P<.05 confidence level. RESULTS The initial and final surface roughness values (μm) were determined as follows: Group1: 0.039±0.009 and 0.157±0.018, Group2: 0.023±0.005 and 0.145±0.027, Group3: 0.028±0.008 and 0.109±0.012, Group4: 0.024±0.006 and 0.071±0.015, Group5: 0.030±0.007 and 0.143±0.029, Group6: 0.024±0.006 and 0.064±0.014. Significant difference was determined between the initial and final values for all groups. CONCLUSIONS Composite and dentin surfaces were more affected by the application of prophylaxis paste than enamel and porcelain surfaces. The prophylaxis paste increased the surface roughness of all groups, but did not reach the bacterial retention roughness rate of 0.2μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haktan Yurdaguven
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, TURKIYE
| | - Arzu Aykor
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, TURKIYE
| | - Emre Ozel
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, TURKIYE.,Corresponding author: Dr. Emre Ozel, Department of Operative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kocaeli, Yuvacik, Kocaeli, TURKIYE. Phone: 0090 262 344 21 11, Fax: 0090 262 344 22 02, E-mail:
| | - Hilmi Sabuncu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, TURKIYE
| | - Mubin Soyman
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, TURKIYE
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