1
|
Bastamy M, Raheel I, Elbestawy A, Diab M, Hammad E, Elebeedy L, El-Barbary AM, Albadrani GM, Abdel-Daim MM, Abdel-Latif MA, Orabi A. Postbiotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of aqueous microbial lysozyme in broiler chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2309955. [PMID: 38323808 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2309955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Lysozymes, efficient alternative supplements to antibiotics, have several benefits in poultry production. In the present study, 120, one-day-old, Ross 308 broiler chickens of mixed sex, were allocated into 2 equal groups, lysozyme treated group (LTG) and lysozyme free group (LFG), to evaluate the efficacy of lysozyme (Lysonir®) usage via both drinking water (thrice) and spray (once). LTG had better (p = 0.042) FCR, and higher European production efficiency factor compared to LFG (p = 0.042). The intestinal integrity score of LTG was decreased (p = 0.242) compared to that of LFG; 0.2 vs. 0.7. Higher (p ≤ 0.001) intestinal Lactobacillus counts were detected in chickens of LTG. Decreased (p ≤ 0.001) IL-1β and CXCL8 values were reported in LTG. The cellular immune modulation showed higher (p ≤ 0.001) opsonic activity (MΦ and phagocytic index) in LTG vs. LFG at 25 and 35 days. Also, higher (p ≤ 0.001) local, IgA, and humoral, HI titers, for both Newcastle, and avian influenza H5 viruses were found in LTG compared to LFG. In conclusion, microbial lysozyme could improve feed efficiency, intestinal integrity, Lactobacillus counts, anti-inflammatory, and immune responses in broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Bastamy
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ismail Raheel
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suief University, Beni-Suief, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elbestawy
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Elbeheira, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Diab
- Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, El Kharga, Egypt
| | - Enas Hammad
- Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute-Mansoura Provincial Lab (AHRI-Mansoura), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Elebeedy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, El Kharga, Egypt
| | - Amal M El-Barbary
- Poultry Breeding Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mervat A Abdel-Latif
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Orabi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khani N, Abedi Soleimani R, Chadorshabi S, Moutab BP, Milani PG, Rad AH. Postbiotics as candidates in biofilm inhibition in food industries. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovad069. [PMID: 37309029 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Food-borne pathogen-related biofilms in food processing environments pose significant risks to human health. To ensure human and environmental safety, natural substances with anti-microbial properties and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status are the future disinfectants of the food industry. The use of postbiotics in food products is gaining attention due to their many benefits. Postbiotics are soluble substances produced by probiotics or released after their lysis, such as bacteriocins, biosurfactants (BSs), and exopolysaccharides (EPS). Postbiotics have drawn attention because of their clear chemical structure, safety dose parameters, long shelf life, and the content of various signaling molecules, which may have anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities. The main mechanisms of postbiotics to combat biofilm contain suppression of twitching motility, disturbing quorum sensing (QS), and reduction of virulence factors. However, there are obstacles to using these compounds in the food matrix because some factors (temperature and pH) can limit the anti-biofilm impact of postbiotics. Therefore, by using encapsulation or application of these compounds in packaging films, the effect of interfering factors can be eliminated. This review summarizes the concept and safety of postbiotics, focusing on their antibiofilm effect, as well as discussing the encapsulation of postbiotics and their application in packaging films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Khani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Abedi Soleimani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Chadorshabi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Pouragha Moutab
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Payam Gonbari Milani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aziz Homayouni Rad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33366581 Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El Jeni R, Villot C, Koyun OY, Osorio-Doblado A, Baloyi JJ, Lourenco JM, Steele M, Callaway TR. Invited review: "Probiotic" approaches to improving dairy production: Reassessing "magic foo-foo dust". J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1832-1856. [PMID: 37949397 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbial consortium in dairy cattle is critical to determining the energetic status of the dairy cow from birth through her final lactation. The ruminant's microbial community can degrade a wide variety of feedstuffs, which can affect growth, as well as production rate and efficiency on the farm, but can also affect food safety, animal health, and environmental impacts of dairy production. Gut microbial diversity and density are powerful tools that can be harnessed to benefit both producers and consumers. The incentives in the United States to develop Alternatives to Antibiotics for use in food-animal production have been largely driven by the Veterinary Feed Directive and have led to an increased use of probiotic approaches to alter the gastrointestinal microbial community composition, resulting in improved heifer growth, milk production and efficiency, and animal health. However, the efficacy of direct-fed microbials or probiotics in dairy cattle has been highly variable due to specific microbial ecological factors within the host gut and its native microflora. Interactions (both synergistic and antagonistic) between the microbial ecosystem and the host animal physiology (including epithelial cells, immune system, hormones, enzyme activities, and epigenetics) are critical to understanding why some probiotics work but others do not. Increasing availability of next-generation sequencing approaches provides novel insights into how probiotic approaches change the microbial community composition in the gut that can potentially affect animal health (e.g., diarrhea or scours, gut integrity, foodborne pathogens), as well as animal performance (e.g., growth, reproduction, productivity) and fermentation parameters (e.g., pH, short-chain fatty acids, methane production, and microbial profiles) of cattle. However, it remains clear that all direct-fed microbials are not created equal and their efficacy remains highly variable and dependent on stage of production and farm environment. Collectively, data have demonstrated that probiotic effects are not limited to the simple mechanisms that have been traditionally hypothesized, but instead are part of a complex cascade of microbial ecological and host animal physiological effects that ultimately impact dairy production and profitability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R El Jeni
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - C Villot
- Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France, 31069
| | - O Y Koyun
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - A Osorio-Doblado
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - J J Baloyi
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - J M Lourenco
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - M Steele
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - T R Callaway
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jäger R, Purpura M, Davis J, Keratsopoulos N, Parra ME, Secrest AH, Tinsley GM, Taylor L. Glycoprotein Matrix Zinc Exhibits Improved Absorption: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1012. [PMID: 38613045 PMCID: PMC11013578 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of minerals via glycosylation by microorganisms such as yeast and/or probiotics yields nutrients bound to a food matrix, resulting in increased bioavailability. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of glycoprotein matrix-bound zinc (GPM) on absorption compared to inorganic zinc oxide. Sixteen participants ingested 11 mg of zinc as either GPM™ Soy-Free Zinc (GPM, Ashland, Kearny, NJ, USA) or zinc oxide (USP). Blood samples were taken at 0 (i.e., baseline), 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, and 480 min post-ingestion. GPM zinc concentrations were significantly higher at 120 min (p = 0.02; 12.4 ± 5.1 mcg/dL), 180 min (p = 0.002; 16.8 ± 5.1 mcg/dL), and 240 min (p = 0.007; 14.6 ± 5.1 mcg/dL) in comparison to USP zinc oxide. In addition, GPM zinc significantly increased iAUC by 40% (5840 ± 2684 vs. 4183 ± 1132 mcg/dL * 480 min, p = 0.02), and Cmax values were 10% higher in GPM compared to USP (148 ± 21 mcg/dL vs. 135 ± 17.5 mcg/dL, p = 0.08). Tmax was 12% slower in GPM compared to USP (112.5 ± 38.7 min vs. 127.5 ± 43.1 min); however, differences in Tmax failed to reach statistical significance (p = 0.28). Zinc bound to a glycoprotein matrix significantly increased absorption compared to zinc oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (R.J.); (M.P.)
| | - Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (R.J.); (M.P.)
| | - Jaci Davis
- Human Performance Lab, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (J.D.); (N.K.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Nikolas Keratsopoulos
- Human Performance Lab, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (J.D.); (N.K.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Mandy E. Parra
- Human Performance Lab, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (J.D.); (N.K.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Ariane H. Secrest
- School of Health Professions, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA;
| | - Grant M. Tinsley
- Energy Balance & Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Lem Taylor
- Human Performance Lab, School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA; (J.D.); (N.K.); (M.E.P.)
- School of Health Professions, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX 76513, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jansseune SCG, Lammers A, van Baal J, Blanc F, van der Laan MHP, Calenge F, Hendriks WH. Diet composition influences probiotic and postbiotic effects on broiler growth and physiology. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103650. [PMID: 38555756 PMCID: PMC10998222 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary ingredient and nutrient composition may affect the efficacy of additives in broilers. Specific feed ingredients can represent dietary challenging conditions for broilers, resulting in impaired performances and health, which might be alleviated by dietary probiotics and postbiotics. We assessed the effects of a Lactobacilli probiotic (Pro) and postbiotic (Post) when added to a standard (SD) and challenge (CD) diet. A completely randomized block study with 2 diets (SD, CD) and 3 additive conditions (Control, Pro and Post) involving 1,368 one-day-old Ross male broilers, equally distributed among 36 pens, from d1 to d42 was conducted. Both diets were formulated to contain identical levels of nutrients, with CD formulated to be richer than SD in nonstarch polysaccharides using rye and barley as ingredients. Readout parameters included growth performance parameters, footpad lesions score, blood minerals and biochemical parameters, and tibia health, strength, and composition. Compared to SD, CD decreased BW (1,936 vs. 2,033 g; p = 0.001), increased FCR (p < 0.01) and impaired tibia health and strength (p < 0.05) at d35, thereby confirming the challenging effect of CD. Pro and Post increased BW in CD (+4.7 and +3.2%, respectively, at d35; P < 0.05) but not in the SD group, without affecting FCR. Independently of the diet, Pro increased plasma calcium, phosphorus and uric acid at d21 (+6.2, +7.4, and +15.5%, respectively) and d35 (+6.6, +6.2 and +21.0%, respectively) (P < 0.05) while Post increased plasma magnesium only at d21 (+11.3%; P = 0.037). Blood bile acids were affected by additives in an age- and diet-dependent manner, with some opposite effects between dietary conditions. Diet composition modulated Pro and Post effects on broiler growth performance. Additionally, Pro and Post affected animal metabolism and leg health diet-dependently for some but not all investigated parameters. Our findings show that the effects of pro- and postbiotics on the growth performance and physiology of broilers can be dependent on diet composition and thus possibly other factors affecting diet characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C G Jansseune
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Adaptation and Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Idena, Sautron, France.
| | - Aart Lammers
- Adaptation and Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jürgen van Baal
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Fany Blanc
- Adaptation and Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Fanny Calenge
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Wouter H Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yan R, Zeng X, Shen J, Wu Z, Guo Y, Du Q, Tu M, Pan D. New clues for postbiotics to improve host health: a review from the perspective of function and mechanisms. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38450745 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Strain activity and stability severely limit the beneficial effects of probiotics in modulating host health. Postbiotics have emerged as a promising alternative as they can provide similar or even enhanced efficacy to probiotics, even under inactivated conditions. This review introduces the ingredients, preparation, and identification techniques of postbiotics, focusing on the comparison of the advantages and limitations between probiotics and postbiotics based on their mechanisms and applications. Inactivation treatment is the most significant difference between postbiotics and probiotics. We highlight the use of emerging technologies to inactivate probiotics, optimize process conditions to maintain the activity of postbiotics, or scale up their production. Postbiotics have high stability which can overcome unfavorable factors, such as easy inactivation and difficult colonization of probiotics after entering the intestine, and are rapidly activated, allowing continuous and rapid optimization of the intestinal microecological environment. They provide unique mechanisms, and multiple targets act on the gut-organ axis, co-providing new clues for the study of the biological functions of postbiotics. We summarize the mechanisms of action of inactivated lactic acid bacteria, highlighting that the NF-κB and MAPK pathways can be used as immune targeting pathways for postbiotic modulation of host health. Generally, we believe that as the classification, composition, and efficacy mechanism of postbiotics become clearer they will be more widely used in food, medicine, and other fields, greatly enriching the dimensions of food innovation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiamin Shen
- Zhejiang Shenjinji Food Technology Co., LTD, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiwei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Maolin Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Q, Li XJ, Xie W, Su ZA, Qin GM, Yu CH. Postbiotics: emerging therapeutic approach in diabetic retinopathy. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359949. [PMID: 38500583 PMCID: PMC10946205 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent microvascular complication in diabetic patients that poses a serious risk as it can cause substantial visual impairment and even vision loss. Due to the prolonged onset of DR, lengthy treatment duration, and limited therapeutic effectiveness, it is extremely important to find a new strategy for the treatment of DR. Postbiotic is an emerging dietary supplement which consists of the inactivate microbiota and its metabolites. Numerous animal experiments have demonstrated that intervention with postbiotics reduces hyperglycemia, attenuates retinal peripapillary and endothelial cell damage, improves retinal microcirculatory dysfunction, and consequently delays the progression of DR. More strikingly, unlike conventional probiotics and prebiotics, postbiotics with small molecules can directly colonize the intestinal epithelial cells, and exert heat-resistant, acid-resistant, and durable for storage. Despite few clinical significance, oral administration with postbiotics might become the effective management for the prevention and treatment of DR. In this review, we summarized the basic conception, classification, molecular mechanisms, and the advances in the therapeutic implications of postbiotics in the pathogenesis of DR. Postbiotics present great potential as a viable adjunctive therapy for DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-An Su
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Ming Qin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Animal Laboratory Center, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duysburgh C, Miclotte L, Green JB, Watts KT, Sardi MI, Chakrabarti A, Khafipour E, Marzorati M. Saccharomyces cerevisiae derived postbiotic alters gut microbiome metabolism in the human distal colon resulting in immunomodulatory potential in vitro. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358456. [PMID: 38410391 PMCID: PMC10895063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The yeast-based postbiotic EpiCor is a well-studied formulation, consisting of a complex mixture of bioactive molecules. In clinical studies, EpiCor postbiotic has been shown to reduce intestinal symptoms in a constipated population and support mucosal defense in healthy subjects. Anti-inflammatory potential and butyrogenic properties have been reported in vitro, suggesting a possible link between EpiCor's gut modulatory activity and immunomodulation. The current study used a standardized in vitro gut model, the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®), to obtain a deeper understanding on host-microbiome interactions and potential microbiome modulation following repeated EpiCor administration. It was observed that EpiCor induced a functional shift in carbohydrate fermentation patterns in the proximal colon environment. Epicor promoted an increased abundance of Bifidobacterium in both the proximal and distal colon, affecting overall microbial community structure. Co-occurrence network analysis at the phylum level provided additional evidence of changes in the functional properties of microbial community promoted by EpiCor, increasing positive associations between Actinobacteria with microbes belonging to the Firmicutes phylum. These results, together with a significant increase in butyrate production provide additional support of EpiCor benefits to gut health. Investigation of host-microbiome interactions confirmed the immunomodulatory potential of the applied test product. Specific microbial alterations were observed in the distal colon, with metabotyping indicating that specific metabolic pathways, such as bile acid and tryptophan metabolism, were affected following EpiCor supplementation. These results, especially considering many effects were seen distally, further strengthen the position of EpiCor as a postbiotic with health promoting functionality in the gut, which could be further assessed in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Massimo Marzorati
- ProDigest BV, Ghent, Belgium
- Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Layús BI, Gómez MA, Cazorla SI, Rodriguez AV. A Postbiotic Formulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL 759 Attenuates Endotoxin Induced Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38335476 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2310173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a cell-free supernatant from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL 759, in phosphate buffer modified according to Sorensen called POF-759. METHODS The activity of POF-759 administered by means of eye drops was evaluated on animals subcutaneously injected with the lipopolysaccharide animals in which uveitis was induced by a subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (EIU). Clinical signs of ocular inflammation, cytokines and proteins were examined in the aqueous humor. Additionally, cellular infiltration was evaluated by histopathological analysis. RESULTS The new postbiotic administered locally decreases signs of ocular damage, the number of infiltrating cells in the anterior and posterior chambers, the proinflammatory mediators and the proteins in the aqueous humor on mice with EIU. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an impetus to relieve ocular inflammation and to identify and develop preventive and therapeutic approaches, to avoid deterioration and to maintain healthy eyes on inflammatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Ivana Layús
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Alejandra Gómez
- Servicio de Oftalomolgía, Hospital Ángel C. Padilla, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Silvia Inés Cazorla
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ana Virginia Rodriguez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bu L, Li Y, Wang C, Jiang Y, Suo H. Preventive effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601 and its postbiotic elements on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342705. [PMID: 38374921 PMCID: PMC10876090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial-based therapies are one of the hotspots in the field of ulcerative colitis research. The lactic acid bacteria and their postbiotics occupy a key position in microbial therapies, however, the mechanism by which they alleviate ulcerative colitis in mice is unknown. We investigated the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601 (Lr-0601) and its postbiotics on male Kunming mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that Lr-0601 significantly alleviated the deterioration of UC and restored the expression of intestinal mechanical barrier proteins. In addition, Lr-0601 significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the body and regulated the expression of key regulatory genes of the NF-κB-iNOS/COX-2 signaling pathway in colon tissues to a large extent. Our results suggest that supplementation with Lr-0601 and its postbiotics can effectively prevent DSS-induced UC and have a beneficial effect on intestinal health, which also provides new insights and research bases for the prevention as well as the treatment of ulcerative colitis and other diseases related to intestinal barrier dysfunction and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linli Bu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Modern “Chuan Cai Yu Wei” Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Modern “Chuan Cai Yu Wei” Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
García-Vicente EJ, Benito-Murcia M, Martín M, Rey-Casero I, Pérez A, González M, Alonso JM, Risco D. Evaluation of the Potential Effect of Postbiotics Obtained from Honey Bees against Varroa destructor and Their Combination with Other Organic Products. Insects 2024; 15:67. [PMID: 38249073 PMCID: PMC10816111 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The Varroa destructor mite infests Apis mellifera colonies and causes significant harm. Traditional treatments have become less effective because of mite resistance development and can also generate residues inside beehives. This study aimed to gauge the efficacy of a beehive-derived postbiotic in reducing V. destructor viability and to explore its synergies with organic compounds. Four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus helsingborgensis, Bacillus velezensis, and Apilactobacillus kunkeei, were isolated and tested in a postbiotic form (preparations of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components) via bioassays. L. mesenteroides, L. helsingborgensis, and B. velezensis notably reduced the mite viability compared to the control, and they were further tested together as a single postbiotic product (POS). Further bioassays were performed to assess the impact of the POS and its combinations with oxalic acid and oregano essential oil. The simple products and combinations (POS/Oregano, POS/Oxalic, Oregano/Oxalic, and POS/Oregano/Oxalic) decreased the mite viability. The most effective were the oxalic acid combinations (POS/Oregano/Oxalic, Oxalic/Oregano, POS/Oxalic), showing significant improvements compared to the individual products. These findings highlight the potential of combining organic products as a vital strategy for controlling V. destructor infection. This study suggests that these combinations could serve as essential tools for combating the impact of mites on bee colonies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo José García-Vicente
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Animal Medicine, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10001 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - María Benito-Murcia
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - María Martín
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Ismael Rey-Casero
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Ana Pérez
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - María González
- Neobéitar S.L., Av. de Alemania, 6 1ºB, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (M.M.); (I.R.-C.); (A.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Juan Manuel Alonso
- Department of Animal Health, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10001 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - David Risco
- Department of Animal Medicine, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10001 Cáceres, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rätsep M, Kilk K, Zilmer M, Kuus L, Songisepp E. A Novel Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum Strain with Pleiotropic Effects. Microorganisms 2024; 12:174. [PMID: 38258000 PMCID: PMC10818833 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are gaining increasing interest among the scientific community as well as at the level of food processing enterprises. The aim of this preliminary study was to characterise the metabolic diversity of a novel Bifidobacterium longum strain, BIOCC 1719, of human origin. The change after 24 h cultivation in three media was assessed using a metabolomic approach. Milk-based substrates favoured the activity of the strain, promoting the production of B vitamins, essential amino acids, bile acids, and fatty acids. Vitamins B1, B2, B6, B7, and B12 (with an average increase of 20-30%) were produced in both whole milk and whey; the increased production in the latter was as high as 100% for B7 and 744% for B12. The essential amino acids methionine and threonine were produced (>38%) in both milk and whey, and there was an increased production of leucine (>50%) in milk and lysine (126%) in whey. Increases in the content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by 20%, deoxycholic acid in milk and whey (141% and 122%, respectively), and cholic acid (52%) in milk were recorded. During the preliminary characterisation of the metabolic diversity of the novel B. longum strain, BIOCC 1719, we identified the bioactive compounds produced by the strain during fermentation. This suggests its potential use as a postbiotic ingredient to enrich the human diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merle Rätsep
- BioCC OÜ, Riia St. 181A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (M.R.)
| | - Kalle Kilk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liina Kuus
- BioCC OÜ, Riia St. 181A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (M.R.)
| | - Epp Songisepp
- BioCC OÜ, Riia St. 181A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fang S, Fan X, Xu S, Gao S, Wang T, Chen Z, Li D. Effects of dietary supplementation of postbiotic derived from Bacillus subtilis ACCC 11025 on growth performance, meat yield, meat quality, excreta bacteria, and excreta ammonia emission of broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103444. [PMID: 38489886 PMCID: PMC10951546 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to explore the impact of dietary supplementation with a postbiotic derived from Bacillus subtilis ACCC 11025 on growth performance, meat yield, meat quality, excreta bacterial populations, and excreta ammonia emissions of broiler chicks. A total of 480 day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks, initially weighing 52.83 ± 1.38 g, were randomly allocated into 4 distinct groups. Each group was housed in 6 separate cages, each containing 20 birds. The experimental phase spanned 42 d, divided into 2 periods (d 1-21 and d 22-42). Dietary interventions were based on a basal diet, with postbiotic supplementation at levels of 0.000, 0.015, 0.030, or 0.045%. Our findings indicate that dietary supplementation with postbiotic had a positive influence on body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency. The most substantial improvements in BWG and feed efficiency were observed in the group of broiler chicks fed a diet containing 0.015% postbiotic. Furthermore, the inclusion of postbiotic in the diet led to an increase in the yield of breast and leg muscles, with a significant difference in meat yields observed between the control group and the group receiving 0.015% postbiotic supplementation. It's noteworthy that dietary manipulation did not exert any discernible impact on the quality of breast and leg muscle samples. Concurrently, we observed an elevation in serum albumin and total protein contents corresponding to the increasing postbiotic dosage in the diet. Additionally, dietary supplementation with postbiotic effectively controlled the emission of ammonia from excreta and reduced the abundance of Salmonella in excreta while enhancing the presence of Lactobacillus bacteria. The group receiving 0.015% postbiotic supplementation displayed the lowest levels of ammonia emission and the highest counts of Lactobacillus bacteria in excreta. In light of these results, we conclude that dietary supplementation with 0.015% postbiotic represents an efficacious strategy for increasing BWG and meat yield of broiler chicks by enhancing feed efficiency as well as mitigating ammonia emissions from excreta by modulating the composition of excreta bacterial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Fang
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Xinyan Fan
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Suixin Xu
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Shenyang Gao
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Tieliang Wang
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Desheng Li
- College of Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Zoonoses, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lyu Q, Chen RA, Chuang HL, Zou HB, Liu L, Sung LK, Liu PY, Wu HY, Chang HY, Cheng WJ, Wu WK, Wu MS, Hsu CC. Bifidobacterium alleviate metabolic disorders via converting methionine to 5'-methylthioadenosine. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2300847. [PMID: 38439565 PMCID: PMC10936671 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns and corresponding gut microbiota profiles are associated with various health conditions. A diet rich in polyphenols, primarily plant-based, has been shown to promote the growth of probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, subsequently reducing the risk of metabolic disorders in the host. The beneficial effects of these bacteria are largely due to the specific metabolites they produce, such as short-chain fatty acids and membrane proteins. In this study, we employed a metabolomics-guided bioactive metabolite identification platform that included bioactivity testing using in vitro and in vivo assays to discover a bioactive metabolite produced from probiotic bacteria. Through this approach, we identified 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) as a probiotic bacterial-derived metabolite with anti-obesity properties. Furthermore, our findings indicate that MTA administration has several regulatory impacts on liver functions, including modulating fatty acid synthesis and glucose metabolism. The present study elucidates the intricate interplay between dietary habits, gut microbiota, and their resultant metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rou-An Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bai Zou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lihong Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kang Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Srivastava S, Basak U, Naghibi M, Vijayakumar V, Parihar R, Patel J, Jadon PS, Pandit A, Dargad RR, Khanna S, Kumar S, Day R. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of live Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 (ES1) and heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 (HT-ES1) in participants with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2338322. [PMID: 38630015 PMCID: PMC11028008 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2338322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
To determine the efficacy of the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 (ES1) and postbiotic heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 (HT-ES1) in improving symptom severity in adults with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 200 participants split into three groups was carried out. Two capsules of either ES1, HT-ES1 or placebo were administered orally, once daily, for 84 days (12 weeks). The primary outcome was change in total IBS-Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) score from baseline, compared to placebo. Secondary outcome measures were stool consistency, quality of life, abdominal pain severity and anxiety scores. Safety parameters and adverse events were also monitored. The change in IBS-SSS scores from baseline compared to placebo, reached significance in the ES1 and HT-ES1 group, on Days 28, 56 and 84. The decrease in mean IBS-SSS score from baseline to Day 84 was: ES1 (-173.70 [±75.60]) vs placebo (-60.44 [±65.5]) (p < .0001) and HT-ES1 (-177.60 [±79.32]) vs placebo (-60.44 [±65.5]) (p < .0001). Secondary outcomes included changes in IBS-QoL, APS-NRS, stool consistency and STAI-S and STAI-T scores, with changes from baseline to Day 84 being significant in ES1 and HT-ES1 groups, compared to the placebo group. Both ES1 and HT-ES1 were effective in reducing IBS-D symptom severity, as evaluated by measures such as IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL, APS-NRS, stool consistency, and STAI, in comparison to the placebo. These results are both statistically significant and clinically meaningful, representing, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first positive results observed for either a probiotic or postbiotic from the same strain, in this particular population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Srivastava
- Clinical Development & Science Communications, Vedic Lifesciences Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - U Basak
- Clinical Development & Science Communications, Vedic Lifesciences Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, India
| | - M Naghibi
- Medical Department, ADM Health & Wellness, London, UK
| | - V Vijayakumar
- Medical Department, ADM Health & Wellness, London, UK
| | - R Parihar
- Gastroenterology Department, Gastroplus Digestive Disease Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - J Patel
- Gastroenterology Department, Apex Gastro Clinic and Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
| | - PS Jadon
- Medicine Department, Jaipur National University Institute for Medical Science & Research Centre, Jaipur, India
| | - A Pandit
- General Surgery Department, United Multispeciality Hospital, Maharashtra, India
| | - RR Dargad
- Medicine Department, Lilavati Hospital & Research Centre, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Khanna
- Gastroenterology Department, Criticare Asia Multispeciality hospital, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Kumar
- Independent Biostatistical Consultant, Delhi, India
| | - R Day
- Medical Department, ADM Health & Wellness, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Balaguer F, Barrena M, Enrique M, Maicas M, Álvarez B, Tortajada M, Chenoll E, Ramón D, Martorell P. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2107. [PMID: 38136226 PMCID: PMC10740966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased globally in recent decades, driving interest in maintaining a healthy life that includes preservation of physical and mental abilities, particularly in elderly people. The gut microbiome becomes increasingly perturbed with aging so the use of probiotics can be a strategy for maintaining a balanced gut microbiome. A previous report showed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ induces through its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) fat reduction activities via the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway. Here, we have delved into the mechanism of action, eliminating alternative pathways as putative mechanisms. Furthermore, we have identified that BPL1™, its heat treated form (BPL1™ HT) and its LTA prolong longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in an insulin/IGF-1-dependent mechanism, and its consumption improves the oxidative stress response, gut permeability and protection against pathogenic infections. Furthermore, positive effects on C. elegans stress-related behaviors and in the Alzheimer's Disease model were found, highlighting the potential of the strain in improving the cognitive functions and proteotoxicity in the nematode. These results indicate the pivotal role of the IGF-1 pathway in the activity of the strain and pave the way for potential applications of BPL1™, BPL1™ HT and its LTA in the field of longevity and age-related markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Martorell
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health & Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain (M.B.); (M.E.); (M.T.); (E.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Domínguez-Díaz C, Avila-Arrezola KE, Rodríguez JA, del-Toro-Arreola S, Delgado-Rizo V, Fafutis-Morris M. Recombinant p40 Protein Promotes Expression of Occludin in HaCaT Keratinocytes: A Brief Communication. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2913. [PMID: 38138057 PMCID: PMC10745755 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of epithelial barriers to perform as the first defense line against external damage derives from tight junctions, protein complexes that block microorganisms through the paracellular space. Indeed, disturbances of barrier permeability caused by bacterial metabolites and other inflammatory stimuli are the consequence of changes in protein expression in these complexes. Postbiotics, molecules derived from bacteria with beneficial effects on the host, improve barrier function through the activation of survival pathways in epithelial cells. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG secretes the muramidase p40, which protects intestinal barriers through an EGFR-dependent pathway. In this work, we cloned, expressed, and purified the recombinant p40 protein from L. rhamnosus GR-1 to evaluate its effect on cell viability, cell cytotoxicity, TEER, and protein levels of tight junctions, as well as EGFR activation via Western blot on HaCaT keratinocytes subjected to LPS. We found a novel mutation at residue 368 that does not change the structure of p40. Our protein also reduces the LPS-induced increase in cell cytotoxicity when it is added prior to this stimulus. Furthermore, although LPS did not cause changes in barrier function, p40 increased TEER and occludin expression in HaCaT, but unlike previous work with p40 from LGG, we found that recombinant p40 did not activate EGFR. This suggests that recombinant p40 enhances epithelial barrier function through distinct signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Domínguez-Díaz
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Department, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Immunology and Dermatology Research Center (CIINDE), Zapopan 45190, Mexico;
| | | | - Jorge A. Rodríguez
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Zapopan 45019, Mexico;
| | - Susana del-Toro-Arreola
- Physiology Department, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (S.d.-T.-A.); (V.D.-R.)
| | - Vidal Delgado-Rizo
- Physiology Department, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (S.d.-T.-A.); (V.D.-R.)
| | - Mary Fafutis-Morris
- Immunology and Dermatology Research Center (CIINDE), Zapopan 45190, Mexico;
- Physiology Department, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (S.d.-T.-A.); (V.D.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Christodoulou C, Skourtis A, Kyriakaki P, Satolias FF, Karabinas D, Briche M, Salah N, Zervas G, Mavrommatis A, Tsiplakou E. The Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Probiotic and Postbiotic Yeast Products on Ewes Milk Performance and Immune Oxidative Status. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1139. [PMID: 38132740 PMCID: PMC10744422 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of yeast products as feed additives has been proven to beneficially affect animal productivity through energy, oxidative, and immune status improvement. This study evaluated a combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae live yeast (LY) with yeast postbiotics (rich in mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and beta-glucans) and selenium (Se)-enriched yeast on ewes' milk performance and milk quality, energy and oxidative status, and gene expression related to their immune system during the peripartum period. Ewes were fed a basal diet (BD; F:C = 58:42 prepartum and 41:59 postpartum) including inorganic Se (CON; n = 27), the BD supplemented with a LY product, and inorganic Se (AC; n = 29), as well as the combination of the LY, a product of yeast fraction rich in MOS and beta-glucans, and organic-Se-enriched yeast (ACMAN; n = 26) from 6 weeks prepartum to 6 weeks postpartum. The β-hydroxybutyric acid concentration in the blood of AC and ACMAN ewes was lower (compared to the CON) in both pre- and postpartum periods (p < 0.010). Postpartum, milk yield was increased in the AC and ACMAN Lacaune ewes (p = 0.001). In addition, the activity of superoxide dismutase (p = 0.037) and total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.034) measured via the 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) method was increased in the blood plasma of the ACMAN postpartum. Higher ABTS values were also found (p = 0.021), while protein carbonyls were reduced (p = 0.023) in the milk of the treated groups. The relative transcript levels of CCL5 and IL6 were downregulated in the monocytes (p = 0.007 and p = 0.026 respectively), and those of NFKB were downregulated in the neutrophils of the ACMAN-fed ewes postpartum (p = 0.020). The dietary supplementation of ewes with yeast postbiotics rich in MOS and beta-glucans, and organic Se, improved energy status, milk yield and some milk constituents, and oxidative status, with simultaneous suppression of mRNA levels of proinflammatory genes during the peripartum period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Christodoulou
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexis Skourtis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Panagiota Kyriakaki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Fotis Fokion Satolias
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Dimitris Karabinas
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Maxime Briche
- Phileo by Lesaffre, 59700 Marcq en Baroeul, Nord, France; (M.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Nizar Salah
- Phileo by Lesaffre, 59700 Marcq en Baroeul, Nord, France; (M.B.); (N.S.)
| | - George Zervas
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexandros Mavrommatis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Eleni Tsiplakou
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (C.C.); (A.S.); (P.K.); (F.F.S.); (D.K.); (G.Z.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Babic M, Veljovic K, Popović N, Golic N, Radojkovic D, Stankovic M. Antioxidant effect of lactic acid bacteria in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad257. [PMID: 37951288 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic lung diseases are a major and increasing global health problem, commonly caused by cigarette smoke. We aimed to explore the antioxidant effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against cigarette smoke in bronchial epithelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The antioxidant effects of 21 heat-killed (HK) LAB strains were tested in cigarette smoke-stimulated BEAS-2B cells and 3-D bronchospheres organoids. We showed that HK Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGPKM22 possesses antioxidant activity against cigarette smoke, resistance to hydrogen peroxide, and free radical neutralizing activity. We demonstrated that HK BGPKM22 inhibited cigarette smoke-induced expression of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) genes. The cell-free supernatant (SN) of BGPKM22 fully confirmed the effects of HK BGPKM22. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we revealed that HK and SN of Lactip. plantarum BGPKM22 possess antioxidant activity and modulate AhR and Nrf2 gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Babic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Group for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Katarina Veljovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Nikola Popović
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Natasa Golic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Dragica Radojkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Group for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Marija Stankovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Group for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Saeed M, Afzal Z, Afzal F, Khan RU, Elnesr SS, Alagawany M, Chen H. Use of Postbiotic as Growth Promoter in Poultry Industry: A Review of Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:1111-1127. [PMID: 37969321 PMCID: PMC10636223 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Health-promoting preparations of inanimate microorganisms or their components are postbiotics. Since probiotics are sensitive to heat and oxygen, postbiotics are stable during industrial processing and storage. Postbiotics boost poultry growth, feed efficiency, intestinal pathogen reduction, and health, making them acceptable drivers of sustainable poultry production. It contains many important biological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory responses. Postbiotics revealed promising antioxidant effects due to higher concentrations of uronic acid and due to some enzyme's production of antioxidants, e.g., superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidases and peroxidases. Postbiotics improve intestinal villi, increase lactic acid production, and reduce Enterobacteriaceae and fecal pH, all of which lead to a better immune reaction and health of the gut, as well as better growth performance. P13K/AKT as a potential target pathway for postbiotics-improved intestinal barrier functions. Similarly, postbiotics reduce yolk and plasma cholesterol levels in layers and improve egg quality. It was revealed that favorable outcomes were obtained with various inclusion levels at 1 kg and 0.5 kg. According to several studies, postbiotic compounds significantly increased poultry performance. This review article presents the most recent research investigating the beneficial results of postbiotics in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu
University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zoya Afzal
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of
Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang
University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture
Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty
of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of
Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Huayou Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu
University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McCuaig B, Goto Y. Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15644. [PMID: 37958628 PMCID: PMC10647581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and brain. Commensal bacteria can affect the immune status of the host through a stimulation of the innate immune system, training of the adaptive immune system, and competitive exclusion of pathogens. Commensal bacteria improve immune response through the production of immunomodulating compounds such as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and secondary bile acids. The microbiome, especially when in dysbiosis, is plastic and can be manipulated through the introduction of beneficial bacteria or the adjustment of nutrients to stimulate the expansion of beneficial taxa. The complex nature of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ecosystem complicates the use of these methods, as similar treatments have various results in individuals with different residential microbiomes and differential health statuses. A more complete understanding of the interaction between commensal species, host genetics, and the host immune system is needed for effective microbiome interventions to be developed and implemented in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonita McCuaig
- Project for Host-Microbial Interactions in Symbiosis and Pathogenesis, Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Goto
- Project for Host-Microbial Interactions in Symbiosis and Pathogenesis, Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Division of Pandemic and Post-Disaster Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Division of Infectious Disease Vaccine R&D, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Giordani B, Parolin C, Abruzzo A, Foschi C, Marangoni A, Luppi B, Vitali B. Limosilactobacillus vaginalis Exerts Bifidogenic Effects: A Novel Postbiotic Strategy for Infant Prebiotic Supplementation. Nutrients 2023; 15:4433. [PMID: 37892507 PMCID: PMC10609882 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infant microbiota shaping strictly influences newborns' well-being and long-term health, and babies born by cesarean-section and formula-fed generally show low microbial gut diversity and are more prone to develop various disorders. The supplementation with beneficial microbes of vaginal origin or derivatives (postbiotics, including heat-inactivated cells) represents a valid strategy to drive the correct gut microbiota shaping. Here, we explored for the first time the bifidogenic activity of a heat-killed vaginal strain (Limosilactobacillus vaginalis BC17), in addition to the assessment of its safety. L. vaginalis BC17 whole genome was sequenced by Nanopore technology and highlighted the absence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors, indicating the strain safety profile for human health. MIC values confirmed that L. vaginalis BC17 is susceptible to widely employed antibiotics. Heat-killed BC17 cells significantly enhanced the planktonic growth of Bifidobacterium spp. For the first time, stimulating effects were observed also toward biofilm formation of bifidobacteria and their pre-formed biofilms. Conversely, heat-killed BC17 cells exerted antibacterial and anti-biofilms activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Lyophilized heat-killed BC17 cells were formulated in a sunflower oil suspension (1010 heat-killed cell/g) intended for infant oral intake. This possessed optimal technological (i.e., re-dispersibility and stability) and functional properties (i.e., bifidogenic activity) that were maintained even after pre-digestion in acidic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Giordani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (A.A.); (B.L.); (B.V.)
| | - Carola Parolin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (A.A.); (B.L.); (B.V.)
| | - Angela Abruzzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (A.A.); (B.L.); (B.V.)
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.M.)
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Barbara Luppi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (A.A.); (B.L.); (B.V.)
| | - Beatrice Vitali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (B.G.); (A.A.); (B.L.); (B.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
López-Gómez L, Alcorta A, Abalo R. Probiotics and Probiotic-like Agents against Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1487. [PMID: 37888098 PMCID: PMC10607965 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy has allowed many patients to survive, but not without risks derived from its adverse effects. Drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, methotrexate, and others, as well as different drug combinations trigger intestinal mucositis that may cause or contribute to anorexia, pain, diarrhea, weight loss, systemic infections, and even death. Dysbiosis is a hallmark of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea, and, therefore, strategies aimed at modulating intestinal microbiota may be useful to counteract and prevent those dreadful effects. This narrative review offers an overview of the studies performed to test the efficacy of probiotics and probiotic-like agents against chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and its consequences. Microbiota modulation through the oral administration of different probiotics (mainly strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), probiotic mixtures, synbiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics has been tested in different animal models and in some clinical trials. Regulation of dysbiosis, modulation of epithelial barrier permeability, anti-inflammatory effects, modulation of host immune response, reduction of oxidative stress, or prevention of apoptosis are the main mechanisms involved in their beneficial effects. However, the findings are limited by the great heterogeneity of the preclinical studies and the relative lack of studies in immunocompromised animals, as well as the scarce availability of results from clinical trials. Despite this, the results accumulated so far are promising. Hopefully, with the aid of these agents, intestinal mucositis will be less impactful to the cancer patient in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Alexandra Alcorta
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cheng Y, Lee C, Lee M, Hsu H, Lin J, Huang C, Watanabe K. Effects of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 on exercise performance, fatigue, and muscle growth in healthy male adults. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15835. [PMID: 37816697 PMCID: PMC10564709 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10 (TWK10) has beneficial probiotic effects, improves exercise endurance performance, regulates body composition, and mitigates aging-related problems in mice and humans. Here, we investigated the effects of heat-killed TWK10 on exercise endurance performance, muscle weight and strength, fatigue, and body composition in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Thirty healthy males aged 20-40 years were assigned to the Control group or heat-killed TWK10 group (TWK10-HK) in a balanced order according to each individual's initial maximal oxygen uptake. After 6-week administration, the exercise endurance time in the TWK10-HK was significantly increased (p = 0.0028) compared with that in the Control group. The grip strength on the right and left hands of the subjects was significantly increased (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0140, respectively) in the TWK10-HK compared with that in the Control group. Administration of heat-killed TWK10 resulted in a significant increase (p = 0.0275) in muscle weight. After 6-week administration, serum lactate, and ammonia levels were significantly lower in the TWK10-HK group than in the Control group during the exercise and recovery periods. These findings demonstrate that heat-killed TWK10 has significant potential to be used as a postbiotic for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Chen Cheng
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH IncorporationKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Chia Lee
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH IncorporationKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Mon‐Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports ScienceNational Taiwan Sport UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Han‐Yin Hsu
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH IncorporationKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jin‐Seng Lin
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH IncorporationKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports ScienceNational Taiwan Sport UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH IncorporationKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Animal Science and TechnologyNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sepordeh S, Jafari AM, Bazzaz S, Abbasi A, Aslani R, Houshmandi S, Rad AH. Postbiotic as Novel Alternative Agent or Adjuvant for the Common Antibiotic Utilized in the Food Industry. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023:CPB-EPUB-134454. [PMID: 37702234 DOI: 10.2174/1389201025666230912123849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a serious public health problem as it causes previously manageable diseases to become deadly infections that can cause serious disability or even death. Scientists are creating novel approaches and procedures that are essential for the treatment of infections and limiting the improper use of antibiotics in an effort to counter this rising risk. OBJECTIVE With a focus on the numerous postbiotic metabolites formed from the beneficial gut microorganisms, their potential antimicrobial actions, and recent associated advancements in the food and medical areas, this review presents an overview of the emerging ways to prevent antibiotic resistance. RESULTS Presently, scientific literature confirms that plant-derived antimicrobials, RNA therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, vaccines, nanoantibiotics, haemofiltration, predatory bacteria, immunotherapeutics, quorum-sensing inhibitors, phage therapies, and probiotics can be considered natural and efficient antibiotic alternative candidates. The investigations on appropriate probiotic strains have led to the characterization of specific metabolic byproducts of probiotics named postbiotics. Based on preclinical and clinical studies, postbiotics with their unique characteristics in terms of clinical (safe origin, without the potential spread of antibiotic resistance genes, unique and multiple antimicrobial action mechanisms), technological (stability and feasibility of large-scale production), and economic (low production costs) aspects can be used as a novel alternative agent or adjuvant for the common antibiotics utilized in the production of animal-based foods. CONCLUSION Postbiotic constituents may be a new approach for utilization in the pharmaceutical and food sectors for developing therapeutic treatments. Further metabolomics investigations are required to describe novel postbiotics and clinical trials are also required to define the sufficient dose and optimum administration frequency of postbiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sama Sepordeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Bazzaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Aslani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sousan Houshmandi
- Department of Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aziz Homayouni Rad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dini I, Mancusi A. Weight Loss Supplements. Molecules 2023; 28:5357. [PMID: 37513229 PMCID: PMC10384751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Being overweight or obese can predispose people to chronic diseases and metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer, which are costly public health problems and leading causes of mortality worldwide. Many people hope to solve this problem by using food supplements, as they can be self-prescribed, contain molecules of natural origin considered to be incapable of causing damage to health, and the only sacrifice they require is economic. The market offers supplements containing food plant-derived molecules (e.g., primary and secondary metabolites, vitamins, and fibers), microbes (probiotics), and microbial-derived fractions (postbiotics). They can control lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, reduce appetite (interacting with the central nervous system) and adipogenesis, influence intestinal microbiota activity, and increase energy expenditure. Unfortunately, the copious choice of products and different legislation on food supplements worldwide can confuse consumers. This review summarizes the activity and toxicity of dietary supplements for weight control to clarify their potentiality and adverse reactions. A lack of research regarding commercially available supplements has been noted. Supplements containing postbiotic moieties are of particular interest. They are easier to store and transport and are safe even for people with a deficient immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancusi
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
López P, Spano G. Editorial: Industrial and health applications of lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites, volume II. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1242253. [PMID: 37469431 PMCID: PMC10352913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1242253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma López
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Spano
- Department of Agriculture Food Natural Science Engineering, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang CL, Chu HF, Wu CC, Deng FS, Wen PJ, Chien SP, Chao CH, Chen YT, Lu MK, Tsai YC. Exopolysaccharide is the potential effector of Lactobacillus fermentum PS150, a hypnotic psychobiotic strain. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1209067. [PMID: 37469436 PMCID: PMC10352126 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1209067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychobiotics are a class of probiotics that confer beneficial effects on the mental health of the host. We have previously reported hypnotic effects of a psychobiotic strain, Lactobacillus fermentum PS150 (PS150), which significantly shortens sleep latency in experimental mice, and effectively ameliorate sleep disturbances caused by either caffeine consumption or a novel environment. In the present study, we discovered a L. fermentum strain, GR1009, isolated from the same source of PS150, and found that GR1009 is phenotypically distinct but genetically similar to PS150. Compared with PS150, GR1009 have no significant hypnotic effects in the pentobarbital-induced sleep test in mice. In addition, we found that heat-killed PS150 exhibited hypnotic effects and altered the gut microbiota in a manner similar to live bacteria, suggesting that a heat-stable effector, such as exopolysaccharide (EPS), could be responsible for these effects. Our comparative genomics analysis also revealed distinct genetic characteristics in EPS biosynthesis between GR1009 and PS150. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy imaging showed a sheet-like EPS structure in PS150, while GR1009 displayed no apparent EPS structure. Using the phenol-sulfate assay, we found that the sugar content value of the crude extract containing EPS (C-EPS) from PS150 was approximately five times higher than that of GR1009, indicating that GR1009 has a lower EPS production activity than PS150. Through the pentobarbital-induced sleep test, we confirmed the hypnotic effects of the C-EPS isolated from PS150, as evidenced by a significant reduction in sleep latency and recovery time following oral administration in mice. In summary, we utilized a comparative approach to delineate differences between PS150 and GR1009 and proposed that EPS may serve as a key factor that mediates the observed hypnotic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lin Huang
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Chu
- Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Shao-Ping Chien
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bleibel L, Dziomba S, Waleron KF, Kowalczyk E, Karbownik MS. Deciphering psychobiotics' mechanism of action: bacterial extracellular vesicles in the spotlight. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1211447. [PMID: 37396391 PMCID: PMC10309211 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The intake of psychobiotic bacteria appears to be a promising adjunct to neuropsychiatric treatment, and their consumption may even be beneficial for healthy people in terms of mental functioning. The psychobiotics' mechanism of action is largely outlined by the gut-brain axis; however, it is not fully understood. Based on very recent studies, we provide compelling evidence to suggest a novel understanding of this mechanism: bacterial extracellular vesicles appear to mediate many known effects that psychobiotic bacteria exert on the brain. In this mini-review paper, we characterize the extracellular vesicles derived from psychobiotic bacteria to demonstrate that they can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate to the brain, and carry the intracellular content to exert beneficial multidirectional action. Specifically, by regulating epigenetic factors, extracellular vesicles from psychobiotics appear to enhance expression of neurotrophic molecules, improve serotonergic neurotransmission, and likely supply astrocytes with glycolytic enzymes to favor neuroprotective mechanisms. As a result, some data suggest an antidepressant action of extracellular vesicles that originate even from taxonomically remote psychobiotic bacteria. As such, these extracellular vesicles may be regarded as postbiotics of potentially therapeutic application. The mini-review is enriched with illustrations to better introduce the complex nature of brain signaling mediated by bacterial extracellular vesicles and indicates knowledge gaps that require scientific exploration before further progress is made. In conclusion, bacterial extracellular vesicles appear to represent the missing piece of the puzzle in the mechanism of action of psychobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layla Bleibel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Szymon Dziomba
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Leyrolle Q, Prado-Perez L, Layé S. The gut-derived metabolites as mediators of the effect of healthy nutrition on the brain. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1155533. [PMID: 37360297 PMCID: PMC10289296 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1155533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is now well recognized to be an environmental factor which positively or negatively influences the risk to develop neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gut microbiota has recently been shown to be an important actor mediating the relationship between environmental factors, including nutrition, and brain function. While its composition has been widely studied and associated with the risk of brain diseases, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the gut and brain diseases remain to be explored. The wide range of bioactive molecules produced by the gut microbiota, called gut-derived metabolites (GDM), represent new players in the gut to brain interactions and become interesting target to promote brain health. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight some GDMs of interest that are produced in response to healthy food consumption and to summarize what is known about their potential effects on brain function. Overall, GDMs represent future useful biomarkers for the development of personalized nutrition. Indeed, their quantification after nutritional interventions is a useful tool to determine individuals' ability to produce microbiota-derived bioactive compounds upon consumption of specific food or nutrients. Moreover, GDMs represent also a new therapeutic approach to counteract the lack of response to conventional nutritional interventions.
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu Y, Hu A, Shu X, Huang W, Zhang R, Xu Y, Yang C. Lactobacillus plantarum postbiotics trigger AMPK-dependent autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1336-1353. [PMID: 37052047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously found that Lactobacillus plantarum (LP)-derived postbiotics protected animals against Salmonella infection, but the molecular mechanism remains obscure. This study clarified the mechanisms from the perspective of autophagy. Intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) were pretreated with LP-derived postbiotics (the culture supernatant, LPC; or heat-killed bacteria, LPB), and then challenged with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST). Results showed that LP postbiotics markedly triggered autophagy under ST infection, as indicated by the increased LC3 and Beclin1 and the decreased p62 levels. Meanwhile, LP postbiotics (particularly LPC) exhibited a strong capacity of inhibiting ST adhesion, invasion and replication. Pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) led to a significant decrease of autophagy and the aggravated infection, indicating the importance of autophagy in LP postbiotics-mediated Salmonella elimination. LP postbiotics (especially LPB) significantly suppressed ST-induced inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines (the increased interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18). Furthermore, LP postbiotics inhibited NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, as evidenced by the decreased levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Deficits in autophagy resulted in an increase of inflammatory response and inflammasome activation. Finally, we found that both LPC and LPB triggered AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to induce autophagy, and this was further confirmed by AMPK RNA interference. The intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome were aggravated after AMPK knockdown. In summary, LP postbiotics trigger AMPK-mediated autophagy to suppress Salmonella intracellular infection and NLRP3 inflammasome in IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of postbiotics, and provide a new strategy for preventing Salmonella infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aixin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Huuskonen L, Anglenius H, Ahonen I, Tiihonen K. Effects of Bacterial Lysates and Metabolites on Collagen Homeostasis in TNF-α-Challenged Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1465. [PMID: 37374969 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During skin aging, the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as type I collagen, decreases and the synthesis of ECM-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) rises, leading to an imbalance in homeostasis and to wrinkle formation. In this study, we examined the effects of bacterial lysates and metabolites from three bifidobacteria and five lactobacilli on collagen homeostasis in human dermal fibroblasts during challenge with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), modeling an inflammatory condition that damages the skin's structure. Antiaging properties were measured, based on fibroblast cell viability and confluence, amount of type I pro-collagen, ratio of MMP-1 to type I pro-collagen, cytokines, and growth factors. The TNF-α challenge increased the MMP-1/type I pro-collagen ratio and levels of proinflammatory cytokines, as expected. With the probiotics, differences were clearly dependent on bacterial species, strain, and form. In general, the lysates elicited less pronounced responses in the biomarkers. Of all strains, the Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis strains Bl-04 and B420 best maintained type I pro-collagen production and the MMP-1/collagen type I ratio under no-challenge and challenge conditions. Metabolites that were produced by bifidobacteria, but not their lysates, reduced several proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) during the challenge, whereas those from lactobacilli did not. These results indicate that B. animalis ssp. lactis-produced metabolites, especially those of strains Bl-04 and B420, could support collagen homeostasis in the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Huuskonen
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - Heli Anglenius
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | | | - Kirsti Tiihonen
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thomas M, Serrenho RC, Puga SO, Torres JM, Puga SO, Stangaferro M. Effect of feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product to Holstein cows exposed to high temperature and humidity conditions on milk production performance and efficiency-A pen-level trial. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00289-8. [PMID: 37268565 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) on milk production efficiency of Holstein cows naturally exposed to high temperature and humidity conditions. The study was conducted in 2 commercial farms in Mexico from July to October 2020 and included 1 wk covariate period, 3 wk adaptation, and 12 wk data collection. Cows [n = 1,843; ≥21 d in milk (DIM) and <100 d carried calf] were enrolled and assigned to the study pens (n = 10) balanced for parity, milk yield, and DIM. Pens were fed a total mixed ration diet either without (CTRL) or with SCFP (19 g/d, NutriTek, Diamond V). Milk yield, energy-corrected milk (ECM), milk components, linear somatic cell score, dry matter intake (DMI), feed efficiency (FE; Milk/DMI and ECM/DMI), body condition score, and the incidence of clinical mastitis, pneumonia, and culling were monitored. Statistical analyses included mixed linear and logistic models accounting for repeated measures (when applicable; multiple measurements per cow within treated pens) with pen as the experimental unit and treatment, time (week of study), parity (1 vs. 2+), and their interactions as fixed and pen nested within farm and treatment as random effect. Parity 2+ cows within pens fed SCFP produced more milk than cows within CTRL pens (42.1 vs. 41.2 kg/d); there were no production differences between groups of primiparous groups. Cows within SCFP pens had lower DMI (25.2 vs. 26.0 kg/d) and greater FE (1.59 vs. 1.53) and ECM FE (1.73 vs. 1.68) than cows within CTRL pens. Milk components, linear somatic cell score, health events, and culling were not different between groups. At the end of the study (245 ± 54 DIM), SCFP cows had greater body condition score than CTRL (3.33 vs. 3.23 in the first parity; 3.11 vs. 3.04 in 2+ parity cows). Feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products to lactating cows exposed to high temperature and humidity conditions improved FE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Thomas
- Dairy Health and Management Services, Lowville, NY 13367
| | | | | | | | | | - M Stangaferro
- Dairy Health and Management Services, Lowville, NY 13367.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Koziol SA, Oba PM, Soto-Diaz K, Steelman AJ, Suchodolski JS, Eckhardt ERM, Swanson KS. Effects of a Lactobacillus Fermentation Product on the Fecal Characteristics, Fecal Microbial Populations, Immune Function, and Stress Markers of Adult Dogs. J Anim Sci 2023:7174090. [PMID: 37208000 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure the effects of a Lactobacillus fermentation product (LBFP) on fecal characteristics and microbiota, blood biomarkers, immune function, and serum oxidative stress markers of adult dogs. Thirty adult beagle dogs [23 M, 7 F; mean age = 8.47±2.65 y old; mean BW = 15.43±4.17 kg] were used in a completely randomized design study. All dogs were fed a basal diet to maintain BW for 5 wk, followed by baseline blood and fecal sample collections. Dogs remained on the same diet, but then were randomly assigned to a placebo (dextrose) or LBFP supplement (Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii). Treatments were both dosed at 4 mg/kg BW via gelatin capsule for 5 wk (n=15/treatment). Fecal and blood samples were collected at that time. Change from baseline data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4, with P<0.05 being significant and P<0.10 being trends. Most circulating metabolites and immunoglobulins (Ig) were unaltered by treatment, but LBFP-supplemented dogs had lower changes in serum corticosteroid isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05), alanine aminotransferase (P<0.10), and IgM (P<0.10) than controls. The change in fecal scores tended to be lower (P=0.068) in LBFP-supplemented dogs than controls, signifying firmer feces in LBFP-supplemented dogs. Regarding the fecal microbiota, alpha diversity indicators tended to be higher (P=0.087) in LBFP-supplemented dogs than controls. One fecal bacterial phylum (Actinobacteriota) was altered by treatments, with its relative abundance tending to have a greater (P<0.10) increase in controls than LBFP-supplemented dogs. Fifteen bacterial genera were altered (P<0.05 or P<0.10) by treatments, including relative abundances of fecal Peptoclostridium, Sarcina, and Faecalitalea that had a greater (P<0.05) increase in controls than LBFP-supplemented dogs. In contrast, relative abundances of fecal Faecalibaculum, Bifidobacterium, and uncultured Butyricicoccaceae had a greater (P≤0.05) increase in LBFP-supplemented dogs than controls. After wk 5, dogs underwent transport stress (45 min vehicle ride) to assess oxidative stress markers. The change in serum superoxide dismutase after transport had a greater (P<0.0001) increase in LBFP-supplemented dogs than controls. Our data suggest that LBFP may provide benefits to dogs by stabilizing stool quality, beneficially shifting fecal microbiota, and protecting against oxidative damage when subjected to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Koziol
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Patricia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Katiria Soto-Diaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Andrew J Steelman
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ozma MA, Moaddab SR, Hosseini H, Khodadadi E, Ghotaslou R, Asgharzadeh M, Abbasi A, Kamounah FS, Aghebati Maleki L, Ganbarov K, Samadi Kafil H. A critical review of novel antibiotic resistance prevention approaches with a focus on postbiotics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37203933 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2214818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue, causing illnesses that were once easily treatable with antibiotics to develop into dangerous infections, leading to substantial disability and even death. To help fight this growing threat, scientists are developing new methods and techniques that play a crucial role in treating infections and preventing the inappropriate use of antibiotics. These effective therapeutic methods include phage therapies, quorum-sensing inhibitors, immunotherapeutics, predatory bacteria, antimicrobial adjuvants, haemofiltration, nanoantibiotics, microbiota transplantation, plant-derived antimicrobials, RNA therapy, vaccine development, and probiotics. As a result of the activity of probiotics in the intestine, compounds derived from the structure and metabolism of these bacteria are obtained, called postbiotics, which include multiple agents with various therapeutic applications, especially antimicrobial effects, by using different mechanisms. These compounds have been chosen in particular because they don't promote the spread of antibiotic resistance and don't include substances that can increase antibiotic resistance. This manuscript provides an overview of the novel approaches to preventing antibiotic resistance with emphasis on the various postbiotic metabolites derived from the gut beneficial microbes, their activities, recent related progressions in the food and medical fields, as well as concisely giving an insight into the new concept of postbiotics as "hyperpostbiotic".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Asghari Ozma
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Reza Moaddab
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsaneh Khodadadi
- Material Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas-Fayetteville, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fadhil S Kamounah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Khudaverdi Ganbarov
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Butrungrod W, Chaiyasut C, Makhamrueang N, Peerajan S, Chaiyana W, Sirilun S. Postbiotic Metabolite of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PD18 against Periodontal Pathogens and Their Virulence Markers in Biofilm Formation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051419. [PMID: 37242661 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative methods to reduce infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens and their virulence factors, biofilm formations, have arisen to reduce the pressure on existing or currently developed disinfectants and antimicrobial agents. The current strategies for reducing the severity of periodontal pathogen-caused disease by using beneficial bacteria and their metabolites are highly desirable. Probiotic strains of lactobacilli related to foods from Thai-fermented foods were selected and their postbiotic metabolites (PM) were isolated with inhibitory activity on periodontal pathogens and their biofilm formation. The PM from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PD18 (PD18 PM) with the highest antagonistic effect against Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella loescheii was selected from 139 Lactobacillus isolates. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) values of PD18 PM against the pathogens ranged from 1:2 to 1:4. The PD18 PM demonstrated the ability to prevent the biofilm formation of S. mutans and P. gingivalis by showing a significant reduction in viable cells, high percentages of biofilm inhibition at 92.95 and 89.68%, and the highest effective contact times at 5 and 0.5 min, respectively. L. plantarum PD18 PM showed potential as a promising natural adjunctive agent to inhibit periodontal pathogens and their biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Widawal Butrungrod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Netnapa Makhamrueang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Furone F, Bellomo C, Carpinelli M, Nicoletti M, Hewa-Munasinghege FN, Mordaa M, Mandile R, Barone MV, Nanayakkara M. The protective role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG postbiotic on the alteration of autophagy and inflammation pathways induced by gliadin in intestinal models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1085578. [PMID: 37215707 PMCID: PMC10192745 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1085578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by an abnormal immune response to gliadin peptides in genetically predisposed individuals. For people with CD, the only available therapy thus far is the lifelong necessity for a gluten-free diet (GFD). Innovative therapies include probiotics and postbiotics as dietary supplements, both of which may benefit the host. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible beneficial effects of the postbiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in preventing the effects induced by indigested gliadin peptides on the intestinal epithelium. In this study, these effects on the mTOR pathway, autophagic function, and inflammation have been evaluated. Furthermore, in this study, we stimulated the Caco-2 cells with the undigested gliadin peptide (P31-43) and with the crude gliadin peptic-tryptic peptides (PTG) and pretreated the samples with LGG postbiotics (ATCC 53103) (1 × 108). In this study, the effects induced by gliadin before and after pretreatment have also been investigated. The phosphorylation levels of mTOR, p70S6K, and p4EBP-1 were increased after treatment with PTG and P31-43, indicating that the intestinal epithelial cells responded to the gliadin peptides by activating the mTOR pathway. Moreover, in this study, an increase in the phosphorylation of NF-κβ was observed. Pretreatment with LGG postbiotic prevented both the activation of the mTOR pathway and the NF-κβ phosphorylation. In addition, P31-43 reduced LC3II staining, and the postbiotic treatment was able to prevent this reduction. Subsequently, to evaluate the inflammation in a more complex intestinal model, the intestinal organoids derived from celiac disease patient biopsies (GCD-CD) and controls (CTR) were cultured. Stimulation with peptide 31-43 in the CD intestinal organoids induced NF-κβ activation, and pretreatment with LGG postbiotic could prevent it. These data showed that the LGG postbiotic can prevent the P31-43-mediated increase in inflammation in both Caco-2 cells and in intestinal organoids derived from CD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Furone
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Bellomo
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Carpinelli
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Nicoletti
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Majed Mordaa
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Mandile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Merlin Nanayakkara
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Paediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pakbin B, Allahyari S, Dibazar SP, Zolghadr L, Chermahini NK, Brück WM, Brück TB, Mahmoudi R. Effects of Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii Supernatant on Viability, Nano-Mechanical Properties of Cytoplasmic Membrane and Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Human Gastric Cancer AGS Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097945. [PMID: 37175663 PMCID: PMC10178855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer has been recognized as the second most probable cause of death in humans from cancer diseases around the world. Postbiotics, supernatant, and metabolites from probiotic microorganisms have recently been used widely to prevent and treat cancer diseases in humans, without any undesirable side effects. This study explores the antiproliferative and antitumor activities of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii supernatant (SBS) against AGS cancer cells, a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line. METHODS We evaluated cell growth inhibitory and mechanical properties of the cytoplasmic membrane and the downregulation of survivin and proinflammatory genes in AGS cells treated with SBS after 24 and 48 h. RESULTS SBS significantly inhibits the AGS cell growth, and the concentrations with IC50 values after 24 and 48 h treatments are measured as 2266 and 1956 µg/mL, respectively. Regarding the AFM images and Young`s modulus analysis, SBS significantly induces morphological changes in the cytoplasmic membrane of the treated AGS cells. Expression of survivin, NFƙB, and IL-8 genes is significantly suppressed in AGS cells treated with SBS. CONCLUSIONS Considering the antitumor activities of SBS on AGS cell line, it can be regarded as a prospective therapeutic and preventive strategy against human stomach cancer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pakbin
- Institute for Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais-Wallis, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
- Werner-Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenberg Str. 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran
| | - Samaneh Allahyari
- Werner-Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenberg Str. 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | | | - Leila Zolghadr
- Department of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin 34149-16818, Iran
| | - Neda Karami Chermahini
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran
| | - Wolfram Manuel Brück
- Institute for Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais-Wallis, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Thomas B Brück
- Werner-Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenberg Str. 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Razzagh Mahmoudi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lemoine A, Tounian P, Adel-Patient K, Thomas M. Pre-, pro-, syn-, and Postbiotics in Infant Formulas: What Are the Immune Benefits for Infants? Nutrients 2023; 15. [PMID: 36904230 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The first objective of infant formulas is to ensure the healthy growth of neonates and infants, as the sole complete food source during the first months of life when a child cannot be breastfed. Beyond this nutritional aspect, infant nutrition companies also try to mimic breast milk in its unique immuno-modulating properties. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota under the influence of diet shapes the maturation of the immune system and influences the risk of atopic diseases in infants. A new challenge for dairy industries is, therefore, to develop infant formulas inducing the maturation of immunity and the microbiota that can be observed in breastfed delivered vaginally, representing reference infants. Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, Bifidobacterium breve (BC50), Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12, Lactobacillus fermentum (CECT5716), and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) are some of the probiotics added to infant formula, according to a literature review of the past 10 years. The most frequently used prebiotics in published clinical trials are fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), and human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). This review sums up the expected benefits and effects for infants of pre-, pro-, syn-, and postbiotics added to infant formula regarding the microbiota, immunity, and allergies.
Collapse
|
40
|
Chaney E, Miller EA, Firman J, Binnebose A, Kuttappan V, Johnson TJ. Effects of a postbiotic, with and without a saponin-based product, on turkey performance. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102607. [PMID: 36933527 PMCID: PMC10036732 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern poultry production relies on an ability to prevent and mitigate challenges to bird health, while maintaining a productive bird. A number of different classes of biologics-based feed additives exist, and many have been tested individually for their impacts on poultry health and performance. Fewer studies have examined the combinations of different classes of products. In this study, we examined the use of a well-established postbiotic feed additive (Original XPC, Diamond V) on turkey performance, with and without the addition of a proprietary saponin-based feed additive. This was accomplished in an 18-wk pen trial utilizing 22 pen replicates per treatment across 3 treatments (control, postbiotic, and postbiotic plus saponin). Significant differences in body weight were identified at wk 12 and 15 of age, with the postbiotic plus saponin treatment group resulting in heavier birds at both timepoints. Significant differences in feed conversion ratio were observed from 0 to 18 wk of age, with the postbiotic alone having improved FCR compared with the control group. No significant differences were observed for livability or feed intake. This study demonstrates that a combination of a postbiotic plus saponin may exert additive effects on the growth of the turkey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan Chaney
- Diamond V, Cargill Health Technologies, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Miller
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Firman
- Missouri Contract Poultry Research, Boonville, MO 65233, USA
| | - Andrea Binnebose
- Diamond V, Cargill Health Technologies, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404, USA
| | - Vivek Kuttappan
- Diamond V, Cargill Health Technologies, Cedar Rapids, IA 52404, USA
| | - Timothy J Johnson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ye W, Chen Z, He Z, Gong H, Zhang J, Sun J, Yuan S, Deng J, Liu Y, Zeng A. Lactobacillus plantarum-Derived Postbiotics Ameliorate Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury by Protecting Cells from Oxidative Damage, Improving Lipid Metabolism, and Regulating Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040845. [PMID: 36839205 PMCID: PMC9965849 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, the aim was to evaluate the protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum-derived postbiotics, i.e., LP-cs, on acute alcoholic liver injury (ALI). After preincubation with LP-cs, HL7702 human hepatocytes were treated with alcohol, and then the cell survival rate was measured. C57BL/6 male mice were presupplemented with or without LP-cs and LP-cs-loaded calcium alginate hydrogel (LP-cs-Gel) for 3 weeks and given 50% alcohol gavage to establish the mouse model of ALI, LP-cs presupplementation, and LP-cs-Gel presupplementation. The histomorphology of the liver and intestines; the levels of serum AST, ALT, lipid, and SOD activity; liver transcriptomics; and the metagenome of intestinal microbiota were detected in all mouse models. In vitro, LP-cs significantly increased the survival rate of alcohol-treated cells. In vivo, presupplementation with LP-cs and LP-cs-Gel restored the levels of serum AST, ALT, and SOD activity, as well as TC and TG, after acute alcohol intake. In the LP-cs-presupplemented mice, the genes involved in fatty acid metabolic processes were upregulated and the genes involved in steroid biosynthesis were downregulated significantly as compared with the ALI mice. LP-cs significantly increased the abundance of intestinal microbiota, especially Akkermansia muciniphila. In conclusion, LP-cs ameliorates ALI by protecting hepatocytes against oxidative damage, thereby, improving lipid metabolism and regulating the intestinal microbiota. The effect of LP-cs-Gel is similar to that of LP-cs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ye
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zengqiang Chen
- Healthcare Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuoqi He
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haochen Gong
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiaju Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Shanshan Yuan
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Aibing Zeng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Foudjing GGD, Sarmast E, Allahdad Z, Salmieri S, Lacroix M. Influence of growth parameters on bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) production by lactic acid bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:6896270. [PMID: 36688755 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) and optimize it by Lactobacillus sakei and combined Lactobacillus curvatus/Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria used for the meat fermentation. The effect of growth parameters on BLIS production was evaluated by measuring the antibacterial activity of the cell-free supernatant of these bacteria. The stability of the cell-free supernatant of combined L.curvatus/P.acidilactici bacteria was also examined after heat treatment and pH variations. Results showed highest BLIS production by L.curvatus/P.acidilactici was at growth temperatures of 28°C and pH 5, while the optimum condition for production of BLIS by L.sakei was 24°C and pH 6.5. The BLIS production by L. curvatus/P. acidilactici bacteria was greatly influenced by carbon and nitrogen sources. The antimicrobial activity of BLIS in supplemented De Man, Rosa, and Sharpe broth (MRS) was 2044.44 AU/mL, 4.84-fold greater than unsupplemented MRS. None of the carbon sources used in this study affected the BLIS production by the L.sakei, while pea peptone enhanced the antimicrobial activity and showed a value of 188.89 AU/mL, 1.47-fold greater than unsupplemented MRS. The characterization of the cell-free supernatant of L. curvatus/P. acidilactici bacteria showed the heat stability and activity of BLIS at pH 2-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Gaëlle Domguia Foudjing
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier santé et Biotechnologie, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Elham Sarmast
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier santé et Biotechnologie, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Zahra Allahdad
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier santé et Biotechnologie, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Stéphane Salmieri
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier santé et Biotechnologie, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Monique Lacroix
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier santé et Biotechnologie, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, 531 Boul des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Petrarca C, Viola D. Redox Remodeling by Nutraceuticals for Prevention and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36670995 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich dietary regimens are considered the best practice to maintain health, control inflammation, and prevent inflammatory diseases. Yet, nutraceuticals as food supplements are self-prescribed and purchasable over the counter by healthy individuals for the purpose of beneficial effects on fitness and aging. Hence, the effectiveness, safety, and correct intake of these compounds need to be better explored. Since redox-modulating activity of these compounds appears to be involved in activation and or suppression of immune cells, the preventive use of nutraceuticals is very attractive even for healthy people. This review focuses on redox- and immunomodulating nutraceuticals in the context of diabetes mellitus (DM). In fact, DM is an illustrative disease of latent and predictable inflammatory pathogenetic processes set out and sustained by oxidative stress. DM has been thoroughly investigated through in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, human DM is characterized by uncontrolled levels of glucose, a pivotal factor shaping immune responses. Hence, antioxidant nutraceuticals with multifaced activities, including glucose keeping, are described here. A greater number of such multi-player nutraceuticals might be identified using DM animal models and validated in clinical settings on genetic and environmental high-risk individuals.
Collapse
|
44
|
Wilson SM, Oba PM, Applegate CC, Koziol SA, Panasevich MR, Norton SA, Swanson KS. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product-supplemented diet on fecal characteristics, oxidative stress, and blood gene expression of adult dogs undergoing transport stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac378. [PMID: 36373401 PMCID: PMC9838799 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) was shown to positively alter fecal microbiota, fecal metabolites, oxidative stress, and circulating immune cell function of adult dogs. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of SCFP on fecal characteristics, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, and whole blood gene expression of dogs undergoing transport stress. Sixteen adult pointer dogs [8M, 8F; mean age = 6.7 ± 2.1 yr; mean body weight (BW) = 25.5 ± 3.9 kg] were used in a randomized crossover design study. All dogs were fed a control diet for 4 wk, then randomly assigned to a control or SCFP-supplemented diet (formulated to include approximately 0.13% of the active SCFP ingredient) and fed to maintain BW for 11 wk. A 6-wk washout preceded the second 11-wk experimental period with dogs receiving opposite treatments. After 11 wk, fresh fecal and blood samples were collected before and after transport in a van for 45 min. Change from baseline data (i.e., before and after transport) were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4, with P < 0.05 being significant and P < 0.10 being trends. Change in serum malondialdehyde concentrations increased (P < 0.05) and serum 8-isoprostane concentrations tended to increase (P < 0.10) in dogs fed SCFP, but decreased (P < 0.05) in control dogs after transport. Other serum markers were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Fecal dry matter percentage tended to be affected (P < 0.10) by diet during transport stress, being reduced in control dogs, but stable in dogs fed SCFP. Other fecal characteristics were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Genes associated with activation of innate immunity were impacted by diet in response to transport stress, with blood cyclooxygenase-2 and malondialdehyde mRNA expression being increased (P < 0.05) in control dogs, but stable or decreased in dogs fed SCFP. Expression of other genes was unaffected by diet during transport stress. These data suggest that the benefits of feeding a SCFP during transport stress may be mediated through suppression of innate immune cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Wilson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Patricia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Catherine C Applegate
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- The Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Samantha A Koziol
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | | | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fernández C, Romero T, Badiola I, Díaz-Cano J, Sanzol G, Loor JJ. Postbiotic yeast fermentation product supplementation to lactating goats increases the efficiency of milk production by enhancing fiber digestibility and ruminal propionate, and reduces energy losses in methane. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac370. [PMID: 36342746 PMCID: PMC9833009 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although in vitro data with mixed ruminal fluid demonstrated positive effects of posbiotic diet (POS) from lactobacilli on measures of fermentation and microbial profiles, there is a paucity of in vivo data with lactating ruminants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of incorporating POS into diets of lactating goats on energy (E) partitioning, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) balance, and performance. Ten late-lactation Murciano-Granadina goats were used in a crossover design with 26-d periods. Goats in the control diet (CON) were fed daily at the rate of 1 kg alfalfa hay and 1.5 kg concentrate, and the treatment group (POS) was fed CON with the addition of 3.75 g/d of Probisan Ruminants (PENTABIOL S.L., Navarra, Spain). No differences in DMI were detected. However, ruminal fluid propionate and apparent total tract digestibilities of NDF and ADF were greater (18%, 4.7%, and 5.2%, respectively; P < 0.05) in POS compared with the CON diet. Daily partitioning of E to milk and efficiency of ME intake for milk production greater (11% and 3.0%, respectively; P < 0.05) in POS compared with CON. The nonprotein RQ was greater in POS compared with CON due to greater (P < 0.05) oxidation of carbohydrate (213 vs. 115 kJ/kg of BW0.75 per day) compared with fat (362 vs. 486 kJ/kg of BW0.75 per day). Although no differences were found in C balance, goats in POS had lower (P < 0.05) amounts of C in CH4 (1.1 vs. 1.3 g/kg BW0.75 per day) compared with CON. There were no differences in N intake or N in feces or urine, but N in milk was greater (P < 0.05) in POS compared with the CON diet (0.8 vs. 0.7 g/kg BW0.75 per day). Yield of fat-corrected milk (FCM) (3.20 vs. 2.72 kg/d; P < 0.05) and concentration of true protein (3.4 vs. 3.3 kg/d; P < 0.05) and lactose (4.7 vs. 4.5 kg/d; P < 0.05) were greater in POS compared with CON. These responses were accompanied by lower (P < 0.05) urea (12.3 vs. 16.6 mM/L) and ammonia-N (6.6 vs. 8.8 mg/L) without changes in fat concentration (6.1% vs. 6.0%; P > 0.05) in POS compared with the CON diet. Daily amount of CH4 emission did not differ P > 0.05 between diets. However, when expressed relative to unit of edible product, feeding POS reduced (P < 0.05) the amount of CH4 by 46 g/kg of milk fat, 97 g/kg of milk protein, and 3 g/kg of milk compared with CON. Overall, data indicated that feeding a postbiotic in late-lactation increased energy efficiency for milk production partly by reducing CH4 emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, España
| | - Tamara Romero
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, España
| | - Ignacio Badiola
- IRTA-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Campus de Bellaterra, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, España
| | - Jesús Díaz-Cano
- PentaBiol Animal Health, Polígono Noáin-Esquiroz, Esquiroz, 31191 Navarra, España
| | - Gregorio Sanzol
- PentaBiol Animal Health, Polígono Noáin-Esquiroz, Esquiroz, 31191 Navarra, España
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shen X, Xu L, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Li P, Ma T, Guo S, Kwok LY, Sun Z. Postbiotic gel relieves clinical symptoms of bacterial vaginitis by regulating the vaginal microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1114364. [PMID: 36816588 PMCID: PMC9936311 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaginitis is the most common disease in gynecology. Vaginal dysbiosis is a main reason of bacteria vaginitis (BV), as the disrupted microecological environment facilitates the growth of various vaginal pathogens. The most dominant bacteria in the vaginal microbiota are lactic acid bacteria, which are important for maintaining vaginal health. At present, antibiotics and other drugs are often used in clinical treatment, but there are many adverse reactions and easy to relapse, and the intervention of probiotics can help restore vaginal microbiota and alleviate BV. This study is a human clinical trial of 50 patients with bacterial vaginitis (BV). The alleviation effect of applying a postbiotic gel for one week in BV was evaluated. Changes in patients' clinical indicators of BV (properties of vaginal secretion) and the vaginal microbiota after using the postbiotic gel were monitored. Our results showed that apply the postbiotic gel improved the symptoms of BV, indicated by improvement in the abnormalities of patients' vaginal secretions. After applying the gel, the relative abundance of vaginal lactobacilli increased compared to baseline. Significant negative correlations were found between lactobacilli and potential vaginal pathogens (including Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Atopobium), as well as the abnormalities of the vaginal secretion. Overall, our results showed that applying the postbiotic gel ameliorated BV, and the symptom improvement was accompanied by significant changes in the bacterial vaginal microbiota. Our study provides valuable clinical data in managing BV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Yitong Yang
- Qingyitang Industrial Co., Ltd., Yunnan, China
| | - Pengxian Li
- Qingyitang Industrial Co., Ltd., Yunnan, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihong Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Homayouni Rad A, Pourjafar H, Mirzakhani E. A comprehensive review of the application of probiotics and postbiotics in oral health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1120995. [PMID: 36968114 PMCID: PMC10031100 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1120995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most common diseases around the world that people usually suffer from during their lifetime. Tooth decay is a multifactorial disease, and the composition of oral microbiota is a critical factor in its development. Also, Streptococcus mutans is considered the most important caries-causing species. It is expected that probiotics, as they adjust the intestinal microbiota and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in the human intestine, can exert their health-giving effects, especially the anti-pathogenic effect, in the oral cavity, which is part of the human gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted on the role of probiotics in the prevention of tooth decay. In this review, while investigating the effect of different strains of probiotics Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria on oral diseases, including dental caries, candida yeast infections, periodontal diseases, and halitosis, we have also discussed postbiotics as novel non-living biological compounds derived from probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Homayouni Rad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- *Correspondence: Esmaeel Mirzakhani, ; Hadi Pourjafar,
| | - Esmaeel Mirzakhani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Esmaeel Mirzakhani, ; Hadi Pourjafar,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ganda E, Chakrabarti A, Sardi MI, Tench M, Kozlowicz BK, Norton SA, Warren LK, Khafipour E. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product improves robustness of equine gut microbiome upon stress. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1134092. [PMID: 36908513 PMCID: PMC9998945 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1134092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nutritional and environmental stressors can disturb the gut microbiome of horses which may ultimately decrease their health and performance. We hypothesized that supplementation with a yeast-derived postbiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product-SCFP) would benefit horses undergoing an established model of stress due to prolonged transportation. Methods Quarter horses (n = 20) were blocked based on sex, age (22 ± 3 mo) and body weight (439 ± 3 kg) and randomized to receive either a basal diet of 60% hay and 40% concentrate (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 21 g/d Diamond V TruEquine C (SCFP; Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA) for 60 days. On day 57, horses were tethered with their heads elevated 35cm above wither height for 12 h to induce mild upper respiratory tract inflammation. Fecal samples were collected at days 0, 28, and 56 before induction of stress, and at 0, 12, 24, and 72 h post-stress and subjected to DNA extraction and Nanopore shotgun metagenomics. Within sample (alpha) diversity was evaluated by fitting a linear model and between sample (beta) diversity was tested with permutational ANOVA. Results The SCFP stabilized alpha diversity across all time points, whereas CON horses had more fluctuation (P < 0.05) at 12, 24, and 72 h post-challenge compared to d 56. A significant difference between CON and SCFP was observed at 0 and 12 h. There was no difference in beta-diversity between SCFP and CON on d 56. Discussion Taken together, these observations led us to conclude that treatment with SCFP resulted in more robust and stable microbial profiles in horses after stress challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ganda
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | | | - Maria I Sardi
- Cargill Biotechnology R&D, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Melissa Tench
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | | | | - Lori K Warren
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cui H, Guo C, Wang Q, Feng C, Duan Z. A pilot study on the efficacy of topical lotion containing anti-acne postbiotic in subjects with mild -to -moderate acne. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1064460. [PMID: 36569166 PMCID: PMC9780477 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1064460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acne can compromise facial esthetics and become a mental burden, especially when it occurs in puberty. Skincare cosmetics with anti-acne efficiency is more convenient than other treatment modalities, such as dietary supplements, in certain circumstances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an anti-acne lotion in alleviating acne. Methods In our study, an anti-acne lotion containing ferment lysate produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum VHProbi® E15 were applied to subjects with mild -to -moderate acne over 4 weeks. The efficacy was evaluated based on instrumental measurements using Visia®-CR and CK-MPA® system. Results and discussion The anti-acne lotion exhibited favorable safety, meeting the stringent criteria for the detection of microbes, heavy metals, toxicity, and irritation. After 2 weeks of treatment, a statistically significant improvement in acne lesions was observed compared to baseline (P < 0.01), and this continued to the end of the study. After 4 weeks of treatment, the transepidermal water loss (P < 0.05) and sebum production (P < 0.05) were significantly decreased in subjects compared to baseline. In addition, the pore/area of interest (AOI) and stratum corneum hydration displayed slightly positive changes throughout treatment. Thus, we conclude that applying topical anti-acne lotion may be safe and confer effective benefits in people with mild -to -moderate acne and represents a promising therapeutic option for acne.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The term postbiotics has acquired great interest in recent years. Numerous studies have shown a potential beneficial effect of its use in many inflammatory pathologies. However, it has not been much explored in ocular inflammatory diseases. The aims of this study were to develop and characterise an ophthalmic formulation with a postbiotic of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL 759, and to evaluate its anti-inflammatory actions on murine macrophage stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in vitro. First, we evaluated the ability of L. plantarum CRL 759 to generate a supernatant with anti-inflammatory property using different buffers. Then, we studied the stability at different temperatures and storage times of the generated postbiotic. In vitro assays showed that incubation of L. plantarum CRL 759 in modified phosphate buffer according to Sorensen (called POF-759), generated a supernatant that significantly reduced the production of interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide by RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Furthermore, POF-759 maintained its anti-inflammatory activity at room temperature, 4 and -20 °C, up to 30 days of storage. From the studies reported here, a postbiotic product with anti-inflammatory properties and optimal characteristics for the formulation of eye drops was obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B I Layús
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - C L Gerez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - A V Rodriguez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|