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Grishin E, Soudack M, Levy-Mendelovich S, Bezalel Y, Lubetsky A, Cohen O, Brutman-Barazani T, Efros O, Kenet G, Barg AA. Pediatric splenic infarction: Assessment of associated clinical conditions and outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30939. [PMID: 38462782 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric splenic infarction (SI) is rare yet clinically significant. Publications regarding this complication are mostly limited to case reports. This is a retrospective study examining SI etiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes among children. Twenty-two patients (median age: 7.9 years) were included, mostly with pre-existing hematological diseases. Splenomegaly (72%), thrombocytopenia, and anemia were common. Most of the patients did not receive antithrombotic therapy yet only two patients experienced recurrences. During follow up 36% of patients died, however no fatalities were attributed to thrombotic or bleeding complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Grishin
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michalle Soudack
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Imaging Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sarina Levy-Mendelovich
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Talpiot Sheba Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yael Bezalel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Pulmonology and National CF Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Aharon Lubetsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Omri Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tami Brutman-Barazani
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Orly Efros
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gili Kenet
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Assaf A Barg
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- National Hemophilia Center, Coagulation Unit and Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Departmnet of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Kashimura M. Blood defense system - Proposal for a new concept of an immune system against blood borne pathogens comprising the liver, spleen and bone marrow. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13363. [PMID: 38605529 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Blood-borne pathogen (BBP) infections can rapidly progress to life-threatening sepsis and must therefore be promptly eliminated by the host's immune system. Intravascular macrophages of the liver sinusoid, splenic marginal zone and red pulp and perisinusoidal macrophage protrusions in the bone marrow (BM) directly phagocytose BBPs in the blood as an innate immune response. The liver, spleen and BM thereby work together as the blood defence system (BDS) in response to BBPs by exerting their different immunological roles. The liver removes the vast majority of these invading organisms via innate immunity, but their complete elimination is not possible without the actions of antibodies. Splenic marginal zone B cells promptly produce IgM and IgG antibodies against BBPs. The splenic marginal zone transports antigenic information from the innate to the adaptive immune systems. The white pulp of the spleen functions as adaptive immune tissue and produces specific and high-affinity antibodies with an immune memory against BBPs. The BM works to maintain immune memory by supporting the survival of memory B cells, memory T cells and long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), all of which have dedicated niches. Furthermore, BM perisinusoidal naïve follicular B cells promptly produce IgM antibodies against BBPs in the BM sinusoid and the IgG memory B cells residing in the BM rapidly transform to plasma cells which produce high-affinity IgG antibodies upon reinfection. This review describes the complete immune defence characteristics of the BDS against BBPs through the collaboration of the liver, spleen and BM with combined different immunological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kashimura
- Department of Hematology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
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Yang WP, Li MQ, Ding J, Li JY, Wu G, Liu B, Gao YQ, Wang GH, Luo QQ. High-altitude hypoxia exposure inhibits erythrophagocytosis by inducing macrophage ferroptosis in the spleen. eLife 2024; 12:RP87496. [PMID: 38629942 PMCID: PMC11023697 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
High-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) affects individuals living at high altitudes, characterized by increased red blood cells (RBCs) production in response to hypoxic conditions. The exact mechanisms behind HAPC are not fully understood. We utilized a mouse model exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (HH), replicating the environmental conditions experienced at 6000 m above sea level, coupled with in vitro analysis of primary splenic macrophages under 1% O2 to investigate these mechanisms. Our findings indicate that HH significantly boosts erythropoiesis, leading to erythrocytosis and splenic changes, including initial contraction to splenomegaly over 14 days. A notable decrease in red pulp macrophages (RPMs) in the spleen, essential for RBCs processing, was observed, correlating with increased iron release and signs of ferroptosis. Prolonged exposure to hypoxia further exacerbated these effects, mirrored in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Single-cell sequencing showed a marked reduction in macrophage populations, affecting the spleen's ability to clear RBCs and contributing to splenomegaly. Our findings suggest splenic ferroptosis contributes to decreased RPMs, affecting erythrophagocytosis and potentially fostering continuous RBCs production in HAPC. These insights could guide the development of targeted therapies for HAPC, emphasizing the importance of splenic macrophages in disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-ping Yang
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Mei-qi Li
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jia-yan Li
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Gang Wu
- College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine and High-Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqingChina
| | - Bao Liu
- College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine and High-Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqingChina
| | - Yu-qi Gao
- College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine and High-Altitude Medicine, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqingChina
| | - Guo-hua Wang
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qian-qian Luo
- Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
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Ruangvoravat L, Maung AA. Splenic angioembolization: still an important tool in the toolbox. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2024; 9:e001461. [PMID: 38646617 PMCID: PMC11029377 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2024-001461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Ruangvoravat
- Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adrian A Maung
- Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Ahmad MU, Lee D, Tennakoon L, Chao TE, Spain D, Staudenmayer K. Angioembolization for splenic injuries: does it help? Retrospective evaluation of grade III-V splenic injuries at two level I trauma centers. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2024; 9:e001240. [PMID: 38646615 PMCID: PMC11029436 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Splenic angioembolization (SAE) has increased in utilization for blunt splenic injuries. We hypothesized lower SAE usage would not correlate with higher rates of additional intervention or mortality when choosing initial non-operative management (NOM) or surgery. Study design Trauma registries from two level I trauma centers from 2010 to 2020 were used to identify patients aged >18 years with grade III-V blunt splenic injuries. Results were compared with the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) for 2018 for level I and II centers. Additional intervention or failure was defined as any subsequent SAE or surgery. Mortality was defined as death during admission. Results There were 266 vs 5943 patients who met inclusion/exclusion criteria at Stanford/Santa Clara Valley Medical Center (SCVMC) versus the NTDB. Initial intervention differed significantly between cohorts with the use of SAE (6% vs 17%, p=0.000). Failure differed significantly between cohorts (1.5% vs 6.5%, p=0.005). On multivariate analysis, failure in NOM was significantly associated with NTDB cohort status, age 65+ years, more than one comorbidity, mechanism of injury, grade V spleen injury, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) 25+. On multivariate analysis, failure in SAE was significantly associated with Shock Index >0.9 and 10+ units blood in 24 hours. On multivariate analysis, a higher risk of mortality was significantly associated with NTDB cohort status, age 65+ years, no private insurance, more than one comorbidity, mechanism of injury, ISS 25+, 10+ units blood in 24 hours, NOM, more than one hospital complications, anticoagulant use, other Abbreviated Injury Scale ≥3 abdominal injuries. Conclusions Compared with national data, our cohort had less SAE, lower rates of additional intervention, and had lower risk-adjusted mortality. Shock Index >0.9, grade V splenic injuries, and increased transfusion requirements in the first 24 hours may signal a need for surgical intervention rather than SAE or NOM and may reduce mortality in appropriately selected patients. Level of evidence Level II/III.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Usman Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Lee
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | | | - Tiffany Erin Chao
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Surgery, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, California, USA
| | - David Spain
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Bayram B, Liman N, Alan E, Sağsöz H. Angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors during the post-hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38623888 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members are responsible for endothelial cells' growth, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation and proliferation of non-endothelial cell types. VEGF and its receptors are found in mammalian lymphoid organs. The present study was conceived to determine (a) the presence and localization of angiogenic VEGF and its receptors (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 [Flt1/fms], fetal liver kinase 1 [Flk1]/kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 [Flt4]) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) in the quail spleen; and (b) whether their expressions in the spleen components change during the post-hatching growth of the organ, using immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that VEGI, VEGF, and VEGF receptors were expressed in many components, including the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ellipsoid-associated cells (EACs), and immune cells, of quail spleen and that VEGF and its receptors' immunostaining intensity scores (ISs) varied depending on the post-hatching growth period, while VEGI-IS did not change. In addition, ISs of VEGI, VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 in EACs were weak to moderate, while flk1/KDR-IS in EACs adjacent to the capsule of Schweigger-Seidel sheaths (ellipsoids) was higher than other proteins, supports a more important and specific role of Flk1/KDR in the EAC function. These specific expressions of VEGI, VEGF, flt1/fms, flk1/KDR, and flt4 proteins in splenic cell types suggest their particular roles, in the functional development of splenic components and thus, are critical to post-hatching maturation of quail spleen. These findings indicate that the expression levels of VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4, except Flk1/KDR, are low in the quail spleen, and only a few components of the spleen express VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Bayram
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Idil Vocational High School, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey
| | - Narin Liman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Alan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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7
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Sarchi PV, Gomez Cuautle DD, Rossi A, Ramos AJ. Participation of the spleen in the neuroinflammation after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus: Implications for epileptogenesis and epilepsy. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024:CS20231621. [PMID: 38602323 DOI: 10.1042/cs20231621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affects millions of individuals worldwide. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms leading to epileptogenesis, the process by which a normal brain develops epilepsy, remain elusive. We here explored the immune system and spleen responses triggered by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) focusing on their role in the epileptogenesis that follows SE . Initial examination of spleen histopathology revealed transient disorganization of white pulp, in animals subjected to SE. This disorganization, attributed to immune activation, peaked at 1-day post-SE (1DPSE) but returned to control levels at 3DPSE. Alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte populations, demonstrated a decrease following SE, accompanied by a reduction in CD3+ T-lymphocytes. Further investigations uncovered an increased abundance of T-lymphocytes in the pyriform cortex and choroid plexus at 3DPSE, suggesting a specific mobilization towards the Central Nervous System. Notably, splenectomy mitigated brain reactive astrogliosis, neuroinflammation, and macrophage infiltration post-SE, particularly in the hippocampus and piriform cortex. Additionally, splenectomized animals exhibited reduced lymphatic follicle size in the deep cervical lymph nodes. Most significantly, splenectomy correlated with improved neuronal survival, substantiated by decreased neuronal loss and reduced degenerating neurons in the piriform cortex and hippocampal CA2-3 post-SE. Overall, these findings underscore the pivotal role of the spleen in orchestrating immune responses and neuroinflammation following pilocarpine-induced SE, implicating the peripheral immune system as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating neuronal degeneration in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alicia Rossi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Zhang T, Zhao J, Zheng T, Fu W, Ma T. Adenosine 2A receptor antagonists promote lymphocyte proliferation in sepsis by inhibiting Treg expression of PD-L1 in spleen. Immunology 2024; 171:566-582. [PMID: 38158796 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The spleen is essential for lymphocyte proliferation, which is associated to sepsis prognosis. Adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) blocking promotes lymphocyte proliferation in sepsis, however the mechanism is uncertain. Our sepsis cecum ligation perforation model showed that blocking A2AR increased survival and CD4+ cell numbers in a spleen-dependent mechanism. The sequencing of the transcriptome of the spleen indicated alterations in the expression of genes involved in the control of lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting A2AR, including a reduction in the expression of PD-L1. Flow cytometry analysis of PD-L1 expression intensity in splenic cell subpopulations revealed that the Treg cell subpopulation was the strongest PD-L1-expressing cell population, and Treg PD-L1 expression decreased after blocking A2AR. In vitro activation of A2AR was able to upregulate PD-L1 expression of Treg and boost Treg capacity to limit lymphocyte proliferation, while blockage of PD-L1 partly reduced A2AR-activated Treg's ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. In addition, blocking CREB phosphorylation significantly inhibited A2AR-induced PD-L1 expression. According to the findings of our research, inhibiting A2AR improves the prognosis of sepsis by lowering the level of PD-L1 expression by Treg in the spleen and reducing the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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9
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Elia A, Gennser M, Eiken O, Keramidas ME. Effects of hyperventilation on repeated breath-holding while in a fasting state: do risks outweigh the benefits? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R319-R329. [PMID: 38314699 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00260.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Breath-holding preceded by either an overnight fast or hyperventilation has been shown to potentiate the risk of a hypoxic blackout. However, no study has explored the combined effects of fasting and hyperventilation on apneic performance and associated physiological responses. Nine nondivers (8 males) attended the laboratory on two separate occasions (≥48 h apart), both after a 12-h overnight fast. During each visit, a hyperoxic rebreathing trial was performed followed by three repeated maximal static apneas preceded by either normal breathing (NORM) or a 30-s hyperventilation (HYPER). Splenic volume, hematology, cardiovascular, and respiratory variables were monitored. There were no interprotocol differences at rest or during hyperoxic rebreathing for any variable (P ≥ 0.09). On nine occasions (8 in HYPER), the subjects reached our safety threshold (oxygen saturation 65%) and were asked to abort their apneas, with the preponderance of these incidents (6 of 9) occurring during the third repetition. Across the sequential attempts, longer apneas were recorded in HYPER [median(range), 220(123-324) s vs. 185(78-296) s, P ≤ 0.001], with involuntary breathing movements occurring later [134(65-234) s vs. 97(42-200) s, P ≤ 0.001] and end-apneic partial end-tidal pressures of oxygen (P ET O 2 ) being lower (P ≤ 0.02). During the final repetition, partial end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide [(P ET CO 2 ), 6.53 ± 0.46 kPa vs. 6.01 ± 0.45 kPa, P = 0.005] was lower in HYPER. Over the serial attempts, preapneic tidal volume was gradually elevated [from apnea 1 to 3, by 0.26 ± 0.24 L (HYPER) and 0.28 ± 0.30 L (NORM), P ≤ 0.025], with a correlation noted with preapneic P ET CO 2 (r = -0.57, P < 0.001) and P ET O 2 (r = 0.76, P < 0.001), respectively. In a fasted state, preapnea hyperventilation compared with normal breathing leads to longer apneas but may increase the susceptibility to a hypoxic blackout.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows that breath-holds (apneas) preceded by a 12-h overnight fast coupled with a 30-s hyperventilation as opposed to normal breathing may increase the likelihood of a hypoxic blackout through delaying the excitation of hypercapnic ventilatory sensory chemoreflexes. Evidently, this risk is exacerbated over a series of repeated maximal attempts, possibly due to a shift in preapneic gas tensions facilitated by an unintentional increase in tidal volume breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Elia
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Gennser
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Eiken
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michail E Keramidas
- Division of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Guo YN, Mou RW, Lu MH, Liang SS, He YM, Tang LP. Three different routes of EHEC O157:H7 infection were used to establish EHEC broiler model. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103561. [PMID: 38417337 PMCID: PMC10907844 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to study the prevention and control EHEC disease measures in poultry, the infection process and development of this disease and the pathological changes of various organs were to be observed. In this study, chickens were infected with different doses of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 using different routes of administration to establish EHEC broiler model. A total of 195 14-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 13 groups: including control group, Enema-drip groups (1010, 1011, 1012, 1013 CFUs E. coli O157:H7), gavage groups (P.O) (1011, 1012, 1013, 1014 CFUs E. coli O157:H7), and intraperitoneal injection group (I.P.) (108, 109, 1010, 1011 CFUs E. coli O157:H7). Escherichia coli (E. coli) was given using enema-drip, gavage or intraperitoneal infection. Then the feed intake, weight changes, stool and clinical symptoms of the chicks were recorded during the experiment. 7 d after E. coli infection, blood was collected from the jugular vein and serological tests were carried out. The liver, spleen, and colon of the chicks were extracted to get the organ index, bacteria load, and their histopathological changes. After infection with E. coli, some chicks feces were green or red watery stool, sometimes accompanied by foam, and the material to weight ratio of broilers in I.P. group increased significantly (P < 0.05), the 108 CFUs group were 1.3 times as large as control group. Three modeling methods can result in abnormal serum lipid metabolism and liver function indexes (increase of AST, TBA, T-Bil and TC level; decrease of ALB, TG, and TP level). Infection of chicks with O157:H7 by all 3 methods resulted in its detection in the liver, spleen, and colon. Three modeling methods significantly decreased liver index, and inflammatory cell infiltration and hyperemia were observed in liver. The spleen index in E. coli broilers by gavage and enema-drip was significantly decreased, splenic hyperemia and periarteriolar hyalinosis were observed. The spleen was enlarged with purplish-black spheroids in I.P. group broilers, and the spleen histological changes was more serious. The colon villi of broilers in gavage and enema-drip groups were thinner, more prone to rupture, intestinal lamina propria hyperemia, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, the number of goblet cells in the mucosal epithelium increased. E. coli O157:H7 can induce liver, spleen and intestinal damage and reduce growth performance of chicks. By comparing these 3 methods, we found that chicks infected with O157:H7 by gavage had more severe liver and intestinal damage, the enema-drip method caused most serious intestinal damage, and I.P. method significantly damaged the liver and spleen of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Na Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Rui-Wei Mou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Meng-Han Lu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Shao-Shan Liang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yong-Ming He
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Lu-Ping Tang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China.
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Vainieri AFM, Brando E, De Vincentis A, Di Pasquale G, Flagiello V, Gallo P, Barone F, Massaro Cenere T, Di Matteo E, Picardi A, Galati G. Acoustic Radiation Forced Impulse of the Liver and the Spleen, Combined with Spleen Dimension and Platelet Count in New Ratio Scores, Identifies High-Risk Esophageal Varices in Well-Compensated Cirrhotic Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:685. [PMID: 38611598 PMCID: PMC11011753 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acoustic radiation forced impulse (ARFI) is an integrated ultrasound method, measuring stiffness by point shear wave elastography. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ARFI of the liver and the spleen, combined with spleen dimension and platelet count, in predicting high-risk esophageal varices (HRVs) in cirrhotic patients, a prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2017 and February 2021. The following ratio scores were calculated based on ARFI measurements: ALSDP (ARFI Liver-Spleen Diameter-to-Platelet Ratio Score), ASSDP (ARFI Spleen-Spleen Diameter-to-Platelet Ratio Score), ASSAP (ARFI Spleen-Spleen Area-to-Platelet Ratio Score), and ALSAP (ARFI Liver-Spleen Area-to-Platelet Ratio Score). In 100 enrolled subjects, spleen ARFI, ASSDP, and ASSAP were significantly associated with HRVs in the prospective short- and long-term follow-ups and in the cross-sectional study (p < 0.05), while ALSDP and ALSAP were associated with HRVs only in the prospective long-term follow-up and cross-sectional study (p< 0.05). ASSAP was the best ARFI ratio score for HRVs at the long-term follow-up [value of area under curve (AUC) = 0.88], although all the ARFI ratio scores performed better than individual liver and spleen ARFI (AUC > 0.7). In our study, ARFI ratio scores can predict, in well-compensated cirrhotic patients, the risk of developing HVRs in short- and long-term periods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Brando
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio De Vincentis
- Operative Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy;
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Pasquale
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Valentina Flagiello
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
- Reasearch Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Gallo
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
- Reasearch Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Barone
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | | | - Evelyn Di Matteo
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Picardi
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
- Reasearch Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Galati
- Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (G.D.P.); (V.F.); (P.G.); (F.B.); (E.D.M.); (A.P.)
- Reasearch Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
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Pulfer A, Pizzagalli DU, Gagliardi PA, Hinderling L, Lopez P, Zayats R, Carrillo-Barberà P, Antonello P, Palomino-Segura M, Grädel B, Nicolai M, Giusti A, Thelen M, Gambardella LM, Murooka TT, Pertz O, Krause R, Gonzalez SF. Transformer-based spatial-temporal detection of apoptotic cell death in live-cell imaging. eLife 2024; 12:RP90502. [PMID: 38497754 PMCID: PMC10948145 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Intravital microscopy has revolutionized live-cell imaging by allowing the study of spatial-temporal cell dynamics in living animals. However, the complexity of the data generated by this technology has limited the development of effective computational tools to identify and quantify cell processes. Amongst them, apoptosis is a crucial form of regulated cell death involved in tissue homeostasis and host defense. Live-cell imaging enabled the study of apoptosis at the cellular level, enhancing our understanding of its spatial-temporal regulation. However, at present, no computational method can deliver robust detection of apoptosis in microscopy timelapses. To overcome this limitation, we developed ADeS, a deep learning-based apoptosis detection system that employs the principle of activity recognition. We trained ADeS on extensive datasets containing more than 10,000 apoptotic instances collected both in vitro and in vivo, achieving a classification accuracy above 98% and outperforming state-of-the-art solutions. ADeS is the first method capable of detecting the location and duration of multiple apoptotic events in full microscopy timelapses, surpassing human performance in the same task. We demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of ADeS across various imaging modalities, cell types, and staining techniques. Finally, we employed ADeS to quantify cell survival in vitro and tissue damage in mice, demonstrating its potential application in toxicity assays, treatment evaluation, and inflammatory dynamics. Our findings suggest that ADeS is a valuable tool for the accurate detection and quantification of apoptosis in live-cell imaging and, in particular, intravital microscopy data, providing insights into the complex spatial-temporal regulation of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Pulfer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USILuganoSwitzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH ZurichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USILuganoSwitzerland
- Euler Institute, USILuganoSwitzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Pau Carrillo-Barberà
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USILuganoSwitzerland
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BioTecMed), Universitat de ValènciaValenciaSpain
| | - Paola Antonello
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USILuganoSwitzerland
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Benjamin Grädel
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Alessandro Giusti
- Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence, IDSIALuganoSwitzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USILuganoSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Olivier Pertz
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of BernBernSwitzerland
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Guo T, Geng X, Zhang Y, Hou L, Lu H, Xing M, Wang Y. New insights into the spleen injury by mitochondrial dysfunction of chicken under polystyrene microplastics stress. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103674. [PMID: 38583309 PMCID: PMC11004413 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics biological toxicity, environmental persistence and biological chemicals have been paid widespread attention. Microplastics exposed to chicken spleen injury of the specific mechanism is unclear. Thus, we randomly assigned chickens to 4 groups: C (normal diet), L-MPs (1 mg/L), M-MPs (10 mg/L), and H-MPs (100 mg/L), and assessed spleen damage after 42 d of exposure. Morphologically, the boundary between the red and white pulp of the spleen was blurred, along with the expansion of the white pulp. It was further speculated that microplastics induced mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis (Drp1 upgraded, Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1 reduced), and provoked the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (Bcl-2/Bax decreased, cytc, caspase3, and caspase9 raised), resulting in redox imbalance and lipid peroxide accumulation (MDA increased, CAT, GSH, and T-AOC plummeted), and further stimulated ferroptosis (FTH1, GPX4, and SLC7A11 decreased). Here we explored the impact of polystyrene microplastics on the spleen, as well as the programmed death (apoptosis and ferroptosis) involved, and the regulative role of mitochondria in this process. This could be of significant importance in bridging the gap in laboratory research on microplastics-induced spleen injury in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Xiren Geng
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Lulu Hou
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Hongmin Lu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China.
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Früh SP, Früh MA, Kaufer BB, Göbel TW. Unraveling the chicken T cell repertoire with enhanced genome annotation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359169. [PMID: 38550579 PMCID: PMC10972964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding the diversity and functionality of T cells within the host immune system. Yet, the chicken TCR repertoire remains poorly understood due to incomplete genome annotation of the TCR loci, despite the importance of chickens in agriculture and as an immunological model. Here, we addressed this critical issue by employing 5' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (5'RACE) TCR repertoire sequencing with molecular barcoding of complementary DNA (cDNA) molecules. Simultaneously, we enhanced the genome annotation of TCR Variable (V), Diversity (D, only present in β and δ loci) and Joining (J) genes in the chicken genome. To enhance the efficiency of TCR annotations, we developed VJ-gene-finder, an algorithm designed to extract VJ gene candidates from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. Using this tool, we achieved a comprehensive annotation of all known chicken TCR loci, including the α/δ locus on chromosome 27. Evolutionary analysis revealed that each locus evolved separately by duplication of long homology units. To define the baseline TCR diversity in healthy chickens and to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, we characterized the splenic α/β/γ/δ TCR repertoire. Analysis of the repertoires revealed preferential usage of specific V and J combinations in all chains, while the overall features were characteristic of unbiased repertoires. We observed moderate levels of shared complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) clonotypes among individual birds within the α and γ chain repertoires, including the most frequently occurring clonotypes. However, the β and δ repertoires were predominantly unique to each bird. Taken together, our TCR repertoire analysis allowed us to decipher the composition, diversity, and functionality of T cells in chickens. This work not only represents a significant step towards understanding avian T cell biology, but will also shed light on host-pathogen interactions, vaccine development, and the evolutionary history of avian immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P. Früh
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas W. Göbel
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Ueda J, Mamada Y, Taniai N, Yoshioka M, Matsushita A, Mizutani S, Kawano Y, Shimizu T, Kanda T, Takata H, Furuki H, Aoki Y, Kawashima M, Irie T, Ohno T, Haruna T, Yoshida H. Distribution of Splenic Arterial Flow and Segmental Spleen Volume for Partial Splenic Arterial Embolization. J NIPPON MED SCH 2024; 91:83-87. [PMID: 38072420 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2024_91-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The spleen is a lymphatic organ that manages immune surveillance of the blood, produces blood cells, and helps filter the blood, remove old blood cells, and fight infection. The normal splenic weight is approximately 65-265 g. This study evaluated spleen volume and segmental volume. METHODS 121 patients who underwent enhanced CT at our center were analyzed. The spleen was divided into upper, middle, and lower segments according to arterial flow area, and the volume of each segment was measured. Patients were classified into two groups as those with and without liver cirrhosis, and differences in the distribution of the segments in these groups was evaluated. RESULTS The mean upper, middle, and lower spleen segmental volume ratios were 35.4%, 37.0%, and 27.6%, respectively. In the liver cirrhosis group, the segmental splenic volume ratios for the upper, middle, and lower segments were 34.5%, 38.5%, and 28.0%, respectively, indicating that these ratios remain similar regardless of liver cirrhosis status. CONCLUSION The present findings on segmental spleen volume are useful for estimating infarction volume in cases of partial splenic arterial embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Ueda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Yasuhiro Mamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Nobuhiko Taniai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Masato Yoshioka
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Akira Matsushita
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Satoshi Mizutani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Yoichi Kawano
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Tetsuya Shimizu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Tomohiro Kanda
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital
| | - Hideyuki Takata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Hiroyasu Furuki
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital
| | - Yuto Aoki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Mampei Kawashima
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Toshiyuki Irie
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Takashi Ohno
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Takahiro Haruna
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School
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16
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Shu X, Wang J, Zeng H, Shao L. Progression of Notch signaling regulation of B cells under radiation exposure. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339977. [PMID: 38524139 PMCID: PMC10957566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
With the continuous development of nuclear technology, the radiation exposure caused by radiation therapy is a serious health hazard. It is of great significance to further develop effective radiation countermeasures. B cells easily succumb to irradiation exposure along with immunosuppressive response. The approach to ameliorate radiation-induced B cell damage is rarely studied, implying that the underlying mechanisms of B cell damage after exposure are eager to be revealed. Recent studies suggest that Notch signaling plays an important role in B cell-mediated immune response. Notch signaling is a critical regulator for B cells to maintain immune function. Although accumulating studies reported that Notch signaling contributes to the functionality of hematopoietic stem cells and T cells, its role in B cells is scarcely appreciated. Presently, we discussed the regulation of Notch signaling on B cells under radiation exposure to provide a scientific basis to prevent radiation-induced B cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shu
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihong Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Spoor K, Cull JD, Otaibi BW, Hazelton JP, Chipko J, Reynolds J, Fugate S, Pederson C, Zier LB, Jacobson LE, Williams JM, Easterday TS, Byerly S, Mentzer C, Hawke E, Cullinane DC, Ontengco JB, Bugaev N, LeClair M, Udekwu P, Josephs C, Noorbaksh M, Babowice J, Velopulos CG, Urban S, Goldenberg A, Ghobrial G, Pickering JM, Quarfordt SD, Aunchman AF, LaRiccia AK, Spalding C, Catalano RD, Basham JE, Edmundson PM, Nahmias J, Tay E, Norwood SH, Meadows K, Wong Y, Hardman C. Failure rates of nonoperative management of low-grade splenic injuries with active extravasation: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma multicenter study. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2024; 9:e001159. [PMID: 38464553 PMCID: PMC10921525 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is little evidence guiding the management of grade I-II traumatic splenic injuries with contrast blush (CB). We aimed to analyze the failure rate of nonoperative management (NOM) of grade I-II splenic injuries with CB in hemodynamically stable patients. Methods A multicenter, retrospective cohort study examining all grade I-II splenic injuries with CB was performed at 21 institutions from January 1, 2014, to October 31, 2019. Patients >18 years old with grade I or II splenic injury due to blunt trauma with CB on CT were included. The primary outcome was the failure of NOM requiring angioembolization/operation. We determined the failure rate of NOM for grade I versus grade II splenic injuries. We then performed bivariate comparisons of patients who failed NOM with those who did not. Results A total of 145 patients were included. Median Injury Severity Score was 17. The combined rate of failure for grade I-II injuries was 20.0%. There was no statistical difference in failure of NOM between grade I and II injuries with CB (18.2% vs 21.1%, p>0.05). Patients who failed NOM had an increased median hospital length of stay (p=0.024) and increased need for blood transfusion (p=0.004) and massive transfusion (p=0.030). Five patients (3.4%) died and 96 (66.2%) were discharged home, with no differences between those who failed and those who did not fail NOM (both p>0.05). Conclusion NOM of grade I-II splenic injuries with CB fails in 20% of patients. Level of evidence IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Spoor
- Prisma Health Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - John David Cull
- Surgery, Prisma Health Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Banan W Otaibi
- Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - John Chipko
- Research Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Sam Fugate
- University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Linda B Zier
- Medical Center of the Rockies, Loveland, Colorado, USA
| | - Lewis E Jacobson
- Trauma Department, St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jamie M Williams
- Trauma Department, St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | | | - Caleb Mentzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Edward Hawke
- Spartanburg Regional Health System, Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Pascal Udekwu
- Surgery, WakeMed Health and Hospitals, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Shane Urban
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- Trauma, Acute Care Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Cooper University Hospital Regional Trauma Center, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alia F Aunchman
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Chance Spalding
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Grant Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard D Catalano
- Loma Linda University Adventist Health Sciences Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Erika Tay
- Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Yee Wong
- Premier Health Partners Inc, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire Hardman
- Wright State Physicians, Department of Surgery, Dayton, Ohio, USA
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18
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Painter M, Miller PR. Preventing outliers: circumventing non-operative management failure. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2024; 9:e001351. [PMID: 38464552 PMCID: PMC10921541 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2023-001351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Painter
- Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Preston R Miller
- Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Corvera G, Alegría-Morán R, Cifuentes FF, Torres CG. Pathological Characterization and Risk Factors of Splenic Nodular Lesions in Dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:802. [PMID: 38473187 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In dogs, the spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that can be affected by both neoplastic and non-neoplastic nodules. In general, few studies relate histopathological diagnosis to tumor size and the number of nodules in spleen biopsies. Some of these studies are inconclusive regarding the difference between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions and have small sample sizes or do not consider all splenic lesions. This study aimed to characterize splenic masses and determine risk factors for spleen tumors in dogs. A total of 507 histological reports corresponding to the diagnosis of splenic lesions in dogs from a private laboratory of animal pathology in the Metropolitan Region, Chile, were used. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. The most frequent neoplastic and non-neoplastic diagnoses were hemangiosarcoma and hyperplasia, respectively. Most of the cases occurred in male (265 cases, 52.3%), senior (421 cases, 83%), and purebred individuals (342 cases, 67.5%). The most affected breeds were the Cocker Spaniel, German Shepherd, and Labrador Retriever. The most frequent lesion was a single nodule. The variables that exhibited a greater risk for the presentation of splenic neoplasia were male sex (odds ratio (OR) = 16.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.741-150.879; p = 0.014), the presence of two or more splenic nodules (OR = 3.94; 95% CI 2.168-7.177; p < 0.001), an increase in nodule size greater than 2 cm (OR for quartiles 2, 3 and 4 of 2.2; 95% CI 1.036-4.941; p = 0.041, 2.9; 95% CI 1.331-6.576; p = 0.008, and 3.6; 95% CI 1.562-8.499; p = 0.003, respectively), and increasing age (OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.048-1.436; p = 0.011). On the other hand, males exhibited a lower risk as age increases (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.615-0.928; p = 0.008). In conclusion, this study identified that males, multinodular presentation, nodule size, and age are risk factors for the occurrence of splenic neoplasia in dogs, knowledge that will contribute to the diagnostic management of dogs with spleen lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Corvera
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Raúl Alegría-Morán
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources and Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile
| | | | - Cristian Gabriel Torres
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Centralized Veterinary Research Lab, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
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Jing M, Li S, Zhao S, House JD. Splenic gene expression of cytokines at multiple time points following lipopolysaccharide challenge in layers. Am J Vet Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38422614 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in layers. ANIMALS 33 40-week-old laying hens were used. METHODS 30 laying hens were divided into 2 groups: the first group was injected with 8 mg/kg LPS, while the second group was injected with sterile saline. At the start of the study, 3 birds served as a baseline and were used as the time 0 controls for both the saline and LPS-treated groups. Blood and spleen tissues were collected at 0 (before) and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours after injection. RESULTS LPS administration increased splenic mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (P < .001) and serum IL-6 levels (P < .01) compared to saline injection. The mRNA expression of most cytokine genes increased rapidly toward peak values within 2 hours after the LPS injection, and then the difference between the saline and LPS treatments got smaller as time went on; serum IL-6 reached its highest concentration 2 hours after LPS administration. The magnitude of LPS-induced upregulation of gene expression was the highest for IL-6, followed by IL-1β and IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α was the least affected. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The temporal and quantitative profile of these inflammatory mediators generated from this study provides valuable information in identifying the optimal time window and appropriate biomarkers for LPS-induced inflammation, which has significant implications in evaluating the effects of interventions on the immune system of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Jing
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shusheng Zhao
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - James D House
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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21
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Wang J, Hu Y, Xu Y, Long Q, Gu C, Tang C, Wang R, Yong S. Phospholipase D regulates ferroptosis signal transduction in mouse spleen hypoxia response. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13218. [PMID: 38451609 PMCID: PMC10913393 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
High-altitude hypoxia exposure can lead to phospholipase D-mediated lipid metabolism disorder in spleen tissues and induce ferroptosis. Nonetheless, the key genes underlying hypoxia-induced splenic phospholipase D and the ferroptosis pathway remain unclear. This study aimed to establish a hypoxia animal model. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showed that 95 predicted target genes (proteins) were significantly differentially expressed under hypoxic conditions. Key genes in phospholipase D and ferroptosis pathways under hypoxic exposure were identified by combining Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis techniques. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that the differential gene sets of the phospholipase D and ferroptosis signaling pathways were upregulated in the high-altitude hypoxia group. The genes in the phospholipase D signalling pathway were verified, and the expression levels of KIT and DGKG were upregulated in spleen tissues under hypoxic exposure. Subsequently, the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes from the exogenous pathway such as TFRC, SLC40A1, SLC7A11, TRP53, and FTH1 and those from the endogenous pathway such as GPX4, HMOX1, and ALOX15 differentials in the ferroptosis signalling pathway were verified, and the results indicated significant differential expression. In summary, exposure to high-altitude hypoxia mediated phospholipid metabolism disturbance through the phospholipase D signalling pathway and further induced ferroptosis, leading to splenic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Qifu Long
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Cunlin Gu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Chaoqun Tang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Sheng Yong
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
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22
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Ferrari R, Marconato L, Boracchi P, Stefanello D, Godizzi F, Murgia D, Schievenin V, Amati M, Faroni E, Roccabianca P. Splenic stromal sarcomas in dogs: Outcome and clinicopathological prognostic factors in 32 cases. Vet Comp Oncol 2024; 22:12-21. [PMID: 37918913 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the low frequency and the changes in diagnostic techniques and terminology during the last few years, only little clinical information is available on splenic stromal sarcoma (SSS). This multi-institutional study aimed at gathering clinical cases of SSS in dogs and investigates their clinical behaviour, as well as analyse possible clinicopathological prognostic factors, including the use of adjuvant therapy. Dogs with a histologically confirmed SSS that underwent splenectomy were retrospectively included. To be included in the study, either FFPE tissue blocks or multiple tissue sections had to be available for histopathologic and immunohistochemical revision. Clinical and pathological variables, along with adjuvant therapy data, were collected. Cumulative incidence of metastatic disease was analysed through univariate and bivariate analyses. The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on metastasis incidence and survival was assessed, considering an estimated propensity score. A total of 32 dogs were included. Among them, 22 developed metastases with an incidence of 37.5%, 59.38%, and 65.94% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Univariate analysis identified mitotic count, total scoring, and necrosis as prognostic factors. In bivariate analysis, mitotic count remained prognostic. The administration of adjuvant chemotherapy did not have an impact on metastasis incidence or survival time. The study found that dogs with SSSs are at high risk of metastasis, although a small subgroup may experience longer survival after splenectomy. Mitotic count was the only variable having a reliable prognostic impact. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not appear to decrease the incidence of metastasis or prolong survival in these dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Biometria ed Epidemiologia "G.A. Maccacaro", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Francesco Godizzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Amati
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Eugenio Faroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
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23
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Yadav S. Pre-extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis With a Giant Primary Splenic Hydatid Cyst With Multiple Adverse Drug Reactions. Cureus 2024; 16:e55722. [PMID: 38586676 PMCID: PMC10998647 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a noteworthy threat to public health, especially in high-burden countries. Management of these types of tuberculosis is lengthy and associated with a number of adverse drug reactions. Pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is a serious type of disease that is caused by the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are resistant to either rifampicin or both, i.e., rifampicin and isoniazid, and resistant to any fluoroquinolones. A splenic hydatid cyst is relatively rare and has never been reported in a case of pre-extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The present case is a rare case of a young Indian male who was diagnosed with pre-extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis through a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test and second-line drug susceptibility testing. Further, a diagnostic radiometric investigation showed a giant hydatid cyst in the spleen. He was started on an all-oral longer treatment regimen per the existing protocols. However, his treatment was associated with multiple adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankalp Yadav
- Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, New Delhi, IND
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24
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He JN, Zhang Y, Zheng YJ, Xu HF, Li YJ, Mi JX, Zhao WY, Yang X, Hao GF, Zhao SS, Liu HW. [Non-targeted metabolomics of spleen and liver metabolism in mice treated with Pruni Semen processed with different methods]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1225-1239. [PMID: 38621969 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231113.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to investigate the impacts of Pruni Semen processed with different methods(raw and fried) on the liver and spleen metabolism in mice. A total of 24 male mice were randomly assigned to three groups: raw Pruni Semen group, fried Pruni Semen group, and control(deionized water) group. Mice in the three groups were orally administrated with 0.01 g·mL~(-1) Pruni Semen decoction or deionized water for one week. After that, the liver and spleen tissues were collected, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)-based metabolomic analysis was carried out to investigate the impact of Pruni Semen on the liver and spleen metabolism in mice. Compared with thte control group, the raw Pruni Semen group showed up-regulation of 11 metabolites and down-regulation of 57 metabolites in the spleen(P<0.05), as well as up-regulation of 15 metabolites and down-regulation of 58 metabolites in the liver(P<0.05). The fried Pruni Semen group showed up-regulation of 31 metabolites and down-regulation of 10 metabolites in the spleen(P<0.05), along with up-regulation of 26 metabolites and down-regulation of 61 metabolites in the liver(P<0.05). The differential metabolites identified in the raw Pruni Semen group were primarily associated with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, purine metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. The differential metabolites identified in the fried Pruni Semen group predominantly involved riboflavin metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, purine metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. The findings suggest that both raw and fried Pruni Semen have the potential to modulate the metabolism of the liver and spleen in mice by influencing the glutamine and glutamate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Nuo He
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Yu-Jia Zheng
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Yu-Jian Li
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Mi
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Wen-Ya Zhao
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
| | - Guang-Fei Hao
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineer Handan 056038, China
| | - Hong-Wei Liu
- Institute of Biology, Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050081, China
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25
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Tavares LS, Oliveira-Silva RL, Moura MT, da Silva JB, Benko-Iseppon AM, Lima-Filho JV. Reference genes for gene expression profiling in mouse models of Listeria monocytogenes infection. Biotechniques 2024; 76:104-113. [PMID: 38112054 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2023-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RT-qPCR dissects transcription-based processes but requires reference genes (RGs) for data normalization. This study prospected RGs for mouse macrophages (pMØ) and spleen infected with Listeria monocytogenes. The pMØ were infected in vitro with L. monocytogenes or vehicle for 4 h. Mice were injected with L. monocytogenes (or vehicle) and euthanized 24 h post-injection. The RGs came from a multispecies primer set, from the literature or designed here. The RG ranking relied on GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, Delta-CT and RefFinder. B2m-H3f3a-Ppia were the most stable RGs for pMØ, albeit RG indexes fine-tuned estimations of cytokine relative expression. Actβ-Ubc-Ppia were the best RGs for spleen but modestly impacted the cytokine relative expression. Hence, mouse models of L. monocytogenes require context-specific RGs for RT-qPCR, thus reinforcing its paramount contribution to accurate gene expression profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Tigre Moura
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Campus I, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | | | | | - José Vitor Lima-Filho
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
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26
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Ayed-Boussema I, Rjiba K, M'nassri A, Hamdi H, Abid S. Subchronic exposure to fenpyroximate causes multiorgan toxicity in Wistar rats by disrupting lipid profile, inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage. Biomarkers 2024; 29:68-77. [PMID: 38299991 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2313663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fenpyroximate (FEN) is an acaricide that inhibits the complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in mites. Data concerning mammalian toxicity of this acaricide are limited; thus the aim of this work was to explore FEN toxicity on Wistar rats, particularly on cardiac, pulmonary, and splenic tissues and in bone marrow cells. METHODS rats were treated orally with FEN at 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/Kg bw for 28 days. After treatment, we analyzed lipid profile, oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat tissues. RESULTS FEN exposure increased creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, elevated total cholesterol (T-CHOL), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, while decreasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). It inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, enhanced lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and modulated antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase). Comet assay indicated that FEN induced a dose-dependent DNA damage, contrasting with the micronucleus test showing no micronuclei formation. Nonetheless, FEN exhibited cytotoxicity to bone marrow cells, as evidenced by a reduction in the number of immature erythrocytes among total cells. CONCLUSION FEN appears to carry out its genotoxic and cytotoxic activities most likely through an indirect pathway that involves oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ayed-Boussema
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Karima Rjiba
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Asma M'nassri
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Hiba Hamdi
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
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27
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Chen Q, Song Y, He Z, Yang G, Wang J, Li X, Wang W, Yuan X, Hu J, He H, Li L, Wang J, Hu S. Effects of cage vs. net-floor mixed rearing system on goose spleen histomorphology and gene expression profiles. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1335152. [PMID: 38414655 PMCID: PMC10896902 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1335152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the demands for both environmental protection and modernization of the goose industry in China, the traditional goose waterside rearing systems have been gradually transitioning to the modern intensive dryland rearing ones, such as the net-floor mixed rearing system (MRS) and cage rearing system (CRS). However, the goose immune responses to different dryland rearing systems remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate and compare the age-dependent effects of MRS and CRS on the splenic histomorphological characteristics and immune-related genes expression profiles among three economically important goose breeds, including Sichuan White goose (SW), Gang goose (GE), and Landes goose (LD). Morphological analysis revealed that the splenic weight and organ index of SW were higher under CRS than under MRS (p < 0.05). Histological observations showed that for SW and LD, the splenic corpuscle diameter and area as well as trabecular artery diameter were larger under MRS than under CRS at 30 or 43 weeks of age (p < 0.05), while the splenic red pulp area of GE was larger under CRS than under MRS at 43 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Besides, at 43 weeks of age, higher mRNA expression levels of NGF, SPI1, and VEGFA in spleens of SW were observed under MRS than under CRS (p < 0.05), while higher levels of HSPA2 and NGF in spleens of LD were observed under MRS than under CRS (p < 0.05). For GE, there were higher mRNA expression levels of MYD88 in spleens under CRS at 30 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Moreover, our correlation analysis showed that there appeared to be more pronounced positive associations between the splenic histological parameters and expression levels of several key immune-related genes under MRS than under CRS. Therefore, it is speculated that the geese reared under MRS might exhibit enhanced immune functions than those under CRS, particularly for SW and LD. Although these phenotypic differences are assumed to be associated with the age-dependent differential expression profiles of HSPA2, MYD88, NGF, SPI1, and VEGFA in the goose spleen, the underlying regulatory mechanisms await further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyu He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- Department of Animal Production, General Station of Animal Husbandry of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Geng X, Chen S. Discussion on "Five zang-organs all can lead to low back pain, not only the kidney". Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2024; 44:204-208. [PMID: 38373768 DOI: 10.13703/j.0255-2930.20230503-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the common disease in the department of acupuncture and moxibustion in hospital and is treated basically in terms of kidney deficiency. Through clinical observation and in association with classic literature, the authors proposes that the five zang-organs all can lead to LBP relevant to internal injury. Based on the analysis of typical cases, the authors expounds the nature of pain caused by each zang-organ and clarified the keys of the differentiation. LBP related to the liver is manifested mainly as lumbar soreness and distending pain, accompanied by the limited forward and backward extension of the lumbar vertebra. When the dysfunction of the heart and lung are involved, the hollow pain is dominant, combined with the weakness and emptiness feeling in the lumbar region. When LBP is caused by the dysfunction of the spleen, muscular pain is the chief complaint, combined with heaviness and soreness in the local, and the stiffness on palpation. When rooted at the kidney, LBP is manifested chiefly by dull pain, with deep location of illness, mostly around the lumbar sacral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Geng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of CM, Beijing 100700, China.
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29
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Hu S, Song Y, Li X, Chen Q, Tang B, Chen J, Yang G, Yan H, Wang J, Wang W, Hu J, He H, Li L, Wang J. Comparative transcriptomics analysis identifies crucial genes and pathways during goose spleen development. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1327166. [PMID: 38375472 PMCID: PMC10875100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1327166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As the largest peripheral lymphoid organ in poultry, the spleen plays an essential role in regulating the body's immune capacity. However, compared with chickens and ducks, information about the age- and breed-related changes in the goose spleen remains scarce. In this study, we systematically analyzed and compared the age-dependent changes in the morphological, histological, and transcriptomic characteristics between Landes goose (LG; Anser anser) and Sichuan White goose (SWG; Anser cygnoides). The results showed a gradual increase in the splenic weights for both LG and SWG until week 10, while their splenic organ indexes reached the peak at week 6. Meanwhile, the splenic histological indexes of both goose breeds continuously increased with age, reaching the highest levels at week 30. The red pulp (RP) area was significantly higher in SWG than in LG at week 0, while the splenic corpuscle (AL) diameter was significantly larger in LG than in SWG at week 30. At the transcriptomic level, a total of 1710 and 1266 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between week 0 and week 30 were identified in spleens of LG and SWG, respectively. Meanwhile, a total of 911 and 808 DEGs in spleens between LG and SWG were identified at weeks 0 and 30, respectively. Both GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the age-related DEGs of LG or SWG were dominantly enriched in the Cell cycle, TGF-beta signaling, and Wnt signaling pathways, while most of the breed-related DEGs were enriched in the Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, ECM-receptor interaction, and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, through construction of protein-protein interaction networks using significant DEGs, it was inferred that three hub genes including BUB1, BUB1B, and TTK could play crucial roles in regulating age-dependent goose spleen development while GRIA2, GRIA4, and RYR2 could be crucial for the breed-specific goose spleen development. These data provide novel insights into the splenic developmental differences between Chinese and European domestic geese, and the identified crucial pathways and genes are helpful for a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating goose immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bincheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiasen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- Department of Animal Production, General Station of Animal Husbandry of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua He
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Natarajan P, Horak K, Rowe J, Yoon S, Lingo J, Tomich JM, Fleming SD. Biodistribution Analysis of Peptide-Coated Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles: A Simple and Quantitative Method. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:970-981. [PMID: 38206824 PMCID: PMC10918533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Biodistribution tracks compounds or molecules of interest in vivo to understand a compound's anticipated efficacy and safety. Nanoparticles deliver nucleic acid and drug payloads and enhance tumor permeability due to multiple properties such as high surface area to volume ratio, surface functionalization, and modifications. Studying the in vivo biodistribution of nanoparticles documents the effectiveness and safety of nanoparticles and facilitates a more application-driven approach for nanoparticle development that allows for more successful translation into clinical use. In this study, we present a relatively simple method to determine the biodistribution of magnetic iron nanoparticles in mice. In vitro, cells take up branched amphiphilic peptide-coated magnetic nanobeads (BAPc-MNBs) like their counterparts, i.e., branched amphiphilic peptide capsules (BAPCs) with a hollow water-filled core. Both BAPc-MNBs and BAPCs have widespread applications as a nanodelivery system. We evaluated the BAPc-MNBs tissue distribution in wild-type mice injected intravenously (i.v.), intraperitoneally (i.p.), or orally gavaged to understand the biological interactions and to further the development of branched amphiphilic peptide-based nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles allowed collection of the BAPc-MNBs from multiple organs by magnetic bead sorting, followed by a high-throughput screening for iron content. When injected i.v., nanoparticles were distributed widely to various organs before elimination from the system via the intestines in feces. The spleen accumulated the highest amount of BAPc-MNBs in mice administered NPs via i.v. and i.p. but not via oral gavage. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the magnetic sorting not only allowed quantification of the BAPc-MNBs but also identified the distribution of BAPc-MNBs after distinct administration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
| | - Katherine Horak
- National Wildlife Research Center, USDA APHIS WS, Fort Collins, CO, USA 80521
| | - Jennifer Rowe
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
| | - Sungmin Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
| | - Joshua Lingo
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
| | - John M Tomich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
| | - Sherry D Fleming
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA 66506
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Song G, Zhang Y, Gao H, Fu Y, Chen Y, Yin Y, Xu K. Differences in Immune Characteristics and Related Gene Expression in Spleen among Ningxiang, Berkshire Breeds and Their Hybrid Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:205. [PMID: 38397195 PMCID: PMC10888219 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the differential immunology in Ningxiang and Berkshire pigs and their F1 offspring (F1 offspring), physiological and biochemical indicators in the plasma and spleen were analyzed. Then, transcriptomic analysis of the spleen identified 1348, 408, and 207 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in comparisons of Ningxiang vs. Berkshire, Berkshire vs. F1 offspring, and Ningxiang vs. F1 offspring, respectively. In Ningxiang vs. Berkshire pigs, the gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the DEGs included CD163, MARCO, CXCL14, CCL19, and PPBP, which are associated with immunity. GO and KEGG analyses were also conducted comparing F1 offspring and their parents. The DEGs, including BPIFB1, HAVCR2, CD163, DDX3X, CCR5, and ITGB3, were enriched in immune-related pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis indicated that the EGFR and ITGA2 genes were key hub genes. In conclusion, this study identifies significant immune DEGs in different pig breeds, providing data to support the exploration of breeding strategies for disease resistance in local and crossbred pig populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.G.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.G.); (Y.F.)
| | - Hu Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.G.); (Y.F.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (G.S.); (Y.Z.); (H.G.); (Y.F.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
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Gajghate S, Li H, Rom S. GPR55 Inactivation Diminishes Splenic Responses and Improves Neurological Outcomes in the Mouse Ischemia/Reperfusion Stroke Model. Cells 2024; 13:280. [PMID: 38334672 PMCID: PMC10855118 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Although strokes are frequent and severe, treatment options are scarce. Plasminogen activators, the only FDA-approved agents for clot treatment (tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs)), are used in a limited patient group. Moreover, there are few approaches for handling the brain's inflammatory reactions to a stroke. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55)'s connection to inflammatory processes has been recently reported; however, its role in stroke remains to be discovered. Post-stroke neuroinflammation involves the central nervous system (CNS)'s resident microglia activation and the infiltration of leukocytes from circulation into the brain. Additionally, splenic responses have been shown to be detrimental to stroke recovery. While lymphocytes enter the brain in small numbers, they regularly emerge as a very influential leukocyte subset that causes secondary inflammatory cerebral damage. However, an understanding of how this limited lymphocyte presence profoundly impacts stroke outcomes remains largely unclear. In this study, a mouse model for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was used to mimic ischemia followed by a reperfusion (IS/R) stroke. GPR55 inactivation, with a potent GPR55-specific antagonist, ML-193, starting 6 h after tMCAO or the absence of the GPR55 in mice (GPR55 knock out (GPR55ko)) resulted in a reduced infarction volume, improved neurological outcomes, and decreased splenic responses. The inhibition of GPR55 with ML-193 diminished CD4+T-cell spleen egress and attenuated CD4+T-cell brain infiltration. Additionally, ML-193 treatment resulted in an augmented number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the brain post-tMCAO. Our report offers documentation and the functional evaluation of GPR55 in the brain-spleen axis and lays the foundation for refining therapeutics for patients after ischemic attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hongbo Li
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
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Wu M, Li Z, Luo L, Zhao W, Luo J. Metastatic splenic angiosarcoma presenting with anemia and bone marrow fibrosis mimicking primary myelofibrosis: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 20:16. [PMID: 38274087 PMCID: PMC10809309 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcomas, originating from endothelial cells, are infrequent soft tissue sarcomas characterized by a high propensity for metastasis and an unfavorable prognosis. Splenic angiosarcoma, an exceedingly rare and aggressive neoplasm, exhibits variable clinical manifestations. The present case report describes a patient initially exhibiting anemia and bone marrow fibrosis, mimicking primary myelofibrosis, ultimately diagnosed with splenic angiosarcoma. The findings of the present case report underscore the importance of considering splenectomy for histopathological confirmation. Employing a panel of vascular differentiation markers is invaluable for establishing the diagnosis of angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqing Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Tian X, Yin Z, Li Z, Wang Z, Xing Z, Liu C, Wang L, Wang C, Zhang J, Dong L. Regeneration of Thyroid Glands in the Spleen Restores Homeostasis in Thyroidectomy Mice. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305913. [PMID: 38059822 PMCID: PMC10853707 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland (TG) for treating thyroid disorders leaves the patients on lifelong hormone replacement that partially compensates the physiological needs, but regenerating TG is challenging. Here, an approach is reported to regenerate TG within the spleen for fully restoring the thyroid's functions in mice, by transplanting thyroid tissue blocks to the spleen. Within 48 h, the transplanted tissue efficiently revascularizes, forming thyroid follicles similar to the native gland after 4 weeks. Structurally, the ectopically generated thyroid integrates with the surrounding splenic tissue while maintaining its integrity, separate from the lymphatic tissue. Functionally, it fully restores the native functions of the TG in hormone regulation in response to physiological stimuli, outperforming the established method of oral levothyroxine therapy in maintaining systemic homeostasis. The study demonstrates the full restoration of thyroid functions post-thyroidectomy by intrasplenic TG regeneration, providing fresh insights for designing novel therapies for thyroid-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐Jiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Zhi‐Jie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Zhen‐Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Zhen‐Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Zhen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
- NJU Xishan Institute of Applied BiotechnologyXishan DistrictWuxiJiangsu214101China
| | - Chun‐Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Lin‐Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Chun‐Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauTaipaMacau SAR999078China
| | - Jun‐Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
- NJU Xishan Institute of Applied BiotechnologyXishan DistrictWuxiJiangsu214101China
- National Resource Center for Mutant MiceNanjing210023China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovative CenterNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China
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Vijayanarayanan A, Wang SA, Garces S, Saluja K, Medeiros LJ, Thakral B. Non-V600E BRAF mutation in hairy cell leukemia variant. EJHaem 2024; 5:266-268. [PMID: 38406543 PMCID: PMC10887325 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjanaa Vijayanarayanan
- Department of HematopathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Sa A. Wang
- Department of HematopathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Sofia Garces
- Department of HematopathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Karan Saluja
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMcGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - L. Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of HematopathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Beenu Thakral
- Department of HematopathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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Zhao J, Zhang L, Li P, Liu S, Yu S, Chen Z, Zhu M, Xie S, Ling D, Li F. An Immunomodulatory Zinc-Alum/Ovalbumin Nanovaccine Boosts Cancer Metalloimmunotherapy Through Erythrocyte-Assisted Cascade Immune Activation. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2307389. [PMID: 38064201 PMCID: PMC10853754 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Cancer therapeutic vaccines are powerful tools for immune system activation and eliciting protective responses against tumors. However, their efficacy has often been hindered by weak and slow immune responses. Here, the authors introduce an immunization strategy employing senescent erythrocytes to facilitate the accumulation of immunomodulatory zinc-Alum/ovalbumin (ZAlum/OVA) nanovaccines within both the spleen and solid tumors by temporarily saturating liver macrophages. This approach sets the stage for boosted cancer metalloimmunotherapy through a cascade immune activation. The accumulation of ZAlum/OVA nanovaccines in the spleen substantially enhances autophagy-dependent antigen presentation in dendritic cells, rapidly initiating OVA-specific T-cell responses against solid tumors. Concurrently, ZAlum/OVA nanovaccines accumulated in the tumor microenvironment trigger immunogenic cell death, leading to the induction of individualized tumor-associated antigen-specific T cell responses and increased T cell infiltration. This erythrocyte-assisted cascade immune activation using ZAlum/OVA nanovaccines results in rapid and robust antitumor immunity induction, holding great potential for clinical cancer metalloimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)Aarhus UniversityAarhusC DK‐8000Denmark
| | - Pin Li
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Shanbiao Liu
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Yu
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Mingjian Zhu
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Shangzhi Xie
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Biomedical EngineeringNational Center for Translational MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
- World Laureates Association (WLA) LaboratoriesShanghai201203P. R. China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Institute of PharmaceuticsHangzhou Institute of Innovative MedicineCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
- World Laureates Association (WLA) LaboratoriesShanghai201203P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou310009P. R. China
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Delgado-de la Mora J, Martín-Nares E, Quintero-Bustos G, Montante-Montes de Oca D, Martínez Benitez B. Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of the Spleen in a Patient With Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis. Cureus 2024; 16:e53907. [PMID: 38465190 PMCID: PMC10924643 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We present an intriguing case involving a rare occurrence of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) in a 57-year-old woman with a history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Despite the extensive literature on SANT, its pathogenesis remains elusive. The patient, diagnosed with serum anti-proteinase 3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA)-positive GPA seven years earlier, exhibited a splenic lesion during imaging, leading to laparoscopic splenectomy due to severe abdominal pain. Microscopic analysis unveiled nodular structures with vascular elements surrounded by fibrosclerotic stroma and chronic inflammatory cells. This case raises questions about the interplay between SANT, GPA activity, and vascular damage. Hypotheses regarding SANT's origin, including its potential association with organized hematoma or alterations in splenic blood flow, are discussed. The uniqueness of this case lies in the coexistence of PR3-ANCA-positive GPA and SANT, suggesting a potential link between GPA activity, vascular damage, and SANT development. While causality remains uncertain, this report marks the first documented case of a patient with PR3-ANCA-positive GPA developing SANT. The findings prompt reflection on a potential common pathophysiological mechanism and underscore the importance of considering SANT in cases of splenic lesions associated with conditions causing alterations in splenic blood flow. This contribution serves as a valuable addition to the existing knowledge, urging further research and consideration of SANT in diagnostic scenarios involving splenic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Martín-Nares
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, MEX
| | | | | | - Braulio Martínez Benitez
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, MEX
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Boulassel MR, Al-Rubkhi K, Al-Qasabi J, El-Ghamry I, Khan H, Panjwani V, Qureshi RN, Al-Mamari S, Al-Qarni Z, Al-Kindi M, Al-Nabhani A, Al-Gharibi K, Wali Y, Pathare A. Impact of splenectomy on circulating microparticles in patients with sickle cell anemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2024; 46:141-147. [PMID: 37661331 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating microparticles (MP) are being described as potential biomarkers for disease activity in a variety of conditions including sickle cell anemia (SCA). However, relatively little is known about the influence of spleen status on MP levels in patients with SCA. METHODS Using a prospective study design we characterize circulating MP in 144 patients with SCA in steady state by assessing their cellular origin and their relationships to spleen status defined by clinical and imaging findings. In addition, MP levels were studied according to demographic characteristics, clinical status, treatment modalities, and other hematological and biochemical parameters. Absolute plasma concentrations of MP were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS Patients with SCA displayed a 10-fold increase in levels of MP derived from red blood cell (RBC) and platelets (PLT) when compared to their healthy counterparts (p < 0.0001). Splenectomized patients with SCA have more pronounced levels of MPRBC and MPPLT, and remained elevated after several weeks of follow-up. Levels of MP were not significantly associated with spleen removal procedures, age, gender, clinical severity score, hydroxyurea therapy, hemoglobin F, and co-existence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results suggest that splenectomy affects circulating levels of MP regardless of the known SCA modifiers and correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Rachid Boulassel
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Khoula Al-Rubkhi
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Jamal Al-Qasabi
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Islam El-Ghamry
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hammad Khan
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Vinodh Panjwani
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rizwan Nabi Qureshi
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sahimah Al-Mamari
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Zahra Al-Qarni
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohamed Al-Kindi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Nabhani
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Khalaf Al-Gharibi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yasser Wali
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Anil Pathare
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Sciberras P, Baitule A, Wilkins A, Buchanan A. Primary Serous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Spleen. Cureus 2024; 16:e55165. [PMID: 38558745 PMCID: PMC10980539 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumours of the spleen are uncommon, and most are metastases from primaries in other organs. Primary splenic malignancies are subdivided into two main groups: lymphoid and non-lymphoid. Primary splenic cystadenocarcinomas are extremely rare, and only reports of the mucinous variant exist. We present the case of a female in her eighth decade of life who was found to have an incidental complex splenic mass with a cystic component, which showed an interval increase in size on serial imaging. After further investigation, including positron emission tomography (PET), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and laparoscopy, she successfully underwent distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and partial gastrectomy for a suspected locally invasive pancreatic malignancy. Histology and immunohistochemical analyses were consistent with the first recorded case of primary serous cystadenocarcinoma of the spleen in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sciberras
- Surgery, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, GBR
| | - Amey Baitule
- Pathology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, GBR
| | | | - Alex Buchanan
- Surgery, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, GBR
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40
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Dong L, Wu J, Di G. Static electric field inhibits the proliferation and secretion functions of splenic lymphocytes in mice. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1136-1146. [PMID: 37070850 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2202900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the effects of static electric field (SEF) generated by ultra-high voltage (UHV) direct current (DC) transmission lines on health has drawn public attention. To study the effects of SEF on the spleen, mice were exposed to 56.3 ± 1.4 kV/m SEF. Results showed that on the 28th day of SEF exposure, the contents of IL-10 and IFN-γ in the supernatant of homogenate, the proliferation levels of lymphocytes and the content of intracellular ROS decreased significantly, while the activity of SOD increased significantly. Meanwhile, the rupture of cellular membrane, the deficiency of mitochondrial cristae and the vacuolization of mitochondria appeared in lymphocytes. Analysis showed that the rupture of the cellular membrane caused the death of T lymphocytes, which would lead to the reduction of IL-10 and IFN-γ secretions. The damage of mitochondria could reduce the production of ATP and the content of ROS, which could inhibit the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guoqing Di
- Institute of Environmental Process, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Nakayama Y, Masuda Y, Mukae T, Mikami T, Shimizu R, Kondo N, Kitagawa H, Itoh N, Konishi M. A secretory protein neudesin regulates splenic red pulp macrophages in erythrophagocytosis and iron recycling. Commun Biol 2024; 7:129. [PMID: 38272969 PMCID: PMC10811329 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neudesin, originally identified as a neurotrophic factor, has primarily been studied for its neural functions despite its widespread expression. Using 8-week-old neudesin knockout mice, we elucidated the role of neudesin in the spleen. The absence of neudesin caused mild splenomegaly, shortened lifespan of circulating erythrocytes, and abnormal recovery from phenylhydrazine-induced acute anemia. Blood cross-transfusion and splenectomy experiments revealed that the shortened lifespan of erythrocytes was attributable to splenic impairment. Further analysis revealed increased erythrophagocytosis and decreased iron stores in the splenic red pulp, which was linked to the upregulation of Fcγ receptors and iron-recycling genes in neudesin-deficient macrophages. In vitro analysis confirmed that neudesin suppressed erythrophagocytosis and expression of Fcγ receptors through ERK1/2 activation in heme-stimulated macrophages. Finally, we observed that 24-week-old neudesin knockout mice exhibited severe symptoms of anemia. Collectively, our results suggest that neudesin regulates the function of red pulp macrophages and contributes to erythrocyte and iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuki Masuda
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takehiro Mukae
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Mikami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryohei Shimizu
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoto Kondo
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morichika Konishi
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan.
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Jiao Z, Jiang J, Meng Y, Wu G, Tang J, Chen T, Fu Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Gao H, Man C, Chen Q, Du L, Wang F, Chen S. Immune Cells in the Spleen of Mice Mediate the Inflammatory Response Induced by Mannheimia haemolytica A2 Serotype. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:317. [PMID: 38275777 PMCID: PMC10812571 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) is an opportunistic pathogen and is mainly associated with respiratory diseases in cattle, sheep, and goats. (2) Methods: In this study, a mouse infection model was established using a M. haemolytica strain isolated from goats. Histopathological observations were conducted on various organs of the mice, and bacterial load determination and RNA-seq analysis were specifically performed on the spleens of the mice. (3) Results: The findings of this study suggest that chemokines, potentially present in the spleen of mice following a M. haemolytica challenge, may induce the migration of leukocytes to the spleen and suppress the release of pro-inflammatory factors through a negative feedback regulation mechanism. Additionally, an interesting observation was made regarding the potential of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells congregating in the spleen to differentiate into immune cells, which could potentially collaborate with leukocytes in their efforts to counteract M. haemolytica invasion. (4) Conclusions: This study revealed the immune regulation mechanism induced by M. haemolytica in the mouse spleen, providing valuable insights into host-pathogen interactions and offering a theoretical basis for the prevention, control, and treatment of mannheimiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fengyang Wang
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.J.); (J.J.); (Y.M.); (G.W.); (J.T.); (T.C.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (Z.Z.); (H.G.); (C.M.); (Q.C.); (L.D.)
| | - Si Chen
- Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Animal Genetic Engineering Key Lab of Haikou, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.J.); (J.J.); (Y.M.); (G.W.); (J.T.); (T.C.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (Z.Z.); (H.G.); (C.M.); (Q.C.); (L.D.)
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43
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Hirose M, Leliavski A, de Assis LVM, Matveeva O, Skrum L, Solbach W, Oster H, Heyde I. Chronic Inflammation Disrupts Circadian Rhythms in Splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in Mice. Cells 2024; 13:151. [PMID: 38247842 PMCID: PMC10814081 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Internal circadian clocks coordinate 24 h rhythms in behavior and physiology. Many immune functions show daily oscillations, and cellular circadian clocks can impact immune functions and disease outcome. Inflammation may disrupt circadian clocks in peripheral tissues and innate immune cells. However, it remains elusive if chronic inflammation impacts adaptive immune cell clock, e.g., in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. We studied this in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for multiple sclerosis, as an established experimental paradigm for chronic inflammation. We analyzed splenic T cell circadian clock and immune gene expression rhythms in mice with late-stage EAE, CFA/PTx-treated, and untreated mice. In both treatment groups, clock gene expression rhythms were altered with differential effects for baseline expression and peak phase compared with control mice. Most immune cell marker genes tested in this study did not show circadian oscillations in either of the three groups, but time-of-day- independent alterations were observed in EAE and CFA/PTx compared to control mice. Notably, T cell effects were likely independent of central clock function as circadian behavioral rhythms in EAE mice remained intact. Together, chronic inflammation induced by CFA/PTx treatment and EAE immunization has lasting effects on circadian rhythms in peripheral immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro de Assis
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olga Matveeva
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Ludmila Skrum
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Solbach
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Isabel Heyde
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; (M.H.); (L.S.)
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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44
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Brigandì E, Valenti P, Bacci B, Brunetti B, Avallone G. Prognostic impact of Ki-67 in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma: A preliminary study. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858231225507. [PMID: 38214328 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231225507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma has a high metastatic rate and short survival time. Currently, the main prognostic parameters are tumor stage and therapy, while data on histologic parameters, such as grade and Ki-67 expression, are scarce. The aims of this study were to compare two methods of assessment of Ki-67, verify their prognostic impact, and define a threshold value based on survival. Thirty-one cases of histologically diagnosed canine splenic hemangiosarcoma, which were treated with splenectomy and had full staging and follow-up information, were collected. Three were stage I, 17 stage II, and 11 stage III. The mean mitotic count (MC) was 23.9 (standard deviation [SD]: 22.1) and the median was 15 (range, 1-93). Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 was performed, the Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67LI) was assessed as a percentage of positive neoplastic nuclei per ≥500 cell, and the Ki-67 count (KI-67C) was defined as the average number of positive nuclei using a 1 cm2 optical grid performed in 5, 40× fields. The mean Ki-67LI and Ki-67C were 56.4% (SD: 38.7) and 27.2 (SD: 12.9) and medians were 51% (range, 8.2-55.2) and 26 (range, 5.5-148), respectively. Using a cut-off of 56% and 9, respectively, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed an association of overall survival with Ki-67LI and MC. In addition to clinical stage, Ki-67LI maintained its prognostic value on multivariate analysis, supporting the role of Ki-67LI as an independent prognostic parameter. Based on these results, we propose a diagnostically applicable cut-off value of 56% for Ki-67LI as a prognostic parameter for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.
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Ladu AI, Kadaura MU, Dauda M, Baba AS, Zango NG, Jeffery C, Farate A, Adekile A, Bates I. Malaria Infection in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease in Nigeria: Association with Markers of Hyposplenism. Hemoglobin 2024; 48:15-23. [PMID: 38247354 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2023.2285881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Malaria is considered an important cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with sickle cell disease (SCD). This has partly been attributed to the loss of splenic function that occurs early in the disease process. We conducted a cross-sectional study and determined the frequency of malaria infection among SCD patients and explored the association with spleen's presence on ultrasonography and spleen function assessed using the frequency of Howell-Jolly bodies (HJBs). A total of 395 participants consisting of 119 acutely-ill SCD patients, 168 steady-state SCD controls, and 108 healthy non-SCD controls were studied. The prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia was 51.3% in acutely-ill SCD patients, 31.7% in steady-state SCD controls, and 11.0% in the healthy non-SCD controls; however, the mean parasite density was significantly higher in the non-SCD controls compared to both SCD groups (p = 0.0001). Among the acutely-ill SCD patients, the prevalence of clinical malaria and severe malaria anemia were highest in children <5 years of age. The prevalence of parasitemia (p = 0.540) and parasite density (p = 0.975) showed no association with spleen presence or absence on ultrasonography. Similarly, the frequency of HJB red cells was not associated with the presence of parasitemia (p = 0.183). Our study highlights the frequency and role of malaria infection in acutely-ill SCD patients, especially in those younger than five years. Although we have found no evidence of an increased risk of malaria parasitemia or parasite density with markers of hyposplenism, the role played by an underlying immunity to malaria among SCD patients in malaria-endemic region is not clear and needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adama Isah Ladu
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Mairo Usman Kadaura
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Dauda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar Sadiq Baba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Nasir Garba Zango
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Caroline Jeffery
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Abubakar Farate
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle Adekile
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Imelda Bates
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Liu D, Winer BY, Chou MY, Tam H, Xu Y, An J, Gardner JM, Cyster JG. Dynamic encounters with red blood cells trigger splenic marginal zone B cell retention and function. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:142-154. [PMID: 38049580 PMCID: PMC10761324 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Spleen marginal zone (MZ) B cells are important for antibody responses against blood-borne antigens. The signals they use to detect exposure to blood are not well defined. Here, using intravital two-photon microscopy in mice, we observe transient contacts between MZ B cells and red blood cells that are in flow. We show that MZ B cells use adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor ADGRE5 (CD97) for retention in the spleen. CD97 function in MZ B cells depends on its ability to undergo autoproteolytic cleavage and signaling via Gα13 and ARHGEF1. Red blood cell expression of the CD97 ligand CD55 is required for MZ B cell homeostasis. Applying a pulling force on CD97-transfected cells using an optical C-trap and CD55+ beads leads to accumulation of active RhoA and membrane retraction. Finally, we show that CD97 deficiency leads to a reduced T cell-independent IgM response. Thus, our studies provide evidence that MZ B cells use mechanosensing to position in a manner that enhances antibody responses against blood-borne antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake University School of Life Sciences, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Benjamin Y Winer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marissa Y Chou
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hanson Tam
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jinping An
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James M Gardner
- Diabetes Center and Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Luo VM, Shen C, Worme S, Bhagrath A, Simo-Cheyou E, Findlay S, Hébert S, Wai Lam Poon W, Aryanpour Z, Zhang T, Zahedi RP, Boulais J, Buchwald ZS, Borchers CH, Côté JF, Kleinman CL, Mandl JN, Orthwein A. The Deubiquitylase Otub1 Regulates the Chemotactic Response of Splenic B Cells by Modulating the Stability of the γ-Subunit Gng2. Mol Cell Biol 2024; 44:1-16. [PMID: 38270191 PMCID: PMC10829841 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2290434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system performs the covalent attachment of lysine 48-linked polyubiquitin chains to substrate proteins, thereby targeting them for degradation, while deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) reverse this process. This posttranslational modification regulates key features both of innate and adaptative immunity, including antigen presentation, protein homeostasis and signal transduction. Here we show that loss of one of the most highly expressed DUBs, Otub1, results in changes in murine splenic B cell subsets, leading to a significant increase in marginal zone and transitional B cells and a concomitant decrease in follicular B cells. We demonstrate that Otub1 interacts with the γ-subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein, Gng2, and modulates its ubiquitylation status, thereby controlling Gng2 stability. Proximal mapping of Gng2 revealed an enrichment in partners associated with chemokine signaling, actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. In line with these findings, we show that Otub1-deficient B cells exhibit greater Ca2+ mobilization, F-actin polymerization and chemotactic responsiveness to Cxcl12, Cxcl13 and S1P in vitro, which manifests in vivo as altered localization of B cells within the spleen. Together, our data establishes Otub1 as a novel regulator of G-protein coupled receptor signaling in B cells, regulating their differentiation and positioning in the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Connie Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill Research Centre for Complex Traits, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samantha Worme
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Aanya Bhagrath
- McGill Research Centre for Complex Traits, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Estelle Simo-Cheyou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven Findlay
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven Hébert
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William Wai Lam Poon
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zahra Aryanpour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas Zhang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - René P. Zahedi
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics & Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jonathan Boulais
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zachary S. Buchwald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Côté
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médecine (Programmes de Biologie Moléculaire), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudia L. Kleinman
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Judith N. Mandl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill Research Centre for Complex Traits, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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48
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Roussel C, Serris A, Henry B, Lafon Desmurs B, Sitterlé E, Bougnoux ME, Argy N, Larréché S, De Montalembert M, Ioos V, Tantaoui I, Chambrion C, Fricot A, Rouzaud C, Lanternier F, Lortholary O, Houzé S, Jauréguiberry S, Thellier M, Ndour PA, Buffet P. Reduced splenic function can mimic artemisinin resistance in severe malaria. J Travel Med 2023; 30:taad144. [PMID: 37956409 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe severe post-treatment episodes that complicate Plasmodium falciparum malaria in patients with hyposplenism, characterized by prolonged circulation of red cells containing dead parasites (hearse red cells), persistent or recurrent fever, profound anaemia, and inflammation. Asplenia-related Post-antimalarial Inflammation & Hemolysis (APIH) mimics concomitant infection and parasite resistance to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Roussel
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Serris
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Henry
- Université Paris Saclay, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Emilie Sitterlé
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Marie Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Argy
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- IRD, MERIT UMR 261, Faculté de pharmacie, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Larréché
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Hôpital d'Instruction Des Armées Bégin, Saint-Mandé, France, et Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMR-S1144, Paris, France
| | - Mariane De Montalembert
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Service de pédiatrie générale et maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Vincent Ioos
- Service de pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, Argenteuil, France
| | - Ilhame Tantaoui
- Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Chambrion
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Fricot
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Claire Rouzaud
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Lanternier
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Houzé
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- IRD, MERIT UMR 261, Faculté de pharmacie, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Jauréguiberry
- Université Paris Saclay, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France
| | - Marc Thellier
- Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Sorbonne université, Inserm, IPLESP Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - Papa Alioune Ndour
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Buffet
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
- Centre Médical de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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49
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Abu-Omar A, Murray N, Ali IT, Khosa F, Barrett S, Sheikh A, Nicolaou S, O'Neill SB. The Role of Dual-Energy CT in Solid Organ Injury. Can Assoc Radiol J 2023:8465371231215669. [PMID: 38146203 DOI: 10.1177/08465371231215669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver, spleen, and kidneys are the commonest injured solid organs in blunt and penetrating trauma. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) Organ Injury Scale (OIS) is the most widely accepted system for categorizing traumatic injuries. Grading systems allow clear communication of findings between clinical teams and assign a measurable severity of injury, which directly correlates with morbidity and mortality. The 2018 revised AAST OIS emphasizes reliance on CT for accurate grading; in particular regarding vascular injuries. Dual-Energy CT (DECT) has emerged as a promising tool with multiple clinical applications already demonstrated. In this review article, we summarize the basic principles of CT attenuation to refresh the minds of our readers and we scrutinize DECT's technology as opposed to conventional Single-Energy CT (SECT). This is followed by outlining the benefits of various DECT postprocessing techniques, which authors of this article refer to as the 3Ms (Mapping of Iodine, Material decomposition, and Monoenergetic virtual imaging), in aiding radiologists to confidently assign an OIS as well as problem solve complex injury patterns. In addition, a thorough discussion of changes to the revised AAST OIS focusing on definitions of key terms used in reporting injuries is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Abu-Omar
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Murray
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ismail T Ali
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Faisal Khosa
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Barrett
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Savvas Nicolaou
- Department of Emergency Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Siobhán B O'Neill
- Department of Radiology, University of Alberta, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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50
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Dumas L, Roussel C, Buffet P. Intra-erythrocytic vacuoles in asplenic patients: elusive genesis and original clearance of unique organelles. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1324463. [PMID: 38192744 PMCID: PMC10773617 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1324463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The spleen plays a dual role of immune response and the filtration of red blood cells (RBC), the latter function being performed within the unique microcirculatory architecture of the red pulp. The red pulp filters and eliminates senescent and pathological RBC and can expell intra-erythrocytic rigid bodies through the so-called pitting mechanism. The loss of splenic function increases the risk of infections, thromboembolism, and hematological malignancies. However, current diagnostic tests such as quantification of Howell-Jolly Bodies and splenic scintigraphy lack sensitivity or are logistically demanding. Although not widely available in medical practice, the quantification of RBC containing vacuoles, i.e., pocked RBC, is a highly sensitive and specific marker for hyposplenism. The peripheral blood of hypo/asplenic individuals contains up to 80% RBC with vacuoles, whereas these pocked RBC account for less than 4% of RBC in healthy subjects. Despite their value as a spleen function test, intraerythrocytic vacuoles have received relatively limited attention so far, and little is known about their origin, content, and clearance. We provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding possible origins and mechanisms of elimination, as well as the potential function of these unique and original organelles observed in otherwise "empty" mature RBC. We highlight the need for further research on pocked RBC, particularly regarding their potential function and specific markers for easy counting and sorting, which are prerequisites for functional studies and wider application in medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Dumas
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, Biologie Tissulaire du Globule Rouge, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Camille Roussel
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, Biologie Tissulaire du Globule Rouge, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Pierre Buffet
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, Inserm, Biologie Tissulaire du Globule Rouge, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), IHU Imagine, Paris, France
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