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Nieuwenhuizen NE, Nouailles G, Sutherland JS, Zyla J, Pasternack AH, Heyckendorf J, Frye BC, Höhne K, Zedler U, Bandermann S, Abu Abed U, Brinkmann V, Gutbier B, Witzenrath M, Suttorp N, Zissel G, Lange C, Ritvos O, Kaufmann SHE. Activin A levels are raised during human tuberculosis and blockade of the activin signaling axis influences murine responses to M. tuberculosis infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0340823. [PMID: 38376260 PMCID: PMC10936190 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03408-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Activin A strongly influences immune responses; yet, few studies have examined its role in infectious diseases. We measured serum activin A levels in two independent tuberculosis (TB) patient cohorts and in patients with pneumonia and sarcoidosis. Serum activin A levels were increased in TB patients compared to healthy controls, including those with positive tuberculin skin tests, and paralleled severity of disease, assessed by X-ray scores. In pneumonia patients, serum activin A levels were also raised, but in sarcoidosis patients, levels were lower. To determine whether blockade of the activin A signaling axis could play a functional role in TB, we harnessed a soluble activin type IIB receptor fused to human IgG1 Fc, ActRIIB-Fc, as a ligand trap in a murine TB model. The administration of ActRIIB-Fc to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice resulted in decreased bacterial loads and increased numbers of CD4 effector T cells and tissue-resident memory T cells in the lung. Increased frequencies of tissue-resident memory T cells corresponded with downregulated T-bet expression in lung CD4 and CD8 T cells. Altogether, the results suggest a disease-exacerbating role of ActRIIB signaling pathways. Serum activin A may be useful as a biomarker for diagnostic triage of active TB or monitoring of anti-tuberculosis therapy. IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death by a bacterial pathogen. The etiologic agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can remain dormant in the infected host for years before causing disease. Significant effort has been made to identify biomarkers that can discriminate between latently infected and actively diseased individuals. We found that serum levels of the cytokine activin A were associated with increased lung pathology and could discriminate between active tuberculosis and tuberculin skin-test-positive healthy controls. Activin A signals through the ActRIIB receptor, which can be blocked by administration of the ligand trap ActRIIB-Fc, a soluble activin type IIB receptor fused to human IgG1 Fc. In a murine model of tuberculosis, we found that ActRIIB-Fc treatment reduced mycobacterial loads. Strikingly, ActRIIB-Fc treatment significantly increased the number of tissue-resident memory T cells. These results suggest a role for ActRIIB signaling pathways in host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and activin A as a biomarker of ongoing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Geraldine Nouailles
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jayne S. Sutherland
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Joanna Zyla
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Arja H. Pasternack
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Björn C. Frye
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Höhne
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Zedler
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Bandermann
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Abu Abed
- Microscopy Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Brinkmann
- Microscopy Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgitt Gutbier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- CAPNETZ STIFTUNG, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- CAPNETZ STIFTUNG, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gernot Zissel
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lange
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children´s Hospital, Global TB Program, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Olli Ritvos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Emeritus Group Systems Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - the CAPNETZ Study group
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Microscopy Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- CAPNETZ STIFTUNG, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children´s Hospital, Global TB Program, Houston, Texas, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Emeritus Group Systems Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - the DZIF TB study group
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Microscopy Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Chariteplatz, Berlin, Germany
- CAPNETZ STIFTUNG, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
- Respiratory Medicine and International Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children´s Hospital, Global TB Program, Houston, Texas, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Emeritus Group Systems Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Rettl R, Calabretta R, Duca F, Binder C, Kronberger C, Willixhofer R, Poledniczek M, Donà C, Nitsche C, Beitzke D, Loewe C, Auer-Grumbach M, Bonderman D, Kastl S, Hengstenberg C, Badr Eslam R, Kastner J, Bergler-Klein J, Hacker M, Kammerlander A. Reduction in 99mTc-DPD myocardial uptake with therapy of ATTR cardiomyopathy. Amyloid 2024; 31:42-51. [PMID: 37599395 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2023.2247136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Novel ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) therapeutics such as patisiran and inotersen have been shown to benefit neurologic disease course and quality of life in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv). We aimed to determine the impact of RNAi therapeutics on myocardial amyloid load using quantitative single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging in patients with ATTRv-related cardiomyopathy (ATTRv-CM). We furthermore compared them with wild-type ATTR-CM (ATTRwt-CM) patients treated with tafamidis.Methods and results: ATTRv-CM patients underwent [99mTc]-radiolabeled diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (99mTc-DPD) scintigraphy and quantitative SPECT/CT imaging before and after 12 months (IQR: 11.0-12.0) of treatment with RNAi therapeutics (patisiran: n = 5, inotersen: n = 4). RNAi treatment significantly reduced quantitative myocardial uptake as measured by standardised uptake value (SUV) retention index (baseline: 5.09 g/mL vs. follow-up: 3.19 g/mL, p = .028) in ATTRv-CM patients without significant improvement in cardiac function. Tafamidis treatment resulted in a significant reduction in SUV retention index (4.96 g/mL vs. 3.27 g/mL, p < .001) in ATTRwt-CM patients (historical control cohort: n = 40) at follow-up [9.0 months (IQR: 7.0-10.0)] without beneficial impact on cardiac function.Conclusions: RNAi therapeutics significantly reduce quantitative myocardial uptake in ATTRv-CM patients, comparable to tafamidis treatment in ATTRwt-CM patients, without impact on cardiac function. Serial 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT imaging may be a valuable tool to quantify and monitor response to disease-specific therapies in both ATTRv-CM and ATTRwt-CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rettl
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raffaella Calabretta
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Duca
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Binder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Kronberger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Willixhofer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Poledniczek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolina Donà
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Nitsche
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Loewe
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Auer-Grumbach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Bonderman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Favoriten Clinic, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kastl
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roza Badr Eslam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Kastner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Bergler-Klein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Kammerlander
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Su X, Zhou C, Chen S, Ma Q, Xiao H, Chen Q, Zou H. Prognosis value of circulating tumor cell PD‑L1 and baseline characteristics in patients with NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus platinum‑containing drugs. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:131. [PMID: 38362233 PMCID: PMC10867731 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with platinum-containing chemotherapy are recommended as the standard first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, specific prognostic markers for this combination therapy are yet to be identified. Evaluation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell surface programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) exhibits potential in predicting the efficacy of the aforementioned combination therapy. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of CTC PD-L1 testing and other clinical characteristics in patients with NSCLC treated with combination therapy as first-line treatment. In total, 40 patients with advanced NSCLC were included in the present study, and all patients underwent CTC PD-L1 testing at initial diagnosis to determine the association between CTC PD-L1 and tissue PD-L1. The prognostic value of CTC PD-L1 and the baseline characteristics of 26 patients with NSCLC were analyzed, and the prognostic values of changes in CTC PD-L1 and baseline characteristics during 6 months of treatment were further explored. Results of the present study demonstrated that there was no association between CTC PD-L1 and tissue PD-L1 levels. After 6 months of combination therapy, tumor shrinkage, CYFA19 levels and treatment maintenance were associated with progression-free survival (PFS) of patients. Notably, CTC PD-L1 and tissue PD-L1 levels, TNM stage, nutritional score, inflammation score and other blood indicators were not associated with PFS. In conclusion, the evaluation of CTCs and CTC PD-L1 suggested that undetectable CTCs at 6 months of NSCLC treatment are associated with a good prognosis. In addition, negative CTC PD-L1 expression may change to positive CTC PD-L1 expression in line with disease progression, and this may be indicative of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Su
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Ci Zhou
- Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zou
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center of People's Liberation Army (Chongqing Daping Hospital), Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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Ihnát P, Srovnal J, Hrubovčák J, Martínek L. Detection and clinical significance of circulating tumour cells in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Rozhl Chir 2024; 102:376-380. [PMID: 38302423 DOI: 10.33699/pis.2023.102.10.376-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are tumour cells identified in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant disease. CTCs present a very interesting biomarker with promising potential for use in the treatment management of patients with colorectal cancer. Unlike other tumour biomarkers, CTCs are living tumour cells that carry molecular and biological information about the tumour as a whole and reflect ongoing mutational changes. Detection of CTCs from peripheral blood presents a simple and easily repeatable method of liquid biopsy. However, various techniques of CTC selection and detection render clinical use of CTC as a clinical biomarker difficult. The presence/amount of CTCs correlates very well with prognosis and patients ́ survival. Since CTCs have metastatic potential, knowledge of the effect of different treatment modalities on the amount of CTCs in the blood appears to be very important. It can be expected that a more effective treatment regimen will be associated with a reduction in blood CTC levels, and also with a better prognosis. Conversely, an increase or persistence of CTC levels will be associated with resistance to the applied treatment. Routine use of CTCs in clinical practice is limited predominantly by price and very high variability of available scientific evidence. Recently published studies demonstrated the promising potential of CTCs; however, further research will be required for their routine use in clinical practice.
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Gullo RL, Partridge SC, Shin HJ, Thakur SB, Pinker K. Update on DWI for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2024; 222:e2329933. [PMID: 37850579 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.29933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
DWI is a noncontrast MRI technique that measures the diffusion of water molecules within biologic tissue. DWI is increasingly incorporated into routine breast MRI examinations. Currently, the main applications of DWI are breast cancer detection and characterization, prognostication, and prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, DWI is promising as a noncontrast MRI alternative for breast cancer screening. Problems with suboptimal resolution and image quality have restricted the mainstream use of DWI for breast imaging, but these shortcomings are being addressed through several technologic advancements. In this review, we present an up-to-date assessment of the use of DWI for breast cancer imaging, including a summary of the clinical literature and recommendations for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lo Gullo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 E 66th St, New York, NY 10065
| | - Savannah C Partridge
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Hee Jung Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunitha B Thakur
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 E 66th St, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Katja Pinker
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 E 66th St, New York, NY 10065
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Dipalma G, Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM, Piras F, Carpentiere V, Garofoli G, Azzollini D, Campanelli M, Paduanelli G, Palermo A, Inchingolo F. Artificial Intelligence and Its Clinical Applications in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3677. [PMID: 38132261 PMCID: PMC10743240 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to analyze different strategies that make use of artificial intelligence to enhance diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring in orthodontics. Orthodontics has seen significant technological advancements with the introduction of digital equipment, including cone beam computed tomography, intraoral scanners, and software coupled to these devices. The use of deep learning in software has sped up image processing processes. Deep learning is an artificial intelligence technology that trains computers to analyze data like the human brain does. Deep learning models are capable of recognizing complex patterns in photos, text, audio, and other data to generate accurate information and predictions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to discover publications from 1 January 2013 to 18 October 2023 that matched our topic. A comparison of various artificial intelligence applications in orthodontics was generated. RESULTS A final number of 33 studies were included in the review for qualitative analysis. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate the effectiveness of AI in enhancing orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and assessment. A lot of articles emphasize the integration of artificial intelligence into orthodontics and its potential to revolutionize treatment monitoring, evaluation, and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Fabio Piras
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Vincenzo Carpentiere
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Grazia Garofoli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Daniela Azzollini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Merigrazia Campanelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Gregorio Paduanelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- Implant Dentistry College of Medicine and Dentistry Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B46BN, UK;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (F.P.); (V.C.); (G.G.); (D.A.); (M.C.); (G.P.); (F.I.)
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Kim SJ, Yang K, Kim D. Quantitative electroencephalography as a potential biomarker in migraine. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3282. [PMID: 37815172 PMCID: PMC10726885 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) as a diagnostic tool for migraine and as an indicator of treatment response by comparing QEEG characteristics between migraine patients and controls, and monitoring changes in these characteristics alongside clinical symptoms in response to treatment BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that patients with migraine exhibit distinctive characteristics in QEEG measurements, which could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and as a tool for monitoring treatment response. METHODS A total of 720 patients were included in the study, comprising 619 patients with migraine and 101 subjects as a control group. QEEG measurements were analyzed for absolute power across specific frequency bands: delta wave (0.5-4 Hz), theta wave (4-8 Hz), alpha wave (8-12 Hz), beta wave (12-25 Hz), and high beta wave (25-30 Hz). The absolute power was normalized against a normative dataset from NeuroGuide, with electrodes being highlighted for significance if they exceeded 1.96. Clinical symptoms were also monitored for correlation with QEEG changes. RESULTS Our analysis showed that patients with migraine exhibited significantly higher absolute power across all frequencies, most markedly within the high beta frequency range. When considering electrodes with z-scores exceeding the threshold of 1.96 in the high beta range, a significant association with migraine diagnosis was observed (per 1 electrode increase, OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01-1.11; p = .012). Moreover, pre- and posttreatment changes in QEEG measurements corresponded with changes in clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION Patients with migraine have distinctive QEEG measurements, particularly regarding absolute power and the number of electrodes that surpassed the z-score threshold in high beta wave activity. These findings suggest the potential of QEEG as a diagnostic biomarker and as a tool for monitoring treatment response in migraine patients, warranting further large-scale studies for confirmation and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jae Kim
- Samsung Smart Neurology ClinicCheonanChungcheongnam‐doSouth Korea
| | - Kyungjin Yang
- PE Research Lab, SK Hynix Inc.IcheonGyeonggi‐doSouth Korea
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Department of NeurologyChungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University HospitalDaejeonSouth Korea
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Chow R, Drkulec H, Im JHB, Tsai J, Nafees A, Kumar S, Hou T, Fazelzad R, Leighl NB, Krzyzanowska M, Wong P, Raman S. The Use of Wearable Devices in Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review. Oncologist 2023:oyad305. [PMID: 37971410 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current literature on wearable technologies in oncology patients for the purpose of prognostication, treatment monitoring, and rehabilitation planning. METHODS A search was conducted in Medline ALL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science, up until February 2022. Articles were included if they reported on consumer grade and/or non-commercial wearable devices in the setting of either prognostication, treatment monitoring or rehabilitation. RESULTS We found 199 studies reporting on 18 513 patients suitable for inclusion. One hundred and eleven studies used wearable device data primarily for the purposes of rehabilitation, 68 for treatment monitoring, and 20 for prognostication. The most commonly-reported brands of wearable devices were ActiGraph (71 studies; 36%), Fitbit (37 studies; 19%), Garmin (13 studies; 7%), and ActivPAL (11 studies; 6%). Daily minutes of physical activity were measured in 121 studies (61%), and daily step counts were measured in 93 studies (47%). Adherence was reported in 86 studies, and ranged from 40% to 100%; of these, 63 (74%) reported adherence in excess of 80%. CONCLUSION Wearable devices may provide valuable data for the purposes of treatment monitoring, prognostication, and rehabilitation. Future studies should investigate live-time monitoring of collected data, which may facilitate directed interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chow
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hannah Drkulec
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James H B Im
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jane Tsai
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abdulwadud Nafees
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Swetlana Kumar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tristan Hou
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rouhi Fazelzad
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Natasha B Leighl
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monika Krzyzanowska
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Wong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Srinivas Raman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Orro K, Salk K, Merkulova A, Abram K, Karelson M, Traks T, Neuman T, Spee P, Kingo K. Non-Invasive Assessment of Skin Surface Proteins of Psoriasis Vulgaris Patients in Response to Biological Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16248. [PMID: 38003437 PMCID: PMC10671061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurements of skin surface biomarkers have enormous value for the detailed assessment of skin conditions, both for clinical application and in skin care. The main goals of the current study were to assess whether expression patterns of skin surface hBD-1, hBD-2, IL-1α, CXCL-1, and CXCL-8, examples of proteins known to be involved in psoriasis pathology, are associated with disease severity and whether expression patterns of these proteins on the skin surface can be used to measure pharmacodynamic effects of biological therapy. In this observational study using transdermal analysis patch (TAP), levels of skin surface IL-1α, hBD-1, hBD-2, CXCL-1/2, and CXCL-8 of psoriasis vulgaris (PV) patients over biological therapy were assessed. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and local score for erythema, induration, and desquamation were determined from the exact same skin area as FibroTx TAP measurements. Thirty-seven adult PV patients were included, of which twenty-three were subjected to anti-TNF-α, seven to anti-IL-17A, and seven to anti-IL12/IL-23 therapy. Significantly higher levels of hBD-1, hBD-2, CXCL-1/2, and CXCL-8 were detected on lesional skin compared to the non-lesional skin of the PV patients. In contrast, lower levels of IL-1α were found in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin. In addition, we observed that the biomarker expression levels correlate with disease severity. Further, we confirmed that changes in the expression levels of skin surface biomarkers during biological therapy correlate with treatment response. Biomarker expression patterns in response to treatment differed somewhat between treatment subtypes. We observed that, in the case of anti-TNF-α therapy, an increase after a steady decrease in the expression levels of CXCL-1/2 and CXCL-8 occurred before the change in clinical scores. Moreover, response kinetics of skin surface proteins differs between the applied therapies-hBD2 expression responds quickly to anti-IL-17A therapy, CXCL-1/2 to anti-IL-12/23, and levels of CXCL-8 are rapidly down-regulated by IL-17A and IL-12/23 therapy. Our findings confirm that the skin surface hBD-2, IL-1α, CXCL-1/2, and CXCL-8 are markers for the psoriasis severity. Further, data obtained during this study give the basis for the conclusion that skin surface proteins CXCL-1/2 and CXCL-8 may have value as therapeutic biomarkers, thus confirming that measuring the 'molecular root' of inflammation appears to have value in scoring disease severity on its own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadri Orro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia;
- FibroTx LLC., Mäealuse 4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia (A.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Kristiina Salk
- FibroTx LLC., Mäealuse 4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia (A.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Anna Merkulova
- FibroTx LLC., Mäealuse 4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia (A.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Kristi Abram
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Karelson
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tanel Traks
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Neuman
- FibroTx LLC., Mäealuse 4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia (A.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Pieter Spee
- FibroTx LLC., Mäealuse 4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia (A.M.); (P.S.)
- PS! Pharmaconsult, Moellemoseparken 44, 3450 Alleroed, Denmark
| | - Külli Kingo
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, 50417 Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Morakote W, Adams LC, Ramasamy SK, Spunt SL, Baratto L, Liang T, Daldrup-Link HE. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in pediatric sarcoma: Prognostic implications of pulmonary metastatic cavitation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30629. [PMID: 37580891 PMCID: PMC10947454 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of cavitations in pulmonary metastases among pediatric and young adult patients with sarcoma undergoing tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, and assess whether cavitation can predict clinical response and survival outcomes. METHODS In a single-center retrospective analysis, we examined chest computed tomography (CT) scans of 17 patients (median age 16 years; age range: 4-25 years) with histopathologically confirmed bone (n = 10) or soft tissue (n = 7) sarcoma who underwent TKI treatment for lung metastases. The interval between TKI initiation and the onset of lung nodule cavitation and tumor regrowth were assessed. The combination of all imaging studies and clinical data served as the reference standard for clinical responses. Progression-free survival (PFS) was compared between patients with cavitating and solid nodules using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. RESULTS Five out of 17 patients (29%) exhibited cavitation of pulmonary nodules during TKI therapy. The median time from TKI initiation to the first observed cavitation was 79 days (range: 46-261 days). At the time of cavitation, all patients demonstrated stable disease. When the cavities began to fill with solid tumor, 60% (3/5) of patients exhibited progression in other pulmonary nodules. The median PFS for patients with cavitated pulmonary nodules after TKI treatment (6.7 months) was significantly longer compared to patients without cavitated nodules (3.8 months; log-rank p-value = .03). CONCLUSIONS Cavitation of metastatic pulmonary nodules in sarcoma patients undergoing TKI treatment is indicative of non-progressive disease, and significantly correlates with PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wipawee Morakote
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Lisa C Adams
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shakthi K Ramasamy
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sheri L Spunt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lucia Baratto
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tie Liang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Heike E Daldrup-Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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11
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Phat NK, Tien NTN, Anh NK, Yen NTH, Lee YA, Trinh HKT, Le KM, Ahn S, Cho YS, Park S, Kim DH, Long NP, Shin JG. Alterations of lipid-related genes during anti-tuberculosis treatment: insights into host immune responses and potential transcriptional biomarkers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1210372. [PMID: 38022579 PMCID: PMC10644770 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are challenging due to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment monitoring. Lipid-related genes are crucial components of the host immune response in TB. However, their dynamic expression and potential usefulness for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment are unclear. Methodology In the present study, we used a targeted, knowledge-based approach to investigate the expression of lipid-related genes during anti-TB treatment and their potential use as biomarkers of treatment response. Results and discussion The expression levels of 10 genes (ARPC5, ACSL4, PLD4, LIPA, CHMP2B, RAB5A, GABARAPL2, PLA2G4A, MBOAT2, and MBOAT1) were significantly altered during standard anti-TB treatment. We evaluated the potential usefulness of this 10-lipid-gene signature for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring in various clinical scenarios across multiple populations. We also compared this signature with other transcriptomic signatures. The 10-lipid-gene signature could distinguish patients with TB from those with latent tuberculosis infection and non-TB controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve > 0.7 for most cases); it could also be useful for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment. Although the performance of the new signature was not better than that of previous signatures (i.e., RISK6, Sambarey10, Long10), our results suggest the usefulness of metabolism-centric biomarkers. Conclusions Lipid-related genes play significant roles in TB pathophysiology and host immune responses. Furthermore, transcriptomic signatures related to the immune response and lipid-related gene may be useful for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ky Phat
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Tran Nam Tien
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ky Anh
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Hai Yen
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ah Lee
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoang Kim Tu Trinh
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Kieu-Minh Le
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Sangzin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soon Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongoh Park
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Data Science Center, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Center for Personalized Precision Medicine of Tuberculosis, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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12
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Ma J, Chen Y, Ren J, Zhou T, Wang Z, Li C, Qiu L, Gao T, Ding P, Ding Z, Ou L, Wang J, Xu J, Zhou Z, Jia C, Sun N, Pei R, Zhu W. Purification of Circulating Tumor Cells Based on Multiantibody-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles and Molecular Analysis toward Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3744-3753. [PMID: 37773014 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are valuable circulating biomarkers of cancer, which carry primary tumor information and may provide real-time assessment of tumor status as well as treatment response in cancer patients. Herein, we developed a novel assay for accurate diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using CTC RNA analysis. Multiantibody-modified magnetic nanoparticles were prepared for purification of EOC CTCs from whole blood samples of clinical patients. Subsequently, nine EOC-specific mRNAs of purified CTCs were quantified using droplet digital PCR. The EOC CTC Score was generated using a multivariate logistic regression model for each sample based on the transcripts of the nine genes. This assay exhibited a distinguishing diagnostic performance for the detection of EOC (n = 17) from benign ovarian tumors (n = 30), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.00). Moreover, dynamic changes of the EOC CTC Score were observed in patients undergoing treatment, demonstrating the potential of the assay for monitoring EOC. In conclusion, we present an accurate assay for the diagnosis and monitoring of EOC via CTC RNA analysis, and the results suggest that it may provide a promising solution for the detection and treatment response assessment of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tongping Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Cheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Pi Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zixin Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Ou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jinni Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhirun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Chenxin Jia
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Na Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weipei Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
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13
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Pathak GN, Chandy RJ, Shah R, Feldman SR. The Pharmacist's role in dermatology: Patient medication adherence. J Dermatol 2023; 50:1099-1107. [PMID: 37489577 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Medication non-adherence is currently estimated to have caused at least 100 000 preventable deaths and over $100 billion in preventable medical costs. Adherence is particularly poor in dermatological conditions, with more than 50% of patients discontinuing topical treatments within the first year. Pharmacists are among the most accessible health-care professionals with the potential to greatly impact medication non-adherence through patient education, medication therapy management, and improved access to care. This review aimed to determine how pharmacists have improved medication adherence in dermatology and discuss strategies for further involvement. An extensive medical literature search using the PubMed database was conducted to evaluate clinical studies, published in the last 20 years, that have evaluated the pharmacist's role and impact on adherence of to dermatological products. PubMed search terms include: "pharmacists' role in dermatologic medication adherence", "pharmacist-led interventions in dermatology", "pharmacist medication adherence dermatology" and "pharmacist intervention dermatology". A total of 18 relevant studies were identified. Pharmacists improved dermatological medication adherence by increasing access to medications, providing medication counseling programs, and performing treatment monitoring services. However, corticophobia may contribute to pharmacists' hesitancy in making corticosteroid over-the-counter recommendations. Pharmacists are accessible health-care providers with the potential to improve dermatological medication adherence. Future advanced training in dermatology medications may refine pharmacists' knowledge of dermatological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav N Pathak
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rithi J Chandy
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Radhika Shah
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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14
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Borja-Lloret M, Barrientos L, Bernabéu J, Lacasta C, Muñoz E, Ros A, Roser J, Viegas R, Llosá G. Influence of the background in Compton camera images for proton therapy treatment monitoring. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68:144001. [PMID: 37339665 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ace024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Background events are one of the most relevant contributions to image degradation in Compton camera imaging for hadron therapy treatment monitoring. A study of the background and its contribution to image degradation is important to define future strategies to reduce the background in the system.Approach. In this simulation study, the percentage of different kinds of events and their contribution to the reconstructed image in a two-layer Compton camera have been evaluated. To this end, GATE v8.2 simulations of a proton beam impinging on a PMMA phantom have been carried out, for different proton beam energies and at different beam intensities.Main results. For a simulated Compton camera made of Lanthanum (III) Bromide monolithic crystals, coincidences caused by neutrons arriving from the phantom are the most common type of background produced by secondary radiations in the Compton camera, causing between 13% and 33% of the detected coincidences, depending on the beam energy. Results also show that random coincidences are a significant cause of image degradation at high beam intensities, and their influence in the reconstructed images is studied for values of the time coincidence windows from 500 ps to 100 ns.Significance. Results indicate the timing capabilities required to retrieve the fall-off position with good precision. Still, the noise observed in the image when no randoms are considered make us consider further background rejection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Borja-Lloret
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - L Barrientos
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - J Bernabéu
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - C Lacasta
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - E Muñoz
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - A Ros
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - J Roser
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - R Viegas
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
| | - G Llosá
- Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV, València, Spain
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15
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Philibert R, Moody J, Philibert W, Dogan MV, Hoffman EA. The Reversion of the Epigenetic Signature of Coronary Heart Disease in Response to Smoking Cessation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1233. [PMID: 37372412 PMCID: PMC10297911 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. However, current diagnostic tools for CHD, such as coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), are poorly suited for monitoring treatment response. Recently, we have introduced an artificial-intelligence-guided integrated genetic-epigenetic test for CHD whose core consists of six assays that determine methylation in pathways known to moderate the pathogenesis of CHD. However, whether methylation at these six loci is sufficiently dynamic to guide CHD treatment response is unknown. To test that hypothesis, we examined the relationship of changes in these six loci to changes in cg05575921, a generally accepted marker of smoking intensity, using DNA from a cohort of 39 subjects undergoing a 90-day smoking cessation intervention and methylation-sensitive digital PCR (MSdPCR). We found that changes in epigenetic smoking intensity were significantly associated with reversion of the CHD-associated methylation signature at five of the six MSdPCR predictor sites: cg03725309, cg12586707, cg04988978, cg17901584, and cg21161138. We conclude that methylation-based approaches could be a scalable method for assessing the clinical effectiveness of CHD interventions, and that further studies to understand the responsiveness of these epigenetic measures to other forms of CHD treatment are in order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
- Cardio Diagnostics Inc., Chicago, IL 60642, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Joanna Moody
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
| | - Willem Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
| | - Meeshanthini V. Dogan
- Cardio Diagnostics Inc., Chicago, IL 60642, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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16
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Kamrath C, Friedrich C, Hartmann MF, Wudy SA. Metabotypes of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Infants determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Spot Urine. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 231:106304. [PMID: 36990162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical monitoring of treatment in infants with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is not yet well defined. The aim of this study was to perform a cluster analysis of the urinary steroid metabolome for treatment monitoring of infants with classic salt-wasting CAH. We analysed spot urine samples obtained from 60 young children ≤ 4 years of age (29 females) with classic CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency treated with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone by targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Patients were classified into different groups according to their metabolic patterns (metabotypes) using unsupervised k-means clustering algorithms. Three metabotypes could be discovered. Metabotype #1 (N=15 (25%)) showed high concentrations of androgen and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) precursor steroids, metabotype #2 (N=28 (47%)) revealed balanced metabolic control, and metabotype #3 (N=17; 28%) demonstrated severe adrenal suppression with low concentrations of androgen and 17OHP precursor steroids. Daily hydrocortisone doses and urinary concentrations of cortisol and cortisone metabolites did not differ between all three metabotypes. Metabotype #2 had highest daily dose of fludrocortisone (p=0.006). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that 11-ketopregnanetriol (area under the curve [AUC] 0.967) and pregnanetriol (AUC 0.936) were most suitable of separating metabotype #1 from #2. For separation between metabotypes #2 vs. #3, the 11-oxygenated androgen metabolite 11-hydroxyandrosterone (AUC 0.983) and the ratio of 11-hydroxyandrosterone to tetrahydrocortisone (AUC 0.970) were most suitable. In conclusion, GC-MS-based urinary steroid metabotyping is a new method to help monitor the treatment of infants with CAH. This method allows classification of under-, over- and adequately treated young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kamrath
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Clemens Friedrich
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michaela F Hartmann
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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17
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Rettl R, Wollenweber T, Duca F, Binder C, Cherouny B, Dachs TM, Luciana CL, Schrutka L, Dalos D, Beitzke D, Loewe C, Eslam RB, Kastner J, Hacker M, Bonderman D. Monitoring tafamidis treatment with quantitative SPECT/CT in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2023:7070981. [PMID: 36881774 PMCID: PMC10364619 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jead030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tafamidis treatment positively affects left ventricular (LV) structure and function and improves outcomes in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). We aimed to investigate the relationship between treatment response and cardiac amyloid burden identified by serial quantitative 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT. We furthermore aimed to identify nuclear imaging biomarkers that could be used to quantify and monitor response to tafamidis therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty wild-type ATTR-CM patients who underwent 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy and SPECT/CT imaging at baseline and after treatment with tafamidis 61 mg once daily [median, 9.0 months (interquartile range 7.0-10.0)] were divided into two cohorts based on the median (-32.3%) of the longitudinal percent change in standardized uptake value (SUV) retention index. ATTR-CM patients with a reduction greater than or equal to the median (n = 20) had a significant decrease in SUV retention index (P < 0.001) at follow-up, which translated into significant benefits in serum N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels (P = 0.006), left atrial volume index (P = 0.038), as well as LV [LV global longitudinal strain: P = 0.028, LV ejection fraction (EF): P = 0.027, LV cardiac index (CI): P = 0.034] and right ventricular (RV) [RVEF: P = 0.025, RVCI: P = 0.048] functions compared with patients with a decrease less than the median (n = 20). CONCLUSION Treatment with tafamidis in ATTR-CM patients results in a significant reduction in SUV retention index, associated with significant benefits for LV and RV function and cardiac biomarkers. Serial quantitative 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT imaging with SUV may be a valid tool to quantify and monitor response to tafamidis treatment in affected patients. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT imaging with determination of SUV retention index as part of a routine annual examination can provide evidence of treatment response in ATTR-CM patients receiving disease-modifying therapy. Further long-term studies with 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT imaging may help to evaluate the relationship between tafamidis-induced reduction in SUV retention index and outcome in patients with ATTR-CM and will demonstrate whether highly disease-specific 99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT imaging is more sensitive than routine diagnostic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Rettl
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Tim Wollenweber
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Duca
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christina Binder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Bernhard Cherouny
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Theresa-Marie Dachs
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Camuz Ligios Luciana
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Lore Schrutka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Daniel Dalos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Loewe
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roza Badr Eslam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Johannes Kastner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Bonderman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Favoriten Clinic, Kundratstraße 3, 1100 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Eroglu Z, Krinshpun S, Kalashnikova E, Sudhaman S, Ozturk Topcu T, Nichols M, Martin J, Bui KM, Palsuledesai CC, Malhotra M, Olshan P, Markowitz J, Khushalani NI, Tarhini AA, Messina JL, Aleshin A. Circulating tumor DNA-based molecular residual disease detection for treatment monitoring in advanced melanoma patients. Cancer 2023; 129:1723-1734. [PMID: 36869646 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have substantially improved overall survival in patients with advanced melanoma; however, the lack of biomarkers to monitor treatment response and relapse remains an important clinical challenge. Thus, a reliable biomarker is needed that can risk-stratify patients for disease recurrence and predict response to treatment. METHODS A retrospective analysis using a personalized, tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay on prospectively collected plasma samples (n = 555) from 69 patients with advanced melanoma was performed. Patients were divided into three cohorts: cohort A (N = 30), stage III patients receiving adjuvant ICI/observation; cohort B (N = 29), unresectable stage III/IV patients receiving ICI therapy; and cohort C (N = 10), stage III/IV patients on surveillance after planned completion of ICI therapy for metastatic disease. RESULTS In cohort A, compared to molecular residual disease (MRD)-negative patients, MRD-positivity was associated with significantly shorter distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; hazard ratio [HR], 10.77; p = .01). Increasing ctDNA levels from the post-surgical or pre-treatment time point to after 6 weeks of ICI were predictive of shorter DMFS in cohort A (HR, 34.54; p < .0001) and shorter progression-free survival (PFS) in cohort B (HR, 22; p = .006). In cohort C, all ctDNA-negative patients remained progression-free for a median follow-up of 14.67 months, whereas ctDNA-positive patients experienced disease progression. CONCLUSION Personalized and tumor-informed longitudinal ctDNA monitoring is a valuable prognostic and predictive tool that may be used throughout the clinical course of patients with advanced melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Eroglu
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | - Turkan Ozturk Topcu
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Matt Nichols
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Justin Martin
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Katherine M Bui
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joseph Markowitz
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Nikhil I Khushalani
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ahmad A Tarhini
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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19
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Sørensen PJ, Carlsen JF, Larsen VA, Andersen FL, Ladefoged CN, Nielsen MB, Poulsen HS, Hansen AE. Evaluation of the HD-GLIO Deep Learning Algorithm for Brain Tumour Segmentation on Postoperative MRI. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030363. [PMID: 36766468 PMCID: PMC9914320 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of brain tumour response assessment, deep learning-based three-dimensional (3D) tumour segmentation has shown potential to enter the routine radiological workflow. The purpose of the present study was to perform an external evaluation of a state-of-the-art deep learning 3D brain tumour segmentation algorithm (HD-GLIO) on an independent cohort of consecutive, post-operative patients. For 66 consecutive magnetic resonance imaging examinations, we compared delineations of contrast-enhancing (CE) tumour lesions and non-enhancing T2/FLAIR hyperintense abnormality (NE) lesions by the HD-GLIO algorithm and radiologists using Dice similarity coefficients (Dice). Volume agreement was assessed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCCs) and Bland-Altman plots. The algorithm performed very well regarding the segmentation of NE volumes (median Dice = 0.79) and CE tumour volumes larger than 1.0 cm3 (median Dice = 0.86). If considering all cases with CE tumour lesions, the performance dropped significantly (median Dice = 0.40). Volume agreement was excellent with CCCs of 0.997 (CE tumour volumes) and 0.922 (NE volumes). The findings have implications for the application of the HD-GLIO algorithm in the routine radiological workflow where small contrast-enhancing tumours will constitute a considerable share of the follow-up cases. Our study underlines that independent validations on clinical datasets are key to asserting the robustness of deep learning algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jagd Sørensen
- Department of Radiology, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- The DCCC Brain Tumor Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Jonathan Frederik Carlsen
- Department of Radiology, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andrée Larsen
- Department of Radiology, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Littrup Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claes Nøhr Ladefoged
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Bachmann Nielsen
- Department of Radiology, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
- The DCCC Brain Tumor Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Espe Hansen
- Department of Radiology, Centre of Diagnostic Investigation, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- The DCCC Brain Tumor Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Orro K, Salk K, Abram K, Arshavskaja J, Meikas A, Karelson M, Neuman T, Kingo K, Spee P. Assessment of soluble skin surface protein levels for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris in adult psoriasis patients using non-invasive transdermal analysis patch: A pilot study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1072160. [PMID: 36936209 PMCID: PMC10019527 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1072160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the care of patients with chronic inflammatory skin conditions, such as psoriasis, there is a need for diagnostic methods that can facilitate personalized medicine. This exploratory pilot study aimed to determine whether non-invasive measurements of inflammation-related proteins from psoriatic skin can be sampled using the FibroTx Transdermal Analysis Patch (TAP) to assess disease severity and monitor pharmacodynamic changes. Ten healthy volunteers and 44 psoriasis vulgaris patients were enrolled in the exploratory pilot study. Skin surface protein measurements for healthy and lesional skin were performed using TAP. Patients' scores of psoriasis activity and severity (PASI) were documented, and differences in the thickness of skin layers were determined using sonography. The study assessed the skin surface protein levels of psoriasis patients undergoing whole-body treatment with narrow-band UVB to evaluate whether the levels of the skin surface proteins IL-1α, IL-1RA CXCL-1/2, and hBD-1 were associated with the disease activity and severity measurements. Using TAP technology, it was observed that there were clear differences in levels of IL-1α, IL-1RA, CXCL-1/2, and hBD-1 between psoriasis lesional and non-lesional skin. In addition, a positive correlation between CXCL-1/2 and desquamation, and between CXCL-1/2 and SLEB thickness was observed. During UVB treatment, the TAP measurements revealed a clear reduction of IL-1RA, CXCL 1/2, and hBD-1 on lesional skin. Further, skin surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a different profile than those achieved by visual scoring of local inflammation, thus indicating that measuring the 'molecular root' of inflammation appears to have value as an objective, non-invasive biomarker measurement for scoring disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadri Orro
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
- FibroTx LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
- *Correspondence: Kadri Orro,
| | | | - Kristi Abram
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Maire Karelson
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Külli Kingo
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pieter Spee
- FibroTx LLC, Tallinn, Estonia
- PS! Pharmaconsult, Alleroed, Denmark
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21
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Kundu P. Editorial: Functional neuroimaging in psychiatric practice: How far have we come? Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1174588. [PMID: 37124252 PMCID: PMC10133710 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1174588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prantik Kundu
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ceretype Neuromedicine Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Prantik Kundu
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22
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Shoukat I, Mueller CR. Searching for DNA methylation in patients triple-negative breast cancer: a liquid biopsy approach. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:41-51. [PMID: 36715539 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2173579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liquid biopsies are proving to have diagnostic and prognostic value in many different cancers, and in breast cancer they have the potential to improve outcomes by providing valuable information throughout a patient's cancer journey. However, patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have received little benefit from such liquid biopsies due to underlying limitations in the discovery and utility of robust biomarkers. Here, we examine the development of DNA methylation-based liquid biopsy assays for breast cancer and how they pertain to TNBC. AREAS COVERED We conducted a systematic review of liquid biopsy assays for breast cancer and analyzed their relevance in TNBC. We show that the utility of DNA mutation-based assays is poor for TNBC due to the low mutational frequencies across the genome in this subtype. We offer a detailed review of mDETECT - a liquid biopsy specifically designed for assessing tumor burden in TNBC patients. EXPERT OPINION DNA methylation are foundational and robust events that occur in cancer evolution and may differentiate almost all forms of cancer, including TNBC. Longitudinal patient monitoring using DNA methylation-based liquid biopsies offers great potential for improving the detection and management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irsa Shoukat
- Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher R Mueller
- Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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23
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Lunger L, Chantadisai M, Karimzadeh A, Rauscher I, D'Alessandria C, Feuerecker B, Langbein T, Tauber R, Schiele S, Weber WA, Eiber M. The prognostic role of 68Ga-PSMA11 PET-based response in prostate cancer patients undergoing taxane-based chemotherapy. J Nucl Med 2022:jnumed.122.264962. [PMID: 36581373 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the prognostic utility of conventional biochemical and imaging response criteria and 68Ga- prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) 11 PET adapted or specific systems regarding overall survival (OS) in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive (mHSPC) and castration-resistant PC (mCRPC) treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 103 patients (pts) (n = 57 mHSPC, n = 46 mCRPC) underwent taxane-based chemotherapy. All patients had a minimum of two PSMA PET scans (at baseline and up to 3 months post-treatment). PSMA PET response was assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1), adapted Prostate Cancer Working Group Criteria 3 (aPCWG3, using PSMA PET instead of bone scan), adapted Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (aPERCIST) and PSMA PET Progression (PPP) criteria. Response by each criterion was stratified by either progressive disease (PD) versus non-PD. For aPERCIST, stratification by PD, stable disease (SD) and partial/complete remission (PR/CR) was performed. Biochemical response was determined by PSA decline ≥50%. Subgroup analyses were performed by castration-status. Univariable cox proportional hazard regression analyses including Harrell's concordance indices were calculated to investigate the association of PD by response criteria and OS. Kaplan-Meier tests including log-rank statistics were calculated for survival analyses. Results: 26 (25%) of pts had non-measurable disease by RECIST 1.1. PD by any response criterion was associated with an at least 2.5-fold increased risk of death and was highest for PD versus CR/PR by aPERCIST (HR 11.4) on univariable regression. Stratified by castration status, a similar pattern was observed. PD by any criterion as associated with significantly shortened OS across overall and subgroup analyses. PR/CR by aPERCIST identified pts with lower risk of death and longer OS as compared to patients with PD or SD. Conclusion: 68Ga-PSMA11 PET-based response criteria (PPP, aPERCIST, aPCWG3) have high prognostic utility in men with metastatic PC undergoing taxane-based chemotherapy. PPP is simple to use, identified most patients with PD and showed best prognostic utility regarding OS. PR/CR by aPERCIST identifies a subgroup of responders (PR/CR) showing better outcomes than patients with PD or SD. Future studies are warranted to amend the current paradigm relying on mere differentiation of PD versus non-PD in metastatic PC and to identify true treatment responders by imaging criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lunger
- Department of Urology, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Maythinee Chantadisai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Thailand
| | - Amir Karimzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Rauscher
- Department of Urology, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Feuerecker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Langbein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Tauber
- Department of Urology, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schiele
- Department of Urology, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Andreas Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Eiber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
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24
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Shi Y, Wang M, Zhang J, Xiang Z, Li C, Zhang J, Ma X. Tailoring the clinical management of colorectal cancer by 18F-FDG PET/CT. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1062704. [PMID: 36620584 PMCID: PMC9814158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1062704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. It is inadequate to handle in terms of staging and restaging only based on morphological imaging modalities and serum surrogate markers. And the correct and timely staging of CRC is imperative to prognosis and management. When compared to established sequential, multimodal conventional diagnostic methods, the molecular and functional imaging 18F-FDG PET/CT shows superiorities for tailoring appropriate treatment maneuvers to each patient. This review aims to summarize the utilities of 18F-FDG PET/CT in CRC, focusing on primary staging, follow-up assessment of tumor responses and diagnostic of recurrence. In addition, we also summarize the technical considerations of PET/CT and the conventional imaging modalities in those patients who are either newly diagnosed with CRC or has already been treated from this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang Shi, ; ; Jingjing Zhang, ; Xing Ma,
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Administration, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang Shi, ; ; Jingjing Zhang, ; Xing Ma,
| | - Xing Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yang Shi, ; ; Jingjing Zhang, ; Xing Ma,
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25
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Gristina V, Barraco N, La Mantia M, Castellana L, Insalaco L, Bono M, Perez A, Sardo D, Inguglia S, Iacono F, Cutaia S, Bazan Russo TD, Francini E, Incorvaia L, Badalamenti G, Russo A, Galvano A, Bazan V. Clinical Potential of Circulating Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA) for Longitudinally Monitoring Clinical Outcomes in the First-Line Setting of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Real-World Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14236013. [PMID: 36497493 PMCID: PMC9735435 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14236013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the increasing implementation of targeted and immunotherapy-based treatments, the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC remains dismal. We prospectively evaluated longitudinal plasma cfDNA kinetics as an early marker of therapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing standard first-line treatments. METHODS From February 2020 to May 2022, treatment-naïve patients with advanced NSCLC were consecutively enrolled at the Medical Oncology Unit of the Paolo Giaccone University Hospital, Palermo (Italy). We quantified cfDNA in terms of ng/μL using a QubitTM dsDNA HS Assay Kit. The agreement between the cfDNA and radiologic response was evaluated from baseline (T0) to the radiologic evaluation (T1). RESULTS A total of 315 liquid biopsy samples were collected from 63 patients at baseline, with a total of 235 paired plasma samples from 47 patients at disease re-evaluation. A fair concordance was observed between early and durable radiographic and cfDNA response (Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.001); 11 and 18 patients receiving TKI (Pearson's chi-squared test = 4.278; Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.039) and IO treatments (Pearson's chi-squared test = 7.481; Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.006) showed a significant and durable association between cfDNA dynamics and the first radiologic evaluation, whereas among the 18 patients undergoing CT, no significant correlation was observed (Pearson's chi-squared test = 0.720; Cohen's kappa coefficient = 0.396). The ECOG-PS 2 patients presented with the mean baseline cfDNA levels 2.6-fold higher than those with ECOG-PS 0-1 (1.71 vs. 0.65 ng/µL; p = 0.105). CONCLUSIONS Our real-world study demonstrates that quantitative changes in cfDNA values correlated with responses to therapy and relapse of disease in treatment-naïve patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing TKI- and IO-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Gristina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria La Mantia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Castellana
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lavinia Insalaco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Bono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perez
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Delia Sardo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Inguglia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Iacono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sofia Cutaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Francini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Badalamenti
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Galvano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Dacosta-Sánchez D, González-Ponce BM, Fernández-Calderón F, Sánchez-García M, Lozano OM. Retention in treatment and therapeutic adherence: How are these associated with therapeutic success? An analysis using real-world data. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2022; 31:e1929. [PMID: 35765238 PMCID: PMC9720222 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment retention and adherence are used as outcomes in numerous randomized clinical trials and observational studies conducted in the addiction field. Although usual criteria are 3/6 months of treatment retention or number of sessions attended, there is not a methodological support for conclusions using these criteria. This study analyzed the usefulness of retention and adherence to predict therapeutic success. METHODS Retrospective observational study using real-world data from electronic health records of 11,907 patients in treatment diagnosed with cocaine, alcohol, cannabis and opiate use disorders or harmful use. RESULTS Moderate effect size relations were found between the different type of clinical discharge and months in retention (η2 = 0.12) and proportion of attendance (η2 = 0.10). No relationship was found with the number of sessions attended. Using cut-off points (i.e., 3 or 6 months in treatment or attending 6 therapy sessions) worsens the ability to predict the type of discharge. DISCUSSIONS/CONCLUSION Treatment retention and adherence are indicators moderately related to therapeutic success. Research using these indicators to assess the effectiveness of therapies should complement their results with other clinical indicators and quality of life measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fermín Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-García
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Oscar M Lozano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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Lee SC, Leung KKC, Chung ACY, Wong ESY, Meehan KL, Chan JYK. Fluid Biomarkers in HPV and Non-HPV Related Oropharyngeal Carcinomas: From Diagnosis and Monitoring to Prognostication-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are crucial in oncology, from detection and monitoring to guiding management and predicting treatment outcomes. Histological assessment of tissue biopsies is currently the gold standard for oropharyngeal cancers, but is technically demanding, invasive, and expensive. This systematic review aims to review current markers that are detectable in biofluids, which offer promising non-invasive alternatives in oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPCs). A total of 174 clinical trials from the PubMed search engine in the last 5 years were identified and screened by 4 independent reviewers. From these, 38 eligible clinical trials were found and subsequently reviewed. The biomarkers involved, categorized by human papillomavirus (HPV)-status, were further divided according to molecular and cellular levels. Recent trials investigating biomarkers for both HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPCs have approaches from various levels and different biofluids including plasma, oropharyngeal swabs, and oral rinse. Promising candidates have been found to aid in detection, staging, and predicting prognosis, in addition to well-established factors including HPV-status, drinking and smoking status. These studies also emphasize the possibility of enhancing prediction results and increasing statistical significance by multivariate analyses. Liquid biopsies offer promising assistance in enhancing personalized medicine for cancer treatment, from lowering barriers towards early screening, to facilitating de-escalation of treatment. However, further research is needed, and the combination of liquid biopsies with pre-existing methods, including in vivo imaging and invasive techniques such as neck dissections, could also be explored in future trials.
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Kotowicz BU, Fuksiewicz M, Bidzinski M, Berezowska A, Sobiczewski P, Kowalska MM. Measurement of HE4 six months after first-line treatment as optimal time in identifying patients at high risk of progression advanced ovarian cancer. Ginekol Pol 2022; 93:910-5. [PMID: 36621970 DOI: 10.5603/GP.a2022.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to assess the usefulness of determining HE4 and CA125 in ovarian cancer patients, to indicate which of the measurements may be optimal in the prognosis, depending on the treatment scheme. MATERIAL AND METHODS The concentrations of CA125 and HE4 were performed in 70 patients with advanced ovarian cancer during I-line therapy and after treatment. The subjects were divided based on the treatment scheme: group I - primary surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, II- neoadjuvant therapy, and surgery. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that HE4 levels six months after treatment was significantly higher in patients with disease progression. ROC analysis in the group of patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy showed that the cut-off values indicating relapse for HE4 and CA125 after six months of follow up, were > 90.4 pmol/L, > 25.6 IU/mL, respectively. In the group of patients not treated with neoadjuvant therapy, the cut-off points differentiating patients with progression were: HE4 > 79.1 pmol/L, CA125 > 30.7 IU/mL. We demonstrated significantly higher HE4 and CA125 at both 6- and 12-months follow-up in patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy. In both groups of patients, the cut-off points were lower than those proposed by the manufacturer of the kits. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of HE4 six months after treatment may be useful in identifying patients at high risk of progression, especially when CA125 levels may be non-specifically elevated. The cut-off values indicating relapse for HE4 and CA125 after six months of follow up may be lower than the normal range.
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Silva ATF, Rodrigues CM, Ferreira ICC, Santos LLD, Santos DW, Araújo TG, Canto PPL, Paiva CE, Goulart LR, Maia YCP. A Novel Detection Method of Breast Cancer through a Simple Panel of Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911983. [PMID: 36233281 PMCID: PMC9570447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been identified as responsible for the spread of tumors to other organs of the body. In this sense, the development of sensitive and specific assays for their detection is important to reduce the number of deaths due to metastases. Here, we assessed whether the detection of CTCs in peripheral blood can serve in the construction of a panel of diagnosis and monitoring treatments of breast cancer (BC), focusing on the expression of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Through analyzing the blood from women without breast alterations (control), women with benign alterations, women with breast cancer without chemotherapy, and women with breast cancer with chemotherapy, we identified the best markers by transcriptional levels and determined three profiles of CTCs (mesenchymal, intermediate, and epithelial) by flow cytometry which, combined, can be used for diagnosis and therapy monitoring with sensitivity and specificity between 80% and 100%. Therefore, we have developed a method for detecting breast cancer based on the analysis of CTC profiles by epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers which, combined, can be used for the diagnosis and monitoring of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alinne T. F. Silva
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Health Science, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 210, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabella C. C. Ferreira
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Health Science, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 210, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia L. D. Santos
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Health Science, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 210, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Donizeti W. Santos
- Obstetric Division, University Hospital, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, Block 2H, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaise G. Araújo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula P. L. Canto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Clinics Hospital, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará, 1720, Oncology Sector, Room 9, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos E. Paiva
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate Program in Oncology, Palliative Care and Quality of Life Research Group (GPQual), Barretos Cancer Hospital, R. Antenor Duarte Vilela, 1331, Doutor Paulo Prata, Barretos 14784-400, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R. Goulart
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Health Science, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 210, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Yara C. P. Maia
- Molecular Biology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Health Science, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 210, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-320, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Amazonas sn, Block 2E, 2º Floor, Room 248, Campus Umuarama, Uberlandia 38405-302, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-3225-8628
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Heyckendorf J, Georghiou SB, Frahm N, Heinrich N, Kontsevaya I, Reimann M, Holtzman D, Imperial M, Cirillo DM, Gillespie SH, Ruhwald M. Tuberculosis Treatment Monitoring and Outcome Measures: New Interest and New Strategies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0022721. [PMID: 35311552 PMCID: PMC9491169 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00227-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advent of new diagnostics, drugs and regimens, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health threat. A significant challenge for TB control efforts has been the monitoring of TB therapy and determination of TB treatment success. Current recommendations for TB treatment monitoring rely on sputum and culture conversion, which have low sensitivity and long turnaround times, present biohazard risk, and are prone to contamination, undermining their usefulness as clinical treatment monitoring tools and for drug development. We review the pipeline of molecular technologies and assays that serve as suitable substitutes for current culture-based readouts for treatment response and outcome with the potential to change TB therapy monitoring and accelerate drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heyckendorf
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
- International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Frahm
- Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Norbert Heinrich
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Centre of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Kontsevaya
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
- International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maja Reimann
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
- International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - David Holtzman
- FIND, the Global Alliance for Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Imperial
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA, United States
| | - Daniela M. Cirillo
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephen H. Gillespie
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrewsgrid.11914.3c, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland
| | - Morten Ruhwald
- FIND, the Global Alliance for Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland
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Wang RM, Xu WQ, Zheng ZW, Yang GM, Zhang MY, Ke HZ, Xia N, Dong Y, Wu ZY. Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Wilson's Disease: A Promising Indicator but Unparallel to Real-Time Treatment Response. Mov Disord 2022; 37:1531-1535. [PMID: 35507442 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson's disease (WD) currently lacks a promising indicator that could reflect neurological impairment and monitor treatment outcome. We aimed to investigate whether serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) functions as a candidate for disease assessment and treatment monitoring of WD. METHODS We assessed preclinical and manifested WD patients' sNfL levels compared to controls and analyzed the differences between patients with various clinical symptoms. We then explored the correlation between clinical scales and sNfL levels. And repeated measurements were performed in 34 patients before and after treatment. RESULTS WD patients with neurological involvement had significantly higher sNfL levels than both hepatic patients and controls. Positive correlations were found between Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale scores and sNfL and between semiquantitative magnetic resonance imaging scales and sNfL levels in WD patients. However, in the treatment follow-up analysis, the trend of sNfL before and after treatment disaccorded with clinical response. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that sNfL levels can be an ideal indicator for the severity of neurological involvement but fail to evaluate change in disease condition after treatment. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou-Min Wang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Qing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Min Yang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Zhen Ke
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xia
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
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Surman C, Boland H, Kaufman D, DiSalvo M. Personalized Remote Mobile Surveys of Adult ADHD Symptoms and Function: A Pilot Study of Usability and Utility for Pharmacology Monitoring. J Atten Disord 2022; 26:1001-1010. [PMID: 34693788 DOI: 10.1177/10870547211044213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Validate the usability and treatment-sensitivity of a remote SMS-based ADHD monitoring method. METHOD 206 adults taking stimulants for ADHD participated. Participants selected ADHD symptoms and functional impairments that they anticipated to be stimulant-sensitive, which were rated via mobile messages up to 20 times over 10 days. RESULTS A majority of participants found it only somewhat or not at all difficult to identify an ADHD symptom sensitive to presence of stimulant medication, and 79% responded to at least one survey message. As expected, a majority of participants endorsed it was "easy" to participate, and less burdensome than a paper diary. Surveys significantly discriminated between on and off medication states, both between days, and within the same day. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest SMS-based monitoring of patient-selected ADHD-related challenges is both feasible and sensitive to stimulant treatment. This remote assay method may be a meaningful adjunct to in-visit treatment monitoring.
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Carlton CN, Garcia KM, Richey JA, Ollendick TH. Screening for Adolescent Social Anxiety: Psychometric Properties of the Severity Measure for Social Anxiety Disorder. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:237-43. [PMID: 33471247 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating disorder that emerges during adolescence and confers a significant burden on interpersonal functioning. Currently available diagnostic interviews are lengthy and generally require clinically-trained experts to administer. Consequently, the identification of clinically valid self-report measures of social anxiety is necessary for streamlining assessment processes and routine outcome monitoring of adolescent social anxiety symptoms. Accordingly, the present study establishes the psychometric properties and predictive utility of the Severity Measure for Social Anxiety Disorder (SMSAD). Participants included 58 adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age who met diagnostic criteria for SAD. In addition to the SMSAD and other self-report measures, clinician and parent reports were obtained. Findings support the reliability and validity of the SMSAD, and highlight the clinical utility of this measure in comparison to previously validated measures of social anxiety. Overall, results indicate that the SMSAD is a valid and reliable measure for assessing and routinely tracking social anxiety symptoms in adolescents.
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Li CL, Fisher CJ, Wilson BC, Weersink RA. Preclinical evaluation of a clinical prototype transrectal diffuse optical tomography system for monitoring photothermal therapy of focal prostate cancer. J Biomed Opt 2022; 27:JBO-210262RR. [PMID: 35106981 PMCID: PMC8806493 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.2.026001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Our work demonstrates in preclinical models that continuous-wave transrectal diffuse optical tomography (TRDOT) can be used to accurately monitor photothermal therapy (PTT) and, in particular, the progression of the photocoagulation boundary toward the rectum. When used in patients, this should prevent rectal damage during PTT, thereby achieving maximum treatment efficacy while ensuring safety, using a technology platform suitable for wide dissemination. AIM We aim to validate that TRDOT measurements analyzed using a shape-based image-reconstruction algorithm (SBDOT) allow localization of the photocoagulation boundary during PTT within ±1 mm toward the rectum in the transverse plane. APPROACH TRDOT measurements were performed in tissue-simulating phantoms, ex vivo tissues, and an in vivo canine prostate model. The accuracy and sensitivity of reconstructing the size and location of the coagulation zone were determined, based on changes in the tissue absorption and reduced scattering coefficients upon photocoagulation. The reconstruction also yields the native and coagulated tissue optical properties. RESULTS The TRDOT measurements and SBDOT reconstruction algorithm were confirmed to perform sufficiently well for clinical translation in PTT monitoring, recovering the location of the coagulation boundary within ±1 mm compared to the true value as determined by direct visualization postexcision and/or MRI. CONCLUSIONS Implementing previously described TRDOT instrumentation and SBDOT image reconstruction in different tissue models confirms the potential for clinincal translation, including required refinements of the system and reconstruction algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina L. Li
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carl J. Fisher
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert A. Weersink
- University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
- University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Department of Radiation Oncology, Toronto, Canada
- University of Toronto, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, Canada
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Cucchiara F, Scarpitta R, Crucitta S, Scatena C, Arici R, Naccarato AG, Fogli S, Danesi R, Del Re M. Diagnosis and treatment monitoring in breast cancer: how liquid biopsy can support patient management. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:119-134. [PMID: 35006002 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2021-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging and tissue biopsies represent the current gold standard for breast cancer diagnosis and patient management. However, these practices are time-consuming, expensive and require invasive procedures. Moreover, tissue biopsies do not capture spatial and temporal tumor heterogeneity. Conversely, liquid biopsy, which includes circulating tumor cells, circulating free nucleic acids and extracellular vesicles, is minimally invasive, easy to perform and can be repeated during a patient's follow-up. Increasing evidence also suggests that liquid biopsy can be used to efficiently screen and diagnose tumors at an early stage, and to monitor changes in the tumor molecular profile. In the present review, clinical applications and prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cucchiara
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Scarpitta
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research & New Technologies in Medicine & Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Stefania Crucitta
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristian Scatena
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research & New Technologies in Medicine & Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Roberta Arici
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research & New Technologies in Medicine & Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Stefano Fogli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Romano Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Re
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Paton C, Citrome L, Fernandez-Egea E, Rendora O, Barnes TRE. Who is prescribed valproate and how carefully is this treatment reviewed in UK mental health services? Data from a clinical audit. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2022; 12:20451253221110016. [PMID: 36051503 PMCID: PMC9425878 DOI: 10.1177/20451253221110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The licensed indications for valproate are narrow, yet this medication is commonly prescribed in mental health services. OBJECTIVES To explore the target symptoms/behaviours for which valproate is prescribed and how well the efficacy and tolerability of this treatment are monitored in routine clinical practice. DESIGN An audit-based quality improvement (QI) programme in UK mental health services. METHODS Information on valproate prescribing was collected from clinical records using a bespoke data collection tool. RESULTS Sixty-four NHS mental health Trusts/healthcare organisations submitted data on valproate treatment for 5320 patients. Valproate was clearly prescribed for a licensed indication in 1995 (38%) patients, off-label in 1987 (37%) while the indication was uncertain/not available in 1338 (25%). Of the 919 patients started on valproate treatment within the past year, between a half and two-thirds had each of the relevant baseline physical health checks documented. In 539 (59%) of these patients, valproate was prescribed for an unlicensed indication; the prescription was recognised as off-label in 363 (67%), 20 (6%) of whom were documented as having had this explained to them. Of 631 patients prescribed valproate for between 3 months and a year, early on-treatment assessments of response and side effects were documented in 441 (70%) and 332 (53%), respectively. Of 4401 patients treated for more than a year, annual on-treatment reviews of clinical response and side effects were documented in 2771 (63%) and 2140 (49%), respectively. CONCLUSION Our data suggest the majority of prescriptions for valproate in mental health services are not for a licensed indication. Furthermore, patients rarely receive an explanation that their valproate prescription is off-label, perhaps partly because the licensed indications are not widely understood by prescribers. Given the very limited evidence for efficacy for the off-label uses of valproate, failure to routinely conduct early on-treatment and annual reviews of the benefits and side effects of this medication may result in patients remaining on ineffective and poorly tolerated treatment by default.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Paton
- Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, Centre for Quality Improvement, Royal College of Psychiatrists, 21 Prescot Street, Whitechapel, London E1 8BB, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Leslie Citrome
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, New York Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Emilio Fernandez-Egea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Psychosis Centre, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivia Rendora
- Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, Centre for Quality Improvement, Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK
| | - Thomas R E Barnes
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, Centre for Quality Improvement, Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK
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Trongtrakul K, Thonusin C, Pothirat C, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Past Experiences for Future Applications of Metabolomics in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shocks. Metabolites 2021; 12:metabo12010001. [PMID: 35050123 PMCID: PMC8779293 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A disruption of several metabolic pathways in critically ill patients with sepsis indicates that metabolomics might be used as a more precise tool for sepsis and septic shock when compared with the conventional biomarkers. This article provides information regarding metabolomics studies in sepsis and septic shock patients. It has been shown that a variety of metabolomic pathways are altered in sepsis and septic shock, including amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, phospholipid metabolism, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Based upon this comprehensive review, here, we demonstrate that metabolomics is about to change the world of sepsis biomarkers, not only for its utilization in sepsis diagnosis, but also for prognosticating and monitoring the therapeutic response. Additionally, the future direction regarding the establishment of studies integrating metabolomics with other molecular modalities and studies identifying the relationships between metabolomic profiles and clinical characteristics to address clinical application are discussed in this article. All of the information from this review indicates the important impact of metabolomics as a tool for diagnosis, monitoring therapeutic response, and prognostic assessment of sepsis and septic shock. These findings also encourage further clinical investigations to warrant its use in routine clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konlawij Trongtrakul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (N.C.)
| | - Chaicharn Pothirat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Metabolomics Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (N.C.)
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Pękala A, Filip R. Levels of Biosimilar Infliximab during and after Induction Treatment in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis-A Prospective Polish Population Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5311. [PMID: 34830598 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary lack or secondary loss of response to therapy with infliximab is a significant problem. This study aimed to evaluate the response to treatment in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) achieving therapeutic and sub-therapeutic trough levels of biosimilar infliximab (CT-P13). Results: A total of 65 patients (32 with CD and 33 with UC) were recruited. The overall response rate in both CD and UC patients exceeded 80%. There were no significant differences in treatment response and CT-P13 levels for patients with CD or UC. We did not find significant differences in the percentage of patients achieving drug levels of 3 μg/mL at week 6, 10, or 12; a significant decrease was observed at week 14. Up to 55.5% of patients with CD and 64.3% of patients with UC with sub-therapeutic CT-P13 levels at week 14 primarily responded to treatment. Conclusions: Intermediate measurements of drug levels at weeks 10 and 12 did not capture any pronounced decrease in infliximab concentrations below therapeutic levels in either group, thus suggesting no clinical usefulness. A significant percentage of patients primarily responded to treatment despite sub-therapeutic drug levels after the induction phase.
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Baumgartner D, Johannsen B, Specht M, Lüddecke J, Rombach M, Hin S, Paust N, von Stetten F, Zengerle R, Herz C, Peham JR, Paqué PN, Attin T, Jenzer JS, Körner P, Schmidlin PR, Thurnheer T, Wegehaupt FJ, Kaman WE, Stubbs A, Hays JP, Rusu V, Michie A, Binsl T, Stejskal D, Karpíšek M, Bao K, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN, Mitsakakis K. OralDisk: A Chair-Side Compatible Molecular Platform Using Whole Saliva for Monitoring Oral Health at the Dental Practice. Biosensors (Basel) 2021; 11:bios11110423. [PMID: 34821641 PMCID: PMC8615610 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis and dental caries are two major bacterially induced, non-communicable diseases that cause the deterioration of oral health, with implications in patients' general health. Early, precise diagnosis and personalized monitoring are essential for the efficient prevention and management of these diseases. Here, we present a disk-shaped microfluidic platform (OralDisk) compatible with chair-side use that enables analysis of non-invasively collected whole saliva samples and molecular-based detection of ten bacteria: seven periodontitis-associated (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola) and three caries-associated (oral Lactobacilli, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus). Each OralDisk test required 400 µL of homogenized whole saliva. The automated workflow included bacterial DNA extraction, purification and hydrolysis probe real-time PCR detection of the target pathogens. All reagents were pre-stored within the disk and sample-to-answer processing took < 3 h using a compact, customized processing device. A technical feasibility study (25 OralDisks) was conducted using samples from healthy, periodontitis and caries patients. The comparison of the OralDisk with a lab-based reference method revealed a ~90% agreement amongst targets detected as positive and negative. This shows the OralDisk's potential and suitability for inclusion in larger prospective implementation studies in dental care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Baumgartner
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK–Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (D.B.); Tel.: +49-761-203-73252 (K.M.); +49-761-203-98724 (D.B.)
| | - Benita Johannsen
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Mara Specht
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jan Lüddecke
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Markus Rombach
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Sebastian Hin
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Nils Paust
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK–Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix von Stetten
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK–Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK–Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Herz
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Wien, Austria; (C.H.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Johannes R. Peham
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, Giefinggasse 4, 1210 Wien, Austria; (C.H.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Pune N. Paqué
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Joël S. Jenzer
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Philipp Körner
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Thomas Thurnheer
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Florian J. Wegehaupt
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.N.P.); (T.A.); (J.S.J.); (P.K.); (P.R.S.); (T.T.); (F.J.W.)
| | - Wendy E. Kaman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam (Erasmus MC), 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (W.E.K.); (J.P.H.)
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Free University of Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Stubbs
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam (Erasmus MC), 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - John P. Hays
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam (Erasmus MC), 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (W.E.K.); (J.P.H.)
| | - Viorel Rusu
- Magtivio B.V., Daelderweg 9, 6361 HK Nuth, The Netherlands;
| | - Alex Michie
- ClinicaGeno Ltd., 11 Station Approach, Coulsdon CR5 2NR, UK; (A.M.); (T.B.)
| | - Thomas Binsl
- ClinicaGeno Ltd., 11 Station Approach, Coulsdon CR5 2NR, UK; (A.M.); (T.B.)
| | - David Stejskal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 70300 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 1790/5, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Karpíšek
- BioVendor-Laboratorní Medicína a.s., Research & Diagnostic Products Division, Karasek 1767/1, Reckovice, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho trida 1946/1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kai Bao
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden; (K.B.); (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden; (K.B.); (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden; (K.B.); (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Konstantinos Mitsakakis
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (B.J.); (M.S.); (J.L.); (M.R.); (S.H.); (N.P.); (F.v.S.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK–Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (D.B.); Tel.: +49-761-203-73252 (K.M.); +49-761-203-98724 (D.B.)
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Verzì AE, Micali G, Lacarrubba F. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography May Enhance Monitoring of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Imiquimod 5% Cream: A Pilot Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4913. [PMID: 34638396 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a novel, non-invasive technique for real-time skin imaging. Imiquimod (IQ) 5% cream is an immune response modifier currently approved for the treatment of small, superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The aim of this study was to investigate if LC-OCT may be useful to enhance the treatment monitoring of BCC. Twenty superficial BCCs from 12 patients were treated with IQ 5% cream once daily, five days a week, for six weeks. Clinical and LC-OCT evaluations were performed at baseline and 4 weeks after the end of treatment. At the end of the study, 13 lesions showed a complete clinical and LC-OCT response, 4 lesions a partial clinical and LC-OCT response, and 3 lesions a complete clinical response but residual tumoral signs at LC-OCT. Our pilot study suggests that LC-OCT may represent a promising tool able to enhance the evaluation of the treatment response of BCCs to non-invasive treatments. In our case series, its use highlighted, through a detailed, fast, and complete examination of the treated area, three cases of residual BCC that otherwise would have gone undetected at clinical examination. Future studies on larger series of patients treated with different modalities and with a longer follow-up are advisable.
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Sahu SS, Cavallaro S, Hååg P, Nagy Á, Karlström AE, Lewensohn R, Viktorsson K, Linnros J, Dev A. Exploiting Electrostatic Interaction for Highly Sensitive Detection of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by an Electrokinetic Sensor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:42513-42521. [PMID: 34473477 PMCID: PMC8447189 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach to improve the detection sensitivity of a streaming current-based biosensor for membrane protein profiling of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). The experimental approach, supported by theoretical investigation, exploits electrostatic charge contrast between the sensor surface and target analytes to enhance the detection sensitivity. We first demonstrate the feasibility of the approach using different chemical functionalization schemes to modulate the zeta potential of the sensor surface in a range -16.0 to -32.8 mV. Thereafter, we examine the sensitivity of the sensor surface across this range of zeta potential to determine the optimal functionalization scheme. The limit of detection (LOD) varied by 2 orders of magnitude across this range, reaching a value of 4.9 × 106 particles/mL for the best performing surface for CD9. We then used the optimized surface to profile CD9, EGFR, and PD-L1 surface proteins of sEVs derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell-line H1975, before and after treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as sEVs derived from pleural effusion fluid of NSCLC adenocarcinoma patients. Our results show the feasibility to monitor CD9, EGFR, and PD-L1 expression on the sEV surface, illustrating a good prospect of the method for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Sourabh Sahu
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Cavallaro
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Hååg
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ábel Nagy
- Department
of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health
(CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Department
of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health
(CBH), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rolf Lewensohn
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme
Cancer, Patient Area Head and Neck, Lung, and Skin, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Solna, Sweden
| | - Kristina Viktorsson
- Department
of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Linnros
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Apurba Dev
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75121 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Lin Y, Xiao S, Yao W, Lv Z, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Chen L. Molecular photoacoustic imaging for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis in a mouse model. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:8873-8884. [PMID: 34540001 PMCID: PMC8430181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive inflammatory joint disease. Early diagnosis is critical for timely therapeutic intervention. However, it lacks effective diagnostic methods capable of detecting disease progression in its early stage and evaluating treatment efficacy in clinics. Photoacoustic (PA) molecular imaging is a novel imaging modality that can detect in the early stage of disease and continuously monitor its progression. In this study, Evans blue (EB) was used as a PA contrast agent to detect the angiogenesis and microcirculation dysfunction in RA joint. In collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, a distinct increase of PA signal was detected early at 2 weeks, with significant higher PA signal intensities from the RA joints compared to the normal joints. More importantly, we detected an increasing trend of PA signal intensity week by week post CIA induction, demonstrating the potential of EB-enhanced PA imaging in monitoring the development of RA. However, joint damage was silent in the X-ray at 2 weeks post CIA induction, which suggested the superiority of PA imaging in RA early detection. In addition, striking decrease of PA signal intensities in the RA joints was observed after administration with etanercept compared with the untreated RA joints. The signal changes exhibited by PA imaging were confirmed by clinical observation and histological examinations. This study demonstrated the promising use of EB-enhanced PA imaging for the early diagnosis and its feasibility for RA treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimu Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Xiao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huzhou First People’s HospitalHuzhou 313000, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Lv
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT)Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech)Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, P. R. China
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Reza KK, Dey S, Wuethrich A, Behren A, Antaw F, Wang Y, Sina AAI, Trau M. In Situ Single Cell Proteomics Reveals Circulating Tumor Cell Heterogeneity during Treatment. ACS Nano 2021; 15:11231-11243. [PMID: 34225455 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a dynamic disease with heterogenic molecular signatures and constantly evolves during the course of the disease. Single cell proteomic analysis could offer a suitable pathway to monitor cancer cell heterogeneity and deliver critical information for the diagnosis, recurrence, and drug-resistant mechanisms in cancer. Current standard techniques for proteomic analysis such as ELISA, mass spectrometry, and Western blots are time-consuming, expensive, and often require fluorescence labeling that fails to provide accurate information about the multiple protein expression changes at the single cell level. Herein, we report a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-based simple microfluidic device that enables the screening of single circulating tumor cells (CTC) in a dynamic state to precisely understand the heterogeneous expression of multiple protein biomarkers in response to therapy. It further enables identifying intercellular heterogeneous expression of CTC surface proteins which would be highly informative to identify the cancer cells surviving treatment and potentially responsible for drug resistance. Using a bead and cell line-based model system, we successfully detect single bead and single cell spectra when flowed through the device. Using SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells, we demonstrate that our system is capable of monitoring heterogeneous expressions of multiple surface protein markers (MCSP, MCAM, and LNGFR) before and during drug treatment. Integrating a label-free electrochemical system with the device, we also monitor the expression of an intracellular protein (here, BRAFV600E) under drug treatment. Finally, we perform a longitudinal study with 15 samples from five different melanoma patients who underwent therapy. We find that the average expression of receptor proteins in a patient fails to determine the therapy response particularly when the disease progresses. However, single CTC analysis with our device shows a high level of intercellular heterogeneity in the receptor expression profiles of patient-derived CTCs and identifies heterogeneity within CTCs. More importantly, we find that a fraction of CTCs still shows a high expression of these receptor proteins during and after therapy, indicating the presence of resistant CTCs which may evolve after a certain time and progress the disease. We believe this automated assay will have high clinical importance in disease diagnosis and monitoring treatment and will significantly advance the understanding of cancer heterogeneity on the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamil Reza
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shuvashis Dey
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andreas Behren
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Fiach Antaw
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Abu Ali Ibn Sina
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Bldg 75), Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Said B, Charlie L, Getachew E, Wanjiru CL, Abebe M, Manyazewal T. Molecular bacterial load assay versus culture for monitoring treatment response in adults with tuberculosis. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211033470. [PMID: 34349999 PMCID: PMC8287413 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211033470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of rapid, sensitive, and deployable tuberculosis diagnostic tools is
hampering the early diagnosis of tuberculosis and early detection of treatment
failures. The conventional sputum smear microscopy or Xpert MTB/RIF assay cannot
distinguish between alive and dead bacilli and the culture method delays
providing results. Tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay is a reverse
transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction that quantifies
viable tuberculosis bacillary load as a marker of treatment response for
patients on anti-tuberculosis therapy. However, results are not synthesized
enough to inform its comparative advantage to tuberculosis culture technique
which is yet the gold standard of care. With this review, we searched electronic
databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, from March 2011 up to
February 2021 for clinical trials or prospective cohort studies that compared
tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay with tuberculosis culture in adults.
We included eight studies that meet the inclusion criteria. Tuberculosis
molecular bacterial load assay surpasses culture in monitoring patients with
tuberculosis during the first few weeks of anti-tuberculosis treatment. It is
more desirable over culture for its shorter time to results, almost zero rates
of contamination, need for less expertise on the method, early rate of decline,
lower running cost, and reproducibility. Its rapid and specific tuberculosis
treatment monitoring competency benefits patients and healthcare providers to
monitor changes of bacillary load among isolates with drug-susceptible or
resistance to anti-tuberculosis regimens. Despite of the high installing cost of
the tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay method, molecular expertise, and
a well-equipped laboratory, tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay is a
cost-effective method with comparison to culture in operational running. To
achieve maximum utility in high tuberculosis burden settings, an intensive
initial investment in nucleic acid extraction and polymerase chain reaction
equipment, training in procedures, and streamlining laboratory supply
procurement systems are crucial. More evidence is needed to demonstrate the
potential large-scale and sustainable use of tuberculosis molecular bacterial
load assay over culture in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibie Said
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Kibong'oto National Tuberculosis Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Loveness Charlie
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Emnet Getachew
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Catherine Lydiah Wanjiru
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mekdelawit Abebe
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,St. Peter Tuberculosis Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Manyazewal
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Kahana-Edwin S, Cain LE, McCowage G, Darmanian A, Wright D, Mullins A, Saletta F, Karpelowsky J. Neuroblastoma Molecular Risk-Stratification of DNA Copy Number and ALK Genotyping via Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3365. [PMID: 34282791 PMCID: PMC8267662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYCN amplification (MNA), segmental chromosomal aberrations (SCA) and ALK activating mutations are biomarkers for risk-group stratification and for targeted therapeutics for neuroblastoma, both of which are currently assessed on tissue biopsy. Increase in demand for tumor genetic testing for neuroblastoma diagnosis is posing a challenge to current practice, as the small size of the core needle biopsies obtained are required for multiple molecular tests. We evaluated the utility of detecting these biomarkers in the circulation. METHODS Various pre-analytical conditions tested to optimize circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) copy number changes evaluations. Plasma samples from 10 patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma assessed for SCA and MNA using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array approach currently used for neuroblastoma diagnosis, with MNA status assessed independently using digital-droplet PCR (ddPCR). Three patients (one in common with the previous 10) tested for ALK activating mutations p.F1174L and p.F1245I using ddPCR. RESULTS Copy number detection is highly affected by physical perturbations of the blood sample (mimicking suboptimal sample shipment), which could be overcome using specialized preservative collection tubes. Pre-analytical DNA repair procedures on ctDNA before SNP chromosome microarray processing improved the lower limit of detection for SCA and MNA, defined as 20% and 10%, respectively. We detected SCA in 10/10 (100%) patients using SNP array, 7 of which also presented MNA. Circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) and matched tumor DNA profiles were generally identical. MNA was detected using ddPCR in 7/7 (100%) of MNA and 0/12 (0%) non-MNA cases. MNA and ALK mutation dynamic change was assessed in longitudinal samples from 4 and 3 patients (one patient with both), respectively, accurately reflected response to treatment in 6/6 (100%) and disease recurrence in 5/6 (83%) of cases. Samples taken prior to targeted treatment with the ALK inhibitor Lorlatinib and 6-8 weeks on treatment showed reduction/increase in ALK variants according to response to treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the feasibility of ctDNA profiling for molecular risk-stratification, and treatment monitoring in a clinically relevant time frame and the potential to reduce fresh tissue requirements currently embedded in the management of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smadar Kahana-Edwin
- Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Lucy E. Cain
- Cancer Centre for Children, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (L.E.C.); (G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Geoffrey McCowage
- Cancer Centre for Children, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (L.E.C.); (G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Artur Darmanian
- Cytogenetics Department, Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (A.D.); (D.W.)
| | - Dale Wright
- Cytogenetics Department, Sydney Genome Diagnostics, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (A.D.); (D.W.)
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Anna Mullins
- Cancer Centre for Children, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (L.E.C.); (G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Saletta
- Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jonathan Karpelowsky
- Advanced Molecular Diagnostics, Children’s Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (F.S.); (J.K.)
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Paediatric Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
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Berger CA, Alipanah N, Kheir F, Ruminjo JK, Nahid P, Thomson C. Summary for Clinicians: 2019 Clinical Practice Guideline Summary for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2020; 17:911-7. [PMID: 32464069 DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202004-318CME] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Berger M, Thueringer A, Franz D, Dandachi N, Talakić E, Richtig G, Richtig E, Rohrer PM, Koch L, Wolf IH, Koch C, Rainer BM, Koeller M, Pichler M, Gerritsmann H, Kashofer K, Aigelsreiter A. Circulating Tumor DNA as a Marker for Treatment Response in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Using Next-Generation Sequencing-A Prospective Feasibility Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123101. [PMID: 34205831 PMCID: PMC8233754 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the improvement of the prognosis of metastatic melanoma patients through the implementation of targeted and immunotherapies, there is a need to identify biomarkers to predict and monitor treatment response. Therefore, we performed sequencing of paired melanoma tissue biopsies and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from 149 plasma samples using two custom next-generation sequencing (NGS) AmpliSeq™ HD panels to determine the level of concordance. We aimed to evaluate whether ctDNA analysis with NGS could predict and monitor treatment response in a cohort of metastatic melanoma patients; NGS allowed for a comprehensive analysis of cancer-associated mutations in serial plasma samples with high sensitivity. Although a trend could be seen that mutant allele frequency levels over time correlated with or even preceded radiological response to treatment, this finding was not statistically significant in our cohort. Our study demonstrates that NGS gene panels might be useful for treatment monitoring with ctDNA in melanoma patients. Abstract We prospectively performed a longitudinal analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from 149 plasma samples and CT scans in Stage III and IV metastatic melanoma patients (n = 20) treated with targeted agents or immunotherapy using two custom next-generation sequencing (NGS) Ion AmpliSeq™ HD panels including 60 and 81 amplicons in 18 genes, respectively. Concordance of matching cancer-associated mutations in tissue and plasma was 73.3%. Mutant allele frequency (MAF) levels showed a range from 0.04% to 28.7%, well detectable with NGS technologies utilizing single molecule tagging like the AmpliSeq™ HD workflow. Median followup time of the tissue and/or plasma positive cohort (n = 15) was 24.6 months and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.8 months. Higher MAF ≥ 1% at baseline was not significantly associated with a risk of progression (Odds Ratio = 0.15; p = 0.155). Although a trend could be seen, MAF levels did not differ significantly over time between patients with and without a PFS event (p = 0.745). Depending on the cell-free DNA amount, NGS achieved a sensitivity down to 0.1% MAF and allowed for parallel analysis of multiple mutations and previously unknown mutations. Our study indicates that NGS gene panels could be useful for monitoring disease burden during therapy with ctDNA in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Berger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Andrea Thueringer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.T.); (D.F.)
| | - Doritt Franz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.T.); (D.F.)
| | - Nadia Dandachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (N.D.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Emina Talakić
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Georg Richtig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (N.D.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Erika Richtig
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Peter Michael Rohrer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Lukas Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Ingrid Hildegard Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Catharina Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Barbara Margaretha Rainer
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.B.); (E.R.); (P.M.R.); (L.K.); (I.H.W.); (C.K.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Maximilian Koeller
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (N.D.); (G.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Hanno Gerritsmann
- Medical Affairs Oncology, Novartis Pharma GmbH, 1020 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.T.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Ariane Aigelsreiter
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.T.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (A.A.)
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Schmidt M, Antke C, Mattes-György K, Hautzel H, Allelein S, Haase M, Dringenberg T, Schott M, Ehlers M. Radioiodine therapy reduces the frequency of circulating tumour cells in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 94:1004-1011. [PMID: 33484159 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was the quantification of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients before and 6 weeks after radioiodine therapy (RIT). CONTEXT Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) were described more recently in cancer patients, mostly correlating with poor outcome and advanced metastases. DESIGN Peripheral blood for identification and quantification of CTC before RIT or/and 6 weeks after RIT was provided by 55 DTC patients that received RIT for remnant tissue ablation. PATIENTS 13 follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) patients, 31 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients and 11 patients having the follicular variant PTC (FV-PTC) were included. MEASUREMENTS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and EpCAM-positive CTCs were counted by immune fluorescent staining. RESULTS A CTC positivity of 31.8% before RIT could be observed. Six weeks after RIT, the CTC positivity was reduced to 13.6%. Paired data at both time points of blood sampling could be gathered for n = 33 DTC patients. These patients had significantly higher CTC numbers before RIT than 6 weeks afterwards (0.27 ± 0.47 vs 0.05 ± 0.15, P = .0215). Additionally, significantly reduced CTC numbers were also demonstrated in pre-RIT CTC-positive patients (0.88 ± 0.43 vs 0.05 ± 0.16, P = .0039). CONCLUSION Our results indicate a reducing effect on the number of CTCs by RIT. Therefore, CTC enumeration should be considered as efficient tool for treatment monitoring during RIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schmidt
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Antke
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Hubertus Hautzel
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Allelein
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Haase
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Till Dringenberg
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Schott
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Margret Ehlers
- Division for Specific Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Lenaerts L, Che H, Brison N, Neofytou M, Jatsenko T, Lefrère H, Maggen C, Villela D, Verheecke M, Dehaspe L, Croitor A, Hatse S, Wildiers H, Neven P, Vandecaveye V, Floris G, Vermeesch JR, Amant F. Breast Cancer Detection and Treatment Monitoring Using a Noninvasive Prenatal Testing Platform: Utility in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Populations. Clin Chem 2021; 66:1414-1423. [PMID: 33141904 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous publications have reported the incidental detection of occult malignancies upon routine noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT). However, these studies were not designed to evaluate the NIPT performance for cancer detection. METHODS We investigated the sensitivity of a genome-wide NIPT pipeline, called GIPSeq, for detecting cancer-specific copy number alterations (CNAs) in plasma tumor DNA (ctDNA) of patients with breast cancer. To assess whether a pregnancy itself, with fetal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the maternal circulation, might influence the detection of ctDNA, results were compared in pregnant (n = 25) and nonpregnant (n = 25) cancer patients. Furthermore, the ability of GIPSeq to monitor treatment response was assessed. RESULTS Overall GIPSeq sensitivity for detecting cancer-specific CNAs in plasma cfDNA was 26%. Fifteen percent of detected cases were asymptomatic at the time of blood sampling. GIPSeq sensitivity mainly depended on the tumor stage. Also, triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) were more frequently identified compared to hormone-positive or HER2-enriched tumors. This might be due to the presence of high-level gains and losses of cfDNA or high ctDNA loads in plasma of TNBC. Although higher GIPSeq sensitivity was noted in pregnant (36%) than in nonpregnant women (16%), the limited sample size prohibits a definite conclusion. Finally, GIPSeq profiling of cfDNA during therapy allowed monitoring of early treatment response. CONCLUSIONS The results underscore the potential of NIPT-based tests, analyzing CNAs in plasma cfDNA in a genome-wide and unbiased fashion for breast cancer detection, cancer subtyping and treatment monitoring in a pregnant and nonpregnant target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Lenaerts
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Huiwen Che
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Brison
- Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Neofytou
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Molecular and Computational Diagnostics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tatjana Jatsenko
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Lefrère
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Maggen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Darine Villela
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magali Verheecke
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, General Hospital Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium
| | - Luc Dehaspe
- Genomics Core Facility, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anca Croitor
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Unit of Biomedical MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Vandecaveye
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Unit of Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Unit of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Robert Vermeesch
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Genomics Core Facility, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam-University of Amsterdam and The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Rostami A, Lambie M, Yu CW, Stambolic V, Waldron JN, Bratman SV. Senescence, Necrosis, and Apoptosis Govern Circulating Cell-free DNA Release Kinetics. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107830. [PMID: 32610131 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) release may provide a real-time assessment of induced cell death. However, there is a limited understanding of the underlying biological rationale for cfDNA release following distinct treatments and cell death mechanisms. Here, we uncover a complex interplay between apoptosis, necrosis, and senescence in determining cfDNA release kinetics. Utilizing multiple in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, we show how cfDNA release is modulated through a combination of apoptotic and senescent triggers and inhibitors. Interestingly, we identify treatment-induced senescence as a previously unrecognized determinant of cfDNA kinetics that can counteract its release. Necrosis is the predominant cell death mechanism that consistently contributes to cfDNA release in response to ionizing radiation, and, surprisingly, apoptosis plays a comparatively minor role in some tumors. Based on our results, we propose a model to explain cfDNA release from cells over time, with important implications for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Rostami
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Meghan Lambie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Caberry W Yu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Vuk Stambolic
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - John N Waldron
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Scott V Bratman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada.
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