1
|
Zheng J, An Y, Du Y, Song Y, Zhao Q, Lu Y. Effects of short-chain fatty acids on blood glucose and lipid levels in mouse models of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107041. [PMID: 38128856 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main metabolites of gut microbiota, have been associated with lower blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic mice. However, a comprehensive summary and comparison of the effects of different SCFA interventions on blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic mice is currently unavailable. This study aims to compare and rank the effects of different types of SCFAs on blood glucose and lipid levels by collecting relevant animal research. A systematic search through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science database was conducted to identify relevant studies from inception to March 17, 2023. Both pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis were used for statistical analyses. In total, 18 relevant studies involving 5 interventions were included after screening 3793 citations and 53 full-text articles. Notably, butyrate therapy (mean difference [MD] = -4.52, 95% confidence interval [-6.29, -2.75]), acetate therapy (MD = -3.12, 95% confidence interval [-5.79, -0.46]), and propionate therapy (MD = -2.96, 95% confidence interval [-5.66, -0.26]) significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose levels compared to the control group; butyrate therapy was probably the most effective intervention, with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value of 85.5%. Additionally, acetate plus propionate therapy was probably the most effective intervention for reducing total cholesterol (SUCRA = 85.8%) or triglyceride levels (SUCRA = 88.1%). These findings underscore the potential therapeutic implications of SCFAs for addressing metabolic disorders, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yage Du
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Song
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Shanxi Provincial People's hospital, 29th Shuangta Temple Street, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
D'Alessio DA, Marks V. Glucagon as the First Incretin: Objects (in the Rearview Mirror) Are Closer Than They Appear. Diabetes 2023; 72:1739-1740. [PMID: 37983526 DOI: 10.2337/dbi26-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David A D'Alessio
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Vincent Marks
- Postgraduate Medical School, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharifi-Zahabi E, Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F, Nachvak SM, Mirzaian S, Darbandi S, Shidfar F. A comprehensive insight into the molecular effect of theobromine on cardiovascular-related risk factors: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3765-3779. [PMID: 37309834 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Theobromine may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to find molecular effects of theobromine on lipid profile, glycemic status, inflammatory factors, and vascular function through a comprehensive assessment of all in vitro and in vivo studies. The search process was started at 18 July 2022. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to find all articles published up to 18 July 2022. Nineteen studies were included in this study. In vitro studies showed the improving effects of theobromine on inflammatory markers. Of four animal studies assessing the effect of theobromine on inflammatory markers, two reported favorable effects. Among five animal studies assessing the effects of theobromine on lipid profile, three reported improving effects on either triglyceride, total cholesterol, low- or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Of the three human studies, two revealed that theobromine had improving effects on lipid profile. A favorable effect of theobromine on augmentation index was also reported in two RCTs. The results for other outcomes were inconclusive. Theobromine may have favorable effects on inflammatory factors, lipid profile, and vascular function markers. However, studies with a longer duration and lower, dietary-relevant doses are required for future confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soheila Mirzaian
- Department of Food and Human Nutrition Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sahar Darbandi
- Imam Khomeini comprehensive health center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of nutrition, School of public health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rakhat Y, Wang L, Han W, Rustemova A, Kulzhanova N, Yamada Y, Yabe D, Seino Y, Yada T. Oral Semaglutide under Human Protocols and Doses Regulates Food Intake, Body Weight, and Glycemia in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3765. [PMID: 37686797 PMCID: PMC10489807 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The first oral form of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, oral semaglutide, has recently been launched and potently controls glycemia and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes. This drug carries the absorption enhancer and requires specific protocols of administration. The mechanism of action of oral semaglutide is not fully understood, for which an appropriate experimental model is required. This study explores the metabolic effects of oral semaglutide in mice under human protocols and doses. Oral semaglutide was bolus and once daily injected into high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice under human protocols, followed by monitoring blood glucose, food intake, and body weight. Oral semaglutide 0.23 mg/kg, a comparable human dose (14 mg) in a small volume of water under human protocols rapidly decreased blood glucose and food intake and continuously reduced food intake and weight gain for 3 days in DIO mice. At 0.7 mg/kg (42 mg), this drug was somewhat more potent. Oral semaglutide with human protocols and doses rapidly reduces blood glucose and food intake and continuously suppresses feeding and weight in DIO mice. This study establishes mice as a model suitable for analyzing the mechanism of anti-obesity/diabetes actions of oral semaglutide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yermek Rakhat
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Wanxin Han
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Aktolkyn Rustemova
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Nazymgul Kulzhanova
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka 553-0003, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yada
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kyoto 604-8436, Japan; (Y.R.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ding F, Wang Q, Xie C, Wang M, Zhang L, Gao M, Yang Z, Ma J, Shi X, Chen W, Duan S, Yuan P, Li Y, Ma X, Wu Y, Liu J, Feng X, Cheng Q, Wang Z, Li X, Huang J. The impact of mulberry leaf extract at three different levels on reducing the glycemic index of white bread. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288911. [PMID: 37561734 PMCID: PMC10414662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influences of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) addition on the physicochemical properties including the specific volume, texture and sensory features of white bread (WB) were evaluated by the sensory analysis technology. A double-blind, randomised, repeat-measure design was used to study the impact of MLE addition on the postprandial blood glucose response as well as the satiety index of WB. Results showed that the addition of MLE showed no significant effects on the physicochemical properties of WB except for the slight changes of color and bitterness. The addition of MLE significantly reduced the total blood glucose rise after ingestion of WB over 120 minutes, and reduced the GI value of WB in a dose-effect relationship. When the concentration of MLE reached 1.5 g per 100 g available carbohydrate, the GI value of WB could be reduced from 77 to 43. This study provides important information in terms of the appropriateness of MLE when added to more complex real food, the dose-dependent relationship could supply a reference for the application of MLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Ding
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Gao
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongling Yang
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianrui Ma
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenglin Duan
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Li
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xishan Ma
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimin Wu
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing key laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingli Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zichun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingmei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McVean J, Forlenza GP, Beck RW, Bauza C, Bailey R, Buckingham B, DiMeglio LA, Sherr JL, Clements M, Neyman A, Evans-Molina C, Sims EK, Messer LH, Ekhlaspour L, McDonough R, Van Name M, Rojas D, Beasley S, DuBose S, Kollman C, Moran A. Effect of Tight Glycemic Control on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2023; 329:980-989. [PMID: 36826834 PMCID: PMC9960023 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Importance Near normalization of glucose levels instituted immediately after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has been postulated to preserve pancreatic beta cell function by reducing glucotoxicity. Previous studies have been hampered by an inability to achieve tight glycemic goals. Objective To determine the effectiveness of intensive diabetes management to achieve near normalization of glucose levels on preservation of pancreatic beta cell function in youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted at 6 centers in the US (randomizations from July 20, 2020, to October 13, 2021; follow-up completed September 15, 2022) and included youths with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes aged 7 to 17 years. Interventions Random assignment to intensive diabetes management, which included use of an automated insulin delivery system (n = 61), or standard care, which included use of a continuous glucose monitor (n = 52), as part of a factorial design in which participants weighing 30 kg or more also were assigned to receive either oral verapamil or placebo. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was mixed-meal tolerance test-stimulated C-peptide area under the curve (a measure of pancreatic beta cell function) 52 weeks from diagnosis. Results Among 113 participants (mean [SD] age, 11.8 [2.8] years; 49 females [43%]; mean [SD] time from diagnosis to randomization, 24 [5] days), 108 (96%) completed the trial. The mean C-peptide area under the curve decreased from 0.57 pmol/mL at baseline to 0.45 pmol/mL at 52 weeks in the intensive management group, and from 0.60 to 0.50 pmol/mL in the standard care group (treatment group difference, -0.01 [95% CI, -0.11 to 0.10]; P = .89). The mean time in the target range of 70 to 180 mg/dL, measured with continuous glucose monitoring, at 52 weeks was 78% in the intensive management group vs 64% in the standard care group (adjusted difference, 16% [95% CI, 10% to 22%]). One severe hypoglycemia event and 1 diabetic ketoacidosis event occurred in each group. Conclusions and Relevance In youths with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, intensive diabetes management, which included automated insulin delivery, achieved excellent glucose control but did not affect the decline in pancreatic C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04233034.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McVean
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- now with Medtronic, Northridge, California
| | - Gregory P Forlenza
- Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver
| | - Roy W Beck
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Ryan Bailey
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Neyman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | | | - Emily K Sims
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Laurel H Messer
- Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver
- now with Tandem Diabetes Care, San Diego, California
| | - Laya Ekhlaspour
- Stanford University, Stanford, California
- now with University of California, San Francisco
| | | | | | - Diana Rojas
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Stephanie DuBose
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida
- now with Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duggan BM, Marko DM, Muzaffar R, Chan DY, Schertzer JD. Kinase inhibitors for cancer alter metabolism, blood glucose, and insulin. J Endocrinol 2023; 256:e220212. [PMID: 36476560 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) are a class of therapeutic drugs that target protein kinases in diseases such as cancer. SMKIs are often designed to inhibit kinases involved in cell proliferation, but these drugs alter cell metabolism and the endocrine control of organismal metabolism. SMKI treatment in diabetic cancer patients reveals that certain SMKIs improve blood glucose levels and can mitigate insulin dependence or diabetic medication requirements in both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Certain SMKIs can preserve functional β-cell mass and increase insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity. It is not yet clear why different SMKIs can have opposing effects on insulin and blood glucose. Understanding the therapeutic effects of these drugs in T1D and T2D is complicated by overlapping off-target effects of SMKIs. The potency of inhibition of the intended protein kinase and inhibition of multiple off-target kinases may underpin conflicting reports of how certain SMKIs alter blood glucose and insulin. We summarize the effects of SMKIs on the intended and off-target kinases that can alter blood glucose and insulin, including c-Abl, c-Kit, EGFR, and VEGF. Inhibition of PDGFRβ consistently lowers blood glucose in T1D and T2D. The effects of SMKIs on the kinases that regulate immune pathways, such as BTK and RIPKs, mediate many of the diverse effects of these drugs on metabolism. We highlight that inhibition of RIPK2 by SMKIs is a central node in metabolism that influences key metabolic pathways including lipolysis, blood glucose control, insulin secretion, and insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Duggan
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, and Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel M Marko
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, and Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raveen Muzaffar
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, and Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darryl Y Chan
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, and Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Schertzer
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, and Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang B, Cai Z, Yao H, Jiao S, Chen S, Yang Z, Huang W, Ren Q, Cao Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Li Z. Discovery of a structurally novel, potent, and once-weekly free fatty acid receptor 1 agonist for the treatment of diabetes. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 245:114883. [PMID: 36343410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a lifelong disease that requires long-term medication to control glucose levels, and thereby long-acting drug has been clinically needed for improving medical adherence. The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) was considered as a promising target for several diseases, such as T2DM, pain and fatty liver. However, no once-weekly FFA1 agonist has been reported until now. Herein, we report the successful discovery of ZLY50, the first once-weekly FFA1 agonist with a completely new chemotype, highly agonistic activity and selectivity on FFA1. Moreover, ZLY50 has enough brain exposure to activate FFA1 in brain, and it is the first orally available FFA1 agonist with analgesic activity. Notably, the long-term anti-diabetic and anti-fatty liver effects of ZLY50 (once-weekly) were better than those of HWL-088 (once-daily), a highly potent FFA1 agonist with far stronger glucose-lowering effect than Phase 3 clinical candidate TAK-875. Further mechanism studies suggested that ZLY50 alleviates fatty liver by regulating the expressions of genes related to lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zongyu Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Huixin Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shixuan Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Siliang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qiang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ya Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Morikawa T. Pharmaceutical Food Science: Search for Bio-Functional Molecules Obtained from Natural Resources to Prevent and Ameliorate Lifestyle Diseases. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:756-765. [PMID: 37779077 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In this review, our resent pharmaceutical food science research for bio-functional molecules obtained from natural resources that contribute to i) suppression of postprandial blood glucose elevation and/or improvement of glucose tolerance and ii) reduction of visceral fat accumulation and improvement of lipid metabolism were summarized. Based on studies using MONOTORI science, salacinol (1), neokotalanol (4), and trans-tiliroside (20) have been approved or notified by the Consumer Affairs Agency in Japan as functional substances in food with health claims, Food for Specified Health Use and Food with Functional Claims.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
ALTamimi JZ, Alshammari GM, AlFaris NA, Alagal RI, Aljabryn DH, Albekairi NA, Alkhateeb MA, Yahya MA. Ellagic acid protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in streptozotocin-diabetic rats by activating AMPK. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:25-37. [PMID: 34870551 PMCID: PMC8654409 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1990969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ellagic acid (EA) is used in traditional medicine to treated hyperlipidaemia. OBJECTIVE This study examined if AMPK mediates the anti-steatotic effect of ellagic acid (EA) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats (130 ± 10 g) were divided into 6 groups (n = 8 rats/group) as control, control + EA, control + EA + CC an AMPK inhibitor), T1DM, T1DM + EA, and T1DM + EA + CC. The treatments with EA (50 mg/kg/orally) and CC (200 ng/rat/i.p.) were given the desired groups for 12 weeks, daily. RESULTS In T1DM-rats, EA reduced fasting glucose levels (44.8%), increased fasting insulin levels (92.8%), prevented hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreased hepatic and serum levels of total triglycerides (54% & 61%), cholesterol (57% & 48%), and free fatty acids (40% & 37%). It also reduced hepatic levels of ROS (62%), MDA (52%), TNF-α (62%), and IL-6 (57.2%) and the nuclear activity of NF-κB p65 (54%) but increased the nuclear activity of Nrf-2 (4-fold) and levels of GSH (107%) and SOD (87%). Besides, EA reduced downregulated SREBP1 (35%), SREBP2 (34%), ACC-1 (36%), FAS (38%), and HMG-CoAR (49%) but stimulated mRNA levels of PPARα (1.7-fold) and CPT1a (1.8-fold), CPT1b (2.9-fold), and p-AMPK (4-fold). All these events were prevented by the co-administration of CC. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings encourage the use of EA to treat hepatic disorders, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Further in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to validate its potential in clinical medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. ALTamimi
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal H. Aljabryn
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Ahmad Alkhateeb
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu W, Peng R, Chen S, Wu C, Wang X, Yu T, Jian J, Zhang N, Zuo S, Chen M, Guo B, Liu L. Ranunculus ternatus Thunb extract attenuates renal fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting SMYD2. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:300-307. [PMID: 35142600 PMCID: PMC8843125 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2030759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ranunculus ternatus Thunb (Ranunculaceae), (RTT) is used clinically for the treatment of tuberculosis or as tumour adjuvant therapy, but its potential effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of RTT extract in renal fibrosis of DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12). Diabetes mellitus (DM) mice were induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg/day) for five consecutive days and treated by RTT extract (2 g/kg). Afterward, blood glucose, HE and Masson staining were assayed. The expression levels of Vimentin, ɑ-SMA, TNF-ɑ, NF-κB p-p65, NF-κB p65, SMYD2, H3K36me3, H3K4me3 were determined by western blots. Firbronectin was respectively assayed by western blot and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS RTT extract significantly ameliorated renal injury and renal fibrosis in the renal tissue of STZ-induced diabetic mice as demonstrated by the decreased expression level of Fibronectin (65%), Vimentin and α-SMA (75% & 53%). In addition, the levels of TNF-α (57%), NF-κB p-p65 and NF-κB p65 (35% & 25%) were elevated in the DN mice. Importantly, these were alleviated after RTT extract treatment. Moreover, we observed that the protein levels of SMYD2 (30%), H3K36me3 and H3K4me3 (53% & 75%) were reduced in DN mice after treatment with RTT extract. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS RTT extract mediates antifibrotic effects and anti-inflammatory responses in STZ-induced DN mainly through suppressing SMYD2 activation and H3K36me3 and H3K4me3 protein expression. RTT extract might have therapeutic potential against high glucose-induced nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Congcong Wu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiuying Jian
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Siyang Zuo
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Chen
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Laboratory of Pathogenesis Research, Drug Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Clinical Hematology, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mao Z, Liu S, Yu T, Su J, Chai K, Weng S. Yunpi Heluo decoction reduces ectopic deposition of lipids by regulating the SIRT1-FoxO1 autophagy pathway in diabetic rats. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:579-588. [PMID: 35244516 PMCID: PMC8916783 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2042567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Yunpi Heluo (YPHL) decoction is a Chinese herbal formula with particular advantages for treating type 2 diabetes. Yet, its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To examine the therapeutic effect of YPHL on ectopic lipid deposition (EDL) in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ZDF Rats were randomized into five groups, including model, YPHL (200 mg/kg/d for 10 weeks), SIRT1-overexpression (injected with HBAAV2/9-r-SIRT1-3'-flag-GFP), NC (injected with HBAAV2/9-CMV-GFP as blank control) and control group. Pancreatic β-cells obtained from high-lipid-high-glucose fed rats were treated with YPHL (10 mg/mL) for 48 h. Lipid deposition and autophagosomes were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Intracellular H2O2 and ROS concentrations were measured by flow cytometry. SIRT1, FOXO1, LC3 and P62 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blots. RESULTS Compared with the model group, blood glucose levels in YPHL and si-SIRT1 groups were reduced by 19.3% and 27.9%, respectively. In high-lipid-high-glucose cells treated with YPHL, lipid droplets were reduced and decrease in apoptosis rate (38.6%), H2O2 (31.2%) and ROS (44.5%) levels were observed. After YPHL intervention or SIRT1 overexpression, LC3 and p62 expression increased. Protein expression of SIRT1 and LC3 in model, si-SIRT1, si-NC and si-SIRT1 + YPHL groups was lower than those in control group, while FoxO1 expression was increased. All of these protein level alterations were reversed in the si-NC + YPHL group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS YPHL reduced EDL by regulating the SIRT1-FoxO1 autophagy pathway in diabetic rats, which could lead to future perspectives for the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefu Chai
- College of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Siying Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM, Affliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
CONTEXT As a major active iridoid glycoside from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Rubiaceae), geniposide possesses various pharmacological activities, including anti-platelet aggregation and anti-inflammatory action. OBJECTIVES This study explores the effect of geniposide in diabetic wound model by anti-inflammatory action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetic rodent model in Wistar rats was induced by streptozotocin combined with high-fat feed. The selected rats were divided into control group, the diabetic model group and geniposide subgroups (200, 400 and 500 mg/kg), and orally administrated once daily with saline or geniposide. Wound area and histochemical indicators were measured on day 7 after continuous administration, to assess lesion retraction, inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. RESULTS Geniposide notably enhanced lesion retraction by 1.06-1.84 times on day 7 after surgical onset in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). In the pathological experiment by HE staining, geniposide significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and proliferation of fibroblasts in the central lesion regions. In diabetic rats treated with geniposide, the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β)) and IL-6 were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), followed with the increment of IL-10 in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 of geniposide on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 could be calculated as 1.36, 1.02 and 1.23 g/kg, respectively. It assumed that geniposide-induced IL-10 expression contributed to inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Geniposide promoted diabetic wound healing by anti-inflammation and adjusting blood glucose. Further topical studies are required to evaluate effects on antibacterial activity and skin regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-yan Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, China
- CONTACT Xiao-yan Chen School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang330098, China
| | - Wen-wen Jiang
- School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-ling Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhao-xia Ma
- School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian-qiang Dai
- School of Medicine, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Møller A, Martinussen C, Gluud LL, Rashu EB, Richter MM, Plomgaard P, Goetze JP, Kjeldsen S, Hansen LH, Gustafsson F, Deacon CF, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Bojsen‐Møller KN. Acute effects on glucose tolerance by neprilysin inhibition in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:2017-2026. [PMID: 35676803 PMCID: PMC9545540 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sacubitril/valsartan is a neprilysin-inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker used for the treatment of heart failure. Recently, a post-hoc analysis of a 3-year randomized controlled trial showed improved glycaemic control with sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes. We previously reported that sacubitril/valsartan combined with a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor increases active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in healthy individuals. We now hypothesized that administration of sacubitril/valsartan with or without a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor would lower postprandial glucose concentrations (primary outcome) in patients with type 2 diabetes via increased active GLP-1. METHODS We performed a crossover trial in 12 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. A mixed meal was ingested following five respective interventions: (a) a single dose of sacubitril/valsartan; (b) sitagliptin; (c) sacubitril/valsartan + sitagliptin; (d) control (no treatment); and (e) valsartan alone. Glucose, gut and pancreatic hormone responses were measured. RESULTS Postprandial plasma glucose increased by 57% (incremental area under the curve 0-240 min) (p = .0003) and increased peak plasma glucose by 1.7 mM (95% CI: 0.6-2.9) (p = .003) after sacubitril/valsartan compared with control, whereas postprandial glucose levels did not change significantly after sacubitril/valsartan + sitagliptin. Glucagon, GLP-1 and C-peptide concentrations increased after sacubitril/valsartan, but insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide did not change. CONCLUSIONS The glucose-lowering effects of long-term sacubitril/valsartan treatment reported in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes may not depend on changes in entero-pancreatic hormones. Neprilysin inhibition results in hyperglucagonaemia and this may explain the worsen glucose tolerance observed in this study. CLINICALTRIALS gov (NCT03893526).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Andreas Møller
- Department of EndocrinologyCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | | | - Lise L. Gluud
- Gastrounit, Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Elias B. Rashu
- Gastrounit, Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovreDenmark
| | - Michael M. Richter
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Peter Plomgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jens P. Goetze
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sasha Kjeldsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Lasse Holst Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Finn Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Heart CentreRigshospitalet, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Carolyn F. Deacon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - Jens J. Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kirstine N. Bojsen‐Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Neyestani TR, Nikooyeh B. A comprehensive overview on the effects of green tea on anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic and lipidemic status: An umbrella review and meta meta-analysis study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2026-2040. [PMID: 35750605 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this meta-review was to establish the effects of green tea (GT) intake on some cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric measures, blood pressure as well as blood glucose and lipids using evidence from previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses. DATA SYNTHESIS Articles were identified via searches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge database from the index date of each database through January 31, 2021. A total of 13 meta-analyses were finally included in the synthesis. Meta-meta-analysis revealed significant effects of GT on weight and waist circumference with weighted mean difference (WMD) of -0.89 (95% CI -1.43 to -0.34, p < 0.001) and -1.01 (95% CI -1.63 to -0.39, p < 0.001), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with WMDs of -1.17 (95% CI -2.18 to -0.16) and -1.24 (95% CI -2.07 to -0.4), respectively. There was similar effect on fasting blood glucose (WMD, -1.3, 95% CI -2.09 to -0.51, p < 0.001) but not on other glycemic indicators. The findings also revealed a significant effect size of total cholesterol and LDL-C (WMD -4.93; 95% CI -6.41 to -3.46, p < 0.001, WMD -4.31; 95% CI -6.55 to -2.07, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Regular consumption of GT and probably its bioactive constituents as supplements have beneficial effects on different health aspects including weight, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids. However, these effects might be influenced by several factors such as the amount and frequency of consumption, health/disease condition and life style including dietary habits and physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tirang R Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Nikooyeh
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arslanian SA, Hannon T, Zeitler P, Chao LC, Boucher-Berry C, Barrientos-Pérez M, Bismuth E, Dib S, Cho JI, Cox D. Once-Weekly Dulaglutide for the Treatment of Youths with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:433-443. [PMID: 35658022 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2204601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing among youths. Once-weekly treatment with dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, may have efficacy with regard to glycemic control in youths with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 26-week trial, we randomly assigned participants (10 to <18 years of age; body-mass index [BMI], >85th percentile) being treated with lifestyle modifications alone or with metformin, with or without basal insulin, in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive once-weekly subcutaneous injections of placebo, dulaglutide at a dose of 0.75 mg, or dulaglutide at a dose of 1.5 mg. Participants were then included in a 26-week open-label extension study in which those who had received placebo began receiving dulaglutide at a weekly dose of 0.75 mg. The primary end point was the change from baseline in the glycated hemoglobin level at 26 weeks. Secondary end points included a glycated hemoglobin level of less than 7.0% and changes from baseline in the fasting glucose concentration and BMI. Safety was also assessed. RESULTS A total of 154 participants underwent randomization. At 26 weeks, the mean glycated hemoglobin level had increased in the placebo group (0.6 percentage points) and had decreased in the dulaglutide groups (-0.6 percentage points in the 0.75-mg group and -0.9 percentage points in the 1.5-mg group, P<0.001 for both comparisons vs. placebo). At 26 weeks, a higher percentage of participants in the pooled dulaglutide groups than in the placebo group had a glycated hemoglobin level of less than 7.0% (51% vs. 14%, P<0.001). The fasting glucose concentration increased in the placebo group (17.1 mg per deciliter) and decreased in the pooled dulaglutide groups (-18.9 mg per deciliter, P<0.001), and there were no between-group differences in the change in BMI. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was higher with dulaglutide therapy than with placebo. The safety profile of dulaglutide was consistent with that reported in adults. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with dulaglutide at a once-weekly dose of 0.75 mg or 1.5 mg was superior to placebo in improving glycemic control through 26 weeks among youths with type 2 diabetes who were being treated with or without metformin or basal insulin, without an effect on BMI. (Funded by Eli Lilly; AWARD-PEDS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02963766.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silva A Arslanian
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Tamara Hannon
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Philip Zeitler
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Lily C Chao
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Claudia Boucher-Berry
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Margarita Barrientos-Pérez
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Elise Bismuth
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Sergio Dib
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - Jang Ik Cho
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| | - David Cox
- From the Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (S.A.A.); the Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children (T.H.), and Eli Lilly (J.I.C., D.C.) - both in Indianapolis; Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora (P.Z.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (L.C.C.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Chicago (C.B.-B.); the Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla City, Mexico (M.B.-P.); the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris (E.B.); and the Diabetes Center of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo (S.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Meng Q, Chepurny OG, Leech CA, Pruekprasert N, Molnar ME, Collier JJ, Cooney RN, Holz GG. The alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 engages the glucagon-like peptide-1 incretin hormone axis to lower levels of blood glucose in db/db mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1255-1266. [PMID: 35293666 PMCID: PMC9177741 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish if alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) agonist GTS-21 exerts a blood glucose-lowering action in db/db mice, and to test if this action requires coordinate α7nAChR and GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) stimulation by GTS-21 and endogenous GLP-1, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood glucose levels were measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using db/db mice administered intraperitoneal GTS-21. Plasma GLP-1, peptide tyrosine tyrosine 1-36 (PYY1-36), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon, and insulin levels were measured by ELISA. A GLP-1R-mediated action of GTS-21 that is secondary to α7nAChR stimulation was evaluated using α7nAChR and GLP-1R knockout (KO) mice, or by co-administration of GTS-21 with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, or the GLP-1R antagonist, exendin (9-39). Insulin sensitivity was assessed in an insulin tolerance test. RESULTS Single or multiple dose GTS-21 (0.5-8.0 mg/kg) acted in a dose-dependent manner to lower levels of blood glucose in the OGTT using 10-14 week-old male and female db/db mice. This action of GTS-21 was reproduced by the α7nAChR agonist, PNU-282987, was enhanced by sitagliptin, was counteracted by exendin (9-39), and was absent in α7nAChR and GLP-1R KO mice. Plasma GLP-1, PYY1-36, GIP, glucagon, and insulin levels increased in response to GTS-21, but insulin sensitivity, body weight, and food intake were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS α7nAChR agonists improve oral glucose tolerance in db/db mice. This action is contingent to coordinate α7nAChR and GLP-1R stimulation. Thus α7nAChR agonists administered in combination with sitagliptin might serve as a new treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Meng
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Oleg G. Chepurny
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Colin A. Leech
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Napat Pruekprasert
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Megan E. Molnar
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - J. Jason Collier
- Laboratory of Islet Biology and Inflammation, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Robert N. Cooney
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Co-corresponding Authors: Robert N. Cooney, M.D., Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Suite 8141, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA, Tel. +1 315-464-5549, Fax +1 315-464-6250, , George G. Holz, Ph.D., Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 505 Irving Avenue, IHP4310, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA, Tel. +1 315-464-9841,
| | - George G. Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Co-corresponding Authors: Robert N. Cooney, M.D., Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Suite 8141, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA, Tel. +1 315-464-5549, Fax +1 315-464-6250, , George G. Holz, Ph.D., Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 505 Irving Avenue, IHP4310, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA, Tel. +1 315-464-9841,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Seyydi SM, Tofighi A, Rahmati M, Tolouei Azar J. Exercise and Urtica Dioica extract ameliorate mitochondrial function and the expression of cardiac muscle Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Gene 2022; 822:146351. [PMID: 35189251 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus can affect and disrupt the levels of PGC1α and NRF2 proteins in the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. Considering the anti-diabetic properties of Urtica Dioica extract and exercise, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of Urtica Dioica extract and endurance activity on PGC1α and NRF2 protein levels in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat heart tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS 58 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (N = 12) including: healthy control (HC), diabetes control (DC), diabetes Urtica Dioica (D-UD), diabetes exercise training (DT), and diabetes exercise training Urtica Dioica (DT-UD). Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally by STZ (45 mg/kg) injection. Two weeks after the induction of diabetes, the rats were stimulated to carry out the exercise (moderate intensity/5day/week) and the gavage of UD extract (50 mg/kg/day) was administered to the rats for six weeks. In this study, the western blotting method was used to measure the levels of PGC1α and NRF2 proteins. Moreover, cardiography was used to evaluate the functional parameters of the heart (ejection fraction & fractional shortening). Finally, the bioluminescence and ELISA methods were used to determine the content of adenosine triphosphate and citrate synthase. RESULTS The cardiac function parameters, the mitochondrial ATP and the CS content in DC group mice were impaired in comparison with the other study groups and showed a decreasing trend (P < 0.001). The treatment with EX + UD extract was able to minimize the rate of these disorders and acted as a protector of mitochondrial function. There were significant differences in the expression levels of NRF2 (F = 17.7, P = 0.001) and PGC-1α (F = 43.7, P = 0.001) mitochondrial proteins among the different groups. The levels of these proteins were significantly reduced in the DC group in comparison with the HC group (P < 0.001). The treatment with EX or UD extract increased the expression of PGC-1α and NRF2 proteins in the heart muscle of animals in the DT and D-UD groups in comparison with the DC group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of these proteins was more pronounced in the DT-UD group. There was not a significant difference between the DT-UD group and the HC group regarding the expression of these proteins (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that treatment with EX and UD extract could treat the disorders which were caused by diabetes in the parameters of cardiac function. Moreover, it was able to improve the expression of the levels of proteins which were involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and its function. Finally, this kind of treatment could attract more attention to the roles of EX and UD extract in the prevention of cardiovascular complications in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyedeh Masoumeh Seyydi
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Asghar Tofighi
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Javad Tolouei Azar
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ren X, Xing Y, He L, Xiu Z, Yang L, Han A, Jia Q, Dong Y. Effect of 1-Deoxynojirimycin on insulin resistance in prediabetic mice based on next-generation sequencing and intestinal microbiota study. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 289:115029. [PMID: 35077826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), the major alkaloid in Morus alba L., is the main effective constituent in "Mulberry twig Alkaloids Tablets" launched in China in 2020. Prediabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, is regarded as the key period for reversing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through lifestyle intervention and glucose-lowering drugs. Besides the excellent activity as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, DNJ also improves insulin sensitivity in T2DM murine models, yet the mechanism is still unclear. Besides, the pharmaceutical effect of DNJ on prediabetes is also undocumented. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmaceutical effect of DNJ on high-fat and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced prediabetes mice, and to elucidate the mechanism of insulin resistance ameliorated by DNJ. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed to detect blood glucose level and insulin sensitivity in mice. The levels of circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the plasma of mice were measured by limulus reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and intestinal microbiota sequencing were used to screen the alterations in the transcriptome of liver tissues and to assess the differences in intestinal flora composition, respectively. Expression of cytokine signaling pathway inhibitor 3 (SOCS3), insulin receptor substrate (IRS1), p-IRS1 (Tyr896), occludin, and toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway were confirmed by western blotting. RESULTS Our study revealed that DNJ decreased the blood glucose level and improve insulin sensitivity in prediabetic mice. DNJ significantly reduced the relative risk of T2DM in prediabetic mice by approximately 83.7%. Mechanistically, DNJ treatment suppressed the circulating levels of LPS, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma and decreased the inflammatory infiltration in liver and colon tissues. DNJ-treatment increased the abundance of Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus, and decreased the abundance of Enterococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Moreover, DNJ suppressed the expression of SOCS3 and the activity of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, meanwhile improving the expression of occludin and the ratio of p-IRS1 (Tyr896)/IRS1. CONCLUSIONS DNJ effectively ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in prediabetic mice, and decreased the relative risk of progression into T2DM from prediabetes. The suppressed immune responses play essential roles in the improvement of insulin resistance by DNJ treatment. In conclusion, DNJ from Morus alba L. is a promising alternative agent in T2DM prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Ren
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| | - Yan Xing
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| | - Liangyu He
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China; Instrumental Analysis Center, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
| | - Aizhi Han
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
| | - Qinhua Jia
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
| | - Yuesheng Dong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang ML, Lu C, Fan ZF, Zhao TR, Cheng GG, Wang YD, Cao JX, Liu YP. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Epigynum auritum in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 288:114986. [PMID: 35032587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Epigynum auritum is mainly distributed in Southwest China, and has been used as a "dai" folk medicine with promising Besides, the leaves and barks of E. auritum have detoxifying, analgesic and relieving swelling effects. Previous studies evidenced that E. auritum was rich in pregnanes and their glycosides. However, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the extract from E. auritum (EAE) and its molecular mechanism are still not studied. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of EAE on high-fat diet and streptozocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The high-fat diet and streptozocin induced type 2 diabetic model was established. The diabetic rats were treated with 70% ethanol extract of E. auritum (100 and 300 mg/kg/d) or metformin (DMBG, 100 mg/kg/d) every day for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose was recorded weekly. The phenotypic changes were evaluated by the measurement of biochemical indexes and immunohistochemical. The expressions of signaling-related proteins were explored by western blotting. RESULTS EAE could effectively regulate the metabolism of glucose and lipids in diabetic rats by increasing insulin sensitivity. In addition, EAE ameliorated the oxidative stress damage and further mitigated the liver, kidney, and pancreatic damage. Mechanism research results show that EAE treatment increased the phosphorylation of Akt, AMPK and GSK-3β, up-regulated the expression of GLUT-2, GLUT-4 and PPAR-α, and reduced PPAR-γ and FAS expressions. CONCLUSION EAE exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced diabetes rats. The mechanism may be related to the effective upregulation of AMPK/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and the decreased expression of PPAR-γ and FAS. It could be a promising natural product with potential value for the development of drugs to prevent or treat type 2 diabetic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lian Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Teco, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Feng Fan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Rui Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Guang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Dan Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Xin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jódar E, Romera I, Wang Q, Roche SL, García‐Pérez L. Glycaemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with dulaglutide, with and without concomitant insulin: Post hoc analyses of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:631-640. [PMID: 34866291 PMCID: PMC9300025 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between treatment with dulaglutide and glycaemic variability (GV) in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS Post hoc analyses of six randomized, phase 3 studies were conducted to investigate the association between treatment with dulaglutide 1.5 mg once weekly and GV in adult patients with T2D. Using data from seven- and eight-point self-monitored plasma glucose (SMPG) profiles over up to 28 weeks of treatment, GV in within- and between-day SMPG, and between-day fasting glucose from SMPG (FSMPG) was assessed according to standard deviation and coefficient of variation. RESULTS Pooled data from five studies with dulaglutide as monotherapy or added to oral glucose-lowering medication, without concomitant insulin treatment, revealed clinically meaningful reductions in within- and between-day SMPG, and between-day FSMPG variability from baseline in the dulaglutide group. Comparisons between treatment groups in two studies demonstrated that reductions from baseline in within-day and between-day SMPG, and between-day FSMPG variability were greater for treatment with dulaglutide compared with insulin glargine, as well as for treatment with dulaglutide when added to insulin glargine compared with insulin glargine alone. CONCLUSIONS In patients with T2D, treatment with dulaglutide as monotherapy or added to oral glucose-lowering medication, without concomitant insulin treatment, was potentially associated with a reduction in GV. Treatment with dulaglutide was associated with a reduction in GV to a greater degree than insulin glargine. When added to insulin glargine, treatment with dulaglutide was associated with greater decreases in GV compared with insulin glargine alone. As reduced GV may be associated with better outcomes, these findings may have clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Jódar
- Hospital Universitario Quirón Madrid, Universidad EuropeaMadridSpain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang G, Zhao Z, Ren B, Yu W, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang L, Si D, Yang M. Exenatide exerts a neuroprotective effect against diabetic cognitive impairment in rats by inhibiting apoptosis: Role of the JNK/c‑JUN signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:111. [PMID: 35119079 PMCID: PMC8845025 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exenatide could reduce blood glucose and alleviate cognitive dysfunction induced by diabetes mellitus (DM). In the present study, a diabetic model was established in Sprague‑Dawley rats to further explore the mechanism of exenatide on diabetes‑induced cognitive impairment. Notably, the model rats performed poorly in the Morris water maze test and had more apoptotic neurons compared with the control rats. By contrast, exenatide attenuated cognitive impairment and inhibited neuronal apoptosis in the DM rat model. To explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of exenatide, western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, including cytochrome c (Cyt‑c), Caspase‑3, JNK and c‑JUN, in hippocampal tissue. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was also performed to measure the mRNA expression levels of Cyt‑c and Caspase‑3. After 16 weeks of treatment, exenatide treatment downregulated Cyt‑c, Caspase‑3, phosphorylated (p)‑JNK and p‑c‑JUN expression in the hippocampal tissue of diabetic rats. Moreover, Cyt‑c, Caspase‑3, JNK and JUN expression levels were detected following treatment with a specific inhibitor of JNK (SP600125). The results revealed that SP600125 had similar inhibitory effects on the JNK pathway and ERS‑related protein expression (Cyt‑t, Caspase‑3, p‑JNK and p‑c‑JUN). These results suggested that exenatide improved cognitive dysfunction in DM rats and that the underlying mechanism may be associated with inhibiting apoptosis by suppressing the activation of JNK/c‑JUN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gengyin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Zongquan Zhao
- General Practice, Pingjiang Xincheng Community Health Service Center, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
| | - Bo Ren
- Medical Experimental Center, Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Wu Yu
- School Hospital, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei 053010, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Daowen Si
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Meiliu Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei 053010, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu J, Jia RB, Luo D, Li ZR, Lin L, Zheng Q, Zhao M. Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide is a potential auxiliary substance for metformin in the management of diabetes. Food Funct 2022; 13:3023-3035. [PMID: 35199116 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the positive effects of relatively low-dose metformin combined with Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (LMET-SFP) in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and explored the underlying mechanisms of LMET-SFP as compared to metformin alone in managing diabetes. The results indicate that both metformin and LMET-SFP can attenuate body weight loss and ameliorate hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, and LMET-SFP exhibited better effects in lowering fasting blood glucose levels, insulin resistance index and serum cholesterol compared to metformin only. The administration of LMET-SFP could ameliorate liver dysfunction in diabetic rats. In addition, fecal bile acid data implied that LMET-SFP intervention contributed to an increase in fecal total bile acids, ursodesoxycholic acid and tauroursodesoxycholic acid profiles when compared to metformin treatment. Additionally, intestinal microbiological analysis showed that the acknowledged probiotics Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium exhibited higher levels in the LMET-SFP group compared to the metformin group. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the better hypoglycemic effects of LMET-SFP were mainly attributed to the down-regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A, cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase expression, and the up-regulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression, in contrast to metformin alone. These results suggest that SFP may be used as an auxiliary hypoglycemic substance for metformin in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui-Bo Jia
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Donghui Luo
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Zhao-Rong Li
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qianwen Zheng
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Irudayaraj SS, Jincy J, Sunil C, Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S, Chandramohan G, Packiam SM. Antidiabetic with antilipidemic and antioxidant effects of flindersine by enhanced glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation and PPARγ agonism in type 2 diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114883. [PMID: 34861363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants have been used by the people of developing countries to treat various diseases. WHO also recommends the use of medicines from plants source. In that, diabetes also one of the diseases that have been treated traditionally by several people all over the world. In India, Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (Rutaceae) is also a medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurveda. Moreover, T. asiatica is also used in a polyherbal formulation to treat diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY This study examined the antidiabetic with antilipidemic and antioxidant effects of flindersine isolated from T. asiatica leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 days and injecting a single dose of 40 mg/kg b. wt. of Streptozotocin (STZ). Five days post-injection, the grouped diabetic rats were treated with 20 and 40 mg/kg of flindersine. RESULTS Flindersine resulted in a clear decline of blood glucose levels during 28 days of treatment in two different doses. Flindersine also significantly (P ≤ 0.05; P ≤ 0.005) reduced the body weight gain, plasma insulin concentration, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) levels and significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05; P ≤ 0.005) the total protein level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities compared to the standard drug, pioglitazone. Additionally, flindersine restored the glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4), adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expressions in adipose tissues and skeletal muscles. CONCLUSION It has been found that flindersine has potent antilipidemic and antidiabetic activities by improving insulin sensitivity by enhancing the phosphorylation of AMPK, GLUT4 translocation, and PPARγ agonism on adipose tissue and skeletal muscles of diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiagu Stephen Irudayaraj
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, India; St. Xavier's College, Maharo, Dumka, 814110, Jharkhand, India
| | - Jacob Jincy
- Hillside College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Bangalore, 560062, India
| | - Christudas Sunil
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, India.
| | - Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, India.
| | | | - Govindasamy Chandramohan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences,King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soosaimanickam Maria Packiam
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, India; Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai-600 034, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Riddle MC, Cefalu WT, Evans PH, Gerstein HC, Nauck MA, Oh WK, Rothberg AE, le Roux CW, Rubino F, Schauer P, Taylor R, Twenefour D. Consensus report: Definition and interpretation of remission in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2022; 39:e14669. [PMID: 34460965 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of glucose levels into the normal range can occur in some people living with diabetes, either spontaneously or after medical interventions, and in some cases can persist after withdrawal of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy. Such sustained improvement may now be occurring more often due to newer forms of treatment. However, terminology for describing this process and objective measures for defining it are not well established, and the long-term risks versus benefits of its attainment are not well understood. To update prior discussions of this issue, an international expert group was convened by the American Diabetes Association to propose nomenclature and principles for data collection and analysis, with the goal of establishing a base of information to support future clinical guidance. This group proposed "remission" as the most appropriate descriptive term, and HbA1c <6.5% (48 mmol/mol) measured at least 3 months after cessation of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy as the usual diagnostic criterion. The group also made suggestions for active observation of individuals experiencing a remission and discussed further questions and unmet needs regarding predictors and outcomes of remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Riddle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, & Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - William T Cefalu
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip H Evans
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Population Health Research Institute and Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A Nauck
- Diabetes Division, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum gGmbH, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - William K Oh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Amy E Rothberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, and Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francesco Rubino
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Roy Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vedasree N, Peddanna K, Rajasekhar A, ParthaSarathi C, Munirajeswari P, Sireesha Y, Chippada AR. Efficacy of Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schult. &Schult. f. root tubers' active fraction as anti-diabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 285:114856. [PMID: 34808300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schult. &Schult.f. is traditionally used as ethnomedicine for curing several ailments like diabetes, liver problems, ulcers, etc. OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of Cyanotis tuberosa root tubers (CTRT)in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-hyperglycemic activity of hexane extract of CTRT was investigated in diabetic rats. Silica gel chromatography was used to fractionate the hexane extract and the fraction's antihyperglycemic activity was checked in diabetic rats. Effects of long-term (30 days) treatment with an active fraction (CTAF) were evaluated in diabetic rats for 30 days by measurement of body weights, glycemic control, insulin levels, HbA1c, and serum and tissue lipid profiles. Lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant status were measured in the liver and kidney. Hepatic and Renal functional markers were also measured. Phytochemical characterization of CTAF was carried out by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. RESULTS Hexane extract of CTRT at a dose of 750 mg/kg b.w produced significant antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats whereas CTAF has produced maximum antihyperglycemic activity at the dose of 75 mg/kg b.w. Following long-term treatment with CTAF in diabetic rats, significant improvement in glycemic control, (HbA1c) along with decreased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), increase in body weights, and plasma insulin were observed. Also, CTAF ameliorated the serum and tissue lipid profiles. In addition, CTAF suppressed lipid peroxidation and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney to normal levels. Further, CTAF reversed the liver and kidney functional markers to normalcy. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of 7 different phytoconstituents. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that CTAF exerts antidiabetic effects in diabetic rats by improving insulin secretion, glycemic control, and restoring functional activities of the liver and kidney. Our results suggest that root tubers of Cyanotis tuberosa can be used as a complementary or alternative agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nalluri Vedasree
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kotha Peddanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Allagadda Rajasekhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Yallanki Sireesha
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Appa Rao Chippada
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vodouhè M, Marois J, Guay V, Leblanc N, Weisnagel SJ, Bilodeau JF, Jacques H. Marginal Impact of Brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extract on Metabolic and Inflammatory Response in Overweight and Obese Prediabetic Subjects. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:174. [PMID: 35323474 PMCID: PMC8951415 DOI: 10.3390/md20030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to test whether a brown seaweed extract rich in polyphenols combined with a low-calorie diet would induce additional weight loss and improve blood glucose homeostasis in association with a metabolic and inflammatory response in overweight/obese prediabetic subjects. Fifty-six overweight/obese, dysglycemic, and insulin-resistant men and women completed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel clinical trial. Subjects were administrated 500 mg/d of either brown seaweed extract or placebo combined with individualized nutritional advice for moderate weight loss over a period of 12 weeks. Glycemic, anthropometric, blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, lipid profile, gut integrity, and oxidative and inflammatory markers were measured before and at the end of the trial. No effect was observed on blood glucose. We observed significant but small decreases in plasma C-peptide at 120 min during 2 h-OGTT (3218 ± 181 at pre-intervention vs. 2865 ± 186 pmol/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 3004 ± 199 at pre-intervention vs. 2954 ± 179 pmol/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.002), heart rate (72 ± 10 at pre-intervention vs. 69 ± 9 (n/min) at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 68 ± 9 at pre-intervention vs. 68 ± 8 (n/min) at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.01), and an inhibition in the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.3 ± 0.7 at pre-intervention vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 pg/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 1.4 ± 1.1 at pre-intervention vs. 2.2 ± 1.6 pg/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.02) following brown seaweed consumption compared with placebo in the context of moderate weight loss. Although consumption of brown seaweed extract had no effect on body weight or blood glucose, an early attenuation of the inflammatory response was observed in association with marginal changes in metabolic parameters related to the prevention of diabetes type 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Vodouhè
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Julie Marois
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Valérie Guay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Hélène Jacques
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Koh HCE, van Vliet S, Cao C, Patterson BW, Reeds DN, Laforest R, Gropler RJ, Ju YES, Mittendorfer B. Effect of obstructive sleep apnea on glucose metabolism. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:457-467. [PMID: 35118996 PMCID: PMC9172969 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in people with obesity and is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The effect of OSA on metabolic function and the precise mechanisms (insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, or both) responsible for the increased T2D risk in people with OSA are unknown. DESIGN AND METHODS We used a two-stage hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure in conjunction with stable isotopically labeled glucose and palmitate tracer infusions and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose injection and positron emission tomography to quantify multi-organ insulin action and oral and intravenous tolerance tests to evaluate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in fifteen people with obesity and OSA and thirteen people with obesity without OSA. RESULTS OSA was associated with marked insulin resistance of adipose tissue triglyceride lipolysis and glucose uptake into both skeletal muscles and adipose tissue, whereas there was no significant difference between the OSA and control groups in insulin action on endogenous glucose production, basal insulin secretion, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during both intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that OSA is a key determinant of insulin sensitivity in people with obesity and underscore the importance of taking OSA status into account when evaluating metabolic function in people with obesity. These findings may also have important clinical implications because disease progression and the risk of diabetes-related complications vary by T2D subtype (i.e. severe insulin resistance vs insulin deficiency). People with OSA may benefit most from the targeted treatment of peripheral insulin resistance and early screening for complications associated with peripheral insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chao Cao
- Center for Human Nutrition, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Yo-El S Ju
- Department of Neurology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Okawa MC, Cochran E, Lightbourne M, Brown RJ. Long-Term Effects of Metreleptin in Rabson-Mendenhall Syndrome on Glycemia, Growth, and Kidney Function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1032-e1046. [PMID: 34718628 PMCID: PMC8852213 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the insulin receptor gene (INSR) leading to insulin-resistant diabetes, microvascular complications, and growth hormone resistance with short stature. Small, uncontrolled studies suggest that 1-year treatment with recombinant leptin (metreleptin) improves glycemia in RMS. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine effects of long-term metreleptin in RMS on glycemia, anthropometrics, the growth hormone axis, and kidney function. METHODS We compared RMS patients during nonrandomized open-label treatment with metreleptin (≥ 0.15 mg/kg/day) vs no metreleptin over 90 months (5 subjects in both groups at different times, 4 only in metreleptin group, 2 only in control group). Main outcome measures were A1c; glucose; insulin; 24-hour urine glucose; standard deviation scores (SDS) for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1); growth hormone; and estimated glomerular filtration rate. RESULTS Over time, metreleptin-treated subjects maintained 1.8 percentage point lower A1c vs controls (P = 0.007), which remained significant after accounting for changes in insulin doses. Metreleptin-treated subjects had a reduction in BMI SDS, which predicted decreased A1c. Growth hormone increased after metreleptin treatment vs control, with no difference in SDS between groups for IGF-1 or height. Reduced BMI predicted higher growth hormone, while reduced A1c predicted higher IGF-1. CONCLUSION Metreleptin alters the natural history of rising A1c in RMS, leading to lower A1c throughout long-term follow-up. Improved glycemia with metreleptin is likely attributable to appetite suppression and lower BMI SDS. Lower BMI after metreleptin may also worsen growth hormone resistance in RMS, resulting in a null effect on IGF-1 and growth despite improved glycemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marinna C Okawa
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elaine Cochran
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marissa Lightbourne
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca J Brown
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: Rebecca J. Brown, MD, MHSc, Building 10-CRC, Room 6-5942, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu M, Carballo-Jane E, Zhou H, Zafian P, Dai G, Liu M, Lao J, Kelly T, Shao D, Gorski J, Pissarnitski D, Kekec A, Chen Y, Previs SF, Scapin G, Gomez-Llorente Y, Hollingsworth SA, Yan L, Feng D, Huo P, Walford G, Erion MD, Kelley DE, Lin S, Mu J. Functionally selective signaling and broad metabolic benefits by novel insulin receptor partial agonists. Nat Commun 2022; 13:942. [PMID: 35177603 PMCID: PMC8854621 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin analogs have been developed to treat diabetes with focus primarily on improving the time action profile without affecting ligand-receptor interaction or functional selectivity. As a result, inherent liabilities (e.g. hypoglycemia) of injectable insulin continue to limit the true therapeutic potential of related agents. Insulin dimers were synthesized to investigate whether partial agonism of the insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase is achievable, and to explore the potential for tissue-selective systemic insulin pharmacology. The insulin dimers induced distinct IR conformational changes compared to native monomeric insulin and substrate phosphorylation assays demonstrated partial agonism. Structurally distinct dimers with differences in conjugation sites and linkers were prepared to deliver desirable IR partial agonist (IRPA). Systemic infusions of a B29-B29 dimer in vivo revealed sharp differences compared to native insulin. Suppression of hepatic glucose production and lipolysis were like that attained with regular insulin, albeit with a distinctly shallower dose-response. In contrast, there was highly attenuated stimulation of glucose uptake into muscle. Mechanistic studies indicated that IRPAs exploit tissue differences in receptor density and have additional distinctions pertaining to drug clearance and distribution. The hepato-adipose selective action of IRPAs is a potentially safer approach for treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Alloxan/administration & dosage
- Alloxan/toxicity
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cricetulus
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Insulin/therapeutic use
- Lipolysis/drug effects
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Rats
- Receptor, Insulin/agonists
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Swine
- Swine, Miniature
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Wu
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ge Dai
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Mindy Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Julie Lao
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Terri Kelly
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Dan Shao
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Ahmet Kekec
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lin Yan
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | | | - Pei Huo
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - James Mu
- Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Kaze AD, Fonarow GC, Dagogo-Jack S. Severe Hypoglycemia and Incident Heart Failure Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e955-e962. [PMID: 34741460 PMCID: PMC8851942 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The association of severe hypoglycemia on the incidence of heart failure (HF) is unclear. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association of severe hypoglycemia with incident HF among individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We included participants with type 2 diabetes from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. Severe hypoglycemia episodes were assessed during the initial 24 months following randomization and defined using 2 methods: (1) symptomatic, severe hypoglycemic event requiring medical assistance (first definition); or (2) requiring any assistance (second definition). Participants without HF at baseline and during the first 24 months of the study were prospectively followed for incident HF hospitalization. Multivariable Cox regression was used to generate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the association of severe hypoglycemia and incident HF. RESULTS Among 9208 participants (mean age 63 years, 38% female, 62% White), 365 had ≥ 1 episode of severe hypoglycemic. Over a median follow-up duration of 3 years, there were 249 incident HF events. After multivariable adjustment for relevant confounders, participants with severe hypoglycemia requiring medical assistance had a 68% higher relative risk of incident HF (HR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.06-2.66), as compared with individuals who never experienced any episode of hypoglycemia. Severe hypoglycemia requiring any assistance was also associated with a 49% higher relative risk of HF (HR 1.49; 95% CI, 1.01-2.21). CONCLUSION In a large cohort of adults with type 2 diabetes, severe hypoglycemia was independently associated with greater risk of incident HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Correspondence: Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, MD, PhD; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Arnaud D Kaze
- Department of Medicine, SOVAH Health, Danville, VA 24541, USA
| | - Gregg C Fonarow
- Ahmanson-UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- General Clinical Research Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang ZL, Sun HH, Liu HY, Ji QX, Niu YT, Ma P, Hao G, Zhang JX, Yuan YY, Chai XL, Han J, Wang W. The water extracts of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold attenuate diabetic retinopathy by mediating angiogenesis. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 284:114782. [PMID: 34728316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (family Celastraceae) is a deciduous woody shrub that is recorded in ShenNong BenCaoJing. It has been widely used for diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to identify the most effective extract of Euonymus alatus (EA) against high glucose-induced endothelial cells in vitro, evaluate its pharmacological effect on retinopathy in diabetic mice and explore its underlying mechanism by RNA sequencing. METHODS Retinal vascular endothelial cells (RF/6A) were treated with normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L glucose), high glucose (25 mmol/L glucose) or high glucose plus methanol extracts of EA (MEA), ethyl acetate extracts of EA (EEA) or water extracts of EA (WEA). The cytotoxicity and cell viability were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell migration was examined using the Transwell assay, and tube formation ability was measured using the Matrigel assay. Then, the KK-Ay mice were administered WEA or water for 12 weeks. The velocities of ocular blood flow were determined by Doppler ultrasound. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed on WEA-stimulated RF/6A cells to reveal the underlying mechanism. RESULTS The cytotoxicity assay found that 30 μg/mL MEA, 20 μg/mL EEA and 30 μg/mL WEA had no toxic effect on RF/6A cells. The cell viability results showed that MEA, EEA and WEA all decreased cell viability. Compared with the high-glucose group, both MEA and WEA decreased the number of migrated cells, while the inhibition rate of WEA was higher. The Matrigel results showed that 30 μg/mL WEA effectively reduced the total tube length. Moreover, WEA improved the haemodynamics of the central retinal artery. RNA sequencing coupled with RT-qPCR verified that WEA regulated angiogenesis-related factors in high glucose-stimulated RF/6A cells. CONCLUSIONS WEA inhibits the migration and tube formation of RF/6A cells and improves diabetic retinopathy (DR) by mediating angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Lin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Han-Ying Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Qing-Xuan Ji
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi-Ting Niu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Pan Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Gaimei Hao
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yue-Ying Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin-Lou Chai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shen Y, You Q, Wu Y, Wu J. Inhibition of PAD4-mediated NET formation by cl-amidine prevents diabetes development in nonobese diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 916:174623. [PMID: 34767782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many evidences indicated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play pathogenic roles in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Peptidylarginine deiminases 4 (PAD4) has been proved to be indispensable for generation of NETs. In the current study, we investigated whether oral administration of cl-amidine, an effective inhibitor of PAD4, protects non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice from T1D development. Female NOD mice were orally administrated with cl-amidine (5 μg/g body weight) from the age of 8 weeks up to 16 weeks. It showed that cl-amidine inhibit NET formation in vitro and in vivo. The onset of T1D was delayed nearly 8 weeks and the incidence of disease was significantly decreased in cl-amidine treated mice compared with the control group. Moreover, cl-amidine decreased the serum levels of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in NOD mice. Also, it decreased generation of T1D autoantibodies such as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), tyrosine phosphatase-related islet antigen-2 antibody (IA2A) and zinc transporter 8 antibody (ZnT8A), which were strongly correlated with the reduced serum PAD4 and MPO-DNA levels. Furthermore, cl-amidine administration inhibited pancreatic inflammation and increased frequency of regulatory T cells in pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs). In addition, cl-amidine improved gut barrier dysfunction and decreased the serum level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was positively correlated with the NETs markers (PAD4 and MPO-DNA) and T1D autoantibody IA2A. In conclusion, our data showed that orally delivery of cl-amidine effectively prevent T1D development and suggested inhibition of PAD4-dependent NET formation as a potential way of clinical treatment in T1D.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Autoimmune Diseases/prevention & control
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Extracellular Traps/drug effects
- Female
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Intestines/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Ornithine/administration & dosage
- Ornithine/analogs & derivatives
- Ornithine/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/administration & dosage
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4/blood
- Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Tight Junctions/drug effects
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shen
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi You
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiling Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Longo M, Scappaticcio L, Petrizzo M, Castaldo F, Sarnataro A, Forestiere D, Caiazzo F, Bellastella G, Maiorino MI, Capuano A, Esposito K. Glucose control in home-isolated adults with type 1 diabetes affected by COVID-19 using continuous glucose monitoring. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:445-452. [PMID: 34482534 PMCID: PMC8418789 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is aimed at evaluating changes in metrics of glucose control in home-isolated patients with type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. METHODS We included adults aged 18-45 years with type 1 diabetes, using CGM, followed by telemedicine at a Southern Italian University Hospital. Thirty-two home-quarantined subjects with SARS-CoV-2 positive swab constituted the COVID-19 group. Thirty age-matched diabetic individuals without COVID-19 formed the control group. The effects of COVID-19 on glycemic control in patients infected were assessed at different time points [2 weeks before-COVID-19 (Time 1), 2 weeks during-COVID-19 (Time 2) and 2 weeks after COVID-19 (Time 3)] and compared with those without infection. RESULTS A significant reduction of TIR (Time 1 vs Time 2, %, 60.1 ± 16.6 vs 55.4 ± 19.2, P = 0.03), associated with a significant increase of TAR level 2 (10.1 ± 7.3 vs 16.7 ± 12.9, P < 0.001), GMI (7.1 ± 0.6 vs 7.5 ± 0.8, P < 0.001), CV (37.3 ± 7.1 vs 39.6 ± 7.0, P = 0.04), mean glucose values (mg/dL, 160.2 ± 26.5 vs 175.5 ± 32.6, P = 0.001) and standard deviation (59.2 ± 13.1 vs 68.6 ± 17.7, P = 0.001) was observed in patients with COVID-19. No significant change of glycemic metrics was found in the NO COVID-19 group across the time. CONCLUSION Young home-isolated patients with type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 showed a worsening of glucose control during COVID-19, as compared with age-matched diabetic subjects without the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Longo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - L Scappaticcio
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M Petrizzo
- Unit of Diabetes, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - F Castaldo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Sarnataro
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - D Forestiere
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - F Caiazzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - G Bellastella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M I Maiorino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - A Capuano
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - K Esposito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Unit of Diabetes, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Since the discovery of insulin 100 years ago, we have seen considerable advances across diabetes therapies. The more recent advent of glucose-responsive automated insulin delivery has started to revolutionise the management of type 1 diabetes in children and adults. Evolution of closed-loop insulin delivery from research to clinical practice has been rapid, and multiple systems are now commercially available. In this review, we summarise key evidence on currently available closed-loop systems and those in development. We comment on dual-hormone and do-it-yourself systems, as well as reviewing clinical evidence in special populations such as very young children, older adults and in pregnancy. We identify future directions for research and barriers to closed-loop adoption, including how these might be addressed to ensure equitable access to this novel therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ware
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Hovorka
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
López-Cano C, Ciudin A, Sánchez E, Tinahones FJ, Barbé F, Dalmases M, García-Ramírez M, Soto A, Gaeta AM, Pellitero S, Martí R, Hernández C, Simó R, Lecube A. Liraglutide Improves Forced Vital Capacity in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Randomized Crossover LIRALUNG Study. Diabetes 2022; 71:315-320. [PMID: 34737187 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, on pulmonary function and serum levels of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in type 2 diabetes. A double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial comprising 76 patients with a baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s <90% of that predicted. Liraglutide was administered for 7 weeks (2 weeks of titration plus 5 weeks at 1.8 mg daily). This short duration was intentional to minimize weight loss as a potential confounding factor. Serum level of SP-D was used as a biomarker of alveolar-capillary barrier integrity. Liraglutide exerted a positive impact on forced vital capacity (FVC) in comparison with placebo (ΔFVC 5.2% of predicted [from 0.8 to 9.6]; P = 0.009). No differences in the other pulmonary variables were observed. Participants under liraglutide treatment also experienced a decrease in serum SP-D (P = 0.038). The absolute change in FVC correlated with final serum SP-D in participants receiving liraglutide (r = -0.313, P = 0.036). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that final serum SP-D independently predicted changes in FVC. In conclusion, liraglutide increased FVC in patients with type 2 diabetes. This effect was associated with a significant decrease of circulating SP-D, thus pointing to a beneficial effect in the alveolar-capillary function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina López-Cano
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, and Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
| | - Andreea Ciudin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric Sánchez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, and Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa María, and Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Dalmases
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa María, and Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta García-Ramírez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Soto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Anna Michela Gaeta
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa María, and Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martí
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, and Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, and Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, and Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida. Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Samaha MM, Helal MG, El-Sherbiny M, Said E, Salem HA. Diacerein versus adipoRon as adiponectin modulators in experimentally-induced end-stage type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 90:103806. [PMID: 34974166 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to evaluate and compare the possible anti-diabetic effects of adipoRon and diacerein in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. T2DM is marked by impaired oxidative, inflammatory and metabolic signaling. Indeed, T2DM progression is associated with elevated HbA1C%, low adiponectin and insulin concentration. Moreover, in this study epididymal adipose tissue and soleus muscle MDA contents significantly escalated, while serum TAC and epididymal adipose Nrf2 significantly declined. Nevertheless, serum TNF-α, epididymal NLRP3, NF-κB, PPARγ and CD68 expression rose significantly with a parallel significant reduction in serum IL-10 and soleus muscle expression of IRS1. Both adipoRon and diacerein significantly improved adiponectin and insulin secretion with augmentation of anti-oxidant defenses and diminution of oxidative burden, with obvious anti-inflammatory consequences (p < 0.05). Thus, adipoRon and diacerein positively modulated adiponectin expression with down-regulation of NF-κB/NLRP3/PPARγ expression with subsequent improvement in glycemic control, inflammatory and oxidative signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Samaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar G Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Eman Said
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, New Mansoura University, 7723730 New Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang F, Chen D, Zhang L, Zhao Q, Ma Y, Zhang X, Zhao S, Chen C. Diaphragma juglandis extracts modifies the gut microbiota during prevention of type 2 diabetes in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114484. [PMID: 34627985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The diaphragma juglandis (DJ) comes from the wooden septum in the core of Juglans regia L, also known as the walnut septum. In Iranian traditional medicine, walnut distraction wood was widely used in the treatment of diabetes. However, there is a lack of research data on the mechanism of DJ against diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the protective effect of diaphragma juglandis extract (DJE) on type 2 diabetic rats and the hypoglycemic mechanism of DJE. MATERIAL AND METHODS Supplemented DJE and fed a high-fat diet for five weeks, and then injected low-dose STZ, successfully induced type 2 diabetic rats. Collected rat serum, liver, pancreas and feces to determine the biochemical parameters of serum and liver, analyze the pathological damages of pancreas and liver, and measure the changes of gut microbes in feces. RESULTS DJE could inhibit the metabolic abnormalities of T2DM by improving insulin resistance, abnormal lipid metabolism, liver damage, oxidative stress, and reducing inflammation. DJE significantly held fasting blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein, serum low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, oral glucose tolerance test, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase and catalase, serum and liver triglycerides, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, lipopolysaccharide, fasting insulin and tumor necrosis factor-α and prevented the pathological damage of pancreas and liver. The 16SrRNA gene sequencing results showed that DJE intercepted the disorders of the fecal gut microbes, mainly including Lactobacillaceae, Rikenella, Pygmaiobacter, Oscillospiraceae and Klebsiella. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the changes of gut microbes were closely relative with biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION DJE might prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications and hold up the disorders of gut microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Yunnan Institute of Tobacco Quality Inspection and Supervision, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qingyujing Zhao
- Kunming Customs Technological Center, Kunming, 650200, China
| | - Yage Ma
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shenglan Zhao
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Chaoyin Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rout D, Dash UC, Kanhar S, Swain SK, Sahoo AK. Homalium zeylanicum attenuates streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia and cellular stress in experimental rats via attenuation of oxidative stress imparts inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 283:114649. [PMID: 34536517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Homalium zeylanicum (Gardner) Benth (Salicaceae) leaves are being used as folklore medicine to treat diabetes by the local folk of Andhra Pradesh, India. The medicinal claim of this plant with hypoglycaemic effects was initially studied by the authors. Results demonstrated the important antioxidant activities of the hydroalcohol fraction of leaves of H. zeylanicum leaves (HAHZL) were positively correlated with phenols and flavonoids contents. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the previous findings, additional research is needed to examine the efficacy of using HAHZL to treat hyperglycemia. We therefore investigated in vitro and in vivo glycemic response of HAHZL, and evaluation of possible mechanism of bioactive molecules in mitigating streptozotocin-induced cellular stress in experimental rats via attenuation of oxidative stress imparts inflammation. METHODS GC-MS/MS analysis of HAHZL was carried out to identify bioactive constituents. In vitro antidiabetic (α-glucosidase, α-amylase) and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. HFD/low-STZ-prompted diabetic Wistar rats were administered with HAHZL (300 and 400 mg/kg; oral) for 28 days. Blood serum, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and antidiabetic markers of pancreas and liver were determined. Histopathological studies of liver and pancreas were performed to assess the protective role of HAHZL. RESULTS GC-MS/MS study revealed 7 bioactive compounds e.g., Phenol, 4-ethenyl-, acetate (28.68%), hydroquinone (9.10%), n-hexadecanoic acid (0.55%), phytol (0.57%), arbutin (17.65%), Vitamin E (1.04%), β-Sitosterol (1.54%) which possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. HAHZL showed significant in vitro glycemic response as evidenced by the inhibition of α-amylase, and α-glucosidase activities. Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that HAHZL exhibited competitive and mixed competitive inhibition towards α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. HAHZL at 400 mg/kg modulated the pathophysiology associated with HFD/STZ-induced type2 diabetes mellitus and significantly (p < 0.001) improved antihyperglycemic (SG, SI, HOMA-IR, and HbA1C), antidyslipidemic (TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG), antioxidative (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH, and 8-OHdG) and anti-inflammatory (TNF-α, and CRP) markers in serum, pancreas and liver. In vitro and in vivo test results were corroborated by the improvement of pancreatic and hepatic tissue architecture in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION HAHZL bearing bioactive components phenol, 4-ethenyl-,acetate, hydroquinone, n-hexadecanoic acid, arbutin, phytol, vitamin E and β-sitosterol balanced glycemic level by normalising the levels of glycaemic indices, lipid profile, pancreas and liver functional markers in STZ-induced T2DM rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeptimayee Rout
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Umesh Chandra Dash
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Satish Kanhar
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Swain
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Atish Kumar Sahoo
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
El Malahi A, Van Elsen M, Charleer S, Dirinck E, Ledeganck K, Keymeulen B, Crenier L, Radermecker R, Taes Y, Vercammen C, Nobels F, Mathieu C, Gillard P, De Block C. Relationship Between Time in Range, Glycemic Variability, HbA1c, and Complications in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e570-e581. [PMID: 34534297 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) provides information on glycemic variability (GV), time in range (TIR), and guidance to avoid hypoglycemia, thereby complimenting HbA1c for diabetes management. We investigated whether GV and TIR were independently associated with chronic and acute diabetes complications. METHODS Between September 2014 and January 2017, 515 subjects with type 1 diabetes using sensor-augmented pump therapy were followed for 24 months. The link between baseline HbA1c and CGM-derived glucometrics (TIR [70-180 mg/dL], coefficient of variation [CV], and SD) obtained from the first 2 weeks of RT-CGM use and the presence of complications was investigated. Complications were defined as: composite microvascular complications (presence of neuropathy, retinopathy, or nephropathy), macrovascular complications, and hospitalization for hypoglycemia and/or ketoacidosis. RESULTS Individuals with microvascular complications were older (P < 0.001), had a longer diabetes duration (P < 0.001), a higher HbA1c (7.8 ± 0.9 vs 7.5 ± 0.9%, P < 0.001), and spent less time in range (60.4 ± 12.2 vs 63.9 ± 13.8%, P = 0.022) compared with those without microvascular complication. Diabetes duration (odds ratio [OR] = 1.12 [1.09-1.15], P < 0.001) and TIR (OR = 0.97 [0.95-0.99], P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for composite microvascular complications, whereas SD and CV were not. Age (OR = 1.08 [1.03-1.14], P = 0.003) and HbA1c (OR = 1.80 [1.02-3.14], P = 0.044) were risk factors for macrovascular complications. TIR (OR = 0.97 [0.95-0.99], P = 0.021) was the only independent risk factor for hospitalizations for hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis. CONCLUSIONS Lower TIR was associated with the presence of composite microvascular complications and with hospitalization for hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis. TIR, SD, and CV were not associated with macrovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anass El Malahi
- Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Elsen
- Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Sara Charleer
- Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven - KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristien Ledeganck
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Keymeulen
- Diabetology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Crenier
- Endocrinology, Université Libre de Bruxelles - Hôpital Erasme, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Régis Radermecker
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic disorders, CHU Liège, Clinical Pharmacology, Liège University, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Youri Taes
- Endocrinology, AZ Sint-Jan Brugge, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
| | | | - Frank Nobels
- Endocrinology, OLV Hospital Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven - KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Gillard
- Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven - KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe De Block
- Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital Antwerp, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wen WL, Huang HC, Lin HC, Lo WC, Chen SC, Lee MY. Greater Glycemic Burden Is Associated with Further Poorer Glycemic Control in Newly-Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020320. [PMID: 35057503 PMCID: PMC8780525 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: hyperglycemia impairs pancreatic β-cell function instantly, also known as glucotoxicity. It is unknown whether this insult is temporary or sustained, and little real-world evidence needs to reflect the relationship between hyperglycemic burden, per se, and glycemic durability. Materials and Methods: a retrospective observational cohort study was conducted to recruit newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Durability was defined as the episode from first glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) below 7.0% to where it exceed 8.0% (with treatment failure) or where study ended (without treatment failure). Glycemic burden was defined with the area above a burden value line (HbA1c = 6.5%) but under the HbA1c curve (AUC), and it was then divided into two compartments with the demarcation timepoint once HbA1c was treated below or equal to 7.0%; the former AUC' represented the initial insult; the latter AUC" represented the residual part. Multivariable regression models assessed factors associated with durability in whole participants and two distinct subgroups: patients with baseline HbA1c > 7.0% or ≤7.0%. Results: 1048 eligible participants were recruited and analyzed: 291 patients with treatment failure (durability 26.8 ± 21.1 months); 757 patients without treatment failure (durability 45.1 ± 31.8 months). Besides age, glycemic burden was the only constant determinant in the two subgroups. AUC' or AUC" increased treatment failure, respectively, in baseline HbA1c > 7.0% or ≤7.0% subgroup [per 1%/90 days hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.026 (1.018-1.034) and 1.128 (1.016-1.253)]. Other determinants include baseline HbA1c, initial OAD, and education level. Conclusions: in patients with newly-diagnosed T2DM, glycemic durability was negatively associated with greater glycemic burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lee’s Endocrinology Clinic, Pingtung City 900, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Hengchun Navaids Site, Kaohsiung Aviation Facilities Sector, Air Navigation and Weather Services, Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Hengchun 946, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Lin
- Certified Diabetic Educator of Endocrinology & Metabolism Ward, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wan-Ching Lo
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan;
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Mei-Yueh Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (M.-Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shi S, Sun M, Liu Y, Jiang J, Li F. Insight into Shenqi Jiangtang Granule on the improved insulin sensitivity by integrating in silico and in vivo approaches. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114672. [PMID: 34560213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Presently, insulin resistance has been a growing concern that urgently needs to be addressed, because it not only places patients at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus but also results in metabolic syndrome and different aspects of cardiovascular diseases. Shenqi Jiangtang Granule (SJG) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that is widely used to treat diabetes mellitus and its complications in clinical practice. While studies have revealed that SJG with multi-ingredients and multi-targets characteristics possesses potential anti-insulin resistance pharmacological properties, its mechanisms of action and molecular targets for the treatment of insulin resistance are still obscure, which prompt us to conduct an in-depth research. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was purposed to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of SJG against insulin resistance through integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The putative ingredients of SJG and its related targets were discerned from the TCMSP database. Subsequently, insulin resistance-associated targets were retrieved from GeneCard, OMIM, and GEO database. Compound-target, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and compound-target-pathway networks were established using Cytoscape software. GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to identify possible enrichment of genes with specific biological themes. Molecular docking was used to verify the correlation between the main active ingredients and hub targets. Optimal docking conformation was further analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Finally, the potential molecular mechanisms of SJG acting on insulin resistance, as predicted by the network pharmacology analyses, were validated experimentally in insulin-resistant rat model. RESULTS 136 active compounds, 211 corresponding targets in addition to 1463 disease-related targets were collected, of which 94 intersection targets were obtained. 29 key targets including AKT1, VEGFA, IL-6, CASP3, and PTGS2 were identified through PPI network analysis. Hub module of PPI network was closely associated with inflammation. GO and KEGG analyses also revealed that inflammation-related pathways may be a central factor for SJG to modulate insulin resistance. Molecular docking test showed a good binding potency between primary active ingredients and core targets, and the binding mode of optimal docking conformation was stable in MD simulation. A rat model of insulin resistance was successfully induced by chronic high-fat diet (HFD) consumption. Through a series of in vivo studies, including HEC, ITT, and HOMA-IR measurement, it was revealed that SJG exhibited a beneficial effect on ameliorating insulin resistance, as demonstrated by a significant increase of GIR and a significant decrease of AUCITT and HOMA-IR index value. Further molecular biological analysis showed that SJG can decrease the mRNA expression level and serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), along with suppressing the p-NFκB protein overexpression, indicating its anti-inflammatory activity. Also, it can contribute to the reversal of the impaired hepatic insulin signaling pathway, as evidenced by up-regulated protein expression of p-Akt and GLUT2. CONCLUSIONS Through in silico and in vivo approaches, the present study not only provides a unique insight into the possible mechanism of SJG in insulin resistance after successfully filtering out associated key target genes and signaling pathways, but also suggests a novel promising therapeutic strategy for curing insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulong Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China; Institute for Chronic Disease Management, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China.
| | - Mingliang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China.
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China.
| | - Jiajia Jiang
- Institute for Chronic Disease Management, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China; Institute for Chronic Disease Management, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tonelli CA, de Oliveira SQ, Silva Vieira AAD, Biavatti MW, Ritter C, Reginatto FH, Campos AMD, Dal-Pizzol F. Clinical efficacy of capsules containing standardized extract of Bauhinia forficata Link (pata-de-vaca) as adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized, double blind clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114616. [PMID: 34506937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bauhinia forficata Link, is a Brazilian native plant and popularly known as pata-de-vaca ("paw-of-cow"). The tea prepared with their leaves has been extensively used in the Brazilian traditional practices for the diabetes treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of capsules containing granules of a standardized extract of B. forficata leaves as adjuvant treatment on the glycemic control of patients with type-2 diabetes melitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS A double-blind, randomized clinical trial using capsules containing granules prepared by wet granulation of a standardized extract from B. forficata leaves as adjuvant treatment, was conducted. 92 patients aged 18-75 years from an outpatient clinic with type-2 diabetes were randomly assigned by a simple randomization scheme, in a 1:1 ratio to receive capsules of B. forficata or placebo for four months. The capsules used contain 300 mg of standardized extract from B. forficata leaves, yielding 2% of total flavonoid content per capsule. Primary outcome was glycated hemoglobin levels and fasting plasma glucose at 4 months. Possible harms were also determined. RESULTS The findings showed that at 4 months, the mean fasting plasma glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin were both significantly lower in the B. forficata group than in the placebo group. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the adjunctive use of capsules containing standardized extract of B. forficata can add to regular oral anti-diabetics in the metabolic and inflammatory control of type-2 diabetes patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos André Tonelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Simone Quintana de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Andriele Aparecida da Silva Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maique Weber Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ritter
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela Machado de Campos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Unsal İO, Calapkulu M, Sencar ME, Cakal B, Ozbek M. Evaluation of NAFLD fibrosis, FIB-4 and APRI score in diabetic patients receiving exenatide treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:283. [PMID: 34997159 PMCID: PMC8741957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a closely relationship between the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and obesity and diabetes. NAFLD fibrosis scores should be routinely used to rule out patients with advanced fibrosis. High scores may help identify patients at higher risk of all causes andliverrelated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exenatide and fibrosis scores. The effect of exenatide treatment on fibrosis scores was evaluated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with MAFLD. Evaluation was made of 50 patients with type 2 DM and MAFLD. The NFS, FIB4 and APRI scores were calculated before and after 6 months of treatment. After 6 months of exenatide treatment, the NFS and APRI scores were determined to have decreased significantly. Exenatide was observed to control blood glucose, reduce body weight and improve fibrosis scores in MAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Ozturk Unsal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Sehit Omer Halisdemir Avenue, 06110, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Murat Calapkulu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Sehit Omer Halisdemir Avenue, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Erkam Sencar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Sehit Omer Halisdemir Avenue, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Basak Cakal
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozbek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Sehit Omer Halisdemir Avenue, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gessner A, Gemeinhardt A, Bosch A, Kannenkeril D, Staerk C, Mayr A, Fromm MF, Schmieder RE, Maas R. Effects of treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors on arginine-related cardiovascular and renal biomarkers. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:4. [PMID: 34991562 PMCID: PMC8740418 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors improve glycaemic control as well as cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Their effects on L-arginine (Arg) related risk markers asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA and SDMA) and the protective biomarker L-homoarginine (hArg) linking T2D to cardiovascular and renal disease have not yet been reported. METHODS Plasma and 24-h urine samples taken before and after 6 weeks of treatment were available from two prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trials with empagliflozin (71 patients analyzed, NCT02471963) and dapagliflozin (59 patients analyzed, NCT02383238). In these samples, concentrations of hArg, Arg, ADMA, SDMA, and creatinine were determined by liquid-chromatography coupled to tandem mass-spectrometry. Additionally, intraindividual changes of the biomarkers in plasma were correlated with intraindividual changes of clinical parameters. RESULTS Treatment with empagliflozin and dapagliflozin was associated with a reduction of plasma hArg by 17.5% and 13.7% (both p < 0.001), respectively, and increase in plasma SDMA concentration of 6.7% and 3.6%, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05), while plasma Arg and ADMA concentrations were not significantly altered. 24-h urinary excretion of ADMA was reduced by 15.2% after treatment with empagliflozin (p < 0.001) but not after dapagliflozin treatment, while excretion of the other markers was not significantly altered. Renal clearance of SDMA was reduced by 9.1% and 3.9% for both drugs (both p < 0.05). A reduction in ADMA clearance was observable after empagliflozin treatment only (- 15.5%, p < 0.001), but not after dapagliflozin. Renal clearance of hArg and Arg was not significantly altered. Treatment effects on L-arginine related biomarkers were not constantly correlated with effects on glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors has divergent effects on Arg-related biomarkers and could affect risk estimates associated with these markers. The observed effects are unlikely to explain the known cardiovascular and renal benefits of treatment with empagliflozin or dapagliflozin but still may indicate new therapeutic approaches in patients treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors. Trial registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov : NCT02471963 (registered 15th June 2015, retrospectively registered) and NCT02383238.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Gessner
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Anna Gemeinhardt
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Agnes Bosch
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dennis Kannenkeril
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Staerk
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Mayr
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland E Schmieder
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renke Maas
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Merkofer F, Struja T, Delfs N, Spagnuolo CC, Hafner JF, Kupferschmid K, Baechli C, Schuetz P, Mueller B, Blum CA. Glucose control after glucocorticoid administration in hospitalized patients - a retrospective analysis. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:8. [PMID: 34986826 PMCID: PMC8734262 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced hyperglycemia is a frequent adverse effect in hospitalized patients. Guidelines recommend insulin treatment to a target range of 6-10 mmol/L (108-180 mg/dl), but efficacies of particular regimes have not been well-studied. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, hospitalized patients receiving GCs at the medical ward were analyzed by treatment (basal-bolus vs. bolus-only vs. pre-mixed insulin) and compared to a non-insulin-therapy reference group. Coefficients of glucose variation (CV), percentage of glucose readings in range (4-10 mmol/L (72-180 mg/dl)) and hypoglycemia (< 4 mmol/L (< 72 mg/dl)) were evaluated. RESULTS Of 2424 hospitalized patients receiving systemic GCs, 875 (36%) developed GC-induced hyperglycemia. 427 patients (17%) had a previous diagnosis of diabetes. Adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR) for the top tertile of CV (> 29%) were 1.47 (95% Cl 1.01-2.15) for bolus-only insulin, 4.77 (95% CI 2.67-8.51) for basal-bolus insulin, and 4.98 (95% CI 2.02-12.31) for premixed insulin, respectively. Adjusted RRR for percentages of glucose readings in range were 0.98 (95% Cl 0.97-0.99) for basal-bolus insulin, 0.99 (95% Cl 0.98-1.00) for premixed insulin, and 1.01 (95% Cl 1.00-1.01) for bolus-only insulin, respectively. Adjusted RRR for hypoglycemia was 13.17 (95% Cl 4.35-39.90) for basal-bolus insulin, 8.92 (95% Cl 2.60-30.63) for premixed insulin, and 2.99 (95% Cl 1.01-8.87) for bolus-only insulin, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Current guidelines recommend a basal-bolus regimen for treatment of GC-induced hyperglycemia, but we found similar outcomes with pre-mixed and bolus-only insulin regimens. As GC-induced hyperglycemia is a frequent issue in hospitalized patients, it might be reasonable to prospectively study the ideal regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franzisca Merkofer
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Tristan Struja
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Neele Delfs
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Carlos C. Spagnuolo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Jason F. Hafner
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Kupferschmid
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Ciril Baechli
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Beat Mueller
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Claudine A. Blum
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Medical University Clinic, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, Haus 7, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Garzia E, Galiano V, Marfia G, Navone S, Grossi E, Marconi AM. Hyperandrogenism and menstrual imbalance are the best predictors of metformin response in PCOS patients. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:6. [PMID: 34983571 PMCID: PMC8729102 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moving from the correlation between insulin-resistance and PCOS, metformin has been administered in some PCOS women improving ovulatory and metabolic functions and decreasing androgen levels. Inconsistency and unpredictability of response to metformin limit its extensive use. Aim of this study was to identify reliable predictors of response to metformin therapy for weight loss and reduction in plasma androgen levels using ANNs (artificial neural networks). METHODS One hundred eight consecutive women with PCOS (ESHRE/ASRM 2003 Rotterdam criteria) treated with metformin 1500 mg/day, at inclusion and every 6 months underwent to a complete clinical, endocrine/metabolic assessment and ultrasonographic evaluation. Therapy outcomes were BMI reduction (≥1 kg/m2) in overweight/obese and free-androgen-index (FAI) decrease (≥1%) in hyperandrogenemic women. Semantic connectivity maps (SCMs) were obtained through Auto-CM, a fourth generation ANN, to compare patients' baseline clinical features to the treatment outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the major predictor in drop-out patients and the associated risk. RESULTS At 6 months 54 out of 103 (52,4%) obese patients showed BMI reduction and 45 out of 89 (50,6%) hyperandrogenemic women showed FAI decrease. The further response rates at 12 months were 30,6 and 47%, respectively. SCMs showed a clear polarization for both the outcomes with elevated accuracy. Treatment responsiveness resulted strictly related to oligo-amenorrhea and hyperandrogenemia at baseline. In addition, lower serum testosterone levels at baseline were found to be the major predictor of treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS In women with PCOS, menstrual pattern imbalance and ovarian androgens excess are the best predictors of metformin response. They may pave the way for a rethinking of the criteria for evaluating hyperandrogenism in order to better define the large population included in the diagnosis of PCOS. Baseline plasma testosterone level can serve as a sensitive marker to predict treatment compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Garzia
- grid.415093.aReproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Mother and Child, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 via di Rudinì, 8 –, Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Medicina Aerospaziale “A. Mosso”, Aeronautica Militare, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Galiano
- grid.415093.aReproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Mother and Child, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 via di Rudinì, 8 –, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marfia
- Istituto di Medicina Aerospaziale “A. Mosso”, Aeronautica Militare, Milano, Italy
- grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- ”Aldo Ravelli” Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Navone
- grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- ”Aldo Ravelli” Research Center, Milano, Italy
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Villa Santa Maria Foundation, Tavernerio, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Marconi
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sun RX, Huang WJ, Xiao Y, Wang DD, Mu GH, Nan H, Ni BR, Huang XQ, Wang HC, Liu YF, Fu Q, Zhao JX. Shenlian (SL) Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound, May Ameliorate Blood Glucose via Mediating the Gut Microbiota in db/db Mice. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:7802107. [PMID: 35187178 PMCID: PMC8855168 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7802107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Shenlian (SL) decoction is a herbal formula composed of Coptis and ginseng, of which berberine and ginsenoside are the main constituents. Even though SL decoction is widely used in treating diabetes in China, the mechanism of its antidiabetes function still needs further study. Gut microbiota disorder is one of the important factors that cause diabetes. To explore the effect of SL decoction on intestinal microbiota, gut microbiota of mice was analyzed by sequencing the gut bacterial 16S rRNA V3+V4 region and metagenomics. In this study, results demonstrated that SL decoction had a better hypoglycemic effect and β cell protection effect than either ginseng or Coptis chinensis. Alpha diversity analysis showed that all interventions with ginseng, Coptis, and SL decoction could reverse the increased diversity and richness of gut microbiota in db/db mice. PCoA analysis showed oral SL decoction significantly alters gut microbiota composition in db/db mice. 395 OTUs showed significant differences after SL treatment, of which 37 OTUs enriched by SL decoction showed a significant negative correlation with FBG, and 204 OTUs decreased by SL decoction showed a significant positive correlation with FBG. Results of KEGG analysis and metagenomic sequencing showed that SL decoction could reduce the Prevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Helicobacteraceae, which were related to lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, riboflavin metabolism, and peroxisome, respectively. It could also upregulate the abundance of Bacteroidaceae, which contributed to the metabolism of starch and sucrose as well as pentose-glucuronate interconversions. In the species level, SL decoction significantly upregulates the relative abundance of Bacteroides_acidifaciens which showed a significant negative correlation with FBG and was reported to be a potential agent for modulating metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. In conclusion, SL decoction was effective in hypoglycemia and its mechanism may be related to regulating gut microbiota via upregulating Bacteroides_acidifaciens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-xi Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Nephropathy Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dou-dou Wang
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-hua Mu
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - He Nan
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-ran Ni
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-qiang Huang
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hsuan-chuan Wang
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-fan Liu
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-xi Zhao
- Section II of Endocrinology & Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Funazaki S, Yoshida M, Yamada H, Kakei M, Kawakami M, Nagashima S, Hara K, Dezaki K. A novel mechanism of imeglimin-mediated insulin secretion via the cADPR-TRP channel pathway. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:34-41. [PMID: 34523242 PMCID: PMC8756313 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Imeglimin is a novel oral hypoglycemic agent that improves blood glucose levels through multiple mechanisms of action including the enhancement of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), however, the details of this mechanism have not been clarified. In the process of GSIS, activation of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel, a type of non-selective cation channel (NSCCs) in β-cells, promotes plasma membrane depolarization. The present study aimed to examine whether imeglimin potentiates GSIS via the TRPM2 channel in β-cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pancreatic islets were isolated by collagenase digestion from male wild-type and TRPM2-knockout (KO) mice. Insulin release and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) production in islets were measured under static incubation. NSCC currents in mouse single β-cells were measured by patch-clamp experiments. RESULTS Batch-incubation studies showed that imeglimin enhanced GSIS at stimulatory 16.6 mM glucose, whereas it did not affect basal insulin levels at 2.8 mM glucose. Imeglimin increased the glucose-induced production of NAD+ , a precursor of cADPR, in islets and the insulinotropic effects of imeglimin were attenuated by a cADPR inhibitor 8-Br-cADPR. Furthermore, imeglimin increased NSCC current in β-cells, and abolished this current in TRPM2-KO mice. Imeglimin did not potentiate GSIS in the TRPM2-KO islets, suggesting that imeglimin's increase of NSCC currents through the TRPM2 channel is causally implicated in its insulin releasing effects. CONCLUSIONS Imeglimin may activate TRPM2 channels in β-cells via the production of NAD+ /cADPR, leading to the potentiation of GSIS. Developing approaches to stimulate cADPR-TRPM2 signaling provides a potential therapeutic tool to treat type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Funazaki
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Masashi Yoshida
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Hodaka Yamada
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Masafumi Kakei
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Masanobu Kawakami
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Shuichi Nagashima
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and MetabolismJichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Katsuya Dezaki
- Department of PhysiologyDivision of Integrative PhysiologyJichi Medical UniversityShimotsuke‐shiJapan
- Faculty of PharmacyIryo Sosei UniversityIwakiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jang HN, Yang YS, Oh TJ, Koo BK, Lee SO, Park KS, Jang HC, Jung HS. Low fasting glucose-to-estimated average glucose ratio was associated with superior response to insulin degludec/aspart compared with basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:85-93. [PMID: 34291584 PMCID: PMC8756314 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The benefits of once-daily insulin degludec/aspart (IDegAsp) compared with basal insulin in type 2 diabetes patients have not been established. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective observational study. From a basal insulin cohort from three referral hospitals, patients were enrolled who initiated once-daily IDegAsp. A control group maintaining basal insulin was selected by propensity score matching. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) changes over a period of 6 months and associated clinical factors were evaluated. RESULTS The IDegAsp group and the control group comprised of 87 patients, respectively. Baseline HbA1c was comparable between the two groups (8.7 ± 0.9 vs 8.6 ± 0.9%, mean and standard deviation). After 6 months with matched insulin doses, HbA1c in the IDegAsp group was lower than that in the control group (8.1 ± 1.0 vs 8.4 ± 1.1%, P = 0.029). Among baseline variables, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting C-peptide in the IDegAsp were lower than that in the control (FPG 124.2 ± 38.4 vs 148.0 ± 50.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Considering that the lower FPG despite the comparable HbA1c could be related with the efficacy of IDegAsp, subgroup analysis was carried out according to a ratio of FPG-to-estimated average glucose, which is calculated from HbA1c. When compared with each control group, the superiority of IDegAsp in the reduction of HbA1c was significant only in the patients with a lower FPG-to-estimated average glucose ratio (0.49 ± 0.09), but not in those with a higher FPG-to-estimated average glucose ratio (0.79 ± 0.20). CONCLUSIONS We observed that IDegAsp was more effective than basal insulin in patients with an FPG lower than predicted by HbA1c, which might be related with insulin deficiency and postprandial hyperglycemia in patients on basal insulin therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Jang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Ye Seul Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
- Present address:
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineUijeongbu St. Mary’s HospitalUijeongbuKorea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
| | - Bo Kyung Koo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Seong Ok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamKorea
| | - Hye Seung Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulKorea
| |
Collapse
|