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Paschoalotto MAC, Cima J, Costa E, Valente de Almeida S, Gomes da Costa J, Santos JV, Passador CS, Passador JL, Barros PP. Politics and confidence toward the COVID-19 vaccination: A Brazilian cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2318139. [PMID: 38407171 PMCID: PMC10900266 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2318139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study has the aim of assessing the Brazilian perceptions, influencing factors and political positioning on the confidence concerning COVID-19 vaccination. To achieve the objective, the methods rely on a cross-sectional survey of Brazilian citizens, distributed through different social networks. The sample is composed of 1,670 valid responses, collected from almost all Brazilian states and state capitals. To analyze the data and give a clear view of the variables' relationship, the study used bivariate and comparative graphs. Results show a higher level of confidence in vaccines from Pfizer and AstraZeneca, while the lower level of confidence is associated with vaccines from Sinopharm and Sputinik5. Vaccine efficacy is the most significant influencing factor that helps in the decision to get vaccinated. Also, individuals are less willing to get vaccinated if their political preferences are related to the right-wing. The results led to three main health and social implications: i) the vaccination strategy campaigns should take in count vaccine efficacy and political aspects; ii) the vaccination process should be adapted to regions with different political positions; and iii) a reinforcement in the educational policies of the vaccine's importance to the public health, to avoid the politization of a health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Catussi Paschoalotto
- School of Economics and Management, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Research Center in Political Science (CICP), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Cima
- Centre for Research in Economics and Management (NIPE), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Costa
- Nova School of Business and Economics, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Joana Gomes da Costa
- Center for Economics and Finance; School of Economics and Management, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Vasco Santos
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Public Health Unit, ACES Grande Porto VIII - Espinho/Gaia, ARS Norte, Porto, Portugal
| | - Claudia Souza Passador
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Accounting at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Passador
- School of Economics, Business Administration and Accounting at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pita Barros
- Nova School of Business and Economics, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Chacón RD, Sánchez-Llatas CJ, L Pajuelo S, Diaz Forero AJ, Jimenez-Vasquez V, Médico JA, Soto-Ugaldi LF, Astolfi-Ferreira CS, Piantino Ferreira AJ. Molecular characterization of the meq oncogene of Marek's disease virus in vaccinated Brazilian poultry farms reveals selective pressure on prevalent strains. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-13. [PMID: 38465827 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2318198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Marek's disease virus (MDV) has become an increasingly virulent pathogen in the poultry industry despite vaccination efforts to control it. Brazil has experienced a significant rise of Marek's disease (MD) outbreaks in recent years. Our study aimed to analyze the complete meq gene sequences to understand the molecular epidemiological basis of MD outbreaks in Brazilian vaccinated layer farms. We detected a high incidence rate of visceral MD (67.74%) and multiple circulating MDV strains. The most prevalent and geographically widespread genotype presented several clinical and molecular characteristics of a highly virulent strain and evolving under positive selective pressure. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis revealed a closer relationship with strains from the USA and Japan. This study sheds light on the circulation of MDV strains capable of infecting vaccinated birds. We emphasize the urgency of adopting preventive measures to manage MDV outbreaks threatening the poultry farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy D Chacón
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian J Sánchez-Llatas
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea J Diaz Forero
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jack A Médico
- Vertebrate Genome Laboratory, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis F Soto-Ugaldi
- Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Campião KM, Rico JADL, de Souza Monteiro G, Ash LV, Teixeira CP, Gotelli NJ. High prevalence and concomitant infection of Ranavirus and Eustrongylides sp. in the invasive American Bullfrog in Brazil. Parasitol Int 2024; 100:102875. [PMID: 38417736 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
American Bullfrogs, Aquarana catesbeiana, are invasive anuran species distributed worldwide. One of the adverse impacts that this species causes in native communities is as a reservoir host for pathogens and parasites. Here, we report the coinfection of two pathogenic organisms in A. catesbeiana: Ranavirus and the nematode Eustrongylides. Bullfrogs were collected in the wild in a pond close to the urban area of São Paulo, Brazil. The prevalence of both pathogens was high: 77% were infected with ranavirus with a mean viral load of 1010.3 viral copies, and 100% of the bullfrogs were infected by Eustrongylides sp. with a mean intensity of infection of 13.4 specimens per host. Four host specimens (31%) presented pathological signs that seemed to be related to the Eustrongylides sp. infection, such as internal organs adhered to each other due to high intensity and large size of the nematodes, ulcers, and raw flesh wounds caused by the nematode. The pathogenic and concomitant infections have potential zoonotic implications and raise concerns about human infection risks for Eustrongylides infection. Moreover, such infections may represent an additional level of threat to native communities through the potential shifts in patterns of parasite and pathogen transmission. Future research involving the native anuran community is essential to ascertain whether invasive bullfrogs are attenuating or exacerbating diseases such as ranavirosis and eustrongylidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Magalhães Campião
- Biological interactions Lab, Department of Zoology Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Lauren V Ash
- University of Vermont, Department of Biology, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05403, USA
| | - Cauê Pinheiro Teixeira
- Biological interactions Lab, Department of Zoology Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Nicholas J Gotelli
- University of Vermont, Department of Biology, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05403, USA
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Szabó MPJ, Queiroz CL, Suzin A, Rodrigues VDS, Vieira RBK, Martins MM, Rezende LM, Sousa ACP, Ramos VDN, Muraro FM, Fernandes LK, Santos LCM, Maia RDC, Rezende AF. Density and behavior of capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum with notes on Rickettsia bellii infection: Assessing human exposure risk. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102330. [PMID: 38460340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
In several urban and peri‑urban areas of Brazil, populations of Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum ticks are maintained by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). In some of these areas, this host and these tick species are associated with Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), a lethal human disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii. In this work, we evaluated the risk of human exposure to these tick species using four collection techniques to discern host-seeking behavior. The study was carried out in 10 urban sites inhabited by capybaras in Uberlândia, a BSF-free municipality in southeastern Brazil. Ticks were collected in areas of 400 m2 at each site and at three seasons. Within the same municipality, the distance and speed of A. sculptum nymphs moving towards the CO2 traps were evaluated. In a sample of ticks Rickettsia DNA was investigated. During the study period, 52,953 ticks were collected. Among these, 83.4 % were A. sculptum (1,523 adults, 10,545 nymphs and 32,104 larvae) and 16.6 % were A. dubitatum (464 adults, 2,153 nymphs and 6,164 larvae). An average annual questing tick density of 4.4/m² was observed, with the highest density recorded at one site in autumn (31.8/m²) and the lowest in summer at another site (0.03/m²). The visual search yielded the highest proportion of A. sculptum larvae, constituting 47 % of the total and 63.6 % of all A. sculptum larvae. In contrast, CO2 traps collected a greater proportion of nymphs and adults of A. sculptum ticks. In the case of A. dubitatum, the CO2 trap was the most efficient technique with 57.7 % of captures of this species, especially of nymphs (94.5 % of captures) and adults (97.8 % of captures). Ticks' ambush height on vegetation (9 to 77 cm), observed by visual search 30 times, yielded a total of 20,771 ticks. Of these, 28 (93 %) were A. sculptum ticks, with only two (7 %) identified as A. dubitatum ticks. Among A. sculptum ticks, the nymph was the most attracted stage to humans and larva in the case of A. dubitatum. Amblyomma sculptum adults and nymphs were significantly more attracted to humans than those of A. dubitatum, but A. dubitatum larvae were significantly more attracted than the same stage of A. sculptum. The maximum distance and speed of horizontal displacement for A. sculptum nymphs were five meters and 2.0 m/h, respectively. The only species of Rickettsia detected in ticks, exclusively in A. dubitatum, was R. bellii. Importantly, it was observed that the higher the proportion of A. sculptum in the community of ticks, the lower the rate of infection of A. dubitatum by R. bellii. In conclusion, host-seeking behavior differed between the two tick species, as well as between stages of the same species. A greater restriction of A. dubitatum ticks to the soil was observed, while larvae and nymphs of A. sculptum dispersed higher in the vegetation. The behavior presented by A. sculptum provides greater opportunities for contact with the hosts, while A. dubitatum depends more on an active search for a host, the hunter behavior. Taken together, these observations show that a human being crossing an area infested with A. sculptum and A. dubitatum ticks will have almost exclusive contact with A. sculptum larvae and/or nymphs. Humans in a stationary position (sitting, lying or immobile) are exposed to both tick species, but they are more attractive to adults and mainly nymphs of A. sculptum compared to the corresponding stages of the tick A. dubitatum. The negative effect of A. sculptum on A. dubitatum infection by R. bellii deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias P J Szabó
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Lopes Queiroz
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriane Suzin
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius da Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Brauner Kamla Vieira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Clínica e Reprodução, Animal da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Marlene Martins
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais Miguel Rezende
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina P Sousa
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa do Nascimento Ramos
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Marinho Muraro
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lais Keocheguerian Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lorena C M Santos
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Maia
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Rezende
- Laboratório de Ixodologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará, Campus Umuarama-Bloco 6T, CEP 38405-302, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Dominski BH, Raitz MDF, Provenzi MA, Silveira ACDO, Sincero TCM, Ferreira FA. Characterization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116244. [PMID: 38452557 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the characteristics of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Santa Catarina. Findings revealed prevalent SCCmecII and IV, multiresistance, Leucocidin ED genes, and one ST105 isolate. The results indicated that the in-state MRSA isolates showed the same characteristics as the out-of-state isolates among the investigated features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Hech Dominski
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Bacteriana (GeMBac), Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Raitz
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Bacteriana (GeMBac), Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Marcel Afonso Provenzi
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Bacteriana (GeMBac), Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Conrado de Oliveira Silveira
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB). Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140. Itoupava Seca, Blumenau, SC 89030-903, Brazil
| | - Thais Cristine Marques Sincero
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular Aplicada (MIMA); Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Antunes Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Bacteriana (GeMBac), Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-960, Brazil.
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6
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Siqueira TS, Dos Santos AJ, Santos JLC, da Silva RRN, Silva JRS, Santos VS. Scorpion envenomation in Brazil and its relationship with the social determinants of health: A population-based ecological study. Acta Trop 2024; 253:107165. [PMID: 38428629 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This study comprehensively analyzed cases of scorpion envenomation in Brazil, exploring the temporal trends and geographic patterns of such incidents between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2022. Simultaneously, we assessed the correlation between scorpion envenomation and social determinants of health and social vulnerability. We conducted a population-based ecological study, gathering information on the number of scorpion envenomation cases in Brazil, as well as socioeconomic data and social vulnerability indicators across the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities. The season-trend model, based on the classical additive decomposition method, informed estimations of scorpion envenomation variations over time. The spatial correlation of scorpion envenomation with socioeconomic and vulnerability indicators was assessed using the Bivariate Moran's I. A total of 1,343,224 cases of scorpion envenomation were recorded in Brazil from Jan 2012 to Dec 2022. A single increasing time trend was observed for the entire country for this period (APC 8.94, P < 0.001). The seasonal analysis was significant for Brazil as a whole and all regions (p < 0.001), with peaks evident between October and November. The spatial distribution of cases was heterogeneous, with spatial clusters concentrated in the high-risk Southeast and Northeast regions. There was a high incidence of scorpion envenomation in municipalities facing social vulnerability, and, paradoxically, in those with better sanitation and waste collection. Our study revealed a heterogeneous geographical distribution of scorpion accidents in Brazil. Municipalities with higher social vulnerability exhibited a high incidence of scorpion envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano José Dos Santos
- Malacology of Vectors Graduate Program, Institute of Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Rodrigo Santos Silva
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Santana Santos
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-676, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, Brazil; Applied Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000, Brazil.
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7
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Silva-Neto LGR, Silva Júnior AED, Bueno NB, Florêncio TMDMT. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with food addiction in Brazilian women living in poverty. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1421-1424. [PMID: 38185816 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) has been widely investigated. For the first time, two studies reported its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the general population and populations with mental disorders and undergoing bariatric surgery. However, the relationship between FA and DM2 needs to be better explored in different social contexts and population groups. Given this, the present study aims to evaluate whether DM2 diagnosis is associated with FA diagnosis in women living in poverty. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in a Brazilian capital city. FA was assessed by the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS) 2.0, and DM2 diagnosis was assessed by self-reporting of previous medical diagnosis. The association was assessed by multivariable Poisson regression with robust variance estimation adjusted for age, poverty situation, race/skin colour, physical activity and BMI. A total of 1878 women were included, of whom 15·1 % had FA and 3·2 % had a medical diagnosis of DM2. In the multivariable analysis, the medical diagnosis of DM2 was associated with FA (prevalence ratio, PR: 2·18; 95 % CI (1·26, 3·76)). The DM2 diagnosis was also identified to be associated with role interference (PR: 1·93; 95 % CI (1·01, 3·67)) symptom of FA. In conclusion, a positive association between FA and DM2 in women living in poverty was observed, information that adds to the current evidence already available in the literature, pointing to a new line of research and integrated care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Eduardo da Silva Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo (LANUM), Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo (LANUM), Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas57072-900, Brazil
| | - Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas57072-900, Brazil
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Sánchez-Luquez KY, Carpena MX, Karam SM, Martins-Silva T, Barros FC, de Oliveira IO, Santos IS, Barros AJD, Matijasevich A, Tovo-Rodrigues L. Evaluation of genomic factors and early childhood stimulation on intelligence in children from a Brazilian birth cohort: The primary role of independent factors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110932. [PMID: 38169242 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cognitive abilities are a predictor of health outcomes and adult income potential. Identifying factors associated with childhood intelligence and their interactions is essential in behavioral research. We assessed the impact of genetic variants and early child stimulation (ECS) on child intelligence and examined their possible interaction as potential modifiers of IQ in a population-based longitudinal study. METHODS Participants of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort study (N = 4231) underwent intelligent quotient (IQ) by WISC-III assessment at 6 years of age. At 24 and 48-months, mothers answered five ECS marker questions, whose sum was used to create a score. The polygenic score for intelligence (IQ-PGS) was constructed from the GWAS-weighted estimate of cognition. Association was assessed using multiple linear regression models adjusted for maternal, family, and child confounding variables. To explore the possible influence of skin color and ethnoracial classification, the regression models were stratified according to the skin color variable, as a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS In the adjusted analysis, IQ-PGS (β = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.26;1.31) as well as ECS (β = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.76;2.92) were associated with IQ in this sample. The association between IQ-PGS and IQ was significant only in the white Brazilian group in the sensitivity analysis. However, there was no interaction between IQ-PGS and ECS on IQ (p(IQ-PGS x ECS) = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS ECS did not modify the impact of genetic potential on intellectual development during childhood, suggesting that genetic factors and ECS exert independent effects on the IQ levels of children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Xavier Carpena
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Simone M Karam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Thais Martins-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Barros
- Post Graduate Program in Health in the Vital Cycle, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Isabel O de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Iná S Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Aluísio J D Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Pelotas, Brazil.
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Soares PSM, de Barros AJD, Dos Santos I, Matijasevich A, Wehrmeister FC, Menezes AMB, Gonçalves H, Hartwig FP. Maternal mental health and offspring's IQ: Evidence from two Brazilian birth cohorts. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:151-157. [PMID: 38246278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Maternal mental health during different stages of life can have a significant impact on a child's cognitive development. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal CMD at two distinct stages of the offspring's life (at 3 months and 11 years) and their IQ scores at 6 and 18 years across two birth cohorts. The study utilized data from two Brazilian birth cohorts: the 1993 cohort (full sample: N = 3719, subsample: N = 436), and the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort (N = 3440). IQ assessments were conducted at ages 18 and 6, employing the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third version (WAIS-III), and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, third version (WISC-III), respectively. The presence of maternal CMD at 3 months and 11 years of age was evaluated using the Brazilian version of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). After adjustment, participants whose mothers experienced CMD at 3 months had average IQ scores 1.74 (95 % CI: -2.83 to -0.67) and 2.79 (95 % CI: -5.54 to -0.04) points lower at ages 6 (2004 cohort) and 18 (1993 cohort subsample), respectively. Furthermore, in the 1993 cohort (both full and subsample), maternal CMD at 11 years was associated with lower IQ scores at age 18. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this association, emphasized by these findings, is crucial for promoting children's cognitive development, educational achievement, and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro San Martin Soares
- Programa de pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | | | - Iná Dos Santos
- Programa de pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Programa de pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helen Gonçalves
- Programa de pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pires Hartwig
- Programa de pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Wen B, Ademi Z, Wu Y, Xu R, Yu P, Ye T, Coêlho MDSZS, Saldiva PHN, Guo Y, Li S. Ambient PM 2.5 and productivity-adjusted life years lost in Brazil: a national population-based study. J Hazard Mater 2024; 467:133676. [PMID: 38354440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Enormous health burden has been associated with air pollution and its effects continue to grow. However, the impact of air pollution on labour productivity at the population level is still unknown. This study assessed the association between premature death due to PM2.5 exposure and the loss of productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs), in Brazil. We applied a novel variant of the difference-in-difference (DID) approach to assess the association. Daily all-cause mortality data in Brazil were collected from 2000-2019. The PALYs lost increased by 5.11% (95% CI: 4.10-6.13%), for every 10 µg/m3 increase in the 2-day moving average of PM2.5. A total of 9,219,995 (95% CI: 7,491,634-10,921,141) PALYs lost and US$ 268.05 (95% CI: 217.82-317.50) billion economic costs were attributed to PM2.5 exposure, corresponding to 7.37% (95% CI: 5.99-8.73%) of the total PALYs lost due to premature death. This study also found that 5,005,306 PALYs could be avoided if the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline (AQG) level was met. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ambient PM2.5 exposure is associated with a considerable labour productivity burden relating to premature death in Brazil, while over half of the burden could be prevented if the WHO AQG was met. The findings highlight the need to reduce ambient PM2.5 levels and provide strong evidence for the development of strategies to mitigate the economic impacts of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wen
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Zanfina Ademi
- Health Economics and Policy Evaluation Research (HEPER) Group, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kuopio Campus, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yao Wu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | | | | | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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11
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Rosi Junior J, Gomes Dos Santos A, Solla DJF, Rabelo NN, da Silva SA, Iglesio RF, Caldas JGMP, Teixeira MJ, Figueiredo EG. Cavernous carotid aneurysms do not influence the occurrence of upstream ipsilateral aneurysm. Br J Neurosurg 2024; 38:205-207. [PMID: 33170054 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1820950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCA) comprehend around 5% of all intracranial aneurysms. The main risk factors for an intracranial aneurysm seem not to influence the incidence of CCAs. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of CCAs and the presence of upstream aneurysms. METHODS 1403 patients, admitted in Hospital das Clinicas de São Paulo, Brazil, from September 2009 to August 2018, enrolled this study. Diagnosis was performed with Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). Upstream aneurysm was defined as an intracranial aneurysm on anterior cerebral circulation, ipsilateral to the CCA (if present) or crossing the midline (e.g. anterior communicating artery). RESULTS 177 individuals were diagnosed with CCA (12.6% of the population), totalizing 225 aneurysms (10% of the total number of aneurysms, 2253). No association was found between CCA and UA (p= .090, OR: 1.323, 95% CI: 0.957-1.828). Studying only patients with CCA, multivariable analysis showed smoking as the only factor associated with UA (p= .010, OR: 0.436, 95% CI: 0.232-0.821). CONCLUSIONS Cavernous carotid aneurysms were present in 12% of our population, mostly in female. They seem to be independent of the modifiable risk factors already associated with intracranial aneurysms. A higher frequency of mirror aneurysms was seen in this location. CCA did not influence the presence of ipsilateral and anterior circulation aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Rosi Junior
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Davi Jorge Fontoura Solla
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Saul Almeida da Silva
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ferrareto Iglesio
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo
- Division of Neurological Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Tillmann TFF, de Camargo MBJ, Cascaes AM, Barros AJD, Santos IS, Corrêa MB, Matijasevich A, D'Ávila OP, Silva AER. Perception of parents and caregivers about the need for dental appointments for adolescents from a Brazilian birth cohort. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:217-223. [PMID: 37861237 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the perception of parents or caregivers regarding the need for dental appointments for adolescents aged 12-13 years and associated factors. METHODS Data from the Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort were used. The outcome variable was the need for dental appointments for young adolescents perceived by parents or caregivers. Demographic and economic exposure variables were obtained from the first (2004) and sixth general follow-up (2015), respectively. The exposure variables 'previous history of dental pain', 'self-rated oral health', clinical variables and the outcome variable were obtained from the second oral health follow-up (2017). Unadjusted and adjusted multivariate Poisson regression analyses provided prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS At the first oral health follow-up (2009), 1303 five-year-old children were recruited, 996 of whom were reassessed and underwent oral health examinations at 12 and 13 years of age (response rate: 76.4%). The findings showed that 72.4% of parents/caregivers perceived that the adolescents needed dental appointments. No associations were found between the outcome and sociodemographic or economic variables. After adjustments, the outcome remained positively associated with previous history of toothache (PR 1.22; 95% CI 1.14-1.32), self-rated oral health as fair or poor (PR 1.26; 95% CI 1.15-1.39), the presence of dental caries (PR 1.27; 95% CI 1.20-1.38) and severe or disabling malocclusion (PR 1.14; 95% CI 1.05-1.25). CONCLUSIONS The perception of parents/caregivers regarding the need for dental appointments on the part of their adolescent sons and daughters was associated with oral health problems, and these findings can serve as the basis for creating and improving oral health programmes that seek a better understanding on the part of parents and caregivers regarding the importance of integral care for their adolescent children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aluísio J D Barros
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Iná S Santos
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Britto Corrêa
- Postgraduate Programme in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otávio Pereira D'Ávila
- Postgraduate Programme in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Fernandes GL, da Silva Vallim JR, D'Almeida V, Tufik S, Andersen ML. The effects of social jetlag and sleep variability on sleepiness in a population-based study: The mediating role of sleep debt. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14043. [PMID: 37691450 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Sleepiness is a multicausal condition, and previous research has highlighted associations between this symptom and the circadian timing system, specifically concerning social jetlag and sleep variability. Recent inquiries have shown that the effects of social jetlag on sleepiness can be confounded with the consequences of sleep debt. In light of the current evidence, we aimed to assess the effects of social jetlag and sleep variability on sleepiness and the potential mediating role of sleep debt. We used data from the EPISONO study, a cross-sectional population-based study with a sample size of 1042 participants, representative of the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants completed the UNIFESP Sleep Questionnaire (self-reported bedtime and get-up time) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (subjective daytime sleepiness). Subsequently, sleep-corrected mid-sleep time (chronotype), total sleep time, social jetlag (absolute difference between the mid-sleep time on workdays and mid-sleep time on free days), sleep variability (standard deviation of mid-sleep time), and sleep debt (difference between total sleep time on workdays and free days) were calculated. Generalised linear models were used to test whether social jetlag and sleep variability affected sleepiness. Mediation models were used to determine if any observed significant effects were mediated by sleep debt. The prevalence of social jetlag was 23% for >1 h and 12% for >2 h. The mean sleep variability was 41 ± 30 min. Social jetlag had a significant effect on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores. This association was no longer statistically significant after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, work schedule, and chronotype. A significant indirect effect of social jetlag on sleep debt and subsequently on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores was found. No effect of sleep variability on sleepiness could be identified. In conclusion, the association between social jetlag and sleepiness was mediated by sleep debt but was not independent of demographic, work, and chronotype variables. This study provides new evidence on the importance of circadian misalignment and sleep debt for sleep health on a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vânia D'Almeida
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva AR, Hoffmann NG, Fernandez-Llimos F, Lima EC. Data quality review of the Brazilian nosocomial infections surveillance system. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:687-695. [PMID: 38471259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is an essential component of hospital infection prevention and control systems. We aimed to assess the quality of the data compiled by the Brazilian HAI Surveillance System from pediatric (PICUs) and neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), between 2012 and 2021. METHODS Data Quality Review, including adherence, completeness, internal consistency, consistency over time, and consistency of population trend, were computed at both national and state levels based on quality metrics from World Health Organization Toolkit. Incidence rates (or incidence density) of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) were obtained from the Brazilian National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system. Data on sepsis-related mortality, spanning the period from 2012 to 2021, were extracted from the Brazilian National Health Service database (DATASUS). Additionally, correlations between sepsis-related mortality and incidence rates of VAP or CLABSI were calculated. RESULTS Throughout the majority of the study period, adherence to VAP reporting remained below 75%, exhibiting a positive trend post-2016. Widespread outliers, as well as inconsistencies over time and in population trends, were evident across all 27 states. Only four states maintained consistent adherence levels above 75% for more than 8 years regarding HAI incidence rates. Notably, CLABSI in NICUs boasted the highest reporting adherence among all HAIs, with 148 periods out of 270 (54.8%) exhibiting reporting adherence surpassing 75%. Three states achieved commendable metrics for CLABSI in PICUs, while five states demonstrated favorable results for CLABSI in NICUs. CONCLUSIONS While adherence to HAI report is improving among Brazilian states, an important room for improvement in the Brazilian NNIS exists. Additional efforts should be made by the Brazilian government to improve the reliability of HAI data, which could serve as valuable guidance for hospital infection prevention and control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ramos Silva
- Pharmacy School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO), Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Wanderlei-Flores B, Rey-Brandariz J, Rodrigues Pinto Corrêa PC, Ruano-Ravina A, Guerra-Tort C, Candal-Pedreira C, Varela-Lema L, Montes A, Pérez-Ríos M. Smoking-attributable mortality by sex in the 27 Brazilian federal units: 2019. Public Health 2024; 229:24-32. [PMID: 38382178 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to estimate smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in the population aged 35 years and over in Brazil's 27 federal units by sex, in 2019. STUDY DESIGN This is an attributable mortality analysis. METHODS We applied a method dependent on the prevalence of smoking, based on the population attributable fractions. Data on mortality due to causes causally related to smoking were derived from Brazil's Death Registry, data on prevalence of smoking from a survey conducted in Brazil in 2019, and data on relative risks from five US cohorts. Crude and age-adjusted SAM rates were calculated by sex. Estimates of SAM were calculated by specific causes of death and major mortality groups for each federal unit by sex. RESULTS In 2019, smoking caused 480 deaths per day in Brazil. Although the SAM varied among the federal units, the pattern is not clear, with the greatest difference being between Rio Grande do Sul (crude rate: 248.8/100,000 inhabitants) and Amazonas (106.0/100,000). When the rates were adjusted by age, the greatest differences were observed between Acre (271.1/100,000) and Distrito Federal (131.1/100,000). SAM was higher in males; however, while the main specific cause of SAM in men was ischemic heart disease, in women it was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The major mortality group having the greatest impact on SAM across all federal units was the cardiometabolic diseases. CONCLUSIONS The variability in the burden of SAM in the different regions of Brazil reaffirms the need for SAM data disaggregated at the geographic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wanderlei-Flores
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Rey-Brandariz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - A Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Guerra-Tort
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Candal-Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Varela-Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Montes
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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16
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de Souza Sá ÁR, Santos Branco DK. Social fund and infant mortality: Evidence from an anti-poverty policy in Northeast Brazil. Health Econ 2024; 33:674-695. [PMID: 38148733 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the effects of a social fund that meets the needs of the poor in Northeast Brazil, the Fundos Estaduais de Combate e Erradicação da Pobreza (FECEP). The program could have improved infant health by reducing poverty and improving access to health care, sanitation, food, and housing. Using a difference-in-differences approach robust to heterogeneous treatment effects, we confirm that the program has effectively reduced poverty in treated areas. Furthermore, we document that this poverty reduction is associated with a significant decline in infant mortality. These findings provide consistent evidence that targeted public investments can improve living conditions in vulnerable regions.
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Pestana JM, Cristelli MP, Tedesco Silva H. The Challenges of Risk Aversion in Kidney Transplantation: Lessons From the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Brazil. Transplantation 2024; 108:813-818. [PMID: 38526427 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- José Medina Pestana
- Hospital do Rim, Fundação Oswaldo Ramos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Helio Tedesco Silva
- Hospital do Rim, Fundação Oswaldo Ramos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Bauer A, Martins RC, Hammerton G, Hoffmann MS, Cardoso AS, Colvara C, Hartmann CF, Calegaro G, Perrone LR, Aurélio N, Menezes AMB, Murray J. Adverse childhood experiences and crime outcomes in early adulthood: A multi-method approach in a Brazilian birth cohort. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115809. [PMID: 38401487 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate alternative approaches to a cumulative risk score in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and crime. Using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort (n = 3236), we measured 12 ACEs up to 15 years, and past-year violent and non-violent crime at 22 years. We used four analytical approaches: single adversities, cumulative risk, latent class analysis, and network analysis. When examined individually, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and domestic violence were associated with both crime outcomes, whereas maternal mental illness and discrimination were associated with violent crime only, and parental divorce and poverty with non-violent crime only. There was a cumulative effect of ACEs on crime. The class with child maltreatment and household challenges was associated with both crime outcomes; exposure to household challenges and social risks was associated with violent crime only. In network models, crime showed conditional associations with physical abuse, maternal mental illness, and parental divorce. Although cumulative ACEs did associate with crime, some individual and combinations of ACEs showed particularly strong and robust effects, which were not captured by the cumulative score. Many ACEs are closely connected and/or cluster together, and the usefulness of the ACE score needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bauer
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Costa Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Gemma Hammerton
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maurício Scopel Hoffmann
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Mental Health Epidemiology Group (MHEG), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andressa Souza Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Camila Colvara
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Calegaro
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rodrigues Perrone
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Nilvia Aurélio
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana M B Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Joseph Murray
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
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Hasegawa ME, Obana KK, Ishikawa KM, Tamate TM, Chang SB, Crawford SN. Increasing trend in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu injuries presenting to U.S. emergency departments - a 10-year analysis and injury profile. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2024; 52:167-174. [PMID: 36995123 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2023.2197898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate injury trends in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) participation by presenting to U.S. emergency departments over a 10-year period and formulate an injury profile. METHODS The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for martial arts related injuries from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021. Codes and narratives were examined to compile data for patients sustaining BJJ-related injuries. RESULTS From 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021 there were 7,722 (NE = 282,315) ED-diagnosed martial arts related injuries with 911 (NE = 36,023) BJJ-related injuries identified. Regression analysis demonstrated an increasing trend in the annual incidence of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu injuries presenting to the ED (R2 = 0.934; SE = 2.069: p < .0001). Average age was 25.68 years of age (range 4-83). The most common injury diagnoses were sprains/strains and other/not listed at 27.68% and 26.39%. The most commonly injured body parts were the upper trunk, and the shoulder comprising 13.66% and 12.14% of injured body parts, respectively. The most commonly fractured region was toes, at 14.15% of all fractures. The most common dislocations occurred at the shoulder and knee, at 32.49% and 28.45% of dislocations, respectively. The most common mechanisms of injury specifically identified were indeterminate contact between players, fall onto ground, or fall onto another player comprising 18.62% and 17.17%, of injuries, respectively. CONCLUSION There was an increasing trend of BJJ-related injuries presenting to U.S. Emergency Departments. The most common diagnoses and body parts injured were sprains/strains and upper trunk and shoulder, respectively. The most commonly fractured and dislocated regions were toes and shoulder, respectively. The most common mechanisms of injury were indeterminate contact or falling. This study provides novel information concerning trends in injury and injury profiles for Brazilian Jiu Jitsu related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Hasegawa
- University of Hawai'i, Division of Orthopaedics- Department of Surgery, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kyle K Obana
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kyle M Ishikawa
- John A. Burns School of Medicine Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Trent M Tamate
- University of Hawai'i, Division of Orthopaedics- Department of Surgery, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Shaun B Chang
- University of Washington Department of Orthopaedics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott N Crawford
- University of Hawai'i, Division of Orthopaedics- Department of Surgery, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Straub Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Bone and Joint Centers, Hawai'i Pacific Health, Honolulu, HI, USA
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20
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Possamai Della A, Prado J. Areas of endemism of Pteridaceae (Polypodiopsida) in Brazil: a first approach. Cladistics 2024; 40:157-180. [PMID: 38124237 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Areas of endemism (AoE) comprise regions host to two or more endemic taxa, whose distributional limits are congruent and not random. These areas are important for two reasons: they comprise the smallest geographic units for biogeographic analyses and they are priority targets for conservation actions. Ferns are a monophyletic group that despite having a wide geographic distribution, concentrates great species richness and endemism in some regions (centres). The southern and southeastern regions of Brazil comprise one of these centres for the Neotropics. This study aims to verify the AoE of Pteridaceae in Brazil and examine whether the results obtained here are congruent with areas already delimited for other groups and whether there is spatial correspondence between the AoE and Conservation Units. To this end, a database was created with collection records of the 205 Pteridaceae species occurring in Brazil based on a review of herbaria. We analysed 23 815 records for 205 Pteridaceae species using Endemicity Analysis (NDM-VNDM), selecting the fill and assumed parameters, and 1°, 2° and 3° grid-cells. The consensus of 158 AoE, using different grid sizes, was calculated, and subsequently, generalized AoE were established. The Guiana Shield, southern Brazil, southeastern Brazil, and southeastern Bahia were considered generalized AoE. These areas correspond to those found for animals and angiosperms, and in previous studies with ferns. Furthermore, two areas, Acre and Mato Grosso do Sul, were recovered only on grids with 2° and 3°. It will be essential to conduct more research to confirm the persistence of both AoE (Acre and Mato Grosso do Sul), especially after expanding sampling. Most endemic species distribution points occur outside protected areas, demonstrating an alarming situation regarding the conservation of these taxa. In addition, fern distribution data could (and should) be used in conservation practices, programmes and policies, given that they are good ecological indicators and that the distribution of ferns may not reflect that of angiosperms and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Possamai Della
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Prado
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Herbário SP, Av. Miguel Estéfano 3687, CEP 04301-012, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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21
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Altafim ERP, Castro MC, Rocha HAL, Correia LL, de Aquino CM, Sampaio EGM, Machado MMT. Relationships Between Mental Health, Negative Feelings of COVID-19, and Parenting Among Pregnant Women in Fortaleza, Brazil. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:609-616. [PMID: 37938442 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, the literature highlighted an increased risk of child abuse and the use of negative parenting practices. Furthermore, pregnancy during this time may have been challenging and generated different feelings regarding the pandemic and motherhood. Many pregnant women had other young children, underscoring the need to understand this scenario better. Therefore, the present study examined the predictive effect of indicators of mental health disorders, emotional discomfort with motherhood, and negative perceptions of COVID-19 on negative parenting practices. METHODS The study used a cross-sectional design. Pregnant women (n = 303) who had other children younger than six years answered an online questionnaire during the physical distancing period due to COVID-19 in Fortaleza. A partially latent structural equation model (SEM) was used to test direct and indirect relations between the variables. RESULTS The results revealed a direct positive relation between maternal mental health and the variables COVID-19 feelings, emotional discomfort with motherhood, and negative parenting practices. The stronger relationship was between maternal mental health and emotional discomfort with motherhood. The COVID-19 negative feelings also showed a direct positive relation to emotional discomfort with motherhood. Additionally, older mothers and those with fewer children tended to have less mental health disorders. Furthermore, being in a later trimester of pregnancy was linked to more negative feelings about motherhood. DISCUSSION The study suggests that mothers experiencing mental health challenges are more likely to feel discomfort with motherhood and use negative parenting practices, highlighting a need for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim
- Mental Health Program, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Av. Tenente Catão Roxo, 2650, Ribeirão Preto, 14051-140, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto Para a Valorização da Educação e da Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Santo André, Brazil.
| | - Marcia C Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Luciano Lima Correia
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Camila Machado de Aquino
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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22
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Nath S, Thomson WM, Baker SR, Jamieson LM. A bibliometric analysis of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology: Fifty years of publications. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:171-180. [PMID: 37798876 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In celebration of the journal's 50th anniversary, the aim of the study was to review the whole collection of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology (CDOE) publications from 1973 to 2022 and provide a complete overview of the main publication characteristics. METHODS The study used bibliometric techniques such as performance and science mapping analysis of 3428 articles extracted from the Scopus database. The data were analysed using the 'Bibliometrix' package in R. The journal's scientific production was examined, along with the yearly citation count, the distribution of publications based on authors, the corresponding author's country and affiliation and citation count, citing source and keywords. Bibliometric network maps were constructed to determine the conceptual, intellectual and social collaborative structure over the past 50 years. The trending research topics and themes were identified. RESULTS The total number of articles and average citations has increased over the years. D Locker, AJ Spencer, A Sheiham and WM Thomson were the most frequently published authors, and PE Petersen, GD Slade and AI Ismail published papers with the highest citations. The most published countries were the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada, frequently engaging in collaborative efforts. The most common keywords used were 'dental caries', 'oral epidemiology' and 'oral health'. The trending topics were healthcare and health disparities, social determinants of health, systematic review and health inequalities. Epidemiology, oral health and disparities were highly researched areas. CONCLUSION This bibliometric study reviews CDOE's significant contribution to dental public health by identifying key research trends, themes, influential authors and collaborations. The findings provide insights into the need to increase publications from developing countries, improve gender diversity in authorship and broaden the scope of research themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Nath
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Sarah R Baker
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lisa M Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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23
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Uhlig SE, Rodrigues MK, Oliveira MF, Tanaka C. Timing to out-of-bed mobilization and mobility levels of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU: Experiences in Brazilian clinical practice. Physiother Theory Pract 2024; 40:865-873. [PMID: 36562697 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2160680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was scarce data about clinical/functional conditions during hospitalization or after hospital discharge. Little was known about COVID-19 repercussions and how to do early mobilization in intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE Identify the time to the initiation of out-of-bed mobilization and the levels of mobility (sitting over the edge of the bed, sitting in a chair, standing, and ambulating) reached by critically ill patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization and the factors that could impact early mobilization. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study of patients with COVID-19 in the ICU. RESULTS There were 157 surviving COVID-19 patients included in the study (median age: 61 years; median ICU length of stay: 12 days). The median time to initiate out-of-bed mobilization in the ICU was 6 days; between patients who received mechanical ventilation (MV) compared with those who did not, this time was 8 vs. 2.5 days (p < .001). Most patients who used MV were mobilized after extubation (79.6%). During ICU stays, 88.0% of all patients were mobilized out of bed, and 41.0% were able to ambulate either with assistance or independently. The time to initiate out-of-bed mobilization is associated with sedation time and MV time. CONCLUSION Despite the pandemic scenario, patients were quickly mobilized out of bed, and most of the patients achieved higher mobility levels in the ICU and at hospital discharge. Sedation time and MV time were associated with delays in initiating mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suélen E Uhlig
- VO2 Care Research Group, Physiotherapy Unit, Physiotherapy Hospital Company and Care, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Communication Science and Disorders, Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel K Rodrigues
- VO2 Care Research Group, Physiotherapy Unit, Physiotherapy Hospital Company and Care, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Communication Science and Disorders, Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayron F Oliveira
- VO2 Care Research Group, Physiotherapy Unit, Physiotherapy Hospital Company and Care, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Communication Science and Disorders, Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Science Division, Exercise Science, Lyon College, Batesville, AR, USA
| | - Clarice Tanaka
- Department of Physiotherapy, Communication Science and Disorders, Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Malta DC, Gomes CS, Felisbino-Mendes MS, Veloso GA, Machado IE, Cardoso LDO, Azeredo RT, Jaime PC, Vasconcelos LLCD, Naghavi M, Ribeiro ALP. Undernutrition, and overweight and obesity: the two faces of malnutrition in Brazil, analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, 1990 to 2019. Public Health 2024; 229:176-184. [PMID: 38452562 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to analyse the global burden of disease attributable to undernutrition and high body mass index (BMI) in Brazil and its 27 states, as well as its association with the socio-demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN This is an epidemiological time-series study. METHODS This study analysed the undernutrition and high BMI estimated by the Global Burden of Disease study conducted from 1990 to 2019 for Brazil and its states, using the following metrics: absolute number of deaths, standardised mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). This study also analysed the correlation between the percentage variation of mortality rates and SDI. RESULTS A decrease in the number of deaths (-75 %), mortality rate (-75.1 %), and DALYS (-72 %) attributable to undernutrition was found in Brazil and in all regions. As regarding the high BMI, an increase in the number of deaths was found (139.6 %); however, the mortality rate (-9.7) and DALYs (-6.4 %) declined in all regions, except in the North and Northeast regions, which showed an increase. A strong correlation was identified between undernutrition and high BMI with SDI. CONCLUSION Our study observed a double burden of malnutrition in Brazil, with a reduction in the burden of diseases due to malnutrition in Brazil and variation in the burden due to high BMI according to the socioeconomic status of the region. Public policies are necessary in order to guarantee the human right to a healthy and sustainable diet, together with food and nutrition security and a diminishing of social inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Malta
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infatil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - C S Gomes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M S Felisbino-Mendes
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infatil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - G A Veloso
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Estatística, Brazil.
| | - I E Machado
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
| | - L de O Cardoso
- Secretaria de vigilância em saúde e ambiente, Ministério da Saúde, Brasilia/DF, Brazil.
| | - R T Azeredo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - P C Jaime
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - M Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - A L P Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clinica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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25
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Teixeira JVDS, Bonfim FCG, Vancine MH, Ribeiro MC, Oliveira LDC. Effect of landscape attributes on the occurrence of the endangered golden-headed lion tamarin in southern Bahia, Brazil. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23588. [PMID: 38143424 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is an endangered primate that occurs exclusively in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil. Its geographic range has been severely reduced by deforestation and its populations are restricted to a human-modified landscape consisting primarily of Atlantic forest fragments and shade cacao (Theobroma cacao) agroforestry, locally known as cabrucas. In the last 30 years, there has been a 42% reduction in the geographic range and a 60% reduction in the population size of L. chrysomelas, with only 8% of its habitat represented by protected areas. Thus, we investigated the occurrence of L. chrysomelas in forest fragments and cabrucas based on interviews and using playback census, and evaluated the influence of landscape attributes on its occurrence. The occurrence was measured using a Generalized Linear Model using a set of 12 predictor variables, including fragment size and elevation. L. chrysomelas inhabited 186 (38%) of the 495 forest fragments and cabrucas. Most inhabited habitat patches (n = 169, 91%) are in the eastern portion (ca. 70 km wide region from the Atlantic coast to inland) of its geographic range. The remaining (n = 17, 9%) are in the western portion of the distribution, between 70 and 150 km from the Atlantic coast. Our models indicate a higher occurrence of L. chrysomelas in the eastern portion of its geographic range, where the landscape exhibits lower land cover diversity, greater functional connectivity, lower altitudes (<400 m), and is primarily composed of forest fragments and cabrucas with a higher core percentage. In contrast, we observed a lower occurrence of L. chrysomelas in the western portion, where the landscape is more diverse and heterogeneous due to anthropogenic activities, such as agriculture and livestock. We urge the establishment of ecological corridors via reforestation of degraded areas in the western portion of the range. This increase in habitat availability and suitability in the west together with the protection of the forests and cabrucas in the east would increase our chances of saving L. chrysomelas from extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanison Vicente Dos Santos Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Laboratório de Etnoconservação e Áreas Protegidas, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Almada Mata Atlântica Project, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Pós-doutorando no Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Fernando César Gonçalves Bonfim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada à Conservação, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Maurício Humberto Vancine
- Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
- Centro de Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Milton C Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
- Centro de Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Leonardo de C Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- Bicho do Mato Instituto de Pesquisa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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26
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Maruyama JM, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Santos IS, Murray J, Matijasevich A. Adolescent Mental Health Before and During COVID-19: Longitudinal Evidence From the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Brazil. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:729-738. [PMID: 38310505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is great interest in examining the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health, but most studies were conducted in high-income countries. The identification of overall effects and protective factors is essential to understand the determinants of mental wellbeing in contexts of stress. We aimed to study changes in adolescent mental health during the pandemic and the risk and protective factors associated with these changes in a Brazilian birth cohort. METHODS One thousand nine hundred forty nine adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort were assessed prepandemic (T1, November 2019 to March 2020, mean age 15.69 years) and mid-pandemic (T2, August to December 2021, mean age 17.41 years). Mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Prepandemic and pandemic-related predictors were examined as predictors of change in multivariate latent change scores models. RESULTS There was a mean increase in adolescent total mental health difficulties (M = 1.071, p < .001), hyperactivity/inattention (M = 0.208, p < .001), emotion symptoms (M = 0.409, p < .001), and peer problems (M = 0.434, p < .001) during the pandemic. This increase was associated with several negative family context variables, including harsh parenting and maternal depressive symptoms at T2. Higher emotion regulation levels protected against increases in adolescent mental health difficulties related to the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION Family-context variables emerged as important risk factors for the deterioration of adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions promoting emotion regulation strategies are a promising approach to protecting adolescent wellbeing in periods of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mayumi Maruyama
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Iná S Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Joseph Murray
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Brazilian Dialysis Survey (BDS) is an annual national survey about patients on chronic dialysis that contributes to health policies. OBJECTIVE To report the 2022 epidemiological data from the BDS of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (BSN). METHODS A survey was carried out in Brazilian chronic dialysis centers using an online questionnaire that included clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients on chronic dialysis, dialysis therapy data, and dialysis center characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 28% (n = 243) of the centers answered the questionnaire. In July 2022, the estimated total number of patients on dialysis was 153,831. The estimated prevalence and incidence rates of patients per million population (pmp) were 758 and 214, respectively. Of the prevalent patients, 95.3% were on hemodialysis (HD, 4.6% of these on hemodiafiltration) and 4.7% on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Only 1.3% of patients were not vaccinated against COVID-19. The prevalence of anemia (Hb < 10g/dL) was 27% and hyperphosphatemia (P > 5.5mg/dL) reached 30%. The estimated overall crude annual mortality rate was 17.1%. CONCLUSIONS The absolute number and prevalence rate of patients on chronic dialysis continue to increase. A growing number of patients were receiving hemodiafiltration. The mortality rate decreased, probably due to the end of COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusions were drawn in the context of relatively low voluntary participation, which imposed methodological limitations on our estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Sesso
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Gomes ECDS, da Silva IEP, de Araújo HDA, Barbosa CS. Malacological, socio-environmental evaluation, and evidence of local transmission and maintenance of schistosomiasis in an urban area of Northeast Brazil. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107145. [PMID: 38336344 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
To present the current epidemiological scenario of schistosomiasis related to urban transmission through an epidemiological risk assessment in Porto de Galinhas, a coastal area of Pernambuco, Brazil. Malacological and parasitological surveys were performed between the years 2018 and 2020. Snails were identified taxonomically and examined to confirm infection by Schistosoma mansoni, and so to identify Schistosomiasis Transmission Foci (STF) by the artificial light exposure technique. Stool samples were examined using the Kato-Katz method to identify schistosomiasis cases. Socioeconomic, environmental, behavioural and health data were collected by a questionnaire applied to participates in the survey and used to predict the schistosomiasis risk occurrence by multivariate logistic regression. In all, a total of 6466 snails of Biomphalaria glabrata were collected and 36 breeding sites were identified, of which 25 % were STF. A total of 2236 individuals took part of the survey which identified 187 cases of schistosomiasis, registering a positivity percentage of 8.36 %. The surveys identified the neighbourhoods with the highest risk for transmission while the socioenvironmental analysis identifies other risk factors for disease occurrence, such as gender, age range, level of education and absence of water drainage. We found that areas with poor sanitation, flooding during winter periods and dwellings located near mangroves should be treated by health authorities as priority areas for health interventions to minimize disease transmission. In addition, efforts to improve the population's educational level could certainly contribute to the adoption of measures to prevent and control this neglected tropical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elainne Christine de Souza Gomes
- Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Fiocruz - Ministry of Health, Cidade Universitária, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, CEP: 50.740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Iris Edna Pereira da Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Fiocruz - Ministry of Health, Cidade Universitária, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, CEP: 50.740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo
- Health Department of Ipojuca County (PE) - Brazil, Rua Cel. João Souza Leão, CEP: 55.590-000, Ipojuca, PE, Brazil; Biotechnology and Drugs Laboratory and Biomaterials Technology Laboratory - Academic Center of Vitória de Santo Antão, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Alto do Reservatório, s/n - Bela Vista, CEP: 55.608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil; Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 CEP: 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Constança Simões Barbosa
- Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Fiocruz - Ministry of Health, Cidade Universitária, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, CEP: 50.740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Reis-Neto ETD, Monticielo OA, Daher M, Lopes F, Angrimani D, Klumb EM. Life expectancy and death pattern associated with systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis in Brazil between 2000 and 2019. Lupus 2024; 33:536-542. [PMID: 38414428 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241236383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate the main factors associated with mortality and determine the life expectancy of SLE patients between 2000 and 2019 years in Brazil. METHODS death data related to SLE available in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) (DATASUS) were evaluated in all Brazilian states. Three groups of death causes potentially associated from SLE were evaluated: cardiovascular and kidney diseases and infections. RESULTS The main causes of death associated with SLE were infection and kidney disease. Most SLE patients died between 19 and 50 years of age. Deaths associated with kidney disease were proportionally higher than in the general population with progressive decrease during the period. Instead, there have been an increase in the proportion of deaths due to infections both in SLE and in the general population. CONCLUSIONS SLE patients presented higher mortality compared to the general population matched for sex and age and the main causes associated with death were infection and kidney disease. Public health policies that promote early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of damage are necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgard Torres Dos Reis-Neto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM / Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Odirlei Andre Monticielo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Evandro Mendes Klumb
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Braga RAM, Bezerra IN, Nogueira MDDA, Souza ADM, Martins GDS, Almondes KGDS, Moreno LA, Maia CSC. Cardiometabolic risk assessment: A school-based study in Brazilian adolescent. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1069-1079. [PMID: 38220511 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recently, new indices combining routine and low-cost anthropometric and biochemical measurements have emerged. Among them, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are being investigated for the prediction of altered blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) and height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP) are predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a cross-sectional, national, multicenter, school-based survey conducted between 2013 and 2014 in Brazil. The sample consisted of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years of both genders attending the last 3 years of elementary or secondary school from public and private schools located in 273 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A Poisson regression was performed to verify associations between VAI and HLAP indices and the presence of altered BP and IR according to sex. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to compare the predictive ability and determine the cut-off points of the VAI and HLAP indices in identifying cardiometabolic risk obtained by altered BP and IR. The prevalences of altered BP and IR were 24.49 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 23.14-25.87) and 24.22 % (95 % CI: 22.70-25.80), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The VAI and HLAP indices are good predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. HLAP showed better performance in identifying insulin resistance in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda de Moura Souza
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carla Soraya Costa Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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Jorge ACR, Montezano BB, de Aguiar KR, Noronha LT, Baldez DP, Watts D, Menezes AMB, Wehrmeister FC, Gonçalves H, Kunz M, Kapczinski F, Passos IC. Early exposure to cannabis and bipolar disorder incidence: Findings from a 22-year birth cohort study in Brazil. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2024; 149:340-349. [PMID: 38378931 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder is a chronic condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, there is some evidence to suggest that cannabis use during adolescence may be an environmental risk factor for its onset, however inconsistencies have been observed across the literature. Considering this, we aimed to assess whether early lifetime cannabis is associated with subsequent bipolar disorder in young adults between 18 and 22 years of age. METHODS Using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort (n = 5249), cannabis exposure was examined at age 18 by self-report, and bipolar disorder diagnosis was measured at age 22 using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). In order to control the analysis, we considered socioeconomic status index, sex, skin color, physical abuse by parents and lifetime cocaine use. RESULTS A total of 3781 individuals were evaluated in 2015 aged 22 years, of whom 87 were diagnosed with the bipolar disorder onset after the age of 18. Lifetime cannabis use predicted bipolar disorder onset at 22 years old (OR 1.82, 95% CI [1.10, 2.93]), and the effect remained after adjusting for socioeconomic status, sex, skin color, and physical abuse by parents (OR 2.00, 95% CI [1.20, 3.25]). However, this association was attenuated to statistically non-significant after further adjustment for all available covariates, including lifetime cocaine use (OR 1.79, 95% CI [0.95, 3.19]). We also found similar results for early cocaine use, where the association with bipolar disorder onset did not maintain significance in the multivariate model (OR 1.35, 95% CI [0.62, 2.86]). Otherwise, when we considered cannabis or cocaine lifetime use as a unique feature, our findings showed that the adolescent exposure to cannabis or cocaine increased the odds by 1.95 times of developing bipolar disorder at 22 years age, even when controlling for all other study variables (OR 2.14, 95% CI [1.30, 3.47]). Finally, our models suggest that cocaine use may potentially exert a major influence on the effect of lifetime cannabis use on bipolar disorder onset, and that physical abuse by parents and sex may modify the effect of cannabis use for later bipolar disorder onset. CONCLUSION Based on our findings, early cannabis exposure predicted bipolar disorder onset in young adults, but this association was confounded by cocaine use. Contrary to schizophrenia, cannabis as a sole exposure was not associated with bipolar disorder onset after adjusting for control variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cristian Rodrigues Jorge
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Braga Montezano
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kyara Rodrigues de Aguiar
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tavares Noronha
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Prates Baldez
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Devon Watts
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Helen Gonçalves
- Post graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Maurício Kunz
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ives Cavalcante Passos
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Domingues CF, de Castro TX, do Lago BV, Garcia RDCNC. Genetic characterization of the parvovirus full-length VP2 gene in domestic cats in Brazil. Res Vet Sci 2024; 170:105186. [PMID: 38368749 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Feline parvovirus (FPV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are over 98% identical in their DNA sequences, and the new variants of CPV (2a/2b/2c) have gained the ability to infect and replicate in cats. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity in the VP2 gene of parvovirus strains circulating in domestic cats in Brazil during a 10-year period (2008-2017). For parvovirus screening, specific PCR was performed, and 25 (34.7%) of 72 cats tested positive. The PCR-positive samples were further subjected to full-length VP2 sequencing (1755 bp), and eight sequences (36%) were characterized as FPV, seven (28%) as CPV-2a and (32%) nine (36%) as CPV-2b. One sequence (RJ1085/11) showing typical CPV amino acid (aa) at residues 80 R, 93 N, 103 A, 232 I, and 323 N could not be characterized at this time. The sequences in this study displayed aa changes previously described for FPV (A14T, A91S, I101T, N564S, and A568G) from cats and CPV-2a/2b (S297N and Y324L) from dogs. However, the Y324L mutation has not yet been reported in any CPV-2a/2b strains from cats. Phylogenetic analysis supported the division of these sequences into two well-defined clades, clade 1 for FPV and clade 2 for CPV2a/2b. Unusually, the sequence RJ1085/11 was grouped separately. Two recombination breakpoints were detected by Bootscan and 3Seq methods implemented in the RDP4. This study is the first report of CPV-2a/2b in cats in Brazil. The detection of FPV strains with mutations characteristic of CPV indicates that Brazilian FPV strains have undergone genetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthya Fonseca Domingues
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Xavier de Castro
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Vieira do Lago
- Laboratório de Hepatites Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz and Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 210360-040, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Nasser Cubel Garcia
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Alameda Barros Terra S/N, São Domingos, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil.
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Perry WB, Chrispim MC, Barbosa MRF, de Souza Lauretto M, Razzolini MTP, Nardocci AC, Jones O, Jones DL, Weightman A, Sato MIZ, Montagner C, Durance I. Cross-continental comparative experiences of wastewater surveillance and a vision for the 21st century. Sci Total Environ 2024; 919:170842. [PMID: 38340868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the epidemiological value of monitoring wastewater into sharp focus. The challenges of implementing and optimising wastewater monitoring vary significantly from one region to another, often due to the array of different wastewater systems around the globe, as well as the availability of resources to undertake the required analyses (e.g. laboratory infrastructure and expertise). Here we reflect on the local and shared challenges of implementing a SARS-CoV-2 monitoring programme in two geographically and socio-economically distinct regions, São Paulo state (Brazil) and Wales (UK), focusing on design, laboratory methods and data analysis, and identifying potential guiding principles for wastewater surveillance fit for the 21st century. Our results highlight the historical nature of region-specific challenges to the implementation of wastewater surveillance, including previous experience of using wastewater surveillance, stakeholders involved, and nature of wastewater infrastructure. Building on those challenges, we then highlight what an ideal programme would look like if restrictions such as resource were not a constraint. Finally, we demonstrate the value of bringing multidisciplinary skills and international networks together for effective wastewater surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Cardoso Chrispim
- Environmental and Biosciences Department, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Kristian IV:s väg 3, 30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Renata Funada Barbosa
- Environmental Analysis Department, Environmental Company of the São Paulo State (CETESB), Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Jr., 345, São Paulo CEP 05459-900, Brazil; NARA - Center for Research in Environmental Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Souza Lauretto
- NARA - Center for Research in Environmental Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Arlindo Bettio, 1000, São Paulo CEP 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Pepe Razzolini
- NARA - Center for Research in Environmental Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelaide Cassia Nardocci
- NARA - Center for Research in Environmental Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil; School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Owen Jones
- School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4AG, UK
| | - Davey L Jones
- Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK; Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6105, Australia
| | | | - Maria Inês Zanoli Sato
- Environmental Analysis Department, Environmental Company of the São Paulo State (CETESB), Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Jr., 345, São Paulo CEP 05459-900, Brazil; NARA - Center for Research in Environmental Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Environmental Health Department, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Montagner
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083970, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Durance
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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Carvalhal Moreira Dos Santos S, Santos Erbisti R, Calil-Elias S, Miranda ES. Profile, performance, and perception of pharmacist preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic. Res Social Adm Pharm 2024; 20:451-456. [PMID: 38355311 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The lack of human resources for disease prevention and control is evident in times of health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In public health emergencies, the capacity for adequate assistance and guaranteed access to pharmacological treatment are fundamental and contribute to impact reduction. We aimed to analyze the profile, performance, and characteristics related to the self-perception of preparedness among pharmacists who responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted in two stages: content validation of a questionnaire and its application to a representative sample of pharmacists in Rio de Janeiro. The snowball technique was used to recruit participants. A logistic regression model was adjusted to determine the effects of the factors on the probability of a pharmacist feeling prepared to act during the pandemic. RESULTS Six experts approved and validated the questionnaire, and 376 pharmacists were included in the study, 60.6 % of whom were in places specially designated by health authorities to diagnose and treat COVID-19. Professionals participated in various activities related to pandemic demands, including medication management and population guidance. Postgraduate degrees increased the odds of participants feeling prepared to act during the pandemic. Furthermore, pharmacists who worked in reference facilities were more likely to feel ready than those who worked in other places. Professionals who knew treatment guidelines were almost three times more likely to feel prepared than the ones without the knowledge of treatment guidelines. Training or guidance on how to act during the pandemic increased pharmacists' odds of feeling prepared by 2.58 times. CONCLUSION Pharmacists actuated from diagnosis to treatment and participated in the health activities required during the pandemic. Factors contributing to the self-perception of preparedness were identified. Such factors can be targets for interventions to promote the preparedness of the workforce for future health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Carvalhal Moreira Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Administração e Gestão da Assistência Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Santos Erbisti
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Calil-Elias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Administração e Gestão da Assistência Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Farmácia e Administração Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elaine Silva Miranda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Administração e Gestão da Assistência Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Farmácia e Administração Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Gutiérrez JD, Altamiranda-Saavedra M, Ávila-Jiménez J, Martins IA, Virginio F. Effect of environmental variables on the incidence of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil and Colombia. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107131. [PMID: 38281614 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe of the three forms of Leishmaniasis. In the Americas, Brazil and Colombia present more than 90 % of the cases in the region. Our aim in this research was to estimate the association of the incidence rate of Visceral Leishmaniasis with the following environmental variables: the percentage of area suitable for the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis, the episodes of La Niña and El Niño, the Brazilian and Colombian biomes. Epidemiological data were obtained from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System and the Colombian National Public Health Surveillance System. Environmental data were downloaded from the NASA Giovanni web app, the Modis Sensor database, and the meteorological agencies of Australia, Japan, and the United States of America. Records of the presence of Lu. longipalpis were obtained from public databases and previous studies. As a result, the incidence per 10,000 inhabitants with LEBS for each El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episode showed the largest values during El Niño 2015-2016, mainly in Brazil's Northeast and Central regions and the Northeast region of Colombia. Compared with the Neutral 2012-2014 episode, the episodes of El Niño 2015-2016 and La Niña 2010-2011 showed an average increase in the monthly incidence rate of VL, and the average increase was higher during El Niño 2015-2016 (aIRR = 2.304 vs.1.453) We found a positive association between the incidence rate of VL and the El Niño 2015-2016 episode and an impressive% of area suitable for the vector Lu. longipalpis in the Amazon region.An increase of 1 % in the area suitable for the vector Lu. longipalpis leads to an average rise of 0.8 % in the monthly incidence rate of VL. Our study shows a possible association between VL incidence and ENSO, with the most considerable incidence rates observed during El Niño 2015-2016 in Brazil's Northeast and Central regions and the Northeast region of Colombia. The present study is very important to better understand the Visceral Leishmaniasis transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Universidad de Santander, Instituto Masira, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra
- Grupo de Investigación Bioforense, Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Forenses, Tecnológico de Antioquia Institución Universitaria, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Julián Ávila-Jiménez
- Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Iris Amati Martins
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Paisagem e Conservação, LEPaC, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Virginio
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Entomologia Médica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Viana MC, Alves-Pereira A, Oliveira MAP, Valença-Barbosa C, Folly-Ramos E, Souza AP, Takiya DM, Almeida CE. Population genetics and genomics of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in an area of high pressure of domiciliary infestation in Northeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107144. [PMID: 38336343 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the population dynamics of vectors is crucial for effective control of vector-borne diseases. In the Northeastern Brazilian semi-arid region, Triatoma brasiliensis persists as the most significant Chagas disease vector, frequently displaying recurrent domiciliary infestations. This situation raises relevant public health concerns in the municipality of Currais Novos in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This area has experienced a high prevalence of peridomiciliary re-infestations by T. brasiliensis, coupled with elevated rates of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Therefore, we assessed the distribution of genetic variation via mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene (MT-CYB) sequencing (n = 109) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, n = 86) to assess the gene flow among distinct populations distributed in varied geographic spots and environments, mainly sylvatic and peridomiciliary. Insects were collected from rural communities at Currais Novos, enclosed within a 16 km radius. Sampling included 13 populations: one intradomiciliary, eight peridomiciliary, and four sylvatic. Furthermore, an external population located 220 km from Currais Novos was also included in the study. The method employed to obtain SNP information relied on ddRAD-seq genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), enabling a genome-wide analysis to infer genetic variation. Through AMOVA analysis of MT-CYB gene variation, we identified four distinct population groups with statistical significance (FCT= 0.42; p<0.05). We identified a total of 3,013 SNPs through GBS, with 11 loci showing putative signs of being under selection. The variation based on 3,002 neutral loci evidenced low genetic structuration based on low FST values (p>0.05), indicating local panmixia. However, resampling algorithms pointed out that three samples from the external population were assigned (>98 %) in a cluster contrasting from the ones putatively under local panmixia - validating the newly applied genome-wide marker for studies on the population genetics at finer-scale resolution for T. brasiliensis. The presence of population structuring in some of the sampled points, as suggested by the mitochondrial marker, leads us to assume that infestations were probably initiated by small populations of females - demographic event poses a risk for rapid re-infestations. The local panmictic pattern revealed by the GBS marker poses a challenge for vector control measures, as re-infestation foci may be distributed over a wide geographical and ecological range. In such instances, vectors exhibit reduced susceptibility to conventional insecticide spraying operations since sylvatic populations are beyond the reach of these interventions. The pattern of infestation exhibited by T. brasiliensis necessitates integrating innovative strategies into the existing control framework, holding the potential to create a more resilient and adaptive vector control program. In our dataset, the results demonstrated that the genetic signals from both markers were complementary. Therefore, it is essential to consider the nature and inheritance pattern of each marker when inferring the pattern of re-infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Viana
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, IB, UNICAMP; Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância do Câncer (CONPREV), Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo A P Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética- IB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Valença-Barbosa
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Fiocruz, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos E Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, IB, UNICAMP; Laboratorio de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ.
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Chattrattrai T, Aarab G, Blanken TF, Pires GN, Herrero Babiloni A, Dal Fabbro C, van Someren E, Lavigne G, Maluly M, Andersen ML, Tufik S, Lobbezoo F. Network analysis of sleep bruxism in the EPISONO adult general population. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e13957. [PMID: 37246335 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Sleep bruxism (SB) has been associated with biological and psychosocial factors. The assessment of SB includes self-report, clinical evaluation, and polysomnography. This study aimed to investigate the associations of self-reported SB with other sleep disorders and demographic, psychological, and lifestyle factors in the adult general population, and to investigate whether self-reported SB and polysomnographically (PSG) confirmed SB provide similar outcomes in terms of their associated factors. We recruited 915 adults from the general population in Sao Paulo, Brazil. All participants underwent a one-night PSG recording and answered questions about sex, age, BMI, insomnia, OSA risk, anxiety, depression, average caffeine consumption, smoking frequency, and alcohol consumption frequency. We investigated the link between SB and the other variables in univariate, multivariate, and network models, and we repeated each model once with self-reported SB and once with PSG-confirmed SB. Self-reported SB was only significantly associated with sex (p = 0.042), anxiety (p = 0.002), and depression (p = 0.03) in the univariate analysis, and was associated with insomnia in the univariate (p < 0.001) and multivariate (β = 1.054, 95%CI 1.018-1.092, p = 0.003) analyses. Network analysis showed that self-reported SB had a direct positive edge to insomnia, while PSG-confirmed SB was not significantly associated with any of the other variables. Thus, sleep bruxism was positively associated with insomnia only when self-reported, while PSG-confirmed SB was not associated with any of the included factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiprawee Chattrattrai
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Masticatory Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa F Blanken
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel N Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto do Sono, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Herrero Babiloni
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research Center of CIUSSS NIM and CHUM, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cibele Dal Fabbro
- Instituto do Sono, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eus van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Lavigne
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research Center of CIUSSS NIM and CHUM, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Milton Maluly
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto do Sono, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica L Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto do Sono, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto do Sono, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Perazzo H, Gonçalves JL, Cardoso SW, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG, Luz PM. Pathways to Poor Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living with HIV: The Role of Food Insecurity and Alcohol Misuse. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1173-1185. [PMID: 37523050 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Daily adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the length and quality of life of people living with HIV (PLHIV). We explored whether socioeconomic status directly impacts ART adherence and whether part of the effect is mediated by pathways through alcohol misuse or food insecurity. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil (November/2019 to March/2020) with PLHIV aged ≥ 18 years. Validated instruments were used to measure alcohol use, food insecurity, and ART adherence. Using structural equation modeling we assessed the direct and indirect effects of variables on ART adherence. Participants reported significant challenges: hunger: 12%, alcohol use: 64%, and missing ART doses: 24%. Results showed that lower socioeconomic status increased poor adherence and that this effect was mediated through higher food insecurity. Alcohol misuse also increased poor adherence through a strong direct effect. Providing socio-economic support coupled with interventions to mitigate alcohol's harmful impact can aid HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Perazzo
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Gonçalves
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Sandra W Cardoso
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Valdilea G Veloso
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Paula M Luz
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil.
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Paim MG, Rivas BB, Sebastião GA, Kaefer K, Rodrigues RO, Mayer FQ, Nunes LN, Costa FVAD. Investigation of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and leptospiruria in cats attended to a veterinary teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 107:102138. [PMID: 38367297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis that affects both humans and animals worldwide. Currently, it is known that cats may be susceptible to infection. This study aims to investigate the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and leptospiruria in cats, using Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, respectively. A total of 76 cats, undergoing comprehensive anamnesis, general physical examination, and complementary exams were included in the investigation. Among the 76 cats tested, 9.2% (7/76) exhibited the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies, while Leptospira spp. DNA was detected in at 1.3% (1/76) of the evaluated urine samples. No significant associations were observed between the serological and molecular diagnostic results and the assessed variables, including clinical data and laboratory results of cats testing positive. This study provides insight into the occurrence of Leptospira spp. infection and leptospiruria in cats treated at a veterinary teaching hospital in southern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Grünwalder Paim
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Bárbara Basseggio Rivas
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Grasiele Amorim Sebastião
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kauana Kaefer
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Leptospirose, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Quoos Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana Neves Nunes
- Instituto de Matemática, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa
- Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Bassini-Silva R, Almeida BR, Jacinavicius FDC, Lourenço EC, Welbourn C, Ochoa R, Famadas KM, Barros-Battesti DM. The genus Perissopalla Brennan and White, 1960 (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) in Brazil: Redescriptions, new localities, and host records with the first molecular data for the genus. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 49:101004. [PMID: 38462305 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The genus Perissopalla Brennan and White (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) is currently represented by ten species with three from Brazil: Perissopalla barticonycteris Brennan, Perissopalla ipeani Brennan, and Perissopalla tanycera Brennan. In the present study, these three species are redescribed and illustrated based on the types and additional non-type specimens. New host and locality records for P. ipeani and P. tanycera are included. Additionally, a partial sequence for the 18S rRNA gene for P. ipeani was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Rocha Almeida
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Elizabete Captivo Lourenço
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cal Welbourn
- Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, National Insect and Mite Collection, Washington, D.C., USA.
| | - Ronald Ochoa
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA,.
| | - Katia Maria Famadas
- Laboratório de Artrópodes Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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Moraes DBV, Coradine TLC, Silva EVL, Sobreira-Neto MA, Marques W, Gitaí LLG, Tumas V. Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxias in an Unexplored Brazilian State, Using Strategies for Resource-Limited Settings. Cerebellum 2024; 23:609-619. [PMID: 37454040 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) have a worldwide average prevalence of 2.7 cases per 100,000 individuals, with significant geographic variability. This study aimed to develop resource-limited strategies to detect and characterize the frequency and genetic-clinical profile of SCAs in an unexplored population from Alagoas State, a low Human Development Index state in northeastern Brazil. Active search strategies were employed to identify individuals with a diagnosis or clinical suspicion of SCAs, and a protocol for clinical and molecular evaluation was applied in collaboration with a reference center in Neurogenetics. A total of 73 individuals with SCAs were identified, with a minimum estimated prevalence of 2.17 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. SCA3 was the most common type (75.3%), followed by SCA7 (15.1%), SCA1 (6.8%), and SCA2 (2.7%). Patients with SCA3 subphenotype 2 were the most predominant. Detailed analysis of patients with SCA3 and SCA7 revealed age at onset and clinical features congruent with other studies, with gait disturbance and reduced visual capacity in SCA7 as the main initial manifestations. The study also identified many asymptomatic individuals at risk of developing SCAs. These findings demonstrate that simple and collaborative strategies can enhance the detection capacity of rare diseases such as SCAs in resource-limited settings and that Alagoas State has a minimum estimated prevalence of SCAs similar to the world average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Beserra Vilar Moraes
- Postgraduate Program, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil
| | - Tácio Luis Cavalcante Coradine
- Graduation Course, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Everton Vieira Lopes Silva
- Graduation Course, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Prof. Costa Mendes, 1408 - 4°, Andar, CEP: 60.430-140, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Wilson Marques
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil
| | - Lívia Leite Góes Gitaí
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
- , Maceió, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil.
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Komatsu AV, Costa RCS, Buoso FP, Dos Santos PV, Caetano LAO, Bazon MR. Psychosocial adaptation under adverse experiences: A study on the role of empathy with adolescents from vulnerable contexts in Brazil. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 150:106298. [PMID: 37355426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that affect children and adolescents, increasing the risk for negative outcomes in several developmental domains. The literature suggests that ACEs affect boys and girls differently, and that protective factors such as social and emotional skills may favor resilience processes and promote Psychosocial Adjustment. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to verify gender differences in relation to ACEs and Empathy, and to identify whether the effect of ACEs on Psychosocial Adjustment is moderated by Empathy. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A total of 1229 boys and girls aged 14 to 17 years from public schools in regions considered to be of high social vulnerability in two cities of Brazil participated in this study. METHODS Comparisons between genders were carried out using a logistic regression model. We then fitted multiple regression models predicting Psychosocial Adjustment, where ACEs, Empathy, and an interaction term between ACEs and Empathy were employed as independent variables, controlled by gender. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that girls experience ACEs more often than boys (d = 0.26, p = 0.02; d = 0.36; p < 0.001), and score higher on the Empathy scale (d = 0.43, p < 0.001). The genders do not differ in Community Violence Exposure nor Psychosocial Adjustment levels. Interaction analysis showed that Empathy moderates the effect of ACEs on adolescents' level of Psychosocial Adjustment. In the context of close relationships, Empathy may counteract the effect of ACEs, while in cases involving domestic violence and/or psychological abuse, it may amplify the impact of ACEs. CONCLUSIONS The results show the relevance of considering gender specificities and that the role played by Empathy is more complex and needs further investigation. We emphasize that programs and policies aiming to prevent ACEs and their harmful effects should consider its types, in addition to the diversity and the specificities of the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Vilela Komatsu
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Germany; University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Risso PA, Jural LA, Santos IC, Cunha AJLA. Prevalence and associated factors of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) in a sample of Brazilian university students. Child Abuse Negl 2024; 150:106030. [PMID: 36681583 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long been associated with health risk behaviors, but they are poorly studied in Brazilian university students. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of ACEs and investigate their association with sociodemographic data, health risk factors and self-related health in a sample of university students. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A cross-sectional study conducted with 546 students from a Brazilian public university. METHOD The self-reported 10-ACE Study questionnaire (ACE-Q) and sociodemographic information (age, sex, family income), health risk factors (body mass index, physical exercise, alcohol and tobacco use) and self-related health were assessed. Chi-square Test and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between the cumulative occurrence of ACE (ACE ≥4) and the studied factors. RESULTS Of the 546 participants, 464 responded to all ACE-Q questions; 74.4% reported at least one ACE, and 13.1 % reported four or more. Lower family income (OR = 2.02; 95%CI = 1.13-3.61; p = 0.01) and self-related poor health (OR = 2.29; 95%CI = 1.28-4.08; p = 0.00) were associated with the occurrence of ACE ≥4. CONCLUSION Most students reported at least one ACE, while a minority reported ≥4 ACEs associated with lower family income and poor self-health. The data suggest that preventive actions should be considered to mitigate the problem, with lower-income students being treated as a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia A Risso
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Saúde (LAMPES), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - K - 2° floor, 21 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil.
| | - Lucas A Jural
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Saúde (LAMPES), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - K - 2° floor, 21 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil
| | - Ismê C Santos
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Saúde (LAMPES), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - K - 2° floor, 21 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil
| | - Antonio J L A Cunha
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Saúde (LAMPES), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - K - 2° floor, 21 - Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil
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Neves NWT, Breder JSC, Oliveira BA, Zanchetta FC, Barreto J, Sposito AC, Lima MHM. Diabetes-related distress and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes at primary care level in Brazil. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:461-471. [PMID: 38095701 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Living with diabetes can be challenging, particularly when it comes to dealing with psychological distress and requiring self-care directives. Patients may feel frustrated, angry, overwhelmed, and discouraged. This study aimed to investigate the diabetes-related distress and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A cross-sectional study carried out at the Clinical Research Centre at the University of Campinas, Brazil, between September 2020 and April 2021. Patients answered data regarding demographic and clinical variables, the Brazilian version of the Diabetes Distress Scale and the Diabetes Quality of Life (QOL) Measure by telephone contact. The data were managed using the RedCap System. For statistical analysis of the data, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied for comparisons, and the Chi-square test for associations. The correlations were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS Out of the 302 participants we recruited, 50.33% exhibited significant diabetes-related distress. Those with elevated diabetes-related distress scores had shorter education levels (p < 0.05), lower HbA1c levels (p < 0.05), and lower total scores in Diabetes QOL Measure (p < 0.0001), particularly in the QOL impact (p < 0.0001), social/vocational worry (p < 0.05), and diabetes worry (p < 0.0001) subscales compared to the group with the lowest diabetes-related distress. CONCLUSION Elevated diabetes-related stress scores significantly affect patients' QOL. Therefore, early screening of individuals at risk for this condition, using well-coordinated protocols, could mitigate adverse QOL effects and enhance their overall experience during disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joaquim Barreto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gomes JMR, Silva-Neto LGR, Dos Santos TLF, Bueno NB, Florêncio TMDMT. Early introduction of ultra-processed foods is associated with overweight and anaemia in socially vulnerable Brazilian children. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1095-1104. [PMID: 38012885 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the early introduction of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and identify its association with overweight and anaemia in Brazilian children living in a situation of social vulnerability. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a Brazilian capital. Children aged 12-59 months were included. The presence of overweight and anaemia was evaluated, as well as the introduction of twelve different UPF in children's first year of life. Association analysis was performed using Poisson regression, with robust estimates of variances. A total of 561 children were studied; 85·5 % had consumed at least one UPF evaluated in the first year of life; 19·1 % were overweight and 52·0 % were anaemic. Adjusted multivariate analyses identified that the early introduction of soft drinks (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1·18, 95 % CI (1·02, 1·38)), packaged snacks (PR = 1·17, 95 % CI (1·05, 1·30)) and powdered soft drinks (PR = 1·36, 95 % CI (1·16, 1·60)) increased the likelihood of children being overweight, and the early introduction of chocolate drink (PR = 1·25, 95 % CI (1·02, 1·53)) increased the likelihood of them being anaemic, when comparing children who consumed these UPF before reaching 1 year of age with those who consumed these foods at 12 months of age or older. From the results found, one can see the existing relationship between the early introduction of UPF with overweight and anaemia, being necessary to intensify public health policies to combat malnutrition, focusing on the promotion of proper and healthy eating, especially during the phase of food introduction, focusing on the population living in socially vulnerable situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janayna Melo Ribeiro Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro Silva-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
| | - Thays Lane Ferreira Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
| | - Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n. Tabuleiro dos Martins, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 740 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP04023-062, Brasil
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Silva AB, Pisa IT, Messina LA, Pelogi APS, Tenório JM, Sousa FS, Santos DL, Maia J, de Andrade Filha IG, Guedes ACCM, de Lima Lopes PR, da Silva Maia PR. Diagnostic evaluation of institutions as a basis for designing the Brazilian maturity model of telehealth services. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:372. [PMID: 38528485 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number and specificities of telehealth service units that expanded their services and diversified with the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil need to be discovered. The objective of this manuscript is to present a methodology for the diagnostic evaluation of 19 telehealth units from different regions of the country for federal governmental decision-making. METHODS A cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative study was carried out in the form of a census based on administrative records with an online survey and in-depth interviews with local telehealth managers. RESULTS Despite the discontinuity of regular funding, the results point to a diversity of initiatives and advances. Citizenship, sustainability, security, and budget management are recurring themes in the maturity analysis of telehealth services after the advent of the pandemic. CONCLUSION It is necessary for Brazil to build a resilient model of the maturity of telehealth services that contemplates the different regional scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiz Ary Messina
- Brazilian National Research and Education Network - Distrito Federal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jessi Maia
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Freitas Ribeiro AA, Junior NMC, Dos Santos LL. Systematic review of the molecular basis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome in Brazil: the current scenario. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:187. [PMID: 38504328 PMCID: PMC10953197 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A detailed understanding of the genetic basis of cancer is of great interest to public health monitoring programs. Although many studies have been conducted in Brazil, a global view on the molecular profile related to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) in this large and heterogeneous population is lacking. METHODS A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, BIREME and SciELO). Brazilian studies covering molecular analysis of genes related to HBOC, published until December 2023, were considered. RESULTS We identified 35 original studies that met all the inclusion criteria. A total of 137 distinct mutations were found in the BRCA1 gene, but four of them corresponded to 44.5% of all mutations found in this gene. The c.5266dupC BRCA1 mutation was responsible for 26.8% of all pathogenic mutations found in the BRCA1 gene in patients with clinical criteria for HBOC from the Brazilian population. Considering all studies that track this mutation in the BRCA1 gene, we found a frequency of 2% (120/6008) for this mutation in Brazilian patients. In the BRCA2 gene, the four most frequent mutations corresponded to 29.2% of pathogenic mutations. Even though it was tracked by few studies, the c.156_157insAlu mutation was responsible for 9.6% of all pathogenic mutations reported in the BRCA2 gene. Seventeen studies found pathogenic mutations in other non-BRCA genes, the c.1010G > A mutation in the TP53 gene being the most frequent one. Considering all studies that screened for this specific mutation in patients with the clinical criteria for HBOC, the frequency of c.1010G > A was estimated at 1.83% (61/3336). CONCLUSIONS Despite significant molecular heterogeneity among mutations in HBOC patients from Brazil, three mutations deserve to be highlighted, c.5266dupC, c.156_157insAlu and c.1010G > A in the BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 genes, respectively. With more than 200 records, these three mutations play a vital role in the pathology of breast and ovarian cancer in Brazil. The data collected shed light on the subject, but there is still not enough data from certain subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciana Lara Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho St, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
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Bastos LAVM, Villela PB, Bichara JLP, do Nascimento EM, Bastos ELVM, de B Pereira B, Oliveira GMM. Ischemic heart disease-related mortality in Brazil, 2006 to 2020. A study of multiple causes of death. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:849. [PMID: 38504228 PMCID: PMC10949584 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Both the aging of the population and the increase in noncommunicable diseases may influence the progression and outcomes culminating in death, changing the evolution of ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) and their associated causes. Using the multiple causes of death method could help understand the magnitude of these relationships and enable better targeting of investments in health. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the mortality from IHD in Brazil between 2006 and 2020 using the method of multiple causes and identify differences in the distribution pattern of IHD mortality by sex and geographic region. METHODS Based on information extracted from death certificates (DCs) obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), we used the multiple causes method to analyze the causes of death associated with IHD when IHD was defined as the underlying cause of death (UC) and the causes of death listed as the UC when IHD was recorded in any other lines of the DC, from 2006 to 2020, in Brazil. Subsequently, the proportion of these causes of death and differences between sexes and geographic regions were evaluated, with statistical relevance analyzed using the chi-square test, and the dependence between factors illustrated using stacked bar charts and small-world network graphs. RESULTS When IHD was listed as the UC of death, the most frequent associated causes of death were, in descending order of frequency, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), arterial hypertension (AH), chronic ischemic heart disease (CHID), heart failure (HF), and diabetes mellitus (DM). When IHD was mentioned in any line of the DC, the most frequent UCs of death were AMI followed by DM, CIHD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, dyslipidemia, and, in the year 2020, COVID-19. The most frequent cause of death in women were DM as the UC and associated cause of death, AH as the UC, and CIHD and Alzheimer's disease as associated causes of death, while the most frequent causes of death in men were substance dependence as the UC and associated cause of death, and cancer as an associated cause of death. The most frequent causes of death were DM and stroke in the North and Northeast, dyslipidemia and obesity in the Midwest, Alzheimer's disease in the South and Southeast, and atherosclerotic heart disease (AHD) and COPD in the South. CONCLUSIONS Several diseases - including AMI, AH, CIHD, HF, and DM - were the most frequent associated causes of death when IHD was recorded as the UC. In contrast, AMI, DM, CIHD, COPD, and stroke were the most frequent UCs when IHD was listed as an associated cause of death. The degree of these associations varied between sexes and geographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo B Villela
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Procianoy GS, Cotrim MW, Cia LO, Behar PRP. Impact of BCG Vaccination Disruptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Incidence in Infants: A Nationwide Study in Brazil. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2024; 13:186-188. [PMID: 38330394 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Pandemic-related disruptions led to lower Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine coverage in Brazil. This study highlights a link between reduced vaccinations and increased tuberculosis pulmonary and extrapulmonary cases in infants. Addressing vaccine hesitancy and ensuring healthcare stability is vital for mitigating impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme S Procianoy
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mozart W Cotrim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas O Cia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo R P Behar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Infectious and Parasitic Disease Service, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórida de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Farias IF, de Oliveira GMB, Lima EVM, Labruna MB, Horta MC. Parasitism on domestic cats by Amblyomma auricularium and serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia amblyommatis. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2024; 33:e018123. [PMID: 38511817 PMCID: PMC10954250 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The domestic cat is not considered a primary host for any specific tick species; however, it can be affected by some Ixodidae species, such as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and Amblyomma spp. The study reports parasitism by Amblyomma auricularium and the detection of anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies in domestic cats from a rural property in the Afrânio municipality, Pernambuco, Brazil. Amblyomma auricularium (24 nymphs, six females, and four males) and Amblyomma sp. (42 larvae) parasitized three cats, and 73 free-living ticks were captured in armadillo burrows: A. auricularium (36 nymphs, six females, five males) and Amblyomma sp. (26 larvae). Blood samples from cats were collected and the obtained plasma were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect antibodies against Rickettsia antigens. Thus, anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies were determined (titers ranging from 128 to 512) and showed a predominant antibody response to Rickettsia amblyommatis or a very closely related genotype. This study reports the first infestation of nymphs and adults of A. auricularium on cats in a new area of occurrence in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil and reports for the first time the presence of anti-Ricketsia antibodies in cats in the region, with R. amblyommatis as the probable infectious agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Ferreira Farias
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias no Semiárido, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - Glauber Meneses Barboza de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Erisson Victor Macedo Lima
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Mauricio Claudio Horta
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias no Semiárido, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina, PE, Brasil
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