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Smith EM, Huff S, Bukania R, Chiira B, Holloway C, MacLachlan M. The Kenyan assistive technology ecosystem: a network analysis. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2302208. [PMID: 38224051 PMCID: PMC10791081 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2302208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assistive technology is central to the realization of the rights of persons with disabilities. However, there remains limited access to assistive technology throughout much of the world, with particularly poor access in lower- and middle-income countries. Evaluating stakeholder engagement in assistive technology networks has been used as a successful strategy to understand and address gaps in the assistive technology ecosystem. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to provide an overview of the Kenyan Assistive Technology Ecosystem, including available assistive products and related services, and an understanding of the nature and strength of relationships between stakeholders. METHODS In this study, we employed an online qualitative stakeholder survey (2021) with representatives of organizations involved in assistive technology in Kenya. RESULTS The assistive technology network in Kenya is distributed, with Government Ministries and Agencies and Organizations of persons with disabilities central to the network. The strength of relationships is concentrated on awareness and communication, with fewer organizations actively collaborating. Innovation training organizations are not yet well integrated into the network. CONCLUSIONS Improving access to assistive technology in Kenya will benefit from greater collaboration amongst all assistive technology stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Smith
- Assisting Living and Learning Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Huff
- Assisting Living and Learning Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Rose Bukania
- Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, Government of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bernard Chiira
- Global Disability Innovation Hub, University College London, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Malcolm MacLachlan
- Assisting Living and Learning Institute, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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Grinberg M, Ilin N, Nemtsova Y, Sarafanov F, Ivanova A, Dolinin A, Pirogova P, Vodeneev V, Mareev E. Response of photosynthesis and electrical reactions of wheat plants upon the action of magnetic fields in the Schumann resonance frequency band. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2294425. [PMID: 38147417 PMCID: PMC10761032 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2294425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Alternating magnetic fields (MF) with Schumann resonance frequencies accompanied the development of living organisms throughout evolution, but today it remains unclear whether they can have a special biological effect in comparison with surrounding non-resonant frequencies. This work shows some stimulating effect of extremely low-frequency MFs on morphometric parameters and the activity of physiological processes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It is shown that the MF effect is more pronounced for transient processes - photosynthesis reactions and changes in electrical potential caused by turning on light. For light-induced electrical reactions, the dependence of the severity of the effect on the frequency of the applied MF was demonstrated. It is shown that the most pronounced effect occurs in the 14.3 Hz field, which corresponds to the second harmonic of the Schumann resonance. The predominant sensitivity of signal-regulatory systems gives reason to assume the influence of MFs with Schumann resonance frequencies on the interaction of plants with environmental factors under conditions of a changed electromagnetic environment. Such conditions can occur, for example, with an increase in lightning activity caused by climate change, which serves as the basis for the generation of Schumann resonances, and with the development of artificial ecosystems outside the Earth's atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grinberg
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Research, Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Nikolay Ilin
- Department of Geophysical Research, Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Yulia Nemtsova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Fedor Sarafanov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Research, Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Angelina Ivanova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Dolinin
- Department of Geophysical Research, Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Polina Pirogova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Mareev
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Research, Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Cronin K, Hutton I, Burns K. Harsh environmental conditions promote cooperative behavior in an epiphytic fern. Plant Signal Behav 2024; 19:2335453. [PMID: 38555490 PMCID: PMC10984116 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2335453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Harsh, unpredictable environments are known to favor cooperative groups in animals. Whether plants exhibit similar relationships is unknown. Staghorn ferns (Platycerium bifurcatum, Polypodiaceae) are epiphytes that form cooperative groups which build communal water and nutrient 'nests' at the tops of trees, a habitat characterized by water and nutrient stress. We conducted field observations to test whether staghorn ferns continue to live in large, reproductively active groups after they become dislodged from the canopy and fall to the forest floor, where they are less limited by water and nutrient deprivation. To rule out the potentially confounding effects of light limitation on the forest floor, we also conducted a multi-year glasshouse experiment where we transplanted individual plants into soil and onto vertically oriented boards under standardized light conditions. Results from field observations showed that dislodged colonies formed smaller groups that reproduced less than epiphytic colonies. Results from the glasshouse experiment showed that even when growing in full sun, terrestrial individuals tended to remain solitary, while epiphytic individuals tended to recruit new individuals into colonies. Results also showed that plants growing in potting soil and exposed to full sunlight sporulated more heavily than plants growing epiphytically. However, localities that are characterized by both elevated soil and light resources are generally not available to staghorn ferns in the wild, perhaps with the exception of large, epiphytic colonies with well-developed nests at the top of tree canopies. Overall results indicate that the harsh environmental conditions at the tops of trees trigger the formation of colonies in staghorn ferns, similarly to group living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahurangi Cronin
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ian Hutton
- Lord Howe Island Museum, Lord Howe Island, Australia
| | - K.C. Burns
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Thondoo M, Mogo ERI, Tatah L, Muti M, van Daalen KR, Muzenda T, Boscott R, Uwais O, Farmer G, Yue A, Dalzell S, Mukoma G, Bhagtani D, Matina S, Dambisya PM, Okop K, Ebikeme C, Micklesfield L, Oni T. Multisectoral interventions for urban health in Africa: a mixed-methods systematic review. Glob Health Action 2024; 17:2325726. [PMID: 38577879 PMCID: PMC11000616 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2024.2325726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that urban health objectives are best achieved through a multisectoral approach. This approach requires multiple sectors to consider health and well-being as a central aspect of their policy development and implementation, recognising that numerous determinants of health lie outside (or beyond the confines of) the health sector. However, collaboration across sectors remains scarce and multisectoral interventions to support health are lacking in Africa. To address this gap in research, we conducted a mixed-method systematic review of multisectoral interventions aimed at enhancing health, with a particular focus on non-communicable diseases in urban African settings. Africa is the world's fastest urbanising region, making it a critical context in which to examine the impact of multisectoral approaches to improve health. This systematic review provides a valuable overview of current knowledge on multisectoral urban health interventions and enables the identification of existing knowledge gaps, and consequently, avenues for future research. We searched four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health) for evidence dated 1989-2019 and identified grey literature from expert input. We identified 53 articles (17 quantitative, 20 qualitative, 12 mixed methods) involving collaborations across 22 sectors and 16 African countries. The principle guiding the majority of the multisectoral interventions was community health equity (39.6%), followed by healthy cities and healthy urban governance principles (32.1%). Targeted health outcomes were diverse, spanning behaviour, environmental and active participation from communities. With only 2% of all studies focusing on health equity as an outcome and with 47% of studies published by first authors located outside Africa, this review underlines the need for future research to prioritise equity both in terms of research outcomes and processes. A synthesised framework of seven interconnected components showcases an ecosystem on multisectoral interventions for urban health that can be examined in the future research in African urban settings that can benefit the health of people and the planet.Paper ContextMain findings: Multisectoral interventions were identified in 27.8% of African countries in the African Union, targeted at major cities with five sectors present at all intervention stages: academia or research, agriculture, government, health, and non-governmental.Added knowledge: We propose a synthesised framework showcasing an ecosystem on multisectoral interventions for urban health that can guide future research in African urban settings.Global health impact for policy and action: This study reveals a crucial gap in evidence on evaluating the long-term impact of multisectoral interventions and calls for partnerships involving various sectors and robust community engagement to effectively deliver and sustain health-promoting policies and actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meelan Thondoo
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ebele R. I. Mogo
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lambed Tatah
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monica Muti
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kim R. van Daalen
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Department of Earth Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trish Muzenda
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rachel Boscott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Omar Uwais
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George Farmer
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adelaide Yue
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Dalzell
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gudani Mukoma
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Biokinetics, Recreation and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Divya Bhagtani
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sostina Matina
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Philip M. Dambisya
- Health Policy and Systems Division, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kufre Okop
- Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa (CDIA), Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charles Ebikeme
- LSE Health, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Lisa Micklesfield
- SA MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tolu Oni
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Hu H, Wei XY, Liu L, Wang YB, Bu LK, Jia HJ, Pei DS. Biogeographic patterns of meio- and micro-eukaryotic communities in dam-induced river-reservoir systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:130. [PMID: 38229334 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Although the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) is the world's largest hydroelectric dam, little is known about the spatial-temporal patterns and community assembly mechanisms of meio- and micro-eukaryotes and its two subtaxa (zooplankton and zoobenthos). This knowledge gap is particularly evident across various habitats and during different water-level periods, primarily arising from the annual regular dam regulation. To address this inquiry, we employed mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene-based environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technology to systematically analyze the biogeographic pattern of the three communities within the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Our findings reveal distinct spatiotemporal characteristics and complementary patterns in the distribution of meio- and micro-eukaryotes. The three communities showed similar biogeographic patterns and assembly processes. Notably, the diversity of these three taxa gradually decreased along the river. Their communities were less shaped by stochastic processes, which gradually decreased along the longitudinal riverine-transition-lacustrine gradient. Hence, deterministic factors, such as seasonality, environmental, and spatial variables, along with species interactions, likely play a pivotal role in shaping these communities. Environmental factors primarily drive seasonal variations in these communities, while hydrological conditions, represented as spatial distance, predominantly influence spatial variations. These three communities followed the distance-decay pattern. In winter, compared to summer, both the decay and species interrelationships are more pronounced. Taken together, this study offers fresh insights into the composition and diversity patterns of meio- and micro-eukaryotes at the spatial-temporal level. It also uncovers the mechanisms behind community assembly in various environmental niches within the dam-induced river-reservoir systems. KEY POINTS: • Distribution and diversity of meio- and micro-eukaryotes exhibit distinct spatiotemporal patterns in the TGR. • Contribution of stochastic processes in community assembly gradually decreases along the river. • Deterministic factors and species interactions shape meio- and micro-eukaryotic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Xing-Yi Wei
- Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Li Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yuan-Bo Wang
- Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Ling-Kang Bu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huang-Jie Jia
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing School of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Liu F, Zeng M, Zhou X, Huang F, Song Z. Aspergillus fumigatus escape mechanisms from its harsh survival environments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:53. [PMID: 38175242 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous pathogenic mold and causes several diseases, including mycotoxicosis, allergic reactions, and systemic diseases (invasive aspergillosis), with high mortality rates. In its ecological niche, the fungus has evolved and mastered many reply strategies to resist and survive against negative threats, including harsh environmental stress and deficiency of essential nutrients from natural environments, immunity responses and drug treatments in host, and competition from symbiotic microorganisms. Hence, treating A. fumigatus infection is a growing challenge. In this review, we summarized A. fumigatus reply strategies and escape mechanisms and clarified the main competitive or symbiotic relationships between A. fumigatus, viruses, bacteria, or fungi in host microecology. Additionally, we discussed the contemporary drug repertoire used to treat A. fumigatus and the latest evidence of potential resistance mechanisms. This review provides valuable knowledge which will stimulate further investigations and clinical applications for treating and preventing A. fumigatus infections. KEY POINTS: • Harsh living environment was a great challenge for A. fumigatus survival. • A. fumigatus has evolved multiple strategies to escape host immune responses. • A. fumigatus withstands antifungal drugs via intrinsic escape mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujiao Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyong Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
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Ahmadi F, Lackner M. Recent findings in methanotrophs: genetics, molecular ecology, and biopotential. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:60. [PMID: 38183483 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The potential consequences for mankind could be disastrous due to global warming, which arises from an increase in the average temperature on Earth. The elevation in temperature primarily stems from the escalation in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2, CH4, and N2O within the atmosphere. Among these gases, methane (CH4) is particularly significant in driving alterations to the worldwide climate. Methanotrophic bacteria possess the distinctive ability to employ methane as both as source of carbon and energy. These bacteria show great potential as exceptional biocatalysts in advancing C1 bioconversion technology. The present review describes recent findings in methanotrophs including aerobic and anaerobic methanotroph bacteria, phenotypic characteristics, biotechnological potential, their physiology, ecology, and native multi-carbon utilizing pathways, and their molecular biology. The existing understanding of methanogenesis and methanotrophy in soil, as well as anaerobic methane oxidation and methanotrophy in temperate and extreme environments, is also covered in this discussion. New types of methanogens and communities of methanotrophic bacteria have been identified from various ecosystems and thoroughly examined for a range of biotechnological uses. Grasping the processes of methanogenesis and methanotrophy holds significant importance in the development of innovative agricultural techniques and industrial procedures that contribute to a more favorable equilibrium of GHG. This current review centers on the diversity of emerging methanogen and methanotroph species and their effects on the environment. By amalgamating advanced genetic analysis with ecological insights, this study pioneers a holistic approach to unraveling the biopotential of methanotrophs, offering unprecedented avenues for biotechnological applications. KEY POINTS: • The physiology of methanotrophic bacteria is fundamentally determined. • Native multi-carbon utilizing pathways in methanotrophic bacteria are summarized. • The genes responsible for encoding methane monooxygenase are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
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Wang HM, Hu GR, Luo WY, Li FL. The horizontal gene transfer of perchlorate reduction genomic island in three bacteria from an ecological niche. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:22. [PMID: 38159121 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Three new strains of dissimilatory perchlorate-reducing bacteria (DPRB), QD19-16, QD1-5, and P3-1, were isolated from an active sludge. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA genes indicated that QD19-16, QD1-5, and P3-1 belonged to Brucella, Acidovorax, and Citrobacter, respectively, expanding the distribution of DPRB in the Proteobacteria. The three strains were gram-negative and facultative anaerobes with rod-shaped cells without flagella, which were 1.0-1.6 μm long and 0.5-0.6 μm wide. The three DPRB strains utilized similar broad spectrum of electron donors and acceptors and demonstrated a similar capability to reduce perchlorate within 6 days. The enzyme activity of perchlorate reductase in QD19-16 toward chlorate was higher than that toward perchlorate. The high sequence similarity of the perchlorate reductase operon and chlorite dismutase genes in the perchlorate reduction genomic islands (PRI) of the three strains implied that they were monophyletic origin from a common ancestral PRI. Two transposase genes (tnp1 and tnp2) were found in the PRIs of strain QD19-16 and QD1-5, but were absent in the strain P3-1 PRI. The presence of fragments of IR sequences in the P3-1 PRI suggested that P3-1 PRI had previously contained these two tnp genes. Therefore, it is plausible to suggest that a common ancestral PRI transferred across the strains Brucella sp. QD19-16, Acidovorax sp. QD1-5, and Citrobacter sp. P3-1 through horizontal gene transfer, facilitated by transposases. These results provided a direct evidence of horizontal gene transfer of PRI that could jump across phylogenetically unrelated bacteria through transposase. KEY POINTS: • Three new DPRB strains can effectively remove high concentration of perchlorate. • The PRIs of three DPRB strains are acquired from a single ancestral PRI. • PRIs are incorporated into different bacteria genome through HGT by transposase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ming Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research CenterQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guang-Rong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research CenterQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Wen-Yong Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research CenterQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266400, China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research CenterQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Kane Y, Tendu A, Li R, Chen Y, Mastriani E, Lan J, Catherine Hughes A, Berthet N, Wong G. Viral diversity in wild and urban rodents of Yunnan Province, China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2290842. [PMID: 38047395 PMCID: PMC10829829 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2290842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Rodents represent over 40% of known mammal species and are found in various terrestrial habitats. They are significant reservoirs for zoonotic viruses, including harmful pathogens such as arenaviruses and hantaviruses, yet knowledge of their hosts and distributions is limited. Therefore, characterizing the virome profile in these animals is invaluable for outbreak preparedness, especially in potential hotspots of mammal diversity. This study included 681 organs from 124 rodents and one Chinese tree shrew collected from Yunnan Province, China, during 2020-2021. Metagenomic analysis revealed unique features of mammalian viruses in rodent organs across habitats with varying human disturbances. R. tanezumi in locations with high anthropogenic disturbance exhibited the highest mammal viral diversity, with spleen and lung samples showing the highest diversities for these viruses at the organ level. Mammal viral diversity for both commensal and non-commensal rats was identified to positively correlate with landscape disturbance. Some virus families were associated with particular organs or host species, suggesting tropism for these pathogens. Notably, known and novel viral species that are likely to infect humans were identified. R. tanezumi was identified as a reservoir and carrier for various zoonotic viruses, including porcine bocavirus, hantavirus, cardiovirus, and lyssavirus. These findings highlight the influence of rodent community composition and anthropogenic activities on diverse virome profiles, with R. tanezumi as an important reservoir for zoonotic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakhouba Kane
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alexander Tendu
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiya Li
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Landscape Ecology Group, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, People’s Republic of China
| | - Emilio Mastriani
- Centre for Microbes, Development, and Health, and Unit of Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Lan
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alice Catherine Hughes
- Landscape Ecology Group, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nicolas Berthet
- Centre for Microbes, Development, and Health, and Unit of Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risque Infectieux, Cellule d’Intervention Biologique d’Urgence, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-cite, Unité Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Paris, France
| | - Gary Wong
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Mendes F, Miranda E, Amaral L, Carvalho C, Castro BB, Sousa MJ, Chaves SR. Novel yeast-based biosensor for environmental monitoring of tebuconazole. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:10. [PMID: 38170307 PMCID: PMC10764535 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Due to increasing demand for high and stable crop production, human populations are highly dependent on pesticide use for growing and storing food. Environmental monitoring of these agrochemicals is therefore of utmost importance, because of their collateral effects on ecosystem and human health. Even though most current-use analytical methods achieve low detection limits, they require procedures that are too complex and costly for routine monitoring. As such, there has been an increased interest in biosensors as alternative or complementary tools to streamline detection and quantification of environmental contaminants. In this work, we developed a biosensor for environmental monitoring of tebuconazole (TEB), a common agrochemical fungicide. For that purpose, we engineered S. cerevisiae cells with a reporter gene downstream of specific promoters that are expressed after exposure to TEB and characterized the sensitivity and specificity of this model system. After optimization, we found that this easy-to-use biosensor consistently detects TEB at concentrations above 5 μg L-1 and does not respond to realistic environmental concentrations of other tested azoles, suggesting it is specific. We propose the use of this system as a complementary tool in environmental monitoring programs, namely, in high throughput scenarios requiring screening of numerous samples. KEY POINTS: • A yeast-based biosensor was developed for environmental monitoring of tebuconazole. •The biosensor offers a rapid and easy method for tebuconazole detection ≥ 5 μg L-1. •The biosensor is specific to tebuconazole at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mendes
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Miranda
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Leslie Amaral
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Carvalho
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno B Castro
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Susana R Chaves
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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11
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Zanditenas E, Ankri S. Unraveling the interplay between unicellular parasites and bacterial biofilms: Implications for disease persistence and antibiotic resistance. Virulence 2024; 15:2289775. [PMID: 38058008 PMCID: PMC10761080 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2289775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms have attracted significant attention due to their involvement in persistent infections, food and water contamination, and infrastructure corrosion. This review delves into the intricate interactions between bacterial biofilms and unicellular parasites, shedding light on their impact on biofilm formation, structure, and function. Unicellular parasites, including protozoa, influence bacterial biofilms through grazing activities, leading to adaptive changes in bacterial communities. Moreover, parasites like Leishmania and Giardia can shape biofilm composition in a grazing independent manner, potentially influencing disease outcomes. Biofilms, acting as reservoirs, enable the survival of protozoan parasites against environmental stressors and antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, these biofilms may influence parasite virulence and stress responses, posing challenges in disease treatment. Interactions between unicellular parasites and fungal-containing biofilms is also discussed, hinting at complex microbial relationships in various ecosystems. Understanding these interactions offers insights into disease mechanisms and antibiotic resistance dissemination, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies and ecosystem-level implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zanditenas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Serge Ankri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
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12
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Van Le V, Kang M, Ko SR, Park CY, Lee JJ, Choi IC, Oh HM, Ahn CY. Response of particle-attached and free-living bacterial communities to Microcystis blooms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:42. [PMID: 38183480 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The massive proliferation of Microcystis threatens freshwater ecosystems and degrades water quality globally. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to Microcystis growth is crucial for managing Microcystis blooms. The lifestyles of bacteria can be classified generally into two groups: particle-attached (PA; > 3 µm) and free-living (FL; 0.2-3.0 µm). However, little is known about the response of PA and FL bacteria to Microcystis blooms. Using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, we investigated the stability, assembly process, and co-occurrence patterns of PA and FL bacterial communities during distinct bloom stages. PA bacteria were phylogenetically different from their FL counterparts. Microcystis blooms substantially influenced bacterial communities. The time decay relationship model revealed that Microcystis blooms might increase the stability of both PA and FL bacterial communities. A contrasting community assembly mechanism was observed between the PA and FL bacterial communities. Throughout Microcystis blooms, homogeneous selection was the major assembly process that impacted the PA bacterial community, whereas drift explained much of the turnover of the FL bacterial community. Both PA and FL bacterial communities could be separated into modules related to different phases of Microcystis blooms. Microcystis blooms altered the assembly process of PA and FL bacterial communities. PA bacterial community appeared to be more responsive to Microcystis blooms than FL bacteria. Decomposition of Microcystis blooms may enhance cooperation among bacteria. Our findings highlight the importance of studying bacterial lifestyles to understand their functions in regulating Microcystis blooms. KEY POINTS: • Microcystis blooms alter the assembly process of PA and FL bacterial communities • Microcystis blooms increase the stability of both PA and FL bacterial communities • PA bacteria seem to be more responsive to Microcystis blooms than FL bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ve Van Le
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kang
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Ko
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yeong Park
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jay Jung Lee
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Chungbuk, 29027, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chan Choi
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Chungbuk, 29027, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yong Ahn
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Jeremias G, Muñiz-González AB, Mendes Gonçalves FJ, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Asselman J, Luísa Pereira J. History of exposure to copper influences transgenerational gene expression responses in Daphnia magna. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2296275. [PMID: 38154067 PMCID: PMC10761054 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2296275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of transgenerational effects following chemical exposure is a powerful phenomenon, capable of modulating ecosystem health beyond exposure periods. This study assessed the transgenerational effects occurring due to copper exposure in the invertebrate D. magna at the transcriptional level, while evaluating the role of exposure history on such responses. Thus, daphnids acclimated for several generations in a copper vs. clean medium were then exposed for one generation (F0) to this metal, and monitored for the following non-exposed generations (F1, F2 and F3). Organisms differing in exposure histories showed remarkably different transcriptional profiles at the F0, with naïve organisms being more profoundly affected. These trends were confirmed for F3 treatments, which presented different transcriptional patterns for genes involved in detoxification, oxidative stress, DNA damage repair, circadian clock functioning and epigenetic regulation. Furthermore, regardless of exposure history, a great number of histone modifier genes were always found transcriptionally altered, thus suggesting the involvement of histone modifications in the response of Daphnia to metal exposure. Lastly, remarkably distinct transgenerational transcriptional responses were found between naïve and non-naïve organisms, thereby highlighting the influence of exposure history on gene expression and confirming the capacity of metals to determine transgenerational transcriptional effects across non-exposed generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Jeremias
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana-Belén Muñiz-González
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Biology & Toxicology Group, Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Fluids, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José-Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Biology & Toxicology Group, Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Fluids, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jana Asselman
- Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Ostend, Belgium
| | - Joana Luísa Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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14
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Chen M, Yang J, Xue C, Tu T, Su Z, Feng H, Shi M, Zeng G, Zhang D, Qian X. Community composition of phytopathogenic fungi significantly influences ectomycorrhizal fungal communities during subtropical forest succession. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:99. [PMID: 38204135 PMCID: PMC10781812 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) can form symbiotic relationships with plants, aiding in plant growth by providing access to nutrients and defense against phytopathogenic fungi. In this context, factors such as plant assemblages and soil properties can impact the interaction between EMF and phytopathogenic fungi in forest soil. However, there is little understanding of how these fungal interactions evolve as forests move through succession stages. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate fungal communities in young, intermediate, and old subtropical forests. At the genus level, EMF communities were dominated by Sebacina, Russula, and Lactarius, while Mycena was the most abundant genus in pathogenic fungal communities. The relative abundances of EMF and phytopathogenic fungi in different stages showed no significant difference with the regulation of different factors. We discovered that interactions between phytopathogenic fungi and EMF maintained a dynamic balance under the influence of the differences in soil quality attributed to each forest successional stage. The community composition of phytopathogenic fungi is one of the strong drivers in shaping EMF communities over successions. In addition, the EMF diversity was significantly related to plant diversity, and these relationships varied among successional stages. Despite the regulation of various factors, the positive relationship between the diversity of phytopathogenic fungi and EMF remained unchanged. However, there is no significant difference in the ratio of the abundance of EMF and phytopathogenic fungi over the course of successions. These results will advance our understanding of the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning during forest succession. KEY POINTS: •Community composition of both EMF and phytopathogenic fungi changed significantly over forest succession. •Phytopathogenic fungi is a key driver in shaping EMF community. •The effect of plant Shannon's diversity on EMF communities changed during the forest aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhi Yang
- Guangdong Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunquan Xue
- Guangdong Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tieyao Tu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Su
- South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanhua Feng
- Guangdong Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Dianxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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15
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Enatsu Y, Roy J, Banerjee M. Hunting cooperation in a prey-predator model with maturation delay. J Biol Dyn 2024; 18:2332279. [PMID: 38517146 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2024.2332279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of a prey-predator model with cooperative hunting among specialist predators and maturation delay in predator growth. First, we consider a model without delay and explore the effect of hunting time on the coexistence of predator and their prey. When the hunting time is long enough and the cooperation rate among predators is weak, prey and predator species tend to coexist. Furthermore, we observe the occurrences of a series of bifurcations that depend on the cooperation rate and the hunting time. Second, we introduce a maturation delay for predator growth and analyse its impact on the system's dynamics. We find that as the delay becomes larger, predator species become more likely to go extinct, as the long maturation delay hinders the growth of the predator population. Our numerical exploration reveals that the delay causes shifts in both the bifurcation curves and bifurcation thresholds of the non-delayed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Enatsu
- Institute of Arts and Sciences, Oshamambe Division, Tokyo University of Science, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jyotirmoy Roy
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
- Department of Basic Science and Humanities, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Malay Banerjee
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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16
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Soylak M, Aksu B, Elzain Hassan Ahmed H. Carboxylated nanodiamonds@CuAl 2O 4@TiO 2 nanocomposite for the dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of nickel at trace levels from food samples. Food Chem 2024; 445:138733. [PMID: 38387322 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution poses a significant health risk, necessitating regular environmental monitoring for public safety. Elevated nickel concentrations can disrupt ecosystems and impact human health. This study presents a nano-sorbent can be used for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of nickel. The nano-sorbent was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, BET, and BJH. It demonstrated remarkable efficiency due to its nanoscale properties, optimizing results in exceptional extraction performance with minimal interference from common ions. A flame atomic absorption spectrometer was utilized for all measurements. It has a low LOD (0.29 μg L-1) and RSDs% (7.3 % and 6 % intra-day and inter-day, respectively), minimal variation, and a precisely accurate correlation (0.997). It can be used on black tea, green tea, carrots, coffee beans, tuna fish, herring fish, tobacco, soil, natural water, and wastewater samples. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analyzing TMDA-64.3 fortified water and NIST 1573a tomato leaves certified reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Soylak
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Birgul Aksu
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hassan Elzain Hassan Ahmed
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Sudan Atomic Energy Commission (SAEC) - Chemistry and Nuclear Physics Institute, Khartoum, Sudan
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17
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Ţuchiu BM, Stefan-van Staden RI, van Staden JKF. Recent Trends in Ibuprofen and Ketoprofen Electrochemical Quantification - A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024; 54:61-72. [PMID: 35286214 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are intensively manufactured, used, and regulated. However, these compounds incur toxic effects on gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal systems when administered in high doses for extended periods. Additionally, once these drugs reach the ecosystems through various pathways, they become environmental contaminants and raise ecological concerns. Traditional detection methods proposed for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs detection encompass certain limitations. In this context, the need for simple, cost-effective, sensitive, and selective detection methods that could improve the quality of analysis led the attention of the scientific community toward electrochemical sensors. The lowest limit of detection of ibuprofen (33.33 × 10-12 μmol L-1) was recorded for a sensor based on ibuprofen specific aptamer bound with nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode using differential pulse voltammetry, while the lowest limit of detection reported for ketoprofen was 0.11 μmol L-1 when differential pulse voltammetry was used. This review focuses on the construction, analytical performances, and applicability of electrochemical sensors developed for ibuprofen and ketoprofen determination. This work covers 24 articles published between 2016 and 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca-Maria Ţuchiu
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania - Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania - Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jacobus Koos Frederick van Staden
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania - Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Zhang M, Wang X, Liu S, Riaz T, Chen Q, Ouyang Q. Integrating target-responsive microfluidic-based biosensing chip with smartphone for simultaneous quantification of multiple fluoroquinolones. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 254:116192. [PMID: 38489967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The presence of fluoroquinolone (FQs) antibiotic residues in the food and environment has become a significant concern for human health and ecosystems. In this study, the background-free properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), the high specificity of the target aptamer (Apt), and the high quenching properties of graphene oxide (GO) were integrated into a microfluidic-based fluorescence biosensing chip (MFBC). Interestingly, the microfluidic channels of the MFBC were prepared by laser-printing technology without the need for complex preparation processes and additional specialized equipment. The target-responsive fluorescence biosensing probes loaded on the MFBC were prepared by self-assembly of the UCNPs-Apt complex with GO based on π-π stacking interactions, which can be used for the detection of the two FQs on a large scale without the need for multi-step manipulations and reactions, resulting in excellent multiplexed, automated and simultaneous sensing capabilities with detection limits as low as 1.84 ng/mL (enrofloxacin) and 2.22 ng/mL (ciprofloxacin). In addition, the MFBC was integrated with a smartphone into a portable device to enable the analysis of a wide range of FQs in the field. This research provides a simple-to-prepare biosensing chip with great potential for field applications and large-scale screening of FQs residues in the food and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Tahreem Riaz
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
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19
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Santini S, Baini M, Martellini T, Bissoli M, Galli M, Concato M, Fossi MC, Cincinelli A. Novel ultrasound assisted extraction and d-SPE clean-up for the analysis of multiple legacy and emerging organic contaminants in edible fish. Food Chem 2024; 443:138582. [PMID: 38301567 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), phthalate esters (PAEs) are pervasive environmental pollutants, posing threats to both ecosystems and human health. Although several analytical methods were developed for these compounds, they are not performed simultaneously. This study addresses the need for a sustainable, novel, analytical approach capable of simultaneously determining these diverse chemical classes in edible fish muscles. Employing ultrasound extraction coupled with dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) as a cleanup procedure, the method was compared to conventional techniques, revealing significant improvements. Analytical parameters were thoroughly assessed, and the innovative method demonstrated notable advantages, reducing extraction and purification times by approximately 74-80 % and solvent consumption by around 94-97 %. Applied to Mediterranean Sea fish samples, the results underscore the method's potential as a viable, sustainable alternative to traditional approaches, promising enhanced efficiency and reduced environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul Santini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Baini
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Bissoli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Galli
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Concato
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Physical Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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20
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Jiang J, Cao L, Jin X, Yu Z, Zhang H, Fu J, Jiang G. Response of ocean acidification to atmospheric carbon dioxide removal. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 140:79-90. [PMID: 38331517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Artificial CO2 removal from the atmosphere (also referred to as negative CO2 emissions) has been proposed as a potential means to counteract anthropogenic climate change. Here we use an Earth system model to examine the response of ocean acidification to idealized atmospheric CO2 removal scenarios. In our simulations, atmospheric CO2 is assumed to increase at a rate of 1% per year to four times its pre-industrial value and then decreases to the pre-industrial level at a rate of 0.5%, 1%, 2% per year, respectively. Our results show that the annual mean state of surface ocean carbonate chemistry fields including hydrogen ion concentration ([H+]), pH and aragonite saturation state respond quickly to removal of atmospheric CO2. However, the change of seasonal cycle in carbonate chemistry lags behind the decline in atmospheric CO2. When CO2 returns to the pre-industrial level, over some parts of the ocean, relative to the pre-industrial state, the seasonal amplitude of carbonate chemistry fields is substantially larger. Simulation results also show that changes in deep ocean carbonate chemistry substantially lag behind atmospheric CO2 change. When CO2 returns to its pre-industrial value, the whole-ocean acidity measured by [H+] is 15%-18% larger than the pre-industrial level, depending on the rate of CO2 decrease. Our study demonstrates that even if atmospheric CO2 can be lowered in the future as a result of net negative CO2 emissions, the recovery of some aspects of ocean acidification would take decades to centuries, which would have important implications for the resilience of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Long Cao
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zechen Yu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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21
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Liao YCZ, Pu HX, Jiao ZW, Palviainen M, Zhou X, Heinonsalo J, Berninger F, Pumpanen J, Köster K, Sun H. Enhancing boreal forest resilience: A four-year impact of biochar on soil quality and fungal communities. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127696. [PMID: 38518453 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Boreal forests commonly suffer from nutrient deficiency due to restricted biological activity and decomposition. Biochar has been used as a promising strategy to improve soil quality, yet its impacts on forest soil microbes, particularly in cold environment, remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of biochar, produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (500 °C and 650 °C) and applied at different amounts (0.5 kg·m-2 and 1.0 kg·m-2), on soil property, soil enzyme activity, and fungal community dynamics in a boreal forest over a span of two to four years. Our results showed that, four-year post-application of biochar produced at 650 °C and applied at 1.0 kg·m-2, significantly increased the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota and enhanced fungal species richness, α-diversity and evenness compared to the control (CK) (P < 0.05). Notably, the abundance of Phialocephala fortinii increased with the application of biochar produced at 500 °C and applied at 0.5 kg·m-2, exhibiting a positively correlation with the carbon cycling-related enzyme β-cellobiosidase. Functionally, distinct fungal gene structures were formed between different biochar pyrolysis temperatures, and between application amounts in four-year post-biochar application (P < 0.05). Additionally, correlation analyses revealed the significance of the duration post-biochar application on the soil properties, soil extracellular enzymes, soil fungal dominant phyla, fungal community and gene structures (P < 0.01). The interaction between biochar pyrolysis temperature and application amount significantly influenced fungal α-diversity (P < 0.01). Overall, these findings provide theoretical insights and practical application for biochar as soil amendment in boreal forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chun-Zi Liao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hong-Xiu Pu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zi-Wen Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Marjo Palviainen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P. O. Box 27, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 E, P. O. Box 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Jussi Heinonsalo
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P. O. Box 27, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 E, P. O. Box 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 E, P. O. Box 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 E, P. O. Box 1627, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Hui Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P. O. Box 27, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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22
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Du S, Wang L, Yang H, Zhang Q. Tree phylogeny predicts more than litter chemical components in explaining enzyme activities in forest leaf litter decomposition. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127658. [PMID: 38457993 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Litter decomposition is an important process in ecosystem and despite recent research elucidating the significant influence of plant phylogeny on plant-associated microbial communities, it remains uncertain whether a parallel correlation exists between plant phylogeny and the community of decomposers residing in forest litter. In this study, we conducted a controlled litterbag experiment using leaf litter from ten distinct tree species in a central subtropical forest ecosystem in a region characterized by subtropical humid monsoon climate in China. The litterbags were placed in situ using a random experimental design and were collected after 12 months of incubation. Then, the litter chemical properties, microbial community composition and activities of enzyme related to the decomposition of organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were assessed. Across all ten tree species, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were identified as the predominant bacterial classes, while the primary fungal classes were Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Mantel test revealed significant correlations between litter chemical component and microbial communities, as well as enzyme activities linked to N and C metabolism. However, after controlling for plant phylogenetic distance in partial Mantel test, the relationships between litter chemical component and microbial community structure and enzyme activities were not significant. Random forest and structural equation modeling indicated that plant phylogenetic distance exerted a more substantial influence than litter chemical components on microbial communities and enzyme activities associated with the decomposition of leaf litter. In summary, plant phylogenic divergence was found to be a more influential predictor of enzyme activity variations than microbial communities and litter traits, which were commonly considered reliable indicators of litter decomposition and ecosystem function, thereby highlighting the previously underestimated significance of plant phylogeny in shaping litter microbial communities and enzyme activities associated with degradation processes in forest litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Du
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, PR China
| | - Lujun Wang
- Anhui Academy of Forestry, No.618-1 Huangshan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Haishui Yang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
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23
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Kondrateva E, Vereshchagina K, Mutin A, Timofeyev M. Thermal tolerance of a freshwater amphipod Gammarus lacustris can be enhanced by acclimation to higher mineralization. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 292:111622. [PMID: 38452970 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Temperature and mineralization are among the most important environmental factors affecting all processes of aquatic ecosystems, including geographical distribution of water animals. Previously we showed that a brackish water population of Gammarus lacustris, a widespread amphipod, demonstrates substantially higher thermotolerance than a freshwater population. A possible reason for this difference is the fact that brackish water conditions are closer to internal media mineralization. Here we aimed to test this hypothesis and relate the observed effects in animal survival under the heat shock to the status of cellular defence systems. We acclimated four groups of amphipods from the same freshwater population to 0.5 ‰ and 15 ‰ at the temperatures of 6°С or 15°С. Acclimation at 6°С, but not at 15°С, to 15 ‰ significantly increased resistance of the amphipods to heat shock at 30°C. At 6°С activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of the lipid peroxidation products in G. lacustris did not react to the increase in mineralization and the heat shock, while the level of HSP70 elevated two-fold in amphipods acclimated to mineralization of 15 ‰ compared to animals acclimated to 0.5 ‰. Thus, the observed increase in thermotolerance could be explained by the higher initial level of HSP70 and potentially other heat shock proteins caused by a less energy-demanding, more isotonic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kseniya Vereshchagina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia; Baikal Research Centre, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - Andrei Mutin
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Timofeyev
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
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24
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Ling T. Transferability of Lessons From Program Evaluations: Iron Laws, Hiding Hands and the Evidence Ecosystem. Eval Rev 2024; 48:410-426. [PMID: 38235700 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x241228332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Assessing the transferability of lessons from social research or evaluation continues to raise challenges. Efforts to identify transferable lessons can be based on two different forms of argumentation. The first draws upon statistics and causal inferences. The second involves constructing a reasoned case based on weighing up different data collected along the causal chain from designing to delivery. Both approaches benefit from designing research based upon existing evidence and ensuring that the descriptions of the programme, context, and intended beneficiaries are sufficiently rich. Identifying transferable lessons should not be thought of as a one-off event but involves contributing to the iterative and learning of a scientific community. To understand the circumstances under which findings can be confidently transferred, we need to understand: (1) How far and why outcomes of interest have multiple, interacting and fluctuating causes. (2) The program design and implementation capacity. (3) Prior knowledge and causal landscapes (and how far these are included in the theory of change). (4) New and relevant knowledge; what can we learn in our 'disputatious community of truth seekers'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Ling
- Health and Wellbeing, RAND Europe, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Yu C, Hua W, Yang C, Fang S, Li Y, Yuan Q. From sky to road: Incorporating the satellite imagery into analysis of freight truck-related crash factors. Accid Anal Prev 2024; 200:107491. [PMID: 38489941 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Freight truck-related crashes in urban contexts have caused significant economic losses and casualties, making it increasingly essential to understand the spatial patterns of such crashes. Limitations regarding data availability have greatly undermined the generalizability and applicability of certain prior research findings. This study explores the potential of emerging geospatial data to delve deeply into the determinants of these incidents with a more generalizable research design. By synergizing high-resolution satellite imagery with refined GIS map data and geospatial tabular data, a rich tapestry of the road environment and freight truck operations emerges. To navigate the challenges of zero-inflated issues of the crash datasets, the Tweedie Gradient Boosting model is adopted. Results reveal a pronounced spatial heterogeneity between highway and urban non-highway road networks in crash determinants. Factors such as freight truck activity, intricate road network patterns, and vehicular densities rise to prominence, albeit with varying degrees of influence across highways and urban non-highway terrains. Results emphasize the need for context-specific interventions for policymakers, encompassing optimized urban planning, infrastructural overhauls, and refined traffic management protocols. This endeavor may not only elevate the academic discourse around freight truck-related crashes but also champion a data-driven approach towards safer road ecosystems for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yu
- Urban Mobility Institute, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China; Intelligent Transportation Research Center, Zhejiang Lab, 311121 Hangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education at Tongji University, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Intelligent Transportation Research Center, Zhejiang Lab, 311121 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Urban Mobility Institute, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China; The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education at Tongji University, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China.
| | - Shen Fang
- Intelligent Transportation Research Center, Zhejiang Lab, 311121 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanhe Li
- The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education at Tongji University, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China.
| | - Quan Yuan
- Urban Mobility Institute, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China; The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Ministry of Education at Tongji University, Tongji University, 201804 Shanghai, China.
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26
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Hussain ST, Baumann C. The human side of biodiversity: coevolution of the human niche, palaeo-synanthropy and ecosystem complexity in the deep human past. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230021. [PMID: 38583478 PMCID: PMC10999276 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Today's biodiversity crisis fundamentally threatens the habitability of the planet, thus ranking among the primary human challenges of our time. Much emphasis is currently placed on the loss of biodiversity in the Anthropocene, yet these debates often portray biodiversity as a purely natural phenomenon without much consideration of its human dimensions and frequently lack long-term vistas. This paper offers a deep-time perspective on the key role of the evolving human niche in ecosystem functioning and biodiversity dynamics. We summarize research on past hunter-gatherer ecosystem contributions and argue that human-environment feedback systems with important biodiversity consequences are probably a recurrent feature of the Late Pleistocene, perhaps with even deeper roots. We update current understandings of the human niche in this light and suggest that the formation of palaeo-synanthropic niches in other animals proffers a powerful model system to investigate recursive interactions of foragers and ecosystems. Archaeology holds important knowledge here and shows that ecosystem contributions vary greatly in relation to different human lifeways, some of which are lost today. We therefore recommend paying more attention to the intricate relationship between biodiversity and cultural diversity, contending that promotion of the former depends on fostering the latter. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumon T. Hussain
- MESH – Center for Multidisciplinary Environmental Studies in the Humanities & Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Weyertal 59, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, Moesgård Allé 20, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark
- BIOCHANGE – Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Chris Baumann
- Biogeology Research Group, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, PL 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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27
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Enquist BJ, Erwin D, Savage V, Marquet PA. Scaling approaches and macroecology provide a foundation for assessing ecological resilience in the Anthropocene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230010. [PMID: 38583479 PMCID: PMC10999275 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the Anthropocene, intensifying ecological disturbances pose significant challenges to our predictive capabilities for ecosystem responses. Macroecology-which focuses on emergent statistical patterns in ecological systems-unveils consistent regularities in the organization of biodiversity and ecosystems. These regularities appear in terms of abundance, body size, geographical range, species interaction networks, or the flux of matter and energy. This paper argues for moving beyond qualitative resilience metaphors, such as the 'ball and cup', towards a more quantitative macroecological framework. We suggest a conceptual and theoretical basis for ecological resilience that integrates macroecology with a stochastic diffusion approximation constrained by principles of biological symmetry. This approach provides an alternative novel framework for studying ecological resilience in the Anthropocene. We demonstrate how our framework can effectively quantify the impacts of major disturbances and their extensive ecological ramifications. We further show how biological scaling insights can help quantify the consequences of major disturbances, emphasizing their cascading ecological impacts. The nature of these impacts prompts a re-evaluation of our understanding of resilience. Emphasis on regularities of ecological assemblages can help illuminate resilience dynamics and offer a novel basis to predict and manage the impacts of disturbance in the Anthropocene more efficiently. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Enquist
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Arizona, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Doug Erwin
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Paleobiology, MRC-121, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Van Savage
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pablo A. Marquet
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV), CP 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciemcias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, CP 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Modelamiento Matemático (CMM), Universidad de Chile, International Research Laboratory, 2807, CNRS, CP 8370456 Santiago, Chile
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28
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Liu C, Van Meerbeek K. Predicting the responses of European grassland communities to climate and land cover change. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230335. [PMID: 38583469 PMCID: PMC10999271 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
European grasslands are among the most species-rich ecosystems on small spatial scales. However, human-induced activities like land use and climate change pose significant threats to this diversity. To explore how climate and land cover change will affect biodiversity and community composition in grassland ecosystems, we conducted joint species distribution models (SDMs) on the extensive vegetation-plot database sPlotOpen to project distributions of 1178 grassland species across Europe under current conditions and three future scenarios. We further compared model accuracy and computational efficiency between joint SDMs (JSDMs) and stacked SDMs, especially for rare species. Our results show that: (i) grassland communities in the mountain ranges are expected to suffer high rates of species loss, while those in western, northern and eastern Europe will experience substantial turnover; (ii) scaling anomalies were observed in the predicted species richness, reflecting regional differences in the dominant drivers of assembly processes; (iii) JSDMs did not outperform stacked SDMs in predictive power but demonstrated superior efficiency in model fitting and predicting; and (iv) incorporating co-occurrence datasets improved the model performance in predicting the distribution of rare species. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders 3001, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Van Meerbeek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders 3001, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
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29
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Jung M, Alagador D, Chapman M, Hermoso V, Kujala H, O'Connor L, Schinegger R, Verburg PH, Visconti P. An assessment of the state of conservation planning in Europe. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230015. [PMID: 38583468 PMCID: PMC10999267 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Expanding and managing current habitat and species protection measures is at the heart of the European biodiversity strategy. A structured approach is needed to gain insights into such issues is systematic conservation planning, which uses techniques from decision theory to identify places and actions that contribute most effectively to policy objectives given a set of constraints. Yet culturally and historically determined European landscapes make the implementation of any conservation plans challenging, requiring an analysis of synergies and trade-offs before implementation. In this work, we review the scientific literature for evidence of previous conservation planning approaches, highlighting recent advances and success stories. We find that the conceptual characteristics of European conservation planning studies likely reduced their potential in contributing to better-informed decisions. We outline pathways towards improving the uptake of decision theory and multi-criteria conservation planning at various scales, particularly highlighting the need for (a) open data and intuitive tools, (b) the integration of biodiversity-focused conservation planning with multiple objectives, (c) accounting of dynamic ecological processes and functions, and (d) better facilitation of entry-points and co-design practices of conservation planning scenarios with stakeholders. By adopting and improving these practices, European conservation planning might become more actionable and adaptable towards implementable policy outcomes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jung
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlosspark 1, Laxenburg, 2361, Austria
| | - Diogo Alagador
- Biodiversity Chair, MED: Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, 7006-554, University of Evora, Portugal
| | - Melissa Chapman
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlosspark 1, Laxenburg, 2361, Austria
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Virgilio Hermoso
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Heini Kujala
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Louise O'Connor
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlosspark 1, Laxenburg, 2361, Austria
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rafaela Schinegger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter H. Verburg
- VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Swiss Federal Institute WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Piero Visconti
- Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation Research Group, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlosspark 1, Laxenburg, 2361, Austria
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30
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Henriksen MV, Arlé E, Pili A, Clarke DA, García-Berthou E, Groom Q, Lenzner B, Meyer C, Seebens H, Tingley R, Winter M, McGeoch MA. Global indicators of the environmental impacts of invasive alien species and their information adequacy. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230323. [PMID: 38583467 PMCID: PMC10999262 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the extent to which invasive alien species (IAS) negatively impact the environment is crucial for understanding and mitigating biological invasions. Indeed, such information is vital for achieving Target 6 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. However, to-date indicators for tracking the environmental impacts of IAS have been either lacking or insufficient. Capitalizing on advances in data availability and impact assessment protocols, we developed environmental impact indicators to track realized and potential impacts of IAS. We also developed an information status indicator to assess the adequacy of the data underlying the impact indicators. We used data on 75 naturalized amphibians from 82 countries to demonstrate the indicators at a global scale. The information status indicator shows variation in the reliability of the data and highlights areas where absence of impact should be interpreted with caution. Impact indicators show that growth in potential impacts are dominated by predatory species, while potential impacts from both predation and disease transmission are distributed worldwide. Using open access data, the indicators are reproducible and adaptable across scales and taxa and can be used to assess global trends and distributions of IAS, assisting authorities in prioritizing control efforts and identifying areas at risk of future invasions. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie V. Henriksen
- Department of Landscape and Biodiversity, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Trondheim 7031, Norway
| | - Eduardo Arlé
- Macroecology & Society, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997712, Israel
| | - Arman Pili
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A. Clarke
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Bernd Lenzner
- Division of BioInvasions, Global Change & Macroecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carsten Meyer
- Macroecology & Society, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences and Geography, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hanno Seebens
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt 6325, Germany
| | - Reid Tingley
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
- EnviroDNA Pty Ltd, 95 Albert Street, Brunswick, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Marten Winter
- sDiv, Synthesis Centre, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melodie A. McGeoch
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
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Ordonez A, Gill JL. Unravelling the functional and phylogenetic dimensions of novel ecosystem assemblages. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230324. [PMID: 38583470 PMCID: PMC10999274 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human activities are causing taxonomic rearrangements across ecosystems that often result in the emergence of novel communities (assemblies with no historical representative). It is commonly assumed that these changes in the taxonomic makeup of ecosystems also inevitably lead to changes in other aspects of biodiversity, namely functional and phylogenetic diversity. However, this assumption is not always valid, as the changes in functional and phylogenetic composition resulting from taxonomic shifts depend on the level of redundancy in the evaluated community. Therefore, we need improved theoretical frameworks to predict when we can expect coordinated or decoupled responses among these three facets of biodiversity. To advance this understanding, we discuss the conceptual and methodological issues that complicate establishing a link between taxonomic rearrangements driven by human activities and the associated functional and phylogenetic changes. Here, we show that is crucial to consider the expected changes in functional and phylogenetic composition as communities are reshaped owing to human drivers of biodiversity loss to forecast the impacts of novel assemblages on ecosystem functions and the services they provide to humanity. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ordonez
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jacquelyn L. Gill
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Room 100 Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Room 100 Orono, ME 04469, USA
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Davoli M, Svenning JC. Future changes in society and climate may strongly shape wild large-herbivore faunas across Europe. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230334. [PMID: 38583466 PMCID: PMC10999261 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Restoring wild communities of large herbivores is critical for the conservation of biodiverse ecosystems, but environmental changes in the twenty-first century could drastically affect the availability of habitats. We projected future habitat dynamics for 18 wild large herbivores in Europe and the relative future potential patterns of species richness and assemblage mean body weight considering four alternative scenarios of socioeconomic development in human society and greenhouse gas emissions (SSP1-RCP2.6, SSP2-RCP4.5, SSP3-RCP7.0, SSP5-RCP8.5). Under SSP1-RCP2.6, corresponding to a transition towards sustainable development, we found stable habitat suitability for most species and overall stable assemblage mean body weight compared to the present, with an average increase in species richness (in 2100: 3.03 ± 1.55 compared to today's 2.25 ± 1.31 species/area). The other scenarios are generally unfavourable for the conservation of wild large herbivores, although under the SSP5-RCP8.5 scenario there would be increase in species richness and assemblage mean body weight in some southern regions (e.g. + 62.86 kg mean body weight in Balkans/Greece). Our results suggest that a shift towards a sustainable socioeconomic development would overall provide the best prospect of our maintaining or even increasing the diversity of wild herbivore assemblages in Europe, thereby promoting trophic complexity and the potential to restore functioning and self-regulating ecosystems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Davoli
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Dell'Università 32, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Zurell D, Schifferle K, Herrando S, Keller V, Lehikoinen A, Sattler T, Wiedenroth L. Range and climate niche shifts in European and North American breeding birds. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230013. [PMID: 38583472 PMCID: PMC10999265 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Species respond dynamically to climate change and exhibit time lags. Consequently, species may not occupy their full climatic niche during range shifting. Here, we assessed climate niche tracking during recent range shifts of European and United States (US) birds. Using data from two European bird atlases and from the North American Breeding Bird Survey between the 1980s and 2010s, we analysed range overlap and climate niche overlap based on kernel density estimation. Phylogenetic multiple regression was used to assess the effect of species morphological, ecological and biogeographic traits on range and niche metrics. European birds shifted their ranges north and north-eastwards, US birds westwards. Range unfilling was lower than expected by null models, and niche expansion was more common than niche unfilling. Also, climate niche tracking was generally lower in US birds and poorly explained by species traits. Overall, our results suggest that dispersal limitations were minor in range shifting birds in Europe and the USA while delayed extinctions from unfavourable areas seem more important. Regional differences could be related to differences in land use history and monitoring schemes. Comparative analyses of range and niche shifts provide a useful screening approach for identifying the importance of transient dynamics and time-lagged responses to climate change. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris Zurell
- Ecology and Macroecology Laboratory, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Katrin Schifferle
- Ecology and Macroecology Laboratory, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sergi Herrando
- European Bird Census Council (EBCC), Prague, CZ-150 00, Czech Republic
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, ES-08193, Spain
- Catalan Ornithological Institute (ICO), Natural Science Museum of Barcelona, Barcelona, ES-08019, Spain
| | - Verena Keller
- European Bird Census Council (EBCC), Prague, CZ-150 00, Czech Republic
- Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Aleksi Lehikoinen
- European Bird Census Council (EBCC), Prague, CZ-150 00, Czech Republic
- The Helsinki Laboratory of Ornithology, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Thomas Sattler
- Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Levin Wiedenroth
- Ecology and Macroecology Laboratory, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
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Alsos IG, Boussange V, Rijal DP, Beaulieu M, Brown AG, Herzschuh U, Svenning JC, Pellissier L. Using ancient sedimentary DNA to forecast ecosystem trajectories under climate change. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230017. [PMID: 38583481 PMCID: PMC10999269 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem response to climate change is complex. In order to forecast ecosystem dynamics, we need high-quality data on changes in past species abundance that can inform process-based models. Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) has revolutionised our ability to document past ecosystems' dynamics. It provides time series of increased taxonomic resolution compared to microfossils (pollen, spores), and can often give species-level information, especially for past vascular plant and mammal abundances. Time series are much richer in information than contemporary spatial distribution information, which have been traditionally used to train models for predicting biodiversity and ecosystem responses to climate change. Here, we outline the potential contribution of sedaDNA to forecast ecosystem changes. We showcase how species-level time series may allow quantification of the effect of biotic interactions in ecosystem dynamics, and be used to estimate dispersal rates when a dense network of sites is available. By combining palaeo-time series, process-based models, and inverse modelling, we can recover the biotic and abiotic processes underlying ecosystem dynamics, which are traditionally very challenging to characterise. Dynamic models informed by sedaDNA can further be used to extrapolate beyond current dynamics and provide robust forecasts of ecosystem responses to future climate change. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Greve Alsos
- The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Victor Boussange
- Department of Environmental System Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Dilli Prasad Rijal
- The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marieke Beaulieu
- The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Antony Gavin Brown
- The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ulrike Herzschuh
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Telegraphenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Geography, Potsdam University, 14479 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO) & Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Department of Environmental System Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Allen BJ, Hill DJ, Burke AM, Clark M, Marchant R, Stringer LC, Williams DR, Lyon C. Projected future climatic forcing on the global distribution of vegetation types. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230011. [PMID: 38583474 PMCID: PMC10999268 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Most emissions scenarios suggest temperature and precipitation regimes will change dramatically across the globe over the next 500 years. These changes will have large impacts on the biosphere, with species forced to migrate to follow their preferred environmental conditions, therefore moving and fragmenting ecosystems. However, most projections of the impacts of climate change only reach 2100, limiting our understanding of the temporal scope of climate impacts, and potentially impeding suitable adaptive action. To address this data gap, we model future climate change every 20 years from 2000 to 2500 CE, under different CO2 emissions scenarios, using a general circulation model. We then apply a biome model to these modelled climate futures, to investigate shifts in climatic forcing on vegetation worldwide, the feasibility of the migration required to enact these modelled vegetation changes, and potential overlap with human land use based on modern-day anthromes. Under a business-as-usual scenario, up to 40% of terrestrial area is expected to be suited to a different biome by 2500. Cold-adapted biomes, particularly boreal forest and dry tundra, are predicted to experience the greatest losses of suitable area. Without mitigation, these changes could have severe consequences both for global biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany J. Allen
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel 4056, Switzerland
- Computational Evolution Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J. Hill
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ariane M. Burke
- Département d'Anthropologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michael Clark
- Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3BD, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Robert Marchant
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Lindsay C. Stringer
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, UK
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- York Environmental Sustainability Institute, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - David R. Williams
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christopher Lyon
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, UK
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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McGeoch MA, Clarke DA, Mungi NA, Ordonez A. A nature-positive future with biological invasions: theory, decision support and research needs. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230014. [PMID: 38583473 PMCID: PMC10999266 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2050, most areas of biodiversity significance will be heavily influenced by multiple drivers of environmental change. This includes overlap with the introduced ranges of many alien species that negatively impact biodiversity. With the decline in biodiversity and increase in all forms of global change, the need to envision the desired qualities of natural systems in the Anthropocene is growing, as is the need to actively maintain their natural values. Here, we draw on community ecology and invasion biology to (i) better understand trajectories of change in communities with a mix of native and alien populations, and (ii) to frame approaches to the stewardship of these mixed-species communities. We provide a set of premises and actions upon which a nature-positive future with biological invasions (NPF-BI) could be based, and a decision framework for dealing with uncertain species movements under climate change. A series of alternative management approaches become apparent when framed by scale-sensitive, spatially explicit, context relevant and risk-consequence considerations. Evidence of the properties of mixed-species communities together with predictive frameworks for the relative importance of the ecological processes at play provide actionable pathways to a NPF in which the reality of mixed-species communities are accommodated and managed. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melodie A. McGeoch
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - David A. Clarke
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ninad Avinash Mungi
- Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Ordonez
- Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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Ordonez A, Riede F, Normand S, Svenning JC. Towards a novel biosphere in 2300: rapid and extensive global and biome-wide climatic novelty in the Anthropocene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230022. [PMID: 38583475 PMCID: PMC10999272 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent climate change has effectively rewound the climate clock by approximately 120 000 years and is expected to reverse this clock a further 50 Myr by 2100. We aimed to answer two essential questions to better understand the changes in ecosystems worldwide owing to predicted climate change. Firstly, we identify the locations and time frames where novel ecosystems could emerge owing to climate change. Secondly, we aim to determine the extent to which biomes, in their current distribution, will experience an increase in climate-driven ecological novelty. To answer these questions, we analysed three perspectives on how climate changes could result in novel ecosystems in the near term (2100), medium (2200) and long term (2300). These perspectives included identifying areas where climate change could result in new climatic combinations, climate isoclines moving faster than species migration capacity and current environmental patterns being disaggregated. Using these metrics, we determined when and where novel ecosystems could emerge. Our analysis shows that unless rapid mitigation measures are taken, the coverage of novel ecosystems could be over 50% of the land surface by 2100 under all change scenarios. By 2300, the coverage of novel ecosystems could be above 80% of the land surface. At the biome scale, these changes could mean that over 50% of locations could shift towards novel ecosystems, with the majority seeing these changes in the next few decades. Our research shows that the impact of climate change on ecosystems is complex and varied, requiring global action to mitigate and adapt to these changes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Biodiversity dynamics and stewardship in a transforming biosphere'. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ordonez
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, and Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Felix Riede
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, School of Culture and Society, and Department of Archeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, Moesgård Allé, 208270 Højbjerg, Denmark
| | - Signe Normand
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, and Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, Section of Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, and Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Svenning JC, McGeoch MA, Normand S, Ordonez A, Riede F. Navigating ecological novelty towards planetary stewardship: challenges and opportunities in biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230008. [PMID: 38583480 PMCID: PMC10999270 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human-induced global changes, including anthropogenic climate change, biotic globalization, trophic downgrading and pervasive land-use intensification, are transforming Earth's biosphere, placing biodiversity and ecosystems at the forefront of unprecedented challenges. The Anthropocene, characterized by the importance of Homo sapiens in shaping the Earth system, necessitates a re-evaluation of our understanding and stewardship of ecosystems. This theme issue delves into the multifaceted challenges posed by the ongoing ecological planetary transformation and explores potential solutions across four key subthemes. Firstly, it investigates the functioning and stewardship of emerging novel ecosystems, emphasizing the urgent need to comprehend the dynamics of ecosystems under uncharted conditions. The second subtheme focuses on biodiversity projections under global change, recognizing the necessity of predicting ecological shifts in the Anthropocene. Importantly, the inherent uncertainties and the complexity of ecological responses to environmental stressors pose challenges for societal responses and for accurate projections of ecological change. The RAD framework (resist-accept-direct) is highlighted as a flexible yet nuanced decision-making tool that recognizes the need for adaptive approaches, providing insights for directing and adapting to Anthropocene dynamics while minimizing negative impacts. The imperative to extend our temporal perspective beyond 2100 is emphasized, given the irreversible changes already set in motion. Advancing methods to study ecosystem dynamics under rising biosphere novelty is the subject of the third subtheme. The fourth subtheme emphasizes the importance of integrating human perspectives into understanding, forecasting and managing novel ecosystems. Cultural diversity and biological diversity are intertwined, and the evolving relationship between humans and ecosystems offers lessons for future stewardship. Achieving planetary stewardship in the Anthropocene demands collaboration across scales and integration of ecological and societal perspectives, scalable approaches fit to changing, novel ecological conditions, as well as cultural innovation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes under Global Change (SustainScapes), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Melodie A. McGeoch
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - Signe Normand
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes under Global Change (SustainScapes), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Center for Landscape Research in Sustainable Agricultural Futures (Land-CRAFT), Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Ordonez
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Center for Sustainable Landscapes under Global Change (SustainScapes), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Felix Riede
- Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, Moesgård Allé 20, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark
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Moon TS. Earth: Extinguishing anthropogenic risks through harmonization. N Biotechnol 2024; 80:69-71. [PMID: 38367910 PMCID: PMC10939714 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Human diseases can kill one person at a time, but the COVID-19 pandemic showed massacres could be possible. The climate crisis could be even worse, potentially leading to a bigger number of deaths of the human species and all living systems on Earth. I urge us to change our human-focused mindset to solve many problems, including the climate crisis, which humans caused to the entire ecosystems due to our arrogance: humans own this world. In this perspective article, I propose four recommendations to address climate issues through paradigm change and safe and sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Seok Moon
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Febvre C, Goldblatt C, El-Sabaawi R. Thermal performance of ecosystems: Modeling how physiological responses to temperature scale up in communities. J Theor Biol 2024; 585:111792. [PMID: 38513968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how ecosystems respond to their environmental temperature is a major challenge. Thermodynamic constraints on species' metabolic rates are expected to affect ecosystem characteristics, but species interactions and interspecific variation in physiological thermal response curves (TRC) may obscure ecosystem-level responses to temperature. As a result, macroecological patterns related to temperature are still poorly understood. We investigate how physiological TRC scale up to ecosystem-level thermal responses by modifying the Tangled Nature (TaNa) model, a stochastic network model of ecology and evolution. We include new parameterizations that make reproduction, death, and mutation temperature-dependent. We find that ecosystem survival probability depends on how the minimum fitness required for species survival varies with temperature. The thermal response of ecosystem survival probability is the only ecosystem property that is sensitive to interspecific variation in TRC. Species richness scales up directly from the TRC of mutation rate, and average species population sizes are inversely related to mutation rate, with Species Abundance Distributions (SADs) exhibiting more rare species in warmer temperatures. Interactions between species are also inversely related to mutation, with positive interactions occurring more frequently in colder temperatures. The abundance of surviving ecosystems is not sensitive to temperature. This work helps clarify the specific relationships between physiological responses to temperature and ecosystem-level repercussions when species are interacting and adapting to their thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Febvre
- School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, 3600 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3600 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Colin Goldblatt
- School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, 3600 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Rana El-Sabaawi
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3600 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Richards KJ, Timmermann A. Dispersal and interbreeding as survival strategies for species exposed to environment change. J Theor Biol 2024; 585:111797. [PMID: 38518828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The success of individual species under a change to the environment is dependent on a number of factors, which include the changes to habitat, competition with other species and adaptability. Here we investigate the impact of differing dispersal characteristics of two competing species responding to the change using an idealized spatio-temporal model. The rate of dispersion is given by a combination of the growth term and the form of the diffusion term, which is set to give either normal diffusion or anomalous (super) diffusion. The later is brought about by employing fractional diffusion and we characterize the population as being more adventurous than the population undergoing normal diffusion. The more adventurous population is found, not surprisingly, to reach and occupy uninhabited ground before the population undergoing normal diffusion can get there. Interbreeding is found to be important in that it can aid the spread of the less adventurous population preventing its extinction. The response to an abrupt environment change, taken here to be a change in the distribution of the growth rate, is dependent on the initial conditions, the dispersion characteristics, and the level of interbreeding, leading to very different intermediate and final states. Our results highlight instances when a particular dispersal strategy gives a population an edge over another. In the cases considered here we find states where the more adventurous population can dominate across the domain, the two populations exist in separate parts of the domain separated by fronts, and both populations coexist across the domain in the medium term with one or other of the populations dominating across the domain in the long term. Given the long time to reach equilibrium where one or other of the populations dominate, consideration needs to be put to the time scale of change, as sufficiently frequent change can allow coexistence. We demonstrate the need to include dispersion characteristics when considering the factors affecting the response of species to a change in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin J Richards
- International Pacific Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Axel Timmermann
- Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan, South Korea; Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Lv L, Jia F, Deng M, Di S, Chu T, Wang Y. Toxic mechanisms of imazalil, azoxystrobin and their mixture to hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens). Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172022. [PMID: 38552970 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
While combinations of pesticides better represent actual conditions within aquatic ecosystems, the specific toxic effects of these combinations have not been determined yet. The objective of this research was to assess the combined impact of imazalil and azoxystrobin on the hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens) and delve into the underlying causes. Our findings indicated that the 4-day LC50 value for imazalil (1.85 mg L-1) was greater than that for azoxystrobin (0.90 mg L-1). When imazalil and azoxystrobin were combined, they presented a heightened effect on the species. Enzyme activities like SOD, CAT, GST, and CarE, along with androgen and estrogen levels, displayed marked differences in most single and combined treatments in comparison to the baseline group. Moreover, four genes (mn-sod, cu-sod, il-1, and esr) related to oxidative stress, immunity, and the endocrine system exhibited more pronounced expression changes when exposed to combined pesticides rather than individual ones. Our tests revealed that the combined use of imazalil and azoxystrobin had more detrimental effect on aquatic vertebrates than when evaluated individually. This finding suggested that future ecological hazard analyses based only on individual tests might not sufficiently safeguard our aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangzhao Jia
- Zunyi City Company Suiyang Branch, Guizhou Province Tobacco Company, Suiyang, 563300, Guizhou, China
| | - Meihua Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Di
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianfen Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Ruiz-Checa R, Pérez-Jordán H, García-Gómez H, Prieto-Benítez S, Gónzalez-Fernández I, Alonso R. Foliar nitrogen uptake in broadleaf evergreen Mediterranean forests: Fertilisation experiment with labelled nitrogen. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171865. [PMID: 38518824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests of Holm oak (Quercus rotundifolia, Q. ilex) in Spain often exceeds empirical critical loads established for ecosystem conservation. There are still uncertainties on the capacity of canopy retention and uptake of the atmospheric N deposited of these forests. Studying and analysing all the forest nitrogen-cycle processes is essential to understand the potential effect of N deposition in these ecosystems. This study conducted a year-long short-term fertilisation experiment with labelled ammonium (15N-NH4) and nitrate (15N-NO3) to estimate foliar N absorption rates and assess the influence of leaf phenology and meteorological seasonal variations. Fertilising solutions were prepared to simulate low and high wet N deposition concentration, based on data reported from previous studies. Additionally, ecophysiological and meteorological measurements were collected to explore potential relationships between absorption rates, plant activity, and weather conditions. The results showed that Holm oak leaves were able to absorb both oxidised and reduced N compounds, with higher rates of NH4+ absorption. N recovery of both NH4+ and NO3- was higher in the low concentration treatments, suggesting reduced effectiveness of absorption as concentration increases. Foliar absorption rates were leaf-age dependent, with the highest values observed in young developing leaves. Foliar uptake showed seasonal changes with a clear reduction during the summer, linked to drought and dry weather conditions, and showing also smaller leaf net assimilation and stomatal conductance. During the rest of the year, foliar N absorption was not clearly associated to plant physiological activity but with environmental conditions. Our findings suggest that Holm oak canopies could absorb an important part of the incoming N deposition, but this process is compound, season and leaf phenology dependent. Further research is therefore needed to better understand and model this part of the N cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ruiz-Checa
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT (Edif.70), Avda. Complutense n° 40, Madrid 28040, Spain; Dept. of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles 28933, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Hugo Pérez-Jordán
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT (Edif.70), Avda. Complutense n° 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Héctor García-Gómez
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT (Edif.70), Avda. Complutense n° 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Samuel Prieto-Benítez
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT (Edif.70), Avda. Complutense n° 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Alonso
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT (Edif.70), Avda. Complutense n° 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Liu H, Zhao B, Jin M, Wang R, Ding Z, Wang X, Xu W, Chen Q, Tao R, Fu J, Xie D. Anthropogenic-induced ecological risks on marine ecosystems indicated by characterizing emerging pollutants in Pearl River Estuary, China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:172030. [PMID: 38547985 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) in marine environments have raised significant concerns. Yet, analyses detailing their origins, fate, and environmental effects are limited. This study employs an integrated non-target screening methodology to elucidate CECs existence across 46 sampling sites in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) of the South China Sea. Assisted by advanced liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, we discovered 208 chemicals in six usage categories, with pesticides (33 %) and pharmaceuticals (29 %) predominating. Several CECs drew attention for their consistent detections, profound abundance, and significant ecotoxicities. The wide detection of them at offshore sites further implies that anthropogenic activities may contribute to large-scale contamination. Meanwhile, distinct distribution patterns of CECs across PRE are evident in semi-quantitative results, indicating regional anthropogenic influences. Identified transformation products may establish a novel and non-negligible negative contribution to ecology through elevated environmental toxicities, exemplified by HMMM and atrazine. Based on the ecological risks, we compiled a prioritized list of 21 CECs warranting intensified scrutiny. Our findings indicate the introduction of various CECs into the South China Sea via PRE, emphasizing the urgent necessity for ongoing surveillance of discharged CECs at estuary areas and assessment of their marine ecological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Bo Zhao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Meng Jin
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Zirong Ding
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Xiong Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Qianghua Chen
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Rizhu Tao
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jianping Fu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Monitoring, Early Warning and Environmental Health Risk Assessment, Nanning 530029, PR China
| | - Danping Xie
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
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Cid-Rodríguez M, Cantonati M, Spitale D, Galluzzi G, Zaccone C. Using diatoms and physical and chemical parameters to monitor cow-pasture impact in peat cores from mountain mires. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171779. [PMID: 38508254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Peatlands play a crucial role in carbon (C) sequestration and biodiversity conservation. However, these environments are highly vulnerable, and Europe has lost >60 % of its peatland habitat in recent decades. Cattle grazing and trampling contribute to peatland degradation, which generally result in a shift from moss-dominated vegetation to vascular plants and in lower C sequestration rates. Overgrazing poses also a significant threat to habitat integrity and biodiversity, especially in the Alpine area, where close-to-pristine mires with high ecological integrity are becoming extremely rare. Thus, a more in depth understanding of how cattle grazing and trampling are threatening Alpine mires is strongly needed for a sustainable management and conservation of these habitats. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of grazing on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of peat, with a focus on diatoms. To answer such a question, seven 50-cm deep cores were collected from mires located in the Adamello-Brenta Nature Park (North of Italy) along a grazing-induced disturbance gradient. Results indicated that grazing primarily affected at least the upper 15 cm of the peat, resulting in increased density and reduced water content, due to compaction, and lower C-to‑nitrogen ratio, possibly caused by both cow manure inputs and increased peat mineralization. Moreover, almost 200 diatom taxa were recorded across the 7 cores, with several of them falling under threat categories in the Red List for central Europe. The higher percentage of eutraphentic species in highly-grazed areas was related to the increase in nutrients caused by cattle manure. Finally, intense grazing increased the share of taxa that are more likely to survive in environments with unstable water availability (= aerial species). We showed that diatom data, supported by physical and chemical parameters, can be a refined tool to inform mire protection and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cid-Rodríguez
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, Spain; Research & Collections Dept. (Limnology & Phycology), MUSE - Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy.
| | - Marco Cantonati
- BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Giorgio Galluzzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Claudio Zaccone
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Passy SI, Larson CA, Mruzek JL, Budnick WR, Leboucher T. A new perspective on the spatial, environmental, and metacommunity controls of local biodiversity. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171618. [PMID: 38467253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Influential ecological research in the 1980s, elucidating that local biodiversity (LB) is a function of local ecological factors and the size of the regional species pool (γ-diversity), has prompted numerous investigations on the local and regional origins of LB. These investigations, however, have been mostly limited to single scales and target groups and centered exclusively on γ-diversity. Here we developed a unified framework including scale, environmental factors (heterogeneity and ambient levels), and metacommunity properties (intraspecific spatial aggregation, regional evenness, and γ-diversity) as hierarchical predictors of LB. We tested this framework with variance partitioning and structural equation modeling using subcontinental data on stream diatoms, insects, and fish as well as local physicochemistry, climate, and land use. Pure aggregation + regional evenness outperformed pure γ-diversity in explaining LB across groups. The covariance of the environment with aggregation + regional evenness rather than with γ-diversity generally explained a much greater proportion of the variance in diatom and insect LB, especially at smaller scales. Thus, disregarding aggregation and regional evenness, as commonly done, may lead to gross underestimation of the pure metacommunity effects and the indirect environmental effects on LB. We examined the shape of the local-regional species richness relationship, which has been widely used to infer local vs. regional effects on LB. We showed that this shape has an ecological basis, but its interpretation is not straightforward. Therefore, we advocate that the variance partitioning analysis under the proposed framework is adopted instead. In diatoms, metacommunity properties had the greatest total effects on LB, while in insects and fish, it was the environment, suggesting that larger organisms are more strongly controlled by the environment. Broader use of our framework may lead to novel biogeographical insights into the drivers of LB and improved projections of its trends along current and future environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia I Passy
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
| | - Chad A Larson
- Washington State Department of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, Lacey, WA, USA.
| | - Joseph L Mruzek
- Forestry and Environmental Conservation Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - William R Budnick
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Thibault Leboucher
- Laboratory for Continental Environments, National Scientific Research Center, University of Lorraine, Metz, France.
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Pashkevich MD, Marshall CAM, Freeman B, Reiss-Woolever VJ, Caliman JP, Drewer J, Heath B, Hendren MT, Saputra A, Stone J, Timperley JH, Draper W, Gbarway A, Geninyan B, Goll B, Guahn M, Gweh AN, Hadfield P, Jah MT, Jayswen S, Jones T, Kandie S, Koffa D, Korb J, Koon N, Manewah B, Medrano LM, Palmeirim AF, Pett B, Rocha R, Swope-Nyantee E, Tue J, Tuolee J, Van Dessel P, Vincent A, Weah R, Widodo R, Yennego AJ, Yonmah J, Turner EC. The socioecological benefits and consequences of oil palm cultivation in its native range: The Sustainable Oil Palm in West Africa (SOPWA) Project. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171850. [PMID: 38521255 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is expanding rapidly across the tropics. While cultivation can boost socioeconomic conditions and food security, it also threatens native ecosystems. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), which is grown pantropically, is the most productive vegetable oil crop worldwide. The impacts of oil palm cultivation have been studied extensively in Southeast Asia and - to a lesser extent - in Latin America but, in comparison, very little is known about its impacts in Africa: oil palm's native range, and where cultivation is expanding rapidly. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale research programme - the Sustainable Oil Palm in West Africa (SOPWA) Project - that is evaluating the relative ecological impacts of oil palm cultivation under traditional (i.e., by local people) and industrial (i.e., by a large-scale corporation) management in Liberia. Our paper is twofold in focus. First, we use systematic mapping to appraise the literature on oil palm research in an African context, assessing the geographic and disciplinary focus of existing research. We found 757 publications occurring in 36 African countries. Studies tended to focus on the impacts of palm oil consumption on human health and wellbeing. We found no research that has evaluated the whole-ecosystem (i.e., multiple taxa and ecosystem functions) impacts of oil palm cultivation in Africa, a knowledge gap which the SOPWA Project directly addresses. Second, we describe the SOPWA Project's study design and-using canopy cover, ground vegetation cover, and soil temperature data as a case study-demonstrate its utility for assessing differences between areas of rainforest and oil palm agriculture. We outline the socioecological data collected by the SOPWA Project to date and describe the potential for future research, to encourage new collaborations and additional similar projects of its kind in West Africa. Increased research in Africa is needed urgently to understand the combined ecological and sociocultural impacts of oil palm and other agriculture in this unique region. This will help to ensure long-term sustainability of the oil palm industry-and, indeed, all tropical agricultural activity-in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Pashkevich
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Cicely A M Marshall
- Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Benedictus Freeman
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Valentine J Reiss-Woolever
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Caliman
- Sinar Mas Agro Resources and Technology Research Institute (SMARTRI), Jalan Teuku Umar 19, Pekanbaru, 28112, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Julia Drewer
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - Becky Heath
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew T Hendren
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Saputra
- Golden Veroleum Liberia, 17(th) St, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Jake Stone
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan H Timperley
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - William Draper
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Abednego Gbarway
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Bility Geninyan
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Blamah Goll
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Marshall Guahn
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Andrew N Gweh
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Peter Hadfield
- Ecology Solutions Ltd, Unit 4 Cokenach Estate, Royston, SG8 8DL, United Kingdom
| | - Morris T Jah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | | | - Tiecanna Jones
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies and Climate Change, University of Liberia, Capitol Hill, Monrovia, Liberia
| | | | | | - Judith Korb
- Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg D-79104, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ana F Palmeirim
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Brogan Pett
- SpiDiverse, Biodiversity Inventory for Conservation (BINCO), 3380 Walmersumstraat, Glabbeek, Belgium; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, UK
| | - Ricardo Rocha
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Abraham Vincent
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Romeo Weah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Rudy Widodo
- Golden Veroleum Liberia, 17(th) St, Monrovia, Liberia
| | - Alfred J Yennego
- William R. Tolbert, Jr. College of Agriculture and Forestry, Fendall Campus, University of Liberia, Montserrado County, Liberia
| | - Jerry Yonmah
- Forestry Development Authority of the Government of Liberia, Whein Town, Mount Barclay, Liberia
| | - Edgar C Turner
- Insect Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
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Wu X, Lin L, Lin Z, Deng X, Li W, He T, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen L, Lei Z, Liu C, Xu Z. Influencing mechanisms of microplastics existence on soil heavy metals accumulated by plants. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171878. [PMID: 38537832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals often coexist in soil, drawing significant attention to their interactions and the potential risks of biological accumulation in the soil-plant system. This paper comprehensively reviews the factors and biochemical mechanisms that influence the uptake of heavy metals by plants, in the existence of MPs, spanning from rhizospheric soil to the processes of root absorption and transport. The paper begins by introducing the origins and current situation of soil contamination with both heavy metals and MPs. It then discusses how MPs alter the physicochemical properties of rhizospheric soil, with a focus on parameters that affect the bioavailability of heavy metals such as aggregates, pH, Eh, and soil organic carbon (SOC). The paper also examines the effect of this pollution on soil organisms and plant growth and reviews the mechanisms by which MPs affect the bioavailability and movement-transformation of heavy metals in rhizospheric soil. This examination emphasizes the roles of rhizospheric microbes, soil fauna, and root physiological metabolism. Finally, the paper outlines the research progress on the mechanisms by which MPs influence the uptake and transport of heavy metals by plant roots. Through this comprehensive review, this paper provides aims to provide environmental managers with a detailed understanding of the potential impact of the coexistence of MPs and heavy metals on the soil-plant ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Lihong Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Zheng Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xingying Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wanli Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao He
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shi Yan 442000, China
| | - Jiexiang Zhang
- GRG Metrology& Test Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510656, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Lili Chen
- Business School, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zexiang Lei
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Wahab A, Muhammad M, Ullah S, Abdi G, Shah GM, Zaman W, Ayaz A. Agriculture and environmental management through nanotechnology: Eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis for soil-plant systems, food safety, and sustainability. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171862. [PMID: 38527538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Through the advancement of nanotechnology, agricultural and food systems are undergoing strategic enhancements, offering innovative solutions to complex problems. This scholarly essay thoroughly examines nanotechnological innovations and their implications within these critical industries. Traditional practices are undergoing radical transformation as nanomaterials emerge as novel agents in roles traditionally filled by fertilizers, pesticides, and biosensors. Micronutrient management and preservation techniques are further enhanced, indicating a shift towards more nutrient-dense and longevity-oriented food production. Nanoparticles (NPs), with their unique physicochemical properties, such as an extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio, find applications in healthcare, diagnostics, agriculture, and other fields. However, concerns about their potential overuse and bioaccumulation raise unanswered questions about their health effects. Molecule-to-molecule interactions and physicochemical dynamics create pathways through which nanoparticles cause toxicity. The combination of nanotechnology and environmental sustainability principles leads to the examination of green nanoparticle synthesis. The discourse extends to how nanomaterials penetrate biological systems, their applications, toxicological effects, and dissemination routes. Additionally, this examination delves into the ecological consequences of nanomaterial contamination in natural ecosystems. Employing robust risk assessment methodologies, including the risk allocation framework, is recommended to address potential dangers associated with nanotechnology integration. Establishing standardized, universally accepted guidelines for evaluating nanomaterial toxicity and protocols for nano-waste disposal is urged to ensure responsible stewardship of this transformative technology. In conclusion, the article summarizes global trends, persistent challenges, and emerging regulatory strategies shaping nanotechnology in agriculture and food science. Sustained, in-depth research is crucial to fully benefit from nanotechnology prospects for sustainable agriculture and food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahab
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Murad Muhammad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011, China
| | - Shahid Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gholamreza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | | | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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Francis ML, Palcsu L, Molnár M, Kertész T, Clarke CE, Miller JA, van Gend J. Calcareous termite mounds in South Africa are ancient carbon reservoirs. Sci Total Environ 2024; 926:171760. [PMID: 38537830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Ecosystems that offer carbon sequestration by leaching bicarbonate to groundwater are valuable natural capital. One region that may offer this service is the west coast of South Africa. Over 20 % is covered by soil mounds ("heuweltjies") up to 40 m diameter, 2 m high, inhabited by the southern harvester termite Microhodotermes viator and enriched in soil organic and inorganic carbon and soluble minerals. We aimed to generate radiogenic and stable isotope data for soils and groundwater in a region where these data are absent, to 1) verify the atmosphere-soil-groundwater link, and 2) resolve the timing and pattern of calcite dissolution and water infiltration in the landscape. Results show that soil and groundwater sulfate have the same marine aerosol source. Episodic calcite dissolution in mound centers, which increased during periods of global cooling, has been set against background input of marine aerosols since before the Last Glacial according to radiocarbon (14C) ages. Our data push back soil organic carbon 14C ages of inhabited termite mounds to 13-19 ka (kiloannum, thousand years before present), nest carbonate 14C ages to 33 ka, and mound soil carbonate 14C ages to 34 ka, making these the oldest active termite features ever dated. These ages are consistent with soil organic carbon and carbonate 14C ages of regional, non-mound, coastal petrocalcic horizons formed by accumulation of carbonate leached from their overlying aeolian dune fields. Harvesting activities of termites inject younger organic material around nests >1 m deep, leading to continuous renewal of important soil carbon reservoirs at depth. Termite bioturbation increases the system's ability to dissolve carbonate. The central, bioturbated part of the mounds have greater infiltration depths and greater calcite dissolution, whereas surrounding soils experienced more surface runoff. Calcareous termite mounds offer a mechanism to sequester CO2 through dissolution and leaching of soil carbonate-bicarbonate to groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Francis
- Department of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa.
| | - L Palcsu
- Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Center, Institute for Nuclear Research, Bem ter 18/c, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - M Molnár
- Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Center, Institute for Nuclear Research, Bem ter 18/c, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - T Kertész
- Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Center, Institute for Nuclear Research, Bem ter 18/c, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - C E Clarke
- Department of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa
| | - J A Miller
- Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa
| | - J van Gend
- Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa
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