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Wang SW, Lee CH, Lin MS, Chi CW, Chen YJ, Wang GS, Liao KW, Chiu LP, Wu SH, Huang DM, Chen L, Shen YS. ZnO Nanoparticles Induced Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis in Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Mitochondrial Dysfunction and p70S6K Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051612. [PMID: 32111101 PMCID: PMC7084801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are increasingly used in sunscreens, food additives, pigments, rubber manufacture, and electronic materials. Several studies have shown that ZnO-NPs inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis by the production of oxidative stress in a variety of human cancer cells. However, the anti-cancer property and molecular mechanism of ZnO-NPs in human gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC) are not fully understood. In this study, we found that ZnO-NPs induced growth inhibition of GSCC (Ca9-22 and OECM-1 cells), but no damage in human normal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells). ZnO-NPs caused apoptotic cell death of GSCC in a concentration-dependent manner by the quantitative assessment of oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle progression revealed that sub-G1 phase accumulation was dramatically induced by ZnO-NPs. In addition, ZnO-NPs increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species and specifically superoxide levels, and also decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. ZnO-NPs further activated apoptotic cell death via the caspase cascades. Importantly, anti-oxidant and caspase inhibitor clearly prevented ZnO-NP-induced cell death, indicating the fact that superoxide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the ZnO-NP-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis in human GSCC. Moreover, ZnO-NPs significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K kinase). In a corollary in vivo study, our results demonstrated that ZnO-NPs possessed an anti-cancer effect in a zebrafish xenograft model. Collectively, these results suggest that ZnO-NPs induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial oxidative damage and p70S6K signaling pathway in human GSCC. The present study may provide an experimental basis for ZnO-NPs to be considered as a promising novel anti-tumor agent for the treatment of gingival cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shen Lin
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- Department of Nursing, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shou Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (G.-S.W.); (K.-W.L.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (G.-S.W.); (K.-W.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Li-Pin Chiu
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- Division of General Surgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 103, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan;
| | - Dong-Ming Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (D.-M.H.); (L.C.); (Y.-S.S.); Tel.: +886-37-246-166 (ext. 38105) (D.-M.H.); +886-2-2621-5656 (ext. 2682) (L.C.); +886-2-2636-0303 (ext. 1422) (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Luke Chen
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (D.-M.H.); (L.C.); (Y.-S.S.); Tel.: +886-37-246-166 (ext. 38105) (D.-M.H.); +886-2-2621-5656 (ext. 2682) (L.C.); +886-2-2636-0303 (ext. 1422) (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Yung-Shuen Shen
- Institute of Geriatric Welfare Technology and Science, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (D.-M.H.); (L.C.); (Y.-S.S.); Tel.: +886-37-246-166 (ext. 38105) (D.-M.H.); +886-2-2621-5656 (ext. 2682) (L.C.); +886-2-2636-0303 (ext. 1422) (Y.-S.S.)
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Sanders NT, Dutson DJ, Durrant JW, Lewis JB, Wilcox SH, Winden DR, Arroyo JA, Bikman BT, Reynolds PR. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces RAGE-mediated inflammation in the Ca9-22 gingival carcinoma epithelial cell line. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 80:95-100. [PMID: 28399471 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The oral environment is anatomically positioned as a significant gateway for exposure to environmental toxicants. Cigarette smoke exposure compromises oral health by orchestrating inflammation. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in smoke-induced inflammatory effects; however, its role in the oral cavity is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine RAGE expression by immortalized gingival carcinoma cells and the degree to which RAGE-mediated signaling influences inflammation. DESIGN Gingival epithelia cells (Ca9-22) were exposed to 10% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for six hours and screened for RAGE expression and inflammatory mediators. RESULTS Quantitative PCR and immunoblotting revealed increased RAGE expression following exposure. Furthermore, exposure activated RAGE signaling intermediates including Ras and NF-κB. IL-6 and IL-1β were also elevated in cell culture medium from CSE-exposed cells when compared to controls. A family of anionic, partially lipophilic sulfated polysaccharide derivatives known as semi-synthetic glycosaminoglycan ethers (SAGEs) were used in an effort to block RAGE signaling. Co-treatment of CSE and SAGEs ameliorated inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS These results provide a new perspective on a mechanism of cigarette smoke induced oral inflammation. Further work may show RAGE signaling as a potential target in the treatment of diseases of the oral cavity exacerbated by tobacco smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan T Sanders
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Derek J Dutson
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Justin W Durrant
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Joshua B Lewis
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Brigham Young University, Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Shalene H Wilcox
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Duane R Winden
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Juan A Arroyo
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Brigham Young University, Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism, Brigham Young University, Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Lung and Placenta Research Laboratory, Brigham Young University, Physiology and Developmental Biology, Provo, UT, USA.
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Zhang B, Tan X, Zhang K, Li Y, Chen J, Zhang F. A study of cell proliferation using immunohistological staining: A case report of congenital granular cell epulis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 88:58-62. [PMID: 27497388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An unusual case of a 1-day-old Chinese female neonate with a solid tumor mass in the maxillary anterior ridge of the edentulous jaw is reported. Based on the clinical and histopathological features, the diagnosis was of obstructive congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) which is an uncommon benign tumor that preferentially develops in female infants. Immunohistochemical analysis of the lesion was performed and the rate of cell proliferation was determined by immunostaining with Ki-67 and PCNA, which showed labeling indexes of 11.1% and 33.3%, respectively. No recurrence was observed in the follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China; Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China.
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Kunlun Zhang
- Hanwoo DNA Solutions Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Baltimore City Community College, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Yen YH, Farooqi AA, Li KT, Butt G, Tang JY, Wu CY, Cheng YB, Hou MF, Chang HW. Methanolic extracts of Solieria robusta inhibits proliferation of oral cancer Ca9-22 cells via apoptosis and oxidative stress. Molecules 2014; 19:18721-32. [PMID: 25405289 PMCID: PMC6271418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many red algae-derived natural products are known to have anticancer effects. The biological functions of the red alga Solieria robusta from the Karachi coast (Pakistan) remain unclear. Here, we prepared a methanolic extracts of S. robusta (MESR) to examine its possible anti-oral cancer effects and the corresponding mechanism of action. Cell viability of MESR-incubated oral cancer Ca9-22 cells was dose-responsively decreased (p<0.001). According to a propidium iodide (PI)-based assay the cell cycle distribution was dramatically changed, especially for subG1 accumulation. Annexin V/PI assay of apoptosis using flow cytometry also showed that MESR-incubated Ca9-22 cells were dose-responsively increased (p<0.001). For evaluation of oxidative stress in MESR-incubated Ca9-22 cells, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were overexpressed dose- and time-responsively and mitochondrial depolarization was also increased (p<0.001). Taken together, MESR showed inhibitory effects on oral cancer proliferation coupled with apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yii-Huei Yen
- Department of Dentistry, Ten Chan General Hospital, Chung-Li 32043, Taiwan.
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Kun-Tzu Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ghazala Butt
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Katchery Road Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Department of Dentistry, Ten Chan General Hospital, Chung-Li 32043, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Duan Q, Jia M, Yue K, Zhang X, Chen J, Zhang C. [Cytokeratin expression in cervical lymph nodes of patients with mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2014; 49:652-656. [PMID: 25622498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the cytokeratin expression in cervical lymph nodes of patients with mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. METHODS The data of 42 cases with mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma after operation from July 2009 to December 2012 were included. Forty-two patients (male = 27, formale = 15) were included, with a mean age of 54.1 years (range 27-77). The lesions were staged (stage I:9, stage II:16, stage III:6, stage IV:11). The cervical lymph nodes were examined by immunohistochemistry and HE. The cytokeratin expression in the lymph nodes was analyzed. RESULTS The rates of lymph nodes metastasis detected by routine HE staining, serial sections HE staining and IHC were 8.0% (47/585), 9.6% (56/585) and 12.8% (75/585), respectively. There was significant difference (χ(2) = 7.17, P < 0.01) in the diagnosis of lymph nodes metastasis between IHC and routine HE staining, There was no significant difference between IHC and serial HE staining (χ(2) = 3.10, P > 0.05). Metastasis occurred mainly in the Level I, II and III. Nineteen lymph nodes in 12 patients were found micrometastasis with IHC. Serial sections and routine HE staining did not find micrometastasis. CONCLUSIONS CK markers is sensitive in detecting lymph node metastasis of mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Duan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sugery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310006, China
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Li JD, Liang RY, Zhao YP, Xu YL. [Correlation analysis of VEGF and PTEN expression in gingival carcinoma]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2014; 23:619-623. [PMID: 25543611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in gingival carcinoma and their correlation in order to provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS Sixty-six gingival cancer patients were determined by pathological examination, among which 31 were well-differentiated, 20 were moderately differentiated and 15 were poorly differentiated. 15 adjacent normal tissues were chosen as control group. The expression of VEGF and PTEN was examined by immunohistochemical method. Correlation analysis was performed with SPSS13.0 software package. RESULTS The positive rate of PTEN in control group was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF in poorly differentiated group was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the expression of VEGF was positively correlated to recurrence and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05); PTEN was negatively correlated to recurrence and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05); VEGF and PTEN in gingival carcinoma was negatively correlated (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The increased expression of VEGF and decreased expression of PTEN in gingival carcinoma may play a mutual role in the development of gingival cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-dong Li
- Stomatology School of Hebei United University. Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China.E-mail:
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Abstract
The peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a reactive gingival overgrowth occurring frequently in the anterior maxilla. It originates in the cells of the periodontal ligament and is more common in children and young adults. In the current article a case of gingival over growth, which was thought to be puberty-induced gingivitis was seen in the lower anterior maxillary gingiva. Histology of the excised tissue showed cellular, fibrous connective tissue stroma with calcified osseous calcifications indicative of POF. The definitive diagnosis is established only by histological examination, which revealed the presence of highly cellular connective tissue with focal calcifications. Surgery is the treatment of choice, though the recurrence rate can reach 20% in case of POF. After histological confirmation the recall and clinical evaluation protocol of POF varies due to its increased recurrence rate, which the general dentist should be aware of.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Choubey
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SAIMS Dental College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vanaja Reddy Banda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saket Vyawahare
- Department of Pedodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Kimura M, Suzuki K, Fujii Y, Yamamoto R, Shibutani M, Mitsumori K. Gingival rhabdomyosarcoma accompanied by an immature myogenic population immunoreactive for α-smooth muscle actin in a dog. J Comp Pathol 2012; 149:48-52. [PMID: 23273582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.11.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A 3-year-old female shih tzu was presented with a white to dark red mass arising from the gingiva. Because of the rapid and invasive growth of the mass, the dog was humanely destroyed. Microscopically, round to polygonal anaplastic cells with strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm grew in an alveolar pattern separated by fibrous stroma. Mitotic figures were numerous. Multinucleated cells and 'strap cells' were observed, but cross striation and glycogen accumulation were absent. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, muscle-specific actin and MyoD1, and a small number of tumour cells were positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Based on the morphological and immunohistochemical features, the gingival mass was diagnosed as alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma accompanied by α-SMA-positive immature myogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Terada T. Papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2012; 5:707-709. [PMID: 22977668 PMCID: PMC3438768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Papillary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) has rarely been reported in the oral cavity. Herein reported is a case of PSCC in the mandibular gum. A 70-year-old man consulted our hospital because of a papillary tumor in the left mandibular gum. Physical examination revealed an exophytic papillary tumor of the left mandibular gum, and an excision of the tumor was performed. Grossly, the tumor was exophytic and papillary, and measured 1 x 1 x 0.8 cm. Microscopically, the tumor showed exophytic papillary proliferation with fibrovascular cores and consisted of atypical squamous epithelial cells. The tumor cells showed hyperchromasia, nuclear atypia, mitotic figures, apoptotic bodies, cancer pearls, and individual keratinization. Mild stromal invasion was seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for pancytokeratin AE1/3, pancytokeratin CAM5.2, p63, p53, and Ki-67 (labeling index=40%), but negative for human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV in situ hybridization revealed no signals. Therefore, PSCC was diagnosed. The lateral and vertical margins are negative for tumor cell. The pathological diagnosis was PSCC. The patient was healthy and free from tumor three months after the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Terada
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Kato H, Ota Y, Sasaki M, Karakida K, Kaneko A, Sekido Y, Tsukinoki K. Peripheral ameloblastoma of the lower molar gingiva: a case report and immunohistochemical study. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2012; 37:30-34. [PMID: 22763824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral ameloblastoma (PA) is a rare extraosseous odontogenic tumor with histological characteristics similar to those of the common intraosseous ameloblastoma. Two questions regarding PA remain: its histogenic origin and how to differentiate between PA and intraoral basal cell carcinoma. We describe a patient with PA. The result of immunohistochemistry showed cytokeratin (CK) 7-, CK14+, CK19+, AE1/AE3+, CAM5.2-, 34 β E12+, epithelial membrane antigen-, Ber-EP4-, p53-, p63+, and low Ki-67, that was similar to those of 4 cases of intraosseous ameloblastoma. Our results suggest that a PA originates from odontogenic epithelial remnants, rather than from the oral epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
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Terada T. Angiosarcoma of the mandibular gingiva. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2011; 4:791-793. [PMID: 22135727 PMCID: PMC3225791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma of the oral cavity is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman consulted to our hospital because of polypoid mass of the mandibular gingival. Physical examination showed polypoid reddish mass measuring 1.5 × 1.5 × 1 cm in the mandibular gingival posterior to the front tooth. Enucleation of the tumor was performed. Grossly, the tumor was not encapsulated. Histologically, the tumor consisted of atypical spindle with hyperchromatic nuclei with nucleoli. Mitotic figures were scattered. Vasoformative channels were present in some areas. The surgical margins were positive. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for factor VIII-related antigen, CD31, CD34, vimentin, p53 protein, but negative for pancytokeratin (AE1/3 and CAM5.2), S100 protein, α-smooth muscle antigen, and desmin. The Ki-67 labeling was 60%. A pathological diagnosis of angiosarcoma was made. Radical operation is planned now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Terada
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital Shizuoka, Japan.
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Moser S, Beer M, Damerau G, Lübbers HT, Grätz KW, Kruse AL. A case report of metastasis of malignant mesothelioma to the oral gingiva. Head Neck Oncol 2011; 3:21. [PMID: 21513537 PMCID: PMC3097005 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-3-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastatic mesothelioma to the oral cavity arises from the pleura or peritoneum and distant hematogenous metastases are seen in more than half of cases but only a few cases are reported to the oral cavity. CASE A 75 year old male suffering from metastatic mesothelioma presents an hyperplasia of the attached gingiva. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumour arising from pleura, pericardium or peritoneum. CONCLUSION This article highlights the importance of biopsy and histopathological diagnosis of oral lesions especially in case of a malignant history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Moser
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Beer
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg Damerau
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heinz-Theo Lübbers
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus W Grätz
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Astrid L Kruse
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Plattenstrasse 15, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Busk M, Munk OL, Jakobsen S, Wang T, Skals M, Steiniche T, Horsman MR, Overgaard J. Assessing hypoxia in animal tumor models based on pharmocokinetic analysis of dynamic FAZA PET. Acta Oncol 2010; 49:922-33. [PMID: 20831479 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2010.503970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Positron emission tomography (PET) allows non-invasive detection and mapping of tumor hypoxia. However, slow tracer kinetics and low resolution, results in limited tumor-to-normal tissue contrast and the risk of missing areas where hypoxic cells are intermixed with necrosis. The shape of tumor time activity curves (TACs), as deduced from dynamic scans, may allow further separation of tumors/tumor sub-volumes that are inseparable based on static scans. This study was designed to define the added value of dynamic scans. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three squamous cell carcinoma tumor models were grown in mice. Mice were injected with the (18)F-labeled PET hypoxia-tracer fluoroazomycin arabinoside (FAZA) and the immunologically-detectable hypoxia-marker pimonidazole, and PET scanned dynamically for three to six hours. Subsequently, microregional tracer retention (autoradiography) and the distribution of pimonidazole-retaining cells (immunohistology) and necrosis were analyzed in tumor tissue sections. Dynamic PET data were analysed based on a two-compartment model with irreversible tracer binding generating estimates of the putative hypoxia surrogate markers k(3) (tracer trapping rate constant) and K(i) (influx rate constant from plasma into irreversible bound tracer). RESULTS/DISCUSSION High tumor-to-reference tissue ratios and a strong linear correlation (R∼0.7 to 0.95) between density of hypoxic cells and FAZA concentration was observed three hours after tracer administration, suggesting that late time PET images provides an accurate measure of hypoxia against which kinetic model estimates can be validated. Tumor TACs varied widely (ranging from distinctly wash-out to accumulative type) among tumor types although pimonidazole-stainings revealed extensive hypoxia in all models. Kinetic analysis of tumor sub-volumes showed that k(3) correlated poorly with late time FAZA retention regionally in two of the three tumor models. The influx rate constant K(i) displayed far less variability and correlated strongly with late time FAZA retention (hypoxia) in two of three tumor models, whereas a non-consistent relationship was observed in the last tumor model. Our study demonstrates the potential usefulness of dynamic PET, but also that a simple two-compartment model may be inappropriate in some tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Busk
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark.
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14
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Goda T, Shimo T, Yoshihama Y, Hassan NMM, Ibaragi S, Kurio N, Okui T, Honami T, Kishimoto K, Sasaki A. Bone destruction by invading oral squamous carcinoma cells mediated by the transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathway. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:2615-2623. [PMID: 20682990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells frequently invade mandibular bone, and this destruction is associated with a worse prognosis. However, the relationship between bone destruction and associated factors is unclear. In this study, the role and diagnostic utility of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) type I receptor (TbetaRI) in bone destruction of the mandible was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of TbetaRI was explored by using an immunohistochemical method on paraffin-embedded tissues from 21 cases of mandibular SCC. An inhibitor of the kinase activity of the TbetaRI (TbetaRI-I) was used to assess the role of TbetaRI in bone destruction by a human oral SCC cell line (HSC-2) that highly expresses TbetaRI. RESULTS TbetaRI-positive signals were closely associated with destructive invasion of the mandible by oral SCC cells. Consistent with these results, TbetaRI-I greatly reduced HSC-2 cell-induced bone destruction and osteoclast formation in vivo and in vitro. TbetaRI-I treatment reduced the expression of TNF-alpha, RANKL and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), all of which were up-regulated by TGF-beta in HSC-2 cells. CONCLUSION These data demonstrated an important role for TGF-beta signalling in bone invasion by oral SCC cells, and suggest that the bone destruction is mediated by RANKL, TNF-alpha and CCN2.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Gingival Neoplasms/genetics
- Gingival Neoplasms/metabolism
- Gingival Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Osteolysis/genetics
- Osteolysis/metabolism
- Osteolysis/pathology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/biosynthesis
- RANK Ligand/biosynthesis
- RANK Ligand/genetics
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/biosynthesis
- Signal Transduction
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Goda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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15
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Safadi RA, Hellstein JW, Diab MM, Hammad HM. Nerve sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma) of the gingiva, a case report and review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol 2010; 4:242-5. [PMID: 20502996 PMCID: PMC2923317 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-010-0183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nerve sheath myxoma (NSM) is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that rarely occurs in the oral cavity. Among the 23 reported intraoral cases, no lesion has previously been reported on the gingiva. In this report, we describe the first gingival case of oral neurothekeoma with histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics. The patient, a 32 year old female presented with a slowly growing gingival mass diagnosed clinically as an epulis. The lesion was surgically excised. Histopathologically, the lesion presented as a submucosal multinodular mass composed of spindle and stellate-shaped cells with a myxoid background. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were sporadically positive for S-100 and NSE and negative for GFAP, EMA, SMA, CD68 and HMB45. The immunoprofile of this lesion confirmed a Schwann cell origin. The lesion was followed up for 10 months with no reports of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima A Safadi
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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16
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Heibel H, Knödgen R, Bredenfeld H, Wickenhauser C, Scheer M, Zöller JE. Complete Spontaneous Remission of an Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma with Primary Manifestation in the Oral Cavity. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 45:171-4. [PMID: 15061215 DOI: 10.1080/1042819031000139747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A well-documented case of complete spontaneous remission of a histopathologically supported highly malignant B-cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with primary manifestation in the oral cavity is presented. This regression, which has showed no signs of recurrence for more than 18 months, occurred following a diagnostic biopsy and without any therapeutic intervention. This report is followed by a short review on the literature upon spontaneous remission on Non-Hodgkin's-Lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Heibel
- Department for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Cologne, Germany.
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17
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Hasegawa H, Kakuguchi W, Kuroshima T, Kitamura T, Tanaka S, Kitagawa Y, Totsuka Y, Shindoh M, Higashino F. HuR is exported to the cytoplasm in oral cancer cells in a different manner from that of normal cells. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1943-8. [PMID: 19513080 PMCID: PMC2714239 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
HuR, a ubiquitously expressed member of the Hu protein family that binds and stabilizes an AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNAs, is known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm via several export pathways. When normal cells were treated with heat shock, HuR was exported to the cytoplasm in a chromosome maintenance region 1 (CRM1)-dependent manner. However, in this study, we demonstrate that HuR is exported to the cytoplasm in oral cancer cells even if the cells were treated with the inhibitor of the CRM1-independent export pathway. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses showed that HuR existed in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus in oral cancer cells, such as HSC-3 and Ca9.22, but existed entirely inside the nucleus in normal cells. AU-rich element-mRNAs were also exported to the cytoplasm and stabilised in the oral cancer cells, which were inhibited by HuR knockdown. This export of HuR was not affected by at least 7 h of treatment of leptomycin B (LMB), which is an inhibitor of the CRM1-dependent export pathway. These findings suggest that HuR is exported to the cytoplasm in oral carcinoma cells in a different manner from that of normal cells, and is likely to occur through the perturbation of a normal export pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytoplasm/metabolism
- ELAV Proteins
- ELAV-Like Protein 1
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gingival Neoplasms/genetics
- Gingival Neoplasms/metabolism
- Gingival Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- In Situ Hybridization
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Karyopherins/metabolism
- Mouth Mucosa/metabolism
- Protein Transport
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tongue Neoplasms/genetics
- Tongue Neoplasms/metabolism
- Tongue Neoplasms/pathology
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - W Kakuguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - T Kuroshima
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - T Kitamura
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Y Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Y Totsuka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - M Shindoh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - F Higashino
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, North 13 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
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18
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Abo-Hager EA, Khater DS, Ahmed MM. Exploration of the histogenesis of congenital granular cell epulis: an immunohistochemical study. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2009; 21:77-83. [PMID: 21057558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital granular cell epulis is a benign soft tissue lesion of the neonate that arises from the alveolar ridges of the jaws in newborns. The aim of this study is to define the histogenesis of congenital granular cell epulis by using several immunohistochemical markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A series of six cases of congenital granular cell epulis were immunostained with a panel of antibodies (NSE, CD68, CD99, Mesothelin, Inhibin-a, GFAP, Dystrophin, NGFR/p75 and TLR1). The percentage of positive cells was measured in the form of area percent using an image analysis software (Leica- Qwin) system. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare between means of positive immunostaining antibodies. RESULTS Granular cells of all cases showed positive cytoplasmic immunostaining for NSE and CD68. The interstitial cells of five cases showed immunopositivity for CD99. Granular and interstitial cells in all cases were negative with the remaining antibodies. The immunoreactivity of the granular cells to NSE showed the statistically significantly highest mean area percent. This was followed by CD68 which showed lower values. The immunoreactivity of the interstitial cells to CD99 showed the statistically significantly lowest mean area percent. CONCLUSION The expression of NSE and CD99 in all cases of the present study support a neuroectodermal derivation of congenital granular cell epulis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Abo-Hager
- The Department of Oral & Dental Pathology, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Cairo, Egypt.
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19
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Deyama Y, Tei K, Yoshimura Y, Izumiyama Y, Takeyama S, Hatta M, Totsuka Y, Suzuki K. Oral squamous cell carcinomas stimulate osteoclast differentiation. Oncol Rep 2008; 20:663-668. [PMID: 18695921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play important roles in the invasion and metastasis to soft tissues of carcinomas including, oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Although, osteoclastic bone resorption is an important step in bone involvement in a variety of malignancies, the mechanism of bone involvement of oral SCC remains unclear. Once cancer cells arrest in bone, the bone is a storehouse of a variety of cytokines and growth factors and thus provides an extremely fertile environment for cell growth. The bone-invasive oral cancer cell line, BHY, transcriptionally expressed detectable levels of TGF-beta, IL-1beta, IL-8, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNAs and failed to express GM-CSF, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. Furthermore, the BHY-conditioned medium greatly upregulated IL-6 and RANKL/ODF mRNA expression in osteoblasts, suggesting a potential indirect stimulation of osteoclastogenesis via the osteogenic lineage. Seven out of eleven patients with carcinomas of the lower alveolus and gingiva showing infiltrative bone involvement expressed PTHrP mRNA. These data suggest that the occurrence of PTHrP may be an indication of developing oral malignant carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Deyama
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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20
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Ishikuro M, Sakamoto K, Kayamori K, Akashi T, Kanda H, Izumo T, Yamaguchi A. Significance of the fibrous stroma in bone invasion by human gingival squamous cell carcinomas. Bone 2008; 43:621-7. [PMID: 18585993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gingival squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) frequently invade the mandible or maxilla, and this invasion is associated with a worse prognosis. Although previous studies have suggested that bone destruction caused by gingival SCC is mediated by osteoclastic bone resorption rather than by tumor cells directly, the mechanism underlying the bone invasion remains poorly understood. We histopathologically investigated mandibular invasion patterns in 97 cases of primary gingival SCC and evaluated the correlations between bone invasion patterns and clinicopathological factors. Based on the histological examination of the mandibular invasion pattern, we classified the cases into 2 categories: expansive type and infiltrative type. Of the 97 cases, 52 were expansive type and 45, infiltrative type. Varying numbers of Howship's lacunae and osteoclasts were detected on the bone surface adjacent to the tumor cells. Compared to the expansive type, the infiltrative type showed increased numbers of osteoclasts at the interface of the tumor and the resorbing bone. Tumor cells showed no direct contact with osteoclasts and the adjacent bones, and in all cases varying amounts of fibrous connective tissues intervened between the tumor cells and the bone. The number of fibroblasts was significantly greater in the infiltrative type than in the expansive type. We also found a positive correlation between the number of osteoclasts and fibroblasts at the interface of the tumor and the resorbing bone. Immunohistochemistry revealed RANKL expression in the fibroblastic cells that were adjacent to the osteoclasts in the area of bone resorption. In coculture experiments, human gingival SCC cells (BHY) stimulated the expression of mouse RANKL mRNA in murine osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1). These results indicate that the fibrous stroma plays critical roles in osteoclastic bone resorption by gingival SCC through the RANKL-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Ishikuro
- Section of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Restitution, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549 Japan
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21
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Lai PS, Lou PJ, Peng CL, Pai CL, Yen WN, Huang MY, Young TH, Shieh MJ. Doxorubicin delivery by polyamidoamine dendrimer conjugation and photochemical internalization for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2007; 122:39-46. [PMID: 17628166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coupling anticancer drugs to synthetic polymers is a promising approach to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of these drugs. The pH-activated polymer has been demonstrated to be a successful drug delivery vehicle system, whereas the photochemical internalization (PCI) was invented for site-specific delivery of membrane impermeable macromolecules from endocytic vesicles into the cytosol. In this study, doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers via pH-sensitive and -insensitive linkers and was combined with different PCI strategies to evaluate the cytotoxic effects. Our results showed that both PCI strategies significantly improved the cytotoxicity of free DOX on Ca9-22 cells at higher concentrations. The 'light after' PCI treatment was efficient in releasing DOX from the PAMAM-hyd-DOX conjugates, resulted in more nuclear accumulation of DOX and more cell death through synergistic effects. On the other hand, antagonism was observed when 'light before' PCI combined with PAMAM-hyd-DOX conjugate. The distribution of PAMAM-amide-DOX was mainly cytosolic with or without PCI treatments. Both PCI strategies failed to improve the cytotoxicity of PAMAM-amide-DOX conjugates. Our results provide invaluable information in the future design of drug-polymer complexes for multi-modality cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Ajura AJ, Lau SH. Gingival myofibroma in children: report of 4 cases with immunohistochemical findings. Malays J Pathol 2007; 29:53-56. [PMID: 19105330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Oral myofibroma is a rare tumour which usually occurs in children and has been reported in the mandible, tongue, buccal mucosa with only a few cases reported from the gingiva. It appears alarming clinically due to its fast growth which may mimic a malignancy. However, it is completely benign and is usually treated by complete surgical excision with excellent prognosis. Clinically, myofibroma presents as a single swelling when it occurs on the gingiva, and more common lesions such as fibrous epulis, pyogenic granuloma and peripheral odontogenic fibroma, myofibroma are usually considered in the differential diagnosis. We present 4 additional cases of gingival myofibroma in children. Their ages ranged from 7 to 14 years. Three were girls and 1 patient was a boy. All presented with solitary gingival growths, ranging from 3 weeks to 2 months in duration, and raised the clinical diagnoses of peripheral giant cell granuloma, pyogenic granuloma and fibrous epulis. Histopathology of incisional biopsies revealed proliferation of streaming and whorled fascicles of spindle cells around slit-like vascular spaces. The spindle cells were cytologically bland and were immunopositive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, but were negative for desmin and S-100 protein. All were treated by surgical excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Jalil Ajura
- Stomatology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur
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23
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Tsai YC, Jeng CR, Zhuo YX, Tsai YC, Liu CH, Pang VF. Amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor and its immunohistochemical characterization in a Shih Tzu dog. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:233-6. [PMID: 17317805 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-2-233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old, male, Shih-Tzu dog presented with swelling of the right lower jaw caused by a mass arising from the right mandibular gingiva. Radiographic examination revealed bone lysis of the right wing of the mandible. Histopathologically, the growth was characterized by indistinctly lobulated nests, islands, and strands of proliferating odontogenic and squamous epithelial cells, intermingled in close association with large numbers of irregular extracellular deposits of amyloid and amorphous calcified substance. Immunohistochemically, both epithelial components stained strongly positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3); the squamous epithelial cells also reacted strongly with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein, whereas the odontogenic epithelial cells displayed weak immunoreactivity to NSE and partial reactivity to S-100 protein. The amyloid deposits were AE1/AE3-negative. The growth was diagnosed as an amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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24
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Ono A, Tsukamoto G, Nagatsuka H, Yoshihama Y, Rivera RS, Katsurano M, Yao M, Sasaki A. An immunohistochemical evaluation of BMP-2, -4, osteopontin, osteocalcin and PCNA between ossifying fibromas of the jaws and peripheral cemento-ossifying fibromas on the gingiva. Oral Oncol 2007; 43:339-44. [PMID: 16931115 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined histological difference between ossifying fibromas (OF, n=5) and peripheral cemento-ossifying fibromas (PCOF, n=7). Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2 and -4, osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were used for the immunohistochemical examinations. Oxytalan fibers present at the periodontal tissue were stained to determine the tumor cell origin. Many OFs showed high immunohistochemical reactions for BMP-2, -4 and OPN compared to those of PCOFs. PCNA index (IP) of OFs was significantly higher than that of PCOFs. All the PCOFs showed a high expression of oxytalan fibers. Only two OFs exhibited a small number of oxytalan fibers. These results suggest that PCOF has only little ability to form hard tissue and seems to be a reactive lesion. The expression of oxytalan fibers reveals that OF does not only originate from periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Biopathological Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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25
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Wu WC, Hsiao JR, Lian YY, Lin CY, Huang BM. The apoptotic effect of cordycepin on human OEC-M1 oral cancer cell line. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2006; 60:103-11. [PMID: 17031645 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-006-0354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), a pure compound of Cordyceps sinensis, has been illustrated with anti-tumor effects. In the present study, the apoptotic effect of cordycepin on OEC-M1, a human oral squamous cancer cell line, was investigated by morphological observations, cell viability assay, annexin V-FITC analysis and flow cytometry methods. Results demonstrated that the number of rounded-up cell increased as treatment duration of cordycepin (100 microM) increased from 3 to 48 h, and the plasma membrane blebbing could be observed after 12 h treatment. In cell viability assay, cell surviving rate significantly decreased as the dosage and duration of cordycepin treatment increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, phosphatidylserine flipping on cell membrane could be detected with 3, 6 and 12 h cordycepin treatment, which indicated an early apoptotic phenomenon. Furthermore, cell cycle studies illustrated that the percentage of G1 phase cell declined as the dosages of cordycepin increased (10 microM to 5 mM), while the percentages of G2M and subG1 phase cell increased (P < 0.05) in 12, 24 and 48 h cordycepin treatment. These results further confirmed the apoptotic event. In conclusion, cordycepin significantly induced cell apoptotsis in OEC-M1 human oral squamous cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ciao Wu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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26
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Shibahara T, Nomura T, Cui NH, Noma H. A study of osteoclast-related cytokines in mandibular invasion by squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 34:789-93. [PMID: 15982855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2003] [Revised: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 03/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the mechanism of bone invasion in carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva. We investigated 38 specimens of lower gingival carcinoma and histopathologically classified them into an invasion group (23 cases) and a non-invasion group (15 cases) on the basis of light microscopy evidence. These specimens were examined using immunohistochemical techniques involving antibodies of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, -1beta, -6, -11, -18 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. The invasion group showed a high level of expression of PTHrP, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-11 positive cells (P<0.01 versus non-invasion group). The difference in the levels of expression of IL-1alpha, -1beta, -18 and TGF-beta positive cells was not significant between these two groups. Our results suggest that various cancer-derived cytokines, such as PTHrP, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-11, play an important role in the mechanism of bone invasion associated with lower gingival squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shibahara
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihamaku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan.
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Yamamoto S, Tomita Y, Hoshida Y, Toyosawa S, Inohara H, Kishino M, Kogo M, Nakazawa M, Murakami S, Iizuka N, Kidogami S, Monden M, Kubo T, Ijuhin N, Aozasa K. Expression level of valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a prognostic marker for gingival squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2005; 15:1432-8. [PMID: 15319251 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdh354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valosin-containing protein (VCP) is associated with anti-apoptotic function and metastasis via activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway. In the present study, association of VCP expression with prognosis of gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC) was examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS VCP expression in 74 patients with GSCC (34 males and 40 females) with ages ranging from 42 to 85 (median 66) years was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, in which staining intensity in tumor cells was categorized as either weaker (level 1) or equal to/stronger (level 2) than that in the endothelial cells. RESULTS Twenty-four (32.4%) cases showed level 1 and 50 (67.6%) level 2 VCP expression. Patients with level 1 GSCC showed a significantly better 5-year survival rate than those with level 2 GSCC (5-year overall survival: 100% versus 84.9%, P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed VCP expression level, lymph node metastasis and pT(TNM) to be independent factors for overall survival. Patients with GSCC at stages I and II showed favorable prognosis regardless of VCP expression status, whereas at stages III and IV, patients with level 1 VCP expression showed better survival rates than those with level 2 expression. CONCLUSION Prognostic significance of VCP expression level in GSCC was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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28
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Karabulut AB, Ozden BC, Onel D, Demiryont M. Management of airway obstruction in a severe case of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. Ann Plast Surg 2005; 54:328-30. [PMID: 15725846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) is an extremely rare, genetic disease with unknown etiology. It is characterized by cutaneous nodules and flexural joint contractures, along with hypertrophy of the gingival and oral mucosa, which is probably the most striking and morbidity-related feature of the disease. An advanced case of JHF with prominent growth retardation, recurrent respiratory tract infections, and impending upper respiratory tract obstruction due to severe hypertrophy of the oral mucosa and gingiva is presented. Surgical excision of the hypertrophic oral mucosa and cutaneous nodules in the scalp was performed. No major recurrence of the mucosal lesions was observed at the first postoperative year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Bilgin Karabulut
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Kitajima S, Kudo Y, Ogawa I, Bashir T, Kitagawa M, Miyauchi M, Pagano M, Takata T. Role of Cks1 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinomas: cooperation with Skp2 in promoting p27 degradation. Am J Pathol 2005; 165:2147-55. [PMID: 15579456 PMCID: PMC1618711 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Down-regulation of p27 is frequently observed in various cancers due to an enhancement of its degradation. Skp2 is required for the ubiquitination and consequent degradation of p27 protein. Another protein called Cks1 is also required for p27 ubiquitination in the SCF(Skp2) ubiquitinating machinery. In the present study, we examined Cks1 expression and its correlation with p27 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) derived from tongue and gingiva. By immunohistochemical analysis, high expression of Cks1 was present in 62% of OSCCs in comparison with 0% of normal mucosae. In addition, 65% of samples with low p27 expression displayed high Cks1 levels. Finally, Cks1 expression was well correlated with Skp2 expression and poor prognosis. To study the role of Cks1 overexpression in p27 down-regulation, we transfected Cks1 with or without Skp2 into OSCC cells. Cks1 transfection could not induce a p27 down-regulation by itself, but both Cks1 and Skp2 transfection strongly induced. Moreover, we inhibited Cks1 expression by small interference RNA (siRNA) in OSCC. Cks1 siRNA transfection induced p27 accumulation and inhibited the growth of OSCC cells. These findings suggest that Cks1 overexpression may play an important role for OSCC development through Skp2-mediated p27 degradation, and that Cks1 siRNA can be a novel modality of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shojiro Kitajima
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Division of Frontier Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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30
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Bilen BT, Alaybeyoğlu N, Arslan A, Türkmen E, Aslan S, Celik M. Obstructive congenital gingival granular cell tumour. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2004; 68:1567-71. [PMID: 15533573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2004] [Revised: 07/02/2004] [Accepted: 07/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Congenital gingival granular cell tumours (CGCT) are rare and always benign intraoral tumours originating from the alveolar ridge. They are also known as congenital epulis, congenital myoblastoma or Neumann's tumour. They are typically seen as a mass protruding out of a newborn child's mouth. In general, CGCT occurs as a solitary tumour. The main differential diagnosis is epignathus (oral teratoma). This report describes a newborn with a mass originating from lower alveolar ridge obtruding into the oral cavity. Clinical features, histiogenesis and necessity for early surgical treatment due to risk of airway obstruction and difficulty in feeding were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Türk Bilen
- Department of Plastic-Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Faculty, T. Ozal Medical Center, Inönü University, 44069 Kampus, Malatya, Turkey.
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31
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Esguerra RL, Jia L, Kaneko T, Sakamoto K, Okada N, Takagi M. Immunohistochemical analysis of centromere protein F expression in buccal and gingival squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Int 2004; 54:82-9. [PMID: 14720137 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2004.01596.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Centromere protein F (CENP-F) expression (localization and characteristics) in relation to tumor clinicopathological parameters was immunohistochemically examined and evaluated in 47 archival biopsy specimens of buccal and gingival squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Centromere protein F expression was detected in 79% of the samples. An increase in the labeling index (LI) with WHO grading was obtained (P < 0.05). Correlations were obtained between the CENP-F LI and tumor size (P < 0.05). Immunoelectron microscopy showed CENP-F nuclear staining as punctate or fine dots. The present study shows that CENP-F expression and detection of a more specific cell subpopulation presents a theoretical advantage for the analysis of the precise cell cycle of G2 to M cells, compared to Ki-67.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renelson L Esguerra
- Molecular Pathology, Department of Oral Restitution, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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32
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Kudo Y, Kitajjma S, Sato S, Miyauchi M, Ogawa I, Takata T. Establishment of an oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line with high invasive and p27 degradation activities from a lymph node metastasis. Oral Oncol 2003; 39:515-20. [PMID: 12747977 DOI: 10.1016/s1368-8375(03)00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The extent of lymph node metastasis is a major determinant in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We present here a new OSCC cell line, MSCC-1, established from a lymph node metastasis of a patient with OSCC of gingiva. First, we examined the expression of p27, p53 and Ki-67 in non-neoplastic mucosa, primary and metastatic cancer lesions by immunohistochemistry. Metastatic cancer cells in the lymph node showed the reduced expression of p27 in comparison with cancer cells in the primary lesion. Cancer celLs both in the primary and metastatic lesions showed overexpression of p53 and Ki-67. Overexpression of p53 and reduced expression of p27 in MSCC-1 cells were also determined by western blot analysis. To characterize MSCC-1 cells, furthermore, we examined the invasive activity and cell proliferation of MSCC-1, comparing with those of other OSCC cell lines, HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells. The invasive capacity of MSCC-1 cells was significant higher than HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells, but cell growth of MSCC-1 cells was slower than HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells. Moreover, we examined the p27 degradation activity by in vitro degradation assay. Interestingly, MSCC-1 cells have the strongest p27 degradation activity among the OSCC cell lines examined. In the present study, we newly established MSCC-1 cells with strong invasiveness and p27 degradation activity from a metastatic lesion. These findings suggest that high activity of p27 degradation may concern with invasiveness of OSCC cells and that MSCC-1 cells can be a useful cell model for studying the detailed mechanism of p27 degradation, invasion and metastasis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Division of Frontier Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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33
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Ito H, Hatori M, Kinugasa Y, Irie T, Tachikawa T, Nagumo M. Comparison of the expression profile of metastasis-associated genes between primary and circulating cancer cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2003; 23:1425-31. [PMID: 12820405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a complex process involving several distinct steps such as escape from a primary tumor, dissemination through the circulation, lodgment in small vessels at distinct sites, penetration of the vessel wall and growth in the new site as a secondary tumor. To compare the expression profile of metastasis-associated genes between circulating cancer cells in peripheral blood and cells in the primary lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we employed a combination analysis of laser captured microdissection (LCM) and immunomagnetic separation (IMS) techniques for capturing primary and circulating cancer cells, respectively. Total RNAs were then extracted from each cell and mRNA expression of CK19, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -7, -9) and CD44, including its variant forms (CD44s, v6, v9), were analyzed by RT-PCR. Although CD44 including its variant forms were expressed in 20%(CD44s) to 30%(v6, v9) of the primary lesion, 40%(v6) to 90%(CD44s) of blood samples were CD44-positive. Furthermore, MMPs were expressed in 30%(MMP-1, -2) to 60%(MMP-7) of primary samples, whereas most blood samples were negative for the expression of MMPs. These results suggested that circulating cancer cells might express different characteristics after being released from the primary lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Ito
- Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1, Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan.
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34
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Choi HR, Tucker SA, Huang Z, Gillenwater AM, Luna MA, Batsakis JG, El-Naggar AK. Differential expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p27 and p21) and their relation to p53 and Ki-67 in oral squamous tumorigenesis. Int J Oncol 2003; 22:409-14. [PMID: 12527941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27Kip1 and p21WAF1/Cip1 play important roles in cell-cycle regulation. Although alterations of these genes have been linked to tumorigenesis of several human carcinomas, their involvement in head and neck squamous tumorigenesis is rarely investigated. To determine the role of these genes in the evolution of squamous carcinoma of the head and neck we evaluated their protein expression by immunohistochemistry in non-dysplastic squamous epithelium, premalignant lesions and oral squamous carcinomas. The p53 gene and Ki-67 expressions were correlated with traditional clinicopathologic variables. Our study shows that in histologically non-dysplastic squamous epithelium, p27 expression was noted mainly in superficial differentiated cells, whereas p21, p53 and Ki-67 staining was observed in basal and suprabasal cells. In dysplasia, divergent expression between p27 and p21 was observed: p27 precipitously decreased and p21, p53, and Ki-67 increased with histologic progression. In squamous carcinomas, p27 was mainly expressed in well differentiated tumor cell nests, while the expressions of p21, p53, and Ki-67 were variable in the poorly differentiated tumor areas. A significant inverse relationship between p27 expression and those of p21, p53, and Ki-67 was observed, but no significant association between any of these markers and clinicopathologic factors was noted in this cohort. Our study indicates that: i) down-regulation of p27 and up-regulation of p21 are associated with early progression of HNSC, ii) p21 expression correlates positively with proliferation while p27 correlates positively with cell differentiation and iii) concurrent p27 and p21 expression analysis may allow for better assessment of HNSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ran Choi
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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35
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Yang CY, Meng CL, van der Bijl P, Lee HK. The effect of betel nut extract on cell growth and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase in human epidermoid carcinoma cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2002; 67:181-95. [PMID: 12013526 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(02)00002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to find out whether prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PHS) involves the action of betel nut extract (BNE) on the growth of oral cancers. Therefore, growth and PHS activity were examined in two human oral carcinoma cell lines (OEC-M1 and KB) and one normal fibroblast cell line (NF) in the presence of increasing BNE concentration. BNE at concentrations above 50 microg/ml significantly inhibited the cell growth of OEC-M1 after 72 h in culture, of KB and NF after 48 h in culture. The IC50 of BNE in OEC-M1, KB and NF at 24 h in culture was about 406, 37.5 and 140 microg/ml respectively. PHS activity in OEC-M1 was significantly increased by low BNE concentrations (50 microg/ml, 114%; 100 microg/ml, 33%; 150 microg/ml, 30%) but significantly reduced at higher BNE concentrations (300 microg/ml, 33%; 500 microg/ml, 61%). The PHS activity in KB was significantly inhibited by BNE and this effect was intensified as concentrations increased (50 microg/ml, 31%; 100 microg/ml, 24%; 150 microg/ml, 43%; 300 microg/ml, 60%; 500 microg/ml, 92%). Similar to that in OEC-M1, the PHS activity in NF was significantly increased at low BNE concentrations (50 microg/ml, 139%; 100 microg/ml, 87%;150 microg/ml, 77%) but reduced at higher concentrations (300 microg/ml, 55%; 500 microg/ml, 72%). The PHS activity in all cell lines was almost completely blocked by indomethacin (5 x 10(-6) M). We conclude that these findings suggest that PHS may be an important biochemical mediator of the effect of BNE on the growth of two human oral carcinoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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36
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Abstract
A case of carcinoma of the colon that metastasized to the lower gingiva is described. The patient who had carcinoma of the colon developed a proliferating lesion at the site of a recent tooth extraction. A few days later, the primary site of the malignancy appeared. The clinical features in such cases were reviewed in studies by others, most of which were of oral and dental surgery. Thus, because of our case, gastroenterologists should consider the possibility of gingival metastasis from malignant disease such as colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomikawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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37
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Osaku M, Ueda M, Miyakawa T, Toyoda H, Uesato K, Yamada Y, Asanuma F, Ando N, Ozawa S, Kitagawa Y, Kitajima M. Correlation between EGF receptor expression and peplomycin cytotoxicity in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Oncol Rep 2001; 8:855-60. [PMID: 11410798 DOI: 10.3892/or.8.4.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between sensitivity to anti-cancer agents and EGF receptor expression on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells was investigated. The cytotoxicity of peplomycin (PEP) was correlated with the number of the EGF receptors expressed on the cancer cells, but no correlations were found between the cytotoxicity of adriamycin and cisplatin and EGF receptors. Addition of TNFalpha increased the number of EGF receptors in the SCC cell lines 1.5- to 2-fold. The cytotoxic effect of combined administration of PEP and TNFalpha was correlated with the number of EGF receptors, and produced a 2- to 5-fold increase in IC50 compared with administration of PEP alone. These observations suggest that EGF receptor expression is closely associated with the cytotoxic effect of PEP on SCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osaku
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
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38
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Ishigami T, Yoshida H, Yusa H, Yanagawa T. Gingival cancer suspected of producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: report of a case. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 59:804-8. [PMID: 11429746 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2001.24299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Ishigami
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tsukuba University Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
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39
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Abstract
The histologic and immunohistochemical findings of an extremely rare case of congenital soft tissue mass on the alveolar ridge in an infant are reported. The lesion clinically mimicked an ordinary congenital epulis (congenital granular cell epulis, granular cell tumor of the newborn); however, histologically it consisted of a conglomerate of spindle-shaped cells, akin to smooth muscle cells, which formed interlacing and whorled fasciculi. Nerve fibers with myxoid degeneration, capillaries and muscle walled small vessels intermingled with fasciculi of spindle-shaped cells. The border between the conglomerate of spindle-shaped cells and the surrounding connective tissue was not evident. Immunohistochemically, most of the spindle-shaped cells were intensely positive for antibodies to alpha-smooth muscle actin, HHF-35 and desmin. These findings suggest that the lesion was composed of mature smooth muscle cells that were of hamartomatous or choristomatous nature. The term 'congenital leiomyomatous epulis' is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takeda
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
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40
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Lazaris AC, Eftychiadis CA, Nicolopoulou P, Paraskevakou HA, Davaris PS. Congenital epulis: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical case study. Adv Clin Path 2000; 4:159-63. [PMID: 11436148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of an otherwise healthy, two days old, female with a a mass derived from the mandible. Light microscopy findings were compatible with the diagnosis of congenital epulis. The lesion showed negative staining for S-100 protein, which is a characteristic finding in cases of epulis and distinguishes it from granular cell tumor. The characteristic electron microscopy findings, as well as other features of epulis in relation to the theories for its possible origin are also reviewed
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Lazaris
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Medical School, The Athens National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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41
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been thought that drug-induced gingival hyperplasia is not related to tumorigenesis, recent case reports have shown that squamous cell carcinomas may arise in gingival hyperplasia induced by cyclosporin and phenytoin. The possible implications between the pathogenesis of this disease and tumorigenesis have not been elucidated and remain to be studied. METHODS We immunohistochemically examined the expression of tumor-related markers such as p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen in 11 hyperplastic gingival tissues induced by nifedipine and phenytoin, as well as 5 control tissues using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. RESULTS Two specimens out of 4 nifedipine-induced and 4 out of 7 phenytoin-induced hyperplastic gingival tissues revealed the expression of p53 protein in the nuclei of epithelial cells, while no expression of p53 protein was observed in the epithelia of the 5 non-hyperplastic control tissues. The immunoreactions against p53 protein showed sporadic distribution in the suprabasal layers of hyperplastic epithelia. The mean percentage of epithelial cells expressing Ki-67 antigen in the hyperplastic gingival tissues was more than 10% higher than that in the controls. The expression of Ki-67 antigen was suppressed in the typical rete pegs deeply elongated into lamina propria of hyperplastic gingival tissues. Intense immunostaining of Ki-67 antigen was found in fibroblasts of hyperplastic gingival tissues, while that of the control tissues was negligible. CONCLUSIONS The expression of p53 protein in gingival hyperplasia suggests that the pathogenesis of this disease is involved with impaired DNA, while the growth arrest observed in the hyperplastic epithelia with typically elongated rete pegs as expressed with Ki-67 antigen may prevent the invasive expansion of epithelial cells undergoing DNA damage within gingival tissues and may consequently suppress tumorigenic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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42
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Guillou L, Calonje E, Speight P, Rosai J, Fletcher CD. Hobnail hemangioma: a pseudomalignant vascular lesion with a reappraisal of targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1999; 23:97-105. [PMID: 9888709 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-199901000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The clinicopathologic features of 15 cutanous hemangiomas having a distinctive and frequently pseudomalignant morphologic appearance are presented. There were 5 male and 9 female patients, whose ages at diagnosis ranged from 11 to 58 years (median 30.5). An angiomatous/pigmented, nontargetoid, flat, or exophytic lesion of variable duration was the main presenting sign. The tumor sizes ranged from 0.4 cm to 2 cm (median 1 cm). The locations included the lower limb, particularly the thigh (8); the trunk, including the shoulder area (4); the head (1); the gingiva (1); and the tongue (1). One patient had two lesions; none had a concomitant vascular anomaly or was suspected to have HIV infection. Treatment consisted of excisional biopsy in all cases. Follow-up information on 10 patients (range 4-66 months; median 13 months) showed no recurrence. On microscopic examination, the lesion showed a biphasic pattern characterized by the presence of well-formed, dilated, vascular channels in superficial dermis and a collagen-dissecting, pseudoangiosarcomatous pattern as the lesion infiltrated deeper into the dermis. The lining endothelium consistently showed distinctive hobnail cytomorphology; although there were endoluminal stromal papillae, there was no endothelial multilayering or tufting. Cytologic atypia was minimal or absent, and there were no mitoses. In 3 cases, the morphologic features were reminiscent of retiform hemangioendothelioma. Immunohistochemistry performed in 8 cases showed variable reactivity of endothelial cells with CD31, CD34, Factor VIII-related antigen, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 in all cases; smooth muscle actin-positive pericytes were observed focally around some of the abnormal vascular spaces. The above-described hemangiomatous lesions share many features with so-called targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma (a clinically descriptive term), but show a variable, often minimal, amount of hemosiderin deposition. The histologically descriptive term hobnail hemangioma is proposed to designate these lesions. Hobnail hemangioma should be distinguished from well-differentiated angiosarcoma, patch-stage Kaposi's sarcoma, and retiform hemangioendothelioma, with which it may be confused.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guillou
- University Institute of Pathology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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43
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Meng CL, Yang CY, Shen KL, Wong PY, Lee HK. Inhibition of the synthesis of eicosanoid-like substances in a human oral cancer cell line by interferon-gamma and eicosapentaenoic acid. Arch Oral Biol 1998; 43:979-86. [PMID: 9877329 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9969(98)00078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to examine the production of eicosanoids in a Chinese human oral cancer cell line (OEC-M1) and to test the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and enzyme inhibitors on this biosynthesis. The eicosanoids were identified by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography. Two predominant peaks appeared in the chromatograms. One compound (P-1) was identified by ultraviolet absorption at a lambda(max) of 278nm with shoulders at 272 and 284nm. The other compound (P-2) was identified by ultraviolet absorption at a lambda(max) of 284 nm with shoulders at 278 and 290 nm. The production of P- was significantly inhibited by the addition of IFN-gamma (200 and 400 U/ml), and EPA (10 to 40 microM). It was only partially inhibited (p < 0.05) by indomethacin (INDO) (0.5 and 1 microM), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (30 and 60 microM/ml), and eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid (ETYA) (20-60 microM). It was almost completely inhibited by indomethacin (2 and 3 microM), and dexamethasone (0.6 and 6 microM). The production of P-2 was almost completely inhibited by IFN-gamma (200 and 400 U/ml), and partially inhibited (p < 0.05) by EPA (10 and 20 microM), NDGA (30 and 60 microM), ETYA (20 and 40 microM), dexamethasone (0.6 and 6 microM). The production of both peaks was significantly reduced by excluding arachidonic acid (AA), and almost completely inhibited by heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min during incubation. These results demonstrate that two eicosanoid-like compounds are synthesized by the OEC-M cell line and that their production can be modulated by IFN-gamma, EPA, indomethacin, NDGA, ETYA, and dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Meng
- Department of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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44
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Volpe F, Verrioli M. [Congenital granular-cell epulis. A histochemical case study]. Minerva Stomatol 1997; 46:267-71. [PMID: 9265097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Following a review of the literature the author reports the various different hypotheses regarding the origin and nature of congenital epulis, a pedunculated neoformation with a gingival or more rarely mandibular localisation. Epulides present dimensions varying from a few millimetres to a couple of centimetres and they may exceptionally be multiple in the same subject. A case of granulocellular congenital epulis is reported covered by integral mucosa, located in correspondence with the maximally gingiva in a paramedical site. The epulis, removed a few days after birth since it prevented the child from sucking, did not present any other pathological element and underwent optical microscope examination using hematoxylin staining, eosin, PAS, argentic impregnation according to Gomori, Masson's Trichromic, Alcian Bleu. The results are discussed in relation to the histogenesis of this rare gingival lesion: the histogenetic question is still unresolved given that even the ultrastructural tests performed by various authors have yielded discordant results. The hypothesis of an hamartomatous nature of the epulis is however more plausible than the hypothesis of a neoplastic process in the strict sense of the term.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Volpe
- Servizio di Anatomia ed Istologia Patologica e di Citopatologia, A.S.L. SA/2, Ospedale Civile di Eboli, Salerno
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45
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Ueta E, Miki T, Osaki T, Iwata J, Sonobe H. Desmoplastic malignant melanoma of the gingiva: case report and review of the literature. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1996; 32B:423-7. [PMID: 9039229 DOI: 10.1016/s0964-1955(96)00036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A rare case of desmoplastic melanoma arising from the maxillary gingiva of a 66-year-old woman is reported. This tumour metastasised to the submandibular lymph node 5 years after extirpation, and local recurrence was observed 2 years later. The gingival tumour showed the histopathological characteristics of desmoplastic melanoma and the metastasised tumour cells were immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein, neuron specific enolase, HMB-45 highly specific for conventional melanoma, and Fontana-Masson staining. The gingival tumour, originally regarded as benign clinically, was actually a desmoplastic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ueta
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Japan
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46
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Miyatake K, Ueoka H, Tabata M, Shibayama T, Gemba K, Hiyama J, Ohnoshi T, Harada M, Nishii K, Moritani Y. [Gingival metastasis of large-cell lung cancer that produced G-CSF]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 33:1283-1287. [PMID: 8583722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further examination of a gingival mass. Chest radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a bulky mass originating in the upper portion of the left lung, in contact with a chronic empyema lesion that first occurred after resection for pulmonary tuberculosis. Examination of a specimen obtained by percutaneous needle biopsy of the mass led to the diagnosis of large-cell carcinoma. Laboratory findings on admission showed marked leukocytosis (48,100/microliter) without evidence of severe a bacterial infection. The level of G-CSF in serum was abnormally high (246 pg/ml, normal value: < 30 pg/ml). Chemotherapy with vindesine, ifosfamide, and cisplatin resulted in shrinkage of the gingival mass, and a decrease in the G-CSF level to 66 pg/ml. Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-G-CSF monoclonal antibody to the primary lung tumor and the gingival mass obtained at autopsy was positive for cytoplasmic G-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyatake
- Department of Medicine, Okayama University Medical School, Japan
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47
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Ida M, Kamada A. Changes in glycosaminoglycan characteristics during progression of a human gingival carcinoma xenograft line in nude mice. J Osaka Dent Univ 1995; 29:39-50. [PMID: 8941754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated changes in the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) during progression of a human gingival carcinoma xenograft line, GK -1, in nude mice. The GAGs extracted from cancers 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 weeks after transplantation consisted of hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS) as major components, and dermatan sulfate (DS) as a trace component for all cancers. HPLC analysis revealed that the HA content per defatted tissue dry weight increased in the cancers 5 weeks after transplantation compared to those of 3 weeks (p < 0.05), while CS for cancers at 10 weeks decreased compared with 7 weeks (p < 0.05). However, HS showed no significant change. Both the CS and DS contained primarily 4-sulfated disaccharide units. Immunohistochemical staining with antibody 2-B-6 for the PGs having delta DI-4S produced by chondroitinase ABC digestion showed that CS is located in the tissue surrounding the cancer nests and mass. These results indicate that the location of accumulation of CS, which primarily contains 4-sulfated disaccharide units, plays an important role in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ida
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Dental University, Japan
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48
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Susami E, Uchiyama K, Asanami S. [A study of intra-arterial infusion with carboplatin (CBDCA) for 2 patients with maxillary gingival cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1994; 21:1063-6. [PMID: 8002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary gingiva, carboplatin (CBDCA) was administered by continuous infusion for 5 days, and the clinical outcome and platinum concentrations in the peripheral blood, urine and tissue were investigated. Clinical effects were PR in one of the 2 cases and CR in the other. Platinum concentrations were as high as 3.17 and 13.90 micrograms/g in the tissue, but low in peripheral blood, not exceeding 0.61 and 0.62 micrograms/ml, respectively. These findings suggested that the present method secures the transport of the agent to a local site, with possible reduction of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Susami
- Dept. of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku-City, Japan
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50
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Balogh K, Richardson J. Chondrogenesis in peripheral fibromas of the gingiva. Histochemical demonstration of oxytalan fibers and mucopolysaccharides. J Oral Pathol 1986; 15:169-71. [PMID: 2422334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Five lesions were studied to elucidate the histogenesis of cartilage in peripheral fibromas. Cytological features suggested direct transformation from fibroblast-like cells to chondrocytes (cartilaginous metaplasia). Supportive evidence for such differentiation was the presence of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides in the loose stroma of the lesions as well as in the ground substance of the cartilaginous centers. In one instance, the metaplastic cartilage showed bone formation. An increased number of oxytalan fibers could be demonstrated in the fibroma and in the cartilage.
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