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Yang J, Xiao C, Wen H, Sun K, Wu X, Feng X. Effect Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Vacuum Sealing Drainage on Serum Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Pressure Ulcer by Intelligent Algorithm-Based CT Image. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:8916076. [PMID: 35281950 PMCID: PMC8906978 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8916076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work was to explore the efficacy of intelligent algorithm-based computed tomography (CT) to evaluate platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of patients with pressure ulcers. Based on the u-net network structure, an image denoising algorithm based on double residual convolution neural network (Dr-CNN) was proposed to denoise the CT images. A total of 84 patients who were hospitalized in hospital were randomly divided into group A (without any intervention), group B (PRP treatment), group C (VSD treatment), and group D (PRP+VSD treatment). Procalcitonin (PCT) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined with immunofluorescence method, C-reactive protein (CRP) was detected by rate reflectance turbidimetry (RRT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected by electrochemiluminescence method. The results showed that after treatment, 44 cases (52.38%) of pressure ulcers patients recovered, 24 cases (28.57%) had no change in stage, and 16 cases (19.04%) developed pressure ulcers. The pain scores of group D at 1 week (3.35 ± 0.56 points) and 2 weeks (2.76 ± 0.55 points) after treatment were significantly lower than those in group C (7.77 ± 0.58 points and 6.34 ± 0.44 points, respectively). The time of complete wound healing in group D (24.5 ± 2.32) was obviously lower in contrast to that in groups A, B, and C (35.54 ± 3.22 days, 30.23 ± 2 days, and 29.34 ± 2.15 days, respectively). In addition, the medical satisfaction of group D (8.74 ± 0.69) was significantly higher than that of groups A, B, and C (4.69 ± 0.85, 5.22 ± 0.31, and 5.18 ± 0.59, respectively). The levels of IL-6 and PCT in group D were lower than those in groups A, B, and C, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The average values of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of the Dr-CNN network model were 37.21 ± 1.09 dB and 0.925 ± 0.01, respectively, which were higher than other algorithms. The mean values of root mean square error (MSE) and normalized mean absolute distance (NMAD) of the Dr-CNN network model were 0.022 ± 0.002 and 0.126 ± 0.012, respectively, which were significantly lower than other algorithms (P < 0.05). The experimental results showed that PrP combined with VSD could significantly reduce the inflammatory response of patients with pressure ulcers. PRP combined with VSD could significantly reduce the pain of dressing change for patients. Moreover, the performance model of image denoising algorithm based on double residual convolutional neural network was better than other algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhe Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
| | - Changshuan Xiao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
| | - Hailing Wen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
| | - Kui Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
| | - Xinshu Feng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000 Hebei, China
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Zhu Y, Zhu X, Chen Z, Cao X, Wang L, Zang L, Cao W, Sun T, Bai X. The Efficacy of Needle-Warming Moxibustion Combined with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Ischemic Stroke and Its Effect on Neurological Function. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:2204981. [PMID: 35237338 PMCID: PMC8885239 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2204981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of needle-warming moxibustion (NWM) combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke and its effect on neurological function. METHODS One hundred patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang from January 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. Among them, 45 patients treated with NWM were set as the control group, and the rest 55 patients treated by NWM combined with HBOT were included in the research group. The curative effect, neurological deficit score, activity of daily living (ADL), balance ability, and the levels of serum proinflammatory factors in both groups were observed and recorded. Of them, the neurological deficit of patients was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS), the ADL ability was determined by the Barthel index score, and the balance ability was assessed by the Berg balance scale. RESULTS The total effective rate of the research group was higher than that of the control group. Better ADL and balance ability and milder neurologic impairment were determined in the research group compared with the control group. After treatment, the secretion levels of proinflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the serum of patients in the research group were statistically lower than those before treatment and the control group. CONCLUSIONS NWM combined with HBOT is effective in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke, which can not only improve patients' neurological function, ADL, and balance ability but also inhibit serum inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhu
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhu
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhitian Chen
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueli Cao
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Zang
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Neurorehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyu Bai
- Acupuncture and Massage Department, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222002 Jiangsu Province, China
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Phetsouphanh C, Darley DR, Wilson DB, Howe A, Munier CML, Patel SK, Juno JA, Burrell LM, Kent SJ, Dore GJ, Kelleher AD, Matthews GV. Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:210-216. [PMID: 35027728 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 202.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A proportion of patients surviving acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)) lasting longer than 12 weeks. Here, we studied individuals with LC compared to age- and gender-matched recovered individuals without LC, unexposed donors and individuals infected with other coronaviruses. Patients with LC had highly activated innate immune cells, lacked naive T and B cells and showed elevated expression of type I IFN (IFN-β) and type III IFN (IFN-λ1) that remained persistently high at 8 months after infection. Using a log-linear classification model, we defined an optimal set of analytes that had the strongest association with LC among the 28 analytes measured. Combinations of the inflammatory mediators IFN-β, PTX3, IFN-γ, IFN-λ2/3 and IL-6 associated with LC with 78.5-81.6% accuracy. This work defines immunological parameters associated with LC and suggests future opportunities for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R Darley
- St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel B Wilson
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annett Howe
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Mee Ling Munier
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheila K Patel
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise M Burrell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory J Dore
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony D Kelleher
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Gail V Matthews
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
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Gürdeniz G, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Savolainen MJ, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Brader L, Cloetens L, Herzig KH, Hukkanen J, Rosqvist F, Ulven SM, Gunnarsdóttir I, Thorsdottir I, Oresic M, Poutanen KS, Risérus U, Åkesson B, Dragsted LO. Analysis of the SYSDIET Healthy Nordic Diet randomized trial based on metabolic profiling reveal beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and blood lipids. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:441-451. [PMID: 35007813 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intake assessment in multicenter trials is challenging, yet important for accurate outcome evaluation. The present study aimed to characterize a multicenter randomized controlled trial with a healthy Nordic diet (HND) compared to a Control diet (CD) by plasma and urine metabolic profiles and to associate them with cardiometabolic markers. METHODS During 18-24 weeks of intervention, 200 participants with metabolic syndrome were advised at six centres to eat either HND (e.g. whole-grain products, berries, rapeseed oil, fish and low-fat dairy) or CD while being weight stable. Of these 166/159 completers delivered blood/urine samples. Metabolic profiles of fasting plasma and 24 h pooled urine were analysed to identify characteristic diet-related patterns. Principal components analysis (PCA) scores (i.e. PC1 and PC2 scores) were used to test their combined effect on blood glucose response (primary endpoint), serum lipoproteins, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS The profiles distinguished HND and CD with AUC of 0.96 ± 0.03 and 0.93 ± 0.02 for plasma and urine, respectively, with limited heterogeneity between centers, reflecting markers of key foods. Markers of fish, whole grain and polyunsaturated lipids characterized HND, while CD was reflected by lipids containing palmitoleic acid. The PC1 scores of plasma metabolites characterizing the intervention is associated with HDL (β = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.08; P = 0.001) and triglycerides (β = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.03; P < 0.001). PC2 scores were related with glucose metabolism (2 h Glucose, β = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.15; P < 0.001), LDL (β = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.1; P = 0.02) and triglycerides (β = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.15; P < 0.001). For urine, the scores were related with LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS Plasma and urine metabolite profiles from SYSDIET reflected good compliance with dietary recommendations across the region. The scores of metabolites characterizing the diets associated with outcomes related with cardio-metabolic risk. Our analysis therefore offers a novel way to approach a per protocol analysis with a balanced compliance assessment in larger multicentre dietary trials. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov with NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lea Brader
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lieselotte Cloetens
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Stine Marie Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingibjörg Gunnarsdóttir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland; Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland; Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Matej Oresic
- Turku Center for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Kaisa S Poutanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Liu L, Luo H, Liang Y, Tang J, Shu Y. Dapagliflozin Ameliorates STZ-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats by Inhibiting the Calpain-1 Expression and Nuclear Transfer of NF- κB. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:3293054. [PMID: 35096128 PMCID: PMC8794691 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3293054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin (DAPA) on cardiac hypertrophy induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its mechanism. METHODS SD rats with T2DM were divided into a T2DM group (n = 6) and DAPA group (n = 6). They were, respectively, fed with the same amount of normal saline and 1 mg/kg DAPA. The control group (n = 6) was also fed with normal saline. The hearts were tested by the application of echocardiography and hemodynamics. Subsequently, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) as well as interleukin- (IL-) 10, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in serum were tested. H&E and Masson staining was performed to observe the degree of cardiac tissue lesions, and expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), calpain-1, p-IκBα, and p65 in myocardial tissue was tested by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the control group, rats in the T2DM group exhibited significant diabetic symptoms: FBG was significantly elevated, and the levels of TC, TG, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly increased, while the levels of IL-10 and the calpain activity were evidently decreased. However, DAPA treatment could improve the above changes. At the same time, the damage and fibrosis of the heart tissue in the DAPA group were markedly improved. Additionally, the mRNA expression of ANP and BNP in myocardial tissue of the DAPA group was markedly increased. And DAPA could inhibit the expression of p-IκBα/IκBα in the cytoplasm and p65 in the nucleus as well as the expression of calpain-1 in myocardial tissue. CONCLUSION DAPA treatment ameliorates the cardiac hypertrophy caused by T2DM by decreasing body blood glucose, while reducing the expression of calpain-1 in cardiomyocytes and inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Calpain/antagonists & inhibitors
- Calpain/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/drug therapy
- Cardiomegaly/etiology
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Computational Biology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Streptozocin/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Haizhao Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanhai People's Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528200, China
| | - Yunyi Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanhai People's Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528200, China
| | - Jielong Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanhai People's Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528200, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanhai People's Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528200, China
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Milesi G, Rangan A, Grafenauer S. Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:374. [PMID: 35057555 PMCID: PMC8778110 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole grain foods are rich in nutrients, dietary fibre, a range of antioxidants, and phytochemicals, and may have potential to act in an anti-inflammatory manner, which could help impact chronic disease risk. This systematic literature review aimed to examine the specific effects of whole grains on selected inflammatory markers from human clinical trials in adults. As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) protocol, the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception through to 31 August 2021. Randomized control trials (RCTs) ≥ 4 weeks in duration, reporting ≥1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), were included. A total of 31 RCTs were included, of which 16 studies recruited overweight/obese individuals, 12 had pre-existing conditions, two were in a healthy population, and one study included participants with prostate cancer. Of these 31 RCTs, three included studies with two intervention arms. A total of 32 individual studies measured CRP (10/32 were significant), 18 individual studies measured IL-6 (2/18 were significant), and 13 individual studies measured TNF (5/13 were significant). Most often, the overweight/obese population and those with pre-existing conditions showed significant reductions in inflammatory markers, mainly CRP (34% of studies). Overall, consumption of whole grain foods had a significant effect in reducing at least one inflammatory marker as demonstrated in 12/31 RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Milesi
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (G.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Rangan
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (G.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Sara Grafenauer
- Grains & Legumes Nutrition Council, Mount Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
- School of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
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Hannemann C, Schecker JH, Brettschneider A, Grune J, Rösener N, Weller A, Stangl V, Fisher EA, Stangl K, Ludwig A, Hewing B. Deficiency of inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) attenuates diet-induced hyperlipidaemia and early atherogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:156-168. [PMID: 33576385 PMCID: PMC8932158 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial vessel wall and anti-inflammatory treatment strategies are currently pursued to lower cardiovascular disease burden. Modulation of recently discovered inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) attenuates shedding of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) selectively from immune cells. The present study aims at investigating the impact of iRhom2 deficiency on the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice with additional deficiency of iRhom2 (LDLR-/-iRhom2-/-) and control (LDLR-/-) mice were fed a Western-type diet (WD) for 8 or 20 weeks to induce early or advanced atherosclerosis. Deficiency of iRhom2 resulted in a significant decrease in the size of early atherosclerotic plaques as determined in aortic root cross-sections. LDLR-/-iRhom2-/- mice exhibited significantly lower serum levels of TNF-α and lower circulating and hepatic levels of cholesterol and triglycerides compared to LDLR-/- mice at 8 weeks of WD. Analyses of hepatic bile acid concentration and gene expression at 8 weeks of WD revealed that iRhom2 deficiency prevented WD-induced repression of hepatic bile acid synthesis in LDLR-/- mice. In contrast, at 20 weeks of WD, plaque size, plaque composition, and serum levels of TNF-α or cholesterol were not different between genotypes. CONCLUSION Modulation of inflammation by iRhom2 deficiency attenuated diet-induced hyperlipidaemia and early atherogenesis in LDLR-/- mice. iRhom2 deficiency did not affect diet-induced plaque burden and composition in advanced atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Hannemann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Hannemann435 East 30th St., 10016 New York, NY, USA
| | - Johannes H Schecker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alica Brettschneider
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Grune
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Rösener
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Weller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Hannemann435 East 30th St., 10016 New York, NY, USA
| | - Karl Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Ludwig
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Radiologie, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hewing
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Loerstr. 19, 48143, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Cardiology III-Adult Congenital and Valvular Heart Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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8
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Nie J, Fang Y, Chen Y, Aidina A, Qiu Q, Zhao L, Liu X, Sun L, Li Y, Zhong C, Li Y, Li X. Characteristics of Dysregulated Proinflammatory Cytokines and Cognitive Dysfunction in Late-Life Depression and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Immunol 2022; 12:803633. [PMID: 35069588 PMCID: PMC8767092 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Late-life depression (LLD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are two different diseases associated with a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both diseases are accompanied by dysregulation of inflammation. However, the differences and similarities of peripheral inflammatory parameters in these two diseases are not well understood. Methods We used Luminex assays to measure 29 cytokines simultaneously in the plasma of two large cohorts of subjects at high risk for AD (23 LLD and 23 aMCI) and 23 normal controls (NCs) in the community. Demographics and lifestyle factors were also collected. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (C-MoCA) and neuropsychological test battery (NTB). Results We observed a remarkably increased level of IL-6 in the plasma and reduced levels of chemokines (CXCL11 and CCL13) in the LLD group compared with the aMCI group. The LLD group also showed lower levels of CXCL16 than the NC group. Furthermore, altered cytokine levels were associated with abnormal results in neuropsychological testing and Geriatric Depression Scale scores in both the LLD and aMCI groups. Notably, combinations of cytokines (IL-6 and CCL13) and two subitems of C-MoCA (orientation and short-term memory) generated the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC = 0.974). Conclusion A novel model based on proinflammatory cytokines and brief screening tests performs with fair accuracy in the discrimination between LLD and aMCI. These findings will give clues to provide new therapeutic targets for interventions or markers for two diseases with similar predementia syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases (14DZ2260300), Shanghai, China
| | - Aisikeer Aidina
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases (14DZ2260300), Shanghai, China
| | - Chuwen Zhong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Mitrovic B, Gluvic Z, Macut D, Obradovic M, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Soskic S, Stajic D, Isenovic ER. Effects of Metformin-Single Therapy on the Level of Inflammatory Markers in Serum of Non-Obese T2DM Patients with NAFLD. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:117-124. [PMID: 33632113 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210225110140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with inflammation and subsequent increase in cardiovascular risk. Because of its widespread presence and distribution, invasive diagnostic procedures (i.e., liver biopsy) are reserved for a limited number of subjects. With liver ultrasound, Fatty liver index (FLI) and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores non-invasively assess liver steatosis and fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the changes in inflammatory markers and FLI/FIB-4 scores in non-obese metformin-treated type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) with NAFLD. METHODS All subjects underwent abdominal ultrasound aiming for NAFLD stratification (grade 1 to 3 according to its severity). Metabolic parameters (morning glycaemia, HbA1C, lipids, liver function tests), serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, ferritin, and nitric oxide) and FLI/- FIB-4 were calculated. RESULTS FLI score and ultrasound NAFLD grades were found to correlate (p<0.05). We observed a significant correlation between the levels of ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p<0.05), and the FLI (p<0.05). Body weight (BW) (p<0.05), waist circumference (WC) (p<0.05), the levels of HbA1c (p<0.05), transferrin (p<0.05), insulin (p<0.05), and FLI score (p<0.05) significantly differed between groups as defined by the severity of NAFLD. CONCLUSION This pilot study suggests that the serum inflammatory markers at the average normal values point to the sufficiency of metformin-single therapy in inflammation control in non-obese T2DM patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Mitrovic
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuro Macut
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Disorders, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Soskic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Stajic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Li L, Pan Z, Ning D, Fu Y. Rosmanol and Carnosol Synergistically Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010078. [PMID: 35011304 PMCID: PMC8746366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Callicarpalongissima has been used as a Yao folk medicine to treat arthritis for years in China, although its active anti-arthritic moieties have not been clarified so far. In this study, two natural phenolic diterpenoids with anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects, rosmanol and carnosol, isolated from the medicinal plant were reported on for the first time. In type II collagen-induced arthritis DBA/1 mice, both rosmanol (40 mg/kg/d) and carnosol (40 mg/kg/d) alone alleviated the RA symptoms, such as swelling, redness, and synovitis; decreased the arthritis index score; and downregulated the serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Additionally, they blocked the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Of particular interest was that when they were used in combination (20 mg/kg/d each), the anti-RA effect and inhibitory activity on the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway were significantly enhanced. The results demonstrated that rosmanol and carnosol synergistically alleviated RA by inhibiting inflammation through regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway, meaning they have the potential to be developed into novel, safe natural combinations for the treatment of RA.
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11
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Yang F, Wu SC, Ling ZX, Chao S, Zhang LJ, Yan XM, He L, Yu LM, Zhao LY. Altered Plasma Metabolic Profiles in Chinese Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:792711. [PMID: 34975894 PMCID: PMC8715987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.792711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the demyelination of nerve axons. An increasing number of studies suggest that patients with MS exhibit altered metabolic profiles, which might contribute to the course of MS. However, the alteration of metabolic profiles in Chinese patients with MS and their potential roles in regulating the immune system remain elusive. In this study, we performed a global untargeted metabolomics approach in plasma samples from 22 MS-affected Chinese patients and 21 healthy subjects. A total of 42 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) belonging to amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates were identified in the plasma of MS patients and compared with those in healthy controls. We observed an evident reduction in the levels of amino acids, such as L-tyrosine, L-isoleucine, and L-tryptophan, whereas there was a great increase in the levels of L-glutamic acid and L-valine in MS-affected patients. The levels of lipid and carbohydrate metabolites, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate and myo-inositol, were also reduced in patients with MS. In addition, the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17 and TNF-α, were significantly increased, whereas those of several anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-1ra, IL-7, and MIP-1α, were distinctly reduced in the plasma of MS patients compared with those in healthy subjects. Interestingly, some DAMs, such as L-tryptophan and sphingosine 1-phosphate, showed an evident negative correlation with changes in the level of TNF-α and IL-17, while tightly positively correlating with altered concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as MIP-1α and RANTES. Our results revealed that altered metabolomic profiles might contribute to the pathogenesis and course of MS disease by modulating immuno-inflammatory responses in the peripheral system, which is essential for eliciting autoimmune responses in the central nervous system, thus resulting in the progression of MS. This study provides potential clues for developing therapeutic strategies for MS in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes for Shanghai Pudong Decoding Life, Research Center for Lin He Academician New Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-chang Wu
- Department of Geriatrics and Clinical Laboratory, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Zong-xin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Microbe & Host Health, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Shan Chao
- Institutes for Shanghai Pudong Decoding Life, Research Center for Lin He Academician New Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-juan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Clinical Laboratory, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Xiu-mei Yan
- Department of Geriatrics and Clinical Laboratory, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-mei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Long-you Zhao, ; Li-mei Yu,
| | - Long-you Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics and Clinical Laboratory, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
- *Correspondence: Long-you Zhao, ; Li-mei Yu,
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12
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Patsalos O, Dalton B, Kyprianou C, Firth J, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Schmidt U, Himmerich H. Nutrient Intake and Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Current and Recovered Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124400. [PMID: 34959952 PMCID: PMC8708616 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by disrupted and restrictive eating patterns. Recent investigations and meta-analyses have found altered concentrations of inflammatory markers in people with current AN. We aimed to assess nutrient intake in participants with current or recovered AN, as compared to healthy individuals, and explore group differences in dietary inflammatory potential as a possible explanation for the observed alterations in inflammatory markers. We recruited participants with current AN (n = 51), those recovered from AN (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 49). We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), to calculate a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) score and collected blood samples to measure serum concentrations of inflammatory markers. In current AN participants, we found lower intake of cholesterol, compared to HCs, and lower consumption of zinc and protein, compared to HC and recovered AN participants. A one-way ANOVA revealed no significant group differences in DII score. Multivariable regression analyses showed that DII scores were significantly associated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations in our current AN sample. Our findings on nutrient intake are partially consistent with previous research. The lack of group differences in DII score, perhaps suggests that diet is not a key contributor to altered inflammatory marker concentrations in current and recovered AN. Future research would benefit from including larger samples and using multiple 24-h dietary recalls to assess dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Patsalos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (B.D.); (C.K.); (U.S.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Bethan Dalton
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (B.D.); (C.K.); (U.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Christia Kyprianou
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (B.D.); (C.K.); (U.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M25 3BL, UK
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (B.D.); (C.K.); (U.S.); (H.H.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Hubertus Himmerich
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (B.D.); (C.K.); (U.S.); (H.H.)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK
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13
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Rodríguez MJ, Sabaj M, Tolosa G, Herrera Vielma F, Zúñiga MJ, González DR, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Maresin-1 Prevents Liver Fibrosis by Targeting Nrf2 and NF-κB, Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Cells 2021; 10:3406. [PMID: 34943914 PMCID: PMC8699629 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a complex process characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and an alteration in liver architecture, as a result of most types of chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver failure. Maresin-1 (MaR1) is derivative of ω-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which has been shown to have pro-resolutive and anti-inflammatory effects. We tested the hypothesis that the application of MaR1 could prevent the development of fibrosis in an animal model of chronic hepatic damage. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with liver fibrosis by injections of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and treated with or without MaR1 for four weeks. In the MaR1-treated animals, levels of AST and ALT were normalized in comparison with DEN alone, the hepatic architecture was improved, and inflammation and necrotic areas were reduced. Cell proliferation, assessed by the mitotic activity index and the expression of Ki-67, was increased in the MaR1-treated group. MaR1 attenuated liver fibrosis and oxidative stress was induced by DEN. Plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-1β were reduced in MaR1-treated animals, whereas the levels of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, increased. Interestingly, MaR1 inhibited the translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB, while increasing the activation of Nrf2, a key regulator of the antioxidant response. Finally, MaR1 treatment reduced the levels of the pro-fibrotic mediator TGF-β and its receptor, while normalizing the hepatic levels of IGF-1, a proliferative agent. Taken together, these results suggest that MaR1 improves the parameters of DEN-induced liver fibrosis, activating hepatocyte proliferation and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. These results open the possibility of MaR1 as a potential therapeutic agent in fibrosis and other liver pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (F.H.V.); (M.J.Z.); (D.R.G.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Matías Sabaj
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Gerardo Tolosa
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.S.); (G.T.)
| | - Francisca Herrera Vielma
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (F.H.V.); (M.J.Z.); (D.R.G.)
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Investigación y Desarrollo de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - María José Zúñiga
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (F.H.V.); (M.J.Z.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Daniel R. González
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (F.H.V.); (M.J.Z.); (D.R.G.)
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (M.J.R.); (F.H.V.); (M.J.Z.); (D.R.G.)
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14
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Sanfilippo F, Martucci G, La Via L, Cuttone G, Dimarco G, Pulizzi C, Arcadipane A, Astuto M. Hemoperfusion and blood purification strategies in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review. Artif Organs 2021; 45:1466-1476. [PMID: 34632596 PMCID: PMC8652899 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe cases requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Together with supportive therapies (ventilation in particular), the suppression of the pro-inflammatory state has been a hypothesized target. Pharmacological therapies with corticosteroids and interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonists have reduced mortality. The use of extracorporeal cytokine removal, also known as hemoperfusion (HP), could be a promising non-pharmacological approach to decrease the pro-inflammatory state in COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE databases in order to summarize the evidence regarding HP therapy in COVID-19. We included original studies and case series enrolling at least five patients. RESULTS We included 11 articles and describe the characteristics of the populations studied from both clinical and biological perspectives. The methodological quality of the included studies was generally low. Only two studies had a control group, one of which included 101 patients in total. The remaining studies had a range between 10 and 50 patients included. There was large variability in the HP techniques implemented and in clinical and biological outcomes reported. Most studies described decreasing levels of IL-6 after HP treatment. CONCLUSION Our review does not support strong conclusions regarding the role of HP in COVID-19. Considering the very low level of clinical evidence detected, starting HP therapies in COVID-19 patients does not seem supported outside of clinical trials. Prospective randomized data are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Sanfilippo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareAOU Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Gennaro Martucci
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive CareIRCCS‐ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione)PalermoItaly
| | - Luigi La Via
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareAOU Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele CataniaCataniaItaly
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital “G. Rodolico”, University of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Cuttone
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive CareIRCCS‐ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione)PalermoItaly
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital “G. Rodolico”, University of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Giorgio Dimarco
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive CareIRCCS‐ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione)PalermoItaly
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital “G. Rodolico”, University of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Carla Pulizzi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive CareIRCCS‐ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione)PalermoItaly
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital “G. Rodolico”, University of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Antonio Arcadipane
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive CareIRCCS‐ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione)PalermoItaly
| | - Marinella Astuto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareAOU Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele CataniaCataniaItaly
- School of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital “G. Rodolico”, University of CataniaCataniaItaly
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Chen X, Liang J, Bin W, Luo H, Yang X. Anti-hyperlipidemic, Anti-inflammatory, and Ameliorative Effects of DRP1 Inhibition in Rats with Experimentally Induced Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:1000-1011. [PMID: 34472022 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09691-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the biological role of DRP1 in myocardial infarction (MI) in concert with hyperlipidemia (HL). Based on the available literatures, 10 genes related to MI with HL (HL-MI) were screened and detected in clinical samples. High-fat diet (HFD) was used to establish HL rat models, after which the rats were subcutaneously injected with PBS or isoproterenol hydrochloride to induce acute MI. Then, rats with HL-MI were injected with pcDNA3.1, pcDNA3.1-DRP1, sh-NC, or sh-DRP1. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. Cardiac function was evaluated by detecting left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Infarct size and histopathological changes were assessed as well as myocardial apoptosis and collagen deposition. The concentration of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in rat serum and cardiac tissues was also measured by ELISA. Mitochondrial function was shown by measuring the morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-1) and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were also assessed. The expressions of the 10 genes were measured in clinical samples and DRP1 was selected for further experiments with significantly upregulated expression in MI patients. HFD-induced rats showed increased body weight, concurrent with higher levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C and lower HDL-C level. Compared with the BD-PBS group, the HFD-PBS group presented higher mRNA and protein expression levels of DRP1, exacerbated cardiac functions, enlarged infarct size, loss of cardiomyocytes, and disordered island cardiomyocytes. In the HL-MI rat model, injection of pcDNA3.1-DRP1 enhanced the levels of serum lipids and inflammation cytokines, induced loss of a number of cardiomyocytes and collagen deposition, and decreased LVFS and LVEF, while injection of sh-DRP1 ameliorated myocardial injuries, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis. In coronary artery endothelial cells from the rats, loss of MMP was observed in the HFD-MI, LV-NC, LV-DRP1, and sh-NC groups and concomitantly, the sh-DRP1group showed increased MMP and decreased levels of mitochondrial ROS, cytochrome C, pro-apoptotic proteins, and NLRP3. Inhibition of DRP1 markedly suppressed HL, systematic inflammation, and myocardial injuries induced by HL-MI through partly restoring mitochondrial function and reducing NLRP3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiehui Chen
- Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital (The Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua District, Guangdong Medical University), Shenzhen, 518110, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinjie Liang
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 12, Langshan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518112, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wugang Bin
- Department of Geriatrics Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 12, Langshan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518112, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmin Luo
- Shenzhen RealOmics (Biotech) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518081, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Shenzhen RealOmics (Biotech) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518081, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Soares E, Soares AC, Trindade PL, Monteiro EB, Martins FF, Forgie AJ, Inada KOP, de Bem GF, Resende A, Perrone D, Souza-Mello V, Tomás-Barberán F, Willing BP, Monteiro M, Daleprane JB. Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) powder consumption improves the metabolic profile and regulates gut microbiome composition in high-fat diet-fed mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112314. [PMID: 34634561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of a high-fat diet can cause metabolic syndrome and induces host gut microbial dysbiosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated the effect of polyphenol-rich jaboticaba peel and seed powder (JPSP) on the gut microbial community composition and liver health in a mouse model of NAFLD. Three-month-old C57BL/6 J male mice, received either a control (C, 10% of lipids as energy, n = 16) or high-fat (HF, 50% of lipids as energy, n = 64) diet for nine weeks. The HF mice were randomly subdivided into four groups (n = 16 in each group), three of which (HF-J5, HF-J10, and HF-J15) were supplemented with dietary JPSP for four weeks (5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively). In addition to attenuating weight gain, JPSP consumption improved dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. In a dose-dependent manner, JPSP consumption ameliorated the expression of hepatic lipogenesis genes (AMPK, SREBP-1, HGMCoA, and ABCG8). The effects on the microbial community structure were determined in all JPSP-supplemented groups; however, the HF-J10 and HF-J15 diets led to a drastic depletion in the species of numerous bacterial families (Bifidobacteriaceae, Mogibacteriaceae, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae, Dehalobacteriaceae, Peptococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Ruminococcaceae) compared to the HF diet, some of which represented a reversal of increases associated with HF. The Lachnospiraceae and Enterobacteriaceae families and the Parabacteroides, Sutterella, Allobaculum, and Akkermansia genera were enriched more in the HF-J10 and HF-J15 groups than in the HF group. In conclusion, JPSP consumption improved obesity-related metabolic profiles and had a strong impact on the microbial community structure, thereby reversing NAFLD and decreasing its severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Soares
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aruanna C Soares
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Leticia Trindade
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa B Monteiro
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiane F Martins
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrew J Forgie
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kim O P Inada
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Graziele F de Bem
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angela Resende
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Perrone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528 A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Souza-Mello
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco Tomás-Barberán
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Benjamin P Willing
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mariana Monteiro
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julio B Daleprane
- Laboratory for studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ma S, Sun Y, Zheng X, Yang Y. Gastrodin attenuates perfluorooctanoic acid-induced liver injury by regulating gut microbiota composition in mice. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11546-11556. [PMID: 34866532 PMCID: PMC8810172 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) can accumulate in the livers of humans and animals via the food chain, resulting into liver injury, which is closely related to intestinal flora dysbiosis. Gastrodin has been reported to have hepatoprotective effect. However, whether gastrodin can alleviate PFOA-induced liver injury via modulating gut microbiota remains unclear. Herein, a PFOA-induced liver injury model was established by gavage of PFOA (5 mg/kg body weight) in 2% Tween 80 solution once daily for 6 weeks in mice, and then gastrodin in saline (20 mg/kg body weight) was used once daily for 8 weeks to treat liver damage. The biochemical indexes associated with liver function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors were examined. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to determine the liver histopathological changes. Besides, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the difference of gut microbiota between the model and treatment groups. The results showed that gastrodin significantly improved the oxidative stress caused by PFOA. Intestinal flora analysis showed that gastrodin treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides, while the harmful bacteria, including Desulfovibrio were decreased. Gastrodin treatment also significantly increased the level of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyric acid and isobutyric acid. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the composition changes of gut microbiota and SCFAs increase were both beneficial to alleviate the liver injury caused by PFOA. To sum up, gastrodin can effectively alleviate PFOA-induced liver injury through regulating gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Ma
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong Provincial Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Fever Observation Ward, Shandong Provincial Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, China
| | - Xueting Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Yangxin County, Binzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong Provincial Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, China
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Adoga JO, Channa ML, Nadar A. Kolaviron attenuates cardiovascular injury in fructose-streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetic male rats by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving cardiovascular risk markers. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112323. [PMID: 34656062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease among type-2 diabetic patients has become a source of major concern world over. This study explored the protective effect of kolaviron, a bioflavonoid, against oxidative cardiovascular injury in fructose- streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic male Sprague Dawley rats. After acclimatization, induction, and confirmation of type-2 diabetes, kolaviron was administered for 28days, after which the animals were anesthetized with Isofor and euthanized. Blood from each rat were collected, and blood samples were then centrifuged for serum and plasma. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), Creatine phosphokinase (CK), and insulin levels were immediately determined in serum, while remaining samples (serum, plasma, and organs) were stored in the bio-freezer at - 80 °C and 10% formalin for enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA), biochemical, molecular, and histopathological studies. The results show that type-2 diabetes induction with fructose and streptozotocin led to increased blood glucose levels, decreased insulin levels and cardiac antioxidant enzyme activities, increased malondialdehyde levels, cardiac biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, resulted in abnormal lipid profile, increased blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, and decreased plasma endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) concentration. The histopathological examination of the cardiac tissue revealed severe lesion, hypertrophy, and myofibrils degeneration. However, administration of kolaviron for 28days remarkably improved these conditions. Hence the result from the study validates the potency of kolaviron, and suggests it could serve as an alternative to existing remedy in ameliorating or protecting against cardiovascular injury in type-2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Fructose
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Insulin/blood
- Lipids/blood
- Male
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/blood
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey O Adoga
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa.
| | - Mahendra L Channa
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anand Nadar
- Department of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
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19
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Yan P, Li JW, Mo LG, Huang QR. A nomogram combining inflammatory markers and clinical factors predicts survival in patients with diffuse glioma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27972. [PMID: 34964788 PMCID: PMC8615312 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in diffuse glioma, and to establish a prognostic nomogram accordingly.The hematologic and clinicopathological data of 162 patients with primary diffuse glioma who received surgical treatment from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was carried out to determine the optimal cut-off values for NLR, MLR, PLR, age, and Ki-67 index, respectively. Kaplan-Meier method was used to investigate the correlation between inflammatory indicators and prognosis of glioma patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were performed to evaluate the independent prognostic value of each parameter in glioma. Then, a nomogram was developed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year postoperative survival in diffuse glioma patients based on independent prognostic factors. Subsequent time-dependent ROC curve, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and concordance index (C-index) were performed to assess the predictive performance of the nomogram.The Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that patients with high levels of NLR, MLR, and PLR had a poor prognosis. In addition, we found that NLR level was associated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade and IDH status of glioma. The multivariate Cox analysis indicated that resection extent, WHO grade, and NLR level were independent prognostic factors, and we established a nomogram that included these three parameters. The evaluation of the nomogram indicated that the nomogram had a good predictive performance, and the addition of NLR could improve the accuracy.NLR, MLR, and PLR were prognostic factors of diffuse glioma. In addition, the nomogram including NLR was reliable for predicting survival of diffuse glioma patients.
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Longhi R, Santos ASEADC, López-Yerena A, Rodrigues APS, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. The Effectiveness of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and the Traditional Brazilian Diet in Reducing the Inflammatory Profile of Individuals with Severe Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114139. [PMID: 34836393 PMCID: PMC8624522 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effectiveness of two nutritional interventions alone and together, EVOO and the DieTBra, on the inflammatory profile of severely obese individuals. This study was an RCT with 149 individuals aged from 18 to 65 years, with a body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2, randomized into three intervention groups: (1) 52 mL/day of EVOO (n = 50); (2) DieTBra (n = 49); and (3) DieTBra plus 52 mL/day of EVOO (DieTBra + EVOO, n = 50). The primary outcomes we measured were the-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the secondary outcomes we measured were the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR); leukocytes; and C reactive protein (CRP). After 12 weeks of intervention, DieTBra + EVOO significantly reduced the total leucocytes (p = 0.037) and LMR (p = 0.008). No statistically significant differences were found for the NLR in neither the intra-group and inter-group analyses, although a slight reduction was found in the DieTBra group (−0.22 ± 1.87). We observed reductions in the total leukocytes and LMR in the three groups, though without statistical difference between groups. In conclusion, nutritional intervention with DietBra + EVOO promotes a significant reduction in inflammatory biomarkers, namely leukocytes and LMR. CRP was reduced in EVOO and DieTBra groups and NLR reduced in the DieTBra group. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under NCT02463435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Longhi
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil;
| | - Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana Paula Santos Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, London University College, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Rua 235 c/1ª s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74650-050, Brazil; (A.S.e.A.d.C.S.); (A.P.S.R.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, London University College, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-62-3209-6151
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21
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Baazm M, Behrens V, Beyer C, Nikoubashman O, Zendedel A. Regulation of Inflammasomes by Application of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in a Spinal Cord Injury Model. Cells 2021; 10:3147. [PMID: 34831370 PMCID: PMC8618254 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n3) ameliorate inflammation in different diseases and potentially improve neurological function after neuronal injury. Following spinal cord injury (SCI), inflammatory events result in caspase-1 mediated activation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) and 18. We aim to evaluate the neuroprotective potency of PUFA n3 in suppressing the formation and activation of inflammasomes following SCI. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, SCI, SCI+PUFA n3, and SCI+Lipofundin MCT (medium-chain triglyceride; vehicle). PUFA n3 or vehicle was intravenously administered immediately after SCI and every 24 h for the next three days. We analyzed the expression of NLRP3, NLRP1, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1b, and 18 in the spinal cord. The distribution of microglia, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes was assessed by immunohistochemistry analysis. Behavioral testing showed significantly improved locomotor recovery in PUFA n3-treated animals and the SCI-induced upregulation of inflammasome components was reduced. Histopathological evaluation confirmed the suppression of microgliosis, increased numbers of oligodendrocytes, and the prevention of demyelination by PUFA n3. Our data support the neuroprotective role of PUFA n3 by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings provide evidence that PUFA n3 has therapeutic effects which potentially attenuate neuronal damage in SCI and possibly also in other neuronal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Baazm
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3819693345, Iran;
| | - Victoria Behrens
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (V.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Cordian Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (V.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Omid Nikoubashman
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Adib Zendedel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (V.B.); (C.B.)
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Yang M, Zheng J, Zong X, Yang X, Zhang Y, Man C, Jiang Y. Preventive Effect and Molecular Mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus JL1 on Food-Borne Obesity in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3989. [PMID: 34836242 PMCID: PMC8621931 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can prevent obesity and related metabolic complications. In our study, the protective effect and molecular mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus JL1 (separated from the feces of healthy infants) on high-fat diet mice were investigated. After 10 weeks of dietary intervention with L. rhamnosus JL1 intervention, the body weight of the JL1 group (23.78 g) was significantly lower than that of the HFD group (26.59 g, p < 0.05) and the liver index was reduced. Serum biochemical analysis showed that the TC, TG and LDL-C contents of JL1 group mice were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Histological images of the mice livers showed that the degree of lipid action and damage of hepatic cells were improved. L. rhamnosus JL1 activated the AMPK pathway, and reduced the gene expression of PPAR-γ, LXR-α and SREBP-1C. In addition, the protein expression of PPAR-γ and LXR-α were reduced. After dietary intervention with L. rhamnosus JL1, the concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were increased significantly, especially the concentration of butyric acid, which was 63.16% higher than that of the HFD group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study provided a theoretical reference for the development and application of probiotics derived from healthy infant feces in health products and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.); (C.M.)
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23
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Xu Y, Wei FX. A retrospective study of enteral nutrition on immune and inflammatory factors after liver cancer surgery. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27718. [PMID: 34871264 PMCID: PMC8568385 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT This retrospective study aimed to explore the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) on immune and inflammatory factors after liver cancer surgery (LCS).It was retrospectively conducted on enrolled LCS patients between January 2017 and May 2020. The medical records of 528 patient case records were collected and reviewed. After selection, a total of 80 eligible patient case records were finally included. All those patients received routine diet, and they were allocated to a treatment group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). In addition, patients in the treatment group also received EN. The primary outcomes were immune factors (CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and inflammatory factors (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α). The secondary outcomes were postoperative hospital stay (day), time to first bowel sounds (hour), time to first flatus (day), time to first defecation (day), and complications.There were not significant differences in CD4+/CD8+ (P = .34), postoperative hospital stay (P = .39), and time to first bowel sounds (P = .17) between 2 groups. However, there were significant differences in CD4+ (P < .01), CD8+ (P < .01), interleukin-1 (P < .01), interleukin-6 (P < .01), tumor necrosis factor-α (P < .01), time to first flatus (P < .01), and time to first defecation (P < .01) between 2 groups. As for complications, there were not significant differences between 2 groups (P > .05).The results of this study found that EN may benefit for patients after LCS during the recovery period. Future high quality prospective studies are needed to warrant the present conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Feng-xiang Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
- Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Mahmood Alam J, Asghar SS, Ali H, Mahmood SR, Ansari MA. REPORT- Varying pattern of blood gases, ferritin, procalcitonin, C-Reactive protein, interleukin 6 and lactate dehydrogenase in Covid-19 patients suffering from diverse Co-Morbid, suspected cytokine storm and periodic effects of antiviral and steroidal treatments. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2265-2271. [PMID: 35034890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study depicted varying pattern of inflammatory markers and blood gases of selected SARS Covid-19 patients with triggered cytokine storm, during their stay in ICUs, HDUs, on ventilators for 21 days. All were treated with Antiviral (remdesivir), steroid (dexamethason) and antipyretic (paracetamol) medications. Procalcitonin, PCT, C-reactive protein CRP, Interleukin 6 (IL6) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) blood gases pressure (pO2, pCO2), coagulation (D-Dimer DD) and Iron storage proteins (Ferritin Ft) were analyzed by fully automated analyzers. All biomarkers of each patient category was statistically compared with days 1st, 4th, 7th versus 10th, 14th and 17th days and reported as significant where p<0.05, to assess progression, worsening or recovery status. IL6 (P<0.0224, P< 0.0228) and CRP (P<0.0277) exhibited none or mild statistical significance difference, with the exception of Ferritin (P<0.0185; P<0.0088) and D Dimer (P<0.0086), demonstrating slow recovery, revealing stronger cytokine storming assault. LDH, pCO2 and pO2 exhibited variable significance difference when data of earlier days were compared with recovery phase, thus advocating blended treatment or progressing of disease. Analysis confirms overwhelming pathogenesis of SARS Covid-19 distinctive cytokine storm, which needed to be cautiously monitored as infection progressed using pro-inflammatory biomarkers as indicators of recovery or worsening of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Mahmood Alam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry lab services and Chemical Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Sughra Asghar
- Department of Anatomy, Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences for Girls, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Ali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry lab services and Chemical Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Zhang J, Ma L, Hashimoto Y, Wan X, Shan J, Qu Y, Hashimoto K. (R)-Ketamine ameliorates lethal inflammatory responses and multi-organ injury in mice induced by cecum ligation and puncture. Life Sci 2021; 284:119882. [PMID: 34384829 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction syndrome arising from infection-induced uncontrolled systemic inflammatory responses. Patients surviving severe sepsis also exhibit increased mortality due to enhanced vulnerability to infections. In this study, we examined whether (R)-ketamine could prevent against lethal sepsis-induced systemic inflammation and inflammatory organ injury. MAIN METHODS Septic model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery on adult mice. (R)-ketamine (10 or 15 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally (i.p.) 24 h before and/or immediately after CLP. KEY FINDINGS Combined prophylactic and therapeutic use of (R)-ketamine (10 mg/kg), as well as either prophylactic or therapeutic use of (R)-ketamine at a single dose of 15 mg/kg did not reduce 14-day mortality after CLP. However, combined prophylactic and therapeutic use of (R)-ketamine (15 mg/kg) significantly increased 14-day survival rate, attenuated sepsis-induced marked drop in the rectal temperature and increase in the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines [i.e., interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and IL-10] 12 h after CLP. Furthermore, (R)-ketamine alleviated sepsis-induced increase in the organ injury markers such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), myocardial kinase (CK-MB), and creatinine 24 h after CLP. Moreover, the increased lung wet/dry weight ratio, pulmonary morphological injury and the pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines were also attenuated by (R)-ketamine. SIGNIFICANCE Combined prophylactic and therapeutic use of (R)-ketamine could attenuate systemic inflammation and inflammatory multi-organ injury in mice after CLP-induced lethal sepsis. Therefore, (R)-ketamine would be a potential prophylactic and therapeutic drug for patients prone to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Li Ma
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Yaeko Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Respirology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Xiayun Wan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Jiajing Shan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Youge Qu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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Almuwaqqat Z, Kim JH, Garcia M, Ko YA, Moazzami K, Lima B, Sullivan S, Alkhalaf J, Mehta A, Shah AJ, Hussain MS, Pearce BD, Bremner JD, Waller EK, Vaccarino V, Quyyumi AA. Associations Between Inflammation, Cardiovascular Regenerative Capacity, and Cardiovascular Events: A Cohort Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2814-2822. [PMID: 34551591 PMCID: PMC8675629 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Circulating progenitor cells possess immune modulatory properties and might mitigate inflammation that is characteristic of patients with coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that patients with fewer circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) will have higher inflammatory markers and worse outcomes. Approach and Results Patients with stable coronary artery disease were enrolled in a prospective study enumerating CPCs as CD (cluster of differentiation)-34-expressing mononuclear cells (CD34+) and inflammation as levels of IL (interleukin)-6 and high-sensitivity CRP (C-reactive protein) levels. Patients were followed for 5 years for the end points of death and myocardial infarction with repeat inflammatory biomarkers measured after a median of 2 years. In the entire cohort of 392 patients, IL-6 and high-sensitivity CRP levels remained unchanged (0.3+/-2.4 pg/mL and 0.1+/-1.0 mg/L; P=0.45) after 2 years. CPC counts (log-transformed) were inversely correlated with the change in IL-6 levels (r, -0.17; P<0.001). Using linear regression, IL-6 and high-sensitivity CRP levels declined by -0.59 (95% CI, -0.90 to -0.20) pg/mL and -0.13 (-0.28 to 0.01) mg/L per 1 log higher CPC counts after adjustment for the demographic and clinical variables, as well as medications. Using Cox models adjusted for these risk factors, a rise in 1 pg/mL of IL-6 was associated with a 11% (95% CI, 9-13) greater risk of death/myocardial infarction. We found that the change in IL6 level partly (by 40%) mediated the higher risk of adverse events among those with low CPC counts. Conclusions Reduced cardiovascular regenerative capacity is independently associated with progressive inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease that in turn is associated with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Almuwaqqat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mariana Garcia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kasra Moazzami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bruno Lima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Samaah Sullivan
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jamil Alkhalaf
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Amit J. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Mohammad S. Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Brad D. Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - J. Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Edmund K. Waller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arshed A. Quyyumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Wang F, Nan K, Hao L, Li H, Wang C, Zhang L, Jiang L, Tian Y. Effects of a combination of erythromycin sequential therapy and azithromycin on lung function and inflammatory factors in children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2447-2454. [PMID: 35039258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of erythromycin sequential therapy plus azithromycin on lung function and inflammatory factors in children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia (MP). Ninety-three severe MP children were selected and randomized into azithromycin group, erythromycin group, and combination group, 31 cases in each. The disappearance time of cough, fever, lung rale and X-ray shadow in the combination group were shorter than those in the azithromycin group and erythromycin group. The clinical treatment efficiency of the combination group was higher than that of the azithromycin group. After treatment, FVC, FEV1/FVC and PEF in combination group were higher than before treatment; IL-8, IL-6, CRP in combination group were lower than erythromycin group and azithromycin group. IL-8, IL-6, CRP are negatively correlated with disappearance time of cough, fever, pulmonary rale, X-ray shadow and clinical treatment efficiency; FEV1/FVC is positively correlated with disappearance time of cough and fever, pulmonary rales and X-ray shadow, and clinical treatment efficiency. Sequential erythromycin therapy combined with azithromycin in the treatment of MP can effectively inhibit high inflammatory reactions, control the disease in a timely manner, improve lung function and produce fewer adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
| | - Kai Nan
- Health Hebei Guidance Center, Health Commission of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lingfeng Hao
- Shijiazhuang Medical College, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Congmin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
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Xing Y, Guo J, Guo W. Cooling blood detoxification decoction and nursing countermeasures in the treatment of acute psoriasis from the perspective of immune function and inflammatory factors. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2341-2345. [PMID: 35039272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present trial aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of cooling blood detoxification decoction and nursing countermeasures in acute psoriasis from the perspective of immune function and inflammatory factors. Totally 120 patients with acute psoriasis presented to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were randomized into group A and group B. Group B received routine treatment plus routine nursing, while group A received cooling blood detoxification decoction plus traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) care on the basis of the former group. Regarding the immune function indexes, the group A after treatment was superior to the group B; additionally, the inflammatory factors after treatment in group A was lower than group B; moreover, the PASI of group A at 6 weeks and 9 weeks after treatment was lower than group B; the QOL score of group A after treatment was superior to group B; the total number of effective treatment cases and nursing satisfaction were completely different when group A vs group B. Cooling blood detoxification decoction plus TCM nursing is a preferable technique for acute psoriasis to improve clinical symptoms, enhance immune function and diminish inflammatory factor levels, thereby optimizing the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Xing
- Department of Geriatrics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jianhui Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Province, China
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Wang L, Chen Y, Ouyang YL, Wang FW, Zhang RJ, Chen X. Curative effect of kangfuyan capsule combined with antibiotic treatment on pelvic inflammatory disease. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2479-2485. [PMID: 35039263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the curative effect of Kangfuyan capsule in the treatment of damp-heat and blood stasis type of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and its influence on serum inflammatory factors IL-6, CRP and TNF-α. A total of 83 patients with PID were randomly divided into two groups: Western medicine group (control group, n=41) received oral antibiotics (azithromycin + metronidazole) alone and the traditional Chinese medicine combined with Western medicine group (experimental group, n=42) received Kangfuyan capsule based on Western medicine therapy. Clinical efficacy between these two groups and the influence of drugs in serum inflammatory factors (IL-6, CRP and TNF-α) were compared. The total effective rate was 78.05% in the control group and 97.62% in the experimental group and difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). The symptoms and signs in the two groups significantly improved after treatment (P<0.05) and improvement rate was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, serum inflammatory factor levels in the two groups were significantly lower than levels before treatment (P<0.05) and improvement rate was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Kangfuyan capsule combined with antibiotics can effectively relieve the symptoms and signs of patients, improve the efficiency of treatment, provide high safety, and does not increase adverse reactions. The possible mechanism may be that this therapy suppresses chronic PID by reducing serum inflammatory factor (IL-6, CRP and TNF-α) levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Luan Ouyang
- Department of Reproductive, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Wei Wang
- Department of Reproductive, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Run-Ju Zhang
- Department of Reproductive, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Reproductive, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, China
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An L, L X, Chu X, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu Y. The mouse model of hepatic veno-occlusive disease. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2391-2400. [PMID: 35039250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the application of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Subacute or acute increase in the incidence of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) becomes more common and it can lead to fatal complications. This article characterizes a mouse model of HVOD induced by monocrotaline. After gavage with monocrotaline was performed on BALB/c mice, On the 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th days, mice were anesthetized, blood was collected and the liver was removed. Liver slices were processed by HE stain, Masson's trichrome stain or immunohistochemical stain. From days 3 through 4, histopathology and cytokine changes were determined as severe, early HVOD. From days 6 through 8, the changes were considered to represent late HVOD. On the 10th day, the above changes showed that late HVOD gradually improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licai An
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xijing L
- Department of Pathology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Chu
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
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Li H, Jamdade VS. Raloxifene impedes cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of Proinflammatory cytokines in female wistar rats. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2141-2147. [PMID: 35034874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity is the main obstacle in the practice of cisplatin as a chemotherapeutic agent. Conversely, it continues to be the most commonly used anticancer agent to treat several solid tumours. This study investigated the effect of raloxifene pretreatment on nephrotoxicity mediated by cisplatin in an experimental animal model. The levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and albumin were measured to evaluate the renal damage, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured to assess the systemic inflammation. Cisplatin in a single dose of 7.5mg/kg showed a substantial rise in serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine along with TNF-α and IL-6 and, fall in albumin and IL-10 levels. Nevertheless, there was no substantial change in a group treated with raloxifene 7.5mg/kg. We observed a substantial fall in the levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine along with TNF-α and IL-6 and a rise in albumin and IL-10 levels. The current study established a protective effect of raloxifene in cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity and this is due to its potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, a cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity can be prevented by the use of raloxifene as a therapeutic adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Li
- People's Hospital of Fenyi, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Vinayak S Jamdade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, India
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Grübler MR, Zittermann A, Verheyen ND, Trummer C, Theiler-Schwetz V, Keppel MH, Malle O, Richtig G, Gängler S, Bischoff-Ferrari H, Scharnagl H, Meinitzer A, März W, Tomaschitz A, Pilz S. Randomized trial of vitamin D versus placebo supplementation on markers of systemic inflammation in hypertensive patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3202-3209. [PMID: 34629245 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Animal and cell models indicated that vitamin D modulates inflammatory activity, which is considered relevant in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We therefore aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on systemic markers of inflammation in a cohort of hypertensive patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial is a single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted from 2011 to 2014 in Austria. We enrolled 200 study participants with arterial hypertension and 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D (25(OH)D) concentration below 30 ng/mL. Study participants were randomized to receive either 2800 IU of vitamin D3 per day or placebo for 8 weeks. The present investigation is a post-hoc analysis using analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). Outcome measures were biomarkers of inflammation including CRP, leukocytes including subtypes and leukocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, leucine and kynurenic acid. A total of 187 participants (mean age 60.1 ± 11.3years; 47% women; mean baseline 25(OH)D 21.1 ± 5.6 ng/mL) completed the trial. ANCOVA revealed a mean treatment effect for none of the respective outcomes and no significant results were detected in various subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION Vitamin D3 supplementation in hypertensive patients with insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations has no significant effect on lowering markers of systemic inflammation. Further studies investigating the effect of vitamin D on other inflammatory pathways and in populations with severe vitamin D deficiency and a significant inflammatory burden are required. REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02136771; EudraCT No. 2009-018,125-70. Start Date: 2011-04-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Grübler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Centre on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Waid City Hospital, and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Armin Zittermann
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Nicolas D Verheyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Trummer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Theiler-Schwetz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin H Keppel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Oliver Malle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Richtig
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Pharmacology Section, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stephanie Gängler
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Waid City Hospital, and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike Bischoff-Ferrari
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Waid City Hospital, and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany; Vth Department of Medicine, (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Guarnotta V, Bianco MJ, Vigneri E, Panto' F, Lo Sasso B, Ciaccio M, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C. Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on myokine levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3193-3201. [PMID: 34518091 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To evaluate the change in circulating serum irisin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after 6 and 12 months of GLP-1 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-five patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with insulin or other hypoglycaemic drugs were added to dulaglutide (N° = 44) and liraglutide (N° = 41) treatment. After 6 months of GLP-1 analogues a significant decrease in BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.003), triglycerides (p = 0.017), IL-6 (p = 0.045) and a significant increase in serum irisin (p < 0.001) were observed compared to baseline. After 12 months of treatment no significant differences were found compared to the levels at 6 months. The change in irisin from baseline (Δ_irisin) was significantly related to the changes in total-cholesterol (Δ_total-cholesterol) (r = -0.293; p = 0.020), while the change in IL-6 (Δ_IL-6) was significantly related to the changes in WC (Δ_WC) (r = 0.347; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Additive treatment with GLP1-analogues results in an increase in serum circulating irisin levels and a decrease in IL-6. The post-treatment change in irisin was correlated with a decrease in total cholesterol, while the change in IL-6 was correlated with a decrease in WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guarnotta
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria J Bianco
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrica Vigneri
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy
| | - Felicia Panto'
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina di laboratorio, AOUP "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina di laboratorio, AOUP "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carla Giordano
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Sezione di Malattie Endocrine, del Ricambio e della Nutrizione, Università di Palermo, Italy.
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Zhang N, Xiang Y, Zhao Y, Ji X, Sang S, Shao S, Ma X, Wang G, Lv M, Xue F, Du Y, Sun Q. Association of triglyceride-glucose index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3103-3110. [PMID: 34531107 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) have been shown to play important roles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of atherogenesis. However, the cumulative value of TyG and hsCRP in identifying asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS), as well as its severity and numerical burden, is uncertain. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 1938 participants aged ≥40 years who were free of stroke or transient ischemic attack. All participants were classified into four groups based on the participants' TyG and hsCRP levels, including low-TyG and low-hsCRP, low-TyG and high-hsCRP, high-TyG and low-hsCRP, and high-TyG and high-hsCRP groups. The presence of aICAS was screened via transcranial Doppler ultrasound and confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography. The TyG was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. We used multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the cumulative value of TyG and hsCRP on identifying the severity of aICAS or its numerical burden. After adjustment for conventional confounders, isolated high-hsCRP, isolated high-TyG, and high-TyG combined with high-hsCRP were independently associated with moderate-to-severe aICAS. Compared with the low-TyG and low-hsCRP group, participants with high-TyG and high-hsCRP had a 2.6 times higher odds ratio (OR) of having a single moderate-to-severe aICAS and a 3.3 times higher OR of having multiple moderate-to-severe aICASs. CONCLUSION The cumulative value of TyG and hsCRP may better identify moderate-to-severe aICAS as well as its numerical burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaokang Ji
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaowei Sang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Qilu Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Sai Shao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Qilu Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinjian Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Nilsson A, Cano A, Bergens O, Kadi F. Randomized Controlled Trial for Promotion of Healthy Eating in Older Adults by Increasing Consumption of Plant-Based Foods: Effect on Inflammatory Biomarkers. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113753. [PMID: 34836009 PMCID: PMC8623008 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To what extent the intake of fruit and vegetables (FV) influences inflammatory status remains elusive, particularly in older populations. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of increased FV intake for 16 weeks on circulating biomarkers of inflammation in a population of older men and women. Sixty-six participants (65–70 years) randomly assigned to either FV or control (CON) groups were instructed to increase FV intake to five servings per day through nutritional counseling (FV) or to maintain habitual diet (CON). Dietary intake and physical activity level (PA) were determined using food frequency questionnaire and accelerometers, respectively, at the start and end of the intervention. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-18, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), MIP-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), and C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand-1 (CX3CL1, or fractalkine) were analyzed. The FV group significantly increased daily FV intake (from 2.2 ± 1.3 to 4.2 ± 1.8 servings/day), with no change in CON. Waist circumference and PA level were unchanged by the intervention. Interaction effects (time × group, p < 0.05) for TRAIL, TRANCE, and CX3CL1 denoting a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in FV but not in CON were observed. No corresponding effects on CRP, IL6, TNF-α, MIP-1α, and β and IL-18 were observed. The present study demonstrates the influence of increased FV consumption on levels of some inflammatory biomarkers in a population of older adults. Future work is warranted to examine the clinical implications of FV-induced alterations in these inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Nilsson
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (O.B.); (F.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-19-303553
| | - Antonio Cano
- Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico Universitario-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Bergens
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (O.B.); (F.K.)
| | - Fawzi Kadi
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (O.B.); (F.K.)
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Kamiya T, Davis NM, Greischar MA, Schneider D, Mideo N. Linking functional and molecular mechanisms of host resilience to malaria infection. eLife 2021; 10:e65846. [PMID: 34636723 PMCID: PMC8510579 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains challenging to understand why some hosts suffer severe illnesses, while others are unscathed by the same infection. We fitted a mathematical model to longitudinal measurements of parasite and red blood cell density in murine hosts from diverse genetic backgrounds to identify aspects of within-host interactions that explain variation in host resilience and survival during acute malaria infection. Among eight mouse strains that collectively span 90% of the common genetic diversity of laboratory mice, we found that high host mortality was associated with either weak parasite clearance, or a strong, yet imprecise response that inadvertently removes uninfected cells in excess. Subsequent cross-sectional cytokine assays revealed that the two distinct functional mechanisms of poor survival were underpinned by low expression of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. By combining mathematical modelling and molecular immunology assays, our study uncovered proximate mechanisms of diverse infection outcomes across multiple host strains and biological scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukushi Kamiya
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Nicole M Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Megan A Greischar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - David Schneider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Nicole Mideo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
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Cheng YC, Chiu YM, Dai ZK, Wu BN. Loganin Ameliorates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Insulin Sensitivity in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Rats. Cells 2021; 10:2688. [PMID: 34685668 PMCID: PMC8534751 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Loganin is an iridoid glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, glucose-lowering activities which may address the pathological mechanisms of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of action of loganin on PDN. The in vivo model of PDN was established by streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induction in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Subsequently, loganin (5 mg/kg) was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection. High-glucose stimulated human SH-SY5Y cells co-incubated with loganin were used to mimic the in vitro model of PDN. Loganin improved PDN rats' associated pain behaviors (allodynia and hyperalgesia), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione. Loganin also reduced pain-associated channel protein CaV3.2 and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the surficial spinal dorsal horn of PDN rats. Loganin inhibited oxidative stress and NF-κB activation and decreased the levels of mRNA and protein of proinflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α. Moreover, loganin attenuated insulin resistance by modulating the JNK-IRS-1 (insulin receptor substrate-1)-Akt-GSK3β signaling pathway in PDN rats. These results suggested that loganin improved PDN-mediated pain behaviors by inhibiting oxidative stress-provoked inflammation in the spinal cord, resulting in improved neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Cheng
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Min Chiu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-M.C.)
| | - Zen-Kong Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-M.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Fawzy MA, Maher SA, Bakkar SM, El-Rehany MA, Fathy M. Pantoprazole Attenuates MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK, p38)-NF-κB and Apoptosis Signaling Pathways after Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910669. [PMID: 34639009 PMCID: PMC8508698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in the kidney is the most common cause of acute renal dysfunction through different cell damage mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate, on molecular basics for the first time, the effect of pantoprazole on renal IRI in rats. Different biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers were assessed. ELISA was used to estimate proinflammatory cytokines. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to investigate the gene and protein expression. Renal histopathological examination was also performed. IRI resulted in tissue damage, elevation of serum levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen, malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, up-regulation of NF-κB, JNK1/2, ERK1/2, p38, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins. Furthermore, it up-regulated the expression of the Bax gene and down-regulated the expression of the Bcl-2 gene. Treatment of the injured rats with pantoprazole, either single dose or multiple doses, significantly alleviated IRI-induced biochemical and histopathological changes, attenuated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, down-regulated the expression of NF-κB, JNK1/2, ERK1/2, p38, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, and the Bax gene, and up-regulated Bcl-2 gene expression. Moreover, treatment with pantoprazole multiple doses has an ameliorative effect that is greater than pantoprazole single-dose. In conclusion, pantoprazole diminished renal IRI via suppression of apoptosis, attenuation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines’ levels, and inhibition of the intracellular signaling pathway MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK, p38)–NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Sherif A. Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (S.A.M.); (M.A.E.-R.)
| | - Sally M. Bakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. El-Rehany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (S.A.M.); (M.A.E.-R.)
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence: or
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Li J. Melatonin prevents allergic airway inflammation in epicutaneously sensitized mice. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210398. [PMID: 34522948 PMCID: PMC8458693 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathological process of atopic dermatitis (AD) progressing into other types of allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis during the first several years of life is often referred to as the atopic march. Although the phenomenon of atopic march has been recognized for decades, how asthma stems from AD is still not fully understood, confounding a universal strategy to effectively protect people from the atopic march. METHODS We established experimental atopic march mice by first inducing allergic dermatitis with 0.5% fluorescein isothiocyante (FITC) applied to the skin, followed by an ovalbumin (OVA) airway challenge. In addition, by examining serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations, airway cytokines, the levels of oxidative stress markers, histopathological changes in lung tissue and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), we were able to validate the successful establishment of the model. Furthermore, by detecting the attenuating effects of melatonin (MT) and the levels of oxidative stress in the atopic march mice, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms involved in the development of atopic march. RESULTS By successfully establishing an experimental atopic march mouse model, we were able to demonstrate that overproduction of oxidative stress in the lung significantly up-regulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways causing thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) release, which further promotes the development of atopic march. CONCLUSIONS To mitigate the development of the atopic march, antioxidants such as MT may be imperative to inhibit NF-κB activation in the lung, especially after the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Yaolin Ren
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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Negrati M, Razza C, Biasini C, Di Nunzio C, Vancini A, Dall’Asta M, Lovotti G, Trevisi E, Rossi F, Cavanna L. Mediterranean Diet Affects Blood Circulating Lipid-Soluble Micronutrients and Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Cohort of Breast Cancer Survivors: Results from the SETA Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103482. [PMID: 34684483 PMCID: PMC8539583 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major public health concern and substantial research has shown that adhering to a healthy dietary pattern, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MD), may prevent the onset of cancer and BC relapses. This study aims at specifically investigating the association of MD with circulating dietary-related biomarkers in a cohort of BC survivors. Eighty patients (mean age of 54.9 ± 10.6) with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of BC who had not received any pharmacological or radiotherapy treatment for at least two months were enrolled. Fasting serum lipid-soluble vitamins (retinol, tocopherol), plant pigments (β-carotene, lutein + zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene), inflammatory and oxidative stress markers (ceruloplasmin; haptoglobin; paraoxonases; reactive oxygen molecule; thiol groups, Ferric reducing antioxidant power), and cardiometabolic parameters (body mass index (BMI); glucose; insulin; HOMA-IR; total cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol; triglycerides) were analyzed. Adherence to the MD was assessed through the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected for the evaluation of selected biomarkers. MDS resulted positively correlated with β-carotene (r 0.331; p < 0.01) and lycopene (r 0.274; p < 0.05) and negatively with retinol (r −0.346; p < 0.05). Among the investigated inflammatory biomarkers, MDS was only correlated with antioxidant capacity (r 0.256; p < 0.05), while none of the investigated cardiometabolic parameters were significantly correlated with this index. The strong significant correlation between β-carotene and MDS encourages us to consider this pro-vitamin as a putative biomarker to take into account for evaluating the adherence to the MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Negrati
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medicine Department, “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Taverna 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.N.); (C.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Claudia Razza
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medicine Department, “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Taverna 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.N.); (C.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Claudia Biasini
- Oncology Unit, Onco-Hematology Department, “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Taverna 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (C.B.); (C.D.N.)
| | - Camilla Di Nunzio
- Oncology Unit, Onco-Hematology Department, “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Taverna 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (C.B.); (C.D.N.)
| | - Alessandra Vancini
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medicine Department, “G. da Saliceto” Hospital, Via Taverna 49, 29121 Piacenza, Italy; (M.N.); (C.R.); (A.V.)
| | - Margherita Dall’Asta
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.D.); (G.L.); (E.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Giorgia Lovotti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.D.); (G.L.); (E.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.D.); (G.L.); (E.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.D.); (G.L.); (E.T.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-599286
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.D.); (G.L.); (E.T.); (L.C.)
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Tserel L, Jõgi P, Naaber P, Maslovskaja J, Häling A, Salumets A, Zusinaite E, Soeorg H, Lättekivi F, Ingerainen D, Soots M, Toompere K, Kaarna K, Kisand K, Lutsar I, Peterson P. Long-Term Elevated Inflammatory Protein Levels in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infected Individuals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:709759. [PMID: 34603283 PMCID: PMC8484961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.709759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infection range from asymptomatic to severe disease with life-threatening complications. Understanding the persistence of immune responses in asymptomatic individuals merit special attention because of their importance in controlling the spread of the infections. We here studied the antibody and T cell responses, and a wide range of inflammation markers, in 56 SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive individuals, identified by a population screen after the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These, mostly asymptomatic individuals, were reanalyzed 7-8 months after their infection together with 115 age-matched seronegative controls. We found that 7-8 months after the infection their antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (N) protein declined whereas we found no decrease in the antibodies to Spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) when compared to the findings at seropositivity identification. In contrast to antibodies to N protein, the antibodies to S-RBD correlated with the viral neutralization capacity and with CD4+ T cell responses as measured by antigen-specific upregulation of CD137 and CD69 markers. Unexpectedly we found the asymptomatic antibody-positive individuals to have increased serum levels of S100A12, TGF-alpha, IL18, and OSM, the markers of activated macrophages-monocytes, suggesting long-term persistent inflammatory effect associated with the viral infection in asymptomatic individuals. Our results support the evidence for the long-term persistence of the inflammation process and the need for post-infection clinical monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infected asymptomatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liina Tserel
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Piia Jõgi
- Children’s Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Paul Naaber
- SYNLAB Estonia, Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Annika Häling
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ahto Salumets
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eva Zusinaite
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hiie Soeorg
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Freddy Lättekivi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinical Research Centre, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Mari Soots
- Family Doctor Center Kuressaare, Kuressaare, Estonia
| | - Karolin Toompere
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katrin Kaarna
- Clinical Research Centre, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinical Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kai Kisand
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Irja Lutsar
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Bourgin M, Derosa L, Silva CAC, Goubet AG, Dubuisson A, Danlos FX, Grajeda-Iglesias C, Cerbone L, Geraud A, Laparra A, Aprahamian F, Nirmalathasan N, Madeo F, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Durand S. Circulating acetylated polyamines correlate with Covid-19 severity in cancer patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20860-20885. [PMID: 34517343 PMCID: PMC8457559 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer patients are particularly susceptible to the development of severe Covid-19, prompting us to investigate the serum metabolome of 204 cancer patients enrolled in the ONCOVID trial. We previously described that the immunosuppressive tryptophan/kynurenine metabolite anthranilic acid correlates with poor prognosis in non-cancer patients. In cancer patients, we observed an elevation of anthranilic acid at baseline (without Covid-19 diagnosis) and no further increase with mild or severe Covid-19. We found that, in cancer patients, Covid-19 severity was associated with the depletion of two bacterial metabolites, indole-3-proprionate and 3-phenylproprionate, that both positively correlated with the levels of several inflammatory cytokines. Most importantly, we observed that the levels of acetylated polyamines (in particular N1-acetylspermidine, N1,N8-diacetylspermidine and N1,N12-diacetylspermine), alone or in aggregate, were elevated in severe Covid-19 cancer patients requiring hospitalization as compared to uninfected cancer patients or cancer patients with mild Covid-19. N1-acetylspermidine and N1,N8-diacetylspermidine were also increased in patients exhibiting prolonged viral shedding (>40 days). An abundant literature indicates that such acetylated polyamines increase in the serum from patients with cancer, cardiovascular disease or neurodegeneration, associated with poor prognosis. Our present work supports the contention that acetylated polyamines are associated with severe Covid-19, both in the general population and in patients with malignant disease. Severe Covid-19 is characterized by a specific metabolomic signature suggestive of the overactivation of spermine/spermidine N1-acetyl transferase-1 (SAT1), which catalyzes the first step of polyamine catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourgin
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Carolina Alves Costa Silva
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Agathe Dubuisson
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - François-Xavier Danlos
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Claudia Grajeda-Iglesias
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Luigi Cerbone
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U981, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Arthur Geraud
- Department of Drug Development (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Ariane Laparra
- Department of Drug Development (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Fanny Aprahamian
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
- Pôle De Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris 75015, France
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
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Tu Y, Zhang J, Zhang M, Li Z, Zong W, Zhou Q. Effect of the therapy of amiodarone combined with atorvastatin on cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:2035-2040. [PMID: 34862870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the therapy of amiodarone combined with atorvastatin on cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 90 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent PCI in the tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the subjects and randomly assigned into the control group and the study group, with 45 cases in each group. All the subjects had undergone PCI. The control group received amiodarone while those the study group received atorvastatin additionally. Comparison was done on the clinical efficacy, cardiac function, myocardial injury indicator and inflammatory factor between the two groups. The overall response rate (ORR) in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); patients in the study group had markedly better cardiac function compared with those in the control group (P<0.001); patients in the study group had considerably lower creatine kinase (CK) index, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) index, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as opposed to those in the control group (P<0.001). It was observed that the therapy of amiodarone combined with atorvastatin could effectively improve the clinical indicators and cardiac function of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI. It is effective and worthy of wide promotion and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Tu
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
| | - Wenxia Zong
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
| | - Qiyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Hubei No.3, People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Hubei, China
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Rutledge AC, Choi YH, Karp I, Bhayana V, Stevic I. Biochemistry tests in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Experience from a Canadian tertiary care centre. Clin Biochem 2021; 95:41-48. [PMID: 34022172 PMCID: PMC8132510 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has variable clinical presentation, from asymptomatic to severe disease leading to death. Biochemical markers may help with management and prognostication of COVID-19 patients; however, their utility is still under investigation. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, lactate, and high sensitivity troponin T (TnT) levels in 67 patients who were admitted to a Canadian tertiary care centre for management of COVID-19. Logistic, cause-specific Cox proportional-hazards, and accelerated failure time regression modelling were performed to assess the associations of initial analyte concentrations with in-hospital death and length of stay in hospital; joint modelling was performed to assess the associations of the concentrations over the course of the hospital stay with in-hospital death. RESULTS Initial TnT and CRP concentrations were associated with length of stay in hospital. Eighteen patients died (27%), and the median initial TnT concentration was higher in patients who died (55 ng/L) than those who lived (16 ng/L; P < 0.0001). There were no survivors with an initial TnT concentration > 64 ng/L. While the initial TnT concentration was predictive of death, later measurements were not. Only CRP had prognostic value with both the initial and subsequent measurements: a 20% increase in the initial CRP concentration was associated with a 14% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1-29%) increase in the odds of death, and the hazard of death increased 14% (95% CI: 5-25%) for each 20% increase in the current CRP value. While the initial lactate concentration was not predictive of death, subsequent measurements were. CONCLUSION CRP, lactate and TnT were associated with poorer outcomes and appear to be useful biochemical markers for monitoring COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Rutledge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care London, London, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Yun-Hee Choi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Igor Karp
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Vipin Bhayana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care London, London, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan Stevic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care London, London, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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Xing Y, Cheng D, Shi C, Shen Z. The protective role of YTHDF1-knock down macrophages on the immune paralysis of severe sepsis rats with ECMO. Microvasc Res 2021; 137:104178. [PMID: 34015275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages on the immunity of severe sepsis rats with ECMO. METHODS 15 SD rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups: mild sepsis (I), severe sepsis with ECMO (II), and YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages treatment groups (III). Blood biochemical indexes, different immune factors and brain changes were detected by RT-PCR, ELISA, ELISPOT and HE staining. Isolated macrophages subtypes and signal proteins were detected by flow cytometry, western blot and m6A RNA methylation test. RESULTS The levels of HMGB1, RAGE, YTHDF1 and IL-17 in peripheral blood were significantly higher (p < 0.01), while the level of CXCL9 and TNF-α, and LPS-specific CD8+CTL function were significantly decreased in group II compared with group I (p < 0.01). The ratio of CD63+ macrophages (p < 0.05) and CD64+ macrophages (p< 0.05) decreased and the level of elastase (p < 0.01) and CCR2highCX3CR1low/CCR2lowCX3CR1high (p < 0.01) of macrophages increased in group II. The above were consistent with the severity of biochemical indicators, the increasing endothelial injury factor (Ang2/Ang1), lower endothelial protective factor (sTie2), severer brain injury in group II. After YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages treatment, the above indexes' changes were opposite when Group III versus Group II through the down-regulation of m6A RNA methylation of JAK2/STAT3 (p < 0.01) and protein expression of PJAK2/PSTAT3 (p < 0.05) in isolated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS YTHDF1 knock-down macrophages improved the immune paralysis of macrophages, Th1/Th17 and CTL and reduced the entry of macrophages into the brain to cause endothelial damage of severe sepsis rats with ECMO through the inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE and YTHDF1, m6A RNA methylation of JAK2/STAT3 and PJAK2/PSTAT3 proteins expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsong Shi
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Henan Provincial People's hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Luo NC, Zhang X, Hara T, Inadomi C, Li TS. Prolonged oxygen exposure causes the mobilization and functional damage of stem or progenitor cells and exacerbates cardiac ischemia or reperfusion injury in healthy mice. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6657-6665. [PMID: 33554327 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is often administered to patients and occasionally to healthy individuals as well; however, the cellular toxicity of oxygen, especially following prolonged exposure, is widely known. To evaluate the potential effect of oxygen exposure on circulating stem/progenitor cells and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, we exposed healthy adult mice to 100% oxygen for 20 or 60 min. We then examined the c-kit-positive stem/progenitor cells and colony-forming cells and measured the cytokine/chemokine levels in peripheral blood. We also induced cardiac I/R injury in mice at 3 h after 60 min of oxygen exposure and examined the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the fibrotic area in the heart. The proportion of c-kit-positive stem/progenitor cells significantly increased in peripheral blood at 3 and 24 h after oxygen exposure for either 20 or 60 min (p < .01 vs. control). However, the abundance of colony-forming cells in peripheral blood conversely decreased at 3 and 24 h after oxygen exposure for only 60 min (p < .05 vs. control). Oxygen exposure for either 20 or 60 min resulted in significantly decreased plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels at 3 h, whereas oxygen exposure for only 60 min reduced plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 levels at 24 h (p < .05 vs. control). Protein array indicated the increase in the levels of some cytokines/chemokines, such as CXCL6 (GCP-2) at 24 h after 60 min of oxygen exposure. Moreover, oxygen exposure for 60 min enhanced the recruitment of Ly6g- and CD11c-positive inflammatory cells at 3 days (p < .05 vs. control) and increased the fibrotic area at 14 days in the heart after I/R injury (p < .05 vs. control). Prolonged oxygen exposure induced the mobilization and functional impairment of stem/progenitor cells and likely enhanced inflammatory responses to exacerbate cardiac I/R injury in healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Na-Chuan Luo
- School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chiaki Inadomi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Sun WL, Li XY, Dou HY, Wang XD, Li JD, Shen L, Ji HF. Myricetin supplementation decreases hepatic lipid synthesis and inflammation by modulating gut microbiota. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109641. [PMID: 34469716 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between poor in vivo bioavailability and effective pharmacological activity are not yet fully clarified for many flavonoids. The analysis of flavonoids-induced alterations in the gut microbiota represents a promising approach to provide useful clues to elucidate the mechanism of action. Here, we investigate the effect of myricetin supplementation on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats and explore the associations with the gut microbiota through high-throughput analyses. The 12-week myricetin supplementation and fecal microbiota transplantation outcomes suggest that myricetin significantly slows the development of NAFLD. Meanwhile, the anti-NAFLD effects of myricetin are associated with the modulation of the gut microbiota composition. Myricetin reduces hepatic lipid synthesis and inflammation through modulations in fecal butyric-acid-related gut microbiota and protection of the gut barrier function. This study may facilitate the elucidation of the action mechanism of flavonoids with low bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Yue Dou
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Da Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Fang Ji
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Aparisi Á, Iglesias-Echeverría C, Ybarra-Falcón C, Cusácovich I, Uribarri A, García-Gómez M, Ladrón R, Fuertes R, Candela J, Tobar J, Hinojosa W, Dueñas C, González R, Nogales L, Calvo D, Carrasco-Moraleja M, San Román JA, Amat-Santos IJ, Andaluz-Ojeda D. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are associated with poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2619-2627. [PMID: 34353699 PMCID: PMC8259049 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the sole causative agent of coronavirus infectious disease-19 (COVID-19). METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a retrospective single-center study of consecutively admitted patients between March 1st and May 15th, 2020, with a definitive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary end-point was to evaluate the association of lipid markers with 30-days all-cause mortality in COVID-19. A total of 654 patients were enrolled, with an estimated 30-day mortality of 22.8% (149 patients). Non-survivors had lower total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels during the entire course of the disease. Both showed a significant inverse correlation with inflammatory markers and a positive correlation with lymphocyte count. In a multivariate analysis, LDL-c ≤ 69 mg/dl (hazard ratio [HR] 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-3.31), C-reactive protein >88 mg/dl (HR 2.44; 95% CI, 1.41-4.23) and lymphopenia <1000 (HR 2.68; 95% CI, 1.91-3.78) at admission were independently associated with 30-day mortality. This association was maintained 7 days after admission. Survivors presented with complete normalization of their lipid profiles on short-term follow-up. CONCLUSION Hypolipidemia in SARS-CoV-2 infection may be secondary to an immune-inflammatory response, with complete recovery in survivors. Low LDL-c serum levels are independently associated with higher 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Aparisi
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Iván Cusácovich
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aitor Uribarri
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mario García-Gómez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raquel Ladrón
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raúl Fuertes
- Medicine School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jordi Candela
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Tobar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Williams Hinojosa
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carlos Dueñas
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Roberto González
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Leonor Nogales
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dolores Calvo
- Clinical Analysis Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - J Alberto San Román
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain; CIBERCV, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ignacio J Amat-Santos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain; CIBERCV, Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Andaluz-Ojeda
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain.
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49
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Howard E, Attenbourgh A, O'Mahoney LL, Sakar A, Ke L, Campbell MD. Postprandial vascular-inflammatory and thrombotic responses to high-fat feeding are augmented by manipulating the lipid droplet size distribution. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2716-2723. [PMID: 34218987 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Postprandial responses are influenced not only by the type and amount of fat ingested, but also lipid droplet size distribution. However, little research has investigated the impact of differential lipid size distributions within a mixed-macronutrient meal context on postprandial vascular health. Therefore, we examined whether manipulating the lipid droplet size distribution within a mixed-macronutrient meal impacts vascular-inflammatory and thrombotic parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS In a randomised and counterbalanced fashion, sixteen adults (8 males; age 34 ± 7 years; BMI of 25.3 ± 4.5 kg/m2) completed three separate fasted morning-time feeding challenges, each separated by a minimum washout of 7-days. On each occasion, test-meals matched for carbohydrate and protein content differing only in fat amount and the lipid droplet size distribution were administered, such that participants consumed (1) a low-fat meal (LF) with negligible fat content, (2) an emulsified-high-fat meal with a fine lipid droplet size (FE), or (3) an emulsified-high-fat meal with a coarse lipid droplet size (CE). Periodic blood samples were retrospectively analysed for plasma triglycerides, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), tissue factor (TF), fibrinogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Triglyceride concentrations increased rapidly overtime under FE (P-time<0.05); this rise was attenuated under CE (P-time>0.05) and was comparable to LF (P-condition>0.05). Similarly, FE induced a significant rise in TNFα, TF, fibrinogen, and PAI-1 (P-time<0.05); these parameters remained unchanged under LF and CE (P-time>0.05). CONCLUSION A high-fat mixed-macronutrient meal with a larger lipid droplet size distribution ameliorates the associated rise in vascular-inflammatory and thrombotic parameters. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN88881254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Howard
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Lauren L O'Mahoney
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anwesha Sakar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lijin Ke
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Matthew D Campbell
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China; Faculty of Health Science and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK; Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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Choi JH, Lee EB, Jang HH, Cha YS, Park YS, Lee SH. Allium hookeri Extracts Improve Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Activation of the Cholinergic System and Anti-Neuroinflammation in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:2890. [PMID: 34445062 PMCID: PMC8400157 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium hookeri (AH) is a medicinal food that has been used in Southeast Asia for various physiological activities. The objective of this study was to investigate the activation of the cholinergic system and the anti-neuroinflammation effects of AH on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) impaired the performance of the mice on the Y-maze test, passive avoidance test, and water maze test. However, the number of error actions was reduced in the AH groups supplemented with leaf and root extracts from AH. AH treatment improved working memory and avoidance times against electronic shock, increased step-through latency, and reduced the time to reach the escape zone in the water maze test. AH significantly improved the cholinergic system by decreasing acetylcholinesterase activity, and increasing acetylcholine concentration. The serum inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ) increased by scopolamine treatment were regulated by the administration of AH extracts. Overexpression of NF-κB signaling and cytokines in liver tissue due to scopolamine were controlled by administration of AH extracts. AH also significantly decreased Aβ and caspase-3 expression but increased NeuN and ChAT. The results suggest that AH extracts improve cognitive effects, and the root extracts are more effective in relieving the scopolamine-induced memory impairment. They have neuroprotective effects and reduce the development of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Jeonbuk, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (E.-B.L.); (H.-H.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea;
| | - Eun-Byeol Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Jeonbuk, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (E.-B.L.); (H.-H.J.)
| | - Hwan-Hee Jang
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Jeonbuk, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (E.-B.L.); (H.-H.J.)
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, Korea;
| | - Yong-Soon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seongdong, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Sung-Hyen Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Jeonbuk, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (E.-B.L.); (H.-H.J.)
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